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Black Friday deals push netbooks below $200 When Asus announced the Eee PC in mid-2007, it promised prices below $200. This coming Black Friday we finally get there. By John Morris for Laptops & Desktops | November 25, 2009 -- 08:14 GMT (00:14 PST) | Topic: Enterprise Software When Asus announced the first netbook, the Eee PC, in mid-2007, it promised a price tag below $200. It has taken a little longer than expected to get there, but this coming Black Friday marks the first time that a variety of netbooks will be available for around $200 or less (not including the subsidized netbooks sold with two-year wireless data contracts). There have even been some rumors of $149 netbooks, but most of the deals I've seen to date range from $180 to a little more than $200. A few stores will also have budget laptops in this price range as well. Best Buy has one of the most aggressive netbooks deals. It will be selling a Compaq Mini with a 10.1-inch (1024 by 600) display for $180. This model includes a 160GB hard drive and Windows XP Home. For $50 more, you can get the same netbook with a 250GB hard drive and Windows 7 Starter Edition. HP doesn't really promote its Compaq-branded netbook, but it is virtually identical to the HP Mini 110, which starts at $300 with Windows XP and $360 with the larger hard drive and Windows 7 Starter Edition. Like most door-busters, the Compaq Mini is likely to sell out quickly, but Best Buy already sells a Gateway 10.1-inch netbook, the Gateway LT20, for $230. One advantage to this model is that it include a 6-cell battery, which will give you better battery life than the Compaq Mini's 3-cell one. There's one other big advantage to the Gateway deal--you don't need to show up at Best Buy at 5AM Friday morning to get it. Office Depot posted its complete list of Black Friday deals today. It is selling the Acer Aspire One D250, a 10.1-inch model with the usual specs (Atom N270, 1GB, 160GB hard drive) and Windows XP Home for $200. This model has been around for a long time, but it remains one of the most popular netbooks. For $100 more (after a $50 mail-in rebate) you can pick up a Compaq G60 laptop with a 15.6-inch display, 3GB of memory, a 250GB hard drive and Windows 7 Home Premium. With no doors to open Friday at dawn, Amazon has been running different Black Friday specials all week. Some of its current deals include two Samsung netbooks, the N110 and N120, for $319. The N110 has a 10.1-inch display, Atom N270 processor, 1GB of memory, 160GB hard drive, Windows XP Home and a 6-cell battery. The N120 is nearly identical but has an upgraded 2.1-channel audio. Samsung isn't a well-known netbook brand here in the U.S. but I've tested both of these models and they are well-designed with a large, comfortable keyboard. But the best netbook deal on Amazon.com may be the Asus Eee PC 1005HA, currently priced at $336.57. This 10.1-inch model, which uses the newer Atom N280 processor, has received excellent reviews for its long battery life and is include on many holiday gift guides this year--including mine. These are good prices but you can find these models at similar prices on other sites as well. Like Office Depot, Target will offer the Acer Aspire One D250 for $200. But that price is only good for the blue model. Other colors start at $290, which is the usual price for the 10.1-inch netbook. One big name missing from this list, Walmart, has not announced any Black Friday netbooks deals. They will, however, be selling a full mainstream laptop at a netbook price. The eMachines eME627 will be priced at $198 with a 15.6-inch display (1366 by 768), 1.6GHz AMD Athlon 64 TF-20, 2GB of memory, ATI Radeon HD 3200 integrated graphics, 160GB hard drive and Windows 7 Home Premium. Best Buy will match that with an HP Pavilion G60 with a 15.6-inch display with the same resolution, 2.2GHz Intel Celeron 900, 2GB of memory, Intel integrated graphics, 160GB hard drive and Windows 7 Home Premium for $197. Obviously these sub-$200 laptops are relatively under-powered, but with the larger displays, DVD drives and full version of Windows 7, they may be a better choice than a netbook for many users. Hardware Cloud Big Data Analytics Innovation Tech and Work Collaboration More from John Morris ISSCC 2019 Preview: Moore's Law may be slowing down, but innovation isn't CES 2019: What to expect from the chipmakers EmTech MIT: How AI and biomedical innovations are transforming health care EmTech MIT: Making factory robots smarter and safer

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Yak Max 10 Stars that Were Banned from Saturday Night Live by yak max After four hilarious decades on the air, Saturday Night Live has faced its fair share of controversy. Despite the endless amount of laughs, Saturday Night Live has had to resort to banning multiple celebrities for a variety of different reasons. The following stars were banned from SNL, can you guess who made the list? 1. Chevy Chase – This one may be hard to believe but Chevy Chase is the only celebrity to be banned from SNL that was once a cast member! He has since guest appeared on the show but originally got the boot due to his offensive sketch pitches and continuous verbal abuse of the rest of the crew and cast members. 2. The Replacements – Back in 1986, The Replacements were the musical guest on the show. The first performance went beyond great so they celebrated by getting completely and utterly drunk. Normally this would of been okay but they were scheduled to make another live performance. They were then banned due to being obnoxiously drunk during their second performance. 3. Sinead O’Connor – Sinead O’Connor infamously and unexpectedly changed the lyrics of her song and then proceeded to tear up a picture of Pope John Paul II for everyone to see. The network received an influx of phone calls from people who were watching, therefore, banned her phone the show. Any reruns of the episode show her dress rehearsal performance rather than her very public meltdown. 4. Louise Lasser – Louise Lasser was the first host to ever be banned from Saturday Night Live. Lasser refused to be in any sketch unless she was the only person in it. The only exception was Chevy Chase. Basically, when you refuse to work with people they are not going to want to work with you either. 5. Andy Kaufman – Andy Kaufman’s humor had always been a little suggestive but he drew the line with his “wrestling with women” comments which really angered then-producer Dick Ebersol so he then allowed the audience to vote whether they want him to stay or force him off the show. The final results as 169,186 votes to keep him but 196,544 to get rid of him and he has been gone since. 6. Martin Lawrence – Funny man Martin Lawrence took to the stage and went on a rather inappropriate rant about the female anatomy. His offensive statements and dirty language got him banned from Saturday Night Live for life. 7. Adrian Brody – Back in 2003, Adrian Brody was hosting SNL with musical guest Sean Paul. Brody decided to kick off the show by sporting fake dreads and speaking in a fake Jamaican accent while mocking Sean Paul. The situation got worse when Brody decided to call him by the wrong name when introducing his performance. He was banned due to his obviously disrespectful behavior. 8. Robert Blake – Before he faced some trouble with the law, Robert Blake was considered to be one of the most difficult people to work with on set. It is said that he didn’t work well with the cast or the writers and often had outbursts where he would crumble up his script and resort to name-calling. SNL waved goodbye to Robert Blake for good by banning him once and for all. 9. Frank Zappa – The godfather of weirdo rock hosted the show in 1978 and instead of going along with the lines that were written for him, Zappa simply read the cue cards and continued to remind the viewers that he wasn’t really trying. SNL producers gave him a B for “banned” after his lazy performance. 10. Charles Grodin – Charles Grodin repeatedly missed rehearsals and his performance reflected when the show went live. Not only did he stumble onto the stage but he remained clumsy for the rest of the show, noticeably forgot his lines and threw the cast members off track. Whether it was due to refusing to get along with the cast and crew or inappropriate remarks, the previously listed celebrities have been banned for life from one of the best and most popular comedy sketch shows on television. Do you think they have a right to be banned or should these musicians and actors be given another chance? Binge Viewing: A Great Way to See Stars Before They Were Stars Being in the Audience of 'Saturday Night Live' Is One of the Best Things Ever Enrique Iglesias and Pitbull Will Be Performing at Hard Rock Live in Hollywood Florida, Saturday October 25, 2014 NASCAR Returns to Saturday Night Short-Track Racing at Richmond Night Songs, Hits by Music Stars With the Word "Night" in the Titles AAAA Brewers: A Look at Minor League Stars Never Able to Make it as Big League Stars © 2020 Yak Max · Contact · Privacy

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What are Tapas? Chefs who specialize in Mediterranean cuisine often serve creative tapas as appetizers. Meatless tapas may be featured as part of a buffet geared toward vegetarians. An American version of tapas might include chicken wings. Kalamata olives, which are often included in tapas. In some cases, tapas are served buffet style. Written By: A. Gabrenas Edited By: Jacob Harkins Tapas are a type of cuisine generally thought to have originated in Spain several hundreds of years ago. Often called little bites or small plates, they are typically small, appetizer-like portions of food. They are popular not only in Spain where they originated, but also in other parts of the world. Dishes served as tapas often range from simple one to two ingredient dishes to more complex, multi-layered items. Many food historians report that tapas originated in taverns as a way to keep insects and dirt out of alcoholic beverages. The story often goes that the person serving the drinks would place a piece of bread, often topped with meat or cheese, over the glass of wine or other beverage. In addition to helping keep insects or dirt from getting into the glass, it was also reported that this little bite of food helped offset some of the effects of alcohol, allowing a person to drink more. Thus, the story goes, it became popular with barkeeps and patrons alike. Still today, the typical tapas dish is small enough to be eaten in just a few bites. Due to this, it is common to order several tapas at a time. How a person orders may vary from location to location. In some cases, they may be served buffet-style, allowing a person to pick and choose a variety of items from whatever happens to be available. Other times, they are ordered individually off of a menu, just like a typical sit-down restaurant dining experience. Depending on the area, tapas may be served at different times of the day and in different locations. In Spain, for example, they are often served throughout the day as snacks to tide people over between meals or stops at bars. They are generally available at most bars and local restaurants. In the U.S., tapas are more commonly served in the evenings, either as appetizers or in place of full-size entrees at dinner. They are generally limited to restaurants specializing in Mediterranean or Spanish cuisine. A variety of different foods and dishes can be served as tapas. Classic tapas ingredients typically include cheese, ham, olives, potatoes and seafood. Some of the simplest types include just a couple of ingredients, such as cheese and crackers or grilled meat on a skewer. There are also more involved versions, such as croquettes and miniature potato, egg and cheese quiches. As tapas are becoming popular all over the world, many other types of foods are being adapted to the style, including classic American dishes such as fried chicken wings and macaroni and cheese. What Are Boquerones En Vinagre? What Is Cicchetti? What Are Pochas? What Are the Different Types of Spanish Appetizers? What Are Patatas Bravas? What Are the Different Uses of Miniature Wine Glasses? What Is Fabada Asturiana?

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AP FACT CHECK: Lest old distortions be forgot by: HOPE YEN, JOSH BOAK and CALVIN WOODWARD, Associated Press President Donald Trump speaks during an “Evangelicals for Trump Coalition Launch” at King Jesus International Ministry, Friday, Jan. 3, 2020, in Miami. (AP Photo/ Evan Vucci) WASHINGTON (AP) — President Donald Trump closed out the old year by reprising a selection of his most familiar falsehoods and putting a few of his predecessor’s accomplishments in his own win column. A look at some of his rhetoric on impeachment, the economy and more before developments in Iraq shattered the week’s holiday-flavored flow. TRUMP: “We had the best economic year, I think, in our country’s history.” — remarks to reporters Tuesday. WHITE HOUSE: “President Trump’s pro-growth policies have led to an economic boom that is lifting up Americans of all backgrounds.” — news release Tuesday promoting his first three years in office. THE FACTS: These are exaggerated boasts. The economy is not the best ever. It has also failed to grow to the extent Trump promised. While the United States has enjoyed more than a decade of expansion that has created positive momentum during the Trump era, growth has not eclipsed the 3% repeatedly promised by the president and members of his administration. The national economy is healthy, but it has not been as robust as what Trump said he would produce. In the late 1990s, growth topped 4% for four straight years, a level it has not reached on an annual basis under Trump. Growth reached 7.2% in 1984. The economy grew 2.9% in 2018 — the same pace it reached in 2015 under President Barack Obama — and hasn’t hit historically high growth rates. Trump criticized Obama during the 2016 campaign for failing to deliver growth above 3%, only to fall short himself, despite White House estimates that the 2017 tax cuts would achieve lasting growth at roughly that level. “I think we could go to 4, 5, and maybe even 6%, ultimately,” Trump said at the end of 2017. “We are back. We are really going to start to rock.” Annual growth instead averaged about 2.4% for the first nine months of last year. That’s down from 2.9% in 2018. Many of the figures cited by the White House reflect the continuation of a recovery that began before Trump became president, instead of Trump administration policies. TRUMP: “One of my greatest honors was to have gotten CHOICE approved for our great Veterans. Others have tried for decades, and failed!” — tweet Tuesday. THE FACTS: This was one of Trump’s most frequent fabrications of 2019. It was Obama who won passage of the Veterans Choice program, which gives veterans the option to see private doctors outside the Department of Veterans Affairs’ medical system at government expense. Congress approved the program in 2014, and Obama signed it into law. Trump expanded it. WHITE HOUSE: “President Trump signed the Veterans Affairs Accountability and Whistleblower Protection Act to ensure VA employees are held responsible for poor performance.” — news release Tuesday promoting his first three years in office. THE FACTS: That’s not a complete portrait of his record. The new law has failed in its core mission of protecting whistleblowers who reported potential harm to veterans, according to a government watchdog. A report released in October by the VA inspector general found that the accountability office established under the 2017 law did not consistently conduct sound and unbiased investigations and may not have protected identities of whistleblowers reporting wrongdoing. It said the office had “significant deficiencies,” such as poor leadership, shoddy training of investigators and a failure to push out underperforming senior leaders. Just one senior manager out of the 8,000 employees fired by VA had been removed by an office created to help keep senior-level managers accountable, according to the findings by the inspector general, Michael Missal. The VA acknowledged many of the findings and said it was working to make changes. TRUMP: “… An investigation that was illegally started … The Witch Hunt is sputtering badly, but still going on (Ukraine Hoax!). If this … had happened to a Presidential candidate, or President, who was a Democrat, everybody involved would long ago be in jail for treason (and more), and it would be considered the CRIME OF THE CENTURY.” — tweets Thursday. THE FACTS: Trump, as is typical, is loose in accusing his political rivals of treason and in placing his predicament in the league of mass murders, terrorism and other grotesque events meriting consideration as crimes of a century. Aside from that hyperventilation, though, what to make of his claim that he was investigated illegally? The Justice Department inspector general’s report that Trump and his allies cite in his defense found “serious performance failures” up the chain of command in the conduct of the bureau’s investigation into ties between Russia and the Trump campaign. It harshly criticized the FBI for how it went about eavesdropping on a former campaign aide and cited a host of other problems, The bureau says it is taking dozens of steps to fix some of its most fundamental operations as a result. Yet the report found the FBI was justified in opening its investigation and it did not find evidence that the bureau had acted with political bias, a conclusion at odds with Trump’s insistence that he’s the victim of a witch hunt. Similarly, there is no illegal takeover afoot in the impeachment matter. Democrats are following a process laid out in the Constitution, which gives the House the sole power to impeach a president, which it did. The Senate conducts the impeachment trial. TRUMP, on the House’s vote last month to impeach him: “What the Democrats did in the House was a disgrace. What they did — how unfair it was. We didn’t get lawyers. We didn’t have witnesses.” — remarks Tuesday to reporters. THE FACTS: This is a distortion. In the House proceedings, Democrats on the House Judiciary Committee that drafted the articles of impeachment invited Trump and his lawyers to take part and ask for witnesses. The witnesses who did come forward were questioned by Republicans on the committee as well as by Democrats. Earlier hearings by the House Intelligence Committee did not invite Trump or his team. Those hearings were like the investigative phase of criminal cases, conducted without the participation of the person under investigation. But lawmakers from both parties questioned the witnesses; several were invited at the request of Republicans on the committee. Trump complained about being shut out of that but when the subsequent Judiciary Committee hearings were opened to his team and him, he declined. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., has been holding up sending the articles of impeachment to the Republican-controlled Senate, which would hold a trial where Trump almost certainly will be acquitted. She says she wants more clarity about what a trial will look like. TRUMP, retweeting a “Team Trump” claim that his health care policy is working in part because “pre-existing conditions covered.” — tweet Tuesday. THE FACTS: Not really. People with preexisting medical problems have health insurance protections because of Obama’s health care law, which Trump is trying to dismantle. One of Trump’s major alternatives to Obama’s law — short-term health insurance — doesn’t have to cover preexisting conditions. Meanwhile, his administration has been pressing in court for full repeal of the Obama-era law, including provisions that protect people with preexisting conditions from health insurance discrimination. Republicans say they’d put new protections in place, but they haven’t spelled them out. With “Obamacare” still in place, preexisting conditions continue to be covered by regular individual health insurance plans. Insurers must take all applicants, regardless of medical history, and charge the same standard premiums to healthy people and those who had medical problems before or when they signed up. Before the Affordable Care Act, any insurer could deny coverage — or charge more — to anyone with a preexisting condition who was seeking to buy an individual policy. Associated Press writers Ricardo Alonso-Zaldivar and Eric Tucker contributed to this report. EDITOR’S NOTE — A look at the veracity of claims by political figures. Find AP Fact Checks at http://apne.ws/2kbx8bd Follow @APFactCheck on Twitter: https://twitter.com/APFactCheck More Political Stories by MEG KINNARD, Associated Press / Jan 20, 2020 COLUMBIA, S.C. (AP) — In the closing days before the first votes are cast in the Democratic presidential contest, the party's leading hopefuls are splitting their time between the critical early-voting states South Carolina and Iowa at events celebrating Martin Luther King Jr. Day. While Iowa and New Hampshire Democrats vote first for their nominee, South Carolina's first-in-the-South primary is a crucial proving ground for a candidate's mettle with black voters. The state's showcase holiday celebration, Columbia's King Day at the Dome, is a notable and highly visible event for a Democratic politician. The festivities are marked by a march through the streets of downtown Columbia and a rally at the Statehouse. Today's Forecast / 22 mins ago Three Buffalo connections on AFC Champion Chiefs roster Buffalo / 3 mins ago

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US drinking more now than just before Prohibition by: MIKE STOBBE, Associated Press Posted: Jan 14, 2020 / 01:05 PM EST / Updated: Jan 14, 2020 / 01:05 PM EST FILE – In this June 16, 2016, file photo, bottles of wine are displayed during a tour of a state liquor store, in Salt Lake City. According to federal health statistics, Americans are drinking more now than when Prohibition was enacted a century earlier. What’s more, it’s been rising for two decades, and it’s not clear when it will fall again. (AP Photo/Rick Bowmer, File) NEW YORK (AP) — Americans are drinking more now than when Prohibition was enacted. What’s more, it’s been rising for two decades, and it’s not clear when it will fall again. That’s the picture painted by federal health statistics, which show a rise in per-person consumption and increases in emergency room visits, hospitalizations and deaths tied to drinking. The stats aren’t all bad. Drinking among teenagers is down. And there are signs that some people are taking alcohol seriously — such as the “Dry January” movement making the rounds on social media. But overall, public health experts say America still has a drinking problem. “Consumption has been going up. Harms (from alcohol) have been going up,” said Dr. Tim Naimi, an alcohol researcher at Boston University. “And there’s not been a policy response to match it.” HOW MUCH DO AMERICANS DRINK? In the late 1910s, just before Congress banned the sale and manufacture of alcoholic beverages, each American teen and adult was downing just under 2 gallons of alcohol a year on average. These days it’s about 2.3 gallons, according to federal calculations. That works out to nearly 500 drinks, or about nine per week. Historians say drinking was heaviest in the early 1800s, with estimates that in 1830 the average U.S. adult downed the equivalent of 7 gallons a year. That waned as the temperance movement pushed for moderation, abstinence and, later, a national ban on the manufacture and sale of alcohol. In 1919, Congress passed the 18th Amendment, instituting the ban. It went into effect on January 17, 1920 — 100 years ago, this Friday — and lasted 13 years. In 1934, a year after Prohibition was repealed, per-capita consumption was under 1 gallon. It’s been up and down since then. The apex was a heavy-drinking spell in the 1970s and 1980s, when U.S. per-person alcohol consumption was 2.75 gallons. It went down in the mid-1980s, amid growing attention to deaths from drunken driving and after Congress passed a law raising the drinking age to 21. But it began climbing again in the mid-1990s. “I think people sort of forgot all the problems (with alcohol),” said William Kerr, senior scientist at the California-based Public Health Institute’s Alcohol Research Group. WHY IS ALCOHOL CONSIDERED A PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM? Excessive drinking is associated with chronic dangers such as liver cancer, high blood pressure, stroke and heart disease. Drinking by pregnant women can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth or birth defects. And health officials say alcohol is a factor in as many as one-third of serious falls among the elderly. It’s also a risk to others — through drunken driving or alcohol-fueled violence. And research based on surveys suggests that more than half of the alcohol sold in the U.S. is consumed during episodes of binge drinking. More than 88,000 Americans die each year as a result of excessive drinking, a figure higher than the opioid-related deaths seen in a current drug overdose epidemic, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This month, researchers at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism released a different calculation of alcohol-related deaths. They scanned death certificates from over two decades to search for mention of alcohol. The numbers were lower, at a little under 73,000 in 2017. The researchers said death certificates can be incomplete, and their number is likely an undercount. The more important finding, other researchers said, was that the number of alcohol-related deaths had doubled since 1999, and the death rate had risen 50%. Some or much of that may be related to the increasingly deadly drugs used in the overdose epidemic, since many people drink while taking drugs, said Aaron White, the study’s lead researcher. WHAT’S DRIVING THE INCREASES? About three-quarters of alcohol-related deaths are in men. But drinking among women — particularly binge drinking — has been a major driver of the increases in alcohol statistics. White’s study found that the female death rate jumped 85%, while the male rate rose 39%. The highest alcohol-related death rates for women were among those ages 55 to 74, that research found. But increases were seen in younger women, too. Binge drinking is swinging up most dramatically among women, other research has found. Researchers say there’s been a change in cultural attitudes toward drinking, including among many women. Internet memes popular with stressed-out moms call wine “mommy juice” and joke about it being “wine o’clock.” ISN’T A LITTLE BIT OF WINE GOOD FOR YOU? Wine acquired a bit of a halo after some researchers observed that French people had lower rates of heart disease despite generally consuming high levels of saturated fat. This “French Paradox” triggered studies that suggested drinking a glass or two of red wine may have some benefits for heart health. But increasingly, other researchers have poked holes in the hypothesis, arguing that lifestyle, diet and other factors probably deserve far more credit. After climbing for 24 years, U.S. wine consumption dipped last year, according to the research firm IWSR Drinks Market Analysis. “I think the halo has tilted or fallen off,” Naimi said. “But,” he added, “for most people who drink alcohol, health is not their primary consideration.” The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives supportfrom the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. Police: At least 2 dead, 15 injured in Kansas City shooting by CNN Newsource / Jan 20, 2020 (CNN) - At least two people are dead and 15 others hurt in a shooting at a Kanas City lounge. Police say someone opened fire on a group of people waiting in line to get in shortly before midnight late Sunday night. by DARLENE SUPERVILLE Associated Press / Jan 20, 2020 AUSTIN, Texas (AP) — President Donald Trump thanked farmers Sunday for supporting him through a trade war with China as he promoted a new North American trade agreement and a separate one with China that he said will massively benefit farmers. “We did it,” Trump said, recalling his campaign promises to improve America's trading relationships with other countries.

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Kanye West Ditched Fashion Week to Debut New Yeezy at a Pornhub Awards Show by Kyle Munzenrieder Edward Berthelot/GC Images Funny to think that it wasn't that long ago that Kanye West's Yeezy shows were one of the most talked about events during New York Fashion Week. Then came the infamous Yeezy Season 4 show back in 2016. That was the one held on Roosevelt Island, where editors were held up in buses without water and delayed for hours during one of the busiest work weeks of their year. Models fainted in the sweltering sun. Several others tripped or took off their shoes on the runway. Suddenly, Yeezy shows weren't quite the hot ticket, at least among the fashion establishment. West staged one more pared-back show at NYFW afterward, but otherwise, the man and his brand have sat out traditional fashion weeks ever since in favor of drops and surprise Internet-facing unveilings (like the time he enlisted a small army of women pretending to be his wife, Kim Kardashian West. Well, West staged a fashion show, of sorts, for the first time in over a year and a half last night at a destination far, far away from the catwalks of New York Fashion Week's Spring Studios: the first annual PornHub awards in Los Angeles, for which West was cocreative director. Instead of models and It girls, the clothing was instead displayed on numerous notable adult actresses who didn't mind that a theme of freeing the nipple was a recurring motif of the collection. Otherwise, the dresses shown were more or less in tune with previous Yeezy seasons: muted pastel monotones, curve-hugging cuts, and a fair amount of slouchy knee-high boots and PVC heels. Several of the models posted their looks on Twitter as well (and in the spirit of you keeping your job, we should inform you that thanks to Twitter's relatively laissez-faire attitude toward content regulation, clicking through to an adult model's full profile is probably not the best idea). Though this may be a fashion line's fullest embrace of the adult industry so far, it is not the first time a porn star has debuted designer wares. Most famously, Karl Lagerfeld cast Italian porn star Moana Pozzi in an early '90s Fendi show, to some degree of controversy at the time. Thierry Mugler also once employed male porn star Jeff Stryker to walk one of his shows alongside none other than Ivana Trump. Vivienne Westwood also once used a gay male porn star in a campaign. So we're not exactly without precedent here. In fact, the biggest controversy seems to be among some of the adult actresses themselves. West not only debuted new Yeezy gowns but also unleashed a limited-edition capsule collection commemorating winners of certain categories. The women's likenesses are rendered by Shadi Al-Atallah, the same artist who painted West's wife and her sisters for the recent single cover art for his song "XTCY" (you know, the one where he raps about wanting to "smash" his sister-in-laws). Turns out, however, that some of the women aren't pleased that Yeezy is profiting off their images and, in some cases, trademarked stage names. Lena Paul, one of the actresses on the shirts, does seem to indicate that she's not getting a cut of the $75 shirt. Mia Malkova, another actress on one of the shirts, doesn't seem to mind, however. Of course, it just goes to show you how we've evolved as a society. Once merely casting a porn actor in a fashion show was considered scandalous. Now we're more worried about sex workers' likenesses and personal brands being economically exploited. Fashion Week kanye west yeezy

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Mac Miller on Coachella, Girlfriend Ariana Grande, and Settling Into His Happy Place by Ryma Chikhoune Roger Ho. Courtesy of Coachella Valley Music & Arts Festival 2017 It’s good to be Mac Miller these days. On the heels of playing his favorite gig to date—that is, Coachella—the prolific rapper, who introduced us to his singing voice on his 2016 album, The Divine Femine, is back in the studio, working on his next project. “I’m at the point where I have no idea what I’m doing, which is the most fun, because I literally go into the studio and do anything,” he said Sunday afternoon, during the second weekend of the music festival. At 25, the Pittsburgh native has only grown more mature, as has his sound. He was only 18, after all, when he broke through in 2010 on the success of hits like “Nikes on My Feet” (more than 47 million YouTube views and counting) from his fourth mixtape, K.I.D.S., and later, “Best Day Ever” and “Donald Trump” (approximately 127 million views), followed by the release of his debut album, Blue Slide Park, which surprised those who didn’t catch on to the digital hype when it hit number one on the charts a year later. But those early days of hard partying—and rapping about partying—are behind him, for now. His new drug? Love, the theme explored throughout his latest release. It was his third time at Coachella, but his first as a performer, and with The Divine Feminine behind him, he was able to reflect on what’s transpired since its release. And while he is by nature candid, the beaming spotlight—intensified by girlfriend Ariana Grande—has made him more guarded than ever, as he contends with the increasing lack of privacy when it comes to certain aspects of his life, especially his sobriety or lack thereof, and his relationship with Grande. Here, he shares his current state of mind. How has this second weekend [of Coachella] differed from the first? What’s funny is weekend one, before the show, I was really nervous. I have this mindset that with every show almost, that’s it going to be horrible. I’m like, ‘This is gonna suck, I’m gonna forget all the words. No one is gonna like me.’ So, for the first [weekend], there was a lot of ‘Holy shit, this is happening, and it’s going really well.’ And it was less being comfortable on stage and more in shock. Weekend two, I liked it a lot, because I felt much more comfortable and in control. Like, I stopped a song to catch my breath and talk to the crowd. It was less, ‘Make sure everything is perfect’ and more, ‘Just have fun.’ A lot of artists come in and out of Coachella. What made you stick around after your set? What performances have you seen? Well, one of the illest parts about this whole thing is I have a free ticket to go see as many people that I want. It’s a weekend, just f---ing go through it, stay in the f---ing sun, and go see people. I saw Radiohead, which was awesome, because I’ve had this thing where we’ve been playing a bunch of the same festivals, and I keep not being able to see them. Weekend one, the sound difficulties happened, so finally [yesterday] I got to see a full Radiohead set, and that was awesome. Thundercat is one of my best friends in the world, and it was the first time I ever saw him perform, and it was beautiful. Are you watching from the side of the stage? Here’s the thing, the side of the stage is the worst place to watch a show—the worst. The only thing that’s cool about the side of the stage is whoever is performing, you see a little bit more of their perspective. But as far as hearing and seeing, you gotta be in the front. Your most recent album, The Divine Feminine, started out as a 5-song EP. What was the moment that made you think, “I want to keep going with this”? I think when I made “Dang!” I had “Dang!” and “Congratulations,” and I think I was just having a lot of fun creating. It was the type of thing where there were more types of songs to make related to the topic at hand. Yeah, love. It’s funny, because I feel like my best albums start as EPs, because to me, I feel no pressure. Like, here’s an idea, I’m just gonna do it, and then I love it and just flush it out. Which ones started as EPs? Two of them, this one and Watching Movies [with the Sound Off]. There’s a certain element of freedom, when you’re making an EP. The word 'album' is kind of scary. It’s kind of like, "Holy shit, this is a piece of the thing, and if it doesn’t do well, blah blah blah," and all these terrible non-music related things. But when you’re like, "I’m making an EP," it’s a little more like, "I’m gonna make music and enjoy it." Beyond love, you’ve said the album is also about the things you’ve learned from women. What’s the biggest lesson you’ve learned from women? I think the biggest thing I’ve learned from women is talking about my vulnerabilities and insecurities as being a strength rather than—I think when you’re young in relationships, you’re like, "I’m not gonna say anything cause I gotta be cool. I gotta act like a man," you know what I mean? Learning to express that kind of stuff. Coachella 2017: Crop Tops, Florals and the Best Street Style From the Ancestral Homeland of Festival Fashion Photo by Emily Malan. Speaking of vulnerability. You’re singing [on the new album], something you’ve never done before. What made you go for it? Was it something you always did on the side? I have so many songs that I always made for myself. I’ve been singing since I was 10 years old, and I always hated my voice. When I got my own studio, it wasn’t like, "Okay you have two hours to make a song." I could just do whatever I wanted. I made a lot of these songs, and they just never came out. They were always just to listen to or to send to people that I know. It was just this moment where I stopped chasing something. In a career, you want this album to sell more than the one before, and you want to play bigger and bigger stages and all this stuff, but I just let go of that and was like, "What do I wanna do?" It’s like sky diving—just f---ing do it. And it feels good. It’s a nice release. And also learning that people are gonna either love or hate it regardless of what you do. It doesn’t matter. I just wanted to do it, and I’m glad I did. I don’t know what it means for the future, how much more I do and what I do, but I’m just really happy I made that move. What’s been a highlight for you since the album came out? This. [Laughs] That’s my favorite show that I’ve ever played in my life. I’m so comfortable with the band with me. You have these incredible, talented musicians to fall back on, and it’s so mind-blowing to just hear things that you’ve created, interpreted and taken further. I don’t know if you google yourself, but other than Coachella news, there was a lot about you and Ariana [Grande] sharing a kiss on stage. I thought, Oh, they’re out there, open. Yeah, it’s very chill. I don’t know, man. I think, we’re just chillin’. It’s whatever. That’s not the real world. What made you want Ariana as the female vocalist for the first single, “My Favorite Part”? That’s what I love hearing her on—simple, melodic things, where her voice is in the front of everything. After we did “The Way” so long ago, we never did a record, I never got her on anything. I made it, and I don’t know, it was kind of cosmic. When I’m doing collaborations, I always try and think of what I would like to hear somebody on, whether it be their normal style of music or not. I would say, that might be of the things I could call my strengths, looking beyond what’s there. The video just came out for the newest single, “Cinderella." How did the concept come together? I did it with Bo [Mirosseni], and he’s really awesome to work with. A lot of times, the storylines get lost, no one knows what the f--- is going on. As long as it’s shot beautifully, and we know what’s going on, I’m good. It was a long time in the making. We shot it all in a day. You’re constantly dealing with fans wanting to hear certain, earlier songs, like “Donald Trump,” for example. How do you balance what the crowd wants to hear and what you want to play? [When Miller wrote "Donald Trump," released in 2011, Trump was nothing more than a symbol of wealth, Miller has explained. After its release, Trump threatened to sue Miller for using his name without consent. “It was just announced that @MacMiller’s song Donald Trump went platinum—tell Mac Miller to kiss my ass!” Trump tweeted back in 2013.] I think I’m very selfish in that department. If I don’t enjoy it, I’m not gonna do it. I dealt with a tour one time, where I played so much shit that wasn’t what I was known for that people would walk out during the set. For me, I just don't want someone to see me having a bad time. I want it to be genuine and for the whole interaction to be authentic. I only really play what I wanna play. Sometimes, I’ll be in a really good mood and play f---ing “Knock Knock,” which is a song from 2010. It’s funny, though, because sometimes I’ll be wrong. Like I went to South Africa, and I was like, "You know what I’ve gotta play my old shit, because I’ve never been here," so I play a bunch of old shit and everyone was like, "No." And I played new shit, and they’re like, "Yeah!" So I just have to do what I wanna do, and I make sure I put on a good show, what I think is a good show. And if someone comes for something else, that’s their prerogative, but as long as I think I’m satisfied, I think that’s the kind of relationship I have with my fans where I kind of lead the way. What were you most excited about playing this weekend? I love doing “Dang!” cause there’s this really awesome drum part that happens at the end. “Weekend” is another one of my favorites to perform, but there's something about “When In Rome” with the band, it’s the closer, and it’s such a f---ing epic moment. Just adding a band in there, we’re like f---ing Metallica. I’m doing “Dang!” which is a love song and very relaxing and fun, and then all the sudden I’m Metallica for a second, and that’s great. I’d say those two. Looking back on your earlier days, what was that one moment that put you on that next level, you think? I guess for me, it’s a lot of continuous next levels. Like, yeah, in 2010, I was able to tour three days after I dropped K.I.D.S., and I was touring around the country when I was 19, but I think the moment for me is when I moved out to L.A., got my house, and built my own studio, and I realized that I can steer this shit in whatever way I wanna go. What are you looking forward to most right now? This is the best part of creating. No matter what, that’s always the greatest thing. Shows are awesome, being able to travel is great, and getting paid to make music is a ridiculous ... idea. I’m at the point where I have no idea what I’m doing, which is the most fun, because I literally go into the studio and do anything. Just like, ‘I’m gonna make this kind of song, I feel like rapping today, I’m gonna rap.’ I’m at this point where it’s just free-form, Jackson Pollock throwing shit against the wall. And that’s just exciting to me, to not have any type of structure, no tracklist. You’ve been very open about your sobriety. Is it strange that it’s out there in public? You know what, it’s funny because this is what I realize, I’m learning more and more what I want to share and what I don’t. Because I’m always just like—I sit down in interviews, and I just talk, and there’s no thought in my head of like, Don’t say that. Someone asks a question, and I’m like, "Yeah, da da da da da," and all the sudden we’re talking about issues I had with my dog that made me cry. I don’t know. But, I’ve spent a good time very sober and now I’m just, like, living regularly. I think it’s important. I don’t believe in absolute anything, but I think not sharing that type of information, because it becomes like, "Oh he’s sober, oh he’s not, oh he has a beer, oh my god." I just realized some things are important to just keep for yourself. That was a learning experience. But it was important to let everyone know that I wasn’t doing f---ing crazy amounts of hard drugs. That was good to get out there. Coachella 2017: Ranking Celebrities' Festival Looks, From Least Coachella to Most Coachella Coachella: One shoulder is exposed; a choker. Not Coachella: Essentially everything else. This look is far too formal for the laid back nature of the fest. Coachella: Easy sundress; hoop earrings. Not Coachella: This ladylike dress reads more church than crowd-surfing. Plus, imagine how dirty it’ll get. Coachella: Relaxed denim; hoop earrings; anklet. Not Coachella: This ensemble is rooted in understated simplicity, which is not very typical of festival fashion. Coachella: Tinted glasses, abs. Not Coachella: The singer looks ready to workout, not rage to Lorde. Coachella: Neon hair; ankle boots. Not Coachella: By normal standards, this is Coachella acceptable; but this is Kylie Jenner we’re talking about. We expect more. Coachella: Sneakers; fanny pack; hoop earrings. Not Coachella: There is a case to be made for uniform dressing, but this baggy jumpsuit is another story. Jerod Harris Coachella: Baggy t-shirt; floral prints. Not Coachella: The florals read more tropical than festival, and those knee-high boots are not exactly the most practical footwear. Coachella: A bra as a top; neon sunglasses. Not Coachella: Fur; skinny jeans; heels. Coachella: Off-the-shoulder; cross-body bag; fashion-y sandals. Not Coachella: It all seems a bit too put together for Coachella. Coachella: Off-the-shoulder; jorts; sneakers. Not Coachella: Again, this look is a bit subdued for a Jenner at Cochella. Coachella: Sunglasses; white crochet; ankle boots. Not Coachella: Roberts could have worn this look anywhere in LA. Coachella: Bright color; slip dress; sunglasses; embellishments. Not Coachella: Heels; leather. Coachella: Maxi-dress; floppy hat; chain belt. Not Coachella: Like Bosworth, this look is just slightly too put together. But only slightly. Coachella: Novelty sunglasses; jorts; pink hair. Not Coachella: Not suitable for sitting in the grass. Coachella: Choker; fringe; gladiator sandals. Not Coachella: Camouflage print miniskirt. Camila Mendes and Lili Reinhart Coachella: Tank tops; jorts; sneakers; fanny pack; bandanas. Not Coachella: This is the quintessential Coachella uniform for the non-famous; give the Riverdale stars one more year and they’ll be back with some fringe and floral accessories. Emma McIntyre Coachella: Fringe; white crochet; off-the-shoulder. Not Coachella: It’s not all that practical, but then again the model is likely only in VIP tents and not lounging on the grass. Coachella: Romper; off-the-shoulder; floppy hat; pigtails; sunglasses; chokers; ankle boots. Not Coachella: Seems almost a bit too formulaic, no? Coachella: Flannel; overall shorts; chainmail; face paint. Not Coachella: Knee-high boots. Coachella: Top knot; tinted glasses; bodychain; sneakers; jorts; extraneous belt; fringe. Not Coachella: The look is very, very color coordinated. Coachella: Floppy hat; novelty sunglasses; maxi skirt; off-the shoulder; crop top; sneakers. Not Coachella: A choker would have really put this outfit over the edge. Coachella: Double top knots; hair glitter; bikini as shirt; floral print; loose pants; sneakers; tinted glasses; Nylon backdrop. Not Coachella: Nothing. Congratulations, Delilah Belle, you are the most Coachella celebrity of Coachella 2017. What have you been listening to lately? Anything Frank [Ocean]’s been putting out has been amazing. Kendrick [Lamar]’s album is amazing. Solange’s album I’ll listen to forever, all The Internet and their solo stuff. Little Dragon’s new album is really awesome. I listen to whatever. It doesn’t necessarily inspire you for your next project? Sometimes. Oh yeah, like Thundercat’s album. It’s funny how that works, because I’ve opened myself up to be so versatile in what I do, like the fact that I sing or I’ll do this or do that. A lot of the times listening to music will have a huge effect on where I go in the studio, because, say for instance, I watched Lee Fields & The Expressions, so it’s like, you listen to that, you’re like, Man that’s what I need to do, like I need to do some shit like that. But then I go watch [Schoolboy] Q’s set or listen to Kendrick [Lamar], and I’ll be like, "Oh yeah, I rap," so it’s interesting. So, yeah, it does have an effect. It puts you in a mood. What do you think about the parties surrounding Coachella? Many people come just for the parties and not the festival. It’s a thing. This is what’s funny as f---. I’ve come to Coachella before, I mean, I never miss shows, but like, you know, I end up at someone’s party at five in the morning. That’s happened to me. I’ve been that guy. There was one time where everywhere I went, Kanye was there performing “All Day,” and it was the greatest night ever. It was this thing where you couldn’t go somewhere that Kanye wasn’t performing “All Day.” But now, it hits midnight, and after the headliner, and I’m like "You guys are going where? I’m going to bed. What are you doing?" You know what I mean. But dude, more power f---ing to you. Whatever, man. If you wanna come just to Coachella parties, and that’s your thing, do your thing. Whatever gets your clock ticking is good with me. What does the rest of your day look like? What performances are you seeing? Let’s see, what do I want to see? Hans Zimmer. F---ing Hans Zimmer really badly. I wanna go check out Kaytranada and Kendrick [Lamar]. I have to see Kendrick. [In a grand voice:] Let it be known, that, you know what I mean, Kendrick used to open up for me, it’s really nice to see him out here doing well. [Laughs] Yeah, man, I’m just excited to see shows. I’m a trooper. Just give me a bottle of water and a place to stand. See what's trending on W video: [#cneembed: embedjs/557f3dae61646d4fd9160000/playlist/58caab1cfd2e6125e5000001.js?autoplay=1&muted=1]|||||| Ariana Grande coachella coachella 2017 Mac Miller

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Tag Archives: Amazon Vidya Game News – May 19, 2016 – As Kotaku’s Luke Plunkett types in his write-up, Sega’s game testing training videos were peak 1990s, right down to Soundgarden and Nine Inch Nails background music. – From Polygon’s Allegra Frank, a remake of cult classic Wild Guns is coming out for the PS4! – In unnecessary video game movie adaptation news… A Tetris movie is in the pipeline, according to Deadline. And not a documentary about the game’s interested and tangled history, but a science fiction game. A discount film studio has picked up the rights to Atari’s Missile Command and Centipede, also per Deadline. Also, confirming long-standing rumors, Nintendo said it would look to re-enter the ole Hollywood business. – What was the code name for the biggest heroin bust in Delaware’s history? Operation Duck Hunt, of course. Read more via The Sussex County Post. – Nintendo Player has an awesome long read on the recently-unearthed Happily Ever After, a Snow White-based NES game from the early 1990s. The game itself is a generic, Nintendo Hard affair, but the story behind it is fascinating. Plus, the ROM has been made available for free online! – From several sites, a retro 8-bit version of Monopoly, featuring Super Mario Bros., now has a sale slug on Amazon. – Per Gamasutra and several other sites that got the press release, mod support for older Sega games caused them to sell 350,000 copies on Steam since April 28. For the details, click here. – For James and Mike Mondays, the guys play Doom 64, which Steve remembers somewhat fondly from his childhood! If you didn’t have a high-powered PC back in the day, it was a fairly easy way to play the ole game. Also from that site this week, Mike and Bootsy play Pinball for the NES! – In 1997, Eurocom released the Midway arcade game War Gods for the N64. Because the system was so starved for games at various points, it was hyped for months in Nintendo Power, but it ultimately was just a mediocre fighting game. – New Super Mario Bros. now isn’t, as it celebrated its 10th year on May 15. (Note: It’s still an awesome platformer for the DS, though.) – For a brief history in time, people thought they’d get in shape via vidya games. On May 21, 2008, Nintendo came out with Wii Fit and the Wii balance board. Both the balance board and the Wii are now probably in your closet. – The year after Wii Fit, Next Level Games dropped a remake of Punch-Out!! for the Wii. While it was well-received, it wasn’t the iconic game that the original was. Posted in: Arcade, Nintendo 64, Nintendo DS, PC, Sega Genesis, SNES, Steam, Vidya Games News, Wii | Tagged: Allegra Frank, Amazon, Atari, Bootsy, Centipede, Cinemassacre, David Sheff, Delaware, Doom, Doom 64, Duck Hunt, Eurocom, Gamasutra, Game Over, Happily Ever After, heroin, James and Mike Mondays, Kotaku, Luke Plunkett, Midway, Missile Command, Monopoly, Natsume, New Super Mario Bros., Next Level Games, Nine Inch Nails, Nintendo, Nintendo Player, Nintendo Power, Pinball, Polygon, Punch-Out, Sega, Snow White, Soundgarden, Steam, Super Mario Bros., Tetris, The Angry Video Game Nerd, The Sussex County Post, War Gods, Wii Fit, Wild Guns, Wild Guns Reloaded Vidya Game News – December 10, 2015 Not much news this week, so really, focus on some holiday shopping! Can I recommend our linkthrough via Amazon? It doesn’t add anything to your purchase price, and it kicks some cash to us. We promise to use the money on inappropriate gaming purchases, like Cool Spot. – Geek.com and some other sites bring up that the original Super Mario Bros. theme DOES have words. Check them out here. – From various fashion sites, there is now a Mario and Nintendo-themed Italian fashion line. Read more and check out some photos here. – IGN’s Jared Petty has an interview with Shaq on Shaq Fu. Also, a new trailer for the game has come out. And as always, check out our past episode on Shaq Fu. – From The Escapist, “5 Video Game Consoles That Almost Hit The Market.” Read it here! – In 1993, DOOM was released, and pretty much became the first megahit for the first-person shooter genre. It expanded on the gameplay of Wolfenstein 3D, and features more weapons and more enemies to blow up real good! Thanks id! – Breath of Fire 2 came out for the SNES in 1995. Steve was one of 10 people who owned this obscure console RPG! It was better in some ways than the first, since it had a town you could recruit people to, but there was soooo much level grinding, and the game would often leave you no clue about how to do things. Re-releases for the Game Boy Advance and other systems made it much more playable. Posted in: NES, PC, SNES, Vidya Games News | Tagged: Amazon, Breath of Fire 2, Capcom, Cool Spot, Doom, Geek.com, id Software, IGN, Jared Petty, John Markley, Moschino, Nintendo, Shaq Fu, Shaquille O’Neal, Super Mario Bros., The Escapist, Wolfenstein 3D Episode 013 – Comix Zone (1995) By sgreenwell on July 27, 2015 | 1 Comment Comix Zone (1995) This week in Your Parents Basement, we’re getting transported into an alternate dimension to fight comic book monsters! We’re playing Comix Zone on the Sega Genesis, a game with awesome artwork but frustrating play issues. You can manually download this week’s podcast here, or subscribe to the show via the iTunes store. To manually subscribe, use this link in the device / podcast player of choice. You can also follow us on Twitter, or ‘like’ us on Facebook. As always, if you like the show, support us by buying from Amazon! You can use this link to go to Amazon, and any purchase you make will kick a couple bucks to the show, as no extra cost to you. It’s a win-win! 0:00 – The intro, which features the main title theme from Comix Zone. 37:50 – The ole YPB email box! 1:01:45 – The snifferoo for next week’s episode. – We mention the Japanese box art on the show, which is shared by Brisket. You can find it here. It’s not NSFW, but it’s not exactly normal either. – Also at several points, we mention the music video for “Take On Me” by A-ha, which you can read about on Wikipedia here. If you’ve somehow never seen it, it is on YouTube. – Want to see a ridiculous speedrun of Comix Zone in 12:36? As usual, YouTube delivers. – Interested in Game Center CX? You should be, it’s oddly hypnotizing to watch! Arino’s challenge of Comix Zone is here. – Comix Zone starts at around $10 on Amazon, although the box and manual adds around $20 to the purchase price. As we said on the show, the game is available on Steam and online console stores for $3 and $5, respectively. Posted in: PC, Playstation 3, Podcasts, Sega Genesis, Steam, Wii U, Xbox 360, YPB Volume I | Tagged: A-ha, Amazon, Butterscoot, Comix Zone, Doom, Duke Nukem 3D, emails, Half-Life 3, Huell, Pippenz, Scooterbutt, Sega, Steve, Take On Me, Todd, Valve, Vectorman Episode 012 – R.C. Pro Am 1 and 2 (1987 and 1992) By sgreenwell on July 20, 2015 | 2 Comments R.C. Pro Am 1 and 2 (1987 and 1992) This week in Your Parents Basement, we’re vrooming past wet spots and through oil slicks, as we avoid bombs dropped by planes! R.C. Pro Am 1 from 1987 is the main topic of conversation, along with Nintendo Power’s NES game of 1993 – which was actually released in December 1992 – R.C. Pro Am 2! Also this week, we have ole friend and big fan Pippenz as a guest, and a very special guest toward the end of the sow. We’re also looking for a guest for next week’s show, Comix Zone for the Genesis. If you’re interested in joining the recording, send us an email or comment on one of those social media sites. 0:00 – The intro, which features the main title theme. 32:45 – The YPB boys are joined by a very special guest! 38:15 – Emails. More dark thoughts from Butterscoot, Scooterbutt and Kristina Ricci. 53:30 – Snifferoo. – As mentioned on the show, R.C. Pro Am is one of 30 games featured on Rare Replay, which is scheduled to release on Aug. 4 for the Xbox One. Other highlights are the Banjo games, Perfect Dark and the Battletoads games. It’s going for $29.99 to preorder on Amazon. – A perfect play of the 24 base tracks in R.C. Pro Am can be seen on YouTube here. It’s utterly ridiculous. – When it comes to the sequel, it was covered by the Angry Video Game Nerd in James and Mike Mondays a little while ago. It doesn’t look like anyone has cared enough to upload a proper speedrun to YouTube, but there is a longplay here. – NES Guide, a good resource for that system, has a list of racing games for the system. This forum post at Atari Age is also useful, since it lumps them into single and multiplayer games. As mentioned on the pod, Excitebike was the first to come out, in October 1985, followed by Mach Rider in August 1986, which was more of a mixture of shooting and arcade racer. Square’s Rad Racer came out in October 1987, which was then followed by R.C. Pro Am in February 1988. – There is a Genesis version of R.C. Pro Am, and it’s essentially an enhancement of the original. Records are saved and what not, which helps too, I’m sure. However, it came out in 1992, when the racing scene was crowded with other, better games. – On Amazon, the first game is around $10, but the second goes for a premium – between $65 and $100. eBay is a bit more reasonable on the first, with $3 to $10 for just the cart, and $18 to $25 if you want the box and manual. The second game still goes for $35 to $100, for just the cart, and the only box and manual and cart combo is $213.74. The Genesis version is $5 to $10, even with the box and manual. Posted in: NES, Podcasts, Sega Genesis, Xbox One, YPB Volume I | Tagged: Amazon, Butterscoot, Comix Zone, eBay, emails, Excitebike, Huell, Kristina Ricci, Nintendo, Pippenz, R.C. Pro Am, R.C. Pro Am 1, R.C. Pro Am 2, Rare, Rare Replay, Scooterbutt, Sega, Steve, Todd Vidya Game News – July 9, 2015 By sgreenwell on July 9, 2015 | Leave a comment Holy crap, a Nintendo Playstation! First, some important show-related news! You can now support us whenever you’re making a purchase on Amazon. Got something to buy? Do it via this link, and we’ll get a cut of your sale, at no extra cost to you. It can be for any goods, even non-vidya game stuff, and we’d definitely appreciate it! (Let us know if you make a purchase, and you’ll get a shout-out on the show. ❤ ) Surprisingly, even though we’re now in the dog days of summer, it was a great week for news. The biggest of which… – A prototype of the 1991 collaboration between Nintendo and Sony on a CD-based system has been unearthed [right]. Polygon’s Brian Crecente had a good interview with the guy who found it, and that’s also where the picture comes from. That system eventually became the Playstation. (And to hype that Amazon thingy once again, there is an awesome breakdown of the rise and fall of Sega, and how Sony’s Playstation factored in, via Console Wars.) Some folks online aren’t convinced the prototype is real, but no one official has come out strongly to refute it. – Speaking of failed Nintendo projects, Jon Fingas from Engadget details how Project H.A.M.M.E.R. became vaporware over the course of six years of painful development. – Have you ever played Missile Command, Centipede or Asteroids and thought, “Man, wouldn’t this be cooler as a graphic novel???” … Okay, me neither. But hey, Dynamite Entertainment has you covered, via an article from UK Wired’s Matt Kamen. – A neat feature, if you like readin’, from Matt Gander at Games Asylum. In “We’ve Got Issues,” he covers the Dreamcast magazine wars of the United Kingdom. – I must begrudgingly give credit to Food and Wine’s millennial section for featuring “the ultimate bar setup for Nintendo nerds.” It includes Mario pipe shot glasses, Legend of Zelda ice cube trays and NES Zapper bottle openers. – The Wizard’s Castle was released in 1980. Like many other games “featured” in this here blog in July, well, there really wasn’t much to choose from in terms of releases. However, the awesome CRPG Addict has an exhaustive review of the game available. It should not be confused with the wonderful Home Movies episode “The Wizard’s Baker.” – Cryptic Studios was incorporated in 2000. They’re the makers of popular online multiplayer games City of Heroes and spinoff City of Villains. Video game history information comes from GameFAQs and Moby Games. Posted in: Atari 2600, Dreamcast, PC, Playstation, Sega Genesis, SNES, Vidya Games News | Tagged: Amazon, Asteroids, Atari, Blake Harris, Brian Crecente, Centipede, City of Heroes, City of Villains, Console Wars, Cryptic Studios, Dynamite Entertainment, Engadget, Food and Wine, Games Asylum, Legend of Zelda, Matt Gander, Matt Kamen, Missile Command, Nintendo, Polygon, Project HAMMER, Sega, Sony, The CRPG Addict, The Wizard’s Castle, Wired, Zapper

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Freida Pinto urges people to act on climate change The documentary will be premiered on Tuesday. Mumbai: Ahead of the premiere of "Wild Edens: South Asia" documentary in India, actress Freida Pinto urged people to "focus on the planet before the effects of global warming become absolutely irreversible". The documentary highlights the issue of climate change with an emphasis on the unique and delicate habitats of India and Bangladesh and the region's rarest and most spectacular wildlife, read a statement. So being an ambassador of the "Wild Edens: South Asia" project, Freida said: "We all share a common vision that humankind has to be inspired to focus on the planet before the effects of global warming become absolutely irreversible. "'Wild Edens...' will devote an entire episode to my native country of India. With this, millions of people around the world will have the opportunity to see my country as an exotic mix of wild nature, rare animal life, unique wildlife sanctuaries and magnificent landscapes that are mesmerizing and are also under the threat of dangers of climate change." The documentary will be premiered on Tuesday here. It will air on National Geographic. Freida PintoClimate changeBollywoodWild Edens: South AsiaWild Edens: South Asia documentary Shah Rukh Khan sets out on Dubai adventure to unravel secrets

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Posted By admin - June 22, 2017 4946 3 Comments Anas Baqai, Sports Editor, 6D Muradabad, Former Indian Cricket Captain and Ex-MP from Muradabad, Mohammad Azharuddin recently gave indications that he will be fighting 2019 Loksabha Elections from Muradabad. Azhar had won in Loksabha Seat in year 2009. The congress leaders of the city were looking very happy to see Azharuddin making a comeback in Muradabad. Azhar’s Iftaar Party is being seen as hope in the congress party. Many Congress leaders and many eminent citizen of the city took part in the Iftar Party. Congress leader Begum Noor Bano, who had lost 2014 election from Muradabad, was missing at the Iftaar Party. While speaking to the reporters during his Iftar Party at Nehru Yuva Kendra Azharuddin said that Muradabad, Azhar said that he will be working for the development of Muradabad. He is ready to fight 2019 elections from Muradabad. Azhar expressed his unhappiness over politics on election of the President of India and use of word “Dalit”. He was reacting to BJP propaganda about their Presidential candidate Ramnath Kovind being “dalit.” He said that the president of India is “Indian” and branding President with such racial colour is unconstitutional. When he was asked about Anil Kumble’s resignation, he said that it was good that Anil resigned. Atlas it will end the feud inside the team and they will play with more coherence. He acknowledged that there had been tiff between Virat and Anil and it could have turned ugly. Anil is a sensible man and he decided to move on. One needs courage to take such decision. When he was asked about Champion’s Trophy loss, Azhar said that India looked invincible during the tournament but Pakistan played well in the final and win. They were better in all the fields. They batted well, they fielded well and they polled well. He though skipped commenting on Indian team’s performance. Azharuddin’s re-entry into Moradabad has kicked the political storm in the Moradabad constituency. The question are all messed up. The Samajwadi Party and Bahujan Samaj Party are taken a back by early start of Azharuddin’s political activity for 2019 Loksabha elections. The local newspapers carried Azharuddin’s Iftar party news with prominence. Azharuddin, a middle order batsman and captained the Indian cricket team in the 1990s, was elected as a member of the Parliament from Moradabad constituency on an Indian National Congress party ticket. In 2014 elections, Azharuddin decided to contest from Tonk-Madhopur in Rajasthan. He had lost against BJP’s Sukhbir Singh Jaunapuria. While, BJP candidate Mr. Sarvesh Kumar Singh won the Muradabad seat with more than 4 lac votes. Congress candidate Begum Noor Bano stood fifth with just 19700 votes. Azharuddin became the captain of the Indian team succeeding Krishnamachari Srikkanth in 1989. He led the Indian team in 47 Test matches and 174 One Day Internationals. He led the team to victory in 90 ODIs, the highest until surpassed by M.S. Dhoni on 2 September 2014. His 14 test match wins as captain was a record until it was beaten by Sourav Ganguly, who has 21 test match wins to his name. Azharuddin was implicated in a cricket match-fixing scandal in 2000 and was banned by BCCI for life. On 8 November 2012, the Andhra Pradesh High Court lifted the ban describing it as “unsustainable.” स्कूल बसों पर मध्य प्रदेश सरकार ने कसी नाकेल! छात्राओं को मिले पिंक ड्रायविंग लायसेंस !

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The following file is the property of the 34th Infantry Division Association and Patrick Skelly, webmaster. Thanks to Patrick and the Association for allowing me to post them here. History, 133rd Infantry Regiment, 34th Infantry Division From 1 September 1944 to 30 September 1944, inclusive. Training Area, Vicinity of Castelfiorentino, Italy From 1 September 1944 to 4 September 1944, the Regiment was in training in small unit problems and specialist training, mountain training, map reading and conditioning marches, also tank and Infantry co-ordination practice problems. Much emphasis was placed on small unit problems and tank and Infantry co-ordination for the future operations to come. The Second Battalion of this Regiment was inspected by Lt. General Mark Clark, on 4 September, while the battalion was participating in training with tanks and the mule pack trains. The General indicated keen interest in the proceedings and expressed his satisfaction of the type of training the Regiment was receiving for the future operations. On 5 September, the Regiment prepared to move in the evening. The first march unit leaving the area at 2100 hours and the last march unit at 2340 hours with the IP at Castelfiorentino. (See overlay No. 1) (Map Italy, 1/100,000, sheets 106, 112, 113) Training Area, Vicinity of Florence, Italy At 0245 hours, 6 September 1944, the entire Regiment closed in at the new training area in the vicinity of Florence after a motor march of some fifteen miles over very dusty roads in complete blackout driving. The Regiment then prepared equipment and supplies for the near future combat operations. A quartering party from each Battalion and each of the companies of the Special Units was sent out north of Florence to search for a new assembly area. From this party, three men were Battle casualties when an "S" mine was set off, killing one enlisted man and wounding the Regimental S-3, Major Warren C. Chapman, and the Headquarters Commandant, 1st Lt. Edward B. Edwards. Many mines were found on the roads and houses blown over the road also trees felled over the road and mined and booby trapped. During the next day the weather was most disagreeable with heavy rains and so the proposed move to the new location north of Florence was called off for the time being. All during this period of time however, the Regiment continued to prepare for future operations, cleaning equipment, hauling supplies, and collecting mules for the operations through the mountains. Five enlisted men from Headquarters Company, 3rd Battalion were killed when their peep hit a mint in the road. The Regiment received forty one rotation replacements and two officers during the period. On this date, 8 September, the Regiment, less the Service Company and the Regimental S-1 Section, moved to the vicinity of Cercina (809777), a movement of ten miles over very rough and dusty roads. The Regiment passed to IP at 2100 hours and closed in at the new area at 0400 hours, 9 September 1944. Battle for the Gothic Line. [Time flow is not sequential, hence confusing, in the period 9-11 September 1944.] Celebrating Salerno Day, 9 September 1944, the Regiment was given an informal presentation of decorations and awards by Major General Charles L. Bolte, Commanding General of the 34th Infantry Division. Twenty decorations and awards were presented by the General, consisting of the following: 1 Silver Star, 12 Bronze Stars, 6 Division Citations, and 1 Italian Bronze Medal for Valor, which was presented to the Regimental Commander, Colonel William H. Schildroth, for valor in the liberation of Rome. The Regiment then moved to the vicinity of Legri, less the Service Company, Service train and the Regimental S-1 Section, a distance of twenty three and one half miles over rough and very dusty mountain roads and prepared to attack. (See overlay No. 3, Map, Italy, 1/50,000) One platoon of the First Battalion was motorized and moved in advance of the Regiment and occupied the first objective of the Regiment, Hill 520, without opposition. The Third Battalion then moved up and relieved this platoon of the First Battalion. The First Battalion moved to an assembly area and the Second Battalion moved to the right flank of the Regimental Area of Legri. Thirty two enlisted men and three officers, to be sent to the United States on temporary duty for a thirty day leave were sent to the 34th Division Rear on 10 September 1944. On this date the Service Company and Regimental S-1 Section moved up to the location of the Regimental Command Post at Legri, from the vicinity of Florence. The entire Regiment was then in a forward assembly area (See overlay No. 4, Map of Italy, 1/25,000) preparing to attack at 0530 hours the morning of 11 September. (See overlay No. 5, Map of Italy, 1/50,000) The attack started on time with Battalions abreast, the First Battalion of the left, Second Battalion on the right and Third Battalion in reserve following the First Battalion. The First Battalion reached objective Number Eight without opposition and continued on to objective Number Ten. The Second Battalion encountered enemy machine gun fire at 1630 hours but continued to advance. The First Battalion encountered thirty enemy in the vicinity of 705922, had a fire fight with the enemy withdrawing to the north. The First Battalion occupied the objective Number Ten at 2000 hours and proceeded northwest to the Corps boundary. Eight enlisted men of the First Battalion were wounded in the fire fight previously mentioned. The Second Battalion forward elements were on their objective Number Ten at 738930 and in contact with the enemy at 2400 hours. The Third Battalion moved to an assembly area in the vicinity of 750913 and closed in at 2400 hours 9 September 1944. (Map of Italy 106, I and II) The evacuation of the wounded was most difficult. The mountain trail that was used in following the troops with an ambulance became unusable. It took fifteen hours to evacuate a load of casualties over this trail and through river beds and narrow trails over the rugged terrain. Partisans assisted the Medical personnel to guide the ambulances over these little known trails during the night. With the First and Second Battalions abreast and the Third Battalion in Reserve, the Regiment continued the attack with the two leading Battalions approaching the objective Number Ten. At 1800 hours, the First Battalion reported, through the Cannon Company, that they were drawing sniper fire and long range machine gun fire. The Second Battalion was on their objective (738924) at 1815 hours but drawing machine gun fire from 739937. At this time the First Battalion had not reported in for six hours as all communications were out but as resistance was light all along the line, they were believed to be near their objective. The Second Battalion was ordered to gain their objective before dark, outpost it, and patrol to the north. Heavy air support was indicated and this Headquarters was notified on 11 September that there would be five hundred fighters and three hundred bombers over the sector in the next three days, bombing in our advance in the Futa Pass region. Four casualties were reported to have been inflicted on the First Battalion from enemy mortar fire. At 0730 hours, the Third Battalion was moving to a new assembly area in the vicinity of Quaranta. A reconnaissance party from Regimental Headquarters left at 0840 hours to select a new Command Post location further forward because communications were very difficult in spite of the fact that several relay stations were in use. In the morning, Corps G-2 called and reported that reliable civilian reports indicated that the enemy was withdrawing generally towards the north to Bologna, leaving only about one hundred and fifty men to guard the passes in a rear guard action. These reports were later confirmed by prisoners captured from the 356th German Division. At 1120 hours, the First Battalion was ordered to move to a new assembly area (See overlay No. 5) the Second Battalion was ordered to continue to outpost their objective. While the First Battalion was on the move. this Headquarters received a change in plans from the Division G-3. Objective Number Ten was to have been our final objective with the Regiment then being pinched out and the 135th Infantry Regiment taking over this territory. But due to the change in plans, this Regiment was to obtain objective Number Eleven tonight, using vehicles if possible. On the morning of 12 September, this Regiment was to jump off through the 168th Infantry Regiment, heading for objective Number Fourteen (See overlay No. 6). The proposed plan was to march in a column of Battalions. The two lead Battalions, the First and the Second, still in the attack, were now very much nearer objective Number Eleven than any elements of the 168th Infantry Regiment who were supposed to take the objective and it was believed that this Regiment would reach the objective before the 168th Infantry Regiment, making it necessary to pass through them in the morning if the plans were not changed in the meantime. All during the period the 133rd Infantry Regiment had been the furthermost forward unit of the II Corps, which was making the main Fifth Army effort, in fact, this had been the situation since the push started. At 1545 hours, the Regimental forward Command Post closed out and moved to Pimonte, closing in at 1756 hours. (See overlay No. 6) The Third Battalion reported they had picked up an American aviator that had been shot down about two months ago and had been hiding in the hills, aided by friendly civilians since that time. He also reported that he had information on enemy defenses and positions in this sector and it is suspected that this information would greatly aid the Regiment in the advance. At 1800 hours, a Reconnaissance party from Regimental Headquarters left to search for a more forward Command Post location, returning later in the evening with a proposed Command Post location at Montecuccali. The Commanding Officer of the Third Battalion was called by the Regimental Commander at 1800 hours, explaining the situation and also stating that the 168th Infantry Regiment had bogged down and that the Second Battalion of this Regiment was going to take the 168th's objective Number Eleven and that the Third Battalion was to follow the Second Battalion. An hour later, the 168th Infantry Regiment was called asking them to check on their mortar firing as our Second Battalion had men on their objective Number eleven and had been receiving mortar fire which they thought was from friendly sources. During the evening, the Cannon Company moved up by sections in order to provide continuous support with their guns. The Chemical mortars, of which a platoon of each was with the Second and Third Battalions, also moved up. The Second Battalion, at 1940 hours, reported that their troops were past the 96 grid line and that they had again received friendly artillery fire but had it stopped. At this time it was reported that the Regiment on our right had a Battalion in the rear of our Second Battalion. Division G-3 was then notified and he then reported that he ordered the 168th Infantry Regiment to get out of our way and our troops, meeting light resistance, continued to advance over extremely rough terrain towards their objective. At 2040 hours, 11 September 1944, Division G-3 notified this Regiment that it was again the furthermost forward unit of the Fifth Army. Just before midnight the First Battalion was ordered to make plans for moving up by motor on 12 September, as they had been left in their assembly area for a rest. Cannon Company had one platoon in position at 754934 and the other platoon was on the move forward just prior to midnight. Shortly after midnight, the Second Battalion again discovered patrols from the 168th Infantry Regiment operating in their rear and the division G-3 was again notified of the same. [12 September 1944] The troops jumped off in the attack from objective Number Eleven at 0530 hours, 12 September 1944, advancing on objective Number Fourteen (See overlay No. 6, Map of Italy, 1/25,000, Sheets 98 III, SE, NE). The enemy had been shelling our proposed Regimental Command Post but at 0530 hours the shelling ceased and wire was laid in. Another report of enemy shelling was received at 0800 hours with the enemy shelling the road to Montecuccoli. This shelling caused two killed and four wounded in Company "K" as they were on the road at this time. At 0900 hours the forward Command Post party left Pimonte and closed in on the new Command Post at Montecuccoli at 1000 hours. The S-1 section and Headquarters Company Rear party moved from the vicinity of Legri to the vicinity of Pimonte and closed in at 1600 hours. The troops were moving steadily forward in a column of Battalions with the Second Battalion leading and the Third Battalion following. At 1015 hours, the Second Battalion ran into a minefield covered by machine gun fire (See overlay No. 6) and suffered four casualties but immediately began to deploy and work around the minefield but were held up as they could not immediately discover the extent of the minefield and the enemy resistance was stiffening. The Third Battalion which was following the Second Battalion, was ordered to send a strong combat patrol around the left flank, feel out the situation and then, if possible, follow up with the rest of the Third Battalion and outflank the enemy holding up the advance of the Second Battalion. The Second Battalion was to go around to the right of the minefield and again go north. The first of the two Battalions, the Second and the Third, to reach the general line of advance (Point "X" on overlay No. 6) was to lead the advance from that point on. An Italian civilian, who claimed he had been forced to help the enemy lay the minefield, volunteered to guide the Second Battalion around the minefield. In the meantime, extra mine teams and sweepers were sent out to the two Battalions, as well as bangalores and prima wire, in case it was found feasible to blow up the minefield. Still another minefield was discovered in the vicinity of Mongona (See overlay No. 6). At 1125 hours, the Division Commanding General called at the Regimental Command Post and remarked that he was most pleased with the progress of the Regiment. The Third Battalion, at this time, had patrols as far as the 98 grid line and it was believed that they could get around the left flank. Due to the extremely rugged terrain, the Anti-Tank Company had been in an assembly area through much of the advance, moving up as the situation warranted. Two platoons of this company were sent forward with picks and shovels to work on the roads due to the shortage of engineers. At 1330 hours, the Second Battalion was working to the right of the minefield and were advancing but had received enemy small arms fire. The First Battalion was ordered to walk to 740948 as the use of trucks was not feasible due to the poor condition of the roads. At 1430 hours, four TOTs [Time on Target, pre-planned artillery fire] were fired, ten minutes apart, on known enemy positions in advance of our troops. An enemy Command Post was reported, by a civilian, to be at 754995 and another TOT was requested. Resistance was increasing and both Battalions were engaged in frequent fire fights and were receiving small arms, mortar, machine gun and self propelled artillery fire, but the advance continued. Although the Regimental Commander thought our reserve Battalion (1st Bn.) was not needed forward, despite the fact that we were meeting determined resistance all day since mid-morning, in response to a suggestion from the Division Commander, the First Battalion was ordered to move by foot to an assembly area at 750962 (See overlay No. 7) (Map of Italy, 1/50,000 Sheet 98 II & III) starting in the morning at 0530 hours. At the same time, the attached tank platoon (Co. A, 757th TD Bn.) was ordered to stay in place for the night and in the morning to reconnoiter the routes forward. In response to a civilian report mentioned earlier in the evening, the Assistant S-2 led a small patrol to investigate a house in which it was believed the fifteen or twenty enemy were located (737962). Upon arrival at the house, the patrol and the enemy became engaged in a fire fight and upon our patrol sending for reinforcements, the enemy disengaged and retired back down into the valley. At 1930 hours, the Regimental Commander went forward to the Battalions to secure first hand information of the situation. At this time the Cannon Company reported their new Command Post to be located at 753957 (See overlay No. 7). The Second and Third Battalions were still moving forward but very slowly at this time. Rugged terrain, extremely poor trails and numerous minefields hampered their advance, in addition to the fact that the Second Battalion was still engaged in a fire fight and the Third Battalion was receiving machine gun and mortar fire on their left flank in addition to some artillery fire estimated to be 105mm. One prisoner from the 1st Company, 334th Fusilier Battalion was captured at 2000 hours by Company "G", the forward element of the Second Battalion. Both advance Battalion were moving slowly all evening and at 2130 hours they both held up in place for the night, it being impossible to advance over the extremely rough terrain and dangerous trails after nightfall. Vigorous patrolling to both flanks and to the front was carried out by both Battalions during the night. Plans were made to continue the advance at day break. At 2245 hours, Cannon Company closed in their new area and were set up and ready to fire. On 13 September, at 0550 hours, the First Battalion was on the move, by foot, to the forward area. After a preliminary reconnaissance and after vigorous patrolling throughout the night, the Second and Third Battalions were underway, moving forward in a column of companies, with the Third Battalion on the left flank with Company "I" in the point. At 0730 hours, a TOT was placed on known enemy strongpoints in this sector at 735019, by all Division and Corps artillery. The Battalions then moved slowly forward, hampered by the fact that all passable trails were mined and covered with machine gun fire. At 0900 hours the Third Battalion Commanding Officer asked for more mine teams as their leading company, Company "I", had run into another minefield at 757976. The Third Battalion was ordered to pull the lead company back and to allow Company "K" to swing around to the right flank of the minefield. The First Battalion, which was moving up at this time, was ordered to reconnoiter the route forward that was used by the Second Battalion the day previous, as it was planned to put the First Battalion in the line in case the Third Battalion could not extricate itself from the minefield in time to be effective. This plan, however, proved to be unnecessary because a couple of civilians were located to lead the Third Battalion around the minefield and show the Battalion the most advantageous route forward. Meanwhile the Second Battalion had cleared a path through the minefield encountered the previous day, marked it, and then proceeded to move their forward Command Post forward. At 1020 hours, the Division Commanding General arrived at the Regimental Command Post and commented most favorably on the progress of the Regiment. A report was received at 1100 hours that about twenty enemy had returned to the house previously mentioned (737962). The Assistant S-2 again took a patrol, composed of enlisted men from the Regimental Headquarters Company I & R (Intelligence and Reconnaissance) platoon and from the Third Battalion to investigate the house. Upon approaching the house the patrol was fired upon and engaged in a fire fight with the occupants. The enemy thereupon screened their exit by driving several Italian women out of the house into the line of fire. The enemy then retreating, followed by fire from our patrol, ran into troops from Company "I", who, engaging them in a fire fight, killed several and took four prisoners from the following enemy organizations: two from the 5th Company, 754th Infantry Regiment and two from the 4th Company of the same Regiment. At the same hour, two enemy deserters from the 4th Company, 754th Infantry Regiment, 334th Division were picked up by the Third Battalion. A TOT was placed on enemy strongpoints at 1130 hours at 746010 and ten minutes later at 747018. At 1240 hours, the First Battalion was closing behind the Second Battalion and preparing to pass through them in the night. The Third Battalion was receiving heavy machine gun and small arms fire at 1300 from 927982. The mission of clearing and weakening this strongpoint was given to the attached artillery and 4.2 chemical mortar platoon. During the period, 1320 hours to 1330 hours, seven rounds of estimated 88mm enemy artillery fire fell in the vicinity of the Regimental Command Post, three of which were duds. On about 1350 hours, a enemy pocket was located at 757991 and was fired upon by our 4.2 mortars and 81mm mortars. Enemy was seen to break and run from a house at one point and to enter another house which was also taken under fire. Companies "E" and "K" were sent in that direction. At about 1600 hours, a patrol from Company "K" was ambushed by the enemy with the result that four were killed, six wounded and five missing in action. A house at this location was reported by the patrol, to be set up as a strongpoint, well protected by mines, wire and booby traps and with fields of fire cut through the trees by machine gun fire. Company "G", who later located this same pocket of resistance, aided the ambushed patrol to retire. At 1700 hours, the point of the First Battalion was just behind the Second Battalion and were to close up and follow the Second Battalion who was going to push forward as much as possible before dark. At 0600 hours the next morning, the First Battalion was to pass through the Second Battalion. All attached personnel, including the 4.2 mortars and mine sweepers of the Second Battalion were to go with the First Battalion. In the morning the First Battalion was to lead off, followed by the Second Battalion who in turn is to be followed by the Third Battalion. Artillery concentrations for known enemy strongpoints were planned for just before nightfall. Exact positions and types of positions, number of enemy in them and names of enemy units were given by the captured prisoners during the day. The advance was slow and difficult due to the lack of trails up the sides of the mountains. All trails were poor, mined and covered by machine gun fire from well prepared enemy strongpoints. As the Regiment approached the heart of the Gothic Line, enemy resistance continued to grow more stubborn and determined but in spite of these adverse conditions, our battle wise troops advanced slowly but steadily. During the early evening hours, the Second Battalion was ordered to maintain pressure on the enemy all night by probing and pushing as much as possible. The Third Battalion was to keep moving until dark and to start the advance again at dawn. The First Battalion was to keep up close behind the Second Battalion, follow them and to move through or around them at dawn. Evacuation of the wounded was most difficult due to the rugged terrain. approximately fifty litter bearers were obtained from the Anti-Tank Company and thirty from the 109th [Medical] Collecting Company, which were established in a litter relay chain for the evacuation of the casualties. This litter chain was used for the litter haul of approximately six miles from the point of casualty to the waiting ambulances. The Second Battalion Aid Station, one of the most advanced stations, was located in a gully approximately two hundred yards back of the village of Fresciano. The town being in ruins because the enemy had blown down every building in the town. This aid station had to carry on its work in absolute darkness and extreme care had to be exercised because the surrounding area were heavily mined. Our troops received enemy fire all during the evening of the 13th of September and during the evening several enemy mortar positions and enemy artillery positions were taken under fire by our supporting artillery with good results. Huge explosions were observed at a known enemy artillery position (738038) after our artillery had placed a concentration on it. Soon after daylight on the 14th of September, the First Battalion started through the Second Battalion, both Battalions receiving enemy artillery fire and machine gun fire. Particularly heavy fire came from Hill 769 (743997) and the Second Battalion was ordered to swing over and take the hill. If the attack on Hill 769 was successful, it was planned for the Second Battalion to continue to attack to the north to the left of the First Battalion. At about 0830 hours, the platoon of chemical mortars attached to the Third Battalion was detached and sent over to the 135th Infantry Regiment on our right and the remaining platoon was ordered to work up and around to the right in supporting range. At 0930 hours, the Second Battalion reported that they had a patrol working up Hill 769, the First Battalion reported that they were receiving heavy artillery fire, estimated to be 105mm and also heavy machine gun fire from their right flank. Heavy mined areas and wire were also encountered at 749995. At 1000 hours, the remaining platoon of chemical mortars were detached and sent to the aid of the Regiment on our right. As the First Battalion approached S. Margherita (757995) they found increasingly heavy mortar fire in addition to sniper and machine gun fire. Heavy artillery also fell upon our troops and several casualties were inflicted. Meanwhile, elements of Company "G" had worked up Hill 769 after raking the strongpoint at the crest with artillery, mortar and machine gun fire. About 150 yards from the crest they encountered a mined area and from that point engaged in a sharp fight with the enemy troops holding the hill. After an exchange of fire a white flag went up on the hill, seven prisoners were captured and our patrols pushed on over the crest of the hill to continue the advance. At 1430 hours, the attached tanks and tank destroyers, one platoon of each, were ordered to move forward with the intention of getting them up to Laiano [Vaiano?] (762983) and attaching them to the First Battalion in order that they might be used to support direct fire whenever possible, although because of the nature of the terrain, they would be unable to maneuver. The Division Commanding General, Major General Charles L. Bolte, made frequent visits to the forward Regimental Command Post, and each time expressed his satisfaction of the progress made by the Regiment over the rugged terrain encountered. Company "C" was sent to take Hill 791 (747005) because our troops had been receiving heavy fire from that point. Upon leaving Hill 769, they immediately became engaged in another exchange of fire with the enemy and started to fight their way up to Hill 791. Company "A" was ordered to work around Terenzana to aid Company "C", by attacking the hill from the east. Meanwhile, Company "E" received a counter-attack, coming from the west and southwest, with an estimated one to two hundred enemy in the attack. The enemy attacked with hand grenades and small arms fire, shouting and firing indiscriminately. Our troops fell back a few yards and then mowed them down as they came on in waves, running and falling over their own dead. The enemy was successfully beaten off, losing heavily, but a few of them managed to remain in holes and our troops had to pry them out at close range. Artillery fire was immediately brought to bear on the enemy, however, some of the artillery fell close to our troops, inflicting casualties. Our troops had fought hard all day and had engaged in bitter exchanges of fire. Our advance was still impeded by heavily mined areas, wire, and fortified strongpoints. During the evening, the First and Second Battalions continued to move slowly forward, meeting heavy and almost fanatical opposition and numerous enemy were in front of them. Company "B" moved up above S. Margherita to protect our right flank from infiltration as there was considerable distance between us and 135th Infantry Regiment on our right. Defensive and harassing fire were planned for the night and at 2045 hours, the Second Battalion reported they were still engaged in a fire fight and that they were working up the crest of Hill 769 where they ran into protective wire and heavily mined areas. Twenty to twenty five casualties were inflicted upon the Battalion, most of them fatal. Numerous enemy were within hand grenade distance beyond the protective wire but the enemy were well dug in and difficult to remove. Toward midnight, however, the front was fairly quiet. Eight prisoners were captured during the day by the First Battalion from units as follows: two from the 7th Company, 754th Infantry Regiment, 334th Infantry Division and six from the 8th Company of the same Regiment and Division. (See overlay No. 8 for positions of troops) Evacuation of the wounded was becoming more difficult as the front advanced in the mountains. One hundred and sixty five litter bearers were now being used over a litter relay chain of seven and one half miles. Lines of evacuation were constantly being reconnoitered but most of the small roads or paths were under direct enemy observation and therefore received heavy artillery shelling. The supply problem in the mountains was also a major problem. As with the evacuation of casualties, the supply routes were also under observation of the enemy and also received much artillery fire. At this time, one hundred and seventy two mules and two hundred and forty Italian mule skinners were being used. Both Italian and American mules were being used to haul the "K" rations, ammunition and water and various other supplies up to the front line troops. Four to five mules were lost per night due to falling off the steep cliffs and narrow trails in the dark. At 0600 hours, the morning of the 15th of September, the First and Second Battalions again started to move with the Third Battalion moving up close behind the First Battalion; both forward Battalions immediately received small arms and heavy machine-gun fire. The tanks and tank destroyers moved to Collina (773963) at 0930 hours but the road west from Laiano could not be used because it was heavily mined. Throughout the morning the Second Battalion continued to meet very heavy opposition from close quarters, the First Battalion continued the attempt to move but progress was very slow and costly. All trails were mined and booby trapped and the enemy had used demolitions in many places. Shortly after 1200 hours, the Commanding General of the II Corps, Major General Geoffrey Keyes, and the Commanding General of the 34th Infantry Division, Major General Charles Bolte, called at the forward Regimental Command Post and stated they were most pleased with the progress of the Regiment, especially over the rough terrain and against such stiff opposition. Artillery had been used continuously all day and in the afternoon our supporting artillery fire increased in intensity. Our supporting artillery and also Division artillery were used in concentrations requested from the Chemical mortars attached to the Regiment on our right. Fifteen minute concentrations were placed by the Chemical mortars every hour starting at 1615 hours and until 2015 hours on the following points: 746003, 747006, and 748008. Our Cannon Company also fired ten rounds per minute for 15 minutes on the same targets. A coordinated attack, preceded by an intense artillery concentration and a rolling barrage was planned for the First and Second Battalions and at 1705 hours they jumped off in the attack. Companies "E" and "G" attacked to the north and northwest, Company "B" proceeding toward Terenzana (754005) [900m ESE of Hill 810] which they occupied an hour later while Company "C" became engaged in a heavy fire fight at 744997. At 1800 hours our positions were as indicated on overlay Number 9. Our troops had met stiff opposition throughout the day and had suffered seventy five casualties but still heavier casualties were inflicted on the enemy and we had advanced in the famed Gothic Line. During the early evening hours, telephone conversations were held between the Regimental Commander and the three Battalion Commanders and plans for the coming morning attack were made. It was planned to send the Third Battalion around to our extreme right flank and for them to attack to the north. Company "K" was to proceed to Terenzana immediately so as to be prepared and in position for the early morning attack as the point of the Battalion. Companies "A" and "B" were to continue the attack on Hill 791 [350m SSE of Hill 810] during the evening and if not successful by nightfall, were to continue on in the morning. Late in the evening Company "C" was still engaged in a heavy fire fight and could not move forward. Company "G" was just short of the crest of Hill 672 at 2150 hours and patrols were sent forward of that position. Company "E" was about two hundred yards behind Company "G" and an enemy machine gun was firing on them from a position about one hundred and fifty yards west and between the two companies but troops from these companies silenced the gun in short order. At midnight Company "K" had cleared S. Margherita and were heading for Terenzana. The Second Battalion was still in a fierce fire fight and Companies "C" and "B" were moving slowly up the hill. Only four prisoners were captured, all by the Second Battalion, from the 7th Company, 754th Regiment of the 334th Infantry Division. Our casualties were heavy, about ninety wounded and killed, but at the same time we had inflicted severe casualties upon the enemy. The evacuation of the wounded was still a major problem and more litter bearers were obtained from all available sources in the Regiment, especially the Service Company and the Anti-Tank Company. A new route of evacuation was opened by using the main highway running into S. Margherita, regardless of the fact that the highway was under direct artillery observation. The litter bearers were worn out from almost continuous twenty four hour duty and the litter bearer problem was becoming acute. At daylight, on the morning of the 16th of September, a combat patrol from Company "F" was to go to wipe out an enemy strongpoint at 741991 and elements of Company "G" were to go to Hill 662. At 2330 hours a small enemy counter-attack was launched, estimated to be about twenty five men in strength, which was beaten off by Company "E" by using hand grenades. At daylight the Third Battalion jumped off in the attack with Company "K" in the point but almost immediately ran into enemy machine gun fire which slowed them down. The First Battalion also moved off but ran into very heavy resistance from their objectives. At 0725 hours, a small forward Regimental Command Post group left Montecucolli to establish a new forward Command Post at Corsica (762971). The First Battalion was in a fierce fire fight at 0830 hours and enemy positions in front of them were as heavily fortified as in Cassino. Positions were protected by wire, mined areas, and every approach was covered by machine gun fire. Bunkers were well constructed, buttressed with heavy timbers covered with about three or four feet of rocks and earth. Because the Regiment did not have a Battalion in reserve, it was hoped that the Second Battalion could clean up the opposition in front of them but this could not be accomplished however, as the opposition was very strong and the fighting was still going on fiercely at 1000 hours. During this opposition encounter, the Second Battalion S-3, Captain Hugh S. Jacobs, was wounded and evacuated. However, the First Battalion had been able to get two tank destroyers in a forward position and they were supporting by direct fire. At 1030 hours the First Battalion encountered another heavily mined area between them and their objective and reconnaissance was instituted with the objective of finding a way of getting through or around the area. Terenzano had erroneously been reported as captured after a combat patrol from the Third Battalion had entered the town in the early morning hours and after engaging the enemy had been forced to withdraw. But at 1400 hours, The Third Battalion jumped off in a coordinated attack, preceded by an artillery preparation, to take Hill 582 upon which the town of Terenzano is located. The Second Battalion, which had been engaged in bitter fighting and had not moved, prepared an exceptionally heavy artillery preparation and moved off in a co-ordinated attack at 1715 hours. At 1800 hours the Second Battalion was moving slowly against opposition which had increased considerably during the last twenty four hours. Enemy artillery, mortar and machine gun fire had increased in intensity on our front but the Third Battalion had made favorable advances in face of slightly lessened resistance on their front. All during the day our troops had been engaged continuously with a very stubborn enemy, who at times, fought with near-fanatic ferocity. Their positions were well placed, well protected by wire, mines and machine gun cross fire and were impossible to take without heavy casualties to our troops. At 1830 hours, Company "A" received a counter-attack [which] was repulsed by bringing down intense artillery, mortar and heavy machine gun fire upon the attacking enemy. Almost at the same time, Company "B", on the other flank, was hit by a counter-attack which also was repulsed, inflicting casualties upon the enemy. Later in the evening, Company "F" was counter-attacked, Company "G" was counter-attacked and Company "E" was counter-attacked, all within an hour and a half. As our supporting Battalion of Artillery, the 151st Field Artillery Battalion, was on the move forward at this time, artillery fire was brought to bear by the 125th Field Artillery Battalion, through the Division Artillery, and was very effective. All counter-attacks were repulsed and no ground was lost but casualties were inflicted on our tired, hard fighting troops. At 1950 hours, Major General Bolte, the Division Commanding General, in a telephone conversation with the Regimental Commander, ordered him to hold the Third Battalion in place until the other units of the Regiment had a chance to clean out the left flank, as by this time the Third Battalion was considerably ahead and it was thought that their flank might be endangered. Company "A" had been temporarily stopped at 2000 hours, because of fierce opposition, Company "B" was progressing very slowly under heavy fire but Company "C" was meeting less resistance and their progress was more favorable. At midnight the Regimental Commander gave orders to the Battalion Commanders for the planned offensive of the next day. The First Battalion was to attack to the north and occupy Hill 810, the Second Battalion was to take Hills 662 and 622 and clean out the enemy, the Third Battalion to occupy Hill 505, all Battalions to move at daylight or as soon thereafter as possible. All Battalions were to operate very strong and active patrols throughout the night maintaining pressure upon the enemy. At the same hour the 151st Field Artillery Battalion closed in their new area and were in position to give supporting artillery fire. For the preceding twenty four hours, this command has been in continuous close contact with the enemy, engaging in very fierce fighting and repulsing numerous and frequent enemy counter-attacks. During the day our attached tanks and tank destroyers had knocked out seven enemy bunkers and our troops had again inflicted severe casualties upon the enemy. But due to the enemy's extremely well placed, well fortified and well protected strongpoints, our own tired, dirty and depleted troops also had suffered with approximately seventy five casualties for the day. (See overlay No. 10 for positions of troops at 2400 hours, 16 September 1944) [17 September 1944 On the morning of 17 September 1944, all three Battalions again started to advance. The enemy immediately launched a strong counter-attack, an estimated two companies against Company "E". A fierce battle ensued at close quarters with many hand grenades being used by the enemy in addition to rifle grenades, machine gun, mortar and self propelled artillery fire. The counter-attack was repulsed, both sides losing heavily, but our troops remained in close contact and the fighting continued. The fire power of the Regiment was strengthened by a platoon of the 84th Chemical Mortar Battalion and the 168th Infantry Regiment's Cannon Company being attached to the Third Battalion. But to some extent the fire power of the Regiment was reduced because the allotment of 81mm mortar ammunition had been reduced to five hundred rounds per day. The Regiment had previously been firing approximately 1200 rounds of 81mm mortar ammunition per day so the curtailment of this ammunition did make a decided difference. Throughout the day the enemy artillery and mortars had been very active, in fact, in spots the enemy laid in more artillery fire than this Regiment had ever experienced in all their contact with the enemy. At about 1200 hours, two concentrations of mortar and artillery fire, of fifty or sixty rounds, landed within a ten minute period on Hill 628. At 1300 hours, Hill 810 was captured by the First Battalion and prisoners were captured. The Third Battalion, following the 135th Infantry Regiment's flank, attacked Hill 602 from the east. At this time the Battalions were requested to use the Cannon Companies more frequently because our attached artillery had been and was firing continuously, in fact they were so busy they could not handle all the fire missions requested of them. In an effort to get the road running north from S. Margherita open for our armor, additional Engineers were requested from Division but it was impossible to secure them. At 1301 hours, another concentration of enemy mortar fire fell in our sector at 747971, two hundred rounds in five minutes, while heavy harassing fires fell continuously, making it most difficult to maintain communications. Again at 1515 hours, the Second Battalion was engaged in a fierce fire fight and the Third Battalion was progressing slowly. The First Battalion, fighting on Hill 810, had captured the hill but the enemy immediately counter-attacked, driving the First Battalion off the crest of the hill. Severe casualties were inflicted on both sides. The First Battalion immediately reorganized and attacked again. At 1615 hours, Hill 810 was in our possession after a fierce fight, by Companies "A" and "B" and more prisoners were captured. During this engagement the First Battalion Commanding Officer, Major Woodrow M. Dumont, was seriously wounded and the Battalion Executive Officer, Major Merton E. Church, assumed command. (See overlay No. 11 for check points) A co-ordinated Division Attack was planned for the morning of the 18th of September with the 135th Infantry Regiment and our Third Battalion jumping off at 0530 hours. Preceded by an artillery preparation, the Third Battalion was to take Hill 606 and continue to attack northwest, the First Battalion to remain in place until the Second Battalion could disengage. After a protest to the Division Commander by the Regimental Commander, in which it was stated that our Second Battalion was heavily engaged with the enemy and in all probability would remain so for several days to come, it was decided to hold the first Battalion in place until 1100 hours on the morning of the 18th of September. This plan, of course, would depend on the progress of the 135th Infantry Regiment (See overlay for proposed plan of attack) Our troops were still engaged in heavy fighting as darkness fell with very little progress having been made. Just before dark, Colonel William S. Schildroth, the Regimental Commander, went forward to confer with the Battalion Commanders on plans for the coming day. On his return trip, at about 2115 hours, his peep stalled about four or five hundred yards from the Regimental Forward Command Post. The Colonel and his radio operator started to walk the balance of the way to the Command Post, leaving the driver with the vehicle. In the darkness, they took the wrong fork of the trail, strayed into a minefield and both the colonel and the radio operator were killed as the result of setting off a Schu-mine with a prepared detonation charge under it. The terrific explosion was heard in the Command Post but the bodies were not found until daylight due to the difficulty of getting through the minefield. Mine teams were delayed in arriving at the location and as a result it was not sure it was the Colonel and his radio operator until dawn, when the bodies were found. Until then, there had been a faint possibility that the two had merely become lost in the hill surrounding the Command Post. Division Headquarters was immediately notified and the Regimental Executive Officer, Lt. Colonel Sarratt T. Hames, was ordered to take command of the Regiment. This he did, arriving at the Forward Command Post about midnight. Prisoners captured during the day totalled fourteen of which thirteen were captured by the First Battalion. Twelve of the prisoners being from the 2nd Company, 334th Fusilier Battalion and one from the 1st Company, 334th Replacement Battalion and the other, captured by Headquarters Company, from the 4th Company, 754th Regiment, 334th Infantry Division. So with another day of continuous hard fighting to crack the Gothic Line, no appreciable gains were made. Preceded by a heavy artillery preparation, the Third Battalion jumped off into the attack at 0530 hours, 18 September 1944. At the same hour, the Second Battalion spotted enemy troops and it appeared as though they were forming for a counter-attack. Artillery was brought to bear on the enemy and an attack was foiled although an exchange of fire continued. The Third Battalion continued moving forward and at 0750 hours Company "I" was on Hill 606, Company "L" was held up by a minefield at 759017. At 0825 hours, the 135th Infantry Regiment on our right, reported that their troops on Hill 751 were receiving fire from the eastern slopes of Hill 606 so it was then evident that the Third Battalion did not have complete control of the hill. Due to casualties, the First Battalion had lost three Company Commanders as the Battalion was heavily engaged with the enemy. The First Battalion was not yet in complete command of Hill 810 at 0900 hours as had been previously reported, but they were receiving artillery fire with no small arms fire. Fighting continued throughout the morning with no appreciable progress being made. During the early part of the afternoon, plans were instituted for a ight attack to be made by Companies "C" and "K", who were attached to the Second Battalion for that purpose. (See plan of attack No. 2) Tanks, tank destroyers and chemical mortars were attached to the Second Battalion to support the attack, as well as extra mine teams. At 1530 hours, Colonel Gustav J. Braun, Division Chief of Staff reported to the Regimental Command Post to take command of the Regiment. Continuous contact was maintained with the enemy throughout the afternoon and at times sharp fire fights [were] breaking out. At 1745 hours the Forward Command Post moved to Margherita (757995), closing in the new location at 1910 hours. (See overlay No. 12) At 1840 hours, Company "B" repulsed an enemy counter-attack on their left flank. At 1900 hours, Company "K" discovered the enemy in strength in front of them and the enemy attempting to infiltrate between them and Company "B". Fighting at close quarters ensued with many hand grenades being used on both sides. Both companies sent out strong combat patrols to flush the enemy from the draws between and in front of them, however Company "K" still had enemy in strength in front of them. Due to this situation, Company "K" could not disengage and start the attack west without leaving a force to hold the position and protect the companies' withdrawal. This was taken into account by the Regimental Commander and it was decided to postpone the time of the attack until the situation could be cleared. (See overlay No. 12) At 2250 hours, it was decided to leave one platoon of riflemen as protection for the machine guns and that the planned attack would go on as scheduled. This would leave approximately 80 men for the attack with Company "K". The companies reported that they could prepare their companies and be at the line of departure at 0300 hours, so at 2345 hours the Regimental Commander reported to the Division Commander that the attack would jump off at 0300 hours with the artillery preparation starting at 0100 hours. At midnight the front was comparatively quiet with only sporadic firing being engaged. The positions of our troops were as indicated on overlay No. 12. Four prisoners were captured during the day, all from the 1st Company, 334th Reserve Battalion. Three were captured by Company "I", one by Company "B". Casualties for the day were fairly heavy, but the litter routes were changed to converge in the town of S. Margherita in which the patients were treated before being evacuated by the clearing stations. The treatment of the patients was difficult because of the enemy laying in concentrations of artillery and mortar. One hundred infantry replacements were received during the early evening hours and were turned over to the Kitchen trains to be escorted to their respective companies. In the early morning hours of 19 September the 151st Field Artillery Battalion notified this Headquarters that they received permission to fire again as did the British 5.5s, supporting artillery for this command. Both units had previously been ordered to cease firing because friendly fire was falling in the area of our troops. These units had not been at fault however, so they were granted permissions to resume firing. In the meantime the two attacking companies, Companies "C" and "K" were preparing for the coming attack. Company "K" was reported to be about forty five minutes late so Company "C" was ordered to hold up so as to enable the two companies to jump off together. At 0430 hours, Company "K" reported they were at the line of departure and Company "C" crossed the line at the same time. Spasmodic firing continued throughout the night and at 0515 hours the first objective was reached by the two attacking companies with light opposition encountered but they did draw some mortar, machine gun and small arms fire. A short time later Company "C" had been shelled off objective Number 1 (See overlay No. 12, 18 September) and reorganized preparatory to going back up to the objective. However Company "K" held on to their objective and at 0600 hours reported that they had captured sixteen prisoners on Hill 662. At 0730 hours, Company "K" was again prepared for the attack and pushed on to the north followed by Companies "E" and "G". At 0750 hours, twenty four prisoners were brought in and by 1000 hours our troops had Hill 769 and were directing fire on Hill 791. All during the afternoon prisoners were brought back from the forward positions and it appeared that due to the number of prisoners captured that the enemy resistance was beginning to break. During the afternoon plans were made for a night attack on Ridge 810. It was felt that if we could take this hill it would save us many casualties as the enemy had the commanding ground with excellent observation. This attack was to be made by the First Battalion supported by fire from the Third Battalion and the main effort being made by the troops of Companies "A" and "B" which had been combined into one company due to the high casualties. H-hour was to be at 0400 hours the following morning. Company "K", which had been attached to the Second Battalion for the attack of the previous night, was returned to the Third Battalion control in the afternoon. During the afternoon it was decided to organize flame-thrower teams, as it was felt that these weapons could be utilized with good results on enemy bunkers and pill boxes which were most difficult to liquidate by other means. Each team was to consist of five men; the operator, assistant operator, one non-commissioned officer and two Chemical engineers, all men to carry grenades and the non-commissioned officer to be armed with a sub-machine gun. In the meantime, plans were reached for the night attack, strong combat patrols were sent out to reconnoiter the objectives and if the patrols reported "no contact" upon their return, the objectives would be occupied during the night, thus making an attack in force unnecessary. On or about 2330 hours, all patrols had returned, reporting no physical contact with the enemy on Hills 701, 748, and 810 but on Hills 701 and 810 they had heard sounds of voices, digging and vehicular movement. As a result it was decided that an attack was necessary, and so plans were completed for the attack to go as planned at 0400 hours. During the day we had gained some ground, our objectives being prominent terrain features to the west from which the enemy had excellent observation and had been causing us considerable trouble. Our captured prisoner total had mounted, the total for the day being seventy five which included seven wounded which had been evacuated. Company "K" captured a total of forty nine, Company "F" fifteen, Company "E" three, and Headquarters Company Third Battalion one from the following enemy units as listed: 15 - Hq. Company, 754th Regt., 334 Inf. Div. 1 - 1st Company, 754th Regt., 334 Inf. Div. 3 - 2nd Company, 754th Regt., 334 Inf. Div. 1 - 3rd Company, 754th Regt., 334 Inf. Div. 1 - 4th Company, 754th Regt., 334 Inf. Div. 22 - 5th Company, 754th Regt., 334 Inf. Div. 3 - 13th Company, 754th Regt., 334 Inf. Div. 4 - 1st Company, Anti-Tank Bn., 334 Inf. Div. 4 - 5th Battery, 334th Artillery Regt., [334 Inf. Div.] 1 - 3rd Company, 334th Fusilier Bn., [334 Inf. Div.] The evacuation of the wounded was now not quite as difficult as previously because the relay litter route was considerably shortened. However the litter bearers were practically exhausted because they were working day and night evacuating the patients over this most difficult terrain. A litter squad was relieved occasionally but this could not be accomplished as often as necessary due to the shortage of squads and the length of the litter haul. One hundred Infantry replacements were received and processed. Seventy were forwarded to the First Battalion to be sent forward at once, and thirty to the Second Battalion kitchen train. Nine replacement officers were also received and assigned. (See overlay No. 13 for position of troops) All during the night and early morning hours of 20 September, the front was comparatively quiet with intermittent fire falling throughout the Regimental sector. During the early morning hours a light rain started to fall, continuing until after day light. The units making the 0400 attack were delayed somewhat and did not cross the line of departure until approximately 0420 hours. An hour and a half later, Company "A" was on Hill 748 [200m SE of Hill 810] and the balance of the Battalion was shoving off for Hill 810. At 0630 hours, the First Battalion requested increased artillery fire on Hill 810. The units moved forward slowly over the rough terrain against light enemy resistance, Company "B" taking prisoners on the advance on Hill 810. While the First Battalion was advancing, the Second and Third Battalions held in place with the Third Battalion supporting the First Battalion by fire and with both Battalions patrolling vigorously and extensively. At 0945 hours, the First Battalion called for heavy artillery fire on 740008 [il Gallo, Hill 622] as their Out Post reported enemy troops forming at that point for a possible counter-attack. At 1010 hours an enemy Out Post on Hill 810 was spotted and artillery was brought to bear, a fire started immediately from a direct hit on the object. An Italian civilian, picked up by our troops, gave locations of five enemy Out Posts and three enemy strongpoints so TOTs were placed by our artillery on each location. Enemy resistance continued throughout the morning and at 1115 hours, Company "A" was engaged in a fire fight with an estimated two platoons of the enemy from Hill 807, while machine guns from the same location kept a steady fire on Company "B". Due to the determined resistance from this Hill, it was decided that a part of the combined "A and "B" companies should attack the Hill while the balance of the unit continued to advance on Hill 810. Heavy mortar barrages were placed on both hills because at this time our troops were too close to use artillery. At 1405 hours, Company "B" was pinned down to some extent by self propelled artillery fire from the vicinity of 732119. At the same time our attached tanks and tank destroyers had knocked out several enemy strongpoints by direct fire on the eastern slopes of Hill 810. They continued firing throughout the afternoon, doing excellent work despite drawing heavy artillery fire from enemy guns attempting to knock them out. Operational Instructions No. 89 from Headquarters 34th Infantry Division were received and were as follows: 34th Division continues attack at 0600 hours tomorrow morning; 168th Infantry Regiment goes through the left flank of 135th Infantry Regiment and attacks northwest; 135th Infantry Regiment continues to attack north; 133rd Infantry Regiment continues to attack north. The platoon of the 84th Chemical Mortars attached to this Regiment was detached as was the Cannon company of the 168th Infantry Regiment. Plans were immediately prepared for the attack in the morning with the Third Battalion to attack north along the Regimental right boundary with the First Battalion on the left flank, the Second Battalion was to clean out pockets of enemy resistance to the west. (See Operational Instruction No. 22) If the attack succeeded, this Regiment would be squeezed out of action in two or three days and then revert to Division Reserve. Throughout the day the Second Battalion had been probing with strong combat patrols and at 1830 one patrol returned from Hill 642 after engaging in a fire fight with the enemy. The patrol captured four prisoners and disengaged because they were greatly outnumbered. During the evening, the Regimental Commander relieved the First Battalion Commander of his command and the Regimental Executive Officer, Lt. Colonel Sarratt T. Hames was given the command for the proposed attack of the next day. By midnight all plans had been completed, reconnaissance made and all preparations completed for the jump-off at 0600 hours in the morning. The positions of our troops had not changed appreciably during the last twenty-four hours but we had engaged the enemy throughout the period with stiff fire fights and active patrolling. A total of fourteen prisoners were captured throughout the day by the following companies: five by Company "B", one by Company "E", four by Company "G", and four by Company "A". The prisoners were from enemy units as indicated: 3 - 2nd Company, 334th Fusilier Bn., [334 Inf. Div.] 1 - 1st Replacement Company, 334 Inf. Div. (Evac) 4 - 1st Company, 334th Reserve Bn., [334 Inf. Div.] 4 - 4th Company, 334th Fusilier Bn., [334 Inf. Div.] The S-1 Section and Regimental Headquarters Rear Detachment moved to a new Command Post site in the town of Barberino and closed in at 1600 hours. Again the night was comparatively quiet until 0455 hours on the morning of 21 September 1944, at which time Company "A"'s forward elements on Hill 810 were receiving a counter-attack from an undetermined number of enemy and were forced to withdraw to Hill 791. Casualties were inflicted on both sides, Company "A" suffering two men killed and one wounded. At 0620 hours the Third Battalion jumped off in the attack, H-hour being 0600 hours. The First Battalion was also late in crossing the line of departure and at 0630 hours Company "A" jumped off but Company "B" was pinned down by fire and unable to move. Company "A" immediately ran into determined resistance and the Battalion attack bogged down and the attempted advance was halted. The troops then re-organized and at 0830 hours, after a ten minute artillery preparation, the two attacking companies resumed the advance but again the battalion was pinned down by fire coming from their left rear, generally in the vicinity of 736002. The Second Battalion was then ordered to send out strong combat patrols to clean out that pocket of enemy so as to enable the First Battalion to advance. Meanwhile the Third Battalion was advancing fairly well, meeting some resistance, mostly machine gun fire and by 1000 hours their forward element, Company "I", was above the 02 grid line and had knocked out several machine gun nests. At the same time the Second Battalion had six strong patrols out to the west and were working over the pocket of resistance holding back the First Battalion. They had captured three prisoners and had neutralized the enemy fire in that sector. The First Battalion then resumed the advance but were still receiving extensive heavy fire. In the early part of the afternoon, Company "A" ran into extensive mine fields and wire on the eastern slopes of Hill 807. Casualties were suffered and the advance again held up temporarily. At about 1500 hours, Major General Bolte, the 34th Division Commander arrived at the Forward Command Post and conferred with the Regimental Commander and then left for the First Battalion Command Post to secure a better view of the situation. During the afternoon it was decided to put Company "C" in the line in order to lend greater strength to the advance of the First Battalion and so a platoon from Company "F" occupied the positions of Company "C" on Hill 791. The attached tanks and tank destroyers performed exceptionally well, knocking out bunkers and strongpoints with direct fire and raising havoc with the enemy infantry. According to reports from captured prisoners, the tanks and tank destroyers kept them pinned down continuously throughout the day. They stated that they could not move, even to eat without having one of our direct fire weapons dropping a shell in among them and further added that when our tank destroyers did cease firing and they could lift their heads, our Infantry was upon them with hand grenades. An Officer prisoner stated that they had very heavy casualties today, and when taken prisoner, he had many severely wounded who had to be left behind, but our Medics took care of them and picked them up. At 1635 hours, the Third Battalion knocked out two enemy machine gun nests and two Anti-Aircraft guns located at check point Number 2 (See overlay No. 14, Map of Italy, 1/25,000, sheets 98 III, NE, SE) but had not taken prisoners, all enemy personnel had been killed on their positions by our hand grenades. Meanwhile our First Battalion had been moving steadily forward but had been forced to follow mine sweepers through the mined areas. At 1840 hours, both Hills 807 and 810 were secure in our hands and Company "C" had captured over fifty prisoners. During the day and early evening, the Third Battalion was advancing without much opposition and was abreast of their objective (See overlay No. 14) but to the east of it. However, they would continue to advance after dark, cutting across to occupy the objectives and continue to the northwest with Company "I" and endeavor to cut off the road running south from Montepiano (See overlay No. 14) and set up a road block. Enemy strongpoints encountered were bypassed and left for the First Battalion, coming up from the south, to clean out. Prisoners were being brought in all day and a total of seventy five were captured during the day of which three were officers. Company "A" captured sixty nine, Second Battalion five, and Company "E" one from the following units as indicated: 1 - 1st Company, 755th Regt., 334th Inf. Div. 3 - 4th Company, 754th Regt., 334th Inf. Div. 21 - 1st Company, 334th Fusilier Bn., [334th Inf. Div.] 15 - 2nd Company, 334th Fusilier Bn., [334th Inf. Div.] 29 - 4th Company, 334th Fusilier Bn., [334th Inf. Div.] 4 - Hq, Company, 334th Fusilier Bn., [334th Inf. Div.] Evacuation were light for the day with a total of twenty four, [considering] the action encountered and the type of terrain fighting over. Three officers consisting of one Captain and two First Lieutenants were transferred to the Regiment as replacements. The Third Battalion, in the early morning hours of 22 September, continued their advance along the lines as planned. They met no resistance except for scattered small arms and intermittent self propelled artillery fire along the trails in their line of advance and at 0400 hours they were at Prati (749025). The Second Battalion area had been quiet throughout the night and at daylight they sent out strong combat patrols to the west. The First Battalion was on the move as scheduled and advanced along Ridge 791. At 0900 hours a patrol from the Second Battalion returned from Hill 528 and reported no contact with the enemy as all positions on the hill were vacated. Another patrol, returning from Hill 642, had engaged the enemy and captured seven prisoners. At 1200 hours, a report from the Air Out Post stated that three enemy tanks were spotted at 743026 and slightly to the northwest of that point, had observed enemy infantry, accompanied by three vehicles. Both targets were taken under fire by our artillery. Still another patrol returned, from Hill 662 (742001). They had made no contact with the enemy but had discovered an unarmed [unmanned(?)] machine gun position, many Schu-mines ready to be placed, and great piles of barbed wire. Shortly after 1200 hours, contact was made by our troops with elements of the 91st Reconnaissance Squadron who had been moving up the Fourth Corps boundary on our left flank. At 1300 hours, two enemy tanks were reported observed at 746015. Our supporting artillery was immediately brought to bear and also our attached tank destroyers moved up to engage them. A message from the 168th Infantry Regiment on our right flank, transmitted through Division G-3, was received at 1400 hours and reported approximately thirty five enemy on Hill 845 (753030) and the division G-3 deemed it advisable to change the boundary between the two Regiments so as to enable a company from our Third Battalion to go up and clean out the hill because by this time the 168th Infantry Regiment was considerably north of that point. (See overlay No. 15 for boundary changes) Company "L" was sent on A message from the 168th Infantry Regiment on our right flank, transmitted through Division G-3, was received at 1400 hours and reported approximately thirty five enemy on Hill 845 (753030) and the division G-3 deemed it advisable to change the boundary between the two Regiments so as to enable a company from our Third Battalion to go up and clean out the hill because by this time the 168th Infantry Regiment was considerably north of that point. (See overlay No. 15 for boundary changes) Company "L" was sent on this mission, because at this time Company "I" was on the eastern part of our objective with Company "L" slightly to the northwest of them. During the afternoon, the Second Battalion was ordered to disengage one company to be used as a Regimental reserve and assemble near Corte (753998). Up to this time all three Battalions had been constantly on the line engaging the enemy. At 1530 hours, Company "I" captured Hill 918 on the eastern half of the objective and also captured several prisoners. During the day resistance had lightened all along the line and so it was decided to abandon the plan for the road block south of Montepiano as had been planned for the Third Battalion. New plans called for the Third Battalion to send strong patrols up the east side of the road running northwest to the town of Montepiano, and, if the resistance proved to be not too strong, to enter and occupy the town. the First Battalion was to execute the same plan on the west side of the road, while a motorized patrol from the Regimental I & R platoon was to enter the town via the road. As part of the proposed plan, the Second Battalion was to outpost the town of Rimondeto and generally along the 995 northing line and to prepare to withdraw the balance of the Battalion to be used as the Regimental reserve. During the evening, the front was again comparatively quiet except in the sector of Company "C" who were engaged in a fire fight on Hill 817. Resistance was considerably lighter throughout the day and our troops gained considerable territory considering the nature of the terrain. Large stores of enemy equipment were captured as well as a total of thirty two prisoners. Sixteen prisoners were captured by Company "B", seven by Company "A", seven by Company "E" and two by Company "I", from the enemy units as follows: 4 - 1st Company, 334th Fusilier Bn., [334th Inf. Div.] 1 - 3rd Company, 334th Fusilier Bn., [334th Inf. Div.] 2 - 4th Company, 334th Fusilier Bn., [334th Inf. Div.] 4 - 1st Company, 334th Medics, [334th Inf. Div.] 4 - 2nd Company, 754th Regt., 334th Inf. Div. Casualties were light with only two men wounded during the day and of course the evacuation of the wounded was simple compared to what it had been for the past several days. (See overlay No. 15 for position of troops) The sector was very quiet throughout the night and at daylight of the morning of 23 September the First Battalion was moving up on their objective while the Second Battalion was moving back into the assembly area (See overlay No. 16) leaving an outpost on Hill 769 as a contact with the 91st Reconnaissance Squadron on our left flank. The Second Battalion patrols were to Vernio (725994) and had returned after finding the town empty. The Third Battalion patrols were progressing up the right side of the road northwest into Montepiano. At 0900 hours the First Battalion had completely occupied their half of objective "A" (See overlay No. 16) and elements were moving to 727029 to establish a road block. At 0930 hours, this Headquarters was notified by Division G-3 that the 91st Reconnaissance Squadron was being pulled out of the line and was being replaced as soon as possible with the 34th Reconnaissance Squadron. At the same time this Regiment was order to secure Vernio so a platoon of Company "F" was sent out on the mission and was ordered to patrol as far as Quirico (722000). Company "B" was to move forward along the road leading northwest to La Crocuta and Canturato, with Company "A" moving to the north and with Company "C" to follow to follow to the rear of Company "B", along the road northwest to Montepiano. The Regimental Commander, Colonel Gustav J. Braun, attached himself to the first platoon of Company "B", which at that time was moving northwest along the road to Canturato and ordered them to push north. Upon reaching Canturato and after capturing twelve prisoners and five mules, they continued north along the road toward the town of Rusubbiani, encountering several machine guns firing in their general direction. Colonel Braun immediately radioed to the rear requesting mortar fire to be placed on the machine gun positions. The mortar fire silenced these machine guns immediately and the platoon continued the advance. At 1300 hours, upon reaching the intersection of the road running north and south at Montepiano, two patrols were formed. One patrol had the mission of patrolling north from Montepiano and the other to the south along the road with the mission to reconnoiter the roads forward and secure as many bridges as possible. Second Lieutenant Meyer Kasten, the Platoon Leader, took command of the patrol going north to which the Regimental Commander attached himself. At 1500 hours, the First Battalion Commander, Lt. Colonel Sarratt T. Hames, and the Forward Command Post of the First Battalion, moved on to the near vicinity of Montepiano and the Battalion Commander proceeded into the town of Montepiano to contact the Regimental Commander and radio the location of the First Battalion to Regimental Headquarters. The balance of Company " B", Company "D", Company "C" and then Company "A", moved into the vicinity of the town, followed by Company "I" while the First Battalion had strong combat patrols out to the north as far as the 058 grid line. All bridges and culverts that were found intact were placed under guard. A total of twenty prisoners were captured and ten enemy were killed by our artillery, mortar and grenade fire. Throughout the day our troops had met no organized resistance, action being confined to patrol action and isolated pockets of resistance. Reports indicated that the enemy was heading north at various points and so our tired troops increased their activity, cleaning out small pockets of enemy and taking small groups of prisoners from time to time throughout the day. As soon as all resistance in this sector had been eliminated and in accordance with Divisional Operational Instructions Number Ninety, this Regiment was to go in Division Reserve. Early in the evening, Division G-3 issued the following orders to the Regimental S-3, Captain Earl T. Ralf: Our platoon of attached tanks were to start north from Montepiano and go as far north up the main road as possible, preceded by the Regimental I & R platoon and supported by a platoon of Infantry, with the mission of protecting such bridges and culverts as had been left intact by the enemy. This task force was to continue up the road as far as possible until the 34th Reconnaissance Squadron, which had relieved the 91st Reconnaissance Squadron, overtook them and at which time the Regiment would be relieved and pass into Division reserve. The plan was worked out and a platoon of Infantry, fully equipped with automatic weapons, was detached from the First Battalion to support the tanks. At 2100 hours, the Assistant S-2, Captain Edwin A. Meany Jr., in command of this task force, left the forward Regimental Command Post for Montepiano to carry out this mission. But before our task force was able to start advancing up the road, elements of the 34th Reconnaissance Squadron appeared at Montepiano, headed north, and took over the mission of our command, that of relieving the security on the bridges and culverts north of Montepiano, officially relieving this Regiment. The Regiment then passed into Division reserve. During the day we had no large scale organized enemy resistance, all opposition coming from isolated pockets of enemy which had been cut off by our troops and these pockets our troops methodically cleaned up. Small amounts of prisoners were captured from time to time, also large stores of enemy arms, ammunition and equipment were captured. Sixty six prisoners were captured with Company "B" taking twenty two, Company "K" fourteen, Company "C" thirteen, Headquarters Company Third Battalion ten, Company "I" four, Headquarters Company First Battalion two and Company "F" one, from the following enemy units: 5 - 1st Battalion Headquarters, 755th Regt., 334th Inf. Div. 15 - 1st Company, 334th Reserve Bn., [334th Inf. Div.] 1 - 2nd Company, 334th Engineer Bn., [334th Inf. Div.] With the Regiment in Division reserve as of 0400 hours, 24 September 1944, the Regiment carried on patrolling throughout the night and a motorized patrol from the Second Battalion patrolled the road from Quirico to Montepiano, the road was found passable for peeps all the way. The attached platoons from the 757th Tank Battalion and the platoon from the 807th Tank Destroyers were detached for the time being. During the day the Battalions assembled in place but due to heavy enemy shelling of Montepiano, the First Battalion was forced to move further south than was planned (See overlay No. 17 for assembly area). Three prisoners were captured during the day by Company "K" from the following enemy units: 2 - Headquarters Company, 754th Regt., 334th Inf. Div. Fifty six Infantry replacements were received during the day and distributed to the units. The Regimental S-1 Section and Headquarters Company Rear Detachment moved from the location of Barberino to S. Margherita. During the morning hours of 24 September, a report was received that the 6th South African Division was moving up on our left flank and so a patrol from the First Battalion was sent out to make contact with them, which they did at 1100 hours at 705025. All during the day, elements of our troops engaged in salvage work, covering the territory of our recent fighting and recovered much of our arms, ammunition and equipment that had been lost or left behind. Also large stores of enemy equipment were found and salvaged. During the evening, the road block which had been maintained at Montepiano by the First Battalion, was withdrawn. The Regiment, being in Division reserve, spent the time in cleaning and replacing equipment and resting after the recent operations. During the recent operations, this Regiment had attacked one of the most heavily defended sectors of the Gothic Line. We started operations with a very good knowledge of enemy defenses, gained from excellent aerial photos and air Out Posts and also, as we approached the outposts of the Gothic Line, knowledge was added from time to time on captured prisoner reports. We made our first physical contact with the enemy on 12 September 1944, taking our first prisoners of this operation on that date. The assault on the Gothic Line was accompanied by very fierce fighting, our path being continuously blacked by extensive minefields covered by enemy machine gun fire. Although the weather as a whole was favorable, the nature of the terrain, it being very mountainous and almost totally without roads, was universally in favor of the enemy, giving him perfect defensive ground. We assaulted the main Gothic Line for a period of nine days, cracking through one of the most heavily defended sectors, as the accompanying overprint of enemy defenses will indicate. During the complete operations to date, this Regiment captured three hundred and fifty three since the landings at Salerno, Italy on 22 September 1943. Although the enemy was well entrenched, had pill-boxes and extremely well defended and constructed bunkers, protected by wire and lanes of fire, this Regiment at the end of nine days of fierce combat, had broken the Gothic Line at this point and all that remained being mopping up operations as many pockets of enemy had been cut off and surrounded as a result of our columns outflanking them. Casualties for this period were the highest the Regiment had experienced in such a short time of combat with ninety one killed in action and four hundred and thirty two wounded in action. [26-30 September 1944] In a very impressive ceremony at 1100 hours, 26 September 1944, Major General Charles L. Bolte, the 34th Infantry Division Commanding General, presented seven Silver Stars for gallantry in action, eleven Bronze Stars for Heroic achievement in action and six 34th Infantry Division Citations for outstanding performance of Duty, to enlisted men and officers of this command. Four companies from the Second Battalion constituted the guard of Honor and the division Military Band offered the military marches. Thirty new Infantry replacements were received during the day and distributed to the rifle companies. Major Edward M. Fabert was assigned to the Regiment and assigned to command the First Battalion, Lt. Colonel Sarratt T. Hames having been relieved of his command and re-assigned as Regimental Executive Officer. Various forms of entertainment were presented for our resting troops including picture shows and Band Concerts by the Division Military Band. On the afternoon of 27 September, this Headquarters was ordered to send out reconnaissance parties to select a new assembly area on the right of the Division Sector in the vicinity of Montecarelli. The reconnaissance party left at 1530 hours and returned at 1830 hours, having selected the areas for the future movement. The weather was now turning cold and with steady rain, making it very uncomfortable for the troops but some items of winter clothing were issued. (See overlay No. 18 for assembly area) The entire Regiment moved from the Vicinity of S. Margherita to the Vicinity of Montecarelli (806997) on the afternoon of 28 September 1944. The Regiment leaving the old area at 1505 hours and closing in at 1600 hours, a movement of fifteen miles over rough muddy roads. The weather was most disagreeable with cold rain falling and a very high wind. The troops, being hauled in open trucks, were wet to the bone upon arrival at the new location and about froze during the long cold hours of the night. During the day of 29 September, as a consequence of telephone conversations with the Division G-3, our Battalions and separate units were each notified to be on the alert for a possible move the next day to a new assembly area at Madonna dei Fornelli, prepartatory to entering the line on the 1st of October. At midnight the troops were notified that the move was definite, that the time of crossing the I.P. would be 1140 hours the next morning, order of march to be Cannon Company, Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Third Battalion, Second Battalion and First Battalion. The Anti-Tank Company was to be used as litter bearers in future operations with the exception of the mine teams, one of which was attached to each Battalion. Seventy five Infantry Replacements were received during the day and distributed to the companies. At approximately 0830 hours, 30 September, quartering parties left the Regimental Command Post to select assembly areas in the vicinity of Madonna dei Fornelli and at 1200 hours the Regimental Command Post closed with the exception of the S-1 Section, Service Company, Anti-Tank Company and the Rear Detachment of the Regimental Headquarters Company. The Regimental Forward Command Post closed in the new Command Post at Madonna dei Fornelli (812160) at 1430 hours. (See overlay No. 19) The troops moved up by trucks to a detrucking point about five miles south of Madonna dei Fornelli, marching the remaining distance. The Cannon Company closed in at 1700 hours, and the balance of the Regiment at 1930 hours. The 34th Division Liaison Officer reported in to the Regimental Command Post at 2030 hours with Division Field Order No. 47, instructing this Regiment to enter the line on the right flank of the 168th Infantry Regiment and to attack north at 0600 hours the morning of the 1st of October. During the evening, plans for attack were prepared by the Regimental Staff. Plans for the attack are as indicated on Field Order No. 20, this Headquarters, as are the positions of our troops at the close of the period. A steady rain has been falling all day and the temperature was steadily falling. The roads were in a very poor condition making it almost impossible to drive heavy trucks and equipment over the narrow, winding mountain trails of the Gothic Line region. With the close of the period, this Regiment was still in the attack, slowly progressing against stubborn, determined resistance in the rugged terrain of the Apennine Mountains of Italy. For the Regimental Commander: SARRATT T. HAMES Lt Col., Infantry s/Donald L. Nabity DONALD L. NABITY Captain, Infantry Organization • Campaign History • Publications • Documents • Oral History Photos • Maps • Links • Collection • Bio • Site Map • MESSAGE BOARD • Contact 34th Infantry Division 133rd Infantry Regiment Rifle Company 1st Battalion A World War II 2 Italy

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Groupon and Zynga: Cat vs. Dog for Wall Street’s Affections July 5, 2011 at 1:24 pm PT Groupon and Zynga may not compete in the same business, but they are both racing to be the next darling on Wall Street. Despite the obvious differences — Groupon is a local commerce company and Zynga is a social games company — many other similarities can easily be identified between the two. The most obvious overlap is that they both expect to raise a lot of cash from the public markets. Groupon beat Zynga to the punch by saying earlier last month that it is seeking to raise roughly $750 million. Just last week, Zynga filed, saying its aim was to raise $1 billion or more. In many ways, Zynga, based in San Francisco, and Groupon, based in Chicago, have been following the same formula: Get big fast, create new industries that are amazingly good at generating tons of cash and go public. What’s even more amazing is that they are both comfortable going public before either knows exactly how its respective industry will shake out over the coming years. Here are a few more parallels that can be drawn … Vanity Fair profiles!: Both of the company’s chief execs have been profiled recently by Vanity Fair. In August, Groupon’s Andrew Mason was portrayed as a six-foot-tall idiosyncratic, accordion-playing prankster, who once had an idea to give Michael Bloomberg a pony. In June, Zynga’s CEO Mark Pincus, who helped create “silly” Facebook games like FarmVille, CityVille and Poker, was described as the five-foot-six guy who takes fun very, very seriously. Compressed time frame: The ramp-up has been extremely fast for both companies. Zynga was founded in 2007 and has grown to 2,000 employees from 157 in 2008. Groupon was founded in January 2008 and has grown to 7,107 employees from 37 in 2009. Wacky accounting: Both companies are using creative accounting procedures to explain their young industries and make their financial statements look better than they otherwise would. Groupon: Adjusted Consolidated Segment Operating Income, or Adjusted CSOI for short. This metric represents the company’s operating income before it incurs massive marketing costs to acquire its subscribers. Zynga: It reports both revenues and “bookings,” defined as the total amount of revenue from the sale of virtual goods during the same period the purchase was made by the player. Under GAAP accounting, revenues may be spread out over a year or more, which is the average life of a virtual good. Strength in the oldest markets/games: The good news is that both companies perform best in at least some of their most mature markets and games. Groupon: Chicago is Groupon’s oldest market and is where it likes to tests out new features and prove its business model. As of March 31, it had 1.5 million subscribers in Chicago and in the first quarter generated $21.5 million in revenue from nearly 1 million Groupon coupons sold. Zynga: Zynga did not disclose how well individual games were performing but said FarmVille, which launched in June 2009, achieved record revenue in the quarter ended March 31, 2011. Risks: Because both companies are relatively young, neither knows how its business will evolve over the coming years. Groupon said in its filing that it has experienced “rapid growth over a short period in a new market we have created and we do not know whether this market will continue to develop or whether it can be maintained.” Zynga provided a similar disclosure: “We began operations in April 2007, and we have a short operating history and a new business model, which makes it difficult to effectively assess our future prospects. Our business model is based on offering games that are free to play. To date, only a small percentage of our players pay for virtual goods.” Tagged with: daily deals, e-commerce, Groupon, IPO, local commerce, social games, Zynga

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Home > Books > The Jack Creek Horror The JACK CREEK Horror is an intelligent cautionary tale about a simple but exceedingly horrific organism. The story follows a small resort community’s efforts to make sense of increasingly strange changes in the eco-system of a large cedar swamp. What starts out as poor fishing and complaints from locals in an area that survives on tourism and sportsmen soon evolves into a wave of death with implications that stun the nation. Author: C. J. Coombes Genres: Fiction, Horror, Thriller ASIN: B00XWYFBSM eBook Price: $3.99 A lifelong resident of Michigan, C John Coombes was born to an artist. He spent his younger years heavily involved in art. In the sixth grade, his teacher and the school principal accused him of lying for claiming to have drawn a set of three charcoal renderings. The school summoned his parents for a meeting where his father stood up as a witness to his son’s work.Proud father indeed. John went on to win a scholarship in high school for his artistic abilities. In order to qualify for financial assistance, John was required to take an aptitude exam for art. He achieved the highest score ever seen by the testing staff. He attended a Kendall School of Design, now a department of Ferris State University, and upon graduation as a Graphics Designer, Hallmark Cards asked him to join their team. He was unable to accept a position due to his draft status and so entered the US Army as an illustrator.After his tour of duty, which included a medal of commendation for artwork relevant to the presentations of the Commander in Chief of Allied Forces Southern Europe, he returned to open an art and photography studio, later incorporated into an advertising agency, and even working alongside his father in the graphics department of Amway Corporation. In his mid-thirties, John changed careers to participate in the birth of computerized machining for the plastic injection mold industry, a cutting-edge technology, where he ended his career as the final dimensional inspector for outgoing product, and implementer of the ISO quality control program, which he maintained until his retirement. John retired early to pursue writing full time after transferring his need for creative release from artwork to the written word. The Universe Builders: Bernie and the Putty the SHORT of it…

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Anissa Baniahmad Flötistin Vita – deutsch Vita – english Monet Quintett Duo Revelio Anissa Baniahmad from Marburg received her first flute lessons at the age of nine. In 2006 she began studying at Dr. Hoch’s Conservatory in Frankfurt with Professor Paul Dahme, solo flutist at the Frankfurt Opera. Five years later she was accepted there into the “Pre-College”. During a stay abroad Anissa Baniahmad took lessons with Dr. Catherin Ramirez at the Shepherd-Music-School / Rice-University in Houston (Texas). She completed her Bachelor’s degree with distinction at the Frankfurt University of Music and Performing Arts. First she studied in the class of Professor Paul Dahme, since 2013 with Professor Stephanie Winker, former solo flutist at the Gewandhaus Leipzig. The young flutist has won numerous 1st and 2nd national prizes at Jugend musiziert. In 2010 she was awarded the special prize for modern music at the “Musik Talente” competition, and in the following year the special prizes of the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and the Deutsche Stiftung Musikleben. In addition, she received a chamber music sponsorship prize for early music and a scholarship from Dr. Hoch’s Conservatory. In 2013 she won the 2nd prize at the international competition “Concours pour Jeunes Solistes” in Luxembourg. Since 2015 she has been a scholarship holder of the Mozart Gesellschaft Dortmund and in 2016 she was accepted into the sponsorship of the Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes. Anissa Baniahmad has already gained numerous orchestral experiences: after playing in the Landesjugend-Sinfonieorchester Hessen and the Bundesjugendorchester, she has been a member of the Junge Deutsche Philharmonie since 2016. In addition, since 2012 she has played as a regular temp in the Frankfurt Opera and Museum Orchestra, where she has been given a temporary contract for the 2015/2016 season. Other temporary positions have also taken her to the Deutsches Sinfonie Orchester Berlin, the Bamberg Symphony Orchestra, Ensemble Resonanz and the NDR Radiophilharmonie Hannover, among others. As a passionate chamber musician, she plays concerts in a wide variety of instrumentations. She is also a member of the Monet Wind Quintet, founded in 2014, with which she received a scholarship in both spring 2016 and 2019 after successful participation in the German Music Competition and was thus included in the national selection of young artists. In the summer of 2018 she was invited to give an international master class in Montefrío, Spain. From September 2017 Anissa Baniahmad studied for one year in Paris at the “Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique” with Prof. Philippe Bernold as part of the Erasmus Programme. In October 2018 she began her Master’s studies with Prof. Christina Fassbender at the UdK in Berlin. For the 2019/20 season she will be the principal flutist with the Hamburg Symphony Orchestra.

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Africacolumn.com P&ID Owners Heading to Prison, as Nigeria Files Tight Appeal Nigeria’s application in the case with Process and Industrial Development Limited (P&ID) for a stay of execution, leave to appeal and set aside judgement debt was heard on 26th September 2019 at the Commercial Court in London, UK. The British Commercial Court is a division of the Queen’s Bench Division of the High Court of Justice in England and Wales, UK, invariably a sub-division of the High Court of Justice. Some of the cases tried or heard at the Commercial Court in effect at the Queen’s Bench Division, especially those that border on frauds or criminal acts, can attract penalty of imprisonment. In its judgement on 26th September 2019, the Commercial Court added insult to the injury it already inflicted with the previous judgement debt and affirmation of the damages awarded by Arbitration Tribunal. The Court ordered Nigeria (Defendant) to pay the sum of $200m as security within 60 days and also to pay the running cost of P&ID (Plaintiff) within 14 days but without specifying the amount. It refused to set aside the judgement debt. What the Commercial Court gave Nigeria in grating a stay of execution and leave to appeal, it constrained her by making an order for the above payments. These aspects of payment order were unnecessary. Nigeria is a nation and not a corporate personality or an individual who may abscond, at the conclusion of the case, if the case does not favour her. The question now, shall the further British Courts lend themselves to be used by a corporate entity and individuals to achieve their fraudulent quest? Nigeria must not honour payment of the security amount of $200m nor the running cost of whatever amount P&ID may demand in the interim. The cogent reason for Nigeria not to honour the order is that the case is ongoing and has not been concluded. It is up to P&ID if it has not the fund to finance its case to conclusion. Litigation cost is never ascertained nor recognised until the conclusion of case and the amount is approved by the Court. In effect, the order is not actually binding on Nigeria. However, in Nigeria’s appeal of the whole case verdicts, this order must be included. In the first place, there is no Court that can deny any of the opponents an appeal in the case of this magnitude. An opponent does not even need to ask for leave to appeal. Even if any Court tried to block one, the opponent can take a different route to a higher Court, for example, in the form of judicial review. Therefore, Nigeria needs not listen to the ranting and empty threat of the P&ID owners. They should remember that they are dealing with a country, Nigeria. If Nigeria at any time cannot be pushed around by any countries in the world how much less a mere company on paper that is even hiding in an offshore Island. In my earlier article on this case titled P&ID $9.6bn Judgement Debt a Conspiracy to Swindle Nigeria published on the platforms of www.nigeriaworld.com, www.africacolumn.com, etc. on 4th September 2019, you may recall how I highlighted the general injustice blacks, including we Nigerians and our country, suffer in foreign countries. In confirmation of my earlier statement that we do not as such have justice in foreign countries; has this new order by the British Commercial Court for Nigeria to pay security amount of $200m and the running cost of the opponent when the case is ongoing proved what I said about their injustice? The payment order was made for many reasons. It was to deliberately frustrate and complicate the case for Nigeria. It was to inform the further Courts not to leave Nigeria off the case unscathed. That if Nigeria were to be let off, a minimum of $200m damages plus cost must be awarded against her. That the previous Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) Government of Nigeria earlier agreed to settle the case with some payment but it was only the amount which was not agreed. As the representatives of P&ID may be able to reach out to the various potential Judges at further Courts who shall hear the appeal; they will have something in hand to bargain with and persuade the Judges to at least deliver judgement against Nigeria for damages of a minimum amount of $200m which has already been deposited. As Nigeria has very strong grounds for a successful appeal; P&ID owners/officials and their accomplices in the case are heading to prison, as the appeal is based generally on frauds of the plaintiff. They need such payment order to frustrate Nigeria appeal and to prevent P&ID owners/officials and their accomplices from going to prison. On P&ID losing the case at appeal, the Court will direct the National Crime Agency, UK to round up all those P&ID owners/officials and their accomplices that are involved in the fraudulent contract to swindle Nigeria billions of dollars. The UK may ask for the extradition of the Nigerian accomplices in the fraud to the UK. All of them will be taken to the Crown Court. As the Appeal Court or the Supreme Court has already decided the case, there will not be further trial at the Crown Court but only to sentence the P&ID owners/officials and their accomplices to the appropriate imprisonment terms. I hope these further explained the injustice I alluded to, the connivance, conspiracy and accomplices in the case that was designed to swindle Nigeria and those who do not want to go empty handed in their agreed rate of share in any amount of damages award. Here, Nigeria can also see the reasons why the amount of $200m and the running cost of P&ID must not be paid. That the whole case must be appealed. As Nigeria has very strong grounds for a successful appeal, any impartial further Courts will uphold the appeal. This is especially for the fact that P&ID’s intention ab initio was to swindle Nigeria. P&ID bribed and twisted many of their unauthorised Nigerian accomplices to award and sign the fraudulent contract. They never even had the ability to execute such magnitude of project nor the intention to execute the contract. They never laid a brick to start the project let alone to say the project was some degree complete to warrant award of any damages. They simply misled the British Arbitration Tribunal and Commercial Court to get these judgements. Those who own P&ID have history of such frauds and fraudulent claims through sympathetic and unsuspecting Courts. This case is not different from their such previously unexecuted contracts and related fraudulent claims through the Courts. As this case is a qualifying case to go to the Supreme Court on appeal, it is the prerogative of Nigeria to leapfrog the British Appeal Court straight to the British Supreme Court or even to European Court of Justice. But in respect to the British judiciary, the leapfrog should be made to the British Supreme Court of Justice, who may not have any prejudice or bias against Nigeria as the lower Courts. Some of the main reasons Buhari Government could give are; Nigeria is a sovereign country. The case with the awarded damages is a big matter and of international concern. The element of frauds and those involved in the case cut across countries. Time and cost will be saved if the whole package of the appeal is heard by the Supreme Court. As Nigeria must have by now finalised all the relevant grounds for appeal; the appeal should be filed within 14 days from 26th September 2019 of the determination of the order for payment by the Commercial Court, whether to the Appeal Court or in a leapfrog to the Supreme Court. From the time the appeal is filed, the order for payment is, therefore, quarantined, only to be heard with the rest of the grounds for appeal. Nigeria Broadcasting Corporation; The Nigeria owned media, Nigeria Broadcasting Corporation (NBC), particularly its subsidiary, Nigeria Television Authority (NTA), should serve Nigeria. If only with foresight, effective investigative journalism and reporting, they ought to have got wind of the P&ID fraudulent contract being negotiated and signed. NTA ought to have trailed them or carried out a sting operation and reported the matter for the fraudulent contract to have been terminated before conclusion. NBC and its subsidiaries should not just be independent on paper, they should be seen to be independent. They are not established to worship the Government of the day or to be praise singers to those in authority but to serve Nigeria as a nation. The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) upon which NBC is moulded has been there for them to emulate. Today, without the BBC in its independence in operation; effective watchdog, foresight. investigative journalism and reporting from all over the world, the UK will not be an advanced economy, a harmonious society and among the advanced nations. Alfred Aisedionlen Disclaimer - The views expressed in the comment window are your responsibilities as the writer. They are not the views and responsibilities of AfricanColumn.com. Please comment responsibly. Freedom of expression carries with it responsibility. Note; each comment is limited to a maximum of 500 words. Sign in or create your AfricaCloumn account to join the discussion. Plentiful Rainfall, Rivers & Streams in many African Countries yet they can’t have Drinkable Water ————Coming Story———– Epitome of Nature and Natural Beauty in Africa Continent Looking at this flower, you can envisage nature in every part of the continent of Africa. The people of each country only need to put little more effort to get more from what nature provide for them; the right amount of rainfall, sunshine, rich soil, etc. ———– coming story———– Terms Conditions Privacy & Policy © 2020 Column Africa. All rights reserved.

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The folk group story Activities folk group On tour folk group Photo gallery folk group Video folk group Folk Group Agilla e Trasimeno The italian folk group "Agilla e Trasimeno" was formed in 1957, in order to revive some forms of rural and popular culture in Umbria, with particular regard to the zone of the lake Trasimeno. The group is composed by some young people, all from Castiglione del Lago, moved by a passion for the traditions of their land. The simple costume is that of the people of the lake between the XIXth century and the XXth century: the women wear a large headsquare on their shoulders and a very large apron; the men wear a waist-coat, a scarf round the waist, and trousers tied at their calves. The name of the group comes from the ancient legend, of Etruscan origin, of prince Trasimeno, a son of the god Tirreno, who stopped near a lake, during an excursion in the lands of the centre of Italy. The prince met the nymph Agilla who lived in an island of the lake. The Prince Trasimeno fell madly in love with Agilla, so much that he died for her. Since then the lake took the name of Trasimeno ... and in the evenings of August, when a light wind caresses the trees and the waters of the lake, a sad, melancholy lament is heard, and people say this is the cry of Agilla, searching for prince Trasimeno. The musics, the dances and the songs are the expression and the commentary of the most significant moments of rural life, very connected with the natural cycles, and with the seasons: the grape and wheat harvest, the threshing… The musics are played with the following instruments accordion, tambourine, guitar, clarinet, barrel-organ, double bass. The most important and traditional dances are “Sor Cesare”, “Punta e Tacco”, “Trescone”, “Lo Schiaffo”, “La Manfrina” and “Chiamo”. The "Rassegna Internazionale del Folklore" is a International folk festival, began in 1978 on the initiative of the town council of Castiglione del Lago and the Trasimeno Tourist Office. Is a event of Umbria, Trasimeno Lake and Castiglione del Lago summer.Organised by the "Agilla e Trasimeno" folk group, this festival promotes cultural exchanges between folk groups. The Festival website The Festival Programme 2019 [JPG] Webmaster: GoalNet Progettazione e sviluppo siti Copyright © 2009 Folk Group Agilla e Trasimeno, Piazza Mazzini, 1 (06061) Castiglione del Lago (PG) CP 48, Italy Tel Mobil +39 347 29 21 335

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VIDEO: INTERVIEW – CloZee at SnowGlobe 2019: Talks Moving To The U.S., Upcoming New Music by B-Sides Staff - 01/15/2020 Over the course of her young career, CloZee has performed on many continents: from Coachella to India, on four US Tours, and everywhere around her native France. Due to her broad range of influences that come from all facets of music that she's encountered throughout her international travels, CloZee (born Chloé Herry) has a growing and loyal fanbase from all over the world. With classical guitar roots, CloZee is able to create a melting pot of instrumentation and cinematic flair from the first-hand influence of flamenco to edIT of The Glitch Mob. Her debut album 'Evasion' was VIDEO: INTERVIEW – SG Lewis at SnowGlobe 2019: Talks Elton John, Disco Influence SG Lewis has worked hard to not only become known as a songwriter and DJ but also a well-respected producer amongst his peers. The British artist released a three-part concept album, 'Dusk, Dark, Dawn' over the past year and a half that Lewis describes as a chronicle of the trajectory of a night out through its different moods and genres and serves as a tribute to club and youth culture. Lewis first became interested in music during his teens and played in several bands before he started experimenting with remixing tracks. Influenced by the introspective pop of VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Kendoll at SnowGlobe 2019: Talks Connection to Seattle Seahawks, New Music Melding the sounds of bassline house and UK groove, Kendoll has been a growing presence in the electronic music scene. The Seattle, Washington native started as a DJ at various venues in the area before relocating to Los Angeles to attend the music production school Icon Collective. After graduating, she's toured all across the U.S., having made an appearance at Life is Beautiful and released the EP 'Rabbit Hole' along with numerous singles. B-Sides caught up with Kendoll at SnowGlobe 2019 to talk about her connection to the Seattle Seahawks, new music and more. Check out the interview: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpzNprSDDnc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvgyYkFnsC0 VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Kah-Lo at SnowGlobe 2019 – Talks Idris Elba, New Music by B-Sides Staff - 01/13/2020 01/14/2020 Since moving from Nigeria to New York, Kah-Lo has built a loyal and growing following ever since her Grammy Award nomination alongside Riton for Best Dance Recording with “Rinse and Repeat.” She's collaborated with the likes of Mr. Eazi, Diplo, Idris Elba, The Knocks, Davido and Michael Brun, and gained a Selena Gomez co-sign. Her debut collaborative album with Riton 'Foreign Ororo' received millions of streams and she is the most streamed female Nigerian artist worldwide. She made an appearance during Idris Elba's set at Coachella to perform on their collaboration, "Ballie" and more recently had been opening for Bea VIDEO: INTERVIEW – MAX Talks Forthcoming New Album, Plans For A Family Max Schneider (MAX) is prepping for a new album, having released the single “Checklist” featuring electro-funk duo Chromeo late 2019. The track is the follow-up to “Love Me Less” featuring Quinn XCII. The new material comes after a hiatus that saw the established Youtube star and actor get married and focus on his personal life while working out the new songs. Born in Hell's Kitchen, New York City, the singer, model and actor had success with his 2016 full-length album, 'Hell’s Kitchen Angel' that featured “Lights Down Low.” The song generated half a billion streams globally and VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Lennon Stella Talks Writing Camp, Upcoming Debut Album Coming from a musical family, twenty year-old Canadian actress/singer/author and fashionista Lennon Stella has already achieved immense success in her career. Gaining attention from her role as Maddie Conrad in the hit TV series 'Nashville' from 2012-2018, Stella was regularly featured singing alongside her real-life sister, Maisy Stella, who also was on the show. Lennon’s success with her songwriting career began during her time on Nashville as one of the writers on nine different songs that were featured in numerous episodes of the series. Prior to landing the acting role, Lennon had already gained national attention when her and Maisy’s cover of Robyn’s “Call your Girlfriend” went viral. Fresh off her first VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Circa Waves Talk Covering The Proclaimers, Fatherhood Circa Waves recently announced that their fourth studio album 'Sad Happy' will be released on March 13, 2020 via Prolifica Inc /[PIAS]. The album is the band's follow-up to 'What's It Like Over There?' that was just released in April 2019. The album is formed by two diametrically distinctive sides, which will see the 'Happy' side released individually January 10, 2020 before uniting as one complete body of work on March 13, 2020. The band's singer/songwriter Kieran Shudall shared, "We live in a world split into two extreme halves. One moment, you’re filled with the existential crisis VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Blossoms Talk “Jessie’s Girl”, Paul McCartney, ‘Foolish Loving Spaces’ UK band Blossoms will be releasing their third studio full-length, 'Foolish Loving Spaces' on January 31 2020 [Avenue A/Virgin EMI] too much anticipation. The band has already released a couple of songs from the album including "Your Girlfriend" and “The Keeper”. The album is described as a romantic page-turner of light and shade, as the band explains: “The album is a pure celebration of love in all of its splendid and baffling guises, toying with the so-called sins of lust and forbidden infatuation. It’s inspired by a summer spent listening to ‘Stop Making Sense’, ‘The Joshua Tree’ & ‘Screamadelica’." Comprised VIDEO: INTERVIEW – half alive Talk Holograms, Bunk Beds, Debut Album What was supposed to be a challenge to half•alive member Josh Taylor to pen 50 songs during a seven-month break from film school turned into a huge viral moment and a record deal for half•alive. Song #11 among the original 50 in the challenge, “still feel.,” broke out in 2018 and continued its momentum in 2019 as a mainstream alternative radio hit. The Long Beach trio of Josh Taylor [vocals], Brett Kramer [drums], and J Tyler Johnson [bass] got together in 2016 and set out a charter to create music as “a small universe for people to get VIDEO: INTERVIEW – The Regrettes Talk On-Stage Mishap, Writing ‘How Do You Love’ The Regrettes recently released an original song for the upcoming holiday season, “Holiday-ish”(feat.Dylan Minnette). The track was co-written by The Regrettes’ frontwoman Lydia Night and her boyfriend, Dylan, and will also be released as a 7” vinyl available on November 29th in celebration of Record Store Day’s Black Friday special. The L.A. power-pop group, The Regrettes, recently released their highly-anticipated sophomore album, How Do You Love? to overwhelming global acclaim. 'How Do You Love' was recorded in L.A and Nashville and is informed by the socio-political climate wrapped in a layer of love and relationships; "The whole VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Absofacto Talks Early Influence of Japanese Lo-Fi Hip-Hop on “Dissolve”, New Single “Rewind” Absofacto has released his eagerly awaited new single titled, “Rewind.” The song is the follow-up to his breakthrough hit single, “Dissolve," which has amassed millions of streams worldwide, hit the top 10 on Billboard’s “Alternative Songs” chart and has been featured in more than 2 million fan-created uploads on TikTok. Absofacto is the brainchild of Michigan-born, Los Angeles-based musician Jonathan Visger, who initially started out in the band Mason Proper in 2004 but began creating his distinctive fusion of dream pop, art rock, and inventive electronica as Absofacto in 2008. "Creatively in my mind, making Absofacto VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Ashe Talks Moving On, New Music, Working With Finneas Singer/songwriter Ashe released her highly anticipated EP, Moral of the Story: Chapter 2 this past August. The collection of songs combined with the release of 'Chapter 1' marks the end of an era full of heartbreak and sadness experienced during the end of her marriage and ultimate divorce. Tracks such as, "In Disguise" and “Not How It’s Supposed To Go”, featured on 'Chapter 2', have resonated with music fans due to the intimate nature in topic and relatability. In speaking of the latter song, Ashe explained, “When you’re in a toxic relationship with someone, you often don’t VIDEO: INTERVIEW – White Reaper Talk Live Element in ‘You Deserve Love’ From performing at numerous festivals like Bonnaroo, Lollapalooza, Austin City Limits, and the newly added Not So Silent Night, not to mention supporting Spoon and The Struts, White Reaper are living up to their 2017 record The World’s Best American Band. With the recent release of their third studio album and major label debut, You Deserve Love on Elektra Records, White Reaper continues to grow their burgeoning fanbase. Formed in the fertile DIY scene of Louisville, KY, White Reaper cut their teeth playing a number of local and regional shows that landed them a record deal and the release of their eponymous VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Kim Petras Talks Danny Elfman, First Time Performing For Parents At the start of 2019, Kim Petras sold out her first ever headline shows in New York City, Los Angeles, and Melbourne before headlining Sydney Mardi Gras. The demand to see her perform live would continue in subsequent tours, as her summer Broken Tour sold out during presale prompting many of the performances to move to larger venues. Currently on tour in support of her recently released debut, Clarity, Petras shows no signs of slowing down to satiate her fans. Ahead of Halloween, Petras released Turn Off The Light Vol. 2 on October 1, the sequel to her critically-acclaimed, Halloween-inspired mixtape released last year. The German pop VIDEO: INTERVIEW: MUNA Talk Rawness and Vulnerability of ‘Saves The World, Growing Older The sophomore album by MUNA titled 'Saves The World' via RCA Records, immediately garnered critical acclaim upon its release in September. Tackling topics of self-love, addiction and the experience of growing older, the album represents the different experiences the three members, Katie Gavin, Naomi McPherson and Josette Maskin went through after the success of their debut album, 'About U'. “I was struggling being on my own,” says Gavin. “I had also made a choice to take time off relationships after a series of failures. I needed to really be with myself.” The lead single, 'Number One Fan' emerged VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Ruel Talks Personal Growth in Latest EP ‘Free Time’, Getting First Tattoo A lot has changed in the year between EPs for Ruel. Having recently released his newest EP, 'Free Time' that features singles "Painkiller", "Face to Face" and "Real Thing". The budding Australian artist stated, "I went into the writing room with a bit more life experience and a clearer creative direction on how I approached the songs. These songs are the most personal tracks I’ve put out to date and I really feel like I discovered a specific sound for this project.” The material follows the release of Ruel’s debut EP, 'Ready', which earned him Multi-Platinum and Gold status with singles ‘Dazed & Confused’ and ‘Younger’ and ‘Don’t VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Hippie Sabotage at Austin City Limits 2019 Hippie Sabotage is known for their raucous live performances that are unique based on the energy of the audience and environment. The duo made up of brothers Kevin & Jeff Saurer grew up in Sacramento, CA starting off as bedroom producers, inspired by their favorite skate videos making hip-hop instrumentals that would eventually evolve into electronic and now more guitar-based electronic. They achieved millions of streams and have been performing at numerous festivals including Bonnaroo, Coachella, Lollapalooza, Made in America, Burning Man and more recently, Austin City Limits 2019. B-Sides met up with Hippie Sabotage before their set at Austin City VIDEO: INTERVIEW – K.Flay at Austin City Limits 2019 Two-time Grammy-nominated artist K.Flay returned in 2019 with her third full-length album, 'Solutions', that features standout tracks "Bad Vibes", "Sister" and "Good News". The follow-up to her breakthrough, 'Every Where Is Some Where' features a variety of analog synths along with live bass and guitar, bobbing and weaving between pop, rock, hip-hop, and electronic moods. Taking a positive approach to the lyrical content, K.Flay (aka Kristine Flaherty) took the current socio-political climate and its effect on daily life and envisioned a smile as a symbol of true rebellion. She explained: “When I got home from tour, I VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Superet at Austin City Limits 2019 Superet has had a busy 2019, having toured up and down the West Coast and across the country all the while releasing their debut album "How To Work A Room" in May. Tracks "Comes As Relief" and "YDS2M" were produced and mixed by Dave Fridmann (Tame Impala, MGMT, Spoon) and mastered by multiple Grammy winner, Greg Calbi (Arcade Fire, Tame Impala, The War on Drugs). As lead singer/guitarist, Matt Blitzer, best describes, "When entering the 'room' in which this album exists, we carry with us a few things in common. Tales of heartbreak, isolation, confusion and desire. The age of VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Shura at Austin City Limits 2019 Shura didn't have to dig much for inspiration to her latest album, forevher, which was released Secretly Canadian on August 16th. The album was primarily about Shura’s relationship with her girlfriend and their long-distance conception, tracing everything from the initial pull of desire to that first IRL meeting. After numerous video calls, Shura and her partner met on their first date with Shura traveling from London to New York City. “I had travelled to NYC to go on it, so I was a little bit nervous as this was definitely THE most high stakes date I'd ever been VIDEO: INTERVIEW – BONES UK at Austin City Limits 2019 London-bred band BONES UK released their highly anticipated self-titled debut album on July 12th via Sumerian Records. The duo of singer/guitarist Rosie Bones and guitarist Carmen Vandenberg saw their profile increase when legendary musician Jeff Beck invited them to tour with him and also work on his album 'Loud Hailer'. Growing up in Italy, Carmen began playing violin at age five and took up the guitar after seeing a video of Jimi Hendrix performing at Woodstock. Classically trained in guitar from age six, she later ventured into blues and rock, eventually crossing paths with Rosie after VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Nick Allbrook of Pond Talks Forthcoming Live Album, Climate Change With their latest album, Tasmania, only six months old, Pond announced that Sessions, an album of live studio performances composed of songs from across their discography will be released Novermber 8, 2019 on Spinning Top/Interscope. The band's Jay Watson had the following to say on the genesis of Sessions: "We wanted to capture how the band has been playing live lately and commit that to tape while we were in the middle of a long tour. As you play the same song for years, or even as a single tour rolls on, the way you play the songs mutates. VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Hatchie Talks Opening For Kylie Minogue, Mosh Pits, New Music The debut album by Hatchie, titled Keepsake, was released in June earlier this year and the Brisbane-bred musician otherwise known as Harriette Pilbeam garnered positive critical reviews and has a growing fanbase. Expanding the dream-pop sounds Hatchie created on her EP Sugar & Spice, Hatchie pushes into jagged guitar riffs and woozy rhythms combined with industrial-pop. Hatchie noted that naming the album Keepsake was appropriate since it serves as a document of a particularly kinetic moment in Hatchie's life. "I'm not much of a nostalgic person when it comes to memories, but I do have a tendency VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Rexx Life Raj Talks Rolling Loud Oakland, New Music Critically acclaimed artist Rexx Life Raj recently performed at Rolling Loud in Oakland, CA ahead of the release of his forthcoming album: Father Figure 3: Somewhere Out There. Garnering praise for the release of “Moonwalk”, which is featured on the new album, the Berkeley, California artist (born Faraji Wright) has worked with many recognizable names such as Kehlani, Russ, G-Eazy, Lecrae, Mozzy and others. Discovering his love for music by way of his church upbringing and the encouragement of his mother, Rexx Life Raj took the influences from the teachings from his father who taught him the beauty VIDEO: INTERVIEW – The Shelters Talk ‘Jupiter Sidecar’, Perform “You’re Different” Live Southern California alt-rock outfit The Shelters have released their second studio album Jupiter Sidecar, out today on Warner Records. Praised by Flaunt for its “modern, guitar heavy sound,” the new album presented an interesting challenge for the band, as it was the first music they wrote in the wake of mentor Tom Petty’s tragic passing. They returned to Petty’s home studio in Malibu – where they’d spent countless hours crafting their 2016 debut – to absorb that history while simultaneously pushing forward and coming into their own. “In many ways, the record really shows we’re a California band,” affirms Chase Simpson VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Hayden James Talks Debut Album, Early Days with Rufus Du Sol, Alison Wonderland "I grew up DJing," said another rising Australian DJ/producer Hayden James whose been dropping singles and an EP since 2013. Getting attention from Disclosure and Odesza, James toured with them globally and also got to perform at Australia's own Splendour in the Grass. In 2014, his most-streamed single at the time "Something About You" was certified gold in Australia and two years later "Just a Lover" was nominated for Best Dance Release by ARIA. He gained the attention from the likes of pop star Katy Perry producing a number of tracks for her and co-writing the song "Deja INTERVIEW: Catching Up With NOTD On US Tour With Zedd, & New Single by Brigitte Onorato - 09/23/2019 09/24/2019 Swedish duo, Tobias Danielsson and Samuel Brandt better known as NOTD, began their musical journey connecting through Soundcloud, and to their surprise, later realized they were attending the same high-school. Soundcloud became their platform in remixing popular songs such as Ed Sheeran- “Shape of You”, Shawn Mendes- “There's Nothing Holding Me Back”, and Alessia Cara- “Scars to Your Beautiful.” The catchy tunes and melodies they incorporate into each remix created an interest in many Soundcloud users. Aside from being DJ’s and remixing pop songs, Sam and Tobias are instrumentalists, releasing original music, including “I Miss Myself” with HRVY and “Keep You VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Travis Hawley of Night Riots Talks Sailing, Italy Travels, New Album After a three year span between albums, Night Riots delivered their third studio album, New State Of Mind on Sumerian Records in July. With songs conceived over the past five years to the recent twelve months, the music is a notably more positive and upbeat compared to the clear dark undertones that were plentiful throughout their previous album, Love Gloom. "We worked really hard on this record... It's a new sound and throw back at the same time. All the songs are bops to me," says lead singer Travis Hawley. Tracks like "Tokyo Diamond Eyes" and "Leave INTERVIEW: Boy Scouts Talks Tour, Debut Album Release, & Her Golden Retriever Oakland native, Taylor Vicks who goes under the artist name “Boy Scouts” began her music career as a DIY artist, recording songs on her laptop and using Garageband as her framework, she's released a total of three albums. Taylor’s proper debut album “Free Company” was released on ANTI-Records this year. The tracks are a blend of highs and lows, her simplistic instrumental approach focuses on her unique melancholic voice which puts you at ease, and her heartfelt lyrics create a sense of familiarity and connection within each song. Boy Scouts will be opening for Jay Som on her nationwide tour VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Still Woozy at Outside Lands 2019 Still Woozy, born Sven Gamsky, released his debut EP, Lately, in May earlier this year to much critical acclaim for his sunny, psychedelic pop songs that fuse a unique blend of electronic and acoustic elements. The EP features the track, "Lava", that's been a B-Sides favorite. In speaking about the song, Gamsky stated, "I wrote "Lava" after getting in a fight with the person I love. You feel multiple things in these moments, you feel the hurt and frustration of the fight, but you also feel the underlying love like an undercurrent that guides you back to you senses VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Bob Moses at Outside Lands 2019 2019 has been a busy year for Grammy award-winning duo Bob Moses, having been on the road since the release of their sophomore album, Battle Lines late last year. The Vancouver-bred, Los Angeles-based band comprised of Tom Howie and Jimmy Vallance have played milestone festivals this year including Coachella, Governors Ball, Outside Lands, Firefly, Electric Forest and Osheaga. Battle Lines garnered critical acclaim upon its release, which included the single “Back Down” that got significant airplay on commercial radio. In speaking about the album, the duo stated, “This record is about the battles and struggles we VIDEO: INTERVIEW – SYML at Outside Lands 2019 Following an appearance at Outside Lands Festival in San Francisco and a sold-out headline show at Los Angeles’ historic Troubadour, Seattle artist and producer SYML aka Brian Fennell, released his latest single, “Meant To Stay Hid,” from his self-titled debut album that was released in May. SYML described the song as "a personal song about loss. It’s that tangible and uncomfortable whole-body feeling that someone is gone. It’s the reality that our memory of them will fade and change. But it’s also the beautiful, yet unreasonable, hope that we will be with them again. For whatever dark reason, VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Delacey at Outside Lands 2019 Singer-songwriter Delacey got her start in the music industry as a songwriter that started with “New York City” (cut by The Chainsmokers for 2015’s Bouquet). The experience would lead to opportunities to co-write with the likes of Demi Lovato and Zara Larsson amongst others, but it was her work with Halsey’s #1 hit “Without Me” that would give her the profile needed to breakout on her own. Well-known producer L.A. Reid took notice and signed her to his label, HITCO in late 2018. Originally from Orange County, Delacey started writing songs and playing piano at age seven, VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Alex Lahey at Outside Lands 2019 Garnering critical acclaim for her sophomore LP, The Best of Luck Club, 26-year-old Alex Lahey avoided any type of sophomore jinx and continues to satiate a growing fanbase. The album was primarily written in Nashville, TN where Lahey spent quite a bit of time in the local dive bar scene. The album covers a wide range of emotions and topics including self-doubt, burn out, break-ups and mental health. “When I was writing all the stuff in Nashville I was really inspired by the dive bar scene there and the idea that at these dive bars there’s no pretentious energy,” Lahey VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Wallows at Outside Lands 2019 2019 has been a busy year for the Los Angeles-based trio, Wallows. The band released their debut album, Nothing Happens in March and then proceeded to tour through UK, Europe and the U.S. that included playing Coachella, Lollapalooza, Outside Lands and MoPop. The members of Wallows have been friends since the age of 11 - Braeden Lemasters (vocals, guitar), Dylan Minnette (vocals, guitar) and Cole Preston (drums) and bring a wide range of influences to their music ranging from scores to Spike Jonze movies, the Beatles, bedroom pop and lo-fi hip-hop and ’70s post-punk as VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Brasstracks at Outside Lands 2019 Fresh off their performance at Outside Lands in San Francisco, Brasstracks just released their new single, "Professional" on August 9th. It follows up their live version of songs from their early 2019 EP Before We Go, recorded at the historic Studio B at Capitol Studios in Hollywood, CA. As a performance duo, they combine jazz trumpet, live drums, hip hop and guest vocals to create an audio and live experience. Brasstracks, comprised of Ivan Jackson and Conor Rayne, met while studying jazz at NYC's Manhattan School of Music. With the confidence gained from a growing on-line VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Talkie Perform Acoustic, Talk ‘Everything Matters’ San Francisco Bay Area band, Talkie, released Everything Matters earlier this year, their second full album release in a year, following up 2018's Fundamental Things. It's no coincidence, as both albums were pretty much written and recorded during the same timeframe. The band had numerous songs written prior to Fundamental Things but after they were nearly completed, there was a clearly a difference in their vibe. The band stated, "We started this one at the same time we started the last one because they were supposed to be one. But then when we were looking at VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Potty Mouth Talk ‘Snafu’, L.A. Lifestyle, Perform “I Wanna” Rock trio, Potty Mouth released their long-awaited sophomore LP SNAFU in March to an eagerly awaiting audience and positive reviews. Six years after the release of the band's acclaimed 2013 debut album Hell Bent, SNAFU was inspired by the band standing firm in not comprising to the traditional standards of the music industry. "Our approach made things take longer, but it gave us more creative freedom," said bassist Ally Einbinder. "To have that flexibility was so helpful, and the amount we grew and learned during the making of this record is the product of a lot of VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Yeek Talks ‘IDK Where’, Genreless Label, Jesse Rutherford Collaboration Twenty-eight-year-old singer, songwriter, and producer Yeek released his new EP IDK WHERE in May to critical acclaim. The new material has stood out due to Yeek's unique take on music blending elements taken from hip hop, rock and pop and includes features from Jesse Rutherford of The Neighbourhood, fellow Floridian native Dominic Fike and Umi. Yeek, a stage name he's had since middle school growing up in South Florida, was exposed to a wide spectrum of music from his family- his brother showed him hardcore and punk, which would lead Yeek to drum in various punk bands, his VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Mini Mansions Talk New Album, Intimate Song Material Mini Mansions just released their new album, Guy Walks Into A Bar... on July 26, 2019 to much critical acclaim. Upon the release, Michael Shuman of Mini Mansions stated, “We’ve waited years for this day, and we can’t be more excited to release our third LP, Guy Walks Into a Bar... It wasn’t an easy record to make. It tested our interpersonal relationships within the band, as well as my own personal struggles in my past romantic relationship. But those hurdles have helped us to produce, as I see it, our most honest and self-reflective record to date. We VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Scarypoolparty Talks Trent Reznor, American Idol Experience, Forging Ahead Twenty-four year old Pomona, CA native Alejandro Aranda aka Scarypoolparty received nationwide attention when he auditioned for the seventeenth season of American Idol. His audition overwhelming impressed the judges Lionel Richie and Luke Bryan prompting Richie to say: "This guy is freaking unbelievable" and Bryan adding "I feel like I'm in the presence of greatness". From being homeschooled, working numerous jobs including as a dishwasher while busking, to now selling out shows, Aranda is the epitome of hard work paying off when a great opportunity presented itself. Aranda started playing music at a young age, but didn't VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Suzi Wu Talks Damon Albarn, Current EP ‘Error 404’ "Loud and proud" twenty-one year old UK singer Suzi Wu (surname: McDermott) recently signed with Def Jam Records, who garnered the attention from actor/singer Jared Leto after he tweeted about Wu's song "Taken Care Of" stating, "Great song +video. Should have 20mm views, not 20k!! Check it out." Out not with her second EP Error 404, preceded by Teenage Witch, Wu has shown different skills with each piece of work, stating, “I wrote this EP in a time of transition from my previous releases to something more electronic. I was writing poetically about things that are artificial." Her VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Chase Atlantic Talk ‘Phases’; Music “underlies truth and realism” Formerly known as boy band What About Tonight when 2/3 of the members auditioned for season 4 of Australia's The X Factor, emerged Chase Atlantic. The dark alt-R&B pop trio consisting of brothers Clinton Cave (guitar & saxophone), Mitchel Cave (vocals), and close friend Christian Anthony (vocals & guitar) evolved as grown men finding their sound and breaking that stigma as 'TV boy band'. "We've gone through trial and error. Everything we learned is through experience. We saw the music industry early on. We have to do so much better to reach our goals" says Chase Atlantic. After releasing a INTERVIEW: RVBY MY DEAR Talks Album Waiting, Touring, and Green Day Australian native/ New York-based artist Gabbi Coenen aka RVBY MY DEAR is proving herself much more than just another indie musician. Coenen who had the music bug bite her by the age of four when she was properly trained in piano. Later, she learned how to play other instruments as music is her passion. She continued on the road following music that she relocated to New York where she studied at a jazz school. By 2012, she formed her project RVBY MY DEAR as a way to express herself through songwriting and performing. Her band was named twice "Artist of VIDEO: INTERVIEW – The Greeting Committee Talk Recording and Live Interpretation of Debut Album Missouri 4-piece band The Greeting Committee (singer Addie Sartino, guitarist Brandon Yangmi, bassist Pierce Turcotte, & drummer Austin Fraser) all met as teens in high school. Addie, who spent time taking guitar and voice lessons at Music House School of Music in Kansas City, wanted to form a full band and recruited friend Brandon(who also attended Music House) to help with songwriting. Ironically, both their mothers tried setting them up to date and although it didn't work out that way, what came about was a bandmate relationship. Brandon picked the band's name after seeing Beatles member John Lennon VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Hey Violet Talk Personal Relationships Effect on Songwriting, “Close To Me” Fresh off a headline mini tour of the U.S., Hey Violet just premiered the video for their new track — “Close My Eyes” on June 21, 2019. Written by Hey Violet with Sean Kennedy, Tim Anderson, and Aron Forbes (the latter two who co-produced), "Close My Eyes" is the second of four new tracks the band is set to release throughout year. “’Close My Eyes’ is essentially about living in a fantasy land, says front-woman Rena Lovelis. “It’s about the idea of still wanting to be with an ex who has already moved on. There’s definitely a level of VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Amber Bain of The Japanese House Talks Debut Album, Forthcoming New Music Good At Falling, the debut album by The Japanese House, received rave reviews upon its release on March 1, 2019 via Interscope Records. The highly anticipated album follows up a handful of EPs that featured Bain as a prolific songwriter whose lyrics have resonated with a growing fanbase. Good At Falling is self-described as reflective on Bain's personal life, relationship, and heartache, as she surmised, "how easy falling in love can be and falling from a relationship can be even harder." Bain describes falling in love as "a portal/dimension into a whole other world". The personal VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Flora Cash Talk New Music, Success of “You’re Somebody Else” As innovation blurs borders and connects individuals everywhere, the world continues to get smallerby way of social media, video chats, and so on and so forth. When two kindred spirits cross paths 4,249 miles away from each other, magic still feels like the best possible explanationhow...Flora Cash emerged at such an intersection. As a testament to the power of the internet bringing societies and people together, such is the story of how Flora Cash not only formed as a musical project but of two people falling in love. Circa 2012, Minneapolis native Cole Randall uploaded his music to Soundcloud, where VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Léon Talks ‘Live From The Village’, New Material Swedish singer and songwriter Léon (aka Lotta Lindgren) was born into a musical family with her father being a composer and her mother a cellist. It's no wonder that Léon would follow pursuit in the same musical direction. Before becoming a solo artist, Léon was in a high school hip-hop soul group. With influences including Amy Winehouse, Lauryn Hill, Beyonce, Etta James, & Stevie Wonder, Léon made a strong impression with her debut single, “Tired of Talking,” which garnered critical acclaim, millions of streams and an immediate growing fanbase. Releasing her self-titled debut album in 2018, Léon built VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Olivia O’Brien Talks Debut Album, Live Performances Nineteen year old Napa Valley native Olivia O'Brien first released her song "i hate u, i love u" on Soundcloud in 2017 when she got the attention from rapper gnash. From there, O'Brien has made a name for herself, collaborating with G-Eazy & Jesse Rutherford of The Neighbourhood to performing at Outside Lands last year. The Los Angeles-based singer recently released her debut album Was It Even Real? at a record release (4/26) show in San Francisco, stating to the crowd, "San Francisco is my favorite city in America if not the world. It's the best day to spend my VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Big Wild at Shaky Beats 2019 Big Wild's debut album Superdream, was released on February 1, 2019 and has amassed over 9 million streams online and features the producer on vocals, accomapnied by vocalists Rationale (London, UK) and iDA HAWK (Brooklyn, US). Big Wild has garnered considerable buzz and cultivated an impressive fan base from his work with Hundred Waters and TroyBoi, as well as remixes with CHVRCHES, GRiZ, Sylvan Esso, ZHU and more. A full EP of Superdream Remixes is set for release on June 14th, which will feature versions of tracks "City of Sound," "Purple Sand (My Home)" and "Heaven," with mixes VIDEO: INTERVIEW – HONNE Talk Work With Chris Martin, RM of BTS U.K.-based electro-soul duo, HONNE, successfully released their sophomore album, Love Me/Love Me Not, last yearthat features contributions from a diverse cast of collaborators, ranging from Tom Misch, Anna of the North, Nana Rogues (who produced Drake’s ‘Passionfruit’) and Georgia. The band's name (“Honne” meaning your true feelings, those you keep to yourself), the name of their early record label (“Tatemae”, which reflects what you display in public), plus the fact that this dichotomy between an online persona and actual reality is described as starker since when they first started making music. “Those two sides have been rooted in INTERVIEW: GG Magree at Shaky Beats 2019 by Kenny Ngo - 05/26/2019 As a rising star in Australia's electronic music industry, GG Magree has been entertaining audiences as a multi-talented Trap/Bass DJ. In 2016, Magree made her vocal debut on "Frontlines", a track she collaborated on with NGHTMRE and Zeds Dead. The Sydney-born producer has sold out shows, performed at festivals such as Tomorrowland and Hard Festival, established brand partnerships, and produced original releases. Outside of music, Magree is also the founder of her own streetwear brand called YEAH PUSSY. B-Sides TV reporter Mariana Alzate caught up with GG Magree at the Shaky Beats Music Festival in Atlanta where she discussed about VIDEO: INTERVIEW – J.S. Ondara Talks ‘Tales of America’, American Pop Culture Twenty-six year old musician J.S Ondara has his own American tale of coming to the United States six years ago. Originally from Nairobi, Kenya to now living in cold Minnesota after being selected from a green card lottery, Ondara shares his life story and the American Dream he envisioned. Ondara discovered American music at a young age through pirated songs, gravitating towards Radiohead, Nirvana, Death Cab For Cutie and American alt-rock. It wasn't until he mistakenly identified the song "Knocking on Heaven's Door"(an original by Bob Dylan) as a Guns N' Roses original that he became infatuated VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Sasha Sloan Talks Anxiety, Plans For New Music Singer/songwriter Sasha Sloan began establishing herself as one to watch last fall when she wrote and appeared on "This Town" with Kygo, King Henry's "I'll Be There," and on "Falls" with ODESZA. At a young age, Sloan has always been musically inclined playing piano and even buying chord books of Queen. After moving to L.A at nineteen, her musical growth expanded from writing songs for Charli XCX, Camila Cabello, and Dua Lipa to even touring with CHVRCHES, Joywave, and playing at Outside Lands. "I didn't know writing for people was a job" says Sloan. Aside from penning lyrics INTERVIEW: Last Dinosaurs’ Sean Caskey speaks sold out shows and Yumeno Garden by Jisselle Fernandez - 05/07/2019 After naming their band off a song from a J-rock band The Pillows, Australian indie rock band Last Dinosaurs (vocalist Sean Caskey, guitarist Lachlan Caskey, bassist Michael Sloane, and drummer Dan Koyama) have been receiving global attention from their previous records: In A Million Years, Wellness, and Yumeno Garden. Even getting heavy rotation on Triple J radio leading to performances at big-name festivals also touring with Foals, Foster the People, to Matt & Kim. Now, Last Dinosaurs are headlining their own shows in America. After their soundcheck, frontman Sean Caskey spoke to us about sold out tours, writing in Japan VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Methyl Ethel Talk ‘Triage’, Jake Webb’s Discovery of The Cure Methyl Ethel released their latest studio album, Triage, on February 15, 2019 via 4AD, the third album in a triptych started with Oh Inhuman Spectacle (2015) and continued with Everything Is Forgotten (2017), which was named Best Independent Album by AIR, the Australian Independent Record Labels Association. After touring and promoting their album, Everything Is Forgotten, Jake Webb of Methyl Ethel returned to Western Australia and got to work on the material for the album, stating, "I got obsessed with a lot of theory, essentially trying to discover how songs work." Methyl Ethel is the musical project of Webb, but VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Broods Talk ‘Don’t Feed The Pop Monster’, Working with Dan The Automator The third studio album by Broods, Don’t Feed The Pop Monster, was released on February 1, 2019, to much anticipation after three years since their last release. The LP produced previously released tracks “Falling Apart,” “Hospitalized,” “Everything Goes (Wow),” and lead single “Peach.” The brother and sister duo consisting of Caleb & Georgia Nott, took a different tact when approaching the songwriting process for the album, having traveled numerous countries and cities including, Nicaragua, Sweden, New Zealand, Nashville and San Francisco. They worked with Joel Little who produced for fellow New Zealand artist, Lorde, along with Swedish VIDEO: INTERVIEW – SG Lewis Talks Miami Music Week `19, Early Start in Music, ‘Dusk, Dark, Dawn’ British producer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist SG Lewis recently released his collaborative single with Clairo ‘Throwaway’ via Casablanca/Republic Records to much anticipation. The track follows ‘Blue’ as the second to come from ‘Dawn’, the third and final installment of his hugely ambitious three-part concept album Dusk, Dark, Dawn, out later this year. SG Lewis stated that Dusk, Dark,Dawn chronicles the trajectory of a night out through its different moods and genres and serves as a tribute to club and youth culture. While Dusk (released earlier in 2018) blended disco, smooth electro and funk and Dark explored distinctly heavier yet still VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Nitti Gritti Talks Miami Music Week `19, New Music Electronic producer and performer, Nitti Gritti, made quite the impression last year as producer of Enrique Iglesias & Pitbull’s “Move To Miami”, accumulating over 60 million streams to date. Nitti Gritti gained notoriety with his remixes of tracks like San Holo's "Lights" and Kanye's "All of the Lights," remix which has been played by dozens of industry heavyweights such as Diplo, Jauz, NGHTMRE, Mija, Ookay, Tiesto and others. In short time, Nitti Gritti has seen major success with a number of releases including "Too Much”, "Famous," along with his recent remix of Bazzi’s “Mine”. Nitti Gritti took a VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Don Diablo at Miami Music Week `19 Don Diablo is one of dance music’s perennially pioneering forces. The talented Dutchman was recently named the “#1 most-played producer” on 1001 Tracklists and is called “Future House’s Founding Father” by EDM.com. Diablo regularly averages upwards of 8.5 million monthly listeners on Spotify, making him one of the platform’s “Top 300 Most-Listened to Artists” with over half-a-billion streams to date. The DJ/producer has garnered the respect from the likes of Gucci Mane, Diplo, Emeli Sandé, Calum Scott, Ansel Elgort, Kelis, Alex Clare, Dragonette, A R I Z O N A and Tiësto, who have collaborated with Don, VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Dillon Nathaniel Talks Miami Music Week`19 In just a few short years, Dillon Nathaniel graduated from the Icon Collective, a respected music production school in Los Angeles, and wound up gaining the attention of notable electronic producers A-Trak, Destructo, Chris Lake, Richy Ahmed, DJ Snake, Gorgon City, Kyle Watson and Tchami. Signing to Big Beat Records, his music gained traction from mainstream audiences with exposure from BBC Radio 1, Rinse FM and Sirius XM. The former audio engineer and gear junkie found his footing in music at an early age as a vocalist and guitar player. His father hoped to impress upon him INTERVIEW: Ten Fé talks new album Future Perfect, Present Tense British band Ten Fé (Spanish for "Have Faith") may have started as a duo between Leo Duncan and Ben Moorhouse but have grown into a 5-piece group (bassist Ron Shipley, keyboardist Johnny Drain, and drummer Alex Hammond). Now that their busking days are over, Ten Fé are touring in support of their new sophomore album Future Perfect, Present Tense. The album is maturity at its finest with rich melodies and instrumentations that the band spent effort amount of time. The inspiring summer 70s sound makes anyone want to sing these songs during a campfire. Read more into detail what frontman Leo VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Dexter Tortoriello of Houses Talks ‘Drugstore Heaven’, Rave Music LA-based songwriter/producer Dexter Tortoriello AKA Houses has been getting much attention recently from the band's current single “Fast Talk” that's resonated on commercial radio. The track is one of four featured on the band's latest EP, Drugstore Heaven, their first new material in nearly five years and was shaped by Tortoriello’s exploration of rave and drum-and-bass artists from the late ’90s. Though the new EP is Houses’ first release since the A Quiet Darkness LP, the past few years have been busy for Tortoriello with work as Dawn Golden (his producer project via Mad Decent), co-production/writing for Lil VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Adia Victoria Talks ‘Silences’, Meeting The Strokes Nashville-based singer/songwriter Adia Victoria is currently on tour in support of her second full-length studio album, Silences, released on February 22, 2019 via Canvasback Music. The follow-up to her critically-acclaimed debut, Beyond The Bloodhounds was recorded with Aaron Dessner (The National) at his studio in upstate New York and covers topics of mental illness, drug addiction, sexism, and all the elements that consume the day-to-day lives of women attempting to make a world of their own. Victoria had to learn how to adjust to her new and more public life that her music brought to her and the VIDEO: INTERVIEW – mxmtoon Talks Debut EP ‘Plum Blossom’, Postponing College Eighteen year old Bay Area singer and songwriter, Maia aka mxmtoon, has garnered a loyal and growing fanbase from making YouTube vlogs and tutorials along with sharing her music on SoundCloud. She began playing the ukulele in middle school as part of the new music curriculum and ever since they've been inseparable. Her debut EP Plum Blossom was recently released and hits home many universal themes for high schoolers, and high school grads, such as falling in love and crushes. Plum Blossom is a mix of sad and romantic songs that mxmtoon shared is a therapeutic diary VIDEO: INTERVIEW – MNEK Talks ‘Language’, Collaborations, Choregraphy UK singer/songwriter MNEK, who stands at 6'3", has come a long way in his music and writing career. The talented performer started writing poems at eight years old and posting them to MySpace during his teens to make connections, in which he would eventually sign his first publishing deal at age 14. The Grammy nominated record producer has written songs for many recognized artists including, Beyonce, Madonna, Dua Lipa, Christina Aguilara, MØ, and so many more. Realizing now is the right time to tell his own story via music, MNEK released his debut album, Language, in late 2018, which VIDEO: INTERVIEW – BAYNK Talks New Music, Maintaining Independent Chemical engineering major turned music producer, Jock Nowell-Usticke aka BAYNK altered his career path from the safe and cerebral environment of engineering to the world of music. Upon graduating with the engineering degree, BAYNK relied on the safety net of his formal education to take a leap into a music career after experimenting and working on music while at school. The New Zealand native gained popularity through his Soundcloud page for his single "Sundae" back in 2016. The track was the harbinger for the burgeoning artist after he wrote songs everyday for the previous 60-70 The profile for singer/songwriter Njomza has been raised considerably as of late due to her work co-writing chart-topping songs for Ariana Grande, "Thank You, Next" and "7 Rings", which Njomza has a cameo, but she's been making music for many years now. Born in Germany to Albanian parents and raised in Chicago, Njomza was discovered by the late Mac Miller, who caught one of her uploaded covers, and was the first artist signed to his label Remember Music. Settling in Los Angeles, she cameoed on “Planet God Damn” from Miller’s acclaimed 2016 offering, The Divine Feminine. 2017 VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Aurora Talks ‘Infections of A Different Kind’, New Music Norwegian singer/songwriter Aurora released her sophomore record, Infections of a Different Kind (Step 1) in 2018 to critical acclaim and an eager fan base that has grown considerably over the course of her career. The album is part of a two-part album that Aurora describes is divided into "steps", the first album as one for "us" and the second album (Step 2), as an album for "the world". The lead single from the album, “Queendom”, is not only notable due to the lyrics representing female empowerment, but also the sonic aspect that showcases Aurora's knack for creating dancy VIDEO: INTERVIEW – The Aces Talk ‘Mogul’ Catchphrase, Career Growth Since the release of their debut record, When My Heart Felt Volcanic, in early 2018 via Red Bull Records, The Aces have garnered critical praise and a fast-growing fanbase. Kicking off 2019 with their highly anticipated first headlining run, the band is in the midst of their "Waiting For You" tour, where nearly all 28 dates have sold out so far, including shows at iconic venues around North America such as The Troubadour in Los Angeles, CA and Lincoln Hall in Chicago, IL, as well as two consecutive nights at Bowery Ballroom in New York City. The four-piece from Orem, VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Mallrat Talks ‘In The Sky’, Live Shows Australian artist, Mallrat, had a busy 2018 touring and captivating audiences while touring with Maggie Rogers in the US, opening for Post Malone and headlining festivals across Australia. Making a big impression during SXSW last year, The New York Times named her as one of 17 Acts That Stood Out At The Fest. Mallrat, nee Grace Shaw, has grown from her humble beginnings as a tween rapper in the suburbs of Brisbane, Australia and showed growth in her music with her second EP, In The Sky, that is noted for her refreshingly honest observations of day-to-day life, her VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Cautious Clay Talks ‘Table of Context’, Collaborations R&B Brooklyn artist Joshua Karpeh aka Cautious Clay has been creating a buzz on Soundcloud, NPR, and even grabbing interest from other peers in the industry ranging from his work with John Mayer and Hudson Mohawke to his collaboration with AlunaGeorge on her song "Superior Emotion", along with Billie Eilish for remixing her song "Ocean Eyes". Garnering attention in 2017 for the song, "Cold War", Cautious Clay released his highly anticipated debut EP Blood Type in 2018 that was followed up by the single, "Reasons". Karpeh's journey into music wasn't a predictable one even though he started playing VIDEO: INTERVIEW – Zach Sutton & Nathan Stocker of Hippo Campus Talk ‘Bambi’ Hippo Campus approached the making of their sophomore album, Bambi, with the intention of undoing any of the distorted, social-media-fueled perceptions of the band. “Social media promotes this weird non-reality when it comes to artists and bands, where they get put up on a pedestal and treated like some kind of upgraded human,” says guitarist Nathan Stocker. “We’d much rather make community happen with our fans, which is the whole reason we started this in the first place.” The four-piece steered away from their usual collaborative songwriting process, with each band member, Jake Luppen, Nathan Stocker, Zach Sutton INTERVIEW: In The Valley Below Talks Life After L.A, Parenthood, and Music L.A band In The Valley Below (Angela Gail & Jeffrey Jacob) have been together for the past eight years. After musically bonding in SXSW, In The Valley Below was born-- releasing EPs and their first full length album The Belt in 2014. The lead single, "Peaches" landed them on late night TV with David Letterman and Conan. They've been busy touring in festivals also performing with other musical acts like White Lies, Cold War Kids, and Sir Sly. The band's sophomore album The Pink Chateau on Bright Antenna Records will be released in April and have an exciting film project to Proudly powered by WordPress Theme: AccessPress Mag.

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Metropolis (Live at Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Label: Bmg Rights Management (Uk) Limited We Are Motörhead (Live at Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) No Class (Live at Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) I'm so Bad (Baby I Don't Care) (Live at Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Over Your Shoulder (Live at Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Civil War (Live at Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Overnight Sensation (Live at Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) God Save the Queen (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Born to Raise Hell (Live at Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) The Chase Is Better Than the Catch (Live at Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Stay Out of Jail (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Dead Men Tell No Tales (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) You Better Run (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Sacrifice (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Orgasmatron (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Going to Brazil (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Broken (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Damage Case (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Iron Fist (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Killed by Death (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Bomber (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Ace of Spades (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Overkill (Live At Brixton Academy, London, England, October 22, 2000) Derniers albums de Motörhead Better Motörhead Than Dead (Live At Hammersmith)

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Big Innings Doom Oilers at Ohio Valley Findlay (6-9, 1-5) 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 6 8 3 Ohio Valley (4-14, 4-2) 0 5 0 0 1 1 X 7 8 1 Findlay (6-8, 1-4) 0 0 1 1 0 1 2 2 2 9 12 0 Ohio Valley (3-14, 3-2) 0 0 2 0 5 0 6 2 X 15 13 3 2B: Nic Varda; Austin Rawlins; Trevor Anderson; Jordan Williams HR: Derrick Herd 2B: Daniel Quinn HR: Mitchell Lohr 2B: Tyler Burley; Casey Gould; Trevor Anderson; Jordan Williams 2 HR: Tyler Burley; Austin Rawlins 2B: Jack Skantze; Bryen Kimbrough; Fransisco Morales Sierra HR: Bryen Kimbrough Vienna, WV – The University of Findlay baseball team went south for their second Great Midwest Athletic Conference (G-MAC) matchups of the season as they took on the Ohio Valley Fighting Scots in a double-header on Saturday, March 23. The Oilers dropped both contests to fall to 6-9 on the year and 1-5 in league play while the Fighting Scots improve to 4-14 overall and 4-2 in the G-MAC. Game 1 Box Score (L 15-9) On a sunny day in Vienna, the Oilers took an early lead in the opener, scoring one run in the top of the third inning when senior Derrick Herd drove in junior Jordan Williams with a sac fly. That lead did not last long as a two-run home run in the bottom of the third gave the home team a 2-1 lead through three. Findlay answered with a single run in the fourth to tie the game at 2-2, but Ohio Valley broke the game open with five runs in the fifth. The Oilers cut the Fighting Scots' lead to 7-5 with a single run in the sixth on a double from senior Trevor Anderson and two runs in the seventh on a home run by sophomore Tyler Burley. But, again, the Fighting Scots had a big inning as an answer, this time to the tune of six runs in the seventh. Findlay scored two runs in the eighth and two more in the ninth, but it was not enough to overcome the torrid offense that Ohio Valley displayed. Tyler Burley, senior Nic Varda, and Jordan Williams each had two hits in the game to lead Findlay, which had 12 hits in the game. Burley had two RBI and a run scored while Williams scored a pair of runs. Junior Austin Rawlins had a two-run home run in the ninth inning in a pinch-hit situation to finish the game with two RBI. Senior Mark Delas took the loss on the mound to fall to 1-1 on the year. He tossed five innings and allowed seven runs, all earned, on eight hits. He walked four and struck out seven. Game 2 Box Score (L 7-6) Another big inning would doom the Oilers in the second contest of the day. After a scoreless first inning, Ohio Valley put up five runs in the bottom of the second inning to take control of the nightcap. The home team added a run in the fifth to take a 6-0 lead with just two innings to play. Findlay did not quit as they would explode for six runs of their own in the sixth inning. Freshman Alex Foulks led off the inning getting hit by a pitch. Derrick Herd would then drive the ball over the wall for a two-run bomb that put Findlay's first two runs of the game on the board. After a pair of strikeouts, Austin Rawlins doubled and was followed by another hit by pitch. Trevor Anderson then doubled to plate two runs. Tyler Archambeau singled to cut the lead to 6-5 and after a wild pitch, Jordan Williams doubled down the left field line to tie the game at 6-6. That did not last as Ohio Valley would score the go-ahead run on a wild pitch in the bottom of the sixth. Findlay had life in the seventh as a double and a single put two runners on, but a fly ball to center field ended the contest and gave OVU the sweep. Derrick Herd had one hit, a two-run home run, two pick up two RBI and a run scored while Trevor Anderson also had a hit, two RBI, and one run scored. Ryan Mohr got the start for Findlay and threw five innings, allowing six runs, one earned, on six hits. He walked one and struck out four. Freshman closer Trey Bame took the loss on the hill as he allowed the sixth inning run for OVU. Bame had two strikeouts. The Oilers will wrap up the series with OVU on Sunday, March 24 in OVU with a double-header starting at 1:00 pm.

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Really Retro: Sergio Leone Meets Norse Legend WHEN THE RAVEN FLIES at The Plaza & A Retrospective on Vikings in the Movies Posted on: Jun 20th, 2013 By: Anya99 WHEN THE RAVEN FLIES (Iceland/Sweden 1984); Dir. Hrafn Gunnlaugsson; Starring Jakob Þór Einarsson; Sunday, June 23; 3 p.m.; Plaza Theatre; Preshow presentation and weapons/crafts for sale by Sons of Loki; Sponsored by Scandinavian American Foundation of Georgia; $8 general admission, $6 for SAFG members; PG-13; violence; parents should exercise caution when bringing children; Trailer; Facebook event page. By Anya Martin Vikings may come from cold climates, but Dark Age Scandinavians are hot right now, at least on screen. The TV series, VIKINGS, was such a hit that The History Channel has renewed it for a second season. With promises of capturing the authentic violence of the Vikings in Dark Age Britain, HAMMER OF THE GODS (2013) hits theaters July 5. The main villain in THE AVENGERS (2012) was Norse trickster god Loki, and THOR: THE DARK WORLD, a second feature about that Norse-God-turned-Marvel-Superhero premieres in November. Even Mel Gibson supposedly has BERSERKER, a “real and visceral” Viking feature in preproduction. In the midst of this seeming Viking fever, critically acclaimed Viking adventure movie WHEN THE RAVEN FLIES (HRAFNINN FLYGUR) will get a rare return to the big screen at the Plaza Theatre on Sun. June 23 at 3 p.m. WHEN THE RAVEN FLIES recounts an Irishman’s quest for revenge on the Viking raiders who savagely killed his parents and abducted his sister. Ancient Norse gods figure prominently in the plot, and the prerequisite violence ensues. However, the film is as much a Western in its structure as a mythological saga with striking visuals of the desert replaced by stunning cinematography of the unique Icelandic landscape. Director Hrafn Gunnlaugsson describes himself as a disciple of Sergio Leone, John Ford and Akira Kurosawa, and the influence of all three is apparent. WHEN THE RAVEN FLIES is evocative of A FISTFUL OF DOLLARS, in that a mysterious stranger Gestur (Jakob Þór Einarsson) plays off tensions between Thor and Erik, the two brothers who lead the Viking band. Poster for EMBLA, aka THE WHITE VIKING. WHEN THE RAVEN FLIES has won several awards, including being voted one of the outstanding films of the 1980s at the Tokyo International Film Festival and Gunnlaugsson winning the 1985 Guldbagge Award for Best Direction, the Swedish equivalent to the Oscars. It was also nominated for the 1986 International Fantasy Film Award for Best Film.The movie is the first of the Raven Trilogy, which includes IN THE SHADOW OF THE RAVEN (Í SKUGGA HRAFNSINS, 1987) and EMBLA (2007), aka the director’s cut of THE WHITE VIKING (1991), which was originally edited by that film’s producers without Gunnlaugsson’s approval. If the melding of real Viking lore and Leone couldn’t be cool enough, the screening will be preceded by a live weapons demonstration by the Sons of Loki. These contemporary Vikings will also be present in the Plaza Lobby before and after the movie with Viking handicrafts and weaponry for sale and to answer questions about Scandinavian culture in the Dark Ages. Still over the history of Hollywood, Viking movies have been relatively rare, compared to other historic-based genres such as the Western or the sword-and-sandle epic. And good ones with any relevance to actual Viking culture even rarer. Therefore, at ATLRetro, we decided to dig a little deeper to excavate a brief saga of Norse-inspired cinema. THE VIKING (1928). The first appearance of Vikings on film that we could find was THE VIKING (1928), a silent that chronicles Leif Ericsson‘s journey to the New World. The costumes apparently are strictly Wagner, the weaponry inauthentic and the actual history tenuous, but Leif’s father enthusiastically slaughters Christians and Princess Helga has a sexy winged helmet and heavy black eyeliner. Unfortunately, Hollywood didn’t return to the world of the Vikings until the 1950s when a sudden splash of features hit the big screen. The first, PRINCE VALIANT (1954), was based on the popular comics series, directed by Henry Hathaway (who would go on to direct TRUE GRIT[1969]) and starred a young Robert Wagner. It was a fun sword-and-sorcery romp with links to the King Arthur legend and the bonus that the sword actually sung, but the plot has virtually nothing to do with authentic Vikings. Always one to follow a trend as cheaply as possible, Roger Corman followed with THE SAGA OF THE VIKING WOMEN TO THE WATERS OF THE GREAT SEA SERPENT (1957). In this cheesy fantasy frolic, a young way-pre-FALCON CREST Abby Dalton leads a bevy of scantily clad Norse babes to battle a monster and rescue a missing man. Then came THE VIKINGS (1958), the first actual epic Hollywood treatment starring Kirk Douglas, Tony Curtis, Ernest Borgnine and Janet Leigh. Full of battles and striking cinematography in Norwegian locations, this romanticized story of two brother vying for a Welsh princess was directed by Richard Fleischer (20,000 LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA [1954]) and also benefitted from visual designs by Harper Goff, another 20,000 LEAGUES veteran as art director. Some time around then, by the way, was the only other Norse-inspired TV series, TALES OF THE VIKINGS, which ran about 19 episodes from 1959-60. Alas most of the footage is lost, but it lifted scenes and props directly from THE VIKINGS movie. You can hear the jaunty theme song here! Oh, wait, there was also the silly British children’s cartoon NOGGIN THE NOG which ran from 1959 to the mid-70s. Italian giallo director Mario Bava (DANGER:DIABOLIK; BARON BLOOD) also tried his hand on two spaghetti Viking features, ERIK THE CONQUEROR (1961) and KNIVES OF THE AVENGER (1966) with American action hero Cameron Mitchell, who would go on to become best known as Uncle Buck in 1960s TV Western series THE HIGH CHAPARRAL. The first steals its tale of two brothers plot directly from THE VIKINGS, but is noteworthy for rich cinematography, strong action and dancing vestal virgins. California-based living history and educational group, the Vikings of Bjornstad point out in their wonderful Viking Movie List (see link at end), “This is a Viking-related movie. It’s 786 AD. The ships had red and white striped sails. Once in a while, someone yells “Odin!'” They go on to mention inaccurate costumes that even sometimes have clearly visible zippers, an “underground throne room left over from some Biblical Philistine movie” and a Viking village that seems to be made out of Lincoln logs. KNIVES OF THE AVENGER is basically a spaghetti Western reset in the Dark Ages mixed with pirates, supernatural magic and lots of knife-throwing which the trusty Vikings of Bjornstad spare no punches to declare “Worst Viking Movie Ever!” As for Cameron Mitchell, maybe he aspired to be the Clint Eastwood of Italian Viking epics since he also starred in THE LAST OF THE VIKINGS (L’ULTIMO DEI VIKINGHI, 1961) and ATTACK OF THE NORMANS (I NORMANNI, 1962). Charlton Heston is THE WAR LORD (1965). In general, the 1960s weren’t good to the Vikings on screen, whether outright fantasy or not. THE LONG SHIPS (1964) is a lightweight adventure about a Viking quest for a golden bell in the Holy Land. Directed by Jack Cardiff, cinematographer of THE VIKINGS, and starring Richard Widmark as a Viking warrior and Sidney Poitier as a Moorish king, the movie is not really very Viking except for the presence of a long ship and round shields. But the action scenes nonetheless are amplified by lush Yugoslavian locations, and the titles were designed by Maurice Binder who crafted the Bond openers. Not surprisingly, Charlton Heston also did an obligatory stint as a Norman war lord in THE WAR LORD (1965) charged with defending his Duke’s land again Frisian invaders, who are costumed to look like Vikings, not a far stretch considering they came from near Denmark and were eventually conquered. Despite the stringy chainmail and Hollywood backlot locations, The Vikings of Bjornstad give this one a thumbs up, noting that Heston is well cast and it’s “one of the few films that touches on the differences between the Christian Normans and the pagans they ruled.” They also wouldn’t mind seeing a better update of another Hollywood film that had potential, ALFRED THE GREAT (1969), which starred David Hemmings as King Alfred and Michael York as Viking Chief Guthrum. Britain’s Hammer Films, known for its high quality low budget horror, served up THE VIKING QUEEN (1967). The goofy plot is involves women wearing much too little to be comfortable in British climates, a Viking-Roman forbidden romance and a Brits versus Romans rebellion which evokes Celtic tribal queen Boudicca. Nobody obviously cared to check and see that Vikings didn’t raid the U.K. coast until long after the Romans had already left. Meanwhile, Danish film HAGBARD AND SIGNE (aka THE RED MANTLE/DEN RODE KAPPE, 1967) transplanted a ROMEO AND JULIET storyline to two warring Viking families. Filmed in Iceland, Roger Ebert called it “a beautiful, lean spare film…the sleeper of the year,” and the Vikings of Bjornstad overall give it a thumbs up for aesthetics and action for the time. Perhaps mercifully the long ships barely got unmoored during the ’70s, with the highest profile feature THE NORSEMAN (1978) sinking at the box office despite starring a hunky Lee Majors, at the peak of his SIX MILLION DOLLAR MAN fame, with a Tom Selleck moustache as Greenland’s Prince Thorvald. It followed the frequent Viking movie plot of a journey to the New Land, in this case to free his father King Eurich (Mel Ferrer) who is imprisoned by Native Americans, and the brawny cast also included quirky character actor Jack Elam, then a Western staple; NFL stars Fred Biletnikoff and Deacon Jones, and Denny Miller (TARZAN THE APE MAN, 1959). Oh, lest we forget, Walt Disney action-adventure flick THE ISLAND AT THE TOP OF THE WORLD (1974) included a lost Viking colony. In the ’80s, ERIK THE VIKING (1989) literally became a bad joke. Alas it was to be a Monty Python vehicle starring Graham Chapman, but while Terry Jones directed and John Cleese plays the villain, audiences just didn’t find it funny maybe because of the sheer unlikelihood of Mickey Rooney, Eartha Kitt and Imogen Stubbs appearing in even a satire of a Norse saga. Tim Robbins valiantly gave his best effort to star as Erik who ironically was tired of marauding and goes on a quest for a magic horn of peace. Well, that’s in the English and apparently Italian speaking world of mainstream movies. In Iceland where Vikings actually lived, the 1980s produced a number of features that purported to be more authentic takes on Norse culture. The first was OUTLAW, THE SAGA OF GISLI (UTLAGINN, 1981), based directly on the Gisla saga. Then director Hrafn Gunnlaugsson embarked on WHEN THE RAVEN FLIES, the film which is playing at the Plaza and became the first installment of a Viking trilogy. Norway also produced THE LITTLEST VIKING (1989), a charming children’s tale about a daydreaming boy who seeks to end a feud with another clan. It apparently has lots of stunning fjord shots. In the ’90s and 2000s, the mainstream Viking feature took a turn towards being more gritty and gory, allegedly to be true to the times or well, because, dark sells movie tickets. Several interesting ventures featuring high-profile directors and actors sailed onto the big screen. The first was ROYAL DECEIT (aka PRINCE OF JUTLAND, 1994), a supposedly period-accurate retelling of HAMLET starring Christian Bale as a sixth century Danish prince whose father (Tom Wilkinson) is murdered by a power-hungry uncle (Gabriel Byrne, who would be back in Viking robes as the surly old chieftain in The History Channel’s VIKINGS this spring). Of course, he has the hots for his hot mama (who else but Helen Mirren?!). The Vikings of Bjornstad like that the costumes, weaponry and sets are simple, hence probably more period accurate, but otherwise found it disappointing despite what would seem to be a strong cast. The European version is 17 minutes longer than the US/Region I DVD version. THE 13TH WARRIOR (1999) Next up is the uber-violent THE VIKING SAGAS (1995), directed by Michael Chapman, the cinematographer of Martin Scorsese‘s RAGING BULL (1980). It starred Ralf Moeller (TV’s CONAN, GLADIATOR) and was actually filmed in Iceland. Alas, the acting and script are not much, but it has a mythic quality with a magic sword – as much a must seemingly for a Viking movie as a medieval fantasy one – and more of an authentic look than most of its predecessors, actual Icelandic movies excepted. And then THE 13TH WARRIOR (1999) nailed the look and feel of a Norse legend perhaps better than any Hollywood film that came before it. Originally titled EATERS OF THE DEAD and based on a Michael Crichton novel, it was meant to be a gory but realistic retelling of BEOWULF, but really more captured the spirit of a Robert E. Howard short story though its outsider hero, an Arab ambassador played by Antonio Banderas, was more spirit and intellect than Conan the Barbarian brawn. Unfortunately, director John McTiernan (DIE HARD, PREDATOR) was not allowed the final cut (the idea of a director’s version someday being released seems increasingly remote especially with McTiernan now in prison). However, enough of McTiernan’s vision remained that THE 13TH WARRIOR acquired a loyal fan following (including a high recommend from ATLRetro and an even better authority – the Vikings of Bjornstad). Yeah, we are going to skip quickly over the disappointing PRINCE VALIANT (1997) – ATLRetro would love to see a PRINCE VALIANT that’s true to Hal Foster‘s wonderful comic which has been recently resurrected by masterful illustrator Gary Gianni, but this is NOT it. And no time is worth devoting to BEOWULF (1999) starring Christopher Lambert who at some point after GREYSTOKE did completely forget how to act. And the Vikings of Bjornstad say everything worth saying about BERSERKER: HELL’S WARRIOR (2004) in this phrase – “time-traveling immortal Viking vampires who wear sunglasses in discotheques…So overdone.” The Vikings of Bjornstad rank Polish movie THE OLD FAIRY TALE (STARA BASN, 2003) as “the best Viking movie” for its historical accuracy. Directed by Jerzy Hoffman, who has been called Poland’s John Ford, the 9th century story revolves around a wicked Polish king and a Viking-raised hero. Apparently, Viking reenactment is big in Poland, which the Vikings of Bjornstad think may have contributed to it, first, getting made, and second, its high quality. Also well worth a view for its stunning Icelandic scenery and interesting take on the quintessential Saxon/Norse legend is BEOWULF AND GRENDEL (2005), starring a pre-300 Gerard Butler and featuring some of the best Viking era costumes of any film. In South Africa-filmed low-budget BEAUTY AND THE BEAST (BLOOD OF BEASTS, 2005), Odin punishes a Viking princess (Jane March) by trapping her in a castle with a beast. A Gallic bande dessinee hero finally gets big-screen treatment in the French animated comedy ASTERIX AND THE VIKINGS (2006) which seems to forget that Vikings weren’t around yet in AD 50. Robert Zemeckis‘s much-touted 3D BEOWULF (2007) honed so close to the original poem, probably thanks to Neil Gaiman being involved in the script, but yes, the animation even of beautiful Angelina Jolie as Grendel’s evil mother, is decidedly creepy. PATHFINDER (2007) starred Karl Urban, who certainly looked mighty Norse as Eomer in THE LORD OF THE RINGS trilogy, as a Viking raised by Native Americans who ends up leading the tribe that raised him in battle against new Viking invaders. A crappy remake of a much better 1987 Norwegian movie, the story really comes from Lapland/Sammi mythology. Directed by Marcus Nispel (TEXAS CHAINSAW MASSACRE [2003], CONAN [2011] ), it’s gory melodrama with lots of mist. The same year (2007) also saw the release of the more serious and well-reviewed SEVERED WAYS: THE NORSE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. Jim Caviezel (THE PASSION OF THE CHRIST) travels back from the future to 8th century Norway in OUTLANDER (2008). Viewers who ignore that this mash-up of Norse mythology and sci-fi is light on history may have silly fun. It features both laser guns and swords, a monster, John Hurt as the old king, Sophia Myles as the prerequisite sexy princess and Ron Perlman as a gruff Viking with, let’s just say, poor manners. And then there’s VALHALLA RISING (2009). Director Nicholas Winding Refn (DRIVE) spares no punches with the ultra-violence in which Christian Vikings and a mute slave (Mads Mikkelsen, HANNIBAL, CASINO ROYALE) headed for the Holy Land get blinded by fog and end up in the New World. An article in Movie Fanfare on the “Top 13 Viking Films You Need to See” (see link at end) perhaps put it best: “VALHALLA RISING plays like THE VIKINGS co-directed by Terrence Malick and Italian gore specialist Umberto Lenzi!” And oh yeah, there was some movie about a Marvel super-hero named THOR (2011). For more about Vikings in the Movies, check out the Vikings of Bjornstad’s Viking Movie List, as well as Movie Fanfare’s “Top 13 Viking Films You Need to See.” Category: Really Retro | Tags: 20, 20000 Leagues Under the Sea, A Fistful of Dollars, Abby Dalton, Akira Kurosawa, Alfred the Great, Antonio Banderas, Anya Martin, Asterix and the Vikings, Attack of the Normans, Beauty and the Beast, Beowulf, Beowulf and Grendel, Berserker, Berserker: Hell's Warrior, Blood of Beasts, cameron Mitchell, Charlton Heston, Christian Bale, Christopher Lambert, Conan, David Hemmings, Deacon Jones, Denny Miller, Eartha Kitt, Embla, Erik the Conqueror, Erik the Viking, Ernest Borgnine, Falcon Crest, Fred Biletnikoff, Gabriel Byrne, Gary Gianni, Gerard Butler, Gisla, Gladiator, Graham Chapman, Hagbard and Signe, Hal Foster, Hamlet, Hammer Films, Hammer of the Gods, Harper Goff, Helen Mirren, Henry Hathaway, High Chaparral, History Channel, Hrafn Gunnlaugsson, Icelandic film, Imogen Stubbs, In the Shadow of the Raven, International Fantasy Film Award, Jack Cardiff, Jack Elam, Jakob Por Einarsson, James Bond, Jane March, Janet Leigh, Jerzy Hoffman, Jim Caviezel, John Cleese, John Ford, John Hurt, John McTiernan, karl urban, King Arthur, Kirk Douglas, Knives of the Avenger, Lee Majors, Leif Ericsson, Loki, lord of the rings, Mads Mikkelsen, Marcus Nippel, Mario Bava, Marvel Comics, Maurice Binder, Mel Ferrer, Michael Chapman, Michael Crichton, michael York, Mickey Rooney, Monty Python, Movie Fanfare, Neil Gaiman, New World, Nicholas Windling Refn, Noggin the Nog, Norse mythology, Odin, Outlander, Outlaw, pathfinder, Plaza Theatre, Polish movie, Prince of Jutland, Prince Valiant, Raging Bull, Ralf Moeller, Raven Trilogy, Richard Fleischer, Richard Widmark, Robert E Howard, Robert Zemeckis, Roger Corman, roger ebert, Romeo and Juliet, Ron Perlman, Royal Deceit, SAFG, saga, Saga of Gisli, Scandinavian-American Foundation of Georgia, Sergio Leone, Severed Ways, Sidney Poitier, Six Million Dollar Man, Sons of Loki, Sophia Myles, spaghetti Western, Stara Basn, Tales of the Vikings, Tarzan the Ape Man, Terence Malick, Terry Jones, The 13th Warrior, The Avengers, The Island at the Top of the World, The Last of the Vikings, The Littlest Viking, The Long Ships, the Norse Discovery of America, The Norseman, The Old Fairy Tale, The Red Mantle, The Sage of the Viking Women to the Waters of the Great Sea Serpent, The Viking, The Viking Queen, The Viking Sagas, The Vikings, The War Lord, The White Viking, Thor, Thor the Dark World Mel Gibson, Tim Robbins, Tokyo International Film Festival, Tom Wilkinson, Tony Curtis, True Grit, Umberto Lenzi, Valhalla Rising, viking movies, vikings, Vikings of Bjornstad, Wagner, Walt Disney, When the Raven Flies

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The Wave Group, Wave City Center, Wave Infratech October 13, 2016 Noida Metro to be the ‘Greenest’ Solar-powered corridor in the nation In a just one year from now, the 29.7 km Noida Metro corridor will become greenest in India. It would be operational with a capacity to generate enough solar power to run not only all 21 stations in the route but also its offices and train depot. These practices are already being followed in the Phase-3 of the Delhi Metro and some of its existing stations. However, Noida Metro will stand out as India’s most environment-friendly Metro project because the entire corridor will homogeneously use solar power, right from its head office to parking lots and footbridges. Noida Metro has set a target of generating 12MW of solar power daily. Noida Metro Railway Corporation’s headquarters in Sector 29 will be the first building in the NCR city to fully generate its own solar power of about 30 kW electricity for the building. For that yield, it is installing solar panels on the rooftops of all stations, footbridges, its main office building, the depot and parking lot boundary walls. They will also apply for a diamond rating for our buildings by the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC). The solar power will run lights, fans, elevators, escalators and air-conditioning systems at its stations and offices. Each of the stations will be powered by its own green energy. Rooftops of stations will have solar panels and the buildings will fitted with LED bulbs. The two sub-stations that will supply power for trains running on the corridor will also support solar panels. The project’s environmental initiatives have been taken up under the terms of reference issued by the State-level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), which it approached after a direction from the National Green Tribunal (NGT) to obtain environmental clearance. Source: TOI

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It's the end of the world as we know it: a booklist Adams, John Joseph, ed. Wastelands: stories of the Apocalypse A collection of 22 short stories about human survival at the end of the world by authors including Orson Scott Card, Elizabeth Bear, Octavia Butler, Jonathan Lethem, and Stephen King. Brin, David. The Postman A survivor traveling across the post-apocalypse United States assumes the role of a "Restored United States" postal inspector, restoring hope and uniting other desperate survivors. Butler, Octavia. Parable of the Sower In a dystopian future in which the world is ravaged by global warming, disease and racial tensions, a young woman suffers from hyperempathy syndrome, a condition that causes her to feel the pain of others as though it is her own. When she is forced to leave her home she spends her journey recruiting others to her new faith, becoming a prophet who holds hope for a new world. Hoban, Russell. Riddley Walker Written in a strange yet familiar pidgin English, a story about life in Britain after nuclear holocaust which has reduced humanity to a semi-literate iron age. King, Stephen. The Stand A mutating super flu wipes out over 99% of the world's population, leaving the survivors in a battle between good and evil that will determine the future of the planet. This lengthy, complex, and detailed novel contains a cast of richly-drawn characters and metaphysical and philosophical themes. King, Stephen. Cell A fast-paced novel in which cell phones turn people into zombies, and those few untouched by this technological warfare band together to protect themselves while helping one man search for his young son. McCammon, Robert. Swan Song Frequently compared to The Stand for it's post-apocalyptic themes of good vs. evil and it's strong characters, this novel takes place in a world ravaged by nuclear holocaust. McCarthy, Cormac. The Road It doesn't get any more desolate or bleak than this. A man, his son, and their shopping cart travel south after an unnamed catastrophe has destroyed the US, and possibly the world, headed towards an uncertain future. Miller, Walter M. A Canticle for Leibowitz This scifi classic takes place after the Simplification, a nuclear holocaust that plunges the world back into the dark ages. Following a group of monks in a Utah abbey, the novel spans hundreds of years to illustrate the cycles of humanity, and emphasize that those who don't know history are doomed to repeat it. Pfeffer, Susan Beth. Life As We Knew It When an asteroid knocks the moon out of its orbit and closer to Earth, severe weather wreaks havoc on the world's population. One teenage girl chronicles her life with her family as they struggle to survive in the aftermath. (Pfeffer's forthcoming companion novel is called The Dead and the Gone.) Rosoff, Meg. How I Live Now 15-year-old Daisy leaves Manhattan to stay with her cousins at a remote farm in England, during which a world war breaks out. Her aunt, traveling in Norway, is unable to return as terrorists take over the country, including the farmhouse, and begin a years-long occupation. Shute, Nevil. On the Beach A classic novel of nuclear annihilation. A group of friends in Australia bide their time until the fallout reaches their shores to kill them all. Stewart George R. Earth Abides A plague has wiped out almost all humans, and Ish Williams becomes the leader of a small band of survivors in California. Although they escaped death, Ish realizes that the world they knew is gone forever. Zelazny, Roger. Damnation Alley The last surviving Hells Angel faces a choice of life in prison, or a job driving a case of antiserum across country to the plague-ridden people of Boston. He chooses the road trip across a war-destroyed America in which the population has moved to the coasts, leaving the interior of the country a dangerous wasteland. Posted by 3goodrats at 11:04 AM Labels: books, lists On the Beach is one of my favorite books. I read it in High School I think. I might have to check out some of those others. April: Beauty Shedir, finished Eating locally Smooshy Sock Yarn! It's the end of the world as we know it: a booklis... The proper way to begin a project Certain Girls: a review Many little cables

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Toward a Discussion of Morality and Code Opinion: Should software developers have a moral code about their coding? ThoughtWorks says yes. Is there an emerging discussion around morality and coding? Well, Neville R. "Roy" Singham, founder and chairman of an organization of highly trained software ninjas known as ThoughtWorks, waded deeply into the realm of morality and code during a recent conversation with eWEEK in our New York offices. The Chicago-based company is a software consultancy with a focus on agile development processes and methodologies, but morality and the betterment of society appear to be overarching concerns for the firm that is expected to number 1,000 people by the end of 2007, said CEO Trevor Mather. Grady Booch, chief scientist at IBM Software Group's Rational division, has raised the issue of morality and code as well, most recently in an interview where he questioned whether software developers should be involved in creating systems that are deemed immoral or harmful to others. Singham said many of his employees choose not to work on military projects, and the company doesn't force them to. But don't get it twisted, Singham said: ThoughtWorks' philosophies are not a fad or a passing fancy, they represent a cause. In fact, the company itself is a cause. "We're saying we, ThoughtWorks, have an obligation to change the industry because we're a cause, we're not a company," he said. "We're the United Nations of software. I am a social activist. I was a civil rights activist. Other people in the firm also are very socially conscious." Singham, who founded the company in 1993, said he was a social activist for years before starting the business. "I've slept on floors and been an advocate for the homeless," he said. "I believe that I am here to serve society. Most ThoughtWorkers are here because they'd rather work with smart people who can make a difference." Mather said what attracted him to ThoughtWorks was the talent and the company's ability to use agile practices to deliver software faster and better. As for talent, Singham said ThoughtWorks is selective, hiring one of every 100 or 200 applicants, depending on the country they are hiring in. Admitting that he was risking sounding arrogant, Singham said: "We are the McKinsey of software process and software development," comparing his company to the management consulting firm, McKinsey & Co. Singham—whether or not he could be called arrogant—is confident, but not in an off-putting way. It's a confidence borne out of success. He said ThoughtWorks is sold out through the first quarter of 2008, all the while focusing on agile development, on quality software and on bettering the world. It suits the company's employees just fine. Mather echoes the same sentiment. "What keeps me in the company is I just feel that I'm a much better person today as an individual and a human being," he said. "Before, I didn't care about whether or not we hired women into the work force. I didn't care whether African-Americans were being thought about and trying to bring them into the organization. I didn't care about that stuff. But now I care about all of that and I talk to all of these people and I realize that we as a society have been wrong in a lot of ways." Although Mather said he and his colleagues realize "that the common cause for us is IT, if you ask them what makes them stay, they'll say it's because the values of the company are about promoting the betterment of society." Added Singham; "It used to be that shareholder optimization was the prime directive. Our model is serving society in an economically strong way, which is a multi-stakeholder approach. So we are all for gaining a more sustainable environment, the green movement, all these things are helping our cause. The fact that it was legal to dump mercury in the river many years ago doesn't mean it was not immoral. The fact that it's not illegal but is immoral, who's accountable for that? The fact that a disproportionate number of African-American men go to prison in the United States or are on parole or probation and nobody seems to care about it or says, 'That's somebody else's problem,' is just wrong." Singham said he wants to do good, change the industry and make money. Still, he said he realizes there are times when the social initiatives must take a back seat. "If we have a revenue shortfall, guess what we're going to do? We're going to go after revenue, and we're going to spend less money on thinking about how to improve continuous integration for the rest of the planet," he said. These views are not unrealistic. "I don't want us to make it sound like we're more pious than thou and that we've solved all these problems and that we're so brilliant we've figured out how to be socially good people, make money, etc. We're not," he said. "We're not magicians. All we're saying is the world needs better balance on discussion of those issues, and we try to balance that out." Mostly, Singham said he wanted to create a company that lasts, that stands for something and does its part to effect change. "We wanted to build a 100-year company that was the world model for good citizenship in the 21st century," he said. "The issue was how could you attract outstanding human beings that are passionate about change, that want to do the right thing for society, that are not motivated by greed, and still run a business?" It seems like ThoughtWorks is succeeding on some of those goals, or possibly all of them at some level or another. One thing the company might consider as it grows and gains more headcount is to do more in the way of training to share some of that ninja-like expertise. They may not turn out folks that are at the level of ThoughtWorkers, but the industry needs all the help it can get. courtesy @eweek.com Posted by Aurobindo at 5:05 PM Labels: Toward a Discussion of Morality and Code Who knows where to download XRumer 5.0 Palladium? Help, please. All recommend this program to effectively advertise on the Internet, this is the best program! Monday, November 23, 2009 at 5:45:00 AM GMT+5:30 You Are Visitor # Subscribe To Blog4aurobindo RECENT ARCHIVE Top 12 Areas for Technology Innovation through 202... Remote working better for staff and employers Best and Worst Consumer Electronics, 2007 Create your first pure Java ASP.NET application Code in .NET 2.0, Build for Java, Run on Linux! 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After Katrina: A View From the Outside A blog by Anna Hartnell Conference – London Conference – New Orleans David Cameron’s ‘Katrina’ Chertsey floods 2014. © Copyright Alan Hunt and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons Licence. The press have now accused Obama of having at least three ‘Katrina’ moments: the Haitian earthquake, the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, and even, most weirdly, the inept online introduction of ‘Obamacare’. Where the first is classified as a ‘natural’ disaster, the second ‘environmental’ and the third ‘political’, these labels entirely fail to capture the complex agency at work in these events. The press have for a while been flirting with the idea that the widespread flooding of large parts of the UK as a result of successive winter gales perhaps represents Prime Minister David Cameron’s ‘George Bush’ moment. By this they refer to the fact that George W. Bush’s approval ratings plummeted following the government’s disastrously inept response to the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. Many think that it also sealed the fate of the Republican Party in the next election. If only this were such a moment. Cameron’s coalition government is responsible for major cuts in Britain’s flood defences, now overseen by an Environment Secretary who is openly sceptical about climate change – a process that the vast majority of scientists now believe is indisputable. As sea levels rise, vast swathes of the UK are under threat, with an estimated one-sixth of properties in England and Wales at immediate risk. As much of Somerset sits under water, the memory of Cameron on skis in the North Pole during the run up to the election in 2010 – an embarrassing spectacle designed to demonstrate his ‘green’ credentials – makes one feel a bit queasy. In an un-self-conscious moment the leader of this austerity government told the press that in responding to the floods, ‘money is no object’. Such a statement carries painful ironies for the growing numbers who are now relying on food banks as a result of the government’s cuts to the benefits budget. It’s hard not to conclude that the UK government has a US-style scenario in mind, in which the rich, paying next to no taxes, have money to burn, where others go hungry. Such was the society unveiled by Katrina in 2005. The UK government is politically wise to respond generously to the plight of the flood victims: unlike those vilified here for ‘welfare dependency’ or those stranded in New Orleans after Katrina, these people have – rightly – been constructed as deserving citizens. BBC reportage in particular has presented a homey vision of the flooding (the levels of which are nothing like those seen in New Orleans in 2005), featuring neighbours coming together and pensioners heroically settling down to sleep on chairs in their wellies, their feet submerged beneath water. Mild criticism of the government has been voiced in relation to its ‘mixed messages’ and ‘disorganization’ but the overwhelming impression given on screen is that these people are fending for themselves, and they are cheery about it. This is all a bit too good-humoured. It fuels the ‘little-Britain’ mentality that has led to the Daily Mail campaign to pressure the government to re-divert its already stingy foreign aid budget to domestic flood victims. And David Cameron and his government need to be punished at the polls. Not least for the fact that they have quietly sacrificed vast areas of the UK that are not deemed economically significant – a policy that echoes the Army Corps of Engineers’ neglect of the New Orleans levees, and the US government’s lack of commitment to restoring the Louisiana wetlands, the fastest disappearing landmass on earth. And yet the idea that this might be Cameron’s ‘Bush moment’ is too easy. It risks reducing the implications of changing weather patterns, likely to have ever more devastating effects, to the agency of one man. It lets us off the hook, gives us someone to blame, relieving us of the far more scary implications of climate change. In the UK, people like to talk about the weather. This may seem strange to those accustomed to the more extreme fluctuations of continental climates, but even the temperate system here offers vast variations within just a few hours that observers like to constantly comment on. Even so, it was a weird experience returning from the hurricane season in New Orleans to a country seemingly obsessed by the weather. Against all predictions, the US Gulf Coast was treated to an unusually inactive season this year. In contrast, Britain has been battered by successive storms for about three months. Levels of rainfall are unprecedented. It is a peculiar feeling witnessing these storms with the awareness that they may bring with them something of the reality of climate change. This sense is compounded by the fact that these weather events are not isolated, exceptional, but ongoing, and likely to get worse. In contrast to the Katrina moment, which, in the words of Richard Campanella, made most New Orleanians (understandably) ‘crave normalcy’ and anticipate its return, the floods in the UK, we are increasingly told, may represent the new normal. One of the major problems with public perceptions of climate change is that it challenges and transcends short-term temporal frames upon which politicians and society alike rely. Constant battering by the weather has the ability to alter consciousness in relation to this ‘slow motion’ disaster. The other big problem with getting the message out about human-induced climate change is the question of agency. As has been the case for a while, commentators committed to exposing the realities of climate change have wrestled with this dilemma – make the problem seem too large, people will feel overwhelmed; but make the problem seem too small and people will do nothing. Another way of putting this dilemma is: under-emphasize human agency, people will view the changes as natural and themselves as innocent onlookers; over-emphasize it, people will either play a reductive blame game or they will may decide that recycling plastic bags is the answer. None of these approaches capture the measure of the enormous challenge presented to us by climate change. Standard graphs charting carbon emissions from the industrial revolution should be enough to convince us that humans are responsible for global warming. And yet increased storm activity in the UK, along with the many extreme weather events that have struck places around the world, often with cataclysmic results, suggests that human beings are not in control of the climatic shifts that they have probably played a major role in unleashing. Scientists and journalists have conveyed this idea through the notion of ‘runaway’ climate change – the moment at which human beings are no longer able to pull the climate back from the brink. Many are saying now that we are already beyond it. It’s become a standard rhetorical move in commentary on Hurricane Katrina to emphasise its ‘unnatural’ status as a disaster. Some like to describe the effects of the levee breaches in New Orleans as a ‘federal flood’. Bush in particular is singled out for severe treatment. Key moments like Kanye West’s unexpected comment on live tv – ‘George Bush doesn’t care about black people’ – were important for the fact that they captured popular anger towards a state that has all but abandoned its most vulnerable citizens. Such moves offer satisfying polemic but are ultimately reductive. George Bush did not single-handedly create the conditions for grotesque racial and economic disparities in New Orleans, neither did he invent the militarized security state that responded to the victims as though they were enemies of war. And he certainly can’t be held responsible on any individual basis for warming weather and the increased likelihood of severe hurricanes, in spite of the fact that he oversaw an administration that possibly did more than any other to wreck agendas to combat climate change. The record suggests that a Democratic administration would not have done much differently. For years relatively conservative bodies have been issuing climate predictions that read like science fiction. The idea that related instances of disaster can be compartmentalized and reduced to the figure of Bush or Obama or Cameron suggests that human agency is all. And yet this is the essence of our deeply problematic relationship to the environment, that which we imagine as a somehow external and separate ‘natural world’. It is a colonial mindset that has meant that developing countries have already paid a devastating price for western industrialization. The greatest cost for those in the global South may be yet to come, but changing weather patterns in the West suggest that we reap at least some of what we sow. Under human stewardship, this earth is losing thousands of species every year, dramatically reducing biodiversity. If we don’t simultaneously adopt attitudes that hold our governments to account for reckless environmental policies and embrace some humility in relation to a world that cannot cope with our current demands on its resources, some scientists are suggesting that human beings will be all but extinct by the end of this century. Talking about ‘David Cameron’s Katrina’ is largely a rhetorical matter, but it says something about the simplistic lenses we like to deploy to frame disaster. David Cameron is a good metaphor for a society that has sacrificed compassion and care to the logic of the market. But we can’t blame all this on a two-faced politician and his Arctic adventure. This entry was posted in Uncategorized on February 25, 2014 by ubahar01. Ten years after Hurricane Katrina: New Orleans’ ‘transformation’ hurt residents who needed it most New Schools for New Orleans: #BlackLivesMatter Rupture, Crisis, Transformation: New Directions in US Studies at the End of the American Century – by Pippa Eldridge and Alex Williamson ‘Neighbourhood Blues’ The Natural History of Memory: New Orleans and water

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Puerto Rico has produced nearly all Latino players when you look at the NBA By Marcelo Firpo| 2019-12-31T05:35:36+00:00 novembro 11th, 2019|Categories: Mail Order Bride Catalog| Puerto Rico has produced nearly all Latino players when you look at the NBA Including Alfred “Butch” Lee, stirred nationwide pride on and from the area. Puerto Ricans competed effectively from the U.S. Olympic baseball group in component due to their extremely competitive expert basketball league.67 Among the best players within the area’s baseball league through the 1950s and 1960s ended up being Juan “Pachнn” Vicйns. Created in 1934 in Ciales, Puerto Rico, Vicйns was just 16 years old whenever the Ponce was joined by him Lions associated with nationwide Superior Basketball League. Their exceptional point guard abilities aided the Lions win their very very first championship. 2 yrs later on, he won another championship and had been declared the absolute most Valuable Player. In 1954, he was recruited by mentor Tex Winter (mentor of Lakers advisor Phil Jackson) to Marquette University and soon after to Kansas State University where he became the scorer that is second-leading 1956 (averaging 12.3 points) and led the group to your NCAA Sweet Sixteen. […] Most Useful Essay Writers Online

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Transforming Stories by Margery Fee SH:LAM (The Doctor) by Joseph Dandurand Mamaskatch: A Cree Coming of Age by Darrel J. McLeod Stories from the Magic Canoe of Wa’xaid by Cecil Paul and Briony Penn CBC’s Canadian History by Sherrill E. Grace Recasting History: How CBC Television Has Shaped Canada’s Past by Monica MacDonald Ideas in Things by Dougal McNeill Reading Between the Borderlines: Cultural Production and consumption across the 49th Parallel by Gillian Roberts Beyond Autonomy by Gregory Betts Translingual Poetics: Writing Personhood Under Settler Colonialism by Sarah Dowling Cultivating the Game by Suzanne Zelazo Writing the Body in Motion: A Critical Anthology on Canadian Sport Literature by Angie Abdou and Jamie Dopp If You're Not Free At Work, Where Are You Free?: Literature and Social Change. Guernica Editions (purchase at Amazon.ca) Reviewed by Robert David Stacey The first book I ever reviewed was Tom Wayman’s The Astonishing Weight of the Dead in 1994. At the time, I didn’t fully appreciate the virtues of Wayman’s aesthetic; eventually, though, I became a fan. When I discovered his essays and anthologies on work and “New Work Writing” later that decade, I felt I had found a kindred spirit. Wayman was one of the few voices in my new world—the world of academic Canadian literature—who spoke to the values of my old world, the working-class company town in which I grew up. Wayman’s insistence that work—whatever form it took—mattered and ought to occupy a more significant place in our creative and cultural production resonated with me very strongly. If You’re Not Free at Work, Where Are You Free?, which collects essays and interviews completed between 1994 and 2014, is the fourth collection of its type. Unfortunately, Wayman does little to extend or update his ideas about work, literature, and society first articulated in 1983’s Inside Job. It’s been thirty-five years; the ground has changed dramatically under our feet; yet Wayman continues to talk about blue- vs. white- collar work, the perils of deindustrialization, the work week, the job site, and so forth, in ways that fail to help us better understand the rise of affective, symbolic, and other kinds of “immaterial” labour with their own management structures, partitions of time, and forms of remuneration. What is new is a certain tone, a bitter nostalgia that colours the collection as a whole. I share many of Wayman’s misgivings about the contemporary political situation, but there is critique and there is complaint. This, to me, seems more like the latter. The centrepiece of the collection is a rather long essay entitled “Avant-Garde or Lost Platoon? Postmodernism as Social Control,” a version of which was originally published in Canadian Poetry in 2015. Attacking postmodernism in 2015 is a little like denouncing disco in 2015, but Wayman is not really taking postmodernism to task so much as he’s bemoaning everything that’s happened in academia in the last forty years. Hence his list of “postmodern” thinkers, the adoption of whose ideas has led to the destruction of “Post-secondary institutions . . . as lively centres of unbridled inquiry and protest”: Lacan, Derrida, Shklovsky, Bakhtin, Barthes, Lyotard, Foucault, Irigaray, Cixous, Kristeva, and Spivak. One could write an equally long essay about the weirdness of this list. It’s unclear to me how carefully Wayman has read the work of these theorists; none of it is discussed in any detail. Instead, Wayman mostly relies on second-hand quotations from journalists and commentators to support his view that postmodernism represents a conspiracy devised by the “intellectual elite” to undermine class solidarity and defuse social protest. Even more frustrating than Wayman’s conviction that the above list is somehow both coherent and representative of something called “postmodernism” is the notion that it actually exhausts the “academic” perspective. He genuinely seems unaware that there are plenty of theorists whose work tends to support many of his own points. It’s difficult to discount Wayman’s complaint about the “turbidity of postmodernist critical essays, with heavy use of jargon substituting for clarity of idea.” But Wayman seems uncomfortable with complexity and difficulty in writing as such. The only writing and thinking of any value are that which can be read and understood by anyone under any circumstances. I strongly disagree. Among their various other duties, academics are paid to think for a living. Often, that thinking requires that they adopt a technical vocabulary or push language beyond its ordinary usages. It seems strange that Wayman’s famous respect and admiration for the specialized way things are done in other jobs should not extend to the academic context. Instead, his position in this essay and throughout the collection is very close to that of the populist anti-intellectual (like, say, Margaret Wente) who sees academic research in the humanities as nothing more than a calculated attempt on the part of a privileged cabal to bamboozle young people and defraud the public purse. Wayman’s chief concern here—and in the collection as a whole—is that a theory-obsessed academy has encouraged “obscurantist” forms of writing, especially in poetry, that are deleterious to the common good. The point is arguable. But claims to the effect that “postmodern” writers are like “real estate speculators who trash natural environments or existing neighbourhoods for profit but call themselves ‘developers’” suggest that the real issue here is that Wayman feels his own “neighbourhood”—earnestly staked out over a fifty-year writing career—has been similarly “trash[ed]” by self-regarding hucksters with a diabolical hatred for anecdotal lyric. It is unfortunate that so commendable a writer, teacher, and organizer as Wayman should feel so mistreated. But the essay seems like payback for old hurts rather than a constructive intervention on behalf of the future. There are some bright spots, however. The essay “Against the Smiling Bastards,” for example, is an excellent bit of social history recounting Bill Bennett’s war against BC’s civil service and other labour organizations, his Socred government’s persecution of Nelson’s David Thompson University Centre, which was forced into closure, and the subsequent emergence of the Kootenay School of the Arts. It also provides one of the more detailed accounts of Vancouver’s Kootenay School of Writing, which Wayman helped establish, but eventually came to be associated with the very kind of writing he abhors. The collection concludes with a set of informative and engaging interviews that have the fortunate effect of mitigating some of the misplaced rancour of that central essay. Though not entirely free of the grumpiness and generation-baiting detectable elsewhere in the volume, the interviews remind the reader of the commitment to and confidence in people that have inspired Wayman’s various labours in the commons. This review “Those Were the Days” originally appeared in Canadian Literature , 31 Jul. 2019. Web.

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Corinth Temple E Remains of “Temple E” at Corinth. Photograph by Todd Bolen. Located on the isthmus that joins mainland Greece to the Peloponnesus, Corinth was one of the most prosperous and economically diverse cities in the ancient Greek and Roman empires. In 1896, the American School of Classical Studies in Athens began a systematic excavation of the ancient city that has continued more or less uninterrupted into present day. This photograph shows the remains of so-called Temple E, located to the west of the Forum. There were two major components of Temple E: a temple and surrounding porticoes built in at least two phases. The deity to whom Temple E is dedicated is unknown. View The Image Gallery The city of Corinth, west of Athens in southern Greece, was part of the Roman province of Achaia and an important focus for the apostle Paul’s missionary activity. A site where older artifacts are dug up or otherwise revealed.

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Fulton County Partners with West End Medical Center for Voter Registration Drives | Print | The Fulton County Department of Registration and Elections in collaboration with the West End Medical Center and Susan G. Komen for a Cure will hold a voter registration drive and free breast cancer screening event on Saturday, March 17, 2012. The event will be held at the West End Medical Center (868 York Avenue, Atlanta, GA 30310) from 9:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. Participants will have the opportunity to register to vote, update their voter registration information, request an absentee ballot and learn more about how they can become a poll worker. Free breast cancer screenings will also be available for participants who qualify. Participants will also be eligible to win a free spa treatment sponsored by West End Medical Centers, Inc. “We are thrilled to partner with organizations that have the same strong commitment to the community that we do,” says Fulton County Department of Registration and Elections Director Samuel Westmoreland. The Fulton County Department of Registration and Elections will also hold Voter Registration Drives at the West End Medical Center every Monday during the month of March from 1:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m. Just look for the “I Have the Last Word….I Vote” banner in the lobby. A representative from the Fulton County Department of Registration and Elections will be onsite to answer any questions about the voting process.

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Review: Superman/Batman: The Greatest Stories Ever Told trade paperback (DC Comics) 3 comments | Tags: Greatest Stories, superman/Batman, Zach King [Guest reviewer Zach King blogs about movies as The Cinema King] Say what you want about DC's Trinity or the Big 7, but for my money the superhero team-up tradition that started with the Justice Society of America reached its logical apex when Superman finally met Batman nearly fifteen years after they debuted on the scene. Though their relationship has changed significantly since the Silver Age, this partnership is enough to make your average comics fan say, "Avengers, schmavengers." Published in the midst of the highly popular team-up series that began with Jeph Loeb and Ed McGuinness's "Public Enemies" arc, Superman/Batman: The Greatest Stories Ever Told seeks to gather the best of the Man of Steel and the Dark Knight. And perhaps fittingly for a book centered around the World's Finest, this trade is one of the best in the series, hitting all the important notes and serving as a strong primer for what this partnership has looked like over the last 60 years. While some of the stories haven't aged very well, each justifies its own inclusion beyond the one-page introduction, and none is a wasted reading experience. The sum of the parts being more than the whole in this series, let's take a look at what's inside this volume. "The Mightiest Team in the World" (Superman #76, May/June 1952): Where better to begin than at the beginning? It's hard to believe it took almost fifteen years for Superman and Batman to cross paths in a shared universe, but Edmond Hamilton's script doesn't worry about why they've never met before. Indeed, the story doesn't worry much about how they meet; the gimmick with an illuminated porthole revealing secret identities is a stretch, but it lets the story focus on the working relationship that forms quickly between the two. The story's iconic nature is aided by the always-capable pencils of Curt Swan, and the wonderful concept is executed so well that it's telling to see the story paid homage fifty years later at the end of this collection (more on that in a bit). "Superman's and Batman's Greatest Foes" (World's Finest Comics #88, May/June 1957): After the World's Finest teamed up, it was only a matter of time until the World's Foulest -- Lex Luthor and The Joker -- did so as well. Hamilton's back on story duty, and this one is a bit more paint-by-numbers than its predecessor: Lex Luthor and The Joker wreak nefarious mischief by pooling their resources, confounding the World's Finest by seemingly going legitimate and inventing cybernetic Mechano-Men. Though the story doesn't break new ground like its predecessor, kudos to Hamilton for keeping me guessing on what the two were actually up to. Dick Sprang's artwork is more cartoony than Swan's, especially his Joker's elongated face and brutally high shoulders. Ultimately it's an important story, and a well-told one, at that. "The Composite Superman" (World's Finest Comics #142, June 1964): Hamilton and Swan (the World's Finest in this collection?) reunite to create the foe who is most recognizably a Superman/Batman rogue, The Composite Superman -- half Superman, half Batman, and with all the powers of the entire Legion of Super-Heroes. Coming from a reader who was only aware of the Composite Superman as the large rocket built by Hiro Okamura in Superman/Batman: Public Enemies, finding out the "secret origin" (as it were) of this character was a real treat. The story isn't entirely successful, relying a bit too much on keeping the audience in the dark in a ham-fisted kind of way, and while the conclusion falls a bit flat, the introduction of the character is iconic in its own right and serves as required reading for any Superman/Batman aficionado. "The Cape and Cowl Crooks" (World's Finest Comics #159, August 1966): I imagine one of the hardest challenges in a superhero team-up is finding a foe worthy of a combined effort; The Avengers had to go intergalactic with Loki and the Skrulls Chitauri, but in this story Hamilton and Swan go for the hat trick with the Anti-Batman and Anti-Superman collaborating to . . . well, it's not really clear what they're after. They deliver toys to the prisons of Metropolis and Gotham, and they lead the World's Finest on a merry chase, but they're not a major threat. The visual gimmick of wearing modified costumes of their opponents probably locked them into this collection, but the ending is, like most Silver Age stories, extremely predictable and more than slightly gimmicky. This is really the only story that doesn't work on at least some level, and one wonders if there's more potential in these two characters than is employed in this one-off. "The Superman-Batman Split" (World's Finest Comics #176, June 1968): I've no doubt that this story is in the collection because it's illustrated by Neal Adams, arguably the artistic master of the post-Silver Age DC Universe. It's unfortunate, then, that the editors chose not to reprint the original artwork but opted instead for Adams's more recent altered versions, which are inked more heavily and with less grace than the originals (there are, interestingly enough, entire sites dedicated to scanning unaltered Adams artwork). The story by Cary Bates, in which multiple aliens split the allegiances of Superman and Batman, isn't entirely engaging; its major twist is a touch predictable, but it's great to see Batgirl and Supergirl joining the World's Finest with Robin and Jimmy Olsen for a regular Justice League of Awesome. The story is infectiously fun and multiplies the action -- a trend I've noticed throughout this volume -- but I can't help but feel that the original inks by Dick Giordano have been distractingly overwritten to the detriment of the reader. "A Matter of Light and Death" (World's Finest Comics #207, November 1971): This story posits an interesting question -- can Batman stop Clark Kent from taking out a hit on Superman? It's a head-scratching premise by Len Wein, who pitches an incredibly original concept in this story, and even though the execution is a bit too protracted to be truly exciting, the central mystery will likely keep readers engaged. (Pay very close attention, though; the answer of why Clark Kent wants Superman dead is delivered in one quick panel in the midst of a long monologue.) Dick Dillin's artwork is effective but didn't distinguish itself to my eye the way that Adams or Swan did earlier (or Byrne and Sale, later). While the master villain is difficult to take seriously in a post-mindwipe world, the threat posed to Superman is tangible enough that Batman's involvement feels invaluable. "One Night in Gotham City" (Man of Steel #3, November 1986): Now this is what I'm talking about. When I started reading comics, this was my first Batman/Superman team-up, and its inclusion here is practically a given. As an older reader, I realize now just how hard John Byrne is working to distance the post-Crisis World's Finest from the Silver Age's "super best friends" approach (including a cute wink at being friends "in a different reality"), but Byrne's efforts pay off in this creation of a new and starkly original take on the world's greatest partnership. Superman is, if it can be believed, more earnest than ever, and Batman is shady and suspicious without being the distrustful caricature that appeared in most post-No Man's Land tales. The art, too, is elegant, bespeaking just how influential Byrne's Superman reboot was to the pre-Flashpoint DC Universe. Heads up, Warner: if there's to be a Superman/Batman film after Man of Steel, "One Night in Gotham City" is the perfect place to start. "A Better World" (Batman & Superman: World's Finest #7, October 1999): This story, written by Karl Kesel and illustrated by Peter Doherty, was part of a maxiseries (I still remember the in-house ads from monthlies at the time) which placed the post-Crisis World's Finest at important moments in DC continuity; here we check in just after Superman returns from Exile and while Batman mourns the death of Jason Todd. It's a time of quiet and reflective transition for both heroes, with each pondering the nature of their "no killing" rule, and Kesel nails the tense dynamic between two men who are too strong to admit how wounded they are but who know they can rely on each other for support without asking. The art by Doherty is a little weird; Bruce and Clark's faces look too similar out of costume, and a panel with The Joker looks like a bizarre comical anticipation of Lee Bermejo's Joker. But Kesel's script is the draw, finding compelling dialogue between the two with nary a super-crisis in sight. After reading this story, I'm sorry to see it's so hard to find; hopefully it's in the reprint rotation over at DC, especially after the Dave Gibbons miniseries of the same name was recently reprinted. "When Clark Met Bruce" (Superman/Batman Secret Files 2003): It'd be blasphemy not to include anything from Jeph Loeb's run, and this one-off two-pager introduces Loeb's narration style over a story about how young Clark Kent almost met young Bruce Wayne. It's a storyline comics have always flirted with -- Jor-El met Thomas Wayne in a later issue of Superman/Batman, while Clark met Bruce after winning some kind of 1920s contest in Generations -- but this story, illustrated by Tim Sale in top Superman for All Seasons mode, demonstrates just how far apart these two men began life; it's sold by some great coloring by Mark Chiarello. While it might be a bit of a surprise pick, considering how important much of Loeb's Superman/Batman work was to continuity, it's a small treat which puts a different spin on the World's Finest. "Stop Me If You've Heard This One . . ." (Superman/Batman Annual #1, December 2006): The book closes with a retelling of "The Mightiest Team," recasting Superman and Batman's first meeting aboard that cruise ship as a high-stakes multiversal assassination scheme, with the Crime Syndicate, Deathstroke, and . . . Deadpool? Joe Kelly and a jam session of artists spend so much time winking at continuity and company crossovers that it's difficult not to have a little bit of fun, and having just read the story on which this is riffing the reader gets even more out of the experience. While the story is almost assuredly out of continuity, the tone Kelly sets never lets that be troubling; in fact, the revelation of just how this story "happened" is a real crowd-pleaser. In short, it's a fun way to end the book and show us just how far these two have come since their "first meeting." If there's one thing true about comics fans, it's that we can always find something to complain about. With that in mind, there are a few stories that might have been included here -- or which could comprise a second volume. Segments from The Dark Knight Returns or Kingdom Come could prove interesting in relation to Byrne's "One Night in Gotham City." I'm partial to the team-up from The Batman Adventures #25, in which the "Super Friends" take down Maxie Zeus and ginger clone Lex Luthor, and the precedent set by the Shazam! collection makes it not unfeasible. And even though I knocked the Trinity in my introduction, there's probably room for a Trinity story in here showing how Wonder Woman's presence affects the dynamic between the two. But if my biggest complaint about the volume is that there's more good stuff out there, the editors have done a rather fine job, particularly because it makes me want to read more rather than just complain about what I don't have; indeed, I'll be first on the pre-order list if DC decides to release a second volume. Unlike many of the collections in this series, Superman/Batman: The Greatest Stories Ever Told benefits from a strong historical focus and hits all the major iconic moments. It's a great read for fans old and new, especially in light of the success of that other superhero team-up from last summer. Next time around, justice takes a holiday as the Clown Prince of Crime steals the stage in The Joker: The Greatest Stories Ever Told. Stay tuned! More Greatest Stories reviews: Superman Vol. 1 and Vol. 2, Batman Vol. 1 and Vol. 2, Wonder Woman, Green Lantern, Flash, Justice League, Shazam, and Batgirl. Posted at 8:02 AM (Permalink) | 3 comments | Tags: Greatest Stories, superman/Batman, Zach King doug.glassman 4/04/2013 09:58:00 AM Composite Superman--half Superman, half Batman! So naturally he has the powers of the Legion of Super-Heroes. I mean, I know they explain why it works that way in his origin, which involves lightning, a pissed-off janitor/former diver and lifeless clones of the Legion. But still, it's like the Composite Wolverine-Spider-Man having the powers of the Slingers. Tony Laplume 4/04/2013 02:09:00 PM I have to admit, I've started reading these Greatest Stories reviews simply to experience the author's continually exasperated impressions. Yet this one was a pleasant surprise, and does by all counts sound every bit as awesome as represented. Zach King 4/04/2013 05:23:00 PM Tony - "Continually exasperated" is a good way to describe it. 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Reservations of Maize: Centers of Origin and Diversity Ana de Ita The Law on Biosafety and Genetically Modified Organisms Act, popularly known as Monsanto’s Law, was an expression of the lack of political will in Congress to prohibit the planting of transgenic corn in Mexico, despite being the center of the crop’s origin and diversity. A crucial piece of the law was missing, however--the official determination of centers of origin and diversity. Following the presidential decree of 2009, this should have prevented the granting of permits for experimental and pilot plantings of transgenic maize--permits which were granted nonetheless in nine northern states, in addition to Nayarit. On November 17, 2011, the Secretaries of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food (SAGARPA) and Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT) reached an agreement on the centers of origin and diversity of maize, which should prohibit the planting of transgenic maize in those places because it cannot coexist with native corn without contaminating it. More than one third of the country is not included in the designation, so GM maize may be sown (if other factors do not prevent it, such as desert, steep mountains, forests, protected areas, or cities). The problem with classifying centers of origin and diversity is that implies that other regions are not. Maize is a cross-pollinating crop, making it ineffective to delimit borders that the wind and insects do not respect. Nor is it possible to put a stop to the exchange of seeds and knowledge between people, the same processes that gave birth to the great diversity of breeds and varieties that have been culturally modified through the centuries. Delineating regions impedes the very exchange of seeds and knowledges that created maize. Transgenic contamination of native maize was found in many regions more than 10 years ago, despite the fact that there was a moratorium prohibiting the planting of GM corn anywhere in the country. Maize contaminated with transgenes was found in regions that are now officially classified as a center of origin and diversity; opening regions to the cultivation of genetically modified crops will cause this pollution to spread exponentially. Irrigation was one of the fundamental criteria used to define the regions suitable for planting transgenic corn, following the convenient logic that if an area requires irrigation, it could not have been a center of origin. Because GM seeds were designed for irrigated industrial agriculture, almost all the irrigated areas of the 10 northern states of the country were selected to allow its cultivation--areas currently planted with conventional corn and other grains. The north of Mexico produces about one quarter of corn consumed across the country, and despite the use of commercial hybrid seeds in this region, 29 of the 61 distinct maize landraces that exist in Mexico are located in the north, as mentioned in the document by Turrent. But the possibility of planting transgenic corn is not limited to the northern states. It may also be planted in areas in Campeche, Chiapas, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatán and Zacatecas. These spots include irrigation areas with high production potential like the Fraylesca and Soconusco, in Chiapas; Mascota, in Jalisco; Apatzingán, en Michoacán; Coyuca, Petatlan, and Atoyac in Guerrero, which may be of interest to agribusiness. Furthermore, several areas already protected for biodiversity, such as El Ocote and Montes Azules in Chiapas, were excluded from the list of centers of origin. One of the criteria used to determine the centers of origin and diversity was the indigenous presence, however, they ignored territories inhabited by Maya, Kiliwa, Paipal, Cucapá, kumial, maya, Kickapoo, Tzeltal, Mam, Chol, Lacandon, Tarahumara , Guarijios, Tepehuano, Pima, Chichimec, Nahua, Huichol, Huave, Chontal, Zoque, Zapotec Huasteco, Papago, Yaqui, Totonac, Popoluca, Chinanteco—the descendants of those who domesticated maize in Mexico. Despite being Mayan territory, a wide area of the Yucatan Peninsula was not classified as a center of origin and diversity. This area coincides with the region currently invaded by genetically modified soybeans, which may be planted in rotation with GM maize. Corn has walked with the people of Mexico throughout its history, and it is the product of knowledge shared and exchanged across borders. Hence the peasants and indigenous people, along with scientists and social sectors, reclaim all of Mexico as the center of origin and diversity of maize. Translated by Alice Brooke.

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Cecil County, Schools Map Future Business Uses for Basell Tech School Land; Who Pays is Unknown The Cecil County government and the Cecil County Public Schools (CCPS) have signed an agreement mapping possible future business uses of extra land not needed for the new vo-tech school on the more than 90-acre Basell property. But left in the air is who would pay to build office and other buildings and whether the county would sell or lease parcels on the site to private interests. From the moment that the county government first considered buying the Appleton Road property several years ago for use as a vocational-technical school, an added attraction was the large landmass surrounding the former Basell scientific laboratory building north of Elkton. And promoting economic development opportunities on some of the vacant land surrounding the main building was always in the cards. With conversion of the existing building and its many science labs into the county’s new vo-tech school now completed, the first class of 200 students recently began studies there. County Superintendent of Schools D’Ette Devine told the Cecil County Council on Tuesday that the school will more than double the number of vo-tech students, to about 420, in January when new vocational programs will be launched and additional specialized study areas opened. Dr. Devine said a greenhouse is being added to the school site for students in a new agriculture science program and a natural resources program will also be added to the curriculum. Students attend the vo-tech school for the second half of their junior year and the first half of their senior year, so students at the school now began their studies at the old vo-tech school that had been deemed outdated for years. Devine said the old school, which opened in 1968, was the first vo-tech school in the state. Purchase of the Basell site was stymied by the old “Three Amigos” majority of the County Commissioners board, but when the new County Council came into office in late 2012, the new majority moved ahead with the project. The property was purchased, in part, with money raised by the sale of county bonds, but is actually owned by CCPS, as required under state law for schools built or acquired with partial state funds. Under a memorandum of understanding between the county government and CCPS, four parcels not needed for potential future school facilities expansion could be turned over to the county government for possible economic development projects as opportunities arise. A map shows a “butterfly” shaped building with 16,000 square feet in each ‘wing’ that would likely be the first site to be developed with multiple small-space office or business users. In addition, the map lists a 15,000 square foot box-like building; and a larger 44,000 square foot building. Another site, proposed for 34,000 feet on a separate area of the land, is also mapped out but county officials said that site was problematic because it lacked public water and sewage services. County Executive Tari Moore, making a rare appearance before the County Council, gushed that the plan was “a project and a vision that has been in process for months.” Lisa Webb, the county’s director of economic development, said the concept plan reflected “a wonderful idea of what could happen on this property.” She said the county is conducting a feasibility study for creation of a “business incubator,” which would help small start-up companies launch. Such an “incubator” could be located in the “butterfly” building. County Council President Robert Hodge (R-5) asked multiple practical questions, for which there were few answers. Would the county “sell, lease or build to suit” the proposed buildings listed on the map, he asked. Would the county just sell or lease land to a private developer? And “what’s the next step?” Webb said that county was “not in the business” of building commercial business properties so it would be better to “partner” with a business or organization and the county would need to “explore” how to do that. She said that most businesses looking for sites in the county are looking for “small” spaces, not large buildings. One thing that the map apparently accomplishes is setting out a broad land use map—including setting aside an area for a possible expansion to the county’s sixth full “comprehensive” high school. Devine said the county is about a decade away from having sufficient student population to convince the state to support construction on the site for a full service high school in addition to the specialized, limited enrollment of the tech programs. Space is also set aside for sports fields and additional parking that may be needed in the future. The plan does not alter a lease for 8 acres set aside to create a Cecil County Farm Museum. Advocates have been trying to build a farm museum for years, and they struck a deal with CCPS for a long-term essentially free lease, in return for the museum raising private funds to renovate a historic but dilapidated old farm building that will become the museum. Some citizens objected that CCPS should not have unilaterally granted that land to the museum group, without County Council review, since the county put up bond funds that will have to be repaid by all taxpayers for the purchase of the overall site. The agreement between the county and CCPS is of limited duration—until 6/30/19. Language in the agreement states that the county government and CCPS are studying the “feasibility of a partnership that will foster economic development and generate funding for both parties with the goal of entering into such a partnership on or before” 6/30/17. That provision suggests that the schools hope to share in any gains the county might make if a parcel is sold or leased to some private business entity. The color-coded map sets up a broad land use plan but the success of the concept will depend on whether any businesses are sufficiently interested in locating at the site and are willing to come up with the necessary money. Several months ago, a business operating on its own site close to the Basell land approached the county about possibly buying some of the property, sources said. It is unknown if that approach is still a live prospect or if it would conform to the new, site-specific map. Tags: Appleton rd, Basell, Business, CCPS, cecil county, cecil county public schools, County Council, county executive, D'ette Devine, economic development, Elkton, farm museum, land use, Lisa Webb, map, real estate, Robert Hodge, school, state, Tari Moore, tech school, vo-tech One Response to Cecil County, Schools Map Future Business Uses for Basell Tech School Land; Who Pays is Unknown Harold McCanick on September 6, 2015 at 11:23 am Thieves! The taxpayers got steamrolled with Tari Moore’s approval. Do the math, an ag museum that won’t do didley squat for our tax base got 8+acres and economic development got FOUR !WOW! Thank you so much (major sarcasm)!If Lisa Webb is OK with this she is foolish and not looking out for the taxpayers that purchased the property in the first place.

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Tag: TAP Beer Stocks: The Keg Party is in Emerging Markets Back in April, I wrote favorably about Molson Coors ($TAP) (see “Beer Stocks: Crack One Open”), noting that the brewer was significantly cheaper than Anheuser Busch InBev ($BUD) and SABMiller (SBMRY) and that it paid the best dividend of any major brewer. At 3.1%, its dividend yield at the time was nearly double that of Anheuser Busch InBev. Since then, Molson Coors is up a modest 10%, more or less in line with the S&P 500. Meanwhile, BUD has rallied by more than 20%. But looking longer term, we see an even starker contrast. Since the beginning of 2010, Molson Coors has trailed its “Big Beer” peers by a wide margin. Anheuser Busch InBev, SABMiller and Heineken (HINKY) are up 66%, 50%, and 30%, respectively. But Molson Coors? TAP has been flatter than a three-week-old keg, actually showing a slight loss over the past two years. So, what gives? What explains the lack of investor interest in Molson Coors? It’s really quite simple. Molson Coors missed the party in emerging markets. Prior to its June acquisition of Eastern European brewery StarBev, Molson Coors had negligible exposure to emerging markets. Its business was limited almost exclusively to North America and the UK, where beer brewing is a slow-growth business. And outside of its trendy Blue Moon brand, Molson Coors had also largely missed out on the one promising growth outlet for the North American market: upscale premium microbrews. The company found itself selling low-margin, mass-market beer to an aging and shrinking North American and British market. Molson Coors faced relentless competition from both Budweiser and Miller at the mass-market level, and from innumerable up-and-coming foreign and premium brands at the higher end. Not the sort of scenario that would make investors thirsty for more. Even after the StarBev merger, Molson Coors will only sell about 14% of its volumes outside of North America and the UK. Meanwhile, take a look at BUD. Anheuser Busch InBev sells more beer in Latin America (34% of volumes) than it does in North America (32% of volumes). Overall, emerging markets make up more than half of all beer sold. And BUD isn’t even the best positioned of the group. Heineken is a long-term recommendation of the Sizemore Investment Letter precisely because of its exposure to emerging markets and specifically to Africa, the next great growth market. Heineken gets 21% of its profits from Africa already, and this figure is set to skyrocket as African incomes rise and millions of Africans join the ranks of the middle classes. Rival SABMiller is also a major player in Africa, and particularly in South Africa. Heineken also made a major expansion into Southeast Asia this year with its purchase of Asia Pacific Breweries. So, where does all of this leave Molson Coors? With the global beer market already well on its way to consolidation, there are not a lot of attractive acquisition targets left to snag, and those that do come up are not likely to go cheaply. Realistically, Molson Coors will be primarily a North American seller of suds for the foreseeable future. This isn’t all bad. While the Echo Boomers—the large generation of Americans in their 20s and very early 30s—do not slosh the stuff as enthusiastically as previous generations (they tend to prefer vodka-based mixed drinks), there are signs of life in the domestic market. U.S. beer shipments are actually up this year, after falling slightly for the past three years in a row. Mass-market brewing may no longer be a growth business in the United States and Canada, but it is generally pretty stable. We don’t have to worry about any of the major brewers facing financial distress any time soon. Looking at Molson Coors’ financials, I continue to believe the stock has value as a cheap income stock. TAP trades for just 11 times expected 2013 earnings and pays a dividend of 2.9 percent—the highest of all major beer brewers. This isn’t a “home run” stock, but it’s one that is priced to offer decent returns going forward. Bottom line: If you want growth, Heineken remains my favorite brewer. But I consider Molson Coors a worthwhile choice for a long-term dividend-focused portfolio. This article first appeared on InvestorPlace. Sizemore Capital is long HINKY. SUBSCRIBE to Sizemore Insights via e-mail today. Author Charles Lewis Sizemore, CFAPosted on October 9, 2012 Categories Emerging Markets Lite, InvestingTags Beer, BUD, HINKY, TAP2 Comments on Beer Stocks: The Keg Party is in Emerging Markets

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The Virtual Memories Show A podcast about books & life — not necessarily in that order Guests (Alphabetical) Podcasts By Our Guests Podcast Supporters Support Artists & Creators! The Guest List 2019 All the Books I’ve Read Another Year, In The Books: 2011 Tag: Cynthia Bonacossa Episode 172 – Glynnis Fawkes Virtual Memories Show #172: Glynnis Fawkes http://traffic.libsyn.com/virtualmemories/Episode_172_-_Glynnis_Fawkes.mp3 Subscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android | TuneIn | Spotify | RSS “A lot of how I draw comes from Greek vases. They’re like ancient comics.” Glynnis Fawkes joins the show to talk about archeology, comics, dig romances, Homer and more! We celebrate her award-winning new comic, Alle Ego, figure out how to make art while raising a family (hint: mine your family to make the art), explore the correlation of Greek vases to comics, lament the savage history of Troy and Gallipoli, while embracing the comics-centric world of Angouleme, and more! Give it a listen! And buy Alle Ego, the new installment of her book, from her store. “We’re here now, but human experience goes so far back. Relationships, love, death: this has all gone on so long.” We also get into her journey from the Pacific Northwest to the Middle East, her senior thesis on satyrs & maenads, the demands of drawing urns based on fragments, the best way to learn drawing comics, her move away from fine art, her life-changing experience at the Maison des Auteurs, and bumping into Alison Bechdel at the supermarket. Give it a listen! Enjoy the conversation! Then check out the archives for more great episodes! You might like: Jennifer Hayden & Summer Pierre Carol Tyler Eva Brann Follow The Virtual Memories Show on iTunes, Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, and RSS! About our Guest Glynnis Fawkes is a cartoonist, painter, and archaeological illustrator. Her current project is a memoir about working as illustrator on digs in Greece and the Middle East. She drew many of the pages for this book at a residency at La Maison des Auteurs in Angouleme, France in the summer of 2015. She recently completed 50 illustrations and cover for John Franklin’s Kinyras: The Divine Lyre (Center for Hellenic Studies Press, 2016). Glynnis’ background is in art and art history: a BA from University of Oregon, a BFA from the Pacific NW College of Art, and MFA from the School of the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston and Tufts University. During a Fulbright fellowship to Cyprus, she published a book of paintings, Archaeology Lives in Cyprus, and a book of cartoons, Cartoons of Cyprus. She spent almost 10 years working as an illustrator on archaeological projects and excavations in Cyprus, Turkey, Syria, Israel, and Lebanon, and continues to work in Greece. She began a doctorate at the University of Wollongong in Australia, but instead of finishing, married the famous archeo-musicologist John Franklin and had some children (now in school). She has exhibited paintings in Boston, London, Nicosia, Wollongong, at the Laura Russo Gallery in Portland, OR, and in Burlington, VT, where she now lives. She teaches a course in Comics at the University of Vermont and drawing at Champlain College. Glynnis is a member of the NY-based web comic collective Activatecomix.com and publishes on Muthamagazine.com. Credits: This episode’s music is Nothing’s Gonna Bring Me Down by David Baerwald, used with permission of the artist. The conversation was recorded at the Toronto Marriott Bloor Yorkville Hotel on a pair of Blue enCORE 200 Microphones feeding into a Zoom H5 digital recorder. I recorded the intro and outro on a Blue enCORE 200 Microphone feeding into a Mackie Onyx Blackjack 2×2 USB Recording Interface . Processing was done in Audacity and Logic Pro. B/w photo of Glynnis by me. Not sure who to credit with the color pic at the top. This is a Gil Roth joint. You want more of me? Try these: Virtual Memories Show Montaigne's Library ARCHIVES Select Month January 2020 (2) December 2019 (7) November 2019 (6) October 2019 (6) September 2019 (7) August 2019 (4) July 2019 (4) June 2019 (4) May 2019 (4) April 2019 (4) March 2019 (5) February 2019 (4) January 2019 (5) December 2018 (3) November 2018 (4) October 2018 (4) September 2018 (5) August 2018 (4) July 2018 (5) June 2018 (4) May 2018 (5) April 2018 (5) March 2018 (4) February 2018 (4) January 2018 (7) December 2017 (4) November 2017 (4) October 2017 (5) September 2017 (4) August 2017 (4) July 2017 (7) June 2017 (4) May 2017 (5) April 2017 (4) March 2017 (4) February 2017 (5) January 2017 (5) December 2016 (4) November 2016 (4) October 2016 (5) September 2016 (4) August 2016 (5) July 2016 (5) June 2016 (4) May 2016 (5) April 2016 (4) March 2016 (4) February 2016 (6) January 2016 (5) December 2015 (3) November 2015 (6) October 2015 (4) September 2015 (4) August 2015 (5) July 2015 (4) June 2015 (4) May 2015 (4) April 2015 (5) March 2015 (5) February 2015 (4) January 2015 (5) December 2014 (9) November 2014 (4) October 2014 (4) September 2014 (9) August 2014 (6) July 2014 (5) June 2014 (3) May 2014 (4) April 2014 (6) March 2014 (6) February 2014 (3) January 2014 (5) December 2013 (13) November 2013 (4) October 2013 (4) September 2013 (3) August 2013 (3) July 2013 (2) June 2013 (2) May 2013 (5) April 2013 (3) March 2013 (4) February 2013 (4) January 2013 (3) December 2012 (4) November 2012 (10) October 2012 (2) September 2012 (4) August 2012 (3) July 2012 (3) June 2012 (2) May 2012 (4) April 2012 (2) March 2012 (1) February 2012 (6) January 2012 (4) December 2011 (4) November 2011 (3) October 2011 (6) September 2011 (10) August 2011 (6) July 2011 (8) June 2011 (5) May 2011 (8) April 2011 (6) March 2011 (8) February 2011 (6) January 2011 (13) December 2010 (16) November 2010 (14) October 2010 (18) September 2010 (13) August 2010 (19) July 2010 (14) June 2010 (9) May 2010 (17) April 2010 (17) March 2010 (20) February 2010 (18) January 2010 (19) December 2009 (18) November 2009 (23) October 2009 (24) September 2009 (17) August 2009 (42) July 2009 (39) June 2009 (37) May 2009 (43) April 2009 (38) March 2009 (44) February 2009 (42) January 2009 (39) December 2008 (36) November 2008 (39) October 2008 (48) September 2008 (47) August 2008 (43) July 2008 (30) June 2008 (34) May 2008 (41) April 2008 (39) March 2008 (41) February 2008 (50) January 2008 (34) December 2007 (27) November 2007 (42) October 2007 (33) September 2007 (27) August 2007 (34) July 2007 (38) June 2007 (35) May 2007 (45) April 2007 (54) March 2007 (53) February 2007 (36) January 2007 (50) December 2006 (43) November 2006 (43) October 2006 (48) September 2006 (30) August 2006 (37) July 2006 (45) June 2006 (35) May 2006 (43) April 2006 (35) March 2006 (36) February 2006 (35) January 2006 (42) December 2005 (38) November 2005 (28) October 2005 (42) September 2005 (30) August 2005 (30) July 2005 (30) June 2005 (21) May 2005 (17) April 2005 (24) March 2005 (25) February 2005 (24) January 2005 (30) December 2004 (18) November 2004 (26) October 2004 (18) September 2004 (38) August 2004 (30) July 2004 (26) June 2004 (29) May 2004 (27) April 2004 (25) March 2004 (30) February 2004 (19) January 2004 (11) December 2003 (18) November 2003 (20) October 2003 (14) September 2003 (9) August 2003 (13) July 2003 (6) June 2003 (4) May 2003 (2) April 2003 (7) March 2003 (5) February 2003 (8) Get on our weekly e-mail list to find out about new episodes, upcoming guests, and show news! Support The Virtual Memories Show through a monthly donation via Patreon or by kicking in a few shekels via Paypal All contents copyright Gil Roth 2003-2020 Follow The Virtual Memories Show

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GERIN, Annie The Rise and Fall of Early Soviet Satirical Art: Context and Historiography Session 2 The Rank of Art Université du Québec à Montréa This paper aims to address the value given to early Soviet satirical art and the shift in its perceived significance in relation to political and cultural changes that occurred within the Soviet Union during the late 1920s and early 1930s. It is a little known fact that in the period that spans from the October Revolution to the early 1930s, satirical art was not only recognised and acclaimed by critics and the public alike, but also valued by the government for its specific rhetorical potential as an indispensable genre of revolutionary art. Indeed, along with the arts of the avant-garde and different shades of realism, it was commissioned, produced, exhibited and theorised by leading artists (Vladimir Mayakovsky, Kazimir Malevich, Lyubov Popova, etc.) and theorists (Anatoly Lunacharsky, Osip Brik, etc.). Yet, in the 1930s, satire in the arts became less present. This paper opens with a discussion of Anatoly Lunacharsky’s conception of Soviet laughter that served the establishment of Soviet satirical arts as a valued practice in the 1920s and 1930s. It continues with an assessment of the reasons and arguments that motivated a reversal and the eventual marginalisation of Soviet satire. Annie Gérin is professor of art history at the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) in Canada. She is also the Editor-in-Chief of RACAR, the journal of the University Art Association of Canada (UAAC). Educated in Canada, Russia and the UK, her research interests encompass the areas of Soviet art, Canadian public art, and art on the World Wide Web. She is especially concerned with art encountered by non-specialized publics, outside the gallery space. Her curatorial work includes Picturing Regina: 100 Years Later (2004), Godless at the Workbench (2004-2005), Perambulations: Art of Motion and the Streets of Ottawa (2006) and Le chant du Fer: Hommage à Jordi Bonet (2011). Her publications include Godless at the Workbench: Soviet Humoristic Antireligious Propaganda (2004) and the edited collections Canadian Cultural Poesis (2006), Public Art in Canada: Critical Perspectives (2009), Œuvres à la rue: Pratiques et discours émergents en art public (2010) and Formes urbaines: Circulation, stockage et transmission de l’expression culturelle à Montréal (2014). She is currently working on a book manuscript that centers on the history and theorization of early satirical art in Soviet Russia (1920s and 1930s).

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harnum, jeremy (31) burrard dry dock co. ltd. (24) howard, barbara, 1926-2002 (20) jarvis, dale (20) outram, richard daley, 1930-2005 (20) taylor, david (15) jarvis, dale gilbert (14) kt design (13) penney, nicole (12) black and white, 12.7 x 9.2 cm (38) video/mp4 (18) canadian newspapers -- newfoundland and labrador -- corner brook -- 20th century (159) performing arts -- newfoundland and labrador -- posters (130) boatbuilding (76) All fields: design Numbered Peattie (B) A Guide for Municipalities in Preserving our Past - Planning Our Future Newfoundland and Labrador. Migration/settlement; A manual intended as a resource for municipal councilors and staff in NL who are interested in protecting and developing their community's heritage. 2013-2014. Program of Studies [Part 1] Education--Curricula; Examinations; Outlines; Textbooks; Education, Secondary--Newfoundland and Labrador; Education, Elementary--Newfoundland and Labrador Contains the syllabus for all grades, in sections for kindergarten, primary, elementary, intermediate, senior high, French immersion and English Second Language. Bickerdike, Rhoda Dawson Most of the material in this collection was generated by Rhoda Dawson when she lived in Newfoundland and Labrador between 1930 and 1935. The collection contains essays, diaries, correspondence, and photographs. The essays are on various aspects of... The Muse, vol. 49, no. 18 (05 March 1999) Memorial University of Newfoundland--Students--Periodicals; College student newspapers and periodicals--Newfoundland and Labrador--St. John's; College students--Newfoundland and Labrador--St. John's--Periodicals; St. John's Daily News, 1861-12-27 Culture & Tradition, vol. 08 (1984) Folklore--Canada--Periodicals; Folklore--Newfoundland and Labrador--Periodicals Culture & Tradition is published by graduate students in the Department of Folklore, Memorial University of Newfoundland. It is Canada's longest running, bilingual folklore journal. The journal was founded in 1976 by graduate students in the... The Muse, vol. 16, no. 10 (02 December 1965) Memorial University of Newfoundland--Students--Periodicals; College students--Newfoundland and Labrador--St. John's--Periodicals; College student newspapers and periodicals--Newfoundland and Labrador--St. John's The student newspaper of Memorial University of Newfoundland, providing coverage of not only university life but also national and international news relating to students. The St. John's Daily Star was published daily except Sunday between 17 April 1915 - 23 July 1921. -- Not published: 30 May - 09 June 1918, 11-12 July 1919. In process: September-December 1919, July 1921. Mrs. Belbin : Newfoundland mat maker. Belbin, Louise; Rugs, Hooked--Newfoundland and Labrador

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Review: Dungeons & Dragons: Chronicles of Mystara (Sony PS3/Nintendo Wii U) Alex Lucard | June 18, 2013 | Archive, Nintendo Wii U, Sony PS3, Top Story, Video Game Reviews | 4 Comments Developer: Iron Galaxy Studios Genre: Side Scrolling Beat ‘Em Up Last week you may have read my preview slash secrets list articles for both Tower of Doom and Shadow Over Mystara. Now it’s time for the actual review – one written by someone that owns the original collection for the Sega Saturn and both arcade cabinets. These two games, along with Captain American & the Avengers, are the only arcade cabinets I’ve ever purchased (although I’d love to get CarnEvil) and my friends and I have played them to the point where I think I’ve memorized everything about them. It’s no wonder, then, that Capcom sent me the game weeks in advance to really test the mettle of it. So are the games arcade perfect? No, there are some noticeable control issues and field detection problems, and I’d even go so far as to say the Saturn version is better. However this new version is only FIFTEEN DOLLARS ($40 for the disc based version in August), whereas the Saturn version will cost upwards of $100, and you’ll need an ST KEY to play them, and the cabinets… well, they’re as cost prohibitive as they are rare, so only someone that had no other choice should go that route (ahem). For the amount you’re spending compared to what I did back in the late 90s, I am MORE than willing to overlook the minor issues in this collection. Plus hey, it’s Iron Galaxy – I guess I’m used to their HD remakes being inferior to the Arcade and Sega system versions of games. In Chronicles of Mystara, you’re getting two games. The first is Tower of Doom, which is a seven or so stage title where you have a choice of four PCs: Warrior, Cleric, Elf and Dwarf. It’s pretty straightforward and rips locations, antagonists and weaponry straight from the Rules Cyclopedia from Basic D&D. There are some odd design choices, like the Cleric having to level up a bit before healing(!?) or having a spell called Continual Light that, well… only lasts a few seconds, but it’s extremely accurate to the tabletop games considering this is a beat ’em up, right down to elemental weaknesses. Here players are ultimately trying to stop Deimos the Lich, although other bosses include a Manticore, Black Dragon, Green Dragon, Ogre, Displacer Beast and so on. There’s also a slightly hidden Red Dragon boss that is tougher than Deimos, but the new version of the game is missing the insignia for when you beat Flamewing in the top score listing. Shadow Over Mystara is the better game in my opinion, even though it’s little more than a remix of the original. The game adds two new (overpowered) PCs, The Magic-User and Thief, and also gives each class two different character designs, allowing you to have say, two mages and two elves on your team, so there’s no more fighting over who gets to be, say, the Warrior. Bosses are remixed, with the Red Dragon being the end boss in this game, although there’s a very hidden second Red Dragon in the game as well, worth 1 MILLION EXPERIENCE POINTS. There are a few new monsters, such as goblins and the frost/flame salamanders, but mostly it’s more of what you encountered in Tower of Doom but with more stages, more branches, some hidden levels, and spellcasters get a lot power behind them as everyone is starting at a higher level than ToD. Visually the games look great. I won’t lie – looking at these in time with the arcade cabinet… I have to say the arcade versions look better. Colors are crisper and clearer and the BIG bosses like Flamewing and Synn definitely look better on the cabinet. This new version certainly looks better than my Saturn versions, although honestly… not by much. I think IGS was trying so hard to keep the retro visuals of the games intact, they stopped paying attention to the original, especially in terms of hues and colours. You can monkey with the graphics in the HD version to make them more to your liking, but honestly, it’s a bit odd saying that the HD remake is only slightly better looking than a disc based released from 1998. Now, don’t get me wrong, what’s here looks good and captures the feel of the game wonderfully; it’s just that the Saturn version was surprisingly good, with smooth textures and visuals that pushed the system. Character designs, backgrounds and so on are pretty close to the original, and only someone obsessed enough with the original games is going to be comparing the HD remake to the original in terms of colours, frame rate and the like. 99.99% of you are going to be thrilled with how the game looks, and that’s what matters. This collection LOOKS like the games in your memory, and if you ever played either, you will be ecstatic just to recapture your youth with this digital nostalgia. Audio-wise, the HD remake is definitely better than the Saturn, especially in terms of the voice acting. It’s on par with the arcade version too, with characters having their trademark voices and cries intact. Combat sounds wonderful, with each spell and weapon having their own distinct sound effects to go with them. If you played these games back in the mid to late 90s at your local arcade, then no doubt just listening to the game is going to make you a happy camper. So let’s talk gameplay. Tower of Doom is relatively simple. You have an attack button, a jump button, a use item button and a button to cycle through your inventory. The Elf and Cleric have spells, so their cycling will take longer, which simulates the time needed to cast a spell. It’s best that patient gamers play the spellcasters, which is doubly so in Shadow Over Mystara. The sequel adds several new physical attacks, and hitting the jump button while in the inventory will change you over to a new level (or levels in the case of spell casters) of the inventory system. Warriors might have new weapons and armour, while spellcasters might have rods and two levels of spell inventory. Again, it becomes important that the spellcasters are patient, as they have to slog through their menus in real time, possibly while being stabbed. Shadow of Mystara also introduces hidden magical items, stages and even a numerology system where your name determines what free magic item you will receive towards the beginning of the adventure. I have the entire numerology guide in my Shadow Over Mystara preview guide, which you can read here. There are some noticeable issues with the HD remakes not present in the arcade game or Saturn version, chiefly rapid press detection. Things like the Dwarf’s rapid attack, the Elf’s rapid fire bow attack, the Magic User’s teleport and anyone trying to dash aren’t noticed about half the time, which is a real disappointment. Considering dashing is vital to using the Thief correctly, and teleport is one of the ways you can beat Shadow Over Mystara on a single credit with the Magic User (along with a Rod of Cold and Rod of Lightning), this will no doubt annoy and frustrate long time fans of the game. At least these issues can be fixed with a patch – again, if my SATURN version could get it right, why couldn’t a current gen version? You can reduce these issues by choosing the D-pad over the analog stick, but it’s still noticeable. Another big issue is jump lag. You will notice lag between pressing jump and it actually occurring. I’ve also noticed you will sometimes crouch instead of jump, even if your hand is off the pad/stick. Sometimes it will even crouch then jump, making you wonder how this got through quality control, but thankfully this is minor, as the only times you really need jump to save your life is with the Red Dragons and Deimos. Oh wait… the END BOSSES. Finally, there is noticeable field detection issues. I’ve noticed attacks for characters and antagonists hitting even when one is too far away from the defender, and attacks not connecting even when you are right next to each other. Now in some case, like fireballs on the Black Dragon, this was originally programmed into the game, but I’m talking basic attacks and spells connecting when they shouldn’t and vice versa. It’s not that often, and it does seem to be field and position based rather than a straight forward hit detection issue. If you’re not on the same plane, attacks do seem to have a chance of not connecting even if they should, and if you are on the same plane, you can sometimes score an attack even if you’re on opposite sides of the screen. Again, a patch IS NEEDED and it’s odd that these issues are in the game when, again, they’re not in the original arcade game or the Sega Saturn version. Now, gameplay complaints aside, Chronicles of Mystara is still a joy to play through. Unless you are immensely familiar with the previous versions of the games, you probably won’t realize that there are control/gameplay issues with this version. You’ll just think that’s how the original played and be happy leveling up, fighting over healing potions, killing monsters and deciding which branching path to take. This collection plays better than other arcade conversions, like TMNT3: Turtles in Time and even modern beat ’em ups like the Watchmen games. I’m happy with what is here and have already learned to compensate for the quirks in this version. Again, is it as good as the previous incarnations? NO. Is it good enough to recommend wholeheartedly? YES. One thing I do like gameplay wise is that with the Wii U version, inventory management is SO much easier thanks to the GamePad. Seriously, I know most people will probably go for the PS3 or 360 version, but man, the Wii U version is heads and tails above the other versions just because of the management control. It’s definitely the best version of the game and it makes Magic Users EVEN MORE POWERFUL – something I didn’t think was possible. Replaywise, there is a lot in this collection, even though you basically have unlimited credits here. After all, you have two games, both with branching paths, hidden levels, multiple characters to try, a new Challenges system where you earn XP for doing specific actions and a vault full of artwork to unlock. I’ll admit I’m a bit disappointed that the vault’s “secrets” section doesn’t actually contain ANY SECRETS that the games have, like how to find various swords, the numerology chart, examples of infinite combos and so on. You would think these little tricks would be worth mentioning, but I guess not. As well, you can unlock “House Rules” for your game in the Vault, such as unbreakable items, a ton of money, a lack of continues/credits, using money instead of hit points, and so on. It’s really quite interesting to see all the options here, and along with multiplayer capabilities, there’s a ton of reasons to keep coming back to this game collection. Balance is a hard thing to discuss. After all, these games were arcade titles designed to make you keep putting quarters into them. So death comes rather frequently, especially against certain bosses, like the Beholder and Red Dragons. That said, the Magic User is insanely overpowered, and between the teleport, infinite attack combos via the Rod of Cold or Rod of Lightning and how crazy powerful his spells can be, it is possible to get through the game on a single credit with him. I know I’ve done it. As well, you can cast Final Strike if you earn it, and basically one hit KO Synn in Shadow Over Mystara. The key is figuring out what to do (Read my guide!), which, again, is something that should have been in the Secrets section of the vault. Overall, as long as you know things like attack patterns, elemental weaknesses and have a strategy lined up with your friends (say, a team of two mages, an elf and a thief or cleric), you should be good to go. It’s also worth noting that nearly twenty years after Tower of Doom first came out, the games still feel fresh and original. The beat ’em/action RPG hybrid concept was pretty new at this point, with really only games like Shadowrun for the Sega Genesis coming close. The visuals still look good for their age, and monsters like the Displacer Beast and Red Dragons will still make people go “Holy crap, I’m dead” when they see them. The games have easily stood the test of time and then some. So whether you are brand new to these Dungeons & Dragons titles or longtime veterans, you’ll find these games are hard to put down and a lot of fun. There really is nothing like the Dungeons & Dragons Collection and I’m thrilled to have these available on a North American console for the first time ever. They are worth the wait and even with the issues plaguing this version that aren’t in the original incarnations of the game, you’ll still have a blast with these games. Considering I probably paid a little under $1,000 for these games back in the day, the fifteen dollar price tag makes me want to make sure everyone who has a 360, PC, Wii U or PS3 gets these, because you can’t begin to comprehend what an amazing deal you are getting. BUY THIS COLLECTION NOW. Short Attention Span Summary Dungeons & Dragons: Chronicles of Mystara brings both D&D arcades games to North American consoles for the first time ever. Sure, the collection suffers from some gameplay issues that weren’t present in the actual arcade cabinets OR the Sega Saturn version, but it’s still a lot of fun and a steal at only fifteen dollars. Considering the Saturn version would require importing the game for over $100, purchasing an ST Key and only offered two player co-op, and the arcade cabinets cost hundreds of dollars and take up way too much space, this collection is a bargain unlike any other. The slight gameplay issues can easily be patched, and honestly, whether you are a long time fan of these games or completely new to them, you will thoroughly enjoy these beat ’em ups. If you really want a physical copy, you can always import the PS3 version that comes out in Japan in August. Review: I-Ninja (All) Thank God It’s Thursday News Report 10.02.03 10 Thoughts on… the Toukiden: the Age of Demons demo (Sony Playstation Vita) Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker Trailer (Sony PSP) Alexander Lucard Alexander Lucard was the Editor-in-Chief of Diehard GameFAN and Director of Operations for the InsidePulse network. He has since retired from writing, but clearly shows up now and again. He has worked in video game journalism since 2002 and was also a paid consultant for Konami and The Pokemon Company. Alex has previously written for Tips N Tricks, Gamespot, White Wolf, TSR, Wizards of the Coast, Eden Studios, 411mania, Not a True Ending and more. His writing could also be found in the monthly periodicals Massive Online Gamer and Pokemon Collector Magazine. xxx128 June 21, 2013 Reply Not a big fan of the D&D games but i have a few other CSP2 games. Awesome system. And its hard to believe how hard capcom fails to properly emulate these on modern hardwares. Alexander Lucard June 21, 2013 Reply I blame Capcom less an Iron Galaxy, the company they keep harvesting these HD remakes out to. Between SFIII, Darkstalkers and now this, they really need to stop giving IG work. Christopher Hopkinson June 22, 2013 Reply It’s looking like importing the PS3 physical release might be the way to go. Its apparently not Iron Storm working on that, but rather a team comprised of people who worked on the originals. I’m happy to have this…but I may go ahead on grab a copy of the physical version when it comes out…though not the $120 version. I don’t have that kind of cash, though if I did…i would. Yep. I preordered the Disc version as well. Leave a Reply to Christopher Hopkinson Cancel reply

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Madoff Confessed to $50 Billion Fraud This is HUGE news. We're talking about a guy who was a very big Market Maker. There is potentially more than $30 billion unaccounted for here THAT COULD COME OUT OF THE STOCK MARKET. Beware, this is a potential tape bomb, and certainly will not instill confidence in the markets. The futures went down and hit the 8,200 level (-365) and bounced. That 8,200 level should be strong support, but we'll see in the morning... Madoff Confessed $50 Billion Fraud to Workers Before FBI Arres By David Voreacos and David Glovin Dec. 12 (Bloomberg) -- Bernard Madoff had confessed to employees this week that his investment advisory business was “a giant Ponzi scheme” that cost clients $50 billion before two FBI agents showed up yesterday morning at his Manhattan apartment. “We’re here to find out if there’s an innocent explanation,” Agent Theodore Cacioppi told Madoff, 70, who is considered a pioneer of modern Wall Street. “There is no innocent explanation,” Madoff told the agents, saying he personally traded and lost money for institutional clients. He said he “paid investors with money that wasn’t there” and expected to go to jail. With that, agents arrested Madoff, according to an FBI complaint. The 8:30 a.m. arrest capped the stunningly swift downfall of Madoff and businesses bearing his name that specialized in trading securities, making markets and advising wealthy clients. Many questions remain unanswered, including whether Madoff’s clients actually lost $50 billion. The complaint and a civil lawsuit by regulators describe a man spinning out of control. Madoff, a white-haired man, appeared in federal court in downtown Manhattan at 6 p.m., wearing a white-striped shirt and dark-colored pants. U.S. Magistrate Judge Douglas Eaton described the securities-fraud charge against him and set a $10 million bond at a hearing where Madoff said nothing. Madoff later posted the bond, secured by his apartment and guaranteed by his wife. Madoff’s firm had about $17.1 billion in assets under management as of Nov. 17, according to NASD records. At least 50 percent of its clients were hedge funds, and others included banks and wealthy individuals, according to the records. The firm was the 23rd-largest market maker on Nasdaq in October, handling an average of about 50 million shares a day, exchange data show. It handled orders from online brokers for some of the largest U.S. companies, including General Electric Co. and Citigroup Inc. Scrambling to Unravel Prosecutors are joining regulators at the Securities and Exchange Commission, which filed a civil lawsuit, in scrambling to unravel the collapse of Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC. The broker-dealer and investment adviser was housed in a lipstick-shaped building at 885 Third Ave. A rapid series of events in early December preceded the firm’s demise, according to the arrest complaint and SEC lawsuit. In the first week of December, Madoff told a worker identified as Senior Employee No. 2 that clients had requested $7 billion in redemptions, he was struggling to find liquidity, and he thought he could do so, according to the FBI and SEC. Senior employees “previously understood” that the investment advisory business managed between $8 billion and $15 billion in assets, according to the documents. ‘Under Great Stress’ On Dec. 9, Madoff told a colleague identified as Senior Employee No. 1 that he wanted to pay bonuses in December, or two months earlier than usual. The next day, Madoff got a visit at his offices from the employees. They said he appeared “under great stress” in prior weeks, according to the documents. Madoff told his visitors that “he had recently made profits through business operations, and that now was a good time to distribute it,” according to the FBI complaint. When the workers challenged that explanation, Madoff said he “wasn’t sure he would be able to hold it together” at the office and preferred to meet at his apartment, Senior Employee No. 2 told investigators. At Madoff’s apartment, he told the employees that his investment advisory business was a “fraud” and he was “finished,” according to the FBI complaint. ‘One Big Lie’ He said he had “absolutely nothing,” that “it’s all just one big lie,” and that it was “basically, a giant Ponzi scheme,” Agent Cacioppi wrote in the complaint. The senior employees understood Madoff to be saying he had paid investors for years out of principal from other investors, the agent wrote. The business had been insolvent for years, said Madoff, who then made a stunning disclosure -- he estimated losses at more than $50 billion. Madoff said he had $200 million to $300 million left, and he planned to pay employees, family, and friends. Madoff, who had also confessed to a third senior employee, said he planned to surrender to authorities within a week, according to the complaint. Cacioppi and another agent beat Madoff to the punch. After saying he had no “innocent explanation,” Madoff confessed “it was all his fault,” Cacioppi wrote. “Madoff also said that he was ‘broke’ and ‘insolvent’ and that he had decided that ‘it could not go on,’ and that he expected to go to jail,” the agent wrote. “Madoff also stated that he had recently admitted what he had done to Senior Employee Nos. 1, 2, and 3.” Madoff founded the firm in 1960 after leaving law school, according to the company’s Web site. His brother, Peter, joined the firm in 1970 after graduating from law school, it said. Bernard Madoff, who owned more than 75 percent of his firm, and his brother Peter are the only two listed on regulatory records as “direct owners and executive officers.” Bernard Madoff was influential with the Nasdaq Stock Market, serving as chairman of the board of directors, according to the FBI complaint. He was chief of the Securities Industry Association’s trading committee in the 1990s and earlier this decade. He represented brokerages in talks with regulators about new stock- market rules as electronic-trading systems and networks grew. He was an early advocate for electronic trading, joining roundtable discussions with SEC regulators considering trading stocks in penny increments. His firm was among the first to make markets in New York Stock Exchange listed stocks outside of the Big Board, relying instead on Nasdaq. Madoff’s Web site advertises the “high ethical standards” of his firm. “In an era of faceless organizations owned by other equally faceless organizations, Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC harks back to an earlier era in the financial world: The owner’s name is on the door. Clients know that Bernard Madoff has a personal interest in maintaining the unblemished record of value, fair-dealing, and high ethical standards that has always been the firm’s hallmark.” The case is U.S. v. Madoff, 08-MAG-02735, U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York (Manhattan). Posted byAmy Jamison at10:52 PM Dilbert - Funny Math! Voyage to the Bottom of the ‘C’… When the Math No Longer Works... Bank Failure Friday... Two for one. Nassim Taleb - Author of "The Black Swan" End of Day/Week 12/12 Update Going into the Close Ecuador Goes into Default White House Considers Using Tarp Money for Automak... Morning Update 12/12 Senate Rejects Auto Industry Bailout When the Math No Longer Works… Breaking - Bank of America to Slash 35,000 Jobs Fred Thompson - Merry Christmas! Still more Hugh Hendry... End of Day 12/11 Update - VIX Update Heading into the Close Update - VIX/XLF Update - short, medium, long term... Huh? Interest Bearing Fractional Reserve Money by... End of Day 12/9 Update - Symmetry Update - Chop, Chop! Update on Transports Morning Update 12/9 New Service - Subscribe via Email Update Going into the Close... December 7th, We Remember

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MANU FEILDEL CELEBRITY CHEF, TV AND MEDIA PRESENTER Manu Feildel (born Emmanuel Feildel) is a chef born in France, trained in England and now living in Australia, most widely known for his participation in Australia’s cookery competition programs Ready Steady Cook, Master Chef Australia and My Kitchen Rules (MKR). He achieved a solid reputation as head chef at the restaurant Bilson’s before moving to open his own restaurant, Manu at L’Étoile, in 2009. Manu Feildel participated in, and won, Dancing with the Stars 2011. Manu Feildel is back as Judge and co-host for his sixth season of My Kitchen Rules and this time he’s hoping there will be plenty of sauce! Throughout the years he has been judging the competition, Manu says it’s still the one thing that makes him see red. “Each year I see teams plate up these magnificent dishes and you know they have put their heart and soul into it. They have created beautiful flavours and textures, but there’s no sauce to complement it. “It may seem like a simple thing, but it can be crucial when it comes to scoring: the difference between a seven and a 10,” he says. “It’s like forgetting to add seasoning to a dish. It’s heartbreaking to see someone eliminated for not adding salt or pepper to a dish.” Manu says the Season Six menus are heavily influenced by the lifestyle and heritage of the contestants, from fishing enthusiasts who worship seafood to Texan natives who pay homage to their Southern roots. “You can tell when something is made with love and passion; it will flow through every element on the plate from the look, touch, smell and taste of the dish.” Manu is no stranger to innovative cooking himself. After completing a chef apprenticeship at his father’s bistro, he was bitten by the travel bug and packed his apron and headed to London. Although he spoke no English, he began work at The Café Royal before rising through the ranks at restaurants such as Les Associes, Café des Amis du Vin and Livebait. In 1999, Manu flew to Melbourne where he worked at Toofey’s for a short while before heading to Sydney. After six months working alongside fellow My Kitchen Rules judge Pete Evans at his Hugos restaurant, Manu opened the kitchen at Hugos Lounge in Kings Cross. Manu ran the kitchen for 18 months before he moved to Restaurant VII. During his reign, the restaurant’s exciting fusion of French and Japanese cuisine earned a coveted Two Chef’s Hats from The Sydney Morning Herald Good Food Guide. In 2004, acclaimed Australian chef Tony Bilson approached Manu to open his new venture Bilson’s at the Radisson Hotel. In its second year, the restaurant was awarded Two Chef Hats and Three Chef Hats the following year. More success followed with the opening in March 2009 of his own restaurant – L’étoile in Paddington, Sydney. Specialising in classic French bistro food, it too was recognised with a Chef Hat. In 2011, Manu released his first cookbook, Manu’s French Kitchen. He won Dancing with the Stars on Channel Seven and was crowned Chef of the Year at GQ’s annual Men of the Year Awards. Band/Artist/Act:Manu Feildel Info:Manu Feildel is one of the most popular new personalities on Australian television.

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dein Gesund Code X im Online Fitness Center Home > 2017 > August 25. August 2017 DocNature 0 comment Another video has surfaced questioning the gender of former first lady Michelle Obama. Alex Jones investigates. Help us spread the word about the liberty movement, we’re reaching millions help us reach millions more. Share the free live video feed link with your friends & family: http://www.infowars.com/show Follow Alex on TWITTER – https://twitter.com/RealAlexJones Like Alex on FACEBOOK – https://www.facebook.com/AlexanderEmerickJones Infowars on G+ – https://plus.google.com/+infowars/ :Web: http://www.infowars.com/ http://www.prisonplanet.com/ http://www.infowars.net/ :Subscribe and share your login with 20 friends: http://www.prisonplanet.tv http://www.InfowarsNews.com Visit http://www.InfowarsLife.com to get the products Alex Jones and his family trust, while… Download Quidd – http://bit.ly/2x2KvwR Please support them for making this possible! 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Check out http://www.vox.com to get up to speed on everything from Kurdistan to the Kim Kardashian app. Check out our full video catalog: http://goo.gl/IZONyE Follow Vox on Twitter: http://goo.gl/XFrZ5H Or on Facebook: http://goo.gl/U2g06o The modern way of burying a body, the „casket in the ground method“ most of us are used… COME!!! https://www.fandango.com/goodtime_202424/movieoverview (sorry if it’s sold out. go see the movie anyway) harass Oscar for tickets https://twitter.com/ohboyson tell josh + benny you liked their movie https://twitter.com/JOSH_BENNY Music – https://soundcloud.com/officialtaylorgalford Black holes are scary things. But they also might reveal the true nature of the universe to us. This video was funded by SNSF under Agora Grant n. 171622 and through the NCCR SwissMAP: The Mathematics of Physics. 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Don’t miss This is Mythical: http://bit.ly/LEShampooTest Get our brand new GMM socks at http://mythical.store SUBSCRIBE to GMM: http://bit.ly/subrl2 | Watch today’s GMMore: http://bit.ly/RhettFerrari Comment Takeover! Go suggest some other songs to sing to the puppy! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_2raQrTf30 Follow Rhett & Link: Website: http://mythical.co Facebook: http://facebook.com/rhettandlink Twitter: http://twitter.com/rhettandlink Tumblr: http://rhettandlink.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/rhettandlink Other Rhett & Link Channels: Main Channel: https://youtube.com/rhettandlink Good Mythical MORE: https://youtube.com/goodmythicalmore This Is Mythical: https://youtube.com/thisismythical Watch More GMM: Choose a Season: http://bit.ly/2axhxZN Popular Videos: http://bit.ly/2afIJ12 Latest… The lawsuit is over. Thank you everyone, this is a huge win for Fair Use. 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New Mediators Joining the Team Next Week gary miller, carolyn slowikoski, #workerscomp #fljcc #WECE2015 Written by Dave Langham. New Mediator in Miami In January 2014, Mercedes De Los Santos joined the OJCC as a state mediator in Miami. She decided to return to private practice. In July 2015, Gary Miller will join the OJCC as mediator in Judge Castiello’s division. Mr. Miller is a graduate of Florida Atlantic University and the Shepard Broad Law Center of Nova Southeastern University. He has been a member of The Florida Bar since 1987 and was certified as a Circuit Civil Mediator in 2011. Mr. Miller has experience representing both injured workers and employer/carriers in trial, and has conducted private mediations. New Mediator in Pensacola In July 2014, Wallace Hardy retired as state mediator in Pensacola. Due to budget cuts, the OJCC has not had a mediator position for each judge over the last few years. For fiscal 2015, which ends June 30, 2015, the OJCC held Mr. Hardy’s position open and attempted to cover Pensacola mediations telephonically from Panama City. At Judge Winn’s request, the Pensacola mediator position is now being filled. Carolyn Slowikoski is a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and the University of Florida School of Law. Additionally, she has earned masters degrees from Loyola and the University of Alabama. She was admitted to The Florida Bar in 1990 and was certified as a mediator in 2003. She has extensive experience in trial and mediation. We hope you get a chance to meet our new mediators at the WCI in August!

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Ira Sachs - Forty Shades of Blue - 10/08/05 Ira Sachs - Married Life - 02/14/08 Zachary Booth & Ira Sachs - Keep the Lights On, Damages - 6/21/12 Ira Sachs & Theo Taplitz - Little Men - 4/29/2016 Ira Sachs - Frankie - 10/7/2019 Love Is Strange (2014) Married Life (2008) Forty Shades of Blue (2005) Ira Sachs—Love Is Strange—8/11/2014 Ira Sachs took the Grand Jury Prize at the 2005 Sundance Film Festival for his sophomore feature Forty Shades of Blue (starring Rip Torn and Dina Korzun), which he followed up with Married Life (starring Chris Cooper, Patricia Clarkson, Pierce Brosnan, and Rachel McAdams) and Keep the Lights On (with Zachary Booth with Thure Lindhardt). His latest, Love Is Strange, looks at the decades-long relationship, recently "made official," between characters played by John Lithgow and Alfred Molina. Sachs and I sat down to discuss the film at San Francisco's Fairmont Hotel. Groucho Reviews: Despite the comical and dramatic struggles of the characters, this...picture has about it, I think a serenity that maybe your other films don’t. Not just a stylistic austerity but a kind of serenity. Ira Sachs: Yeah. Groucho Reviews: Do you attribute that to a newfound optimism in your own life? Ira Sachs: I attribute it to a serenity in my own life. (Both laugh.) IS: I think that this is a film that I’ve made at a point in my life in which I’m happier with myself. And I’m more comfortable with myself. But I’m also less alienated. And I think that my films have always been more personal and I think they’ve revealed the struggles that I’ve had. And I think this film speaks to, in a way, a more optimistic moment in my life. G: Yeah. I think the last time we talked, you had remarked that you had been thinking about how many of your protagonists were not happy with themselves. IS: Right. G: Or judging themselves. IS: Yes. Well, the nice thing about Ben and George—I think why people want to be around them—and it’s also true about Alfred Molina and John Lithgow, is that these are men who know and like themselves and are not searching in that way. They’re searching for other stimulation, but it’s external to the extent of how art and music and beauty and love can sometimes be external. They’re really great people to spend time with. G: The characters? IS: I say that loosely because I mean the characters and the actors. G: Right. IS: You know, I think that they begin to merge. G: Yeah. So the film depicts realistically strained marriages— IS: Uh-huh. G: And you’ve dealt with the subject before. IS: Yes. G: Though maybe in somewhat of a more arch context with Married Life. What do you hope Life is Strange conveys about marriage? IS: That it’s unique for each of us. That it changes with time. Sometimes for the better, sometimes not. And this film is also about love in a broader sense. It’s also about familial love, paternal love, our communities, our friends—these different ways in which we all influence each other and how those things can shift on a dime at any one moment. And I think for Ben and George, it’s a pretty classic kind of set-up for the love story genre because it’s two people who are in love who have to face an obstacle together. And what we reveal in the story is the depth of their love, through how they do that. G: Uh huh. There’s a sort of cinematic thread perhaps that runs through Make Way for Tomorrow, through Tokyo Story— IS: Mm-hm. G: To this. What influence did those films have on you if any? You also reference contemporary French realism cinema and I wonder what pictures come to mind there—like Arnaud Desplechin, maybe? IS: Well, I maintain a twenty-year long obsession with the work of Maurice Pialat. With this film, Christos Voudouris, my cinematographer and I spent a lot of time studying À nos amours and Loulou, which are two films of Pialat, and in fact would carry them around with us when we were shooting because there was something we were learning—an intimacy. This is my first film in which the camera is—in general we’re using a 50mm lens, which is kind of the most human. It’s the closest to the human eye. And that’s something—I’ve tended to use a longer lens, which in a way speaks to a more kind of alienated relationship. So there is a shift, and I think, for Mauricio [Zacharias] and I, my co-writer, Ozu in general has been life-changing. We started it—we both had the chance to go every week for about ten weeks to see a different Ozu film—when we first started working together—at the IFC Center in New York, and it was—for me, I think I’ve had these different heroes who’ve been like the hero of the decade for me. And when I was young, it was Cassavetes. In my thirties it was Ken Loach. And in my forties, I think Ozu is someone who I’m in struggle and whom I’m in admiration for. G: Yeah. Interesting. So you have a history of prepping your actors by sending them on "dates." G: So surely you must have set up a date for John Lithgow and Alfred Molina before the shoot. And if so, did any tales filter back from that? IS: Well, I was on the first date—which I haven’t always been—which was at a steakhouse in Beverly Hills. And what was different about this case was these were two men who knew each other for twenty years. I actually, when I visited Alfred Molina’s house, in Los Angeles—on his mantle—and it was not placed there specially—was a picture of he and John from backstage at the Tony Awards ten years before. So they had a kind of collegial familiarity with each other that meant we actually—what happened during production was they formed a very deep friendship that I think is really key to the quality of their relationship in the film. They loved each other. And they share very similar histories. They both have been living in L.A. for their adult lives. They both are in long marriages. They both have been working in the theatre and in film as kind of thespians. Working men. And I think they were a great couple. It was a good match. G: Yeah. It’s born out in the film for sure. So you tend to step back and let your actors deliver on their own steam. IS: Mm. G: What did you observe about the differing ways this cast prepared and their styles and approaches in techniques, formal or intuitive? IS: Yeah. Each actor needs something very different in a slight way. In the course of production, I don’t rehearse before I start shooting. So none of the actors have heard the other actors say the lines, but each day of production is in itself a day of rehearsal. You do it many times. And you shift and you change it. For John Lithgow and Marisa Tomei, it’s—for John I think the business is very important. What is he actually doing? How is he moving? What are his hands—what can he use to kind of—what actions will he be doing? And he needs to get those right. For Marisa there’s this intense—and kind of extraordinary to observe—ambition for the film, for the moment captured on film to be complex real and alive. So she pushes really hard to make something that is beyond conscious occur in the moment. So, for example, when we’re shooting that scene of her in the bed with Darren Burrows, [playing] her husband beside her, and there’s no dialogue—I was watching her and I thought, "Oh, that’s why this woman has been nominated for three Academy Awards, because she can actually tell a story, write paragraphs, without dialogue. That’s a very talented person. Fred needs very, very little. He seems to come to set like fully—like fully ready. And he seems to walk into a scene as if he’s done it many, many times. That said, it’s important for him to find something new, and I think in this film, because of kind of—I think it helped that we had built really full worlds around them. So the world was real. And they could exist in it. G: A sort of related question is setting the tone—the tone is sometimes a bit lighter here— G: Than usual for you. And then of course it’s always done in a realistic way— G: It’s never—there’s no kind of broad comedy here. Can you talk about striking the right tone and getting all the actors tonally on the same page? IS: Well, there’s no broad comedy, but I do benefit by having comic actors in the film. You know, that’s—that’s a thing. G: Yeah. They have a keen sense. IS: That’s something that’s true in Make Way for Tomorrow as well, by the way, that those are comic—Beulah Bondi is a comic actress. And I think that there is a—you know, their timing is really beautiful. And I think it aids to bring the levity of the film. I also think that this film is a lot about acceptance. And with acceptance—for myself, I hope comes humor. Not to take everyone very seriously and none of us too seriously. G: Yeah. So you’ve said—I think this was one of the previous times we talked, you said, “I really think of making a fiction film as a documentary. It’s exactly the same. You’re creating a situation where you use the camera to capture reality. And that’s something you do a lot of work to get.” G: So this is something that resonated with me with a couple of moments towards the end of the film. One, getting the rain out the window behind Joey, and the magic hour light in the sort of finale of the film. G: How much of that was luck and how much exquisite planning? IS: Uh, the other quote that I try to keep in mind is Renoir says, "When you’re shooting, keep the windows open and let the world in." So the world is around you. So you have to be really attentive to it. There is always—"accident" wouldn’t really be exactly the word because there’s always weather. G: Right. Yeah. IS: So it’s like this is the weather we shot during. But I think—and I do still think—this film follows the same mode of you getting the world right as part of my job. But it’s a more traditional story in terms of its structure. In terms of, in some ways, its use of dialogue. Also, it’s not a film about self-discovery. And I think that means it’s written in a more classical sense in a certain way. But there are a million accidents—including that girl at the end who—I had actually cast a fourteen-year-old who couldn’t skate—which I only found out on the day of production. G: (Chuckles.) IS: And on the set I saw a ponytail go by about a block away, and I thought it might be a girl on a skateboard and my producer went running after her. G: Wow. IS: Followed her three blocks and then down into the PATH train and tapped her on the shoulder and said, "Do you want to be in a movie?" And that’s the girl who’s in the end of the film. And she came camera-ready. G: And her name was Lana Turner. IS: Exactly. G: So you mentioned story structure. And one of the things I thought was interesting, was sort of conscious of while watching the film and then thought about, is there’s this kind of deus ex machina— G: That solves the central conflict of the movie. And yet it arrives just as suddenly as the conflict arrived. IS: Right. True. G: And life is kind of like that. G: So I’m still curious. Did you have any hesitation about playing that that way, you and your screenwriting partner? IS: You know, you try to ground the deus ex machina in reality, but you’re also aware that it is a device that has been used for a million years. If Shakespeare can do it, so can I. G: Yeah. IS: And I think there is something sort of—it’s a –this film plays with the classic comedy form as well as the classic tragedy form. But in that sense it’s the resolution of a romantic comedy. There was a book written by Stanley Cavell called Pursuits of Happiness[: The Hollywood Comedy of Remarriage]. And it’s about the remarriage comedies of the 1930s. Which was a genre. IS: Because—I mean the reasons that they were made was that it was—you could deal with sex and love by un-marrying a couple and bringing them back together because they were already married. And It Happened One Night or Palm Beach Story— G: His Girl Friday. IS: His Girl Friday. It’s a great book by the way—Stanley Cavell. And this is a remarriage comedy. G: Yeah. Hm. IS: In the classic sense. And I think with that then, at some point, the breakup needs to be resolved. G: Right. What kind of hassles, if any, did depicting painting and piano give you? IS: Well, I benefit by being married to a painter, Boris Torres, who did all the paintings for John in the film. They worked together in coming up with a style. And John is a painter. He’s a Saturday afternoon painter, as he would say. But he had the skills, which means that when he is painting, he looks like he is painting. Which is really important. Developing the narrative of that hero painting, the one central painting that plays throughout the film, was challenging. But it wasn’t as challenging as like a thousand knights or storming the castle. IS: It was challenging on my level. And the piano player—that little girl, Dovie Currin, is a prodigy. And so we found this wonderful child pianist. And Fred is really knowledgeable about music. So when he speaks about music it comes from depth. And I think for me a lot of what I love about Ben and George is in line with what I love about John and Alfred—which is, there’s depth there. And it’s depth that I aspire and admire. And I feel like it’s generational. I don’t know if you feel this way— G: Yeah. Yeah. IS: But I feel like people used to read more. They were deeper. I don’t know. It’s not true. But there is a relationship to words and music and beauty, which I love in these men. G: Yeah. Did you talk with Lithgow about the way he should quietly resonate this kind of mental and emotional fragility? Because to me that’s such a—so striking and poignant part of his work here. Or is it a point that’s made explicitly in the screenplay? It’s subtle but it adds so much to the performance. IS: I think it is in the script. He also found a very nice line to walk in terms of playing it in the character, which was—the character is older than John. And John is very robust. And so I think there is some acting in there as well and lots of choices that he’s making. But we wanted to keep it on this side of performance. If that makes sense. IS: We were always trying to play in a register that was very human. And very simple. And I think that was exciting for these actors. G: Yeah. So the tensions within Christian churches related to homosexuality vary from none to severe. G: And the political tide right now, it seems to me, is only gonna complicate that for religions, right? IS: Uh-huh. They’re gonna lose people. G: (Laughs.) So yeah, I was going to say, where do you see this going? In the film George gets nowhere with the authority, but then he takes it to the people, which seems to be, again, the way things are going. IS: Uh-huh. That’s true. Well, times are changing in a really wonderful way. And to me, this film is historically accurate to our moment in the sense that the situation that starts things off is one that is very real and is happening often. We read about a case in the Midwest where a man who was a choir director was fired from his job for marrying his partner. And that was kind of a good instigator for our story. What is really different for me in terms of this film and what makes it as historically precise is its optimism. Like, I couldn’t have made this film five years ago. Because I didn’t feel the same way I feel in my body. And as a gay man and as a married man and as a father and as a part of the world. And I think that’s the bigger change. And that’s really what the film is about is—I think that this is a time where this relationship between Ben and George is one that people know and people admire and people desire. And that’s exciting. G: Yeah. Another thing I really liked about the film is how you avoid spelling out what’s going on in Joey’s head, which I think most writers would probably do. And I think it speaks to the title of the film— IS: Yeah. G: As much as any other plot thread in the movie which makes it an appropriate character to end on. IS: Thank you. G: And you’re also not visually heavy-handed about the kind of "seasons of life" metaphor. G: It’s nicely subtle. But now that you’re here to talk about it, do you care to wax intellectual about Joey’s growing pains? IS: My films are always more subtle than I can be—because they involve more of me than this, in a way. And I’m always—I’m funnier than this. Like, I have a sense of humor. And you know— G: You can do some jokes if you’d like, too. IS: And that’s where—just imagine that John Lithgow and Alfred Molina are sitting there and they will be making fun of me and telling some jokes, but unfortunately, they’re working. [John]’s playing Lear right now. IS: I think that this is a film that comes to me at a point in which I’m aware that life does not last forever. And that’s both poignant and something that I can accept. And I think that that generational kind of turn is one that is really beautiful. And the brevity is not tragic. It’s sad. But it’s something that, you know, around the corner is a boy falling in love. G: Yeah. Uh-huh. So I should probably mention Chopin—and your choice of Chopin. What’s your history— IS: Chopin is this year’s Arthur Russell. G: (chuckling) I was gonna ask what your history is with Chopin and why you decided he was right for this film. IS: Well, I mean I mean that because Keep the Lights On—all the music was Arthur Russell. It was a library of Arthur Russell, and we constructed a score out of this previously recorded music. And with this film it’s all the music of Chopin. And there will be a soundtrack. And I—I work with a writer, Mauricio Zacharias, and he is much more knowledgeable about music than I am. And he wrote into the scene with the little girl the Chopin prelude, and it was then that I started diving into the Chopin waters. And with my editors, Affonso Gonçalves and Michael Taylor, we realized early on in the editing process that if we were interested in using piano music, no one would be better than Chopin to narrate it and to comment upon and to enhance the beauty of the film. You know, to me, what I like in movies is where the music is both part of the movie but also has its own integrity. A good artist is someone who is very clear about his separation of sound and image. And I think separation and yet unity is what you’re after. What’s great about Chopin is that it is so diverse. And it’s narrative and it’s funny and it’s light and it’s very, very deep. And I think the range of emotions in it worked perfectly for the film. And for us, we started to hear how Gershwin was used in Manhattan, and that was certainly an influence for us—that it added to the romance of the film. G: Mm, yeah. I’m almost out of time here but I always like to pick your brain about what you think you might be bringing to the screen next. IS: Oh. Well, it’s in my bag in the back—the first draft of the new script I’m working on with Mauricio, which is a film about two boys in New York—it’s the third in a trilogy of New York stories. In this case it’s about two boys who develop a new friendship, and for various reasons they decide to take an oath of silence. And both stop talking to their families. And it’s another film about relationships, intimacy and New York real estate. G: (laughing) All right. Well, that’s a good place to end. It’s always a pleasure. Thank you. IS: Yeah. Thank you—for good questions.

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AHA News: Could Adding Minerals to Drinking Water Fight High Blood Pressure? TUESDAY, May 7, 2019 (American Heart Association News) -- If you have high blood pressure, chances are you've been told to cut back on salt. You might even be taking medication. These are good strategies, as nearly half of all adults in the United States work to keep hypertension at bay. What if there were an easier way to make sure nearly everyone took at least one small step toward reducing their blood pressure -- every time they drank a glass of water? A new study, published Tuesday in the Journal of the American Heart Association, suggests adding calcium and magnesium to drinking water potentially could help lower blood pressure levels across the population. The strategy stems from research that looked at the impact of drinking water sources on the health of people in an area of coastal Bangladesh affected by seawater intrusion. The residents relied upon pond water or groundwater as their main water source. The study compared blood pressure levels among people who drank salinated water with those who drank freshwater. Even though sodium is known to increase blood pressure levels, study participants who drank the salinated water had lower blood pressure. That wasn't because of the sodium, the researchers believe, but rather because of two other minerals in the water -- calcium and magnesium. "Calcium and magnesium are protective; they decrease blood pressure," said Abu Mohammed Naser, a postdoctoral fellow at Emory University's Rollins School of Public Health in Atlanta and lead author of the study. "What we suspect is happening is that they outweigh the harmful effects of sodium on blood pressure." That's good news for people in Bangladesh, who lack alternative sources of drinking water, unlike people in more developed countries, where treatment plants desalinate contaminated groundwater. But the findings also could have implications for any population struggling to reduce hypertension, which is the leading preventable cause of premature death worldwide, affecting more than 1.3 billion people globally and 116.4 million Americans. The analysis pooled data from two studies following participants in several communities in coastal Bangladesh, during both dry and monsoon seasons when the amount of salinity in the water fluctuated. It found those who drank mildly salinated water had average systolic blood pressure levels 1.55 mmHg lower than those who drank freshwater. Their average diastolic blood pressure levels were 1.26 mmHg lower. Systolic is the top number in the blood pressure measurement and diastolic is the bottom number. By testing urine samples, researchers determined those with lower blood pressure also had higher levels of calcium and magnesium in their system, which they attributed to drinking the salinated water. The reduction in blood pressure was small but significant, and worthy of further exploration, said Dr. Robert M. Carey, a professor of medicine at the University of Virginia who wasn't involved in the new study. He helped write the most recent blood pressure guidelines for the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology. "I think it's pretty clear from many different studies that a small reduction in blood pressure, done consistently, can have a major impact in reducing cardiovascular disease and stroke," he said. Carey cautioned the Bangladesh results would need to be replicated in a clinical setting to confirm that drinking water fortified with calcium and magnesium was instrumental in lowering blood pressure. If those results are confirmed, "you would be able to impact blood pressure levels in the average population," he said. "That's different from the approach we have taken historically, where we wait until someone becomes hypertensive and then we introduce lifestyle modifications, and then add drug therapy to help individuals lower their blood pressure. I think we need to do both." Numerous studies have shown both calcium and magnesium are important for maintaining good blood pressure. The use of vitamin and mineral supplements to prevent chronic diseases is not recommended, according to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. In fact, the AHA recommends people get their vitamins and minerals directly from a nutrition-packed diet. But most Americans fail to get the recommended daily allowance through the foods they eat. Naser said this is partly because people aren't eating enough foods rich in these minerals. But he also attributes it to lower levels of nutrients overall in the soil from over-farming and climate change-influenced rainfall patterns. Adding these minerals to drinking water could be an effective way of counteracting some of that, Naser said. And water also could make a better delivery system for some minerals than food because "chemicals in the food can interfere with absorption. Bioavailability is low. If you can supplement or add calcium and magnesium to water, there is a high chance that they will be absorbed better."

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Indonesia finds second black box from crashed plane Jakarta, Jan 14: Indonesian search teams on Monday found the second black box of the Lion Air aircraft which had crashed into the Java Sea in October 2018, killing all 189 people on-board. Director of Data and Information of the National Transportation Safety Committee (NTSC), Anggo Anurogo, told Efe news that they were preparing a report on the discovery that could clarify the details of the last minutes of the flight. The Boeing 737 Max 8 Lion Air plane had crashed on October 28 into the Java sea at a great speed, minutes after taking off from the Jakarta airport. Search teams had recovered one of the black boxes, which record flight data, three days after the tragedy, which allowed authorities to release a preliminary report on the causes of the fatal crash, including erroneous data from the sensors of the aircraft. Lion Air had hired a private company to resume the search for the CVR over a 10-day period between end December and early January but it failed to yield any result. Source: zeenews.india.com

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CATALOGUES ALL COUNTRIES SEARCH Tourist companies Regions & cities of Russia Countries in the world Tourism catalogues TRAININGS ABROAD *}} {{* > All countries > Regions & cities of Russia > Central Federal Region > KURSK REGION Print version Central Federal District Kursk region Time: Moscow Time Zone (MSK/MSD). Local time now: Federal district: Central Federal District. Capital: Kursk. Main cities: Kurchatov, Lgov, Shchigry, Zheleznogorsk. Land and Resources: The oblast occupies the southern slopes of the middle-Russian plateau. The surface is hilly, and intersected by ravines. The central part of Kursk oblast is more elevated than the Seym Valley to the west. The low relief, gentler slopes, and mild winter make the area suitable for farming, and much of the forest has been cleared. The region borders on Bryansk Region in the north, Orlov and Lipetsk regions in the east, Voronezh and Belgorod regions in the south, and Ukraine in the west. It has an area of 29 800 km2 and is about equal in size to countries like Switzerland, Belgium, Moldova, or Albania. Kursk Oblast contributes to two major drainage areas—the Dnieper River and the Don River. There are 902 rivers and streams in the oblast. Major rivers are Seym, Psyol, and Kshen. The inland waters of Kursk oblast consist of 145 artificial lakes and about 550 small ponds. Climate: Kursk Oblast`s location at the center of the European part of Russia gives the region a medium continental climate: warm summers and relatively mild winters. In July, the average daytime high temperature is 19.3 °C (66.7 °F). In January the average high is −8.6 °C (16.5 °F). The maximum of the rain falls during June and July. Transportation: Kursk is the transportation center. There are air, railway and highway (Moscow-Simferopol) connections with other regions. There is an airport “Vostochny” in Kursk. Kursk has a rich historical past, and the 1000 years of its existence are reflected in a large number of historical and architectural monuments, most of them built between the 17th and 19th centuries. Architectural monuments such as Sergievo-Kazansky and Znamensky cathedrals, the Romodanov and Baryatinsky palaces, the historical buildings of the Korennaya Hermitage, the former building of the Assembly of the Nobility (now the Officers` House), and many more, attract tourists to the city. The oldest building in Kursk is the upper church of the Trinity Monastery, a good example of the transition style characteristic for Peter the Great`s early reign. The oldest lay building is the so-called Romodanovsky Chamber, although it was erected in all probability in the mid-18th century, when the Romodanovsky family had ceased to exist. The city cathedral was built between 1752 and 1778 in the splendid Baroque style and was decorated so sumptuously that many art historians attributed it to Bartolomeo Rastrelli. Although Rastrelli`s authorship is out of the question, the cathedral is indeed the most impressive monument of Elizabethan Baroque not to be commissioned by the imperial family or built in the imperial capital. The cathedral has two storeys, with the lower church consecrated to St. Sergius of Radonezh and the upper one — to the Theotokos of Kazan. The upper church is noted for an intricate icon screen which took 16 years to complete. The three-storey cathedral belltower derives peculiar interest from the fact that Seraphim of Sarov, whose father took part in construction works, survived an accidental fall from its top floor at the age of 7. The Resurrection Church is also shown where St. Seraphim was baptized. The monastery cathedral of the Sign (1816-26) is another imposing edifice, rigorously formulated in the purest Neoclassical style, with a cupola measuring 20 metres in diameter and rising 48 metres high. The interior was formerly as rich as coloured marbles, gilding, and frescoes could make it. During the Soviet period, the cathedral was desecrated, four lateral domes and twin belltowers over the entrance pulled down. There are plans to restore the church to its former glory. There are also modern shrines and memorials commemorating the Battle of Kursk, both in the city and in Prokhorovka. The Command Station Bunker & Museum was built specifically in memorial of the courageous Russian T-34 tank units that fought in the Battle of Kursk, where a T-34 tank is on display. Over 6,000 armored vehicles fought in close range over the open territory near Kursk in 1943. This battle stopped the German advance into the Kursk Salient, and was a turning point in WWII on the Eastern Front. Nearby is Tsentralno-Chernozemny Zapovednik, a large section of steppe soil that has never been plowed. It is used for a variety of research purposes. Easter Procession in the Region of Kursk, painting by Ilya Repin (1880-83). Sergievsko-Kazansky Cathedral in Kursk, 1752-78. Cathedral of the Sign Central Bank of Russia building Kursk Oblast`s natural attraction is the State Central-Chernozem national park, which offers great opportunity for hiking. Oblast`s forests and others undeveloped areas are ideal for hunting, fishing, and camping. Traditional art and architecture are preserved in the town-museum of Rylsk and others historical towns of Kursk Oblast. The Regional Museum of Archeology and the Museum of Local History have many unique exhibits of items of everyday life and a variety of figurines found during archeological digs. The Museum of Local History also acquaints visitors with the history of Kursk land in the historical sections "Pre-Soviet", "Soviet", and "The Modern Period". Regional museums display alternating thematic exhibits. The city`s Museum of the History of the Locomotive Depot is interesting as a reminder of the battle of Kursk. Museums and institutions devoted to other historical and cultural fields are also of great interest, for example, the Zoological Museum of Kursk Pedagogical University, the Motor Transport Museum, the A.A. Deineka Regional Art Gallery, an exhibit of exotic aquarium fish and plants, and the Museum of the History of Electric Transport in Kursk. Kursk is also famous for its theaters: the Pushkin Drama Theater, the Rovesnik Young People`s Theater and the Kursk State Puppet Theater. Znamensky cathedral Monument to heroes of civil war building of the Central Bank of Russia (along the street Lenin) Encarta World Atlas http://www.commersant.com/t-82/r_5/n_426/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ http://russia.rin.ru/index_e.html http://www.mccme.ru/putevod/main_en.html http://www.rusadventures.ru/eng/default_e.aspx http://russia-travel.ws:8080/regions/ http://www.suvenirograd.ru/?lang=2 http://region.kursk.ru/ - Administration of Kursk Region http://www.wild-russia.org/bioregion3/tsent-chern/3_tsen-chern.htm Saint Petersburg was named the tourist capital of Europe The Ministry of foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation introduced a mobile application to assist travelers in crisis situations abroad Weekends and holidays 2016 Финны массово едут в Россию 40 гениальных советов для путешествия Туроператор "ИнтАэр" прекратил работу Отельеры подвели итоги Универсиады в Казани Выставка «Енисей-2014» приглашает участников С покупкой дешевого авиабилета не стоит торопиться Запуски ракет с Байконура в Казахстане хотят показывать туристам Interactive map of the world, all countries! On-line reservations for hotels around the world and on-line booking of air and railway tickets. A directory of travel agencies in the world. Tourism news and news agencies. Archives of news. The most complete list of phrasebooks for travel. All about Russia for tourists

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ON THE VERGE OF CHAOS / JOHN MAULDIN´S WEEKLY NEWSLETTER | Etiquetas: Central Banking, Currencies, Economics, Europe Economic and Political, Germany, Japan, Russia, The Dollar, The Euro, The Fed, The Yen, World Economic And Political On the Verge of Chaos “Great powers and empires are, I would suggest, complex systems, made up of a very large number of interacting components that are asymmetrically organized, which means their construction more resembles a termite hill than an Egyptian pyramid. They operate somewhere between order and disorder – on “the edge of chaos,” in the phrase of the computer scientist Christopher Langton. Such systems can appear to operate quite stably for some time; they seem to be in equilibrium but are, in fact, constantly adapting. But there comes a moment when complex systems “go critical.” A very small trigger can set off a “phase transition” from a benign equilibrium to a crisis – a single grain of sand causes a whole pile to collapse, or a butterfly flaps its wings in the Amazon and brings about a hurricane in southeastern England. “Not long after such crises happen, historians arrive on the scene. They are the scholars who specialize in the study of “fat tail” events – the low-frequency, high-impact moments that inhabit the tails of probability distributions, such as wars, revolutions, financial crashes, and imperial collapses. But historians often misunderstand complexity in decoding these events. They are trained to explain calamity in terms of long-term causes, often dating back decades. This is what Nassim Taleb rightly condemned in The Black Swan as “the narrative fallacy”: the construction of psychologically satisfying stories on the principle of post hoc, ergo propter hoc. – Niall Ferguson, “Complexity and Collapse” I see a bad moon arisin’, I see trouble on the way. I see earthquakes and lightnin’, I see bad times today. I hear hurricanes ablowin’, I know the end is comin’ soon. I fear rivers overflowin’, I hear the voice of rage and ruin. Don’t go ’round tonight, well, it’s bound to take your life. There’s a bad moon on the rise. – “Bad Moon Rising,” John Fogerty, Creedence Clearwater Revival, 1969 As a college student, I reveled in the sounds of the Creedence Clearwater Revival and its lead singer and songwriter, John Fogerty. Fogerty supposedly wrote “Bad Moon Rising” after watching the 1941 movie classic The Devil and Daniel Webster. The movie is a paean to freedom, the American dream, and the ability of a man, even one who has sold his soul, to find redemption. There is a scene involving a hurricane that supposedly inspired the song. Fogerty claims that the song was about “the apocalypse that was going to be visited upon us.” Barry McGuire had sung “Eve of Destruction” only a few years earlier. A generation that had grown up with the Cold War, the growing conflict in Vietnam, the Free Speech Movement, and a nuclear arms race was increasingly distrustful of adults and government. “Don’t trust anyone over 30” was the maxim first uttered by Jack Weinberg, a leader of the Free Speech Movement in Berk eley. In a small bit of irony, the founders of that movement recently gathered to celebrate its 50th anniversary. As a side note, I find that Boomers are far more susceptible to talking apocalypse than our kids are. Well, it’s a beautiful night here in Dallas, and there is no bad moon rising; but over in the Land of the Rising Sun, I do see a bad yen falling. As we will see in a minute, the recent yen price chart looks like a frozen rope (in the words of Jared Dillian). Understand, my bet (to use the word forecast would imply a level of precision in modeling that I have not attained) is that the yen goes to 200 against the dollar, so breaching 120 is not exactly a shocker to me. What is a little unnerving is the rapidity of the recent move. In this week’s letter we’re going to explore some of the ramifications of the currency war that Japan is precipitating. It is more than just Germany, Korea, and China having issues and needing to contemplate their own competitive devaluations. If the yen goes too far too fast, there will be geopolitical repercussions far beyond the obvious first-order connections. As Fogerty ended his song: Hope you’re quite prepared to die. Looks like we’re in for nasty weather. I’ll try to see if I can help you “get your things together” … and help you prepare your hedges. We may indeed be in for nasty weather. Bad Yen Falling As I write on a Saturday morning, the yen is 117.8 to the dollar, having fallen modestly from the mid-118’s yesterday. Shinzō Abe was nominated to be Japanese prime minister for the second time on September 26, 2012, and it was clear that he would win. He implemented a program that has since come to be called Abenomics. Japan was suffering from a 35% loss of competitiveness vis-à-vis their most important trading competitor, Germany, because of a rather steep rise in the yen (for reasons we will examine later). For the first time in generations, Japan’s trade deficit had gone negative. The interest-rate market was beginning to bounce around, which was a death knell for Japan. Abe made no bones about it: he would replace the controlling members of the Bank of Japan with members who agreed with him that massive quantitative easing should be undertaken. In the graph below, notice that as it became clear that Abe would win, on cue the yen began a nosedive from 75 to the dollar to slightly over 100 to the dollar and then went sideways for about a year and a half. The Halloween 2014 announcement by the Bank of Japan to double down on its quantitative easing started the recent frozen-rope-like plunge, taking the yen almost straight down to 118 and on its way to 120 in very short order. Goldman Sachs has forecast that the yen will be at 130 by the end of 2015, 135 by the end of 2016, and at 140 by the end of 2017. That rhymes with the prediction of my friend Kiron Sarkar, whose target is 125 in the first half of 2015. Make no mistake: the Japanese are not at all concerned that the yen is going to 130 or 140 or 150. While we tend to see the recent move as precipitous, it may be helpful to walk in the other man’s shoes, so to speak, and see the currency move from the long-term Japanese perspective. A little over 40 years ago the yen was at 350 to the dollar. Less than two decades ago it was at 150. Then it strengthened all the way to the mid-70s. Even if the yen were to eventually fall to 200, as I predict it will, that’s not even a 50% reversal. Japanese industry has had to suffer the yen’s rising almost fourfold over the last 40 years. If the dollar were to rise as much, there would be much weeping and wailing and gnashing of teeth, and the usual suspects in the Senate would be up in arms about currency manipulation. Japanese businesses just cut costs and improved quality and competed heads up. Oh yes, it’s been nasty for the last two decades as their nominal GDP has been flat, but their corporations are still some of the most competitive in the world. You put a currency devaluation wind at Japanese corporations’ backs and watch how competitive they become. Cue serious worry from businesses located in Germany, Korea, and China. For new readers, let me briefly describe what is happening in Japan. Japan’s debt-to-GDP ratio is roughly 250%. If interest rates were to rise by 2%, it would take 80% or more of their tax revenues just to pay the interest. That is not a working business model. Therefore they can’t allow interest rates to rise. The only way they can accomplish that is for the Bank of Japan to become the market for Japanese government bonds (JGBs). And that in fact is what has happened. When the Bank of Japan momentarily withdraws from the ten-year JGB market, nothing trades. The Bank of Japan is the market today. The strategy for dealing with the Japanese debt is threefold: They have to create a positive nominal GDP, which means they need at least 2% inflation and 2% real growth. They have had neither for over 20 years, so this is not going to be easy. They have tried “modest” amounts of quantitative easing in the past. The only way they can create inflation is to undertake massive quantitative easing through monetary printing. However, if you do that, you are in effect going to lose control of the value of your currency. It’s one of the basic laws of economics: you can control either price or quantity but not both. They need to move an enormous amount (70%?) of that debt onto the balance sheet of the Bank of Japan, thereby effectively erasing it. To point out that a move like that has never been successfully executed in the history of the world, or at least not without significant economic upheaval, is not stretching the point. The Japanese are embarking upon one of the greatest economic experiments in human history. They are doing experimental surgery on their economic body without benefit of anesthesia. See the note below on the willingness of the Japanese population to endure pain. They need to slowly balance their budget so that at some point far off in the future they will be able to actually allow interest rates to float at a level where they will be able to manage the debt, which means they have to run a primary surplus (at a minimum) in their budget. Given that they are running 7% deficits (and have been for some time), that point in time is well into the future. Abe himself does not project a balanced budget until 2020. And given the nature of the experiment they are conducting, you can have absolutely zero confidence in any budget projections that far out. Maybe it happens, maybe it doesn’t. If you live in Japan, you really should be taking precautions. If you don’t live in Japan, you should be anticipating what this is going to do to you. This is not Zimbabwe or Argentina printing money; Japan is important to the global economy. What they do affects everything. With the recent increase in quantitative easing, the Bank of Japan is now monetizing more than double the amount of the deficit that the government is producing. That means they are slowly moving the debt onto the books of the Bank of Japan, perhaps in the range of 7 to 8% per year. If they can actually begin to reduce their fiscal deficit, then, at the level of quantitative easing they are currently doing, the amount of actual debt monetization will begin to rise slowly, to perhaps as much as 10%, rising to 15% a year over the very long haul. This would get them to the point where they could withdraw from their QE program and allow the market to set interest rates. This is something you must understand: this process is going to take many, many, many years. They are not going to stop quantitative easing next year or the year after or the year after that. If they don’t get the inflation they need, we will get another “shock and awe” announcement from Haruhiko (“just call him Colin” [Powell]) Kuroda, which will have every bit as much impact as the original shock and awe campaign did in Iraq in 2003. And while it won’t be as physically destructive, let us be clear: this is central banks at war. And there will be collateral damage. And most central banks, especially those of the emerging markets, only have a knife to bring to a gunfight. Why would the Japanese people tolerate the value of their currency dropping by more than half, increasing the cost of energy and other imports? The answer to that is a point that my friend Louis Gave makes time and time again, as he did in a missive this week: With Japan in the middle of a triple-dip recession, and Japanese households suffering a significant contraction in real disposable income, it might seem at first that Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has chosen an odd time to call a snap election. But that conclusion would ignore the two iron-clad rules of investing in Japan that we never tire of repeating: Rule #1: Never underestimate the amount of pain that the Japanese will willingly bear, as long as the pain is taken together, and is seen to be borne for the good of the community. Rule #2: Never underestimate the willingness of Japanese policymakers to test Rule #1. The Obvious Impacts I’ve been on the phone a lot this week talking with economists and analysts trying to figure out some of the immediate impact of Japan’s moves. Jack Rivkin (at Altegris and one of the smartest observers of the economic scene I know) pointed me to a blog post from his old friend Bob Barbera (another brilliant economist and an alumnus of Lehman Research). Jack thought so much of Barbera that while he was running Lehman he fired a very famous economist (whose name will go unmentioned) in order to hire Barbera. Barbera argues rather forcefully that the outperformance by Germany vis-à-vis the rest of Europe is an illusion based upon fortuitous economic circumstances that are getting ready to change. He argues that there is no German exceptionalism. The article provides such important insights that I’m going to quote liberally: The German economy, in stark contrast to most of the rest of Europe thrived, 2010-2012. German successes emboldened their policymakers. Merkel, her finance minister and a succession of Bundesbank members all sternly lectured their European partners. Embrace Germany’s magical approach, or continue to suffer, has been the message. The good news for the rest-of-Europe is that Germany’s mansion on the hill has always been a sand castle. Two tsunami waves are about to hit. And Germany’s economic exceptionalism will be swept away in 2015. Everyone agrees that Germany’s strength is tied to its export machine. To understand how Germany did so well 2010-2012 one needs to appreciate that two powerful developments in Asia gave Germany a giant gift over the years immediately after the Great Recession – and that gift is now being taken back. The first and most obvious? China embarked on a frenzied infrastructure and real estate build out, in an effort to insulate itself from the contractionary forces that the Great Recession foist[ed] upon the world. This created a booming market for German capital goods exports. The second, and often overlooked, is the insane appreciation of the Japanese yen. The global financial market collapse engendered a powerful unwind of the so-called carry trade. As yen denominated debts were paid off, the yen rose by an astounding 35% versus the U.S. dollar and the euro! In combination these two developments created a bonanza for German exporters. A market for their capital goods was booming. And their biggest competitor in that market, Japan, was suffering from a near 35% loss of competitiveness, due exclusively to the swing in their bilateral exchange rate. And as a bonus? Germany’s motor vehicle exports to the U.S. compete mightily with Japan’s car offerings. In the U.S. as well, Germany saw their competitive position leap, as the yen soared versus the euro. In combination, these developments allowed for a storyline of wunderkind German exporting companies, thriving due to home grown virtues. But the world has radically changed over the past year. More to the point, both of the powerful currents supporting German growth have changed direction and the Tsunami is about to hit. How so? China’s construction boom was meant to be a bridge. A three year commitment, to allow healthy developed world growth to resume, and thereby engender a resumption of growth for China’s export machine. China thought they were building a bridge. As it turns out, they have been building a pier. Investment excesses in China now require a sharp curtailment of growth. German exports to China are bound to fall. In addition, Japan, after suffering brutal economic performance at the hands of a soaring yen, is on a mission to sharply devalue its currency. The yen/euro cross peaked at 1.05, in late 2012. At that level the yen had appreciated by 35% versus the euro. Late 2012 through mid-2013 the yen plunged amid the first round of aggressive bank of Japan QE, erasing the lion´s share of the climb. And over the past few weeks, with the BOJ surprise announcement of a second larger commitment to QE, the yen has resumed its swoon versus the U.S. dollar. And it is threatening to move lower still versus the euro. Thus Germany now faces a world in which its locomotive, China boom, has been derailed. And its competitive edge has been blunted by a plunge for the yen. It could well be that Germany, in the quarters immediately ahead, will underperform the rest-of-Europe. Spanish and Italian exports to China are quite small. And Italy and Spain do not see Japan as a major competitor for markets. The End of German Sanctimony? What might this portend for European policy? Angela Merkel has stood her ground on the value of fiscal austerity. Bundesbank and finance minister proclamations call into the question the legality of a more substantial version of European QE. Belt tightening exhortations warmed the heart of folks in the hinterland – amid good German growth and with the jobless rate at an astoundingly low 5%. How firm will German officialdom sound, if German economic circumstances go south? Perhaps Germany will finally sound more like its southern neighbors, when its economy begins to look similarly distressed. This week we saw Mario Draghi finally lose the inexplicable timidity he has shown in not instituting a European version of quantitative easing. (For whatever reason my speech recognition software always wants to interpret Draghi as “Druggie” – maybe because he’s getting ready to push €1 trillion into the European blood system?) I maintained in Code Red that as the yen fell Germany would eventually have to allow the European Central Bank to monetize, or they would see their export economy fall apart. Goldman Sachs now forecasts that the euro will be at $1.15 to the dollar by the end of 2015 and then weaken to parity by the end of 2017. It is at $1.24 today. Back in 2002, when the euro was at $.88, I was forecasting that the euro would rise to $1.50 and then fall all the way back to parity over a decade or more. And while my forecast is not quite as precise as Goldman Sachs’, we are on the same page. Every Central Bank for Itself The Chinese central bank cut its interest rates this week in what will be a process of continual cutting, as they have to respond to the fall of the yen. My friend Joan McCullough speculates they would be better off going the route of Mexico in 1994 and simply devaluing their currency, catching everybody off guard and making it too late to exit. Whatever the process, this is going to create massive problems in China, which we have touched on in past letters and which my associate Worth Wray will deal with in depth next week. The Bank of Korea recently cut its benchmark interest rate and lowered its economic forecast. Central banks all over Asia as well as the rest of the world have got to be having long meetings trying to decide their policy options. While the situation varies from country to country, most have no good choices, and that’s before the unintended consequences kick in. I would really like to be a fly on the wall at the monthly meeting and dinners of the major central bankers in Basel at the Bank for International Settlements. Besides good food and wine, I would expect there would be some low-key fireworks served with the main course. What we see starting is a cascade of competitive devaluations by central banks all over the world. This is like some old grade-B Japanese movie where Godzilla wreaks havoc. Eventually we’ll have sequels in which Godzilla is portrayed as the good guy and battles all sorts of other monsters from around the world. Cue the Chinese dragons and European bears. King Kong anyone? Seriously, the Fed Is Doing What? As cynical as I am, and as much as I read, I manage to find new things that both surprise and disturb me on a regular basis. Joan McCullough sent me a link to a very insightful piece that appeared in the Financial Times a few weeks ago, which commented on the speech by Federal Reserve Vice Chairman Stanley Fischer at the recent IMF meeting. Ousmène Mandeng writes in an opinion piece entitled “The Fed has built a thorny central bank divide”: Top Federal Reserve officials were careful to be seen to be understanding of the plight of lesser central banks during the International Monetary Fund’s meetings in Washington last month. However, they may have unintentionally made things worse. By confirming their reluctance to assume greater international commitments, they underlined the divide between central banks that have access to the Fed’s dollar swap facility and those that do not – in other words, between those with and without a Fed backstop. In an environment of record-low government bond yields, an indication of a scarcity of safe and liquid assets, it is likely to make a big difference whether or not a country has access to an unlimited source of dollar liquidity. Fed Vice-Chairman Stanley Fischer focused on the international transmission of monetary policies and the Fed’s responsibility to the global economy. This appears to have been in response to repeated complaints, in particular from emerging markets, that highly accommodative monetary policy has caused a surge of capital inflows to their economies and made them unduly vulnerable to sudden reversals. The Fed acknowledges there may have been adverse spillovers from changes in its policy stance (such as the “taper tantrum”), and that a normalisation of monetary policies may bring further volatility. There is therefore a considerable premium on access to dollar liquidity. Mr. Fischer merely offered that the Fed will “promote a smooth transition by communicating our assessment of the economy and our policy intentions as clearly as possible”. At the same time he stressed that the Fed is not a “global central bank.” The Fed is effectively a global central bank, but only for some. Recognising the importance of adequate dollar funding beyond its borders, the Fed extended temporary dollar liquidity facilities to 14 central banks during 2008, including to the central banks of Brazil, South Korea, Mexico and Singapore. Those expired in February 2010. In May 2010, amid renewed short-term dollar funding strains, the Fed reauthorised dollar liquidity swap lines with the central banks of Canada, the euro area, Japan, Switzerland and the UK; in October 2013, the Fed converted those into standing arrangements. This suddenly established a segmented dollar liquidity sphere. Fischer’s remarks echo a similar speech from a few years back by Ben Bernanke, which a number of the world’s emerging-market central banks interpreted as saying, “Kiss off. We have our own problems to worry about.” (My co-author Jonathan Tepper and I laid out the very scenario that is playing out today in Code Red. In it we predicted that the developing currency war would start with Japan. We had laid out the rationale for that theme four years ago in our book Endgame, but then we were focused on Europe. Both books will help you understand the current environment. Seriously, I make very little when you buy a book on Amazon, but a lot of people think Code Red is a perfect primer for understanding our times. If nothing else, go buy a cup of coffee at Barnes & Noble and read the two chapters on Japan.) The upshot of Fed policy is that we are likely to see a continued move into the dollar as a safe-haven currency, causing the dollar to strengthen against other emerging-market currencies and creating problems for dollar-denominated debt around the world. Shades of 1998. The demand for dollars at a time when the Federal Reserve is putting fewer dollars into the system (appropriately so) is only going to increase volatility in the currency markets. But a global currency war is just the most obvious impact of what the major central banks of the world are doing. Complexity and Collapse Okay class, for those who want a little extra credit, I’m going to give you some extra reading and viewing. Lacy Hunt encouraged me to listen again to our friend Niall Ferguson’s speech entitled “Empires on the Edge of Chaos” (Note: the introduction is 10 minutes long and can be skipped. You know who Niall is. And there is considerable Q&A at the end, so the speech itself is roughly 40 to 45 minutes. But the Q&A has lots of laughs, which makes it worth it.) Or you can read this article by Niall in Foreign Affairs, which has much of the same content. I want to repeat the two quoted paragraphs that opened this letter, along with one more from the Foreign Affairs article. Defeat in the mountains of the Hindu Kush or on the plains of Mesopotamia has long been a harbinger of imperial fall. It is no coincidence that the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan in the annus mirabilis of 1989. What happened 20 years ago, like the events of the distant fifth century, is a reminder that empires do not in fact appear, rise, reign, decline, and fall according to some recurrent and predictable life cycle. It is historians who retrospectively portray the process of imperial dissolution as slow-acting, with multiple overdetermining causes. Rather, empires behave like all complex adaptive systems. They function in apparent equilibrium for some unknowable period. And then, quite abruptly, they collapse. The single most commented-upon letter that I have written was called “Fingers of Instability.” Longtime readers know it well, and I would suggest new readers take the time. It contains extremely important concepts for understanding why financial markets can advance smoothly for so long, and then all of a sudden there is chaos. The fingers of instability distributed throughout the sand pile of the global economic system end up getting triggered by some event that may in itself be quite minor. Yes, there are many factors contributing to an unstable global sand economic pile (think massive global debt, wanton overleverage, mischievous central banks with immoderate views of their importance, etc., etc.), but it only takes that fateful final grain of sand, dropped on just the right spot in the pile, to bring the whole thing cascading down. What Niall is talking about is something that goes far deeper than another financial crisis like the one we recently experienced. What he is pointing out is that countries in financial distress are more constrained than normal in their actions. They have less ability to respond to crises. And some countries in crisis react in very unpredictable ways. Let’s talk about a second-order problem stemming from the fact that Japan is doing what it feels is necessary to keep from suffering a deflationary collapse. Understand, I’m not being critical of the Japanese for taking the actions they have, because I simply don’t know what other choice they have. That’s what makes their situation so difficult. Japan’s major economic competitors – Germany, Korea, and China – will all have to respond, or their businesses will lose competitive advantage. Okay, we have seen large-scale currency movements all our lives. We adjust. That’s what businesses do. Except, China and Russia have just signed an agreement for Russia to export rather massive amounts of energy to China, and they will take payment in yuan rather than dollars. A yuan that is going to be falling in value against the dollar as China responds to Japan. In an ideal world for Russia, the Russian central bank would simply take the Chinese currency and add it to their reserves. But that would trigger a rather large “oops” that was not in the equation when they signed that deal. The yuan they are going to get is going to be losing value on the international market, and Russia is going to need hard currency (i.e. dollars) to pay down its large dollar-denominated debt and buy equipment to maintain and increase its ability to produce energy. And that equipment is generally sold in dollars and not in renminbi. Couple that situation with the real potential for oil to go below $70 and Russia would have significant budgetary problems. And as David Hale pointed out recently in a private letter, if the US and Iran actually settle their differences over nuclear armaments later this month and sanctions are lifted, that could bring another 1–1.5 million barrels of oil a day onto the world energy markets. (He suggests it would have the same effect as a $400 billion global tax cut.) Mexico is committed to increasing its output, as are other countries, including the US. Sub-$70 oil is not out of the question, and in a global recession we could touch $50 easily. And while that would be good for consumers everywhere, it would certainly put a strain on Russia and other oil-producing countries. In fact, the scenario portends a major crisis for Russia. And while we’re not as worried about Venezuela or other smaller oil producers, Russia is a potential problem, simply because it is so unpredictable. As noted above, the Japanese population is willing to take a great deal of pain. I don’t think we can say the same thing about the Russians at this point. There are some geopolitical thinkers I respect who argue that all this could trigger a regime change in Russia. And others who argue that it will make Vladimir Putin even stronger and that he will want to double down on his policy of destabilizing Ukraine sooner rather than later. Putin does not strike me as being willing to step aside in the manner of a Boris Yeltsin. I doubt he will go gently into that good night. He is a wildcard on the geopolitical stage. Russia has been willing to let the ruble fall rather precipitously rather than supporting it with their dollar reserves, which they are saving for other purposes. Even though the Russian economic situation is deteriorating due to sanctions, the Russian people have so far seemed to tolerate the downturn. As noted in last week’s Outside the Box, the West in general and the US in particular are blamed for Russia’s woes multiple times daily in the Russian media. Given the unpredictability of the current Russian leadership, there is simply no way to guess the outcome. That should make you nervous. The Fragile Eight The 2008 crisis demonstrated that the global economic system is far more connected than most imagined. There has been no real deleveraging since that time as nations everywhere have doubled down on deficits and debt. European banks are just as leveraged to sovereign debt as they were before the crisis hit. The recent Geneva Report on global deleveraging highlighted what the authors termed the “fragile eight” countries of Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Turkey, India, Indonesia, Russia, and South Africa as an “important source of concern in terms of future debt trajectories.” China and the “fragile eight” could find themselves in the unwanted role of hosts to the next phase of the global leverage crisis, it warned. The accumulation of household, corporate, and government debt in both the emerging and developed worlds has been made all the more troubling by stubbornly low and slowing growth rates. The global capacity to take on more debt is rapidly diminishing because of the combination of low growth and low inflation, if not outright deflation, that we are beginning to see in major countries. There seems to be a stubborn unwillingness on the part of authorities to recognize the problems that come along with swelling sovereign debt. We are coming ever closer to the point at which countries are going to have difficulty raising debt at interest rates that makes sense, absent the ability to create a shock and awe campaign like Japan’s. And few countries (actually, none come to mind) have the ability to monetize their debt to the tune of 200% of GDP, as Japan is setting out to do, without causing a dramatic currency collapse. I have this argument all the time with fellow analysts. I get that “austerity” in a deflationary or even disinflationary environment is not exactly pro-growth. And if a country’s debt is low and there is growth, then you can get away with increasing debt. But there is a limit to the amount of debt that a country can take on, and we are approaching it in country after country. This trend is not good for global economic growth or stability. The second-order unintended consequences, such as those Niall describes, are very difficult to contemplate. The world is not going to come to an end. I will be writing this letter and hopefully you will be reading it in 10 years. But economies and markets are going to get more fragile and volatile in the meantime. This is not the time to be a full-throated bull in the equity markets. And given the potential dollar bull market, there is going to be pressure on most commodities. Corporate debt, especially high-yield debt, is priced for perfection. When I look out over the horizon, I simply don’t see perfection. At a minimum, you should not be long high-yield debt. And if you’re running a business, you should get all the debt you can, even if you bank the cash, at today’s low rates for as long a term as you can get it. Take advantage of this unbelievably forgiving debt environment. Let’s close by singing along with the last few lines of Fogerty’s song again: Hope you got your things together, Looks like we’re in for nasty weather, Well, don’t go ’round tonight, It’s bound to take your life. It may be slightly more hopeful to say, “Hope you got your hedges together, hope you’re quite prepared for a bear market.” Until next week… It’s time to hit the send button. Have a great week. And even if you aren’t in the states, get with some family and friends, enjoy a special meal, and count your blessings. Your going to ignore his diet on Thursday analyst, WHY JAPAN´S MONEY PRINTING MADNESS MATTERS / CONTRA CORNER | Etiquetas: Economics, Japan, Monetary Policy, QE Why Japan’s Money Printing Madness Matters by David Stockman This is getting hard to believe. The announcement that Japan has plunged into a triple dip recession should have been lights out for Abenomics. But, no, its madman prime minister has now called a snap election to enlist more public support for his campaign to destroy what remains of Japan’s economy. And what’s worse, he’s not likely to be stopped by the electorate or even the leadership of Japan Inc, which presumably should know better. Here’s what Japan leading brokerage had to say about the “unexpected” 1.6% drop in Q3 GDP—- compared to the consensus expectation of a 2.2% gain and after the upward revised shrinkage of 7.3% in Q2. We think that the economy is gradually improving,” said Tomo Kinoshita, an economist at Nomura Securities. “There’s no reason to be pessimistic about the economy going forward.” Really? How in the world can an economist perched at the epicenter of Japan Inc. think that its economy is improving when Japan’s constant dollar GDP has now fallen back to pre-Abenomics levels; and, in fact, is no higher than it was in late 2007 prior to the “financial crisis”? Indeed, aside from the Q1 pull-forward of spending to beat the consumption tax increase, Japan’s economy has remained stranded on the flat-line it attained after world trade recovered from its 2008-2009 plunge. But that’s only the most recent iteration of the stagnation story. Japan has actually been treading water for a long-time—going all the way back to July 1989 when the monumental bubble created by the BOJ during the 1980s was cresting. Japan’s index of total industrial production during July of that peak bubble year printed at 96.8. So here’s the real shocker: It was still printing at 96.8 in July 2014. That’s right—- after 25 years of the greatest government debt and money printing spree in recorded history, Japan’s industrial production has gone exactly nowhere. Given that baleful history and the self-evident failure of the Keynesian elixir to cure Japan’s economic stagnation problem, it might be asked why the entire country seemingly moves in lock-step toward bankruptcy behind the sheer foolishness of Abenomics. That’s especially the case because even the short-run impacts have been self-evidently damaging to the real economy and have been utterly inconsistent with promised results. To wit, Abenomics was supposed to send exports soaring and the trade accounts back into the black, thereby adding to GDP and household incomes. But what it has actually done has been to slash the global purchasing power of the yen by 35% since early 2013, causing Japan’s bill for imported energy, industrial materials and manufactured components and consumer goods to soar. Accordingly, Japan’s trade accounts have remained mired in red ink, thereby defeating the fundamental “beggar-thy-neighbor” predicate of Abenomics. As shown in the second panel below, it’s trade account for the first 9 months of 2014 spewed 11 trillion yen of red ink or double its level in the year before Abenomics (2012). Annualized in dollar terms, the once and mighty export powerhouse of Japan has experienced a $200 billion swoon in its trade balance since 2010. Moreover, Japan’s soaring import prices and cost of living, coupled with the utterly necessary increase in its consumption tax last April, have cause real household incomes to shrink by 6%. Thus, if Japan’s aging retirement colony could consume its way out of stagnation, which it can’t, Abenomics has clearly made matters worse on even that front line of the Keynesian cure. Notwithstanding this self-evident, negative short-run impact, however, Japan soldiers on toward disaster with Abenomics for one overpowering reason. It is effectively bankrupt and has therefore embraced an entirely fictional narrative about its plight in order to avoid confronting the awful truth about its fiscal and economic circumstances. This convenient fiction is the “deflation” myth, and the argument is that Japan’s only hope for eventually corralling its huge public debt is to first decisively break-away from that albatross. Only with positive inflation and a resurrection of its historic rate of GDP gains, it is claimed, can Japan hope to grow out from under its crushing public debt ratio of nearly 230%. Indeed, mimicking some latter day version of the Reagan supply-siders’ voodoo economics, Abe’s top economic advisors argue that only by adding more debt in the short-run can the long-run debt problem be contained. “This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to get ourselves out of deflation,” Etsuro Honda, an economic adviser to the prime minister, told reporters Tuesday. “From this perspective, it is dangerous to raise the consumption tax.” Here’s the problem. Japan has spent the last 35 years burying itself in debt, off-shoring its industrial economy and getting old. There is no conceivable real growth rate, therefore, that can overcome the runaway fiscal debt burden that it has accumulated since 1980. As shown below, its public leverage ratio has risen by 5X relative to its national income during that period. In this context, the BOJ’s 2% inflation target come hell or high water is a little more understandable, even if profoundly incendiary. At 2% inflation forever, all of Japan’s $12 trillion mountain of public debt would have to be monetized or the carry cost—which already consumes 25% of its revenues—–would soar. That, in turn, would drive Japan into literal fiscal bankruptcy or transform its vast retirement colony into a poorhouse owing to savage tax increases and benefit cuts. But, of course, there is not a shred of evidence that 2% inflation generates any more real output growth than 0.5%, but that’s not the point. The pro-inflation policy of Japan is about nothing other than depreciating its towering public debt. And Kuroda’s madcap 80 trillion yen per year money printing campaign is just a naked pretext for monetizing the prodigious flow of Japan’s budgetary red ink. Stated differently, the Keynesian priesthood has invented an utterly groundless deflation ogre in order justify rampant monetary expansion in the vain hope that financial bubbles will levitate the real economy. But the latter delusion has been already disproved twice this century, and has now been validated once again by the short-lived fiasco of Abenomics. That is, in just 22 months Japan’s stock market has doubled, but its real GDP is back where it started and real household incomes have been pushed into the drink. There is a reason this repudiation of Keynesian money printing is not just an anomalous problem relating to Japan’s unique history and economic structure. Namely, the phony “deflation” theory underlying the financial madness of Kuroda and Abe is readily portable. It has already been embraced by European policy-makers and will be arriving in the North American precincts soon. So it is worth documenting yet again. In the entire 25 years since Japan’s financial bubble burst there has never been a semblance of meaningful consumer price deflation in Japan. Even the core CPI is well above it 1990 level: And on the theory that over any extended period of time, people do eat and warm themselves in winter, it is necessary to view Japan’s long-term trend for the overall CPI. What is shows is not deflation, but near perfect price stability. That is, after the considerable rise in consumer prices during the 1980s, its price index has remained more or less constant ever since its financial bubble was punctured in the early 1990s. There is not a shred of evidence that this wholesome price stability has caused Japan’s consumers to save too much or defer spending that they could otherwise afford. In fact, Japan’s savings rate has cratered during this period, dropping from more than 20% of household income prior to 1980 to hardly 3% today. That’s the opposite of what the deflation theory implies. What has actually deflated in Japan is its gigantic asset bubble, and that is something that even its prodigious money printing has proved incapable of reversing. In short, they Keynesian apparatchiks have created a straw man that suits the purposes of their political masters on the fiscal front by rationalizing the monetization of endless amounts of public debt; and it empowers the state’s central banking branch to engage in plenary manipulation of the entire financial system on the misbegotten theory that fiat credit and bubble wealth can cause real production, incomes and wealth to rise. Stated differently, Keynesian fiscal policies and central banking regimes have buried the public sectors of most of the world’s major economies in unsustainable debt. Now they propose to double down on more of the same because an entire generation of politicians have been house-trained in permanent fiscal profligacy and endless kicking of the fiscal can down the road. To be sure, in putting off Japan’s day of fiscal reckoning once again, this time until 2017, Prime Minister Abe is proving himself to be a certifiable madman. In short order, however, he will have plenty of company all around the planet. U.S. : STATES´ FINANCES ARE NOW ON SOLID GROUND / BARRON´S COVER States’ Finances Are Now on Solid Ground With a few prominent exceptions, states are healthier than they’ve been in years. Good news for municipal-bond investors. By Andrew Bary U.S. states represent one of the most secure areas of the global bond market, typically benefiting from low debt levels relative to the size of their economies, and the ability to cut spending and raise taxes during tough times. Even when hefty pension obligations and unfunded employee health-care liabilities are taken into account, state credit quality generally is strong. The $518 billion of state general-obligation bonds and other state-supported debt are probably the best slice of the $3.7 trillion municipal-bond market. General-obligation bonds are backed by the issuer’s full faith and credit. Only Illinois and New Jersey have a Moody’s rating below double-A. Photo: Richard Cummins/Getty Images “The most important factor about state credit quality is that states are sovereign entities that have the ability to raise revenues or cut spending as needed,” says Tom Kozlik, a municipal analyst at Janney Capital Markets in Philadelphia. There hasn’t been a state-government default since the Depression. Reflecting all of this, both Moody’s Investors Service and rival Standard & Poor’s give a triple-A rating to 15 states. Only Illinois and New Jersey have a Moody’s rating below double-A. In contrast, just three U.S. companies, ExxonMobil Your Value Your Change Short position (ticker: XOM), Microsoft T in Your Value Your Change Short position (MSFT), and Johnson & Johnsonn Your Value Your Change Short position (JNJ) have triple-A ratings from both rating agencies. Even the U.S. government lost its triple-A rating from S&P in a controversial 2011 action, and mighty Apple AAPL in Your Value Your Change Short position (AAPL), with its $120 billion of net cash and $40 billion of annual income, merits only a double-A1 rating from Moody’s and a AA+ from S&P, a notch below triple-A. “While most state credits are stable and have improved in the past three years, a few have struggled. Illinois, New Jersey, and Connecticut aren’t fully funding their pension obligations, have thin financial reserves, are structurally imbalanced, and are using one-time revenue sources to balance budgets,” says Jim Evans, a portfolio manager at Eaton Vance, an investment manager with a specialty in municipal bonds. Atop the list are North Dakota, Wyoming, and Utah, which boast modest liabilities, ample cash, and strong economies. New Jersey’s fiscal woes, which stem largely from a lackluster economy and persistent underfunding of its pension program, could have political implications if Republican Gov. Chris Christie enters the 2016 presidential race. Click here to enlarge graph Fiscal trends generally have been positive. Nearly every state has enacted some pension reform since 2009 that either reduces benefits or increases employee contributions, and debt issuance has been light in the past two years. And laggards New York and California have shown improving finances and garnered rating upgrades. There are some negatives. State tax revenue fell 1.2% in the second quarter, marking the first quarterly drop since 2009, Rockefeller Institute data show. And many states continue to underfund their pension plans. Most have set aside no reserves to finance postretirement health-care benefits for employees. These expenses are paid annually out of the state budget. In that regard, some investors are worried about the Detroit precedent. Bondholders fared worse than pensioners in the city’s bankruptcy settlement, and that treatment could be repeated if a state gets into financial distress. The situation is the same in troubled Puerto Rico. Island politicians are putting local interests and constituents ahead of bondholders. STATE GENERAL-OBLIGATION, or GO, debt has rallied this year in a strong muni-bond market. Total returns (income plus capital appreciation) so far in 2014 on long-term munis are about 13%. When Barron’s looked at the states a year ago (“Munis on the Mend,” Cover Story, Oct. 14), most state GO debt with maturities of 30 years carried yields in the 4.2% to 4.7% range, with the only outlier being Illinois, whose debt yielded about 5.75%. The 30-year Treasury stood at 3.75%. We argued then that state GOs were a “good play for risk-averse investors.” It’s harder now to get excited about state GOs—and other munis—with many long-term state GOs offering yields in the 3.2% to 3.6% range. Illinois remains an exception, with a 4%-plus yield. California’s 30-year debt is about 3.45%, and Connecticut’s, 3.6%, while top-rated states like Virginia and Minnesota are closer to 3.2%. New Jersey long-term general-obligation debt yields about 3.75%, but it trades lightly because only about $2 billion is outstanding. The more actively traded bonds are the state’s $32 billion of debt supported by legislative appropriation, such as the New Jersey Transportation Trust Fund Authority. These carry a slightly lower rating than Jersey GOs and can yield 4.25% or more. Yields on state general-obligation paper compare favorably with the 30-year Treasury’s 3%, especially on an after-tax basis. Yet, absolute yields aren’t high and provide little cushion above inflation, and investors could suffer sizable losses if rates do rise and they sell their bonds before maturity. The table on this page shows the yield premium, measured in hundreds of a percentage point, of 10-year state general-obligation debt above a triple-A benchmark, now 2.15%. Reflecting strong state credit quality, most 10-year GOs trade close to the triple-A benchmark. It should be said that ratings and spreads for some states are more indicative than real, because they have little or no GO or state-supported debt outstanding. These include Nebraska, Wyoming, and North and South Dakota. Barron’s has looked at state financial health for the past three years using data compiled by Eaton Vance. This year’s tally differs from last year’s because it offers a more comprehensive picture, based on about 10 measures that factor in assets, liabilities, and other gauges of economic health. The 2013 rankings were based only on the states’ debt and pension liabilities relative to their economic output. That approach had merit because it highlighted the growing pension burden in many states—an issue to which many investors have paid little attention. The broader approach taken by Eaton Vance this year offers a holistic look at state finances beyond debt and pension liabilities. The firm has added other post-employment-benefit, or OPEB, liabilities, which is dominated by unfunded health-care obligations to get a more complete snapshot of state liabilities. The total of those three figures, relative to each state’s economic output, is shown in the table on page 24. PENSION AND HEALTH-CARE liabilities matter because they dwarf outstanding state debt and aren’t easily extinguished, thanks to legal protections. Eaton Vance puts unfunded state pension and health-care costs nationwide at $1.6 trillion, or three times the amount of state debt. The firm estimates health-care liabilities because states don’t provide much information on which portion is their responsibility and which portion is the obligation of local governments. Eaton Vance assigns the full health-care burden to the state, meaning the liability could be overstated. Whether overstated or not, unfunded postretirement employee health-care liabilities are a major problem for state and local governments. In the Detroit bankruptcy, one of the city’s largest obligations was unfunded health-care costs. Other factors that figure in Eaton Vance’s proprietary analysis include the funding status of state pension plans and whether states are making the actuarially mandated contribution to their pension fund each year. Some states, such as New York, have made ample annual contributions, while others, including New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Illinois, have not. To balance their budgets, these states have skimped on their pension contributions in recent years, but that simply defers the ultimate payment and has contributed to their weakening credit quality. To evaluate debt-payment ability, Eaton Vance incorporates the asset side of states’ balance sheets by looking at cash and investment levels. It also focuses on several economic indicators, including the jobless rate, the state’s gross-domestic-product growth, wealth, tax burden, and population gains. The firm assigns different weights to each of the measures to come up with an overall state ranking. “To get a true measure of state rating, you have to look at liquidity reserves and the health of the state economy and the state’s ability to raise taxes,” says Bill Delahunty, director of municipal research at Eaton Vance. THE TOP THREE STATES aren’t necessarily tops in the two categories shown in the table. In fact, North Dakota is 14th nationally in the debt, pension, and health-care measure. Delahunty says that North Dakota is a prime example of why it’s important to look beyond the debt, pension, and health-care total. The state has the lowest unemployment rate in the country, 2.7%, thanks to an energy boom, and it has had the highest economic-growth rate of any state over the past three years. North Dakota also has a large cash pile—enough to fully fund its pension plan and still have ample liquidity left over. Wyoming has a healthy economy, minimal debt, the lowest tax burden of any state, and a large cash hoard, sufficient to support its budget for four years. And, Delahunty says, the state could fully fund its pension plan with a modest contribution from its rainy-day fund. Wyoming Gov. Matt Mead emphasizes the importance of pension funding. “If I were a company moving to a state, I would want to know how those pension plans are doing because I wouldn’t want to make a 20-year commitment to a state that’s going to raise taxes because they’re underwater on their pension plans,” he tells Barron’s. With no state income tax, Wyoming is an anti-California—and it plans to stay that way. “I think it’s very tempting sometimes to raise taxes if you want to raise revenue. But when I’ve seen the economic development we’ve had in the past 3½ years, I’m telling you, it’s a huge deal to have the lowest taxes in the country,” Mead adds. Utah has little debt and makes ample annual contributions to its pension plan. The state also has one of the lowest jobless rates in the country and the second-highest median household income, adjusted for the cost of living, behind Virginia. Despite Utah’s sterling credit quality, Gov. Gary Herbert argues that there’s room for improvement, such as cutting the state’s modest debt of $2.6 billion. “It’s just a little bit high. Either way, we’re one of only nine states with a triple-A bond rating [from all three main rating agencies]. So we’re in pretty good shape. I just want to make sure we don’t jeopardize that.” Alaska had the country’s largest pool of cash and investments, totaling $69.6 billion at the end of its fiscal 2013, stemming largely from energy taxes. That money is sufficient to fund the northernmost state’s annual budget for five years, and Alaska is contributing money from that fund to shore up its pension plan. Wyoming Gov. Mead: “A company wouldn’t want to make a 20-year commitment to a state that’s going to raise taxes...” Photo: Ben Neary/AP/Corbis The worst-ranked states, Illinois and New Jersey, do poorly when gauged by most key metrics. Illinois has the worst-funded pension plan among the 50 states—just 30%—based on Moody’s analysis. Its total unfunded pension liability of $168 billion also is the second worst in the country behind California, says Moody’s. And Illinois has one of the highest rates of unemployment, at 8.4%. In addition, Illinois’ finances could get pressured because temporary income-tax surcharges start to expire on Jan. 1, 2015. “Illinois is underfunding its pension plan, and it’s getting more and more difficult to climb out of that hole,” Delahunty observes. PERSISTENT PENSION underfunding in the administration of Gov. Chris Christie and his predecessors is plaguing New Jersey, which has one of the lowest funding ratios of any state and the worst average annual pension contribution over the past three years, relative to actuarially required levels. The worsened outlook has come despite the pension reforms that Christie pushed through in 2011. “New Jersey continues to struggle with structural imbalance, and the governor’s decision to reduce pension contributions in fiscal 2014 and 2015 highlights the fact that the state lacks the revenues to comply with its own agreed-on contribution to the pension system,” S&P wrote in explaining its downgrade of New Jersey general-obligation paper to A from A+ in September. The rating agency added that the state is closing its budget gap by employing “one-time measures, such as legal settlements, debt restructurings, and pension-payment deferrals.” Big, scheduled, annual increases in the New Jersey pension contributions, to $4.8 billion in fiscal 2018 from $2.25 billion in the current year, threaten to crowd out other state expenditures. And with the nation’s second-highest combined state and local tax burden behind New York, the Garden State has little room to hike taxes. Pennsylvania, ranked No. 47, has been hurt by a weak economy and a growing pension liability. These factored into a Moody’s downgrade in July, when the state’s credit rating fell to Aa3 from Aa2. Tax-revenue growth has been sluggish since the recession, despite the state’s energy boom tied to hydraulic fracturing in the vast Marcellus shale deposit. Pennsylvania has a low, flat income tax rate of 3.1%—below the top rates of almost 9% in neighboring New Jersey and New York—but a tax increase looks unlikely. Janney’s Kozlik regularly is asked by investors about Pennsylvania’s relatively low income tax. “Try running for governor in Pennsylvania and telling residents that you’re going to raise their taxes because people in New York and New Jersey are paying more,” he says. The combined state and local tax bite in Pennsylvania, however, is in the top quartile in the country, according to data from taxfoundation.org. A sluggish economy and weak pension funding are weighing on Connecticut. The state also has lost some of its appeal as a tax haven for New Yorkers because its top income-tax rate has risen to almost 7%. NEW YORK is a bright spot in the fiscally challenged Northeast, thanks to the strength of the New York City economy, spending restraint, and conservative financial management, including strong pension funding. The state’s unfunded pension liability is just over half of smaller Connecticut’s. The Empire State continues to rely too heavily, however, on the superwealthy, including hedge fund managers and private-equity chieftains, who pay a large chunk of the state’s income taxes. And the volatile income tax kicks in 60% of state revenue, about twice the national average. Utah Gov. Herbert: “It’s easy for states to get in a hole and wake up one day and say, ‘We owe hundreds of millions of dollars.’” Photo: Rick D'Elia/Corbis California so far is defying supply siders who argued that a 2012 tax increase that lifted the top income-tax rate to 13%—for those earning more than $1 million—would drive the affluent out of the state. It has the highest top tax rate in the country and doesn’t offer a preferential rate on capital gains, which has meant that those cashing in options and restricted stock at highflying technology companies like Facebook FB in Your Value Your Change Short position (FB) and Twitter TWTR in Your Value Your Change Short position (TWTR) face a stiff combined federal and state capital-gains tax bite. California got a Moody’s upgrade to AA3 from A1 in June, and the rating agency recently cited the state’s “rapidly improving financial position.” California has gone from having huge budget gaps after the 2008 recession to boasting a surplus in the latest fiscal year. Like New York, California is heavily dependent on its income tax, which similarly kicks in 60% of revenue and is paid disproportionately by its ultra-rich. Structural impediments also are a problem in tough times because it takes a vote of two-thirds of the legislature to raise taxes. PUERTO RICO REMAINS in a class by itself, with far higher yields than those of any state and a poor economic and financial situation. The commonwealth’s benchmark 8% bond due in 2035 that was sold in a $3.5 billion deal in March now trades at 87 cents on the dollar for a 9.4% yield. That’s equivalent to a 15% on a fully taxable bond for someone in the top federal tax bracket. Few dollar-denominated bonds from any country yield so much, even before the tax benefit. The issue for investors is whether that yield compensates for the risk, especially after Puerto Rico enacted legislation that is expected to lead to the restructuring of certain public utilities, including the island’s electric and highway authorities. Reflecting this, the long-term debt of the public authorities trades around 50 cents on the dollar. The commonwealth’s strategy is to wall off its GO debt and tax-supported Cofina bonds—the name comes from the Spanish words for Puerto Rico Sales Tax Financing Corp.—from the troubled authorities. There’s little evidence that the depressed Puerto Rican economy is turning around, and the island remains burdened by a badly underfunded pension plan. Eaton Vance analysts cite other negatives, including high electricity costs, population loss, and a looming budget gap in the current fiscal year, despite major initiatives to finally achieve balance. The commonwealth is considering a $2.5 billion bond issue in the coming months that would offer a fresh test of investor demand. Aside from Puerto Rico and a handful of states, credit quality is strong at the state level, making municipal bonds an attractive option for income investors. Too bad muni yields are so low. Additional reporting by Alexander Eule.

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Howard Michael Gould for WGAw Board Candidates Night This Wenesday, September 3rd, is Candidates Night at the Guild. There’s a dinner from 6:00 to 7:30, and then from 7:30 to 9:30 it’s two hours of brief candidate statements and a Q+A session. I don’t know if the Guild is still accepting RSVP’s, but if you haven’t made plans to go and are interested, I suggest calling 323/782-4602 on Tuesday. If you’re on this site, you’ve been reading what I have to say, but I highly encourage you to come hear everyone else. I’ve never met most of my fellow candidates and I’ve myself only decided what to do with about half my ballot, so I’m looking forward to this. My own attentiveness to the Guild began at one of these off-year Candidates Nights, the one in 2000. There may have been more candidates at the front of the room than members in the seats. But listening to 16 members concerned enough about our Guild to make the commitment to run and to serve was the beginning of my education. Posted by HMG at 9:42 AM Failure of Democracy, Continued Last month I wrote a post called “Failure of Democracy” which began: “In the WGAw today, every single officer, every single member of the Board of Directors -- that’s 19 elected leaders in all -- either ran on a slate under the current president or under his endorsement.” I went on to talk about how the Board had thus become a political tool rather than the philosophically heterogeneous deliberative body most of us naturally assume it to be. Not surprisingly, this made current Board members unhappy. I know, because I’ve heard from a number of them. Some are friends, too, which doesn’t make this easy. I suppose I owe it to them, and to the rest of you reading, to back up my assertions a bit and to show that that first post wasn’t just political demagoguery. See, it all actually started with a little cold analysis. When I heard that most of the Writers United members were going to join together in a collective endorsement of eight candidates in this year’s election (a bit of an escalation from the off-year election of 2006), I got to wondering: how has Writers United’s heightened politicization of the Guild affected the way our Guild actually works? Before diving in here, I want to point to the Guild Constitution, which says that the Board “shall have the exclusive power and authority to direct the affairs of the Guild,” and that the president “shall act as a spokesperson for the Guild.” Now, I don’t regard the WGA Constitution with the quasi-religious awe I save for the United States Constitution, but this seems like a good idea to me: a representative democracy selects sixteen of our best and brightest, and issue by issue they’ll deliberate until they find what they believe to be the best course. You’re probably ahead of me right now, aren’t you? Well, here goes anyway. (Bear with me; it gets a little geeky.) The minutes of all Board meetings are available on the WGA website. So I sat down for an hour one night with a legal pad, and buzzed through, counting votes at each meeting: how many were unanimous, how many were near-unanimous (one or two “no” votes on a resolution), and how many were contested (defined very liberally as three or more “no” votes). I did this for the first 25 meetings after which it was true that every single member had been elected with the current president’s endorsement (9/25/06-5/19/08). Then, for comparison’s sake, I went back and did the same thing for the last 25 meetings of the pre-Writers United Board (1/26/04- 8/29/05). Remember, these 20 months of the Writers United Board encompassed the lead-up to a strike, the strike itself, and its aftermath –- a time in which wrenching policy questions arose continually. Will we accept early negotiations if the studios offer them? Do we tack closer to SAG or to the DGA? What will our strike rules look like? How will we discipline writers who break them? Will we ask showrunners not to complete non-writing services on shows already produced, and risk lawsuits for breach? What legal services will we provide those who do? Will we support location pickets, trying to shut down productions? Will we first consult the member-writers whose work we’d be shutting down? What about interim deals –- should we offer them? And to whom -- to Letterman, but not Leno? And on and on: once the fit hits the shan, there are scores and scores and scores of tough ones like these. So you’d think that the wartime Board, the Writers United Board, would be voting twice as often, three times as often as the peacetime Board, maybe even more. Wouldn’t you? Guess what. The current Board voted a total of 97 times in that period. The pre-Writers United Board, in peacetime, voted 189 times. The Writers United Board voted half as often -- on anything -- even as it took us through a strike. That’s astonishing. So astonishing, in fact, that I’ll say it again: (By the way, I excluded “approval of the minutes of the last meeting” votes, which literally are a rubber stamp. Also, if anyone does repeat this experiment and finds I’m off by a hair, I’ll happily publish a correction.) Now let’s look at the breakdown of votes: Pre-Writers United (189 votes): 125 unanimous, 34 near-unanimous, 30 contested. Writers United (97 votes): 74 unanimous, 19 near-unanimous, 4 contested. That’s right: defining “disagreement” so loosely as to require only three “no” votes on a motion, this Board took us all the way through a strike and disagreed a total of four times in almost two years. The pre-Writers United Board disagreed thirty times, in peacetime. The current monochromatic Board simply doesn’t disagree. 96% of the votes they did take were unanimous or near-unanimous. 96%. And because the Board already knows it won’t disagree, it doesn’t even insist on its deliberative role. It’s apparently content to let the president set policy (consulting, presumably, with paid staff more than with the Board itself). Completing the turn of the Constitution onto its head, the Board instead has taken on much of the president’s role as spokesman, tirelessly and enthusiastically, outreach after outreach. So in that sense, it was perhaps unfair of me to describe the Board as “nothing more than a rubber stamp.” But in the pure sense of the Board’s neglect in exercising its constitutional responsibility “to direct the affairs of the Guild,” well, I’m going to stand by that characterization, strong though it is. Of course, a non-insider reading this may be asking, “Does this really matter? Who cares who sets policy?” Well, I guess the heart of my campaign is the idea that it does matter, and that you ought to care. Look at any of the issues I’ve talked about on this blog over the last two months, and, whether you agree with me or not, ask yourself whether you want these questions decided for the Guild by one leader with a strong and specific ideological bent, or by a heterogeneous, philosophically diverse sixteen member committee, deliberating its way toward the best course for us all. Think about questions like: - ought we reverse course and try to mend fences with the DGA? - do we actively try to get better at enforcement, and if so, where do we find the resources? - should we offer to put reality writers under a separate MBA? - how should we be talking in the press about the SIT DOWN, SHUT UP writers? - looking to 2011, do we repeat the brinksmanship of 2005-08 even if that might well mean steering us toward another strike, or do we try to get better at talking to people even when what they have to say isn’t what we want to hear? Think about those questions, and think about who you want answering them for you. The ballots are going out this week. What kind of Board do you want? You can find the original post to which I refer here: http://gouldforwga.blogspot.com/2008/07/failure-of-democracy.html I'm very pleased to be able to tell you that thanks to the extraordinary generosity of Dan Petrie, Jr., Carol Mendelsohn, and a number of other members, mailers will be going out today announcing a couple of campaign events, evenings at which I'll get to meet more of you and talk face to face about our Guild. Here's the info: at the home of Dan Petrie, Jr. 18141 Medley Drive Tuesday, August 26th Carol Mendelsohn 827 Devon Ave. Posted by HMG at 3:42 PM Shall Ever the Twain Meet? One of the valuable but relatively unheralded things which the Writers United leadership has done in the last few years is ease tensions between the WGA West and the WGA East. This was not without controversy; some of the people I most respect regarding Guild matters felt we took the wrong course, that we were too “soft” on the East. This involved, among other things, forgiving large sums which apparently the East owed us but hadn’t been paying. It seemed to me, though, that in the bigger picture, forging a healthy relationship between the two Writers Guilds was of greater importance than what I hope, in time, will be looked back upon as bookkeeping. Like most members, I’ve wondered why in this age of easy telecommuniations we still need two separate Writers Guilds anyway, with separate officers and Boards (they call theirs a Council) and, most wastefully, separate executive directors, paid staffs, and headquarters. The resistance to merger has historically come from the East, where heavy concentrations of news and daytime writers, for instance, worry that their unique concerns will go underattended. I’m thinking about all of this more and more lately as we watch the unfortunate, ongoing contretemps between SAG and AFTRA, similarly redundant and overlapping Guilds. I’d hope that their troubles will provide an impetus for us to look at ourselves and eliminate our own split once and for all. We showed good faith to the East and then some; now I'd love to see them do the same, and take the lead in setting forth some kind of plan for a merger which would leave them confident that their interests will be protected. Scott Frank Over the next few weeks, I’m going to turn over this space on occasion to other writers with important Guild experience, to share their thoughts about where we stand. First up is Scott Frank. You probably know him as one of the top screenwriters working today, and may also recall that he served on the WGA Board of Directors from 2005-07, elected as part of the original Writers United slate. Scott has some strong opinions about our approach the last few years, and what we need to do to be more effective at the negotiating table going forward. Here’s Scott: The economics of our business are changing rapidly. But make no mistake: it is a BUSINESS. Going forward, we need to approach future negotiations as, well... negotiations. We are grown ups, fighting for a piece of an economic pie that is evolving as we go. We can only guess at trends. Every month, some new hotspot appears in the world of New Media. If we are to truly secure our place in that world, we have to start thinking creatively. Agitating will not win writers respect. Negotiating will. Our leadership for years has claimed that the guild had gotten too "cozy" with the CEO's. That we needed to fight them from the outside. Yet, in the end, the only way we were able to make a deal was to sit down in the same room with these same CEOs. Unity is a great thing, but the fight is not an emotional one, it's an economic one. We need to approach our future with a pragmatic eye. The world is changing. The economy is changing. Are the corporations "greedy?" Sure. That's what corporations are. They are not people. They are money-making entities responsible for making as much money as possible for their shareholders. Does this make them evil? I don't think so. We just need to show them that it's in their best FINANCIAL interest to make us their partners going forward. They are as scared as we are about the future. That only makes them tougher to deal with. Standing outside their offices and making fun of them won't get us a better contract. Working with them and ALL of the other guilds to better understand the future will. Working with them and ALL of the other guilds to set a better table for the next negotiation certainly will. Howard Michael Gould understands all that. He cares about our future, knows that we'll have to fight for it, but understands that our fight, like our business, is collaborative. Hi. My name is Howard Michael Gould, and I'm running for the Board of Directors of the Writers Guild of America, west. I've been in the Guild since 1988. I've spent about half my career in television, half in features. I started this blog to let you know who I am and how I see the post-strike Guild, with more depth and specificity than the booklet campaign statements will allow. I'll try to add something every day or two. I was on the 2007-08 Negotiating Committee. If you don't know me by name, you might know me from the speech I gave at the Convention Center on the eve of the strike. You can see it by clicking the box below with the picture of me sitting behind David Young. (The rest are some other guy named Howard Gould who has more hair and apparently talks about oil drilling on cable news a lot. Blogspot and YouTube won't let you link with a picture to just a single video, so the best I can do is hope that he's stuck with my face on his blog, too.) Please e-mail me at HMGforWGA@aol.com. WriterAction

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City of Knoxville » Archived News Stories » 2013 » City Takes Control of McClung Warehouse Property City Takes Control of McClung Warehouse Property On Wednesday, Nov. 13th, the City of Knoxville formally assumed control of six properties on West Jackson Avenue, including the historic McClung Warehouses. Under an agreement signed by the bankruptcy trustee for the properties, the City paid $1.45 million to settle an outstanding lawsuit and acquire the land and buildings. The properties, on West Jackson between Gay Street and Broadway, were formerly owned by Mark Saroff and have been in receivership since 2010. The total area of the six lots is about 1.7 acres. City Council approved the terms of the agreement in July, and U.S. Bankruptcy Court Judge Marcia Phillips Parsons approved it on Oct. 25. The titles are now legally held by Knoxville's Community Development Corporation (KCDC), the City's redevelopment authority. "This day has been a long time coming," said Mayor Madeline Rogero. "I am very happy that the City can now move toward stabilizing these historic buildings, and seek proposals from private developers to return these prime downtown properties to productive use. The Jackson Avenue corridor is one of the gateways to our downtown, and this gives us the opportunity to revitalize it." The City will soon issue a bid for short-term stabilization of the buildings, to protect them from further water damage and trespassers. City officials will also begin the process of developing a Request for Proposals from private developers, with the goal of returning the properties to private ownership sometime in 2014.

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Developing Chung Ling Tertiary College in Malaysia as Advanced Nation Download "Developing Chung Ling Tertiary College in Malaysia as Advanced Nation" Timothy Manning 1 From the SelectedWorks of Kang Chuen Tat ( 江俊达 ) September 16, 2014 Developing Chung Ling Tertiary College in Malaysia as Advanced Nation Chuen-Tat Kang Available at: 2 1 DEVELOPING CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE IN MALAYSIA AS ADVANCED NATION Author and Publisher : Kang Chuen Tat 3 2 This e-book is advisable to printed double-sided on recycled, acid free paper containing a minimum of 50 % recycled, deinked fiber. Copyright All rights reserved worldwide : 16 September ISBN : Published by Kang Chuen Tat ( 江俊达 ) Social Media : Permission requests for commercial and non-commercial use that exceed the above guidelines must be directed to the publisher. All rights reserved. Printed in Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Notes : Includes index, bibliography subject : Chung Ling Tertiary College, Chinese. This non-profit book publishing project is part of the voluntary compilation of suitable reference manual that could be used in university, industry and community to assist in the research projects relevant to the subject. AUTHOR STATEMENT : The author thanks all the following past contributors, without whose work the manual could never have been compiled : anonymous authors from random online surf engine. LIMIT OF LIABILITY / DISCLAIM OF WARRANTY : The material contained in the manual is the nature of general comment only and is not intended to be advice on any particular matter. Readers should not act on the basis of any material in the book without obtaining advice relevant to their own particular situations. The author and publisher expressly disclaim any liability to any person in respect of any action taken or not taken in reliance on the contents of this publication. The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising here from. The fact that an organization or website is referred to in this work as a citation and / or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or website may provide or recommendations it may make further. INTERNET ADDRESSES : Readers should be aware that internet websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. At the time of printing, the internet addresses appearing in this book were correct. Owning to the dynamic nature of the internet, however, we cannot guarantee that all these addresses will remain correct. While every care has been taken to trace and acknowledge copyright, the publishers tender their apologies for any accidental infringement where copyright has proved untraceable. They would be pleased to come to a suitable arrangement with the rightful owner in each case. COPYRIGHT STATEMENT : Except under the conditions described in the Copyright Act 1968 of Australia (the Act) and subsequent amendments, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Educational institutions copying any part of this book for educational purposes under the Act must be covered by a Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) license for educational institutions and must have given a remuneration notice to CAL. License agreement must be adhered to. For details of the CAL license contact : Copyright Agency Limited (CAL); Level 19, 157, Liverpool Street, Sydney, New South Wales NSW 2000, Australia. Telephone : +61-(0) Facsimile : +61-(0) 4 3 DEVELOPING CHUNG LING TERITARY COLLEGE IN MALAYSIA AS ADVANCED NATION AUTHOR : KANG CHUEN TAT ( 江俊达 ) PRESENTED TO BY ON This book is dedicated to my beloved God, families and friends. 5 4 INDEX TITLE PAGE NUMBER FRONT COVER 1 COVER LETTER 9 INTRODUCTION TO CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA 10 SOURCES AND ORIGINATION OF IDEAS 10 SITE SELECTION FOR CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA 10 EXPECTED ENVIRONMENT IN PROPOSED CHUNG LING TERTIARY 11 COLLEGE MALAYSIA OVERALL DESCRIPTION OF ENROLMENT OF STUDENTS IN PROPOSED 12 CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA FEES 12 OUTLOOK OF GRADUATES 12 STUDENT ACTIVITIES IN PROPOSED CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE 12 MALAYSIA COST OF ESTABLISHMENT OF CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE 13 MALAYSIA FACULTIES AND COURSES IN THE PROPOSED CHUNG LING TERTIARY 13 COLLEGE MALAYSIA STATEMENT OF COURSE OFFERING IN CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE 14 MALAYSIA MISSION STATEMENT FOR ENGINEERING COURSE IN CHUNG LING 14 TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA FACILITIES FOR INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES 15 CHINESE TECHNOLOGICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY 15 SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE 16 MALAYSIA IN MALAYSIA PROPOSED STAGES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHUNG LING TERTIARY 17 COLLEGE MALAYSIA IN MALAYSIA OTHER INFORMATION 18 PROPOSAL TO INVITE ESTABLISHMENT BRANCH CAMPUS OF CHUNG 19 LING UNIVERSITY IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA TYPE OF INVITED COURSES 19 DISTRICT FOR NEW CAMPUS ESTABLISHMENT 19 AUTHORITY FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW CAMPUSES IN MALAYSIA 19 BASIC RECOMMENDED PROCEDURES 19 INITIAL ESTIMATED COST 20 BENEFIT TO THE INVITED UNIVERSITY 20 BENEFIT TO THE LOCAL COMMUNITY 21 EXTRA FACILITIES REQUIRED 21 EXPECTED NUMBER OF STUDENTS AND STAFFS 21 SYSTEM OF BRANCH CAMPUS 21 SUPPORTING FACILITIES IN COMMUNITY 21 FEES AND SCHOLARSHIPS 22 6 5 EXAMINATION AND GRADING 22 PROFESSIONAL APPROVAL 22 EXPECTED SURVEY ON FACILITIES, COURSES AND POPULATION 22 INTENTIONS AND OBJECTIVES 23 BASIS ON THE BRANCH CAMPUS DEVELOPMENT OVERSEAS 23 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FACILITY IN CHUNG LING UNIVERSITY 23 CAMPUS CONCLUSION 24 OBJECTIONS AGAINST THE EXPANSION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PENANG 25 UNIVERSITY (PU) AS A SOLE UNIVERSITY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ACADEMICS IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA WANT, NEED AND REQUIREMENT OF ALTERNATIVE UNIVERSITIES IN 25 THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA PHILOSOPHIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE LARGE SCALE 26 RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES IN THE ISLAND STATE OF PENANG MISSION OF SECOND RESEARCH UNIVERSITY FOR PENANG STATE OF 27 MALAYSIA VISIONARY SECOND INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY WITH HIGH CLASS 27 RESEARCH FOR THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA TYPES OF RESEARCH INSTITUTES TO BE ESTABLISHED 27 SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH STUDIES 28 PHILOSOPHIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHLY SELECTED TOP 28 CLASS MALAYSIAN UNIVERSITY IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA FEATURE OF PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF THE SELECTED CHUNG LING 29 UNIVERSITY STAFF QUALITY IN SELECTED TOP UNIVERSITY IN MALAYSIA 30 QUALITY OF ACADEMIC STAFFS 31 ROLE OF SUPPORTING STAFFS 31 CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED STUDENTS 32 OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE FOR SELECTED TOP CLASS UNIVERSITIES 32 THREATS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SELECTED UNIVERSITY IN PENANG, 34 MALAYSIA ROLES OF MALAYSIAN SELECTED UNIVERSITIES IN WORLD ARENA 35 OTHER MATTERS 35 REFERENCES 36 WEB NEWS OF CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA 37 SPECIFIC DEPARTMENTAL PROPOSAL FOR CHUNG LING TERTIARY 44 COLLEGE : CHEMICAL ENGINEERING INTRODUCTION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT IN CHUNG 44 LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE DEPARTMENT 44 FUNDING OF THE DEPARTMENT 45 ANNEX BACKGROUND 45 MISSION STATEMENT 45 PROGRAM OBJECTIVES 46 PROGRAM OUTCOMES 46 7 6 CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT 47 MALAYSIA PROPOSAL ABSTRACT AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 47 DISCLAIMER 47 STATEMENT OF SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGINEERING 47 PILOT PLANT IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) STATEMENT OF PROPOSED PEN-EPP 48 INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT FOR THE STATE OF 48 PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) THE NEEDS FOR ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT FOR THE STATE OF 49 PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) SITE SELECTION FOR ENGINNERING PILOT PLANT IN THE STATE OF 50 PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 53 PROPOSED STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PILOT PLANT FOR THE STATE 53 OF PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) POTENTIAL RESEARCH CENTRES IN PENANG ENGINEERING PILOT 55 PLANT (PEN-EPP) PERSONNEL AND HIERARCHY IN PROPOSED ENGINEERING PILOT 56 PLANT (PEN-EPP) RESEARCH PROJECT COSTING FOR DEVELOPING PEN-EPP 57 ACTIVITIES AVAILABLE IN PENANG ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT 58 INDUSTRIAL AND CORPORATE PARTNERSHIPS FACILITIES AVAILABLE FOR PROPOSED PILOT PLANT FOR THE STATE OF 59 PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) ROLES OF PROPOSED ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT FOR THE STATE OF 60 PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) PROPOSED ADDITIONAL SERVICE CENTRES IN ENGINEERING PILOT 60 PLANT FOR THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) ROLES OF CONTRACTORS IN PROVIDING PILOT PLANT FACILITIES 62 FOR PEN-EPP OCCUPATION, HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES IN PROPOSED ENGINEERING 63 PILOT PLANT IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA CONCLUSION 65 APPENDIX A : COVER LETTER FOR INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES 65 IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA APPENDIX B : DETAILED ENGINEERING COSTING FOR TYPICAL 66 CATALYSIS LABORATORIES APPENDIX C : ECONOMY IN MATERIAL SELECTION TO CONSTRUCT 66 PEN-EPP DEVELOPING OF NEW COURSE DIPLOMA AND DEGREE OF CHEMICAL 67 ENGINEERING CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AN INTRODUCTION 67 MISSION STATEMENT FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE IN CHUNG 68 LING TERTIARY COLLEGE STREAMS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE OFFERED BY CHUNG 68 8 7 LING TERTIARY COLLEGE INTEGRATED INDUSTRIAL EXPERIENCE FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 69 STUDENTS AT CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA EXCHANGE PROGRAMS FOR CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE 69 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS SCHOLARSHIPS FROM CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT 69 CAREER OPPORTUNITY IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 69 INTRODUCTION OF DIPLOMA OF CHEMICAL AND BIOMOLECULAR 69 ENGINEERING QUESTIONS ASKED BY DIPLOMA OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROSPECT 71 STUDENTS QUESTIONS NORMALLY ASKED BY ALL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 71 PROSPECT STUDENTS MODIFICATION OF COURSE FOR POSTGRADIATE DIPLOMA OF CHEMICAL 74 AND BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING IN CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA DIFFERENCES IN THE DIPLOMA AND DEGREE OF CHEMICAL 76 ENGINEERING INTRODUCTION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING ONLINE SELF STUDY 76 COURSE COMPARISON OF TRADITIONAL LECTURE AND ONLINE SELF-STUDY 77 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE OVERVIEW OF METHODS FOR ONLINE CHEMICAL ENGINEEERING 77 COURSE EXECUTION STEPS REQUIRED FOR ONLINE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE 79 INTRODUCTION TO ONLINE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEGREE 81 MAJORS : CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND APPLIED CHEMICAL 81 TECHNOLOGY CAREER PROSPECTS 81 PROFESSIONAL RECOGNITION 81 LABORATORY, CLINICAL AND PRACTICAL CLASSES 82 DEGREE REQUIREMENTS 82 CREDIT FOR PREVIOUS STUDIES 82 PROCEDURES FOR ADVICE AND REGISTRATION 82 POTENTIAL PROBLEMS FOR CONDUCTING ONLINE SELF-STUDY 83 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE SUPPLEMENTARY FACILITIES FOR ONLINE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 84 COURSE REFERENCES 84 DIRECTORY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF THE WORLD 85 DIRECTORY OF MALAYSIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTES 89 ( UPDATED SEPTEMBER 2011) DIRECTORY OF MALAYSIAN CHEMICAL PRODUCTION 94 COMPANY SIMPLIFIED ( UPDATED SEPTEMBER 2011) DIRECTORY OF AUSTRALIAN TECHNICAL AND FURTHER EDUCATION 95 (TAFE) TERTIARY COLLEGE OF VICTORIA ( UPDATED 19 9 8 SEPTEMBER 2011) DIRECTORY OF RESEARCH INSTITUTES IN THE WORLD ( 97 UPDATED 21 SEPTEMBER 2011) APPENDIX A : 108 GROUP PETITION TO CONSTRUCT CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE IN THE STATE OF PENANG IN MALAYSIA APPENDIX B : PETITION TO SUPPORT THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CHUNG 109 TERTIARY COLLEGE, PENANG IN MALAYSIA APPENDIX C : FORMAL LETTER TO REQUEST 110 EXTERNAL SPONSORSHIPS FOR CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE IN STATE OF PENANG IN MALAYSIA APPENDIX D : COVER LETTER AND QUESTIONAIRE TO CONSTRUCT CH111 LING TERTIARY COLLEGE IN THE STATE OF PENANG IN MALAYSIA QUESTIONAIRE FOR SURVEY IN DEVELOPING CHUNG LING TERTIARY 112 COLLEGE IN THE STATE OF PENANG IN MALAYSIA QUESTIONAIRE FOR SURVEY IN DEVELOPING CHUNG LING TERTIARY 114 COLLEGE IN THE STATE OF PENANG IN MALAYSIA CHINESE LANGUAGE CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE PENANG OF MALAYSIA - SAMPLE 125 ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTATION DEPARTMENTAL AND UNIT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION FORM 125 STAFF EVALUATION FORM 127 CLIENT / STAFF INTERVIEW EVALUATION FORM 129 PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT QUESTIONS 131 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE / UNIT ELECTORAL PAPER 133 SAMPLE ACTIVITY PRINTOUTS : DONATION FORM 134 ORGANIZATIONAL COMPLAINT / SUGGESTION FORM 135 LAWS OF MALAYSIA - EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS (DISCIPLINE) ACT (ACT 174) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS LAWS OF MALAYSIA - EDUCATION ACT 1996 (ACT 550) ARRANGEMENT 164 OF SECTIONS LAWS OF MALAYSIA - NATIONAL COUNCIL ON HIGHER EDUCATION ACT (ACT 546) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS LAWS OF MALAYSIA - UNIVERSITIES AND UNIVERSITY COLLEGES ACT (ACT 30) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS LAWS OF MALAYSIA - PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL 247 INSTITUTIONS ACT 1996 (ACT 555) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS LAWS OF MALAYSIA DEGREES AND DIPLOMAS ACT 1962 (ACT 379) 284 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS LAWS OF MALAYSIA GOVERNMENT PROCEEDINGS ACT 1956 (ACT 359) 285 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS 10 9 COVER LETTER TO : MALAYSIAN CHUNG LING UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION AUTHORITY / COUNCILS / TEMPLES CHINESE GROUPS AND REPRESENTATIVES IN MALAYSIAN Dear sirs, SUBMISSION OF PROPOSAL TO DEVELOP CHUNG LING UNIVERSITY COLLEGE IN MALAYSIA With reference to the matter above, I would like to submit a proposal to encourage the discussion of potential of establishing Chung Ling Tertiary College in Malaysia that provide conducive environment for the study of Chinese scientific language, philosophy and other professional subjects with Chinese culture suitable to the context of Malaysian society. 2. This is a part of voluntary research project that will encourage the university Chinese students to research on the powerful Chinese philosophical concepts that could be applied in daily life, and it is wished too that the additional teaching of Chinese studies could be examined formally in the future. Malaysian Chinese Universities that will serve as committee in designing the syllabus, text books and executing teachings and research purposes for public Chinese technological examination not only for Malaysia but also throughout the world where bilingual Chinese and English are used as medium of instruction whereas several translated versions of exam and text books will be available in different languages taught in different countries with diversified background. 3. Please kindly contact me should you are interested to make your first step in contributing your ideas towards the establishment of Chinese tertiary education centres. Future sponsors of Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia are welcome to express your intention where Chung Ling Tertiary College Development Fund in Malaysia could be established after several years of long study about the feasibility. Thank you. Regards, Model Chung Ling Tertiary College Development Fund of Malaysia (Not High School) 11 10 Introduction to Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia The Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia is an institution of tertiary learning that apply the concept of advanced nation in promoting the Chinese philosophical teaching and research and other important professional skills at the higher level. The proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia will be one of the big scale research institutes that focus on the teachings and practises of Chinese studies, namely ancient history, Chinese classical and modern languages, religious scriptures, sociology of Chinese, particularly in the application of scientific research culture in Chinese community and other important professional areas that are focused by major Chinese schools and universities in the world. Other disciplines, particularly of science and technology, engineering, and so on will be taught as additional course subjects in the proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia. The inclusion of non-chinese teachings in the proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia will enable the sharing of facilities, particularly of the information technology, to enable attractive teachings and learning processes of Chinese language in the proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia. Other professions like humanity and science will produce cross-disciplinary opportunity for Chinese-related courses that enable the diversified research in Chinese studies to be practised, particularly in grammar and vocabulary programs, for example, in the refinement of pronunciation practises and the improvement of Chinese-used products, for example Chinese medical products and games formulated with the inspiration from the inherited Chinese scriptures, to be further examined and improved using current advanced scientific research methodology. Sources and Origination of Ideas The ideas originated from the needs of students particularly from high school to pursue alternative route to tertiary education via Chinese educational pathway where alternative elective subjects like Chinese history and technology are taught besides promoting philosophy and scientific research culture in the proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia. The system of proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia will be referred to the other major universities and research institutes in Malaysia and the world, for example, Australian Catholic University, Singapore Nanyang University of Technology and Hong Kong Chinese University. Site Selection for Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia The proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia is expected situated in a city not far away from Batu Ferringhi in the state of Penang, Malaysia. It occupies an area of 388 acres, of which about 50 acres are presently been used. The rest of the land includes meadows, orchards, and forests. Large institutional buildings and smaller residential houses are scattered over the west side of the property. The main Chinese traditional hall and cultural facilities, the educational institutes, the administrative offices, the main 12 11 kitchen and dining hall, the Chinese food canteen, and supporting structures are all located in this complex. The environment is quiet and peaceful. The air is fresh and pure. It is the first large Chinese tertiary education centre in the state and country. It is also an international way-place of standard Western-Chinese education. It is said, "Welling up from the ground, the land of jewelled kingdom appeared." In the Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia, the light house of world combined Taoism, Confucian Buddhism and local Malaysian tradition, there is no discrimination regarding religion, race, nationality, or age. We welcome people who devote themselves to the search for happiness and peace for the human race, and to the investigation of the universal truth of life. Let us work together to save the world with Malaysian Chinese technology and philosophies! FIGURE : PHOTO OF MODEL CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA Expected Environment in Proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia The enrolment of Chinese students and recruitment of staffs in the proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia are expected to consist of at least 70% Chinese students and staffs in the total population of approximately one thousands spreading throughout the building of Chinese studies. The university has close-linking especially to major Malaysian institution of higher learning with recognized standard Chinese and technological teaching and research institutions in the world, namely from China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore etc Full research subject will be available at the Master and PhD levels in Chinese studies, conducted at the Department of Philosophy. Nevertheless, other technological studies especially in physics, theology and basic sciences are available that are linked to local and foreign industries and businesses in specialised subjects. During the special festivals of Chinese-related, for example Mooncake and Chinese Lunar New Year, special holidays for celebrations are allowed in addition to other government-approved public holidays and other education centres in Malaysia. Ceremony to praise Chinese ancient philosophers and traditional script chanting are allowed in the university where image of Confucious, great emperor flags and other good-fortune bringing symbols of Chinese are allowed to exhibit throughout the university areas, where one non-religious Chinese temple is developed at the centre of the map of Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia. This is a place where all major university functions are held, for example, convocation, professional talk and forum, orientation, science and technology exhibition besides large groups of praying ceremonies during special cultural festive seasons. 13 12 Overall Description of Enrolment of Students in Proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia Students that have passed the secondary education with at least credits or passes in the core subject of studies are allowed to study in the proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia. Local and international students especially those interested in Chinese studies and technology will be allowed to enrol in specialised Chinese courses with scholarships and living supports. Those receiving additional supports from Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia, particularly staffs and students, to contribute to the Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia and other affiliated Chinese institutions upon student graduation. Fees The fees charged per student will be minimized where financial assistance is available for those performed excellently during the course of study. On average, approximately Malaysian Ringgit (RM) Five Thousands will be charged per student per academic semester but this will depend on the performance of students and courses of study, where scholarships and fee waiver opportunity are available. Outlook of Graduates Due to the competitiveness of graduates in international job market the quality of each course particularly in Chinese technological studies and engineering will be maintained at high level. This is a starting point for establishing high standard Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia where undergraduates from Chinese philosophy course will have to undergo practical training either in Chinese international business and industrial firms or via social activities that are able to contribute to Malaysian society, for a duration of one semester. Similarly for the engineering students where university-industrial partnership are stressed, the undergraduates are compulsory to be ready for industrial practises in factories or engineering research institutes before entering the job market upon graduation. This is also similar for students from other disciplines. Student Activities in Proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia Chinese society will be prosperous in the Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia that will become role model for all the Chinese societies in almost all Malaysian universities, incorporating noble local Western and Eastern Chinese Far East values suitable for the context of Malaysian society. Other professional clubs, such as science student societies, business clubs and general interest organizations will exist, supported by Student Association in Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia. 14 13 Cost of Establishment of Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia Total cost for establishing one Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia for future Malaysian is expected to be Malaysian Ringgit (RM) Five Billions where the funding are not only originated from world-renown Chinese development funds from co-operations of individual Chinese organizations in the world but also partially sponsored by the government of Malaysia. This is a symbol and initiative of unison from all Chinese in Malaysia and the world where portion of the research funding are available with the participation of leading technocrats, scientists and philosophers in the world. Faculties and Courses in the Proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia Overall there are totally three faculties available in the proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia : - Faculty of Philosophy : Chinese philosophy is taught as one of the core course where poet practises, chanting and description of classical Chinese scripts are compulsory for those enrolled in the course. Besides, the proposed course for Chinese philosophy will also stress on moral education based on teachings where grade will be provided for daily practises of Confucius noble values in daily life as practical besides speed English-Chinese skills as practical subject. Additional subjects like Chinese and Advanced Malaysian Society, Impact of Western Culture in the Practise of Chinese Tradition, Perspective and Influence of Non-Chinese Philosophies and Sciences on Contemporary Chinese Races will be taught as elective subjects where students are encouraged to self-study and research on Chinese philosophies in various lecture assignment, scientific and philosophical research projects, linking, absorbing and assimilating the advantages of other advanced Western and Eastern philosophies into Chinese traditions and practises. Faculty of Engineering : This is a major faculty for the proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia where not only personal and racial development are stressed but worldly and cross-cultural practise of globalize world is embraced through the understanding of engineering technology and general science theories or laws that will enable the application of Chinese philosophies and rule of nature in the understanding of modern science, that could prove the ability of traditional Chinese knowledge to link the modern and competitive physical worlds via advancement in various scientific and engineering research directly related to the welfare and interest of Chinese community in the world particularly in Malaysia. Those non-chinese students will study the basic engineering subjects, namely mechanical, electrical and chemical engineering courses similar to other academic and research universities with the difference from other academic universities are that Chinese philosophies are compulsory to be studies as non-engineering related subject credits to introduce the technocrat about the ancient Chinese sciences and provide future outlook about the improvement required for the life of Chinese related to daily application of technology for the practise of modern and 15 14 prosperous Chinese life via science and technology application. Faculty of Business, Accounting and Law : As in Faculty of Engineering, the purpose is to provide professional training and development for university students under the initiatives of Chinese-dominated international corporation with the intention to specially trained Chinese members, particularly from poor background, to be able to manage finance of the Chinese community, organization and even countries with Chinese-populated in professional methods to remove poverty and encourage prosperity. The core course taught will be approved by relevant professional organizations and special considerations will be given on the methods on the improvement of economy and fiscal of Chinese community via specially formulated economy policies, financial and business laws that incorporating the Chinese culture from with diversified ethnic group with the modern and westernized business management methods that are directly relevant to the situation and problems of poor Chinese community in specific ways, where more research and discussions of ideas will be available in the faculty of study and research on the advanced Chinese global economy. The outputs of ideas will be recommended directly to the authorities for experimentation and execution with progressive monitoring and further research and development from the staffs from Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia, via modelling of actual advanced and prosperous Chinese-populated nations competitive in term of economy and technology, parallel to the teachings of great Chinese leaders and professors in the last 5,000 years. Development of alternative non-cultural based faculty will enable the sharing of resources of various faculties as cost-saving method and encourage non-chinese to understand and practise the studies of advanced Chinese philosophies influenced by modern Western values and beliefs. Statement of Course Offering in Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia Totally three faculties with more than 20 course are available in Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia where the vacancies are based on the requirement of the jobforce of Malaysian society, the trend of advancement of business and technology related to the quality of course and the general interest among the students particularly among the students from post-secondary and pre-university level seeking career advancement towards professional paths. Further details of courses to be offered in Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia will be discussed with future staffs members of the universities that could take more than a decade for additional inputs. Mission Statement for Engineering Course in Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia The mission is to provide quality engineering education. It focuses on fundamental and specialised knowledge and practice in engineering sciences particularly related to industrial processes. It also stresses on management, ethics and humanities. The engineering course philosophy in Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia is based on the systematic approach. The engineering programmes offer an integrated and comprehensive education that transcends various disciplines. Besides being 16 15 professionally qualified and competent, its graduates are also culturally, intellectually, morally and ethically sound. The interdisciplinary approach produces graduates who are capable not only of solving industrial and human problems but also of bringing about and managing change in conformity with the world view. The programme offered by Faculty of Engineering fosters close partnership with the industry and the government. It offers its services to both the Chinese community and the public. Facilities for Internal and External Research Institutes Certain advanced scientific research facilities particularly related to the welfare of Chinese community throughout the world are to be conducted. This will range not only from philosophical research but external grants related to Chinese engineering, nutritional and medical aspects of Chinese vegetarians and health practitioners are examples of research to be funded in collaboration with Ministry of Higher Education (MOE) and Ministry of Science, Technology & Innovation (MOSTI) Malaysia. Separate centralised research centre for Chinese Technology that incorporate ancient technology of Chinese and modern sciences is to be established particularly in medical engineering. Partnership with international industries in conducting computer engineering research that will enable the creative presentation of Chinese education, at the same time, enable the proposed university to be independent in funding and obtaining additional income for further improvement. The research centre will comprise of Chinese libraries in additional to technological libraries and science laboratories for research activities, occupying a spacious three level building. Chinese Technological Reference Library The library of Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia is proposed to establish special technological and scientific sections that will be used to store the reference books of Chinese language typically applied for research and self-improvement among science teachers with small exhibition boards that are designed typically with external collaborating Chinese-populated universities in other countries, symbolizing the partnerships in linkage scientific research projects. However, other existing sections of the library will be maintained with possible addition of Chinese language database that could facilitate the library surfing online about the technological articles and references available in the Chinese section of the stated library. Technological articles of small volume from other languages, for example, Korean, Japanese, Arabic could be considered to be added in addition to most English version, either purchased with Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia funding or donated externally by the public and private sponsors. That will be similar to online articles with the university computer systems to be linked with free Chinese journals and databases that will enable the professors and lecturers to conduct educational research studies in science, mathematics and technology, in addition to other English version articles with translation facility available. Other branch 17 16 resource centre could be considered to be established especially near the university science laboratories that would assist in the surfing of basic material for science and engineering exhibition projects, using Chinese language for publication besides English. This will serve as quality improvement program to variegate the types of research conducted in the university on multilingual basis as a part of teaching and research professional development programs. Other multimedia, for example, Chinese version technological CDs, cassettes etc could be found with translation of English on paper or screen. Specific Characteristics for Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia in Malaysia The proposed Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia for Malaysian community will posses special features in addition to conventional schools in Malaysia : (a) All enrolled students regardless of races and religions, that are not well-versed in basic Chinese language, will need to study basic Chinese language compulsorily that would be tested in formal examination, in order to be able to fully-utilize the facility provided typically for research studies with external sponsorships. (b) Free holiday Chinese language tutorial class will be provided for non-chinese native speakers for those who lag behind the subjects. Every student will be provided with batch or student card that consist the name printed in both English alphabet and Chinese character that should be able to be read by all enrolled students. (c) All enrolled students should be able to follow the Chinese festivals that will be celebrated formally in various Malaysian cities, like Chinese Lunar New Year, Mooncake Autumn Festival etc. Annual competition in Chinese calligraphy, poem and essay composition, singing and traditional dancing would be joined by all university students. (d) Official language of the school is English with Chinese version and translation available only in university-used document, websites, noticeboards, signboards etc. Additional Chinese language database will be sponsored in library with many Chinese books and reference articles. However, the university will also prepare interpreters and translators for ease of learning communication under special request. (e) Additional co-curriculum will be introduced in the study of Chinese culture and technology as a student club. University curriculum in English subjects particularly will be added with Chinese history, philosophy, geography, religions and ethnics at foundation level towards the understanding of Chinese culture, especially in Confucius teachings. Operation of the school will reflect typically of Chinese community and 18 17 social life in Malaysia with decision making partially affected by the Board of Director and funding organizations operated on public and private basis. Proposed Stages for the Development of Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia in Malaysia For a unique university with typical Malaysian Chinese background, special procedures that are recommended below as starting point : Step 1 : Determination of location, syllabus of study and support The tentative location of establishing unique university is expected either in Chinese-populated Georgetown or proposed international city of Batu Ferringhi in Penang island, Malaysia. In consideration of the issues of racial integration, the enrolment is to be opened to all races with compulsory second language is to be Mandarin Chinese, where the rest is similar to conventional international universities. Entrance examination - Special tests would be conducted to pre-screen the students to follow the syllabus and culture of the university environment, at the end of the pre-university year while waiting for the results of pre-university exam STPM or UEC However, entrance examination would be conducted at the end of pre-university or equivalent where establishment of branch campus for Chinese community would be followed within 3 years after main college establishment gradually. Step 2 : Formation of steering committee Board of Director would be formed by local leaders, businessmen and representatives that are well-verses in both written and oral Chinese Mandarin and Malaysian English to discuss the funding issues from the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) Malaysia and estimated funding support to run the school at main campus prior to graduate research institutes. Local native Bumiputra are welcome to be the nominal committee with multiracial family and friend groups that are interested to experience typical Malaysian Chinese learning culture with potential donation and sponsorships from international Chinese corporation and business groups as a part of social investment in foreign Malaysian community. Step 3 : Further research, survey and publicity The ideas gained from the multiple times of meetings and discussions would be enriched with existing proposal to form Project Planning Report towards the establishment of Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia in Malaysia stressing on quality teaching and learning in the modified Chinese language culture environment representing a unique identity of Malaysian local Chinese community in the contribution of social development. 19 18 This is similar to the model of major universities in Malaysia with the differences in religious component where the expected population for the future proposed Chinese University in Malaysia would range from Buddhist, Taoist and Christians mainly with Muslim support. Publicity would be conducted to obtain expression of interest from local community, at the same time, conduct survey on the more accurate budget and facility requirement in the development of high quality Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia to ensure the complaint case of legal requirement. Step 4 : Land and building structure improvement The proposed location will require sponsorships of land with many major construction facilities are privately sponsored, for example, land and fixed property that should be owned by the Board of Director, that is spacious and safe enough to accommodate approximately 5,500 students plus 100 academic and technical staffs population provided with playground, canteen, computer laboratories, science centre, Chinese and Language Centres, kitchen etc that could meet the local authority requirement especially from educational and city council investigators. Similarly advanced faculty and laboratories will hopefully be sponsored by international corporation and investors. Step 5 : Staff recruitment of teaching staffs and technical administrators could be supplied by government or employed by independent board depending on the funding decision. Hierarchy of various units would be set as conventional university with bigger and well-equipped Chinese study department and clubs that conducted teachings and research for Chinese studies besides technological collaboration with foreign universities in space engineering and biotechnology. Other Information Due to shortage of time and funding, many ideas and details to establish one Chung Ling Tertiary College in Malaysia is a long-waiting process, that will serve as a vision for all Chinese particularly in Malaysia and the world. It is too reminded that it is possible to develop one semi-cultural Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia, with the awareness among all Chinese students of the contribution of Chinese to Malaysian society, where the young generation particularly Malaysian university students with Chinese backgrounds are encouraged to strive for success in individual professional careers, and gradually with the accumulation of sufficient knowledge and wealth that could make the ideas of establishing one Chung Ling University to be realised in the next 50 years. 20 19 PROPOSAL TO INVITE ESTABLISHMENT BRANCH CAMPUS OF CHUNG LING UNIVERSITY IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA The establishment of new institution of higher learning in certain district will benefit the local development; enable education particularly at the post-secondary level to be available to wider range of population up to the international level. Conventional procedures for new branch campus establishment are set by the university-administrators, whereas for the proposal special invitation is sent to the university as sincere invitation for educational and research partnerships conducted in selected areas as mentioned. TYPE OF INVITED COURSES The desired courses to be established in the proposed new campus tentatively limited to science and technology subjects at initial stage, namely Engineering, - chemical, mechanical, civil, electrical etc. and Science and Technology subjects like computer, pure physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, technology management, etc. DISTRICT FOR NEW CAMPUS ESTABLISHMENT The selected areas for the development of new branch campus are tentatively planned in the state of Penang, Malaysia with the encouragement from local authorities to establish a knowledgeable area in the state. More information of the best areas of educational and research investment could be found at and AUTHORITY FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW CAMPUSES IN MALAYSIA There are several procedures that may be varied from China in the establishment of new branch campuses. For such case special committee involving university administration especially those familiar with the systems in Malaysia will need to be formed. Tentative initial reference could be viewed at the website of Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia ( and Malaysian National Accreditation Council ( BASIC RECOMMENDED PROCEDURES For the establishment of new branch campus, there are recommendations that are worthwhile to be followed or adopted in the execution of the proposed plan. 1. University administration will receive the initial suggestions via proposal, request for further information via data collection. This preparation will take one year approximately for basic feasibility studies if suggestions are to be considered seriously. 21 20 2. Meetings among interested staffs, board of directors in overseas campus expansion are to be held from time to time under desired circumstances when the ideas are parallel to the direction of the university administration in university objectives and mission statement. 3. If agreed to proceed further then actual committee will be formed, planning for the academics (faculty), administration (government and accreditation bodies), site development (building contractor), enrolment (publicity) etc from time to time where marketing survey is conducted concurrently. 4. Judgment and campus expansion evaluation will be conducted in the process at the selected site with funding and communication at the corporate and government level. 5. In the case of the rejections of recommendation then further cooperative opportunity will be sought via Memorandum of Understandings (MoU), enable credit transfer, twinning and other student exchange programs to be available. INITIAL ESTIMATED COST For the establishment of new branch campus in the state of Penang, Malaysia, tentative costing for such educational institution expansion project is expected to be Ringgit Malaysia (RM) a million depending on the volume, capacity and size of the proposed campus. This will involve the following components : 1. Building renovation, construction and rental. 2. Academic development of course subjects and facilities 3. Institutional administration internal, staffing 4. Publicity 5. Other forms of support BENEFIT TO THE INVITED UNIVERSITY For those university administration that already have plan to expand its branch and business in other states or countries, this will be a good opportunity to proceed with further discussion to enable the education network expansion where the publicity of the campus is available. With the proper market survey then additional income from overseas is possible to be earned via educational business. Approved and more widely recognized science and engineering courses in various countries could be conducted in the new campus. BENEFIT TO THE LOCAL COMMUNITY Properly established university branches in certain area will open new business and employment opportunity for locals in restaurant, shopping centre and other services with 22 21 the increase of student population. Local community will have more college and subject choices toward qualifications at higher level. The increment of tertiary students in the areas will assist in promoting the knowledge society where the facilities like libraries, housing, transport etc could be further improved. EXTRA FACILITIES REQUIRED Since the branch campus conducts mainly science and engineering subjects mainly in future, a lot of extra science laboratories to be constructed near the branch campuses, partially sponsored by government and industries where such sponsored premises could be used for various industrial research project demonstration, normally in small scale, or used by government to conduct workshops for science fair projects at community level towards the development of Community Science Centre (CSC) in partnerships with local student welfare councils and libraries. EXPECTED NUMBER OF STUDENTS AND STAFFS Tentatively around 500 students of post-secondary levels are expected to be enrolled in the new branch campus. Additional 200 staffs ranging from professors, lecturers, technicians, administration officers etc are to be employed, mainly locals with significant proportions are from overseas. Additional 100 scientists and engineers too will be employed in the technological centre nearby the branch campus for undergraduate research practical training. SYSTEM OF BRANCH CAMPUS Timetable and grading systems for the courses offered in the university branch campus will follow the main campus, with office hour normally starting at 9:00 AM and ending at 5:00 PM from Monday to Friday. Holidays and cultural affairs will follow the local ways of celebration. Communication with main campus is conducted normally by computer with broadband internet laboratories inside and outside of campus. Certain course demonstrators will be shared with other local colleges with relevant qualifications on casual and contract basis. SUPPORTING FACILITIES IN COMMUNITY In order to establish new campus in the selected location, opportunity available for the university administration in the main campus to decide types of facilities required to be constructed by the government of Penang particularly the city councils to fulfill the needs of developing well-established university branch. Such special requirement will be fulfilled in collaboration with local developers in building new housing estates in the areas to accommodate the increasing number of student population in future, adjust the 23 22 public transport system by altering the route approaching the campus and increase the frequency of services during peak hours, construction of recreation centre like swimming pools, sport centre, shopping complexes in the areas near to the proposed site of branch campus. FEES AND SCHOLARSHIPS The fees to study in the branch campus rage between RM3,000 RM10,000 per semester for six month period normally) depending on subjects and course of study, with higher charges for workshops and laboratory subjects. However, some students maybe employed to work for industries or research institutes to cover the tuition fees. Fee waiver and scholarships will be provided by the university for high achievers. Students especially international students are allowed to work part-time less than 20 hours per week. Financial assistance will be provided for disabled or unfortunate students to complete the studies. EXAMINATION AND GRADING Semester system is normally followed as in the main campus with at least five invigilators sent by the main campus to supervise the whole examination processes conducted in the university branch campus. For distance learning program candidates, examination sometimes conducted outside the branch campus where accommodation will be provided for candidates with special needs or staying far away from the university branch campus. PROFESSIONAL APPROVAL Besides approved courses from the universities of main campus, local Malaysian accreditation bodies and professional organizations will be contacted to evaluate the courses and subjects provided in the university branch campus to ensure local content is included in the course subjects and comparable to other existing professional courses in Malaysia. EXPECTED SURVEY ON FACILITIES, COURSES AND POPULATION Initial target for new university branch campus towards quality science and engineering education provider is as below, in consideration of the competitiveness to attract high quality students to study science and engineering subjects in the new branch campus. Table : Expected Branch Campus Population 24 23 No Faculties No. of Courses No. of Students No. of Staffs Subject Example 1 Engineering mechanical, chemical, civil etc 2 Science physics, chemistry, math etc 3 Computer programming, hardware 4 Medicine pharmacy, biology 5 Social Science religion and moral T Total multidiscipline INTENTIONS AND OBJECTIVES The development of the introducing passage of the establishment of Chung Ling university branch campus in Penang, Malaysia will be able to commercialize the education systems conducted in Chung Ling university in Malaysia to student overseas, assisting the formation of alternative centre of education where Chung Ling university could take advantages to widen the network and market the quality education business throughout the world but not only limited to Malaysia. With the support from overseas networking in education, international partnerships in branding Chung Ling university could be considered that will ensure the graduates of the university are servicing in many professional sectors covering wider areas, for this case is expected for South East Asia educational market. BASIS ON THE BRANCH CAMPUS DEVELOPMENT OVERSEAS Due to the long history of development, Chung Ling High School has produced many high school leavers to universities, thereafter the graduates servicing in many sectors in Malaysia, ranging from engineering, business, law, social sciences in the last 20 years. Due to the competitive global environment to seek for high quality education to facilitate the development of the third world country like Malaysia towards Vision 2020, there is huge demand in looking for many accredited tertiary courses for Malaysian and the students from surrounding the country like Thailand and Indonesia that suit the requirement of the personal career and the job market in the area particularly in Penang, Malaysia. In order to be successful in attracting as many quality students to the campus of Chung Ling university expected situated in the Georgetown City area for long term survival and ensure continuous research efforts are placed towards future excellence, investment has to be placed in the publicity, facility development, research funding etc, utilizing overseas resources for the basic survey and development of the major campuses that could serve as alternative references for future more branch campus development in China, Africa etc. 25 24 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FACILITY IN CHUNG LING UNIVERSITY CAMPUS The proposed branch campus development should not be only limited to teaching and learning particularly at the undergraduate diploma and degree levels but also should consider in the development of research facilities in partnerships with local industries, similar to the form of multinational technology companies like Intel, BBraun, Seagate etc. Research institutes development to attract Malaysian and international grants should consider occupying advanced science and technology centres under the name of Chung Ling university, that could provide opportunities in the preparation of graduate students from current Chung Ling university campuses to conduct research project overseas as a part of joint-venture project with local Malaysian industries. This is part of the research consultancies developed by Chung Ling university management in advancing the capability of the research to the application in the overseas countries like Malaysia, utilizing cheaper natural resources but has direct relevance to the interest and application of the origin country Malaysia. This will be part of the efforts in the development of Chung Ling scientific research institutes that could attract local Malaysian grant provided by Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) and Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) Malaysia that could be part of the initiatives in the formation of Linkage International in collaboration with many international cooperation without limited by national boundary that could serve as an overseas Chung Ling research branch institutes attracting research funding over the selected region in Penang, Malaysia to run research project partnerships that could bring direct benefits with reference to Malaysian requirement as well. Chung Ling university, through the research commercialization department, could utilize the Chung Ling branch campus-linked research facilities in the technological business activities selling the patents of innovation from Malaysia to the required industries of international basis origin, namely from USA, Japan and also neighbouring countries, serving as agency of technological business for the region and office of intellectual exports from Malaysia. CONCLUSION The university administration should consider the opportunity provided in planting new educational centre if financially feasible as a part of investment program in the state of Penang, Malaysia, that is currently encouraging such new formation of colleges in collaboration with overseas and interstate partners. Welcome feedback. ESSAY SUBMISSION : OBJECTIONS AGAINST THE EXPANSION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PENANG UNIVERSITY (PU) AS A SOLE UNIVERSITY 26 25 SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ACADEMICS IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA Basis of Objectives Penang University (PU) one of the academic research institutes as research universities in Malaysia situated mainly in the state of Penang, Malaysia. The university has been producing great numbers of scientists and engineers in various levels, from undergraduates to postgraduates. However, the current rate of improvement particularly in the facility and human resource management etc will never be able to cater the requirement of the professional state of Penang when the country of Federal Malaysian government intended to achieve a truly advanced nation under Vision The percentage of professionals in the intelligent state will never be able to increase further competitive to other top scientific nations unless alternative institutions of higher learning of larger scale, competitive and even more sophisticated than the current outdated Penang University (PU), funded by Penang private rich citizens and industrial sectors of entrepreneurships. The question now will be about the availability of new systems to allow the collateral development and expansion of world class academics and industrial research universities towards modernization of the state education systems of tertiary levels with greater attraction of local talents, prepared with world class facilities and teaching resources for conduction of various competitive core subjects in various scientific disciplines, namely engineering and pure sciences in a better way that will be improved from time to time suitable for the students that scored excellent results in scientific disciplines particularly at high school for undergraduate levels and honours at postgraduate levels. Want, Need and Requirement of Alternative Universities in the State of Penang, Malaysia There are various reasons mentioned below will be sufficient to explain the urgent requirement of alternative and better-equipped governmental funded universities : (1) Poor university management on public basis in the state There will be many faults reported from the residents over the areas. Many systems of Penang University (PU) could not be able to accommodate large number of people especially the wealth of resources and facilities (2) Insufficient university members or professionals Many quality graduates and partnerships for members in the state, born locally will never be interested to service for the home country and state unless more funding is provided towards the development of more variety of varsity spaces and professionals, attracting the interests of external scientists. 27 26 (3) Low percentage of Professional Malaysian in Penang Complete fulfilment of Vision 2020 will require high number of intellects that could only be shaped when tertiary education facilities are provided sufficiently to recruit many youngsters to further study in the respected discipline of interest. Currently available sole governmental large scale research university will never be able to cope with the huge number of population that are waiting to be trained to undertake sophisticated professions that could meet the international standards. Other university branch campuses in the states could only provided limited placement for research works at postgraduate and postdoctorate levels, where most activities are concentrated mainly in the undergraduate levels. In comparison to other advanced nations like Singapore, Japan and Western developed nations, the island state of Penang that is also part of Malaysia as a third world developing country will never be able to fulfil the prerequisite of a truly developed nation in pace with the fast changing technological development unless sufficient rate of developmental plan towards formation of second and more international-based research universities are available particularly in the capital city of Georgetown or near the state international airport of Bayan Lepas or in the border of rural areas of tourist attraction of Batu Ferringhi etc. Philosophies for the Development of Alternative Large Scale Research Universities in the Island State of Penang Based on the performance of Penang University (PU)since the last thirty years of establishment, many human and instrumental factors have restricted the capacity of the local universities to accommodate larger student and researcher population to undertake many branches of study, ranging from law, business, engineering, sciences, accounting and many more that deemed required for better functional organization management system, attracting the foreign technological investment and scientific professions particularly the inborn to service for the state of Penang. Due to the increment of demand for advanced studies when the population continuously increase since independence, current university placement in the state of Penang will never be able to accommodate all the required in term of quantity and quality, with unacceptable rate of university graduate production although many university branch campuses have been established under the initiatives of many local and international professionals, with normally at least PhD qualification with vast academic and research background. When international competition is stressed more aggressive exploration of new knowledge for life improvement, thorough studies on the routes and models suitable for continuous varsity establishment of big scale would be required to facilitate future similar steps. Mission of Second Research University for Penang State of Malaysia The mission of developing big scale research university in the island state of Penang in Malaysia will be to enhance the tertiary and further advanced studies among the local 28 27 Penangites with definite proportion of placement available for foreign students. The development of alternative research varsities will be able to provide courses that are able to generate new forms of knowledge, assisting the transfer of technologies at a speed capable to be updated in many changing environment. The second varsity will intend to supersede the performance of existing universities and colleges in the state and surrounding areas, offering more comprehensive advanced studies opportunities with acceptable costs that could be funded privately, government loans and scholarships of whatsoever methods where money and placement vacancy will never be problems for those quality students to pursue advanced studies towards the gaining of necessary skills that could be applied directly for the community development of the state of Penang. The proposed alternative super-varsity would serve as a future model of international campus reflecting truly advanced Malaysian identity in the future. Visionary Second International University with High Class Research for the State of Penang, Malaysia The vision of the research university for the Penangite of second base would allow more thorough research studies in various professions particularly in science and technology. The proposed high class international university would be able to accommodate outstanding scientists, engineers, professors, lawyers etc to undertake research projects not only limited to the application of local but able to involve in the high quality contract of research from many world class technological companies and firms throughout the world with specially supporting facilities and talents to assist in the realization of the imaginary vision towards formation of the centre for scientific research renown throughout the world. Types of Research Institutes to be Established Under the plan of advanced nation state, the proposed second research university and the first high class talented research centres for the future state of Penang in Malaysia will include the followings : (a) Law research centres vast range of law journals and faculties of studies would assist the research and development (R&D) activities of surrounding university colleges to pursue further studies of master and doctorate levels after completion of first degree honour in law studies (b) Business analysis institute will work closely with firms to establish creatively new model of business management for the state and the world. (c) Advanced technology hub the research of world class quality will need to go through the special innovation department for commercialization and coordination of many research work facilitated by professors with world reputation 29 28 Other sectors would be available during the stages of development of advanced studies institute in the selected top class university. Scientific Research Studies In order to meet the current competitive demand of scientists and engineers in the state of Penang, Malaysia, quality science studies would need to be promoted since the high school levels where special state law would need to be imposed on those high school leavers, at Secondary Form 5 levels, compulsorily to undertake pre-university Form 6 studies under the state free education system, if they are qualified and without undertaking any full nor part-time professional studies after Secondary Form 5. Full entrance into job force without continuous professional studies for those qualified will be prohibited due to the expected high demands of university graduates and professional researchers that could handle internally and domestically-developed scientific research in the proposed high class university. In the movement towards the formation of proactive nation in modern technology, those very high quality secondary school leavers will be provided with scholarships and living support during the undergraduate life with annual review of performance. Holiday internships will be compulsory with research assistantship and industrial training opportunities. Philosophies for the Development of Highly Selected Top Class Malaysian University in the state of Penang, Malaysia Malaysia has many existing universities established with recruitment of mixed standard high school leavers. For the proposed high quality selected university that apply different enrolment systems that only allow true talent to be recruited as sponsored scholar, the proposed selected university would accommodate multiracial talents based on standards adopted by world class selected universities in the world lie Massachutes Institute of Technology (MIT), Harvard University, Princeton University, Oxford and Cambridge University etc. The proposed selected university will represent the fame of Malaysia and Penang with high quality academic and research activities available, comparable to world standard. Such giant project will be similar in term of scale to Petronas Twin Tower, Penang bridge, Bakun Dam etc that consisted of many world class research facilities that will attract the investment and pioneering projects from international technology companies. The most updated technology in comparison to Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) would be applied where the highly selected university would be able to support various updated advanced technology at truly luxurious and professional towards future demand, not only for domestic upper social levels but also for trans-national wealthy communities. The university will be the pool of true talents with many excellent supporting staffs of academic and research, committed scientists and professionals in many different disciplines and also students with very high intelligent and emotional quotients that will be selected among the best of the best throughout the region to support 30 29 the specialized programs of academically organized to refine the graduates that will represent Malaysia to overseas for student activities, research and development, academic quizzes, publication and conferences etc that will provide full opportunities to express the inherent skills to the world symbolizing the fame of Malaysia as a conducive land that will be able to produce top leaders in the world but not only in Malaysia alone. Prize-winning at international levels will always be guaranteed. Feature of Physical Aspects of the Selected Chung Ling University In term of infrastructure, selected university in Penang will be contributed by Penang government and private sectors with huge piece of land and excellent landscape design, matching the Eastern and Western geomancy concepts, that will incline towards attracting the best quality talent to be trained under the most conducive research and academic environments, with high collection of pool of talents in many professional areas required not only by Malaysia but throughout the world. Types of facilities equipped will be comparable to world class infrastructure ranging from libraries, research laboratories, lecture halls, student academic centres etc, similar to five star hotel and the institution of higher learning where the enrolment will only be opened to top achievers mainly in academic and co-curricular activities with very high competition in certain course and research placement, especially in medicine, engineering and law that many will be straight A students from high school that intend to pursue selected undergraduate courses. Features of certain advanced facilities are outlined as below : (a) Research and development centres The proposed advanced research and development (R&D) projects will be the top priority area with many research institutes and pilot plant set-up for postgraduates and honour research project training purposes, postdoctorate research fellowships project with renown research staff members especially the highly reputed professor recognized throughout the world but not only limited to the region. (b) Instrumental science laboratories All the scientific instruments would be maintained properly and frequently according to standard operating procedures. Individual research groups will be allocated with safety spaces of strategic settings desired for advanced research. 24 hour water supply and electricity will be guaranteed with specific back-up, will be ready for any potential mishaps that might cause the temporary shut down of water purification, wastewater and electricity management system. Zero accident will always be the target of good instrumental caring and management. (c) World class libraries This will be inclusive of searchable journals, papers and accessible broadband with very high speed internet system equipped with most updated technology. The digital library will be ale to purchase all sorts of reference books and material with billion of journal 31 30 paper collection ranging from science, engineering, accountancy, law, business etc, that will be used by the staffs of research institutes for project uses. Security smart card would be applied in borrowing and loan where safety measure on passwords would be ensured for the usage of interlibrary loan facilities and loan machinery, that will link with academic course details, student activities, club voting, laboratory bookings etc. Whatever book available in the world could be available by professors and staffs in charge. (d) Futuristic landscape setting All facilities like hops, sport playground, internet, laptop, swimming pool, religious centre, camping spaces are all included in the design of truly modern university campus with free internal bus station and boats only for certain staffs and students with special priority positions, like vice chancellor, dean of faculty, visiting student leaders etc. Only limited private transports would be allowed to access the campus with high parking cost and infringement fine for those disobey the transport rules. Air quality will be guaranteed with plantation of beautiful gardens. (e) Innovative Exhibition Centre Very high investment will be placed on setting up of special auditorium, museum and exhibition hall for publication and shows on most creative designs and invention, produced by Malaysian scientists throughout the world, whether inside or outside Malaysia. Grand commemorative ceremonies would allow the attendances of great professors scientists and technocrats with very high reputation to give talks in their respective areas of expertise every year. Statues of representing figures of Malaysian scientific world would be established, that will be praised for the modernization towards the status of advanced nation. The special instrumental settings in the exhibition hall will allow life science, invention of Malaysian tropical system to be modelled. This is similar to other industrial used research that will be added with safety control facility to operate the highly sensitive instrument applying the scientific concepts and ideas in the top Malaysian talents, serving as good models for high achievers pursuing different competitive courses in the high class selected Malaysian university. The exhibition hall will be used for many international scientific exhibitions as well. Staff Quality in Selected Top University in Malaysia In the mission towards achieving the level of world class university, flexible and fair staff promotion system would allow more competitive academic and research environment not only among the university professors but comparatively higher quality of papers, manuals, books and publication would need to be produced by top staffs of research in order to maintain the high quality and quantity of new scientific discoveries among the selected staffs. The professors of the proposed selected university will be able to supervise many students that are the top among the best, with unique academic disciplines that symbolize the excellent Malaysian-produced forefront scientific and social research throughout the 32 31 world. Most management staffs will be able to involve in scientific research more than teaching alone, with successful attraction of high volume research funding from many institutes that need advanced technology and techniques for pioneering and explorative projects mainly for commercialization. World s forefront research will also be available in the selected institution. Quality of Academic Staffs Many popular, influential and inspiring lecturers would be specially recruited with high salary at international rate, normally in United States Dollar (USD$) to conduct teaching and lecturing. Academic teams would need to produce many high quality texts, questions and answer database for lecture hall and online course uses. Updated discoveries would be included in teaching model especially those provided directly in Malaysian top class selected universities. International text version of various subjects like engineering, accountancy, business etc would be produced for many courses and subjects approved by the accredited professional bodies with memberships available for all relevant staffs. Thousands of questions database would be available for tutorial, problem-solving, online quizzes etc suitable for many tertiary subject areas with solutions of many creative but logically sound questions. Presentation methods would be analysed with high technology and sample but creative methods to attract the interest of high performers towards developing self-study and research skills in the pursue of individual subjects of interests. High quality club would be available for every student towards organization of world-class events with high value sponsorships. Role of Supporting Staffs In parallel to the branded top class university not only in the world for just a few years but sustain the staffs like technicians, general workers, office staffs etc should be well-trained with professional certificates on hand. In comparison to other universities and colleges, the pay of well-qualified supporting staffs will be much higher, normally calculated in the rate of United State Dollar (USD$), that should be able to perform many tasks of instrumental handling and maintenance, equipment and accessory repair, specialized and general clerical work. All staffs should be well-versed in English plus at least one alternative language like Malay, Mandarin, Japanese, French, Tamil, Arabic etc for handling different areas of jobs. This will be similar to many tasks that will normally be operated by machines with some manual handling required. Safety of university environment will be ensured where any unexpected accidents would be covered by the liability insurance for public, similar to other first world country. Frequent staff training will be available with apprenticeships opportunities that will assist in many cleaning, wiring and upgrading tasks. Characteristics of Selected Students 33 32 Malaysian selected university in Penang, Malaysia will open the enrolment typically for top students scoring straight As in different subject areas, with excellent co-curricular leadership roles at high school and other tertiary colleges, for undergraduate students, extra internal pre-screening examination will be compulsory in verbal and analytical skills before formal recruitment and interview for external sponsorships on full-time basis throughout the year of study. Due to the high fee in parallel to the quality of services and equipment in the university, apprenticeships opportunity to research work would be available not only in conducive study environment inside the selected university but also to overseas especially during the long period of holidays. Evaluation on semester basis would be conducted where the results would serve as reference for the continuation of study funds that require higher grade for passing in comparison to other non-selected institution of higher learning, with compulsory continuous excellent activity record in co-curricular, industrial and research leaderships training etc. Underperformed students would be distributed with warning letter before termination. Since the programs offered would be accepted and linked with many neighbouring universities, those students performed well in respective courses with passing in the pre-screening qualifying exams would be allowed to enrol flexibly in the selected university in Penang, Malaysia, that promote conducive studying and learning environment with many challenging programs. Similar level of punishment would be imposed on those performed below the pre-set grade where the minimum would be 10% higher than the conventional universities, with far more difficult examination questions in key professional disciplines in science, engineering, accountancy, law etc. The failure would need to be introduced to other non-selected university for continuing the study linked with previous course of study, allowing credit transfer of main professional subjects approved by external accreditation bodies, namely Engineering Council for engineering, Medical Science Council for medicine courses, part-time and after working hour study would be available online for continuous professional studies as well with self-study load to be equivalent with lecture presentation. Research studies would be compulsory throughout the course of whatever mode of studies. Opportunities Available for Selected Top Class Universities The ideas of establishing world class selected university in Penang, Malaysia, in fact are not something new but promoting excellent research and academic culture among university students and staffs representing Malaysian identity would need to be seriously considered for the future model of world-class selected university not only able to fulfil the requirement of general Malaysian public but also able to achieve world s standards that demand competitively advanced skills for many innovative projects that will also be the pioneers in the respective disciplines : (A) Increasing Demand in World Class Technology In the motion towards Vision 2020, Malaysia will require at least one representing selected high class university to deal with the increasing competition of new skills at the 34 33 global levels. Although it seemed unaffordable for current government to develop one costly selected university in Malaysia, such investment will be considered worthwhile when the instruments and facilities available could attract top talents to serve the nation with high salary package. In the long term saving, Malaysian government and public could save the cost to train our people overseas if such environment already exists in Malaysia. (B) Fame of Nation Malaysian is currently short of top ranking world class universities with high reputation above 30 in term of facility, quality of alumni, research capacity and volume etc, whereas there is only single research university in the state of Penang that cannot accommodate for the refined top ranking students in Malaysia and in the region. In term of infrastructure development, Malaysia has the world ranking tall building, long bridge, updated airport but the frontier technologies would only be properly grown in truly conducive research environment that would allow many advanced facilities of selected university in the state of Penang, Malaysia will allow flexible learning times to enable students to conduct independent research studies relevant to the disciplines of interest. Normally the cost of living among the students would be able to be fully covered by the part-time apprenticeships with research supervisor s approval, that assist in the development of frontier technologies for local and foreign uses as well. (C) Top Malaysian Talent Retention Methods Malaysian professionals are serving for many multinational companies throughout the world due to high salary and more convenient welfare for staffs. The promotional and funding opportunities could be higher in the selected university that has higher number of world class top students. The system could be specially formulated to retain the true talents to service at many departments with provision of very high salary, normally calculated in the United States Dollar (USD$), accommodated in hotel style office with apartment housing support for selected university executives comparable to other countries with high cost of living. Malaysian overall should be proud of the existence of the selected university that has high reputation that symbolize the fame o the nation. Excellent pool of talents could be the main focus, selected from the best among the best that will be assigned to work on many advanced scientific research project, assisting the university towards the development externally and internationally funded research projects. Advanced selected research university in Malaysia will be equipped with high technological instrument, with sufficient technical staffs of specialization to handle various funded industrial projects where the consultancy will be able to develop the internal research commodity for patenting and commercialization. Threats in the Development of Selected University in Penang, Malaysia Establishment of truly high class universities in third world developing country like Malaysia will be a problem due to the factors below : 35 34 (A) Economy and Limited Financial Supports World class university ideas could have been established in the mind of many intellects especially those professionals with advanced technical experience, for a long time, but assumed to be unrealizable due to economic distribution factors. Poling of whole resources towards the investment of single institution of advanced studies with research facilities would be problems on the land of Malaysia that is still lack of many supporting amenities or the research and development (R&D) projects, like highly purified water supply, constant but high efficiency electricity flow, suitable building and laboratories material that will need very high initial investment cost, that could be more than six times than the conventional university operations in the current Malaysian society. However, the high operational costs has been set back by the worthwhile return of initial investment where similar high quality research environment could be enjoyed in Malaysia. (B) Crash of Excellent Culture of Campus and Surrounding Environment The definition of intellectual capacity will be vastly different according to different context of culture and belief lie in the Malaysian society. The selectively excellent university in the proposal will be more Western-oriented that many Malaysian professional might not accept the concepts in the selection of truly excellent talents that symbolize the real identity of Malaysia. Diversified perception and worldview particularly in the difference between Christianity and Islam might posses several problems in the selection of staff, student and relevant facilities for the cultivation of highly intelligent varsity research environment where certain designed and desired campus social life and values might be totally contradicting to the existing external environment, that could cause some difficulties for the inborn excellent graduates to adapt and change the external campus environment while completed the study. The interpretation of talents, whether desired by the world following either the Western or Eastern tradition in the enrolment, training and graduation would be disputable when politics are involved. (C) Suitable Talents with Co-operative and Inventive Culture Creating a conducive environment desired by professionals of different backgrounds of culture, education, ethic, practises etc would require special consideration in the aspects of communication, languages and norm of social where crashes of beliefs in certain aspects of working and study life would be very frequent in the multiracial selected university environment that consists mainly of mature adults that experienced diversified environment of university academic and research. Accumulation of top quality talents of different properties without suitable cultivation will never make the selected university famous unless special analysis is conducted to study the optimum parameters that were desired for fair and balanced development of high quality talents that are able to meet the world class standard, becoming the leaders of world disciplines. The issues of racial, sexual and physical discrimination would need to be handled carefully when the disputes arise in various decision makings towards completion of advanced study and activity projects among the staffs and students, and the methods of tasks completion would need specific skills. 36 35 (D) Sufficient Qualified Staff Members and Supporting Personnel Many skills invented initially are originated from foreign Western countries normally, that sufficient personnel would be required to handle various instruments and techniques with high performance and accuracy in technology management. However, whether such specific skills could be learnt with frequent updates on new uses would depend on the availability of sufficient skilled workers that have undergone professional development training, and the efficiency on the design of new instrument would rely on the creativity of the staff that will be paid at international rates. However, demand towards well-disciplined technical staffs will be very high that will ensure the completion of tasks that many have direct impact on the excellent working culture with high internal campus quality standard of living in comparison to overall external environment. Diversified values and perception on performance would affect the desired work output and explorative professions as well. (E) Cost of Instrumental Maintenances Due to he lower cost of living of surrounding environment in comparison to internal campus, there is no guarantee that every excellent Malaysian students selected to the typical course could afford the high fees of course and service unless superior sponsors are available. There will be a question whether the supporters would fund a typical selected students for long terms, expected something of valuables could be obtained from the initial investment placed on out Malaysian genius students. How many foreign industries could afford such high cost towards the intellectual and professional development of foreign students could be questions, and whether the fair system exists towards the selection of enrolment of studies sometimes could be disputable especially among different racial and political groups that time-wasting debate on the percentage of enrolment could delay the selection process especially in the high demanding courses and research. Roles of Malaysian Selected Universities in World Arena As one of the largest and most refined pad of top talents for community of Malaysia, expectations from the sponsors, taxpayers and funding authorities for every professional and academic research departments would be very high in view of the absolutely very high investment placed on developing such facilities of world class quality. The responsibilities of the selected university will be the leaders of course syllabus planner with accreditation. Other Matters The description of the selection criteria for world class top university is tentatively drafted as above. Many detailed information would need to be added from time to time. The effort of establishing world class selected Malaysian university should be a continuous efforts and should be placed as a vision of Malaysian community that desired for representing excellent varsity renown throughout he world. 37 36 REFERENCES Website of Chinese Association of Victoria Incorporation : Website of Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) : Website of Dong Jiao Zong in Malaysia : Website of Han Chiang High School in Malaysia : Website of Han Chiang College in Malaysia : Website of Gerakan People Action Party of Malaysia : Website of Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) Malaysia : Website of Nanyang University of Technology Singapore : Website of New Era College in Malaysia : Website of Southern College in Malaysia : Website of Tunku Abdul Rahman University in Malaysia : Website of University Malaya in Malaysia : Reference website - (Final Paragraph, 11 March 2011) 38 37 Chung Ling College ( 钟灵学院 ) On October 26, 2007, the Board of Governors of the Tri-Chung Ling High Schools revealed that they had unanimously passed a motion during a recent meeting to form a tertiary institution as a complement to the Tri-Chung Ling High Schools. The Chairman of the Board, Dato' Oo Jooi Tee, noted that while the board had already approved the establishment, the plan would be on hold until necessary and relevant sponsorship could be found. However, he noted that this should not be difficult as there is great support for the establishment. Chung Ling College will first be established on the grounds of Chung Ling High School, Penang at Air Itam. However, it may be moved to larger, more suitable grounds when the need arises. [16] 16. Kwong Wah Yit Poh: 董事会通过决定钟灵拟办学院 October 26, Reference website (31 March 2011), (6 April 2011) 钟灵学院计划暂搁置余维智 : 技术问题不会气馁二零一零年十一月十一日凌晨十二时四十七分 ( 槟城 10 日讯 ) 因技术上出现问题, 钟灵三校董事会主席拿督余维智证实, 该会已暂时搁置申办钟灵学院计划! 他重申, 计划只是暂缓下来, 但不随意言弃 他接受 光华日报 独家访问时, 证实了这项消息 他表示, 该会是在 10 月 2 日董事会议中, 议决通过放缓申办学院的事宜 他进一步坦承, 早前董事会向市政局申请购买钟灵中学后方甘榜赛马达 (Kampung Shaik Madar) 作为建学院用途, 也于 2 个月前遭到市政局拒绝 虽然他不确定个中拒绝的原因, 但他强调, 这项搁置计划绝对和市政局购买土地失败无关 办学院不成, 和买不到后方地段是无关的, 当初决定购买有关地段, 纯属钟灵董事会保留作为钟灵中学他日发展用途, 未必用来建学院 申办学院的程序非常复杂, 也必须等待获得学院的准证后, 才能进一步决定建学院的地段 虽然建学院计划搁置, 但我们不会气馁而放弃, 只要时机成熟, 申办程序将再度启动 陈翰威 : 无意出售该地或建人民组屋就市政局不批准钟灵三校董事会购买甘榜赛马达地段一事, 槟岛市议员陈翰威受询时表示, 当局也是基于多方考量之下, 已经在会议上一致通过暂无意售卖上述土地 而其中一项重要的考量, 就是把有关地段列为人民组屋的规划范围 他说, 该处是属于市政局土地, 里头共有上百家租户, 如何让有关居民生活条件更好才是重点 民联政府绝对支持华教的发展, 但我们认为, 应用在对人民更有利的用途为首要的计划 39 38 虽然具体的规划方案还未成形, 但不排除会以新加坡组屋作为参考样本, 居住环境和条件绝对要比打枪埔组屋优质 Reference website (31 March 2011) 南洋大学校友业余网站 从钟灵学院指日可待谈起 南笛 槟城的光华日报 2009 年 9 月 26 日新闻 : 钟灵有限公司成立了, 是钟灵董事部筹办钟灵学院麦开的第一步 早在 1992 年已故丹斯里骆文秀, 已故拿督王富金 林锡猷局绅 拿督余维智 拿督胡由凤及拿督温子开等, 曾发动向教育部申请成立 钟灵学院, 但是没获得批准 二年前, 在各地校友的支持下, 董事部再次提出筹办钟灵学院, 更成立了筹务小组 钟灵学院的筹办大计, 在第一时间已获得槟州民政党槟州主席拿督丁福南的回响, 促进民联政府拨地协助钟灵学院建院, 除外, 民政党也表明将全力给予支持, 特别是协助钟灵有限公司向高级部申请办学执照, 以期钟灵学院早日落实 2010 年 2 月 2 日新闻 : 钟灵学院寻求校地一事终有眉目, 目前钟灵董事部已 相中 一块校地, 并正式向州政府提出申请 不过, 非正式消息来源透露, 钟灵董事会所点中的校地就坐落在学校后方的空地, 有传这块校地为州政府所有, 而市政局有意保留作为商业用途, 无意转让给钟灵董事会, 作为兴建学院用途 钟灵学院是在二年前在各地校友的支持下, 由董事部再次提出筹办钟灵学院, 更成立了筹务小组 筹备工作刻在按步就班地进行 钟灵中学是槟城以至全马来西亚国的名中学, 它的校友之中, 人才济济, 南大的校友如郑奋兴 刘宗正二位博士, 是来自钟灵中学 现任或前任新加坡政府有一位部长, 是钟灵毕业生 依我看, 钟灵学院指日可待 接着申办钟灵大学, 完成已故陈充恩校长的遗志 Reference website (6 April 2011) 泛青煙 9 月 30 号, 9:51 PM 40 39 怎么身為鐘靈校友的貴黨主席和副主席當政時沒熱心幫忙創立和批地給鐘靈學院而反而大力推薦非法的擯城馬場城中城計劃? 好啦, 現在被選民唾棄啦, 沒事干啦就在一旁語無倫次? 锺灵笑友 10 月 8 号, 11:15 AM 上面两位是白痴还是公子屁股的两条虫? 锺灵要建学院是最近的事, 是 308 之后的事, 前朝怎么协助啊? 两位屁虫真的是要 PLP 也找不到门路 羞! 泛青煙 10 月 8 号, 3:46 PM 這個锺灵笑友真的是笑死人, 沒做功課, 早在 1992 年已經開始籌備锺灵學院了, 丁褲男和阿根哥在那里呢? 1992 到 2008 年間丁褲男和阿根哥在睡覺嗎? 怎么沒熱心的幫忙鐘靈校友和董事會們積極的籌備和成立锺灵學院呢? 怎么沒大方的給地皮? 當權是耳聾, 失業時發瘋, 我呸! 钟灵有限公司成功注册了, 这对槟州甚至北马民众来说, 可说是一个喜讯 钟灵有限公司不是一般的贸易公司, 而是延伸华教, 百年树人的教育投资 注册成立有限公司, 是钟灵董事部筹办钟灵学院迈开的第一步 钟灵中学创校 80 多年来, 造就人材遍布世界各地, 可谓桃李满天下 ; 早在 50 年代, 当年的校长陈充恩就曾提出日后成立 钟灵大学 的宏愿 据知, 早在 1992 年已故丹斯里骆文秀, 已故拿督王富金 林锡猷局绅 拿督余维智 拿督胡由凤及拿督温子开等, 曾发动向教育部申请成立 钟灵学院 惟没获得批准 2 年前, 在各地校友的支持下, 董事部再次提出筹办钟灵学院, 更成立了筹务小组 钟灵董事部主席拿督余维智局绅说, 筹办学院的工作, 如筹款 觅地及课程等等 都须等待召开赞助人大会之后才有具体的行动 尽管如此, 钟灵学院 的筹办大计, 第一时间已获得政党的回响, 民政党马上就抢得头彩, 槟州民政党槟州主席拿督丁福南, 第一时间促进民联政府拨地协助钟灵学院建院, 除外, 民政党也表明将全力给予支持, 特别是协助钟灵有限公司向高级部申请办学执照, 以期钟灵学院早日落实 虽然也有人担心, 私立学院会供过于求, 因此钟灵学院的课程是必须有更周详的设计, 以期更具吸引力及竞争力 有人认为, 钟灵杰出的校友, 医科人材最多, 最适合开办医学系, 也有人建议生物科技是未来的大热门, 以钟灵校友人材济济, 该也不是难事 ; 更有人建议工程系或药剂系等 大家都对钟灵学院寄以厚望 钟灵董事部目前已正式向国内外杰出校友及热心校友发出邀请函, 希望汇集世界各地杰出校友的智慧与财力, 成立强大的咨询顾问团, 作为钟灵学院有力的后盾 相信在董事部的积极行动, 政党人士的协助, 校友的支持, 热心教育的槟城人的一呼百应之下, 钟灵学院是指日可待的 Reference website (6 April 2011) 41 40 为了使钟灵办校理念更上一层楼, 钟灵董事会于 2007 年 8 月议决创办 钟灵学院, 并成立创办学院十五人小组负责策划一切有关创院事宜 小组成员为 : 余维智 ( 主任 ), 王炳耀, 蓝武昌, 陈友光, 郭显荣, 胡由凤, 温子开, 谢有吉, 陈锦华, 郭盛隆, 骆南辉, 黄坤荣, 方崃兴, 胡万奔, 谭匡智. Reference website (6 April 2011) 钟灵学院指日可待 by Eternal Tri-Chung Ling Alumni 不朽的三校钟灵校友会 on Saturday, October 17, 2009 at 11:36pm 钟灵学院指日可待二零零九年九月二十六日下午四时五十一分 文 : 吴凤美 钟灵有限公司成功注册了, 这对槟州甚至北马民众来说, 可说是一个喜讯 钟灵有限公司不是一般的贸易公司, 而是延伸华教, 百年树人的教育投资 注册成立有限公司, 是钟灵董事部筹办钟灵学院迈开的第一步 钟灵中学创校 80 多年来, 造就人材遍布世界各地, 可谓桃李满天下 ; 早在 50 年代, 当年的校长陈充恩就曾提出日后成立 钟灵大学 的宏愿 据知, 早在 1992 年已故丹斯里骆文秀, 已故拿督王富金 林锡猷局绅 拿督余维智 拿督胡由凤及拿督温子开等, 曾发动向教育部申请成立 钟灵学院 惟没获得批准 2 年前, 在各地校友的支持下, 董事部再次提出筹办钟灵学院, 更成立了筹务小组 钟灵董事部主席拿督余维智局绅说, 筹办学院的工作, 如筹款 觅地及课程等等 都须等待召开赞助人大会之后才有具体的行动 尽管如此, 钟灵学院 的筹办大计, 第一时间已获得政党的回响, 民政党马上就抢得头彩, 槟州民政党槟州主席拿督丁福南, 第一时间促进民联政府拨地协助钟灵学院建院, 除外, 民政党也表明将全力给予支持, 特别是协助钟灵有限公司向高级部申请办学执照, 以期钟灵学院早日落实 虽然也有人担心, 私立学院会供过于求, 因此钟灵学院的课程是必须有更周详的设计, 以期更具吸引力及竞争力 42 41 有人认为, 钟灵杰出的校友, 医科人材最多, 最适合开办医学系, 也有人建议生物科技是未来的大热门, 以钟灵校友人材济济, 该也不是难事 ; 更有人建议工程系或药剂系等 大家都对钟灵学院寄以厚望 钟灵董事部目前已正式向国内外杰出校友及热心校友发出邀请函, 希望汇集世界各地杰出校友的智慧与财力, 成立强大的咨询顾问团, 作为钟灵学院有力的后盾 相信在董事部的积极行动, 政党人士的协助, 校友的支持, 热心教育的槟城人的一呼百应之下, 钟灵学院是指日可待的 摘自光华日报 : Reference website (6 April 2011) 陈智铭抨丁福南藉锺灵学院攻击政府二零零九年九月二十七日凌晨十二时三十二分 ( 威南 26 日讯 ) 公正党高渊区国会议员陈智铭抨击民政党槟州主席拿督丁福南医生, 尽管身为锺灵校友, 但却借着锺灵学院事件来攻击槟州政府, 有损锺灵声誉 也是锺灵生的陈智铭国会议员是针对丁福南医生促州政府拨地建锺灵学院事件, 在记者会如此指出 他说, 锺灵学院的发展计划早有概念, 只是尚未落实而已, 但是, 令人遗憾的是, 身为锺灵生的丁福南却借着政党的名誉, 对槟州民联政府在此事件上加以攻击 他说, 丁福南在国阵执政槟州时, 曾担任过行政议员及市政局主席, 但是, 却未见对锺灵学院的关注, 或设法协助锺灵觅地, 现在却发表评论 陈氏说, 槟州民联政府在执政 1 年半期间内, 已经规划出地段做为教育学校的发展用途, 同时, 也常年拨款 450 万令吉协助各源流学校及宗教学校的发展, 然而, 相反的, 国阵执政期间, 却对州内华教毫无建树 他劝请丁医生应该进一步了解槟州政府在协助锺灵学院方面的努力, 然后才来发表, 以免误导群众, 以免让本身母校的声誉受损 光华日报 - 世界历史最悠久的民营华文报光华电子新闻版权所有 Kwong Wah e-newspaper. All rights reserved by Kwong Wah Yit Poh Press Berhad =================================== 43 42 民政党促州政府拨地建钟灵学院二零零九年九月二十五日凌晨十二时十一分 ( 槟城 24 日讯 ) 槟州民政党促请州政府拨出峇都交湾桂花镇 (Bandar Cassia) 内至少 20 英亩土地, 以协助建立钟灵学院用途 民政党槟州主席拿督丁福南说, 总面积 6326 英亩的桂花镇是作为住宅 商业 开放式体育馆 工业 学院及娱乐休闲用途, 因此, 州政府可通过槟州发展机构拨地建立钟灵学院 他说, 槟州首长林冠英也在去年 6 月宣布 州政府将拨出 8 块土地作为教育用途, 因此民政党建议州政府将桂花镇教育用途保留地, 拨给钟灵有限公司以作为创办钟灵学院用途 州政府公布要拨地予华校 宗教学校及淡校一事已经逾 1 年, 因此希望州政府能通过实际行动, 协助钟灵有限公司创办学院 他是于周四在民政党总部召开记者会时, 如是指出 出席记者会者包括 : 副秘书吴竞诚 青年团团长胡栋强及宣传及资讯及通讯局秘书涂仲仪 他说, 民政党也会全力协助钟灵有限公司创办钟灵学院, 特别是向高教部申办执照 我相信, 钟灵学院并不是以盈利为主的学院, 因此, 州政府应该极力协助创办钟灵学院 他说, 钟灵中学一直以来在教育工作上扮演重要角色, 为国家培育英才 因此, 他认为槟州政府及各界人士应该尽力协助, 以早入落实这所学院, 并惠及全马学生以接受具有素质的高等教育 Reference website 民政党促州政府拨地建钟灵学院 (6 April 2011) 民政党促州政府拨地建钟灵学院 ( 槟城 24 日讯 ) 槟州民政党促请州政府拨出峇都交湾桂花镇 (Bandar Cassia) 内至少 20 英亩土地, 以协助建立钟灵学院用途 44 43 民政党槟州主席拿督丁福南说, 总面积 6326 英亩的桂花镇是作为住宅 商业 开放式体育馆 工业 学院及娱乐休闲用途, 因此, 州政府可通过槟州发展机构拨地建立钟灵学院 他说, 槟州首长林冠英也在去年 6 月宣布 州政府将拨出 8 块土地作为教育用途, 因此民政党建议州政府将桂花镇教育用途保留地, 拨给钟灵有限公司以作为创办钟灵学院用途 州政府公布要拨地予华校 宗教学校及淡校一事已经逾 1 年, 因此希望州政府能通过实际行动, 协助钟灵有限公司创办学院 他是于周四在民政党总部召开记者会时, 如是指出 出席记者会者包括 : 副秘书吴竞诚 青年团团长胡栋强及宣传及资讯及通讯局秘书涂仲仪 他说, 民政党也会全力协助钟灵有限公司创办钟灵学院, 特别是向高教部申办执照 我相信, 钟灵学院并不是以盈利为主的学院, 因此, 州政府应该极力协助创办钟灵学院 他说, 钟灵中学一直以来在教育工作上扮演重要角色, 为国家培育英才 因此, 他认为槟州政府及各界人士应该尽力协助, 以早入落实这所学院, 并惠及全马学生以接受具有素质的高等教育 Reference website - (Proposal for Chung Ling Tertiary College) Prepared by Kang Chuen Tat ( 江俊达 ) ( 在建立钟灵大学学院方面, 我有几项建议关于提升准备方面的工作进展过程, 这个时候所须考虑的是如何在马来西亚槟城岛建立一间在未来会闻名于世的精英优秀大专院校的程序, 效果方面成功失败都是不大重要的 第一是希望钟灵大学筹委能够设立一个专业化网站把钟灵大学学院进展报告与论坛收集起来以便日后随时都可以拿来让有兴趣义务帮忙设立钟灵大学学院大学的人作参考跟进一步 第二是大学筹委现在可以通过此专业化网站开始找人才收集有大学学士硕士博士资格的专才复历日后决定未来钟灵大学学院会有多少系院科系与研究院 第三是钟灵大学筹委可以欢迎国内外专业研究义务者及邀请大学学术专才提供演讲让老师学生与所有公众人士都可以参与其盛, 尤其是回国回州的钟灵的校友可以乘着假期通过电脑大银幕在大礼堂或演讲室发表本身的专业学术界研究报告, 并且讨论日后参与未来钟灵大学学院合作的可能性及了解任何在成立精英优秀大学需要帮忙的地方 SPECIFIC DEPARTMENTAL PROPOSAL FOR CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE : CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 45 44 INTRODUCTION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT IN CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA This paper proposes the establishment of a Chemical Engineering Department to coordinate and further develop the many activities in chemical sciences and engineering technology at Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia. The aims of the Department are to: act as a focal point for campus activities in chemical engineering so that these can be presented to those outside the University in a co-ordinated way; provide a high quality multi-disciplinary approach to education and research in chemical engineering; provide a central focus for chemical engineering teaching at Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia; promote vocational training and education in chemical engineering studies, initially at postgraduate level and later at undergraduate level; promote the teaching and research activities of specialised chemical sciences and biotechnological engineering; encourage new initiatives in developing an holistic approach to the study of the chemical engineering. To achieve these aims, the Department will : administer a new Chemical Engineering Master s Programme and promote teaching initiatives at undergraduate and postgraduate level and post experience training for Continuing Professional Development; maintain direct links to existing Faculties and research centres which are well - established such as Faculty of Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and research institutes under Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia; establish a web page with links to all Centres, Institutes and Departments on campus involved in environmental science or related issues. This proposal is not intended to affect the publicity, research or training activities of any existing group. Rather, the Centre will promote Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia a Centre of Excellence in Chemical Engineering. Organisation and Management of the Department Reputed professional chemical engineer (that will be appointed latter) will be the head of department and will take academic responsibility for the Department within the Chemistry Department and of the Science and Engineering Faculty. There will be a deputy head of the Department, reporting to the dean and head of department and responsible for administration of the Department and the Certificate, Diploma, Degree, Master and PhD s programme. A steering group consisting of staff from a number of Departments and Centres across campus will guide the operation and future development of the Department. A committee will be formed to oversee the preparation of the Chemical Engineering programme. This committee is strongly in favour of the establishment of the Department. 46 45 Funding of the Department The existing chemistry and chemical engineering research projects are funded directly to the Faculty of Engineering and currently supports a Research Associate. If the Department is established, she would assume the role of Executive Officer and be funded by the revenue surpluses projected for the Department. Even with a relatively modest student intake, the projected profits are RM29,063 in the first year rising to RM34,819 in year 5. These profits will be sufficient to pay the salary of the Executive Officer for a five year period. If the programme fails to attract the student numbers shown in the attachment, this post will cease to exist and the Department s future will be reviewed. However, as these are modest projected student numbers it is believed that there is a potential to generate much more profit than that shown. The Department's progress will be monitored by the Science and Engineering Faculty; every three years the Dean will review the Department in consultation with the steering group. ANNEX BACKGROUND Activities in environmental science at Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia : Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia currently supports a number of initiatives in the chemical engineering technology, normally conducted in collaboration with Faculty of Sciences Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology and Faculty of Engineering. Many individuals, Departments, Centres and Institutes throughout the Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia have a strong interest in chemical engineering through both their research and teaching activities. These activities are spread across all three Faculties within the University and at present have no central focus. The establishment of a Department will encourage and strengthen collaboration in chemical engineering across campus. The project may identified 56 modules at postgraduate level in Chemical Engineering or related topics currently being offered at Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia. In addition, expected response to an survey of Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia staff may identify 85 members of staff on campus with an interest in chemical engineering or closely related topics. The new MSc in Chemical Engineering programme in addition to other chemical engineering program, developed under the Faculty of Engineering project, uses existing modules offered by a large number of departments. MISSION STATEMENT Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia Chemical Engineering Department strives to prepare chemical engineers particularly Bachelor of Engineering graduates to successfully and safely practice the chemical engineering profession, to engage in 47 46 life-long personal and professional development, and to contribute to the betterment of their community and society. PROGRAM OBJECTIVES The proposed chemical engineering department for Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia may provide : a sound base in chemistry, mathematics, physics, biology and computer sciences; an opportunity to explore advanced disciplines pertinent to career choice; the opportunity and training to develop the written and oral communication skills of a practicing engineer; an opportunity to participate on multidisciplinary teams; a solid foundation in the fundamentals of chemical engineering science, design, and practice; the opportunity to develop and comprehend professional and ethical behaviour, to develop and understanding of the humanities and social sciences and to develop the skills to engage in life-long learning PROGRAM OUTCOMES The ability to : apply a knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering; design and conduct experiments, and analyse and interpret data from experiment or pilot operations; design a unit operation or chemical process to specifications; function on multidisciplinary teams; identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems; communicate effectively; use techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for the practice of chemical engineering; The understanding of : professional and ethical responsibility, the impact of engineering solutions in a global and societal context, the need to engage in lifelong learning, and an ability to do so and also contemporary issues. 48 47 CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT MALAYSIA PROPOSAL ABSTRACT AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The proposed Engineering Pilot Plant for the state of Penang, Malaysia (PEN-EPP) will centralize all research institutes attached to the Malaysian government and multinational companies into one multipurpose complex that share the same facilities at different assigned sections based on individual scientific research disciplines. Total allocation required to build the facilities, as starting cost, is estimated to be Malaysian Ringgit Eight Millions with annual operating cost for the following years up to Malaysian Ringgit Five Millions. This is a rough estimate to construct a pilot plant that could be able to accommodate all research institutes and research collaborators in the state of Penang, Malaysia. More accurate proposal will only be available after detailed discussions with the relevant governmental and industrial partners for the state of Penang, Malaysia. DISCLAIMER The report was prepared as an account sponsored privately and on personal initiatives of volunteer. Neither the management of Malaysian government nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by tradename, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the Malaysian government, or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the Malaysian government or any agency thereof. STATEMENT OF SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) As one of the loyal staffs of government of Penang, Malaysia, I would like to express my deep support towards the establishment of centralised research institute in the state. However, more details still need to be reviewed to confirm the feasibility of the ideas. SUPPORTED BY : (signature) POSITION : STAFF DATE : 3 JUNE 2006 TIME : 5:00 PM I have been studying engineering degree for 4 years and currently I am doing my PhD in Robotic Technology. I will be happy if I am able to work as a postdoctorate fellow in the proposed Engineering Pilot Plant. SUPPORTED BY : (signature) POSITION : POSTGRAD 49 48 DATE : 5 JULY 2006 TIME : 12:00 PM Thank you for the interview. Engineering Pilot Plant in the state of Penang, Malaysia should be an ideal place for my company to expand my business. I will surely obtain the new facilities from the plants when it is ready for us as investors. SUPPORTED BY : (signature) POSITION : INDUSTRIALIST DATE : 13 DECEMBER 2006 TIME : 12:00 PM STATEMENT OF PROPOSED PEN-EPP The mission of the proposed PEN-EPP is to produce a conducive environment for multidisciplinary scientific study for laboratories in the state of Penang that are able to provide quality and sophisticated training for students and staffs with diversified scientific background, centralise the creativity, knowledge and talents in the proposed multidisciplinary university-linked research institutes for the benefits of the society in producing high quality products and for complete research education training purposes in science and technology. The vision of the proposed PEN-EPP is to produce top-class scientists that posses the capability by utilizing the advanced methods and facilities that are able to produce world class scientific research outcomes to meet the high quality standard of popular research institutions not only in Malaysia but also throughout the world via various collaborative projects among international and local governmental bodies and commercial partners. INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT FOR THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) Pilot plant is considered a building that is normally used by industry to upscale various research and development laboratories processes, occupied by university, industrial and commercial research scientists to produce certain laboratory products for larger scale analysis, to conduct various optimization processes in specified designed facilities for better profits and services that could be one of the competitive factors for continuous sustenance among the technological companies to meet the challenges in scientific entrepreneur environment. The pilot plant proposed here will be situated at several distances away from the existing industrial laboratories for safety reasons. The management of the Malaysian government that will handle the PENEPP operations in future in collaboration with existing industrial partners will be latter when the profitable research and development projects being assigned to the research teams of the state government of Penang, Malaysia after a certain period when the PEN-EPP plan is confirmed with proper assignment. 50 49 THE NEEDS FOR ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT FOR THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) For most research conducted by the industries in the state of Penang, Malaysia particularly in the research of chemistry, biochemistry and engineering processes, most of the approved research projects are conducted outside of the state and even outside of Malaysian laboratories. There are several reasons for the urgent needs of such proposed pilot plant for the state of Penang, Malaysia at this time, particularly due to the availability of industrial grants either from government or private sectors particularly from international companies that need to be spent in the field of research and development (R&D) under competitive circumstances, as a part of technological investment towards sustainability of technological-based organizations. Competition to attract huge sum of research grants among the universities in Malaysia and the world has urged most research laboratories and industries, particularly those of scientific and technological basis, to invest large portion of research grant to build necessary plants, laboratories and more complete facilities to enable diversified scientific research projects to be conducted by professors and scientists of the universities as one of the major source of income. The available facilities that could be invested in future could be used not only for external commercial and industrial processes but also for postgraduate and undergraduate research training purposes, that could be used as one of the marketing tools for the state and universities in the state of Penang, Malaysia to attract quality science students and researchers to study and perform advanced research in the state of Penang, Malaysia. The establishment of pilot plant in chemistry research projects particularly could provide additional spaces for staff training and professional development purposes at various level, from top level professors to the undergraduates groups particularly from those engineering background that are ready to go for industrial practical training as one of the requirement of passing the engineering degree coursework, whereas industrial scientists and engineers could be able to perform top class advanced research for multinational and local Malaysian research institutes. Most of the internal research seminars, particularly the presentation of postgraduates, postdoctorates and professional scientists could be conducted in proposed PEN-EPP as a centralised Penang state government research centres, minimum once a month of which the quality and progress of the advanced research in the state of Penang, Malaysia could be judged and evaluated by professors and research directors, for further updates and directional inputs. PEN-EPP will be a good place to train particularly research students to present their research outcomes at a more conducive research environment, alternative to the existing university and industry presentation hall. Even undergraduates, secondary college students and kids could apply the space available in PEN-EPP, proposed situated in Teluk Bahang or Batu Ferringhi, Penang, Malaysia, to present their coursework related scientific research and educational science fair not only benefit the primary, secondary, college, university and self-study students overall but also the whole education and general community. Simulation of actual industrial process will inevitably provide a better study environment for the understanding of basic scientific research concepts. This 51 50 is one of the non-commercial aspects of pilot plant to produce quality graduates and scientists to meet the requirement of industry. SITE SELECTION FOR ENGINNERING PILOT PLANT IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) The proposed PEN-EPP will be situated in a piece of land owned by the management of the the state of Penang, Malaysia as a part of investment for the excellences in the research and development (R&D) of science and technology. The proposed site to build the engineering pilot plants in addition to the currently available facilities in the various industrial estates in Penang state, particularly in Bayan Lepas, Prai etc, that are deemed insufficient to meet the available standards for quality research in the field especially in chemistry, biotechnology, engineering and other branches of science. The facility available in University Science Malaysia could be graded as insufficient to meet the demand of the international competitive research environment, and that is the reason that the technology of the state of Penang, Malaysia is still far lag behind of the advanced nations like Japan, Singapore and United Kingdom, not only in chemical technology and other field of engineering but overall inclusive of tertiary down to primary education where the shortage of sufficient facilities and lack of quality scientists particularly in University Science Malaysia to be a good role model in advancing the standard of living and quality of education to meet the demand of the state and the country as well. It also cannot be denied that the insufficient university placement for the science and engineering students in public tertiary education centres is due to the defect policy and bureaucracy of the government of Malaysia in handling the education particularly at advanced technology and tertiary education since independence in 1957, and many times almost causing racial tension among various races in Malaysia where the enrolment of students in public tertiary education centre and recruitment and promotion of scientific staffs particularly in public sectors are based on physical discriminative basis and individual subjective favour of higher government officers rather than merit and contribution of individual staff members in the advanced scientific centres owned by Malaysian government. The proposed new centralised research laboratories will be located and situated near a huge piece of land in Batu Ferringhi and Teluk Bahang. There are several reasons that Teluk Bahang and Batu Ferringhi site is selected in comparison of other locations : Reason one : Shortage of land and building in the industrial estate Most industrial companies and existing university in Penang, Malaysia although consists of most scientific research facilities, unfortunately due to its location quite near to commercial premises and private buildings for living, the performance of large scale laboratory works, especially in the field of chemistry, biochemistry and nuclear physics might be too dangerous to be performed due to various safety issues concerned. Large advanced equipment for experiments are especially difficult to be applied in currently small laboratories located in industrial estate areas in Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia. The condition of congestions, non-systematic nature of current laboratories in most 52 51 laboratories in many existing varsities may possess occupational hazards to the researchers in addition to the current shortage of equipment to conduct advanced research. Increasing the space volume in research laboratories, particularly by rearranging the settings of current laboratories in many state varsity campuses, conducting cooperative cleaning, refurbishing current equipment and repairing and recycling currently damaged equipment, portion of which could be redirected for the use in proposed PEN-EPP in Batu Ferringhi, could help to fully utilize the current equipment in more diversified research projects in well-planned location and reduce the dependence of Penang University of Technology to other existing research institutes in Penang, Malaysia and other neighbouring research universities when the state varsities are ready to conduct their own independent and significant research that could fully bring fame and direct publicity on the excellent research capabilities of the university. Reason two : Large area in Batu Ferringi / Teluk Bahang Area Batu Ferringhi and Teluk Bahang are towns of Penang state Malaysia situated near the remote areas where large piece of land will be available for construction of advanced research facilities. Most of the land still could be available to construct laboratories, large chemicals and utilities store rooms, equipment repair workshops, multipurpose research libraries, guest house and additional seminar centres under the management of PEN-EPP. Although the location of PEN-EPP is quite remote and far away from other university branches and tertiary colleges, particularly spatial car parks could be altered for public transport uses where all inter-campus buses operate quite frequently between the campuses of different university colleges, linking the facilities and systems towards the mission as giant research institutes. The beautiful natural scenery could be helpful for the inspiration of researchers, particularly for those working in natural sciences. Reason three : Retain and attract quality postgraduates to work in the university environment Complete research building and facility for Penang Engineering Pilot Plant (PEN-EPP) could help to promote research culture in the the state of Penang, Malaysia especially among developing tertiary colleges whether big or small or publicly or privately owned where Batu Ferringhi is used as starting point. The availability of Penang owned large scale centralised research laboratories with systematic setting that meet the standard of commercial research laboratories could help the colleges and universities in the state of Penang, Malaysia to attract more funding from grant sponsors and to advertise the research capabilities of the state of Penang, Malaysia, particularly to Malaysian and international research partners. Postgraduates and undergraduates are not necessary to conduct research projects for first degree, master and PhD in the existing public and private tertiary education centres but professors could apply the facilities available in PEN-EPP for similar objectives. Proposed PEN-EPP in Batu Ferringhi will function as other research institutes particularly in Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) and commercial laboratories with the difference is that PEN-EPP is fully owned by state government, colleges and universities of Penang as internal collaborative research centre. Reason four : Scientific research facility upgrading for the state of Penang, Malaysia 53 52 The state government of Penang, Malaysia could take the opportunity to upgrade the status as an advanced scientific research island and state. Large proportion of funding will be available for research projects and facility upgrading if PEN-EPP is successfully established. Diversified postgraduate coursework and research programs, continuous industrial professional development and staff courses for managers and research management teams of technological companies will be available in the pilot plant. PEN-EPP is able to promote university-industrial partnership initiatives via more frequent communication with business partners. The landscape and roles of The Penang Engineering Pilot Plant (PEN-EPP) could be enhanced not only limited to low class university, colleges and technical institutes that used to train technical work force to Malaysian society but could be improved towards scientific research excellencies that could be comparable to the standard of current top research universities in the world. Reason five : Attraction for visitor to view the excellences of Malaysian and Penang local advanced technologies PEN-EPP will be able to attract large funding if facilities are very complete. It will be a new research centre situated near the remote areas that could help the local development of the rural areas of the state of Penang, Malaysia. The exhibition centre in PEN-EPP will symbolize the high standard of Malaysian and local Penangite technology and scientific research, under a well-planned research infrastructure. SAMPLE LAND FOR BUILDING PEN-EPP IN THE BORDER OF TELUK BAHANG AND BATU FERRINGHI, PENANG, MALAYSIA ID NUMBER LOCATION PRICE PSF PRICE SIZE IN ACRE NOTE 9337 Teluk Bahang RM8,000,000 RM Both sides of main road island. Undulating, hilly and flat. Durian & rubber with small stream 9144 Teluk Bahang RM3,990,000 RM Teluk Bahang land 5 km before topical fruit farm. By the main road. RM 85k per acre, split sale also consider. RM 85k per acre 963 Batu Ferringhi RM410,000 RM ,150 sq feet. prime bungalow land opposite golden sand hotel. Existing neighbourhood are new houses NOTE : PSF : PER SQUARE FEET, LOCATION : IN PENANG ISLAND, MALAYSIA PROPOSED LAND AGENTS PEN PROPERTIES (3)1015 Address: 116, Sungai Pinang Road, Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia. Telephone: Fax: REFERENCE WEBSITE : 54 53 ADDITIONAL TRANSPORT FACILITIES AND ACCOMMODATION It is too reminded that special shuttle bus services will be available around PEN-EPP in the border of Teluk Bahang and Batu Ferringhi, Penang, Malaysia to take visitors from Georgetown bus station and port and Bayan Lepas airport to PEN-EPP and its surrounding, and vice-versa. Special building should be available in Batu Ferringhi Recreation Areas, owned by the management of PEN-EPP, to be used as guest houses to accommodate seminar participants and research collaborators particularly from overseas. ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS The researcher designed the centralised research institutes in the state of Penang, Malaysia with the name of Penang Engineering Pilot Plant (PEN-EPP) according to commercial standards with special considerations for handling various advanced research projects subcontracted to colleges, universities and industries in the state of Penang, Malaysia. These considerations included exceptional provisions for centralised all research facilities in special sections of the building, supplied with multipurpose power supply systems, deionized water for chemistry-related industrial research, and so on : A special effort was made to precisely (as much as possible) derive the projected cost of the facility with the following considerations : 1. The pilot plant would be built in the state of Penang, Malaysia, particularly in the border of Batu Ferringhi and Teluk Bahang 2. All equipment was accurately priced based on firm prices received from vendors. 3. Equipment was designed specifically and certain prices were sized to function up the maximum production rate capacity of the plant. 4. The entire system was designed to operate with manual or automatic electrical sequencing. The plant was designed to be operated by minimum 50 university and industrial scientists. 5. All the steel support platforms, tanks, hoppers, piping systems, power plants were priced, designed and detailed according to seismic standards. This was done in order to limit any additional engineering when various items were fabricated. Most items could be built from the detailed drawings provided by vendors and suppliers of the plant. PROPOSED STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PILOT PLANT FOR THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) The proposed building for the development of PEN-EPP as multipurpose centralized research centre will have a rectangular shape of three storeys and one garden at the ground floor. The structures and uses of each compartment is roughly depicted. Notably there are several compartments available in proposed PEN-EPP as described below : GROUND FLOOR 55 54 The ground floor of PEN-EPP will be allocated for administration, particularly those staff paid by appointed universities and colleges in the state of Penang, Malaysia. Internet connection directly to and from the state government of Penang, Malaysia is available together with other existing facilities, for example, fixed phone line, fax and project management systems is the same as academic universities except the industrial and advanced research-related management system will adopt the systems of external research institutes, particularly from MOSTI and other governmental-related statutory research institutes. Improved library facilities, carpentry, engineering workshops is built separately slightly distance away from main units. RESEARCH LABORATORIES About 38 units of research laboratories will be available at level 1 and 2 of PEN-EPP where the research centres are grouped systematically based on the nature of research will be allocated at the same corner. This will help the space saving and enable the facilities of similar research nature, particularly mechanical engineering and computer networking system, could occupied the similar units and share or rent equipments with other industrial collaborating partners. For example, there will be one instrumentation division where all the facilities of chemical instrumentation research, particularly gas chromatography (GC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and others will be allocated at the space near to each other whereas electronic and robotic division will be grouped together at one corner. That means totally 76 laboratories will be available. SUPPORTING FACILITIES Other supporting facilities, namely staff lockers, will be allocated in the toilets for male, female and disabled. Special supporting facilities for disabled staffs and visitors will be constructed for the ease of movement, particularly automatic lift and convenient flooring. Freezers, water heater and coolers and others will be available in the canteen, expected situated at level 2 of PEN-EPP, of which the food services could be sub-contracted to commercial catering companies, selling both Malaysian plus other eastern and western foods. Additional facilities required with special care could be referred to Occupational Health and Safety. SAMPLE OF BUILDER INFORMATION FOR BUILDING FACILITIES Builder Information for Penang Engineering Pilot Plant (PEN-EPP) Malaysian Ringgit 5 Million Stage One Development Construction of New Three Level Multipurpose Scientific Research Centre and Library Client : State Government of Penang, Malaysia Project Manager : Davis Langdon Malaysia Architect : Abu Rashid Consulting Cost Manager : Davis Langdon Malaysia Services Consultant : AHW Consulting Engineers Building Surveyor : Lang Hai Group Contractor : Abigroup Contractor 56 55 POTENTIAL RESEARCH CENTRES IN PENANG ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT (PEN-EPP) Several existing research centres and institutes in the state of Penang, Malaysia will be moved fully or partially to the proposed new PEN-EPP under the same building and sharing the same resources, for examples, library, canteen and some special advanced instruments. The shifting of existing research facilities to PEN-EPP will be based on the requirement of individual research institutes if expansion of the laboratories due to numbers of staffs and students increase. Overall, the institutes below especially relevant to advanced scientific research are welcome to overview the plan for PEN-EPP for future bookings. 1. Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute - Institut Penyelidikan dan Kemajuan Pertanian Malaysia Website : 2. National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia - Institut Penyelidikan Hidraulik Kebangsaan Website : 3. Forest Research Institute Malaysia -Institut Penyelidikan Perhutanan Malaysia, Website : 4. Malaysian Institute of Nuclear Research (MINT) Institut Penyelidikan Nuklear Malaysia Website : 5. Minerals and Geoscience Department, Malaysia - Jabatan Mineral dan Geosains Malaysia Website : 6. Department of Veterinary Service Malaysia - Jabatan Perkhidmatan Haiwan Website : 7. Malaysian Rubber Board - Lembaga Getah Malaysia, Website : 8. Malaysian Cocoa Board - Lembaga Koko Malaysia Website : 9. Malaysian Palm Oil Board - Lembaga Minyak Sawit Malaysia Website : MOMOS Berhad, Website : 57 Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing (MACRES) Pusat Remote Sensing Negara, Website : Standard and Industrial Research Institute Malaysia Ltd (SIRIM Berhad ) Website : PERSONNEL AND HIERARCHY IN PROPOSED ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT (PEN-EPP) PEN-EPP is a long term plan that could cost more than ten millions for its initial stage of construction. It is initially estimated that 100 staffs are required to fill in various positions in the centre, with 20 managerial posts, 50 research and professional staff posts and another 30 for non-professional staffs, that could be full time or part time university staffs, representatives from external research institutes, international and local postgraduates, research fellows and partners collaborated with local universities, industrial collaborators and so on. Tentatively the managerial hierarchy of proposed PEN-EPP will look as below with subordinates consisting of research officers, scientists and non-professional workers. MANAGERIAL STAFFS Plant directors, professors, assistant directors, technical managers and other heads of research divisions, including physics, chemistry and so on are grouped in managerial positions in addition to the head of industrial partners and other research institutes attached to or renting the space and facilities in the PEN-EPP. Total salary allocated for the managerial level is estimated Malaysian Ringgit Two Millions annually. The basic roles are managing various types of profitable research projects and report to the universities, colleges and industries management. RESEARCH AND TECHNICAL STAFFS All research assistant, research officers, research fellows and experimental professors that obtain direct salary from the participating institutions of higher learning, industries and state government of Penang, Malaysia are grouped in this category. The main tasks are to apply technical, analytical and research skills to meet the objectives of the research project sponsors, originated from government and multinational industrial companies. Total salary available is estimated Malaysian Ringgit Two Millions for various research projects subcontracted to the universities, colleges and industries in Penang, Malaysia. NON-PROFESSIONAL STAFFS Non-professional staffs that possess special skills may include storeroom keeper, warehouse supervisors, cleaners, gardeners, security and internal technicians, that may be paid on part-time or full time basis. The total number of staffs is not high, estimated only thirty with annual salary of Malaysian Ringgit 0.9 Million. These are due to portion of the tasks have been taken over by research officers and some casual staffs working on temporary projects. PARTNERS 58 57 Partners that are not paid by the state government of Penang, Malaysia but by external organizations, namely industrial research organizations, government research associates and contractors are grouped in the categories. RESEARCH PROJECT COSTING FOR DEVELOPING PEN-EPP Funding is required to construct and operate a centralised Engineering Pilot Plant in the state of Penang, Malaysia (PEN-EPP). Initially the cost could be estimated based on the budget submitted by individual research laboratories and science and engineering faculty that are more familiar with the financial situation and management of the organizations. Of course, the estimation provided here could be verified for more accurately by professional cost manager. The distribution of initial funding of Malaysian Ringgit Eight Millions (RM8,000,000.00) could be summarised as below : (I) BUILDING STRUCTURE AND UTILITIES The cost of constructing three level engineering pilot plant with 76 main laboratories, complete research library, administration centre, workshops, storerooms and other building units is estimated to be up to Malaysian Ringgit 2.5 Millions. Each laboratory will be connected with broadband internet connection, that provide the reference of various journals internally in addition to those limited collections from university and college libraries, that is a collaborative and centralised institution of higher learning for existing universities and colleges in Penang, Malaysia. Basic office utilities like faxes, phones for internal usage (State of Penang, Malaysia) and international usage can cost up to Malaysian Ringgit 80, annually. For each laboratory basic settings are available similar for all but additional settings will be added upon further requirement, for example, small-scale wastewater treatment plant could be constructed at the ground floor that treat various types of sewage and industrial waste before disposal. For mechanical engineering laboratories, additional internal generators could be fixed and operated at remote areas to supply additional power and for prevention purposes during accidental power cut-offs. For chemistry laboratories, reverse-osmosis water, gas piping systems and waste disposal management systems should be operated based on safety regulations. The cost of installing other accessories should be provided by individual research institutes in the state of Penang, Malaysia once the proposal is approved with funding. Additional power supplies that operate high power machine, for example, large boiler, autoclaves, heavy instrumentation and electrical motors, should be installed and comply with Occupational Health and Safety. (II) EQUIPMENT SUPPLY The management of future PEN-EPP will provide sharing facilities, for example, library, warehouse, storerooms, etc. For specific scientific research projects and equipment, individual occupant research institutes have to contribute from the grants applied from Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) and other research projects sponsors. This applied not only to Penang University of Technology research laboratories but also to external research institutes that rented the space and common facilities in 59 58 PEN-EPP. However, special incentives estimated Malaysian Ringgit 0.5 Million will be allocated for shared facilities in PEN-EPP. (III) RESEARCH LIBRARY Due to highly limited subscription of journals in the libraries of the state of Penang, Malaysia and other Malaysian universities, more journal-related to specific scientific disciplines will be subscribed based on the recommendations of future occupants of PEN-EPP, particularly from professors and institute directors. Subscription cost and library maintenance are estimated to cost PEN-EPP annually Malaysian Ringgit Fifty Thousands. Portion of the fund will be used for reference books and magazines upgrading and subscription, interlibrary loans etc. (IV) GENERAL FACILITIES General building facilities, for example, lockers, toilets, canteens, coffee rooms, resting rooms, changing rooms, car parks etc should be built as complete facilities utilized too by disabled. For PEN-EPP, total estimated fund allocated for this facility is totally Malaysian Ringgit One Hundred Thousand with annual maintenance cost estimated to be Malaysian Ringgit Fifty Thousands. (V) BUILDING AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE This will include storeroom, workshop, gardening supplies etc. In order to maintain integrity and proper function, damaged and outdated facilities need to be repaired or upgraded. To encourage external collaborators to invest and conduct advanced research in PEN-EPP, several facilities available in workshops and warehouse supplied will be available for free or at discounted price. This maintenance is estimated up to Malaysian Ringgit Three Hundred Thousand annually. he summary of budget required to operate Engineering Pilot Plant for the state of Penang, Malaysia (PEN-EPP). This budget will be updated from time to time based on the market price of material, labour cost and other external factors like consumer index, national economy, international situations etc. The conclusion could be made here is that fiscally it is feasible and possible to construct PEN-EPP if sufficient funding is available also. ACTIVITIES AVAILABLE IN PENANG ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT INDUSTRIAL AND CORPORATE PARTNERSHIPS Partnerships between researchers and industry allow advances in knowledge to work for the benefit of the Penangites community and economy. Partnerships provide businesses, government and community organisations with access to expertise, new ideas and skill. PEN-EPP will apply funding from Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) to gather funding : 1. to support the development of long-term strategic alliances between researchers and industry 2. to support industry-oriented research training for high-calibre postgraduate training 3. to provide opportunities for postdoctoral researchers to undertake research in collaboration with industry 60 59 FACILITIES AVAILABLE FOR PROPOSED PILOT PLANT FOR THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) Special Loop Reactor (gas-liquid catalytic reactor) Molecular Distillation Distillation Unit Filtration Unit Crystallizer Turbo Extractor Distillator Low Pressure Supercritical Fluid Extractor 1500 litres Bioreactor 150 litres Bioreactor (x2) 16 litres Bioreactor (x7) Plate and Frame Filter Unit Self Discharging Disc Separator High Pressure Homogenizer Ultrafiltration Unit Sterile Filtration Unit Spray Dryer Freeze Dryer Liquid Chromatography Unit Batch Sterilizer High-Shear Dispersing Machine High Shear Dispersing Machine Computer Aided Process Engineering & Stimulation System Analytical Equipment LCMS GC DSC ICPMS A process line that includes 16 litres and 150 litres Bioreactors, designed and built to cgmp standard is available for development work OTHER RELATED SERVICES Analysis Service Centre Scale Up Process Project Development Feasibility and Conceptual Study Process Design Equipment Products Development ROLES OF PROPOSED ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT FOR THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) 61 60 PARTNERSHIPS AND COLLABORATION Under a variety of partnership models, industry and other research institutions can take advantage of PEN-EPP's multi-disciplinary scientific capability. Partnering with industry and other research organisations is a key priority for PEN-EPP. Collaborating with PEN-EPP means accessing our highly-talented scientists working across a wide range of scientific domains. This enables industry to tackle issues that require the focus of either a single science or a multi-disciplinary approach. Whether you are a small company or a large multinational corporation, PEN-EPP can tailor a collaboration model to suit. CONTRACT RESEARCH SERVICES Contract research services are a simple way of accessing PEN-EPP s wide scientific base of research expertise and specialised facilities. PEN-EPP's contract research services can be tailored to suit specific projects and enable small and large organisations to access our multi-disciplinary science talent to address their specific R&D issues. Contract research services are best suited to projects where PEN-EPP can tailor an existing service or capability to suit your specific requirements. Engaging PEN-EPP to undertake contract research enables your organisation to access a wide scientific base of research talent as well as specialized facilities to address your specific business issue. Contract research services are best suited to projects where PEN-EPP can tailor an existing service or capability to suit your specific requirements. PEN-EPP scientists have also implemented a more streamlined contracting process, which means working with PEN-EPP has never been easier. CONSULTING SERVICES PEN-EPP s consultancy services are professionally matched to our customers needs. Engaging with PEN-EPP on a consultancy basis provides the opportunity for small and large organisations to bring PEN-EPP s multi-disciplinary science talent to bear on their business issues. Engaging PEN-EPP s scientists in a consultancy capacity enables us to apply our diverse knowledge and research skills to the problems of industry. PEN-EPP often works with our clients on a consultancy basis. Whether you are a multinational corporation, an SME, a government department, university or any other type of organisation, PEN-EPP s consultancy services are professionally matched to your needs. PEN-EPP researchers provide efficient, effective consulting arrangements that are customised to suit the specific needs of our clients. PROPOSED ADDITIONAL SERVICE CENTRES IN ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT FOR THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA (PEN-EPP) PENANG ANALYSIS SERVICE CENTRE The Analysis Service Center seek to provide the quality analysis capability for research, development and the technical knowledge on the analysis for the public. Penang Research Team can meet all sampling requirements and can perform over 100 types of analysis. Here the Analysis Centre has a wide range of equipment that can be well used to analyse organic and inorganic materials. The requirement of the analysis usually has 62 61 come from industries and researchers. Penang research teams are using methods and procedures created or used by and other methodologies. Scientists from universities, colleges and industries are following strict quality assurance / quality control protocols. For each analysis, the research teams maintain records, documentation and saved for all matter regarding the analysis such as source of materials, equipment setup, results and certification. Penang research teams also offer courses to the participants on the fundamental analysis and technical knowledge on the analytical equipment and procedure involved. Both theoretical and hands on session will be emphasized to provide participants with true analysis environment. The proposed university dedicated staffs are all trained professionals. They are uncompromising on work quality and pay the strictest attention to accuracy and quality of the result. Penang Engineering Pilot Plant understands how important accurate and timely results are to our clients. CONTROL SYSTEMS IN PENANG ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT For proper operations of the PEN-EPP, complete control system should be available that could provide a real safety operations in the proposed plant for the usage of various types of research projects. There is a typical control system in one of the proposed division in Engineering Pilot Plant for the state of Penang, Malaysia. However, different design will be applied by diverse scientific research discipline and more detailed data will only be available when proper plant design s provided by individual scientific laboratories with unique system requirement that could be accommodated in single engineering pilot plant. SERVICE OFFERED Proximate analysis: Moisture, Fat, Protein, Ash, Fiber, Carbohydrates, Calorie Titratable acidity Microbiology testing example: Total plate count, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Coliform, Staphylococcus aureus, etc Vitamins analysis- example: Vitamin A, B, C, E Sugars and acid amino analysis - example :glucose, galactose, maltose, lactose, etc Active ingredients analysis - example: curcumin, zeazanthin, capsaicin,etc Mineral and metal analysis - calcium, phosforus, magnesium,potassium,etc Antioxidant analysis (Method : Standard Method) FACILITIES AVBAILABLE High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Gas Chromatography (GC) Inductively Couple Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) Microbiology Laboratory Analysis Equipment Proximate Analysis Equipment- protein analyser, fat analyser, furnace etc 63 62 ROLES OF CONTRACTORS IN PROVIDING PILOT PLANT FACILITIES FOR PEN-EPP PILOT PLANT OPERATIONS PEN-EPP contractors will design, build and operate small scale, semi-continuous pilot plants for the chemical, pharmaceutical and petroleum industries. Pilot plant engineering is conducted using detailed, molecular level modeling. This allows for greater confidence in scale-up, or alternatively, greater scale-up factors. The models of PEN-EPP contractors, often relying on physical and thermodynamic properties, may be used for large-scale engineering. PEN-EPP closes the material balance on all of the pilot plant operations, using capacity/sensitivity ratios that allow for three-significant-figure measurements. DISTILLATION Unit 1: 10 tray, 4 ft x 4 in, continuous unit, 316 SS construction, with or without reboiler, with or without reflux. Each tray independently temperature monitored, with sample ports. Trays may be custom designed for each application, and include sieve, bubble cap or valve configurations. Pressure range is atm, but modifications may be made to operate outside this range. Guard heaters are used for rapid start-up, and to simulate adiabatic operation. Unit 2: The unit described above can be run in a packed-column mode. Also, easily run in a stripper mode. Unit 3: ASTM D TBP packed column, glass batch still. 3 to 10 liters / batch. Used for crude oil assays, purification of chemical or pharmaceutical streams and small-scale production. Unit 4: Glass microstill for distilling small-scale samples. LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION Unit 1: A 6 stages, pulsed perforated plate, semi-continuous counter-current extractor is used to determine partition functions and process yields for scale-up purposes. Using models at the molecular level can be constructed, if requested, giving confidence to commercial sized scale-up. The column can be run in either a 2" diameter or if feedstock volumes are limited a 1" diameter mode. Unit 2: Separatory funnel 'shake tests' can be conducted for purposes of screening of process conditions. Typical variables include solvent selection, solvent-to-oil ratio, and temperature. Single stage partition functions can be determined at the molecular level. HYDROPROCESSING Unit 1: Small-scale semi-continuous hydroprocessing includes hydropyrolysis (homogeneous thermal hydrocracking), catalytic hydrotreating or catalytic hydrocracking. The system is rated at about 600 C, and 1500 psig. Maximum throughput capacity is on the order of 0.8 liters/hour. The unit is best used to produce certain quantities of samples for analysis and inspections. Used with tar sand, kerogen oil, biomass conversion, etc. With certain modifications the unit could be used for catalytic cracking in microactivity tests (MAT). 64 63 OCCUPATION, HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES IN PROPOSED ENGINEERING PILOT PLANT IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA This section describes what plant and equipment is, how it can cause injury and what you can do to reduce the risk of injury from plant and equipment. There is also some information on the use of machine guards to protect operators of plant which has moving parts. WHAT IS PLANT AND EQUIPMENT? Plant includes all machinery and equipment (including scaffolding), both stationary and mobile, tools and implements used in the workplace. Plant that is regulated under health and safety legislation does not just include heavy industrial plant used in manufacturing and construction environments. It also includes plant used for entertainment such as amusement park rides, medical equipment, and office machinery and equipment such as photocopiers and paper guillotines. It would be rare to find a business where health and safety plant regulations do not apply. HOW DOES PLANT CAUSE INJURY? Injuries that occur from unsafe plant and equipment range from minor cuts and burns, traumatic injuries such as amputation and broken bones, even death. These injuries often result from people being hit by moving plant or being caught or crushed in plant. They can also suffer cuts and bruises from using hand tools or strain and overuse injuries from having to maintain an awkward posture while operating machinery. Other injuries and illness can occur from other hazards associated with the plant and machinery such as, noise, vibration, hot and cold parts, electrical and chemical exposures. WHAT CAN YOU DO? First, refer to Conducting a Risk Assessment which describes a three step process for identifying hazards, assessing their risk and deciding how to eliminate or control that risk. Below are some suggested approaches to dealing with hazards from plant and equipment. EXISTING PLANT AND EQUIPMENT List all the plant and equipment you have in your workplace. Determine if any of this plant or equipment requires registering/certification or licensing of operators by government health and safety authorities. Identify if the plant has the potential to cause injury to people. Document what controls are already in place such as warning guards and devices. Conduct plant risk assessments in consultation with employees. Determine controls such as redesign to eliminate the hazard and document controls such as a safe work procedure regarding the operation of that plant. NEW PLANT AND EQUIPMENT Avoid risks in the first place by safe design of plant, processes, equipment and products. 65 64 Insist that all designers and suppliers of plant and equipment supply information on which Malaysian Standards the plant and equipment complies with and about the plant generally to include the following: (a) suitability of the type of plant to the task. (b) known hazards (noise levels, moving parts etc). (c) hazard controls (guards etc). (d) suitability of the plant to your existing working environment. (e) how the plant/equipment could fail. (f) required competency of operators. (g) research or test results conducted on the plant. (h) how it is to be maintained. Consult employees regarding the plant before purchasing the plant to determine if safer (quieter, guarded etc) plant is available. Insist that persons installing and erecting plant in your workplace provide written work plans specifying how your employees will be protected from injury/illness. Ensure training has been budgeted for when the plant/equipment is purchased. OBTAINING FURTHER INFORMATION For further information regarding plant/equipment that may have to be registered with OHS Authorities refer to the list of contacts for whom to contact in your jurisdiction. WORKING WITH PLANT WHICH HAS MOVING PARTS Hazardous plant and equipment includes machinery with moving parts for example: Presses; Drills and lathes; Saws; Guillotines; Cutting machines; Conveyor belts; Food processing machinery (mixers and mincers). MACHINE GUARDING All moving parts of machines should be guarded to avoid persons getting their clothing, hair, hands and other parts of their body caught. Machine guards are usually of three types: Fixed guards (barriers) are fixed to the machine and enclose the moving parts. Fixed guards can also protect the operator from flying objects. Interlocking devices are used when access is required to an operational part of the machine. The device prevents the operation of the machine when the guard is open or when the interlocking guard fails. Presence-sensing devices include light beams and pressure mats which automatically switch a machine off when the presence of a person is detected. GENERAL PRECAUTIONS Where practicable ensure all machine guarding has interlocking devices. 66 65 All maintenance work and cleaning should be undertaken with the machine isolated or unplugged to prevent accidental start-up. Ensure that safe instructions are posted near such machinery regarding the need for isolation or unplugging when cleaning. Ensure that the competency of machine operators is reviewed on a regular basis. CONCLUSION Based on the discussions above, it is predicted that the possibility in developing one centralised research institute in the state of Penang, Malaysia is very high, due to the current requirement of quality research training to meet the demand of scientists in Malaysia. Nevertheless, more detailed discussion and searches are required to provide more accurate pictures on the future PEN-EPP that would required minimum cost for best advantages. At this stage, approval has to be obtained further to gain more opinions and support to conduct the study to develop one well-equipped centralised research centre in the state that bring highest profit to the state of Penang, Malaysia as well. As an extension of the proposed PEN-EPP, the location of pilot plant in fact could be applied as Science Fair Project Centre for the primary and secondary schools in the state of Penang, Malaysia where scientifically and mathematically excellence of Penangites and the schools in Penang, Malaysia is stressed in order to promote scientific research culture for Malaysian society overall. In fact, the system of science and technology education particularly in the state of Penang, Malaysia should further optimize the quality of scientific research education among the students where PEN-EPP could be the truly centralized research institute not only for the proposed research university particularly but for all agencies under Ministry of Education and Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation Malaysia in promoting school, university and industrial partnerships for all tertiary education institutes in the state of Penang, Malaysia. APPENDIX A : COVER LETTER FOR INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA TO : MINISTRY OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION MALAYSIA, BLOCK C5, PARCEL C, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION CENTRE, PUTRAJAYA, FEDERAL MALAYSIAN TERRITORY, MALAYSIA Dear sirs, INFORMATION AND SURVEY ON THE FEASIBILITY TO DEVELOP CENTRALISED RESEARCH INSTITUTES OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE STATE OF PENANG, MALAYSIA 67 66 With reference to the matter above, I would like to request the information for preparing proposal to develop Penang Engineering Pilot Plant (PEN-EPP), a centralised research institute in the state of Penang, Malaysia. 2. The purpose to request budget estimate to operate the laboratories of your department is to more accurately calculate the cost of operation of the specific industrial laboratories in the state of Penang, Malaysia, whether from government and private sectors, that are interested to shift portion of its research facilities to Engineering Pilot Plant for the state of Penang, Malaysia. 3. Please kindly let me know if you are interested to be interviewed for survey purposes, of which your suggestions and recommendations could be included in the proposal for future reference not only for the directions of your department but also for whole Malaysian and industrial scientific community as well. Any effort to make the proposed Penang Engineering Pilot Plant (PEN-EPP) successfully will be highly appreciated. Please let me know if your department is interested to occupy a space in PEN-EPP in future. Thank you. Regards, Proposal author APPENDIX B : DETAILED ENGINEERING COSTING FOR TYPICAL CATALYSIS LABORATORIES (Coles-Permer, 2005) Catalogue Number Description Price (US$) Additional Note CZ TLC plate holder Large size, length 14 CZ Extreme temperature glove Glass body, refillable, temperature 0 80C More detailed research may be required to justify the construction costing. APPENDIX C : ECONOMY IN MATERIAL SELECTION TO CONSTRUCT PEN-EPP In most instances, there will be more than one alternative material which may be considered for a specific application. Calculation of true long-term costs for constructing and maintaining plant building requires estimation of the following : a. total cost of fabricated equipment and piping b. total utilities installation cost c. service life d. maintenance costs : amount and timing 68 67 e. time and cost requirements to repair or replace at the end of service life f. cost of downtime to replace or repair g. cost of inhibitors, extra control facilities etc, to ensure achievement of predicted service life h. time value of money i. factor of taxation and depreciation j. inflation More detailed research may be required to justify the construction costing. DEVELOPING OF NEW COURSE DIPLOMA AND DEGREE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AN INTRODUCTION Chemical engineering encompasses a wide range of disciplines including economic design, operation and management of process systems in which materials are changed in composition or physical state. Chemical engineering has its foundation in chemistry, physics and mathematics; its operations are developed from knowledge provided by these disciplines and by other branches of engineering, applied sciences, biological sciences and economics. The courses of chemical engineering proposed to Chung Ling Tertiary College are expected to be conducted in the Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering. Certain foundation of chemistry and biotechnology experiments will have to be conducted in the laboratories in the Faculty of Science. The students of the degree and diploma courses will have to apply separate campuses to conduct the coursework of chemical engineering where flexibility could be applied to enable the twinning program and full course to be taught externally where the courses offered are approved by the relevant accreditation committee from professional and tertiary educational bodies of respective countries, particularly in Malaysia. It is expected that the quality of chemical engineering education at diploma and degree levels are equivalent to other approved chemical engineering courses offered by recognized universities, with the differences are that chemical engineering courses offered by Chung Ling Tertiary College provides more flexible mode of study, either via off-campus twinning programmes, full and part time studies at overseas campuses and local Malaysian tertiary college, self-study via online modes in order to cater the needs of the students enrolling in the chemical engineering courses, based on the requirement of individual students and societies, with reference to the more established engineering professionals, particularly civil, mechanical and electrical engineering where the course flexibility are observed. MISSION STATEMENT FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE IN CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE 69 68 The mission is to provide quality chemical engineering education. It focuses on fundamental and specialised knowledge and practice in engineering sciences particularly related to chemical and biological processes. It also stresses on management, ethics and humanities. The chemical engineering course philosophy in Chung Ling Tertiary College is based on the systems approach. The chemical engineering programmes offer integrated and comprehensive educations that transcend various disciplines. Besides being professionally qualified and competent, its graduates are also spiritually, intellectually, morally and ethically sound. The interdisciplinary approach produces graduates who are capable not only of solving industrial and human problems but also of bringing about and managing change in conformity with the world view. The programme offered by Department of Chemical Engineering fosters close partnership with the industry and the government. It offers its services to both the Engineering community and the public. STREAMS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE OFFERED BY CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE The chemical engineering program at Chung Ling Tertiary College boasts several distinguishing features. Students choose one of the four streams, each of which involves four specialised units and the opportunity to undertake a final-year research project in the option area. Biotechnology: using biological processes for commercial and industrial applications. Applications include the use of recombinant DNA, the development of micro-organisms and new bioprocessing techniques. Sustainable Processing: the application of principles of sustainability and life-cycle assessment for the benefit of the environment. Chemical engineers make an important contribution to protecting the environment, especially by developing processes for manufacturing existing and new products from renewable raw material sources. Nanotechnology: literally, engineering at the molecular level. The revolution will let us fabricate an entire new generation of products that are cleaner, stronger, lighter, and more precise. Paper Production: this stream introduces the fundamental production issues by focusing on a material that has ideal properties for recycling and is produced from a renewable resource. INTEGRATED INDUSTRIAL EXPERIENCE FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS AT CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA 70 69 In their second last semester, high-achieving students will be offered the opportunity of a period of integrated industrial experience. It is an excellent opportunity to improve employment prospects.. EXCHANGE PROGRAMS FOR CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS At level three, students maintaining a sufficiently high academic standard will be offered the opportunity to complete a semester at the selected universities. Scholarships are available to eligible students. SCHOLARSHIPS FROM CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Partial scholarships designed to help with the cost of tertiary study are offered to students studying chemical engineering. Recipients must have excellent qualifications at entry and maintain a high academic standard throughout their studies. CAREER OPPORTUNITY IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING As populations rise and resources and energy reserves dwindle, the demand for chemical engineer increases. Chemical engineers: contribute to the development and manufacture of 'smart' products that is, tailor-made products made sustainably using the most advanced science and technology, such as nanotechnology, cryogenics and zero-gravity processing; take part in the growing advanced biomanufacturing industry that underpins developments in biotechnology, food processing and pharmaceuticals; drive the development of environmentally clean technologies for product manufacturing and power generation; develop processes for manufacturing existing and new products from renewable raw material sources. INTRODUCTION OF DIPLOMA OF CHEMICAL AND BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING The Diploma in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering in Chung Ling Tertiary College in Malaysia, expected to launch in near future, will give you a high quality, practice-orientated education in Chemical Engineering. The Diploma in Chemical Engineering was the first diploma in chemical engineering in Chung Ling Tertiary College and remains today, a most sought after qualification. Graduates have established themselves in industry and have performed very well in both degrees level and postgraduate studies. The chemical and biomedical science clusters are the fastest growing sector in the Malaysian economy. They includes government organizations and international and local 71 70 companies involved in research, development, manufacture and marketing in areas related to petroleum, petrochemicals, specialty chemicals, pharmaceuticals and high tech materials. The Diploma in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering is a 3 year full-time course which will provide you with the foundation required to enter into the many different careers available in not only the chemical but also the dynamic biomedical sector. The Diploma curriculum covers the fundamentals of chemical and biochemical engineering and process engineering. The first level of the course provides broad based modules to impart basic knowledge in science and mathematics, and introduction to chemical engineering. The second level provides the basis of chemical engineering principles and the third level provides chemical engineering practise and design. The course provides the up to date knowledge and skills which are essential in the development of a flexible chemical technologist, who is able to fit into many industries. In the final year of their diploma, students may elect to undertake a pharmaceutical specialisation. This provides specific skills in pharmaceutical technology without detracting from the graduates opportunities in chemical and biomedical industries. The 3rd year also includes a 6 month industrial attachment and six week attachment to the Chemical Process Training Centre at selected companies in Malaysia. During the industrial attachment, students will undertake a project in industry. This intensive 6 months attachment programme has been recognized by both employers and universities as one of the reasons Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering graduates can be differentiated by their knowledge, independence and skills. FIGURE : EXAMPLE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS AND LABORATORYEXAMPLE QUESTIONS ASKED BY DIPLOMA OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROSPECT STUDENTS 72 71 What is the minimum admission criteria for the Diploma in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering? Admission into the Diploma in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering is based on GCE 'O/A' Level / S(T)PM / VCE aggregate scores. Candidates must have healthy grades in English language, mathematics and one science subject. Do I need to have a pass in 'O' level / SPM / VCE Chemistry and Physics to enroll in the course? No. You will not be disadvantaged if you have not done chemistry or physics. Chemical engineering involves not just chemistry, but problem solving and the application of systematic and logical reasoning. Students undertaking this diploma will begin with elementary chemistry as part of their curriculum, alongside subjects revolving around engineering and mathematics. QUESTIONS NORMALLY ASKED BY ALL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROSPECT STUDENTS What's so special about Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia Diploma and Degree in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering? (1) IChemE Accreditation. The previous Diploma and Degree in Chemical Engineering was awarded accreditation by the Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE), the international professional body for chemical engineers. This means that chemical engineering skills and knowledge acquired by a student undertaking the diploma and degree Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia will be recognised by the international community of professional chemical engineers. The Diploma and Degree in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering is similarly likely to receive accreditation. (2) Pharmaceutical Specialisation. Students who choose to enrol in this diploma can opt for subjects that specialise in pharmaceutical manufacturing in their final year of study. The pharmaceutical specialisation stream is based on core modules aimed for the petroleum and petrochemical industry but with additional areas aimed to fill the gap in training for skills needed in the pharmaceutical sector. Should you choose to follow this stream, you will be better poised to enter the pharmaceutical industry. (3) 6 Month Industrial Attachment. Students in the final year of this diploma undergo an industrial attachment for a period of 6 months. In this time, they are considered as staff of a local or local-based multinational company and learn hands on skills to supplement the knowledge gained at polytechnic. The period of attachment is unique and provides students with the confidence required to handle their future jobs as well as leverage for building professional networks. Here at Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia, we offer a proportion of our students the opportunity to serve their industrial attachment overseas. This gives students exposure to chemical engineering practice outside Malaysia. (4) Biomolecular Engineering. The Diploma and Degree in Chemical and Biomolecular 73 72 Engineering is one of the first Chemical Engineering Diploma and Degree to include topics in Biomolecular Engineering in its curriculum. The course is in line with degree level Chemical Engineering programmes in all universities throughout the world. Where do graduates work? The Diploma and Degree in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering provides training for the petrochemical, chemical, pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industries in Malaysia. These industries comprise a host of multinational and local companies specialising in manufacturing activities such as oil refining, petrochemicals and specialty chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Other areas where chemical engineers are employed are in environmental and energy management, food and beverage, detergents, agrochemicals, paints and coatings and innovative chemical products, the electronics industry and of course the biomedical sector. How does Chemical Engineering differ from Chemical Process Technology, Applied Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry? Chemical Engineering and Chemistry although related are very different disciplines. First and foremost, Chemical Engineering is an engineering discipline while Chemistry is a science. A chemist typically works in laboratories undertaking laboratory analysis and undertaking chemistry related research and development. A chemical engineer's training on the other hand allows him or her to see the bigger picture. They understand that engineering factors also affect the progress of chemical reactions, factors such as mixing, mass transfer, heat transfer, process control strategies and reactor design; fundamental chemical engineering subjects. Chemical engineers are more actively involved in control, design and optimization of chemical processes. It should however be noted that chemical engineers do sometimes apply their skills in chemistry laboratories (as do some biotechnology graduates). Their ability to view the bigger picture of chemical and petrochemical processing sometimes gives chemical engineers the edge in career development. The course structures are also very different. Chemistry based courses are very strong in all branches of chemical science; inorganic, physical, organic, molecular and analytical chemistry. On the other hand, Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia's Diploma and Degree in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering includes only 2 traditional chemistry subjects, but builds on these foundations in its chemical engineering diploma. In this way, chemical engineering students learn chemistry through application rather than as theory. What facilities are available? Here at Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia, the Diploma and Degree in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering is conducted by the Faculty of Engineering. Our laboratories are equipped with the latest in teaching-scale models of bona fide chemical process unit operations and process control units found in industrial sites. We also have computer laboratories for simulations in chemical process software applications. 74 73 Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia has long been recognized as having the one of the best equipped science teaching colleges in the region. The Diploma and Degree in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering laboratories will interface with these facilities thus providing a first class practical experience in the area of Biomolecular Engineering. For how long has Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia been training people to work in the petrochemical and chemical process industries? The Chemical Engineering Department of Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia has been training students to work in the petrochemical industry since the establishment of the polytechnic. In fact, many mechanical engineering and biotechnology graduates work in the chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical industries. The Diploma and Degree in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering builds on this solid background of excellence in engineering education. Is the training modern and up to date? In the development of this course, the advice of employers and academics from local and overseas universities was sought. The objective of these consultations was to ensure that the course was so structured to meet the needs of industry. Chemical Engineering is a fast moving engineering discipline and the Department did not want to make the common mistake of designing a Chemical Engineering course that is not up to date and flexible to meet the changing needs of industry. It should be noted that even before our first graduates have been produced, employers have stated that they will readily employ them while local and overseas universities have granted our graduates exemptions from further studies. Our emphasis on developing strong foundations rather than just training students for a job, gives graduates with Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia s Diploma and Degree in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering a very strong competitive edge. FIGURE : EXPERIMENTATION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS AT CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA 75 74 MODIFICATION OF COURSE FOR POSTGRADIATE DIPLOMA OF CHEMICAL AND BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING IN CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE MALAYSIA Registered full-time Duration for International Onshore Students on student visas : 1 Year Introduction This course provides an advanced professional qualification for graduates in engineering or applied science disciplines (not usually for graduate chemical engineers). Applicants will be graduates with qualifications in areas related to chemical engineering and intending to work in the chemical processing industries. Chemical engineering graduates, especially those with honours, should consider enrolling in the Master and PhD of Engineering (Chemical Engineering) by research. Course Entry Requirements/Prerequisites A recognised degree in engineering or applied science at honours level or a recognised degree in engineering or applied science without honours but with relevant experience. Such candidates will be accepted at the discretion of the Head of Department. Candidates with an appropriate pass degree can be accepted at the discretion of the Head of Department but will be required to complete up to 12 full units (25 credits) over one and a half years of full-time study (or part-time equivalent). Transfer from the Graduate Certificate to this course is allowable subject to the approval of the Head of Department.Recognition of Prior Learning. Applications for recognition of prior learning are assessed on an individual basis. Duration and Availability This fee paying course is one year full-time study. Two intakes are offered each year, in March and August. Intermediate Awards I A student who has successfully completed the requirements of an approved intermediate award may apply for graduation in that award subject to approval of the Head of School/Department. Fees apply. Intermediate awards approved for this course appear below. Intermediate Awards II Graduate Certificate in Chemical Engineering 76 75 Additional Course Expenses Students may be expected to purchase a number of textbooks, readers and other essential study materials. Course Structure Course structure Hrs / Week Year 1, Semester 1 : SELECT OPTIONAL UNITS TO THE TOTAL VALUE OF: Year 1, Semester 2 : Design Project # SELECT OPTIONAL UNITS TO THE TOTAL VALUE OF:: OPTIONAL UNITS TO SELECT FROM YEAR 1 : Process Heat Transfer Fluid Mechanics Fluid and Particle Processes Process Control Reaction Engineering Mass Transfer Operations Risk Management Advanced Separation Processes Biotechnology Processing Petroleum Processing Advanced Process Control Advanced Process Simulation Process Design and Synthesis Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Credit #Enrolment is only permitted if four full (25 credits) units have already been successfully completed *Only four of these units may be selected each semester Availability Year Location Semester All* Internal Partially Online Internal 202X Main campus 1 Y 202X Branch campus 2 Y External Fully Online 77 76 The information displayed above refers to study periods and locations where the course is available for first time entry. Students are normally only offered or admitted to a course once. *The course itself may not be available either solely internally or externally but individual units may be offered in either or both of those modes. Prospective students should contact the Course Coordinator for further information. ^Course and associated units are offered in this mode permitting International Onshore student enrolment. #Course and associated units are offered in this online only mode and DO NOT permit International Onshore student enrolment. DIFFERENCES IN THE DIPLOMA AND DEGREE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Those with credits in the Certificate of basic sciences, mathematics and engineering courses, particularly physics, chemistry, mathematics, optional biology and foundation of chemical engineering could be allowed to enrol in the course. The duration of study for diploma is three years whereas five year duration is required for completion of honour bachelor degree in chemical engineering. In fact, most subjects studies in the first five semesters of the diploma of chemical engineering is similar to that of the degree course except in the final semester of the diploma coursework two choices are available. Those students preferred to complete the diploma course only could undertake short research project as fulfilment to be awarded diploma of chemical engineering in Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia whereas those wish to continue straight to the degree course of chemical engineering could apply to transfer the credit straight to the sixth semester of the chemical engineering degree courses. By flexibility reasons, those degree students preferred to obtain diploma and graduate earlier to enter the workforce should apply to the Department of Chemical Engineering about the intention only after two years of study with passes of all the subjects required by the diploma course. Depending on the relevant experiences of the students, practical training and research projects for undergraduate students could be exempted if proposed documentation is shown to the examiner for grading of industrial training and research project conducted outside the university. INTRODUCTION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING ONLINE SELF STUDY COURSE Chemical engineering is a field that involve the application of engineering concepts, particularly of physical sciences, in various chemical processes through upscaling and pilot plant studies from laboratory skills. Unlike all other non-technical subjects like business and law, the study of engineering subjects without research laboratories and 78 77 practical industrial experiences seemed incomplete in the field of its unique discipline that stresses on technical skills rather than solely on engineering theories. In order to fulfil the requirement for the accreditation of Institution of Chemical Engineers in the non-traditional course where the lectures and human presentation are substituted by internet and paper self-study mode of chemical engineering, modification of the syllabuses are required in order to fulfil the requirement of the degree of chemical engineering course. There are various methods and modifications applied to make both traditional lectures and online self-study methods equal in credit load, namely by substitution of laboratory credits in traditional chemical engineering course to practical training with relevance industrial experiences of which the grading is provided by industrial supervisors rather than university lecturers. In the evaluation of grades for theoretical sections, unlike traditional methods where the exams are conducted in specific examination halls in the university, online chemical engineering candidates will need to attend the exams in the appointed places suggested by chemical engineering degree provider, particularly in the nearest colleges or halls to the registered address of the candidates. The exams are possible to be conducted with all the registered candidates in the same areas or the individual candidates may have to join with other university exam candidates who take the same courses. COMPARISON OF TRADITIONAL LECTURE AND ONLINE SELF-STUDY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE Self-study candidates require high level of discipline to review the study of chemical engineering subjects rather than pushed by the progress of the lectures. Unlike traditional full time candidates, self-study students seldom have opportunity to discuss with the fellow university students about the applications of certain problem-solving techniques and theoretical understandings. Self-study students possess the same problem as part-time registered students in the sense of getting the guidance from fellow students. Limited time is available to discuss with the lecturers on-site due to working load normally burdening the part-time and self-study students, preventing the students to obtain high scores in chemical engineering subjects. Online self-study students gather the material of study online in the form of scripts, VCDs, lecture voice recording whereas traditional chemical engineering students are able to discuss with the lecturers directly on certain chemical engineering concepts, where the reference books and material could be available directly from bookstore or lecturers involved in preparing the examination questions directly. Although self-study and online chemical engineering students are able to obtain material more systematically, the opportunity to have direct interaction with the lecturers preparing the exam questions are rare and most communications are done online via phone or . OVERVIEW OF METHODS FOR ONLINE CHEMICAL ENGINEEERING COURSE EXECUTION 79 78 1. Preparation of study module Module of chemical engineering need to be prepared that could be accessible online. The chapter and study methods are required to be arranged accordingly. Module prepared should be arranged in easily understandable methods, with proper reference books in addition to module designed by the Board of Examiner of Chemical Engineering. Sample questions and answers, past year examination papers and online support system are available for registered students provided with access username and passwords. To make the course more interactive, quizzes will be available on monthly basis where the grades will be added as bonus for participating candidates and serve as control for self-study progress. 2. Course accreditation by chemical engineering professional bodies and government The online self-study chemical engineering requires approval from the Institution of Chemical Engineers and government, particularly educational board to approve the course. This is normally done by professional and experienced academic staffs from the faculties and department of chemical engineering in the universities. 3. Practical training supervisory communication for industrial preparation The laboratory credits for practical subjects, particularly in unit operations, fluid mechanics, general chemistry etc will be conducted in either colleges or industries where relevant facilities are available. Renting for facility usage is required especially under research project training. Certain trainees will be paid allowances in conducting industrial projects and practical training, approved by supervisors under collaborative agreement. 4. Execution timetable Study timetable could be available online that contains the contacts for the communication between the chemical engineering online students and the chemical engineering demonstrators. The modules provided online must be completed without delay. 5. Examination method The exams of theoretical sections will be conducted at specific centres provided by chemical engineering examination board, expected once every six months in local college or university campuses. The reminder s and phones will be sent to the candidates before the examination date, managed by organizing college administration, that could also serve as exam invigilator with one representative from the Board of Examiner for the online chemical engineering course provider, that will lead the progress of exam and bring back the answers for marking. 6. Practical duration and grading Both industrial training and research projects will take place at least six months preferably in research institution where chemical engineering research facilities are available. Grades provided by industrial supervisors will be submitted to chemical engineering board supervisors as procedures. 80 79 Grading and result submission All the papers will be marked and graded by the lecturers upon recipient of the paper based on the standard marking procedures. Individual communication could be made with known lecturers about the marking format that will be published online too. Result declaration and submission The results will be received by the candidate two months after the examination where the checking of the performance and analysis need to be done within two weeks for any appeal case. The final results will be submitted to computer analysis for storage and statistical analysis purposes. Graduation Upon completion all the module required plus industrial training, graduation ceremony will also be available for graduates in the same areas. Those graduates could use the certificate awarded by online chemical engineering degree for job promotion, application for higher position or application of postgraduate studies by research or coursework in approved universities. STEPS REQUIRED FOR ONLINE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE Decide what to study Browse through the units and find the ones you want to study. If you're interested in a qualification, check which units you need to complete. The Handbook for Online Chemical Engineering Course provides units and qualification information in print. Check your local newsagent or buy a copy. Make sure the unit is available in the study period you want to register in. Study Period Close of Registration Starts Finishes One February 10 February 27 May 26 Two May 12 May 29 August 25 Three August 11 August 28 November 24 Four November 10 November 27 February 23 Register the Chemical Engineering Online Course Registration is simple - you can do it online, by mail, fax, in person or over the phone. a. Click on Register online b. Register over the phone c. Fax a form d. Mail your form 81 80 e. Visit the Chemical Engineering Online Course Division in the university course privider Pay the fee Most undergraduate units fall into two bands - arts and humanities, business, IT science and engineering. For Chemical Engineering Online Course, certain fee need to be paid in science and engineering Each unit description includes fee information. You can pay your fees upfront by cheque, credit card or money order. Buy your textbooks You may be required to purchase one or more textbooks for your study, just like at an on-campus university. The unit descriptions in the website contain details of set textbooks. Receive learning materials Study materials are generally sent out by post the week before or during the first week of the study period. If your unit is online, you will receive login details from the university. Make sure you check your for messages from the university regularly. Study the unit content You then study your unit using the course materials, textbooks and online resources. You may also join online discussion groups to get more out of the course, join the Student Association, find a mentor to help you study, and access other study aids to help you succeed. Exams Many units are assessed through compulsory examination, just like they are on-campus. Your study materials will guide you on what aspects of the unit to concentrate on to help you prepare for the exam. During the study period, you will need to arrange for a trusted person to supervise you as you take your exam in university-like conditions. Your exam supervisor, or invigilator, will be sent the exam materials, and will be responsible for returning your completed paper to the university for marking. Professional invigilation services are available in some areas. 82 81 Graduate Once you have finished all of the requirements for a qualification, you will be able to graduate. You can arrange to attend your graduation ceremony with the on-campus students at the university, or receive your degree certificate through the mail. You will have a fully-recognised university degree conferred by a leading university, just as if you had studied on-campus. It's your choice whether you tell people how you got your degree. If you are studying individual units as a short course, there is no graduation. Introduction to Online Chemical Engineering Degree The Bachelor of Chemical Engineering from Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia provides students with the molecular level of chemical and technological systems to devise strategies to solve important practical problems. Chemical engineering and biochemical technology are shaping the environment and chemical supply, ensuring that all chemical processes can be optimized and produced in big amount more safely. Drawing on core science areas such as thermodynamics, environmental chemistry and engineering unit operations this degree is taught by researchers of the leading edge of industry practice. The degree is designed to meet the needs of students who wish to pursue careers in engineering sciences and provide a chemistry specialisation for intending teachers. Majors : Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemical Technology This degree provides students with the necessary technological skills to deal with complex systems, while using modern chemical technological techniques. It covers the areas of pharmacetical and industrial chemicals, waste and plant project management, environmental biotechnology diagnostics and biochemical production systems. Students develop core knowledge and techniques in chemicals and processes identification along with equipment unit operations, chemical engineering thermodynamic systems, mass and heat transfers. Students can choose to specialise in either process control or waste management technology in the final level of this degree. Career Prospects Graduates of this degree can work in every area of chemistry and chemical engineering, from chemicals synthesis in pilot plant to chemical process optimization and environmental protection. Graduates can be employed in research, production and testing positions in government and private laboratories and in the field. The graduates are renowned for their 'real world' education and their 'hands-on' skills which make them highly desirable to employers. Professional Recognition 83 82 Graduates satisfy the requirements of the Malaysian Institution of Engineers for full membership. Depending on choice of courses, they may also satisfy the requirements of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, the Malaysian Royal Society of Chemistry and others. Laboratory, clinical and practical classes Due to the specialist nature of this degree, students are required to attend Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia in Penang island to complete practical and laboratory classes. These classes will be offered in block mode, of one week of intensive practical work during most units on site at Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia Penang campus. There will be one week of block practical in each half of the calendar year. Those registering complete block practicals towards the end of the study period, whereas those registering in others will complete the block practicals mid-way in the study period. Students will be told when the block practical will be at the start of the study period and attendance is compulsory. Degree Requirements A student must complete 24 units, comprising: At least eight units must be Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia units ; Students must complete eight units at Level One, eight units at Level Two and eight units at Level Three; At least eight units can be chosen from information technology, mathematics and science units. Credit for Previous Studies Students may be able to get credit for previous studies conducted at other institutions. If applying for credit, documentation, including original transcripts of academic records or certified copies of unit outlines and an explanation of the grading system must be sent to the co-ordinator. Credit cannot be given for units completed more than ten years ago. Procedures for Advice and Registration Students are recommended to register with Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia. Students intending to gain the degree must register with the Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences after completing at least two units. In registering with Chung Ling Tertiary College Malaysia for the degree, students need to complete the Course Advice and Registration form and pay the required fee, in order to receive advice on credit, unit selection and degree information. The non-refundable fee is payable when registering for the degree, with an annual fee to maintain the registration. 84 83 POTENTIAL PROBLEMS FOR CONDUCTING ONLINE SELF-STUDY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE Factor 1 : Long preparation A lot of professions are required to design the module of chemical engineering, maintenance of online database systems and other administrative affairs because chemical engineering online courses are absolutely new branch of engineering courses in comparison to mechanical, civil and electrical engineering. Factor 2 : Industrial laboratory grading The difficulty of providing standard form of industrial practises is due to the subjectivity of grading among the supervisors handling the practical areas and subjects. Factor 3 : Research project supervisory communication Due to long distant communication barrier may exist especially among students not very well-versed in English language. Certain uncommunicated items and expressions are impossible to be passed online. Factor 4 : Administration of distant examination Additional staffs from Board of Examination for Online Chemical Engineering are required to ensure the course and examination provided at distant meet the requirement of the standards. Factor 5 : Additional maintenance cost Maintenance of websites and modules incurred high cost that will increase the cost of administration. Additional effort has to be placed on communication with candidates about the examination, changes of course structures etc that will indirectly transfer the cost to the candidates. Factor 6 : Disciplines of candidates in self-study The candidates of self-study require high level of discipline in self-study as a basic of training to be independently to conduct research and analysis towards gaining appropriate knowledge particularly at advanced level and postgraduate studies. Factor 7 : Market requirement for chemical engineering course Preliminary surveys are required to attract enough students particularly high school leavers and working apprentices interested to undertake chemical engineering courses at distant levels. Factor 8 : Competition among the tertiary education provider This is a new mode of study for chemical engineering students that could be found nowhere in the world but competition is expected from other institution of higher learning once the course is established. 85 84 SUPPLEMENTARY FACILITIES FOR ONLINE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSE Chemical engineering, like other field of science and engineering facilities, require equipment for practical training and research purposes. Normally laboratory, practical training and research project sections have been substituted by working experiences for more than two years in the field but this is absolutely not possible for certain self-study mode of theory of chemical technology unless supplementary equipment and facilities are available that could be rented for conducting laboratory classes. Certain used equipment or those of partially defected could be purchased at the centralised science centre laboratories, to enable certain research projects to be conducted at home or self-constructed workshops that meet the requirement of occupational, health and safety regulations. References : Chemical Engineering Education Project Committee (1968/69), Chemical Engineering Faculties of Canada and United States, The Committee, American Institutes of Chemical Engineers. Coles Palmer (2005), Catalogue Delivering solutions you trust, Extech Equipment Pty Ltd, Australia. Engineering Education Australia Website : National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (2004), Principles and Practice of Engineering Chemical Engineering Sample Questions and Solutions, NCEES, USA. Perry, R. H., Grin, D. (1984), Perry s Chemical Engineers Handbook, International Edition, McGraw Hill Book Company, Malaysia. Website of Open University Australia : Websites of Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Australia : Websites of Chemical Engineering Pilot Plant (CEPP), University Technology Malaysia : Website of Ministry of Education Malaysia : Website of Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation Malaysia : Website of Australian Safety and Compensation Council Occupational Health and Safety : Website of University Science Malaysia : Website of Swinburne University of Technology Malaysia : 86 85 DIRECTORY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF THE WORLD Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Sydney, Department of Chemical Engineering, Building J01, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. Tel : +61-(0) , +61-(0) Fax : +61-(0) , +61-(0) Chemical Engineering Department for University of Adelaide, School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering North Building, The University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) Fax : +61-(0) Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) Fax : +61-(0) Website : School of Chemical Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia. Phone: 61-(0) Fax: 61-(0) Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, PO Box 36, Clayton, Telephone: +61-(0) Facsimile: +61-(0) Victoria 3800, AUSTRALIA. Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6001, Australia. Phone +61 (0) Fax +61 (0) Website : School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, UNSW, SYDNEY NSW 2052, AUSTRALIA Telephone: Fax: Website : Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) Website : Faculty of Engineering, Science and Industrial Technology, School of Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia. Phone : Telephone: (07) International: +61-(0) Fax: +61-(0) International: +61-(0) Website : 87 86 Faculty of Engineering, Physical Sciences and Architecture Chemical Engineering Unit, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia. Phone: +61 (7) (student and course enquiries) +61 (7) (all other enquiries) Fax: +61 (7) (student and course enquiries), +61 (7) (all other enquiries) Addresses: (student and course enquiries) (all other enquiries) SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL, GRIFFITH UNIVERSITY Location: Building 44 Room 3.12, Nathan campus, Queensland 4111, Australia. Phone: Fax: Website : Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering, University Technology Malaysia, UTM Skudai, Johore, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Website : Kulliyyah of Engineering Chemical Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA. Tel : /4447 Fax : Website: School of Chemical Engineering, USM Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Seberang Prai Selatan, Penang MALAYSIA Tel: ext Fax: Website : Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur 50603, MALAYSIA Tel: Fax: Website : Engineering Faculty,University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Tel : Fax : Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Malaysia Tel: (Dean), (Secretary) Fax: University Technology Petronas (UTP), Seri Iskandar Town, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Faculty of Engineering Proposed Chemical Engineering Unit, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 88 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. Tel : Fax: Website : School of Engineering & Information Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Locked Bag 2073, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. Tel : (DL) ext 3991 Fax: Website: Proposed Chemical Engineering Coordinator, Marketing Unit, Open University Malaysia (OUM), Tun Ismail Road, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Phone : /2058 Mobile : /9935 Fax : UNIVERSITY TUN ABDUL RAZAK (UNITAR) ENGINEERING UNIT, Kelana Jaya Study Center, 16-1, SS6/12 Road, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel : / KDU COLLEGE PENANG ENGINEERING UNIT, 32, Anson Road, Penang, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : INFORMATICS INSTITUTE ONLINE ENGINEERING COURSE, 33-A, Abu Siti Lane, Penang, Malaysia. Tel : / Fax : TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN COLLEGE / UNIVERSITY (PENANG), 77, Lembah Permai Tiga Lane, Tanjong Bungah, Penang, Malaysia. Tel: (6) Fax: (6) TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN COLLEGE / UNIVERSITY (MAIN), Genting Kelang Road, Setapak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. P.O. Box 10979, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tel: (6) Fax: (6) Website : INTI COLLEGE MALAYSIA PENANG BRANCH, No. 10, Bukit Jambul Drive, Penang, Malaysia. Tel : +60 (04) Fax: +60 (04) Website : HAN JIANG COLLEGE PENANG, Lim Lean Teng Road, Georgetown, Penang 11600, Malaysia. 89 88 Tel : Fax : Page : College of Science and Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth, 140, Engineering Building, 10, University Drive, Duluth, MN 55812, USA. Phone : 218/ (dean's office), 218/ (student affairs office) Fax: 218/ (dean's office), (student affairs office) Department of Chemical Engineering, P. O. Box: 5050, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran-31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Tel : Fax : Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cambridge New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3RA, UK Tel : +44-(0) Fax : +44-(0) Department of Engineering Science Chemical Engineering, University of Oxford, Parks Road, OXFORD, OX1 3PJ, UK. Tel : (+44 or 0) Fax : (+44 or 0) Senior Administrator : Tel: , Deputy Administrator : Tel: , Librarian : Tel: ; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Miami University, Bonham House - 2nd Floor, 351 E, Spring Street, Oxford, OH 45056, USA. Phone: Fax: General Information: Academic Advising: Career Advising: Paper and Chemical Engineering : Gaskill Hall, Room 229, 351 E, Spring Street, Oxford, OH 45056, USA. Phone: Fax: s : Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 Herbert H Dow Building, 2300 Hayward, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI , USA. Phone : (734) Fax : (734) Web Page: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST), PO Box 88, Manchester, United Kingdom M60 1QD. Tel : +44(0) Fax : +44(0) Department of Chemical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Tel: (852) Fax : (852) Website : Chemical Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM , USA. Tel : Website : 90 89 DIRECTORY OF MALAYSIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTES ( UPDATED SEPTEMBER 2011) Combinatorial Technologies and Catalyst Research Centre (COMBICAT) in Universiti Malaya (UM) : 3 rd Floor, Block A, Institute of Postgraduate Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tal : Fax : The Secretary-General, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Level 1, Block C5, Parcel C, Federal Government Administrative Centre, 62662, Putrajaya, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : University Science Malaysia USM - School of Biological Sciences, USM Penang, Malaysia. Tel : (chemical sciences) Fax : (chemical sciences) University Science Malaysia USM - School of Chemical Sciences, USM Penang, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Website : School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, No. 2, (Jalan) Universiti, (Bandar) Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Phone: ext 3271 Fax: Curtin University Sarawak, CDT 250, Miri, Sarawak, MALAYSIA Telephone: Fax : Swinburne University of Technology Malaysian Sarawak Campus, Kompleks Negeri, (Jalan) Simpang Tiga Road, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Madam Norhasliza Hassan, Administration Officer, Corporate Communication Office, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : (Reference : Name Card) Madam Norpisah Mat Isa, Deputy Registrar, USM International Division of Academic and International Affairs, University Science Malaysia, USM, Penang, Malaysia. Tel : /777 Fax : (Reference : Name Card) Dean, International Affairs, University Technology Malaysia (UTM), UTM Skudai, Johore, Malaysia. Tel: or Fax: 91 90 Faculty of Built Environment (FAB), University Technology Malaysia, UTM Skudai, Johore, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Webpage : Contact Faculty of Civil Engineering (FKA), University Technology Malaysia, UTM Skudai, Johore, Malaysia Faculty of Electrical Engineering (FKE), University Technology Malaysia, UTM Skudai, Johore, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (FKM), University Technology Malaysia, UTM Skudai, Johore, Malaysia. Tel : / 617 Fax : Faculty of Geoinformation Science and Engineering (FKSG), University Technology Malaysia, UTM Skudai, Johore, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Faculty of Computer Science and Information System (FSKSM), University Technology Malaysia, UTM Skudai, Johore, Malaysia. Tel : / 460 Fax : Faculty of Management and Human Resource Development (FPPSM), University Technology Malaysia, UTM Skudai, Johore, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Centre of Islamic Studies and Social Development (PPIPS), University Technology Malaysia, UTM Skudai, Johore, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Physics Department : The Dean, School of Physics, University Science Malaysia, USM Penang, Malaysia. Tel : / 3198 Fax : Industrial Technology : School of Industrial Technology, University Science Malaysia, USM Penang, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : 92 91 School of Management, University Science Malaysia, USM Penang, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : s : Consumer Research : Internationalization : Innovation and Commercialisation Centre (ICC), 4th Floor, Administration Building, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Telephone Number : /2056/2057/2058/8008 Facsimile Number : Website : General : C/O Marketing Division, USAINS Group of Companies, Kompleks EUREKA, University Science Malaysia (USM), USM, Penang, Malaysia Tel: (6) Fax: (6) Bureau of Innovation & Consultancy, University Technology Malaysia (UTM), Pusat Industri, Technovation Park, UTM Skudai, Johore, Malaysia. Contact: Mr. Mohd Syazli Md Tahir Te : / Fax : / Website: Institute of Research Management and Consultancy, C313, Bangunan IPS, University Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Phone : (603) , (603) Fax : (603) Centre for Research Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), UKM BANGI, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel : (603) /3095 Fax : (603) Website: Chief Executive Officer, UKM Pakarunding Pty Ltd, National University (Kebangsaan) Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel : / Fax : Universiti Malaysia Sarawak - Centre for Technology Transfer and Consultancy (CTTC), Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. Telephone Fax (General) Universiti Malaysia Sabah Research Commercialization Unit, Locked Bag No. 2073, 88999, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia Telephone: (+6088) atau Fax : (+6088) 93 92 Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute - Institut Penyelidikan dan Kemajuan Pertanian Malaysia MARDI Hq., P. O. Box 12301, General Post Office, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Telephone : Telefax : Website : National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia - Institut Penyelidikan Hidraulik Kebangsaan Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Lot 5377, Putra Permai Road, Seri Kembangan, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Website : Forest Research Institute Malaysia -Institut Penyelidikan Perhutanan Malaysia, Kepong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel : Hotline : Fax : Website : Malaysian Institute of Nuclear Research (MINT) Institut Penyelidikan Nuklear Malaysia, Bangi, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia Tel : Fax : Website : Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia -Jabatan Mineral dan Geosains Malaysia, 19 th 22th Floor, Tabung Haji Building, Tun Razak Road, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Website : Sabah Malaysia Forestry Department - Jabatan Perhutanan Sabah, Km 10, Labuk Road, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia Headquarter, Malaysian Sabah Forestry Department, PO Box 68, Sandakan, Sabah. Tel: , , Fax: , Website : Department of Veterinary Service Malaysia - Jabatan Perkhidmatan Haiwan, Veterinary Hospital of Federal Territory (Wilayah Persekutuan), KM 4, Selar 4 Road, Off Cheras Road, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Wisma Tani, Podium Block Lot 4G1, Precinct Putrajaya Tel : , Fax: Website : Malaysian (Sabah) Department of Agriculture - Jabatan Pertanian Sabah, Level 1, 5, 6 dan 7, Wisma Pertanian Sabah, Tasik Road (Off Maktab Gaya Road), Luyang, PO Box 2050, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Tel: Fax: Malaysian (Sarawak) Department of Agriculture - Jabatan Pertanian Sarawak, Headquarters of Agriculture, Level 7, 12-17, Pelita Towel, Tun Abdul Rahman Yakub Road, Petra Jaya, Kuching, Sarawak. 94 93 Malaysian Rubber Board - Lembaga Getah Malaysia, Natural Rubber Building (Towel) Level 17 & 18, Natural Rubber Building, 148, Ampang Road, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Website : Malaysian Cocoa Board - Lembaga Koko Malaysia, 5th & 6th Floor, Wisma SEDCO, Locked Bag 211, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Tel : Fax : , Website : Malaysian Palm Oil Board - Lembaga Minyak Sawit Malaysia No. 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia. P.O. Box 10620, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Website : MOMOS Berhad, Lot 2820, Sg. Penchala Road, Off Damansara Road, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing (MACRES) Pusat Remote Sensing Negara, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), 13, Tun Ismail Road, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tel : Fax : / Website : Standard and Industrial Research Institute Malaysia Ltd (SIRIM Berhad ) 1, Dato' Menteri Drive, P.O. Box 7035, Section 2, Shah Alam, MALAYSIA Tel : Fax : Hotline : 95 DIRECTORY OF MALAYSIAN CHEMICAL PRODUCTION COMPANY SIMPLIFIED ( UPDATED SEPTEMBER 2011) Also To (37) : [add-in : Globelink Container Line (M) Sdn Bhd] Also To (39) : [add-in : Worldwide Resins & Chemicals Sdn Bhd] Also To (40) : [add-in : Thiam Joo (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd] Also To (41) : [add-in : Texchem Materials Sdn Bhd] Also To (42) : [add-in : Stolthaven (Westport) Sdn Bhd] Also To (43) : [add-in : Samchem Sdn Bhd] Also To (45) : [add-in : Leschaco (M) Sdn Bhd] Also To (46) : [add-in : Kvaerner Petrominco Engineering Sdn Bhd] Also To (49) : [add-in : Kenso Corporation (M) Sdn Bhd] Also To (50) : [add-in : JJ-Degussa Chemicals (M) Sdn Bhd] Also To (51) : [add-in : Henkel (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd] Also To (52) : [add-in : Fimachem Sdn Bhd] Also To (54) : [add-in : Dow Chemical (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd] Also To (55) : [add-in : Challenger Avenue (M) Sdn Bhd] Also To (56) : [add-in : Chung Chemicals Sdn Bhd] Also To (57) : [add-in : Boustead Engineering Sdn Bhd] Also To (58) : [add-in : Behn Meyer Specialty Chemicals Sdn Bhd] Also To (61) : [add-in : Thor Specialties Sdn Bhd] Also To (64) : [add-in : Techbond Manufacturing Sdn Bhd] Also To (65) : [add-in : Rica Marketing Sdn Bhd] Also To (75) : [add-in : Southern Acids (M) Berhad] Also To (76) : [add-in : Schaefer Kalk (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd] Also To (78) : [add-in : Revertex (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd] Also To (79) : [add-in : Petlin (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd] Also To (84) : [add-in : National Starch & Chemical (M) Sdn Bhd] Also To (87) : [add-in : Malaya Acid Works Sdn Bhd] Also To (88) : [add-in : Malay-Sino Chemical Industries Sdn Bhd] Also To (90) : [add-in : Kaneka (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd] Also To (91) : [add-in : Hextar Chemicals Sendirian Berhad] Also To (93) : [add-in : Fumakilla Malaysia Berhad] Also To (94) : [add-in : FPG Oleochemicals Sdn Bhd] Also To (95) : [add-in : Fatty Chemical (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd] Also To (96) : [add-in : ExxonMobil Chemical Malaysia Sdn Bhd] Also To (98) : [add-in : Dairen Chemical (M) Sdn Bhd] Also To (101) : [add-in : Boustead Sissons Paints Sdn Bhd] Also To (102) : [add-in : BASF PETRONAS Chemicals Sdn Bhd] Also To (103) : [add-in : Ancom Berhad] Also To (106) : [add-in : Agricultural Chemicals (M) Sdn Bhd] 94 96 95 DIRECTORY OF AUSTRALIAN TECHNICAL AND FURTHER EDUCATION (TAFE) TERTIARY COLLEGE OF VICTORIA ( UPDATED 19 SEPTEMBER 2011) Chisholm Tafe, PO Box 684, Dandenong, Victoria 3175, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) East Gippsland Institute of Tafe, PO Box 668, Bairndale, Victoria 3875, Australia. Phone : Holmesglen Institute of Tafe, Chadstone Campus, Corner Batesford and Warrigal Road, Holmesglen, Victoria 3148, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) South West Institute of Tafe, PO Box 674, Warrnambool, Victoria 3280, Australia. Box Hill Institute of Tafe, Private Bag 2014, Box Hill, Victoria 3128, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) Kangan Batman Tafe, Private Bag 299, Somerton, Victoria 3062, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) Sunraysia Institute of Tafe, Mildura Campus, PO Box 1904, Mildura, Victoria 3502, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) Fax : +61-(0) 97 96 North Melbourne Institute of Tafe, 77-91, St Georges Road, Preston, Victoria 3072, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) Fax : +61-(0) Bendigo Regional Institute of Tafe, 136, Mc Crae Street, Bendigo, Victoria 3550, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) Fax : +61-(0) Gordon Institute of Tafe, 2, Fenwick Street, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) Fax : +61-(0) Goulburn Ovens Institute of Tafe, 57, Samaria Road, Benalla, Victoria 3672, Australia. Phone : Fax : +61-(0) William Angliss Institute of Tafe, 555, La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) Fax : +61-(0) Wodonga Institute of Tafe, 87, McKoy Street, West Wodonga, Victoria 3690, Australia. Phone : +61-(0) Fax : +61-(0) 98 97 DIRECTORY OF RESEARCH INSTITUTES IN THE WORLD ( UPDATED 21 SEPTEMBER 2011) Research Councils UK Secretariat, Polaris House, North Star Ave, Swindon SN2 1ET, United Kingdom. Tel : (alt: or ) Fax : The Royal Society, 6-9 Carlton House Terrace, London SW1Y 5AG, United Kingdom. Tel: +44 (0) Fax: +44 (0) Website : The National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, Virginia 22230, USA. Tel: (703) FIRS: (800) TDD: (800) Website : Foundation for Research, Science and Technology (FRST) 15-17, Murphy Street, PO Box 12240, Thorndon, Wellington 6044, New Zealand. Phone: Fax: Website : National Research Council of Canada, NRC Corporate Communications, 1200 Montreal Road, Bldg. M-58, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6. Phone: (613) or toll-free NRC-CNRC ( ) TTY number: (613) Fax: (613) Website : Coordinator, Program Literature, Corporate Projects, Eligibility of Institutions, Executive Vice-President s Office, Science and Engineering Research Canada (NSERC), 350 Albert Street, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 1H5, Canada. Tel.: 99 98 Ministry of Research and Technology Indonesia, Kementerian Negara Riset dan Teknologi Gedung II BPP Teknologi, Lt. 6, Jl. MH Thamrin 8, Jakarta 10340, Indonesia. Tel : (021) /67/68 Fax. (021) Website : Sekretariat Program Insentif, Kementerian Negara Riset dan Teknologi, u.p. Asisten Deputi Urusan Pengembangan Sistem Insentif, Gedung BPPT II, Lantai 7 Jln. M.H Thamrin No. 8, Jakarta Pusat Telepon: (021) , Secretariat Komisi Nasional Akreditasi Pranata Penelitian dan Pengembangan KNAPPP, Gedung II Parkir BPP Teknologi Lantai 8, Jl. M.H. Thamrin No. 8, Jakarta 10340, Indonesia. Tel : / Fax: National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, 111 Paholyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand. Tel : (66-2) Fax : (66-2) Thailand Pollution Management Technology Section Tel : Fax : Website : National Research Council of Thailand, Website : Singapore government, 8, Temasek Boulevard, Suntec Tower 3, #14-00 Singapore Tel : (65) Fax: (65) Website : National Marketing Department, 100 99 Public Communications Division, Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts (MICA), 140, Hill Street, 5th Storey, MICA Building, Singapore , REPUBLIC OF SINGAPORE. Attn: SINGOV Webmaster Singapore Institute of Food Science and Technology, c/o Singapore Professional Centre (SPC), 93 Toa Payoh Central, #05-01 Toa Payoh Community Building, Singapore Tel : Fax: Petroleum Unit, Office of the Prime Minister, Bahirah Building, Menteri Besar Road, Brunei Darussalam BB3910. Telephone: Facsimile: Website : - FEEDBACK Prime Minister's Office of Brunei, Istana Nurul Iman, Bandar Seri Begawan BA1000, Brunei. Telephone : Fax : Telex: BU Semaun Holdings Pty Ltd, Unit 2.02, Block D, 2nd Floor Yayasan Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Complex Jalan Pretty, Bandar Seri Begawan BS8711, Brunei Darussalam. address: Advanced Science and Technology Institute, ASTI Bldg., C.P. Garcia Ave., Technology Park Complex, U.P. Campus, Diliman, Quezon City, PHILIPPINES Tel : Fax : Ministry of Science and Technology Philippines, DOST Main Bldg., Room 302, Gen. Santos Ave., Bicutan, Taguig, Metro Manila, 1631 Philippines. Telephone Numbers: DOST Trunk line: (632) to 82, Local: 2031 SPU Direct Line/Tel, Fax: (632) 101 100 Website : International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines. Phone: +63 (2) Fax: +63 (2) Website : The Acedemy of Finland, Vilhonvuorenkatu 6, PL 99, Helsinki, Finland. Phone : (09) Fax : (09) Question : 46B0A&layout=aka_eng_sisa&tabletarget=data_1 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Siège : 3, rue Michel-Ange, Paris cedex 16 France. Téléphone : Télécopie : FRANCE INRA AGRONOMIC, 147 rue de l'université, Paris Cedex 07, France. Tél : +33(0) Fax : +33(0) Contact : Website : Germany Science Grant Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Kennedyallee 40, 53175, Bonn, Germany. Phone : 0228 / Fax : 0228 / Website : National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 48 Vasileos Konstantinou Avenue, Athens, Greece. Tel Fax Fragiskos N. Kolisis, Professor in Enzyme Technology (Responsible for the Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering National Technical University of Athens, 102 101 Director of the Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation Athens, Greece. Tel : /65 Czech Science Foundation, Narodni 3, Prague, Czech Republic. Fax : / Grant Agency of Checz Republic, Akademie věd ČR, Národní 3, Praha 1, Czech. Tel. : Fax : Swedish Research Council NT, SE Stockholm, Sweden. Phone : Fax : European Science Foundation, 1, quai Lezay Marnesia, BP 90015, F-67080, Strasbourg Cedex, France. Phone : +33-(0) Fax : +33-(0) Web contact : RIKEN Japan Technology Transfer Division, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama , Japan. Tel : +81-(0) Fax : +81-(0) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), 6 Ichibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo , Japan. JSPS Bangkok Office, 113 TWY Office Center, 10th Floor, Serm-mit Tower, 159, Sukhumvit Soi 21, Bangkok 10110, THAILAND. Tel : Fax : Website : Austrian Science Foundation (FWF), Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF), Haus der Forschung, Sensengasse 1, A-1090 Wien, Austria. Tel : Fax : 103 102 Website : Natural National Science Foundation of China (NSFC), 国家自然科学基金委员会, 北京市海淀区双清路 83 号, CHINA. Tel : / Fax : / Hong Kong Research Grants Council (RGC), 7/F., Shui On Centre, 6-8 Harbour Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China. Tel : (852) Fax : (852) The Croucher Foundation of Hong Kong, Suite 501, Nine Queen s Road Central, Hong Kong Phone : (852) Fax : (852) Beijing-Hong Kong Academic Exchange Centre, 16/F, Park Avenue Tower, 5, Moreton Terrace, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong Phone : Fax : Website : 行政院國家科學委員會 TAIWAN NATIONAL SCIENCE COUNCIL ( No. 106, HoPing E. Road, Sec.2, Taipei 10622, Taiwan (R.O.C.) (10622 台北市和平東路二段 106 號 ) TEL 電話 :(02) FAX 傳真 :(02) (Australian rep.) Contact Website : TAIWAN INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, 195 Chung Hsing Rd., Sec.4 Chu Tung, Hsin Chu, Taiwan 310, R.O.C. Tel: Fax: Contact Website : Collaborative Website : Macau Foundation, Address : Avenida da República, 6, Macau 地址 : 澳門民國大馬路 6 號電話 TEL:(853) 傳真 FAX:(853) 104 103 電子郵箱 Ministry of Science and Technology Vietnam, Bản quyền Trung tâm Tin học - Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ, 39, Tran Hung Dao Street, Ha Noi, Vietnam. Tel : (84-4) Fax : : (84-4) Web feedback Form : National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazzale Aldo Moro, , Roma, Italia. Tel : Fax : Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) and Korea Research Foundation (KRF), 180-1, Gajeong-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Dajeon , Korea. Tel : Fax : Korea Institute of Science and Technology Evaluation and Planning, 275, Yangjae-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea Tel : Fax : Website : Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), P/O Box NL2509 AC Den Haag, Netherland. Phone : +31 (0) Fax : +31 (0) The Netherland Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Schoemakerstraat 97, 2628 VK Delft, Postbus 6000, 2600 JA Delft, The Netherlands. Telefoon : Fax : Website : Department of Science & Technology, Technology Bhavan, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi , India. Tel : , Fax: , 105 104 Website : Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, The Head, Human Resource Development Group, CSIR Complex, Library Avenue, Pusa New Delhi , India. Tel. Nos: (011) , Fax. No: (011) , Website: Russian Academy of Sciences, , GSP-1, Moscow V-71, Leninskii avenue, 14, Russia. Phone: (Information bureau) Fax: (495) (Len 32а),(495) (Len 14) Professor Aly Islam M. ALY, Chairman, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), 3 Ahmad El Zomor Street, El Zohoor District, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt. Tel : (+20-2) Fax : (+20-2) Professor Fawzi Abdel Kader ELREFAI, President, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), 101 Kasr Al-Aini Street, Cairo, Egypt. Tel : (+20-2) Fax : (+20-2) Professor Reza MANSOURI, Vice-Minister for Research, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel : (+98-21) Fax : (+98-21) / Dr Javad RAHIGHI, Head Neutron Physics Group, Associate Professor in Experimental Nuclear Physics, P.O. Box , Tehran, Iran. Tel : (+98-21) Fax : (+98-21) Professor Eliezer RABINOVICI, Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. 106 105 Tel : (+972-2) Fax : (+972-2) Professor Abdul-Halim WRIEKAT, President, Al-Balqa' Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan. Tel (+962-5) : Fax (+962-5) Dr Masud AHMAD, Member (Physical Sciences), Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan. Tel : (+92-51) Fax : (+92-51) Professor S. RIAZUDDIN, Director, National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore-53700, Pakistan. Tel : (+92-42) /13.50 Fax : (+92-42) Professor Said A. ASSAF, Director-General, Arafat National Scientific Centre for Applied Research, P.O. Box 903, Ramallah, West Bank, Palestinian Authority. Tel / Fax : (+972-2) Professor Salman M. SALMAN, Professor of Physics, Physics Department, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, West Bank, Palestinian Authority. Tel : (+970-9) Fax : (+970-9) , (+972-9) Professor Okay CAKIROGLU, President, Turkish Atomic Energy Authority (TAEA), Eskisehir Yolu 9 km Lodumlu, Ankara, Turkey. Tel : ( ) /52.46 Fax : ( ) Professor Dincer ULKU, Department of Engineering Physics, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey. Tel : ( ) Fax : ( ) 107 106 Dr Naser QAMHIEH, Assistant Professor, Physics Department, United Arab Emirates University, P. O. Box 17551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Tel : (+971-3) Fax : (+971-3) H.E. Mr Hans-Heinrich WREDE, Ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary, Permanent Delegate of Germany to UNESCO, avenue Franklin Roosevelt, Paris, France. Tel : (+33-1) Fax : (+33-1) Professor Nikolaos G. ALEXANDROPOULOS, Professor Emeritus of Physics, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P. O. Box 1186, Ioannina, Greece. Tel : ( ) / Fax : ( ) / Ms Olga STERGHIOU, Head, Department of International Organizations, General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry for Development, Messogion Street, Athens, Greece. Tel : ( ) / Fax : ( ) Professor Abdelhamid H. ELGAZZAR, Chairman, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, Kuwait. Tel : (+965) Fax : (+965) Dr Adel M. QABAZARD, Research Scientist, Department of Advanced Systems, Environmental & Urban Development Division, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, Kuwait. Tel : (+965) ext 4542/5146 Fax : (+965) 108 107 Professor Vladimir KADYSHEVSKY, Director, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Moscow Region , Russian Federation. Tel : (+7-095) Fax : (+7-095) Professor Sergey P. KAPITZA, President, Euro-Asian Physical Society, 17 Kursovoy, Moscow, Russian Federation. Tel : (+7-095) / Fax : (+7-095) Professor Tord EKELOF, Department of Radiation Sciences, ISV, Uppsala University, Box 535, Uppsala, Sweden. Tel : (+46-18) Fax : (+46-18) Professor Nils MARTENSSON, MAX-LAB, Lund University, Box 118, S Lund, Sweden. Tel : (+46-46) Fax : (+46-46) Professor Samar HASNAIN, Professor of Molecular Biophysics, Joint Coordinator of NW Structural Genomics Centre, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, United Kingdom. Tel : ( ) Fax : ( ) H. E. Mrs Louise V. OLIVER, Ambassador, Permanent Delegate to UNESCO, Embassy of the United States of America, 2, Avenue Gabriel, Paris Cedex 08, France. Tel : (+33-1) Fax : (+33-1) 109 108 APPENDIX A : GROUP PETITION TO CONSTRUCT CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE IN THE STATE OF PENANG IN MALAYSIA Here the community members of throughout the world would like to support the establishment of Chung Ling Tertiary College in the state of Penang in Malaysia. The members of the community will guarantee to fully utilize the facilities in future proposed University College building to conduct teaching, learning and activities in various professional studies relevant to the objectives and purposes of the Chinese community. Name Phone Position Race Signature Note Please refer to website for the proposal of Chung Ling Tertiary College in the state of Penang in Malaysia. Further information could be available from : Name (volunteer) at .., mobile / sms :.. Thank you for your support. 110 109 APPENDIX B : PETITION TO SUPPORT THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE, PENANG IN MALAYSIA Name : Optional - Phone : Postal Address : Do you understand Chinese language? Written / Oral / None Signature : Date : I wish to support the Chung Ling Tertiary College Establishment RECEIPT OF PETITION : THANK YOU FOR YOUR SUPPORT IN TERTIARY COLLEGE DEVELOPMENT CONTACT PERSON :.. PHONE :. . VOLUNTEER MAILING ADDRESS : PETITION TO SUPPORT THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE, PENANG IN MALAYSIA Name : Optional - Phone : Postal Address : Do you understand Chinese language? Written / Oral / None Signature : Date : I wish to support the Chung Ling Tertiary College Establishment RECEIPT OF PETITION : THANK YOU FOR YOUR SUPPORT IN TERTIARY COLLEGE DEVELOPMENT CONTACT PERSON :.. PHONE :. . VOLUNTEER MAILING ADDRESS : 111 110 APPENDIX C : FORMAL LETTER TO REQUEST EXTERNAL SPONSORSHIPS FOR CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE IN THE STATE OF PENANG IN MALAYSIA Dear sirs, REQUEST FOR SPONSORSHIPS OF LAND AND BUILDING FOR CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE With reference to the matter above, as a volunteer to develop Chung Ling Tertiary College, I would like to request sponsorships for the building of tertiary educational institute that could help the society to conduct various tertiary educational activities that could benefit mainly the multicultural Chinese communities. 2. The purpose of the sponsorship for the building particularly for tertiary study programs is to promote the understanding of the concept of Chinese culture and philosophies through various professional development programs organized by the professional groups where one physical building is required such as Tertiary College. The type of academic faculties and research departments will be suggested by the interested organization or individual to meet with the objective of the Tertiary College as a building, land and utility sponsor, at the same time, to meet the objectives of the other sponsoring organizations. The proposed Tertiary College Building will try to suggest tertiary educational program that could mainly suit the need of your organization, at the same time, ensure the program that funded by your organization is suitable for the needs of the multiracial, multicultural and multireligious community and consistent with the aims and objectives of societies. 3. Kindly please contact me if your organization or yourself would like to donate cash or cash-in-kind, volunteering services, beneficial ideas and constructive directions that could be helpful mainly for your organization or yourself to expand your business opportunity among the multiracial community via physical tertiary college establishment program. 4. At the same time, you or your organization is welcome to request further details on the issues and content of sponsorship proposal that need to be addressed before proceeding into formal discussion progressively. Please inform us your requirement and the tertiary college establishment committee will try to fulfil the wishes of the sponsors to make the application of physical tertiary education centre sponsorship successful. 5. At this stage, I would like to express my appreciation towards your concern for the society via reviewing and supporting the social events organized by the Tertiary College Building via physical higher educational institutional sponsorships. Thank you! With Blessings, Name, Volunteer for Tertiary College Establishment Committee Address : Mobile / SMS : 112 111 APPENDIX D : COVER LETTER AND QUESTIONAIRE TO CONSTRUCT CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE IN THE STATE OF PENANG IN MALAYSIA COVER LETTER FOR THE PARTICIPATION OF INTERVIEWS IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF TERTIARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Dear interested volunteers, I would like to appreciate your effort and commitment in the participation of the short interview to complete the questionnaire for the initial survey on the establishment of Tertiary College, a higher education centre of Chinese origin. The purposes of the proposed Tertiary College are to provide a fixed and self-owned professional development spaces for the multicultural community members to conduct various higher educational studies that will bring profits to the fellow intellect groups in the society in various professional practises and increase the marketing values of the educational and philosophical outputs of the Chinese Studies. This is a long term project, so serious consideration and efforts has to be placed on it. As an initial step, this survey has to be conducted to research on the best direction in the establishment of the Tertiary College Building that suit the objectives of the multicultural Chinese community, at the same time, relevant to the professional development activities of the community members. This survey will take approximately 15 minutes. It could be completed online and submitted to the organisers. The interviewer will appreciate if you could spent some time to present your comment and ideas that will be forwarded to decision maker for the Tertiary College Building Committee to provide better facilities to all the future community members. With thanks, The Interviewer 113 112 QUESTIONAIRE FOR SURVEY IN DEVELOPING CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE IN THE STATE OF PENANG IN MALAYSIA Notice : Please choose the answer(s) of your choice. SECTION A : APRROVAL FOR CONSTRUCTION OF TERTIARY COLLEGE BUILDING 1. Do you agree one Chung Ling Tertiary College Building to be constructed? Yes (If yes, go to B) No (If no, go to A2) 2. If No to A1, please indicate the reason(s) of your objection. involving too high cost difficult to manage not enough students other(s) : please indicate not required for small community SECTION B : TERTIARY COLLEGE BUILDING DESIGN SELECTION 1. What is the type of building that you desire for Chung Ling Tertiary College Building? one storey cuboid hexagon double storeys cuboids other(s) : please indicate pentagon 2. What is the location do you intend to locate the Chung Ling Tertiary College Building? Georgetown Central Tanjung Bunga other(s) : please indicate Penang Island West Air Itam Suburb 3. What is the value of building do you desire for Chung Ling Tertiary College Building? below 1 Million 3 Millions 5 Millions More than 8 Millions 1 Million 3 Millions 5 Millions 8 Millions (Ringgit Malaysia, RM) 4. What is / are the main objective(s) of constructing Chung Ling Tertiary College Building? internal self-owned educational space facilitate Chinese studies save cost of students in long term other(s) : please indicate more convenience for tertiary studies 5. Do you agree to provide all sorts of support to the establishment of Chung Ling Tertiary College Building? Yes No SECTION C : CHARACTER OF INTERVIEWEE 1. What is / are your profession(s)? Professor / Lecturer / Teacher Technical staff other(s) : please indicate Engineer Student 2. What is your age group? below Above 114 What is your level of education? High School Degree Postdoctorate Professional Certificate Diploma Postgraduate SECTION D : PROFESSIONALISM 1. How many years have you been in your profession? less than 3 years 6 15 years Above 25 years 3 5 years years 2. Do you belong to any professional membership group? Yes (If yes, pleased specify : ) No (If no, reason : ) SECTION E : INTERVIEWEE CONTACT NAME : PHONE : ADDRESS : SIGNATURE : DATE : THANK YOU FOR PARTICIPATING IN THE INTERVIEW RECEIPT FOR INTERVIEW PARTICIPATION NAME OF INTERVIEWER : SIGNATURE : PHONE : DATE : TIME : ADDRESS : LOCATION OF INTERVIEW : THANK YOU FOR PARTICIPATING IN THE INTERVIEW 115 114 QUESTIONAIRE FOR SURVEY IN DEVELOPING CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE IN THE STATE OF PENANG IN MALAYSIA CHINESE LANGUAGE 1. 你认为钟灵大学学院应该建立总大学在何处? (a) 乔治市 (GEORGETOWN) (b) 阿依淡 (AYER ITAM) (c) 丹绒武雅 (TANJUNG BUNGA) (d) 其他地点, 请注明 : 2. 钟灵大学学院应该招收怎样的大学生? (a) 特优甲等 (b) 优等乙等 (c) 中等丙等 (d) 劣质 3. 钟灵大学学院势必朝向世界性卓越超级优秀大学的目标, 那心目中的大学应 该会在全世界优秀大学排名表排在哪里? (a) 一至一百名 (b) 一百零一至二百名 (c) 二百零一至三百名 (d) 超过三百名至榜上无名 4. 钟灵大学学院预料招收华人学生的巴仙率是 : (a) 一百巴仙 (b) 七十至九十九巴仙 (c) 五十至六十九巴仙 (d) 低过五十巴仙 5. 在您心目中谁会是最理想的钟灵大学学院副校长 : 6. 您是否认为在计划中的钟灵大学学院是一间以华人为主的偏激主义种族大 学? (a) 是 (b) 否 (c) 不知道, 试写出原因 ; 7. 试选出钟灵大学学院所应该提供的科系 : (a) 牙医学系 (b) 土木工程系 (c) 会计系 (d) 自然科学 (e) 化学 (f) 物理 (g) 化学工程 (h) 机械工程 (i) 电气工程 (j) 食品科学 116 115 (k) 法律 (l) 数学 (m) 生物 (n) 绘测学 (o) 宗教哲学 (p) 工商管理 (q) 中医学 (r) 中文与中国文学 (s) 社会科学 (t) 心理学 (u) 西方医学 (v) 电脑工程 (w) 电脑科学 (x) 地理 (y) 语文 (z) 基础工艺或其他, 请说明 : 8. 试选出钟灵大学学院所应提供科系的程度是 : (a) 文凭班 (b) 证书班 (c) 学士班 (d) 硕士班 (e) 博士班 (f) 其他, 请说明 : 9. 试选出钟灵大学学院所应具有的大学专业办学目标 : (a) 提供最优秀的高水准教育 (b) 聚集特优生予一所学府互相间学习 (c) 成立华人为主的研究院 (d) 提供最佳及最好的成人学习的硬体, 软体设备与学习研究环境 (e) 训练并提供最高素质的讲师与研究人员 (f) 塑造一个种族, 宗教与文化和谐平衡的学习与研究空间 (g) 为社区与国家训练高素质的的各行业专家与专业人士 (h) 其他, 请说明 : 10. 您认为钟灵大学学院的大学校长与副校长的最佳种族人选是 : (a) 华人或中国人后代 (b) 土著 (c) 英国人后代 (d) 其他, 请说明 : 11. 钟灵大学学院预料招收华人高级行政人员, 讲师与研究人员的巴仙率是 : (a) 一百巴仙 (b) 七十至九十九巴仙 (c) 五十至六十九巴仙 117 116 (d) 低过五十巴仙 12. 钟灵大学学院所应招收华人总工作人员 ( 非高级行政人员 ) 的巴仙率是 : (a) 一百巴仙 (b) 七十至九十九巴仙 (c) 低过七十巴仙 (d) 没有意见 13. 钟灵大学学院所应招收非大马国籍的外国学生的比率会设在目标予 : (a) 低过五巴仙 (b) 六至二十巴仙 (c) 超过二十巴仙 (d) 没有意见 14. 钟灵大学学院会有多栋高楼大厦作为行政中心, 研究院, 讲堂课室及其他室 内活动用途 您认为大学最高建筑物会有多少层楼? (a) 低过五层 (b) 六至十层 (c) 十一至二十层 (d) 二十一至三十层 (e) 超过三十层 15. 在您印象中的钟灵大学学院应该准备哪一项设备? ( 可选超过一项 ) (a) 游泳池 (b) 室内体育馆 (c) 健身房所 (d) 回教堂 (e) 天主教堂 ( 包括基督及犹太教使用 ) (f) 寺庙 ( 佛教, 兴都教, 锡克教使用 ) (g) 多元宗教中心 (h) 科学展览馆 (i) 博物院 (j) 美术馆 (k) 学生活动大厦或建筑特定 (l) 商业中心 (m) 公园及草场 (n) 养马场 (o) 附加多元用途讲堂 (p) 法庭 (q) 图书馆 (r) 读书室 ( 二十四小时 ) (s) 电脑室 ( 二十四小时 ) (t) 养鱼场 (u) 小湖 (v) 多元功能用途会议室 118 117 (w) 停车大楼或场 (x) 免费食水具 (y) 缆车或巴士 ( 校内使用 ) (z) 其他 : ( 请清楚列明各项项目无拘束 ) 16. 如果钟灵大学学院向您筹款您会捐出多少钱? ( 大马币 ) (a) 低于一百 (b) 一百至五百 (c) 五百至一千 (d) 一千至一万 (e) 超过一万 17. 如果钟灵大学学院须要您的协助, 请问您会在哪一方面帮得上? (a) 没有兴趣 (b) 帮不上忙或不知道怎样协助 (c) 财力协助 (d) 捐助地皮 (e) 赠送建筑材料 (f) 义务人力资源开校行政 (g) 宣传 (h) 祈祷发展顺利 (i) 加入建校筹委会智囊团 (j) 提供创校免费专业指导设计 - 校园场地, 课程纲要, 法律事务等 (k) 捐献软体设备电脑科学仪器, 文化及艺术设计, 校车树木等 (l) 政治庇护 (m) 提供高素质的优惠及纯正折扣的物质与服务以减低建校开销及成本 (n) 其他 : ( 请列明或选择多项 ) 18. 您认为钟灵大学学院应该注册为一间股票交易所的挂牌公司吗? (a) 是 (b) 否 (c) 不知道 19. 钟灵大学学院的教育管理及研究发展模式应该向哪一个国家的大学看齐? (a) 中国 (b) 美国 (c) 英国 (d) 新加坡 (e) 大马本土 (f) 其他, 请列明 : 20. 如果钟灵大学学院成功开办的话, 您是否会把您的子女送入就读大专科系? (a) 是 (b) 否 (c) 不知道 21. 您认为钟灵大学学院兴学的最终目标应该是 : 119 118 (a) 使华文中国语文成为统一国家及中华民族的团结语言 (b) 提供华人子弟升学至大专教育水准的管道 (c) 不分民族及及国际地位为世界子民提供世界水准的大专教育 (d) 其他, 请列明 : 22. 您认为成立钟灵大学学院的宏愿口号应该是 : (a) 爱吾钟灵 (b) 仁慎勤毅 (c) 育我育人 (d) 华族第一 (e) 其他, 请列明 : 23. 您认为象征钟灵大学学院的符号应该会有 ( 可选多过一项 ): (a) 时钟 (b) 月亮 (c) 星星 (d) 太阳 (e) 树木 (f) 鸟 (g) 稻米 (h) 火箭 (i) 眼睛 (j) 剑 (k) 书 (l) 十字架 (m) 卍字 (n) 桥 (o) 水 (p) 其他, 请列明 : 24. 您认为象征钟灵大学学院的颜色应该会有 ( 可选多过一项 ): (a) 红 (b) 橙 (c) 黄 (d) 绿 (e) 蓝 (f) 靛青 (g) 紫 (h) 金 (i) 银 (j) 铜 (k) 其他, 请列明 : 25. 要成立钟灵大学学院的年份年份应该定于 : (a) 2015 年 年 120 119 (b) 2027 年 年 (c) 2049 年 年 (d) 迟过 2060 年 26. 要正式成立钟灵大学学院的生肖十二地支的年份应设于 : (a) 子 ( 鼠 ) (b) 丑 ( 牛 ) (c) 寅 ( 虎 ) (d) 卯 ( 兔 ) (e) 辰 ( 龙 ) (f) 巳 ( 蛇 ) (g) 午 ( 马 ) (h) 未 ( 羊 ) (i) 申 ( 猴 ) (j) 酉 ( 鸡 ) (k) 戌 ( 狗 ) (l) 亥 ( 猪 ) 27. 凭您个人的见解与智慧, 建立钟灵大学学院的展望将会是 : (a) 当务之急 (b) 尚可一试 (c) 妙想天开 (d) 其他, 请列明 : 28. 您认为钟灵大学学院的校长 (CHANCELLOR) 的最佳人选的背景必须是 ( 可选 多过一项 ) (a) 马来西亚最高元首或其皇室成员代表 (b) 马来西亚政治人物代表 (c) 教授级专才 (d) 德高望重的社会人物 (e) 其他, 请列明 : 29. 钟灵大学学院的男女学生的比率应该是 : (a) 10:0 (b) 7:2 (c) 5:5 (d) 3:7 (e) 0:10 (f) 没有性别固打 (g) 其他, 请列明 : 30. 以下的华人佳节中, 有哪一个节目应该被列为钟灵大学学院的特别假期?( 可选多 过一项 ) (a) 华人新年春节 ( 正月初一天 ) (b) 天公诞 ( 正月初九 ) (c) 元宵节 ( 正月十五 ) 121 120 (d) 清明节 (e) 端午节 ( 五月初五 ) (f) 中元节 ( 七月十五 ) (g) 中秋节 ( 八月十五 ) (h) 冬至 (i) 大年初夕 ( 十二月二十九或三十 )( 农历 ) (j) 其他, 请列明 : 31. 未来的钟灵大学学院学术及研究高级行政人员将会优先保留给钟灵校友在各领域的杰出人才 您会介绍谁来担当这项重任? 姓名, 地址, 电话, 传真, 电邮或网页 ( 以便日后共同商讨建校合作的 ): 32. 您认为成功在未来 30 年内设立钟灵大学学院的可能性有多高? (a) 没有可能 (b)1-25% (c)26-50% (d)51-75% (d)76-99% (e)100%( 一定能 ) 33. 您认为设立钟灵大学学院的最大障碍及忧虑会是什么? (a) 种族协调 (b) 政治因素 (c) 资金不足 (d) 人才贫乏 (e) 其他, 请列明 : 34. 您认为协助钟灵大学学院的成立会给您本身带来最大的好处是什么? (a) 没有好处 (b) 名誉声望 (c) 经济地位 (d) 增广见闻及知识 (e) 其他, 请列明 : 35. 您认为钟灵大学学院的大门方向应朝向哪里? (b) 中国北京 (b) 喜马来亚山最高峰顶 (c) 方向不重要 (d) 其他, 请列明 : 36. 您认为有意进入钟灵大学学院的学生是否应经过大学学院的较艰难的专业考试才能够被录取? (a) 是 (b) 否 (c) 视个别课程而定 (d) 不知道, 试写出原因 ; 37. 钟灵大学学院招生的特别条件是 ( 可选择多项 ): 122 121 (a) 学生必须懂得至少高中水准的中文 (b) 学生必须懂得至少小学的中文 (c) 学生只会口操基本华文就足够了 (d) 不须中文基础, 只须符合专业课程入学资格就好了 (e) 其他, 请列明各项 : 38. 您认为钟灵大学学院应该把同区域的哪一间大学作为兴学榜样? (a) 新加坡国立大学 (NUS) (b) 新加坡南洋理工学院 (NTU) (c) 马来亚大学 ( 大马 ) (UM) (d) 马来西亚国立大学 (UKM) (e) 其他, 请列明 : 39. 您认为钟灵大学学院的筹委会与董事部应把兴学的方向朝向 : (a) 大专研究院 (b) 大学学士课程 (c) 大专专业成人教育课程 (d) 中学及小学幼稚园 (e) 其他, 请列明 : 40. 您认为钟灵大学学院所聘请的华人讲师, 教授与副教授的巴仙率应是 : (a)0-20% (b)21-50% (c)51-75% (d)76-100% (e) 没有固打 41. 在成立钟灵大学学院的当时您同意以下哪一个建议 ( 可选择多项 ): (a) 只招收名列前茅的华人优秀生 (b) 由于是华人兴建的学府, 大学校长及副校长都必须由华人领导 (c) 成绩在总人数以下的学生都必须自动退学以保持素质 (d) 大学应该想尽办法让所有被筛选过的学生寻得奖学金深造, 以保留人才 (e) 招生方面公开接纳全部有资格的学生, 如果学位不够就应该增加班次让所有意学生就读任何专业科系 (f) 大学副校长应在大学总表现差强人意的情形下引咎辞职 (g) 年级过轻或过老的学生不适合就读钟灵大学学院的科系, 因为钟灵大学学院不是特别教育大学 (h) 大学应该注重科学工艺课程多于文科 (i) 任何人, 不分种族, 年龄, 辈份, 社会地位, 性别, 都必须受邀请参与兴建与管理钟灵大学学院的工作 (j) 任何人都欢迎提出宝贵的意见, 作出建设性的批评以进一步改良钟灵大学学院的兴学过程 (k) 钟灵大学学院既然是百年树人大计划, 就应该在适当时期踊跃进行逐步筹备工作, 即使是计划被短暂搁置也必须设定良好的跟进制度以让有意的接班人继续实现兴大学的理想 123 122 (l) 筹备工作必须先确保有足够的硬体设备, 例如校地皮建筑, 专才策划软体设施, 例如师资, 课程纲要等 (m) 钟灵大学学院的学术与研究文化风气必须创造出马来西亚独特风格而不是直接模仿美国或中国外来大学为标准榜样 42. 钟灵大学学院的象征性历史名人物应该首选 : (a) 神农 (b) 孔子 (c) 老子 (d) 秦始皇 (e) 唐朝女皇武则天 (f) 中国国父孙中山 (g) 中国共产党首领毛泽东 (h) 其他, 请列明 : 43. 钟灵大学学院的象征性字眼是 : (a) 唐 (b) 汉 (c) 华 (d) 商 (e) 其他, 请列明 : 44. 在成立钟灵大学学院的当时您反对以下哪一个建议 : (a) 只要肯捐出一笔数额庞大的建校资金即使入学资格不足者都可以获得特别考虑而进入钟灵大学学院的某些科系就读 (b) 在某些学术竞争的大学学系中, 即使是董事介绍也应该以学生成绩作为标准以确保公平竞争及保持大学素质 (c) 在兴办卓越大学的理念下, 钟灵大学学院的入学资格应以学术表现作为总标准而无须考虑课外活动表现 (d) 钟灵大学学院的科系安排都是已编排好的博士班八年大学制而不须分学士硕士科系 (e) 在学术成绩同样标青的学生中, 那一些经济水平较低的学生将会有优先权进入钟灵大学学院就读 (f) 在钟灵大学学院学生资料的记录中, 那一些有华族汉人血统的非华裔也应该被归类成 华人, 钟灵大学学院的员工资料也是应如此 (g) 钟灵大学学院的某些系院应将被列为中国 ( 包括香港和澳门 ), 台湾和新加坡等华人为主国家内卓越大学的外国大学分院 (h) 学术成绩标青而品行差的工作人员或学生不应被纳入钟灵大学学院的一份子, 以保持校誉 (i) 懂得口操或书写基本中文, 以及符合入学资格的非华族的工作人员或学生将会获得优先权被接纳为钟灵大学学院的一份子, 以创造一个多元文化的学习环境 (j) 钟灵大学学院的办学目标应朝向一间研究大学多予其他学术学府, 专注研究及创新华族的文化与科技, 才能与先进国如日本或先进欧美国家竞争 124 123 (k) 钟灵大学学院应以西方国家的人权作为标准, 就是让每位员工和学生有言论发表的自由权, 即使在政治理念上与国家领导人有异也应必须受到尊重 (l) 群众集会或大型政治讲座不可被批准在钟灵大学学院的校园内举行, 以避免混乱和滋事者趁机破坏 (m) 钟灵大学学院的办学方向应以盈利为主, 这样才能确保大学的长远生存, 素质是其次 (n) 钟灵大学学院会是 100% 全私立大学而不须向马来西亚政府争取任何一分拨款, 才能确保其真正独立大学的地位 (o) 钟灵大学学院的大学兴建阶段工作进程都必须谨慎进行策划至动工完成为止, 拥有敏感性的内部协调问题都必须严守保密, 即使某些程序并非透明化进行 (p) 为了避免滥用程序的衍生问题, 钟灵大学学院应改名为比较有意义的名字 (q) 钟灵大学学院只是代表一小撮华社的高等学府而并非象征整个大马人的学校 45. 您认为在成立钟灵大学学院时须要多少大马华社社会的支持? (a) % (b) 50-74% (c) 25-49% (d) 0-24% 46. 要成功成立钟灵大学学院的意愿下, 您认为应该让多少华社社会了解及探讨整个大专院校的成立过程? (e) % (f) 50-74% (g) 25-49% (h) 0-24% 47. 钟灵大学学院的成立程序复杂及必须克服很多的问题, 那您认为您可以帮助到钟灵大学学院解决到什么问题及克服怎样的疑难? (a) 组织华社共同讨论及磋商钟灵大学学院的成立问题及寻求解决途径 (b) 收集一万个或以上大马人的签名以表达支持钟灵大学学院的成立 (c) 研究钟灵大学学院的问卷并研究及收集各方面对钟灵大学学院的意见 (d) 群众示威以向政府施压要求协助钟灵大学学院的发展 (e) 言论及行动对付无理反对钟灵大学学院成立的人或组织 (f) 说服大财团或财力雄厚的公司赞助成立钟灵大学学院 (g) 义务说服及了解反对成立钟灵大学学院的人及原因以进一步研究 (h) 提呈建议书或备忘录予钟灵大学学院筹委会 (i) 其他, 请列明 : 48. 请指点一个象征钟灵大学学院幸运吉祥阿拉伯数字 : (a)1 (b)2 (c)3 (d)4 (e)5 (f)6 125 (g)7 (h)8 (i)9 (j)0 49. 您认为大马社会需要一个以华人为主的钟灵大学学院以及华社有如此必要在大马马来人政治主流的国家设立一所高等学府? (a) 是 (b) 否 (c) 不知道 (d) 其他, 请列明 : 50. 钟灵大学学院的政治气氛会比较适合 : (a) 共产党 (b) 社会主义 (c) 民主人士 (d) 种族优越者 (e) 其他, 请列明 : 124 126 125 CHUNG LING TERTIARY COLLEGE PENANG OF MALAYSIA - SAMPLE ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTATION DEPARTMENTAL AND UNIT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION FORM FOR BORANG PENILAIAN PRESTASI JABATAN DAN UNIT 部门表现评估表 Name of Department : Date : Nama Jabatan 部门名 : 日期 : Tarikh Name of the Accompanying Officer and Position : Nama Pegawai Iringan dan Jawatan 随同职员与职位 : Contact : Time : Venue : Hubungi 通讯 : Masa 时间 : Tempat 地点 : No Evaluation Criteria / Ciri Penilaian 评估特征 Section A : Administration 管理 Marks / Markah 分数 Bahagian A : Pengurusan 1. Documentation / Pemfailan 文件管理 2 Venue cleanliness / Kebersihan tempat 地点净度 3 Management impression / Impresi pegawai 管理层影响 4 Environmental comfort / Keselesaan persekitaran 环境舒适度 Section B : Staffing 工作人员 Bahagian B : Pekerja 5 Worker quality / Kualiti Pekerja 工人素质 6 Staff welfare / Kebajikan pekerja 工人福利 7 Training program / Program latihan 训练课程 8 Supporting partners / Rakan kongsi sokongan 合作伙伴的支持 Section C : Fiscal and Property 资金和资产 Bahagian C : Perbendaharaan dan Hakmilik 9 Financial status / Kedudukan kewangan 财政状况 10 Facility / kemudahan 设施 11 External funding / sumber kewangan luar 外来资金合作 12 Constant sponsorships / Penajaan tetap 赞助量 127 126 Section D : Operation 运作 Bahagian D : Operasi 13 Operational output / Pengeluaran operasi 生产运作 14 Rules adaptation / Penyesuaian peraturan 规则适应 15 Technical capabilities / Keupayaan teknik 技术能力 16 Technology application / Penggunaan teknologi 科技运 用 Section E : Future Prospect 未来动向 Bahagian E : Tinjauan Masa Depan 17 Social mission / Misi sosial 社会目标 18 Objectives and vision / Tujuan dan visi 目的和宏愿 19 R & D / Penyelidikan dan pembangunan 研究与发展 20 Departmental publicity / Penyiaran jabatan 部门宣传 Additional Comment 附加意见 : Ulasan Tambahan : Note: Marks (5) is the highest whereas (1) is the lowest. Total passing marks for the department is 80% for re-registration. Nota : Markah (5) adalah tertinggi manakala (1) adalah terendah. Jumlah markah kelulusan untuk jabatan ialah 80% untuk pendaftaran semula. 注 :(5) 分为最高分而 (1) 分为最低 部门及格分数为 80 以获重新登记 Name of Evaluator : Nama Penilai 评估员姓名 : Verification Stamping /Cop Pengesahan 批准印章 Contact : Signature : Hubungi 通讯 : Tandatangan 签名 : Position : Date : Jawatan 职位 : Tarikh 日期 : STAFF EVALUATION FORM FOR 员工打分表 BORANG PEMANTAUAN PRESTASI PEKERJA Date of Time of Name of Signature of Total Performance 128 127 evaluation / Tarikh pemantauan 评分日期 evaluation / Masa pemantauan 评分时间 evaluator / Nama penilai 评分员姓名 evaluator / Tandatangan penilai 评分员签名 marks / Jumlah markah 总分 observation period / Tempoh pemerhatian prestasi 表现观察期 SECTION 1 : STAFF ATTITUDE (22.5%) 员工态度部分 BAHAGIAN 1 : SIKAP PEKERJA (22.5%) No Characteristic / Ciri-ciri 评估特征 Marks / Markah 分数 Score / Perolehan 获分 1 Politeness / Kemesraan 礼貌 Language usage / Penggunaan bahasa 语言应用 3 Willingness to learn / Kesanggupan belajar 好学度 SECTION 2 : STAFF TECHNIQUE (22.5%) 员工技术部分 BAHAGIAN 2 : TEKNIK PEKERJA (22.5%) No Characteristic / Ciri-ciri 评估特征 Marks / Markah 分数 Score / Perolehan 获分 1 Client servicing / Perkhidmatan 7.5 pelanggan 顾客服务 2 Relevant professional skills / Teknik professional berkaitan 有关专业技术 Qualification / Kelulusan 学术资格 7.5 SECTION 3 : STAFF DISCIPLINE (22.5%) 员工纪律部分 BAHAGIAN 3 : DISIPLIN PEKERJA (22.5%) No Characteristic / Ciri-ciri 评估特征 Marks / Markah 分数 Score / Perolehan 获分 1 Punctuality / Ketepatan masa 准时 7.5 度 2 Honesty / Kejujuran 诚实度 Attendance / Kehadiran 出席率 7.5 129 128 SECTION 4 : STAFF DEVELOPMENT (22.5%) 员工发展部分 BAHAGIAN 4 : PEMBANGUNAN PEKERJA (22.5%) No Characteristic / Ciri-ciri 评估特征 Marks / Markah 分数 Score / Perolehan 获分 1 Speed of learning / Kecepatan 7.5 belajar 学习进度 2 Business target / Matlamat 7.5 perniagaan 生意目标 3 Professional development / 7.5 Pembangunan profesional 专业 发展 SECTION 5 : OTHERS (10.0%) 其他部分 BAHAGIAN 5 : LAIN-LAIN (10.0%) No Characteristic / Ciri-ciri 评估特征 Marks / Markah 分数 Score / Perolehan 获分 1 Efficiency / Keberkesanan 效率 Others, please state / Lain-lain, sila nyatakan 其他, 请例明 5.0 Name of staff / Nama pekerja : Approval stamping (by management) / 员工姓名 Cop pengesahan (oleh pengurusan) 批准印章 ( 领导层 ) Department / Jabatan : 部门 CLIENT / STAFF INTERVIEW EVALUATION FORM FOR 顾客 / 员工应征评估卷 BORANG PEMANTAUAN PRESTASI TEMURAMAH PELANNGAN / PEKERJA SECTION 1 : ATTIRE (22.5%) 衣装部分 BAHAGIAN 1 : PAKAIAN (22.5%) 130 129 No Characteristic / Ciri-ciri 评估特征 Marks / Markah 分数 Score / Perolehan 获分 1 Cleanliness / Kebersihan 整洁度 Suitability / Kesesuaian 适合度 Design / Rekabentuk 设计 7.5 SECTION 2 : COMMUNICATION (22.5%) 表达部分 BAHAGIAN 2 : PERHUBUNGAN (22.5%) No Characteristic / Ciri-ciri 评估特征 Marks / Markah 分数 Score / Perolehan 获分 1 Clarity / Kejelasan 明确度 Language application / 7.5 Penggunaan bahasa 语文应用 3 Method / Kaedah 方法 7.5 SECTION 3 : PERFORMANCE (22.5%) 表现部分 BAHAGIAN 3 : PRESTASI (22.5%) No Characteristic / Ciri-ciri 评估特征 Marks / Markah 分数 Score / Perolehan 获分 1 Content of speech / Kandungan 7.5 percakapan 语文内容 2 Concentration / Penumpuan 专注 7.5 力 3 Gesture / Gerak badan 身体姿势 7.5 SECTION 4 : BACKGROUND (22.5%) 背景部分 BAHAGIAN 4 : LATARBELAKANG (22.5%) No Characteristic / Ciri-ciri 评估特征 Marks / Markah 分数 Score / Perolehan 获分 1 Qualification / Kelulusan 学术资 7.5 格 2 Working experience / Pengalaman 7.5 pekerjaan 工作资历 3 Health condition / Keadaan kesihatan 健康状况 7.5 SECTION 5 : MISCELLENEOUS (10%) 其他部分 BAHAGIAN 5 : LAIN-LAIN (10%) No Characteristic / Ciri-ciri 评估特征 Marks / Markah 分数 Score / Perolehan 获分 1 First impression / Impresi pertama 5.0 131 130 第一眼光 2 Others, please state / Lain-lain, sial nyatakan 其他, 请例明 5.0 Name of interviewee / Nama yang ditemuramah: Approval stamping (management) / 受问者姓名 Cop pengesahan (oleh pengurusan) 批准印章 ( 领导层 ) Contact address / phone / / fax etc / Alamat / telefon / faks / dll : 地址 / 电话 / 传真 / 电邮, 其他 Result : Pass / Fail Notification method / 通知法 Keputusan : Lulus / Gagal pemberitahuan 成绩 : 及格 / 不及格 Kaedah Date / Tarikh : Time / Masa : 日期 时间 PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT QUESTIONS FOR 专业提升问卷 SOALAN-SOALAN PEMBANGUNAN PROFESSIONAL BAGI 1. PERSONAL IDENTITY / IDENTITI PERIBADI 个人资料 a. What is your level of education and describe your course? a. Apakah kelulusan anda dan nyatakan kursus? 您的学术资格与科系是什么? b. Describe your previous academic achievement in science and engineering subjects? b. Jelaskan pencapaian akademik anda dahulu dalam matapelajaran sains dan kejuruteraan? 请叙述您以前科学或工程科系的学术表现是什么? c. How are you going to describe your relationships with you re your friends and colleagues on your previous jobs? c. Bagaimanakah anda jelaskan hubungan anda dengan rakan sejawat anda bagi pekerjaan dahulu? 您如何叙述您和您以前工作伙伴的关系? 132 131 d. What is your hobby or your interest when you are free? d. Apakah hobi atau minat anda bila anda ada masa lapang? 您的嗜好或空闲时的爱好是什么? e. What is your personal financial expenditure per month? e. Berapakah perbelanjaan bulanan peribadi anda setiap bulan? 您的个人每月财政开支是多少? 2. BACKGROUND & EXPERIENCE / LATARBELAKANG & PENGALAMAN 背景 / 经验 a. Please explain your experience in chemical technology consultancy businesses? a. Sila jelaskan pengalaman anda dalam perniagaan pakar runding teknologi kimia. 请叙述您在化工生意的经验? b. What are your previous working experiences? b. Apakah pengalaman pekerjaan anda dahulu? 您的以往工作经验是什么? c. From what perspectives d you think that you can handle such jobs? c. Dari perspektif apakah yang anda fikir anda boleh menangani tugas? 您以什么角度认为您可胜任工作? d. What type of working environment that you think you could perform the best? d. Apakah persekitaran yang anda fikir anda boleh paling berjaya? 您认为怎样的工作环境才能使您表现特出? e. Describe your previous relevant success relevant to the current applied task. e. Jelaskan kejayaan dahulu anda yang berkaitan dengan kerja yang anda pohon sekarang? 请叙述您以前的成就与现在所申请的职位的关联? 3. OTHERS / LAIN-LAIN 其他 a. How did you get to know about Chung Ling Tertiary College? a. Bagaimanakah anda mengetahui Kolej Pengajian Tinggi Chung Ling? 您如何知道钟灵大学学院? b. How did you handle the stress of work or job termination? b. Bagamanakah anda boleh menghadapi tekanan yang dibawa dari kerja atau penamatan kerja? 您如何面对工作或合约终止所带来的压力? c. What type of people do you think that you desire to work with? 133 132 c. Apakah jenis manusia yang anda fikir anda sudi bekerjasama dengan? 您认为怎样的人格才能与您合作? d. Are you willing to travel or work overtime in special circumstances? d. Sudikah anda bergerak atau bekerja lebih masa dalam keadaan tertentu? 您有意在某些情况下远游或做超时工作? e. What is your first impression in Chung Ling Tertiary College? e. Apakah impresi pertama anda terhadap Kolej Pengajian Tinggi Chung Ling? 您对钟灵大学学院的第一印象是什么? EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE / UNIT ELECTORAL PAPER KERTAS PEMILIHAN AHLI MAJLIS TERTINGGI / UNIT Code / Kod 编号 : Date of Selection / Tarikh Pemilihan 选举日期 : Venue of Selection / Tempat Pemilihan 选举地点 : Purpose of Standard Ballot Paper / Tujuan Kertas Pemilihan Piawai : 标准选举表目的 Instruction : Select 3 of the desired candidate and mark [X] in the column Arahan : Pilih 3 daripada calon diigini dan tandakan [X] di dalam ruangan 交待 : 从候选人当中选出 (3) 位, 然后在格子里打 [X] No Name of candidate / Nama calon 候选人姓名 Photo / foto 相片 Symbol / symbol 符号 Mark / Tanda 打 [X] 134 133 VALIDITY STAMPING : COP PENGESAHAN 批准印章 : SAMPLE ACTIVITY PRINTOUTS : DONATION FORM Donations of RM2 and over are rewarded with gifts. Personal and/or Company Details Title:. First Name:.. Family Name:.... Company:.. Address: Suburb/Town:.. State: Tick here if you require a receipt for tax purposes. A receipt will be sent out to your listed address upon receiving your donation. We at Chung Ling Tertiary College greatly appreciate your support Here s my gift of (Please tick): RM10 RM20 RM50 My Choice &.. Please direct my gift to: -Young Carers, -Children s Services, -Any Services, -Community Development Programs or General Please find enclosed a cheque/money order for that amount. Signed:. 135 134 ORGANIZATIONAL COMPLAINT / SUGGESTION FORM Borang Aduan / Cadangan Organisasi 组织投诉及建议表格 TO 给 : Kepada : ADDRESS 地址 : Alamat : TELEPHONE 电话 / FAX 传真 / 电邮 : Telefon / Faks / EVALUATION 打分 / Penilaian : DETAILS 事项 / Perkara 1. CUSTOMER SERVICE 顾客服务 / Perkhidmatan Pelanggan 2. ENVIRONMENT 环境 / Persekitaran 3. EFFICIENCY 效率 / Keberkesanan GRADE 等级 / Gred A B C D E OTHER RECOMMENDATION 其他建议 / Cadangan-cadangan Lain : SENDER PARTICULAR 填表者资料 / Butir Penghantar : NAME 姓名 / Nama : ADDRESS 地址 : Alamat : TELEPHONE 电话 / FAX 传真 / 电邮 : Telefon / Faks / 136 135 LAWS OF MALAYSIA - EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS (DISCIPLINE) ACT 1976 (ACT 174) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART I PRELIMINARY Section 1. Short title 2. Interpretation 3. Power of Minister to decide any question as to Executive Head PART II DISCIPLINARY AUTHORITIES 4. Disciplinary authority in respect of staff of an Institution 5. Disciplinary authority in respect of students of an Institution 6. Students disciplinary rules PART III THE STUDENTS REPRESENTATIVE COMMITTEE AND OTHER STUDENT BODIES 7. Students Representative Committee 8. Establishment of other student bodies 9. Dissolution of the SRC or other student body PART IV OFFENCES 10. Prohibition on a student or a students organization, body or group associating with societies, etc., except as approved by the Minister 11. Prohibition on collection of money by a student or by an organization, body or group of students12. Criminal liability of office-bearers, etc., of a students organization, body or group 13. Presumptions 14. Suspension and expulsion of a student charged with a criminal offence or against whom a criminal offence is proved 15. Minister s power to suspend or expel a student from any Institution 16. Removal or exclusion from an Institution or University of a suspended or expelled student PART V TRANSITIONAL 17. Students who are members of an existing society 18. Existing societies of students 19. Sections 17 and 18 to prevail over Societies Act 1966 or relevant Co-operative Societies Ordinance 20. Existing organizations and bodies of students in an Institution PART VI GENERAL 21. Delegation by Minister 22. Application of Act to Institutions specified in the First Schedule, and Minister s power to amend Schedules 23. Minister s power to apply provisions of Act to Institutions with modifications, etc. 137 Branch itemized in the First Schedule deemed to be a separate Institution 25. Date of commencement of this Act in relation to an Institution subsequently included in the First Schedule 26. This Act and subsidiary legislation made thereunder to prevail FIRST SCHEDULE SECOND SCHEDULE THIRD SCHEDULE An Act to provide for matters related to discipline in educational institutions, and for matters connected therewith. [1 June 1976] BE IT ENACTED by the Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-pertuan Agong with the advice and consent of the Dewan Negara and Dewan Rakyat in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows: PART I PRELIMINARY Short title 1. This Act may be cited as the Educational Institutions (Discipline) Act Interpretation 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires campus means the area, together with all buildings or other structures thereon, which belong to or are used, whether permanently or otherwise, by an Institution; Campus has the meaning assigned thereto in section 2 of the Universities and University Colleges Act 1971 [Act 30]; Disciplinary Committee means the Disciplinary Committee of an Institution constituted under subsection 4(1); Executive Head means the officer or member of the staff of the Institution who functions as the principal executive officer of the Institution; Institution means any institution, other than a University, which provides education, instruction or training of any description to any person, and which is specified or described in the First Schedule; Minister means the Minister responsible for education; staff includes any person employed by or in an Institution; student means a person receiving education, instruction or training of any description from or in an Institution; Students Affairs Officer means a member of the staff of an Institution who is designated as such by the Minister under subsection 5(1); Students Representative Committee or SRC means the Students Representative Committee provided under section 7; University means a University or a University College established under the Universities and University Colleges Act Power of Minister to decide any question as to Executive Head 3. Where any question arises as to who is the Executive Head of any particular Institution the question shall be decided by the Minister whose decision thereon shall be final. PART II DISCIPLINARY AUTHORITIES Disciplinary authority in respect of staff of an Institution 138 (1) Subject to subsection (4), the disciplinary authority of an Institution in respect of every member of the staff shall be the Disciplinary Committee of the Institution which shall consist of the Executive Head who shall be the Chairman and two other members appointed by the Minister from within or without the Institution. (2) In the exercise of its disciplinary functions, the Disciplinary Committee shall have the power to take such disciplinary action and impose such disciplinary punishment as may be provided for under any disciplinary rules applicable to the staff, and, where there are no such rules, under any disciplinary rules made therefor by the Minister and published in the Gazette. (3) The Disciplinary Committee may delegate any of its disciplinary functions, powers or duties to any member of the staff, or to any board of members of the staff, in respect of any particular member of the staff, or in respect of any class or category of members of the staff, and the member of the staff or the board delegated with such functions, powers or duties shall carry out, exercise or discharge them under the direction and control of the Disciplinary Committee which shall have the power to review, rescind or vary any decision or finding of such member of the staff or such board: Provided that no delegation shall be made under this subsection so as to enable a member of the staff to exercise any disciplinary authority or to be a member of a board which may exercise any disciplinary authority over a member of the staff who is superior to him in rank. (4) The Disciplinary Committee shall have no jurisdiction in respect of the Executive Head and such members of the staff as the Minister may direct. (5) Any member of the staff who is dissatisfied with the decision of the Disciplinary Committee or of any person or board delegated with functions, powers or duties under subsection (3) may appeal against such decision to the Minister or to such person or body of persons as the Minister may specify by notification in the Gazette and the Minister or such person or body of persons may give such decision thereon as he or it deems fit and proper. Disciplinary authority in respect of students of an Institution 5. (1) The disciplinary authority of an Institution in respect of every student of an Institution shall be such member of the staff as the Minister may designate; the member of the staff so designated shall be known as the Students Affairs Officer. (2) The Students Affairs Officer shall have the power to take such disciplinary action and impose such disciplinary punishment as provided under the Second Schedule. (3) The Students Affairs Officer may delegate any of his disciplinary functions, powers or duties to any member of the staff, or to any board of members of the staff in respect of any particular student, or any class or category of students of the Institution, and the member of the staff or the board delegated with such functions, powers or duties shall carry out, exercise or discharge them under the direction and control of the Students Affairs Officer who shall have the power to review, rescind or vary any decision or finding of such member of the staff or such board: Provided that no delegation shall be made under this subsection to such members of the staff as the Minister may direct in writing. (4) Any student dissatisfied with the decision of the Students Affairs Officer or of any person or board delegated with functions, powers or duties under subsection (3) may 139 138 appeal against such decision to the Minister who may, if he deems fit, summarily reject the appeal. (5) Where the Minister does not summarily reject an appeal under subsection (4), he shall appoint a committee of two or more persons, from within or without the Institution, to consider the appeal and make its recommendations to him, and, upon receiving such recommendations, the Minister may give such decision on the appeal as he considers fit and proper. Students disciplinary rules 6. The Educational Institutions (Discipline of Students) Rules 1976 in the Second Schedule shall apply to an Institution, provided that the Minister may, in his absolute discretion, make, by order published in the Gazette, such modifications, adaptations, additions, deletions or amendments thereto in the application thereof to any particular Institution or class or description of Institutions as he may deem necessary or expedient. PART III THE STUDENTS REPRESENTATIVE COMMITTEE AND OTHER STUDENT BODIES Students Representative Committee 7. An Institution shall have a Students Representative Committee and the Third Schedule shall apply to such Committee, provided that the Minister may, in his absolute discretion, make, by order published in the Gazette, modifications, adaptations, additions, deletions or amendments thereto in the application thereof to any particular Institution or class or description of Institutions as he may deem necessary or expedient. Establishment of other student bodies 8. (1) Without prejudice to section 7, it shall be lawful for not less than ten students of an Institution with the prior approval of the Students Affairs Officer given after obtaining the concurrence of the Minister, and subject to such terms and conditions as the Students Affairs Officer may specify, to establish a student body consisting of students of the Institution for the promotion of a specific object or interest within the Institution. (2) The Third Schedule, except paragraphs 1 and 7 thereof, shall apply mutatis mutandis to a student body established under this section as they apply to the SRC. Dissolution of the SRC or other student body 9. (1) The Minister or the Executive Head may, in his absolute discretion, without assigning any reason therefor, suspend or dissolve the SRC or any student body established under section 8, and give such consequential directions or instructions or take such consequential steps as may be necessary or expedient to give effect to the suspension or dissolution. (2) The suspension or dissolution of the SRC or a student body established under section 8 shall take immediate effect upon the making of the decision to suspend or dissolve same. (3) The suspension or dissolution of the SRC or a student body established under section 8 shall be final and no court shall have any jurisdiction to entertain any proceedings against such suspension or dissolution. PART IV OFFENCES 140 139 Prohibition on a student or a students organization, body or group associating with societies, etc., except as approved by the Minister 10. (1) No person, while he is a student of an Institution, shall be a member of, or shall in any manner associate with, any society, political party, trade union or any other organization, body or group of persons whatsoever, whether or not it is established under any law, whether it is in the Institution or outside the Institution, and whether it is in Malaysia or outside Malaysia, except as may be provided by or under this Act, or except as may be approved in advance in writing by the Minister. (2) No organization, body or group of students of an Institution, whether established by, under or in accordance with this Act, or otherwise, shall have any affiliation, association or other dealing whatsoever with any society, political party, trade union or any other organization, body or group of persons whatsoever, whether or not it is established under any law, whether it is in the Institution or outside the Institution, and whether it is in Malaysia or outside Malaysia, except as may be provided by or under this Act, or except as may be approved in advance in writing by the Minister. (3) No person, while he is a student of an Institution, shall express or do anything which may be construed as expressing support, sympathy or opposition to any political party or trade union or as expressing support or sympathy with any unlawful organization, body or group of persons. (4) No organization, body or group of students of an Institution which is established by, under or in accordance with this Act, or any other organization, body or group of students of an Institution, shall express or do anything which may be construed as expressing support, sympathy or opposition to any political party or trade union or as expressing support or sympathy with any unlawful organization, body or group of persons. (5) Any person who contravenes or fails to comply with subsection (1), (2), (3) or (4) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both such fine and imprisonment. Prohibition on collection of money by a student or by an organization, body or group of students 11. (1) No student of an Institution, or any organization, body or group of students of an Institution, shall, in or outside the campus, or in or outside Malaysia, collect or attempt to collect, or promote or attempt to promote any collection of, or make any appeal orally or in writing or otherwise, or attempt to make any such appeal for, any money or other property from any person, not being money or property due or about to fall due under or by virtue of any written law, contract or other legal obligation. (2) Any person who contravenes or fails to comply with subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both such fine and imprisonment. (3) The Minister may, in any particular case, in his absolute discretion, grant exemption to any person from the application of subsection (1), subject to such terms and conditions and for such period as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit. 141 140 (4) Without prejudice to the provisions of any other written law relating to the delegation of powers, the Minister may, by notification in the Gazette, delegate, in relation to any particular Institution, the exercise of his powers under subsection (3) to the Executive Head in respect of collection of money within the campus from persons within the campus, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed in such notification. (5) This section shall be in addition to and not in derogation from the provisions of any written law relating to house to house and street collections, public collections, or collection of money or sale of badges. Criminal liability of office-bearers, etc., of a students organization, body or group 12. (1) Where any offence has been committed under any written law, whether or not any person has been convicted in respect thereof, and such offence has been committed or purports to have been committed in the name or on behalf of, any organization, body or group of students of an Institution which is established by, under or in accordance with this Act, or any other organization, body or group of students of an Institution, every office-bearer of such organization, body or group and every person managing or assisting in the management of such organization, body or group at the time of the commission of such offence shall be deemed to be guilty of such offence and shall be liable to the punishment prescribed by law therefor, unless he establishes to the satisfaction of the court that the offence was committed without his knowledge and that he had exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence. (2) Any office-bearer of, or any person managing or assisting in the management of, any organization, body or group as referred to in subsection (1) shall be liable to be prosecuted under this section, notwithstanding that he may not have taken part in the commission of the offence. (3) In any prosecution under this section of an office-bearer of, or any person managing or assisting in the management of, any organization, body or group as referred to in subsection (1) any document found in the possession of any office-bearer of, or person managing or assisting in the management of, such organization, body or group, or in the possession of a member of such organization, body or group shall be prima facie evidence of the contents thereof for the purpose of proving that anything has been done or purports to have been done by or on behalf of such organization, body or group. Presumptions 13. In any prosecution under this Act (a) it shall not be necessary for the prosecution to prove that an organization, body or group of persons possesses a name or that it has been constituted or is usually known under a particular name; (b) where any books, accounts, writings, lists of members, seals, banners or insignia of, or relating to, or purporting to relate to, any organization, body or group of persons are found in the possession, custody or under the control of any person, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that such person is a member of such organization, body or group, and such organization, body or group shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, to be in existence at the time such books, accounts, writings, lists of members, seals, banners or insignia are so found; and 142 141 (c) where any books, accounts, writings, lists of members, seals, banners or insignia of, or relating to, any organization, body or group of persons are found in the possession, custody or under the control of any person, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that such person assists in the management of such organization, body or group. Suspension and expulsion of a student charged with a criminal offence or against whom a criminal offence is proved 14. (1) Where a student of an Institution is charged with a criminal offence he shall immediately thereupon be suspended from being a student of the Institution and shall not, during the pendency of the criminal proceedings, remain in or enter the campus of that or any other Institution, or the Campus of any University. (2) Where a court finds that a charge for a criminal offence is proved against a student of an Institution, the student shall, immediately thereupon, cease to be a student of the Institution, and shall not remain in or enter the campus of that or any other Institution or the Campus of any University. (3) A student of an Institution who is detained, or is subjected to any order imposing restrictions on him, under any written law relating to preventive detention or internal security, shall, immediately thereupon, cease to be a student of the Institution and shall not remain in or enter the campus of that or any other Institution or the Campus of any University. (4) A student of an Institution who is suspended from being a student of the Institution under subsection (1) shall not, while he is so suspended, be admitted as a student of any other Institution, or of any University, in Malaysia without the written approval of the Minister, and if the Minister grants such approval, the Minister may impose such terms and conditions as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit to impose. (5) A student of an Institution who ceases to be a student of the Institution under subsection (2) or (3) shall not be admitted as a student of that or any other Institution, or of any University, in Malaysia without the written approval of the Minister, and if the Minister grants such approval, the Minister may impose such terms and conditions as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit to impose. (6) Any person who remains in or enters the campus of any Institution or the Campus of any University in contravention of subsection (1), (2) or (3) or who obtains admission to any Institution or University in contravention of subsection (4) or (5) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both such fine and imprisonment. (7) Subsections (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) shall apply to a person notwithstanding that there may be pending in any court or before any other authority any application, petition, appeal, or other proceeding whatsoever by him or by any other person in respect of the criminal proceedings, the detention, or the order imposing restrictions, as the case may be: Provided that upon the determination of such application, petition, appeal or other proceeding the Minister may, in his absolute discretion, have regard to such determination and grant exemption to the student from the application of the provisions of subsection (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5), as the case may be, upon such terms and conditions as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit to impose. 143 142 (8) The Minister may, at any time, in any particular case, in his absolute discretion, grant exemption to any person from the application of the provision of subsection (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5), as the case may be, either unconditionally, or upon such terms and conditions, or for such period, as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit. (9) Without prejudice to the provisions of any other written law relating to the delegation of powers, the Minister may, by notification in the Gazette, delegate the exercise of any of his powers under this section to the Executive Head, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed in such notification. Minister s power to suspend or expel a student from any Institution 15. (1) The Minister may, where upon representations made by any particular Institution, he is satisfied that it is desirable to do so in the interest of that Institution, order in writing that any student of an Institution be suspended from being a student thereof for such period as the Minister may specify in the order, or be expelled from it, and such student shall, immediately thereupon, be so suspended or expelled, as the case may be. (2) A student in respect of whom the Minister has given an order in writing under subsection (1) may, within one month from the date of such order, make representations to the Minister for the revocation or variation of the order. (3) The Minister may give such decision with regard to any representations made under subsection (2) as he may deem fit and proper, and such decision shall be final. (4) An order to suspend a student under subsection (1) may, from time to time, be extended for such period as the Minister may specify in respect of each extension. (5) A student of an Institution who is suspended from being a student thereof, or who is expelled from the Institution under this section, shall not, during the suspension, or after the expulsion, as the case may be, remain in or enter the campus of that or any other Institution, or the Campus of any University, except with the prior written approval of the Minister, and if the Minister grants such approval, the Minister may impose such conditions as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit to impose. (6) A student of an Institution who is suspended from being a student thereof under this section shall not, while he is so suspended, be admitted as a student of any other Institution, or of any University, without the prior written approval of the Minister, and if the Minister grants such approval, the Minister may impose such conditions as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit to impose. (7) A student of an Institution who is expelled from it under this section shall not be admitted as a student of that or any other Institution, or of any University, without the prior written approval of the Minister, and if the Minister grants such approval, the Minister may impose such conditions as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit to impose. (8) Any person who remains in or enters the campus of any Institution or the Campus of any University in contravention of subsection (5), or who obtains admission to any Institution or University in contravention of subsection (6) or (7) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both such fine and imprisonment. 144 143 (9) An order to suspend or expel a student from an Institution under this section may, at any time, be revoked by the Minister and the Minister may, in his absolute discretion, make such revocation subject to such conditions as he may deem fit to impose. Removal or exclusion from an Institution or University of a suspended or expelled student 16. Where a student is suspended or expelled from an Institution under this Act, the Executive Head of an Institution or the Vice-Chancellor of a University, as the case may be, shall take or cause to be taken all such steps as may be necessary to secure or obtain the removal or exclusion of the student from the Institution or University, as the case may be, with the aid of any officer or employee of the Institution or University, as the case may be, and may call upon any police officer to assist in securing or obtaining the removal or exclusion of the student from the Institution or University, as the case may be; such police officer may, thereupon, for the purpose as aforesaid, use such reasonable force on the student or any other person or otherwise as may be necessary. Students who are members of an existing society 17. (1) Where immediately before the commencement of this Act a student of an Institution was a member of any society registered under the Societies Act 1966 [Act 335], he shall, as from the date of commencement of this Act, cease to be a member thereof unless, within fourteen days after the said date, he obtains the approval in writing of the Minister to continue to be a member thereof. (2) An office-bearer of any society which, after the expiry of fourteen days from the commencement of this Act, purports to have a student of an Institution as its member in contravention of subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be liable to be punished with a fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit. Existing societies of students 18. (1) Where on the date of commencement of this Act there stands registered under the Societies Act 1966 or the *Co-operative Societies Ordinance 1948 of Peninsular Malaysia [F.M. Ord. 33 of 1948], or the Co-operative Societies Ordinance 1958 of Sabah [Ord. 3 of 1958], or the Co-operative Societies Ordinance of Sarawak [Cap. 66], any society or co-operative society, as the case may be, whose members are wholly or predominantly students of one or more Institutions the said society or co-operative society, as the case may be, shall stand dissolved upon the expiry of fourteen days from the date of commencement of this Act, unless during that period the written approval of the Minister is obtained and filed with the Registrar of Societies or with the relevant Registrar of Co-operative Societies, as the case may be. (2) Where a society is dissolved under subsection 17(1) of the Societies Act 1966 shall apply in respect thereof mutatis mutandis as if it were a society the registration whereof had been cancelled under the said Act. (3) Where a co-operative society is dissolved under subsection (1) the relevant Registrar of Co-operative Societies shall appoint a competent person to be, subject to the direction and control of such Registrar of Co-operative Societies, liquidator of such co-operative society and the provisions of the relevant Cooperative Societies Ordinance shall apply to such co-operative society as if it were a co-operative society the registration whereof had been cancelled under that Ordinance and the said liquidator had been appointed a liquidator thereof under section 41 of that Ordinance. 145 144 (4) Where a person who was a member of a society or a co-operative society when he was a student of an Institution had continued to be a member thereof after he had ceased to be a student of an Institution, he shall, for the purpose of determining under this section whether the members of the society or co-operative society are wholly or predominantly students of one or more Institutions, be deemed to be a student of an Institution. (5) Any question as to whether the members of any society or co-operative society, as the case may be, are wholly or predominantly students of one or more Institutions shall be decided by the Registrar of Societies or the relevant Registrar of Co-operative Societies, as the case may be, and his decision thereon shall be final and shall not be questioned or reviewed in any court. Sections 17 and 18 to prevail over Societies Act 1966 or relevant Co-operative Societies Ordinance 19. (1) Sections 17 and 18 shall apply in relation to a society registered under the Societies Act 1966 notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in that Act, and where there is any conflict between the provisions of the said sections and the said Act, the provisions of the said sections shall prevail. (2) Section 18 shall apply in relation to a co-operative society notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the relevant one of the *Co-operative Societies Ordinances referred to in that section, and where there is any conflict between provisions of the said section and the said relevant Ordinance, the provisions of the said section shall prevail. Existing organizations and bodies of students in an Institution 20. (1) On the date of commencement of this Act, all organizations and bodies of students which were existing immediately before such date in an Institution and to which section 18 does not apply shall stand dissolved. (2) All moneys, properties, assets and rights whatsoever of all organizations and bodies of students existing in an Institution immediately before the commencement of this Act shall, on the date of commencement of this Act and without any conveyance, assignment or transfer whatever, vest in the following manner: (a) where the Institution is a corporation, or belongs to a corporation, whether a corporation sole or a corporation aggregate, they shall vest in the corporation; (b) where the Institution is neither a corporation nor belongs to a corporation, they shall vest in the person or persons to whom the Institution belongs, or to the trustee or trustees of the Institution, if any, and shall be used for the benefit of the students of the Institution in such manner as the Executive Head may, in his absolute discretion, direct. (3) Any person having in his possession or under his custody, control or charge any money, property, asset or right whatsoever referred to in subsection (2), or any document pertaining thereto, shall forthwith give delivery and possession of the same to the corporation, person, or trustee in whom the same are vested in accordance with subsection (2), and shall do all such acts or things as may be necessary to effect such delivery or possession. (4) The corporation, person, or trustee in whom the vesting is effected in accordance with subsection (2) shall not be responsible or liable to meet any dues, debts, obligations or liabilities whatsoever of any organization or body of students referred to in subsection (2): 146 145 Provided, however, that the Executive Head of the Institution may, in his absolute discretion, decide to use any money, property, asset or right whatsoever vested as aforesaid in accordance with subsection (2) to meet any due, debt, obligation or liability of any such organization or body of students if he deems it just and proper to do so. (5) In this section person includes the Government of Malaysia or a State Government. (6) The Minister may by order published in the Gazette make such provision as he may consider necessary or expedient for the purpose of giving effect to the provisions of this section or to remove any difficulties occasioned by them. PART VI GENERAL Delegation by Minister 21. (1) Without prejudice to subsection 11(4) and subsection 14(9), the Minister may delegate, subject to such conditions and restrictions as he may specify, any of his functions, powers or duties under this Act, except the power to make subsidiary legislation under this Act. (2) A delegation made under subsection (1) may be made either generally or in relation to any particular Institution or class or description of Institutions, and it may be made to any person or body of persons. (3) A delegation under this section may be revoked at any time by the Minister. (4) No delegation of any function, power or duty under this section shall affect or derogate from the power of the Minister to carry out such function or exercise such power or discharge such duty. Application of Act to Institutions specified in the First Schedule, and Minister s power to amend Schedules 22. (1) The provisions of this Act shall apply to an Institution specified in the second column of the First Schedule to the extent specified against it in the third column of that Schedule, or as may be specified in an order made under section 23. (2) The Minister may, from time to time, by order published in the Gazette, in his absolute discretion, add to, delete from or in any manner amend the First, Second or Third Schedule. Minister s power to apply provisions of Act to Institutions with modifications, etc. 23. The Minister may, from time to time, in his absolute discretion, by order published in the Gazette, direct that such provisions of this Act, including those of the Second or Third Schedule, as he may specify in the order, shall not apply to any particular Institution or class or description of Institutions, or that the same shall apply thereto with such modifications, adaptations, additions, deletions or amendments as he may deem necessary or expedient. Branch itemized in First Schedule deemed to be a separate Institution 24. Where a branch or other subsidiary whatever of an institution is included in the First Schedule as a separate item of that Schedule, such branch or other subsidiary shall, for all purposes of this Act, be deemed to be a separate Institution from the institution of which it is a branch or other subsidiary. Date of commencement of this Act in relation to an Institution subsequently included in the First Schedule 25. Any reference in this Act to the date of commencement of this Act shall, in its application to an Institution which is included in the First Schedule after the date of 147 146 coming into force of this Act, be read as a reference to the date on which the inclusion of such Institution in the First Schedule takes effect. This Act and subsidiary legislation made thereunder to prevail. 26. In the event of any inconsistency or conflict between the provisions of this Act or any subsidiary legislation made thereunder and the provisions of any other federal law or subsidiary legislation made thereunder relating to education or educational institutions or any particular educational institution, the provisions of this Act and the subsidiary legislation made thereunder shall prevail. SECOND SCHEDULE [Sections 6, 22 and 23] EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS (DISCIPLINE OF STUDENTS) RULES 1976 PART I PRELIMINARY Citation 1. These Rules may be cited as the Educational Institutions (Discipline of Students) Rules Interpretation 2. In these Rules, unless the context otherwise requires authorized person means any person duly authorized to act on behalf of the Institution; Bursar means the principal financial officer of an Institution, regardless whether he is styled as Bursar or by any other designation; course means any form of field of studies which is conducted by the Institution for a specified period determined by the Curriculum Board of Course of Study And Training Programmes; disciplinary authority means the Students Affairs Officer or, where applicable, any person or board delegated by the Students Affairs Officer with disciplinary functions, powers or duties under subsection 5(3); disciplinary offence means a disciplinary offence under these Rules; disciplinary proceeding means a disciplinary proceeding under these Rules; disciplinary room means a room allocated for the purpose of the conduct of disciplinary proceedings generally or for the purpose of a particular disciplinary proceeding; drug means any drug or substance which is for the time being comprised in the First Schedule to the Dangerous Drugs Act 1952 [Act 234]; examination means any form of assessment or evaluation or test or any part of it which brings marks and grades for a course or any part of the course; gaming means the playing of any game of chance, or of skill, or of mixed chance and skill, for money or money s worth, and includes any wagering, any Head of Department for the purpose of (a) a government department means any officer who is responsible for any department, division or unit in the department and includes any other officer who is authorized in writing by the officer who is responsible for the department, division or unit in the department to act on his behalf; (b) an institution means any officer who is responsible for any institution, division or unit in the institution and includes a person who is authorized in writing by the officer who is responsible for the institution, division or unit in the institution to act on his behalf; 148 147 (c) a private agency means any officer who is responsible for an agency, division or unit in the agency and includes a person who is authorized in writing by the officer who is responsible for the agency, division or unit in the agency to act on his behalf; hostel means any accommodation, by whatever name called, provided by the Institution for the residence of students; librarian means any person duly in charge of the library in the Institution at any time; liquor means any liquor of any alcoholic strength; motor vehicle means every description of vehicle propelled by means of mechanism contained within itself and constructed or adapted so as to be capable of being used on roads, and includes any vehicle drawn by a motor vehicle whether or not part of the vehicle so drawn is superimposed on the drawing motor vehicle; officer means a person holding any office in the Institution or in any body constituted by or under the Institution or functioning in the Institution, whether such office is voluntary, or for remuneration, or otherwise; parking means the bringing of a vehicle to a stationary position and causing it to wait for any purpose other than that of immediately taking up or setting down persons, goods or luggage; poison means any substance specified by name in the first column of the Poisons List to the Poisons Act 1952 [Act 366] and includes any preparation, solution, compound, mixture or natural substance containing such substance; Pratical training means a pratical training which is necessary to be done, by a student in connection with his course for a specific period either inside or outside the Institution; resident student means a student residing in a hostel; scholarship student includes any student who is studying on a scholarship, bursary, loan, sponsorship, leave with or without pay, or on a grant of any other facility, from any Government, institution, statutory authority, commercial or business organization, or other body; staff includes any employee of the Institution; traffic direction means any order, direction or instruction given by an authorized person to any person using a road or a vehicle within the campus; traffic sign includes any signal, warning sign post, direction post, sign, mark or device erected or provided on or near a road for the information, guidance or direction of persons using the road; vehicle means a structure capable of moving or being moved or used for the conveyance of any person or thing and which maintains contact with the ground when in motion. Warden means the officer in charge of a hostel and includes any person duly authorized to act on his behalf or to assist him; PART II GENERAL DISCIPLINE General prohibitions 3. A student shall not (a) conduct himself, whether within or without the campus, in any manner which is detrimental or prejudicial to the interests, well-being or good name of the Institution, or to the interests, well-being or good name of any of the students, staff, officers, or 149 148 employees of the Institution, or to public order, safety or security, or to morality, decency or discipline; (b) violate any provision of any written law, whether within or without the campus; (c) disrupt or in any manner interfere with, or cause to be disrupted or in any manner interfered with, any teaching, study, research, administrative work, or any activity carried out by or under the direction of or with the permission of the Institution, or do any act which may cause such disruption or interference; (d) prevent, obstruct, or interfere with, or cause to be prevented, obstructed or interfered with, any staff, officer or employee of the Institution or any person acting under the direction or permission of such staff, officer or employee, from carrying out his work, duty or function, or do any act which may cause such prevention, obstruction or interference; (e) prevent or obstruct, or cause to be prevented or obstructed, any student from attending any lecture, tutorial or class, or from engaging in any legitimate activity, or do any act which may cause such prevention or obstruction; (f) organize, incite or participate in the boycott of any examination, lecture, tutorial, class, or other legitimate activity carried out by or under the direction or with the permission of the Institution; (g) damage in any manner or cause to be damaged in any manner any property in the Institution, or do any act which may cause such damage; (h) tamper, interfere with, move, or in any manner deal with, any substance, object, article or property whatsoever, or knowingly do any act or cause any act to be done in the campus, so as to cause or be likely to cause any obstruction, inconvenience, annoyance, loss or damage to any person; (i) contravene or fail to comply with any instruction or requirement by the librarian, a member of the library staff or other library employee in respect of the use of the library, its books and other facilities therein; (j) take any book, paper, document or picture, except those authorized by the examiner, into or out of an examination room, or receive any book, paper, document or picture from any other person while in the examination room, except that a student may, while he is in the examination room, receive from the invigilator such books, papers, documents, pictures or other things as may be authorized by the Executive Head of the Institution; (k) communicate with any other student during an examination by any means whatsoever. Attendance at lecture 4. Where a student is required to attend any lecture, tutorial, class or other instruction relating to his course of study, he shall not absent himself therefrom without the prior permission in writing of the Head of Department, unless the circumstances do not permit such prior permission to be obtained and there is reasonable cause or excuse for the absence, in which case the student shall, as soon as possible thereafter, satisfy in writing to the Head of Department with regard to the absence and obtain approval in writing in respect thereof. Practical training 5. (1) Where a student is required to attend a practical training or other instructions relating to his course of study, the student shall attend the practical training or instructions unless he obtained prior permission in writing from the Head of Department 150 149 where the training is conducted and unless the circumstances do not permit the student to obtain the prior permission and there is reasonable cause or excuse for the absence and in which case he shall, as soon as possible thereafter in writing, satisfy the Head of Department with regard to the absence and obtain approval in writing in respect thereof. (2) While undergoing the practical training, the student is subject to the regulations or directions of the place in which the training is conducted and also to the regulations or directions of the Institution. (3) In the event of inconsistency or conflict between the regulations of the Institution and the regulations of the place in which the training is conducted, the regulations of the Institution shall prevail. Attire and appearance 6. A student shall be decently or appropriately attired while attending lecture, tutorial, examination, class, workshop or while involving or attending any activity either inside or outside campus or while present in any part of the campus. Appearance for examinations 7. Where a student s course of study entails his appearance for an examination and he is not otherwise debarred from appearing for such examination, he shall not fail to appear for such examination without the prior permission in writing of the Executive Head, unless the circumstances do not permit such prior permission to be obtained and there is reasonable cause or excuse for the nonappearance, in which case the student shall, as soon as possible thereafter in writing, satisfy the Executive Head, with regard to the absence and obtain approval in writing in respect thereof. Restriction on use of text of lecture, etc. 8. (1) Subject to subparagraph (2), a student shall not make use of the text of any lecture or instruction imparted to him in the Institution except for the purpose of pursuing his course of study; in particular, he shall not reproduce in any manner the whole or any part of such text for the purpose of publication, distribution or circulation, whether for payment or not. (2) Nothing in this rule shall be deemed to restrict the discretion of the Executive Head to permit a student, or an organization, body or group of students, to make copies of the text of any such lecture or instruction under the control and direction of the Executive Head or such member of the staff of the Institution as the Executive Head may authorize, and in giving such permission the Executive Head may impose such terms and conditions as he deems necessary or expedient. Organizing, etc., of assemblies 9. (1) No student, and no organization, body or group of students, shall, without the prior permission of the Executive Head or of a person authorized in writing by the Executive Head to grant such permission, hold, organize, convene or call, or cause to be held, organized, convened or called, or be in any manner involved in holding, organizing, convening or calling, or in causing to be held, organized, convened or called, or in doing any act towards holding, organizing, convening, or calling, any assembly of more than five persons in any part of the campus or on any land or in any building belonging to or under the possession or control of the Institution or used for the purposes of the Institution. 151 150 (2) In granting the permission referred to in subparagraph (1) the Executive Head or the person authorized by him to grant such permission may impose such restrictions, terms or conditions in relation to the proposed assembly as he may deem necessary or expedient. (3) No student shall knowingly attend or participate in an assembly held in contravention of subparagraph (1) or (2). Ownership, possession and use of loud-speakers, etc. 10. No student, and no organization, body or group of students, shall own, or use, or have in his or its possession, custody or control, any loud-speaker, loud-hailer, amplifier, or other similar appliance : Provided that the Executive Head, or a person authorized by him in writing, may permit in writing such appliance to be owned, used or possessed by a student or an organization of students for such purposes and subject to such restrictions, terms or conditions as the Executive Head or the person authorized by him as aforesaid may deem necessary or expedient to impose in granting such permission. Making, using, displaying, owning, etc., of banners, placards, etc. 11. No student, and no organization, body or group of students, shall (a) make or cause to be made or do any act towards making or causing to be made; or (b) fly, exhibit, display or in any manner make use of, or cause to be flown, exhibited, displayed or in any manner made use of; or (c) own or have in his or its possession, custody or control, any flag, banner, placard, poster, emblem or other device which is conducive to the promotion of indiscipline, disorder, disobedience or contravention of these Rules. Publication, etc., of documents 12. (1) No student, and no organization, body or group of students, shall publish, distribute or circulate any document within or without the campus : Provided that the Executive Head, or a person authorized by him in writing, may permit in writing the publication, distribution or circulation of a particular document for such purposes and subject to such restrictions, terms or conditions as the Executive Head or the person authorized by him as aforesaid may deem necessary or expedient to impose in granting such permission. (2) The permission required under this rule shall be in addition to any licence, permit or any other form of authorization which may be required under any other written law. Student s activities outside campus 13. No student, and no organization, body or group of students, shall organize, carry out or participate in any activity outside the campus, except with the prior written permission of the Executive Head and in due compliance with any restriction, term or condition which the Executive Head may deem necessary or expedient to impose. Student engaging in occupation, etc. 14. No student shall, within or without the campus, engage in any occupation, employment, business, trade or other activity, whether whole-time or part-time, which in the opinion of the Executive Head is undesirable. Representations relating to Institution, etc. 15. No student, and no organization, body or group of students, shall make, in relation to any matter pertaining to the Institution or to the staff or students thereof in their capacity as such, or to himself in his capacity as a student thereof except with the written permission from the Executive Head, any representation or other communication, whether orally or in writing or in any other manner, to any public officer, or to the press, 152 151 or to the public in the course of any lecture, speech or public statement or in the course of any broadcast by sound or vision. Student s objection to entry, exclusion, etc., of persons from campus 16. No student, and no organization, body or group of students, shall make any objection orally or in writing or in any other manner to the entry into, or the presence in, or the exclusion from, or the expulsion from, the campus of any person, body or group of persons. Gaming in campus 17. No student, and no organization, body or group of students, shall organize, manage, run or assist in organizing, managing or running, or participate in, any gaming, wagering, lottery or betting within the campus. Consumption or possession of liquor and drunkenness 18. (1) No student shall, within the campus, consume or have in his possession or under his custody or control any liquor. (2) Any student who is found in a state of drunkenness within the campus shall be guilty of a disciplinary offence. Obscene articles 19. (1) No student shall, within the campus, have in his possession or under his custody or control any obscene article. (2) No student, and no organization, body or group of students, shall distribute, circulate or exhibit, or cause to be distributed, circulated or exhibited or be in any manner concerned with the distribution, circulation or exhibition of, any obscene article within the campus; a student shall be deemed to distribute, circulate or exhibit an obscene article, regardless whether such distribution, circulation or exhibition is to only one person or to more than one person and regardless whether or not such circulation, distribution or exhibition is for payment or for any other consideration. (3) No student shall voluntarily view or hear any obscene article within the campus. Drugs and poisons 20. (1) No student shall have in his possession or under his custody or control any drug or poison. (2) No student shall have in his possession or under his custody or control any utensil, instrument, apparatus or other article which, in the opinion of the disciplinary authority, is designed or intended to be used for consuming any drug or poison orally, or by smoking or inhaling, or by introduction into the body by injection or in any other manner whatsoever. (3) No student shall give, supply, provide or offer or propose to give, supply, provide or offer any drug or poison to any person. (4) No student shall consume orally, or smoke, or inhale, or introduce into his body by injection or in any other manner whatsoever, any drug or poison. (5) Nothing in this rule shall be deemed to prevent a student from undergoing any treatment by or under the prescription of a medical practitioner registered under the Medical Act 1971 [Act 50]. (6) Any student who is found using or taking or abusing or addicted to any drug or poison shall be guilty of a disciplinary offence. Cleanliness within campus 153 A student shall not do anything which may be prejudicial to the cleanliness and neatness of a student s living accommodation within the campus, or of any hostel, lecture theatre, road, grounds or of any other part of the campus, or of any other building or structure within the campus. Making of annoying or disturbing noise 22. A student shall not make any sound or noise, or cause any sound or noise to be produced, by any means or in any manner, where such noise or sound causes or is likely to cause annoyance or disturbance to any person within the campus. Living or sleeping in the campus 23. No student shall use or cause to be used any part of the campus or any part of any building within the campus as living or sleeping accommodation, except the accommodation provided for him in the hostel by the Institution. Entry into prohibited parts of campus or buildings 24. A student shall not enter any part of the campus or any part of any building within the campus the entry into which is prohibited to students generally or, in particular, to the student or class of students concerned. Student Card 25. (1) The Institution shall issue to every student thereof an identification card to be called the Student Card which shall bear the photograph of the student and be in such form and contain such particulars as may be determined by the Students Affairs Officer. (2) Every student shall have his Student Card in his possession at all times within the campus and shall produce same when required to do so by an authorized person. (3) A student shall wear his Student Card on his person in such manner, on such occasions and at such times as may, from time to time, be directed by the Students Affairs Officer. Disobedience 26. Where a student fails to comply with or contravenes any legitimate instruction, direction or requirement given or made by any staff, officer or employee of the Institution authorized to give or make same in the campus, he shall be guilty of a disciplinary offence. PART III HOSTEL DISCIPLINE Entering or remaining in a resident student s room 27. (1) No person shall enter or remain in a room occupied by a resident student except the resident student himself: Provided that this paragraph shall not apply to a member of the staff, an officer, employee or agent of the Institution who enters such room for the purpose of carrying out his functions, duties or responsibilities, or to a person who enters or remains therein in accordance with any permission given by or on behalf of the Warden: And provided further that this paragraph shall not be deemed to prohibit a student from entering the room of a resident of the same sex for a visit for a normal social purpose. (2) It shall be the duty and responsibility of a resident student to ensure that the restrictions in subparagraph (1) are strictly observed in respect of the room occupied by him. Obstruction, etc., to entry and carrying out of functions by officers, etc. 154 A resident student shall not do anything to obstruct, impede or prevent a member of the staff, an officer, employee or agent of the Institution from entering the resident student s room and carrying out his functions, duties or responsibilities therein. Remaining outside hostel at night 29. A resident student shall not, after p.m., remain outside the hostel except with permission given by or on behalf of the Warden. Remaining within hostel premises after p.m. 30. After p.m., save for resident students in their respective hostel, no other student shall remain within the hostel premises except with permission given by or on behalf of the Warden. Care in use of hostel premises and prohibitions 31. (1) A student shall use the hostel premises with proper care and shall not do anything which disfigures, defaces or causes any other damage to any part of the grounds or buildings or to any article or fixture therein. (2) A student shall, in using the hostel premises and the facilities therein, take all care to ensure that he does not thereby cause any inconvenience, annoyance, obstruction or nuisance to any other person. (3) A resident student is absolutely prohibited from cooking in his room except in the room provided. (4) No student shall have in his possession or under his custody or control any type of animal in his room or the hostel premises. Student not to change room without prior permission 32. Where a student is allotted a room for his residence by the Institution, he shall not change his residence to any other room without the prior permission in writing given by or on behalf of the Warden. Resident student to vacate or transfer residence on being required by Institution 33. (1) A resident student resides in a hostel at the absolute discretion and pleasure of the Institution. (2) The Institution may require a resident student to vacate his residence or to transfer his residence to a different accommodation provided by the Institution at any time without assigning any reason. (3) Where a resident student is required under subparagraph (2) to vacate or transfer his residence, he shall do so within the time set by the Institution and shall within that time remove all his belongings from the accommodation which he is to vacate or from which he is to transfer his residence. Warden s power to give orders, instructions or directions as regards good order and discipline 34. The Warden or any other person authorized by him may, from time to time, give orally or in writing, such orders, instructions or directions as he may deem necessary or expedient for the maintenance of good order and discipline in the hostel, and such orders, instructions or directions may relate generally to all students or to a class or description of students or to a particular student, and it shall be the duty of every student to whom such orders, instructions or directions apply to comply with and give effect thereto. PART IV ROAD TRAFFIC DISCIPLINE 155 154 Written authorization for students keeping, possessing or owning motor vehicles in campus 35. (1) A student intending to keep, have in his possession or own any motor vehicle in the campus shall, in the first instance, apply for and obtain from the Students Affairs Officer a written authorization in respect thereof; the application and the written authorization shall be in such form as the Students Affairs Officer may, subject to subparagraph (2), determine. (2) Application for such permission shall be made by the student in writing specifying the description of the motor vehicle and shall be accompanied by the current motor vehicle licence and the current third party risks insurance policy in respect of the motor vehicle and a valid driving licence in respect of the applicant; the application shall also set out any disciplinary offence in respect of which he may have been found guilty at any time. (3) The written authorization of the Students Affairs Officer shall be given in such form as he may direct and shall at all times be displayed conspicuously on the motor vehicle. (4) Such written authorization shall be renewed annually and the provisions of subparagraphs (1) and (2) shall apply mutatis mutandis to an application for such renewal. (5) The Students Affairs Officer may refuse to grant authorization under this rule or revoke any authorization granted under this rule if he is satisfied that it would not be in the interest of the Institution for the student to hold such authorization. Register of students motor vehicles 36. The Students Affairs Officer shall cause to be maintained a register of all motor vehicles kept, possessed or owned by students in the campus in such form as the Students Affairs Officer may deem fit. Speed limit 37. No student shall drive a motor vehicle in the campus at a speed in excess of that indicated by a traffic sign. Motor vehicles to be driven only on carriageway of road 38. No student shall drive a motor vehicle on any place other than on that part of the road which is used as a carriageway for the passage of motor vehicles; in particular, no motor vehicle shall be driven by a student on the pavement, side-table, grass verge, footpath or other place, whether alongside the carriageway or otherwise, which is not ordinarily intended or specifically provided for the passage of motor vehicles. Driving vehicles on corridors, etc. 39. No student shall drive or ride any vehicle on any corridor, verandah, fivefoot way, courtyard or in any part of any building. Obstructive parking 40. No student shall park any vehicle at any place or in any manner so as to cause danger, obstruction or inconvenience to any other person or vehicle. Use of allotted parking bays 41. Where a parking bay is allotted for a particular motor vehicle no student shall park a different motor vehicle in such parking bay. Pillion riding 42. (1) A student driving a two-wheeled motorcycle shall not carry more than one person on such motorcycle. 156 155 (2) No student shall carry a person on a two-wheeled motorcycle unless such person is sitting astride the motorcycle behind the driver on a properly designed seat securely fixed to the motorcycle. (3) A student shall not allow himself to be carried on a two-wheeled motorcycle driven by any person, whether a student or not, in contravention of subparagraph (1) or (2). Traffic directions and signs to be complied with 43. A student shall comply with all traffic directions and with all traffic signs. Production of driving licence and Student Card on demand 44. Any student who is driving or is in charge or control of a vehicle shall carry with him a valid driving licence issued to him under the Road Transport Act 1987 [Act 333] and his Student Card and shall produce same for inspection by an authorized person whenever required to do so. Obstruction to traffic flow 45. A student shall not conduct himself in any manner, or do any act, which obstructs or interferes with the smooth and orderly movement of traffic within the campus. Application of Road Transport Act 1987 in the campus 46. (1) The Road Transport Act 1987 and all subsidiary legislation made thereunder shall apply to students within the campus as if the roads within the campus are public roads within the Federal Territory and the offences under the said Act and the subsidiary legislation made thereunder are disciplinary offences in relation to students and punishable as such, and every student shall, accordingly, comply with such provisions within the campus. (2) Nothing in subparagraph (1) shall derogate from the liability within the campus of any student or other person for any offence under the Road Transport Act 1987 or any subsidiary legislation made thereunder. Summary disciplinary punishment by disciplinary authority 47. (1) The disciplinary authority may at its discretion, in lieu of taking disciplinary proceedings under Part V, impose a summary disciplinary punishment of a reprimand or a fine not exceeding one hundred ringgit upon any student who commits a disciplinary offence under this Part in the presence of or within the sight of such disciplinary authority: Provided that before such punishment is imposed on the student, the disciplinary authority shall inform him of the disciplinary offence committed by him and give him an opportunity to make, on the spot, oral representations thereon to such disciplinary authority. (2) Upon imposition of the punishment referred to in subparagraph (1), the disciplinary authority shall forthwith deliver to the student a written notice of such imposition in such form as the Students Affairs Officer may direct, and where the punishment imposed is a fine, paragraphs 61 and 62 shall apply. (3) This rule shall apply notwithstanding any other provision to the contrary in these Rules. PART V DISCIPLINARY PROCEDURE Disciplinary punishment 48. A student who is found guilty of a disciplinary offence shall be liable to any one or any appropriate combination of two or more of the following punishments: 157 156 (a) reprimand; (b) a fine not exceeding five hundred ringgit; (c) suspension from using any or all of the facilities of the Institution for a specified period; (d) suspension from following course of study at the Institution for a specified period; (e) barred from sitting for a part or all of the examinations at the Institution; (f) exclusion from any part of the Institution for a specified period; (g) explusion from the Institution, by the disciplinary authority. Attendance before disciplinary authority 49. Where it appears to a disciplinary authority that a student has committed a disciplinary offence, the disciplinary authority shall, in writing, require the student to attend before it at such disciplinary room, on such date and at such time as it may specify. Consequence of failure to attend before disciplinary authority 50. Where a student fails to attend before the disciplinary authority in accordance with a requirement under rule 49 he shall immediately thereupon be suspended from being a student of the Institution and shall not thereafter remain in or enter the campus; such suspension shall continue until the student offers to attend before the disciplinary authority and does, in fact, attend before the disciplinary authority on the date and at the time which the disciplinary authority may specify after the student has offered to attend before the disciplinary authority. Facts of disciplinary offence to be explained and plea taken 51. At the disciplinary proceeding in the disciplinary room, the disciplinary authority shall explain to the student the facts of the disciplinary offence alleged to have been committed by the student and call upon him to plead thereto. Plea of guilty and consequential procedure 52. If the student pleads guilty the disciplinary authority shall explain to him the facts of the case; if he admits these facts the disciplinary authority shall pronounce him guilty of the disciplinary offence and invite him to make any plea he may wish to make for lenient punishment. Procedure for hearing where student pleads not guilty 53. If the student pleads that he is not guilty of the disciplinary offence or fails or refuses to plead or does not admit the facts of the case, the disciplinary authority shall examine any witness or any document or other article whatsoever in support of the case against the student; the student shall be given the chance to question such witness and inspect such document or article, and the disciplinary authority may re-examine such witness. Student s evidence 54. After the evidence referred to in rule 53 has been received, the student shall be given the chance to give his evidence, call any witness or produce any document or other article whatsoever in his defence; the disciplinary authority may question the student or any of his witnesses and inspect any such document or article, and the student may re-examine any of his witnesses. Power of disciplinary authority to question or recall witness 55. The disciplinary authority may question or recall any witness at any time before it has pronounced its decision. Pronouncement of decision 158 After hearing the witnesses and examining the documents or other articles produced before it, the disciplinary authority shall pronounce its decision in the case, and if it decides that the student is guilty of the disciplinary offence it shall invite the student to make any plea he may wish to make for lenient punishment. Imposition of punishment 57. After the student has made his plea for leniency, if any, under rule 52 or 56, as the case may be, the disciplinary authority shall impose on the student one of the punishments specified in rule 48 or any appropriate combination of two or more such punishments. Custody and disposal of exhibits 58. (1) The disciplinary authority may order any document or other article whatsoever produced before it in the course of any disciplinary proceeding to be kept in its custody or in the custody of such person as it may specify pending the conclusion of the disciplinary proceeding. (2) The disciplinary authority shall, upon the conclusion of the disciplinary proceeding before it, make such order as it deems fit for the disposal of any document or other article whatsoever produced before it in the course of the disciplinary proceeding, and may direct that such order shall take effect either immediately or at such time as it may specify. (3) The power of the disciplinary authority under subparagraph (2) shall include a power to order the destruction of any such document or article or the forfeiture thereof to the Institution. Written notes of disciplinary proceedings to be made 59. The disciplinary authority which takes disciplinary action against a student under rules 49 to 58 inclusive, shall make or cause to be made written notes of the proceeding, but those notes need not be verbatim. Custody of notes 60. The notes referred to in rule 59 shall be kept in the custody of the Students Affairs Officer. Register of disciplinary proceedings 61. The Students Affairs Officer shall maintain a register of all disciplinary proceedings taken under these Rules; such register shall record the name of the student, the particulars of the disciplinary offence, the progress of the proceeding, the result of the proceeding, and such other information or particulars as the said Students Affairs Officer may direct. Report of proceedings to parent, Minister, etc. 62. (1) Where a student has been found guilty of a disciplinary offence, the Students Affairs Officer shall send a decision of the disciplinary proceeding to the student s parent or guardian and if the Minister requires the same, and, in the case of a scholarship student, to the scholarship-sponsoring or scholarship granting authority or body and his guarantors. (2) The parent or guardian or his guarantors, or the scholarship-sponsoring or scholarship-granting authority or body, of such student, as the case may be, shall be entitled to a certified copy of the notes of the proceeding made under rule 59 upon payment of a fee determined by the Students Affairs Officer, which fee shall not, in any case, exceed one hundred ringgit. 159 158 (3) A certified copy of the notes of the disciplinary proceeding made under rule 59 in respect of any particular case shall be supplied by the Students Affairs Officer to the Minister if the Minister requires same. Payment of fine 63. Where the disciplinary authority imposes a punishment of a fine on the student, it shall specify the period within which the fine shall be paid and the student shall pay the fine within the said period to the Bursar. Consequence of failure to pay fine 64. If the student fails to pay the fine within the period specified under rule 63, he shall immediately thereupon be suspended from being a student of the Institution and shall not thereafter remain in or enter the campus; such suspension shall continue until the fine is paid. Order to pay compensation 65. (1) Where any punishment is imposed on a student under rule 57, the disciplinary authority may, in addition, order the student to pay such compensation as it may fix in respect of any damage to any property or any loss or injury to any person for which the disciplinary authority may find the student, in the course of the disciplinary proceeding, to be responsible; a student may be ordered to pay compensation under this paragraph regardless whether the property which is damaged belongs to the Institution or to any other person. (2) The amount of compensation fixed by the disciplinary authority under subparagraph (1) shall be a just and reasonable amount having regard to all the circumstances of the case and of the persons involved therein. (3) The compensation fixed under subparagraph (1) shall be paid by the student to the Bursar within such period as the disciplinary authority may specify. (4) Rule 64 shall apply mutatis mutandis where the student fails to pay the compensation fixed under subparagraph (1) within the period specified under subparagraph (3). (5) The Bursar shall pay out the compensation paid by the student under subparagraph (3) to such person as the disciplinary authority may certify as being entitled to receive payment thereof. (6) Any compensation payable or paid under this rule shall be without prejudice to the right of any person to institute civil proceedings in a court of law for damages or compensation in respect of the damage, loss or injury referred to in subparagraph (1), or the right of any person to receive any payment or compensation under any other written law in respect of such damage, loss or injury. Persons who may be present at a disciplinary proceeding 66. No person shall be present at a disciplinary proceeding except (a) the disciplinary authority and its staff; (b) the student against whom the disciplinary proceeding is taken; (c) the parent or guardian of such student; (d) a witness while he is giving evidence, or when required by the disciplinary authority; and (e) such other person as the disciplinary authority may for any special reason authorize to be present. PART VI 160 159 APPEALS Appeal 67. (1) Where a student is dissatisfied with a decision of a disciplinary authority, he may submit in writing of his intention to appeal in duplicate through the Students Affairs Officer within fourteen days from the date on which the decision was given. (2) The notice of appeal shall set out clearly the grounds of appeal. Transmission of appeal to Minister 68. The Students Affairs Officer shall, upon receiving the appeal, submit the same to the Minister together with a copy of the notes of the disciplinary proceeding in respect of which the appeal is given. Action by Minister on appeal 69. (1) The Minister may, on receiving the notice of appeal and the notes of the disciplinary proceeding from the Students Affairs Officer, call for such further information or particulars in relation to the disciplinary proceeding as he may deem fit. (2) If the Minister summarily rejects the appeal under subsection 5(4), the decision of the Minister shall be conveyed to the student through the Students Affairs Officer. (3) Where the Minister appoints a committee under subsection 5(5) consider the appeal, the Minister s decision on the appeal made after receiving the recommendations of the committee shall be communicated to the student through the Students Affairs Officer. Appeal not to operate as stay of execution 70. An appeal by a student shall not operate as a stay of execution of the punishment imposed under rule 57 or as a stay of the payment of any compensation ordered to be paid under rule 65, unless the Students Affairs Officer or the Minister otherwise directs. PART VII GENERAL Disciplinary liability of office-bearers, etc., of a students organization, body or group 71. (1) Where any disciplinary offence has been committed under these Rules, whether or not any student has been found guilty in respect thereof, and such disciplinary offence has been committed or purports to have been committed in the name or on behalf of any organization, body or group of students of the Institution which is established by, under or in accordance with this Act or any other organization, body or group of students of the Institution, every office bearer of such organization, body or group and every student managing or assisting in the management of such organization, body or group at the time of the commission of such disciplinary offence shall be deemed to be guilty of such disciplinary offence and shall be liable to punishment therefor, unless he establishes to the satisfaction of the appropriate disciplinary authority that the disciplinary offence was committed without his knowledge and that he had exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of the disciplinary offence. (2) Any office-bearer of, or any student managing or assisting in the management of, any organization, body or group as referred to in subparagraph (1) shall be liable to be proceeded against under this rule, notwithstanding that he may not have taken part in the commission of the disciplinary offence. (3) In any disciplinary proceeding under this rule against an office-bearer of, or any student managing or assisting in the management of, any organization, body or group as referred to in subparagraph (1), any document found in the possession of any office-bearer of, or student managing or assisting in the management of, such 161 160 organization, body or group, or in the possession of a member of such organization, body or group shall be prima facie evidence of the contents thereof for the purpose of proving that anything has been done or purports to have been done by or on behalf of such organization, body or group. Presumptions 72. In any disciplinary proceeding against a student (a) it shall not be necessary to prove that an organization, body or group of students possesses a name or that it has been constituted or is usually known under a particular name; (b) where any books, accounts, writings, lists of members, seals, banners or insignia of, or relating to, or purporting to relate to, any organization, body or group of persons are found in the possession, custody or under the control of any student, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that such student is a member of such organization, body or group and such organization, body or group shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, to be in existence at the time such books, accounts, writings, lists of members, seals, banners or insignia are so found; and (c) where any books, accounts, writings, lists of members, seals, banners or insignia of, or relating to, any organization, body or group of persons are found in the possession, custody or under the control of any student, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that such student assists in the management of such organization, body or group. Disciplinary offences 73. Any student who commits a breach of, or fails to comply with, or contravenes, any of these Rules or any restriction, condition or term imposed under these Rules or any order, instruction or direction given under these Rules shall be guilty of a disciplinary offence. These Rules not to derogate from criminal liability 74. Nothing in these Rules shall derogate from the liability of any student or other person for any offence under any written law. Service of notice, document, etc (1) Every student shall furnish to the Executive Head the address of his residence or any change thereof which shall be his address for the purpose of serving on him any notice or document required to be served under these Rules or for the purpose of communication with him on any matter in relation to these Rules. (2) Any document, notice or communication left at, or posted by ordinary post to, the address for service furnished under subparagraph (1) shall be deemed to have been duly served upon or communicated to the student. THIRD SCHEDULE [Sections 7, 8, 22 and 23] STUDENTS REPRESENTATIVE COMMITTEE Election of SRC 1. (1) The students of an Institution shall elect a Students Representative Committee in the following manner: (a) in the case of an Institution providing a course of study only in one particular field extending over a period of years, the students of each particular year shall elect by secret ballot, conducted by the Students Affairs Officer, such uniform number of students studying in the respective year to be representatives in the SRC as may be determined by the Executive Head; or 162 161 (b) in the case of an Institution providing several courses of study in different fields, the students of each particular field shall elect by secret ballot, or in any other manner determined by the Students Affairs Officer, such uniform number of students studying in the respective field to be representatives in the SRC as may be determined by the Executive Head; the division of the education provided in an Institution into various fields of study for the purposes of this subparagraph shall be made by the Executive Head with the approval of the Minister. (2) Any question as to whether subsubparagraph 1(a) or (b) applies to an Institution shall be determined by the Minister and such determination shall be final. Office-bearers of SRC 2. The SRC shall elect from among its members a President, a Vice-President, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be its only office-bearers. Term of office of SRC and its office-bearers 3. The members of the SRC and its office-bearers shall be elected for one year. Decisions by majority vote 4. The SRC s decisions shall be taken by a majority vote with not less than two-third of the members being present and voting. Ad hoc committees 5. The SRC may form, from time to time, with the prior approval in writing of the Students Affairs Officer, ad hoc committees from among its members for specific purposes or objects. Disqualification in respect of SRC, student body, student organization or committee 6. No student against whom disciplinary proceedings are pending, or who has been found guilty of a disciplinary offence, shall be elected or remain a member of the SRC or an office-bearer of any student body or committee, unless authorized in writing by the Executive Head. Objects and functions of the SRC 7. The objects and functions of the SRC shall be (a) to assist and encourage, subject to the direction of the Executive Head, the development of facilities for students such as recreational facilities and the supply of meals and refreshments; (b) to make representations to the Executive Head on matters relating to the conditions in which the students live and study; (c) to undertake such other activities as may be determined by the Executive Head from time to time; (d) to foster a spirit of corporate life among the students of the Institution; and (e) to assist the Institution authorities to maintain discipline among students. Expenses of SRC 8. The SRC shall not maintain any fund or make any collection of any money or property from any source whatsoever but such reasonable expenses as the SRC may be authorized in advance in writing by the Executive Head to incur may be paid by the Institution where reasonable written claims supported by receipts and vouchers are submitted by the SRC to the Executive Head and are approved by him. Accounts of SRC 163 The Treasurer shall keep proper accounts of the SRC and not later than three months after the end of every financial year, being a financial year as specified by the Executive Head, a copy of the said accounts which shall be audited by a person appointed by the Executive Head shall be submitted by the SRC for approval to the Executive Head. Meetings of SRC 10. (1) The SRC shall hold meetings from time to time as it may deem necessary and it shall be the duty of the Secretary to keep minutes of every meeting of the SRC and such minutes shall be confirmed at a subsequent meeting. (2) The SRC or an ad hoc committee of the SRC shall, not less than forty eight hours before holding any meeting, give notice of the date and the time of the meeting and its agenda to the Executive Head. (3) Every meeting of the SRC or of an ad hoc committee of the SRC shall be held only at a place provided for the purpose of such meetings by the Executive Head. (4) The Executive Head or his representative shall be present at each meeting of the SRC or of an ad hoc committee of the SRC, unless the Executive Head decides otherwise in respect of any particular meeting. (5) A copy of the minutes of each meeting of the SRC or of an ad hoc committee of the SRC shall be furnished by the SRC or the ad hoc committee to the Executive Head within seventy-two hours of each meeting. Inspection of records 11. The records of the SRC or of an ad hoc committee of the SRC shall at all times be open to inspection by the Executive Head or his representative. Definition of student for the purpose of this Schedule 12. For the purpose of this Schedule student means a person, other than a public officer, following a course of study in the Institution : Provided that a person shall cease to be a student within the meaning of this paragraph from the date on which the final examination for his course of study commences, if he sits for such examination. Disputes as to elections 13. If any dispute arises as to whether any member or office-bearer of the SRC or of an ad hoc committee of the SRC has been duly elected or appointed, as the case may be, or is entitled to be or to remain a member or office-bearer thereof, the dispute shall be decided by the Executive Head or by a person appointed by him for the purpose, and the decision thereon of the Executive Head or of such person shall be final. 164 163 LAWS OF MALAYSIA - EDUCATION ACT 1996 (ACT 550) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART I PRELIMINARY Section 1. Short title and commencement 2. Interpretation PART II ADMINISTRATION 3. Appointment and duty of Director General of Education 4. State Directors of Education and other Education Officers 5. Registrar General of Schools and Teachers 6. Chief Inspector of Schools and Inspectors of Schools 7. Director of Examinations 8. Power of Minister to issue general directions 9. Power of Minister to issue special directions PART III NATIONAL EDUCATION ADVISORY COUNCIL 10. National Education Advisory Council 11. Functions of National Education Advisory Council 12. Right of attendance 13. Power to make regulations in relation to National Education Advisory Council 14. National Education Advisory Council may regulate its own procedure PART IV NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM Chapter 1 The National Education System Section 15. National Education System 16. Categories of educational institutions 17. National language as the main medium of instruction 18. National Curriculum to be used by all schools 19. Schools to prepare pupils for prescribed examinations Chapter 2 Pre-School Education 20. Prohibition against the establishment, operation or management of kindergartens 21. Power of Minister to establish kindergartens 22. National Pre-school Curriculum to be used by all kindergartens 23. Language of instruction in kindergartens 24. Power to make regulations in relation to pre-school education 25. Chapter 2 not applicable to child care centres 26. Non-application of sections 18 and 19 Chapter 3 Primary Education 27. Minister to provide primary education 28. Establishment and maintenance of national and national-type schools 29. Duration of primary education 165 164 29A. Compulsory primary education Chapter 4 Secondary Education 30. Minister to provide secondary education 31. Establishment and maintenance of secondary schools 32. Transition class Chapter 5 Post-Secondary Education 33. Post-secondary education Chapter 6 Other Educational Institutions 34. Other educational institutions Chapter 7 Technical Education and Polytechnics Section 35. Technical education in national secondary schools and other educational institutions 36. Polytechnics may offer courses of study and award qualifications approved by Minister 37. Collaboration with other institutions and industrial organizations in technical and vocational education 38. Provisions as to courses of study in respect of degrees conferred by universities, etc. 39. Power to make regulations in relation to polytechnics Chapter 8 Special Education 40. Minister to provide special education 41. Power to prescribe the duration of and curriculum on special education Chapter 9 Teacher Education 42. Restriction on establishment of teacher education colleges 43. Registration of teacher education colleges 44. Award of certificates or other qualifications by teacher education colleges 45. Minister may establish and maintain teacher education colleges 46. Teacher education colleges to conduct courses of study approved by Minister 47. Provision as to courses of study in respect of degrees, etc., conferred by universities, etc. 48. Instrument of government for teacher education colleges 49. Power to make regulations in relation to teacher education colleges Chapter 10 Religious Teaching in Educational Institutions 50. Teaching of the Islamic religion 51. Teaching of religious knowledge of a religion other than Islam 52. Financial assistance to Islamic educational institutions not established or maintained by the Minister or State Government Chapter 11 Management of Educational Institutions 53. Instrument of government for educational institutions 54. Power to make regulations in relation to instruments of government 55. Educational institution to be managed by its instrument of government 56. Power of Minister to appoint additional governors 57. Appointment of teachers under instrument of government and Act 166 Power of Minister in relation to exercise of functions, etc. 59. Dissolution of board of governors of government or government-aided educational institution 60. Notice of dissolution to contain consequential directions 61. Minister shall appoint a different board upon dissolution of a board 62. Dissolution of board of managers or governors of government educational institution 63. Interpretation Chapter 12 Provision of Facilities and Services 64. Power of Minister to render assistance 65. Medical and dental inspection of pupils 66. Boarding facilities PART V ASSESSMENT AND EXAMINATION 67. Assessment of pupils 68. Examinations 69. Prohibitions on the conduct of examinations PART VI HIGHER EDUCATION 70. Minister to be responsible for higher education 71. Establishment of higher educational institutions, etc., is prohibited 72. Penalty PART VII PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 73. Saving relating to private educational institutions 74. Private educational institutions to comply with the requirement of National Curriculum and to prepare pupils for prescribed examinations 75. Subjects to be taught in private educational institutions providing postsecondary education 76. Power to make regulations for supervision and control of standard of education 77. Prohibition as to courses of study and training in respect of degrees, etc., conferred by universities, etc. 78. Application of other provisions of the Act to private educational institutions PART VIII REGISTRATION OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Chapter 1 Registration of Educational Institutions 79. All educational institutions to be registered 80. Register 81. Provisional certificates of registration 82. Registration 83. Change in respect of educational institution premises 84. Refusal to register an educational institution 85. Notice of refusal to register an educational institution 86. Prohibition on advertisement, etc. Chapter 2 Cancellation of Registration 87. Grounds for cancellation of registration of an educational institution Chapter 3 Registration of Governors and Employees 167 88. All governors and employees to be registered 89. Registration of governor and employee 90. Grounds of refusal to register a governor or employee 91. Notice of refusal to register a governor or employee 92. Appeal against refusal to register a governor or employee 93. Power of Registrar General to strike off the register a governor or employee 94. Retirement of governors and employees 95. Persons struck off the register to be notified 96. Appeal against striking off the register 97. Surrender of certificate of registration Chapter 4 Registration of Pupils 98. Registration of pupils Chapter 5 Inspection of Educational Institutions by the Registrar General 99. Inspections to be made from time to time 100. Powers of Registrar General on inspection of registered educational institutions 101. Inspection of premises of unregistered educational institutions 102. Power to close unregistered educational institution PART IX REGISTRATION OF TEACHERS Chapter 1 Registration of Teachers 103. Prohibition to teach 104. Register of teachers 105. Application for registration as a teacher 106. Power of Registrar General to refuse to register a person as a teacher 107. Notice of refusal to register a person as a teacher 108. Appeal against refusal to register a person as a teacher 109. Registration of teachers 110. Revocation of registration after notice 111. Appeals 112. Striking off the register 113. Transitional provisions as to registration of teachers Chapter 2 Permits to Teach 114. Issue of permits to teach. Chapter 3 Miscellaneous 115. Surrender of certificates of registration as a teacher 116. Duty of teacher to notify change of educational institution PART X THE INSPECTORATE OF SCHOOLS Chapter 1 The Inspectorate Section 117. Duties of Chief Inspector 118. Advisory powers of Inspectors of Schools 119. Restriction on orders of Inspectors of Schools 120. Reports by Inspectors of Schools Chapter 2 General 121. General powers of Inspectors of Schools 166 168 Chief Inspector may authorize Education Officers to act on his behalf PART XI FINANCE 123. Saving relating to Minister 124. Grant-in-aid and capital grant to be subject to conditions, etc., as may be prescribed 125. Power of Minister to suspend or cancel payment of any grant PART XII APPEALS 126. Minister to decide on appeals after investigation 127. Powers of Committee of Enquiry 128. No appearance by advocate and solicitor before the Committee of Enquiry 129. Evidence before the Committee of Enquiry PART XIII REGULATIONS 130. Power of Minister to make regulations 131. Regulations may prescribe penalties for contravention thereof PART XIV OFFENCES AND PENALTIES 132. Offences and penalties relating to registration of educational institutions 133. Offences and penalties relating to registration of teachers 134. Offences and penalties relating to Inspectors 135. General penalty 136. Power to investigate 137. Power to enter without warrant 138. Institution and conduct of prosecution 139. Power to compound offences PART XV MISCELLANEOUS 140. Officers deemed to be public servants 141. Requirements as to premises 142. Enrolment of pupils in government or government-aided educational institutions 143. Power to exempt educational institutions 144. Special Committee 145. Service of notices, etc. PART XVI TRANSITIONAL AND REPEAL 146. Change of title of certain educational institutions 147. Secondary vocational schools to be part of national secondary school until annulled 148. Assistance to existing educational institutions 149. Saving in respect of contribution towards religious teaching 150. Saving in respect of certain exempted educational institutions, etc Saving in respect of registered educational institution, governor, manager or employee 152. Winding up of Central Board 153. Maintenance of contributory fund 169 References to governor or board of governors to include manager and board of managers 155. Repeal 156. Power of Minister of Finance SCHEDULE An Act to provide for education and for matters connected therewith. [31 December 1997, P.U. (B) 541/1997] WHEREAS acknowledging that knowledge is the key determinant of the destiny and survival of the nation: AND WHEREAS the purpose of education is to enable the Malaysian society to have a command of knowledge, skills and values necessary in a world that is highly competitive and globalised, arising from the impact of rapid development in science, technology and information: AND WHEREAS education plays a vital role in achieving the country s vision of attaining the status of a fully developed nation in terms of economic development, social justice, and spiritual, moral and ethical strength, towards creating a society that is united, democratic, liberal and dynamic: AND WHEREAS it is the mission to develop a world-class quality education system which will realise the full potential of the individual and fulfill the aspiration of the Malaysian nation: AND WHEREAS the National Education Policy is based on the National Philosophy of Education which is expressed as follows: Education in Malaysia is an ongoing effort towards further developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and integrated manner so as to produce individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonious, based on a firm belief in and devotion to God. Such an effort is designed to produce Malaysian citizens who are knowledgeable and competent, who possess high moral standards, and who are responsible and capable of achieving a high level of personal well-being as well as being able to contribute to the betterment of the family, the society and the nation at large : AND WHEREAS the above policy is to be executed through a national system of education which provides for the national language to be the main medium of instruction, a National Curriculum and common examinations; the education provided being varied and comprehensive in scope and which will satisfy the needs of the nation as well as promote national unity through cultural, social, economic and political development in accordance with the principles of Rukunegara: AND WHEREAS it is considered desirable that regard shall be had, so far as is compatible with that policy, with the provision of efficient instruction and with the avoidance of unreasonable public expenditure, to the general principle that pupils are to be educated in accordance with the wishes of their parents: NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ENACTED by the Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-pertuan Agong with the advice and consent of the Dewan Negara and Dewan Rakyat in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows: PART I PRELIMINARY Short title and commencement 1. This Act may be cited as the Education Act 1996 and shall come into force on a date to be appointed by the Minister by notification in the Gazette, and the Minister may appoint different dates for different provisions of this Act. Interpretation 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires 170 169 age, in relation to a pupil, means the age attained by the pupil on the first day of the first month of the school year in question; appointed date means the date of coming into force of this Act; approved fees means fees approved by the Minister; Assistant Registrar means an Assistant Registrar of Schools or Assistant Registrar of Teachers, as the case may be, appointed under subsection 5(3); capital grant means a payment from public funds to an educational institution for (a) the provision of buildings; (b) the alteration to or extension of existing premises; (c) the provision of furniture or equipment for new, altered or extended premises; or (d) such other purposes as may be prescribed; Chief Inspector means the Chief Inspector of Schools appointed under subsection 6(1); Chinese language means the form of the Chinese language commonly known as Mandarin; compulsory education means primary education which is prescribed to be compulsory education under subsection 29A(1); correspondence means correspondence delivered by hand or by post; correspondence school means an organization or institution providing instruction or teaching by means of correspondence; Director of Education means a Director of Education of a State or Federal Territory appointed under section 4; Director General means the Director General of Education appointed under section 3; distance education centre means a place, an organization or an institution providing instruction or teaching (a) exclusively through the medium of electronics; (b) exclusively through correspondence; (c) partly through the medium of electronics and partly through correspondence or other methods of instruction; or (d) partly through the medium of electronics and partly through correspondence and other methods of instruction; Education Officer, in relation to a district or an area, means an education officer appointed under paragraph 4(b); Education Service means a public service under paragraph (h) of Clause (1) of Article 132 of the Federal Constitution; educational institution means a school or any other place where, in the carrying on of the work of an organization or institution, persons are habitually taught, whether in one or more classes, and includes a kindergarten and a distance education centre but does not include (a) any place where the teaching is confined exclusively to the teaching of any religion; or (b) any place declared by the Minister by notification in the Gazette not to be an educational institution for the purposes of this Act; employee means a person employed by a board of governors, other than a governor, a teacher or such other person as may be appointed or nominated by the Minister under subsection 58(2) or 61(2), as the case may be, employed or actively taking part in work connected with the running or the administration of an educational institution; 171 170 extension education means a full-time or part-time education for persons who are not following the usual course of study at an educational institution; government school or government educational institution means a school or an educational institution established and fully maintained by the Minister under Part IV; government-aided school or government-aided educational institution means a school or an educational institution in receipt of capital grant and full grant-in-aid; governor means a person who is empowered under an instrument of government to administer or manage an educational institution; grant-in-aid means any payment from public funds, other than a capital grant, made to an educational institution; higher education means education provided by a higher educational institution; higher educational institution means an educational institution providing higher education leading to the award of a diploma, degree or the equivalent thereof; instrument of government means an instrument of government as specified in section 53; kindergarten means any place where pre-school education is provided to ten or more pupils; lower secondary education means a three-year course appropriate for a pupil who has completed primary education; National Curriculum means such curriculum as may be prescribed; national language means the Malay language as stipulated in Article 152 of the Federal Constitution; national school means a government or government-aided primary school (a) providing primary education appropriate for pupils from the age of six years; (b) using the national language as the main medium of instruction; (c) in which the English language is a compulsory subject of instruction; and (d) in which facilities for the teaching of (i) the Chinese or Tamil language shall be made available if the parents of at least fifteen pupils in the school so request; and (ii) indigenous languages shall be made available if it is reasonable and practicable so to do and if the parents of at least fifteen pupils in the school so request; national secondary school means a government or government-aided secondary school (a) providing a five-year course of secondary education appropriate for pupils who have just completed primary education; (b) using the national language as the main medium of instruction; (c) in which the English language is a compulsory subject of instruction; (d) in which facilities for the teaching of (i) the Chinese or Tamil language shall be made available if the parents of at least fifteen pupils in the school so request; (ii) indigenous languages shall be made available if it is reasonable and practicable so to do and if the parents of at least fifteen pupils in the school so request; and 172 171 (iii) Arabic, Japanese, German or French or any other foreign language may be made available if it is reasonable and practicable so to do; and (e) preparing pupils for such examinations as may be prescribed, and includes any such school providing a transition class; national-type school means a government or government-aided primary school (a) providing primary education appropriate for pupils from the age of six years; (b) using the Chinese or Tamil language as the main medium of instruction; and (c) in which the national and English languages are compulsory subjects of instruction; parent includes a guardian and any person who has the legal or actual control of a pupil; place means any place, whether public or private; post-secondary education means education provided to a person who has completed upper secondary education, but does not include higher education; pre-school curriculum means the National Pre-school Curriculum prescribed by the Minister under section 22; pre-school education means an educational programme for pupils from the ages of four to six years; premises means any building used as an educational institution and includes any building for the purpose of providing accommodation and other facilities for pupils and staff of the institution but does not include any land occupied therewith; prescribed means prescribed by regulations made under this Act; primary education means a course of study at primary level which is designed for a duration of six years but which may be completed within five to seven years; primary school means a school providing primary education appropriate for pupils from the age of six years; private school or private educational institution means a school or an educational institution which is not a government or government-aided school or educational institution; pupil means a person of any age for whom education or training is being provided in an educational institution; registered teacher means any teacher registered under this Act; Registrar means the Registrar of Schools and Teachers appointed under subsection 5(3) and includes the Registrar General; Registrar General means the Registrar General of Schools and Teachers appointed under subsection 5(1), and includes the Deputy Registrar General of Schools and Teachers appointed under subsection 5(2); school means a place where ten or more persons are habitually taught whether in one or more classes, but does not include any place where the teaching is confined exclusively to the teaching of any religion; secondary education means education comprising lower secondary and upper secondary education; secondary school means a school providing secondary education appropriate for a pupil who has just completed primary education; special education means education that caters for the special educational needs of pupils; 173 172 special school means a school providing special education as prescribed by regulations made under section 41; State Authority means the Ruler or Yang di-pertua Negeri of a State and, in the case of a Federal Territory, the Yang di-pertuan Agong; teacher means a person who (a) teaches pupils in an educational institution; or (b) prepares or issues lessons or corrects returned answers in, for or through a distance education centre, and includes a head teacher or principal; transition class means a class in a secondary school providing one year of instruction to pupils from a primary school using a language other than the national language as the medium of instruction prior to the commencement of the lower secondary education; upper secondary education means education suitable to the abilities and aptitudes of a pupil who has completed lower secondary education. PART II ADMINISTRATION Appointment and duty of Director General of Education 3. (1) There shall be a Director General of Education who shall be appointed by the Yang di-pertuan Agong from amongst the officers in the Education Service. (2) The Director General shall have the powers and exercise the functions conferred on him by this Act, and shall advise the Minister on matters pertaining to education. 4. There shall be (a) for each State or for such other area in Malaysia as may be determined by the Minister a Director of Education; and (b) for each district or for such other area in a State as may be determined by the Minister an Education Officer designed as such for the purposes of this Act, who shall be appointed by the Minister. Registrar General of Schools and Teachers 5. (1) There shall be a Registrar General of Schools and Teachers who shall be appointed by the Minister. (2) The Minister may appoint a Deputy Registrar General of Schools and Teachers. (3) The Minister shall appoint a Registrar of Schools and Teachers for each State and for such area within Malaysia as may be determined by the Minister, and may appoint such numbers of Assistant Registrars of Schools and Assistant Registrars of Teachers as may be considered necessary for the purposes of this Act. (4) The Deputy Registrar General, the Registrars, and the Assistant Registrars shall be under the direction and control of the Registrar General. (5) The Registrar General shall have the powers and exercise the functions conferred on him by this Act, and in his absence such powers and functions may be had or exercised by the Deputy Registrar General. (6) The Registrar or Assistant Registrar may exercise all the powers and functions conferred on the Registrar General by or under this Act, subject to any restriction that may be imposed by the Registrar General. Chief Inspector of Schools and Inspectors of Schools 6. (1) The Minister shall appoint a Chief Inspector of Schools. 174 173 (2) The Minister shall appoint such other Inspectors of Schools as may be considered necessary for the purposes of this Act. (3) All Inspectors of Schools appointed under subsection (2) shall be subject to the direction and control of the Chief Inspector of Schools. Director of Examinations 7. (1) The Minister shall appoint a Director of Examinations and may appoint such other officers to act under the general direction and control of the Director of Examinations as he may consider necessary for the purposes of this Act. (2) The Director of Examinations shall, subject to any regulations made under section 68, be responsible for the conduct of examinations for the purposes of this Act. Power of Minister to issue general directions 8. The Minister may from time to time give an officer appointed under this Part directions of a general character, and not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, as to the exercise of the powers and discretion conferred on the officer by, and the duties required to be discharged by the officer under, this Act and regulations made under this Act, in relation to all matters which appear to the Minister to affect the National Education Policy, and the officer shall give effect to every such direction. Power of Minister to issue special directions 9. The Minister may from time to time give (a) a governor or any member of a board appointed under subsection 61(1), or an employee or head teacher, of an educational institution; and (b) a member of the Central Board established under section 92 of the Education Act 1961 [Act 43 of 1961], directions, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act or any regulations made under this Act, in relation to any matter in respect of which regulations may be made under this Act, and the governor, member, employee or head teacher shall give effect to every such direction. PART III NATIONAL EDUCATION ADVISORY COUNCIL National Education Advisory Council 10. (1) There may be established for the purposes of this Act a National Education Advisory Council. (2) The National Education Advisory Council shall consist of a chairman and such other persons as may be appointed by the Minister. (3) Subject to regulations made under this Part, each member of the National Education Advisory Council shall hold office for such term and subject to such conditions as may be specified in his letter of appointment. (4) Any appointment made in pursuance of this section shall be published in the Gazette. Functions of National Education Advisory Council 11. (1) The Minister may refer to the National Education Advisory Council any matter relating to education for its advice. (2) The National Education Advisory Council shall, when any matter is referred to it under subsection (1), consider such matter and submit to the Minister its advice thereon. Right of attendance 12. The Minister may attend, and may nominate representatives to attend, any meeting of the National Education Advisory Council. Power to make regulations in relation to National Education Advisory Council 175 The Minister may make regulations for the purpose of giving effect to the provisions of this Part, and, without prejudice to the generality of such power, may by the regulations provide for (a) the number of members of the Council; (b) the terms and conditions of office of members; (c) meetings and procedures of the Council; (d) the appointment of committees and sub-committees of the Council; and (e) such other matters as the Minister considers necessary for the proper functioning of the Council. National Education Advisory Council may regulate its own procedure 14. Subject to this Act and any regulations made under this Act, the National Education Advisory Council may regulate its own procedure. PART IV NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM Chapter 1 The National Education System National Education System 15. The National Education System shall comprise (a) pre-school education; (b) primary education; (c) secondary education; (d) post-secondary education; and (e) higher education, but shall not include education in expatriate schools or international schools. Categories of educational institutions 16. There shall be three categories of educational institutions in the National Education System, namely (a) government educational institutions; (b) government-aided educational institutions; and (c) private educational institutions. National language as the main medium of instruction 17. (1) The national language shall be the main medium of instruction in all educational institutions in the National Education System except a national-type school established under section 28 or any other educational institution exempted by the Minister from this subsection. (2) Where the main medium of instruction in an educational institution is other than the national language, the national language shall be taught as a compulsory subject in the educational institution. National Curriculum to be used by all schools 18. (1) The Minister shall prescribe a curriculum to be known as the National Curriculum which, subject to subsection (3), shall be used by all schools in the National Education System. (2) The National Curriculum prescribed under subsection (1) shall specify the knowledge, skills and values that are expected to be acquired by pupils at the end of their respective periods of schooling and shall include the core subjects as set out in the Schedule and such other subjects as may be prescribed. 176 175 (3) In the case of private schools, subsection (1) shall be deemed to have been complied with if the core subjects of the National Curriculum as set out in the Schedule are taught in the schools. (4) The Minister may from time to time by order published in the Gazette add to, amend or alter the Schedule. Schools to prepare pupils for prescribed examination 19. Every school shall prepare its pupils for examinations prescribed by or under this Act or any regulations made under this Act unless otherwise exempted by or under this Act. Chapter 2 Pre-School Education Prohibition against the establishment, operation or management of kindergartens 20. (1) No kindergarten shall be established, operated or managed unless it is registered under this Act. (2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence. Power of Minister to establish kindergartens 21. The Minister may subject to the provisions of this Act establish and maintain kindergartens. National Pre-school Curriculum to be used by all kindergartens 22. (1) The Minister shall prescribe a curriculum, to be known as the National Pre-school Curriculum, that shall be used by all kindergartens in the National Education System. (2) The National Pre-school Curriculum prescribed under subsection (1) shall specify the knowledge, skills and values that are expected to be acquired by the pupils at the end of their respective period of pre-school education. (3) Any kindergarten intending to implement any curriculum in addition to the National Pre-school Curriculum shall, before implementing such additional curriculum, inform the Registrar General of such intention in such manner as may be prescribed. (4) A person who contravenes subsection (1) or (3) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding ten thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year or to both. Language of instruction in kindergartens 23. Notwithstanding subsection 17(1), languages other than the national language may be used as a medium of instruction in kindergartens, but where a kindergarten uses a language other than the national language, the national language shall be taught as a compulsory subject. Power to make regulations in relation to pre-school education 24. The Minister may make regulations for the carrying out of the provisions of this Chapter. Chapter 2 not applicable to child care centres 25. The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to a child care centre established and registered under any written law relating to such centre. Non-application of sections 18 and Sections 18 and 19 shall not apply to kindergartens. Chapter 3 Primary Education Minister to provide primary education 27. It shall be the duty of the Minister to provide primary education in government and government-aided primary schools. 177 176 Establishment and maintenance of national and national-type schools 28. Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Minister may establish national schools and national-type schools and shall maintain such schools. Duration of primary education 29. A national school, national-type school or private school established under this Act shall provide a course of primary education design for a duration of six years but which may be completed within five to seven years. Compulsory primary education 29A. (1) The Minister may, by order published in the Gazette, prescribe primary education to be compulsory education. (2) Every parent who is a Malaysian citizen residing in Malaysia shall ensure that if his child has attained the age of six years on the first day of January of the current school year that child is enrolled as a pupil in a primary school in that year and remains a pupil in a primary school for the duration of the compulsory education. (3) The Minister may, if he considers it desirable and in the interest of the pupils or the public to do so, by order published in the Gazette, exempt any pupil or any class of pupils from the requirement to attend compulsory education, either absolutely or subject to such conditions as he may think fit to impose, and may at any time in his discretion revoke the exemption or revoke or alter or add to such conditions. (4) A parent who contravenes subsection (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding five thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. (5) The Minister may make regulations for the carrying into effect of the provisions of this section. Chapter 4 Secondary Education Minister to provide secondary education 30. (1) It shall be the duty of the Minister to provide secondary education in the following national secondary schools: (a) academic secondary schools; (b) technical secondary schools; and (c) secondary schools of such other descriptions as the Minister may from time to time determine. (2) Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Minister may provide upper secondary education in any national secondary school. Establishment and maintenance of secondary schools 31. Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Minister may establish and maintain any of the schools described in section 30. Transition class 32. The Minister may provide for a transition class in any academic national secondary school. Chapter 5 Post-Secondary Education Post-secondary education 33. The Minister may provide post-secondary education in (a) the national secondary schools described in paragraphs 30(1)(a) and (1)(b); (b) colleges; and (c) any other national secondary school or educational institution established and 178 177 maintained by the Minister under this Act. Chapter 6 Other Educational Institutions Other educational institutions 34. (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Minister may establish and maintain the following educational institutions: (a) colleges, other than colleges with the status of University or University College established or deemed to be established under the Universities and University Colleges Act 1971 [Act 30]; (b) special schools; (c) polytechnics; and (d) any other educational institution, the establishment or maintenance of which is not provided for under this Act or the Universities and University Colleges Act (2) The Minister may give grant-in-aid to an educational institution, not established by him, falling within paragraph (1)(a) or (1)(b). Chapter 7 Technical Education and Polytechnics Technical education in national secondary schools and other educational institutions 35. (1) The Minister may provide technical education in (a) any national secondary school described in section 30; or (b) other educational institutions described in paragraph 34(1)(a) or (1)(c). (2) For the purpose of subsection (1), technical education includes the provision of (a) skill training; (b) specialized training related to a specific job; (c) training for the upgrading of existing skills; and (d) such other technical or vocational training as may be approved by the Minister. Polytechnics may offer courses of study and award qualifications approved by Minister 36. A polytechnic established under paragraph 34(1)(c) may (a) offer courses of study and training programmes approved by the Minister; and (b) award certificates, diplomas or such other qualifications as may be prescribed. Collaboration with other institutions and industrial organizations in technical and vocational education 37. (1) Subject to the approval of the Minister, a polytechnic established under this Act may, in collaboration with any institution, corporation or industrial organization, conduct technical or vocational courses or training programmes (including exchange programmes) which the Minister deems expedient for the purposes of (a) giving effect to the transfer of technology; (b) upgrading technical and vocational skills of teachers, employees and pupils of the polytechnic; and (c) carrying out such training programmes as the Minister considers desirable and beneficial to the polytechnic or its pupils or teachers. (2) The approval given under subsection (1) may be subject to such terms and conditions as the Minister may impose. Provisions as to courses of study in respect of degrees conferred by universities, etc. 38. (1) A polytechnic established under this Act may, with the approval of the Minister, conduct courses of study or training programmes for diplomas, certificates or other forms of recognition of a qualification conferred by any university or other institution of higher education within Malaysia or outside Malaysia. 179 178 (2) The approval given under subsection (1) may be made subject to such terms and conditions as the Minister may deem fit to impose. (3) The Minister shall not give his approval under subsection (1) unless he is satisfied that the polytechnic has made all suitable arrangements with the university or other institution of higher education concerned with the conduct of the courses of study or training programmes. Power to make regulations in relation to polytechnics 39. The Minister may make regulations for the carrying into effect of the provisions of this Chapter and, without prejudice to the generality of such power, the regulations may provide for (a) the establishment of a board or body to carry out evaluation or assessment or to conduct examinations for polytechnics; (b) the establishment of a board or body to develop, monitor and modify the curriculum as to courses of study and training programmes offered by polytechnics; (c) the award of a certificate or diploma or any other qualification; (d) the discipline of pupils; (e) the establishment, organization, management, control and dissolution of any council, body or committee for extracurricular activities in polytechnics; and (f) any other matter which the Minister deems expedient or necessary for the purposes of this Chapter. Chapter 8 Special Education Minister to provide special education 40. The Minister shall provide special education in special schools established under paragraph 34(1)(b) or in such primary or secondary schools as the Minister deems expedient. Power to prescribe the duration of and curriculum on special education 41. (1) Subject to subsections (2) and (3), the Minister may by regulations prescribe (a) the duration of primary and secondary education suitable to the needs of a pupil in receipt of special education; (b) the curriculum to be used in respect of special education; (c) the categories of pupils requiring special education and the methods appropriate for the education of pupils in each category of special schools; and (d) any other matter which the Minister deems expedient or necessary for the purposes of this Chapter. (2) The duration prescribed by the Minister under paragraph (1)(a) shall not be less than the minimum duration for primary or secondary education, as the case may be, provided for under this Act. (3) The curriculum prescribed under paragraph (1)(b) shall comply with the requirements of the National Curriculum in so far as it is reasonably practicable. Chapter 9 Teacher Education Restriction on establishment of teacher education colleges 42. No person shall establish or maintain a teacher education college except with the approval of the Minister. Registration of teacher education colleges 43. All teacher education colleges, the establishment or maintenance of which have been approved under section 42, shall be registered under this Act. 180 179 Award of certificates or other qualifications by teacher education colleges 44. A teacher education college established under this Act may award a certificate or such other qualifications as may be prescribed. Minister may establish and maintain teacher education colleges 45. Notwithstanding section 42, the Minister may establish and maintain teacher education colleges and provide therein teacher education. Teacher education colleges to conduct courses of study approved by Minister 46. Every teacher education college established under this Chapter shall conduct such courses of study and training programmes as may be approved by the Minister. Provision as to courses of study in respect of degrees, etc., conferred by universities, etc. 47. (1) A teacher education college established under this Chapter may, with the approval of the Minister, conduct courses of study or training programmes for degrees, diplomas, certificates or other forms of recognition of a qualification conferred by any university or other institution of higher education within Malaysia or outside Malaysia. (2) The approval given under subsection (1) may be made subject to such terms and conditions as the Minister may deem fit to impose. (3) The Minister shall not give his approval under subsection (1) unless he is satisfied that the teacher education college has made suitable arrangements with the university or other institution of higher education concerned with the conduct of the courses of study or training programmes. (4) A person who contravenes subsection (1) or fails to comply with any term or condition imposed by the Minister under subsection (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding thirty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. Instrument of government for teacher education colleges 48. (1) Except for teacher education colleges established and maintained by the Minister under section 45, every teacher education college established under this Act shall have an instrument of government. (2) Every instrument of government under this section shall be approved by, and shall be deposited with, the Registrar General at the time of registration. (3) Every instrument of government under this section shall provide for the constitution of a board of governors, with a chairman, for the management of the teacher education college by the governors in a manner not inconsistent with this Act and any regulations made under this Act. (4) Every instrument of government under this section shall be made, amended or revoked in such manner as may be prescribed. Power to make regulations in relation to teacher education colleges 49. The Minister may make regulations for the carrying into effect of the provisions of this Chapter and, without prejudice to the generality of such power, the regulations may provide for 181 180 (a) the establishment of a board or body to carry out evaluation or assessment or to conduct examinations for teacher education; (b) the courses of study and training programmes to be carried out by a teacher education college; (c) the award of certificates or diplomas; (d) the discipline of pupils in teacher education colleges; (e) the establishment, organization, management, control and dissolution of a council, body or committee for extracurricular activities at college, district, state and national levels; (f) the recognition of qualifications issued by a teacher education college; (g) procedures for the application for registration of a teacher education college; (h) any other matter which the Minister deems expedient or necessary for the purposes of this Chapter. Chapter 10 Religious Teaching in Educational Institutions Teaching of the Islamic religion 50. (1) Where in an educational institution there are five or more pupils professing the Islamic religion, such pupils shall be given religious teaching in Islam by teachers approved by the State Authority. (2) The teaching required in an educational institution under subsection (1) shall be for a period of at least two hours a week within the period of general teaching of the educational institution, or within such other period as the Minister may, in the case of any particular educational institution, appoint. (3) The governors or other persons responsible for the management of an educational institution required to provide teaching under this section shall make such arrangements as may be necessary for that purpose. (4) The governors or other persons responsible for the management of two or more educational institutions may, with the approval of the Registrar, make arrangements for teaching under this section to be given to the pupils professing the Islamic religion in the educational institutions jointly. Teaching of religious knowledge of a religion other than Islam 51. The governors of a government-aided educational institution may provide for religious teaching in a religion other than Islam to the pupils of the educational institution or to any of them but (a) no such provision shall be defrayed from moneys provided by Parliament; and (b) no pupil shall attend teaching in a religion other than that which he professes, except with the written consent of his parent. Financial assistance to Islamic educational institutions not established or maintained by the Minister or State Government 52. Subject to such conditions and limitations as the Minister may deem fit to impose, financial assistance by way of grant may be given out of moneys provided by Parliament to an Islamic educational institution which is not maintained by the Minister under this Act or by the Government of a State and which is either an educational institution within the meaning of this Act or is not such an educational institution only because the teaching therein is confined exclusively to the teaching of the religion of Islam. Chapter 11 Management of Educational Institutions 182 181 Instrument of government for educational institutions 53. (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, every educational institution shall have an instrument of government. (2) Every instrument of government shall provide for the constitution of a board of governors, with a chairman, for the management of the educational institution by the governors in a manner not inconsistent with this Act and any regulations made under this Act. (3) Subsection (1) shall not apply to government educational institutions except a national-type school and schools to be determined by the Minister. (4) Every instrument of government shall be made, amended or revoked in such manner as may be prescribed. Power to make regulations in relation to instruments of government 54. (1) The Minister may make regulations for the establishment of a board of governors and for the management of an educational institution by a board of governors and, without prejudice to the generality of such power, the Minister may, in the regulations, prescribe the duties of the governors and other persons responsible for the management of educational institutions. (2) Any regulations made under subsection (1) may prescribe different duties for governors or other persons responsible for the management of different categories of educational institutions. Educational institution to be managed by its instrument of government 55. Subject to the other provisions of this Act and in particular the provisions as to exemption, every educational institution shall be managed in accordance with its instrument of government. Power of Minister to appoint additional governors 56. (1) If the Minister is satisfied (a) that discipline in an educational institution is not being adequately maintained; (b) that the terms of the instrument of government of an educational institution are being wilfully disregarded; (c) that any provision of this Act or any regulations made under this Act is being wilfully disregarded; or (d) in the case of a government-aided educational institution, the property or funds of the educational institution are not being properly administered, he may appoint by name such additional governors of the educational institution as he may think fit. (2) The Minister may in his discretion at any time remove an additional governor appointed under subsection (1). (3) An additional governor appointed for an educational institution under subsection (1) shall for all purposes be deemed to be a governor of the institution. (4) Chapter 3 of Part VIII shall not apply to an additional governor appointed under subsection (1). Appointment of teachers under instrument of government and Act 57. Subject to the other provisions of this Act and any regulations made under this Act, teachers in an educational institution other than a government or government-aided educational institution shall be appointed in accordance with the instrument of government. Power of Minister in relation to exercise of functions, etc. 183 (1) If the Minister is satisfied that in an educational institution (a) the governors have been acting or are proposing to act unreasonably with respect to the exercise of any power conferred or the discharge of any duty imposed by or under this Act; or (b) the governors have failed to discharge any duty imposed upon them by or under this Act, the Minister may (aa) give such directions in writing as to the exercise of the power or the discharge of the duty as appear to him to be expedient, with which directions it shall be the duty of the governors to comply; or (bb) suspend or dismiss all or any of the governors and, notwithstanding the provisions of any instrument relating to the institution, appoint such person or persons as he may think fit to have and to exercise all the functions of the governors for such period as he may direct. (2) If at any time, for an educational institution, there is no board of governors constituted under this Act the Minister may appoint such person or persons as he may think fit to exercise the functions of governors for the institution for such period as he may direct. Dissolution of board of governors of government or government aided educational institution 59. (1) The Minister may, after giving the board of governors of a government or government-aided educational institution an opportunity to make representations in accordance with regulations made under this Act, by notice in writing addressed to and served upon the chairman of the board order that the board be dissolved if he is satisfied that the board (a) has contravened any provision of this Act or any regulations made under this Act; (b) has contravened any direction issued by the Minister under section 9; (c) has contravened any term or condition imposed under subsection 82(3); (d) has failed to observe or carry out any provision of the instrument of government of the educational institution; (e) has failed to prevent the educational institution from being used for purposes which are detrimental to the interests of Malaysia or any part thereof or which are contrary to public interest; or (f) has failed to prevent the educational institution from being used for any activity or purpose of an unlawful nature, or for any activity or purpose of an unlawful organization, society or other body of persons. (2) Where the Minister dissolves a board under subsection (1), he shall specify in the notice the grounds for the dissolution and the date on which the dissolution shall take effect. Notice of dissolution to contain consequential directions 60. The notice dissolving a board under subsection 59(1) may contain all such directions of incidental, consequential, ancillary or transitional nature as the Minister may deem it necessary, expedient or fit to give. Minister shall appoint a different board upon dissolution of a board 61. (1) Where the Minister dissolves a board under section 59, the Minister shall at any time thereafter appoint a different board in accordance with the Act. (2) Where the Minister has not appointed a board under subsection (1), the powers, 184 183 functions and duties of the board shall be exercised by the head teacher of the educational institution or by such other person as the Minister may nominate who shall be a member of the public service. (3) After the dissolution of a board of governors of a government or government-aided educational institution under section 59 sections 53, 54, 55, 56 and 87 shall not apply to the educational institution. Dissolution of board of managers or governors of government educational institution 62. (1) Every board of managers or board of governors of a government educational institution except (a) a government national-type primary school; and (b) a government national primary school or government national secondary school to be determined by the Minister, established prior to the appointed date, shall be dissolved on that date in such manner as the Minister may determine, and thereupon it shall cease to employ and to be the employer of teachers and other employees, and every instrument of management or government pertaining to the educational institution shall cease to have effect. (2) Upon the dissolution of a board of managers or board of governors of a government educational institution under subsection (1) (a) a person acting as a manager or governor immediately prior to the appointed date shall cease to act as such; (b) all rights, obligations and liabilities relating to any matter which, immediately before the appointed date, were the responsibility of the board shall on that date devolve on the Government; and (c) sections 53, 54, 55, 56, 59 and 87 shall not apply to the government educational institution. Interpretation 63. References to a board of governors in this Chapter shall, in relation to Sabah, include a Management Committee and, in relation to Sarawak, include a Committee of Management. Chapter 12 Provision of Facilities and Services Power of Minister to render assistance 64. Subject to any regulations made under this Act, the Minister may render assistance whether financial or otherwise in respect of pupils or any class of pupils in government or government-aided educational institutions and such assistance may include (a) the granting of bursaries, scholarships, loans or such other assistance; and (b) the provisions of (i) accommodation; (ii) transport; (iii) books; and (iv) medical and dental services, for the purpose of enabling the pupils to take full advantage of the educational facilities available to them or for the purpose of promoting their health and well-being. Medical and dental inspection of pupils 65. (1) Without prejudice to the generality of the powers conferred by section 64, the Minister shall, so far as it is reasonable and practicable so to do, provide for the medical and dental inspection at appropriate intervals of pupils of government or government aided educational institutions. 185 184 (2) An officer authorized in that behalf by the Minister may require the parent or guardian of a pupil of a government or government-aided educational institution to cause the pupil to undergo medical or dental inspection, in accordance with arrangements made by the school authorities, or by a registered medical or dental practitioner, and a person who fails without reasonable excuse to comply with the requirement shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding five hundred ringgit. Boarding facilities 66. Without prejudice to the generality of the power conferred by section 64, the Minister may, where pupils cannot reasonably be provided with the requisite education or training unless boarding accommodation is provided, make such arrangements for the accommodation (whether free or subject to such charges as the arrangements provide) as he may consider appropriate. PART V ASSESSMENT AND EXAMINATION Assessment of pupils 67. (1) The Minister may prescribe the manner in which pupils in primary and secondary schools shall be assessed and the standards to be achieved by the pupils. (2) The assessment prescribed under subsection (1) shall be in addition to any prescribed examination. Examinations 68. The Minister may make regulations to provide for (a) the examinations to be held for the purposes of this Act; (b) the times and places at which examinations shall be held, and the qualifications and conditions of entry for the examinations; (c) the fees to be paid for entry for examinations; (d) the syllabuses for, and language media of, examinations; (e) the conduct of examinations including the establishment of a body or syndicate to manage and conduct examinations; and (f) the powers, functions and duties of the Director of Examinations. Prohibitions on the conduct of examinations 69. (1) Subject to subsection (4), no person or educational institution shall conduct, permit or cause to be held or conducted, or be in any manner concerned in the holding or conducting of, any examination for any pupil of an educational institution or for any private candidate without the prior written approval of the Director of Examinations. (2) In granting approval under subsection (1), the Director of Examinations may impose such restrictions, terms and conditions as he deems fit. (3) A reference in this section to the holding or conducting of an examination shall be deemed to include the act of (a) inviting candidates for an examination; (b) collecting or receiving any fee or payment or any donation or gift in respect of an examination; (c) preparing any syllabus, course or scheme of study in respect of an examination; (d) marking or grading of answers or responses to questions or tests in an examination; (e) issuing or granting any diploma or other document or form of recognition in respect of an examination, and any other act related to the holding or conducting of an examination, regardless whether the act is done before or after the examination. 186 185 (4) Subsection (1) shall not apply to (a) a body or syndicate established to manage and conduct examinations under paragraph 68(e); (b) the Malaysian Examinations Council established under the Malaysian Examinations Council Act 1980 [Act 225]; and (c) an educational institution which conducts its own examination, test or other forms of assessment for the purpose of assessing its own pupils. (5) A person who contravenes subsection (1) or fails to comply with any restriction, term or condition imposed under subsection (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding ten thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year or to both. PART VI HIGHER EDUCATION Minister to be responsible for higher education 70. The Minister may provide higher education in higher educational institutions in accordance with any written law relating to higher education and shall be responsible for the general direction thereof. Establishment of higher educational institutions, etc., is prohibited 71. No person shall (a) establish, form, promote or carry on any activity for the purpose of establishing or forming, or towards the establishment or formation of, a higher educational institution; (b) collect, give or receive any moneys, contributions, gifts or donations, or do any act or carry on any activity for the purpose of establishing or forming a higher educational institution; (c) operate, manage or maintain any class for the teaching and learning of higher education unless the class is being operated, managed or maintained by a higher educational institution; and (d) establish, operate, manage or maintain a higher educational institution by the use of the word university, except in accordance with any written law on higher education. Penalty 72. A person who contravenes section 71 shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years or to both. PART VII PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Saving relating to private educational institutions 73. (1) Nothing in this Act shall be construed as prohibiting the establishment and maintenance of a private educational institution. (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), every private educational institution shall comply with this Act and all regulations made under this Act and applicable to the educational institution. (3) This Part shall not apply to a private higher educational institution. Private educational institutions to comply with the requirement of National Curriculum and to prepare pupils for prescribed examinations 74. A private educational institution providing primary education or secondary education 187 186 or both shall comply with the requirements of the National Curriculum and shall prepare pupils for prescribed examinations. Subjects to be taught in private educational institutions providing post-secondary education 75. (1) The Minister may require a private educational institution providing post-secondary education to teach the following subjects: (a) the national language, where the medium of instruction is other than the national language; (b) Malaysian studies; (c) the English language, where the medium of instruction is other than the English language; (d) studies relating to Islamic education for pupils professing the Islamic religion; and (e) moral education for pupils not professing the Islamic religion, based on the prescribed curriculum. (2) The subjects mentioned in paragraphs (1)(a) to (1)(e) shall be taught in addition to any other subject or course of study taught in the private educational institutions. Power to make regulations for supervision and control of standard of education 76. The Minister may make regulations for the supervision, regulation or control of the standard of education in private educational institutions. Prohibition as to courses of study and training in respect of degrees, etc., conferred by universities, etc. 77. (1) No private educational institution shall conduct any course of study or training programme jointly, in association, affiliation or collaboration or otherwise, with a university or institution of higher education or other educational institution or organization within or outside Malaysia, except with the approval in writing of the Minister. (2) The Minister shall not give his approval under subsection (1) unless he is satisfied that the private educational institution has made suitable arrangements with the university or institution of higher education or other educational institution or organization as to the facilities for the provision of the course of study or training programme referred to in the subsection. (3) When granting approval under subsection (1) the Minister may impose such terms and conditions as he deems fit. (4) A person who contravenes subsection (1) or fails to comply with any term or condition imposed by the Minister under subsection (3) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding thirty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. Application of other provisions of the Act to private educational institutions 78. For the avoidance of doubt, it is declared that nothing in this Part shall affect or derogate from the application of other provisions in this Act to private educational institutions except in so far as the educational institutions have been expressly exempted. PART VIII REGISTRATION OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Chapter 1 Registration of Educational Institutions All educational institutions to be registered 79. (1) Subject to the other provisions of this Act, every educational institution shall be 188 187 registered under this Act. (2) An application for registration under this Act shall be made to the Registrar General in such manner as may be prescribed. (3) The Registrar General may impose such terms and conditions as he deems fit when registering an educational institution under subsection (1). Register 80. The Registrar General shall keep or cause to be kept a register of educational institutions in such form and manner as may be prescribed. Provisional certificates of registration 81. (1) Pending investigation on an application made under subsection 79(2), the Registrar General may, in his discretion, issue to the person who is to act as chairman of the board of governors or the person responsible for the management of an educational institution a provisional certificate of registration in such form and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed. (2) A provisional certificate of registration issued under subsection (1) may at the discretion of the Registrar General be revoked at any time by notice in writing served on the person to whom the certificate was issued. Registration 82. (1) Without prejudice to section 81 and subject to subsection (3) and section 83, the Registrar General shall, upon an application for the registration of an educational institution duly made and after such inquiry as he may think necessary, and upon payment of such fee as may be prescribed, register the educational institution and issue to the chairman of the board of governors or to the person responsible for the management of the educational institution a certificate of registration. (2) The chairman of the board of governors or any other person responsible for the management of an educational institution shall cause a copy of the certificate of registration issued under subsection (1) to be kept exhibited in a conspicuous part of the premises of the educational institution. (3) The Registrar General may impose such conditions precedent to registration as he deems fit. Change in respect of educational institution premises 83. (1) No educational institution shall change the address of its premises or make any alteration to the premises without the prior approval of the Registrar General. (2) An application for a change of address of the premises of an educational institution or alteration to the premises shall be made to the Registrar General in such form and manner as may be prescribed. Refusal to register an educational institution 84. The Registrar General may refuse to register an educational institution if he is satisfied (a) that the educational institution does not satisfy the prescribed standards of health and safety; (b) that the educational institution is used or likely to be used for a purpose detrimental to the interests of Malaysia, the public or the pupils; (c) that the name under which the educational institution is to be registered is, in his opinion, undesirable; (d) that existing educational facilities are already adequate in the area in which it is 189 188 proposed to open the educational institution; (e) that a statement which was false or misleading in a material particular has been made in or in connection with the application for registration; (f) that the person applying for the registration of the educational institution fails or refuses to comply with any of the conditions imposed by the Registrar General under subsection 82(3); or (g) that the person appointed to be the chairman of the board of governors or head teacher is not a fit and proper or responsible person to act as chairman or head teacher, as the case may be. Notice of refusal to register an educational institution 85. (1) When the Registrar General refuses to register an educational institution under the provisions of section 84, he shall inform the applicant by notice in writing of the refusal, specifying in the notice the grounds of the refusal. (2) An applicant aggrieved by the refusal of the Registrar General to register an educational institution may, within twenty-one days of the notice being served on him in accordance with subsection (1), appeal to the Minister and the decision of the Minister shall be final. Prohibition on advertisement, etc. 86. (1) No person shall promote an educational institution, whether by advertisement, prospectus, brochure or otherwise, unless the educational institution has been registered or a provisional certificate of registration has been issued under subsection 81(1). (2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding thirty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. Chapter 2 Cancellation of Registration Grounds for cancellation of registration of an educational institution 87. (1) The Registrar General may serve on the chairman of the board of governors or any person responsible for the management of an educational institution a notice of intention to cancel the registration of the educational institution if he is satisfied that it is expedient so to do on any of the following grounds: (a) the ground specified in paragraph 84(a); (b) that discipline in the educational institution is not being adequately maintained; (c) that the registration of the educational institution was obtained by reason of mistake or of any false or misleading statement; (d) that the chairman of the board of governors or any other person responsible for the management of the educational institution has made a false or misleading statement in a material particular in promoting the educational institution; (e) that there has been a breach of any term or condition imposed by the Registrar General under subsection 79(3); (f) that there is no chairman of the board of governors of the educational institution, or that the person appointed to be the chairman of the board of governors or to be head teacher is not a fit and proper or responsible person to act as chairman or head teacher, as the case may be. (2) The Registrar General may act under subsection (1) if he has reason to believe that a registered educational institution has ceased to exist. (3) A notice of intention to cancel the registration of an educational institution under 190 189 subsection (1) shall specify the grounds on which it is proposed to cancel the registration. (4) Where a notice under subsection (1) is served on a person referred to in that subsection, he may within twenty-one days of the notice being served upon him appeal to the Minister. (5) If no appeal is made under subsection (4), or if an appeal having been made is rejected, the Registrar General may cancel the registration of the educational institution forthwith; and within twenty-one days of the cancellation, the chairman of the board of governors or any person responsible for the management of the educational institution shall surrender to the Registrar General the certificate of registration of the educational institution and the instrument of government thereof, and the chairman and the governors and every employee of the educational institution shall surrender to the Registrar General their certificates of registration issued under this Act. Chapter 3 Registration of Governors and Employees All governors and employees to be registered 88. (1) Every person who acts as a governor or employee of an educational institution shall be registered as a governor or employee, as the case may be, in respect of the educational institution. (2) An application for registration as a governor or employee of an educational institution shall be in the prescribed form. Registration of governor and employee 89. (1) Subject to section 90, the Registrar General shall, upon an application duly made and after such enquiry as he may think necessary, register a person as a governor or an employee in respect of an educational institution and shall issue to him a certificate of registration in the prescribed form. (2) The Registrar General may in his discretion issue (a) to a person applying for registration under this Chapter (whether on the registration of an educational institution or subsequently); or (b) to a person needed to act temporarily as governor or employee, a permit, in such form as may be prescribed, to act in that capacity, and while the permit is in force the person to whom the permit is issued shall be deemed to be registered under this Act. (3) A permit issued under subsection (2) may be revoked by the Registrar General at any time and, in the case of a person applying for registration, shall cease to be in force upon the registration under this Act of the person to whom the permit is issued. Grounds of refusal to register a governor or employee 90. (1) The Registrar General may refuse to register a person as a governor or employee of an educational institution if (a) the person has been convicted of an offence by a court of law and sentenced to imprisonment for a term of not less than one year or to a fine of not less than two thousand ringgit; (b) the person has, otherwise than by reason only of an educational institution having ceased to exist, been struck off any register established under this Act or under the provisions of any previous corresponding written law; (c) the person has made a false or misleading statement in, or in connection with, his application for registration, or has intentionally suppressed any fact which is material to the application; or (d) the person is not a citizen of Malaysia. 191 190 (2) The Registrar General shall refuse to register a person who is under the age of eighteen years as a governor. Notice of refusal to register a governor or employee 91. When the Registrar General refuses under section 90 to register a person as a governor or an employee of an educational institution he shall inform the person by notice in writing of the refusal. Appeal against refusal to register a governor or employee 92. A person who is aggrieved by the refusal of the Registrar General to register him as a governor or employee of an educational institution may, within twenty-one days of being informed of the refusal in accordance with section 91, appeal to the Minister. Power of Registrar General to strike off the register a governor or employee 93. (1) The Registrar General may strike off the register a governor or employee (a) on the ground specified in paragraph 90(1)(a); (b) if it appears to the Registrar General that he is a person who ought not, in the interests of Malaysia, the public or any person, to remain as a governor or an employee; or (c) who has obtained his registration in consequence of a mistake or any false or misleading particular furnished in or in connection with his application for registration. (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), no person shall be struck off the register under paragraph (1)(a) by reason of any fact or matter occurring before the date of his registration and disclosed to the Registrar General before that date. Retirement of governors and employees 94. (1) Upon a governor or employee of an educational institution retiring or ceasing to act as such, the chairman of the board of governors of the educational institution or a person authorized by him in that behalf shall, within twenty-one days of the retirement or cessation, report such fact to the Registrar General in writing. (2) The Registrar General, upon receiving a report under subsection (1), shall forthwith strike the governor or employee, as the case may be, off the register. Persons struck off the register to be notified 95. When a person has been struck off the register under section 93 or 94 the Registrar General shall forthwith inform him by notice in writing that he has been so struck off and of the grounds thereof. Appeal against striking off the register 96. A person struck off the register under section 93 or 94 may, within twenty-one days of the notice being served upon him in accordance with section 95, appeal to the Minister. Surrender of certificate of registration 97. (1) A person who has been struck off the register shall, within twenty-one days of the service of the notice under section 95, surrender to the Registrar General the certificate of registration issued to him under this Act or any previous written law relating to the registration of a governor or an employee, as the case may be, of an educational institution. (2) If an appeal is made under section 96, the certificate referred to in subsection (1) need not be surrendered until the determination of the appeal in favour of the Registrar General. Chapter 4 Registration of Pupils Registration of pupils 192 The governors, head teachers or other persons responsible for the management of an educational institution shall keep or cause to be kept, in such manner as may be prescribed, a register containing the prescribed particulars with respect to all pupils at the educational institution. Chapter 5 Inspection of Educational Institutions by the Registrar General Inspections to be made from time to time 99. The Registrar General shall, from time to time, inspect or cause to be inspected an educational institution registered under this Act for the purpose of ascertaining that this Act and the regulations made under this Act have been and are being complied with. Powers of Registrar General on inspection of registered educational institutions 100. (1) In carrying out an inspection pursuant to section 99, the Registrar General may (a) enter any premises and examine such book, document, electronic media material or other article as he may consider necessary; and (b) remove and detain any book, document, electronic media material or other article which appears to him to be detrimental to the interests of the public or the pupils or which, in his opinion, may furnish evidence of the commission of an offence under this Act. (2) The Registrar General at any time whilst lawfully carrying out any inspection of an educational institution under this Act may require any person, being a governor, an employee, a teacher or a pupil of the educational institution, to produce for his inspection any book, document, electronic media material or other article relating to the management of, or to the teaching carried on in, the educational institution which is in the person s possession or under his control or within his power to furnish. Inspection of premises of unregistered educational institutions 101. Where the Registrar General or a public officer authorized by the Registrar General in that behalf in writing or a police officer not below the rank of Inspector has reasonable cause to believe that any house, building or other place is being used as an educational institution without being registered under this Act, the Registrar General or the public officer or the police officer, accompanied by such persons as he may deem necessary, may (a) enter and inspect the house, building or place; and (b) seize and detain any book, document, electronic media material or other article found therein which appears to him to furnish evidence of the commission of an offence against this Act or which appear to be the property of, or to have been used in connection with, an educational institution not registered under this Act. Power to close unregistered educational institution 102. (1) Where the Registrar General or a public officer authorized by the Registrar General in that behalf in writing or a police officer not below the rank of Inspector has reasonable cause to believe that any house, building or other place is being used as an educational institution without being registered under this Act or is being used in contravention of any of the conditions imposed by the Minister under subsection 47(2) or 77(3), the Registrar General or the public officer or the police officer, accompanied by such persons as he may deem necessary may, without prejudice to the exercise of the powers conferred on him under sections 99, 100 and 101, forthwith take such steps as he may deem necessary or by any means close the educational institution. 193 192 (2) Any action taken under subsection (1) in respect of any house, building or other place shall not prohibit the Registrar General from prosecuting any person using such house, building or place as an educational institution without being registered under this Act. PART IX REGISTRATION OF TEACHERS Chapter 1 Registration of Teachers Prohibition to teach 103. (1) Subject to subsection (2), no person shall teach in an educational institution unless he is registered as a teacher under this Act. (2) Subsection (1) shall not apply (a) to a person who is a member of the Education Service teaching in government or government-aided educational institution; (b) to a person to whom a permit to teach has been issued under section 114; and (c) to a pupil in an educational institution for the training of teachers established by and under the direct control of the Minister. Register of teachers 104. The Registrar General shall keep and maintain or cause to be kept and maintained in such form as may be prescribed a register of teachers in which shall be entered such particulars as may be prescribed. Application for registration as a teacher 105. An application for registration as a teacher shall be made to the Registrar General in such form and manner as may be prescribed. Power of Registrar General to refuse to register a person as a teacher 106. The Registrar General may refuse to register a person as a teacher under this Act if he is satisfied that the person (a) is under the age of eighteen years; (b) has no qualifications to teach or has qualifications which in the opinion of the Registrar General are inadequate for the purpose; (c) has made a statement which is false or misleading or which he knew is false or misleading in, or in connection with his application for registration or has intentionally suppressed any fact which is material to the application; (d) suffers from some physical or mental defect or disease rendering him, in the opinion of the Registrar General, unsuitable to be a teacher; (e) has been convicted of an offence by a court of law and sentenced to imprisonment for a term of not less than one year or to a fine of not less than two thousand ringgit; or (f) is not a fit and proper person to be registered as a teacher. Notice of refusal to register a person as a teacher 107. When the Registrar General refuses to register a person under section 106 he shall by notice in writing inform the person of the refusal, specifying the grounds of the refusal. Appeal against refusal to register a person as a teacher 108. A person aggrieved by the refusal of the Registrar General to register him as a teacher may, within twenty-one days of the notice being served upon him in accordance with section 107, appeal to the Minister. Registration of teachers 194 (1) Subject to sections 106 and 108, the Registrar General shall, upon application for registration under this Chapter duly made and after such inquiry as he may deem necessary, and upon payment of such fee as may be prescribed, register the applicant and issue to him a certificate of registration as a teacher in the prescribed manner. (2) The Registrar General may impose such terms and conditions as he deems fit when registering an applicant under subsection (1) and he may at any time revoke, alter or add to the terms and conditions. Revocation of registration after notice 110. (1) If the Registrar General is satisfied (a) that it is expedient so to do on any of the grounds set out in paragraphs 106(c) to (e); (b) that a registered teacher has committed a breach of or has failed to comply with any condition imposed under subsection 109(2); (c) that the registration of a teacher was obtained by reason of mistake or of any false or misleading statement in connection with an application for registration; or (d) that there are reasonable grounds to believe that the continued registration Of the person as a teacher will be prejudicial to the intere3ts of an educational instipution or the pupils, he may serve on the teacher a notice of intent)on to revoke his registration. (2) A teacher upon whom a notice pursuant to subsection (1) is served may, within twenty-one days of the notice being served upon him, appeal to the Minister. (3) If no appeal is made within the period specified in subsection (2) or if an appeal having been made is rejected, the Registrar General shall forthwith revoke the registration and serve on the teacher a notice informing him that the registration has been revoked. (4) No revocation of registration shall be made under this section on any of the grounds set out in paragraphs 106(d) and (e) by reason of any fact or matter occurring before the date of registration of a teacher and disclosed to the Registrar General before that date. Appeals 111. (1) Where upon an appeal under this Chapter it is ordered by the Minister that a teacher shall be registered, or shall continue to be registered, subject to specified conditions, the Registrar General shall impose those conditions. (2) The conditions imposed under subsection (1) shall be deemed to be conditions imposed under subsection 109(2). Striking off the register 112. Where the registration of a teacher has been revoked under section 110 and a notice has been served under subsection 110(3), the Registrar General shall forthwith strike the teacher off the register, and the teacher shall, within twenty-one days of the notice being served upon him, surrender to the Registrar General his certificate of registration. Transitional provisions as to registration of teachers 113. A person who on the appointed date was registered or deemed to be registered as a teacher under the Education Act 1961 [Act 43 of 1961] shall be deemed to have been so registered under this Act and shall be subject to this Act. Chapter 2 Permits to Teach Issue of permits to teach 114. (1) The Registrar General may issue a permit to teach to the following persons, not being registered teachers: 195 194 (a) a student teacher, other than those specified in paragraph 103(2)(c), undergoing training as a teacher in accordance with a scheme approved by the Minister; (b) a person who has applied for registration as a teacher and whose application is pending; or (c) a person who is needed to act temporarily as a teacher. (2) A permit to teach shall be in such form and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed. (3) The Registrar General may, at any time and at his discretion, revoke a permit to teach by giving notice in writing to the holder of the permit. Chapter 3 Miscellaneous Surrender of certificates of registration as a teacher 115. A certificate of registration as a teacher issued under this Act or any former written law relating to registration of teachers or any document evidencing registration or exemption from registration as a teacher or that a teacher is deemed to be registered under such law, or a permit to teach issued under section 114 shall (a) on the revocation of the certificate, document or permit; (b) on the person to whom the certificate, document or permit was issued ceasing to teach in an educational institution in Malaysia for a continuous period exceeding two years, or on the death of the person; (c) on written demand by the Registrar General for the purpose of alteration, amendment, endorsement or replacement; or (d) in the case of a permit, on the expiration of its period of validity, be surrendered within twenty-one days by the person to whom it was issued or the person in whose possession it is to the Registrar General. Duty of teacher to notify change of educational institution 116. Every registered teacher shall within fourteen days of commencing or ceasing to teach in an educational institution report in writing to the Registrar General the name of the educational institution in which he is teaching or has ceased to each and the date on which he commenced teaching or ceased to teach in the educational institution. PART X THE INSPECTORATE OF SCHOOLS Chapter 1 The Inspectorate Duties of Chief Inspector 117. The Chief Inspector shall (a) be responsible, in collaboration with such authorities as the Minister may appoint, for ensuring that an adequate standard of teaching is developed and maintained in educational institutions; (b) inspect educational institutions or cause educational institutions to be inspected by an Inspector of Schools at such intervals as he shall deem appropriate; (c) when directed so to do by the Minister, inspect an educational institution or cause the educational institution to be inspected; and (d) undertake such other duties in relation to the inspection of educational institutions as the Minister may direct or as may be prescribed. Advisory powers of Inspectors of Schools 118. The Chief Inspector or an Inspector of Schools may give advice to the governors or any other person responsible for the management of an educational institution and to 196 195 teachers on matters relating to teaching and teaching methods. Restriction on orders of Inspectors of Schools 119. The Chief Inspector or an Inspector of Schools shall not, except to such extent as he may be authorized by any regulations made under this Act, issue any order or direction to the governors or any other person responsible for the management of an educational institution. Reports by Inspectors of Schools 120. (1) The Chief Inspector shall submit to the Minister a report on every educational institution inspected pursuant to section 117, and where the report is made by an Inspector of Schools, he shall endorse thereon such comments as he shall deem appropriate. (2) A report on an educational institution submitted under subsection (1) shall be a confidential document but may, in the discretion of the Minister, be made available to those responsible for the administration of the educational institution and any teacher therein and the report so made available shall be made available in its entirety. Chapter 2 General General powers of Inspectors of Schools 121. For the purpose of making any inspection of an educational institution under section 117 the Chief Inspector or an Inspector of Schools (in this section referred to as an Inspector ) may (a) at any time enter an educational institution; and (b) require the chairman of the board of governors or a governor or any other person responsible for the management of the educational institution or a teacher or employee or person found in the educational institution (i) to produce for his inspection any time-table, syllabus or record pertaining to subjects taught or to be taught or any book, material, document or article relating to or which in the opinion of the Inspector may relate to the teaching carried on in the educational institution or the management of the educational institution; and (ii) to furnish the Inspector with such information relating to the teaching in, or the organization of, the educational institution as the Inspector may demand, and which it is within the power of the chairman, governor or such other person responsible for the management of the educational institution, teacher, employee or person to furnish. Chief Inspector may authorize Education Officers to act on his behalf 122. The Chief Inspector may authorize in writing an Education Officer appointed under section 4 to act on his behalf in exercising his powers or carrying out his duties under this Act. PART XI FINANCE Saving relating to Minister 123. Except in so far as moneys are approved or provided for that purpose by Parliament or otherwise, nothing in this Act shall be deemed to impose any duty upon the Minister to establish and maintain an educational institution under this Act or to maintain wholly or partially an educational institution. Grant-in-aid and capital grant to be subject to conditions, etc., as may be prescribed 124. Any grant-in-aid or capital grant payable under this Act to an educational institution other than a government educational institution from funds provided by Parliament for 197 196 that purpose shall be paid subject to such conditions and limitations as may be prescribed. Power of Minister to suspend or cancel payment of any grant 125. The Minister may suspend or cancel or cause to be suspended or cancelled the payment of any grant to an educational institution if the governors or any other person responsible for the management of the educational institution has failed to comply with any of the provisions of this Act or any regulations made under this Act. PART XII APPEALS Minister to decide on appeals after investigation 126. (1) On an appeal being made to the Minister from a decision of the Registrar General, the Minister, unless he allows the appeal forthwith, shall constitute a Committee of Enquiry consisting of such persons as he shall consider suitable to investigate the facts and report to him thereon. (2) After considering the report submitted under subsection (1), the Minister shall decide the matter of the appeal and make such order thereon as he deems fit and proper. (3) The decision of the Minister on an appeal shall be final. Powers of Committee of Enquiry 127. Subject to section 129 and any regulations made under this Act, a Committee of Enquiry shall have power (a) to procure and receive all such evidence, written or oral, and to examine all such persons (including the appellant) as the Committee of Enquiry may consider desirable; (b) to require the evidence of a person to be given on oath or affirmation or by statutory declaration; (c) to summon any person including the appellant to attend and give evidence notwithstanding the provisions of any other written law; (d) to admit any evidence, written or oral, notwithstanding that it would be inadmissible in civil or criminal proceedings; and (e) to exclude the public from any investigation or any part thereof and, if the Committee of Enquiry considers it in the public interest so to do, receive evidence in the absence of the appellant; but where evidence is received in the absence of the appellant the Committee of Enquiry shall communicate to the appellant the substance of the evidence so far as it may be compatible with public interest so to do and shall in every such case include in the report to the Minister a statement of the circumstances in which the evidence was received. No appearance by advocate and solicitor before the Committee of Enquiry 128. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any written law, no advocate or solicitor shall be allowed to appear in any proceedings before the Committee of Enquiry. Evidence before the Committee of Enquiry 129. (1) No person required to give evidence before a Committee of Enquiry shall be obliged to disclose the name or address of any person who has given information in confidence to a public officer in relation to any facts which are the subject of investigation nor shall the person be obliged to state any matter which in his opinion might lead to the discovery of the person who has given the information. (2) No person required under section 127 to give evidence shall be obliged to give any evidence which would have the tendency to incriminate him. Part XIII 198 197 REGULATIONS Power of Minister to make regulations 130. (1) Without prejudice to his power to make regulations under any other provision of this Act, the Minister may make regulations for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this Act. (2) Without prejudice to the generality of the power conferred in subsection (1), the Minister may make regulations for or in respect of all or any of the following matters: (a) the admission of pupils to educational institutions, the keeping of registers of pupils in the educational institutions, the age limits and conditions under which pupils may be retained in an educational institution or in any class in the educational institution; (b) the duration of terms of educational institutions, the days on which and the hours during which pupils shall attend the educational institutions and the days which shall be observed as holidays by all educational institutions or any specified educational institution or class of educational institutions; (c) the establishment and management of educational institutions, and the duties of governors or other persons responsible for the management of the educational institutions; (d) the form in which any register for the registration of educational institutions or governors or employees shall be kept or maintained and the procedure for the issue of extracts therefrom; (e) the procedure to be followed and fees deemed proper to be levied in respect of an application for registration under this Act or in respect of any certificate, permit or any other document issued under this Act; (f) the procedure to be followed for the alteration or amendment of certificates of registration or permits issued under this Act and the replacement of the certificates or permits which are lost or defaced; (g) discipline in educational institutions and any activity of pupils, whether in an educational institution or not, which in the opinion of the Minister may have an effect on the discipline of an educational institution; (h) the National Curriculum including subjects and matters, not being studies relating to the religion of Malaysia, on which instruction may or shall be given in educational institutions and the times to be devoted to the study of each subject taught in educational institutions; (i) the establishment, organization, management, control and dissolution of associations of pupils or pupils and teachers, or teachers and parents whether within an educational institution or not, and regulations made under this paragraph may provide for the association of teachers and parents to include any person other than the teacher or parents of the pupils of the educational institution concerned; (j) the books, materials and apparatus to be used in educational institutions, and the methods of purchase of the books, materials and apparatus; (k) the prohibition of the use in an educational institution or any specified class of educational institutions of any book or material, the use of which appears undesirable; (l) the prohibition of the use or delivery to any pupil by a distance education centre or the supply, import or sale for use or delivery by a distance education centre of any material, book, lesson, instruction or other matter printed or written or otherwise the use of which by the distance education centre appears undesirable; 199 198 (m) the keeping of books of account and the audit of accounts in educational institutions in receipt of grants; (n) the standards, including standards of health and safety, and uses to which the premises of educational institutions shall conform, and prescribing different standards and uses for such descriptions of educational institutions as may be specified in the regulations; (o) the registration of pupils in educational institutions, the inspection of the registers of such pupils, the taking of extracts from the registers for the purposes of this Act by persons duly authorized in that behalf under the regulations, and the provision to such authority as may be prescribed by regulations, of returns as to the contents of the registers as may be expedient, by the persons who are required to keep such registers under the regulations; (p) the form in which the register of teachers kept under section 104 shall be kept or maintained, and the procedure for the issue of certified copies of entries made therein; (q) the procedure to be followed for endorsement, alteration or amendment of certificates of registration as a teacher issued under section 109 and the replacement of lost or defaced certificates or permits to teach; (r) the procedure to be followed and the consequences which shall ensue on the revocation of a certificate of registration as a teacher issued under section 109 or of a permit to teach; (s) any fees deemed proper to be levied on application for registration as a teacher under, or on the issue of a certificate or of a permit to teach or otherwise in regard to any matter mentioned in, Part IX; (t) the practice and procedure to be followed in connection with an investigation made by a Committee of Enquiry constituted under subsection 126(1); (u) the manner in which appeals shall be made to the Minister from decisions of the Registrar General and the fees to be paid in respect of an appeal; (v) the establishment, organization, management, control and dissolution of any sports council, body or committee at the educational institution, and of educational institutions at the district, state or national level; (w) the provision of extension education in educational institutions established and maintained by the Minister under this Act; (x) the circulation by a pupil or pupils, whether within an educational institution or not, of any magazine, pamphlet or printed or written matter of a like nature; (y) the manner of determining the amount of grant-in-aid payable to government-aided educational institutions; (z) the conditions and limitations upon or subject to which grants-in-aid or capital grants shall be paid to government aided educational institutions; (aa) the determination of approved fees to be charged in respect of attendance at educational institutions generally, or any class of government-aided educational institutions and the payment or remission of the fees; (ab) the manner of transferring or vesting of any property transferred or vested under this Act and the manner of registering a title to the property; (ac) any fees deemed proper to be levied in respect of any matter provided for under this Act; (ad) the forms which may be used for carrying out the provisions of this Act and which may be used in connection with any matter stated or required in this Act to be prescribed 200 199 by the Minister; and (ae) any other matter which the Minister deems expedient or necessary for giving effect to any of the provisions of this Act. Regulations may prescribe penalties for contravention thereof 131. Regulations made under this Act may provide that the contravention of any provision in the regulations shall be an offence and that the offence is punishable on conviction with a fine or a term of imprisonment or both but may not provide for the fine to exceed ten thousand ringgit or the term of imprisonment to exceed six months. PART XIV OFFENCES AND PENALTIES Offences and penalties relating to registration of educational institutions 132. (1) A person who, being a chairman of a board of governors or governor or any other person responsible for the management of an educational institution, makes a false or misleading statement in promoting the educational institution shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years or to both. (2) A person who (a) on making an application under this Act for the registration of an educational institution or for registration as a governor or employee, or otherwise for the purpose of inducing the Registrar General to exercise or refrain from exercising his powers under this Act, makes any statement which he knows to be false or does not believe to be true or intentionally suppresses any material fact, or furnishes any information which is misleading; (b) obstructs or impedes the Registrar General, a public officer or a police officer in the exercise of the powers conferred upon the officer under section 100, 101 or 102; (c) refuses to produce any book, document or article, or refuses to furnish information in contravention of subsection 100(2) or furnishes any information which he knows is false or does not believe to be true; (d) being the chairman of a board of governors of an educational institution contravenes subsection 94(1); (e) being a person required to be registered as a governor or employee under section 88 acts as a governor or employee without being so registered; (f) being a governor or person responsible for the management of an educational institution causes or permits any person to act as governor or a person responsible for the management, or as an employee, of the educational institution without being registered under this Act; (g) acts as a governor or employee in an educational institution not registered under this Act; or (h) being the chairman of a board of governors or a governor or a person responsible for the management of an educational institution has failed to prevent the educational institution from being used for any activity or purpose of an unlawful nature, or for any activity or purpose of an unlawful organization, society or other body of persons, shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding thirty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. (2) A person who 201 200 (a) on making an application under this Act for the registration of an educational institution or for registration as a governor or employee, or otherwise for the purpose of inducing the Registrar General to exercise or refrain from exercising his powers under this Act, makes any statement which he knows to be false or does not believe to be true or intentionally suppresses any material fact, or furnishes any information which is misleading; (b) obstructs or impedes the Registrar General, a public officer or a police officer in the exercise of the powers conferred upon the officer under section 100, 101 or 102; (c) refuses to produce any book, document or article, or refuses to furnish information in contravention of subsection 100(2) or furnishes any information which he knows is false or does not believe to be true; (d) being the chairman of a board of governors of an educational institution contravenes subsection 94(1); (e) being a person required to be registered as a governor or employee under section 88 acts as a governor or employee without being so registered; (f) being a governor or person responsible for the management of an educational institution causes or permits any person to act as governor or a person responsible for the management, or as an employee, of the educational institution without being registered under this Act; (g) acts as a governor or employee in an educational institution not registered under this Act; or (h) being the chairman of a board of governors or a governor or a person responsible for the management of an educational institution has failed to prevent the educational institution from being used for any activity or purpose of an unlawful nature, or for any activity or purpose of an unlawful organization, society or other body of persons, shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding thirty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. (3) A person who (a) being the chairman of a board of governors or being the person responsible for the management of an educational institution fails to cause a copy of the certificate of registration of the educational institution to be exhibited in accordance with subsection 82(2); (b) fails to surrender to the Registrar General any certificate of registration or instrument of government under subsection 87(5) or 97(1); (c) being the chairman of the board of governors of an educational institution contravenes subsection 94(1); or (d) being the owner or occupier of any premises and having reasonable cause to believe that the premises or part thereof is being used as an educational institution which is required to be registered under this Act but is not so registered, fails to take all reasonable steps to prevent such use, shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding five thousand ringgit. Offences and penalties relating to registration of teachers 133. (1) A person who, in making an application for registration as a teacher or otherwise for the purpose of inducing the Registrar General to exercise or refrain from exercising 202 201 his power under this Act, makes any statement which he knows to be false or does not believe to be true or intentionally suppresses any material fact or furnishes any information which is misleading, shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding ten thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year or to both. (2) A person who (a) acts as a teacher in an educational institution in contravention of subsection 103(1); (b) causes, permits or employs a person to act as a teacher in contravention of subsection 103(1); (c) acts as a teacher in an unregistered educational institution; (d) being a registered teacher teaches in an educational institution in contravention of any condition imposed under subsection 109(2) or being the holder of a permit to teach issued under section 114 teaches in an educational institution in contravention of any condition imposed by the permit; (e) causes, permits or employs a registered teacher to teach in an educational institution in contravention of any condition relating to the teacher imposed under section 109 or causes, permits or employs the holder of a permit to teach issued under section 114 to teach otherwise than in accordance with the conditions imposed by the permit; (f) fails to surrender a certificate, document or permit in accordance with section 115; or (g) being a registered teacher fails to make a report to the Registrar General in accordance with section 116, shall, on conviction of an offence under paragraph (b) or (e), be liable to a fine not exceeding ten thousand ringgit and shall, on conviction of an offence under paragraph (a), (c), (d), (f) or (g), be liable to a fine not exceeding five thousand ringgit. Offences and penalties relating to Inspectors 134. A person who (a) obstructs or impedes the Chief Inspector or an Inspector of Schools in the exercise of any powers conferred on him by section 121; (b) refuses to produce any time-table, syllabus, record, book, material, document or article, or to furnish information, in contravention of subparagraph 121(b)(ii); or (c) furnishes any information which is false in any material particular or which he knows to be false or does not believe to be true, shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding thirty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment not exceeding two years or to both. General penalty 135. (1) A person who is guilty of an offence under this Act for which no penalty is expressly provided shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding five thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. (2) A person who is guilty of an offence under this Act shall, in the case of a continuing offence, on conviction be liable, in addition to any other penalty to which he is liable under this Act in respect of the offence, to a daily fine not exceeding five hundred ringgit for each day the offence continues to be committed. Power to investigate 136. (1) The Registrar General or a public officer authorized by the Registrar General in that behalf in writing or a police officer not below the rank of Inspector shall have the 203 202 power to investigate the commission of an offence under this Act or any regulations made under this Act. (2) The Registrar General or a public officer authorized by the Registrar General in that behalf in writing or a police officer not below the rank of Inspector may, in relation to any investigation in respect of an offence under this Act or any regulations made under this Act, exercise the special powers in relation to police investigation except that the power to arrest without warrant given by the Criminal Procedure Code [Act 593] in any seizable offence shall not be exercised by the Registrar General or the public officer authorized by the Registrar General in that behalf in writing. Power to enter without warrant 137. Without prejudice to section 136, if the Registrar General or a public officer authorized by the Registrar General in that behalf in writing or a police officer not below the rank of Inspector has reasonable grounds for believing that the object of any search to be conducted on any premises for the purposes of this Act is likely to be frustrated by reason of any delay in obtaining a search warrant under the Criminal Procedure Code, he may, without the warrant, enter the premises for such purposes by the use of only such force as may be necessary to effect entry The Registrar General or a public officer authorized by the Registrar General in that behalf in writing or a police officer not below the rank of an Inspector may, with the written consent of the Public Prosecutor, institute and conduct prosecution in respect of an offence under this Act or any regulations made under this Act. Power to compound offences 139. (1) The Registrar General may, in a case where he deems it fit and proper so to do, and with the written consent of the Public Prosecutor, compound any offence committed by a person which is punishable under this Act, except an offence under section 72 and subsection 132(1), or any regulations made under this Act by making a written offer to the person to compound the offence on payment to the Registrar General, within such time as may be specified in the offer, of such sum of money, as may be so specified, which shall not exceed fifty per centum of the amount of the maximum fine to which the person would have been liable if he had been convicted of the offence. (2) An offer under subsection (1) may be made at any time after the offence has been committed, but before any prosecution for it has been instituted, and where the amount specified in the offer is not paid within the time specified in the offer, or within such extended period as the Registrar General may grant, prosecution for the offence may be instituted at any time thereafter against the person to whom the offer was made. (3) Where an offence has been compounded under subsection (1) (a) no prosecution shall thereafter be instituted in respect of the offence against the person to whom the offer to compound was made; and (b) any goods, thing or other article seized in connection with the offence shall be released immediately. 204 203 (4) Any moneys paid to the Registrar General pursuant to subsection (1) shall be paid into and form part of the Federal Consolidated Fund. PART XV MISCELLANEOUS Officers deemed to be public servants 140. Every person appointed, or lawfully exercising the powers of a person appointed, under Part II, shall be deemed to be a public servant for the purpose of the Penal Code [Act 574]. Requirements as to premises 141. (1) A governor or person responsible for the management of an educational institution shall ensure that the premises of the educational institution conform to such standards as may be prescribed for educational institutions of the description to which the educational institution belongs. (2) If the Minister is satisfied with respect to an educational institution that having regard to the nature of the site or to any existing buildings thereof or to other special circumstances affecting the premises it would be unreasonable in that case to require conformity with the prescribed standards referred to in subsection (1) in any particular respect, he may direct that the premises shall be deemed to conform to the prescribed standards if in lieu of conforming to the prescribed standards the premises conform to such other requirements as may be specified in the direction. Enrolment of pupils in government or government-aided educational institutions 142. Except with the permission of the Registrar, a pupil who is enrolled as a pupil in a government or government-aided educational institution shall not, whilst so enrolled, be enrolled in any other such educational institution. Power to exempt educational institutions 143. The Minister may, if he considers it desirable and in the interests of an educational institution or in the interests of the pupils or the public, by order published in the Gazette, exempt the educational institution or any class or classes of educational institutions from all or any of the provisions of this Act, except the provisions as to registration, either absolutely or subject to such conditions as he may think fit to impose, and may at any time in his discretion revoke the exemption or cancel or alter or add to such conditions. Special Committee 144. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Act, the Minister may constitute a special committee consisting of such persons as the Minister may appoint in respect of (a) any particular educational institution or class of educational institutions; or (b) any educational matter or project, for the purpose of advising him in matters relating thereto, and may in his discretion confer on the committee all or any of the powers conferred on a Committee of Enquiry by section 127. Service of notices, etc (1) Any notice, order or communication, which is required to be, or which may be, sent to or served on (a) a chairman of a board of governors, governor or other person responsible for the management, or an employee, of an educational institution registered under this Act, may be served by letter addressed to the chairman, governor, person or employee at the registered address of the educational institution or may be served by affixing the notice, 205 204 order or communication on a conspicuous part of the premises of the educational institution as the Registrar General may deem fit; (b) a person applying for the registration of an educational institution or for registration as a teacher, a governor or an employee may be served by letter addressed to the person at the address stated in his application form; (c) a registered teacher may be served by letter addressed to the educational institution or address last reported to the Registrar General under section 116; (d) the holder of a permit to teach issued under section 114 may be served by letter addressed to the educational institution in respect of which the permit was issued; and (e) any person other than persons specified in paragraphs (a) to (d) may be served by letter addressed to the person at his last-known place of residence. (2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1)(a), if the chairman of the board of governors of an educational institution has not been appointed, a notice, order or communication for service on the chairman may be addressed to or served upon the person who, in the opinion of the Registrar General, is in charge of the educational institution. PART XVI TRANSITIONAL AND REPEAL Change of title of certain educational institutions 146. On the appointed date all educational institutions which, immediately before the date were (a) national primary schools shall be known as national schools; and (b) national-type primary schools shall be known as national type schools. Secondary vocational schools to be part of national secondary schools until annulled 147. Secondary vocational schools established before the appointed date shall continue to be part of the national secondary schools under paragraph 30(1)(b) until such schools are annulled by the Minister by order published in the Gazette. Assistance to existing educational institutions 148. Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Minister shall continue to assist all educational institutions which were in receipt of grant-in-aid or other similar financial assistance from the Government or from public funds on the day immediately preceding the appointed date. Saving in respect of contribution towards religious teaching 149. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the Federal Government may continue to make payments in respect of the cost referred to in section 37 of the Education Act 1961 in relation to religious instruction given under section 36 of the Act as if the sections had not been repealed by this Act. Saving in respect of certain exempted educational institutions, etc Until such date as the Minister may, by notification in the Gazette, appoint (a) all educational institutions exempted from the provisions of the Education Act 1961 by section 127 of the Act shall be exempted from the corresponding provisions of this Act; and (b) a teacher exempted from the provisions of Part VI of the Education Act 1961 by section 128 of the Act shall be exempted from the provisions of Part IX of this Act. Saving in respect of registered educational institution, governor, manager or employee 206 Any educational institution, governor, manager or employee registered or deemed to be registered under the provisions of the Education Act 1961 shall, on the appointed date, be deemed to have been registered under this Act and (a) subject to paragraph (b), the provisions of this Act shall apply to the educational institution, governor, manager or employee as if the educational institution, governor, manager or employee was registered under this Act; and (b) the conditions imposed on the educational institution, governor, manager or employee prior to the coming into force of this Act shall continue to remain in force as if the conditions were imposed under this Act. Winding up of Central Board 152. (1) The Minister may, on a date to be determined by him, by notice published in the Gazette, order the winding up of the Central Board established under section (2). Upon its winding up (a) the members, including the Chairman of the Board, shall cease to hold office; (b) the Board shall cease to be the employer of a teacher in an educational institution; (c) any interests in any movable or immovable property and any rights and liabilities which hitherto were vested in or might be had by the Board immediately prior to the date of the winding up of the Board shall devolve on the Government; and (d) the Minister may give such directions as he deems proper in respect of any staff or employee of the Board. Maintenance of contributory fund 153. (1) Any contributory fund (including the Teacher s Provident Fund) established under the Education Act 1961 or any regulations made under the Act shall continue to be maintained and managed in accordance with any written law relating to the fund until the Yang di-pertuan Agong makes an order for its winding up or otherwise. (2) A winding up order under this section shall be made only on the advice of the Minister of Finance. (3) The Minister may by regulations amend any rule or regulation relating to the fund made prior to the appointed date to provide for the better administration of the fund or to remove any difficulty relating to the fund. References to governor or board of governors to include manager and board of managers 154. References in this Act to a governor shall include references to a manager registered under the Education Act 1961 and references to the board of governors shall include references to the board of managers under the Act. Repeal 155. (1) The Education Act 1961, the Education (Amendment) Act 1963 [Act 32 of 1963], the Education Act (Extension to Sarawak) Order 1975 [P.U. (A) 425/1975] and the Education Act (Extension to Sabah) Order 1976 [P.U. (A) 176/1976] are repealed. (2) All appointments, regulations, rules, by-laws, exemptions, directions and orders made, all registers kept and all certificates granted or having effect under the laws or orders repealed by this section and in force or having effect at the commencement of this Act, shall (without prejudice to the power of the Minister to amend the regulations, rules and by-laws, by any regulations or to amend, revoke or withdraw the exemptions, directions or certificates by order or direction made under the appropriate provisions of this Act and subject to such modifications as may be necessary to bring the regulations, rules, by-laws, exemptions, directions, or orders in conformity with this Act) continue to be in force and 207 206 have effect as if they had been made, kept, or granted under this Act, until otherwise provided for under this Act. Power of Minister of Finance 156. Nothing in this Act shall be deemed to affect the exercise by the Minister of Finance of the powers conferred upon him by section 6 of the Financial Procedure Act 1957 [Act 61] in respect of the management of the Consolidated Fund and the supervision, control and direction of matter relating to the financial affairs of Malaysia. SCHEDULE [Subsection 18(2)] CORE SUBJECTS IN THE NATIONAL CURRICULUM Core subjects in the National Curriculum 1. The core subjects in the National Curriculum shall form the fundamental basis of the education of a pupil in all schools within the National Education System. Core subjects at the primary level 2. The core subjects at the primary school level shall be (a) the National Language; (b) the English Language; (c) the Chinese Language, for pupils in national-type schools (Chinese); (d) the Tamil Language, for pupils in national-type schools (Tamil); (e) Mathematics; (f) Science; (g) Local Studies; (h) Islamic Education, for pupils professing the religion of Islam; and (i) Moral Education, for pupils not professing the religion of Islam. Core subjects at the secondary level 3. The core subjects at the secondary school level shall be (a) the National Language; (b) the English Language; (c) Mathematics; (d) Science; (e) History; (f) Islamic Education, for pupils professing the religion of Islam; and (g) Moral Education, for pupils not professing the religion of Islam. LIST OF AMENDMENTS Amending law Short title In force from Act A1152 Education (Amendment) Act 2002 LAWS OF MALAYSIA Act 550 EDUCATION ACT 1996 LIST OF SECTIONS AMENDED Section Amending authority In force from 2 Act A Act A Act A Act A Act A A Act A 208 207 LAWS OF MALAYSIA - NATIONAL COUNCIL ON HIGHER EDUCATION ACT 1996 (ACT 546) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART I PRELIMINARY Section 1. Short title 2. Interpretation PART II NATIONAL COUNCIL ON HIGHER EDUCATION 3. Establishment of the Council 4. Members of the Council 5. Temporary exercise of function of Chairman 6. Duration of appointment 7. Disqualification from being a member 8. Cessation from being a member 9. Vacancy 10. Member may resign by notice 11. Termination of appointment 12. Functions of the Council PART III GENERAL 13. Committees 14. Council to determine its own procedure 15. Meetings 16. Declaration of beneficial interest 17. Minutes 18. Allowance 19. Grants-in-aid 20. Secretariat An Act to establish the National Council on Higher Education and to provide for its functions relating to higher education and for matters connected therewith. [1 September 1996, P.U. (B) 377/1996] BE IT ENACTED by the Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-pertuan Agong with the advice and consent of the Dewan Negara and Dewan Rakyat in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows: PART I PRELIMINARY Short title and commencement 1. This Act may be cited as the National Council on Higher Education Act Interpretation 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires Chairman means the Chairman of the National Council on Higher Education; chief executive means a chief executive of a private higher educational institution registered under the Private Higher Educational Institutions Act 1996 [Act 555]; Council means the National Council on Higher Education established under section 3; higher education means education provided by a higher educational institution; higher educational institution means an educational institution whether or not established under any written law and including a private educational institution 209 208 providing higher education leading to the award of a certificate, diploma, degree or the equivalent thereof; member means a member of the National Council on Higher Education; Minister means the Minister responsible for Education; student means a person receiving education, instruction or training of any description from or in a higher educational institution; University or University College means (a) a University or University College established under the Universities and University Colleges Act 1971 [Act 30]; or (b) a private higher educational institution with the status of a University or University College, a branch campus thereof and a branch campus of a foreign University or University College, established under the Private Higher Educational Institutions Act 1996; Vice-Chancellor (a) in relation to a University means the Vice-Chancellor, President, Rector or Director of the University and includes any other person, by whatever name called, who has been appointed as the chief executive officer of the University; and (b) in relation to a University College shall be read as a reference to the appropriate authority of the University College. PART II NATIONAL COUNCIL ON HIGHER EDUCATION Establishment of the Council 3. There shall be established a Council to be known as the National Council on Higher Ed Members of the Council 4. The Council shall consist of the following members: (a) the Minister as Chairman; (b) the Secretary General of the Ministry of Education or his representative; (c) the Director General of Education or his representative; (d) the Secretary General of the Ministry of Finance or his representative; (e) the Director General of the Economic Planning Unit of the Prime Minister s Department or his representative; (f) the Attorney General or his representative; (g) three Vice-Chancellors of any of the Universities and University Colleges established under the Universities and University Colleges Act 1971; (h) not more than two persons who are the chief executive officers of any private higher educational institution; and (i) not more than three persons who, because of their knowledge and experience, would in the opinion of the Minister be of assistance to the Council. Temporary exercise of function of Chairman 5. The Secretary General of the Ministry of Education shall chair the meeting of the Council in the absence of the Chairman or whenever the Chairman is for any reason unable to attend a meeting of the Council. Duration of appointment 6. The appointment of a member of the Council under paragraphs 4(g), (h) and (i) shall be made by the Minister and, subject to sections 7 and 11, shall be for a period not exceeding three years and every member so appointed shall, on ceasing to be a member, be eligible for reappointment. 210 209 Disqualification from being a member 7. The following persons shall be disqualified from being appointed or being a member of the Council: (a) a person who has been convicted of an offence involving fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude; (b) a bankrupt; and (c) a person of unsound mind or is otherwise incapable of discharging his duties. Cessation from being a member 8. A member of the Council appointed under paragraphs 4(g), (h) and (i) shall cease to be a member (a) if he fails to attend three consecutive meetings of the Council without leave of the Chairman of the Council; or (b) if his appointment is revoked. Vacancy 9. If a vacancy occurs among the members of the Council appointed under paragraph 4(g), (h) or (i), the vacancy shall be filled by a person appointed by the Minister. Member may resign by notice 10. A member appointed by the Minister under paragraph 4(i) may resign as a member of the Council at any time by giving one month s notice in writing to the Minister. Termination of appointment 11. The Minister may terminate the appointment of any member of the Council appointed under paragraph 4(g), (h) or (i) at anytime without assigning any reason therefor. Functions of Council 12. (1) The functions of the Council shall be (a) to plan, formulate and determine national policies and strategies for the development of higher education; (b) to co-ordinate the development of higher education; (c) to promote and facilitate the orderly growth of institutions of higher education; (d) to determine policies and set criteria for the allocation of funds to higher educational institutions; (e) to determine policies relating to the entry of students to higher educational institutions; (f) to determine policies and set guidelines on matters pertaining to the salary structure and personnel management system of Universities and University Colleges established under the Universities and University Colleges Act 1971; (g) to determine policies and set guidelines on fee structure; (h) to determine policies and set guidelines on the areas or courses of study to be undertaken by higher educational institutions; (i) to determine policies and set guidelines on the conduct of any course of study or training programme by higher educational institutions jointly or in association, affiliation, collaboration or otherwise, with any University or institution of higher education or other educational institution or organization within or outside Malaysia; (j) to determine policies and set guidelines on the involvement in business activities by Universities in accordance with the powers conferred under the Universities and University Colleges Act 1971; and 211 210 (k) to take such actions or do such things as it deems fit or necessary to enable it to carry out its functions and powers effectively. (2) Upon the formulation or determination by the Council of the national policies, strategies and guidelines in relation to its functions under paragraphs (1)(a) to (k), the Minister shall implement the policies, strategies and guidelines accordingly. PART III GENERAL Committees 13. (1) The Council may establish committees as it thinks fit for the purpose of assisting the Council to perform its functions. (2) A committee shall consist of such number of persons as may be appointed by the Council from among its members. (3) Notwithstanding the provision of subsection (2), the Council may invite any person or a representative of any organization to advise a committee established under subsection (1) in the carrying out of its functions. (4) A person appointed under subsection (2) or invited to be a member of a committee under subsection (3) may be paid such allowances as may be determined by the Minister. Council to determine its own procedure 14. Subject to this Act, the Council shall determine its own procedure. Meetings 15. (1) The Council shall meet as and when required to do so by the Chairman of the Council. (2) The Chairman and four other members of the Council shall form a quorum at any meeting of the Council. (3) If on any question to be determined by the Council there is an equal division of votes, the Chairman or member presiding shall have a casting vote in addition to his deliberative vote. Declaration of beneficial interest 16. If any member of the Council has any beneficial interest in any matter under consideration by the Council he shall declare to the Chairman or member presiding the nature and extent of his interest in the matter and the Council shall decide whether or not he may take part in the meeting of the Council when the matter is being considered, notwithstanding his interest in the matter. Minutes 17. The Council shall cause minutes of all its meetings to be maintained and kept in a proper form. Allowance 18. A member of the Council or his representative may be paid such allowances for attending meetings of the Council as the Minister may determine. Grants-in-aid 19. For the purpose of enabling the Council to carry out its functions under this Act, the Minister may, from time to time, make grants-in-aid to the Council of such sums of money as the Minister may determine out of moneys to be provided by Parliament. Secretariat 20. There shall be established a Secretariat from the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education which shall assist the Council in carrying out its functions. 212 211 LAWS OF MALAYSIA - UNIVERSITIES AND UNIVERSITY COLLEGES ACT 1971 (ACT 30) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART I PRELIMINARY Section 1. Short title 2. Interpretation PART II HIGHER EDUCATION 3. Responsibility of Minister 4. Power of Minister to appoint person or body to investigate PART III UNIVERSITIES 5. Prohibition on establishing Universities 5A. Non-application of Act to University established under treaty, etc. 6. Incorporation and establishment of a University 7. Effect of Incorporation Order and general powers of a higher educational institution which is a University 8. Constitution of a University 9. University to keep office as an address for service in Malaysia 10. Copies of Statutes, etc., to be kept at office of University 11. Grants-in-aid and accounts 12. Establishment of Campus of a University 13. Acquisition of land for purposes of the University 14. Exemption from estate duty 15. Prohibition on a student or a students organization, body or group associating with societies, etc., except as provided under the Constitution or approved by the Vice-Chancellor 15A. Prohibition on collection of money by a student or by an organization, body or group of students 15B. Criminal liability of office-bearers, etc., of a students organization, body or group 15C. Presumptions 15D. Suspension and expulsion of a student charged with a criminal offence or against whom a criminal offence is proved 16. Power of Vice-Chancellor to suspend or dissolve any organization, body or group of students 16A. Discipline of staff, officers and employees of the University 16B. Disciplinary authority in respect of students of the University 16C. Disciplinary rules 16D. Surcharge 17. Constitution to provide protection of benefits under provident fund scheme 18. Transitional provisions PART IV 213 212 UNIVERSITY COLLEGES 19. Prohibition on establishing University Colleges 20. Incorporation and establishment of a University College 21. Constitution of a University College 22. Application of provisions of Part III to this Part PART V GENERAL 23. Offence of establishing a University or University College 24. Certain prohibitions in respect of University or University College 24A. Service 24B. Public Authorities Protection Act C. Act or omission done in good faith 24D. Public servants 25. Existing Universities 26. Exemption 27. Repeal FIRST SCHEDULE SECOND SCHEDULE An Act to provide for the establishment, maintenance and administration of Universities and University Colleges and for other matters connected with it. [Throughout Malaysia 30 April 1971] BE IT ENACTED by the Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-pertuan Agong with the advice and consent of the Dewan Negara and Dewan Rakyat in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows: PART I PRELIMINARY Short title 1. This Act may be cited as the Universities and University Colleges Act Interpretation 2. In this Act Board, in relation to a University, means the Board of Directors of the University constituted in accordance with the Constitution of the University; Campus in relation to a University or University College, means the Campus of the University or University College; Chancellor, in relation to a University, means the Chancellor of the University and includes any other person, by whatever name called, who has been appointed as the Head of a University and Pro-Chancellor shall be construed accordingly; Constitution, in relation to a University, means the Constitution of the University substantially in the form as set out in the First Schedule; Faculty, in relation to a University, means the Faculty of the University and includes a School, a Centre, an Academy and an Institute, of the University, and in relation to the Campus of a University, includes any part of the Faculty, School, Centre, Academy and Institute designated to such Campus; Higher Education includes University and University College education; 214 213 Higher Educational Institution means any University or University College established under this Act; Minister means the Minister responsible for education; Senate in relation to a University, means the Senate of that University; student means a registered student who is following a course of study on a full time or part time basis in the University; University or University College means a higher educational institution having the status of a University or University College respectively; University or University College education means the education provided by a University or University College; Vice-Chancellor, in relation to a University, means the Vice- Chancellor, President, Rector or Director of the University and includes any other person, by whatever name called, who has been appointed as the chief executive officer of the University and Deputy Vice-Chancellor shall be construed accordingly. PART II HIGHER EDUCATION Responsibility of Minister 3. The Minister shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, be responsible for the general direction of higher education and the administration of this Act which shall be in accordance with the national policies, strategies and guidelines on higher education formulated or determined by an authority established under any written law for such purposes. Power of Minister to appoint person or body to investigate 4. For the purpose of enabling more effective discharge of the Minister s responsibility for higher education and the administration of this Act, the Minister may, from time to time, appoint any person or body to investigate into any of the activities or the administration of any higher educational institution and to report to him the result of such investigation with recommendations relating thereto. PART III UNIVERSITIES Prohibition on establishing Universities 5. Subject to section 5A, no higher educational institution with the status of a University shall be established except in accordance with the provisions of this Act or any other written law regulating its establishment. Non-application of Act to University established under treaty, etc. 5A. (1) The provisions of this Act shall not apply to any higher educational institution with the status of a University which is authorized to be established by an order made by the Yang di-pertuan Agong under subsection (2) and any private higher educational institution conferred with the status of a University or University College under any written law. (2) The Yang di-pertuan Agong may by order published in the Gazette authorize the establishment of any higher educational institution having the status of a University, whatever its name or style, if he is satisfied that it is to be established pursuant to any treaty, agreement or convention between Malaysia and any other country or pursuant to any agreement between Malaysia and an international organization. 215 214 Incorporation and establishment of a University 6. (1) If, the Yang di-pertuan Agong is satisfied that it is expedient in the national interest that a University should be established, he may by order (a) declare that there shall be established a higher educational institution having the status of a University, which shall be a body corporate, for the purpose of providing, promoting and developing higher education in all such branches of learning as shall be specified in the order; (b) assign a name and style to that University; and (c) specify the location of the site which shall be the seat of that University. (2) An Order made under subsection (1) (hereinafter referred to as the Incorporation Order ) shall, at the next meeting of Parliament, be laid before both Houses of Parliament. Effect of Incorporation Order and general powers of a higher educational institution which is a University 7. (1) Upon the coming into force of the Incorporation Order made under section 6, a higher educational institution having the status of a University, with the name and style assigned to it by the Order, shall be deemed to have been established, and by which name the Chancellor, the Vice-Chancellor and the members for the time being of the Board and the Senate shall be deemed to have been constituted a body corporate with perpetual succession and with full power and authority by and in such name (a) to sue and be sued in all courts; (b) to have and use a common seal and to alter the same at its pleasure; (c) to purchase any immovable or movable property and to take, accept and hold any such property which may become vested in it by virtue of any such purchase or by any grant or donation, lease, subventions, legacies, testamentary disposition or otherwise; (d) to sell, lease, exchange or otherwise dispose of any such property not inconsistent with any condition or restriction as may be imposed by the Constitution; and (e) to exercise, discharge and perform all such powers, duties and functions as may be conferred or imposed on the University by this Act or the Constitution. (2) The powers conferred on a University by subsection (1) shall, unless otherwise expressly provided by this Act or the Constitution, be exercised by the Board. Constitution of a University 8. (1) The Constitution of a University shall contain provisions for all the matters set out in the First Schedule to this Act. (2) If at any time the Constitution does not contain provisions set out in the First Schedule to this Act, the Board shall take such steps as may be necessary for giving effect to the provisions aforesaid or for removing the inconsistent provisions in the Constitution. (3) Without prejudice to subsection (2), the Yang di-pertuan Agong may, at any time, amend the Constitution so as to bring it into accord with the provisions of the First Schedule to this Act. (4) The provisions of the Constitution shall take effect from such date as may be appointed by the Yang di-pertuan Agong and shall have the force of law within Malaysia. (5) Anything done or appointment made for and on behalf of the University prior to the date of the coming into force of the Constitution shall, on and after that date, be deemed to be made for, by or on behalf of the University. 216 215 University to keep office as an address for service in Malaysia 9. (1) Every University shall keep and maintain an office situated within Malaysia, which shall be its address for service for all writs, plaints, notices, pleadings, orders, summonses, warrants or other proceedings and written communications of all kinds. (2) All writs, plaints, notices, pleadings, orders, summonses, warrants or other proceedings or other written communications shall, if left at the office kept and maintained under subsection (1), be deemed duly served upon or delivered to a University or such officer or authority to whom they may have been addressed, in all proceedings before any Court in Malaysia. Copies of Statutes, etc., to be kept at office of University 10. Every University shall keep at the office mentioned in section 9 a copy of each current Statute, Rule, Regulation or other documents required to be published under this Act or the Constitution, and shall keep the same available at all reasonable hours for inspection by the public and, where any books or copies of documents are, under this Act or the Constitution, required to be available for purchase by the public, such books or copies shall be kept available for purchase at such office or at some other place within Malaysia as the University may think fit. Grants-in-aid and accounts 11. (1) Parliament may from time to time provide grants-in-aid to a University. (2) All moneys paid to a University under subsection (1) shall be applied or expended by the University for all or any of the purposes of the University in accordance with the estimates approved under the provisions of the Constitution: Provided that any such moneys appropriated to and not applied for the purposes of the annually recurrent expenditure of the University may, with the approval of the Minister, be applied to capital expenditure. (3) A copy of the accounts of the University for each financial year shall be prepared and submitted for audit before 30th July immediately following the financial year; and the accounts together with the report of the auditor shall be submitted to the Minister. (4) The Minister shall cause a copy of the audited accounts of the University to be laid before both Houses of Parliament. Establishment of Campus of a University 12. (1) The Yang di-pertuan Agong may, by order published in the Gazette (hereinafter referred to as a Campus Order ) (a) establish a Campus of the University; (b) assign a suitable name or designation to the Campus; (c) specify the site or location of the Campus, being the site or location which shall be in addition to the Campus at the seat of the University; (d) assign a Faculty to the Campus; (e) specify the department of study comprised in such Faculty; and (f) prescribe such other matters as may be necessary or expedient for giving effect to the Campus Order. (2) The Yang di-pertuan Agong may at any time, amend, vary or revoke a Campus Order by a subsequent order published in the Gazette. Acquisition of land for purposes of the University 217 (1) When any immovable property, not being State land or reserved land or land vested in State or in the Federation or occupied or used by the Federation or a public authority for Federal purposes, is needed for the purposes of a University and cannot be acquired by agreement, such property may be acquired in accordance with the provisions of any written law relating to the acquisition of land for a public purpose for the time being in force in the State in which such property is situated, and any declaration required under any such written law that such land is so needed may be made notwithstanding that compensation is to be paid out of the funds of the University, and such declaration shall have effect as if it were a declaration that such land is needed for a public purpose made in accordance with such written law. (2) Expenses and compensation in respect of any immovable property acquired under subsection (1) shall be paid by the University. (3) All immovable property acquired under this section shall vest in the University, and an entry to that effect in the appropriate register shall be made by the proper registering authority. Exemption from estate duty 14. No estate duty shall be payable in respect of the amount of any bequest to a University, and the value of the property passing on the death of a deceased shall be deemed not to include the amount of such bequest for the purpose of fixing the rate of estate duty. Prohibition on a student or a students organization, body or group associating with societies, etc., except as provided under the Constitution or approved by the Vice-Chancellor 15. (1) No person, while he is a student of the University, shall be a member of, or shall in any manner associate with, any society, political party, trade union or any other organization, body or group of persons whatsoever, whether or not it is established under any law, whether it is in the University or outside the University, and whether it is in Malaysia or outside Malaysia, except as may be provided by or under the Constitution, or except as may be approved in advance in writing by the Vice-Chancellor. (2) No organization, body or group of students of the University, whether established by, under or in accordance with the Constitution, or otherwise, shall have any affiliation, association or other dealing whatsoever with any society, political party, trade union or any other organization, body or group of persons whatsoever, whether or not it is established under any law, whether it is in the University or outside the University, and whether it is in Malaysia or outside Malaysia, except as may be provided by or under the Constitution, or except as may be approved in advance in writing by the Vice-Chancellor. (3) No person, while he is a student of the University, shall express or do anything which may be construed as expressing support, sympathy or opposition to any political party or trade union or as expressing support or sympathy with any unlawful organization, body or group of persons. (4) No organization, body or group of students of the University which is established by, under or in accordance with the Constitution, or any other organization, body or group of students of the University, shall express or do anything which may be construed as expressing support, sympathy or opposition to any political party or trade union or as 218 217 expressing support or sympathy with any unlawful organization, body or group of persons. (5) Any person who contravenes or fails to comply with subsection (1), (2), (3) or (4) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. Prohibition on collection of money by a student or by an organization, body or group of students 15A. (1) No student of the University, or any organization, body or group of students of the University, shall, in or outside the Campus, or in or outside Malaysia, collect or attempt to collect, or promote or attempt to promote any collection of, or make any appeal orally or in writing or otherwise or attempt to make any such appeal for, any money or other property from any person, not being money or property due or about to fall due under or by virtue of any written law, contract or other legal obligation. (2) Any person who contravenes or fails to comply with subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. (3) The Minister may, in any particular case, in his absolute discretion, grant exemption to any person from the application of subsection (1), subject to such terms and conditions and for such period as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit. (4) Without prejudice to the provisions of any other written law relating to the delegation of powers, the Minister may, by notification in the Gazette, delegate the exercise of his powers under subsection (3) to the Vice-Chancellor in respect of collection of money within the Campus from persons within the Campus, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed in such notification. (5) The provisions of this section shall be in addition to and not in derogation from the provisions of any written law relating to house to house and street collections, public collections, or collection of money or sale of badges. Criminal liability of office-bearers, etc., of a students organization, body or group 15B. (1) Where any offence has been committed under any written law, whether or not any person has been convicted in respect thereof, and such offence has been committed or purports to have been committed in the name or on behalf of, any organization, body or group of students of the University which is established by, under or in accordance with the Constitution, or any other organization, body or group of students of the University, every office-bearer of such organization, body or group and every person managing or assisting in the management of such organization, body or group at the time of the commission of such offence shall be deemed to be guilty of such offence and shall be liable to the punishment prescribed by law therefor, unless he establishes to the satisfaction of the court that the offence was committed without his knowledge and that he had exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence. (2) Any office-bearer of, or any person managing or assisting in the management of, any organization, body or group as referred to in subsection (1) shall be liable to be prosecuted under this section, notwithstanding that he may not have taken part in the commission of the offence. (3) In any prosecution under this section of an office-bearer of, or any person managing or assisting in the management of, any organization, body or group as referred to in 219 218 subsection (1), any document found in the possession of any office-bearer of, or person managing or assisting in the management of, such organization, body or group, or in the possession of a member of such organization, body or group shall be prima facie evidence of the contents thereof for the purpose of proving that anything has been done or purports to have been done by or on behalf of such organization, body or group. Presumptions 15C. In any prosecution under this Act (a) it shall not be necessary for the prosecution to prove that an organization, body or group of persons possesses a name or that it has been constituted or is usually known under a particular name; (b) where any books, accounts, writings, lists of members, seals, banners or insignia of, or relating to, or purporting to relate to, any organization, body or group of persons are found in the possession, custody or under the control of any person, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that such person is a member of such organization, body or group, and such organization, body or group shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, to be in existence at the time such books, accounts, writings, lists of members, seals, banners or insignia are so found; and (c) where any books, accounts, writings, lists of members, seals, banners or insignia of, or relating to, any organization, body or group of persons are found in the possession, custody or under the control of any person, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that such person assists in the management of such organization, body or group. Suspension and expulsion of a student charged with a criminal offence or against whom a criminal offence is proved 15D. (1) Where a student of the University is charged with a criminal offence he shall immediately thereupon be suspended from being a student of the University and shall not, during the pendency of the criminal proceedings, remain in or enter the Campus of that or any other University. (2) Where a court finds that a charge for a criminal offence is proved against a student of the University, the student shall, immediately thereupon, cease to be a student of the University, and shall not remain in or enter the Campus of that or any other University. (3) A student of the University who is detained, or is subjected to any order imposing restrictions on him, under any written law relating to preventive detention or internal security, shall, immediately thereupon, cease to be a student of the University and shall not remain in or enter the Campus of that or any other University. (4) A student of the University who is suspended from being a student of the University under subsection (1) shall not, while he is so suspended, be admitted as a student of any other University in Malaysia without the written approval of the Minister, and if the Minister grants such approval, the Minister may impose such terms and conditions as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit to impose. (5) A student of the University who ceases to be a student of the University under subsection (2) or (3) shall not be admitted as a student of that or any other University in Malaysia without the written approval of the Minister, and if the Minister grants such approval, the Minister may impose such terms and conditions as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit to impose. 220 219 (6) Any person who remains in or enters the Campus of any University in contravention of subsection (1), (2) or (3) or who obtains admission to any University in contravention of subsection (4) or (5) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. (7) Subsections (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) shall apply to a person notwithstanding that there may be pending in any court or before any other authority any application, petition, appeal, or other proceeding whatsoever by him or by any other person in respect of the criminal proceedings, the detention, or the order imposing restrictions, as the case may be : Provided that upon the determination of such application, petition, appeal or other proceeding the Minister may, in his absolute discretion, have regard to such determination and grant exemption to the student from the application of subsection (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5), as the case may be, upon such terms and conditions as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit to impose. (8) The Minister may, at any time, in any particular case, in his absolute discretion, grant exemption to any person from the application of subsection (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5), as the case may be, either unconditionally, or upon such terms and conditions, or for such period, as he may, in his absolute discretion, deem fit. (9) (Deleted by Act A946). Power of Vice-Chancellor to suspend or dissolve any organization, body or group of students 16. If any organization, body or group of students of the University conducts itself in a manner which the Vice-Chancellor considers detrimental or prejudicial to the interests or well-being of the University, or to the interests or well-being of any of the students or staff of the University, or to public order, safety or security, or if any such organization, body or group violates any provision of any written law, the Vice-Chancellor may suspend or dissolve such organization, body or group. Discipline of staff, officers and employees of University 16A. (1) The Board shall have disciplinary authority over every staff, officer and employee of the University and shall exercise disciplinary control in respect of all such persons in accordance with this Act and any rules made under section 16C. (2) The Board may, by notification in the Gazette, establish different disciplinary committees for different categories of staff, officer and employee. (3) A disciplinary committee shall exercise its powers in all matters relating to the discipline of every staff, officer and employee placed under its jurisdiction. (4) A staff, officer or employee who is a member of a disciplinary committee shall not be lower in rank than any staff, officer or employee over whom the disciplinary committee has disciplinary authority. (5) In any case where a member of a disciplinary committee is himself a complainant in any disciplinary proceedings before the disciplinary committee, he shall not be present in such proceedings and the Board shall appoint any other person to participate in such proceedings. (6) Subsection (4) shall apply to any other person appointed to a disciplinary committee under subsection (5). 221 220 (7) In the exercise of its disciplinary functions and powers, a disciplinary committee shall have the power to take disciplinary action and impose any disciplinary punishment or any combination of two or more of the disciplinary punishments provided under the rules made under section 16C. (8) A disciplinary committee shall have no jurisdiction in respect of the Chancellor, Pro-Chancellors and Vice-Chancellor. (9) Any staff, officer or employee who is dissatisfied with the decision of a disciplinary committee may, within thirty days from the date of the service of the decision on him, appeal in writing against such decision to the Board. (10) When the Board considers any appeal under subsection (9), members of the disciplinary committee against whose decision the appeal is made shall not be present or in any way participate in any proceedings relating to that appeal. (11) The Board shall have the power to confirm, reverse or vary the decision of the disciplinary committee or give such directions on the appeal as it deems fit and proper. (12) The decision of the Board upon an appeal shall be final. Disciplinary authority in respect of students of the University 16B. (1) The disciplinary authority of the University in respect of every student of the University shall be the Vice-Chancellor. (2) The Vice-Chancellor who is the disciplinary authority under subsection (1), shall have the power to take such disciplinary action and impose such disciplinary punishment as may be provided for under any disciplinary rules that may be made by the Board under section 16C. (3) The Vice-Chancellor who is the disciplinary authority under subsection (1), may delegate any of his disciplinary functions, powers or duties to any of the Deputy Vice-Chancellors, any member of the staff, any officer or any employee of the University, or to any board of members of the staff, officers or employees of the University, in respect of any particular student, or any class or category of the students of the University, and the Deputy Vice-Chancellors, member of the staff, officer or employee or the board delegated with such functions, powers or duties shall carry out, exercise or discharge them under the direction and control of such Vice-Chancellor who shall have the power to review, rescind or vary any decision or finding of such Deputy Vice-Chancellor, member of the staff, officer or employee or such board : Provided that no delegation shall be made under this subsection to the Chancellor or the Pro-Chancellors. (4) Any student dissatisfied with the decision of the Vice- Chancellor who is the disciplinary authority under subsection (1) or of any person or board delegated with functions, powers or duties under subsection (3) may, within thirty days from the date of the service of the decision on him, appeal against such decision to the Minister who may, if he deems fit, summarily reject the appeal. (5) Where the Minister does not summarily reject an appeal under subsection (4), he shall appoint a committee of two or more persons, from within or without the University, to consider the appeal and make its recommendations to him, and, upon receiving such recommendations, the Minister may give such decision on the appeal as he deems fit and proper. Disciplinary rules 222 221 16C. (1) The Board shall have the power to make such disciplinary rules as it deems necessary or expedient to provide for the discipline of the members of the staff, officers and employees of the University and of the students of the University; the disciplinary rules made under this subsection shall be published in the Gazette. (2) The disciplinary rules made by the Board under this section may include provisions for the interdiction with reduction in salary or in other remuneration, or provisions for the suspension without salary or other remuneration, of a member of the staff or an officer or employee of the University, and for the suspension of a student of the University, during the pendency of disciplinary proceedings. (3) The disciplinary rules made under this section shall create such disciplinary offences and provide for such disciplinary punishments as the Board may deem appropriate, and the punishments so provided may extend to dismissal or reduction in rank in the case of members of the staff, officers or employees of the University, and expulsion from the University in the case of students of the University. (4) The disciplinary rules made under this section shall, in prescribing the procedure for disciplinary proceedings, provide for an opportunity for representations to be made by the person against whom disciplinary proceedings are taken before a decision is arrived at by the disciplinary authority on the disciplinary charge laid against such person. (5) The particularity of the matters referred to in subsections (2), (3) and (4) shall be without prejudice to the generality of the powers of the Board under subsection (1). Surcharge 16D. (1) A person who is or was a staff, officer or employee of the University may be surcharged if it appears to the Board that the person (a) has failed to collect money owing to the University for the collection of which he is or was responsible; (b) is or was responsible for any improper payment of money from the University or for any payment of money which is not duly approved; (c) is or was responsible, directly or indirectly, for any deficiency in, or for the destruction of, any money, stamp, security, store or other property of the University; (d) being or having been an accounting officer, fails or had failed to keep proper accounts or records; or (e) has failed to make any payment, or is or was responsible for any delay in the payment from the University, of moneys to any person to whom such payment is due under any law, contract, agreement or arrangement entered into between that person and the University. (2) The Board shall, before the person is surcharged, serve on him a written notice calling on him to show cause why he should not be surcharged. (3) If a satisfactory explanation is not received within thirty days from the date of the service of the notice under subsection (2), the Board may (a) in the case of paragraphs (1)(a), (b) and (c), surcharge against the person a sum not exceeding the amount not collected, or of the improper payment made, or of the deficiency in the value of, or destruction caused of, the money, stamp, security, store or other property; and (b) in the case of paragraphs (1)(d) and (e), surcharge against the person, such sum as the Board may think fit. 223 222 (4) The Board shall notify the person surcharged in respect of any surcharge made under subsection (3). (5) Notwithstanding subsections (3) and (4), the Board may at any time withdraw any surcharge in respect of which a satisfactory explanation has been received or if it otherwise appears that no surcharge should have been made, and the Board shall forthwith notify the person surcharged of the withdrawal. (6) Where the amount of any surcharge made under subsection (3) is not withdrawn under subsection (5), it shall be deemed to be a debt due to the University from the person surcharged and may be sued for and recovered in any court at the suit of the University and may also if the Board so directs be recovered by deduction (a) from the salary of the person surcharged; or (b) from the pension of the person surcharged, by equal monthly instalments not exceeding one-fourth of the total monthly salary or pension, as the case may be, of that person. (7) In any action for surcharge against the Vice-Chancellor, the composition of the Board for the purposes of subsections (1) to (6) shall not include the Vice-Chancellor. (8) For the purposes of paragraph (1)(d), accounting officer includes every staff, officer or employee of the University charged with the duty of collecting, receiving, or accounting for, or who in fact collects, receives or accounts for, any money of the University, or who is charged with the duty of disbursing, or who does in fact disburse, any such money, and every staff, officer or employee who is charged with the receipt, custody or disposal of, or the accounting for, any money, stamp, security, store and property of the University or who in fact receives, holds or disposes of such money, stamp, security, store and property. Constitution to provide protection of benefits under provident fund scheme 17. The Constitution may establish a provident fund scheme for its employees and the following provisions shall apply to any such provident scheme (a) no assurance on the life of any contributor under any provident scheme and no moneys or other benefits received under such assurance or in any other manner under any such scheme shall be capable of being taken in execution or otherwise garnished, attached, sequestered or levied upon for or in respect of any debt or claim whatsoever against the contributor or his estate unless the University in its discretion shall have assigned such assurance, moneys or other benefits to the contributor for his absolute use and benefit or, in the case of his death, to his legal personal representative; (b) subject to any discretionary trusts or powers as to the application thereof vested by any Act or rules relating thereto in the University or other person administering the provident scheme, all moneys and benefits arising from any such provident scheme shall be deemed to be impressed with a trust in favour of the objects entitled thereto under the will or intestacy of any deceased contributor; (c) no donation or contribution to a fund established under a provident scheme or interest thereon shall be assignable or liable to be attached, sequestered or levied upon for or in respect of any debt or claim whatsoever other than a debt due to the University; 224 223 (d) no such donation or contribution or interest shall be subject to the debts of the contributor, nor shall such donation, contribution or interest be subject to the debts of the contributor, nor shall such donation, contribution or interest pass to the Director General of Insolvency on the bankruptcy of such contributor, but, if such contributor is adjudicated a bankrupt or is declared insolvent by judgement of the court, such donation or contribution or interest shall, subject to the provisions of this Act and of the Constitution and of any Act or rules relating thereto, be deemed to be impressed with a trust in favour of the persons entitled thereto on the death of the contributor; (e) the bankruptcy of a contributor shall not effect the making of deductions from the salary of the contributor in accordance with any Act or rules relating thereto, but such deductions shall continue to be made notwithstanding the provisions of any written law, and the portion of salary so deducted shall be deemed not to form part of his after-acquired property; (f) subject to the provisions of any Act or rules relating thereto, all moneys payable or paid out of any fund established under a provident scheme on the death of a contributor shall be deemed to be impressed with a trust in favour of the persons entitled thereto under the will or intestacy of such deceased contributor, or under a nomination in such form as may be prescribed under the scheme, but shall not be deemed to form part of his estate or be subject to the payment of his debts. Transitional provisions 18. The Yang di-pertuan Agong may in respect of the Constitution provide such transitional provisions as he may deem necessary or expedient for the purpose of achieving the objects of the University. Prohibition on establishing University Colleges 19. No higher educational institution with the status of a University College shall be established except in accordance with the provisions of this Act or any other written law regulating its establishment. Incorporation and establishment of a University College 20. If, the Yang di-pertuan Agong is satisfied that it is expedient in the national interest that a University College should be established, he may by order (a) declare that there shall be established a higher educational institution having the status of a University College, which shall be a body corporate for the purpose of providing, in accordance with the provisions of this Act and the Constitution of the University College, higher education in specified branches of learning; (b) assign a name to that University College; and (c) specify the location of the site which shall be the seat of that University College. Constitution of a University College 21. (1) The Yang di-pertuan Agong may by regulations prescribe the Constitution of a University College. (2) The Yang di-pertuan Agong may at any time amend the Constitution of a University College. (3) The provisions of the Constitution of a University College shall take effect from such date as may be appointed by the Yang di-pertuan Agong and shall have the force of law within Malaysia. 225 224 (4) Anything done or appointment made for and on behalf of the University College prior to the date of the coming into force of the Constitution shall, on and after that date, be deemed to be made for, by or on behalf of the University College. Application of provisions of Part III to this Part 22. Subsections 6(2), sections 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 15A, 15B, 15C, 15D, 16, 16A, 16B, 16C, 16D and 17 applicable to a University established under this Act shall mutatis mutandis apply to a University College established or deemed to be established under this Act subject to the following modifications, that is to say (a) reference to University shall be read as reference to University College ; (aa) reference to Board shall be read as reference to the executive body of the University College; (b) reference to Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice-Chancellor shall be read as reference to the appropriate authorities of the University College; (c) reference to Pro-Chancellor shall be deleted; and (d) such other modifications as may be necessary or expedient for giving effect to this section. PART V GENERAL Offence of establishing a University or University College 23. (1) No person shall establish, form or promote or do anything or carry on any activities for the purpose of establishing or forming or promoting the establishment or formation of a University or University College otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of this Act or any other written law regulating its establishment. (2) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be liable to a fine of ten thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term of five years or to both. Certain prohibitions in respect of University or University College 24. (1) No person shall establish, manage or maintain a higher educational institution with the status of University or University College unless it is a higher educational institution established in accordance with the provisions of this Act or any other written law regulating its establishment. (2) No higher educational institution or person shall issue to or confer on any person any degree or diploma purporting to be degree or diploma issued or conferred by a University or University College unless the issue or conferment is in accordance with the provisions of this Act or any other written law regulating its establishment. (3) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be liable to a fine of five thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term of three years or to both. Service 24A. (1) Service of any notice under this Act shall be effected by registered post to the person affected thereby and shall be deemed to have been served on the day succeeding the day on which the notice would have been delivered in the ordinary course of post. 226 225 (2) Where the person to whom there has been addressed a registered letter containing any notice which may be given under this Act is informed of the fact that there is a registered letter awaiting him, at a post office, and if such person refuses or neglects to take delivery of such registered letter, such notice shall be deemed to have been served upon him on the date on which he was so informed. Public Authorities Protection Act B. The Public Authorities Protection Act 1948 [Act 198] shall apply to any action, suit, prosecution or proceedings against the University, the Board, the Senate, any member of the Board or Senate, the Vice-Chancellor, the Deputy Vice-Chancellors, the staff, the officer or the employee of the University in respect of any act, neglect or default done or committed by it or him in such capacity. Act or omission done in good faith 24C. No action or suit shall be instituted or maintained in any court against (a) the Board; (b) a member of the Board; (c) the Vice-Chancellor; (d) the Deputy Vice-Chancellors; (e) the Senate; (f) a member of the Senate; (g) a staff, an officer or an employee of the University; and (h) a person authorized to act for or on behalf of any of the bodies or persons under paragraphs (a) to (g), for any act or omission done in good faith in the discharge of its or his powers and duties under this Act in a reasonable belief that it was necessary for the purpose intended to be served thereby. Public servants 24D. All members of the Board and Senate, the Vice-Chancellor, Deputy Vice-Chancellors, staff, officers and employees of the University while discharging their functions as such members, Vice-Chancellor, Deputy Vice-Chancellors, staff, officers and employees, shall be deemed to be public servants within the meaning of the Penal Code [Act 574]. Existing Universities 25. (1) The University of Malaya established under the University of Malaya Act 1961 [Act 44 of 1961], shall be deemed to be a University established under this Act. (2) The University of Malaya Act 1961, shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, continue in force for the purpose of that University. Exemption 26. The Yang di-pertuan Agong may, with respect to any University, by order published in the Gazette, exempt it from,vary or add to any of the provisions of the First and Second Schedules. Repeal 27. The Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance No. 74, 1971 is hereby repealed. FIRST SCHEDULE [Section 8] CONSTITUTION Citation This Constitution may be cited as the Constitution of the University of 227 226 Interpretation 2. (1) In this Constitution, unless the context otherwise requires Alumni of the University means the Alumni of the University constituted in accordance with section 22; Authority means any of the Authorities of the University referred to in section 12, and includes any Authority established by Statute; Chair means the post of professor however styled; Convocation means a Convocation held in accordance with section 44; Foundation Day means the date on which the Incorporation Order made by the Yang di-pertuan Agong under section 6 of the Universities and University Colleges Act 1971 comes into force; Guild of Graduates means the Guild constituted in accordance with section 22; Officer means the Chancellor, a Pro-Chancellor, the Vice-Chancellor, the Deputy Vice-Chancellor, the Dean of a Faculty, the Head of a School, a Centre, an Academy or an Institute, the Registrar, the Bursar, the Librarian, or the holder of any office created by Statute or otherwise; Regulations, Rules and Statute mean the Regulations, Rules and Statute made in accordance with this Constitution; Teacher means a person appointed to be a teacher by the Board in accordance with this Constitution, and includes a senior professor, professor, associate professor, assistant professor, reader, senior lecturer, lecturer, assistant lecturer, language and matriculation teacher, and tutor; The University means the University of (2) References in this Constitution to a section are reference to a section of this Constitution. PART I THE UNIVERSITY Establishing of University as body corporate 3. There is hereby established in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution, a University with the name and style of., by which name and style the Chancellor, the Pro-Chancellors, the Vice-Chancellor, the Board and the Senate are hereby constituted a body corporate with perpetual succession, and with full power and authority under such name (a) to sue and be sued in all courts; (b) to have and use a common seal and from time to time to break, change, alter and make anew such seal as it shall think fit; (c) for the purposes of this Constitution, and subject to the Statutes, Rules and Regulations to purchase any property, movable or immovable, and to take, accept and hold any such property which may become vested in it by virtue of any such purchase, or by any exchange, grant, donation, lease, testamentary disposition or otherwise; (d) to sell, mortgage, lease, exchange or otherwise dispose of any such property; and (e) to exercise and perform, in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution and of the Statutes, Rules and Regulations, all powers and duties conferred or imposed upon the University by such provisions. Powers of University 228 (1) The University shall, subject to the provisions of this Constitution, have the following powers: (a) to provide courses of instruction, to hold examinations, to make provision for research, and to take such other steps as may appear necessary or desirable for the advancement and dissemination of knowledge; (b) to confer degrees, diplomas, certificates and other academic distinctions including external degrees, diplomas, certificates and other academic distinctions and upon persons who have followed courses of study approved by the University and have satisfied such other requirements as may be prescribed by Rules; (c) to recognize the degrees and diplomas of other institutions of higher learning, for the purpose of admission to the courses and examinations of the University and of the award of higher degrees on holders of such degrees or diplomas or on graduates of the University on such conditions as may be prescribed by Rules; (d) to confer degrees upon teachers of the University who have satisfied such requirements as may be prescribed by Rules; (e) to confer honorary degrees on persons who have contributed to the advancement or dissemination of knowledge or who have rendered distinguished public service; (f) to grant certificates to persons who have attained proficiency in any branch of knowledge; (g) to institute chairs, lectureships, and other posts and offices, and to make appointments thereto; (h) to establish a University printing press and to publish books and other matter; (i) to erect, equip and maintain libraries, laboratories, museums, lecture halls, halls of residence and all other buildings required for the purposes of the University, whether in the Federation or elsewhere; (j) to institute and award fellowships, scholarships, exhibitions, bursaries, medals, prizes and other titles, distinctions, awards and other forms of assistance towards the advancement and dissemination of knowledge; (k) to invest in land or securities (whether authorized as trustee investments or not) such funds as may be vested in it for the purpose of endowment, whether for general or special purposes, or such other funds as may not be immediately required for current expenditure, with power from time to time to vary any such investment and to deposit any moneys for the time being uninvested with any bank established in Malaysia either upon fixed deposit or upon current account; (ka) to grant loans or advances to its staff, officers and employees; (kb) to grant loans or financial assistance to deserving students on such terms and conditions as may be approved by the Minister; (kc) to conduct commercial research for the effective promotion and utilization of its research findings; (l) to enter into contracts, to appoint such staff and to establish such trusts, as may be required for the purposes of the University; (m) to appoint, promote and discipline officers, teachers and staff of the University; (n) to regulate the conditions of service of the staff of the University, including schemes of service, salary scales, leave and discipline; 229 228 (o) to establish pension or superannuation or provident fund schemes for the benefit of its employees, and to enter into arrangements with other organizations or persons for the establishment of such schemes; (p) to regulate and provide for the residence of officers, teachers, staff and students of the University and the welfare and discipline of teachers, staff and students; (q) to demand and receive such fees as may from time to time be prescribed by Rules; and (r) to do all such acts and things, whether or not incidental to the powers aforesaid as may be requisite in order to further instruction, research, finance, administration, welfare and discipline in the University. (2) If the Yang di-pertuan Agong is satisfied, with a view to maintenance and promotion of the Federation s foreign relations, that it is necessary to confer an honorary degree upon a foreign dignitary, on the direction by the Yang di-pertuan Agong the University shall confer such degree as stated in the direction. Additional powers of the University 4A. (1) The Board may, with the approval of the Minister of Finance (a) where it appears to be requisite, advantageous or convenient for or in connection with the discharge of the functions, exercise of the powers and carrying on of the activities of the University, enter into equity participation, partnership, joint venture, undertaking or any other form of co-operation or arrangement in association with, or otherwise (i) an enterprise, company, private undertaking or syndicate of persons constituted for carrying on business in Malaysia or elsewhere; (ii) the Federal or State Government; (iii) a public body or authority; (iv) a commission; or (v) a person; (b) establish or promote the establishment of companies under the Companies Act 1965 [Act 125] to carry on and engage in any activity which has been planned or undertaken by the University; (c) establish corporations to carry out and have the charge, conduct and management of any property, project, scheme or enterprise which in the opinion of the Board would be beneficial and advantageous to the University; (d) borrow, at such rate of interest and for such period and upon such terms as the Board may approve, any sums required by the University for meeting its obligations or discharging any of its duties; (e) secure borrowings under paragraph (d) by the issue of bonds, debentures or debenture stocks of such class and value or to charge, mortgage, pledge or otherwise create liens over its property, movable or immovable, upon such terms as the Board may deem expedient; (f) acquire and hold for investment shares, stocks, debentures, debenture stocks, bonds, obligations and securities issued or guaranteed by (i) any company or private undertaking or any syndicate of persons constituted for carrying on business in Malaysia or elsewhere; (ii) the Federal or State Government; (iii) a sovereign ruler; (iv) commissions; and 230 229 (v) a public body or authority; (g) acquire shares, stocks, debentures, debenture stocks, bonds, obligations or securities referred to in paragraph (f) by original subscription, tender, purchase, transfer, exchange or otherwise; (h) exercise and generally enforce all rights and powers conferred by or incidental to the ownership of shares, stocks, debentures, debenture stocks, bonds, obligations or securities referred to in paragraph (f) and in particular to sell, transfer, exchange or otherwise dispose of the same; and (i) purchase, take on lease or hire or otherwise acquire and invest in any real and personal estate which may be deemed necessary or convenient for any of the purposes of the University. (2) Section 4B shall apply to a corporation established under paragraph (1)(c). Provisions relating to corporations 4B. (1) The Board shall, on or before the date on which any corporation is established under paragraph 4A(1)(c), prescribe by regulations (a) the purposes and objects for which such corporation is established; (b) the rights, powers, duties and functions of such corporation; (c) the system of management of such corporation; and (d) the relations between such corporation and the University and the rights of control of the Board over such corporation. (2) Any regulations made under subsection (1) shall be binding on the corporation in respect of which they were made and shall have effect for all purposes as if they had been enacted under this Constitution. (3) The Board may at any time amend, revoke, or add to, any regulation made in respect of any corporation under subsection (1). (4) The Board may, with the approval of the Minister after consultation with the Minister of Finance, direct that any corporation established by it be wound up and dissolved. (5) Upon the dissolution of any corporation under subsection (4), assets of the corporation after payment of all liabilities shall be transferred to and vested in the University. (6) The winding up of a corporation under subsection (4) shall be conducted in such manner as the Board may prescribe by regulations. (7) Regulations made under this section shall be published in the Gazette. (8) Every corporation established under paragraph 4A(1)(c) (a) shall be a body corporate by such name as the Board shall give to such corporation; (b) shall have perpetual succession; (c) shall have a common seal; (d) may sue and be sued in its corporate name; (e) may enter into contracts; (f) may hold, and deal in or with, any movable or immovable property; and (g) may do all other matters and things incidental or appertaining to a body corporate not inconsistent with this Constitution, subject to such restrictions or limitations as may be specified by the Board in each case. (9) Every such corporation shall have a common seal, which shall bear such device as the corporation, with the approval of the Board, may determine. 231 230 (10) The common seal may from time to time be broken, changed, altered and made anew by the corporation, with the approval of the Board, as the corporation shall think fit. (11) Until a seal is provided by the corporation under subsection (9) a stamp bearing the name of the corporation encircling the letters UNIVERSITY... may be used as its common seal. (12) The common seal, or the stamp referred to in subsection (11) shall be in the custody of such person as the corporation shall direct and shall be authenticated by such person. (13) All deeds, documents and other instruments purporting to be sealed with the seal, authenticated as provided in subsection (12) shall, until the contrary is proved, be deemed to have been validly executed. (14)Any document or instrument which if executed by a person not being a body corporate would not be required to be under seal may in like manner be executed by the corporation; and such document or instrument may be executed on behalf of the corporation by any officer or servant of the corporation generally or specially authorized by the corporation in that behalf. (15) The seal of every corporation shall be officially and judicially noticed. Conduct of study, etc., in association, etc., with any University 4C. The University may, with the approval of the Minister, conduct any course of study or training programme jointly or in association, affiliation, collaboration or otherwise, with any University or institution of higher education or other educational institution or organization within or outside Malaysia. Distinctions of race and creed prohibited 5. Subject to Article 153 of the Federal Constitution, membership of the University, whether as an officer, teacher or student, shall be open to all persons irrespective of sex, race, religion, nationality or class; and no test of religious belief or profession shall be adopted or imposed in order to entitle any persons to be admitted to such membership or to be awarded any degree or diploma of the University, nor shall any fellowship, scholarships, exhibition, bursary, medal, prize or other distinction or award be limited to persons of any particular race, religion, nationality or class if the cost of the same is met from the general funds of the University. The seal of the University 6. (1) The common seal of the University shall be such seal as may be approved by the Chancellor on the recommendation of the Board and such seal may in like manner from time to time be broken, changed, altered and made anew. (2) The common seal of the University shall be kept in the custody of the Vice-Chancellor. (3) The common seal of the University shall not be affixed to any instrument except in the presence of (a) The Vice-Chancellor; and (b) one other member of the Board, who shall sign their names to the instrument in token of such presence; and such signature shall be sufficient evidence that such seal was duly and properly affixed and that the same is the lawful seal of the University. (3A) Where the instrument referred to in subsection (3) is the scroll of a degree, diploma, certificate or other academic distinction, the common seal of the University shall be affixed to it in the presence of the Vice-Chancellor and a senior officer authorized by the Vice-Chancellor. 232 231 (4) The seal of the University shall be officially and judicially noticed. (5) Any document or instrument which (if executed by a person not being a body corporate) will not require to be under seal may in like manner be executed by the University provided that such document or instrument shall be executed on behalf of the University by an officer or any person generally or specially authorized by the Board. PART II : THE OFFICERS OF THE UNIVERSITY The Chancellor 7. (1) There shall be a Chancellor who shall be the Head of the University and shall preside when present at any Convocation and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be conferred or imposed upon him by this Constitution or any Statute, Rule or Regulation. (2) The Chancellor shall be appointed by the Yang di-pertuan Agong, on the advice of the Minister, for such period, not exceeding seven years, as may be specified by the Yang di-pertuan Agong. (3) The Chancellor may be writing under his hand addressed to the Yang di-pertuan Agong resign his office, or he may be removed by the Yang di-pertuan Agong. (4) A person shall be eligible for reappointment to the office of Chancellor. The Pro-Chancellors 8. (1) The Chancellor may appoint, on the advice of the Minister, such persons to be Pro-Chancellors as he may consider proper. (2) If for any reason the Chancellor is unable to exercise any of his functions under this Constitution or any Statute, Rules or Regulation, he may authorize any of the Pro-Chancellors to exercise such functions on his behalf. (3) Every Pro-Chancellor shall hold office during the pleasure of the Chancellor. The Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice-Chancellor 9. (1) There shall be a Vice-Chancellor who shall be appointed by the Minister, after consultation with the Board. (2) (Deleted by Act A295). (3) The Vice-Chancellor shall be the chief executive and academic officer of the University. (4) It shall be the duty of the Vice-Chancellor to see that the provisions of this Constitution and the Statutes, Rules and Regulations are observed, and he shall have all such powers as may be necessary for this purpose and, in particular, to ensure that every Authority or committee keeps within its powers or terms of reference. (5) The Vice-Chancellor shall, subject to the provisions of this Constitution, exercise general supervision over the arrangements for instruction, research, finance, administration, welfare and discipline in the University, and may exercise such other powers as may be conferred upon him by this Constitution and any Statute, Rules or Regulation. (6) (Deleted by Act A295). (7) The terms of office and other conditions of service of the Vice-Chancellor shall be determined by the Minister, after consultation with the Board, and shall be binding on the University. (8) There shall be at least one Deputy Vice-Chancellor; the Deputy Vice-Chancellor or Deputy Vice-Chancellors, as the case may be, shall be appointed by the Minister after 233 232 consultation with the Vice-Chancellor, and any fit and proper person may be so appointed either from within or without the University; the terms of office and other conditions of service of a Deputy Vice-Chancellor shall be determined by the Minister after consultation with the Vice-Chancellor, and shall be binding on the University. (9) If for any substantial period the Vice-Chancellor is unable by reason of illness, leave of absence or any other cause to exercise any of the functions of his office, the Deputy Vice-Chancellor or, if there is more than one Deputy Vice-Chancellor, such one of them as may be nominated by the Minister shall exercise such functions; and in the event of the absence or disability of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor or all the Deputy Vice-Chancellors (if there be more than one) the Minister shall make such temporary arrangements as he may think fit for the exercise of such functions. Registrar, Bursar and Librarian 10. (1) There shall be a Registrar, a Bursar and a Librarian, who shall be whole-time officers of the University and shall have such powers and duties as may be prescribed by Statute. (2) The Registrar, the Bursar and the Librarian shall be appointed by the Board on the advice of the Selection Committees. (3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the terms of office and other conditions of appointment of the Registrar, the Bursar and the Librarian shall be determined by the Board. Other officers 11. The University may appoint such other officers or servants as may be prescribed by Statute. PART III : THE UNIVERSITY AUTHORITIES The Authorities 12. (1) The Authorities of the University shall be the Board, the Senate, the Faculties, the Schools, the Centres, the Academies, the Institutes, the Studies Committee, the Selection Committees, the Student Welfare Committee and such other bodies as may be prescribed by Statute as Authorities of the University. (2) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the composition, powers and procedure of the Authorities shall be prescribed by Statute. (3) The provisions of the Second Schedule shall apply to non ex-officio members of an Authority. The Board of Directors 13. The Board of Directors shall consist of (a) a Chairman; (b) the Vice-Chancellor; (c) two persons to represent the Government; (d) one person to represent the community at the place where the University is located; and (e) not more than three persons who because of their knowledge or experience would in the opinion of the Minister be of assistance to the Board, at least one of whom shall be from the private sector. Provisions relating to the Board 234 (1) The appointment of the members of the Board, except the Vice-Chancellor, shall be made by the Minister for a period of three years and upon the expiry of such period the members of the Board shall be eligible for reappointment. (2) The Secretary of the Board, who may or may not be a member of the Board, shall be appointed by the Chairman. (3) The Chairman and three other members of the Board shall constitute a quorum for any meeting of the Board. (4) Members of the Board shall be paid such remuneration or allowance as the Minister may determine. (5) Subject to this Constitution, the Board may determine its own procedure. Temporary exercise of functions of Chairman 15. (1) The Minister may appoint any member of the Board to exercise the functions of the Chairman during any period the Chairman is for any reason unable to exercise his functions or during any period of any vacancy in the office of the Chairman. (2) A member appointed as the Chairman under subsection (1) shall, during the period in which he is exercising the functions of the Chairman, under this section, be deemed to be the Chairman. Powers of the Board 16. (1) The Board shall be the executive body of the University, and may exercise all the powers conferred on the University, save in so far as they are by this Constitution or the Statutes, Rules and Regulations conferred on some other Authority or body or on some officer of the University. (2) No resolution shall be passed by the Board relating to any matter within the powers of the Senate, unless the Senate has first been given the opportunity of recording and transmitting to the Board its opinion thereon. The Senate 17. (1) The Senate shall consist of (a) the Vice-Chancellor, who shall be Chairman; (b) all Deputy Vice-Chancellors; (c) all Deans of the Faculties and all Heads of the Schools, Centres, Academies and Institutes of the University; and (d) not more than twenty professors to be determined by the Vice-Chancellor. (1A) The Vice-Chancellor may from time to time co-opt any other person to be members of the Senate or to attend the meetings of the Senate. (1B) In the absence of the Vice-Chancellor, a Deputy Vice-Chancellor shall preside at any meeting of the Senate. (2) The Senate shall be the academic body of the University and, subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the Statutes, Rules and Regulations, shall have the control and general direction of instruction, research and examination, and the award of degrees, diplomas, certificates and other academic distinctions. (3) In the performance of its duties, functions and responsibilities, the Senate may delegate any of its duties, functions and responsibilities to its members of a committee consisting of its members. The Faculty, School, Centre, Academy, Institute 18. (1) The University shall be divided into such number and names of Faculties, Schools, Centres, Academies and Institutes as may be prescribed by Statute. 235 234 (1A) The University may, upon consultation with the Studies Committee, set up departments or other units or bodies in respect of a Faculty, a School, a Centre, an Academy and an Institute. (2) A Faculty, School, Centre, an Academy and an Institute shall be responsible to the Senate for the organization of instruction in the subject of study within the purview of the Faculty, School, Centre, Academy or Institute, as the case may be, and may exercise such other functions as may be conferred on it by Statute, Rule or Regulation. (3) The Vice-Chancellor shall appoint a Dean in respect of each Faculty and at least one Deputy Dean. The Dean shall be chairman of the Faculty and shall exercise such other functions as may be vested in him by Statute, Rules or Regulation; and if owing to his absence on leave or for any other reason the Dean is unable to perform the duties of his office, it shall be lawful for the Deputy Dean or any other senior officer appointed by the Vice-Chancellor to perform such duties of the Dean for such time as such disability may continue. (4) The Vice-Chancellor shall have power to appoint a person to be head of a School, a Centre, an Academy and an Institute, and such head shall be styled by such title as may be prescribed by Statute, Rules or Regulation; and if owing to absence on leave or for any other reason the head of a School, a Centre, an Academy or an Institute and is unable to perform his duties, the Vice-Chancellor may, except as otherwise provided by Statute, appoint any person to perform such duties for such time as such disability shall continue. (5) A Dean, a Deputy Dean or the head of a School, a Centre, an Academy or an Institute appointed under subsection (3) or (4), as the case may be, shall be appointed for a period not exceeding four years, but shall be eligible for reappointment. (6) Notwithstanding subsection (5), the Vice-Chancellor may, if he deems fit, revoke any appointment made under subsection (3) or (4) at any time during the term of such appointment. The Studies Committee 19. A Studies Committee may be appointed by the Senate for either of the following purposes: (a) to deal with matters pertaining to any Faculty, School, Centre, Academy and Institute; and (b) to consider proposals referred to it by the Senate for the establishment of a new Faculty, School, Centre, Academy and Institute, and in either case to report thereon to such Faculty, School, Centre, Academy or Institute, or to the Senate, as the case may require. The Selection Committee 20. (1) A Selection Committee for purposes of appointment to a Chair shall consist of (a) the Vice-Chancellor, who shall be the chairman; (b) two members of the Board appointed by the Board; (c) the Dean of the Faculty or Head of the School, Centre, Academy or Institute to which the Chair will be allocated; and (d) two members of the Senate appointed by the Senate. (2) Save as provided in subsection (3) the Selection Committee shall be convened and presided by the Vice-Chancellor. 236 235 (3) Whenever it is decided to fill an appointment other than that to a Chair, the Board may, on the recommendation of the Vice-Chancellor, appoint different Selection Committees in respect of different appointments and the Selection Committee convened for that purpose shall be presided by the Deputy Vice-Chancellor, or, in his absence, by a member elected by the members present at the meeting. (4) Where the Deputy Vice-Chancellor is not a member of the Selection Committee, he shall for the purpose of the meeting in which he presides under subsection (3) and the decision made thereat, be deemed to be a member of the Selection Committee. (5) The association of external experts with the making of appointments may be prescribed by Statute. The Student Welfare Committee 21. (1) There shall be established a Student Welfare Committee which shall consist of the Vice-Chancellor and such other persons as may be appointed by the Board. (2) The Student Welfare Committee shall have such powers as may be prescribed by Statute. Guild of Graduates or the Alumni of the University 22. (1) Subject to the approval of the Board, it shall be lawful for not less than thirty graduates of the University to form and establish an association to be known as the Guild of Graduates or the Alumni of the University. (2) The Guild of Graduates or the Alumni of the University shall be governed and administered in accordance with its constitution and rules made by it and no such constitution and rules so made or any amendments thereto shall come into force unless and until approval thereof shall have first been obtained from the Board. (3) Nothing in this section shall be construed as constituting the Guild of Graduates or the Alumni of the University to be an Authority of the University or as conferring any power thereon to elect as its representatives to the Board persons who are for the time being employed by the University as members of its academic and non-academic staff. Term of office of members of Authorities 23. (1) Except as may be prescribed by this Constitution or by any Statute, the term of office of a person elected or appointed to be a member of an Authority, otherwise than ex-officio, shall be three years: Provided that (a) where the person is elected or appointed because he holds an office or is a member of some other Authority or body, he shall cease to be a member of the Authority if before the expiry of his term of office he ceases to hold such office or to be a member of such Authority or body; and (b) a person who retires at the end of his term of office shall be eligible for reelection or reappointment if he is otherwise qualified. (2) Where a person is a member of an Authority ex-officio, a person appointed to act for him shall be a member of the Authority ex-officio so long as he is so acting and is otherwise qualified. (3) The decisions of an Authority shall be valid notwithstanding any vacancy among its members. Meetings 23A. (1) The Authority shall meet as and when required to do so by the chairman of the Authority. 237 236 (2) The chairman shall preside at a meeting of the Authority and in his absence the members of the Authority shall elect one of their number to preside over the meeting. (3) The quorum of a meeting of the Authority, other than the Board, shall be determined by Statute. Majority 24. (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to any Statutes, Rules or Regulations, a question at any meeting of any Authority shall be decided by a majority of the votes of the members present. (2) The chairman and every member shall have and may exercise one vote each, but in the event of an equality of votes, the chairman or the member presiding over that meeting shall have and may exercise a casting vote. PART IV STATUTES, RULES AND REGULATIONS Statutes 25. Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Statutes may be made to deal with any or all of the following matters: (a) the powers and duties of the officers of the University; (b) the composition, powers, duties and procedure of the Authorities of the University; (c) the methods of appointment and the conditions of service of the officers and teachers of the University, except in relation to their discipline; (d) the determination of the degrees, diplomas, certificates and other academic distinctions to be conferred by the University; (e) the conditions of admission and of residence and welfare of students; (f) the management of the library; (g) all other matters which under this Constitution may be regulated by Statute; and (h) matters incidental to or consequential upon any of the matters aforesaid. Procedure on making, amending, or revoking Statutes 26. (1) The Chancellor may, subject to the provisions of this section, make, revoke or amend any Statute. (2) The proposal for the making of any new Statute or the revocation or amendment of any Statute, shall be prepared by the Board. (3) A proposal for a new Statute, or of any amendment to a Statute, dealing with any of the following matters, that is to say: (a) the powers and duties of the Dean of a Faculty or the Head of a School, a Centre, an Academy and an Institute; (b) the composition, powers, duties and procedure of the Senate, a Faculty, a School, a Centre, an Academy, an Institute, a Studies Committee, a Selection Committee or a Student Welfare Committee; (c) the determination of degrees, diplomas, and other academic distinctions to be conferred by the University; (d) the methods of appointment and the conditions of service of teachers; (e) the conditions of residence and the welfare of students; (f) the management of the library; and (g) all other matters within the jurisdiction of all the Senate under this Constitution or any Statute, shall not be submitted to the Chancellor until it has been referred to the Senate and 238 237 the Senate has reported to the Board its observations thereon. (4) (Deleted by Act A946). Rules 27. Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and the Statute, Rules may be made for all or any of the following matters: (a) the principles governing the award of degrees, diplomas, certificates and other academic distinctions; (b) the number and scope of examinations; (c) the appointment, powers, duties, remuneration and conditions of service of examiners and the conduct of examinations; (d) the admission of students to the examinations, degree and diploma courses of the University and to residence in the University; (e) the methods of appointment and the conditions of service of persons in the employment of the University, except in relation to their discipline; (f) the establishment and regulation of pension, superannuation and provident fund schemes for the benefit of the employees of the University or any section of them; (g) the conditions of residence and the welfare of students; (h) the fees to be charged for courses of study, for residence, for admission to examination, for degrees, diplomas, certificates or other academic distinctions and any other fees that may be levied by the University; (i) the management of the lecture halls, library, information resources, laboratories, research institutes, halls of residence, and all branches of University activity not specifically provided for in this Constitution or by Statute; (j) the constitution, powers and duties of any committee or other body not specifically provided for in this Constitution or by Statute; (k) all matters which by this Constitution or any Statute may be prescribed by Rules; and (l) all matters within the powers of the University and not otherwise provided for by this Part of this Constitution. Procedure on making, amending or revoking Rules 28. (1) The Board may, subject to the provisions of this section, make, amend or revoke any Rules. (2) The draft of any Rules dealing with (a) any matter referred to in paragraphs 27(a), (b), (c), (d), (g) and (i); or (b) any matter within the jurisdiction of the Senate, shall be proposed by the Senate; and the Board may approve the draft or refer it back to the Senate with observations or proposals for amendment, and no such Rules shall be made until the Senate has agreed to its terms. Regulations 29. (1) The Board and the Senate may each make regulations for its own procedure. (2) The Board may after consulting the Senate make regulations for the procedure of Selection Committees. (3) The Senate may make regulations for the procedure of a Faculty, a School, a Centre, an Academy, an Institute or Studies Committee, or of any other committee or body subject to the jurisdiction of the Senate. (4) The Senate may make regulations prescribing courses of study or syllabuses of examinations. 239 238 (5) Regulations may be made by any Authority if it is so empowered by this Constitution, Statute or Rules. Publications of Statutes, Rules and Regulations 30. (1) When any new Statute or Rules is made, amended or revoked every such Statute, Rules, amendment or revocation shall be published in the Gazette and in such other manner as the Board may direct. (2) The Statutes, Rules and Regulations of the University as amended from time to time shall be published in book form at such intervals as the Board may direct, and copies shall be made available for purchase at a reasonable price by members of the public. (3) Nothing in this section shall apply to (a) any Rules or Regulation containing only instructions to examiners or invigilators; or (b) any Rules or Regulation which the Board resolves not to publish. Constitution, inconsistencies between the Statutes, etc. 31. In the event of (a) any Statute being inconsistent with the provisions of this Constitution; or (b) any Rules being inconsistent with the provisions of this Constitution or any Statute; or (c) any Regulation being inconsistent with the provisions of this Constitution or any Statute or Rules; then the provisions of the Constitution, Statute or Rules, as the case may be, shall prevail, and such Statute, Rules or Regulations, as the case may be, shall to the extent of the inconsistency be void. PART V FINANCIAL PROVISIONS Standing Finance Committee 32. The Board shall appoint a Standing Finance Committee for regulating and controlling the finances of the University. Preparation of estimates 33. It shall be the duty of such officer or officers of the University as may be prescribed by Statute to prepare for the consideration of the Vice-Chancellor the estimates of income and expenditure of the University for each financial year. Financial year 34. (1) For the purposes of this Part the financial year shall be the calendar year or such other period as the Board may determine. (2) The accounts of the Board shall, as soon as may be, be balanced for the preceding financial year and an annual statement or abstract thereof shall be prepared. (3) The annual statement or abstract referred to in subsection (2) shall be prepared in such form and shall contain such information as the Board may from time to time direct. Annual estimates 35. (1) The Board shall, not less than four months before the end of the financial year, approve detailed estimates of revenue and expenditure of the University for the next financial year and present such estimates, together with the comments of the Board thereon, to the Minister. (2) Before the date fixed for the meeting of the Board for the purpose of approving such estimates the Standing Finance Committee shall prepare draft estimates for submission to the Board, and the copy of such estimates shall be delivered to each member of the Board not less than seven days before the date fixed for such meeting. 240 239 (3) The Board may, subject to subsection (1), in its discretion approve, modify or reject all or any of the items appearing in such draft estimates or refer any item back to the Standing Finance Committee for its consideration or add any item thereto. Supplementary estimates 36. Where additional financial provision is required in any year the Board may from time to time approve supplementary estimates for the purpose of showing the sources from which any additional expenditure incurred by it may be met. No expenditure to be incurred unless included in the estimates 37. (1) The Board shall not incur any expenditure which has not been included in any approved estimates: Provided that subject to the provisions of this Constitution the Board may transfer all or any part of the moneys assigned (a) to one item of annually recurrent expenditure to another item of annually recurrent expenditure; (b) to one item of capital expenditure to another item of capital expenditure. (2) Subsection (1) shall not apply to (a) moneys deposited with the University by any person, wherever by the conditions of such deposit any such sum has become repayable; (b) moneys collected and credited to the Funds of the University in error; (c) moneys payable by the University under any judgment or order of court; (d) moneys expended by the University in instituting or defending legal proceedings; and (e) expenditure arising out of any property or moneys referred to in section 39. Form of estimates 38. The annual and supplementary estimates shall be prepared in such form and shall contain such information as the Board may direct, and shall show in separate parts the annually recurrent expenditure and the capital expenditure of the University. Power of the Board to accept gifts 39. (1) The Board may on behalf of the University accept by way of grant, gift, testamentary disposition, subventions, legacies or otherwise, property and moneys in aid of the finances of the University on such conditions as it may determine. (2) Registers shall be kept of all donations to the University including the names of donors to the University and any special conditions on which any donation may have been given. Property given for specific purposes to be separately accounted for 40. All property, moneys or funds given for any specific purposes shall be applied and administered in accordance with the purposes for which they may have been given and shall be separately accounted for. Form of contracts 41. Any contract involving the expenditure of the University shall be in writing, signed on behalf of the University by any staff, officer or employee of the University duly authorized by the Board, either specially in any particular case or generally for all contracts below a certain value or otherwise as may be specified in the authorization. 42. (Deleted by Act A946). Audit 43. (1) The accounts of the University shall be audited annually by auditors appointed by the Board. 241 240 (2) The audited accounts, with any observation made thereon by the auditors, shall be presented to the Minister. PART VI GENERAL PROVISIONS Convocation 44. (1) A Convocation for the conferment of degrees shall be held annually, or as often as the Chancellor may direct, on such date as may be approved by the Chancellor. (2) In the absence of the Chancellor or of a Pro-Chancellor, authorized for this purpose by the Chancellor, the Vice-Chancellor shall preside over Convocation. (3) (Deleted by Act A946). Appointments of teachers and employees 45. (1) All persons employed or to be employed by the University as teachers, the Registrar, the Bursar or the Librarian, shall be appointed as such by the Board on the advice of the Selection Committee. (2) All persons employed or to be employed by the University other than those mentioned in subsection (1) shall, subject to any Rule or Statute, be appointed by the Board. (3) Every person employed by the University shall hold office on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed by the Board and the terms and conditions to be so prescribed shall be deemed to include a provision (a) in relation to teaching, examining, invigilating and other similar duties, that his employment is subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the provisions of all Statutes, Rules and Regulations as from time to time amended; and (b) in relation to all other terms and conditions of service that his employment is subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the provisions of all Statute, Rules and Regulations in force on the date of the commencement of his employment. (4) Nothing in this section shall prevent the Board from entering into a special contractual arrangement with a person to be so employed by the University if it is in the opinion of the Board expedient so to do. Royal Professors 46. (1) Notwithstanding sections 20 and 45, the Yang di-pertuan Agong may, after consultation with the Chancellor, from time to time appoint persons of exceptional academic distinction to be professors of the University: Provided that the number of persons so appointed shall not at any time exceed three in number. (2) Any person appointed under subsection (1) shall be known as a Royal Professor and (a) shall hold office upon such terms and conditions as the Chancellor with the approval of the Yang di-pertuan Agong may deem appropriate; and (b) subject to the terms of his appointment and to any direction by the Chancellor, shall have all the powers and perform all the duties conferred or imposed upon professors by this Constitution, and any Statute, Rules and Regulation made thereunder. All appointments to be subject to the Universities and University Colleges Act 1971 and any subsidiary legislation thereunder 46A. Notwithstanding sections 45 and 46 or any other provision of this Constitution, every person employed by the University, including professors appointed under section 46, shall hold office subject to the provisions of the Universities and University Colleges 242 241 Act 1971 [Act 30] and any subsidiary legislation made thereunder, including rules made under section 16C thereof, and the terms and conditions of their employment or appointment shall be deemed to include a provision to this effect. Admission of students 47. A student shall not be admitted to the University to a course of study for a degree unless he shall have satisfied such requirements as may be prescribed by Rules: Provided that, except with the agreement of the Minister, students who have been awarded Federal or State scholarships, loans or other similar financial assistance from public funds for University degree courses, shall not be refused admission if they satisfy such requirements. The Students Representative Council 48. (1) The registered students of the University, other than external students, shall together constitute a body to be known as the Students Union of the University (hereinafter in this Constitution referred to as the Union ). (2) The Union shall elect a Students Representative Council (hereinafter in this Constitution referred to as the SRC ) in the following manner: (a) the registered students of each Faculty, School, Centre, Academy and Institute shall elect by secret ballot conducted by the Dean of the Faculty or the Head of the School, Centre, Academy or Institute, as the case may be, such uniform number of registered students of the respective Faculty, School, Centre, Academy and Institute to be representatives in the SRC, as may be determined by the Vice-Chancellor; (b) the registered students as a whole shall elect by secret ballot conducted by any officer appointed by the Vice-Chancellor for that purpose such number of registered students to be representatives to the SRC as may be determined by the Vice-Chancellor, being, in any case, not more than half of the number of representatives elected under paragraph (a). (3) The SRC shall elect from among its members a President, a Vice-President, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be its only office-bearers, unless otherwise authorized in writing by the Vice-Chancellor; the office-bearers so authorized by the Vice-Chancellor shall be elected by the SRC from the members of the SRC. (4) The members of the SRC and its office-bearers shall be elected for one year. (5) The SRC s decision shall be taken by a majority vote with not less than two-thirds of the members being present and voting. (6) The SRC may form from time to time, with the prior approval in writing of the Vice-Chancellor, appoint ad hoc committees from among its members for specific purposes or objects. (7) No student against whom disciplinary proceedings are pending, or who has been found guilty of a disciplinary offence, shall be elected or remain a member of the SRC or an office-bearer of any student body or committee, unless authorized in writing by the Vice-Chancellor. (8) A student who has not yet appeared for his first examination in the University for his course of studies, or who has failed, or did not appear for, the last examination held by the University for his course of studies immediately prior to any proposed election or elections to the SRC or by the SRC or to or by any other student organization or body, shall be disqualified from being elected at such election or elections. 243 242 (9) Nothing in this section shall preclude any graduate, who is registered as a student for a higher degree or a post-graduate diploma, from becoming an associate member of the Union. (10) The objects and functions of the SRC shall be: (a) to foster a spirit of corporate life among the students of the University; (b) to organize and supervise, subject to the direction of the Vice-Chancellor, student welfare facilities in the University including recreational facilities, spiritual and religious activities, and the supply of meals and refreshments; (c) to make representations to the Vice-Chancellor on all matters relating to, or connected with, the living and working conditions of the students of the University; (d) to be represented on any body which may, in accordance with Rules made by the Board for the purpose, be appointed to undertake student welfare activities in the University; and (e) to undertake such other activities as may be determined by the Board from time to time. (11) The Union or the SRC shall not maintain any fund or make any collection of any money or property from any source whatsoever, but such reasonable expenses as the SRC may be authorized in advance in writing by the Vice-Chancellor to incur may be paid by the University where reasonable written claims supported by receipts and vouchers are submitted by the SRC to the Vice-Chancellor and are approved by the Vice-Chancellor. (12) The Treasurer shall keep proper accounts of the SRC and not later than three months after the end of every financial year, being a financial year as specified by the Vice-Chancellor, a copy of the said accounts which shall be audited by a person appointed by the Board shall be submitted by the SRC for approval to the Board. (13) The SRC shall hold meetings from time to time as it may deem necessary and it shall be the duty of the Secretary to keep minutes of every meeting of the SRC and such minutes shall be confirmed at a subsequent meeting. (14) For the purpose of this section registered student means a student who is following a course of study in the University for a degree or a diploma, not being a post-graduate diploma, and includes a student who is a holder of a diploma and is following a course of study for a degree: Provided that a student shall cease to be a registered student within the meaning of this subsection (a) upon the publication of the results of the final examination for such course of study, if he passes such examination; or (b) upon the publication of the results of any examination for such course of study, if he fails such examination, until he is, thereafter, registered again for that or another course of study applicable to a registered student under this subsection. Establishment of other student bodies 49. (1) Notwithstanding section 48, it shall be lawful for not less than ten students of the University with the prior approval of the Board and subject to such terms and conditions as the Board may specify, to establish a student body consisting of students of the University for the promotion of a specific object or interest within the University. (2) Subsections 48(3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (11), (12) and (13) shall apply mutatis mutandis to a student body established under this section as they apply to the SRC. 50. (Deleted by Act A295). 244 243 Acts ultra vires the Constitution of the SRC or a student body 51. (1) If the Union or the SRC or a student body established under section 49 conducts itself in a manner which in the opinion of the Board is detrimental or prejudicial to the well-being or reputation of the University or acts in contravention of the Constitution of the University or its own Constitution, or any Statute, Rules or Regulation of the University, the Board may suspend or dissolve the Union or the SRC or the said student body; as the case may be, and without prejudice to any liability that may arise under any other written law in force, every office bearer of the Union or the SRC or the said student body, shall be liable to dismissal from the University or to any other disciplinary punishment that may be inflicted upon him. (2) Subsection (1) shall be in addition to and not in derogation from section 16 of the Universities and University Colleges Act Powers of delegation 52. (1) Where by the provisions of this Constitution or any Statute, Rules or Regulation any officer or authority is empowered to exercise any power or perform any duty, such officer or authority may by instrument in writing subject to the provisions of this section and to such conditions and restrictions as may be prescribed in such instrument, delegate the exercise of such powers or the performance of such duties to any authority or to any committee or to any person described therein by name or office. (2) A delegation under this section may be revoked at any time by the officer or authority making such delegation. (3) No delegation of any power or duty under this section shall affect the exercise of such power or the performance of such duty by the officer or authority making such delegation. (4) Nothing in this section shall apply to any power to make or approve Statutes, Rules or Regulations. Deprivation of degree, etc., on grounds of misconduct 53. (1) If any member of an Authority, or any graduate of the University, or any person who has received a degree, diploma, certificate or other academic distinction from the University, is convicted by a court of law of any heinous offence whether within or without Malaysia, or is in the opinion of the Board guilty of scandalous conduct, it shall be lawful for the Chancellor, on the recommendation of not less than two-thirds of all the members of the Board (a) to remove him from membership of the Authority; or (b) to deprive him of any degree, diploma or other academic distinction conferred upon him by the University. (2) Scandalous conduct in subsection (1) includes wilfully giving any staff, officer, employee or Authority of the University any information or document which is false or misleading in any material particular in obtaining a degree, diploma, certificate or other academic distinction from the University. Disputes as to elections determined by the Minister 54. If any question arises whether any person has been duly elected, appointed, nominated or co-opted to membership, or is entitled to be or to remain a member of any Authority or other body in the University, the question shall be referred to the Minister, whose decision thereon shall be final. 55. (Deleted by Act A80). NOTE 245 244 [This Schedule has been modified to apply to the following Universities: 1. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia vide P.U.(A)110/1974 and 112/1978; 2. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia vide P.U.(A)230/1976, 231/1976, 118/1978 and 119/1978; 3. Universiti Putra Malaysia vide P.U.(A)410/1976 and 116/1978; 4. University of Malaya vide P.U.(A)110/1978; 5. Universiti Sains Malaysia vide P.U.(A)268/1975 and 114/1978; and 6. Universiti Utara Malaysia vide P.U.(A)348/1986.] SECOND SCHEDULE [Subsection 12(3) of the Constitution] Disqualification 1. The following person shall be disqualified from being appointed or being a member of an Authority of the University: (a) if there has been proved against him, or he has been convicted on, a charge in respect of (i) an offence involving fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude; (ii) an offence under a law relating to corruption; (iii) an offence under this Act; or (iv) any other offence punishable with imprisonment for more than two years; (b) if he becomes a bankrupt; or (c) if he has been found or declared to be of unsound mind or has otherwise become incapable of managing his affairs. Cessation from being a member 2. A member of an Authority shall cease to be a member (a) if he fails to attend three consecutive meetings of the Authority without leave of the chairman of the Authority; or (b) if his appointment is revoked. Resignation 3. A member of the Authority may resign by giving one month s notice in writing to the chairman of the Authority. Filling of vacancies 4. Where any person ceases to be a member of an Authority by reason of the provisions of this Act, another person may be appointed to fill the vacancy for the remainder of the term for which the member was appointed. Allowance 5. Members of the Authority shall be paid such allowance as the Minister may determine. Authority may invite others to meetings 6. (1) The Authority may invite any person to attend a meeting or deliberation of the Authority for the purpose of advising it on any matter under discussion but that person shall not be entitled to vote at the meeting or deliberation. (2) A person invited under subparagraph (1) shall be paid such allowance as the Authority may determine. Minutes 7. (1) The Authority shall cause minutes of all its meetings to be maintained and kept in a proper form. 246 245 (2) Minutes made of meetings of the Authority shall, if duly signed, be admissible in evidence in all legal proceedings without further proof. (3) Every meeting of the Authority in respect of the proceedings of which minutes have been so made shall be deemed to have been duly convened and held and all members thereat to have been duly qualified to act. Disclosure of interest 8. (1) A member of the Authority having, directly or indirectly, by himself or his partner (a) an interest in a company or undertaking with which the Authority proposes to make a contract; or (b) an interest in a contract or matter under discussion by the Authority, shall disclose to the Authority the fact of his interest and its nature. (2) A disclosure under subparagraph (1) shall be recorded in the minutes of the Authority and, unless specifically authorized by the chairman, such member shall take no part in the deliberation or decision of the Authority relating to the contract or matter. Validity of acts and proceedings 9. No act done or proceeding taken under this Constitution shall be questioned on the ground of (a) a vacancy in the membership of, or a defect in the constitution of, the Authority; (b) a contravention by a member of the Authority of paragraph 8; or (c) an omission, a defect or an irregularity not affecting the merit of the case. 247 246 LAWS OF MALAYSIA - PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ACT 1996 (ACT 555) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART I PRELIMINARY Section 1. Short title and commencement 2. Interpretation PART II ADMINISTRATION 3. Appointment of Registrar General, Deputy Registrar General, etc., and their duties 4. Power of Minister to issue general directions 5. Power of Minister to issue special directions PART III ESTABLISHMENT OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 6. Application for approval 7. Other interests to be disclosed by applicant 8. Registrar General to make recommendations to Minister 9. Registrar General may refuse to proceed with application 10. Grant or refusal of application by Minister 11. Approval shall not be granted unless Minister is satisfied 12. Applicant to incorporate company locally Section 13. Similar conditions to be imposed on company 14. Reference to company 15. Approval for change or alteration in respect of company 16. Notification of change in address 17. Information to be supplied to Registrar General upon request 18. Establishment of branch of, or affiliation, etc., with other, private higher educational institutions 19. Prior approval of Minister on arrangement or agreement 20. Minister may vary conditions PART IV ESTABLISHMENT OF A PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION WITH THE STATUS OF A UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE AND BRANCH CAMPUS 21. Establishment of University, University College and branch campus 22. Application for establishment on invitation 23. This Act shall apply to a University, University College or branch campus PART V REGISTRATION OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 24. All private higher educational institutions to be registered 25. Register of private higher educational institutions 26. Certificate of registration to be exhibited 27. Refusal of registration 248 Change of premise 29. Power of Registrar General to add, vary, cancel or alter conditions PART VI MANAGEMENT OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 30. Constitution 31. Appointment and registration of chief executive 32. Regulations on registration of chief executive Section 33. Duty of chief executive 34. Application under Act to be made by chief executive 35. Notice, requirement for information and other communication to be addressed to chief executive 36. Person not eligible to take part in the management of private higher educational institution 37. Power of Registrar General to deal with chief executive PART VII CONDUCT OF COURSES OF STUDY AT PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 38. Prior approval of Minister on course of study and affiliation, etc. 39. Authority to determine adequacy of educational facilities and quality assurance of course of study 40. Grant of approval subject to conditions 41. Medium of instruction 42. Power of Minister to direct that national language be used 43. Compulsory subjects 44. Minimum standard to be met before certificates, diplomas or degrees can be awarded 45. Power of Minister to make regulations for supervision and control of standard of education PART VIII DISCIPLINE AND CONDUCT OF STUDENTS 46. Disciplinary authority in respect of students 47. Prohibition on student, students association, etc., associating with political party, unlawful society, etc. 48. Criminal liability of office-bearers, etc., of students association, etc. 49. Power of Registrar General to issue directions to suspend or dissolve a students association, etc. 50. Regulations on expulsion of students PART IX PERMITS TO TEACH Section 51. Issuance of permit to teach 52. Power of Registrar General to refuse and revoke permit to teach 53. Right to make representations to be given and additional grounds for revocation PART X REVOCATION OF APPROVAL AND CANCELLATION OF REGISTRATION 54. Grounds for revocation of approval 249 Grounds for cancellation of registration 56. Notice to revoke approval and to cancel registration 57. Decision to be based on documents and oral hearing not allowed PART XI CLOSING DOWN OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 58. Power of Minister to give directions to safeguard interest of students 59. Cessation of operation 60. Notice of intention to close down 61. Arrangements for the continuation of education of students 62. Surrender of certificates PART XII INSPECTION OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 63. Inspection to be made from time to time 64. Power of Registrar General when inspecting private higher educational institutions PART XIII ENFORCEMENT AND INVESTIGATION Section 65. Interpretation of investigating officer 66. Power of investigating officer 67. Power to search and seize 68. Search and seize without warrant 69. Power to seal 70. Power to call for examination 71. No entitlement as to costs on proceedings, damages or other relief, etc. PART XIV OFFENCES AND PENALTIES 72. Prohibition on advertisement, etc. 73. Control of advertisement 74. Interpretation of advertisement 75. Offence and penalty relating to false or misleading statement 76. Establishment of private higher educational institutions, etc., prohibited unless in accordance with Act 77. Offence and penalty relating to award of certificate, diploma and degree 78. Penalty for contravening conditions 79. Offence and penalty relating to applications made under Act 80. Offence and penalty relating to unlawful activity 81. Offences and penalties relating to certificates of registration and the act of teaching in private higher educational institutions 82. General penalty 83. Penalty in the case of a continuing offence 84. Offences by bodies corporate 85. Liability of director of company, etc., for offences committed by private higher educational institution established by company 86. Power to compound 87. Institution and conduct of prosecution 250 249 PART XV REGULATIONS Section 88. Power of Minister to make regulations PART XVI GENERAL 89. Distinction of race and creed prohibited 90. Protection against suit and legal proceedings 91. Officers deemed to be public servants 92. Minister s power to exempt 93. Requirement as to premises 94. Service 95. Non-application PART XVII SAVING AND TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS 96. Saving and transitional provisions relating to existing private higher educational institutions 97. Conversion of provisional certificates of registration 98. Power of Minister to make addition 99. Transitional provision relating to teachers An Act to provide for the establishment, registration, management and supervision of, and the control of the quality of education provided by, private higher educational institutions and for matters connected therewith. [Sections 2, 21 & 22 1 October 1996, P.U. (B) 427/1996; The remainder 31 December 1997, P.U. (B) 542/1997] WHEREAS higher education plays an important role in realizing the vision towards academic excellence and professional and technical enhancement whilst meeting the manpower needs of the nation: AND WHEREAS recognizing the role of private higher educational institutions in providing sufficient educational infrastructure as well as increasing the capacity to meet the demand for higher education: AND WHEREAS it is imperative to facilitate and regulate private higher educational institutions so as to ensure its healthy development and the provision of quality education: NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ENACTED by the Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-pertuan Agong with the advice and consent of the Dewan Negara and Dewan Rakyat in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows: PART I PRELIMINARY Short title and commencement 1. This Act may be cited as the Private Higher Educational Institutions Act 1996 and shall come into force on a date to be appointed by the Minister by notification in the Gazette, and the Minister may appoint different dates for different provisions of this Act. Interpretation 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires affiliation includes the conduct of twinning programmes; 251 250 applicant means an applicant for the establishment of a private higher educational institution and includes a person, or a group of persons, corporate or unincorporate, and either or otherwise established through a constituent document; approval means approval in writing; Assistant Registrar means an Assistant Registrar of Private Higher Educational Institutions appointed under subsection 3(2); board of directors means a board of directors of a company establishing a private higher educational institution; book includes a record of information and an account or accounting record, however compiled, recorded or stored; branch campus means a branch of a private higher educational institution with the status of a University or a University College and includes a branch of a foreign University or a University College, that is established under this Act; certificate means the academic distinction awarded on a person after successful completion by the person of a course of study which is designed to lead to the award of such certificate or the equivalent thereof; chief executive means a chief executive of a private higher educational institution; company means a company incorporated under the Companies Act 1965 [Act 125] establishing a private higher educational institution under this Act; constituent documents means the statute, charter, memorandum and articles of association, rules and by-laws, partnership agreement or other instruments under or by which an applicant, except an individual applicant, for the establishment of a private higher educational institution, is established and wherein its governing and administrative structure, the scope of its functions, business, powers and duties are set out, whether in one or more documents; constitution in any context relating to a private higher educational institution means the constitution of the private higher educational institution; correspondence means correspondence delivered by hand or by post; course of study includes a training programme; degree means the degree awarded on a person at a Bachelor level or a Masters level or a Doctorate level after successful completion of a course of study which is designed to lead to the award of such degree or the equivalent thereof; Deputy Registrar means the Deputy Registrar of Private Higher Educational Institutions appointed under subsection 3(2); Deputy Registrar General means the Deputy Registrar General of Private Higher Educational Institutions appointed under subsection 3(2); diploma means the diploma awarded on a person after successful completion of a course of study which is designed to lead to the award of such diploma or the equivalent thereof; distance education means instruction or training on or teaching of higher education (a) exclusively through the medium of electronics; (b) exclusively through correspondence; (c) partly through the medium of electronics and partly through correspondence and other methods of instruction, training or teaching; or 252 251 (d) partly through the medium of electronics and partly through correspondence or other methods of instruction, training or teaching; Education Service means a public service under paragraph (1)(h) of Article 132 of the Federal Constitution; higher education means instruction or training on or teaching of a course of study leading to the award of a certificate, diploma or degree upon the successful completion thereof; national language means the Malay language as stipulated in Article 152 of the Federal Constitution; premises means a building used as a private higher educational institution and includes a building for the purpose of providing accommodation and other facilities for students and staff of such institution; prescribed means prescribed by regulations made under this Act; prescribed fee means the fee required to be prescribed under this Act; private higher educational institution means an educational institution, including a University or a University College or a branch campus, approved and registered under this Act, which is not established or maintained by the Government (a) providing higher education; (b) providing distance education; or (c) providing higher education or distance education in affiliation, association or collaboration with (i) a private higher educational institution approved and registered under this Act; (ii) other higher educational institutions (aa) whether or not established under other written laws; or (bb) whether within or outside Malaysia; (iii) a University or University College established under this Act; (iv) a University or University College established under the Universities and University Colleges Act 1971 [Act 30]; (v) other Universities or University Colleges (aa) whether or not established under other written laws; or (bb) whether within or outside Malaysia; (vi) a branch campus; or (vii) a professional body whether within or outside Malaysia leading to the award of professional membership of such professional body; Registrar means the Registrar of Private Higher Educational Institutions appointed under subsection 3(2); Registrar General means the Registrar General of Private Higher Educational Institutions appointed under subsection 3(1); student means a person receiving education, instruction, training or teaching from or in a private higher educational institution; teacher means a person employed by a private higher educational institution to be a teacher and includes a senior professor, professor, assistant professor, senior lecturer, lecturer, assistant lecturer and tutor; University and University College mean a private higher educational institution conferred with the status of a University or University College under section 21, and include such private higher educational institution which is affiliated to a University or 253 252 University College whether within or outside Malaysia, conferred with the status of a University or a University College. PART II ADMINISTRATION Appointment of Registrar General, Deputy Registrar General, etc., and their duties 3. (1) There shall be a Registrar General of Private Higher Educational Institutions who shall be appointed by the Minister from amongst the officers in the Education Service. (2) The Minister shall also appoint a Deputy Registrar General and such number of Registrars, Deputy Registrars and Assistant Registrars of Private Higher Educational Institutions, as may be considered necessary for the purpose of this Act. (3) The Registrar General shall have the powers and exercise the functions conferred on him by this Act, and in his absence such powers and functions may be had or exercised by the Deputy Registrar General. (4) The Deputy Registrar General, Registrars, Deputy Registrars and Assistant Registrars shall be under the direction and control of the Registrar General. (5) The Deputy Registrar General, Registrars, Deputy Registrars and Assistant Registrars may exercise all the powers and functions conferred on the Registrar General by or under this Act, subject to any restriction that may be imposed by the Registrar General. Power of Minister to issue general directions 4. (1) The Minister may, from time to time, give an officer appointed under this Part directions of a general character, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, as to the exercise of the powers and discretion conferred on and the duties required to be discharged by, the officer under this Act. (2) The directions given under subsection (1) may be in relation to a matter which appears to the Minister to affect the national policies, strategies and guidelines on higher education formulated and determined by the National Council on Higher Education established under the National Council on Higher Education Act 1996 [Act 546]. (3) An officer to whom directions have been given under this section shall give effect to every such direction. Power of Minister to issue special directions 5. The Minister may, from time to time, give a board of directors, a chief executive or an employee of a private higher educational institution directions, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, in relation to matters in respect of which regulations may be made under this Act, and such board of directors, chief executive or employee shall give effect to every such direction. PART III ESTABLISHMENT OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Application for approval 6. (1) The prior approval of the Minister shall be obtained before a private higher educational institution may be established or maintained. (2) An application for an approval under this section shall be made to the Registrar General (a) on the prescribed form and in the prescribed manner; (b) accompanied by the prescribed fee; (c) by submitting together with the application 254 253 (i) a comprehensive plan for the establishment and maintenance of the proposed private higher educational institution; (ii) a copy of the draft of the constitution of the proposed private higher educational institution; and (iii) if the applicant (aa) is a natural person, a report of his financial standing by his bankers; or (bb) is not a natural person (A) a copy of its constituent document, duly verified by a statutory declaration made by an authorized officer of the applicant; and (B) a copy of the latest audited balance sheet, profit and loss account and the reports, if any, of the auditors and the directors of the applicant, if applicable; and (d) such other information, particulars or documents as may be requested by the Registrar General for the purpose of determining the application and the suitability of the applicant. (3) At any time after receiving the application and before it is determined by the Minister, the Registrar General may by written notice require the applicant to provide additional information, particulars or documents. (4) The matters specified under subsection (2) and the requirement under subsection (3) may differ as between different applicants, classes, categories or descriptions of applicants. (5) An application under this section may be withdrawn at any time before it is granted or refused. (6) Where additional information, particulars or documents required under paragraph (2)(d) or subsection (3) is or are not provided by the applicant within the specified time or an thereof, the application (a) shall be deemed to have been withdrawn; and (b) shall not be further proceeded with, without prejudice to a fresh application being made by the applicant. Other interests to be disclosed by applicant 7. Without prejudice to section 6, an applicant shall disclose or furnish in his or its application information in respect of (a) any other approval that has been granted to him or it under this Act; (b) any financial interest whatsoever which he or it has in the business of any other person or company which provides or manages a higher educational institution whether within or outside Malaysia; (c) any interest or right which any other person has in his or its business and in the case of an applicant being a company, any right which any other person has to nominate any director of the company; (d) his or its other business concerns; and (e) any financial interest whatsoever or right which any other person or company has in his or its other business concerns. Registrar General to make recommendations to Minister 8. The Registrar General shall, on an application having been duly made in accordance with sections 6 and 7, and after being provided with all such information, particulars and documents as he may require under those sections (a) take the necessary action to vet the application; (b) approve the constitution; and 255 254 (c) make recommendations to the Minister on whether the approval should be granted or refused and the conditions, if any, to be imposed by the Minister. Registrar General may refuse to proceed with application 9. The Registrar General may refuse to proceed with an application, and may require that the application be appropriately amended or completed and resubmitted or that a fresh application be submitted in its place if (a) the application form as prescribed is not duly completed by reason of any omission or misdescription; (b) the application form contains any error or alteration; or (c) the application does not comply with any other prescribed requirement. Grant or refusal of application by Minister 10. (1) Upon receiving and having considered the recommendation of the Registrar General under section 8, the Minister (a) may grant the approval for the establishment of a private higher educational institution, with or without conditions; or (b) may refuse the application without assigning any reason for such refusal. (2) Where the Minister refuses an application the Registrar General shall notify the applicant in writing of the refusal. (3) The Minister may, in granting an approval under subsection (1), require the applicant to pay the prescribed fee. (4) The decision of the Minister under this section shall be final. Approval shall not be granted unless Minister is satisfied 11. An application for the establishment of a private higher educational institution shall not be approved by the Minister unless he is satisfied that (a) the applicant is capable of providing adequate educational facilities for the establishment of the private higher educational institution; (b) the applicant is capable of providing adequate and efficient management and administration for the proper conduct of the private higher educational institution; (c) adequate measures have been taken to determine and maintain the standards of education provided by the private higher educational institution; (d) there is established a proper system of governance of the private higher educational institution with a constitution that shall be approved by the Registrar General; (e) the applicant is not himself nor is any member or partner thereof a person convicted of an offence involving fraud or dishonesty or an undischarged bankrupt, if the application is made respectively by a person or a body of persons or a firm; and (f) no one who has been convicted of an offence involving fraud or dishonesty or who is an undischarged bankrupt (i) is holding office as director, manager or secretary or other similar office or position, if the application is made by a company; or (ii) is holding office as president, secretary or treasurer or other similar office or position, if the application is made by a society. Applicant to incorporate company locally 12. (1) Upon approval being granted, if the successful applicant is not a locally incorporated company, the applicant shall, within one year from being notified of the approval, incorporate a company locally 256 255 (a) having issued and paid-up capital of an amount, as may be determined by the Minister; (b) subject to such terms and conditions with respect to equity participation and composition of the board of directors, as may be determined by the Minister; and (c) with the sole object of establishing and managing private higher educational institutions stated in the memorandum and articles of association. (2) The prior approval of the Registrar General on the proposed memorandum and articles of association of the company shall be obtained before an application is made for the incorporation of the company. (3) If the applicant fails to incorporate locally a company within the time specified in subsection (1), the approval granted for the establishment of a private higher educational institution shall be deemed to have been withdrawn unless an extension of time is granted by the Registrar General. (4) Notwithstanding paragraph (1)(b), if the applicant is a natural person, he shall at all times (a) have a controlling interest in the company; and (b) hold such percentage of the voting shares in the company as may be determined by the Minister. Similar conditions to be imposed on company 13. Similar conditions as in paragraphs 12(1)(a), (b) and (c) may be imposed on a company to which an approval under this Part is granted. Reference to company 14. For the purposes of sections 15, 16 and 17, a reference to a company shall be a reference to a company to which an approval under this Part is granted and a company established under section 12. Approval for change or alteration in respect of company 15. Unless prior approval from the Registrar General has been obtained, a company shall not change or alter (a) its name; (b) its issued and paid-up capital; (c) its equity participation; (d) the composition of its board of directors; and (e) its memorandum and articles of association. Notification of change in address 16. A company shall notify the Registrar General of any change in its business address, within fourteen days of the change. Information to be supplied to Registrar General upon request 17. It shall be the duty of every company to supply when so requested by the Registrar General, within a period as may be determined by him, particulars (a) of any financial interest whatsoever which any other person has in the business of the company or the right which any other person has to nominate any director of the company; and (b) of any interest or right which the company has in the business of any other person whether relating to education or otherwise. Establishment of branch of, or affiliation, etc., with other, private higher educational institutions 257 (1) The prior approval of the Minister shall be obtained before a private higher educational institution establishes a branch or affiliates, associates or collaborates with other higher educational institutions, whether private or public. (2) An application for an approval under subsection (1) shall be made to the Registrar General (a) on the prescribed form and in the prescribed manner; and (b) accompanied by the prescribed fee. (3) At any time after receiving the application and before it is determined by the Minister, the Registrar General may by written notice require additional information, particulars or documents. (4) Where the additional information, particulars or documents required under subsection (3) is or are not provided within the time specified in the requirement or any extension thereof, the application (a) shall be deemed to have been withdrawn; and (b) shall not be proceeded with, without prejudice to a fresh application being made by the applicant. (5) The Registrar General shall, upon an application having been duly made under this section and after being provided with all the information, particulars and documents he may require under subsection (4) (a) take the necessary action to vet the application; and (b) make recommendation to the Minister whether the application should be granted or refused and the conditions, if any, to be imposed by the Minister. (6) Upon receiving and having considered the recommendation of the Registrar General, the Minister may (a) grant the approval under subsection (1), with or without conditions; or (b) refuse the application without assigning any reason for such refusal. (7) Where the Minister refuses the application, the Registrar General shall notify the applicant in writing of the refusal. (8) The Minister may, in granting an approval under paragraph (6)(a), require the private higher educational institution to pay such amount of fees as may be prescribed. (9) The decision of the Minister under this section shall be final. Prior approval of Minister on arrangement or agreement 19. (1) A private higher educational institution shall not enter into an arrangement or agreement (a) to sell, dispose of or to reconstruct; or (b) to take any action which will affect in any material respect, its business relating to education either by amalgamation or otherwise, unless approved by the Minister. (2) An application for an approval under this section shall be made to the Registrar General (a) on the prescribed form and in the prescribed manner; (b) accompanied by the prescribed fee; and (c) by submitting together with the application (i) a copy of the proposed agreement or arrangement; and (ii) all other information, particulars and documents as may be related directly or indirectly to the agreement or arrangement or relevant to its consideration. 258 257 (3) At any time after receiving an application and before it is determined by the Minister, the Registrar General may by written notice, require additional information, particulars or documents. (4) Where any additional information, particulars or documents required under subsection (3) is or are not provided within the time specified in the requirement or any extension thereof, the application (a) shall be deemed to have been withdrawn; and (b) shall not be further proceeded with, without prejudice to a fresh application being made by the applicant. (5) The Registrar General shall, on an application having been duly made under this section and after being provided with all such information, particulars and documents as he may require under subsection (3) (a) take the necessary action to vet the application; and (b) make recommendation to the Minister whether the application (i) may be approved or refused; and (ii) as to the modifications, variations or conditions, if any, subject to which it may be approved. (6) Upon receiving and having considered the recommendations of the Registrar General, the Minister may (a) approve the application with or without any modification, variation or condition; or (b) refuse the application without assigning any reason for such refusal. (7) Where the Minister refuses the application, the Registrar General shall notify the applicant in writing of the refusal. (8) The Minister may, in granting an approval under paragraph (6)(a), require the private higher educational institution to pay such amount of fees as may be prescribed. (9) The decision of the Minister under this section shall be final. Minister may vary conditions 20. The Minister may at any time (a) vary, cancel, alter or add to any of the conditions under (i) paragraph 10(1)(a); (ii) paragraphs 12(1)(a), (b) and (4)(b); (iii) subsection 18(6); and (iv) subsection 19(6); or (b) impose any new or additional condition under the provisions set out in paragraph (a), as the Minister may deem fit for carrying out the provisions of this Act. PART IV ESTABLISHMENT OF A PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION WITH THE STATUS OF A UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE AND BRANCH CAMPUS Establishment of University, University College and branch campus 21. The prior approval of the Minister shall be obtained for the establishment of a private higher educational institution with the status of a University or University College or a branch campus thereof or a branch campus of a foreign University or University College. Application for establishment on invitation 22. (1) An application for an approval under section 21 may be made to the Minister on his invitation to do so. 259 258 (2) An invitation under subsection (1) may be made to proposed applicants, including to foreign Universities and University Colleges and foreign branch campuses, directly or through announcements in the media or otherwise. This Act shall apply to a University, University College or branch campus. 23. Except as is expressly provided under sections 21 and 22 all provisions of this Act shall apply to a private higher educational institution with the status of a University or University College or a branch campus thereof or a branch campus of a foreign University or University College established under this Part. PART V REGISTRATION OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS All private higher educational institutions to be registered 24. (1) Every private higher educational institution shall be registered under this Part. (2) An application for registration shall be made to the Registrar General (a) within five years from the date of the approval for the establishment of the private higher educational institution granted under Part III; (b) on the prescribed form and in the prescribed manner; (c) accompanied by the prescribed fee; and (d) together with a comprehensive fee structure to be imposed on students with respect to each course of study. (3) If the private higher educational institution is not registered within the time specified in paragraph (2)(a), the approval granted for its establishment under Part III shall be deemed to have been withdrawn unless an extension of time is granted by the Minister. (4) At any time after receiving the application for registration and before it is determined, the Registrar General may by written notice require the private higher educational institution to provide additional information, particulars or documents. (5) The requirement under subsection (4) may differ as between different descriptions of private higher educational institutions. (6) An application for registration may be withdrawn at any time before it is granted or refused. (7) Subject to subsection (3), where additional information, particulars or documents required under subsection (4) is or are not provided within the time specified in the requirement or an extension thereof, the application (a) shall be deemed to have been withdrawn; and (b) shall not be further proceeded with, without prejudice to a fresh application being made by the private higher educational institution. (8) The Registrar General may refuse to proceed with an application, and may require that the application be appropriately amended or completed and resubmitted or that a fresh application be submitted in its place if (a) the application form as prescribed is not duly completed by reason of any omission or misdescription; (b) the application form contains an error or alteration; or (c) the application does not comply with any other prescribed requirement. (9) The Registrar General may, upon an application for registration having been duly made and after such investigation as he may think necessary 260 259 (a) register and issue a certificate of registration to the private higher educational institution upon payment of the prescribed fee; or (b) refuse the application. (10) The Registrar General may impose any condition as he may deem necessary upon registration. (11) A private higher educational institution aggrieved by the decision of the Registrar General (a) refusing the application for registration; or (b) imposing any condition under subsection (10), may appeal to the Minister, within twenty-one days from being notified of the decision appealed against. (12) Where there is an appeal made under subsection (11), the Registrar General shall prepare and submit to the Minister the grounds of his decision. Register of private higher educational institutions 25. (1) The Registrar General shall keep or cause to be kept a register of private higher educational institutions in such form and manner as may be prescribed. (2) The public may make a search on the register upon payment of a prescribed fee. Certificate of registration to be exhibited 26. (1) For the purposes of this Part, a private higher educational institution shall be identified by the premises used for its purpose. (2) A copy of the certificate of registration issued under paragraph 24(9)(a) shall be kept exhibited in a conspicuous part of the premises of the private higher educational institution. Refusal of registration 27. The Registrar General may refuse to register a private higher educational institution if he is satisfied (a) that the private higher educational institution or any part thereof, for reasons of safety and health (i) is unsuitable for use as an educational institution; (ii) has no adequate and satisfactory area for the recreation of the students; (iii) is unsuitably sited; (iv) is unsuitable by reason of danger from fire; or (v) is otherwise a dangerous building; (b) that the private higher educational institution is likely to be used for a purpose of providing education, instruction or training that the Registrar General, for any reason, deems detrimental to the interest of Malaysia, the public or the students; (c) that the name under which the private higher educational institution is to be registered is, in his opinion, undesirable; or (d) that the fee structure proposed for the students is unreasonable. Change of premise 28. (1) A private higher educational institution shall not move premises without the prior approval of the Registrar General. (2) An application for the registration of the new premises of a private higher educational institution shall be made to the Registrar General on the prescribed form, in the prescribed manner and upon payment of the prescribed fee. 261 260 (3) A private higher educational institution contravening subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. Power of Registrar General to add, vary, cancel or alter conditions 29. The Registrar General may, at any time, exercise his discretion (a) to add, vary, cancel or alter any of the conditions of the registration; or (b) to impose new or additional conditions on the registration. PART VI MANAGEMENT OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Constitution 30. (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, every private higher educational institution shall be managed in strict accordance with its constitution. (2) The constitution shall not be amended without the prior approval of the Registrar General. Appointment and registration of chief executive 31. (1) Every private higher educational institution shall appoint a chief executive. (2) A person appointed as a chief executive shall be registered under this Part. (3) The Registrar General may refuse to register or cancel the registration of a chief executive (a) if there has been proved against him, or he has been convicted on, a charge in respect of (i) an offence involving fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude; (ii) an offence under a law relating to corruption; or (iii) any other offence punishable with imprisonment (in itself only or in addition to or in lieu of a fine) for more than two years; (b) if he is or he becomes a bankrupt; (c) if he is of unsound mind or is otherwise incapable of discharging his duties; (d) if he acts in a manner which is detrimental to the interest of Malaysia, the public or the students; or (e) if his appointment under subsection (1) is revoked. Regulations on registration of chief executive 32. Without prejudice to the generality of the powers of the Minister to make regulations, the Minister may make regulations as to the procedure on the registration of the chief executive and may prescribe the fee to be imposed for such registration. Duty of chief executive 33. The chief executive shall, subject to the provisions of this Act and the constitution of the private higher educational institution, exercise general supervision over the arrangements for instruction, administration, day to day affairs, welfare and discipline in the private higher educational institution. Application under Act to be made by chief executive 34. An application relating to and for the purposes of a private higher educational institution shall be made by the chief executive, unless otherwise provided. Notice, requirement for information and other communication to be addressed to chief executive 35. Where 262 261 (a) a notice is required to be served on a private higher educational institution under this Act; (b) any information is required to be furnished by a private higher educational institution under this Act; or (c) any other communication is necessary between the Registrar General and the private higher educational institution, it shall be addressed to the chief executive, unless otherwise provided. Person not eligible to take part in the management of private higher educational institution 36. No person who has been (a) a member of the board of directors of a company establishing; (b) a chief executive of; or (c) directly concerned with the management or business of, a private higher educational institution which has been closed down under Part XI shall act in such similar capacity with respect to another private higher educational institution, without the approval of the Minister. Power of Registrar General to deal with chief executive 37. (1) In addition to the Registrar General s power under subsection 31(3), where a chief executive (a) has been acting or is proposing to act unreasonably with respect to the exercise of the power conferred or the discharge of the duty imposed under this Act; or (b) has failed to discharge the duty imposed upon him under this Act, the Registrar General may, after giving the chief executive an opportunity to make representations (aa) give the chief executive directions in writing as to the exercise of his power or the discharge of his duty as appears to the Registrar General to be expedient; or (bb) cancel the registration of the chief executive. (2) The Registrar General shall give the chief executive written notice of his decision to cancel the registration of the chief executive under paragraph (1)(bb) and the decision shall take effect from the date on which the written notice is served on the chief executive. (3) Where a chief executive is aggrieved by the decision of the Registrar General under paragraph (1)(bb) he may, within twenty one days from the service of such decision, appeal to the Minister. (4) If at any time, for a private higher educational institution, there is no chief executive appointed under this Act the Registrar General may for a temporary period appoint any person to be the chief executive until the private higher educational institution appoints its own chief executive. (5) The temporary period under subsection (4) shall not be more than three months and the person so appointed (a) need not be registered; and (b) shall have his salaries and remuneration paid by the private higher educational institution, in an amount as may be determined by the Registrar General. (6) Where after the temporary period in subsection (4) expires, the private higher educational institution fails to appoint a chief executive, the registration of the private higher educational institution may be cancelled by the Registrar General. PART VII 263 262 CONDUCT OF COURSES OF STUDY AT PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Prior approval of Minister on course of study and affiliation, etc. 38. (1) The prior approval of the Minister shall be obtained before a private higher educational institution (a) may conduct a course of study or training programme; (b) may conduct a course of study or training programme jointly or in affiliation, association or collaboration with any University, University College, higher educational institution, whether public or private, or professional body, within or outside Malaysia. (2) A private higher educational institution which contravenes the provision of this section shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding two hundred thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. Authority to determine adequacy of educational facilities and quality assurance of course of study 39. The Minister shall not grant his approval under section 38 unless he is satisfied (a) with the suitability of arrangements relating to the educational facilities; and (b) with the quality assurance of the courses of study or training programmes, based upon the recommendation of an authority established under a written law for such purpose. Grant of approval subject to conditions 40. (1) When granting approval under this Part, the Minister may impose (a) conditions as he deems fit; and (b) a fee as may be prescribed. (2) Where a private higher educational institution contravenes conditions imposed under subsection (1), it shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. Medium of instruction 41. (1) All private higher educational institutions shall conduct its courses of study in the national language. (2) Courses of study under subsection (1) shall include the subjects required to be taught under section 43. (3) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the private higher educational institution may, with the approval of the Minister (a) conduct a course of study or a substantial part of a course of study in the English language; or (b) conduct the teaching of Islamic religion in Arabic. (4) If any course of study or a substantial part of any course of study in any private higher educational institution is conducted in the English language or Arabic, the national language shall be taught as a compulsory subject for the students following such course of study in such language. (5) In the case of students referred to in subsection (4) who are citizens of Malaysia, an achievement in the national language, at a level determined by the authority referred to in section 39, shall be a prerequisite to the award of a certificate, diploma or degree of the private higher educational institution or of any University, University College, higher educational institution, whether public or private, or professional body, within or outside 264 263 Malaysia, consequent upon a course of study or training programme conducted by the private higher educational institution jointly or in affiliation, association or collaboration with such University, University College, higher educational institution or professional body. Power of Minister to direct that national language be used 42. (1) In respect of an approval granted by the Minister under paragraph 41(3)(a) the Minister may at any time thereafter direct that the national language be used to conduct such course of study. (2) The direction of the Minister under subsection (1) (a) shall only apply to students who are citizens of Malaysia for the new intake of the private higher educational institution who have yet to follow such course of study; and (b) shall not apply to the other students following such course of study unless the Minister is satisfied that they will not be adversely affected. (3) The Minister may impose conditions on a private higher educational institution for the purpose of giving effect to his direction under subsection (1). Compulsory subjects 43. (1) All private higher educational institutions shall teach the following subjects: (a) Malaysian studies; (b) studies relating to the teaching of Islamic religion for students professing the Islamic religion; and (c) moral education for non-muslim students. (2) The subjects mentioned in paragraphs (1)(a) to (c) shall be taught in addition to other subjects or courses of study taught in the private higher educational institutions. (3) In the case of students who are citizens of Malaysia, a pass in the subjects specified in paragraphs (1)(a) to (c), at a level determined by the authority referred to in section 39, shall be a prerequisite to the award of a certificate, diploma or degree of the private higher educational institution or of any University, University College, higher educational institution, whether public or private, or professional body, within or outside Malaysia, consequent upon a course of study or training programme conducted by the private higher educational institution jointly or in affiliation, association or collaboration with such University, University College, higher educational institution or professional body. Minimum standard to be met before certificates, diplomas or degrees can be awarded 44. (1) All certificates, diplomas and degrees shall only be awarded upon satisfying the minimum standards as determined by the authority referred to in section 39. (2) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Act, only a private higher educational institution with the status of a University or a University College or a branch campus may award degrees. Power of Minister to make regulations for supervision and control of standard of education 45. The Minister may make regulations for the supervision, regulation and control of the standard of education in private higher educational institutions in accordance with the minimum standards determined by the authority referred to in section 39. PART VIII DISCIPLINE AND CONDUCT OF STUDENTS Disciplinary authority in respect of students 265 (1) The chief executive shall be responsible for the discipline and conduct of students in the private higher educational institution. (2) In the discharge of his duties under subsection (1), the chief executive shall comply with and give effect to directions issued by the Registrar General from time to time in respect of the discipline and conduct of the students of the private higher educational institution. Prohibition on student, students association, etc., associating with political party, unlawful society, etc. 47. (1) The constitution of a private higher educational institution shall contain prohibitions (a) on a person, while he is a student of a private higher educational institution, becoming a member of, or in any manner associating with, any political party, trade union, society, association, organization, body or group, unless allowed by the Registrar General (i) whether or not it is established under any law; and (ii) whether it is within or outside Malaysia; (b) on any society, association, organization, body or group of students of a private higher educational institution, having any association or other dealing whatsoever with any political party, trade union, society, association, organization, body or group, unless allowed by the Registrar General (i) whether or not it is established under any law; and (ii) whether it is within or outside Malaysia; (c) on a person, while he is a student of a private higher educational institution, and any society, association, organization, body or group of students of a private higher educational institution expressing or doing anything which may be construed as (i) expressing support or sympathy with or opposition to any political party or trade union; or (ii) expressing support or sympathy with any unlawful society, association, organization, body or group. (2) Where at any time the constitution does not contain the provisions under subsection (1), the Registrar General may order the private higher educational institution to include such provision in the constitution. (3) Where the private higher educational institution fails to comply with the order issued by the Registrar General under subsection (2), the Registrar General may cancel its registration. (4) A student who contravenes or fails to comply with the provisions of the constitution required to be provided for in the constitution under subsection (1), shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding one thousand ringgit. (5) A private higher educational institution shall also be liable for an offence under subsection (4) (a) for not observing its constitution; and (b) shall on conviction be liable to a fine not exceeding ten thousand ringgit, unless the private higher educational institution satisfies the court (aa) that the offence was committed without its knowledge or connivance; and (bb) that it had exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence. (6) The conviction of a private higher educational institution under subsection (5) may be a ground for revoking the approval for its establishment. 266 265 (7) For the avoidance of doubt, the society, association, organization, body and group mentioned in paragraph (1)(a) shall not include any students society, association, organization, body and group established under the provision of the constitution of the private higher educational institution regulating such establishment. Criminal liability of office-bearers, etc., of students association, etc. 48. (1) Subsection (2) shall apply where an offence has been committed under any written law (a) whether or not any person has been convicted in respect thereof; or (b) including where such offence has been committed or purports to have been committed in the name or on behalf of, any society, association, organization, body or group of students of a private higher educational institution. (2) Every office-bearer of such society, association, organization, body or group and every person managing or assisting in the management of such society, association, organization, body or group at the time of the commission of such offence (a) shall be deemed to be guilty of such offence; and (b) shall be liable to the punishment prescribed by law, unless he satisfies the court that the offence was committed without his knowledge and that he had exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence. (3) An office-bearer of, or a person managing or assisting in the management of any society, association, organization, body or group referred to in subsection (2) shall be liable to be prosecuted under this section, notwithstanding that he may not have taken part in the commission of the offence. (4) In any prosecution under this section, a document found in the possession of (a) an office-bearer; (b) a person managing or assisting in the management; or (c) a member, of such society, association, organization, body or group shall be prima facie evidence of the contents thereof for the purpose of proving that anything has been done or purports to have been done by or on behalf of such society, association, organization, body or group. Power of Registrar General to issue directions to suspend or dissolve a students association, etc. 49. (1) The Registrar General may direct the chief executive to suspend or dissolve any students society, association, organization, body or group (a) if such society, association, organization, body or group conducts itself in a manner detrimental or prejudicial to (i) the safety and security of Malaysia; (ii) public order; or (iii) the interest of students; or (b) if such society, association, organization, body or group violates any provision of any written law. (2) The Registrar General may not give a direction under subsection (1) until he has considered representations made by the society, association, organization, body or group. (3) The chief executive shall take immediate action to give effect to the directions of the Registrar General under subsection (1), and shall within twenty-one days inform the Registrar 267 266 General of any such action so taken by him. (4) Where a direction of the Registrar General under this section is not complied with, the Registrar General may cancel the registration of the chief executive. Regulations on expulsion of students 50. The Registrar General may prescribe, after consultation with the Minister, regulations for the expulsion of students in certain cases. PART IX PERMITS TO TEACH Issuance of permit to teach 51. (1) A person shall obtain a permit to teach issued by the Registrar General before he may be allowed to teach in any private higher educational institution. (2) An application for a permit to teach under this Act shall be made to the Registrar General on the prescribed form and in the prescribed manner and upon payment of the prescribed fee. (3) At any time after receiving the application for a permit to teach and before it is determined, the Registrar General may by written notice require the applicant to provide additional information, particulars or documents, which may differ as between different subjects to be taught by the applicants. (4) The Registrar General may, after such investigation as he may think necessary on the application for a permit to teach (a) issue a permit to teach in such form as may be prescribed and subject to such conditions as may be specified to the person applying for such permit, upon payment by such person of the prescribed fee; or (b) refuse the application. (5) A permit to teach shall specify the subject or subjects which may be taught by the person to whom it is issued. (6) A person aggrieved by the decision of the Registrar General (a) in refusing the application; or (b) in imposing conditions on the permit, may appeal to the Minister within twenty-one days from being notified of the decision appealed against. Power of Registrar General to refuse and revoke permit to teach 52. (1) The Registrar General may refuse to issue a permit to teach or revoke a permit to teach if he is satisfied that the person applying for such permit or to whom such permit has been issued (a) has no qualification to teach, or has qualifications which in the opinion of the Registrar General are inadequate for the purpose; (b) has made a false or misleading statement in connection with his application for a permit to teach or has intentionally suppressed a material fact; (c) suffers from some physical or mental defect or disease rendering him unsuitable to teach; (d) if there has been proved against him, or he has been convicted on, a charge in respect of (i) an offence involving fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude; (ii) an offence under any law relating to corruption; or 268 267 (iii) any other offence punishable with imprisonment (in itself only or in addition to or in lieu of a fine) for more than two years; or (e) is for any reason not a fit and proper person to teach. (2) Where the Registrar General refuses to issue a permit to teach or revokes the permit to teach, he shall by notice in writing inform the person applying for such permit and the person whose permit is revoked of the refusal or revocation, specifying the grounds of the refusal or revocation. (3) A person aggrieved by a decision of the Registrar General under this section may, within twenty-one days of being notified of such decision, appeal to the Minister. Right to make representations to be given and additional grounds for revocation 53. (1) A permit may be revoked by the Registrar General, after giving the person to whom it was issued the right to make representations. (2) In addition to the grounds specified under paragraphs 52(1)(a) to (e), a permit to teach may be revoked on the following grounds: (a) that the holder of the permit is acting in a manner prejudicial or detrimental to the interest of Malaysia, the public or the student; or (b) any other grounds as the Registrar General deems appropriate. PART X REVOCATION OF APPROVAL AND CANCELLATION OF REGISTRATION Grounds for revocation of approval 54. (1) The Registrar General may, under the direction of the Minister, serve on a private higher educational institution a notice of intention to revoke the approval of such private higher educational institution if the Minister is satisfied that it is expedient so to do on any of the following grounds: (a) that the approval of such private higher educational institution was obtained by any false or misleading statement; (b) that there has been a breach of any condition imposed by the Minister; (c) that the standard of education in such private higher educational institution is not adequately maintained; (d) that the private higher educational institution has been convicted for an offence under this Act or any other written law; or (e) any other reason that the Minister deems proper in the interest of Malaysia, the public or the students. (2) The grounds under paragraphs (1)(a) to (f) shall be in addition to any other ground as may be provided for under any other provision of this Act. Grounds for cancellation of registration 55. (1) The Registrar General may serve on a private higher educational institution a notice of intention to cancel the registration of such private higher educational institution if he is satisfied that it is expedient so to do on any of the following grounds: (a) that the registration of such private higher educational institution was obtained by any false or misleading statement; (b) that there has been a breach of any condition imposed by the Registrar General; (c) that an offence under this Act has been committed; (d) that the private higher educational institution has been convicted for an offence under this Act or any other written law; 269 268 (e) that discipline in such private higher educational institution is not being adequately maintained; (f) that the terms of the constitution of the private higher educational institution are being wilfully disregarded; or (g) that the private higher educational institution has been used contrary to the purpose of its establishment. (2) The grounds under paragraphs (1)(a) to (g) shall be in addition to any other ground as may be provided for under any other provision of this Act. Notice to revoke approval and to cancel registration 56. (1) A notice of intention to revoke the approval under section 54 or to cancel the registration under section 55 shall specify the grounds on which it is proposed to revoke the approval or to cancel the registration. (2) The private higher educational institution shall be given an opportunity to make written representations thereon within twenty one days from the date of service of the notice in subsection (1). (3) After the expiry of the period of twenty-one days mentioned in subsection (2) and after considering any representation made under that subsection, the Registrar General shall (a) with respect to the cancellation of registration, decide whether or not (i) to proceed with the proposed action; (ii) to take no further action; (iii) to add, alter or vary the conditions of the registration; or (iv) to issue a warning; or (b) with respect to the revocation of approval, make such recommendations to the Minister. (4) The decision of the Registrar General under paragraph (3)(a) to cancel the registration of the private higher educational institution shall be with the concurrence of the Minister. Decision to be based on documents and oral hearing not allowed 57. The decision of the Minister and the Registrar General in this Part shall be arrived at on the basis of the documents relating to the matter before them, and there shall be no oral hearing therefor. PART XI CLOSING DOWN OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Power of Minister to give directions to safeguard interest of students 58. (1) Where on his own volition a chief executive informs the Minister or where as a result of an inspection made under Part XII or for any other reason the Minister is of the opinion that a private higher educational institution (a) is unable to meet its obligations to its students; (b) is about to suspend its operations; or (c) is carrying on its activities in a manner detrimental to the interest of Malaysia, the public or the students, the Minister may, without prejudice to the generality of the powers of the Minister to give directions under section 5, for the purpose of safeguarding the interest of Malaysia, the public and the students of the private higher educational institution 270 269 (aa) direct the private higher educational institution in question to take such steps as the Minister considers necessary to rectify any matter or circumstances; (bb) direct that a person or a committee to be appointed or himself appoint a person or a committee to advise the chief executive in the management of the private higher educational institution; or (cc) take such action as the Minister considers necessary in the circumstances of the case to bring the affairs of the private higher educational institution into accord with the provisions of this Act. (2) Every direction of the Minister made under subsection (1) or advice or instruction of a person or a committee appointed under paragraph (1)(bb) shall be binding on the private higher educational institution. (3) All expenses incurred by the person or the committee appointed under paragraph (1)(bb) shall be paid by the private higher educational institution. (4) Where a private higher educational institution fails to comply with any advice or instruction given to it by the person or committee appointed under paragraph (1)(bb), such non-compliance may be a ground for revoking its approval. Cessation of operation 59. A private higher educational institution must cease its operation and terminate its courses of study if (a) the approval for its establishment has been revoked by the Minister; (b) its registration has been cancelled by the Registrar General; (c) the board of directors so decides; (d) the company under which the private higher educational institution is established is wound up (i) by the company s board of directors; or (ii) by an order of the court; or (e) the private higher educational institution needs to be closed down for any other reason. Notice of intention to close down 60. (1) A private higher educational institution which is about to cease its operations except for the reasons specified in paragraphs 59(a) and (b) and subparagraph 59(d)(ii), shall give a notice of its intention to do so at least for a period of one calendar year before its closing down. (2) The notice under subsection (1) shall be (a) given to the Registrar General by the chief executive of the private higher educational institution; (b) served by A.R. registered mail on the students of the private higher educational institution; and (c) published in the newspapers, at least one in the national language and one in any other language. (3) Where the closing down of the private higher educational institution is by reason of paragraphs 59(a) and (b) and subparagraph 59(d)(ii), the private higher educational institution shall within twenty-one days after being notified of the decision of the Minister to revoke its approval, the decision of the Registrar General to cancel its registration or order of the court for the company to wind up, as the case may be 271 270 (a) serve a notice of its closing down to its students by A.R. registered mail; and (b) publish a notice of its closing down in the newspapers, at least one in the national language and one in any other language. (4) Where the closing down of the private higher educational institution is by reason of paragraph 56(e), the chief executive shall request for instructions from the Registrar General with respect to the notification of the closing down. (5) A private higher educational institution which contravenes this section shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year or to both. Arrangements for the continuation of education of students 61. Upon the closing down of a private higher educational institution, the board of directors shall (a) make such arrangements not detrimental or prejudicial to the interest, well being or wishes of the students, as may be necessary, for the continuation of the education of the students of the private higher educational institution; (b) inform the Registrar General of the arrangements made under paragraph (a); (c) obtain the approval of the Registrar General before putting into effect such arrangements, and (d) inform the Registrar General of the conclusion of the arrangements after such arrangements have been finalized. Surrender of certificates 62. Upon the closing down of a private higher educational institution, the chief executive shall surrender to the Registrar General his certificate of registration and the certificate of registration of the private higher educational institution. PART XII INSPECTION OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Inspection to be made from time to time 63. The Registrar General shall, from time to time, inspect or cause to be inspected a private higher educational institution registered under this Act for the purpose of ascertaining that this Act and the regulations made under this Act have been and are being complied with. Power of Registrar General when inspecting private higher educational institutions 64. In carrying out an inspection under section 63, the Registrar General may (a) enter (i) any area including the building or structure thereon which belongs to or are used, whether permanently or otherwise, or whether or not registered for use, by a private higher educational institution; or (ii) any premises; (b) examine such book, register, document, material or other article as he may consider necessary; (c) remove and detain any book, register, document, material or other article (i) which appears to him to be detrimental to the interest of Malaysia, the public or the students; or (ii) which, in his opinion, may furnish evidence of the commission of an offence under this Act; and 272 271 (d) require any person, being a member of the board of directors, a chief executive, an employee, or a student of such private higher educational institution, to produce for his inspection any book, register, document, material or other article which is in that person s possession or custody or under his control or within his power to furnish (i) relating to the management of the private higher educational institution; or (ii) relating to the teaching, carried on in the private higher educational institution. PART XIII ENFORCEMENT AND INVESTIGATION Interpretation of investigating officer 65. In this Part, investigating officer means (a) the Registrar General, Deputy Registrar General, Registrar, Deputy Registrar and Assistant Registrar; (b) a police officer not below the rank of an Inspector; and (c) any other public officer authorized in writing by the Registrar General to perform such duties relating to enforcement and investigation under this Part as may be specified in the authorization. Power of investigating officer 66. (1) An investigating officer shall have all the powers necessary to carry out investigation of an offence under this Act. (2) An investigating officer carrying out an investigation under this Act may enter any place or building and may inspect, make copies of, take extracts from, remove and detain any book, minute book, register, document, material or article. (3) An investigating officer may by notice in writing require any person to produce to him such books, minute books, registers, documents, materials or articles as are in the possession or custody of or under the control of that person or within the power of that person to furnish. (4) A person who (a) fails to produce any book, minute book, register, document, material or article as is required by an investigating officer; or (b) obstructs or hinders an investigating officer while exercising any of his powers under this section, shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year or to both. (5) An investigating officer may grant permission to any person to inspect the books, minute books, registers, documents, materials or articles detained and taken possession of by the investigating officer under subsection (2) if such person is entitled to inspect such books, minute books, registers, documents, materials or articles under this Act. (6) This section shall not be construed as limiting or affecting any similar powers conferred on any person under any other written law. Power to search and seize 67. (1) If it appears to a Magistrate upon written information on oath and after such enquiry as he considers necessary that there is reasonable cause to believe that (a) any premises have been used, are being used or are about to be used for; or 273 272 (b) there is in any premises evidence necessary to establish, the commission of an offence under this Act, the Magistrate may issue a warrant authorizing an investigating officer, at any reasonable time by day or by night and with or without assistance (aa) to enter the premises, if need be by force; and (bb) there to search for and seize, and there from remove any book, minute book, register, material, document, article or any other thing (i) in respect of which an offence has been committed; (ii) in respect of which an offence is suspected to have been committed, or (iii) that is reasonably believed to furnish evidence of the commission of the offence. (2) An investigating officer may (a) break open any outer or inner door of the premises or any fence, enclosure, gate or other obstruction to the premises, in order to effect entry thereinto; (b) remove by force any obstruction to entry, search, seizure or removal as he is empowered to effect under subsection (1); and (c) detain every person found in the premises until it has been searched. Search and seize without warrant 68. If an investigating officer has reasonable cause to believe that by reason of delay in obtaining a search warrant under section 67 (a) the investigation would be adversely affected; (b) the object of the entry is likely to be frustrated; (c) the book, minute book, register, document, material, or any other thing sought may be removed or interfered with; or (d) the evidence sought may be tampered with or destroyed, he may exercise in, and in respect of, the premises all the powers referred to in section 67 in as full and ample a manner as if he were authorized to do so by a warrant issued under that section. Power to seal 69. (1) Where the investigating officer has reasonable cause to believe that any house, building, premise or other place is being used as a private higher educational institution (a) without being approved and registered under this Act; or (b) in contravention of any of the conditions imposed by the Minister or the Registrar General, the investigating officer may forthwith take such steps as he may deem necessary or by any means seal such private higher educational institution. (2) The person using the house, building, premise or place as a private higher educational institution which has been sealed shall (a) within twenty-one days of such seal produce to the Registrar General the certificate of registration of the private higher educational institution; and (b) bear any cost incurred arising out of such action. (3) The seal shall be removed if (a) such person complies with the requirement of subsection (2); or (b) an order of the court is obtained for such person to cease using the house, building, premise or place as a private higher educational institution, whichever is the earlier. (4) The investigating officer acting under this section shall not be liable for any cost arising out of such action or damages to the house, building, premise or place sealed under this section unless such damage was wilfully done. 274 273 (5) Any action taken under this section in respect of any house, building, premise or other place shall not prohibit the prosecution of any person using such house, building, premise or place as a private higher educational institution in contravention of this Act. Power to call for examination 70. (1) An investigating officer may by notice in writing require any person acquainted with the facts and circumstances of a case to appear before him and to be examined orally and shall reduce into writing any statement made by the person so examined. (2) Such person shall be legally bound to answer the questions relating to such case put to him by the investigating officer and to state the truth, whether or not the statement is made wholly or partly in answer to questions, and shall not refuse to answer any question on the ground that it tends to incriminate him. (3) A statement made by any person under this section shall be taken down in writing and signed by the person making it or affixed with his thumb print, as the case may be (a) after it has been read to him; and (b) after he has been given an opportunity to make any correction he may wish. (4) Where the person examined under this section refuses to sign or affix his thumb print on the statement, the investigating officer shall endorse thereon under his hand the fact of such refusal and the reason therefor, if any, stated by the person so examined. (5) Any statement made and recorded under this section shall be admissible as evidence in any proceeding in any court. (6) Any person who (a) fails to appear before an investigating officer as required under subsection (1); (b) refuses to answer any question put to him by an investigating officer under subsection (2): or (c) furnishes to an investigating officer information or a statement that is false or misleading in any material particular, shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year or to both. No entitlement as to costs on proceedings, damages or other relief, etc. 71. No person shall, in any proceedings before any court in respect of the seizure of anything seized or detained in the exercise or the purported exercise of any power conferred under this Part, be entitled to the costs of such proceedings or any damages or other relief, other than an order for the return of such thing seized or detained, or the payment of its value unless such seizure or detention was made without reasonable or probable cause. PART XIV OFFENCES AND PENALTIES Prohibition on advertisement, etc. 72. (1) No person shall promote a private higher educational institution, whether by advertisement, prospectus, brochure or otherwise, unless the establishment of the private higher educational institution has been approved under this Act. (2) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. Control of advertisement 275 (1) If the Registrar General is of the opinion that any statement made in any advertisement in relation to a private higher educational institution is false, deceptive, offensive or misleading the Registrar General may by notice in writing direct such private higher educational institution to do all or any of the following: (a) cease the continued issue of the advertisement; (b) modify the advertisement in such manner as may be specified by the Registrar General; (c) cease the issue of any advertisement which is wholly or substantially, a repetition of such advertisement; (d) take all practical steps to withdraw the advertisement from every and all publication or display of it; or (e) publish a statement in like manner as the advertisement issued earlier to retract or modify such advertisement. (2) The Registrar General may vary, add to, alter, revoke or otherwise amend any direction issued under subsection (1) by a notice in writing to the private higher educational institution concerned. (3) Upon registration of a private higher educational institution under Part V, any advertisement in relation to the private higher educational institution shall bear the registration number of the private higher educational institution. (4) Any person who or private higher educational institution which contravenes the directions of the Registrar General under subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. (5) Any action that is taken by the Registrar General under this section shall not prejudice the power of the Controller, Deputy Controller or Assistant Controller of Trade Descriptions under the Trade Descriptions Act 1972 [Act 87]. Interpretation of advertisement 74. For the purposes of sections 72 and 73, advertisement means any notification or information of the establishment of a private higher educational institution (a) published in any newspaper, journal or magazine or any other form; (b) displayed on any hoarding, boarding, roof, wall, paling, fence, frame, signboard, plate, cloth, bar, pillar, post, wire-casting or other erection, structure or contrivance; (c) conveyed by means of film within the meaning of the Cinematograph Films (Censorship) Act 1952 [Act 35] or by means of broadcast sound receivers or television receivers within the meaning of the Telecommunications (Television Receivers) Regulations 1964 [L.N. 69/1964]; or (d) conveyed by other means, oral or written and whether of the same kind or not as set out in paragraphs (a) to (c). Offence and penalty relating to false or misleading statement 75. Any person who makes a false or misleading statement in promoting a private higher educational institution shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. Establishment of private higher educational institutions, etc., prohibited unless in accordance with Act 76. (1) No person shall 276 275 (a) establish, form, promote or carry on any activity for the purpose of establishing, forming, or promoting or towards the establishment, formation or promotion of a private higher educational institution; (b) operate, manage or maintain any class for the teaching and learning of higher education in a private higher educational institution; or (c) establish, form, promote, operate, manage or maintain a private higher educational institution by the use of the word University, University College or branch campus, except in accordance with the provisions of this Act. (2) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding two hundred thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. Offence and penalty relating to award of certificate, diploma and degree 77. A private higher educational institution which conducts any course of study or training programme for which a certificate, diploma or degree is awarded contrary to the provisions of section 44, shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding two hundred thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. Penalty for contravening conditions 78. Any private higher educational institution contravening any condition imposed on the approval for its establishment and its registration, shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both. Offence and penalty relating to applications made under Act 79. Any (a) applicant who, on making an application for the approval for the establishment of a private higher educational institution; or (b) private higher educational institution which, on making any application, under this Act, makes any statement which he or it knows to be false, or does not believe to be true, or intentionally suppresses any material fact, or furnishes any information which is misleading shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding two hundred thousand ringgit or to an imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. Offence and penalty relating to unlawful activity 80. Any (a) person who, being the owner or occupier of any house, building, premise or place, has failed to take all reasonable steps to prevent the same from being used as a private higher educational institution in contravention of this Act; or (b) private higher educational institution which is used (i) for any unlawful activity or purpose; or (ii) for any activity or purpose of an unlawful organization, society or other body of persons, shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding two hundred thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. Offences and penalties relating to certificates of registration and the act of teaching in private higher educational institutions 81. (1) Where 277 276 (a) a private higher educational institution fails to cause a copy of the certificate of registration of such private higher educational institution to be exhibited in accordance with the provisions of subsection 26(2); (b) upon the closing down of a private higher educational institution, the chief executive fails to surrender to the Registrar General his certificate of registration and the certificate of registration of the private higher educational institution; (c) any person is working or is a teacher in a private higher educational institution which is not approved and registered under this Act; (d) the chief executive of a private higher educational institution is not registered under this Act; (e) a person teaches in a private higher educational institution without a permit to teach; or (f) a private higher educational institution employs a chief executive who is not registered under this Act or a teacher to whom a teaching permit is not issued, such private higher educational institution or chief executive or person shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding ten thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one month or to both. (2) In the case of an offence under paragraphs (1)(c) to (f), it shall be a defence for a person or a chief executive or a private higher educational institution if he or it proves that having taken all reasonable precautions against committing such an offence that (a) the person or chief executive officer did not know or have any reasonable ground to suspect that such private higher educational institution was not approved or registered; (b) the private higher educational institution did not know or have any reasonable ground to suspect that (i) such chief executive was not so registered; or (ii) such person does not have a permit to teach. General penalty 82. A person who is guilty of an offence under this Act in respect of which no penalty is expressly provided shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding five thousand ringgit. Penalty in the case of continuing offence 83. A person who is guilty of an offence under this Act shall, in the case of a continuing offence, be liable, in addition to any other penalty to which he is liable under this Act in respect of such offence, to a daily fine not exceeding five hundred ringgit for each day the offence continues after conviction. Offences by bodies corporate 84. Where a body corporate is guilty of an offence under this Act (a) any person who, at the time of the commission of such offence, is a director, manager, secretary, or other similar officer of such body corporate, may be charged severally or jointly in the same proceedings with the body corporate; and (b) every such director, manager, secretary or other similar officer of such body corporate who was, in any way, by act or omission directly or indirectly, concerned in, or party to, the commission of the offence shall be deemed to be guilty of that offence, unless he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or connivance or that he took all reasonable precautions or that he had exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence. 278 277 Liability of director of company, etc., for offences committed by private higher educational institution established by company 85. (1) Where an offence against any provision of this Act has been committed by a private higher educational institution or any person who at the time of the commission of the offence was (a) a member of the board of directors; (b) a manager; (c) a secretary; (d) holding an office or position similar to that of a manager or secretary of the company establishing such private higher educational institution; (e) a chief executive; (f) a clerk; (g) a servant; or (h) an agent, of the private higher educational institution shall be deemed to be guilty of that offence. (2) It shall be a defence for any person prosecuted pursuant to subsection (1) if he proves (a) that the offence was committed without his knowledge or connivance; or (b) that he (i) took all reasonable precaution; and (ii) exercised all due diligence, to prevent the commission of the offence as he ought to have taken and exercised, having regard to the nature of his functions in that capacity and to all the circumstances. (3) A private higher educational institution liable under this Act to any punishment or penalty for any act or omission shall be liable to the same punishment or penalty for any such act or omission by (a) an agent acting on its behalf; or (b) a clerk or servant acting in the course of its employment. (4) A partner, agent, clerk or servant or the clerk or servant of that partner or agent shall not be relieved from liability to prosecution under this section. Power to compound 86. (1) The Registrar General may, with the consent in writing of the Public Prosecutor, compound any offence committed by any private higher educational institution or person under this Act or the regulations made under this Act, which is prescribed to be a compoundable offence. (2) A written offer shall be made to the person to compound the offence upon payment to the Registrar General of such sum of money as may be so specified, which shall not be more than fifty per centum of the maximum fine to which the person would have been liable if he had been convicted of the offence, within such time as may be specified in the offer. (3) An offer under subsection (2) may be made at any time after the offence has been committed, but before any prosecution for it has been instituted. (4) Where an offence has been compounded (a) no further proceeding shall be taken and no prosecution shall be instituted against such person to whom the offer to compound was made; and 279 278 (b) any goods, books, minute books, registers, documents, materials or other articles seized in connection with the offence, may be released subject to such conditions as may be imposed in accordance with the condition of the compound. (5) Any money received by the Registrar General under this section shall be paid into and form part of the Federal Consolidated Fund. (6) Where the amount specified in the offer to compound is not paid within the time specified in the offer, or within such extended period as the Registrar General may grant, prosecution for the offence may be instituted at any time thereafter against the person to whom the offer was made. Institution and conduct of prosecution 87. (1) Subject to subsection (3), the Registrar General, Deputy Registrar General, Registrar, Deputy Registrar, Assistant Registrar or a police officer not below the rank of Inspector shall have the authority to appear in court (a) for the conduct of any prosecution in respect of an offence under this Act; or (b) for the purposes of any other legal proceeding under this Act. (2) In the case of a Deputy Registrar General, a Registrar, a Deputy Registrar or an Assistant Registrar, such authority shall be subject to the approval of the Registrar General. (3) Prosecution in respect of any offence under this Act shall not be instituted or conducted without the written consent of the Public Prosecutor. PART XV REGULATIONS Power of Minister to make regulations 88. (1) Without prejudice to his power to make regulations under any other provision of this Act, the Minister may make regulations for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this Act. (2) Without prejudice to the generality of the power conferred in subsection (1), the Minister may make regulations for or in respect of all or any of the following matters: (a) the forms to be used and the information to be furnished in any application or for other purposes under this Act; (b) the procedure to be followed and the fee deemed proper to be prescribed in respect of any application under this Act or in respect of any certificate, permit or any other document issued under this Act; (c) the form in which a register or other records shall be kept or maintained under this Act, entries to be made therein, provision for the inspection and taking extracts therefrom and the supply of copies thereof and the fee to be paid for such inspection, extracts and copies respectively; (d) the conduct of courses of study; (e) the procedure to be followed for the endorsement, alteration or amendment of certificates of registration, permits to teach or any other document issued under this Act and the replacement of such certificate, permit or other document which is lost or defaced; (f) the educational facilities to be provided by a private higher educational institution; (g) the provision of distance education; (h) the standards of health and security and uses to which premises of private higher educational institutions shall conform, and prescribing different standards and uses for 280 279 such descriptions of private higher educational institution as may be specified in the regulations; (i) the other compulsory subjects to be taught other than those specified under sections 42 and 43; (j) the procedure to be followed in respect of appeals made to the Minister from decisions of the Registrar General; (k) the records to be kept by the private higher educational institution and the returns to be made including financial records and returns; (l) the determination of fee to be imposed on students by the private higher educational institution; (m) the fee required to be prescribed under this Act other than those referred to in paragraphs (b) and (c); (n) the manner in which an affiliation, association or collaboration between private higher educational institutions may be carried out; (o) the prescribing of offences that may be compounded; (p) any other matter required to be prescribed under this Act; and (q) any other matter which the Minister deems expedient or necessary for the purposes of this Act. (3) Regulations made under this section may provide that the contravention of any provision in the regulations shall be an offence and that the offence is punishable, on conviction, with a fine or a term of imprisonment or both but may not provide for the fine to exceed ten thousand ringgit or the term of imprisonment to exceed one month. PART XVI GENERAL Distinction of race and creed prohibited 89. (1) Subject to the provision of Article 153 of the Federal Constitution, membership of a private higher educational institution, whether as an officer, teacher or student, shall be open to all persons irrespective of sex, race, religion, nationality or class. (2) No test of religious belief or profession shall be adopted or imposed in order to entitle any person to be admitted to such membership or to be awarded any degree, diploma or certificate nor shall any fellowship, scholarship, exhibition, bursary, medal, prize, other distinction or award be limited to persons of any particular race, religion, nationality or class. Protection against suit and legal proceedings 90. No action shall lie or prosecution shall be brought, instituted or maintained against the Government, Minister, Registrar General, Deputy Registrar General, Registrar, Deputy Registrar or Assistant Registrar or against any officer of the Government or any person acting under the direction of the Minister or the Registrar General, in any court for any thing done or omitted to be done under this Act (a) in good faith; (b) in the reasonable belief that it was necessary for the purpose intended to be served thereby; or (c) for carrying into effect the provisions of this Act. Officers deemed to be public servants 91. Every person appointed, or lawfully exercising the powers of a person appointed under this Act, shall be deemed to be a public servant within the meaning of the Penal Code [Act 574]. 281 280 Minister s power to exempt 92. (1) The Minister may, if he considers it desirable and in the interest of a private higher educational institution or in the interest of the students or the public, by order published in the Gazette, exempt the private higher educational institution from any provision of this Act. (2) The exemption granted under subsection (1) shall be subject to such conditions as the Minister may specify in the order. (3) The power of exemption under subsection (1) shall not include the provisions as to the approval for the establishment of a private higher educational institution and the registration thereof, and the provisions of sections 38 and 39. (4) The Minister may, at any time, use his discretion to revoke an exemption under this section or alter or add to conditions attached to the exemption. Requirement as to premises 93. (1) The member of the board of directors, chief executive or any person responsible for the management of a private higher educational institution shall ensure that at all times, the premises of a private higher educational institution conform to such standards as may be prescribed under this Act. (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), if the Minister is satisfied with respect to any private higher educational institution that having regard to (a) the nature of its site; (b) any existing buildings thereon; or (c) other special circumstances affecting its premises, it would be unreasonable in that case to require conformity with the requirements of the regulations in any particular respect, he may direct that the premises shall be deemed to conform to the prescribed standards if instead of conforming to the requirements of the regulations in that respect the premises conform to such other requirements as may be specified in the direction. Service 94. (1) Any notice, order, document or other communication required to be given or served under this Act on a private higher educational institution may, unless some other form of service is prescribed, be sent by registered post. (2) It shall then be deemed that the notice, order, document or such communication has been served on the day succeeding the day on which it would have been received in the ordinary course of such posting. (3) Where the person to whom there has been addressed a registered letter under subsection (1) is informed of the fact that there is a registered letter awaiting him at a post office and he refuses or neglects to take delivery of the registered letter, such notice, order, document or communication shall be deemed to have been served upon him on the date upon which he was informed. Non-application 95. This Act shall not apply to (a) an educational institution established by the Minister under or deemed to have been established under the Education Act 1996 [Act 550]; (b) an institution established under the Institute Technology MARA Act 1976 [Act 173]; (c) a University or University College established under the Universities and University Colleges Act 1971; or 282 281 (d) an educational institution established under any other written law. PART XVII SAVING AND TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS Saving and transitional provisions relating to existing private higher educational institutions 96. (1) The Essential (Higher Educational Institutions) Regulations 1969 [P.U. (A) 234/1969] is repealed. (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), all private higher educational institutions (a) established under the Essential (Higher Educational Institutions) Regulations 1969; or (b) registered or deemed to have been registered under the Education Act 1996, shall, on the date of coming into force of this Act, be deemed to have been approved, established and registered under this Act. (3) The conditions imposed on the private higher educational institutions referred to in paragraphs (2)(a) and (b), prior to the coming into force of this Act, shall continue to remain in force until varied or revoked by the Minister. (4) The provisions of this Act shall apply to such private higher educational institution as if such private higher educational institution was approved, established and registered under this Act. Conversion of provisional certificates of registration 97. (1) A provisional certificate of registration issued or deemed to have been issued to a private higher educational institution under the Education Act 1996, shall be converted to and deemed to be a certificate of registration issued under this Act. (2) In addition to a condition that may be imposed under any provision of this Act, the private higher educational institution shall also comply with any other condition as the Registrar General may, from time to time, impose. Power of Minister to make additional transitional provisions 98. (1) The Minister may, by rules, make such provision as he considers necessary or expedient for the purpose of removing any difficulties occasioned by the application of this Act on private higher educational institutions (a) established under the Essential (Higher Educational Institutions) Regulations 1969; (b) registered or deemed to have been registered under the Education Act 1996; and (c) to which provisional certificates of registration have been issued or are deemed to have been issued under the Education Act (2) The power of the Minister under subsection (1) shall include power to make such modifications so as to give effect to the provisions of this Act. Transitional provision relating to teachers 99. (1) A person who, on the date of coming into force of this Act, is in the employment of a private higher educational institution as a teacher whether on a full time or part time basis (a) who has been registered as a teacher or is deemed to have been registered under the Education Act 1996 shall, within one month from the date of coming into force of this Act; or (b) who has been issued or is deemed to have been issued with a permit to teach under the Education Act 1996 shall (i) within one month before the expiry of such permit; or 283 282 (ii) within one month from the date of coming into force of this Act, whichever is the later, apply for a permit to teach under Part IX of this Act. (2) Pending the determination of the application for a permit to teach referred to under subsection (1), such person may continue to teach in the private higher educational institution and shall in those circumstances be deemed to be lawfully teaching. (3) The acknowledgement letter, issued by the Registrar General in respect of an application for a permit to teach under this section, shall be sufficient proof of the making of such application. LAWS OF MALAYSIA Act 555 PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ACT 1996 LIST OF AMENDMENTS Amending law Short title In force from Act A1202 Private Higher Educational Institutions (Amendment) Act 2003 LAWS OF MALAYSIA Act 555 PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ACT 1996 LIST OF SECTIONS AMENDED Section Amending authority In force from 2 Act A Act A Act A Act A Act A 284 283 LAWS OF MALAYSIA DEGREES AND DIPLOMAS ACT 1962 (ACT 379) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS Section 1. Short title 2. Corresponding degrees and diplomas An Act to make degrees or diplomas of the University of Malaya or the University of Singapore equivalent, for the purposes of existing written law, to the corresponding degrees or diplomas of the former University of Malaya. [1 January 1962] BE IT ENACTED by the Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-pertuan Agong with the advice and consent of the Dewan Negara and Dewan Rakyat in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows: Short title 1. This Act may be cited as the Degrees and Diplomas Act Corresponding degrees and diplomas 2. (1) Where the possession of any degree or diploma of the former University of Malaya confers any qualification or right under any written law passed or made before the year 1962, the like qualification or right under that law shall be conferred by possession of the corresponding degree or diploma of the present University of Malaya or of the University of Singapore. (2) In this Act the former University of Malaya means the University established and incorporated under the University of Malaya Ordinance 1949 [Ord. 17 of 1949], and the present University of Malaya means the University of Malaya established and incorporated under the University of Malaya Act 1961 [Act 44 of 1961]. 285 284 LAWS OF MALAYSIA GOVERNMENT PROCEEDINGS ACT 1956 (ACT 359) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART I PRELIMINARY Section 1. Short title and application 2. Interpretation PART II SUBSTANTIVE LAW 3. Right of the Government to sue 4. Claims enforceable by proceedings against Government 5. Liability of the Government in tort 6. Limits of liability of the Government 7. Savings of acts done in exercise of public duties 8. Public nuisances 9. Public, religious, social or charitable trusts 10. Priority of Government debts 11. Sureties to be sued as principals 12. Provisions as to industrial property 13. Application of law as to indemnity, contribution and contributory negligence 14. Provisions relating to the armed forces 15. Saving in respect of acts done under prerogative and statutory powers 16. Civil proceedings in the High Court Sessions Court 17. Civil proceedings in the Sessions Court General 18. Application of written law relating to procedure 19. Summary application to the High Court in certain revenue matters 20. Interpleader 21. Parties to proceedings by and against the Federal Government 22. Parties to proceedings by and against a State Government 23. Suits in the name of deceased persons 24. Appearance of law officers 25. Appearance of public officers 26. Service of documents 27. Removal of proceedings in the High Court or Subordinate Courts 28. Removal and transfer of proceedings 29. Nature of relief 30. Appeals and stay of execution PART IV COSTS, JUDGMENTS AND EXECUTION 31. Costs 32. Interest on debts, damages and costs 33. Satisfaction of orders against the Government 34. Execution by the Government 35. Attachment of moneys payable by the Government PART V 286 285 MISCELLANEOUS AND SUPPLEMENTAL Miscellaneous 36. Discovery 37. Exclusion of proceedings in rem against the Government 38. Limitation of actions 39. Application to the Government of certain statutory provisions 40. (Omitted) 41. Proceedings in courts other than the High Court and Sessions Court Supplemental 42. Rules of court 43. Pending proceedings 44. Financial provisions 45. Savings 46. (Omitted) LAWS OF MALAYSIA Act 359 GOVERNMENT PROCEEDINGS ACT 1956 An Act relating to proceedings by and against the Federal Government and the Governments of the States. [Peninsular Malaysia 1 April 1958, L.N. 107/1958; Sabah and Sarawak 25 February 1965, L.N. 67/1965] PART I PRELIMINARY Short title and application 1. (1) This Act may be cited as the Government Proceedings Act 1956 and shall have effect throughout Malaysia. (2) (Omitted). Interpretation 2. (1) Any reference in this Act shall, unless the context otherwise requires, include a reference to rules of court made for the purposes of this Act. (2) In this Act, except in so far as the context otherwise requires or it is otherwise expressly provided civil proceedings means any proceeding whatsoever of a civil nature before a court and includes proceedings for the recovery of fines and penalties and an application at any stage of a proceeding, but does not include proceedings under Chapter VIII of the Specific Relief Act 1950 [Act 137], or such proceedings as would in England be brought on the Crown side of the Queen s Bench Division; Government includes the Federal Government and the Governments of the States; High Court means the High Court in Malaya and the High Court in Borneo or either of them, as the case may require; Land law means the National Land Code [Act 56 of 1965] and the corresponding law in force in any State; law officer means the Attorney General and the Solicitor General and, in respect of proceedings by or against the Government of a State or to which a State officer is a party, includes the Legal Adviser of such State, and, in the case of the States of Sabah and Sarawak, the State Attorney General; * Legal Adviser means the Legal Adviser of a State; legal officer includes a law officer, the Parliamentary Draftsman and a Federal Counsel, and, in the case of the States of Sabah and Sarawak, a law officer and a legally 287 286 qualified member of the Federal or State Attorney General s Chambers, authorized by a law officer in accordance with section 24; officer, in relation to a Government, includes a person in the permanent or temporary employment of such Government and accordingly (but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing) includes a Minister of such Government; order includes a judgment, decree, rule, award or declaration; prescribed means prescribed by or under rules of court made for the purposes of this Act; proceedings against the Government includes a claim by way of set-off or counterclaim in proceedings by such Government; statutory duty means any duty imposed by any written law; State land has the meaning assigned to it in the Land law; subordinate Court means a Sessions Court and any Magistrate s Court. (3) Any reference in Part IV or V to civil proceedings by or against the Government, or to civil proceedings to which the Government is a party, shall be construed as including a reference to civil proceedings to which any officer of a Government as such is a party: Provided that the Federal Government shall not for the purposes of Parts IV and V be deemed to be a party to any proceedings by reason only that they are brought by the Attorney General upon the relation of some other person. PART II SUBSTANTIVE LAW Right of the Government to sue 3. Subject to this Act and of any written law where the Government has a claim against any person which would, if such claim had arisen between subject and subject, afford ground for civil proceedings, the claim may be enforced by proceedings taken by or on behalf of the Government for that purpose in accordance with this Act. Claims enforceable by proceedings against Government 4. Subject to this Act and of any written law, any claim against the Government which (a) is founded on the use or occupation or the right to the use or occupation of State land; or (b) arises out of the revenue laws; or (c) arises out of any contract made by the authority of the Government which would, if such claim had arisen between subject and subject, afford ground for civil proceedings; or (d) is a claim (other than a claim in tort) for damages or compensation not included in the preceding paragraphs which might lawfully be enforced by civil proceedings as between subject and subject, shall be enforceable by proceedings against the Government for that purpose in accordance with this Act. Liability of the Government in tort 5. Subject to this Act, the Government shall be liable for any wrongful act done or any neglect or default committed by any public officer in the same manner and to the same extent as that in which a principal, being a private person, is liable for any wrongful act done, or any neglect or default committed by his agent, and for the purposes of this section and without prejudice to the generality thereof, any public officer acting or purporting in good faith to be acting in pursuance of a duty imposed by law shall be deemed to be the agent of and to be acting under the instructions of the Government. Limits of liability of the Government 288 (1) No proceedings shall lie against the Government by virtue of section 5 in respect of any act, neglect or default of any public officer, unless proceedings for damages in respect of such act, neglect or default would have lain against such officer personally. (2) Any written law which negatives or limits the amount of the liability of any public officer in respect of any act, neglect or default committed by that officer shall, in the case of proceedings against the Government under section 5 in respect of such act, neglect or default of such officer, apply in relation to the Government as it would have applied in relation to such officer if the proceedings against the Government had been proceedings against such officer. (3) No proceedings shall lie against the Government by virtue of section 5 in respect of anything done or omitted to be done by any person while discharging or purporting to discharge any responsibilities of a judicial nature vested in him, or any responsibilities which he has in connection with the execution of judicial process. (4) No proceedings shall lie against the Government by virtue of section 5 in respect of any act, neglect or default of any public officer, unless that officer was at the material time employed by the Government and paid in respect of his duties as an officer of the Government wholly out of the revenues of the Government, or any fund certified by the appropriate financial officer for the purposes of this subsection or was at the material time holding an office in respect of which the appropriate financial officer certifies that the holder thereof would normally be so paid. (5) For the purposes of subsection (4) the expression appropriate financial officer means, in respect of the Federal Government, the Minister of Finance, and in respect of the Government of a State, the State Financial Officer, and, in the case of the States of Sabah and Sarawak, the State Minister responsible for finance. Savings of acts done in exercise of public duties 7. (1) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Act to the contrary no proceedings, other than proceedings for breach of contract, shall lie against the Government on account of anything done or omitted to be done or refused to be done by the Government or any public officer in exercise of the public duties of the Government. (2) For the purposes of subsection (1) the expression exercise of the public duties includes (a) the construction, maintenance, diversion and abandonment of railways, roads, bridle-paths or bridges; (b) the construction, maintenance and abandonment of schools, hospitals or other public buildings; (c) the construction, maintenance and abandonment of drainage, flood prevention and reclamation works; and (d) the maintenance, diversion and abandonment of the channels of rivers and waterways. (3) Nothing in this section shall prevent the bringing of any suit for damages or compensation arising out of negligence or trespass in the execution of any works of construction or maintenance undertaken by the Government in the exercise of the said public duties. (4) Nothing in this Act shall subject the Government, in its capacity as a highway authority, to any greater liability than that to which a local authority is subject in that capacity. Public nuisances 289 (1) In the case of a public nuisance the Attorney General, or two or more persons having obtained the consent in writing of the Attorney General, may institute a suit, though no special damage has been caused, for a declaration and injunction or for such other relief as may be appropriate to the circumstances of the case. (2) Nothing in this section shall be deemed to limit or otherwise affect any right of suit which may exist independently of its provisions. *(3) The powers of the Attorney General under this section shall, subject to any directions of the Attorney General, be exercisable by the State Attorney General. Public, religious, social or charitable trusts 9. (1) In the case of any alleged breach of any express or constructive trust for public, religious, social or charitable purposes, or where the direction of the court is deemed necessary for the administration of any such trust, the Attorney General or two or more persons having an interest in the trust and having obtained the consent in writing of the Attorney General, may institute a suit or be joined as a party in any existing suit on behalf of the Government or the public for the purpose of (a) asserting any interest or right in the trust property; (b) removing any trustee; (c) appointing a new trustee; (d) vesting any property in a trustee; (e) directing accounts and inquiries; (f) declaring what proportion of the trust property or of the interest therein shall be allocated to any particular object of the trust; (g) authorizing the whole or any part of the trust property to be let, sold, mortgaged, charged or exchanged; **(h) settling a scheme; and (i) obtaining such further or other relief as the nature of the case may require. (2) No suit claiming any of the reliefs specified in subsection (1) shall be instituted in respect of any such trust as is therein referred to except in conformity with that subsection. (3) Subject to subsections (1) and (2), all suits and proceedings in any court relating to any such trust as is therein referred to or otherwise in which the Government is interested, or in which the interests of the public are affected, or in which if brought in England the Attorney General of England would be, or would be made, a necessary party as plaintiff or defendant, whether by himself or by relation of parties, shall be brought and had in the name of the Attorney General as plaintiff or defendant; and the Attorney General shall have and exercise therein the same rights, duties and powers as the Attorney General of England would have and exercise in England in similar cases so far as the circumstances of Malaysia admit. *(4) The powers of the Attorney General under this section shall, in respect of any trust on the concurrent list, be exercisable by the State Attorney General. Priority of Government debts 10. (1) All debts due and claims owing from time to time by any person to the Government, whether upon judgment, bond, or other specialty, or upon simple contract or otherwise, shall be entitled from the date of the accrual thereof, respectively, to a preference of payment over all debts or claims of every kind which shall, subsequent to such date, have been contracted or incurred by or become due from such person to any other person whomsoever. 290 289 (2) Nothing herein contained shall affect any right vested in any person by virtue of a mortgage or charge of immovable property duly registered in the manner provided by law for the registration of such mortgage or charge. Sureties to be sued as principals 11. All sureties for persons owing money to the Government may be sued as principals; and if the liability is several as well as joint, they may be sued either severally or any two or more of them may be sued together; and either separately or together with the principal debtors, or with any one, two or more of the principal debtors. Provisions as to industrial property 12. (1) Where after the commencement of this Act any servant or agent of the Government infringes a patent, or infringes a registered trade mark, or infringes any copyright and the infringement is committed with the authority of the Government, then, subject to this Act, civil proceedings in respect of the infringement shall lie against the Government. (2) Save as expressly provided by this section, no proceedings shall lie against the Government by virtue of this Act in respect of the infringement of a patent, a registered trade mark, or a copyright. Application of law as to indemnity, contribution and contributory negligence 13. Where the Government is subject to any liability by virtue of this Part, any written law relating to indemnity, contribution and contributory negligence shall apply in favour of or against the Government in respect of the liability to which it is so subject as if the Government were a private person of full age and capacity. Provisions relating to the armed forces 14. (1) Nothing done or omitted to be done by a member of the forces while on duty as such shall subject either him or the Government to liability in tort for causing the death of another person, or for causing personal injury to another person, in so far as the death or personal injury is due to anything suffered by that other person while he is a member of the forces if (a) at the time when that thing is suffered by that other person, he is either on duty as a member of the forces or is, though not on duty as such, on any land, premises, ship, aircraft or vehicle for the time being used for the purposes of the forces; and (b) the Minister of Finance certifies that his suffering that thing has been or will be treated as attributable to service for the purposes of entitlement to an award under any written law relating to the disablement or death of members of the force of which he is a member: Provided that this subsection shall not exempt a member of the said forces from liability in tort in any case in which the court is satisfied that the act or omission was not connected with the execution of his duties as a member of those forces Guidelines for the Use of the Continuing Education Unit (CEU) Guidelines for the Use of the Continuing Education Unit (CEU) The UNC Policy Manual The essential educational mission of the University is augmented through a broad range of activities generally categorized Programme Specification. BSc (Hons) RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT Programme Specification BSc (Hons) RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT D GUIDE SEPTEMBER 2016 ROYAL AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, CIRENCESTER PROGRAMME SPECIFICATION BSc (Hons) RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT NB The information contained The Isett Seta Career Guide 2010 The Isett Seta Career Guide 2010 Our Vision: The Isett Seta seeks to develop South Africa into an ICT knowledge-based society by encouraging more people to develop skills in this sector as a means of contributing Charging and Remissions Policy. The Axholme Academy. October 2016 Charging and Remissions Policy The Axholme Academy October 2016 Review date: October 2017 Reviewed: Autumn 2016 Next review: Autumn 2017 2 CHARGING AND REMISSIONS POLICY 1. Introduction This policy has 2 di 7 29/06/ 2 di 7 29/06/2011 9.09 Preamble The General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, meeting at Paris from 17 October 1989 to 16 November 1989 at its twenty-fifth PUBLIC SPEAKING, DISTRIBUTION OF LITERATURE, COMMERCIAL SOLICITATION AND DEMONSTRATIONS IN PUBLIC AREAS PUBLIC SPEAKING, DISTRIBUTION OF LITERATURE, COMMERCIAL SOLICITATION AND DEMONSTRATIONS IN PUBLIC AREAS Salem State University is committed to the provision of quality higher education. Whenever appropriate, UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BURSAR S STUDENT FINANCES RULES UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BURSAR S STUDENT FINANCES RULES 1.0 PURPOSE 1.1 The purpose of these regulations is to clarify to the students the methods, conditions and implications in respect to the payment MMOG Subscription Business Models: Table of Contents DFC Intelligence DFC Intelligence Phone 858-780-9680 9320 Carmel Mountain Rd Fax 858-780-9671 Suite C www.dfcint.com San Diego, CA 92129 MMOG Subscription Business Models: Table of Contents November 2007 MGMT 479 (Hybrid) Strategic Management Columbia College Online Campus P a g e 1 MGMT 479 (Hybrid) Strategic Management Late Fall 15/12 October 26, 2015 December 19, 2015 Course Description Culminating experience/capstone course for majors in Programme Specification. MSc in International Real Estate Programme Specification MSc in International Real Estate IRE GUIDE OCTOBER 2014 ROYAL AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, CIRENCESTER PROGRAMME SPECIFICATION MSc International Real Estate NB The information contained COLLEGE OF INTEGRATED CHINESE MEDICINE ADMISSIONS POLICY Page 1 of 5 COLLEGE OF INTEGRATED CHINESE MEDICINE ADMISSIONS POLICY Purpose of the admissions policy The purpose of the College Admissions Policy is to ensure that the applicant: Has the academic abilities CLINICAL TRAINING AGREEMENT CLINICAL TRAINING AGREEMENT This Clinical Training Agreement (the "Agreement") is entered into this 151 day of February 2009 by and between the University of Utah, a body corporate and politic of the State Ministry of Education, Republic of Palau Executive Summary Ministry of Education, Republic of Palau Executive Summary Student Consultant, Jasmine Han Community Partner, Edwel Ongrung I. Background Information The Ministry of Education is one of the eight ministries ARKANSAS TECH UNIVERSITY Procurement and Risk Management Services Young Building 203 West O Street Russellville, AR 72801 REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL Search Firms RFP#16-017 Due February 26, 2016 2:00 p.m. Issuing Heritage Korean Stage 6 Syllabus Preliminary and HSC Courses Heritage Korean Stage 6 Syllabus Preliminary and HSC Courses 2010 Board of Studies NSW for and on behalf of the Crown in right of the State of New South Wales This document contains Material prepared by IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON ACCESS AGREEMENT IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON ACCESS AGREEMENT BACKGROUND 1. This Access Agreement for Imperial College London is framed by the College s mission, our admissions requirements and our commitment to widening participation. ADMINISTRATIVE DIRECTIVE Student Clubs Portland Public Schools believes that student clubs are an integral part of the educational program of the Portland school system. All student clubs must apply to the school for recognition LEAVE NO TRACE CANADA TRAINING GUIDELINES LEAVE NO TRACE CANADA TRAINING GUIDELINES TABLE OF CONTENTS Definitions and acronyms 1 Introduction 2 Notice 2 Master Educator Courses 3 Trainer Courses 7 Awareness workshops 10 Requirements upon Course Handbook for Graduate Students in TESL and Applied Linguistics Programs Handbook for Graduate Students in TESL and Applied Linguistics Programs Section A Section B Section C Section D M.A. in Teaching English as a Second Language (MA-TESL) Ph.D. in Applied Linguistics (PhD ACCOUNTING FOR MANAGERS BU-5190-AU7 Syllabus HEALTH CARE ADMINISTRATION MBA ACCOUNTING FOR MANAGERS BU-5190-AU7 Syllabus Winter 2010 P LYMOUTH S TATE U NIVERSITY, C OLLEGE OF B USINESS A DMINISTRATION 1 Page 2 PLYMOUTH STATE UNIVERSITY College of Course Brochure 2016/17 BEng honours Chemical Engineering By distance learning Accredited by the Course Brochure 2016/17 1 The contents of this prospectus are, as far as possible, up to date and accurate at the date of publication. CROWN WOOD PRIMARY SCHOOL CHARGING AND REMISSION FOR SCHOOL ACTIVITIES POLICY CROWN WOOD PRIMARY SCHOOL CHARGING AND REMISSION FOR SCHOOL ACTIVITIES POLICY Date Published November 2015 Version V1.3 Review Date November 2017 Charging and Remission for School Activities Policy v1.3 Bachelor of Engineering Technology KEY INFORMATION FOR STUDENTS Bachelor of Engineering Technology ENTRY REQUIREMENTS Location Duration Delivery Credits Level Start Dunedin Three years full-time; part-time INFORMATION PACKAGE FOR PRINCIPAL SAINTS CATHOLIC COLLEGE JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY INFORMATION PACKAGE FOR PRINCIPAL SAINTS CATHOLIC COLLEGE JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY Saints Residential College is situated on James Cook University s Townsville campus. The college offers a vibrant home-away-from-home HONG KONG INSTITUTE OF CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS HONG KONG INSTITUTE OF CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS AUTHORIZED EMPLOYER INFORMATION UPDATE FORM IMPORTANT: Please read the Notes carefully before completing this Form. Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance: Name: Giovanni Liberatore NYUHome Address: Office Hours: by appointment Villa Ulivi Office Extension: 312 Class code Instructor Details ACCT-UB9001.001 Name: Giovanni Liberatore NYUHome Email Address: gl29@nyu.edu Office Hours: by appointment Villa Ulivi Office Extension: 312 Class Details Prerequisites Class Job Description Head of Religious, Moral and Philosophical Studies (RMPS) Job Description Head of Religious, Moral and Philosophical Studies (RMPS) George Watson s College wishes to appoint a Head of Religious, Moral and Philosophical Studies (RMPS) from January 2018. The post GREAT Britain: Film Brief GREAT Britain: Film Brief Prepared by Rachel Newton, British Council, 26th April 2012. Overview and aims As part of the UK government s GREAT campaign, Education UK has received funding to promote the Call for International Experts for. The 2018 BFSU International Summer School BEIJING FOREIGN STUDIES UNIVERSITY Call for International Experts for The 2018 BFSU International Summer School BEIJING FOREIGN STUDIES UNIVERSITY OCTOBER 31, 2017 Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU) is a prestigious university in Master s Programme in European Studies Programme syllabus for the Master s Programme in European Studies 120 higher education credits Second Cycle Confirmed by the Faculty Board of Social Sciences 2015-03-09 2 1. Degree Programme title and Master of Arts in Applied Social Sciences Master of Arts in Applied Social Sciences Programme Code: Normal Duration: Maximum Study Period: Mode of Programme: MAASS(P77) 1 Year (full-time) / 2 Years (part-time/combined mode) 2.5 Years (full-time) Alight here to Taylor s University contents Commuting to Taylor s University Lakeside Campus 2-7 Orientation Programme 8 Orientation Guide 9-10 A Guide to Activities and Events 11 Campus Map 12-13 Arriving at Taylor s University 14-15 Taylor International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma. Source Material IBO Website, IB Handbook, Kristin School Auckland and a range of other relevant readings. International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Source Material IBO Website, IB Handbook, Kristin School Auckland and a range of other relevant readings. International Baccalaureate Organisation (IBO) Founded GUIDE TO EVALUATING DISTANCE EDUCATION AND CORRESPONDENCE EDUCATION GUIDE TO EVALUATING DISTANCE EDUCATION AND CORRESPONDENCE EDUCATION A Publication of the Accrediting Commission For Community and Junior Colleges Western Association of Schools and Colleges For use in Assumption University Five-Year Strategic Plan ( ) Assumption University Five-Year Strategic Plan (2014 2018) AU Strategies for Development AU Five-Year Strategic Plan (2014 2018) Vision, Mission, Uniqueness, Identity and Goals Au Vision Assumption University Everton Library, Liverpool: Market assessment and project viability study 1 Everton Library, Liverpool: Market assessment and project viability study 1 Chapter 1: Executive summary Introduction 1.1 This executive summary provides a précis of a Phase 3 Market Assessment and Project USC VITERBI SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING APPOINTMENTS, PROMOTIONS AND TENURE (APT) GUIDELINES Office of the Dean USC Viterbi School of Engineering OHE 200- MC 1450 Revised 2016 PREFACE This document serves as Information Pack: Exams Officer. Abbey College Cambridge Information Pack: Exams Officer 1 To be a community energized by a love of learning and the pursuit of outstanding achievement for all Each individual student achieves excellence by achieving significant CONSULTATION ON THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMPETENCY STANDARD FOR LICENSED IMMIGRATION ADVISERS CONSULTATION ON THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMPETENCY STANDARD FOR LICENSED IMMIGRATION ADVISERS Introduction Background 1. The Immigration Advisers Licensing Act 2007 (the Act) requires anyone giving advice Diploma of Sustainability Provided by VOCATIONAL Diploma of Sustainability About this course Be a leader in the area of sustainability and be influencers in both government, large corporations and small business across all industry MGMT 3280: Strategic Management MGMT 3280: Strategic Management Professor Nicholas J. Bailey Office: Friday 290B Sec 02: TR 9:30-10:45am Denny 120 Tel: (801) 628-8648 Sec 03: TR 11:00am-12:15pm Storrs 155 Email: nicholas.bailey@grad.moore.sc.edu Exclusions Policy. Policy reviewed: May 2016 Policy review date: May OAT Model Policy Exclusions Policy Policy reviewed: May 2016 Policy review date: May 2018 OAT Model Policy 1 Contents Action to be invoked by Senior Staff in Serious Disciplinary Matters 1. When a serious incident occurs, Asia s Global Influence. The focus of this lesson plan is on the sites and attractions of Hong Kong. Asia s Global Influence The focus of this lesson plan is on the sites and attractions of Hong Kong. Subject Geography Grade level 6-8 Duration Three class periods Objectives Students will review the geography CORE Scholar Brochures University Archives January 1973 Follow this and additional works at: http://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/ archives_wsu_brochures Repository Citation (1973)... This Brochure Diploma in Library and Information Science (Part-Time) - SH220 Diploma in Library and Information Science (Part-Time) - SH220 1. Objectives The Diploma in Library and Information Science programme aims to prepare students for professional work in librarianship. The MSW POLICY, PLANNING & ADMINISTRATION (PP&A) CONCENTRATION MSW POLICY, PLANNING & ADMINISTRATION (PP&A) CONCENTRATION Overview of the Policy, Planning, and Administration Concentration Policy, Planning, and Administration Concentration Goals and Objectives Policy, Biomedical Sciences (BC98) Be one of the first to experience the new undergraduate science programme at a university leading the way in biomedical teaching and research Biomedical Sciences (BC98) BA in Cell and Systems Biology BA Intellectual Property Section: Chapter: Date Updated: IV: Research and Sponsored Projects 4 December 7, 2012 Policies governing intellectual property related to or arising from employment with The University BASIC EDUCATION IN GHANA IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD BASIC EDUCATION IN GHANA IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD By Abena D. Oduro Centre for Policy Analysis Accra November, 2000 Please do not Quote, Comments Welcome. ABSTRACT This paper reviews the first stage of Department of Social Sciences Operations Manual 1 (12) DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Operations Manual 1.0 Department of Social Sciences Operations Manual 2 (12) CHANGE PAGE This is the change page of University of Toronto OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT AND PROVOST 1. Introduction A Framework for Graduate Expansion 2004-05 to 2009-10 In May, 2000, Governing Council Approved a document entitled Framework PROGRAMME SPECIFICATION PROGRAMME SPECIFICATION 1 Awarding Institution Newcastle University 2 Teaching Institution Newcastle University 3 Final Award MSc 4 Programme Title Digital Architecture 5 UCAS/Programme Code 5112 6 Programme PROJECTS FOR HAPPINESS 2015 PROJECTS FOR HAPPINESS 2015 Application Form INTRODUCTION Education should be made available to everyone. We are a modest student-led initiative that aims to improve the usage of English amongst Malaysian General study plan for third-cycle programmes in Sociology Date of adoption: 07/06/2017 Ref. no: 2017/3223-4.1.1.2 Faculty of Social Sciences Third-cycle education at Linnaeus University is regulated by the Swedish Higher Education Act and Higher Education Ordinance Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) Policy Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) Policy Scope This policy is applicable to Kaplan Business School Pty Ltd, (KBS) and applies to individuals enrolled in KBS courses. Purpose Recognition of Prior Learning DEPARTMENT OF KINESIOLOGY AND SPORT MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF KINESIOLOGY AND SPORT MANAGEMENT Undergraduate Sport Management Internship Guide SPMT 4076 (Version 2017.1) Box 43011 Lubbock, TX 79409-3011 Phone: (806) 834-2905 Email: Diane.nichols@ttu.edu Northwest-Shoals Community College - Personnel Handbook/Policy Manual 1-1. Personnel Handbook/Policy Manual I. INTRODUCTION Northwest-Shoals Community College - Personnel Handbook/Policy Manual 1-1 Personnel Handbook/Policy Manual I. INTRODUCTION Northwest-Shoals Community College - Personnel Handbook/Policy Manual 1-2 I. INTRODUCTION Modern Trends in Higher Education Funding. Tilea Doina Maria a, Vasile Bleotu b Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Scien ce s 116 ( 2014 ) 2226 2230 Abstract 5 th World Conference on Educational Sciences - WCES 2013 Modern Trends Charter School Reporting and Monitoring Activity School Reporting and Monitoring Activity All information and documents listed below are to be provided to the Schools Office by the date shown, unless another date is specified in pre-opening conditions INSTRUCTION MANUAL. Survey of Formal Education INSTRUCTION MANUAL Survey of Formal Education Montreal, January 2016 1 CONTENT Page Introduction... 4 Section 1. Coverage of the survey... 5 A. Formal initial education... 6 B. Formal adult education... STUDENT AND ACADEMIC SERVICES STUDENT AND ACADEMIC SERVICES Admissions Division International Admissions Administrator (3 posts available) Full Time, Fixed Term for 12 months Grade D: 21,220-25,298 per annum De Montfort University MANAGERIAL LEADERSHIP MGMT 3287-002 FRI-132 (TR 11:00 AM-12:15 PM) Spring 2016 Instructor: Dr. Gary F. Kohut Office: FRI-308/CCB-703 Email: gfkohut@uncc.edu Telephone: 704.687.7651 (office) Office hours: Religious Accommodation of Students Policy OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY Religious Accommodation of Students Policy This document is maintained by the Office of Equal Opportunity and Access 330 Snell Hall eoa.oregonstate.edu Equal.Opportunity@oregonstate.edu Idsall External Examinations Policy Idsall External Examinations Policy Sponsorship & Review 1 Sponsor Mr D Crichton, Deputy Headteacher 2 Written and Approved October 2014 3 Next Review Date October 2016 This policy should be read in conjunction Instructor Experience and Qualifications Professor of Business at NDNU; Over twenty-five years of experience in teaching undergraduate students. BUS 2116W.01 (Economic Development of Less Developed Countries) Spring 2016 TR 2 p.m. - 3:15 pm Course Start Date: 01/14/2016 Pre-requisites: None Instructor: Sujata Verma, Ph. D. Office: Room 18, Cuvilly Application Form for a Provisional License Application Form for a Provisional License New Private School Application Form: Provisional Licence for a New Private School (January 2013) March 2013 Application for provisional licence of a New Private IUPUI Office of Student Conduct Disciplinary Procedures for Alleged Violations of Personal Misconduct IUPUI Office of Student Conduct Disciplinary Procedures for Alleged Violations of Personal Misconduct Preamble IUPUI disciplinary procedures determine responsibility and appropriate consequences for violations DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN POLITICAL SCIENCE Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science 1 DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN POLITICAL SCIENCE Work leading to the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is designed to give the candidate a thorough and comprehensive TITLE 23: EDUCATION AND CULTURAL RESOURCES SUBTITLE A: EDUCATION CHAPTER I: STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION SUBCHAPTER b: PERSONNEL PART 25 CERTIFICATION ISBE 23 ILLINOIS ADMINISTRATIVE CODE 25 TITLE 23: EDUCATION AND CULTURAL RESOURCES : EDUCATION CHAPTER I: STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION : PERSONNEL Section 25.10 Accredited Institution PART 25 CERTIFICATION Post-16 transport to education and training. Statutory guidance for local authorities Post-16 transport to education and training Statutory guidance for local authorities February 2014 Contents Summary 3 Key points 4 The policy landscape 4 Extent and coverage of the 16-18 transport duty PeopleSoft Human Capital Management 9.2 (through Update Image 23) Hardware and Software Requirements PeopleSoft Human Capital Management 9.2 (through Update Image 23) Hardware and Software Requirements July 2017 PeopleSoft Human Capital Management 9.2 (through Update Image 23) Hardware and Software Requirements ARTICLE IV: STUDENT ACTIVITIES ARTICLE IV: STUDENT ACTIVITIES Table of Contents 7-4.1 extracurricular Activities: Generally 7-4.2 sportsmanship, ethics and integrity 7-4.3 student publications 7-4.4 assemblies 7-4.5 clubs and student TABLE OF CONTENTS. By-Law 1: The Faculty Council...3 FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, University of Ottawa Faculty By-Laws (November 21, 2017) TABLE OF CONTENTS By-Law 1: The Faculty Council....3 1.1 Mandate... 3 1.2 Members... 3 1.3 Procedures for electing Faculty PROCEDURES FOR SELECTION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR THE SCHOOL DISTRICT OF LODI PROCEDURES FOR SELECTION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR THE SCHOOL DISTRICT OF LODI Reference: Policy Number 322 and No. 322.1 (A) 3-7-94 (R) 10-10-94 The School District of Lodi shall comply with Standard Audit Of Teaching Assignments. An Integrated Analysis of Teacher Educational Background and Courses Taught October 2007 Audit Of Teaching Assignments October 2007 Audit Of Teaching Assignments Audit of Teaching Assignments Crown copyright, Province of Nova Scotia, 2007 The contents of this publication may be reproduced Examining the Structure of a Multidisciplinary Engineering Capstone Design Program Paper ID #9172 Examining the Structure of a Multidisciplinary Engineering Capstone Design Program Mr. Bob Rhoads, The Ohio State University Bob Rhoads received his BS in Mechanical Engineering from The History. 344 History. Program Student Learning Outcomes. Faculty and Offices. Degrees Awarded. A.A. Degree: History. College Requirements 344 History History History is the disciplined study of the human past. Santa Barbara City College offers a varied and integrated curriculum in history. For the major, the History Department provides the HDR Presentation of Thesis Procedures pro-030 Version: 2.01 HDR Presentation of Thesis Procedures pro-030 To be read in conjunction with: Research Practice Policy Version: 2.01 Last amendment: 02 April 2014 Next Review: Apr 2016 Approved By: Academic Board Date: Meek School of Journalism and New Media Will Norton, Jr., Professor and Dean Mission. Core Values Meek School of Journalism and New Media Will Norton, Jr., Professor and Dean 2009-2010 Mission The School of Journalism and New Media at the University of Mississippi has as its primary mission the education Collaborative Partnerships Building Effective Sponsored Student Programs By Craig E. Hastings A publication of NAFSA: Association of International Educators, 2012 This publication is available on the NAFSA University of Essex Access Agreement University of Essex Access Agreement Updated in August 2009 to include new tuition fee and bursary provision for 2010 entry 1. Context The University of Essex is academically a strong institution, with Qualification handbook Qualification handbook BIIAB Level 3 Award in 601/5960/1 Version 1 April 2015 Table of Contents 1. About the BIIAB Level 3 Award in... 1 2. About this pack... 2 3. BIIAB Customer Service... 2 4. What are Student Experience Strategy 2020 1 Contents Student Experience Strategy Introduction 3 Approach 5 Section 1: Valuing Our Students - our ambitions 6 Section 2: Opportunities - the catalyst for transformational change 9 Section 3: Guide to the Program in Comparative Culture Records, University of California, Irvine AS.014 http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt2f59q8v9 No online items University of California, Irvine AS.014 Finding aid prepared by Processed by Mary Ellen Goddard and Michelle Light; machine-readable finding Bilingual Staffing Guidelines Bilingual Staffing Guidelines Introduction In accordance with the Yukon Languages Act, the Yukon government is committed to ensuring the public can receive government services in English or in French from to Club Development Guide. Club Development Guide Welcome to the Welsh Triathlon Introduction to Club Development Guide. With the continued growth and popularity of Triathlon we wish to support your club and volunteers to ensure Bachelor of Engineering in Biotechnology Study Programme for the degree Bachelor of Engineering in Biotechnology Center for Engineering, University College Absalon September 2017 Content Content... 1 Preface... 4 Part 1 Facts about the programme... INDEPENDENT STATE OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA. Education Act 1983 (Consolidated to No 13 of 1995) [lxxxiv] Education Act 1983, INDEPENDENT STATE OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA. Being an Act to provide for the National Education System and to make provision (a) Report on organizing the ROSE survey in France Report on organizing the ROSE survey in France Florence Le Hebel, florence.le-hebel@ens-lsh.fr, University of Lyon, March 2008 1. ROSE team The French ROSE team consists of Dr Florence Le Hebel (Associate Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan Intel* Teach Program MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING This Memorandum of Understanding ("MoU") is made on ^...20. Technology... c"7 between Intel India Private Limited, a company Student Organization Handbook Welcome to Student Involvement Student Organization Handbook An important part of your collegiate experience includes involvement in student activities outside the classroom. Membership and leadership Regulations for Saudi Universities Personnel Including Staff Members and the Like Regulations for Saudi Universities Personnel Including Staff Members and the Like Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Higher Education Council General Secretariat Regulations for Saudi Universities Personnel Including Guidelines for Completion of an Application for Temporary Licence under Section 24 of the Architects Act R.S.O. 1990 Guidelines for Completion of an Application for Temporary Licence under Section 24 of the Architects Act R.S.O. 1990 OAA-12-16 1 INDEX Page Number General... 3 Fees for Temporary Licence... 4 Appendix Programme Specification Title: Accounting and Finance Final Award: Master of Science (MSc) With Exit Awards at: Postgraduate Certificate (PG Cert) Postgraduate Diploma (PG Dip) Master of Science (MSc) The International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme at Carey The International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme at Carey Contents ONNECT What is the IB? 2 How is the IB course structured? 3 The IB Learner Profile 4-5 What subjects does Carey offer? 6 The IB Diploma University of Toronto OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT AND PROVOST Governance and Administration of Extra-Departmental Units Interdisciplinarity Committee Working Group Report Following approval by Governing Friday, October 3, 2014 by 10: a.m. EST REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS FOR MARKETING/EVENT PLANNING/CONSULTING SERVICES RFP No. 09-10-2014 SUBMISSIONS ARE DUE AT THE ADDRESS SHOWN BELOW NO LATER THAN Friday, October 3, 2014 by 10: a.m. EST At Woodmere

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About NACSI | Majliska.org Home » About NACSI A- / A+ The North American Council of Somali Imams (NACSI) is an umbrella non-profit organization that was founded in early 2001 by the leading Muslim scholars of the Somali Community to meet the religious and social needs of the new Somali immigrants community. The Council has grown since its inception and now has more than 21 mosques and Islamic centers in more than ten states in the U.S. As the population of the Somali community in North America grew, the need of the community for the services of the Council has grown as well. The North American Council of Somali Imams (NACSI) is dedicated to bringing together the Somali Community in North America so they help one another, and depend on each other for the common good of the Somali community and the American society at large. NACSI draws its strength and guidance from the Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) The objectives of North American Council of Somali Imams include but not limited to: (a) Providing religious guidance to Muslims according to the Qur’an and the traditions of Prophet Mohamed (pbuh) (b) Facilitating the sharing and exchange of resources, services, and expertise among the member organizations; (c) Establishing new institutions and Islamic centers where needed, and maintaining the existing ones; (d) Registering and owning the real estate properties and deeds of member organizations in the name of the corporation as “Waqf” (Trust) for protection and safeguarding; (e) Coordinating major Da’wah activities of mosques; (f) Authorizing and making public statements on issues that concern Somali Muslim Community in America; (g) Deciding the sighting of the moon for the beginning of Ramadan and announcing Eid-ul-fitr; (h) Organizing and managing fundraising activities for mosques and other Islamic causes in the USA; (i) Resolving conflicts in mosques, and issuing a final binding decision; (j) Issuing Islamic fatwa (decree) in all issues concerning Muslim community in consultation with other Muslim Fatwa committees in North America.

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“Friday the 13th”, Day 14, June 25th The boys sang for the 9:45 mass at St. Mary’s this morning. We weren’t quite sure if Nathan (the boy conductor from last night) was going to be there. He certainly was! Sporting a blue jacket, red tie, and red shoes. The boys gave him a “do extraordinary” t-shirt and he wore all morning long. Donuts were served in the reception area while the boys talked more with their host families. On the bus to Lockport, Stewart asked about their host homes. We all had a great time hearing the stories about ice cream, prisons, indoors pools, and relatives’ names that all started with the letter D. Aaron also told the boys a couple stories he heard last night from attendees of the concert. There was an elderly lady who, although she was partially deaf, said that she heard every note the boys sang last night. Also, a man talked about how the whole evening was a wonderful coincidence for him. He was thrilled to find out last night was the boys’ 13th day on tour. The number 13 was his favorite number. He was married on Friday the 13th. He also mentioned how moved he was when the boys sang “What a Wonderful World”; that was the song he and his daughter danced to on her wedding day. The boys were so excited to hear these wonderful stories about the impact they have on the people who hear them. We arrived in Lockport to check into the hotel before heading to First Presbyterian for dinner. The mood of the boys was different today. They were more antsy and excited. Normally the din of the bus is a dull roar but today it was starting to become more boisterous. At dinner I learned the boys were excited to start their adventures at Cedar Point. Although they were excited for tomorrow they kept their focus on giving a great concert to the people of Lockport. Before the concert, I interviewed the second graduate on my list: Tristan Wellman. Tristan is 15 yrs old, and lives in Ham Lake. He was a graduate last year, which was also his first tour. I asked him how he felt about this being his last tour. He feels sad, considering this was only his second tour. He would’ve liked to go on more; however, he’s ready to move on. He plans to start taking ground school for a private plane pilot’s license. “That’s my dream job.” Here are some more questions I asked him… What has been your favorite moment as a Choirboy? Meeting new people and getting to know more people like me. Going on tour. It’s something not everyone can get to do. What was your favorite activity on tour? Ultimate Frisbee. I’m not good at offense, but I can shut people down in defense. What was your favorite Choirboy event this year? Christmas with the Choirboys. I like our Christmas season. Have you ever sang Happy Birthday to yourself? I did this year. What was it like the first time? My birthday passed without having to sing. I was ok by not singing, but kept waiting to be called up to do it. It took three weeks until when I did. I was glad I did it. What is your favorite book? The Martian. Is there a character from any book, game, or movie that you think about sometimes? Tin Tin because of my red hair. Everyone at school calls me Tin Tin. My dad looks like James Bond, a detective. So I like to look like one too: Tin Tin. What is something that worries you? If my dad lost his job, it would mean everything would change. Who inspires you? My parents: my Dad because he’s a really hard worker and has taught me to do a lot of things, and my Mom, her music gifts, for how kind and respectful she is to everyone. I want to be a mixture of them but I want to be my own person. Tristan, it’s been a pleasure having you in the choir! Tonight’s concert went very well, and the boys came back to the hotel for a late night swim. All of them enjoyed being flung into the pool by Stewart and Camden. After their showers, they’ll be resting for their day at Cedar Point tomorrow, and their last few days of tour. https://lolcb.org/lolcbsite/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Group-w-nathan-2.jpg 424 640 Aaron Carpenter https://lolcb.org/lolcbsite/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/LOLCB-Initials-logo-color.jpg Aaron Carpenter2017-06-26 04:46:512017-06-26 04:46:51"Friday the 13th", Day 14, June 25th “Who Has the Best Voice?” Day 13, June 24th “It Looks Like Valley Fair on Steroids!” Day 15, June 26th

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Bolivian Media: Rising From the Ashes By Marius Dragomir For more than a decade, the government has meddled with Bolivia’s news media. Following the collapse of the Morales regime, the country’s journalists want to put paid to that, once and for all. In 2014, Virginie Poyetton, a researcher, found that more than half of Bolivia’s journalists have faced some form of censorship. The truth is that this terrifying fact was hardly shocking in Bolivia, a landlocked Latin American nation of 11 million people where censorship has a long tradition - particularly under the rule of Evo Morales, the man who led the Bolivian nation since 2006. Read more about _________ The Hot Potato Is Fact-Checking Working? By Anya Schiffrin Much time and money have been spent on combatting misinformation through fact-checking. But it’s not clear whether it has any impact at all. Fact-checkers are taking credit for the circulation collapse of the doctored Nancy Pelosi video that circulated widely online after being aired on Fox news in the US and tweeted about by President Donald Trump on May 24th 2019. After it was highlighted by Washington Postand others, views and shares fell dramatically. Facebook was urged to remove it but declined saying that the company “does not require posts to be true.” Instead they flagged it as false and reduced its distribution. YouTube removed the video altogether. This ambiguous response was typical of the constant skirmishes seen in the ongoing war against online dis/misinformation. Read more about __________ The Rise and Fall of A Romanian Media Mogul Radu Mazare pioneered independent journalism in the early days of post-communist Romania. But his excessive craving for fame, wealth and power led to his downfall. When the weekly Catavencu, a satirical publication named after a character in a play authored by Romania’s celebrated playwright Ion Luca Caragiale, launched its first issue in February 1990, Romanian readers thronged to get a copy. Who Are the Top Dogs? Large, established media, including public service outlets, dominate the Twitter market in much of Western Europe, but less in the east. Mainstream media outlets dominate the Twitter market in Europe, particularly in Western nations where often established newspapers and major television chains, including public broadcasters, lead in terms of outreach on their local Twitter market, according to the Twitter News Index Europe, released today by MediaPowerMonitor Research Unit. Funding Journalism The Rich Disruptor By Ian Graham For nearly two decades, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has spent more on media partnerships than almost any other philanthropy. Interview with Miguel Castro of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. A growing number of philanthropies are cultivating partnerships with news media. By funding journalistic content, philanthropic donors hope to drive up awareness of issues central to their missions, spark policy action, and alter public behavior. These partnerships have left donors with the task of determining what forms of journalism translate into tangible action and how they can measure the social impact of reporting. Journalists and media development professionals, on the other hand, have wondered whether these partnerships can provide long term benefits for media outlets that represent more than a simple exchange of cash for stories on very specific issues. Read more about ____________ What Happens Inside the Media Industry Is a Big Unknown Interview with Umar Cheema, an investigative journalist working with The News in Pakistan Umar Cheema is a talented Pakistani investigative reporter currently working for The News, a well-known English-language daily. So far, as is the nature of investigative journalism, Mr Cheema’s life hasn’t been a cakewalk. In 2010, he was kidnapped and tortured for criticizing the government. His investigations uncovered tax evasion by MPs and a counter-terrorism fund that was used to buy luxury gifts for the relatives of ministers. He was part of the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) Panama Papers and Paradise Papers projects. Danish Public Media: Loved by People, Hated by Politicians Political enemies of Denmark’s public broadcaster DR are hatching plans to crop the station’s budget. A bellicose commercial media industry is going to bat for them. A “TV hit factory.” This is how Gerard Gilbert, a television writer for the British newspaper The Independent, in May 2012 described the Danish public broadcaster DR, producer of a string of successful TV series including The Killing, Borgen and The Bridge. Among other things, a tight eye on quality control and strict production policies forbidding remakes and adaptations secure the success of the Danish TV drama, as DR’s culture head, Morten Hesseldahl, told Mr Gilbert. Every project has to be a winner simply because DR, with a budget eight times lower than that of its British counterpart, BBC, can’t afford to waste money. Mobile News: When More Informs Less By TechBrain More people read more news on mobile phones. That doesn’t mean that they get more informed. Five years ago, in a publicity stunt anticipating the launch of a “water-resistant” handset, electronics manufacturer Sony and mobile phone operator O2 said that the new product was prompted by a growing market for such devices. They knew that three quarters of people use their phone in the restroom. A survey jointly commissioned by the two companies back then found 59% of people were texting while on the lavatory. Read more about ________ MediaPowerMonitor Reading List. The Cyprus Mail deal How to Wipe Away Digital History: Buy a Newspaper Jaromir Soukup The Man Who Wants to Be the Czech Berlusconi Bulgarian might Media Capture, Made in Bulgaria By Marius Dragomir 12 February 2018 See Owners Lists Tweeting in the Russian space Twitter Index: Moldovan News Outlet on Top Arab tweets Twitter News Media in the Arab Region: Who’s Winning See our Data Pages Giving to the rich Google Bankrolls Oligarch-Owned Media Group in Hungary Head of Ukraine’s Public Television Axed Newspapers in Pakistan Extinction Crisis Government’s Monopoly in the Media: The Last Act See Story Archives Journalism Has to Reinvent Itself By Ian Graham 1 September 2018 Peruvian journalism Advice: Investigate Corporate Power, Environment and Algorithms See more MediaPowerMonitor Muckrakers Political football A Dim Future Approaches for Objective Reporting in Slovakia Right-wing attacks Public Broadcasting in Austria: Politicians Clash With Journalists​ By Marius Dragomir 5 March 2018 See more stories about public media Online wisdom Is Copyright Technology Hampering Creativity and Freedom? By Bill Hess How Will Face-Controlling Technology Change Journalism? By TechBrain 2 January 2018 The Price of Digital Rights By TechBrain 15 April 2017 See our TechBrain dossier Read more about _____________________ Technology and Journalism in Indonesia: The Rise of Internet Police Misinformation has flooded the Indonesian internet in recent years. The government’s response will only shrink the space for online news content. Tempted with ever cheaper deals, many Indonesians use more than one mobile card, resulting in 400 million cellular subscriptions, which makes Indonesia one of the largest mobile markets of the world. In contrast, less than 4% of Indonesians use a landline today. A new report from the Center for Media, Data & Society (CMDS) analyses the impact of technology on journalism in this big Asian nation. Read more about ______________ Big Tech’s Next Challenge: Powerful State Media Networks By Nithin Coca Facebook, Google and Twitter face pressure to regulate state-funded media ops seeking to game the Internet. But which ones, and how? More Measuring What Makes Readers Subscribe to The New York Times By Daniel Mill Understanding what drives someone to purchase a news subscription is far from simple. Each potential subscriber is exposed to different news stories, advertisements and messages both on our site and off of it. More The Cutthroat Battle for Controlling Le Monde By Frederic Filloux What’s going on at Le Monde? Is its independence in peril? Probably not. But the current confrontation might radically change the ownership structure of France’s flagship paper. More Disinfo Wars By Hossein Derakhshan In the Information Disorder report for Council of Europe (2017), Claire Wardle and I identified three types of bad-information (mis-, dis-, and malinformation), three phases (creation, (re)production, distribution), and three elements (agent, message, interpreter) to information disorder. Here I would like to expand that model and focus on various categories of information warfare, based on their agents and targets, divided as state, non-state or non-state organisations, and the public. More Trust in News is Correlated to Distribution Modes Markets where consumers are the best connected with news brands, who pay more often for online journalism, and overall trust what is found on social more, enjoy a higher trust in their media. More The Rise of Influencers and the Decay of Journalism Traditional journalism is slowly yielding to influencer-driven ”information”. It results from an economic shift in favor of social media and the pervasive laziness of newsrooms. More Why Bundled Subscriptions Won’t Save the News Industry Earlier this month, a company called Mogul News launched a news app that curates article content from three media outlets: Bloomberg, The Financial Times, and The Economist. If you were to subscribe to each of these publications separately, it would add up to at least $944 a year, but the Mogul News app costs just $9.99 a month, or $119 annually. More Navigating Non-Profit News By Peter Osnos In Miami last February about 600 people convened to consider tackling the great challenges to local journalism (and journalism generally) with non-profit models. It was, by all accounts, a major occasion attracting representatives of the most formidable new enterprises including The ProPublica Local Reporting Network, Report for America and the American Journalism Project and funders led by the John N. and James L. Knight Foundation which announced that it “would be doubling our investment in strengthening journalism to $300 million over the next five years.” More More Big Issues Local Reporter “Now I have to say goodbye.” This is how Diana Jojua, one of the most prominent anchors on Rustavi2, Georgia’s most watched television chain, announced her resignation on 20 August 2019 during Kurieri, the station’s top newscast. Maria Teresa Ronderos Head of Open Society Journalism Program Quits The director of the Program on Independent Journalism (PIJ), the flagship journalism program of the Open Society Foundations (OSF) has quit, the OSF announced. Ms Ronderos took the helm of the program in 2014 after the resignation, a year earlier, of Gordana Jankovic of Serbia, the former head of the program for more than a decade. Government Funds Sputnik-Affiliated Website Last year, the Ministry for the Romanians from Everywhere allocated €20,000 to fund the website Usd24.ro, a website that republishes all the articles from the Romanian version of the Russian publication Sputnik, Recorder.ro reported. PM’s Allies Take Over Popular News Website Hungarian businessman Zoltan Speder sold in mid-September 2018 his stake in the company cemp-X Online, which owns several publications and indirectly controls Index.hu, Hungary’s largest independent news website. MPM Rankings The Facebook Index measures the reach of news media in the Facebook Universe by comparing the followers base with the total number of Facebook users in a given country. Essentially, the Facebook Index shows you how many people media and news platforms reach in 100 Facebook users. In some regions, we publish the list of the news platforms with a score of at least 10. For more detailed information, contact MediaPowerMonitor Research Unit. Twitter Index The Index covers all news outlets registered as such on Twitter as described in the Twitter Index methodology as well as all international news outlets under the same categories that address a specific language market. For more detailed information, contact MediaPowerMonitor Research Unit. An index of the most followed journalists, country by country, with details about their work, key investigations and stories and main networks. For more detailed information, contact MediaPowerMonitor Research Unit. Global Media Philanthropy As the world faces extraordinary challenges and ever more interconnected economic, social and communications systems, we know that media plays a key role in addressing and shaping the most pressing issues of our time—making global media philanthropy increasingly important. While the funding landscape for U.S.-based philanthropies investing in media is well-documented, the picture for international philanthropy is far less clear. To help shed some light, Media Impact Funders published Global Media Philanthropy: What Funders Need to Know About Data, Trends and Pressing Issues Facing the Field, written by Sarah Armour-Jones and Jessica Clark. More Our database of companies and owners and influencers who operate in the media and technology field has grown to over 50,000 companies and some 4,000 individuals. In our lists you will find links to all our stories related to the companies and owners listed on the website. For company or owner profiles and detailed financial information, contact us. MediaPowerMonitor Albania, Austria, Belgium, Belarus, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom Asia/Asia-Pacific Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Georgia, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Uzbekistan Botswana, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sudan, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia MediaPowerMonitor was founded in 2015 by a group of writers concerned about the state of independent journalism and the thorny relations between media and the powers that be. In our collective experience, we have met and worked with hundreds of writers, journalists and researchers across the globe who closely follow these issues. Learn more about us MediaPowerMonitor runs on Tweets by medpowermon

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Bresci, Gaetano, 1869-1901 A short account of the life of Gaetano Bresci, who in 1900 assassinated King Umberto I of Italy in response to a massacre of workers in Milan. See also 1900: The assassination of King Umberto I of Italy Gaetano Bresci was born on November 11 1869 in Coiano, a small village in the commune of Prato in Tuscany, central Italy. His parents sent him out to work at a young age, during which time he was employed as a silk weaver, the profession he was to continue throughout his life. At a time when anarchist ideas were beginning to spread across Italy, with Tuscany in particular becoming a stronghold for radical activity, Bresci became involved in an anarchist group. Little is known of the group's activities however it is clear that Bresci served a short sentence in prison as the result of being involved in an "anarchist disturbance". Upon his release Bresci emigrated to America, living first in New Hoboken, where he married an Irish immigrant girl in 1897. He and his wife moved away soon after, settling in the large manufacturing town of Paterson, New Jersey, where he took up work as a weaver in one of the city's numerous mills on a wage of $15 a week. Becoming involved in a local anarchist group, Bresci and his comrades set about introducing anarchist ideas to the sizeable Italian immigrant population in Paterson, eventually setting up a newspaper, La Questione Social. Gaining a reputation as a skilled propagandist, Bresci became one of the main contributors to the paper, devoting much of his free time to writing and organising amongst the immigrant mill workers. Hearing and reporting news from the international labour and anarchist movement in La Questione Social, Bresci was well aware of the increasingly unstable political and social situation in Italy. In 1898 he received news of an event in his homeland that was to forever change his life. Following a prolonged campaign of strikes and demonstrations across Italy to protest the rising cost of living, a mass demonstration of workers had taken place through the streets of Milan on May 6 1898. The march took an increasingly violent turn and, fearing an attack upon the Royal Palace, troops were ordered to fire on the crowd. The shootings, known as the Bava-Beccaris massacre after the general who had ordered the attack, had left hundreds dead. Wishing to avenge the workers who had been cut down on the streets of Milan that day, Bresci began to plan an assassination that would hit the highest echelons of the Italian social order. Unexpectedly, in May of 1900, Bresci approached his comrades at La Questione Social and demanded the return of a loan of $150 which had been used to set up the paper. Offering no explanation for his actions and leaving his comrades deeply bitter towards him, Bresci left the United States on May 17 1900 with the intention of assassinating King Umberto I of Italy. Two months later Bresci had made his way to the small town of Monza, some 10 miles north of Milan. The town was the location of one of the king's royal villas which he would be staying at for several weeks. It was here that Bresci committed his attentat. On the evening of July 29, while the king was handing out prizes to athletes after a sporting event, Bresci burst from the crowd and shot the king three times, killing him almost immediately. Represented by the famous anarchist lawyer Francesco Saverio Merlino, Bresci stood trial in Milan and on August 29 was sentenced to a life of hard labour on Santo Stefano, the island prison infamous for its many anarchist and socialist prisoners. He was not to stay long. Less than a year later he was found hanged in his cell, his body being thrown into the sea by prison guards soon after. Although suicide was given as the official explanation for his death, this was widely disputed at the time and it now seems more likely that he was killed by his guards. Accounts of Bresci's life tell us that he was a sensitive man, highly susceptible to the injustices committed towards working people. It was these characteristics that drove him to give his life for a deed which he believed would increase the social awareness of the Italian working class and hasten the path to revolution. May 9 2007 15:00 Sam Lowry Animal Farm, a fairy story - George Orwell Erroneously considered a damning of collectivism, Orwell's allegorical fantasy is a critique of the Bolshevist and Stalinist regimes set on a farm as animals attempt to create a society. A disgrace before God: Striking black sanitation workers vs. black officialdom in 1977 Atlanta This article is a case study of the betrayal of the African American working class by the Black political class brought to power by the Civil Rights and Black Power movements of the 1960's...

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Explore More About Nehru Memorial Museum & Library The Nehru Memorial Museum & Library (NMML) established in the memory of Jawaharlal Nehru (1889 - 1964) is an autonomous institution under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India. Located in the majestic Teen Murti House,the official residence of the first Prime Minister of India, it has four major constituents namely, a Memorial Museum, a Library on modern India, a Centre for Contemporary Studies and Nehru Planetarium. Website updated on: February 15, 2018

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New Year's Resolutions: Put Your Imperfections Behind You! Fresh starts are real! This week we will hear a lot of advice about setting the appropriate New Year's resolutions. We'll also hear about how hard it is to actually adhere to our resolutions. So many of us establish diet or exercise goals this time of year, but by the spring, we find ourselves struggling to stick with our original plans. Having said that, recent research does suggest that New Year's Day might be a more effective day for setting a bold goal than a "typical" day during the year. Hengchen Dai, Katherine Milkman, and Jason Riis published a paper three years ago titled, "Put Your Imperfections behind You:Temporal Landmarks Spur Goal Initiation When They Signal New Beginnings." They studied "temporal landmarks" - i.e. days that “stand in marked contrast to the seemingly unending stream of trivial and ordinary occurrences” in our lives. These landmarks include birthdays, holidays, new beginnings (of a year or semester), and major life events such as a wedding. These scholars examined whether an event that marked a "new beginning" could be motivating for people to pursue a particular goal. Dai, Milkman, and Riis found that landmarks that represent new beginnings are useful to us because they enable us to "leave our old selves behind" and to embrace a better version of ourselves. We can "disassociate" ourselves from our past imperfect selves, in a sense, at these landmark moments. That motivates us to pursue a new goal, perhaps to eradicate a bad habit. In sum, New Year's Day might just be the right time to attempt to pursue a bold new goal regarding your career, personal well-being, or other aspect of your life. Of course, much work will remain with regard to adhering to that goal. However, the holiday will certainly be advantageous when it comes to initiating the pursuit of this new goal, much more effective than January 3rd or 4th might be... unless that happens to be your birthday or some other key moment in your life. Posted by Michael Roberto at 12/27/2018 03:29:00 PM No comments: Labels: goals, objectives, resolutions Book Presentation at Business Value Forum: February 20th! I'll be speaking about my new book, Unlocking Creativity, at the Business Value Forum on February 20th. The event will take place from 7:30am-9:30am at Bryant University. The BVF is a non-profit organization that brings together local business leaders for learning and networking opportunities. Please consider registering for this event! Posted by Michael Roberto at 12/27/2018 10:49:00 AM No comments: Labels: Business Value Forum, Unlocking Creativity Christmas Stress: Gift Givers Need To Worry Less About Their Choices Source: Pixabay Several years ago, Karl Halvor Teigen and his colleagues published an article titled, "Giver-receiver asymmetries in gift preferences." As some of us scramble for last minute gifts this Christmas Eve (not me, I'm done!), we might want to keep in mind a few of their findings. Perhaps retailers too should consider these research conclusions as they think about their marketing and merchandising strategies, though they may apply the lessons quite differently than consumers should. Here is what Teigen and his colleagues found. Gift givers and receivers have starkly different preferences regarding the nature of presents exchanged. For example, receivers tend to enjoy practical and useful gifts, but givers often opt for more exclusive, less practical items. Similarly, givers tend to prefer gift cards, while receivers would rather have cash. Finally, givers often stress about insuring that the gift will arrive on time for an important holiday or event. Receivers are much more forgiving than we think about a late arriving present. In sum, the study shows that givers might want to rethink their strategies and stop worrying quite as much as they do. Don't let stress hamper your celebration of Christmas. After all, it's not really about the gifts anyway. Labels: Christmas, gifts, stress Boards of Directors: What Happens to Female Dissenters? Source: Blue Diamond Gallery Juan Ma and Ithai Stern of INSEAD have published a paper titled, "Gender's Impact on Directors' Career Trajectories." They examined the disparate impact on men and women of an expression of dissenting views during board of director meetings. They explain their results: We find that directors, male and female, are significantly less likely to continue serving on the focal board after issuing a dissenting opinion. All else equal, dissenters are more than twice as likely to be dismissed from the focal board compared to those who did not dissent. We also find that female dissenters will be more likely than male dissenters to be knocked off the board due to the in-group/out-group bias: a female dissenter was almost four times more likely to be dismissed compared to her female colleague who did not dissent, while a male dissenter was only (less than) twice as likely to leave the board following a dissenting opinion. They also found that female dissenters are more likely to be dismissed if there are other female directors on the board. The scholars explain that result by arguing that the boards may feel that they can "afford losing the female dissenter, as they are no longer subject to the societal pressure to have (at least) one woman on the board." Source: Harvard Business Review The findings are troubling, if not surprising, to many scholars who have examined corporate governance practices. Many boards do not have constructive debates. Dissenters are marginalized easily, and they are viewed as disruptive or unhelpful. Female board members often bring an important, different perspective to board meetings, but it's hard for them to contribute if they are penalized so strongly for expressing dissent. Labels: boards of directors, corporate governance, dissent, gender Is Tesla Highly Vulnerable to a Hidden Risk or Ambiguous Threat? source: flickr This week, I read Charles Duhigg's incredible article about Elon Musk at Tesla (ok, I'm biased... Charles is my former student). The lengthy piece, written for Wired, is titled Dr. Elon & Mr. Musk: Life Inside Tesla's Production Hell. Duhigg's article is based on an in-depth investigation of the company and its mercurial leader. He explains: Over the past six months I’ve communicated with dozens of current and former Tesla employees, from nearly every division. They describe a thrilling and tumultuous workplace, where talented engineers and designers have done some of their proudest work but where, as one former executive put it, “everyone in Tesla is in an abusive relationship with Elon.” Almost all these employees spoke on the condition of anonymity because of nondisclosure agreements or fears of being sued or fired by Musk. (Even those with positive things to say asked for anonymity.) The story describes Musk firing employees on the spot without much warning. It describes his brilliance, as well as the incredible insights that he has had about revolutionizing the car industry. Duhigg also describes a turbulent workplace and somewhat shocking tirades and rather unpredictable behavior by the boss. He writes, At Tesla, Musk’s oddness was accepted. He was, after all, the leader, the biggest stockholder, the visionary. But sometimes his impatience would turn into tirades. “We called it ‘the idiot bit,’ ” a senior engineering executive told me. “If you said something wrong or made one mistake or rubbed him the wrong way, he would decide you’re an idiot and there was nothing that could change his mind.” Musk would openly deride employees in meetings, according to numerous sources, insulting their competence, bullying those who had failed to perform, demoting people on the spot. Duhigg describes the dismismall or departure of many of his senior managers over the past few years. Some left due to burnout, disagreements about the direction of the firm, or other opportunities. Others were fired by Musk. As I read the article, I wondered about more than whether whether talented managers will continue to flock to Tesla because of the exciting work and ambitious goals. I wondererd whether Tesla could be highly vulnerable right now, despite the fact that it has ramped up product and begun to turn a profit. Clearly, they build a beautiful car that has wowed consumers. They have cultivated high willingness-to-pay for a premium product. On the other hand, what if there's a problem with product quality or safety? What if an ambiguous risk or threat emerges? Will people be willing to share the bad news with Musk, or will such risks remain hidden? Could such a hidden risk become the firm's Achilles heel? Duhigg writes about pushing back if you disagreed with Musk: And a troubling trend emerged, according to former executives: If someone raised concerns or objections, Musk would sometimes pull the person’s manager aside and order that the offender be reassigned, or potentially terminated, or no longer invited to meetings. Some executives began excluding skeptics out of self-preservation. “If you were the kind of person who was likely to push back, you got disinvited, because VPs didn’t want anyone pissing off Elon,” one former executive who reported to Musk told me. “People were scared that someone would question something.” Those statements worry me a great deal. Bad news does not rise to the top in most organizations. It often remains hidden. Ambiguous risks certainly get downplayed or suppressed if leaders create the wrong kind of climate or environment within the firm. As the organization grows, it will become harder for Musk to know everything. Will people filter the information that he receives in ways that could become very problematic? Stay tuned. Labels: ambiguous threats, bad news, Charles Duhigg, Elon Musk, leadership, production hell, risks, Tesla New Website! (Blog Continues Here) I've published a new personal website. Check it out at www.professormichaelroberto.com You can find more information about my books, simulations, and Great Courses lectures there. The blog will remain at this URL, and I'll continue to post regularly. Thanks for being a loyal reader! Falling in Love with Rosy Scenarios Optimism can be a powerful force in an organization. Certainly, leaders need to be optimistic if they wish for the firm to accomplish ambitious goals and objectives. We won't get anywhere if people are always saying, "We can't do that. It's not realistic. That won't work here." Having said that, leaders sometimes fall in love with rosy scenarios. They fail to question assumptions, and they don't look closely enough at worst-case scenarios. David Breashears, the great mountaineer and accomplished filmmaker, once told me that some leaders are not really leaders; they are cheerleaders. He said that they never talk about failure. Breashears pointed out that you have to express confidence in your team, but you have to consider and prepare for failure scenarios. If you don't, you could die on a mountain. My experience suggests that many leaders don't want to talk about failure. They enjoy setting very ambitious targets and celebrate the notion of achieving the impossible. However, the best leaders understand precisely the nature of the challenge that they are setting forth for the organization. They might be setting aggressive targets, but they understand the risks. They have probed each assumption, and they recognize where things can go wrong. Researcher Gary Klein advocates the use of the pre-mortem, an exercise designed to imagine what failure might look like before you embark on a project, so that you can either build contingency plans or alter your initial strategy so as to enhance the odds of success. Many leaders do not utilize pre-mortems, though they are highly effective in institutions such as the military. In today's Wall Street Journal, Thomas Gryta and Ted Mann have penned an in-depth look at the fall of GE, based upon extensive interviews with current and former employees. At point, they describe former CEO Jeff Immelt's penchant for unbridled optimism. They offer this anecdote: Already the chief of GE’s largest business by sales, Bolze, 52 years old and square-jawed, was in the race to succeed Immelt, and he was about to add a huge new global portfolio of power plants and thousands of workers to his fiefdom. Moving through the slides, Bolze came to the proposed annual sales growth rate of the power business: 5%. There was ample reason for skepticism. Power had been struggling to meet targets, and its sales hadn’t grown that quickly in years. Global investment in new gas-fired power plants was slowing. Energy efficiency was on the rise. That meant future revenue from the highly profitable service contracts GE had signed was likely to fall, or at least to grow less quickly. Global gross domestic product, a reliable proxy for the power market, was below 4%. It was a rosy assumption that cried out for interrogation, the very point of the formal review. As the room watched, Immelt gave the desk in front of him a confident slap. “Great, next page,” he said. Immelt could be tough on executives in his own way in these briefings, but it wasn’t usually for being too optimistic. “Where’s the guy I used to know?” he would ask an underling who told him Immelt’s targets couldn’t be hit. When the mood soured, the tone changed. “Your people,” Immelt would say, “don’t want it bad enough.” The story is rather disconcerting, but don't think that GE and Immelt are unique. This story plays out in many organizations each day. The most successful leaders become comfortable with managing a delicate balancing act. They aim high, but they critically examine how failure might occur. They uncover hidden risks, and they probe for faulty assumptions and problematic strategies. They are healthy skeptics. Labels: bad news, failure, GE, leadership, optimism, overconfidence Are Reluctant Leaders More Effective? Source: Wikimedia Sam Walker has written an intriguing piece for the Wall Street Journal this week. The article's title is: "The Eisenhower Code: Happy to Serve, Reluctant to Lead." Walker recounts how Ike initially was not interested in running for president, after serving the country honorably and capably as a military leader. However, he eventually did choose to stand for election and became a very successful two-term president. Walker cites other reluctant leaders from George Washington to Moses, each of whom served their people very effectively. Walker points to research by Professor Laura Empson on the topic of reluctant leadership: "A 2014 study by London’s Cass Business School found that reluctant bosses are better at navigating office politics and maintaining control while also promoting autonomy. Because they came to power by doing hard work in the trenches, their leadership is often viewed as more legitimate." I'm quite sure reluctance is not a prerequisite for success, but there's something to the point that overly ambitious folks can sometimes get themselves into trouble. Walker then recounts the story of a hospital executive who reluctantly became CEO. Chuck Stokes served as the chief operating officer of a Houston-based hospital operator for many years. He did not want to be chief executive. However, he reluctantly took the job when he was called upon, and he served very capably. Walker concluded, "While Mr. Stokes has made a fine CEO, his ongoing reluctance raises an interesting question: Maybe the source of our leadership emergency isn’t a lack of talent, but the growing pile of things we expect leaders to do." Clearly, some very talented people are reluctant to became the chief executive because of the many demands on the job, including the external aspects of the role. Some highly successful folks simply don't want to deal with investors, the press, and other external constituents. They like to work diligently and quietly to execute, and they enjoy building great teams. It's an interesting point, and one that we have to consider given how many complex organizations are and how many directions we are pulling leaders in at times. Having said that, my experience suggests that many leaders don't do a great job of managing their time. They take on many external roles and tasks, when they perhaps should focus more on simply leading their company. It requires tough tradeoffs, but the best leaders recognize that there are limits to their time and attention. Labels: leadership, reluctant leadership Unlocking Creativity My new book, Unlocking Creativity, will be released one month from today, on January 7th, 2019. You can pre-order the book now. Thank you for taking a look at my new work! I look forward to hearing what you think! Labels: creativity, innovation, leadership, Unlocking Creativity Discussing Your Failures as a Leader Allison Wood Brooks and her colleagues have published a new working paper titled, "Mitigating Malicious Envy: Why Successful People Should Reveal Their Failures." These scholars argue that leaders need to discuss their failures openly. They should avoid simply talking about past success, because focusing only on past achievements can stir up "malicious envy" on the part of team members. Brooks explains, “When people feel malicious envy, they engage in counterproductive work to harm other people. They tend to undermine others and try to slow them down.” However, you might be thinking that discussing failures undermines people's perceptions of the leader's competence reduces their ability to inspire and motivate others to follow them. Brooks and her colleagues find that acknowledging past stumbles does not reduce admiration for the leader. You can read more about their research in this column from HBS Working Knowledge. Interestingly, other research suggests that there may be another important reason for leaders to open up about their failures. Research in the field of education by Xiaodong Lin-Siegler and her colleagues examined how students responded to stories told about the achievements of great scientists such as Albert Einstein, Marie Curie, and Michael Faraday. If students heard only heroic stories of their achievements, they performed worse in science class than if they heard stories of the challenges and obstacles that these scientists faced, and the failures on their path to great achievement. Students could identify more with those authentic stories of difficulty and challenge. Moreover, they were more confident in their own ability to excel in science if they heard these stories of challenge and triumph. The lesson is clear for leaders. You not only reduce malicious envy if you open up about past failures, but you may bolster the confidence of your team members. The belief in their ability to take on new challenges may rise, and as a result, performance of your team may increase as well. Most importantly, others' perception of your competence may not suffer if you are honest with them about past achievements and struggles. Labels: failure, leadership Four Models of Management from Legendary Rock Bands Ian Leslie has written a terrific story for The Economist's 1843 magazine titled, "A rocker's guide to management." In the essay, Leslie describes four models for organizing a great rock band and draws some conclusions about how to run a start-up and later a more complex business. Leslie writes, "The history of rock groups can be viewed as a vast experimental laboratory for studying the core problems of any business: how to make a group of talented people add up to more than the sum of its parts. And, once you’ve done that, how to keep the band together." He describes four models for how to run a rock band: Friends: "We Can Work It Out" - example: The Beatles Leslie cites research demonstrating that having friendships at work can enhance employee engagement and job satisfaction. Moreover, he notes that the intimate friendships of John, Paul, George, and Ringo meant that they could literally finish each other's sentences. Of course, working with your closest friends has its costs and risks. Differences of opinion on issues can turn emotional and interpersonal in a hurry. Fractures can result within a team. Autocracies: "I Won't Back Down" - example: Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers Leslie notes that Tom Petty used to lead the band in a very egalitarian fashion. He shared all profits equally. Soon, though, he realized that trying to operate as a team of equals proved problematic. He shifted toward a more top-down approach and no longer shared profits equally. People had a hard time accepting his decision at first, but eventually, they worked through their differences and remained a cohesive, productive band for decades. Leslie also points to "The Boss" - Bruce Springsteen - as an example of an autocratic approach. Springsteen once said, “Democracy in a band...is often a ticking time bomb. If I was going to carry the workload and responsibility, I might as well assume the power. I’ve always believed that the E Street Band’s continued existence is partially due to the fact that there was little to no role confusion among its members.” Some famous founders have operated autocracies successfully, but of course, autocracies come with serious downsides as well. The lack of empowerment can be very demotivating in many circumstances. Moreover, if the leader makes questionable decisions, and they remain unchallenged, team performance can suffer greatly. Democracies: "Everybody Hurts" - example: R.E.M. Democratic approaches in rock bands, as in startups, can be problematic at times, as people do not understand or accept their roles. Members find themselves stepping on each other's toes, and they fight over who deserves the credit. However, democracy worked for R.E.M. and for Coldplay. Leslie writes, "The democratic model depends on individual members believing that each has the group’s interest at heart, not just their own... R.E.M.’s decision-making process meant they exhibited confidence in each other every day. There must also be a belief in each other’s competence. Tony Fletcher, the biographer of R.E.M., says that “usually in a band there’s someone the others think isn’t good enough, or isn’t pulling their weight.” But that was never the case with R.E.M., all of whose members were skilled in multiple ways. “Everybody Hurts”, the band’s biggest hit, was largely written by the drummer, Bill Berry." Frenemies: "It's Only Rock 'n' Roll" - example: The Rolling Stones The Rolling Stones learned to respect one another and to divide up their responsibilities clearly. They each had a defined role. Mick Jagger ran the business, while Keith Richards focused on music. He didn't always like Jagger's decisions, but he deferred on business matters to this bandmate. They didn't always get along, but they tended to benefit from a level of constructive conflict and tension. One reason that they managed to survive as a group for so long is that they didn't let disagreements fester beneath the surface. They argued it out. Finding that perfect balance of conflict and compromise can be very challenging though. Many groups cannot prevent their issue-based disagreements from spilling over into the personal. Labels: Beatles, conflict, rock bands, Rolling Stones, teams, teamwork SNL Parody: Netflix Originals Check out this funny Saturday Night Live parody video, which takes aim at Netflix's strategy for creating tons of original content. It's a great way to start Monday morning! Labels: ambiguous threats, NetFlix, Saturday Night Live, strategy New Year's Resolutions: Put Your Imperfections Beh... Book Presentation at Business Value Forum: Februar... Christmas Stress: Gift Givers Need To Worry Less A... Boards of Directors: What Happens to Female Dissen... Is Tesla Highly Vulnerable to a Hidden Risk or Amb... Four Models of Management from Legendary Rock Band...

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clro20191210_def14a.htm SCHEDULE 14A (Rule 14a-101) SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Filed by the Registrant ☒ Filed by a Party other than the Registrant ☐ Check the appropriate box: Preliminary Proxy Statement. Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2)). Definitive Proxy Statement. Definitive Additional Materials. Soliciting Material Pursuant to §240.14a-12. ClearOne, Inc. (Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter) (Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than Registrant) Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box): No fee required. Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(4) and 0-11. Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies: Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined): Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction: Total fee paid: Fee paid previously with preliminary materials. Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the form or schedule and the date of its filing. Amount Previously Paid: Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.: Filing Party: Notice of 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders 9:30 a.m. Mountain time 5225 Wiley Post Way, Suite 500, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 December 10, 2019. Only shareholders of record at the close of business on the record date are entitled to receive notice of, and to vote at, the Annual Meeting. All shareholders are cordially invited to attend the meeting and vote in person. However, to ensure your representation at the meeting, you are urged to vote as promptly as possible, whether via the Internet, by telephone, or, by marking, signing, dating, and returning the enclosed proxy in the postage-prepaid envelope enclosed for that purpose. Any shareholder attending the meeting may vote in person even if such shareholder has previously submitted a proxy. If you need to obtain directions on how to attend the Annual Meeting and vote in person, please contact our corporate offices at +1 (801) 975-7200. Items of business 1. To elect four members of our Board of Directors; 2. To approve, by non-binding advisory vote, the compensation of our named executive officers as described under the “Executive Compensation” heading of this Proxy Statement accompanying this Notice of 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders; 4. To recommend, by non-binding vote, the frequency of advisory vote on compensation of named executive officers; 5. To transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting or any adjournment thereof. The items of business are more fully described in the proxy statement accompanying this notice. Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on December 30, 2019. Because we have elected to utilize the “full set delivery” option, we are delivering to all shareholders paper copies of all of our proxy materials, including a proxy card, as well as providing access to our proxy materials on a publicly accessible website. Our Proxy Statement and Annual Report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 are available on our corporate website and may be accessed at www.clearone.com under “Investor Relations”. By the order of the Board of Directors, Narsi Narayanan This proxy statement is solicited by and on behalf of the Board of Directors of ClearOne, Inc., a Delaware corporation (hereinafter referred to as the “Company,” “ClearOne,” “we,” “us” or “our”), for use at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “Annual Meeting”), to be held on December 30, 2019 at 5225 Wiley Post Way, Suite 500, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, at 9:30 A.M. local time, or at any continuations thereof. These proxy solicitation materials will be distributed on or about December 18, 2019 to all shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS REGARDING THE ANNUAL MEETING What is the purpose of this Proxy Statement and accompanying Proxy? A Proxy Statement is a document that the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) require us to give you when we ask you to sign a proxy designating individuals to vote on your behalf. A proxy is your legal designation of another person to vote the stock you own and are entitled to vote. That other person is called a proxy. If you designate someone as your proxy in a written document, that document is also called a proxy or a proxy card. We have designated two of our officers with full power of substitution as proxies for the Annual Meeting. These officers are Zeynep Hakimoglu and Narsi Narayanan. The Board of Directors is soliciting your proxy to give all shareholders of record the opportunity to vote on matters that will be presented at the Annual Meeting. This Proxy Statement provides you with information on these matters to assist you in voting your shares. What is the purpose of the Annual Meeting? The purpose of the Annual Meeting is to: (i) elect four directors; (ii) approve, by non-binding advisory vote, the compensation of our named executive officers as described under the heading “Executive Compensation;” (iii) to recommend, by non-binding vote, the frequency of advisory vote on compensation of named executive officers; and (iv) to transact any such other business that properly comes before the Annual Meeting (each a “Proposal,” and collectively, the “Proposals”). Although the Board of Directors does not anticipate that any other issues will come before the Annual Meeting, your completed and executed proxy gives the official proxies the right to vote your shares that you are entitled to vote in their discretion on any other matter properly brought before the Annual Meeting. What is the record date for voting at the Annual Meeting? The record date for purposes of determining the number of outstanding shares of our common stock eligible to vote at the Annual Meeting, and for determining the shareholders entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting, is the close of business on December 10, 2019 (the “Record Date”). As of the Record Date, 16,646,323 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding. No other series of stock is outstanding. Holders of the shares of common stock have no preemptive rights. The transfer agent for the common stock is: Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solutions Brentwood, NY 11717 1 (877) 830-4936. What is the quorum requirement for the Annual Meeting? A quorum must be present at the meeting in order for the shareholders to take official action. Under Delaware law and our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, a quorum will exist if a majority of the total number of shares entitled to vote are present, in person or by proxy. Abstentions, which are described below, will be counted as “represented” for the purpose of determining the presence or absence of a quorum. What is a broker non-vote and how is it counted? Under applicable rules, brokers are permitted to vote their customers’ stock held in street name on routine matters when the brokers have not received voting instructions from their customers. However, brokers are not allowed to vote their customers’ stock held in street name on non-routine matters unless they have received voting instructions from their customers. In such cases, the uninstructed shares for which the broker is unable to vote are called broker non-votes. What routine matters will be voted on at the Annual Meeting? There are no routine matters on which brokers may vote in their discretion on behalf of customers who have not provided voting instructions. Accordingly, there will be no broker non-votes at the Annual Meeting. What non-routine matters will be voted on at the Annual Meeting? The election of directors, the advisory vote on the compensation of our named executive officers and the advisory vote on the frequency of the advisory vote on the compensation of named executive officers are non-routine matters on which brokers are not allowed to vote unless they have received voting instructions from their customers. Your broker will not be allowed to vote your shares on any non-routine matters without your specific instructions. Accordingly, it is particularly important that beneficial owners instruct their brokers how they wish to vote their shares. How many votes are needed to approve each Proposal? On all matters, except as otherwise provided by Delaware law, each holder of common stock will be entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held on the Record Date. Assuming that a quorum is present, the votes needed to approve each Proposal are set forth below. Proposal one: In the election of directors, shareholders will not be allowed to cumulate their votes. The election of directors will be determined by plurality vote. Proposal two: The Proposal to approve, by non-binding advisory vote, the compensation of our named executive officers requires that the votes cast in favor of the Proposal must exceed the votes cast against the Proposal. Proposal three: The option that receives the highest number of votes cast by shareholders for the frequency of the advisory vote on compensation of our named executive officers will be considered to be the shareholders’ preferred frequency for such advisory vote. Abstentions will not affect the outcome of the election of directors, the advisory vote on the compensation of our named executive officers and the advisory vote on the frequency of advisory vote on the compensation of named executive officers. Other Matters: Any other matter properly presented for approval by the shareholders at the Annual Meeting will generally be approved if the number of votes cast in favor of such matter exceeds the number of votes cast in opposition. With respect to any such matter, abstentions and broker non-votes are not likely to affect the outcome of a vote on such matter. We are not currently aware of any other matters to be presented at the Annual Meeting. What are the Board of Director’s recommendations on the Proposals? The Board of Directors recommends that shareholders cast their votes on the Proposals as follows: “FOR” all director nominees listed in the proxy statement, “FOR” by non-binding advisory vote, the approval of the compensation of our named executive officers, and “FOR” a frequency of every three years for the non-binding, advisory vote on the frequency of the advisory vote on the compensation of our named executive officers. What is the effect of an “advisory” vote? Because your votes with respect to approval of our named executive officer compensation and the frequency of future advisory votes on the approval of compensation of named executive officers are advisory, they will not be binding upon the Board. However, our Compensation Committee and the Board will take the outcomes of the votes into account when considering future executive compensation arrangements of our named executive officers. What is the difference between a “shareholder of record” and a “street name” holder? These terms describe how your shares are held. If your shares are registered directly in your name with Broadridge, our transfer agent, you are a “shareholder of record.” If your shares are held in the name of a brokerage, bank, trust or other nominee as a custodian, you are a “street name” holder. Will I get more than one copy of the proxy statement, annual report or Notice of Internet Availability if there are multiple shareholders at my address? In some cases, only one copy of this proxy statement, annual report or Notice of Internet Availability is being delivered to multiple shareholders sharing an address unless we have received contrary instructions from one or more of the shareholders. We will deliver promptly, upon a written or oral request, a separate copy of this proxy statement, annual report or Notice of Internet Availability to a shareholder at a shared address to which a single copy of the document was delivered. Shareholders sharing an address may also submit requests for delivery of a single copy of the proxy statement, annual report or Notice of Internet Availability, but in such event will still receive separate proxies for each account. To request separate or single delivery of these materials now or in the future, a shareholder may submit a written request to the Corporate Secretary, ClearOne, Inc., 5225 Wiley Post Way, Suite 500, Salt Lake City, Utah 84116 or a shareholder may make a request by calling the Corporate Secretary at +1 (801) 975-7200, or by contacting our transfer agent, Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solutions P.O. Box 1342, Brentwood, NY 11717 or calling +1 (877) 830-4936. If your shares of common stock are held in street name by a broker, bank or other nominee, you will receive information from your nominee as to how to instruct them to vote your shares of common stock for each of the Proposals discussed in this proxy statement. If you are a shareholder of record and hold common stock in your own name, you may give instructions on how to vote your shares of common stock by following the instructions on the proxy card or Notice of Internet Availability on how to vote over the Internet, by phone, or by mail by completing, signing, dating and returning the proxy card. By completing and submitting the proxy (whether over the internet, by telephone, or by signing, dating and mailing the accompanying proxy card), the shareholder authorizes Zeynep Hakimoglu, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Narsi Narayanan, Corporate Secretary, as designated on the face of the proxy, to vote all shares for the shareholder. All proxies that are properly completed and submitted will be voted as the shareholder directs. If no direction is given, executed proxies will be voted FOR each proposal set forth in this proxy statement. Votes will be tabulated by Broadridge. How do I revoke my proxy? You may revoke your proxy before the vote is taken at the Annual Meeting by: completing, signing and submitting a new proxy with a later date; attending the Annual Meeting and voting in person; or filing a signed, written notice of revocation with the Corporate Secretary of the Company. Your attendance at the Annual Meeting will not automatically revoke your proxy. If the common stock you own is held on your behalf by a broker, bank or other nominee, you must contact the nominee to receive instructions as to how you can revoke your proxy. You may obtain an additional proxy card by writing to Corporate Secretary, ClearOne, Inc., 5225 Wiley Post Way, Suite 500, Salt Lake City, Utah 84116. Where can I find the voting results of the Annual Meeting? We will announce the preliminary voting results at the Annual Meeting and disclose the final voting results in a current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC within four (4) business days of the date of the Annual Meeting, unless only preliminary voting results are available at that time. To the extent necessary, we will file an amended report on Form 8-K to disclose the final voting results within four business days after the final voting results are known. You may access or obtain a copy of these and our other reports filed with the SEC free of charge on our web site at http://www.clearone.com. Also, such Form 8-K, any amendments thereto and other reports we file with the SEC are available to you over the Internet at the SEC’s web site at http://www.sec.gov. How can I view the shareholder list? A complete list of shareholders of record entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting will be available for viewing during ordinary business hours for a period of ten (10) days before the Annual Meeting at our offices located at 5225 Wiley Post Way, Suite 500, Salt Lake City, Utah 84116. Who pays for the proxy solicitation related to the Annual Meeting? We will bear the costs of the solicitation. The solicitation of proxies by the Board of Directors will be conducted primarily by mail and through the Internet. Additionally, our officers, directors and employees may solicit proxies personally or by telephone, email or other forms of wire or facsimile communication. These officers, directors and employees will not receive any extra compensation for these services. We may reimburse brokers, custodians, nominees and fiduciaries for reasonable expenses incurred by them in forwarding proxy material to beneficial owners of our common stock as of the record date. How can I obtain a copy of the Annual Report? Our 2018 Annual Report has been made available to shareholders with this proxy statement. You may also access or obtain a copy of our 2018 Annual Report, Form 10-K, Form 10-K/A and other reports filed with the SEC free of charge on our web site at http://www.clearone.com, or at the SEC's web site at http://www.sec.gov. The 2018 Annual Report contains financial and other information about our company, but is not incorporated into this proxy statement and is not to be considered a part of these proxy soliciting materials or subject to Regulations 14A or 14C or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The information contained in the “Audit and Compliance Committee Report” shall not be deemed “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission or subject to Regulations 14A or 14C or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. We will provide, without charge, a printed copy of our 2018 Annual Report to each shareholder of record as of the record date that requests a copy in writing. Any such requests should be directed to our Corporate Secretary at our corporate offices set forth in this proxy statement. PROPOSAL ONE ELECTION OF DIRECTORS Our Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws provide that our Board of Directors shall consist of not less than three or more than nine members as determined by the Board of Directors or our shareholders from time to time. The Board of Directors has currently fixed the number of directors at four. The term of each of our directors expires at the 2019 Annual Meeting. We have nominated current directors Ms. Hakimoglu, Mr. Hendricks, Mr. Robinson and Mr. Whaley for election at the meeting to serve until the next Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified. In the event any nominee is unable to serve, the proxies will be voted for a substitute nominee, if any, to be designated by our Board of Directors. The Board of Directors has no reason to believe any nominee will be unable or will decline to serve as a director. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE "FOR" ELECTION OF THE DIRECTOR NOMINEES NAMED HEREIN. Directors and Nominees for Director The following table sets forth certain information regarding our current directors, including the three nominees for re-election as directors at the Annual Meeting. Director Since Zeynep “Zee” Hakimoglu Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and President (4) See Note 4 Larry R. Hendricks Director (1)(2)(3) Eric. L Robinson Bruce Whaley Member of the Audit and Compliance Committee Member of the Compensation Committee Member of the Nominating Committee Officer since July 2004; Director since April 2006; Chairman of the Board since July 2007. Zee Hakimoglu is our President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman. She joined our company in December 2003 as Vice President of Product Line Management and was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer in July 2004; she has served as a director of our company since April 2006 and was named Chairman of the Board in July 2007. Prior to joining ClearOne, Ms. Hakimoglu has held senior executive level positions for a variety of high-tech Silicon Valley firms in such areas as business development, product marketing, engineering and product-line management. She served as Vice President of Product Line Management for Oplink Communications, a publicly traded developer of fiber optic subsystems and components, from December 2001 to December 2002; and, President of OZ Optics USA, a manufacturer of fiber optic test equipment and components, from August 2000 to November 2001. From October 1998 to August 2000, she was Vice President of Business Development for Kaifa Technology and was instrumental in its acquisition by E-Tek Dynamics and later by JDS Uniphase. Through these acquisitions, she held the role of Deputy General Manager of the Kaifa Technology business unit. From May 1982 until it was acquired in September 1996, Ms. Hakimoglu held various positions including Vice President of Wireless Engineering and Vice President of the Wireless Business Unit for Aydin Corp., a global telecommunications equipment company that formerly traded on the New York Stock Exchange. Ms. Hakimoglu earned a Bachelor of Science Degree in Physics from California State College, Sonoma, and a Master's Degree in Physics from Drexel University. In light of Ms. Hakimoglu's rich experience in the high-tech industry and her unique and extensive understanding of ClearOne's business, our Board has concluded that Ms. Hakimoglu should continue to serve as a director. Larry R. Hendricks has served as a director of our company since June 2003. Mr. Hendricks is a Certified Public Accountant who retired in December 2002 after serving as Vice President of Finance and General Manager of Daily Foods, Inc., a national meat processing company. During his 30-year career in accounting, he served as a self-employed CPA and worked for the international accounting firm Peat Marwick & Mitchell. Mr. Hendricks has served on the boards of eight other organizations, including Tunex International, Habitat for Humanity, Daily Foods, Skin Care International, and the National Advisory Board of the Huntsman College of Business at Utah State University. He earned a Bachelor's Degree in Accounting from Utah State University and a Master of Business Administration Degree from the University of Utah. In light of Mr. Hendricks' background in finance and accounting and his deep understanding of our business due to his long service on our Board, the Board has concluded Mr. Hendricks should continue to serve as a director. Eric. L Robinson has served as a director of our company since July 2015. Mr. Robinson spent fourteen years in private practice as a corporate attorney, including eleven years as a partner in the Salt Lake City, Utah law firm of Blackburn & Stoll, LC. Mr. Robinson's law practice focused on securities, corporate and other business transactions. Since 2009, Mr. Robinson has been principally employed by MicroPower Global Limited, a company in the semiconductor business. At MicroPower, Mr. Robinson has acted as General Counsel, Chief Financial Officer and a director. Mr. Robinson also maintains a small law practice and serves as counsel to a number of companies in the fields of genetics, regenerative medicine, transportation and commercial construction. He also served as General Counsel, Chief Financial Officer and a director to a genetic research company from 2008 until 2015. Mr. Robinson previously acted as General Counsel and Chief Financial Officer to a commercial construction company from 2007 until 2008 which had revenues in excess of $100 million during his tenure. Mr. Robinson previously served as chief financial officer, in-house counsel, secretary and treasurer of ActiveCare, Inc. from July 2016 until his voluntary resignation in June 2017, and subsequent to Mr. Robinson’s departure, ActiveCare filed a voluntary bankruptcy petition under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code on July 15, 2018. His legal practice includes working with companies in connection with public and private offerings of securities, corporate partnering, mergers and acquisitions, licensing technology transfer, contracts and construction. He graduated from the University of Utah with honors with a B.S. degree in accounting and he subsequently passed the CPA exam (unlicensed). He graduated from Vanderbilt University with a J.D. where he graduated Order of the Coif and acted as a Managing Editor of the Law Review. Mr. Robinson has previously served as corporate and securities legal counsel to the Company and the Company's largest shareholder, E. Dallin Bagley. In light of Mr. Robinson’s legal and financial background, the Board has concluded that Mr. Robinson should continue to serve as a director. Bruce Whaley was appointed a director of our company effective April 16, 2019. Mr. Whaley has extensive experience as a stock broker for nearly five decades. Mr. Whaley is currently a broker trading at Wilson & Davis, a regional brokerage firm based in Salt Lake City, Utah. He has been with Wilson & Davis since 1988. Mr Whaley also holds a real estate license and works as a real estate agent for Coldwell Banker. Mr. Whaley attended University of Utah between 1968 and 1971 and studied business administration, accounting and finance. He did not graduate with a degree. In light of Mr. Whaley's background in finance and capital markets, the Board concluded it was appropriate that Mr. Whaley be appointed and continue to serve as a director. Information Relating to Corporate Governance and the Board of Directors Our Board of Directors has determined, after considering all the relevant facts and circumstances, that Messrs. Hendricks, Robinson and Whaley are independent directors, as “independence” is defined by the listing standards of NASDAQ. This determination was made because Messrs. Hendricks, Robinson and Whaley have no relationship with us that would interfere with their exercise of independent judgment. Our Board of Directors has an Audit and Compliance Committee, a Compensation Committee, and a Nominating Committee, each consisting entirely of independent directors. Our Board of Directors has adopted charters for the Audit and Compliance, Compensation and Nominating Committees describing the authority and responsibilities delegated to each committee by the Board. We post on our website at www.clearone.com the charters of our Audit and Compliance, Compensation and Nominating Committees, our Code of Ethics, and any amendments or waivers thereto and any other corporate governance materials contemplated by SEC or NASDAQ regulations. These documents are also available in print to any shareholder requesting a copy in writing from our Corporate Secretary at our corporate offices located at the address set forth in this proxy statement. Board Leadership Structure; Lead Independent Director The Board has no formal policy on whether the role of the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer should be held by separate persons. We believe it is important to maintain flexibility to have either combined offices or a separate Chairman and Chief Executive Officer structure as circumstances dictate and to make that determination based on the strategic and operational position and direction of the company and the character of the membership of the Board. The Board believes our current management structure, with Zee Hakimoglu serving as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, is the optimal structure for us at this time. Ms. Hakimoglu possesses detailed and in-depth knowledge of the operational issues, opportunities and challenges facing the Company and its business, and also has a keen understanding of and ability to grasp our strategic position and opportunities. Given Ms. Hakimoglu’s particular skills and knowledge, as well as our size and stage of development, we believe Ms. Hakimoglu is best positioned to identify strategic priorities, develop agendas that the Board’s time and attention should be focused on as the most critical matters, and to lead the discussion and execution of strategy. The Chief Executive Officer and the independent directors have different perspectives and roles in strategy development. The Chief Executive Officer brings Company-specific experience and expertise, while the Company’s independent directors bring experience, oversight, and expertise from outside the Company and its industry. The Board believes its independent directors provide effective oversight of management, and that the combined role of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman promotes the development and execution of strategy and facilitates the flow of information between management and the Board, which is essential to effective corporate governance. The Board believes the combined role of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, together with a Board whose majority of directors are independent and the current Lead Independent Director, provides the appropriate balance between independent oversight of management and the development of strategy. Board Role in Risk Oversight The Board of Directors is responsible for overseeing the management of the business and affairs of the Company, but delegates day-to-day management of the Company to the Chief Executive Officer and our executive management team. The Board of Directors is generally responsible for risk oversight, and the Audit and Compliance Committee assists the Board in fulfilling its responsibilities for general oversight of risk assessment and risk management. In addition, the other Board committees are also tasked with specific risk oversight functions pursuant to the terms of the committee charters or applicable NASDAQ rules. The Board as a whole and the various standing committees, in performing their respective risk oversight functions, have access to our company’s management team and external advisors, as necessary, and receive periodic presentations and reports from management, and incidental reports as matters arise with respect to strategic, operational, financial, legal or other risks and the plans management has to control such risks. Committees of the Board of Directors Audit and Compliance Committee. The Audit and Compliance Committee meets to review and discuss our accounting practices and procedures with management and independent public accountants and to review our quarterly and annual financial statements. The Audit and Compliance Committee assists the Board of Directors in fulfilling its responsibility for oversight of the quality and integrity of our accounting, auditing, and reporting practices. The Audit and Compliance Committee’s primary duties include reviewing the scope and adequacy of our internal accounting and financial controls; reviewing the independence of our independent registered public accounting firm; approving the scope of our independent registered public accounting firm’s audit activities; approving the fees of our independent registered public accounting firm; approving any non-audit related services; reviewing the audit results; reviewing the objectivity and effectiveness of our internal audit function; and reviewing our financial reporting activities and the application of accounting standards and principles. The members of the Audit and Compliance Committee are Eric L. Robinson (Chairman), Larry R. Hendricks and Bruce Whaley. Each member of the audit committee, in addition to being independent under the standards of NASDAQ, is independent under the standards of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and regulations pertaining to listed company audit committees. The Board of Directors has determined that Eric L. Robinson is an "audit committee financial expert" in accordance with applicable rules and regulations of the SEC. Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee is responsible for overseeing, reviewing, and approving our executive compensation and benefit programs and administers the Company’s equity incentive plans for employees. Under its charter, the Compensation Committee may delegate authority to subcommittees of the Compensation Committee or to executive officers of the Company, particularly the President and CEO with respect to compensation determinations for persons who are not executive officers of the Company. The members of the Compensation Committee are Bruce Whaley (Chairman), Larry R. Hendricks and Eric L. Robinson. Our compensation objectives for executive officers are as follows: to attract and retain highly qualified individuals capable of making significant contributions to the long-term success of our company; to use incentive compensation to reinforce strategic performance objectives; to align the interest of our executives with the interests of our shareholders such that the risks and rewards of strategic decisions are shared; and to reflect the value of each officer’s position in the marketplace and within our company. Policies and Practices Related to ClearOne’s Compensation Program. We strive to create an overall compensation package for each executive officer that satisfies the aforementioned objectives, recognizing that certain elements of compensation are better suited to reflect different compensation objectives. For example, as base salaries are the only element of compensation that are fixed in amount in advance of the year in which the compensation will be earned, the Compensation Committee believes that it is most appropriate to determine base salaries with a focus on the market practices for similarly situated officers at comparable companies as adjusted to reflect the individual officer’s performance during the preceding year. In contrast, cash bonuses and long-term incentives are better able to reflect our company’s performance as measured by financial metrics and are well-suited to motivate officers to achieve specific performance goals that the Compensation Committee has determined are in the best interests of our company. Equity grants are also well-suited to drive long-term performance and align management’s interests with those of shareholders. The Compensation Committee believes that as an officer’s responsibility increases, so does his or her ability to influence the performance of our company and accordingly, the proportion of his or her compensation that consists of his or her salary and cash bonus should decrease while the proportion of equity incentives to total compensation should increase. Comparable Companies. In making compensation decisions, including assessing the competitiveness of the total compensation structure for each named executive officer, the Compensation Committee considers compensation survey data from companies that the Compensation Committee has selected as comparable in terms of industry, size and location. The Compensation Committee periodically reviews the companies that are included as comparable companies and makes revisions to the group as appropriate. The Compensation Committee also reviews executive compensation information for several Utah based publicly-traded companies having revenues similar to those of the Company. The Compensation Committee has reviewed this compensation data to ensure the company’s compensation of our executives is reasonable. Equity Grant Practices. The Compensation Committee recognizes the importance of equity ownership in the alignment of shareholder and management interests. The exercise price of each stock option awarded to our executive officers under our incentive compensation programs is equal to the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant, which is the date when the Compensation Committee acts to approve equity awards for senior executives. Performance-based equity awards are also granted to our named executive officers at this time. The Compensation Committee establishes the criteria, and directs the implementation, of all compensation program elements for the executive officers. Generally, the base salary for each named executive officer is set at the beginning of each fiscal year by our Board of Directors after review of the recommendation of the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee considers the Chief Executive Officer’s appraisal of other executive officers’ general performance and looks especially to performance against predetermined goals before making its recommendation to the Board of Directors. In the past, the Compensation Committee has authorized the Chief Executive Officer to recruit executive officers and offer initial base salaries. The Chief Executive Officer recommends for the Compensation Committee’s approval the stock option grants and compensation related to achievement of non-quantitative goals under non-equity-based incentive plans for other executive officers. The Compensation Committee did not employ any compensation consultants during the year ended December 31, 2018. Nominating Committee. The Nominating Committee is responsible for overseeing the nomination of our directors. The Nominating Committee selects, evaluates, and recommends to the full Board of Directors qualified candidates for election to the Board of Directors. The members of the Nominating Committee are Larry R. Hendricks (Chairman), Eric L. Robinson, and Bruce Whaley. The Board of Directors will consider recommendations by shareholders for director nominees if the names of those nominees and relevant biographical information are submitted in writing to our company’s Secretary in the manner described for shareholder nominations below under the heading “Shareholder Proposals.” The Nominating Committee identifies and evaluates nominees for our Board of Directors, including nominees recommended by shareholders, based on numerous factors it considers appropriate, some of which may include strength of character, mature judgment, career specialization, relevant technical skills, diversity, and the extent to which the nominee would fill a present need on our Board of Directors. Although the Nominating Committee does not have a formal policy with regard to the consideration of diversity in identifying director nominees, the Nominating Committee strives to nominate directors with a variety of complementary skills so that, as a group, the Board will possess the appropriate talent, skills and expertise to oversee the Company’s business. All director nominations, whether submitted by a shareholder, the Nominating Committee, or the Board of Directors, will be evaluated in the same manner. All of the current nominees for director were recommended by the Nominating Committee and nominated by the Board of Directors. All director nominees have consented to serve as directors, if elected, until the next Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until their successors are elected and qualified and have consented to be named as nominees. Our Board of Directors held a total of eleven meetings in 2018. No director attended fewer than 75% of the aggregate of (i) the total number of meetings of the Board of Directors; and (ii) the total number of meetings held by all committees of the Board of Directors on which such director was a member. Although we currently have no formal policy with respect to the attendance of members of the Board of Directors at the Annual Meetings of Shareholders, we encourage each of our directors to attend each annual meeting of shareholders. To that end, and to the extent reasonably practicable, we regularly schedule a meeting of the Board of Directors on the same day as our annual meeting of shareholders. All members of our current Board of Directors except Bruce Whaley, who was not a director at that time, attended the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. In 2018, the Audit and Compliance Committee held nine meetings, the Compensation Committee held no meetings, and the Nominating Committee held two meetings. The Board of Directors adopted a code of ethics that applies to our Board of Directors, executive officers, and employees. The Company's Code of Ethics is posted on our website at www.clearone.com. Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, as amended, requires our directors, executive officers and persons who own more than 10% of a registered class of our equity securities to file with the SEC initial reports of ownership on Form 3 and reports of changes of ownership of our equity securities on Forms 4 and 5. Officers, directors, and greater than 10% shareholders are required to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) reports they file. Based solely on a review of the reports and amendments to reports furnished to us for the year ended December 31, 2018, we believe that each person who, at any time during such fiscal year was a director, officer, or beneficial owner of more than 10% of our common stock complied with all Section 16(a) filing requirements during such period. The following table sets forth certain information regarding our executive officers. Officer Since Zeynep Hakimoglu Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and President Senior Vice President of Finance and Corporate Secretary For the biography of Ms. Hakimoglu, see “Directors and Nominees for Director.” Narsi Narayanan (now serving as Senior Vice President of Finance) has served as our Vice President of Finance since July 2009 and has more than two decades of professional experience in the areas of accounting, finance and taxes. Prior to joining our company, he managed the SEC reporting, US GAAP accounting research, Sarbanes-Oxley Act (“SOX”) compliance and other financial reporting functions from August 2007 through February 2009 at Solo Cup Company, a publicly-reporting international consumer products company. Prior to that, Mr. Narayanan managed the accounting and finance functions, including SEC Reporting, SOX compliance and US GAAP accounting research, from June 2004 through August 2007 at eCollege.com, a leading technology company serving private educational institutions, which was also a publicly-reporting company before being acquired by Pearson Education group. In addition to being a Chartered Accountant, Mr. Narayanan has extensive experience working in public accounting and in senior finance positions in India with a large conglomerate. He is a Certified Public Accountant with graduate degrees in accounting (University of Utah, M. Acc.) and business (University of Illinois, MBA-Finance). The following table sets forth the compensation paid or earned by each named executive officer for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE Name and Principal Position Non-Equity Compensation(2) Zeynep Hakimoglu - Chief Executive Officer and President $ 355,000 $ — $ — $ — $ 355,000 353,077 132,700 39,118 — $ 524,895 Narsi Narayanan - Senior Vice President of Finance 196,019 66,350 16,544 — 278,913 Michael Braithwaite - Senior Vice President - Network Streaming Business (3) $ 13,263 $ — $ — $ 52,356 $ 65,619 181,404 16,588 5,000 — 202,992 The amounts in the “Option Awards” column reflect the aggregate grant date fair value of awards of stock options granted pursuant to our long-term incentive plans during the periods reported above, computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation. The assumptions made in the valuation of our stock option awards and the material terms of the stock option awards are disclosed in Note 9 - Share Based Payments in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part IV of the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. No stock options were granted in 2018. Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation for Ms. Hakimoglu and Mr. Narayanan is based upon the achievement of pre-determined quarterly goals, namely, financial goals comprising of revenue, gross margin, operating income and meeting reporting deadlines, and non-quantitative performance goals. Mr. Braithwaite’s compensation plan is based upon attainment of revenue of a certain product group. Non-quantitative goals varied for each executive officer. Examples of non-quantitative goals include introduction of a new product, identification of a new distribution opportunity, implementing internal controls, and improving product quality. The Chief Executive Officer recommends to the Compensation Committee the compensation for achievement or partial achievement of any such predetermined goal by the other two executive officers which is then determined by the Compensation Committee. Compensation under the non-equity incentive plan for Ms. Hakimoglu and Mr. Narayanan is calculated by assigning 70% weight to financial goals and 30% to non-quantitative goals. Neither Ms. Hakimoglu nor Mr. Narayanan met their goals for the year ended December 31, 2018, and consequently did not receive any incentive bonuses or discretionary bonuses for 2018. Ms. Hakimoglu’s compensation for the year ended December 31, 2017 included a $22,324 bonus for achieving certain of her financial goals, a $10,294 bonus for achieving certain of her non-quantitative goals, and $6,500 paid as discretionary bonus. Mr. Narayanan’s compensation for the year ended December 31, 2017 included a $12,887 bonus for achieving certain of his financial goals, and a $3,657 bonus for achieving certain of his non-quantitative goals. On January 4, 2018, the Company terminated Michael Braithwaite’s employment. In connection with Mr. Braithwaite’s separation from the Company, on January 9, 2018 Mr. Braithwaite entered into a Confidential Separation Agreement and General Release with the Company (the “Separation Agreement”). Under the terms of the Separation Agreement, Mr. Braithwaite was paid cash severance of $52,356 for a customary general release of claims. OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR-END The following table provides information on the holdings of stock options by the named executive officers as of December 31, 2018. Unexercised Unexercisable(1) One-third of the shares underlying each stock option vest on the first anniversary of the grant date and the remaining shares vest equally over a period of 24 months following the first anniversary of the grant date. GRANTS OF PLAN-BASED AWARDS There were no grants of plan-based awards to named executive officers in 2018. OPTION EXERCISES AND STOCK VESTED There were no exercises of stock options by named executive officers during 2018. There were no equity awards that vested for the named executive officers during 2018. Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control Employment Agreements. As of the year ended December 31, 2018, none of our named executive officers was party to an employment or severance agreement with us, and each named executive officer’s employment was on an “at-will” basis, permitting either us or the executive to terminate his or her employment for any reason or for no reason. Separation Agreement with Mr. Braithwaite. On January 4, 2018, the Company terminated Michael Braithwaite as the Company’s Senior Vice President - Network Streaming Business and an employee of the Company. In connection with Mr. Braithwaite’s separation from the Company, on January 9, 2018 Mr. Braithwaite entered into a Confidential Separation Agreement and General Release with the Company (the “Separation Agreement”). Under the terms of the Separation Agreement, Mr. Braithwaite was paid all unpaid base salary and accrued but unused vacation time through the Separation Date. The Company also paid Mr. Braithwaite cash severance of $52,355.85 as additional consideration for a customary general release of claims. Accelerated Stock Option Vesting Upon a Change in Control. For certain option grants to executive officers and directors, in the event of a change in control, all of such optionee’s unvested stock options will vest and become exercisable immediately prior to the event or the closing of the transaction causing the change in control. Under the option grants, a “Change in Control” means a change in ownership or control of the Company effected through either of the following transactions: (i) the acquisition, directly or indirectly, by any person or related group of persons (other than the Company or a person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Company), of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) of securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Company’s outstanding securities pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made directly to the Company’s shareholders, or (ii) a change in the composition of the Board over a period of thirty-six (36) consecutive months or less, such that a majority of the Board members ceases, by reason of one or more contested elections for Board membership, to be comprised of individuals who either (A) have been Board members continuously since the beginning of such period or (B) have been elected or nominated for election as Board members during such period by at least a majority of the Board members described in clause (A) who were still in office at the time the Board approved such election or nomination. Except as otherwise set forth in an option grant, in the event of a change in control of our company, the Board of Directors has the sole authority to elect that the vesting of each outstanding option automatically accelerate so that each such option shall, immediately prior to the effective date of the corporate transaction, become fully exercisable for all of the shares of common stock at the time subject to such option and may be exercised for any or all of those shares as fully vested shares of common stock. At our current stock price of about $1.75, none of our named executive officers would benefit from any potential accelerated vesting of unvested stock options. The following table summarizes the compensation paid by us to non-employee directors for the year ended December 31, 2018. Ms. Hakimoglu did not receive additional compensation for her service as a director. Fees Earned or Paid in Cash(1) Brad R. Baldwin (3) $ 31,000 $ — $ — $ 31,000 34,258 — — 34,258 Eric L. Robinson The base annual director’s fee for the reporting year was $30,000. In addition, independent directors were paid $100 per month for each board committee served on, and an additional $300 per month if the director was the chair of the Audit and Compliance Committee or Compensation Committee. The fee is not dependent on the number of meetings attended by any directors. Prior to 2018, non-employee directors received an annual grant of a stock option to purchase 10,000 shares of common stock as part of their compensation. The Board terminated the annual grant of stock options to non-employee directors in 2018, and consequently no stock options were awarded to non-employee directors in 2018. Brad Baldwin’s tenure as a director of the Company ended on October 25, 2018. Historically, the Company's non-employee directors have received an annual grant of stock options to purchase 10,000 shares of the Company's common stock, of which one-third of the shares vest on the first anniversary of the grant date, and the remaining vest in equal monthly increments over the subsequent 24-month period. However, the Board decided to terminate the annual stock option award to non-employee directors in 2018, and consequently, no such grants were made in 2018. All directors are reimbursed by the Company for their out-of-pocket travel and related expenses, if any, incurred in attending all Board of Directors and committee meetings. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE We recognize that transactions between us and any of our directors, executives or other related persons can present potential or actual conflicts of interest and create the appearance that our decisions are based on considerations other than the best interests of our company and shareholders. Therefore, as a general matter and in accordance with our Code of Ethics, it is our preference to avoid such transactions. Nevertheless, we recognize that there are situations where such transactions may be in, or may not be inconsistent with, the best interests of our company. Under the terms of its charter, our Audit and Compliance Committee reviews and, if appropriate, approves or ratifies any such transactions. Pursuant to the charter, the Committee will review any transaction in which we are or will be a participant and the amount involved exceeds $120,000, and in which any of our directors or executives had, has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. After its review, the Committee will only approve or ratify those transactions that are in, or are not inconsistent with, the best interests of our company and our shareholders, as the Committee determines in good faith. The Company’s Board of Directors adopted the Company's Related Party Transactions Policy on January 18, 2017. This policy is available in our website at http://investors.clearone.com/governance.cfm. Related Party Transactions: Consulting Agreement with Edward D. Bagley On June 3, 2015, the Company entered into a Consulting Agreement (the “Consulting Agreement”) with Edward D. Bagley, former Chairman of the Board and greater than 10% shareholder, which became effective on July 29, 2015 for a term of three years. Pursuant to the term of the Consulting Agreement, Mr. Bagley has served as a strategic partner of the Company and provided strategic advice and counseling. Pursuant to the terms of the Consulting Agreement Mr. Bagley was paid a fee of $5,000 per month and was eligible to participate in our equity incentive programs and will be granted stock options commensurate with grants of stock options made to our directors. During 2016, he was paid $60,000 as consulting fees and was awarded 10,000 stock options at an exercise price of $11.26. He also received ClearOne stock awarded under a dividend equivalents plan offered to all ClearOne stock optionees including directors and officers. Under this plan, dividend equivalents were calculated at $0.10, $0.035, $0.035, $0.035 and $0.05, for each stock option outstanding in the quarters of 2014-Q4, 2015-Q1, 2015-Q2, 2015-Q3, and 2015-Q4, respectively and equivalent value of ClearOne stock awarded. The value of ClearOne stock received by Mr. Bagley in 2016 was $779. During 2017, he was paid $60,000 as consulting fees and was awarded 10,000 stock options at an exercise price of $9.90. During 2018, he was paid $60,000 as consulting fees but was not awarded any stock options. The Consulting Agreement was renewed in 2018 for a further period of three years. Our Board of Directors has determined, after considering all the relevant facts and circumstances, that Larry Hendricks, Eric Robinson and Bruce Whaley are independent directors, in accordance with the definition of “independence” under the listing standards of NASDAQ, because they have no relationship with us that would interfere with their exercise of independent judgment. AUDIT AND COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE REPORT The Audit and Compliance Committee of the Board of Directors is comprised of three directors, all of whom are independent as defined in NASDAQ and SEC rules and regulations. The members of the Audit and Compliance Committee are Eric L. Robinson (Chair), Larry R. Hendricks, and Bruce Whaley. Eric L. Robinson is the Board of Directors’ designated “audit committee financial expert” as that term is defined in the securities laws. The Audit and Compliance Committee serves as an independent and objective party to monitor and provide general oversight of the Company’s financial accounting and reporting process, selection of critical accounting policies, system of internal control, internal audit function, audit process for monitoring compliance with laws and regulations and the Company’s standards of business conduct. The Audit and Compliance Committee performs these oversight responsibilities in accordance with its charter. The Company’s management has primary responsibility for preparing the Company’s financial statements and the Company’s financial reporting process, including its system of internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s independent registered public accountants, Tanner LLC, are responsible for expressing opinions on the conformity of the Company’s 2018 audited financial statements to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018. The Audit and Compliance Committee discussed with the Company’s independent registered public accountants the overall scope and plans for its audits. The Audit and Compliance Committee met with the Company’s independent registered public accountants, with and without management present, to discuss the results of their examinations, their evaluations of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, and the overall quality of the Company’s financial reporting. In this context, the Audit and Compliance Committee hereby reports as follows: 1. The Audit and Compliance Committee has reviewed and discussed the fiscal 2018 audited financial statements with the Company’s management, including the quality, not just the acceptability, of the Company’s accounting principles, the reasonableness of significant judgments, and the clarity of disclosures in the financial statements; 2. The Audit Committee has discussed with the Company's independent registered public accountants the matters required to be discussed by the statement on Auditing Standards No. 1301, Communications with Audit Committees, as adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; 3. The Audit and Compliance Committee has received the written disclosures and the letter from the Company’s independent registered public accountants required by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding the independent registered public accountant’s communications with the Audit and Compliance Committee concerning independence, and has discussed with the Company’s independent registered public accountants the independent registered public accountants’ independence from management and the Company; and 4. Based on the review and discussions referred to in paragraphs (1) through (3) above, the Audit and Compliance Committee recommended to the Board of Directors (and the Board of Directors has approved) that the audited financial statements be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, for filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 15, 2019. The foregoing Audit and Compliance Committee Report does not constitute soliciting material and shall not be deemed filed or incorporated by reference into any other Company filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Exchange Act, except to the extent the Company specifically incorporates this Audit and Compliance Committee Report by reference therein. Each of the members of the Audit and Compliance Committee is independent as defined under the standards of the NASDAQ Capital Market and the Securities and Exchange Commission, and meets all other requirements of such exchange and of such rules of the SEC. Respectfully submitted by the members of the Audit and Compliance Committee. Eric L. Robinson (Chair) SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT The following table sets forth certain information regarding ownership of our common stock as of December 9, 2019, except as otherwise stated, by (i) each director and nominee for director, (ii) the named executive officers, (iii) all of our named executive officers and directors as a group, and (iv) each person known to us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding common stock. Shares Beneficially Owned Percent (2) Shares that could be within 60 days (2) Name of Beneficial Owner(1) Directors and Executive Officers: 789,449 4.7 205,555 995,004 5.8 8,548 * 63,888 72,436 * 65 * 27,221 27,286 * 9,928 * 120,277 130,205 * Total (Directors and Officers) 416,941 1,224,931 7.2 5% Shareholders: Edward D. Bagley (3) 7,403,239 44.5 1,789,930 9,193,169 48.8 E. Bryan Bagley (4) 1,581,412 9.5 — 1,581,412 8.4 * denotes less than 1% ownership. Except as otherwise indicated, each person named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to all common stock beneficially owned, subject to applicable community property law. Except as otherwise indicated, each person may be reached at our corporate offices c/o ClearOne, Inc., 5225 Wiley Post Way, Suite 500, Salt Lake City, Utah 84116. The percentages shown in Column (B) are calculated based on 16,646,323 shares of common stock outstanding on December 9, 2019. The numbers shown in Column (D) and percentages shown in Column (E) include the shares of common stock actually owned as of December 9, 2019 and the shares of common stock that the identified person or group had the right to acquire within 60 days of such date. In calculating the percentage of ownership, all shares of common stock that each identified person or group had the right to acquire within 60 days of December 9, 2019 upon the exercise of options shown in Column (C) are deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage of the shares of common stock owned by the persons or groups listed above. Mr. Edward D. Bagley may be deemed to own an additional 2,252,634 shares of common stock that are deemed to be owned by his wife, Carolyn Bagley, as a result of her acting as one of four co-trustees of a trust. Mr. Bagley may be deemed to own an additional 355,257 shares of common stock that Carolyn Bagley owns individually. Mr. Bagley, however, disclaims beneficial ownership of these shares that may be indirectly beneficially owned by Mr. Bagley and they are excluded from the amounts reported in the table above. Mr. Edward D. Bagley has sole voting and dispositive power over 7,406,340 shares (including the shares that may be acquired pursuant to the exercise of stock options) and shared voting and dispositive power over the 355,257 shares held by Mr. Edward D. Bagley’s spouse. This information is based upon the Schedule 13D/A and Form 4, as filed by Mr. Bagley with the SEC in December 2018. E. Bryan Bagley, who resigned as Director effective November 6, 2012, is the son of Edward D. Bagley, and each of them has previously disclaimed beneficial ownership of common stock beneficially owned by the other. The share amounts indicated for Mr. Edward D. Bagley do not include any shares held by E. Bryan. On December 8, 2019, Mr. Edward D. Bagley entered into a Note Purchase Agreement with the Company pursuant to which Mr. Bagley agreed to purchase $3,000,000 of senior secured convertible notes that are convertible into 1,421,800 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 340,909 shares of common stock. This information is based upon the Form 4 filed with the SEC as of December 6, 2018. E. Bryan Bagley, who resigned as Director effective November 6, 2012, is the son of Edward D. Bagley, and each of them has previously disclaimed beneficial ownership of common stock beneficially owned by the other. The share amounts indicated for Mr. E. Bryan Bagley do not include any shares held by Edward D. Bagley. Equity Compensation Plan Information The following table summarizes information, as of December 31, 2018, relating to equity compensation plans of the Company (including individual compensation arrangements) pursuant to which equity securities of the Company are authorized for issuance. Plan Category Number of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options and Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options and Rights Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans (excluding securities reflected in column(a)) Equity Compensation Plans Approved by Stockholders 624,256 8.87 1,313,832 Equity Compensation Plans Not Approved by Stockholders(1) 0 N/A N/A PROPOSAL TWO APPROVAL, BY NON-BINDING VOTE, OF THE COMPENSATION OF OUR NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS The Dodd-Frank Wall Street and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, or the Dodd-Frank Act, enables our shareholders to vote to approve, on a non-binding, advisory basis, the compensation of our named executive officers as disclosed in this proxy statement in accordance with the disclosure rules of the SEC. As described in detail under the heading and “Executive Compensation,” our executive compensation programs are designed to attract and retain key executives, to stimulate management’s efforts on our behalf in a way that supports our business plan and to align management’s incentives with our long-term interests and those of our shareholders. Please read the discussion under the heading "Executive Compensation" for additional details about our executive compensation programs, including information about the fiscal year 2018 compensation of our named executive officers. We are asking shareholders to indicate their support for our named executive officers’ compensation as described in this proxy statement. This proposal, commonly known as “say on pay,” gives our shareholders the opportunity to express their views on our named executive officers’ compensation. The vote on this proposal is not intended to address any specific element of compensation, but rather the overall compensation of our named executive officers and the philosophy, policies and practices described in this proxy statement. Accordingly, we will ask our shareholders to vote FOR this proposal on their proxy card. The say on pay vote is advisory and, therefore, not binding on the Company, the Compensation Committee or the Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors and our Compensation Committee value the opinions of our shareholders, and to the extent there is any significant vote against our named executive officers’ compensation as disclosed in this proxy statement, the Compensation Committee will evaluate what, if any, actions are necessary to address the concerns of shareholders. Accordingly, we ask our shareholders to approve the following advisory resolution at the 2019 Annual Meeting: “RESOLVED, that the compensation paid to the Company’s named executive officers, as disclosed pursuant to Item 402 of Regulation S-K, including in the compensation tables and narrative discussion, is hereby APPROVED.” THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS THAT THE SHAREHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” THE APPROVAL OF THE COMPENSATION OF OUR NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AS DISCLOSED IN THIS PROXY STATEMENT. PROPOSAL THREE RECOMMENDATION, BY NON-BINDING, ADVISORY VOTE, ON THE FREQUENCY OF NON-BINDING, ADVISORY VOTE ON COMPENSATION OF OUR NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS The Dodd-Frank Act also provides that shareholders must be given the opportunity to vote, on a non-binding, advisory basis, for their preference as to how frequently we should seek future advisory say-on-pay votes on the compensation of our named executive officers. In particular, we are asking our shareholders to indicate, on a non-binding, advisory basis, whether they would prefer an advisory say-on-pay vote on the compensation of our named executive officers to occur every one, two or three years. Shareholders also may, if they wish, abstain from casting a vote on this proposal. Our Board Directors has determined that an advisory vote on executive compensation that occurs once every three years is the most appropriate alternative for the Company and therefore, our Board recommends that you vote for a three-year interval for the advisory vote on executive compensation. In determining to recommend that shareholders vote for a frequency of once every three years, the Board considered how an advisory vote at this frequency will provide our shareholders with sufficient time to evaluate the effectiveness of our overall compensation philosophy, policies and practices in the context of our long-term business results for the corresponding period, while avoiding over-emphasis on short-term variations in compensation and business results. An advisory vote occurring once every three years will also permit our shareholders to observe and evaluate the impact of any changes to our executive compensation policies and practices which have occurred since the last advisory vote on executive compensation, including any changes made in response to the outcome of a prior advisory vote on executive compensation. We will continue to engage with our shareholders regarding our executive compensation program during the period between advisory votes on executive compensation. The Company recognizes that shareholders may have different views as to the best approach for the Company, and therefore we look forward to hearing from our shareholders as to their preference on the frequency of an advisory vote on executive compensation. You may cast your vote on your preferred voting frequency by choosing the option of: One year, Two years, Three years, or Abstain from voting. The option that receives the highest number of votes cast by shareholders will be considered to be the shareholders’ preferred frequency for the advisory vote on the compensation of our named executive officers. Because the vote is advisory, however, it will not be binding on the Board of Directors, the Compensation Committee or the Company. The Board of Directors may decide, in its sole discretion, that it is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders to hold an advisory say on pay vote on the compensation of our named executive officers more or less frequently than the option receiving the most votes cast by our shareholders. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS THAT THE SHAREHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” THE OPTION OF ONCE EVERY THREE YEARS AS THE PREFERRED FREQUENCY FOR HOLDING A NON-BINDING ADVISORY VOTE ON NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS’ COMPENSATION.

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International Scientific Cooperation Sector Research Sub-departments Physics Research Institute Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of Sorption Processes Laboratory of Applied Physics and Computer Technology “Astronomical Observatory” Research Institute Institute of Combustion and Unconventional Technologies Academic Center of Advanced Equipment and Appliances Regional Interdepartmental Center of Integrated Monitoring and Environmental Research The List of Main Publications Interdepartmental Physics and Technology Academic Center Research Laboratory of Electronic Ionic and Molecular Processes in Semiconductors Research Laboratory of Detectors and Register Systems of Moving Objects Research Laboratory of Sensor Electronics and Electronic Parts Reliability Research Laboratory of Non-Crystalline Systems of Electronics Biotechnological Academic Center Fundamental Research Laboratory of Medicinal Product Synthesis Fundamental Research Laboratory of Fuel Cells Fundamental Research Laboratory of Air Dispersion Systems Fundamental Research Laboratory of Soil Geography and Chernozem Soil Conservation Fundamental Research Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of Low-temperature Plasma Mathematics Research Laboratory Research laboratory “Theoretical and Molecular Physics” Fundamental Research Laboratory of Engineering Geology of Mountain Sides and Sea and Reservoir Shorelines The Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies Department Doctoral Degree Curriculum Research Conferences and Workshops Computer Algebra and Information Technology IХ Summer school Odessa 2014 VIII SUMMER SCHOOL, Odessa, 2013 PROGRAM OF VIII SUMMER SCHOOL VII SUMMER SCHOOL, Odessa, 2012 PROGRAM OF VII SUMMER SCHOOL VI SUMMER SCHOOL, Odessa, 2011 THE PROGRAMME OF VI SUMMER SCHOOL V SUMMER SCHOOL, Odessa, 2010 THE PROGRAMME OF V SUMMER SCHOOL «MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY» IV SUMMER SCHOOL, Odessa, 2009 III SUMMER SCHOOL, Odessa, 2008 Molecular microbiology and biotechnology. The ceremonial close Mоlecular міcrobiology and biotechnology Galleries Summer School Summer School of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology X INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL-CONFERENCE "MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY" XI INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL "MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY" The culture of reconciliation: new historical conscience in Ukraine Botanic Garden of ONU International scientific conference "THE GENE POOL OF THE COLLECTIONS OF BOTANICAL GARDENS AND ARBORETUMS - THE KEY TO SUSTAINABLE PHYTOCENOSIS IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE" Director: doctor of biological sciences O.M. Slyusarenko Frantsuzsky boulevard, 48/50, Odessa, 65058, Ukraine Phone: (0482) 63-92-76. Gallery of Botanic garden The foundation of the Botanical garden of the Imperial Novorossia University began simultaneously with the reorganization of the Richelieu Lyceum. The first 70 species of plants which were acquired in 1867 were stored in a private greenhouse under observation of the staff of the Department of botany. In 1867, thanks to L. S. Zankovsky, the head of Department of botany, the University donated the Lyceum bath and the university yard for the establishment of the Botanical garden. Over time a small hothouse and a greenhouse were built on the University funds. Some time later a collection of open ground plants, which was continually replenished, was created on the same territory. In 1880 the area was completely occupied and it was impossible to increase the collection. By the decision of the administration of the University and with the help of L. V. Reinhardt , the head of the Department of botany, the Botanical garden was transferred to the university farm in the area of Malyy Fontan (Frantsuzsky Blvd., 87). Here, in the garden, a greenhouse was built and the sector "System of plants” was organized. In 1885 Professor L. A. Rishawi became the head of the Botanical garden. He changed the system of flowerbeds without any systematic plan and a room for the staff was constructed. Later the Botanical garden was inspected by the Ministry of Education and the Commission of the University. The work on the administration of the garden was found unsatisfactory and in 1895 the management of the garden was entrusted to F. M. Kamensky. It was planned to solve the following problems to improve the work of the garden: - problems of personnel; - the systematization and replenishment of the collection fund; - expansion of cooperation with Botanical gardens throughout the world; - reorganization of the exposition of the garden. Unfortunately, the initiative of Professor Kamensky was not supported by the University and the question of closing the Botanical garden on Malyy Fontan was raised once again. However after careful consideration the Commission concluded that the only in the steppes of the southern Black sea coast and in the great seaport city Botanical garden was absolutely necessary and couldn’t be closed. The Commission also recognized the need to expand the garden and organize a laboratory, a library and a herbarium within its structure . From 1912 to 1915 the Botanical garden was headed by the Professor of anatomy and physiology P. P. Polovtsev. The following 5 years the work of the garden was managed by Professor B. B. Grinevetsky. In 1920 the University was reorganized into three separate institutions and the Botanical garden stayed out of those establishments. Such changes, as well as the frequent reassignment of the administration, negatively affected the conditions of the Botanical garden. In 1923 D. O. Svirenko was appointed the head of the Botanical garden . Thanks to his talent as an organizer a subsidy was received in 1924, and the Botanical garden officially received status as a scientific research, cultural and educational institution. The Botanical garden was used as a base of operations for scientific research. The work of the nursery and seed laboratories was recovered, the garden tours were resumed and connections with Botanical gardens around the world were re-established. So gradually the Botanical garden was transformed into a research institution and a team of researchers was formed, which involved students and post-graduate students - future scientists. In 1928 the garden was headed by academician V. I. Lipsky, who devoted the last years of his life to the Botanical garden. He did a great job of arranging the collection fund of living plants of the garden, organizing herbarium, the library, the chemical laboratory and the museum. A systematic study of the plant resources of south-western part of Ukraine and Odessa region was carried out. The study of the algae of the Black sea was started resulting in construction of the iodine plant on the Peresyp (later the plant for the production of agar-agar). The excursion attendance in the Botanical garden also increased. The rapid development and enlargement of the garden required more land, so in 1930, an agreement was reached with the municipal authorities about the garden relocation to Maraslis villa (Frantsuzsky Boulevard, 85). In the same year the Botanical garden acquired the status of scientific institution of national importance. Due to the collective efforts of the entire team the new territory acquired a flawless look. However, in 1932 the territory of the garden located on Maraslis villa was transferred to the Central Medical Commission. In 1933 the Botanical garden became part of the research facilities at the Odessa Metchnikov National University and was assigned to the Department of botany. V. I. Lipsky left the position of the head and continued to work as a consultant. At this time I. O. Vlasenko was appointed the new head of the Botanical garden. The garden area was re-planned, glasshouses, hothouses and greenhouses were repaired. During this period the Botanical garden conducted a substantial amount of extensive scientific researches. In 1939 G. I. Potapenko was appointed the head of the garden and had a great responsibility for the safety of collection fund during the Second World War. In the postwar years the garden required immediate restoration because it was almost completely destroyed. In 1948 the University garden received the territory on 48/50 Frantsuzsky Blvd. for the purpose of further expansion. Since that time the garden has been located on two territories. At that time the Director was Associate Professor N. W. Zharenko and later – Professor E. M. Kirkopulo. As a result of his the scientific activity the cultivation of peach firmly established in the agricultural production of the south-western regions of Ukraine. In 1963 the Botanical garden got the status of Memorial Park of Garden Design. The hard work of the team contributed to the development of the Botanical garden as an education supporting and academic institution. Today the Botanical garden is a training base for students of biology from a number of higher educational institutions of Odessa, Kherson and Nikolaev. Also on two territories of the garden the collection fund of plants is still being supported and is constantly developing and providing educational process. Each year about 10,000 tourists visit the Botanical garden, and the vast majority are younger students. Nowadays the plants grown in the garden decorate the streets, squares and parks of Odessa. Scientific work: Main directions – protection, study and enrichment of flora. Scientific and research works on plant introduction, selection, propagation and effective use of plants. Support and conduction of educational activities on botany, environment protection, selection, plant breeding, landscape-gardening, park construction and landscape architecture. The main aspects of scientific researches: • preservation of biological diversity of flora, development of the scientific basis for its protection especially of rare and endangered species; • development of practical and theoretical questions of introduction and plant breeding; • elaboration of the scientific basis for landscape-gardening and architecture; • development of scientific basis of integrated plant protection from pathogens and pests; • study of genetic and physiological-biochemical aspects of plants resistance to technogenic factors of environment pollution; • creation of databases of plants collections, rare and useful plants of the region; • introduction of the most valuable plants, their breeding and usage in landscaping. The plants collection fund of the botanic garden is stored in two arboretums and greenhouses with a total area of 2400 m2. It contains about 3800 taxonomic units, including 2000 greenhouse units, 204 – of the local flora. Research scientists: Azarova Lyudmila Vasilievna – leading specialist, orchidologist. Osadchaya Larisa Petrovna – leading specialist, dendrologist and specialist in introduction of trees and shrubs. Ryzhko Vera Evgenievna – 1st category specialist, specialist of floriculture. Myronyuk Irina Vladimirovna – 1st category specialist, curator of the cacti collection. Chesnokova Irina Nikolaevna – 1st category specialist, curator of succulent collection. Pilyuga Susanna Armenovna – leading specialist, curator of the tropical and subtropical plants collection. Golokoz Asya Vladimirovna – leading specialist, manager of introduction program. Levchuk Lyudmila Vladimirovna, candidate of biological Sciences, head of the laboratory of experimental botany. Vozyanova Nelli Georgiivna – candidate of agricultural Sciences, specialist in horticulture, dec. floriculture. Oseledchenko Tamara Oleksandrivna – leading specialist, specialist of floriculture in greenhouses and plants physiology. Kritskaya Tamara Viktorovna – leading specialist, specialist in physiology and biochemistry of plants and floriculture in open ground, curator of decorative herbaceous plants collection. Chaban Ekaterina Vasyliena – leading specialist, specialist in dendrology, curator of the ground-covering plants and dendrological collection of the arboretum (Frantsuzsky Blvd., 48/50) Tolstuha Natalya Ivanovna – specialist. Ermolaeva Alexandra Yurievna - specialist, curator of collection of rare and endangered species.

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Home Books & Travel Guides A Girl's Guide to Lesbos "A girl's guide to Lesbos" is now available as a printed book at the Odoiporikon site. Buy now! It is also available as an ebook on kdp.amazon.com A Girl’s Guide to Lesvos is the first ever attempt to present the island of Lesbos in a guidebook format in a way that connects it with the “L wor(l)d”. Tzeli Hadjidimitriou, who was born and grew up on the island, guides you through Lesbos with a women’s perspective. She is one of Greece’s most successful photo-journalists and has published eight books and countless travelogues in Greek newspapers and magazines. In thisguide, in addition to the beautiful photos, the artistic design, the extensive information about the place and its inhabitants, nature, culture and traditions, women will find the links between the present and historical memory. All that we know about Sappho, her poetry and her world, is presented here, finally giving the answer as to why Lesbians are named after the island and the truth about all the stories that have been written about the great poet in the last centuries, offering a more sensitive look at the emotional manner in which she communicated with her students. It also discusses recent history, the early years of the women’s pilgrimages of the 1960s, the situation with the locals, the atmosphere between the lesbians, the reactions of both elements and how we arrived at today, where we can go around Skala Eressos, such a conservative place, holding hands and swimming nude in the sea. Eressos is the place that became our summer - and not only - “home” for the past few decades. A place where women feel free to express their feelings and pass relaxing days with their friends under the Aegean sun, protected and free.

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Mother blames ‘extreme hazing’ for college student’s sudden death RIVERSIDE, Calif – Homicide detectives have opened an investigation into the death of a University of California, Riverside student whose family claims he is the victim of extreme hazing. Tyler Hilliard, 20, was set to start his third year at the university next week. But the business major, who was pledging the fraternity Alpha Phi Alpha, died Sunday after an outing with his pledge class. "I couldn't ask for a better kid," his mom, Myeasha Kimble-Hilliard, told KTLA. "He had a bright future ahead of him." Hilliard was rushed to the hospital around 9 p.m. Saturday from Mount Rubidoux, where the fraternity was hosting a gathering of some sort. Kimble-Hilliard said the version of events the pledge master gave her after she confronted him in the emergency room doesn't add up. "He said that they were about to go for a hike at Mount Rubidoux - they had not started hiking yet - and that Tyler was feeling short of breath," she said. "Shortly after that he collapsed, and (the pledge master) called 911." The family claims Hilliard's heart stopped seven times over the next few hours before he was pronounced dead. Texts later uncovered on Hilliard's phone indicate the Mount Rubidoux trip involved a hazing ritual, according to his cousin Robyn Fountain. She said she discovered messages referring to it as a "gold paddle day." "So, I don't know," Fountain said. "I assume that means that they were going to be beaten in the wilderness." Other messages made reference to other meetups earlier in the week during which the family suspects hazing also occurred, she added. Riverside police agree that the circumstances surrounding Hilliard's death are strange. "It's a little bit suspicious, a 20-year-old young man, college student passing away like this," Officer Ryan Railsback said. Now, the family wants answers from the fraternity. "Their organization is hazing and they need to be aware of it," Kimble-Hilliard said. "And they need to put a stop to it." The organization's local chapter did not respond to a request for comment from KTLA. But on its national website, Alpha Phi Alpha says it actively fights and strictly prohibits hazing. It also says pledging has been abolished as a necessary step to gain membership into the group. The fraternity is historically African-American and boasts several civil rights leaders among its former members, including Martin Luther King Jr., Frederick Douglass, Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall and Olympic gold medalist Jesse Owens. UC Riverside issued a statement, saying it was cooperating in the investigation and was offering grief counseling services to the campus community. "The UC Riverside community grieves the loss of our student Tyler Hilliard. We've shared our condolences and offer of support with Tyler's family and have made counseling services available to students, faculty, or staff who knew him. UCR Student Affairs and UCPD are collaborating with the Riverside Police Department to determine the circumstances regarding Tyler's passing." Weekdays at 6 & 6:30PM

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2019 PGCBL Intern Honor Roll Every season, dozens of college students from around the nation converge on upstate New York to work for the 12 franchises of the PGCBL. These students fulfill every possible function that keeps a baseball team running, such as ticket sales, concessions, merchandise sales, on field promotions, broadcasting, and social media. This summer, the PGCBL is pleased to recognize a small number of its teams interns', as nominated by each franchise. Albany Dutchmen- Ashley Tremblay completed her master's degree in Sports Management from Indiana State University through her internship with the Dutchmen. Tremblay was instrumental in coordinating the Dutchmen's Baseball Buddies' program, concessions logistics and operations, and coordinating intern communications, among many other responsibilities. Dutchmen Vice President and General Manager Jason Brinkman described Tremblay as a leader among her peers and an absolute pleasure to work with on a daily basis. Amsterdam Mohawks- Brad Klein (Syracuse) served as the broadcaster for the 2019 PGCBL Champions. Klein set up Amsterdam's entire video operation and managed everything from ads to graphics. Mohawks President and General Manager Brian Spagnola stated "He has great voice quality and really understands the game, and his hours of prep work are noticable when listening to a game. Brad will go very far in broadcasting and is perhaps one of the better broadcasters ever in the league." Geneva Red Wings- Jake Perry (St. John Fisher) was described as the "go-to guy" for the Red Wings staff by owner Bob Ohmann. He handled all that was asked of him by Geneva management, including stats, merchandise, game day prepararion, PA announcing, and did so without complaint. Ohmann stated that Perry "always had a smile and was a great pleasure to be around" Mohawk Valley DiamondDawgs- Nicholas Darling (Siena) was selected by the Mohawk Valley organization for his initiative with the team. Owner Travis Heiser stated "What made Nick so special is how he completely took control of the responsibility of his job. He consistently took the initiative to help improve our organization. Whenever Nick saw a need, he did not wait for me to provide guidance; instead he would create a solution." Newark Pilots- Duncan Bastedo (St. John Fisher) served as the Assistant General Manager for the Pilots, and served in several different facets of the organization. He helped with all game day operations from helping manage the press box to set up and tear down of the field. General Manager Casey MacClaren stated "Duncan was a large factor in the success of the Pilots this season and we appreciate all of the hard work he put into our organization." Oneonta Outlaws- Jamie Wagner was selected to be highlighted by the Outlaw organization. Wagner was an unconventional intern- she actually had been in retail for 13 years before she realized what she really wanted to do (work for the NHL). Since then she has been working hard attending conferences all over the country and taking every opportunity to get her foot in the door of the sports world. Assistant General Manager Zach King stated "Jamie came to work everyday eager to learn and demonstrated a strong work ethic early on. A crucial member of our team, Jamie was always willing to help us in the front office no matter the task, she did a great job all summer." Saugerties Stallions- Jon Gross (Penn State) finished his second year with the Stallions, and served not only as Saugerties' play by play broadcaster, but was in charge of oversight of their entire communications team. Saugerties managment described Gross' broadcasts as "not only the best in the PGCBL, but second to none in the entire country." Watertown Rapids- Antoinette Gress (Alfred State) was a full-time intern this summer who moved to Watertown for the internship. She managed the Rapids' community events, team meals, group area set up, the ticket office, and much more. The listed students are only a small selection of the dozens of interns that have called a PGCBL franchise home this summer. The PGCBL wishes to thank all of its interns, not only during the 2019 season, but all those that have come through any PGCBL team during the nine years of operation.

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Twitter's privacy policy and the Wikileaks case Summary: The federal judge in the Wikileaks case cited in his order a version of Twitter's privacy policy from 2010, rather than the very different policy that existed when Appelbaum, Gonggrijp and Jonsdottir created their Twitter accounts back in 2008. That older policy actually promised users that Twitter would keep their data private unless they violated the company's terms of service. It is unclear how the judge managed to miss this important detail. Earlier this week, a federal judge in Virginia handed down an order in the high-profile Twitter/Wikileaks case. That order has already been widely covered by the media, so I won't summarize it here. In ruling that Appelbaum, Gonggrijp and Jonsdottir did not have a reasonable expectation of privacy in the IP addresses that Twitter had collected, the judge specifically highlighted the existence of statements about IP address collection in Twitter's privacy policy. (from page 3 of the order) The judge noted that Twitter reveals in its privacy policy that it collects "many types of usage information, including physical location, IP address, browser type, the referring domain ..." To support this claim, the judge cited the "Bringola declaration" (pdf), which is a collection of screenshots from Twitter's website produced by a paralegal working for Appelbaum's lawyer. The privacy policy reproduced in the Bringola declaration and cited by the judge was effective as of November 16, 2010, and appears to have been the current privacy policy in March of 2011 when the paralegal made the screenshots. That privacy policy included the following "Log Data" section: Our servers automatically record information ("Log Data") created by your use of the Services. Log Data may include information such as your IP address, browser type, the referring domain, pages visited, your mobile carrier, device and application IDs, and search terms. Other actions, such as interactions with our website, applications and advertisements, may also be included in Log Data. If we haven’t already deleted the Log Data earlier, we will either delete it or remove any common account identifiers, such as your username, full IP address, or email address, after 18 months. There is a slight problem with relying on a privacy policy created on November 16, 2010 to decide the reasonable expectation of privacy of these three individuals: They created their Twitter accounts several years before the document was written. According to the useful website howlonghaveyoubeentweeting.com, Appelbaum's Twitter account was created on February 23, 2008, Gonggrijp created his on September 26, 2008, and Jonsdottir created hers on November 14, 2008. Thankfully, Twitter seems to archive all the old versions of their privacy policy. It would appear that all three individuals would have "agreed to" (ignoring the fact that none of them likely read the thing in the first place) Version 1 of the privacy policy, dated May 14, 2007. The "Log data" section of that policy reads as follows: When you visit the Site, our servers automatically record information that your browser sends whenever you visit a website ("Log Data" ). This Log Data may include information such as your IP address, browser type or the domain from which you are visiting, the web-pages you visit, the search terms you use, and any advertisements on which you click. For most users accessing the Internet from an Internet service provider the IP address will be different every time you log on. We use Log Data to monitor the use of the Site and of our Service, and for the Site's technical administration. We do not associate your IP address with any other personally identifiable information to identify you personally, except in case of violation of the Terms of Service. There are a few things worth noting here: The term "referring domain" appears in privacy policy cited by the judge in his court order, but not in Version 1 of the Twitter privacy policy. This strongly suggests that the judge is citing a newer version of the Twitter policy. The term appears to have been added in Version 2 of the privacy policy, dated November 18, 2009. In Version 1 of its policy, Twitter promised its users that it would not associate their IP addresses with any other personally identifiable information sufficient to identify them personally, unless they violated the Twitter terms of service. This pro-user sentence was removed in Version 2 of Twitter's privacy policy, one year later. The government has not alleged that any of the 3 individuals violated Twitter's terms of service. As such, it would appear that they could reasonably rely on Twitter's claims that it wouldn't associate their retained IP address information with their existing account records or any other personally identifiable information. This is very interesting. The old version of Twitter's policy that the three individuals "agreed" to also includes the following paragraph about updates to the document: This Privacy Policy may be updated from time to time for any reason; each version will apply to information collected while it was in place. We will notify you of any material changes to our Privacy Policy by posting the new Privacy Policy on our Site. You are advised to consult this Privacy Policy regularly for any changes. Note, Twitter didn't say that it would send out emails to users when it updated its privacy policy, instead, it advised users to revisit the site on a regular basis to see if the policy had changed. How this sentence passed the laugh test at Twitter's HQ, I do not know. In subsequent edits to the policy, Twitter reworded this section, so that it now reads: We may revise this Privacy Policy from time to time. The most current version of the policy will govern our use of your information and will always be at https://twitter.com/privacy. If we make a change to this policy that, in our sole discretion, is material, we will notify you via an @Twitter update or e-mail to the email associated with your account. By continuing to access or use the Services after those changes become effective, you agree to be bound by the revised Privacy Policy. Got that? As of Version 2 of Twitter's privacy policy, merely by continuing to use Twitter, you agree to be bound by whatever the company adds to the policy. Oh, and it is up to the company to decide if the changes to the policy are important enough to justify telling users. I know that I am not the first researcher to point out how stupid privacy policies are, or that no one reads them. Many others have done it, and done so far more eloquently than me. My goal in writing this blog post is simple: Not only is a federal judge ruling that 3 individuals have no reasonable expectation of privacy with regard to the government getting some of their Internet transaction data, but the judge isn't even citing the right version of a widely ignored privacy policy to do so. If the judge were to examine the privacy policy that existed when these three targets signed up for a Twitter account, he might decide that they do in fact have a reasonable expectation of privacy and that the government needs a warrant to get the data. Two honest Google employees: our products don't protect your privacy Two senior Google employees recently acknowledged that the company's products do not protect user privacy. This is quite a departure from the norm at Google, where statements about privacy are usually thick with propaganda, mistruths and often outright deception. Google's products do not meet the privacy needs of journalists, bloggers, small businesses (or anyone else concerned about government surveillance). Last week, I published an op-ed in the New York Times that focused on the widespread ignorance of computer security among journalists and news organizations. Governments often have no need to try and compel a journalist to reveal the identity of their sources if they can simply obtain stored communication records from phone, email and social networking companies. Will DeVries, Google's top DC privacy lobbyist soon posted a link to the article on his (personal) Google+ page, and added the following comment: I often disagree with Chris, but when he's right, he's dead right. Journalists (and bloggers, and small businesses) need to take a couple hours and learn to use free, widely available security measures to store data and communicate. Let me first say that I really respect Will. Many of the people in Google's policy team default to propaganda mode when questioned. Will does not do this - he either speaks truthfully, or declines to comment. I wish companies would hire more people like him, as they significantly boost the credibility of the firm among privacy advocates. Regarding Will's comment: If Google's products were secure out of the box, journalists would not need to "take a couple hours" to learn to protect their data and communications. Will does not tell journalists to ditch their insecure Hotmail accounts and switch to Gmail, or to ditch their easily trackable iPhones and get an Android device. Likewise, he does not advise people to stop using Skype for voice and video chat, and instead use Google's competing services. He doesn't do that, because if he described these services as more secure and resistant to government access than the competition, he'd be lying. Google's services are not secure by default, and, because the company's business model depends upon the monetizaton of user data, the company keeps as much data as possible about the activities of its users. These detailed records are not just useful to Google's engineers and advertising teams, but are also a juicy target for law enforcement agencies. It would be great if Google's products were suitable for journalists, bloggers, activists and other groups that are routinely the target of surveillance by governments around the world. For now, though, as Will notes, these persons will need to investigate the (non-Google) tools and methods with which they can protect their data. Google business model is in conflict with privacy by design At a recent conference in Kenya, Vint Cerf, one of the fathers of the Internet and Google's Chief Internet Evangelist spoke on the same panel as me. We had the following exchange over the issue of Google's lack of encryption for user data stored on the company's servers (I've edited it to show the important bits about this particular topic - the full transcript is online here). [I]t's very difficult to monetize data when you cannot see it. And so if the files that I store in Google docs are encrypted or if the files I store on Amazon's drives are encrypted then they are not able to monetize it....And unfortunately, these companies are putting their desire to monetize your data over their desire to protect your communications. Now, this doesn't mean that Google and Microsoft and Yahoo! are evil. They are not going out of their way to help law enforcement. It's just that their business model is in conflict with your privacy. And given two choices, one of which is protecting you from the government and the other which is making money, they are going to go with making money because, of course, they are public corporations. They are required to make money and return it to their shareholders. Vint Cerf: I think you're quite right, however that, we couldn't run our system if everything in it were encrypted because then we wouldn't know which ads to show you. So this is a system that was designed around a particular business model. Google could encrypt user data in storage with a key not known to the company, as several other cloud storage companies already do. Unfortunately, Google's ad supported business model simply does not permit the company to protect user data in this way. The end result is that law enforcement agencies can, and regularly do request user data from the company -- requests that would lead to nothing if the company put user security and privacy first. Labels: privacy, security The forces that led to the DigiNotar hack Last week, the New York Times finally covered the DigiNotar hacks, more than two weeks after security experts and the tech media first broke the story. Unfortunately, the top 2-3 newspapers in the US (which is what legislative staff, regulators and policy makers read) have missed most of the important details. The purpose of this blog post is to fill in those gaps, providing key context to understand this incident as part of the larger Internet trust (and surveillance) debate. Lawful access As consumers around the world have embraced cloud computing, large Internet firms like Google, Facebook, Twitter, Yahoo, all of them based in the United States, increasingly hold users' most private documents and other data. This has been a boon for law enforcement agencies, which can often obtain these files without a court issued search warrant, or have to provide the investigated individual with the kind of prompt notice that would otherwise occur had their home been searched. Law enforcement and intelligence agencies in the US, EU, Canada, Brasil, India, Japan, Israel and several other countries all regularly obtain private user data from Google. The company will insist on a court order for some kinds of user data, but will disclose many other types of data and subscriber records without first insisting on an order issued by an independent judge. This isn't because Google is evil, but because privacy laws in these countries, the US included, are so weak. Google does not treat all governments equally though. For example, the company will not honor requests from the governments of Iran, Libya, Zimbabwe, Vietnam and several other countries. You might be inclined to believe that Google has taken this position because of the poor human rights record in these countries - that is part of the reason (but not the whole one, otherwise, Google would refuse requests from the US government which has a documented track record of assassination, rendition/kidnapping and torture). Google's policy of refusing these requests, I believe, largely comes down to the fact that Google does not have an office or staff in those countries. Without a local presence, employees to threaten with arrest or equipment to seize, these governments lack leverage over Google. This situation is not specific to Google - Facebook, Yahoo, Microsoft and other large US firms all disclose user data to governments that have leverage over them, and ignore requests from others. Thus, lacking any "legitimate" way to engage in what they believe is lawful surveillance of their citizens, these governments that lack leverage have turned to other methods. Specifically, network surveillance. An unintended consequence of HTTPS by default When users connect to Facebook, Twitter, or Hotmail—as well as many other popular websites—they are vulnerable to passive network surveillance and active attacks, such as account hijacking. These services are vulnerable because they do not use HTTPS encryption to protect all data as it is transmitted over the Internet. Such attacks are trivially easy for hackers to perform against users of an open WiFi network using tools like Firesheep. They are also relatively easy for government agencies to perform on a larger scale, when they can compel the assistance of upstream ISPs. As I described above, because Google will not respond to formal requests for user data from certain governments, it is likely that the state security agencies in these countries have come to depend on network interception, performed with the assistance of domestic ISPs. Unfortunately for these governments, in January 2010, Google enabled HTTPS by default for Gmail and a few other services. Once the firm flipped the default setting, passive network surveillance became impossible. Thus, in January 2010, the governments of Iran and a few other countries lost their ability to watch the communications of domestic Google users. For now, these governments can still spy on Facebook, Twitter and Hotmail, as these services do not use HTTPS by default. That is changing though. Following the release of Firesheep in October 2010, (as well as two senior US government officials calling for encryption by default) all three services now offer configuration options to force the use of HTTPS. These firms are all moving towards HTTPS by default - for some firms, it will likely be a matter of weeks until it happens, for others, months. Governments can see the writing on the wall - HTTPS by default will become the norm. Passive network surveillance will lose its potency as a tool of government monitoring, and once that happens, the state intelligence agencies will "go dark", losing the ability to keep tabs on their citizen's use of foreign, mostly US-based Internet communications services. HTTPS Certificate Authorities and surveillance As these large providers switch to HTTPS by default, government agencies will no longer be able to rely on passive network interception. By switching to active interception attacks, these governments can, in many cases, easily neutralize the HTTPS encryption, thus restoring their ability to spy on their citizens. One active attack, known as a "man in the middle attack" requires that the government first obtain a HTTPS certificate issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) trusted by the major web browsers. In March of 2010, Sid Stamm and I published a paper on what we called compelled certificate creation attacks, in which a government simply requires a domestic Certificate Authority issue it one or more certificates for surveillance purposes. When we released a draft of our paper, we also published a product brochure I had obtained in the fall of 2009 at the ISS surveillance conference, for a Packet Forensics interception device that described how it could be used to intercept communications using these kinds of certificates. The browsers trust a lot of Certificate Authorities, probably too many. These include companies located in countries around the world. They also include Certificate Authorities that are operated by government agencies. For example, Microsoft trusts a couple dozen governments, that include Tunisia and Venezuela. It is perhaps worth noting that Microsoft continues to trust the Tunisian government even after it was caught in December 2010 actively hijacking the accounts of Facebook users -- an act that led to Facebook enabling HTTPS by default for all users in the country.) In any case, as Sid an I described, governments can compel domestic Certificate Authorities to provide them with the certificates necessary to intercept their own citizens' communications. However, not all governments around the world are as lucky as Tunisia to be trusted by the browsers, nor do all of them have a domestic certificate authority that they can bully around. Some countries, like Iran, have no way to obtain a certificate that will let them spy on Google users (yes, I know that you can buy intermediate CA issuing powers, but I am assuming that no one will sell this to the Iranian gov). In recent weeks, we have learned that the encrypted communications of 300,000 people in Iran were monitored by an entity using a certificate that DigiNotar issued. While the Iranian government has not admitted to conducting this man in the middle surveillance against its citizens, it seems reasonable to assume they were behind it. The reason for this certificate theft seems pretty clear, when you consider the other details described in this blog post: Iran wants to spy on its citizens. It wants the same interception and spying capabilities that the US and other western governments have. Unfortunately for the Iranian government, it has no domestic CA, and Google doesn't have an office in Tehran. So, it used a certificate obtained by hacking into a CA already trusted by the browsers - a CA that had weak default passwords, and that covered up the attack for weeks after it learned about it, giving the Iranian government plenty of time to use the stolen certificate to spy on its citizens. As Facebook, Twitter and other big sites embrace HTTPS by default, the temptation will grow for for governments without other ways to spy their citizens to hack into certificate authorities with weak security. Can you blame them? NSA and other US government agencies have gambled with our security In December 2009, after I had obtained Packet Forensics' product marketing materials, I met with a former senior US intelligence official. I told him that I believed that governments around the world were abusing this flaw to spy on their own citizens, as well as foreigners. When I told him I would be going public in a few months, motivated by my concerns about China and other governments spying on Americans, he said I would be aiding "terrorists in Peshawar" by helping to secure their communications. Needless to say, our meeting wasn't particularly productive. US intelligence agencies have long known about the flaws associated with the current certificate authority web of trust. For example, in 1998, James Hayes, an air force captain working for the National Security Agency published an academic paper in which he described the ease with which certificates could be used to intercept traffic: Certificate masquerading allows a masquerader to substitute an unsuspecting server’s valid certificate with the masquerader’s valid certificate. The masquerader could monitor Web traffic, picking up unsuspecting victims’ surfing habits, such as the various net shopping malls and stores a victim may visit. The masquerader could change messages at will without detection, or collect the necessary information and go shopping on his or her own time. Of course, it isn't too surprising that NSA has known about these vulnerabilities. If the agency hadn't know about these risks, it would have been grossly incompetent. The question to consider then, is what has and hasn't the NSA done with this knowledge. In addition to attacking the computers of foreign governments, NSA is supposed to protect US government electronic assets. In the 10 years since NSA first acknowledged it knew about the problems with certificate authorities, what steps has the agency taken to protect US government computers from these attacks? Likewise, what has it done to protect US businesses and individuals? The answer, I believe, is "nothing". The reason for this, I suspect, is that NSA wanted to exploit the flaws itself and didn't want to do anything that would lead to the elimination of what is likely a valuable source of intelligence information -- even though this meant that the governments of China, Turkey, Israel, Tunisia and Venezuela would have access to this surveillance method too. Perhaps this was a reasonable choice to make, when the intelligence agencies abusing the flaw could be trusted to do so discreetly (The first rule of State-run CA Club is...). The Iranians have upset that delicate understanding. They have acquired and used certificates in a manner that is anything but discreet, thus forcing the issue to the front page of newspapers around the world. Now, any state actor or criminal enterprise with a budget to hire hackers can likely get its hands on fraudulent certificates sufficient to intercept users' communications, as Comodo and DigiNotar will not be the last certificate authorities with weak security to be hacked. Hundreds of millions of computers around the world remain vulnerable to this attack, and will likely stay this way, until the web browser vendors decide upon and deploy effective defenses. Had the US defense and intelligence community acted 10 years ago to protect the Internet, instead of exploiting this flaw, we would not be in the dire situation that we are currently in, waiting for the next hacked certificate authority, or the next man in the middle attack. Labels: certificate authorities, diginotar, HTTPS, surveillance Warrantless "emergency" surveillance of Internet communications by DOJ up 400% According to an official DOJ report, the use of "emergency", warrantless requests to ISPs for customer communications content has skyrocketed over 400% in a single year. The 2009 report (pdf), which I recently obtained via a Freedom of Information Act request (it took DOJ 11 months (pdf) to give me the two-page report), reveals that law enforcement agencies within the Department of Justice sought and obtained communications content for 91 accounts. This number is a significant increase over previous years: 17 accounts in 2008 (pdf), 9 accounts in 2007 (pdf), and 17 accounts in 2006 (pdf). When Congress passed the Electronic Communications Privacy Act in 1986, it permitted law enforcement agencies to obtain stored communications and customer records in emergencies without the need for a court order. In such scenarios, a carrier can (but is not required to) disclose the requested information if it, "in good faith, believes that an emergency involving danger of death or serious physical injury to any person requires disclosure without delay of communications relating to the emergency." Typically, belief means that a police officer states that an emergency exists. With the passage of the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005, Congress created specific statistical reporting requirements for the voluntary disclosure of the contents of subscriber communications in emergency situations. In describing his motivation for introducing the requirement, Senator Lungren stated that: "I felt that some accountability is necessary to ensure that this authority is not being abused… This information [contained in the reports] I believe should be highly beneficial to the Committee, fulfilling our oversight responsibility in the future … this is the best way for us to have a ready manner of looking at this particular section. In the hearings that we had, I found no basis for claiming that there has been abuse of this section. I don't believe on its face it is an abusive section. But I do believe that it could be subject to abuse in the future and, therefore, this allows us as Members of Congress to have an ability to track this on a regular basis." The current reports are deeply flawed The emergency request reports are compiled and submitted by the Attorney General, and only apply to disclosures made to law enforcement agencies within the Department of Justice. As such, there are no statistics for emergency disclosures made to other federal law enforcement agencies, such as the Secret Service, as well as those made to state and local law enforcement agencies. Furthermore, although 18 USC 2702 permits both the disclosure of the content of communications, as well as non-content records associated with subscribers and their communications (such as geo-location data), Congress only required that statistics be compiled for the disclosure of communications content. It is not clear why Congress limited the reports in this way. Because the reporting requirements do not apply to disclosures made to law enforcement agencies outside the Department of Justice, and do not include the disclosure of non-content communications data and other subscriber records, the reports reveal a very limited portion of the scale of voluntary disclosures to law enforcement agencies. Likewise, although Congress intended for these reports to assist with public oversight of the emergency disclosure authority, the Department of Justice has not proactively made these reports available to the general public. The reports for 2006 and 2007 were leaked to me by a friend with contacts on the Hill. I obtained the 2008 and 2009 reports via FOIA requests -- and disgracefully, it took DOJ 11 months to provide me with a copy of the 2-page report for 2009. The emergency requests documented in these reports only scratch the surface A letter (pdf) submitted by Verizon to Congressional committees in 2007 revealed that the company had received 25,000 emergency requests during the previous year. Of these 25,000 emergency requests, just 300 requests were from federal law enforcement agencies. In contrast, the reports submitted to Congress by the Attorney General reveal less than 20 disclosures for that year. Even though no other service provider has disclosed similar numbers regarding emergency disclosures, it is quite clear that the Department of Justice statistics are not adequately reporting the scale of this form of surveillance. In fact, they underreport these disclosures by several orders of magnitude. The current reporting law is largely useless. It does not apply to state and local law enforcement agencies, who make tens of thousands of warrantless requests to ISPs each year. It does not apply to federal law enforcement agencies outside DOJ, such as the Secret Service. Finally, it does not apply to emergency disclosures of non-content information, such as geo-location data, subscriber information (such as name and address), or IP addresses used. As such, Congress currently has no idea how many warrantless requests are made to ISPs each year. How can it hope to make sane policy in this area, when it has no useful data? at 1:20 PM 9 comments: Labels: ecpa, surveillance Privacy preserving FOIA lawsuits Several weeks ago, after an extremely successful online fundraising effort to cover the costs, I filed a FOIA complaint in Washington, DC Federal District Court. Before filing the complaint, I looked through the court website and paid particular attention to a document posted there, titled Information for Parties Who Wish to File a Civil Complaint (pdf), which states: The name of this Court must be written at the top of the first page [of the complaint]. The complete name and address for each plaintiff must be included in the caption of the complaint. A Post Office Box is insufficient as an address, unless you file a separate motion asking the Court to permit such an address. Since moving to Washington DC, I've tried to keep my residential address out of databases, primarily by using a PO Box for everything possible. As such, I wasn't too keen on my home address showing up in a public court docket. Following the guidance given by the court, I put my PO box address on my FOIA complaint and filed an accompanying Motion To Include PO Box Address on Complaint. Two weeks later, I called the court clerk to find out the status of the case, I was told that my motion had been rejected and that the my complaint and all the accompanying documents had been sent back to me. The clerk didn't actually tell me the reason why the motion had been rejected, and so as soon as I returned to DC, I refiled the complaint with my home address, which was promptly docketed by the clerk. Several days later, an envelope from the clerk arrived in the mail, which included a copy of the motion that I had filed. Written on it was a note by Judge Royce Lamberth, informing me that my motion was denied, but that the court would reconsider it if I provided my residence address to be filed under seal for the court and defendants. This news came too late for me -- my home address is now in the DC court docket (something I am still rather upset about), but perhaps this information will be useful to others. Motion for Po Box Denied Senators hint at DOJ's secret reinterpretation and use of Section 215 of the Patriot Act According to two Democratic Senators, the Department of Justice has secretly reinterpreted a controversial provision contained in the USA Patriot Act to give the government surveillance powers that are "inconsistent with the public’s understanding of these laws." The senators also accuse DOJ of misleading the American public when describing the use of this legal authority. This disclosure builds on previous cryptic statements from DOJ officials regarding the use of "Section 215" powers for "sensitive collection program," and Senator Russ Feingold regarding repeated abuses of Section 215 that he was not permitted to publicly describe. Although FBI Director Robert Mueller revealed earlier this year that the FBI has used Section 215 powers to monitor the sale of hydrogen peroxide, such data collection is unlikely to be the "sensitive collection program" about which several senators have tried to alert the public. If I had to make a wild guess, I suspect it is likely related to warrantless, massive scale collection of geo-location information from cellular phones. Secret reinterpretations of the law Marcy Wheeler reported this evening that Senators Wyden and Udall, both of whom are on the Intelligence committee have submitted an amendment (pdf) as part of the rushed, bipartisan effort to reauthorize Patriot Act. The amendment is noteworthy not because of the changes to the law it proposes, but the information it reveals: (6) United States Government officials should not secretly reinterpret public laws and statutes in a manner that is inconsistent with the public’s understanding of these laws, and should not describe the execution of these laws in a way that misinforms or misleads the public; (7) On February 2, 2011, the congressional intelligence committees received a secret report from the Attorney General and the Director of National Intelligence that has been publicly described as pertaining to intelligence collection authorities that are subject to expiration under section 224 of the USA PATRIOT Act (Public Law 107–56; 115 Stat. 295); and (8) while it is entirely appropriate for particular intelligence collection techniques to be kept secret, the laws that authorize such techniques, and the United States Government’s official interpretation of these laws, should not be kept secret but should instead be transparent to the public, so that these laws can be the subject of informed public debate and consideration. For those of you who don't read legalese, this means that the Department of Justice has secretly reinterpreted a controversial provision in the Patriot Act, likely Section 215, and is using it in a way that is inconsistent with the public's understanding of the law. DOJ has already admitted that Section 215 is being used for a "sensitive collection program" On September 22, 2009, Todd Hinnen, then the Deputy Assistant Attorney General for law and policy in DOJ’s National Security Division testified before the House Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties in support of the reauthorization of key provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act. During his oral testimony, Mr. Hinnen stated that: "The business records provision [Section 215] allows the government to obtain any tangible thing it demonstrates to the FISA court is relevant to a counterterrorism or counterintelligence investigation. This provision is used to obtain critical information from the businesses unwittingly used by terrorists in their travel, plotting, preparation for, communication regarding, and execution of attacks. It also supports an important, sensitive collection program about which many members of the subcommittee or their staffs have been briefed." Section 215 has been repeatedly abused On October 1, 2009, Senator Feingold made several statements regarding abuses of Section 215 during a Senate Judiciary Committee markup hearing: "I remain concerned that critical information about the implementation of the Patriot Act remains classified. Information that I believe, would have a significant impact on the debate..... There is also information about the use of Section 215 orders that I believe Congress and the American People deserve to know. It is unfortunate that we cannot discuss this information today. Mr Chairman, I am also a member of the intelligence Committee. I recall during the debate in 2005 that proponents of Section 215 argued that these authorities had never been misused. They cannot make that statement now. They have been misused. I cannot elaborate here. But I recommend that my colleagues seek more information in a classified setting. I want to specifically disagree with Senator Kyle's statement that just the fact that there haven't been abuses of the other provisions which are Sunsetted. That is not my view of Section 215. I believe section 215 has been misused as well." Likewise, after the Senate rejected several reforms of Section 215 powers in 2009, Senator Durbin told his colleagues that: "[T]he real reason for resisting this obvious, common-sense modification of Section 215 is unfortunately cloaked in secrecy. Some day that cloak will be lifted, and future generations will whether ask our actions today meet the test of a democratic society: transparency, accountability, and fidelity to the rule of law and our Constitution." Clearly, there are many unanswered questions - we do not know what kind of data collection is occurring, and why it is problematic enough to cause four senators to speak up publicly. However, given that four senators have now spoken up, this strongly suggests that there is something seriously rotten going on. Labels: patriot act, section 215 Industry-created "privacy enhancing" abandonware Industry loves self regulation and why shouldn't it? Given the choice between strong enforcement by a federal agency, and scout's honor promises, industry would be foolish to support a strong FTC. Unfortunately, the self-regulatory groups and organizations that are created in response to the threat of regulation are often extremely short lived. Pam Dixon noted this in her her comment (pdf) submitted in response to the FTC's recent privacy report: [I]ndustry knows that the Commission’s attention span is limited. When the Commission showed interest in online privacy in the years before 2000, industry responded by developing and loudly trumpeting a host of privacy self-regulatory activities. Most of these activities were strictly for the purpose of convincing policy makers at the Commission and elsewhere that regulation or legislation was a bad idea. All of these activities actually or effectively disappeared as soon as new appointees to the Commission demonstrated a lack of interest in regulatory or legislative approaches to privacy. [These include:] The Individual Reference Services Group (IRSG) was announced in 1997 as a self-regulatory organization for companies that provide information that identifies or locates individuals. The group terminated in 2001. The Privacy Leadership Initiative began in 2000 to promote self regulation and to support privacy educational activities for business and for consumers. The organization lasted about two years. The Online Privacy Alliance began in 1998 with an interest in promoting industry self regulation for privacy. OPA’s last reported activity appears to have taken place in 2001, although its website continues to exist and shows signs of an update in 2011. The Network Advertising Initiative had its origins in 1999, when the Federal Trade Commission showed interest in the privacy effects of online behavioral targeting. By 2003, when FTC interest in privacy regulation had evaporated, the NAI had only two members. Enforcement and audit activity lapsed as well. NAI did nothing to fulfill its promises or keep its standards up to date with current technology until 2008, when FTC interest increased Industry created privacy enhancing software is made for regulators, not consumers A few weeks ago, Ryan Singel at Wired wrote about Google's curious lack of support for Do Not Track (DNT). Rather than embracing the DNT header supported by the three other major browser vendors, Google is instead pushing the 3rd party browser plugins it has released that make it possible for consumers to retain their opt out cookies. As I told Ryan then: "[Google's] opt-out cookies and their plug-in are not aimed at consumers," Soghoian says. "They are aimed at policy makers. Their purpose is to give them something to talk about when they get called in front of Congress. No one is using this plug-in and they don’t expect anyone to use it." Soon after this piece was published, I received a bit of pushback from several friends in Washington, who felt I was unfairly slamming the company. However, when you actually examine the history of the industry's privacy enhancing technologies, they seem awfully similar to the short-lived self regulatory organizations that Pam Dixon highlighted. Privacy enhancing abandonware On March 11, 2009, Google entered the behavioral advertising market. On the same day, Google released its Advertising Cookie Opt-out Plugin for Firefox and Internet Explorer. The browser plugin permanently saves the DoubleClick opt-out cookie, enabling users to retain their opt-out status even after clearing all cookies. Google's tool was a genuine innovation in privacy enhancing technologies. Furthermore, as the tool was released under an open source license, I was able to take the source code, expand it, and turn it into TACO, which opted consumers out of dozens of different ad networks. The initial release of Google's plugin worked with Firefox 1.5 through 3.0. In June 2009, Mozilla released Firefox 3.5. It took Google nearly two weeks to release an update to its plugin that was compatible with the new version of the browser. One year later, Mozilla released Firefox 3.6 in January 2010. This time, it took more than a month for Google to release an updated version of the add-on. Most recently, on March 22, 2011, Mozilla released Firefox 4.0. More than 5 weeks later, Google still has not released an updated version of its opt out add-on. Google can perhaps be forgiven for ignoring the users of its Firefox privacy add-on -- the company's attention seems to have shifted to its new plugin: Keep My Opt Outs, which only supports the company's Chrome Browser (the tool was quickly rushed out announced on the same day that Mozilla announced its support for Do Not Track). Similarly, in November 2009, the Network Advertising Initiative (an organization representing many of the major ad networks) released its own Firefox plugin that makes opt out cookies permanent. NAI Executive Director Charles Curran told one journalist that "this [tool] has been a recognition of criticism of opt-outs that are recorded in cookies. It's essentially designed to prevent the standard sweep of cookies that you get from a cookie cache dump...It's designed to work with the browser functionality." As with Google's plugin, although it has been more than 5 weeks since the the release of Firefox 4.0, the NAI plugin still has not been updated to support it. Why updates are important When a user upgrades to a new version of Firefox, the browser will check for available updates to all installed browser plugins. Any plugins that have not been updated to support the new browser release will be disabled. This is obviously a pretty big problem, which is why Mozilla actively encourages developers to make sure that their addons support upcoming versions of the browser. For the 4.0 version of Firefox, which was released in March, Mozilla started harassing add-on developers as far back as November, 2010. As such, there are likely tens of thousands (if not more) users of Firefox 4.0 whose Advertising Cookie Opt-out Plugin is currently disabled due to incompatibility. The moment these users clear their cookies (something some many have configured to happen automatically when they restart their browser), they will lose their doubleclick.net behavioral advertising opt out cookie. Likewise, the thousands of Firefox 4.0 users who had previously installed the NAI opt out plugin have now lost the opt out cookie persistence that they were promised. These firms have created privacy enhancing technologies and then loudly advertised them to consumers and regulators. Unfortunately, now that the attention of regulators has shifted to Do Not Track, both Google and the NAI appear to have abandoned the users of their respective plugins. Neither firm has provided their users with sufficient notice to let them know the impact, or let them know what other options they have to continue to maintain their opt out choices. Perhaps the FTC will take notice? at 11:55 AM 3 comments: Labels: do not track How can US law enforcement agencies access location data stored by Google and Apple? Note: I am not a lawyer. US privacy law is exceedingly complex. If I am wrong, I hope that someone who knows this better will chime in. Over the past day, the iPhone location scandal has expanded beyond location data retained on the phone to data sent by iPhones and Android devices back to Apple and Google. This raises some really interesting issues, particularly regarding the degree to which these companies can be compelled to disclose that data to law enforcement agencies. In this blog post, I am going to try and examine the limited legal protections afforded to this data. Today, the Wall Street Journal reported that Apple's iPhones and iPads and Google's Android mobile phones all collect and transmit back to the companies data about a device's nearby WiFi access points, geo-location data, and in Google's case, a unique identifier. According to the Journal, Android phones collect the data every few seconds and transmit it to the company at least several times an hour. Apple, meanwhile, "intermittently" collects data and transmits that data to itself every 12 hours. The motivation for this data collection appears to be in order to create a large database of WiFi access points and their associated location, which can then be used by mobile devices to determine the user's approximate location information (doing so via WiFi uses far less battery power than using the GPS chip). While such collection is likely entirely commercial in nature, this also raises serious privacy concerns regarding the ease with which law enforcement agencies can access this sensitive data. A quick primer in location privacy law The primary law in the US that governs the privacy of information kept by Internet and communications companies is the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA). This law dates back to 1986, long before cloud computing, email inboxes larger than 5 megabytes, or GPS enabled smartphones. To be quite blunt, the law is hopelessly out of date, and it is for this reason that the House and Senate held multiple hearings over the last two years focused on ECPA reform. For user data to be protected by ECPA, it needs to fall into one of two categories: An "electronic communication service" ("ECS") is "any service which provides to users thereof the ability to send or receive wire or electronic communications." Examples of this include telephone email services. A "remote computing service" ("RCS") is a "provision to the public of computer storage or processing services by means of an electronic communications system." Roughly speaking, a remote computing service is provided by an off-site computer that stores or processes data for a user. Examples of this likely include data stored in the cloud, such as online backup services. ECPA provides varying degrees of protections for communications content and non-content data stored by an ECS or RCS (without going too far into the details, communications content generally required a warrant, and most non-content data can be obtained with a lesser court order). However, if the service is neither an ECS, nor an RCS, law enforcement agencies can obtain the information with a mere subpoena, without getting a judge to sign off on the order. Location data under ECPA Law enforcement agencies routinely obtain location data from wireless telephone companies. Depending on the kind of data sought (historical or real time, fine-grained or approximate tower data), the kind of court order varies between a probable cause warrant, or an order based upon facts showing that the information will be relevant and material to an ongoing investigation. It is important to note that the wireless carriers are providing their customers with a communications service, and that the location data is usually generated in the process of the users' phone transmitting voice or other data to a tower. While most consumers probably do not realize that the phone companies know where they are whenever they make a call or check their email, consumers are at least knowingly making a call or checking their email. As such, the location data obtained by the government quite clearly falls into the ECS category under ECPA. Internet companies, location data and ECPA In 2009, Google launched Latitude, its mobile location check-in competitor to Loopt and Foursquare. Shortly after the launch, the EFF reported that both Loopt and Google had pledged to require that user location data would only be delivered to law enforcement agencies in response to a warrant. As EFF explained at the time: When it comes to friend-finding services, we think it’s clear that your location information is the content of a private communication between you and your friends, and that it deserves the same legal protections against wiretapping as the content of your phone calls or your emails. Because the text of ECPA doesn't actually include the word "location", Loopt and Google tried to get the best protections they could for users' check-in data by arguing that it is in fact a communication transmitted through their service to users' friends. That is, these firms argued that check-in location data is is an ECS. (Note to legal experts: I am simplifying this a little bit, since these companies actually insisted on a wiretap order. The companies don't keep any historical location data by default, other than the most recent data-point, so they insisted on an intercept order before they would start retaining future location data). iPhone/Android location data: ECS, RCS or neither? Now, with this in mind, lets consider the location data transmitted covertly by iPhones and Android devices. Given that the existence of this information collection and transmission wasn't widely disclosed to users (other than in privacy policies that no one reads), that it didn't hit the press until this week, and that users are not knowingly transmitting the information to their friends or anyone else, I think it is going to be pretty tough for these two firms to be able to claim that this location data falls into the ECS protections of ECPA. This location data is simply not a communication by the user. Similarly, I don't think that these companies can reasonably claim that this location data falls into the category of an RCS, since it isn't a storage or processing service provided to the user. Quite simply, the companies are collecting this data for their own benefit, not the user's, who probably has no idea that it is being collected and transmitted to a server somewhere. What this means, I think, is that this location data likely does not fall under the protections of ECPA, which means that law enforcement agencies can likely obtain it with just a subpoena. Now, it is quite possible that if and when these firms receive a request for this data, they could refuse to comply with the subpoena, and argue that it should be subject to the protections of the 4th Amendment. Certainly, some judges around the country have decided that mobile phone location data is sensitive enough to require a probable cause warrant issued by a judge. However, many other judges do not agree with that theory. Without the protections of ECPA, if the courts do not think this data deserves 4th amendment protections, there is nothing to stop law enforcement agencies from getting it with a subpoena. What should be clear after reading this post is that privacy law in this country is hopelessly out of date. The collection of location information by Apple and Google raises some really troubling questions regarding the degree to which existing law restricts law enforcement access to the data when it is not associated with a communication by the user, but rather, is collected without their knowledge or consent. As I noted at the beginning of this post, I am not a legal expert (but a computer scientist by training). There are several fantastic privacy law experts out there, and I really hope that they look into this issue, and write their own, far more extensive analysis. Labels: apple, ecpa, google, location How Dropbox sacrifices user privacy for cost savings Note: This flaw is different than the authentication flaw in Dropbox that Derek Newton recently published. Dropbox, the popular cloud based backup service deduplicates the files that its users have stored online. This means that if two different users store the same file in their respective accounts, Dropbox will only actually store a single copy of the file on its servers. The service tells users that it "uses the same secure methods as banks and the military to send and store your data" and that "[a]ll files stored on Dropbox servers are encrypted (AES-256) and are inaccessible without your account password." However, the company does in fact have access to the unencrypted data (if it didn't, it wouldn't be able to detect duplicate data across different accounts). This bandwidth and disk storage design tweak creates an easily observable side channel through which a single bit of data (whether any particular file is already stored by one or more users) can be observed. If you value your privacy or are worried about what might happen if Dropbox were compelled by a court order to disclose which of its users have stored a particular file, you should encrypt your data yourself with a tool like truecrypt or switch to one of several cloud based backup services that encrypt data with a key only known to the user. For those of you who haven't heard of it, Dropbox is a popular cloud-based backup service that automatically synchronizes user data. It is really easy to use and the company even offers users 2GB of storage for free, with the option to pay for more space. The problem is, offering free storage space to users can be quite expensive, at least once you gain millions of users. In what I suspect was a price-motivated design decision, Dropbox deduplicates the data uploaded by its users. What this means is that if two users backup the same file, Dropbox only stores a single copy of it. The file still appears in both users' accounts, but the company doesn't consume storage space nor upload bandwidth on a second copy of the file. The company's CTO described the deduplication in a note posted in the "Bugs & Troubleshooting" section on the company's web forum last year: Woah! How did that 750MB file upload so quickly? Dropbox tries to be very smart about minimizing the amount of bandwidth used. If we detect that a file you're trying to upload has already been uploaded to Dropbox, we don't make you upload it again. Similarly, if you make a change to a file that's already on Dropbox, you'll only have to upload the pieces of the file that changed. This works across all data on Dropbox, not just your own account. There are no security implications [emphasis added] - your data is still kept logically separated and not affected by changes that other users make to their data. Ashkan Soltani was able to verify the deduplication for himself a couple weeks ago. It took just a few minutes with a packet sniffer. A new randomly generated 6.8MB file uploaded to dropbox lead to 7.4MB of network traffic, while a 6.4MB file that had been previously uploaded to a different dropbox account lead to just 16KB in network traffic. Claims of security and privacy There are long standing privacy and security concerns with storing data in the cloud, and so Dropbox has a helpful page on their website which attempts to address these: Your files are actually safer while stored in your Dropbox than on your computer in some cases. We use the same secure methods as banks and the military to send and store your data. Dropbox takes the security of your files and of our software very seriously. We use the best tools and engineering practices available to build our software, and we have smart people making sure that Dropbox remains secure. Your files are backed-up, stored securely, and password-protected. Dropbox uses modern encryption methods to both transfer and store your data... All files stored on Dropbox servers are encrypted (AES-256) and are inaccessible without your account password Reading through this document, it would be easy for anyone but a crypto expert to get the false impression that Dropbox does in fact protect the security and privacy of users' data. Many users and even the technology press will not realize that AES-256 is useless against many attacks if the encryption key isn't kept private. What is missing from the firm's website is a statement regarding how the company is using encryption, and in particular, what kinds of keys are used and who has access to them. Encryption and deduplication Encryption and deduplication are two technologies that generally don't mix well. If the encryption is done correctly, it should not be possible to detect what files a user has stored (or even if they have stored the same file as someone else), and so deduplication will not be possible. Dropbox is likely calculating hashes of users' files before they are transmitted to the company's servers. While it is not clear if the company is using a single encryption key for all of the files users' have stored with the service, or multiple encryption keys, it doesn't really matter (from a privacy and security standpoint), because Dropbox knows the keys. If the company didn't have access to the encryption keys, it wouldn't be able to detect duplicate files. While the decision to deduplicate data has probably saved the company quite a bit of storage space and bandwidth, it has significant flaws which are particularly troubling given the statements made by the company on its security and privacy page. Cloud backup providers do not need to design their products this way. Spideroak and Tarsnap are two competing services that encrypt their users' data with a key only known to that user. These companies have opted to put their users' privacy first, but the side effect is that they require more back-end storage space. If 20 users upload the same file, both companies upload and store 20 copies of that file (and in fact, they have no way of knowing if a user is uploading something that another user has backed up). Why is this a problem? As Ashkan Soltani was able to test in just a few minutes, it is possible to determine if any given file is already stored by one or more Dropbox users, simply by observing the amount of data transferred between your own computer and Dropbox's servers. If the file isn't already stored by Dropbox, the entire file will be uploaded. If Dropbox has the file already, just a few kb of communication will occur. While this doesn't tell you which other users have uploaded this file, presumably Dropbox can figure it out. I doubt they'd do it if asked by a random user, but when presented with a court order, they could be forced to. What this means, is that from the comfort of their desks, law enforcement agencies or copyright trolls can upload contraband files to Dropbox, watch the amount of bandwidth consumed, and then obtain a court order if the amount of data transferred is smaller than the size of the file. Last year, the New York Attorney General announced that Facebook, MySpace and IsoHunt had agreed to start comparing every image uploaded by a user to an AG supplied database of more than 8000 hashes of child pornography. It is easy to imagine a similar database of hashes for pirated movies and songs, ebooks stripped of DRM, or leaked US government diplomatic cables. On April 1, 2011, Marcia Hofmann at the Electronic Frontier Foundation contacted Dropbox to let them know about the flaw, and that a researcher would be publishing the information on April 12th. There are plenty of horror stories of security researchers getting threatened by companies, and so I hoped that by keeping my identity a secret, and having an EFF attorney notify the company about the flaw, that I would reduce my risk of trouble. At 6:15PM west coast time on April 11th, an attorney from Fenwick & West retained by Dropbox left Marcia a voicemail message, in which he reveled that: "the company is updating their privacy policy and security overview that is on the website to add further detail." Marcia spoke with the company's attorney this morning, and was told that the company will be updating its privacy policy and security overview to clarify that if Dropbox receives a warrant, it has the ability to remove its own encryption to provide data to law enforcement. While I want to praise the company for being willing to clarify the security statements made on its website, I hope this will be a first step on this issue, and not the last. It is unlikely that the millions of existing Dropbox users will stumble across the new privacy policy in their regular web browsing. As such, the company should send out an email to its users to let them know about this flaw, and advise them of the steps they can take if they are concerned about the privacy of their data. I also urge the company to abandon its deduplication system design, and embrace strong encryption with a key only known to each user. Other online backup services have done it for some time. This is the only real way that data can be secure in the cloud. DEA rejects FOIA for 38 pages of docs related to Sprint's digital surveilance API As some of my regular readers know, in October 2009, I attended an invitation-only surveillance industry conference in Washington DC. It was at that event where I recorded an executive from Sprint bragging about the 8 million GPS queries his company delivered via a special website to law enforcement agencies in a 13 month period. At that same event, Paul W. Taylor, the manager of Sprint/Nextel’s Electronic Surveillance team revealed that the wireless carrier also provides a next-generation surveillance API to law enforcement agencies, allowing them to automate and digitally submit their requests for user data: "We have actually our LSite [Application Programming Interface (API)] is, there is no agreement that you have to sign. We give it to every single law enforcement manufacturer, the vendors, the law enforcement collection system vendors, we also give it to our CALEA vendors, and we've given it to the FBI, we've given it to NYPD, to the Drug Enforcement Agency. We have a pilot program with them, where they have a subpoena generation system in-house where their agents actually sit down and enter case data, it gets approved by the head guy at the office, and then from there, it gets electronically sent to Sprint, and we get it ... So, the DEA is using this, they're sending a lot and the turn-around time is 12-24 hours. So we see a lot of uses there." My PhD research is focused on the relationship between communications and applications service providers and the government, and the way that these companies voluntarily facilitate (or occasionally, resist) surveillance of their customers. As such, this sounded pretty interesting, and so on December 3, 2009, I filed a FOIA request with the DEA to get documents associated with the Sprint LSite API and the DEA's use of the system. On March 8, 2011, I received a letter (pdf) from the DEA, telling me that although they found 38 pages of relevant material, they are withholding every single page. I will of course be appealing this rejection, either by myself, or with any luck, someone experienced with FOIA appeals and litigation will contact me and offer to help. It is bad enough that Sprint is bending over backwards to assist the government in its surveillance of Sprint customers, but what is even worse, is that the DEA is refusing to allow the public to learn anything about this program. If, as Mr Taylor suggested, there is a computer in every DEA office connected directly to Sprint's computer systems, the public has a right to know. Labels: FOIA, sprint, surveillance The negative impact of AT&T's purchase of T-Mobile on the market for privacy Yesterday, AT&T announced that it will be purchasing T-Mobile, the fourth largest wireless carrier in the US. While there are many who have raised antitrust concerns about this deal due to the impact it will have on the price of wireless services and mobile device/application choice, I want to raise a slightly different concern: the impact this will have on privacy. While it is little known to most consumers, T-Mobile is actually the most privacy preserving of the major wireless carriers. As I described in a blog post earlier this year, T-Mobile does not have or keep IP address logs for its mobile users. What this means is that if the FBI, police or a civil litigant wish to later learn which user was using a particular IP address at a given date and time, T-Mobile is unable to provide the information. In comparison, Verizon, AT&T and Sprint all keep logs regarding the IP addresses they issue to their customers, and in some cases, even the individual URLs of the pages viewed from handsets. While privacy advocates encourage companies to retain as little data about their customers as possible, the Department of Justice wants them to retain identifying IP data for long periods of time. Enough so that T-Mobile was called out (albeit not by name) by a senior DOJ official at a data retention hearing at the House Judiciary Committee back in January: "One mid-size cell phone company does not retain any records, and others are moving in that direction." If and when the Federal government approves this deal, T-Mobile's customers and infrastructure will likely be folded into the AT&T mothership. As a result, T-Mobile's customers will lose their privacy preserving ISP, and instead have their online activities tracked by AT&T. After this deal goes through, there will be three major wireless carriers, all of whom have solid track records of being hostile to privacy: AT&T, a company that voluntarily participated in the Bush-era warrantless wiretapping program in which it illegally disclosed its customers communications to the National Security Agency. Verizon, a company that similarly voluntarily participated in the warrantless wiretapping program, and then when sued by the Electronic Frontier Foundation, argued in court that it had free speech right protected by the 1st Amendment to disclose that data to the NSA. Sprint, a company that established a website so that law enforcement agencies would no longer have to go through the trouble of seeking the assistance of Sprint employees in order to locate individual Sprint customers. This website was then used to ping Sprint users more than 8 million times in a single year. The market for privacy Today, privacy is largely an issue risk mitigation for firms. Chief Privacy Officers are tasked with protecting against data breaches, and class action lawsuits related to the 3rd party cookies that litter companies' homepages. The privacy organizations within companies do not bring in new customers, or improve the bottom line, but protect the firm from regulators and class action lawyers. Recently, there are signs that this may be changing. Microsoft and Mozilla are now visibly competing on privacy features such as "Do Not Track" built into their web browsers. Several venture capital firms have invested cash into firms like Reputation.com and Abine who are selling privacy enhancing products to consumers. To be clear, the market for privacy is in its infancy. As such, the government should be doing everything possible to nurture and encourage such growth. It is for that reason that the FTC should not permit the one and only privacy protecting major wireless carrier to be swallowed up by AT&T, a company that has repeatedly violated the privacy of its customers. The FTC should lead the government's investigation into this deal, and should reject it on privacy grounds When the FTC approved Google's merger with Doubeclick in 2007, then Commissioner Pamela Jones Harbour raised the issue of privacy in her dissent (pages 9-12). As I think history now confirms, the FTC erred in ignoring Commissioner Harbour and not considering the issue of privacy in the Google deal. However, many of her comments similarly apply to the AT&T/T-Mobile deal. While the FTC cannot turn back the clock on Google/Doubleclick, it can and should protect the privacy of the millions of T-Mobile subscribers. The FTC should block this merger. However, even if the deal is permitted to go through, the FTC should at least extract strict privacy guarantees from AT&T that include a policy of not retaining IP address allocation or other Internet browsing logs. If the FTC, Commerce Department and Congress want the market to provide privacy to consumers, then they need to make sure that consumers have options in this area. Without options, informed consumers cannot vote with their wallets. Companies that choose to go the extra mile to protect privacy should be rewarded for doing so, and not, when the market for privacy is so young, be swallowed up by those that steamroll over their customers' desire to keep their data safe. Labels: ATT, privacy, t-mobile Federal judge in Twitter/Wikileaks case rules that consumers read privacy policies Earlier this afternoon, a federal magistrate judge issued an order in the much-hyped Twitter/Wikileaks case. While I will leave it to others in the media to analyze the order and its impact, I do want to focus on one specific issue. The three individuals who objected to having their Twitter account records obtained by the government (referred to in the order as the petitioners) raised an interesting 4th amendment claim regarding their IP address information. Building on recent developments in the area of location privacy (where the 3rd circuit ruled that consumers do not knowingly transmit their location information to phone companies, because they generally don't understand the technical details of how phones work), the individuals here claimed that they didn't realize that they were conveying their IP addresses to Twitter, and thus maintained a privacy interest in this information. The judge didn't buy this argument at all -- but rather than focusing on the fact that two of the individuals are skilled security experts who obviously understand how IP addresses work, she instead based her decision on Twitter's privacy policy. From page 13 of her order: In an attempt to distinguish the reasoning of Smith v. Maryland and Bynum, petitioners content that Twitter users do not directly, visibly, or knowingly convey their IP addresses to the website, and thus maintain a legitimate privacy interest. This is inaccurate. Before creating a Twitter account, readers are notified that IP addresses are among the kinds of "Log Data" that Twitter collects, transfers and manipulates. See Warshak, 2010 recognizing that internet service provider's notice of intent to monitor subscribers' emails diminishes expectation of privacy). Thus, because petitioners voluntarily conveyed their IP addresses to Twitter as a condition of use, they have no legitimate Fourth Amendment privacy interest. A footnote below the paragraph states further that: At the hearing, petitioners suggested that they did not read or understand Twitter's Privacy Policy, such that any conveyance of IP addresses to Twitter was involuntary. This is unpersuasive. Internet users are bound by the terms of click-through agreements made online. A.V. ex rel. Vanderhye v. iParadigms, LLC, 544 F.Supp.2d 473,480 (E.D. Va. 2008) (finding a valid "clickwrap" contract where users clicked "I Agree" to acknowledge their acceptance of the terms) (aff'd A.V. ex rel v. iParadigms, LLC, F.3d 630,645 n.8 (4th Cir. 2009). By clicking on "create my account", petitioners consented to Twitter's terms of use in a binding "clickwrap" agreement to turn over to Twitter their IP addresses and more. Twitter's privacy policy The facts here are quite a bit different than the Vanderhye v. iParadigms case that the judge cites. I will leave it to legal scholars to pick apart and analyze those differences. Instead, I want to highlight the Twitter sign up process, and then a few other facts which make it clear that it is absolutely insane to assume that consumers have read privacy policies, when all available evidence (and statements by several senior government officials) suggests the opposite. When you sign up for a Twitter account, you are shown a copy of the 200-line Terms of Service, in a text-box which displays 5 lines of text at a time. Users are not required to scroll to the bottom, or click a checkbox acknowledging that they have read the terms. Instead, right above the clickable "Create My Account" button, there is the following line of text: By clicking on "Create my account" below, you are agreeing to the Terms of Service above and the Privacy Policy. The Twitter terms of service do not actually include any mention of IP addresses. Instead, it is Twitter's privacy policy that includes the following section of text in its sixth paragraph: Log Data: Our servers automatically record information ("Log Data") created by your use of the Services. Log Data may include information such as your IP address, browser type, the referring domain, pages visited, and search terms. Other actions, such as interactions with advertisements, may also be included in Log Data. Although the judge states in her order that "[b]efore creating a Twitter account, readers are notified that IP addresses are among the kinds of 'Log Data' that Twitter collects, transfers and manipulates," that isn't entirely true. It would be far more accurate to say that before creating a Twitter account, users are presented a link to a privacy policy, which includes a statement six paragraphs down about IP address collection. Users are further told that by clicking on a button to create the account, that they acknowledge that they read the linked privacy policy, although Twitter does not actually take any steps to make sure that users clicked on the link or scrolled through the content on that page. Of course, it wouldn't really matter if Twitter forced people to click on the privacy policy, or scroll through the page, because everyone knows that consumers won't actually read through the text. The FTC and Supreme Court discuss privacy policies In introductory remarks at a privacy roundtable in December 2009, Federal Trade Commission Chairman Leibowitz told those assembled in the room that: We all agree that consumers don’t read privacy policies – or EULAs, for that matter. Similarly, in a August 2009 interview, David Vladeck, the head of the FTC's Bureau of Consumer Protection told the New York Times that: Disclosures are now written by lawyers, they’re 17 pages long. I don’t think they’re written principally to communicate information; they’re written defensively. I’m a lawyer, I’ve been practicing law for 33 years. I can’t figure out what the hell these consents mean anymore. And I don’t believe that most consumers either read them, or, if they read them, really understand it. Second of all, consent in the face of these kinds of quote disclosures, I’m not sure that consent really reflects a volitional, knowing act. Even the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court has weighed in the issue, albeit only in a speech before students in Buffalo, NY last year. Answering a student question, Roberts admitted he doesn’t usually read the terms of service or privacy polices, according to the Associated Press: It has "the smallest type you can imagine and you unfold it like a map," he said. "It is a problem," he added, "because the legal system obviously is to blame for that." Providing too much information defeats the purpose of disclosure, since no one reads it, he said. "What the answer is," he said, "I don’t know." Academic research on privacy policies Among 222 study participants of the 2007 Golden Bear Omnibus Survey, the Samuelson Clinic found that only 1.4% reported reading EULAs often and thoroughly, 66.2% admit to rarely reading or browsing the contents of EULAs, and 7.7% indicated that they have not noticed these agreements in the past or have never read them. Similarly, a survey of more than 2000 people by Harris Interactive in 2001 found that more than 60 percent of consumers said they had either "spent little or no time looking at websites' privacy policies" or "glanced through websites' privacy policies, but . . . rarely read them in depth." Of those individuals surveyed, only 3 percent said that "most of the time, I carefully read the privacy policies of the websites I visit." However, while the vast majority of consumers don't read privacy policies, some do seem to notice the presence of a privacy policy on a company's website. Unfortunately, most Americans incorrectly believe that the phrase privacy policy signifies that their information will be kept private. A 2003 survey by Annenberg found that 57% of 1,200 adults who were using the internet at home agreed or agreed strongly with the statement "When a web site has a privacy policy, I know that the site will not share my information with other websites or companies." In the 2005 survey, questioners asked 1,200 people whether that same statement is true or false. 59% answered it is true. Even if consumers were interested in reading privacy policies -- doing so would likely consume a significant amount of their time. A research team at Carnegie Mellon University calculated the time to read the privacy policies of the sites used by the average consumer, and determined that: [R]eading privacy policies carry costs in time of approximately 201 hours a year, worth about $2,949 annually per American Internet user. Nationally, if Americans were to read online privacy policies word–for–word, we estimate the value of time lost as about $652 billion annually. Finally, even if consumers took the time to try and read privacy policies, it is quite likely that many would not be capable of understanding them. In 2004, a team of researchers analyzed the content of 64 popular website's privacy policies, and calculated the reading comprehension skills that a reader would need to understand them. Their research revealed that: Of the 64 policies examined, only four (6%) were accessible to the 28.3% of the Internet population with less than or equal to a high school education. Thirty-five policies (54%) were beyond the grasp of 56.6% of the Internet population, requiring the equivalent of more than fourteen years of education. Eight policies (13%) were beyond the grasp of 85.4% of the Internet population, requiring the equivalent of a postgraduate education. Overall, a large segment of the population can only reasonably be expected to understand a small fragment of the policies posted. I don't know the caselaw well enough to say if the judge was correct in stating that clickwraps that link to privacy policies are binding. However, even if there is caselaw supporting this decision, it is in no way supported by evidence of actual consumer behavior, or common sense. If the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court doesn't read privacy policies, how can we expect this of regular consumers? Two honest Google employees: our products don't pr... Warrantless "emergency" surveillance of Internet c... Senators hint at DOJ's secret reinterpretation and... How can US law enforcement agencies access locatio... How Dropbox sacrifices user privacy for cost savin... DEA rejects FOIA for 38 pages of docs related to S... The negative impact of AT&T's purchase of T-Mobile... Federal judge in Twitter/Wikileaks case rules that...

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Click here to return to the main site. Classical Music Review Mezzanine Seat Composer: Michael G. Cunningham Conductor: Petr Vronský Performed by: Moravian Philharmonic Orchestra and Croatian Chamber Orchestra Label: Navona Records navonarecords.com In his latest release for Navona Records, Mezzanine Seat, Michael G. Cunningham uses each aspects of the orchestra, filling out every bit of space with breathtaking melody and harmony. The arrangements emote a sophistication that echoes J.S. Bach, one of Cunningham’s greatest inspirations. Under the conductorship of Petr Vronský, the Moravian Philharmonic Orchestra and the Croatian Chamber Orchestra bring Cunningham's compositions to life... After not really enjoying Michael G. Cunningham's 2017 release, An Arc of Quartets, I was unsure as what to expect here. I'm not a lover of experimental classical music that doesn't evoke some sort of deep emotional feeling, as in his previous release. It was a pleasant surprise to discover that his new recording, Mezzanine Seat, is poles apart from An Arc of Quartets, being full of spirit, emotional themes and beautiful, melancholic moments. In the three-part composition 'Bach Diadem', Cunningham pays tribute to J.S. Bach and incorporates 18th-century orchestral influence in his compositions. On this release he maps out stories, through his compositions, that pick out instruments to take centre stage, acting as characters in an opera. This is perfectly illustrated in 'Clarinet Concerto', where the clarinet is seen as the protagonist in the narrative, carried by the orchestra. If I was to attempt to try to extol the merits of this beautiful recording to someone that wasn't overly au fait with classical music, I'd entice them to buy it by describing it as having a hint of John Williams. I caught little bits littering this recording that sounded like they could have been in Star Wars: Episode IV or Raiders of the Lost Ark. In addition, the opening of 'Clarinet Concerto Op. 186 - Charivari' briefly reminded me of Alan Silvestri's score for Back to the Future. For those more classically minded, there are segments that bring to mind Prokofiev's Romeo and Juliet. It's not that Cunningham is paying homage, as there are no real similar themes. It's more in the use of instruments and how they play off one another. As modern classical music goes, it doesn't come much interesting than this. It's a beautifully diverse and emotionally rich album. Darren Rea Buy this item online Each of the store links below opens in a new window, allowing you to compare the price of this product from various online stores. iTunes GB

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The American Public Has a Plan to Cut the Deficit: Higher Taxes As evidenced by the CBO numbers above, lawmakers may be placing little importance on the rising deficit, but the American public apparently takes a different view. Writing at The Washington Post’s Monkey Cage, Steven Kull, the director of the Program for Public Consultation at the University of Maryland’s School of Public Policy, points out that a Politico-Harvard telephone poll conducted last December found that reducing the deficit was among the top three priorities Americans laid out for the new Congress. To find out just how the public would handle the federal tax and spending decisions, Kull’s program conducted a survey of its own this past spring, giving 2,403 voters a chance to craft their own budget. The result: “Given options for changing discretionary spending and/or general revenue, majorities overall cut the deficit by $544 billion. Republicans cut it by $401 billion, while Democrats cut it by $663 billion.” Taxes, taxes, taxes: Democrats and Republicans overlapped on $376 billion in deficit reduction measures, with voters in both parties agreeing to raise taxes on high earners. “Bipartisan majorities reversed the 2017 tax cuts for incomes over $200,000, generating $111 billion: That included 64 percent overall, 54 percent of Republicans and 74 percent of Democrats, with even larger percentages rolling back the tax cuts for higher incomes,” Kull says. Three in five of those polled also decided to eliminate the lower tax rate on capital gains and dividends for those earning more than $200,000 — a change that generated another $122 billion. And three-quarters of poll respondents introduced an extra tax of at least 4% on incomes over $5 million, generating another $13 billion. The poll also found solid majorities would impose surtaxes on corporate profits above $100 million and a financial transactions tax on stock, bond and derivative trades. Sin taxes on alcohol and tobacco also proved popular. Spending cuts, on the other hand, “played a relatively minor role,” Kull says. “The biggest target was defense spending — 56 percent of respondents cut the base defense budget by at least $42 billion, in addition to some other cuts to military spending, but 53 percent of Republicans cut it by $7 billion.” You can try building your own budget here. The Treasury Department said late Thursday that it will begin issuing 20-year bonds in the first half of this year as... At the heart of the impeachment trial of President Trump that got underway today in the Senate lies a question of... The Iowa caucuses are less than three weeks away and the top four Democratic presidential contenders are tightly...

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Cover feature: Never say die: Chvrches Moving Stateside for album three, opening their doors to collaborators for the first time, and ripping up their rulebook in the process, Chvrches’ voice is bolder than ever on ‘Love is Dead’. Words: El Hunt Photos: Phil Smithies It’s an age old cliche: band makes it big, and moves to America. It’s one that’s true, too, because let’s face it, we’ve heard this story go wrong so many times before. Normally, it involves a wide-eyed band on the up plus a world famous producer, multiplied by a stint hanging out with the palm trees in Los Angeles, a spiritual experience in Joshua Tree, a swanky residence in a second city, and a couple of global megastars sashaying into the studio for feature spots - all equalling a glossy, over-polished record that’s baying for the Top 40 at the end of it all. Being one of the oldest fables in music, it’s a story that Chvrches were all too cautious about, too. “On paper, Chvrches makes album in LA sounds terrible,” concedes Lauren Mayberry today. Unlike like many of their predecessors - too distracted by infinity pools and sweeping skyline views to notice the sterility setting in - Chvrches were determined to steer their plot in a different direction. You’ll be relieved to know that despite creating their third album from their new writing space in New York (“Shoebox is more appropriate,” deadpans Iain Cook), teaming up with pop production powerhouse Greg Kurstin for a large portion of the record, and having their faces plastered across Times Square during one especially surreal moment of proceedings, the trio haven’t lost sight of their core. “That was a high moment!” remarks Martin Doherty, revisiting the surreal time that the band found themselves on NYC’s most infamous wall of adverts. “It wasn’t expected of anyone from Faifley. There’s nothing wrong with taking a wee bit of pride, but then let’s move on!” he adds. “You don’t grow up in Glasgow with airs and graces. You don’t get away with it. You can’t come through Glasgow - playing local shows, even - with ideas above your station. I guess that is armour. You set all of that stuff really early on in the background.” Instead, Chvrches’ Stateside adventures came from a different place; a hunger to broaden their horizons. Teaming up with Matt Berninger from The National for witchy bop ‘My Enemy’, and opening up their close-knit trio to a producer for the first time saw the band gladly ripping up their own sacred rulebook, more than happy to be proven wrong. “I’m on the record [in interviews] all over the place saying we would never co-write with anyone,” Martin admits, “because I totally believed it at the time.” After speed-dating a few producers - with mixed results - the band instantly clicked with Greg. “It’s best to date before you get married. Maybe this metaphor extends,” he grins, “but it was three albums in before we were willing to sleep with somebody.” His bandmates groan, simultaneously. “On paper, ‘Chvrches makes album in L.A.’ sounds terrible.” — Lauren Mayberry ”It feels like this was a good time to cast the net out a little wider and start to invite other people into the process,” Iain adds with admirable composure. “We’ve made two albums [‘The Bones of What You Believe’ and ‘Every Open Eye’] together, and it doesn’t matter where we are, or who we’re in a room with, that identity is really concrete. We’ve forged that on our own.” “We had to build those foundations so that we know inside and out what we wanted to do,” Lauren concludes. “I want us to be the ones who set the agenda.” With divisions deepening across the world, the band agree, now also feels like a fitting time to build bridges with other artists to foster positivity in numbers. To cite one prime example, Chvrches first got to know collaborator Matt Berninger properly through working together on the healthcare benefit compilation ‘7-Inches for Planned Parenthood’. “It’s nice, if you’re feeling helpless in these current times, to be like, well, how do you take that helplessness, and channel it into something good?” Lauren agrees. “That’s true here, to an extent.” As for relocating to New York, the band say, changing tact, that shift came about out of necessity. The time felt right for a new challenge. “For me,” Lauren explains, “it was about pushing myself out of my comfort zone, on a personal level, but also on a writing level. I felt I’d written everything about living in that city [Glasgow] at that time that I could. You don’t want to keep writing the same thing again and again, and I felt like I might be in danger of that. I had to go somewhere else other than my kitchen table." “You don’t grow up in Glasgow with airs and graces.” — Martin Doherty The result of all this is ‘Love Is Dead’ - a monstrously massive third record which marries Chvrches’ biggest pop moments yet with a saltier, heavier edge. Addressing the political more explicitly than ever (‘Graves’ in particular directly addresses an institutionalised lack of empathy that’s “leaving bodies in stairwells and washing up on the shore”) and elsewhere, refusing to play up to the prescribed gendered role of a “perfect actress playing the princess in distress” (on the anthemic ‘Heaven / Hell’) Chvrches’ heart-filled personally-charged pop takes on an urgent spin. In these times, that feels vital. “I think you see certain musicians staying quiet because they have the luxury and privilege to do so,” Lauren reasons. “A few years ago, you had people saying ‘I’m not a feminist, because I don’t hate men’. The reason people were able to say that is because they think ‘sexism doesn’t affect me’. It does, you’re mugging yourself off, and you can say that because you’ve reached a level of privilege, wealth and security where you’re safe from that. It’s exactly the same now with people refusing to talk about race. Looking back, these kinds of attitudes will seem completely irresponsible. At the end of the day, this is entertainment, it’s made up. We’re lucky we get to do it. But what kind of person do you want to be when you’re doing it?” Lauren asks. “Do you want to sell a hundred more records in a certain place because you kept your mouth shut and played ball? The darkness is where those things fester, and if you don’t even attempt to shine a light on it, you’re part of the problem.” She’s also angered by certain critics insisting that musicians should ‘shut up and stick to the music’; especially given the level of sexism that still exists in the music industry itself. Recounting one shitty experience in particular - with a newspaper that Lauren tactfully refrains from naming - it’s clear that musicians standing firm on their principles is hugely important. “I remember shaking the phone and giving it the finger. He was like: ‘by the time [‘Every Open Eye’] comes out… you’ll be almost thirty, so will you be taking some time off from the band to think about having children and that aspect of your personal life?’ I was like, they’re both older than me, you’re not asking them that!” she exclaims wearily, gesturing across at Iain and Martin. “In the moment, I was like, you’re trying to goad me into saying something; it’s either gonna be ‘she’s a hypocrite, see, she doesn’t stand for what she says she stands for’. Or, it’ll make me look like an angry, crazy, feminist bitch. So I hung up. ‘I’m sorry, I feel like we cut off there.” “Click!” Martin interjects, approvingly. “I want to be respectful of people, but I also want to be respected,” Lauren says, “I thought, what is this fucking bullshit? If I was in a pub, I wouldn’t smack him, but I’d maybe throw a packet of crisps at him." “I want us to be the ones who set the agenda.” “That stay in your lane thing is stupid,” she picks up. “What do they think people write songs about? Songs are about feelings and interactions, perceptions, politics, social issues, relationships, all those things. When people say, don’t talk about these things, it’s none of your business, it’s like, where do you think the songs you’re listening to come from? It’s so funny when people think we’re an overly political band, that we’re overtly political, militant people. It’s just common sense and responsibility.” “I think you should be responsible when you have it,” she adds, referring to Chvrches’ still-growing platform. ”As we’ve learned from Martin’s Harambe comment,” Lauren says, prompting knowing grins from Iain and Dok, “when you say one thing in passing it will get taken seriously.” Ah, yes, about that. As the band graduated to Reading & Leeds’ gigantic main stage in 2016, making yet another step towards their impending headliner-in-waiting status, Martin - no doubt heady with delirium during one of their biggest milestone moments yet - took the opportunity to pay tribute to that year’s biggest accidental meme, dedicating ‘Under the Tide’ to the internet-famous gorilla. To his surprise, his one off-the-cuff comment - much like his previous remarks about collaboration - was immortalised in print. “There’s nothing more unexpected than seeing a quote like that across the music press when you’re hungover,” he jokes, two years on. “Chvrches pay tribute to Harambe at Reading & Leeds”. I was like, alright, I’ll take it.” “I suppose Harambe is symbolic of a lot of other things that we mean the title [‘Love Is Dead’] to mean...” Lauren ponders, making a valiant attempt to bring things back around to the music in question. “He marks the death of empathy. There was no empathy for poor Harambe. The record is about lots of frustrations and sadnesses; grief also. There are all these micro-events, chipping away at us. And Harambe. Harambe is one of those things.” While Lauren’s Harambe-related musings might be taking the whole thing a little far, it’s true that ‘Love Is Dead’ - less a doomed statement, and more the starting of a wider conversation (“it’s a question mark, or an ellipsis,” the band say) - is an album that’s at once saddened and hopeful. Far from killing off connection once and for all, much of the record turns over past regrets and decisions, pondering instead if that love is worth saving again. “I will always think I’m right, but I always regret the night I told you I would hate you ‘til forever,” sings Lauren on the glimmering ‘Forever’, admitting guilt and resolve in a single breath. It’s a balancing act that Chvrches have down to a fine art. “Everything we do sonically is about that balance,” she nods. “Mixing those two things is in the DNA of the band. That’s how we were feeling - conflicted, confused, frustrated - but it doesn’t mean you’re ready to give up. When I listen to the record, it sounds like we’re trying to figure it out. The investigation and trying to get to that point is a bigger part of the journey.” “I’ll let you know when I figure it out,” she adds with a wry smile. Swear Jar At the beginning of this conversation, Martin made us a promise. “We’re not supposed to swear in this interview,” he said. “This is self-imposed because I seem to swear my way through interviews.” We’re big fans of a challenge, readers, and so we totted up the number of naughty words on the unedited interview transcript. Fuck: 10 Shit: 3 The C word: 1 Bitch: 1 'Love Is Dead' is out 25th May via Virgin EMI. Taken from the April 2018 issue of DIY. Read online or subscribe below. Photos: Phil Smithies / DIY Tags: Chvrches, Photos, From The Magazine CHVRCHES release rousing new track ‘Death Stranding’ The new song was created for upcoming PS4 game DEATH STRANDING by Hideo Kojima. Peace, PVRIS and CHVRCHES get ready for Reading & Leeds We talk to Harry Koisser, Lynn Gunn and Lauren Mayberry ahead of this weekend’s festival! Chvrches announce further North American tour dates The trio are back out on the road this July. Chvrches, Limp Bizkit, Giggs for Electric Castle The festival takes place in Romania this July.

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Chris Jericho Stuck At Airport The RCWR Show Episode No. 434 is ON DEMAND Women of Wrestling’s Selina Majors aka “Bambi,” joined The RCWR Show with Lee Sanders and WRESTLING SOUP’s Anthony Missionary Thomas to discuss the response to WOW-Women of Wrestling first season on AXS TV, its upcoming season, perception of women’s wrestling over the years, and candid thoughts on intergender wrestling in 2019. Read highlights below the interview and be sure to check out their conversation. Lee: It’s a pleasure to have you and we really appreciate the work that you and David McLane had been doing with WOW: Women of Wrestling. Tell me how has it been this go-round taking in all the buzz from fans on such an awesome season you all had on AXS TV and just pretty much riding that momentum going into a new season on AXS? Selina Majors: I’m thrilled to death. I’ve waited a long time for this to happen because I’ve had a long journey. So, I’m probably the happiest of everyone. We have worked hard and we’re very excited that they (AXS TV) had us back for another season. We’ve got a different night. I don’t think the time is any different. Still on at 8pm ET / 5pm PST. We’re on Saturday nights now instead of Friday night. I think it was because of their rating that they did, and it’s a better night and a better time slot so I’m really excited about that. I know on September 7th (of Women of Wrestling) is their big debut. I’m just looking really forward to it. If people hadn’t tuned in yet, I’m telling you tune in. it’s a great wrestling show. If you watched it last season be sure and tune in this season because it’s even better if that’s even possible. I didn’t know it would be possible but it’s even better. We’ve got a Tag Team Tournament Series going on. Of course we got great new wrestlers coming in every season. I’m really excited. Mish: You’ve had a fantastic career Selina Majors. If people don’t know that you’ve been wrestling since the 1980’s and you’re still in the business today obviously with WOW. What are some of the major changes that you’ve seen over the years in the way women’s wrestling is received? Selina Majors: One thing that’s changed a lot I think is we’ve got a bigger platform. I started wrestling in 1986 and we were more of a side show. They would have the man’s wrestling and sometimes I used to get in trouble for the terminology, but I’m just saying it like it was back then. I was with the midget wrestlers and the girl wrestlers. They would say attraction, girl wrestlers. Sometimes they wouldn’t even say your name up there. It would just say girls match or they would have midgets match. That was just the special feature that they had and to look at it from that point of view all the way to now thirty 30 years later that we have our one hour show on our own platform, one hour every week, just the girls…I mean blessed is not even a big enough word for me to say as we’ve evolved that much. All the way now to breaking glass ceilings and becoming main events in other wrestling organizations–I think the whole prospect of women having their own platform is just unbelievable today. I waited a long time and I’m so glad I got to see it in my journey. I’m so blessed to be at 50 years old and still being a part of it. Even if it’s behind the curtain. I just feel so thankful. And I like to say thanks to the certain people that that made it all possible. One is AXS TV, Mark Cuban, and Andrew Simon. They gave us this platform that is so unbelievable. Also, Jeanie Buss. If the people don’t know who she is she owns The Los Angeles Lakers out here in California. She believed in it and it wasn’t just over night. A lot of people say, oh, the evolution, the revolution. Well it’s been going on a lot longer than people realize and Jeanie Buss has believed in us for almost 20 years now and she’s been backing us. We’ve been like the little turtle that won the race. We might not be as quick as the other people. We’re not the rabbit who gets it done so quickly but boy we’ve been the turtle and slow and steadily we’ve been doing this for so long. Now we’ve been given the opportunity from AXS Television and our platform on Saturday nights starting September 7th. It’s just a great time to be a woman wrestler. Let’s just say that it’s a great time in the world to be a woman wrestler right now. Thoughts on Intergender wrestling buzz in 2019: Selina Majors: So, and so I’m going to do some reference here. And, I believe it was in 1978 was the first to my knowledge intergender match. So it’s nothing new. And I’m going to tell you the participants in it and who booked the match…Ole Anderson. Not a lot of people liked Ole Anderson and I guess because you’ve been around wrestling you know a lot about it so you know exactly what I’m talking about. He was booked at The Georgia Championship Wrestling and he booked a match that was Joyce Grable and Judy Martin in a man’s tagged team tournament. And in 1978, you can imagine the mixed feelings there. They didn’t win the tournament. In fact they didn’t even win the first match to proceed in the tournament. They got beat by I think it was Scott Hall and… I can’t really remember the guy’s names but it was two guys that wrestled for Georgia Championship Wrestling. So it’s been around a long time. It’s nothing new, but it’s all about the perception of the fans and how they perceive it. I suppose in 1978 it wasn’t perceived and they didn’t go forward with it. During the eighties, there was a lot of mixed tag matches and the rules of those matches was a man and a woman versus a man and a woman. But when the women were in there, if they made the tag then the man had to immediately come inside the ring. There was no man touching the women, women touching the man. But of course in professional wrestling that sometimes happens and it did happen in mixed tags but it was against the rules if you will. So today they’ve stepped out of the box and, I guess it all depends on how the fans perceive it and if it will be a fad, if it’ll go away or if it’ll be here to stay. I’m not a fortune teller, so I couldn’t tell you the answer to that. I do know one thing when people say something new happening I always tell them no that wasn’t the first time. Learn your history. Because when they did it in 1978 it was a it was a big deal. It was a huge deal. No one had ever heard of two women in a mens tag tournament. I don’t really know what it’s like. I think there’s split hairs with people. I think maybe just as many people might enjoyed it there’s just as many people who might not enjoy it. Our (WOW) champion is Tessa Blanchard. She participates in a lot of those matches. Her words are they make her feel empowered. So, I guess on that standpoint you have to respect that. My only fear would be that someone would see something like that. Because we’re family friendly I always used to say to anybody that I’m working with whatever I want on the show (or happens), I want my five year old nephew and my 90 year old grandmother to be able to watch it with me. So if it doesn’t offend them, the kids and my grandmother, then I guess we’re okay. What I be mostly afraid of on that direction is the message being sent out. If the message is it’s empowering women, then I’d be for it. If the message is twisted in any way that it’s ever okay for a guy to hit on a girl then I don’t think that’s okay. There’s very mixed feelings there about that. MUCH MORE IS CONTAINED IN THE INTERVIEW INCLUDING TALK OF JESSIE JONES, MORE ON UPCOMING SEASON OF WOW, TAKING THE WOW ROSTER TO MORE LIVE EVENTS, AND MORE! CHECK OUT VIDEO ABOVE OR CLICK HERE. WOW’s FOUNDER AND OWNER DAVID MCLANE ALSO CHATTED WITH LEE AND MISH. YOU CAN HEAR IT ON THE SITE BY CLICKING HERE. BambiSelina MajorsWomen of WrestlingWomen's WrestlingWOWWOW-Women of Wrestling SHINE 9 Wrestling IPPV Results: April 19, 2013 SHINE 9 IPPV Final Card, How To Watch Shimmer 53 IPPV Results SHINE Wrestling 8 IPPV Results: Valkyrie’s Reign Continues SHINE 8 IPPV Final Card & How To Order

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Misc. Photos Roberto Alfaro was born in New York City and raised in one of the worst drug and gang infested neighborhoods of the South Bronx. And although living in that type of environment was no easy task, it didn't take away from his desire to live a better more meaningful life. Shortly after graduating from Morris High School he became the first member in his family to go to college. This marked a huge milestone for him and his family. It turns out this was only the beginning of a long journey ahead of him. By the time he finished his third year of college he was already married and had one child. He persevered and continued with his education while working and raising a family. At the age of 23, he fulfilled one of his biggest dreams come true when he became a police officer with the Hartford Police Department in Hartford Connecticut in November of 1979. In doing so, he also became the newest member of a long list of police officers in his family. Five years into his rewarding career he was selected as one of the members of the newly formed Hartford Police Mounted Unit. Together with his partner Alex "the wonder horse", they brought chasing and apprehending criminals literally to a whole new level. By January of 2000 after an exemplary career of 20 plus years as one of Hartford's finest, he hung up his saddle for the very last time and retired. And while one career was coming to a close another one was just beginning. Having worked as a professional model since 1992 and an actor since 1995 on a part time basis, now that he was retired, he would be able to devote more time to these two careers. As a professional model, he has traveled all over the country and was even selected as a top ten finalist in three national model search competitions: Star Search, Bacardi Limon (televised on the E channel), and Latina Magazine's "Papi Chulo" (sexiest man) contest. He has also been in over two dozen fashion shows, has graced the covers of numerous magazines, and has appeared in over 300 commercial print ads. As an actor, he has had numerous minor roles on T.V., in shows like Orange Is The New Black, Billions, Blindspot, The Blacklist, The Good Wife, Nurse Jackie, Law and Order: SVU, and New York Undercover just to name a few. He has also had bit roles in movies like Arbitrage, The Bourne Ultimatum, Empire, Love the Hard Way, Sessions, and a host of others. Along with his modeling and acting careers, he also loves dedicating his time to his beautiful family, his health and fitness, dancing salsa, motivational speaking, and working on his memoir which he hopes to finish soon. Finally, as a devoted husband and father of four beautiful children...he takes great pride in crediting his supportive and loving family for so many of his accomplishments in life. Powered by Invisible Gold 3.877 - 1/20/2020 - Login

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If You Experience One Show in Your Lifetime: St. Vincent The Fillmore, NC It’s happened. After a 2 1/2 year hiatus from Rock Is A Girl’s Best Friend, St. Vincent has inspired me to write again. During the past few years, I’ve been to hundreds of additional concerts, several of them outstanding. I’ve considered writing about some of those shows, but then life moved on, another show happened, and the backlog grew greater than Game of Thrones, thus becoming insurmountable. So here we are: nearly halfway through 2018. . . and I can’t stop thinking about a show I experienced 6 nights ago, nor the St. Vincent shows which preceded it earlier this year. Now I have a new challenge: finding the words to describe Annie Clark and what it feels like to go on a journey with St. Vincent. Every adjective that comes to mind feels cliche when I consider using it in conjunction with Clark or her work. Some say “genius” and I agree, she is brilliant. “Genius” can infer that things come easy, but it’s Clark’s passion and dedication, in conjunction with her brilliance that consistently raise the bar with everything she does. What she puts into her music, art, storytelling, and shows, is undeniable – and potentially undefinable – when you experience it. She’s exceptionally thoughtful, seemingly about everything she does. From writing to recording, production, artwork, creative vision, humorous album rollout, unconventional ‘press conference’, and performance. It’s clear her intention is to deliver the highest quality in all that she creates, and she does so masterfully. While thoughtful, it doesn’t feel contrived. It’s not a construct of her mind “thinking”. It’s the way she creates, and you can feel it coming from the heart (a cliche, but not in this case). You feel how deeply she cares, and that she cares because she’s creating for you. The best analogy I can think of to describe Clark is the Galapagos. There are species which exist only in the Galapagos, nowhere else on the planet. Within the archipelago itself, there are plants and animals which exist solely on one of the islands, not the others. Traveling through the Galapagos, we saw things we’d never encountered before, which could not be defined by any word in our vocabulary nor fit into a familiar category. There was a bird-creature which looked most like a flamingo, but wasn’t; and a tree with the trunk of a palm tree, but each of its colossal branches resembled a pine tree. The brain short-circuits a bit, trying to make sense of what you’re seeing, and you become overwhelmed with awe. When you ask a Naturalist, “What is that??”, you learn there is no common word for it, just binomial nomenclature defining its genus and species. Terms you’ll likely not remember unless you’re fluent in Latin. Now that we’ve established Clark is like the Galapagos and no description can do her justice, I will face the challenge and attempt to share my experience of seeing St. Vincent live. Perhaps it will inspire you to do the same. If I had resumed writing sooner, I would have covered St. Vincent Fear The Future at The Palladium in January, as well as I’m A Lot Like You at The Orpheum in April. Both are among the best shows I’ve experienced and similarly left me without words sufficient to describe them. Fear The Future was an innovative and bold exploration of St. Vincent’s evolution. Clark played solo, performing select songs from her earlier work, chronologically, culminating with a performance of her latest release, Masseduction, start to finish. As you journeyed through the time capsule with St. Vincent, song by song, another layer was peeled away, and you got to delve deeper. Visually, during the retrospective portion of the show, panels were removed from the stage, one by one, revealing more of St. Vincent each time. In my interpretation, an allegory for the evolution of Clark and her music. She is allowing us in further, revealing more, courageous in the face of vulnerability, powerful in Masseduction. If anyone else were doing it, the show at The Orpheum in April would have been considered a “warm up” for Coachella and festival season. However, the way Clark did it, this initial performance of I’m A Lot Like You transformed the intimate indoor venue into a boundless space, which felt even larger than a festival. The band was back this time around, along with immersive lighting and visuals. The show was thematically, sonically, and visually powerful. Then, as we traveled toward the few remaining songs, Clark spoke about love and imagining the many experiences people must have shared in the venue historically. Her badassery and strength is rooted in her humanity and heart. The show transcended space, time, and form. I was not an audience member at a concert, we were not on Earth. I was 100% sober, having a phenomenal trip. That’s when I committed to seeing St. Vincent at least once more this year. “Rattlesnake” at The Orpheum – April 11, 2018 http://rockisagirlsbestfriend.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Rattlesnake-Orpheum.m4v Prior to the cancellation of FYF Fest, and with persistent reminders that nothing else of this caliber was happening, certainly not with any frequency, I started looking into other cities where I could experience St. Vincent and the I’m A Lot Like You tour again. I love traveling and especially enjoy going to concerts in unfamiliar places, where adventure and discovery are inherent, the people and sights are new. I settled on Charlotte, North Carolina. Tickets purchased, car rented, hotel booked. After wandering downtown, exploring museums and parks, I made my way to The Fillmore in time for the VIP Q&A. What was it like? Clark entered the room, proclaiming her outfit “Unabomber Chic” and sang a couple songs, acoustic. No lights, set, band, visuals, nor elaborate wardrobe, and still able to transport us from the physical world we know to a timeless place and dreamlike state. Her voice is spectacular and mesmerizing. She’s playful and entirely present. She is genuine and generous, and without words, has a way of imparting that she is doing this for you; she sincerely cares. She doesn’t merely make you feel that way, it emanates from her core. It’s who she is. Following the songs, what was billed as a “Q&A” (for lack of a better description, I imagine) was a dynamic conversation. Clark asked us questions, and we shared stories and asked her questions. In response to any topic, Clark has a relevant and entertaining story. There are as many funny asides as there are “answers”. This is when I saw something else magnificent in Clark: she is an exceptional listener. Any time someone asked a question or shared a story, she listened well beyond the words they were speaking, absorbing the subtext, inflections, tone, and body language, and would respond to the often unspoken, but actual crux of the conversation. Her responses were similarly manifold and meaningful. While everyone was just getting to know each other in that moment, the vibe and conversation was more akin to gathering in a living room with long-time, good, friends. It offered insight into how Clark is so attune, empathetic, and able to deeply connect. Extrapolating the attentiveness with which she listens to people to how she must observe and intake the world, I got a glimpse into Clark’s creative proficiency (and potentially, her oft referenced anxiety). Equally magical to experience was Clark’s presence. We live in a world with infinite distractions, devices, and 140-character attention spans, but Clark is wholly present. That is a gift which breaks down the barrier of time. We all have access to a time machine – it’s our own presence and attentiveness in any given moment. Clark does it so skillfully, she brings everyone along for the ride. Experiencing this during the intimate conversation, illuminated how St. Vincent shows transcend space and time. After thanking us for being there and acknowledging each “thank you” in return, Clark disappeared to get ready for the show, and the rest of us continued the conversation. The doors opened and the venue filled quickly. People traveled from around the country to be there. I don’t recall meeting one person who was from Charlotte, North Carolina. The energy shifted from quiet evening at home with friends to anticipation of the biggest party of the year. The forthcoming show would be spectacular, not taken for granted, but a given – it’s St. Vincent. Throughout the evolution, Clark’s commitment to quality remains constant. The house lights dimmed, the band took the stage, and St. Vincent took us on another journey, kicking off, full force, with “Sugarboy”. I am not one of those people who “forgets to eat”, but I could watch Clark play guitar for days on end and imagine I would forget to eat. It is captivating. The earlier conversation among friends was now amplified on stage: Clark is someone who cares deeply about humanity, putting forth the best, and who doesn’t simply “deliver”, but magnetically invites and transports you to a spectacular, limitless place. The band is outstanding, the show is magnificent, Clark’s voice and performance impeccable, you get lost in the way she commands the guitar. There’s silence, followed by an uproar of cheers when she hits the high notes in “Young Lover.” There was no doubt she would do it, but people created the space to absorb and then celebrate each moment. Even though I know how the song goes, I always forget how hard “Huey Newton” hits. That’s by design and it works every time. The same holds true for “Digital Witness”, “Masseduction”, “Marrow” and each song in the setlist. All the times I’ve heard these songs and seen them performed live, and they feel new and astonishing with each performance. It feels personal. You can be surrounded by hundreds or tens of thousands of people, and feel as though Clark is performing specifically, and solely, for you. A friend of mine, who saw St. Vincent in Manchester in 2014 told me of his experience, “I think she felt the joy I was receiving from the show, so she kept giving me more.” If you read Tweets or Instagram posts following St. Vincent shows, you will see similar sentiments echoed: “she winked at me,” “she smiled at me”, “she played to me”. . . During the gathering-of-friends conversation earlier in the night, I asked if she now knows what to do should she encounter a rattlesnake in the wild. There was laughter and some suggestions from people in the room. But St. Vincent’s answer to the question came hours later, when she performed “Rattlesnake”. She stepped forward, acknowledged me with a playful and daring look, and then dropped to her knees and responded: The more present you are, the more immersed you become, the harder you go, the harder she goes. Presence makes the concept of time vanish and communion eliminates the physical space. You are transported, transfixed, and transformed. What came through most strongly to me is that Clark desires that everyone is well and happy, living their best life. And if she can contribute to that creatively, it’s what she wants to do – it’s what she’s here to do. Between songs, she acknowledges and responds to each shouted “I love you,” just as she shared in the moments of gratitude with us during the earlier conversation. The show concludes, and you walk away with that reflection of gratitude, strength, vulnerability, community, support, energy, badassness, happiness, and love. I’m A Lot Like You. Go. And perhaps take a trip to The Galapagos one day. I’m off to figure out where I’m going to see St. Vincent next. Sugarboy at The Orpheum, April 11, 2018: http://rockisagirlsbestfriend.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Sugar-Boy-Orpheum.m4v Severed Crossed Fingers at The Fillmore, NC. May 21, 2018: This entry was posted in Artists, Palladium, St. Vincent, The Orpheum and tagged Annie Clark, live music, music, St. Vincent. About Rock Is A Girl's Best Friend Writer, traveler, diver, explorer, music lover. View all posts by Rock Is A Girl's Best Friend → « The Watkins Family Hour at Largo: Who Says Los Angeles Doesn’t Have Seasons? The Many Expressions of St. Vincent (2018 edition) »

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New tracks by Thom Yorke, Burial, and Four Tet The song is called “Ego” and is the A-side of a limited edition (300 copies) 12″. Listen and let me know what you think: Here is “Mirror”, the other side of the record. (many thanks to “InkyBrown” for sending Mirror) This entry was posted in Radiohead and tagged Burial, Ego, Four Tet, Mirror, Radiohead, Rinse FM, Text Records, Thom Yorke. The Evolution of Radiohead “Lotus Flower” Radiohead: The King of Limbs All day today I was under the impression that it was Saturday. A text message from a friend confirming our dinner plans tonight was my first indication that today was indeed Sunday. Another friend reminded me that next weekend is the Academy Awards. The sum total of what this means to me is that February is over already. I feel like I’m in some parallel universe, where the relationship with time is much more dynamic, much less linear. As I play around in this sphere, the question that often arises is “what happened?” Not because I’m concerned, but because I like it here. In the midst of this, my phone rang. “How are you?” the familiar voice on the other end asked. “I’m listening to Radiohead,” I replied. And that’s the answer. That’s what happened. Radiohead’s latest album The King of Limbs came out Friday, following an announcement just a few days prior that the album would be available for download on Saturday. I’m on Radiohead time. I’m not going to write about the album because I like people to have the space to form their own opinions about music and because I don’t want to limit it with something as concrete as words. Listen to it a few times. Get lost in it. Or run away from it. Whatever it moves you to do – move and do it. Which leads us to the video for “Lotus Flower” that was released Friday morning (US time), just prior to the album becoming available. The video racked up a substantial number of “plays” and accolades early in the day. My first thought was, “wow… look how Lotus Flower has evolved.” I was thinking back to October 2, 2009, the first time Lotus Flower was played live for an audience. Thom debuted the song during a “secret show” to unveil his new band, “??????“. ?????? soon became known as “The Thom Yorke band,” and by “known” I mean: people didn’t have the attention span to say “question mark question mark question mark question mark question mark question mark” and needed something more tangible. On March 1, 2010, Thom Yorke declared ?????? had been named “Atoms For Peace.” As time is dynamic, so is Thom Yorke, Radiohead, and the music they compose. Even the older albums feel to me like they evolve upon each new listen. I managed to capture quite a lot of video during that first show, in October 2009, much to the dismay of some self-declared “traditional journalists” who felt they’d been scooped “by some bloggers.” That’s the challenge isn’t it? They’re behind. We’re living in different times now, to the rhythm of instant gratification. The real, immediate, news is reported on Twitter, the “Nightly News” is simply a recap of the history of that day. So here’s the “Nightly News” video recap of “Lotus Flower” – the first single off The King of Limbs: “Lotus Flower” performed for the first time, at The Echoplex, October 2, 2009: [Video playlist] ?????? Live at The Echoplex Official “Lotus Flower” Video, released February 18, 2011: Radiohead “Lotus Flower”/Beyonce “Single Ladies” Thom Yorke dance mash-up: “Lotus Flower Rick Roll”: (“Lotus Flower live at The Echoplex” video courtesy http://www.youtube.com/user/starfiterpilot) This entry was posted in Fox Theater Oakland, Radiohead, The Echoplex, The Orpheum and tagged Beyonce, Lotus Flower, Radiohead, Rick Astley, Rick Roll, The King of Limbs, Thom Yorke. Free Download of Radiohead For Haiti Benefit Concert Henry Fonda Theater Los Angeles Radiohead for Haiti Web In Front has posted a podcast of Radiohead’s recent Haiti benefit concert. You can either stream or download it here. In the spirit of the event, Web In Front has also listed several places you can donate money to provide further relief to Haiti. Radiohead’s benefit concert in Los Angeles on January 24th raised $572,754 for Oxfam’s Haiti Relief Fund. Download the concert now Set list, HD videos, and review of the show are posted here: http://rockisagirlsbestfriend.com/2010/01/25/radiohead-for-haiti-at-the-henry-fonda/ This entry was posted in Benefit, Henry Fonda Theater, Radiohead and tagged Benefit, Colin Greenwood, Download, Ed O'Brien, Haiti, Henry Fonda Theater, Jonny Greenwood, Oxfam, Phil Selway, Radiohead, Thom Yorke. Thom Yorke, Supergrass/The Hot Rats, Nigel Godrich, and Maroon 5 Haiti Benefit Concert Haitian Relief Benefit Thom Yorke after a solid DJ set There are many things I love about LA. One of them the weather (although a traffic nightmare this week), the ability to surf and then ski all in the same day, and last-minute benefit concerts featuring Thom Yorke, Nigel Godrich, Gaz Coombes & Danny Goffey (Supergrass and The Hot Rats). Yes, Maroon 5 was there too, as were a slew of celebrities. The reason for this impromptu gathering of creative sound purveyors was to raise money to provide additional relief to Haiti. The night offered the utmost gratifying experience as we simultaneously danced and generated funds for the poorest country in the Western hemisphere. Maroon 5 played in the front room (aka the hotel lobby converted into a private space), while Yorke, Godrich, Coombes, and Goffey spun tunes in the bar. The DJ sets were a diverse blend of soulful classics, dubstep, hip hop, and hard hitting dance tracks. I spent the entire evening in the back room (aka Teddy’s) dancing, while overhearing occasional reports from the front room. Two tips for next time, and then off to bed: 1. Thom Yorke is not a wedding DJ. Don’t go up and request songs – he knows music (dare I say) better than you 2. If you can’t find the bar, it’s time to stop drinking. Yes, toward the end of the night a woman actually walked up to the DJ booth, cash in hand, to order a drink. She was very disappointed to see her “bartender” replaced by Thom Yorke. Only in Hollywood… Many thanks to everybody who made the night what it was and for your contributions to providing relief in Haiti. Danny Goffey This entry was posted in Benefit, Radiohead and tagged Adam Levine, Danny Goffey, Gaz Coombes, Hollywood Roosevelt, Maroon 5, Nigel Godrich, Radiohead, Roosevelt Hotel, Supergras, The Hot Rats, Thom Yorke. Thom Yorke at The Echoplex: “Kind Of A Rehearsal” The Echoplex, Los Angeles Tweet of the day: “Secured tix to the semi-secret Thom Yorke and friends show tonight. This is why I live in LA…they don’t do this shit in Kansas” (@brandonyano). Thom Yorke and Flea At 8:28pm Monday night, September 28, The Scenestar broke the news that Radiohead front man Thom Yorke had put together a new band and would be playing at The Orpheum in Los Angeles on October 4th and 5th. Actually, let me rephrase – Yorke broke the news on Dead Airspace (although many of us heard about it first from The Scenestar), stating: “in the past couple of weeks I’ve been getting a band together for fun to play the Eraser stuff live and the new songs etc.. to see if it could work! At the beginning of October the 4th and 5th we are going to do a couple of shows at the Orpheum Theatre in Los Angeles. We don’t really have a name and the set will not be very long cuz ..well …we haven’t got that much material yet!” Thom Yorke singing a new song Tickets for the October 4 and 5 shows went on sale Tuesday morning (September 29) at 10:00am and, as expected, sold out in minutes. Then, on Thursday morning (October 1), The LA Weekly posted a story surrounding a possible Thom Yorke and friends “secret show” at The Echoplex on Friday, October 2nd. Bloggers and fans speculated until Yorke posted another update on Dead Airspace late Thursday, confirming this additional, intimate show. Yorke’s post included a faulty link to purchase tickets, an announcement that tickets would go on sale at 8:15pm Thursday night, and the disclaimer, “I’ll believe it when I see it.” That post has since been edited, because Yorke’s suspicions proved true and tickets did not go on sale at 8:15pm Thursday night. (Yorke also included a working link to buy tickets in his revised post.) The band with no name Instead, tickets were sold via TicketWeb at noon on Friday. The gap between the initial announcement and the actual on-sale gave scalpers (who later attempted to sell tickets for as much as $3,500 on eBay) enough time to ready their troops. Unfortunately, it seems TicketWeb may not have had enough time to ready their servers. Just minutes after the clock struck 12, there were hundreds of Tweets complaining of TicketWeb crashes and claiming “TicketWeb Fail”. I know it’s frustrating, but to be fair, some major ticketing sites (including Ticketmaster and Live Nation) have been reported to crash during high-profile on-sales. Furthermore, in this case, we’re talking about one of the largest artists in the world, playing at a very small venue (approx. 700 capacity). If the system did indeed crash, it should come as little to no surprise. As it happened, I was stuck in the “processing” queue for 12 minutes before the “sold out” message appeared. Kind of a rehearsal For the lucky friends and fans of the band who got in, well. . . we were lucky. Prior to the show I heard several audience members discussing the “little miracles” that allowed them to be there. Indeed, it felt miraculous to be introduced to new material and the formation of a new band led by Yorke, in such close proximity to the stage. This show was billed as a “warm-up,” as Yorke put it, “kind of a rehearsal.” Well, I always imagined Yorke held himself to extraordinarily high standards, but if that show was a rehearsal, then a “rehearsal” has made its way into my top concerts of all time. The band is comprised of exceptional musical talents: Thom Yorke (of course), Joey Waronker, Nigel Godrich, Flea , and Mauro Refosco. To kick off the show, the as of yet unnamed band played Yorke’s solo album, Eraser, start to finish. Yorke also debuted some brand new songs, solo, during one of two encores. He then invited the band back to join in on the remaining three songs. Yorke gives the bird to requests for "Freebird" If you were fortunate enough to find a place toward the front of the venue (under the high ceiling), you were treated to great sound, enjoyed watching Yorke lose himself in dance (although, you likely couldn’t miss that, regardless of where you stood), and watched closely as Yorke masterfully created and replicated the magnificent sound he’s known for. The intimacy of the venue was further appreciated as Yorke joked, interacted with, and flipped off the audience. Yorke didn’t flip off everyone, just the handful of people who were requesting “Freebird!” between songs. Surprised people still do that? Well, so was Yorke, “Shouldn’t you be calling out Stone Temple Pilots or something more current? Freebird is so 80’s!” Thankfully, ignoring the audience (after showing them how he felt about the “Freebird” requests by giving them the bird), Yorke kicked in to more of his own songs. “That sounded great!” yelled a fan, following the next song. “Thank you,” Yorke replied with a smile, “it’s my job.” Then, with another smile (bordering on a smirk), Yorke added, “sometimes I get paid for it.” And therein lies another small miracle of this show, tickets were only $20 each. Thank you, Thom and the unnamed band. Seeing as that was the rehearsal, I think you’re ready for the shows on Sunday and Monday. Videos from the show: New Song “Skirting On The Surface”: New Song “Open The Floodgates”: Next time, dance like you mean it, Thom 😉 Since it was a special show, here’s the set list (via At Ease). 01 The Eraser 02 Analyse 03 The Clock 04 Black Swan 05 Skip Divided 06 Atoms for Peace 07 And It Rained All Night 08 Harrowdown Hill 09 Cymbal Rush Encore one [Thom solo]: 10 Open the Floodgates 11 Lotus Flower 12 Skirting on the Surface 13 Judge, Jury, Executioner Encore two [full band]: 14 Paperbag Writer 15 The Hollow Earth 16 Feeling Pulled Apart by Horses This entry was posted in Radiohead, The Echoplex and tagged Flea, Joey Waronker, LA Weekly, Mauro Refosco, Nigel Godrich, Radiohead, The Echoplex, The Scenestar, Thom Yorke, TicketWeb. I Have A Confession. . . I’ve seen a few shows since and scattered in between the final Nine Inch Nails concerts. The reason I haven’t written about these shows is that they pale in comparison to the NIN experiences of the past week. The musicians I’ve seen are all very talented – exceptionally talented – and they deserve more than an uninspired review from me. NIN Wave Goodbye at The Wiltern In some ways NIN has f*cked up music by being so good. If you don’t think so, spend some time with their albums. The songs are layered, large, intense, spacious, melodic, unpredictable, calming, and frenetic. They are true compositions. The stories and lyrics are timeless, allowing the meaning of the songs to evolve as we do. That’s why songs written 20 years ago maintain the impact they would have if they were written today. Making music of this magnitude allows the band to launch innovative extensions of the songs – full-blown characters and story-lines, a potential TV series, DRM-free video files for infinite fan-created remixes. It also allows them to refrain from lyrics altogether and to release strictly instrumental compositions and projects such as Ghosts. So, when I walked into a store this weekend and they were playing some diluted pop-hip-hop “song” I had to leave. I don’t know what song it was – I didn’t recognize it and I certainly wasn’t going to hang out in the store to find out. I actually found the “music” insulting. It was manufactured, meaningless, and lacking soul. Summer camp songs have more depth than some of the stuff that’s currently on the radio. Perhaps part of the reason people aren’t buying music the way they used to is because much of it just isn’t that good. It was crafted quickly and in a formulaic fashion to be a “radio hit”. It lacks depth and therefore timeless endurance. Which means people are paying for songs that they may like for a couple months to a year, until they themselves outgrow it or it gets overplayed on the radio. What makes it even harder to sell music like that is that some of the best bands of our time – Radiohead and Nine Inch Nails – give their music away for free. Why pay for crap when you can get the good stuff for free? By the way, I think Radiohead and NIN are genius for doing this. Last night the VMAs were on. I didn’t watch them. I didn’t have to. Every trending topic on Twitter was VMA-related. Friends, colleagues, and musicians were updating their Facebook status with commentary about the VMAs. And what I learned from reading enough sub-140 character descriptions of the show is that I didn’t miss a thing. The people who were ranting about the show for hours, they’re the ones who missed something. . . Taking it a step further – hopefully you’ve seen Nine Inch Nails live. They’re now taking an indefinite break from touring and while it’s understandable and admirable, it still feels like a loss. The band will continue to make music in some form together and as individuals with other bands, but for the foreseeable future they will not be touring together. Trent addressing somebody in the audience I think what makes them so good is that they’re so real. While there may be light shows and spectacle, the authenticity of each moment is felt by the audience. I’m not sure the crowd even feels like an “audience” – from my perspective, the audience is hugely participatory in creating the experience of Nine Inch Nails shows. This is one example of a consistent energy exchange between musician on stage and fan in the crowd that is felt by all. The set list changes dramatically every night. New songs may be added, without the ideal rehearsal time, keeping the band on their toes so the performances don’t feel like performances. It actually feels like the band is playing the songs and it’s the first time you’re seeing them live (even if you’ve seen them dozens of times). Trent is also a perfectionist – more for the fans than for himself. If a song isn’t going off right on stage, if there are technical difficulties, if he isn’t authentically feeling his performance in that moment, he’ll bag it. Additionally, NIN has a tendency to make even bad-sounding venues sound good. While the audio quality on some of the live videos I shot isn’t good (due to the technical limitations of the equipment I was using), in-person, at every show, Nine Inch Nails delivers impeccable sound. It’s one of the few concerts I’ve never had to wear earplugs to. And that says a lot when you consider how loud and “noisy” some may consider their music to be. But that goes back to the composition – it’s not really “noisy” – it’s layer upon layer of sound. And Trent wants you to hear all of that, so they present it live with the perfect mix. . . every time. Nine Inch Nails at Santa Barbara Bowl, NIN/JA Tour They are so exceptional live that even seeing another “great band” just doesn’t hold up. I remember seeing NIN at the Santa Barbara Bowl during this Summer’s NIN/JA tour. The first thing that struck me about that show is that they were playing outside, during the daylight. What, no lights? So many people look forward to NIN’s light shows and seem to feel they’re integral to the whole experience. And yet, when you see them without all that spectacle, you’re reminded of their sheer talent. They don’t need lights or visual effects. All they need to do is play. Nine Inch Nails was “opening” (although, it was billed as “co-headlining”) for Jane’s Addiction. Now, Jane’s Addiction is a really good band. I’ve seen several great Jane’s concerts during the past decade. There are some amazing musicians in that band – Stephen Perkins and Dave Navarro are some of my favorites. Perry Farrell is a wonderful performer. He’s dynamic, energetic, dramatic – a true showman, an amazing front-man. And yet, when Nine Inch Nails finished their opening set, I looked at my friends and said, “I love Jane’s Addiction, but we may need to leave. I don’t know how they’re going to come anywhere close to that!” In the end, we stayed throughout Jane’s set and we had a good time. They were fun. They sounded great. But Nine Inch Nails. . . One show I did go see this past week was the closing show of the season at The Hollywood Bowl – Seu Jorge and Bebel Gilberto, with the LA Philharmonic. That was nice. It’s outdoors, at one of my favorite venues, and it’s enough of a departure from what I usually see that there was no potential for comparison. I did briefly contemplate the idea of Trent playing Ghosts (perhaps all 4 current volumes, or the new ones that are due to come out) with the LA Philharmonic at some point. Then the fireworks began and brought me back to the present moment. This entry was posted in Hollywood Bowl, NIN, Radiohead, Santa Barbara Bowl and tagged Bebel Gilberto, Hollywood Bowl, LA Philharmonic, music, Nine Inch Nails, Nine Inch Nails Live, Radiohead, Santa Barbara Bowl, Seu Jorge, Video Music Awards, VMAs.

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we have been serving the community since 1973 Originally called the ‘Carey Place Young People’s Information and Advisory Service’, Signpost emerged in 1970 when Dr Edwards, a local GP and juvenile magistrate, decided to help the large number of young people displaying mental health symptoms caused by boredom and dissatisfaction with home, school, work and life in general. He worked with the Senior Youth & Community Officer to establish a bureau which would offer both information and counselling to young people. A Management Committee was formed comprising representatives from the many voluntary and statutory services already operating in Watford, including the Police, Social Services, Probation, Careers Service, Education, Samaritans, Citizens Advice Bureau, Magistrates Bench and Youth Service. The first training course, introducing the rudiments of counselling skills and how referral agencies worked, was run and 15 volunteers were recruited to deliver the service on three evenings each week. Youth & Community Services offered accommodation and a part time youth worker and on January 16th 1973 Carey Place was opened. Since then we have worked in a number of locations, including Youth Connexions building in Lower High Street and sharing the Herts Young Homeless offices at the Parade, both in central Watford. Since Autumn 2010, we have been based in the Watford Advice Centre. With the growing role of Youth Connexions in providing advice and information to young people, Signpost has increasingly specialised as a counselling provider. Since 2009 we have met the gap in youth counselling delivery in Hertsmere and have operated out of Youth Connexions One-stop-shop in Borehamwood, Number 10 Leeming Road, the Worknet Building on the main road and have finally rested at the Borehamwood and Elstree Children’s Centre. Our commitment to continuing to expand and to spread the reach of our work is demonstrated by the establishment of satellites in Rickmansworth/Maple Cross and South Oxhey. Signpost was also a founding member of Cross Herts Community Counselling (CHeCC), a consortium of voluntary sector organisations delivering youth counselling in Hertfordshire, which works to provide consistent high-quality youth counselling across the County. On 1st April 2014 we formally merged with Urban Access, our sister agency in Dacorum and so now also deliver youth counselling from bases in Hemel Hempstead, Berkhamsted and Tring.

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Quetta Gladiators sign title sponsorship deal with Jubilee Life Labels: Javed Ahmed, Jubilee Life Insurance, Moin Khan, Nadeem Omar, Omar Associates, Pakistan News and Features Services, Pakistan Super League, PNFS, PSL, Quetta Gladiators (Pakistan News & Features Services) Quetta Gladiators, a Pakistan Super League (PSL) franchise, has signed title sponsorship deal with a leading private insurance firm for the second edition of the tournament starting in less than a couple of weeks time. The signing ceremony between the two parties was witnessed by capacity crowd in the hall of Movenpick Hotel, Karachi, where it was held on January 30. The top management of the PSL franchise alongwith some of their players and coach Moin Khan, who is also a former Pakistan captain. The Quetta Gladiators skipper, Sarfraz Ahmed, who is also the Pakistan T20 skipper and tipped to become the leader in all three formats in not too distant future, however, was unable to make it due to personal reasons. Nadeem Omar, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Omar Associates (Pvt) Ltd, which owns Quetta Gladiators, was particularly pleased at signing the title sponsorship deal with Jubilee Life Insurance. “Jubilee Life is a dynamic young corporate entity which takes pride in long term relationships. Our successive meetings with them over the past few weeks to finalize the matters reflected their positive approach,” he noted. “Our squad has a lot of young faces who make up for their inexperience with their aggression and high level of commitment. We may have entered the inaugural PSL as the underdogs but our boys excelled in the field to storm into the final. Now our aim will be to bring home the trophy,” Nadeem Omar remarked. He paid glowing tributes to Moin Khan, the coach of Quetta Gladiators, for having put the acts together so nicely, also acknowledging the services of Azam Khan, the manager besides complimenting Sarfraz Ahmed for leading by example. Javed Ahmed, Managing Director, Jubilee Life Insurance, lavished Quetta Gladiators for emerging as a popular brand right away with their brilliant craftsmanship. “Your team has worked wonders in a short span of time and we appreciate your brilliance. We look forward to working with you for a long time to achieve our mutual objective of putting Pakistan cricket on top of the world,” he observed. The ceremony was also attended by the President of the Karachi City Cricket Association (KCCA), Prof Ejaz Ahmed Farooqui, and the Chairman of the Pakistan Veterans Cricket Association (PVCA), Fawad Ijaz Khan. Quetta Gladiators sign title sponsorship deal with...

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Here’s why people are protesting against that huge telescope at Mauna Kea July 19, 2019 by admin 0 Comments Hundreds of protesters gathered at the base of a mountain in Hawaii on Monday to block the construction of a billion-dollar telescope on its peak. To Native Hawaiians, Mauna Kea is a sacred place. To astronomers, it is one of the best places on earth to observe space. Hawaiian elders, known as kupuna, sat in the road in chairs while eight others shackled themselves to a metal grate in the road, according to the AP. Between 300 and 500 protesters stood where the Mauna Kea Access Road begins. “We do not want this [telescope] on this mountain,” Walter Ritte, one of the activists who had chained himself to the grate, told Hawaii News Now. “This mountain represents more than just their building they want to build. This mountain represents the last thing they want to take that we will not give them.” Construction on the US$1.4-billion Thirty Meter Telescope, which the AP reports is expected to rise 18 stories tall, was set to begin Monday according to Hawaii’s governor, David Ige. The announcement came after years of deliberation and protest. In 2009, Mauna Kea was chosen as the place for the TMT, named for the diameter of its mirror, because of its elevation and clear skies. The telescope will be 18 stories tall and will provide astronomers an opportunity to better observe planets and stars forming, galaxies and black holes. Peaceful protests began during a groundbreaking ceremony in 2014. In 2015, they prevented construction from beginning. The Hawaii Supreme Court later affirmed a decision by the State Board of Land and Natural Resources to grant a building permit. And then in June 2019, the agency allowed the TMT to move further into construction, according to the TMT International Observatory. Almost immediately after Hawaii became the 50th state in 1959, American scientists decided the summit of Mauna Kea was one of the best places on Earth to observe space. The mountain “is a deeply sacred place that is revered in Hawaiian traditions,” according to the Office of Hawaiian Affairs. “It’s regarded as a shrine for worship, as a home to the gods.” Newly owned by the state’s Department of Land and Natural Resources, Mauna Kea was leased to the University of Hawaii and other groups for the construction of observatories. Before the TMT, the mountain peak was already home to 13 other telescopes. “We’re losing all of the things that we’re responsible for as Hawaiians,” Ritte told Hawaii News Now. “We’re responsible for our oceans, we’re responsible for our land, we’re responsible for our future generations.” The University of Hawaii, which holds a lease for the land the telescopes are built on, said they want to engage a multitude of perspectives in the stewardship of the mountain going forward. “We’re trying to have as many conversations as possible with as many different stakeholders as possible,” UH spokesperson Daniel Meisenzahl said. Mailani Neal, a PhD student at New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, became interested in astronomy while she was learning about Hawaiian oceanic navigation and the traditional use of the stars as a child. She has supported the construction of the TMT since she was in high school. “I’m very proud to identify myself as a Native Hawaiian,” Neal said. “At the same time, I’m also a scientist, I’m an astronomer and I believe that these two aspects of me can coexist. And I believe that astronomy and the culture can coexist on Mauna Kea.” No arrests were made on Monday, and those who had chained themselves to the grate were allowed to leave voluntarily, according to Hawaiian authorities. (Since then, some arrests have taken place, which you can read about here.) After Monday’s protests, Ige wrote on Facebook that the day had ended peacefully and he was committed to keeping everyone safe. “To that end, a strong line of communication and respect between law enforcement and the protest leaders has been established,” the statement said. TMT spokesperson Scott Ishikawa said he could not comment about starting construction because of safety and security reasons. “We hope the protests remain peaceful and lawful as work begins,” Ishikawa said. On conference call, Jason Redulla, Chief, Division of Conservation and Resources Enforcement Unit at the Department of Land and Natural Resources, said on Tuesday there appeared to be fewer protesters but still “several hundred”. In case the site does not in fact work out, TMT has a backup plan to build the telescope in La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain. 2019 © The Washington Post This article was originally published by The Washington Post.

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WHO ARE THE AHMADI MUSLIMS? Muslims for Peace For more than one hundred years the Ahmadiyya Muslim community has been leading a peaceful revival of Islam. From the time it was founded in India in 1889 it has enjoyed an unrivalled record for peace and for its efforts to build cohesive societies. We are committed to helping others, engaging local communities and working for the common good. On this we have a long history of raising hundreds of thousands of pounds for charities. Reviving True Islamic Values We believe that Islam, which was established over 1,400 years ago by the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), is a universal religion of peace, with a simple but perfect message for mankind to develop and maintain a living relationship with a living God and to live in perfect harmony with all. This message was revived by the founder of our community, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (peace be upon him) and we are the only community of Muslims to have accepted him as the Promised Messiah and Mahdi who was prophesied for this age. From the outset he repeatedly emphasised the need for us to be mindful of our duty to God and His creation and to reflect our commitment to peace in our daily lives. He rejected the concept of a violent jihad, reminded us of the equality of mankind and of our duty to care for the needy. He also underlined the need to respect all religions, to abide by the law of the land and to be loyal to the government of the country in which we live. With this desire to promote peace this community has since flourished and is now a dynamic global movement established in more than 204 countries. One Community, One Leader Since the founder’s demise in 1908 we have been led by a series of Caliphs or spiritual leaders, the present being His Holiness Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad; this form of global leadership is another distinctive feature of this community. He continues to relay the message of peace to the corners of the earth, a message that has been reflected in action by the community through humanitarian efforts by men, women and the youth of the community. In fact the members of the community willingly give time and money for relief work even in the remote parts of the globe, to help those in need regardless of creed or colour. Our mosques remain open for all, to help breakdown barriers and build trust, integration and cohesion by enabling a better understanding of Islamic beliefs and their role in modern life. We organise regular peace symposiums and run a free to view satellite channel MTA International (available on Sky 787) dedicated to spreading harmony among and between all people regardless of faith and background, further underlining our openness as a community that promotes integration based on mutual respect. We are not funded by any country, government or organisation. It is our belief that to do good works requires us to make sacrifices of time and money and that is why the Ahmadiyya Muslim community is entirely self-funding. Members donate willingly to support the work of the community as well as a to a whole host of charitable and humanitarian activities that we carry out – almost all of which are run by volunteers. In essence “Love for All, Hatred for None” is the unique banner upheld by the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community and a message that we believe is the basis for lasting peace. Further information about our community is available at our global website alislam.org and at loveforallhatredfornone.org The Promised Messiah, Founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community The mission for which I have been appointed is to remove that growing gap in the relationship between God and His creation and replace it once again with the relationship of love and sincerity; and by allowing the truth to manifest itself... Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Brochure regarding the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community.

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Trevor Pinch book traverses tech, sociology, sound Share this story on Facebook Share this story on Twitter By: Linda B. Glaser, AS Communications Few scholars find themselves involved in the birth of a new field. Trevor Pinch has helped advance three new areas of study: science and technology studies, the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT) and sound studies. Pinch, the Goldwin Smith Professor of Science Technology Studies and professor of sociology, reflects on the origins of these fields and shares insights in a new book based on interviews with him, “Entanglements: Conversations on the Human Traces of Science, Technology, and Sound” by Simone Tosoni. Pinch says he’s been “lucky” to move through different areas in his academic career, but his enthusiasm for new ideas and ability to think outside the box has clearly played a role. His seminal 1984 article, “The Social Construction of Facts and Artefacts: Or How the Sociology of Science and the Sociology of Technology Might Benefit Each Other,” co-authored with Wiebe E. Bijker, led to SCOT, an entirely new approach to understanding technology. “Most approaches in the sociology of technology at the time looked at the impact of technology on society,” Pinch said. “SCOT looks the other way: how can society impact technology? How do assumptions about society get embedded within technology?” The article used the example of the high-wheeled “ordinary” bicycle, featured on the cover of “Entanglements.” The dangerously high vehicle was a “macho” bike, Pinch said. “Other social groups couldn’t use it because it was so unsafe,” he said. “Also, Victorian norms of fashion prevented women from riding it. The bike’s speedy change into the ‘safety bicycle’ was an example of society shaping the way technology is.” The article remains the most highly cited of Pinch’s papers. It led to an influential book, “The Social Construction of Technological Systems: New Directions in the Sociology and History of Technology,” that sold more than any other edited volume from MIT Press. “The story of the bike has become like a parable and is used a lot in teaching,” Pinch said. “We’re living in a scientific, technologically dense world, and people are looking to understand what’s going on and the perspective of the sociologist of technology really can add something.” Pinch is a natural storyteller, and readers get to know important figures in the field of science and technology studies through the fond lens of his memories. An example is Pinch’s tales of Bruno Latour, now an A.D. White Professor-at-Large. “He has become one of the most famous academics in the whole of social science, never mind STS,” Pinch said. “But he used to sleep on my couch in Bath [England].” The cutting edge of a discipline continues to be where Pinch seems most comfortable. He’s spending his sabbatical this semester at Cornell Tech, where he’s found a home with the Connective Media hub. Founded by Mor Naaman, associate professor of Information Science at the Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute, the research group focuses on social technologies and the role of new media. In addition to working on his new book about sound, “The Sonic Imaginary,” Pinch is collaborating with Serge Belongie, a professor at Cornell Tech and in the Department of Computer Science, on “deep learning” research, trying to teach a computer to learn to recognize musical instruments. Pinch said, “it’s a hard project but it’s fun.” And just one more new frontier for Pinch. This article also appeared in the Cornell Chronicle. S&TS new Spring 2020 course offerings Bruce Lewenstein is the recipient of the 2019 Outstanding Faculty Member Christine Leuenberger comments in BBC News Mundo about borders and walls Rebecca Slayton comments regarding cyber security and India

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5:36 a.m. Mon, Jan. 20th CVC Audit Black Experience Haute Shots Body fat levels linked to breast cancer risk in post-menopausal women CNN/Stylemagazine.com Newswire | 12/6/2018, 12:21 p.m. A new study says older women with excess body fat, even if they have a normal body-mass index, could be at a greater risk for breast cancer. By Naomi Thomas, CNN (CNN) -- Older women with excess body fat, even if they have what's considered a normal body-mass index, could be at greater risk for breast cancer, according to a study published Thursday in the medical journal JAMA Oncology. "We do find that excess body fat in those who are post-menopausal with a normal body mass index is associated with about a doubling in the risk of estrogen-dependent breast cancer," said Dr. Andrew Dannenberg, one of the study's authors and director of cancer prevention at the Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine. The American Cancer Society says estrogen-dependent cancers, called ER-positive breast cancer in the study, occur when the receptor proteins in or on cells attach to the hormone estrogen and rely on it to grow. The researchers studied 3,460 American women between the ages of 50 and 79 who had gone through menopause. The women were part of the Women's Health Initiative and had their body composition measured at the beginning of that program, Dannenberg said. Of those women, 146 developed ER-positive breast cancer, and the researchers looked for a relationship between excess body fat and the development of this cancer. They found that a 5-kilogram (11-pound) increase in whole-body fat mass was associated with a 35% increased risk of this kind of breast cancer. A 5-kilogram increase in fat mass of the trunk was associated with a 56% increase in risk. Trunk fat is "defined by the fat contained in the torso apart from head and limbs," according to the study. The study also found that for invasive breast cancer, which has spread into the surrounding breast tissue, a 5-kilogram increase in whole-body fat mass was related to a 28% risk increase. The same increase in trunk fat was tied to a 46% increase in the risk of invasive breast cancer. "The main takeaway is that having excess body fat, even when you have a normal body mass index, is associated with an increased risk for breast cancer," Dannenberg said. A person's BMI is calculated through a formula involving their height and weight; a "normal" BMI is considered to be between 18.5 and 24.9, according to the study. The researchers also looked at blood data taken at the start of the Women's Health Initiative for other factors that are known to play a part in the development of breast cancer, such as elevation of insulin molecules. The results "highlight the importance of research differentiating the contributions of body size, body composition, and metabolic profiles to breast cancer risk," Drs. Isabel Pimentel, Ana Elisa Lohmann and Pamela J. Goodwin wrote in an editorial published alongside the study. The editorial authors also point out that other researchers have looked into the subject with differing results and note that "these observations suggest that components of metabolic health, rather than the presence of full metabolic syndrome, may contribute to breast cancer risk." A particular strength of the research for Hoda Anton-Culver, distinguished professor in the Department of Medicine at the University of California, Irvine, was the analysis of the location on the body of the fat levels. "I think it's a good step forward that takes us from looking at the BMI as an indicator of obesity to really looking at the particular site of the fat concentration in the body," said Anton-Culver, who was not involved in the research. Scientists have known that there was an association between obesity and cancer, but Anton-Culver says the new study moves the research beyond that general association. "They say it correctly in the summary, that obesity is associated with breast cancer, but more specifically, obesity around the abdomen is more specific for that association," she said. Although Anton-Culver thinks the research is strong, she pointed out that it looked only at a specific cancer. "I don't know if we look at the same issues with other cancers as the outcome, what it's going to be, is it specific to breast cancer?" she said. "We need to ask that question next, because obesity is a risk factor for other cancers." Pivotal VA Study Finds Intra-Abdominal Fat Predicts Survival in Pancreatic Cancer High Body Fat, Not BMI, Linked With Higher Death Rate, Study Finds Obesity Warps the Shape & Function of Young Hearts Who Is Most At Risk of Breast Cancer? JACKBOYS - GANG GANG feat. Sheck ... IN THE HEIGHTS trailer Tweets by @houstonstyle Minority Print Media, L.L.C. d.b.a. Houston Style Magazine (713) 748-6300 Main • (713) 748-6320 fax Advertising Request: advertising@stylemagazine.com Editorial Submissions: editorial@stylemagazine.com

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A free ride it wasn’t EDITORIAL 05/18/2011 A free ride it wasn’t It can’t be helped but notice the degree of urgency in Noynoy’s tour of the US aircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson where practically the whole Aquino Cabinet was present. Presidential spokesman Ricky Carandang said that the invitation to tour the carrier had been made a long time ago but it was only accepted fairly recently such as the exact moment when the US asked Noynoy and his wards to board the carrier last Friday. Carandang, however, cannot deny that the invitation was so sudden that Noynoy did not even have time to cancel the courtesy call of boxing legend Manny Pacquiao who arrived from his US bout with Shane Mosley on the same day that the tour was suddenly on the agenda for the day of Noynoy. The militants speculate that the whisking away of Noynoy to the US ship out in the high seas prior to the docking of the US battle fleet in Manila had something to do with the recent visit of US government officials at Subic Bay to explore the possibility of an interim base while a massive military installation is still being set up in Guam..... MORE Asking for more trouble FRONTLINE Ninez Cacho-Olivares 05/18/2011 Asking for more trouble If the Noynoy administration, in the last 11 months, was already chaotic and much too rent with factionalism, expect a worsening situation in Malacañang with the formal entry of losing vice presidential candidate Mar Roxas as Noynoy’s chief of staff. That will of course be denied by both warring factions in the Palace, as they have denied the power play that has been going on even before Noynoy assumed the presidency, but the reality is that Mar and his Liberal Party mates, having finally achieved power, are not about to give it up after Noynoy ends his term in 2016. What is puzzling is the fact that even as Noynoy is aware of the existence of the two warring factions, that add to the ineffectiveness of his administration, he appears to be encouraging factionalism and chaos, as he opens up a new position in his Cabinet for Mar, as his chief of staff, a position moreover that is a superfluity, since there is already an executive secretary and certainly, there is no need for a chief of staff, since this would be a duplication of functions. It has been stated by Malacañang that an administrative order (AO) creating the position of chief of staff for Mar would serve to clarify the different functions between the executive secretary and the chief of staff, but not even an AO is going to solve that kind of political problem..... MORE A ‘Tower of Babel’ entirely of books in Argentina FEATURE 05/18/2011 A ‘Tower of Babel’ entirely of books in Argentina BUENOS AIRES — Marta Minujin, Argentina’s most famous artist, is known for artwork that is both out-sized and outlandish. Her latest creation might also be described as vertigo-inducing — a spiraling, 25-meter-tall tower meant to pay homage to the written word. In the Plaza San Martin, in the heart of the Argentine capital, Minujin has erected her latest work — “The Tower of Babel” — built from 30,000 books, most of them donations from some 50 embassies. “I don’t know why we have to have different languages,” she says, adding that she sees her mission as an artist as being to “unite all people.”.... MORE Temporary home HE SAYS Aldrin Cardon 05/18/2011 Aldrin Cardon “Accidentally” eavesdropping in a conversation between two kids who happened to share my table in a coffeeshop, I learned that both have landed jobs in a call center, and they were celebrating their chance to move on from university to competitive life by raising two big plastic cups of expensive frap. Both were excited with their first job, which one of them called her “temporary home” as she has a “bigger dream” of landing a job overseas, where she said the grass is greener. The other, whom I heard is a nursing graduate, also hopes to work overseas — “hopefully in the United States,” but she has yet to take her board and the other tests required before she could qualify to serve abroad. She is also aware of the cutthroat competition among the hundreds of thousand other nurses seeking jobs elsewhere..... MORE Changing world SHE SAYS Dinah S. Ventura 05/18/2011 Changing world Dinah S. Ventura In the 1990s, call centers were unheard of and those looking for jobs, scouring the newspapers’ classified ads, would often encounter those tempting calls for “marketing executives” with initial salaries starting at P15,000. Many of those who fell for these ads soon found out that they had to go through “training” for — tada! — selling encyclopedias. With the rise of the Internet and consequent decline of those same encyclopedias came another wave of job market demand, this time in the field of Information Technology (IT). This trend was one reason IT courses became so popular among the youth, with parents very often urging their youngsters to take up the course so they could also find high-paying jobs abroad. Then came the nursing wave, with doctors already practicing deciding to study once more so they could find jobs abroad. Such has been our story as a nation — with skilled Pinoys leaving by droves to find greener pastures in other countries — for so many decades now..... MORE Syria seen stoking Golan unrest to mask crackdown ANALYSIS 05/18/2011 Syria seen stoking Golan unrest to mask crackdown DUBAI — Syria has tried to deflect attention from two months of protests threatening its autocratic regime by stoking protests that have breached its long-quiet border with Israel, analysts said. Thousands of people on Sunday rallied on Israel’s borders with Lebanon and Syria, as well as in the Gaza Strip and West Bank to mark the anniversary of the Jewish state’s creation in 1948, known in Arabic as “Nakba” or “catastrophe.” Hundreds of protesters from Syria entered the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, prompting a volley of fire from the Israeli army that left four people dead and hundreds injured, Syria’s official SANA news agency said. It was one of the most violent incidents since Israel and Syria signed an armistice in 1974..... MORE The terrifying ordeal in Suite 2086 focus 05/18/2011 The terrifying ordeal in Suite 2086 NEW YORK — It was around midday on a lazy spring Saturday in New York. But behind the closed doors of a luxury hotel suite, a chambermaid was allegedly being brutally attacked in a horrific ordeal that would shock the world. Her ordeal may well spell the end of the stellar career of veteran French politician Dominique Strauss-Kahn, the head of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) who now faces up to 25 years behind bars if convicted. He denies the allegations. During several long, terrifying minutes, the 32-year-old maid said she was grappled and groped, had her breasts and intimate parts fondled, her panties ripped and was forced to endure as her attacker tried to push his penis into her mouth. Shocked and in terror, she finally escaped and ran panicked from the $3,000-a-night suite 2086 of the Sofitel in midtown Manhattan, telling staff and friends that she had been indecently mauled by the man inside in a degrading and frightening assault..... MORE Noy’s favored justice eyes Ombudsman post By Benjamin B. Pulta 05/18/2011 MARCELO ALLIES ALSO GUNNING FOR DEPUTY POSITION Noy’s favored justice eyes Ombudsman post Supreme Court (SC) Senior Associate Justice Conchita Carpio-Morales, who is up for retirement and widely perceived as close to President Aquino having sworn him into office instead of Chief Justice Renato Corona, expressed her interest to be the next Ombudsman. Carpio-Morales, who was handpicked by Aquino to administer his inaugural oath last year, has accepted her nomination to the Ombudsman post through a letter sent to the Judicial and Bar Council (JBC). This was confirmed yesterday by her son and chief of staff Umberto Morales. The magistrate wrote the SC ruling that would have allowed the impeachment of resigned Ombudsman Merceditas Gutierrez in the House of Representatives. Carpio-Morales was nominated to the Ombudsman post by three groups: UP Law Alumni Association, Transparency International Phils. and Women Lawyers Association of the Philippines Inc. Aquino reportedly offered the Ombudsman post to Morales in an earlier occasion they had attended with retired Chief Justice Artemio Panganiban..... MORE Miriam unfazed by Pacquiao’s stand against RH Bill By Angie M. Rosales 05/18/2011 Miriam unfazed by Pacquiao’s stand against RH Bill Sen. Miriam Defensor-Santiago remains unperturbed by the entry of boxing champion and Sarangani Rep. Manny Pacquiao’s into the public arena over the controversial Repro-ductive Health (RH) bill. Even if Pacquiao campaigns against the measure, in which the senator is known to be among the main proponents in the upper chamber, his participation will likely not have any significant bearing, she said. “I don’t think so,” Santiago said when asked if she’s threatened by the possibility of Pacquiao will be able to sway public support against the measure, adding that “this is a literate country.” “We know, we concede that he knows more about boxing than possibly anybody alive, particularly in the welterweight department, which is considered to be ‘the’ boxing title. But still, we cannot be know-it-alls. And it will be very misleading to use his celebrity status to enter into what.... MORE Filipino sailor found dead after pirates attack 05/18/2011 Filipino sailor found dead after pirates attack A Filipino sailor was found dead aboard a Marshall Island-flagged chemical tanker, four days after it was attacked by pirates off the coast of Benin in West Africa, the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) yesterday said. It added Philippine officials are monitoring investigation on the circumstances of the death of Christopher Cortez Ceprado, who was among the 18 all-Filipino crewmen of MT Sea King that was boarded by heavily armed brigands last May 7 in Cotonou. Ceprado’s remains were brought to the mortuary in Cotonou.... MORE Preparations ongoing in case volcanoes erupt By Mario J. Mallari 05/18/2011 Preparations ongoing in case volcanoes erupt Preparations for possible eruption of Mt. Bulusan and Mayon Volcano are ongoing with the National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council (NDRRMC) identifying 39 evacuation centers in the provinces of Sorsogon and Albay in case evacuation becomes necessary. Also, more than 3,000 military troops are now on alert as possible responders should eruption happens. NDRRMC executive director Undersecretary Benito Ramos noted the increase in the number of volcanic quakes recorded at Mt. Bulusan in Sorsogon by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Phivolcs) during the past days. According to Ramos, local DRRMCs in Sorsogon have already identified 18 schools and churches as possible evacuation centers while 21 in Albay..... MORE CA rules to grant search warrant on ‘death caves’ By Benjamin B. Pulta 05/18/2011 CA rules to grant search warrant on ‘death caves’ The Court of Appeals (CA) has ruled to grant an appeal by government lawyers seeking a search warrant to investigate three caves inside a compound in Davao City where victims of summary execution by the so-called “Davao Death Squad” are supposedly buried. In its 14-page decision, the appellate court found the government’s petition impressed with merit and reversed a lower court judge’s ruling stating that respondent Judge William Peralta committed “a grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction” when he terminated, “without sufficient reasons,” a valid search warrant which he himself issued..... MORE House okays proposal allowing studes with unpaid tuition to take exams By Gerry Baldo 05/18/2011 House okays proposal allowing studes with unpaid tuition to take exams Students who could not afford to pay their tuition in time for the mid-term and final examinations need not worry now that the House of Representatives has approved a proposal to impose sanctions on schools, colleges, and universities that require students to pay their tuition before taking the exams. Aurora Rep. Juan Edgardo Angara, chairman of the House committee on higher and technological education, said the House has already approved in principle the proposal to protect students from tradition of “no permit, no exam” policies in colleges and vocational schools. Angara said members of his panel are now preparing the committee report that will be submitted to the plenary for the approval for second reading. Once approved, schools will have no reason to bar a student not to take an exam on the basis of his or her non-payment of the tuition. The bill, however, provides that unpaid tuition will be charged an interest of not more than six percent per annum..... MORE Showing of violent, obscene TV programs to be regulated By Charlie V. Manalo 05/18/2011 Showing of violent, obscene TV programs to be regulated Violent and obscene scenes in television shows will soon be regulated and be allowed to air only after 10 in the evening. House Bill 3671, authored principally by Quezon City Rep. Winston Castelo to be known as “Children’s Media Protection Act,” shall establish a television violence and non-educational sexual themes rating code. “The existing laws lack the required provisions to block violent and sexually themed non-educational programming to protect the welfare of children,” Castelo said. He added the Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB) is not authorized to prescribe ratings for violence and non-educational sexual themes in television programming and rules for signals containing specifications for blocking violent and sexually themed non-educational programming..... MORE Asking for more trouble FRONTLINE Ninez Cacho-Oliv... A ‘Tower of Babel’ entirely of books in Argentina ... Changing world SHE SAYS Dinah S. Ventura 05/18/20... Syria seen stoking Golan unrest to mask crackdown ... The terrifying ordeal in Suite 2086 focus 05/18/2... Noy’s favored justice eyes Ombudsman post By Benja... Miriam unfazed by Pacquiao’s stand against RH Bill... Filipino sailor found dead after pirates attack 0... Preparations ongoing in case volcanoes erupt By Ma... CA rules to grant search warrant on ‘death caves’ ... House okays proposal allowing studes with unpaid t... Showing of violent, obscene TV programs to be regu...

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Inequity Mapping Poverty: Where Videos Are Recorded The neighborhoods where “Talk With Us” videos are being shot have some of the highest poverty rates and percentages of minority residents in Oklahoma City. University of Oklahoma students and Oklahoma Watch journalists sought and analyzed demographic, economic and other data for all census tracts in Oklahoma County, for 2010 or later. Then they identified clusters of high-poverty residential census tracts. Census tracts are relatively small, geographical subsets of counties and generally have populations ranging from about 1,200 to 8,000. Two of the three areas identified — northeast and south Oklahoma City — are home to cherished historical communities. The other area, miles west of downtown, features a troubled corridor along West 10th Street with rundown apartment complexes and modest homes. Poverty, by Neighborhood This map shows census tracts in Oklahoma County shaded by ranges of poverty. Click on a tract to see population, poverty rates and racial breakdowns. Hispanic counts are a total of white and non-white Hispanics. The tracts outlined in red are where “Talk With Us” student and professional journalists are conducting mobile-video interviews. Type in a location name or address to mark it on the map. Sorry, but your browser does not support iframes. Source: U.S. Census Bureau. The area is predominantly black and represents the outgrowth of the black community from its old residential and commercial hubs in near-east downtown, known as the Deep Deuce. The Deep Deuce has been remade into a trendy enclave of apartments, condos, restaurants and bars. The northeast area was home to the leaders of the city’s civil-rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s. It now suffers from blight, depopulation, high crime and other social ills related to poverty. The historic heart of south Oklahoma City is Capitol Hill, which was a town for a short time in the early 20th century. It evolved into a center of commerce and culture and retains a sense of independence and pride, with its own chamber of commerce. The demographics of a swath of south Oklahoma City have shifted: Many neighborhoods are now predominantly Hispanic and poverty rates are over 40 percent. Hispanic culture abounds. Spanish is heard and seen on many streets, and Spanish-language media are here or nearby. North of Interstate 40, in areas bordered by West 10th Street, is a mix of a tattered or modest homes, industrial lots, cheap retail and sketchy apartment complexes. Poverty and crime thrive. Some apartments are magnets for immigrants. In late 2013, Oklahoma City police secured a grant to launch an initiative to combat violent crime in a section of the west side. Leave a Comment or Offer a Solution to the Issue TM 2015 Oklahoma Watch | Site Design by UPWARD

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Tennessee State University Newsroom Tag Archives: Kean Hall Alumni, College of Liberal Arts, EVENTS, Featured, SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES, Uncategorized TSU Remembers Founders During 2019 Homecoming October 15, 2019 Michael McLendon NASHVILLE, Tenn. (TSU News Service) –Tennessee State University held it’s Founder’s Day Convocation on Oct. 15 in Kean Hall. TSU President Glenda Glover, accompanied by keynote speaker Nashville General Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Joseph Webb, led a procession of faculty, student leaders and administrators to mark the university’s 107th birthday. President Glenda Glover presents 2018 Founders’ Day speaker Dr. Joseph Webb with a plaque at the ceremony in Kean Hall. (Photo by Emanuel O. Roland II) The University Wind Ensemble, led by Dr. Reginald McDonald, offered selections to a cheering audience, following presentation of colors by the Air Force ROTC Color Guard. “We honor our founders, and we celebrate our excellence,” Glover said, as she reflected on the significance of the university’s contributions. “It is my esteemed pleasure to be here on this founders day.” Miss TSU, Jada Crisp, and Mr. TSU, Damyr Moore, shared a brief history of TSU, followed by a musical selection from the University Choir. In his keynote address, Webb reminisced about his days as a student at TSU. Miss TSU Jada Crisp, joined by Mr. TSU Damyr Moore, gives the university history at the Founders’ Day program. (Photo by Michael McLendon, TSU Media Relations) “For me this is truly a homecoming because I am back in what we used to call ‘Kean’s Little Garden,’” Webb said. “They call it Kean Hall now, but we had a lot of experiences here as an athlete. As a basketball player, I had two goals in mind: one was on this end, and one was on that end.” He reminded the students, faculty and alumni that as members of the TSU family, they are part of a proud legacy. “TSU, founded in 1912, has a rich history of producing public service and great leaders. It is still that beacon of hope where many aspire to gain a better life with the motto of ‘Think.Work.Serve,’ and a charge of ‘Enter to learn, and go forth to serve.’” he said. The University Wind Ensemble, led by Dr. Reginald McDonald, offer a selection at Founder’s Day Convocation. (Photo by Michael McLendon, TSU Media Relations) Webb, who joined Nashville General Hospital in 2015, has more than 25 years of experience managing for–profit and not-for-profit healthcare organizations. He obtained his doctorate of science in health services administration from the University of Alabama at Birmingham and holds a bachelor of science and master of science in health and physical education from TSU. Department of Media Relations Tennessee State University 3500 John Merritt Boulevard About Tennessee State University Founded in 1912, Tennessee State University is Nashville’s only public university, and is a premier, historically black university and land-grant institution offering 38 bachelor’s degree programs, 24 master’s degree programs, and seven doctoral degrees. TSU is a comprehensive research intensive institution with a R-2 Carnegie designation, and has a graduate school on its downtown Avon Williams Campus, along with the Otis Floyd Nursery Research Center in McMinnville, Tennessee. With a commitment to excellence, Tennessee State University provides students with a quality education in a nurturing and innovative environment that prepares them as alumni to be global leaders in every facet of society. Visit the University online at tnstate.edu. Damyr MooreKean HallMichael McLendonTSU President Glenda GloverUniversity Choir Alumni, EVENTS, Featured, Uncategorized, Women of Legend and Merit Awards Dinner Political Analyst Angela Rye To Speak at TSU Women’s Center Scholarship Fundraising Affair March 11, 2019 Michael McLendon NASHVILLE, Tenn. (TSU News Service) – Political Commentator and Analyst Angela Rye will serve as the keynote speaker for this year’s Women of Legend and Merit Awards Dinner at Tennessee State University on March 19 as part of the TSU Women’s Center’s effort to celebrate Women’s History Month. Rye, who offers regular on-air commentary for several media outlets including BET, CNN, MSNBC, and TV One, will speak about “Making An Impact Economically, Civically, and Politically.” The event is scheduled for 7 p.m. in Kean Hall on the main campus. Seanne Wilson, chairperson of the event, which raises money for student scholarships, said she hopes Rye’s visit will inspire young women at TSU to be more aware of the power of their voice. “As we know, this is the year of the woman, and women are being more vocal and we are owning who we are. It’s very important with us attempting to educate these young ladies, that they are aware of opportunities and not afraid to speak out and to speak up for their rights,” said Wilson, who serves as coordinator of the TSU Women’s Center. Wilson said an increasing number of young women in the Nashville community have expressed interest in attending this year’s event because of Rye. “I think that a lot of women, whether they are in politics or not, will feel coached and mentored by her, or feel empowered by her. And empowering women is something that the Women’s Center attempts to do,” Wilson said. “There are so many people out there who are interested in how we have gotten into this political climate. How did we get here? And how do we fix the problems that we see?” According to Wilson, the Women’s Center is a “safe zone” for women at TSU who experience issues such as fear, anxiety and depression, as well as domestic violence, homelessness and the lack of food. She said this year for Women’s History Month, the Women’s Center hopes to inspire students by bringing numerous professional women to campus, including judges, political figures, entrepreneurs, chief executive officers, and international women of distinction. Several women will be honored during this year’s event including: Veronica Marable Johnson, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce New Member Representative; Dr. Robbie Melton, TSU interim dean of the Graduate School; Karen Johnson, Davidson County Register of Deeds; Attorney Cynthia Fitzgerald; Attorney Joy Kimbrough; Dr. Judy Cummings, Pastor of New Covenant Christian Church; and Zaya Mouto, a sophomore Business Administration major who will receive the “Rising Star” Award. To purchase tickets for the March 19 awards dinner or learn more about the Women’s Center, visit http://www.tnstate.edu/legendandmerit/. Angela RyeDr. Glenda GloverGrant WinrowKean HallPresident Glenda GloverSeanne WilsonWomen of Legend and Merit AwardsWomen's Center Alumni, EVENTS, FACULTY, FEATURED, NEWS, SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES, Uncategorized TSU Hosts Kick-Off for Annual Day of Service Honoring Dr. King January 20, 2019 Michael McLendon NASHVILLE, Tenn. (TSU News Service) –Hundreds of students eager to volunteer gathered in Kean Hall at Tennessee State University on Saturday for the kick-off of the annual Joint Day of Service in remembrance of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Students from various universities throughout Nashville listen to inspiring messages at kick-off for Day of Service honoring Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. A panel of university leaders from various institutions addressed the crowd which included students from TSU, Meharry Medical College, Fisk University, Lipscomb University, Vanderbilt University, Belmont University Trevecca Nazarene University and Nashville State Community College. Charlene Oliver, president of Equity Alliance “At the essence of service is doing selflessly with little recognition or monetary gain,” said Charlene Oliver, guest speaker for the kick-off and president of Equity Alliance. “Dr. King told us that ‘we need leaders not in love with money, but in love with justice. Not in love with publicity, but in love with humanity.’” Shirley Nix-Davis, director of outreach for TSU’s Center for Service Learning and Civic Engagement, said bringing the students together for this service activity gives students an opportunity to consider the importance of service and how they can help others. TSU President Glenda Glover(center) with Charlene Oliver(left), president of Equity Alliance and Shirley Nix-Davis(right), director of outreach for TSU’s Center for Service Learning and Civic Engagement. “The goal is not only to engage in acts of service, but for each individual to think about how well they complete the service – to do it to the best of their ability and be proud of what they have done,” Nix-Davis said. After the program, organizers bused students to various locations where they participated in volunteer service projects. Sparrow Haynes, a junior human performance sports science major with a concentration in exercise science at TSU, volunteered with a group of students who assisted staff at Hadley Park Regional Center by sanitizing various areas of the facility and setting-up for a father-daughter banquet scheduled for Saturday evening. Sparrow Haynes, a junior Nashville-native, volunteers at Hadley Park Regional Center as part of Joint Day of Service honoring Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. “For me, being part of the African community, I feel like it is important for us to keep Dr. King’s legacy going,” said Haynes, a Nashville-native. “I feel like we should give back just like he did for us.” Alonzo N. Rhodes Sr., program coordinator of Community Recreation at Hadley Park Regional Center, said he hopes the day will inspire students to continue volunteering throughout the year. Alonzo N. Rhodes Sr., program coordinator of Community Recreation at Hadley Park Regional Center, gives volunteers instructions during Joint Day of Service honoring Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. “Those students who are dealing with wanting to get out and knowing they need to do services in the community can come to places like this and do those services for their classes and for their internships,” he said. “The small gestures you do really have a great impact. Just coming in and helping us means I’m able to keep my staff at home one time and have the community come out and do it.” Rhodes, who graduated from TSU in 2001 with a major in human performance and sports science with a minor in criminal justice, said he believes community service helps students get rid of biases and walk in love and understanding. “When you have a multicultural group it brings a different type of energy. Everybody is involved and engaged in doing something to uplift every community. Everybody is geared towards making Nashville a better community and an inclusive community.” Darian McGhee, a senior electrical engineering major from Memphis, Tennessee who serves as Mr. TSU, echoed Rhodes sentiment. Darian McGhee, Mr. TSU “I just think it’s an amazing opportunity anytime you can get a lot of college students together around a united goal, and today that just so happens to be for the MLK Day of Service here at Tennessee State University,” he said. Nix-Davis said the students volunteered at over 20 sites including the Second Harvest Food Bank, Feed the Children, Grace Eaton Early Learning Center, the Preston Taylor Boys and Girls Club, Trevecca Towers for Seniors, Room In The Inn and The Nashville Food Project. For more information about TSU’s Center for Service Learning and Civic Engagement, visit http://www.tnstate.edu/servicelearning/ With more than 7,000 students, Tennessee State University is Nashville’s only public university, and is a comprehensive, urban, co-educational, land-grant university offering 38 bachelor’s degree programs, 24 master’s degree programs and seven doctoral degrees. TSU has earned a top 20 ranking for Historically Black Colleges and Universities according to U.S. News and World Report, and rated as one of the top universities in the country by Washington Monthly for social mobility, research and community service. Founded in 1912, Tennessee State University celebrated 100 years in Nashville during 2012. Visit the University online at tnstate.edu. Center for Service LearningCharlene OliverCivic EngagementDarian McGheeDay of ServiceDr. GloverfeaturedKean HallMichael McLendonservice-learning Alumni, Athletics, EVENTS, FACULTY, FEATURED, NEWS, Research and Sponsored Programs, Uncategorized Internationally Known Vegan Trainer Tay Sweat Among Experts To Greet Public At Health And Wellness Fair at TSU April 19, 2018 Michael McLendon NASHVILLE, Tenn. (TSU News Service) – Certified personal trainer and nutrition coach Tay Sweat knows what it means to fight for his life. At age 15, he weighed 311 pounds and found himself in a constant battle with diabetes and high blood pressure. Afraid he would meet an early death, Sweat decided as a teenager to take control of his health. “I got rid of my diabetes and my high blood pressure, and from there I started helping others do the same,” said Sweat, who is now an internationally recognized health guru with clients in Australia, Canada and Japan. Certified personal trainer and nutrition coach Tay Sweat (submitted photo) Sweat is one of many health, nutrition and fitness experts who will take part in a unique community health and wellness fair this Friday at Tennessee State University from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. in Kean Hall. The fair, which is a partnership between TSU, the DP Thomas Foundation for Obesity, Vanderbilt University Medical Center’s HIV Vaccine Program, and the Turnip Truck, will feature more than 40 vendors and give participants opportunities to receive massages, chiropractic care, dental screenings, HIV testing and more. Sweat, who does 90 to 95 percent of his business online and the remaining with high profile clients like Tennessee Titans players and their wives, is excited about this opportunity to share what he has learned with the general public. “I want people, when they see me, to see the difference eating a lot of plants can have. But not only that, I want to speak to the people and answer questions,” said Sweat, who lost more than 120 pounds before packing on an additional 25 pounds of muscle using a vegan diet. Lalita Hodge, TSU coordinator of Public Relations and a member of the DP Thomas Board of Directors, said the purpose of the fair is to keep the community informed about the resources that are available to them. “You will see some of your traditional vendors there like the YMCA, but you will also see nontraditional healing methods there like coffee enema, the Turnip Truck with their organic produce, and we have healthy lunches that will include organic free-range turkey,” she said. Hodge said organizers are placing special emphasis on getting senior citizens and college students to participate. Keith Richardson, community engagement coordinator for the Vanderbilt HIV Vaccine Program, stressed the important of students attending the health fair. “Students are young and they need to know the importance of health and what it means to take care of themselves,” said Richardson, a 2008 alumnus of TSU. “Maybe they can catch health issues early before things get out of hand as they become adults and just have a good mindset about eating and exercising right, and just taking care of their bodies.” Dolly Patton-Thomas, executive director of the DP Thomas Foundation for Obesity, said she hopes the event will motivate people to live healthier lives. She said Sweat and Certified Holistic Wellness Coach Karina Hammer are just two of the many vendors she is elated to see continue their participation in the fair, which is in its third year. “I’m just excited about the health fair, and I hope that all will come out and that we will have people just to gain knowledge about what we have to offer and what is out there for them,” Patton-Thomas said. “When you are given the knowledge, you won’t be blindsided. You can run with it and you can choose what to do.” For more information about the Community Health and Wellness Fair, call 615-474-1286, or email: dpthomasfoundation@gmail.com. Alumnicollege of agricultureDepartment of Health SciencesfeaturedHealth and WellnessHealth and Wellness FairKean HallMichael McLendon Alumni, EVENTS, FEATURED, NEWS, RESEARCH, Research and Sponsored Programs, SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES Tennessee State University Hosts Unveiling of ‘Forever’ Postal Stamp Honoring Lena Horne February 23, 2018 Michael McLendon NASHVILLE, Tenn. (TSU News Service) – Tennessee State University hosted the unveiling of the U.S. Postal Service’s “Forever Stamp” featuring legendary performer and civil rights activist Lena Horne on Friday in the Kean Hall welcome center. The new stamp, which is the 41st in the Black Heritage series, is a colorized black-and-white photograph taken of Horne in the 1980’s by photographer Christian Steiner. The dress Horne wears in the photograph appears royal blue, a color she frequently wore. The background of the photograph includes a few clouds, reminiscent of her Stormy Weather album. Horne’s name appears at the bottom of the stamp, with the words “USA” and “Forever” appearing just above her name in the bottom right corner. The words “Black Heritage” appear at the top of the stamp. Toni Franklin, the postmaster of Nashville, joined TSU Associate Vice President and Chief of Staff, Dr. Curtis Johnson, faculty, staff, students, postal officials and guests during the unveiling ceremony in Nashville in the Kean Hall foyer on the main campus. The stamp was dedicated by Deputy Postmaster General Ronald Stroman during a January 30th ceremony at the Peter Norton Symphony Space in New York. Franklin described Horne as “a woman who used her platform as an entertainer to become one of America’s most public advocates for civil rights and gender equality.” “The Lena Horne Commemorative Stamp is being issued as a ‘Forever Stamp’,” Franklin said. “It goes without saying, Lena Horne will forever be in our hearts.” Steven Lewis, Curator of the National Museum of African American Steven Lewis, curator of the National Museum of African American Music, speaks before the unveiling. (Photo by Courtney Buggs, TSU Media Relations) Music slated to open in Nashville in 2019, served as the ceremony speaker. He provided a brief history of Horne’s contributions to the entertainment industry and African American History. “Lena Horne lived a long life, and she had an amazingly varied body of work spanning activities of literally all forms of popular media including film, television, recordings, musical theatre, and night club appearances,” he said. “The constant throughout her career, however, was her commitment to activism on behalf of African Americans.” Attendees participated in a brief reception following the event. The TSU Jazz Band provided entertainment, performing renditions of Horne’s classics, including her popular song, Stormy Weather. Best known for her movie roles in “Cabin in the Sky” and “Stormy Weather,” Horne began her career as a dancer at Harlem’s famous Cotton Club. She endured decades of discrimination in her storied career, and eventually emerged as a civil rights activist performing at various rallies across the South, pressing for anti-lynching legislation with Eleanor Roosevelt, lending her support to the National Council for Negro Women and taking part in the March on Washington in 1963. AlumnifeaturedKean HallMichael McLendonTSU Associate Vice President andChief of Staff Curtis Johnsonunveiling of Forever Stamp Noted Civil-Rights Activist Al Sharpton to Visit TSU October 23 October 14, 2014 Emmanuel Freeman NASHVILLE, Tenn. (TSU News Service) – Community leader, politician, minister and civil-rights activist the Reverend Al Sharpton is scheduled to visit Tennessee State University Thursday, Oct. 23. Sharpton will speak at a forum about disparities in sports, business and politics and other social issues. The presentation will be held in Kean Hall beginning at 6:30 p.m. The event is free and open to the public. Sharpton serves as the host of PoliticsNation on MSNBC. With more than 40 years of experience as an advocate, he is one of America’s most renowned civil rights leaders. Sharpton has held such notable positions as the youth director of New York’s Operation Breadbasket, director of ministers for the National Rainbow Push coalition, and founder of his own broad-based progressive civil rights organization, the National Action. With nearly 9,000 students, Tennessee State University is Nashville’s only public university, and is a comprehensive, urban, co-educational, land-grant university offering 42 undergraduate, 24 graduate and seven doctoral programs. TSU has earned a top 20 ranking for Historically Black Colleges and Universities according to U.S. News and World Report, and rated as one of the top universities in the country by Washington Monthly for social mobility, research and community service. Founded in 1912, Tennessee State University celebrated 100 years in Nashville during 2012. Visit the University online at tnstate.edu. Al Sharptoncivil rights activistKean HallOpen Foum More Than 700 Student Volunteers Participate in MLK, Jr. Day of Service Future Dentist Says TSU Has Made Her A Better Leader TSU students, officials believe FUTURE Act long overdue for HBCUs, and will provide much needed boost for sustainability TSU celebrates legacy of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. with ‘Day of Service,’ convocation featuring MSNBC political analyst Joy-Ann Reid TSU President Glover Encourages Community to ‘Stand Strong’ at 8th Presidential Prayer Service Receive TSU news straight to your inbox! College of Public Service Research and Sponsored Programs Women of Legend and Merit Awards Dinner Avon Williams Campus Christion Abercrombie Dean of Students Frank Stevenson Department of Communications Dr. Chandra Reddy Dr. Curtis Johnson Dr. Glenda Baskin Glover Dr. Glenda Glover Dr. S. Keith Hargrove Emmanuel S. Freeman Glenda Glover hbcu digest awards High Standards High Achievers Honda Battle of the Bands Michael McLendon Office of Diversity and International Affairs Terrence Izzard Tigerbelles TSU President Glenda Glover

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Toxicity and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in spinach (spinacia oleracea) grown in a controlled environment Alia, N, Sardar, K, Said, M, Salma, K, Sadia, A, Sadaf, S, Toqeer, A and Miklas, S ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8919-3838 2015, 'Toxicity and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in spinach (spinacia oleracea) grown in a controlled environment' , International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12 (7) , pp. 7400-7416. Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120707400 The impact of heavy metal toxicity on the shoot and root lengths, total protein, fiber characteristics, moisture content and nutrient composition of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) was evaluated. Plants were grown in pots containing soil and treated with different concentrations (mg/kg) of lead (Pb; 300, 400 and 500), cadmium (Cd; 0.5, 1 and 1.5) and zinc (Zn; 250, 500, and 700) as well as mixtures of Cd and Pb (0.5/300, 1/400, 1.5/500), Cd and Zn (0.5/250, 1/500, 1.5/700), and Pb and Zn (300/250, 400/500, 500/700). Soil contaminated by long-term irrigation with wastewater containing heavy metals was simulated. An increase in concentrations of heavy metals both individually and as mixtures significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the growth parameters and nutrient contents of S. oleracea. The uptake patterns of heavy metals in mixtures showed antagonistic impacts on each other. The toxicities of the mixtures Cd and Pb, Cd and Zn as well as Pb and Zn were higher than those observed in separate heavy metal applications but less than their additive sums. The toxicity caused by individual heavy metals was the highest for Cd followed by Pb and Zn. The highest toxicity was observed in plants grown in soil contaminated by Cd and Pb. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health MDPI AG WM Taylor

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NGO UCMC website About press center Ukraine moves up seven spots in the Doing Business 2020 ranking growing attractive for investment Ukraine ranks 64th in the ease of doing business ranking “Doing Business 2020” moving up seven positions since its last edition. The news came from the government press service that quoted Prime Minister Oleksiy Honcharuk. What is the “Doing Business” ranking? “Doing Business” is the ease of doing business ranking compiled annually by the World Bank. It benchmarks business regulation in 190 countries. The report results froma comprehensive research of business regulation aspectsin each of the economiesbased on 10 key indicators. The ease of doing business index is one of the key markers for businesses when deciding to invest in a chosen country. According to the data by the World Bank this year Ukraine’s six indicators out of ten total that affect the ranking experienced a positive change. Ukraine’s record leap. Sixty-fourth is Ukraine’s highest position ever in the “Doing Business” ranking. Since the first edition of the index in 2006 Ukraine’s positions were not the best ones. Only in 2015 the country entered the top hundred. Ukraine was at its lowest position in the ranking in 2012 – at 152 out of the total 183 positions. In 2019 Ukraine was at 71 in the “Doing Business” score. Through 2014-2018 Ukraine went up 24 positions in the ranking. Compared to other states of the former Soviet bloc. While this year’s result is quite good, it’s far from the best one achieved among the countries of the former Soviet bloc. Thus, Lithuania is at 11, Estonia is at 18, Kazakhstan ranks 25th, Russia – 28th, Moldova is at 48 and Belarus is at 49. Which factors affected the ranking? The biggest progress (+27 points) was demonstrated for the indicators “protecting minority shareholders” and “dealing with construction permits” (+10 points). There were positive developments on other indicators: “getting electricity”, “trading across borders”, “registering property” and “getting credit”. Commentary by the Prime Minister. Prime Minister Oleksiy Honcharuk said: “Ukraine going up seven positions in the Doing Business ranking at once is a self-explanatory result. It is a positive signal for Ukrainian entrepreneurs and a green light for foreign investors. It is just the beginning and we continue working in this direction – three days ago the Bankruptcy Code came into effect, a few weeks ago – the law on encouraging investment, we are intensifying deregulation processes.” Prime Minister Honcharuk submits resignation: will he leave? Flight PS752, 2020 forecast and more – Weekly Update on Ukraine #1, 6-12 January Second Joint Statement of the city, town and village heads, heads of amalgamated territorial communities and decentralisation and local self-governance experts UCMC press center is a platform that allows civic activists, experts, politicians, authorities, diplomats and members of international community to conduct briefings regarding events and processes taking place in Ukraine. NGO Ukraine Crisis Media Center has no effect on media content produced during events at the UCMC press center, provides no guarantees and will not be liable for the content of information distributed by participants during the events held at the UCMC press center, including, but not limited to the participants distributing unreliable, untruthful, incomplete, inaccurate, invalid information during UCMC press center’s events or expressing their personal opinion. Furthermore, UCMC will not be liable for any damage resulting from such distribution or related to it or losses incurred by third parties. Ukraine Crisis Media Center

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Unapix celebrities information Home » Biographies » Ben Whishaw | Biography Ben Whishaw | Biography 39 Years 3 Month(s) Wife/Spouse Mark Bradshaw Is Gay/Lesbian Divorced? $2 Million Dollars 5 feet 9 inches(175 cm) Ben Whishaw was born as Benjamin John "Ben" Whishaw, on the 14th of October, 1980 and is currently 35 years of age. He was born as the only son of mother Linda; a cosmetic surgeon and father Josh Whishaw, who worked as an IT expert and was raised in Clifton, Bedfordshire, England. With his father’s previous relationships, he has got two half- brothers. One of them was James, who worked in a Theatre and also took Ben with him in some occasions. It was from there that Ben got the inspiration of becoming an actor at the Queen Mother Theatre. As a young boy, he went and studied at the Henlow Middle School and upon graduation then later studied at the Samuel Whitbread Community College. Not a very talented student there, he worked in his college’s theatre group and earned a degree in Fine Arts. It was in his college days that he collaborates worked with other production houses and landed in small roles her and there. From there, he studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art and graduated in 2003. A British by nationality, he is a Christian by religion and belongs to white ethnicity. No the tallest of person, Ben has a height of 175 cm, which is about 5 feet and 9 inches. He is a slim and somewhat skinny person with a body weight of about 46 kg, but is very fit and active despite his built. He is not a very regular exerciser and doesn’t feel the need to go to the gym. A football player in his childhood days, he enjoys the sport equally today and supports Derby County Football Club. He doesn’t seem to have a body tattoo in those shirtless pictures of his that is available on the internet and his Instagram account as well. A good looking person, he has got an attractive face and recently has kept his hair and beard long. There is not much about his affairs and dating history and he has never been married or divorced. Regarding his sexuality, he is a gay and has been in a romantic relationship with his boyfriend Mark Bradshaw for some years now. The two are in a strong relationship that doesn’t seem to crumble soon. There are/ were no girlfriends of Ben. Starting his career with Theatres, he began his life on TV only after 2005 when he got notable role s in the movie Layer Cake. HE also landed in a role in the TV show Nathan Barley, which won him the award for “Promising New Comer” that year. He played some other movies like My Brother Tom and Mercury Fur until his agent got him the lead role of Jean-Baptiste Grenouille, in the classic film La Perfume (2006). That was an important year for him as he also played in another film The Restraint of Beasts and also portrayed the role of Bob Dylan in I'm Not There, which released in 2007. He has also been nominated for and has won awards like BAFTA Rising Star Award (2007) · Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor (2005) · European Film Award for Best Actor (2007). He has also played in some British TV shows like The Hollow Crown, The Hour etc. With millions of fans following on his Facebook and Twitter accounts, his biography has also been search for and read by many. Several sites like Wikipedia, IMDB, and Rotten Tomatoes etc. have written his biography and you can find them all. By 2015, his estimated net worth was about 2 million US dollars. Jim Caviezel | Biography Jim Caviezel is a famous American actor, who is best known for Cierra Ramirez | Biography Well known beautiful American actress and singer Cierra Ramire Gerina Piller | Biography The beautiful and charming American professional golfer Gerina Richard Ayoade | Biography Richard Ayoade is a very renowned comedian, actor, writer, TV- Skyler Gisondo | Biography Born on July 22, 1918, American teen actor Skyler Gisondo is r Scott Van Pelt | Biography Scott Van Pelt is popular as an American sports talk show host Eva Mendes | Biography The gorgeous lady Eva Mendes is an actress, model and singer. Vincent Martella | Biography Vincent Michael Martella is an actor/ voice actor and a singer © 2020 Unapix.com and All Rights Reserved By using UnApix.com you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Published contents by users are under Creative Commons License. UnApix.com

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U.S. television makes film about Phong Nha – Ke Bang caves (Dec 23, 2014) The management board of Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park on December 20 said that U.S. Travel Channel has finished a TV report exploring the imposing landscape of caves on Ke Bang Limestone Mountain and surrounding areas. Viet Nam among top 40 World’s Best Beach Resorts (Dec 22, 2014) Conde Nast Traveler, one of the world’s premier luxury and lifestyle travel magazines, has cited three famous resorts in Viet Nam’s central region as top 40 of World’s Best Beach Resorts: Readers’ Choice 2014. Khanh Hoa sees sharp rise of RoK visitors (Dec 22, 2014) Approximately 60,000 holiday-makers from the Republic of Korea (RoK) have so far this year visited the central province of Khanh Hoa’s Nha Trang city, doubling that of 2013, reported the provincial Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism. Da Nang sets up action plans for tourism in 2015 (Dec 22, 2014) The Da Nang Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism on December 15th announced information and an action plan for Da Nang – Top Traveler’s Choice Destination on the rise for 2015, the title awarded by the US’s tourism website TripAdvisor. HCM City: Numerous festive activities to welcome New Year 2015 (Dec 22, 2014) A series of festive activities will be held across Ho Chi Minh City from December 20 to welcome the New Year 2015, said Deputy Director of the municipal Department of Culture and Sports Le Ton Thanh at a press briefing on December 17. Korean cultural festival in Thai Nguyen Province (Dec 22, 2014) Diverse cultural activities are taking place at a Korean cultural festival which opened in the northern mountainous province of Thai Nguyen to celebrate the 22nd anniversary of establishing Viet Nam - Republic of Korea (RoK) diplomatic ties. Festival to honour cultural essence of Viet Nam’s Thai ethnic group (Dec 22, 2014) The first-ever cultural festival of Viet Nam’s Thai ethnic group will be held in Lai Chau province on December 27-29.

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Posts Tagged ‘Lee Pace’ Movie Review: ‘Guardians of the Galaxy’ – Nat’s Take by Nat Almirall, Aug 4 2014 // 3:00 PM Guardians of the Galaxy is the summer blockbuster I’ve been waiting for for longer than I can remember. The usual adjectives of effusive praise are appropriate: funny, clever, touching, and, of course, fun. While Marvel Studios has certainly found the formula for successful films, they’ve been progressively more and more serious and, worse, self-important. Guardians has the good sense to mock itself and its concept, which is likely due in large part to its star, Parks & Recreation‘s Chris Pratt, and writer/director James Gunn (Slither), and perhaps almost as large a part being that it’s relatively free of the Marvel Universe around which every other film it’s made snugly revolves. I doubt we’d see even Tony Stark using a space-rat as a make-believe microphone, especially in the first two minutes. So Gunn and Pratt bring a delightfully refreshing sense of self deprecation to their film, Pratt playing the somewhat well-known Peter Quill, a.k.a. Star-Lord, intergalactic swashbuckler. The promotional writeups describe him as a mix of Han Solo and Marty McFly, but I think Indiana Jones may be more appropriate, since they’re both adept at getting into and out of particularly sticky situations. This time Star-Lord has snatched an orb of potentially unimaginable power, which puts him in the sights of nearly everyone across the galaxy, from assassin Gamora (Zoe Saldana) to planetary ravager Ronan (Lee Pace) to Yondu (Michael Rooker), Star-Lord’s kind-of adopted father, to genetically modified raccoon Rocket (Bradley Cooper) and his Ent-ian-ish pal Groot (Vin Diesel). After a three-way battle on the universal capital planet, the four are imprisoned and…blah, blah, blah. They team up, everyone tries to kill them, and so on. Posted in: Action · Marvel · Marvel Studios · Reviews · Sci-Fi Tagged: Action, Benicio Del Toro, Bradley Cooper, Chriss Pratt, Comics, Dave Bautista, Djimon Hounsou, Glenn Close, Guardians of the Galaxy, James Gunn, John C. Reilly, Karen Gillan, Lee Pace, Marvel Studios, Michael Rooker, Nicole Perlman, Sci-Fi, Vin Diesel, Walt Disney Studios, Zoe Saladana Movie Review: ‘Guardians of the Galaxy’ Freaks Out in a Moonage Daydream, Oh Yeah by Joseph Dilworth, Aug 2 2014 // 4:43 PM In 1977, at the age of 8, I sat in a theater and experienced the awe and wonder that was Star Wars. At the time, no one had any idea what kind of cultural significance it would have or what it would mean for cinema in general and science-fiction films in particular. Though there have been many books, essays and college theses that have attempted to quantify and examine those impacts over the years, at age 8 I didn’t really care about such things. If I’m being completely honest I should admit that I still don’t, I just remember sitting in the darkened theater being completely pulled into a new and completely realized new universe of awe and wonder and being completely captivated and immeasurably entertained by it. Thanks to James Gunn and Guardians of the Galaxy, that feeling has returned 37 years later. Posted in: Filmmaking · Marvel · Marvel Studios Tagged: Action, Benicio Del Toro, Bradley Cooper, Chris Pratt, Comics, Dave Bautista, Djimon Hounsou, Glenn Close, Groot, Guardians of the Galaxy, James Gunn, John C. Reilly, Karen Gillan, Lee Pace, Marvel Studios, Michael Rooker, Nicole Perlman, Rocket, Sci-Fi, Star Lord, thanos, Vin Diesel, Walt Disney Studios, Zoe Saladana The Eighth ‘Hobbit’ Production Vlog Takes You From Dale To San Diego by Jonathan Weilbaecher, Jul 23 2012 // 2:30 PM One of the biggest presentations this year at Comic-Con was The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey panel in Hall H. Peter Jackson and company showed off twelve minutes of new footage and a brand new production vlog. While it is highly unlikely we will ever see the footage in its comic-con form, we have been graced with the production vlog. In fact it has even been enhanced to give us a peek at Peter Jackson’s experience at the convention itself. Typically these vlogs do a wonderful job of making you feel apart of the larger whole that is The Hobbit production, but the additional Comic-Con aspects actually allow fans everywhere to feel, at least in a small way, like they partook in The Hobbit Comic-Con experience. Aside from all the con goodness on the front end, the main vlog itself is also one of the better yet released. It detailed the final days of shooting, and gave us our first look at some key elements. You can check out the full new vlog after the jump, and I am sure no one needs reminding that The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey hits theaters this December 14th. Posted in: Adaptation · Comic-Con · Fantasy · Movies · News · Prequels and Sequels · SDCC 12 · The Hobbit · The Internets · Video · Warner Bros Tagged: An Unexpected Journey, Andy Serkis, Bilbo Baggins, Comic-Con, Dwarves, Elves, Gandalf, Ian McKellen, Lee Pace, Martin Freeman, Movies, News, Peter Jackson, SDCC12, Sylvester McCoy, The Hobbit, Video, Vlog, Warner Bros Bryan Fuller Is Bringing ‘Pushing Daisies’ Back by John Muth, Jan 18 2010 // 8:00 AM SciFi Wire has an interview with Chi McBride, who played Emerson Cod in the tragically cancelled show, and in it the actor says Bryan Fuller, the creator of Pushing Daisies, is currently hard at work on scripting the graphic novel that will carry on the story of the Pie Maker and his magical reanimating finger. McBride, who was promoting his new role in the comic-adapted series Human Target, says that he’s seen some of the pages for the book, and that it’s “off the hook.” “It’s a whole thing about a whole bunch of corpses coming to life,” said McBride. He also indicated the tone of the book will be darker and edgier than what could be done on primetime-mainstream television. McBride also dded his enthusiasm for seeing the project continued not only for his own satisfaction, but to also reward the loyal fans. Pushing Daisies, which was executive produced by Barry Sonnenfeld (The Addams Family, Men In Black), was aired for two seasons on ABC before having the plug pulled for low ratings and high-production costs — despite it’s positive critical and fan response. The show also starred Lee Pace, Anna Friel, Swoosie Kurtz, and Kristin Chenoweth. There’s few other details about the book currently but when it comes out I’ll definitely pick it up. Posted in: ABC · Adaptation · Comics · Geek · News · TV Tagged: ABC, Anna Friel, Barry Sonnenfeld, Bryan Fuller, Chi McBride, Human Target, Kristin Chenoweth, Lee Pace, Pushing Daisies

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WARNING: this page is still under construction - it probably contains lots of typos and errors Check it again in about 666 days and it should be fixed. Alicia Townsend1 F, #673651, b. 6 October 1833, d. circa 1 September 1847 Alicia Townsend was born on 6 October 1833 at Harbour View, County Cork, Ireland.1 She was the daughter of Richard Townsend and Maria Wilkinson.1 She died circa 1 September 1847, either at sea or in Montreal or Toronto.1 [S7809] Richard Townsend, "re: Townsend Family," e-mail message to Darryl Roger LUNDY (101053), 28 November 2015. Hereinafter cited as "re: Townsend Family." Richard Townsend1 M, #673652, b. 12 November 1834, d. circa 1914 Richard Townsend was born on 12 November 1834 at Dunmanway, County Cork, Ireland.1 He was the son of Richard Townsend and Maria Wilkinson.1 He died circa 1914.1 Henry Townsend1 Henry Townsend was born on 12 May 1836 at Castletownshend, Skibbereen, County Cork, Ireland.1 He was the son of Richard Townsend and Maria Wilkinson.1 He married Elizabeth Ann Cook on 9 June 1873 at St. James Church, St. Marys, Perth, Ontario, Canada.1 He died on 4 February 1924 at age 87 at Gorrie, Ontario, Canada.1 Children of Henry Townsend and Elizabeth Ann Cook William Edward Townsend+1 b. 19 Sep 1873, d. 8 Feb 1947 George Wellington Townsend+1 b. 9 Jun 1879, d. 17 Apr 1960 Sydney Alecia Townsend+1 b. 29 Jan 1884, d. 8 Dec 1945 unknown Townsend1 b. 1895, d. 1895 Eliza Townsend1 F, #673654, b. 21 January 1838, d. 6 June 1839 Eliza Townsend was born on 21 January 1838 at Dunmanway, County Cork, Ireland.1 She was the daughter of Richard Townsend and Maria Wilkinson.1 She died on 6 June 1839 at age 1 at Ireland.1 Margaret Townsend1 F, #673655, b. 9 July 1839, d. circa 1914 Margaret Townsend was born on 9 July 1839 at Dunmanway, County Cork, Ireland.1 She was the daughter of Richard Townsend and Maria Wilkinson.1 She married John Snell.1 She died circa 1914.1 Her married name became Snell.1 Child of Margaret Townsend and John Snell Henry Edward Snell+1 b. 7 Sep 1868 F, #673656, b. 30 May 1841, d. circa 1925 Eliza Townsend was born on 30 May 1841 at Dunmanway, County Cork, Ireland.1 She was the daughter of Richard Townsend and Maria Wilkinson.1 She died circa 1925.1 Children of Eliza Townsend Emma Buchanan1 Jessie Buchanan1 Thomas Townsend1 M, #673657, b. 10 October 1843, d. 23 April 1930 Thomas Townsend was born on 10 October 1843 at Andea, County Cork, Ireland.1 He was the son of Richard Townsend and Maria Wilkinson.1 He married Mary Jane Haldenby on 27 October 1870 at Toronto, Ontario, Canada.1 He died on 23 April 1930 at age 86 at Dows, Iowa, U.S.A.1 Children of Thomas Townsend and Mary Jane Haldenby Henry Edward Townsend1 b. 8 Mar 1872, d. 3 Jul 1940 William Richard Townsend1 b. 15 Aug 1873, d. 12 Jan 1950 Alfred West Townsend1 b. 5 Feb 1876, d. 29 Dec 1965 Eliza Ann Townsend1 b. 28 Nov 1878, d. 21 Aug 1926 Margaret Sophia Townsend1 b. 6 May 1881, d. 19 Nov 1964 John Thomas Townsend1 b. 7 Nov 1888, d. 17 May 1958 Elizabeth Ann Cook1 F, #673658, b. 13 March 1847, d. 18 April 1909 Elizabeth Ann Cook was born on 13 March 1847 at Whitechurch, York, Ontario, Canada.1 She married Henry Townsend, son of Richard Townsend and Maria Wilkinson, on 9 June 1873 at St. James Church, St. Marys, Perth, Ontario, Canada.1 She died on 18 April 1909 at age 62 at Howick, Huron County, Ontario, Canada.1 From 9 June 1873, her married name became Townsend.1 Children of Elizabeth Ann Cook and Henry Townsend William Edward Townsend1 M, #673659, b. 19 September 1873, d. 8 February 1947 William Edward Townsend was born on 19 September 1873 at Gorrie, Ontario, Canada.1 He was the son of Henry Townsend and Elizabeth Ann Cook.1 He married Frances Ann Ayers on 24 December 1896.1 He married Ida Frances Pillman on 11 July 1905 at Evanston, Illinois, U.S.A.1 He died on 8 February 1947 at age 73 at Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.1 Children of William Edward Townsend and Frances Ann Ayers William Harold Ayers Townsend+1 b. 21 Nov 1897, d. Nov 1982 Leslie Morris Townsend1 b. 26 Jan 1899, d. 29 Nov 1943 Children of William Edward Townsend and Ida Frances Pillman Howard Spencer Townsend+1 b. 11 Mar 1913, d. 17 Jul 2006 Wilbur Pillman Townsend+1 b. 3 Apr 1917, d. 2 Dec 2002 Frances Ann Ayers1 F, #673660, b. 24 December 1876, d. 21 October 1903 Frances Ann Ayers was born on 24 December 1876 at Listowel, Ontario, Canada.1 She married William Edward Townsend, son of Henry Townsend and Elizabeth Ann Cook, on 24 December 1896.1 She died on 21 October 1903 at age 26.1 From 24 December 1896, her married name became Townsend.1 Children of Frances Ann Ayers and William Edward Townsend

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Excerpt Reveal for The First Taste by Jessica Hawkins! The First Taste by Jessica Hawkins Series: Slip of the Tongue #2 Release Date: August 4th, 2016 Genre: Contemporary Romance Andrew Beckwith has already devoted his life to one girl—and as far as he’s concerned, she’s all he needs. The rough-around-the-edges bad boy left his reckless ways behind six years ago when his daughter Bell was born. To the female population’s dismay, he’s unapologetically single. When Bell’s mother walked out on them years ago, he vowed never to let another woman close enough to hurt them again. Amelia Van Ecken isn’t just another woman. She’s an independent, smart, and savvy businesswoman who doesn’t have time for sex, much less love. In the midst of a drawn-out, bitter divorce, all she wants is to bury herself in work. But when sharp-tongued Amelia and stubborn Andrew cross paths, sparks fly—and burn. Two things are obvious in an instant: they want each other, and they’re from different worlds. It’s the perfect formula for an off-the-charts one-night stand. After all, it’s not as if opposites ever attract. The First Taste, a standalone spin-off of the Slip of the Tongue. “What’re your plans tonight?” She scoffs. “It’s Friday night. What aren’t my plans? I have drinks with friends in an hour, then a late dinner, and who knows after that.” “Cancel them.” She gapes at me. “Cancel my plans? Why would I?” “Come out with me. Sadie says there’s a place around here with great pizza.” She laughs, tilting her head and exposing the smooth column of her throat. “First, I don’t eat carbs, so there’s no way you’re getting me to do anything with the promise of pizza. Second, I just told you—I don’t date.” “And neither do I.” “Then why are you asking me out?” she asks. “Because despite what you may think, I am a gentleman, and it’s only good manners to buy you dinner first.” “First?” she asks, wrinkling her nose. “What’s second?” We stare at each other. I let her figure it out on her own. It’s rare to meet a woman like me, someone who truly has no interest in finding a partner. I’ve heard that claim from enough girls to know when they’re bullshitting me, and unless Amelia is a Grade-A con artist, she definitely isn’t looking to get serious. When she understands, the wrinkles on her forehead ease, and she parts her lips. I answer with a knowing smile. Suggesting sex within half an hour of meeting someone might normally get me slapped, but I get the feeling Amelia appreciates a more direct approach. “I don’t date,” I say, “but I’m still a man with eyes.” She makes no secret of looking me up and down. “You’re not my type either,” she warns. “I like men who carry a briefcase and see a barber regularly.” I run my hand through my black hair, which I know is too long. “How’s that working out for you?” She narrows her eyes. “Fine. Perfect.” “I have some tattoos too,” I say. “And ride a motorcycle. Since that’s normally how I get most girls, I suppose those are turn-offs for you.” “They are,” she says immediately, straightening her shoulders. “I’ve never understood the appeal of a bad boy.” “Then tonight, we’re a match made in heaven, aren’t we? It shouldn’t be hard for either of us to say goodbye afterward.” She bats her eyelashes a few times, not because she’s flirting but because she’s thinking. Considering. Which means it’s basically a done deal. I’ve never gotten this far with a girl only to have her walk away. “Why even bother with dinner?” she asks. I take a moment to study her, her shoulder-length, perfectly coifed blonde hair. Her defined red lips that look like a heart when pursed, which is often. Yeah, based on the fact that I’m noticing details—something I try not to do anymore—I know I’m feeling her tonight. Most guys would jump at the opportunity to skip the small talk, but that doesn’t really appeal to me. I like women, always have. Just because Shana fucked me in the head doesn’t mean I don’t appreciate them. Doesn’t mean I don’t want to spend time around them—just so long’s it’s surface stuff. I don’t want to scare her off by suggesting I might want to have a conversation with her, so I just shrug. “Because I’m starving.” “I’m not hungry.” “Indulge me then. I need my energy.” “For what?” she asks. I arch an eyebrow at her. I’ll definitely need my energy for a night with her. She reads my expression and her cheeks redden. “Oh.” Jessica Hawkins grew up between the purple mountains and under the endless sun of Palm Springs, California. She studied international business at Arizona State University and has also lived in Costa Rica and New York City. To her, the most intriguing fiction is forbidden, and that’s what you’ll find in her stories. Currently, she resides wherever her head lands, which is often the unexpected (but warm) keyboard of her trusty MacBook. Facebook / Goodreads / Twitter / Website Labels: 2016 Release, Book Excerpts, Contemporary Romance, InkSlinger PR, Jessica Hawkins, Must Read, New Adult From the New York Times bestselling author of The Lie and The Pact comes a new romance that will test your limits and leave you breathless. Death. It's something that Ada Palomino has always known so well, having grown up in a house of horrors, surrounded by a family plagued by ghosts and demons and things that go bump in the night. But after the sudden and tragic death of her mother two years ago, death has never felt so personal. Or so close. Now eighteen, Ada is trying to move on with her life and the last month of summer holds nothing but sunshine and promises with her first year at a Portland design school just around the bend. That is until her increasingly violent and realistic dreams, dreams of other worlds, of portals and veils where her mother is tortured and souls bleed for mercy, start to blend into reality. Ada has to lean on her older sister, Perry, to try and make sense of it all but even then, she's never felt more alone. Then there's Jay. Tall, handsome and deeply mysterious, Jay would be just another stranger, a familiar face on the bus, if it wasn't for the fact that Ada has met him before. Every night. In every single dream. And the more that Ada is drawn to him in both worlds, the more she's in danger of losing everything. Including her heart. And her very soul. Then, out of nowhere: “You looked beautiful tonight, by the way.” Oh jeez. Be still my fucking heart. I try and swallow, his words, the sincerity in his voice rocking my world off-balance. “Which part? When the power went out or when Jacob went upstairs to fight a demon?” I joke. But I joke because I’m feeling this a little too much. “All of it. You know why I call you Princess?” he asks, his tone graver than before, like he’s letting me in on a very deep secret. “Because I’m a spoiled brat?” “Because you’re beautiful.” Well that shut me up. The sentence hangs in the air, larger than life. He clears his throat and goes on and I have to fight against the urge to roll over and face him. “You have this way about you. You don’t see it. But I do. Like you’re born royalty. The way you hold yourself. Your walk. The face of an angel.” Butterflies take flight in my gut, spreading through my veins until my whole body feels like its floating. “Why are you being so nice to me? Am I going to die?” He laughs softly. “I don’t know why I’m saying these things. Just seemed like the things to say. You’re destined for something great, Ada, I know this. And it’s an honor to help see you through it.” His words cascade down on me like ashes from a fire. Where they land, I’m ignited. Jay thinks I’m beautiful. And more than that, he believes in me. Silence settles over us, stealing time. I hear him breathing in the dark, steady as a heartbeat. He might even be sleeping. But I can’t even begin to shut down. My entire body, from the top of my scalp, down to my toes, is buzzing with heat and electricity. It’s like everything I felt for him before, everything I try to ignore, is coming out in full force, responding to his words, to his body so close to mine. I can feel the warmth at my back, sinking into my spine, just from his presence only. I’m starting to have feelings for him. Not just in a he’s a giant hulking beast who’s here to protect me from the underworld way. But real feelings, slowly creeping into my heart, day by day. The thought is terrifying in the same way that demons are terrifying. They both might take possession of me. They both might ruin me. And I’m not sure how much of me I’ll have left. QUESTIONS ABOUT VEILED Q: Is this YA? A: No. The main character is 18 and there is sex, crude language and violence in the book. It is recommended for mature teens or 18 and up. Q: Is there a cliffhanger? A: Nope! There's also no cheating and no love triangle (think I've covered the bases there!) Q: Do I need to read the series (Experiment in Terror) that Veiled is a spinoff of first? A: Absolutely not. Veiled stands alone. You do not need to have read the EIT series beforehand as this follows a different character (Ada Palomino) and a different storyline. However for those who have read EIT, all your favorites are in the book! Q: Is it horror? Your other series was and I don't handle scary very well... A: No, it's paranormal romance (though I promise you there are no vampires or werewolves), and while there are creepy elements to the story, it wouldn't be classified as horror. If you can read KMM's Fever Series or ANY urban fantasy, you'll be fine. Karina Halle is a former travel writer and music journalist and The New York Times, Wall Street Journal and USA Today Bestselling author of The Pact, Racing the Sun, Sins & Needles and over 25 other wild and romantic reads. She lives on an island off the coast of British Columbia with her husband and her rescue pup, where she drinks a lot of wine, hikes a lot of trails and devours a lot of books. Halle is represented by the Waxman Leavell Agency and is both self-published and published by Simon & Schuster and Hachette in North America and in the UK. Hit her up on Instagram at @authorHalle, on Twitter at @MetalBlonde and on Facebook. You can also visit www.authorkarinahalle.com and sign up for the newsletter for news, excerpts, previews, private book signing sales and more. FACEBOOK TWITTER GOODREADS AMAZON AUTHOR PAGE Posted by The Phantom Paragrapher at 9:20 PM 1 comment: Labels: 2016 Releases, Death, Demons, Interviews, Karina Halle, Pyschological, Release Day Blitz, Romantic Suspense, Teasers I'll Get You Excerpt Reveal - Sam Rule and Kelli Peters Today we have the excerpt reveal of I’ll Get You by Sam Rule and Kelli Peters. I’m super excited to be sharing this new book with you—check out the excerpt and giveaway, and be sure to grab your copy! About I’ll Get You: PTA president Kelli Peters had a normal, happy life in Orange County, California, where she volunteered at her daughter’s school, carpooled, and took care of her family. When a school parent angrily accused Kelli of keeping her son waiting during the afterschool pick-up, it appeared to be a simple confrontation with an overprotective mother. Kelli soon learned, however, that she was the target of a twisted plot against her that involved drugs, lies, schemes, and a campaign to ruin her life. The vendetta led to reputations tarnished, careers lost, secret lives uncovered, two parents in jail, families destroyed, and a $5.7 million dollar civil judgment. “I’ll Get You!” Drugs, Lies, and the Terrorizing of a PTA Mom is the true story of an ordinary American woman who survived an evil conspiracy that turned her life upside down and shook her hometown to its core. Amazon |Barnes and Noble | Google Play | Kobo Exclusive Excerpt When describing Orange County, people often say that those who live there exist “behind the Orange curtain.” This describes the sense that one is leaving the frenetic pace of Los Angeles and entering the Land of Oz. Irvine is a city known for its seeming perfection, with its pristine, clean streets and manicured lawns. As a master-planned community, everything caters to those who wish to bring their children up in a safe, tranquil place. There are green belts, community pools, brand-new shopping centers, and well-maintained gas stations on accessible corners. The community is known for its excellent schools. For example, University High in Irvine, a gold medal school, was recently voted one of the best high schools in the country by U.S. News. The average home price in Irvine is $780,000, according to Zillow in June of 2016. Even townhomes look like resorts, with beautiful pools, landscaped gardens, and workout rooms. The blonde woman who exited the PT Cruiser, Kelli Peters, was thankful to be able to live and raise her daughter in a place like Irvine. Sometimes she couldn’t believe her good fortune to be able to provide a desirable suburban life for her daughter, despite not being a person of wealth. She and her husband lived in a modest apartment and watched every penny so she could stay home with Sydnie. As a parent volunteer, Kelli got to spend her afternoons at the school with her daughter and the other sweet children who attended Plaza Vista Elementary School. For a mom who loved kids, what could be better than that? Kelli headed through the parking lot toward the school. She was looking forward to her afternoon, as she always did when she arrived at Plaza Vista, her second home. As coordinator for the afterschool classroom enrichment program, or ACE, she had a lot to do. She looked after a multitude of kids, all enrolled in a variety of programs, from cooking to tennis. She was responsible for making sure everything ran well and that the children were happy and cared for. She also helped the teachers in whatever capacity they needed her. Kelli’s favorite program was the one she oversaw directly, the art program that was funded by the PTA. She was partial to this program because her daughter loved art and had been immersed in it since she was a young child. Kelli loved getting the art supplies ready every day for the students, setting up the classroom, and seeing the eager faces of the children as they entered through the doors. She never tired of greeting them or giving them hugs. She never tired of helping them learn about art. Most of all, Kelli loved being able to spend time with her ten-year-old daughter, Sydnie. She adored all of the kids in the program, but getting to hang out with her little girl was the highlight of her day. She’d begun volunteering when Syd was in kindergarten, and now here it was, five years later. She knew just about everyone: kids, parents, and administrators alike. There was a reason Plaza Vista Elementary School had become like a family to Kelli and her daughter. As Kelli headed into the building, her heart ballooned with joy. Life seemed perfect at that moment. Sure, she had problems like everyone else, but nothing she couldn’t manage. She was happily married, had a close relationship with her parents, enjoyed the company of many good friends, worked in a fulfilling volunteer position where she felt valued and needed, and got to spend time with her beautiful little girl every day. She had everything she needed. Little did Kelli know that in a few short moments, her life was about to change forever. ******** Sam Rule Sam Rule is the pseudonym for a New York Times and USA Today Bestselling author of 75 books. His books have been translated into multiple languages around the world. He enjoys writing stories about fascinating people that capture public interest. He also enjoys a fine Malbec when the situation arises. Kelli Peters Kelli Peters is a mother, wife, PTA volunteer, animal lover, people lover, kid lover, and life lover. She has been with her beloved husband for 30 years and talks to her parents every day. Her greatest joy is spending time with family, friends, and children. She loves walking her dogs and going to the beach. One of her greatest achievements, besides raising her daughter, has been surviving a campaign of terror that almost destroyed her life. She is a testament to what the human spirit can endure with the support of community, friends, and family. She is forever grateful to the people who stood by her. Enter Sam & Kelli’s Giveaway: Labels: 2016 Release, Book Excerpts, Bullying, Competitions, Drugs, InkSlinger PR, Law, Legal Thriller, Non Fiction, PTA, Scandal, Schools, True Crime Amy Hale with the Today's release of Letters From Jayson. Letters From Jayson Amy Hale iBooks: http://apple.co/2awWwDD BN: http://bit.ly/2ah2Uxb Kobo: http://bit.ly/29ZEcSX Lindsey is ready for a change. Shallow relationships and a dead end job have left her longing for more, so when a rare, but difficult opportunity presents itself for a promotion and temporary change of scenery, she jumps at the chance to try something new. Jayson wants a quiet place to finish his current project. With one missed deadline behind him, he doesn’t have time for distractions and interruptions. When Lindsey temporarily moves into a beach house owned by her best friend’s fiancé, she finds that it’s already occupied… by Jayson. To him, she’s a nuisance and a distraction from his work. To her, he’s a conceited and bossy obstacle . Both annoyed at this unavoidable situation, they agree to make the most of their predicament and try to co-exist in peace until their work is done. But Lindsey and Jayson quickly learn there is a fine line between love and hate. Is it really possible to love someone that makes you so crazy? Letters From Jayson is heartfelt comedy about finding love and forgiveness in the midst of chaos. Facebook ~ Twitter ~ Website ~ Goodreads Pintrest ~ Instagram ~ Tsu Amy Hale is a best selling author, mother, and wife living in Southern Illinois. Her husband and kids are the center of her universe, although her cat believes otherwise. She also loves reading, music, and photography. Amy started her writing career in 2003 with non-fiction and educational pieces, but decided to take the leap to fiction in 2014. Her whiteboard is full of crazy ideas and she's always plotting new projects. She's a hopeless romantic and adores all the various ways a love story can be told. Amy also loves comedy, mystery, suspense, and other action filled stories, so her goal is to blend action and fun in with the romance and keep you on your toes. Labels: 2016 Release, Book Trailers, Contemporary Romance, Letters, Love/Hate Relationship, Red Coat PR, Relationships, Release Day Blitz A one-night stand. That’s all Ashlyn Shepherd is to me. I’ve spent the last five years trying to convince myself that statement is true. But saying it doesn’t make it so. She’s the one who slipped away in the middle of the night. The one who—after only one night together—took my heart when she left. Literally, she’s the one who got away. I hate the way she consumes my every thought, even after all this time. I hate the way I dream of her every night. I hate the way I look for her in every crowd. But mostly I hate how I can’t forget her. Not even a little bit. We were separated by cruel circumstances and now fate has returned her to me. But everything has changed. She isn’t that carefree girl I met five years ago. I see so much pain behind her eyes. So much uncertainty. But one thing remains unchanged. I still want her. She. Will. Be. Mine. Jade Sinner is two friends, two New York Times bestselling authors, and two chicks with a secret. We like to write sexy, dirty books—the kind of books that would make both of our mothers blush. Since we don't want to see that across the Thanksgiving dinner table, we came together and created Jade. If you have a secret too—if you like to read books that make you not only blush but flush—if you like quick reads, hot guys, naughty love stories, super-steamy sex scenes, and the promise of always having an HEA (Happily Ever After) then we have the books for you. We won't tell your secret if you don't tell ours... Then again, if you like our books and you don't mind telling the world about our dirty little secret, by all means, please, share! We promise to keep writing until we have enough to keep you and your friends busy with bookgasms late into the night! You're welcome! FACEBOOK | NEWSLETTER Labels: 2016 Release, InkSlinger PR, Jade Sinner, Must Read, One Night Stand, Panties, Reckless, Release Day Blitz, Romantic Comedy, Sex, Teasers Review: Fool For You - Book #1 Crush on You Series - Rina Gray - July 2016 Melanie Foster's life is now on track and she seems to be getting everything she has ever wanted - the best job working for bomb.com after working her way up through a chain of sport journalists and proving that though she is a female she is great at her job , the only thing missing from her life is a husband and she has the perfect guy in mind. For years Melanie has crushed on her best friend Damien but has always been too shy to do anything about it. Now she has a plan in mind and a goal to set her mind on titled Operation : I'm Gonna Make You Love Me , the goal is to get Damien to discover that his feelings of friendship are in fact unrepressed love and that he can't live without her. The thing is though that someone has beaten Melanie to the goal and now she must work ten times harder to get Damien to realise that Melanie is his "one". Damien has been dating the boss's daughter for the last couple of months and dating is a loose term as he isn't looking to settle down but when an organisation he cares deeply about is in financial trouble and the only way to save them is to strike a deal with his boss who also by the way is dying. Damien agrees and suddenly finds himself engaged to Vanessa- the boss's daughter. Is Damien ready to marry Vanessa though and can he see a future with her ? What will happen when he suddenly has two women vying for his attention - one he knows that deep down he loves and cares about and the other that will save an organisation dear to his heart and has helped and will continue to help many more ? Will Damien follow his heart or his head ? Will he go with practical and logic over true love and romance ? Find out which girl will win Damien's hand in marriage and be the one walking down the aisle with him in the first book in a new series "Crush on You" . Book #1 Fool For You by Rina Gray. Posted by The Phantom Paragrapher at 12:30 AM No comments: Labels: 2016 Reading Challenge, 2016 Release, 3 P's, African American, Barclay Publicity, Contemporary Romance, Drama, Edgy Content, Family Saga, Journalism, Netgalley, Sports, Virtual Book Tours Title: Only Fools Jump Author: K.P. Haigh Only fools jump...and Zoey Porter is no fool. At least not anymore. One tiny mistake when she was eighteen led to two very real consequences—the kind that keep you up all night and demand breakfast in the morning. The only thing Zoey has time for these days is dry shampoo, energy bars, and that magical photo filter that erases the circles under her eyes. So when Elliott MacCallister knocks on the door like a #nofilternecessary god, Zoey knows she’s in serious trouble. With Elliott as the newly-minted resident of her boss’s pool house, keeping her distance is easier said than done. Time to stock up on wine, cookies, and a portable fan. This summer just got complicated. Only Fools Jump is like cotton candy for your soul—light and sweet. It’s a full length, standalone romantic comedy. It’ll be impossible to stop smiling after you devour this perfect summer read. Recommended for 18+ due to language and some sexual content. Elliott finally looks back at me from his spot near the glass door that faces the marbled water. For someone who looks so put together, who comes off as confident and relaxed, there’s something tucked deep in there that’s broken. I wish I could fix it. I wish trying to fix it wasn’t such a risky proposition. “I don’t think there was very much about what I did that was brave.” He shakes his head. “I just ran fast—from things, toward things—until I couldn’t any more, and now I’m here, crashing at my sister’s pool house.” I never would have guessed that hidden under that easy bravado was shame, but it’s as clear as the crease between his eyebrows. I want to press my lips to that wrinkled sliver of skin, but life isn’t a fairytale. I can’t make his problems disappear with a kiss. Whatever they are, he’s going to have to work through them piece by piece. I know a little something about that deep-in-the-trenches work. “It’s not as bad as the voice in your head is telling you it is.” Elliott wraps his hand around the back of his neck and strains his head back with a deep exhale. “You don’t know that.” I shake my head in disagreement. “Whatever it is, I know you’re a good person.” Elliott’s eyebrow ticks up and his gaze intensifies. I feel like I might disintegrate. “Even if I am, I don’t always do the right thing.” His voice is husky, and I get the feeling we’re not talking about the problems that led him here any more. I blink quickly. Maybe I’m imagining it. “What makes you say that?” “I think about you more than a good person should.” My mouth goes completely dry. I’m not imagining it. I should run away from this conversation, like I’m the virgin in a horror film. They always get screwed—and not in a good way—but I’m drawn in. I can’t stop myself. “You do?” It’s as much a confirmation as it is a question. Elliott pushes off against the door frame and takes a step toward me, his hand still wrapped behind his head. “Yeah, I do.” He swallows slowly. “I like you. A good person would walk away and leave you alone, but I’m two steps away from kissing you—and damn, I really want to.” K.P. Haigh joined the adult world as a project manager. After spending years in spreadsheets, she put her love of blank notebooks to good use and started spinning words into love stories. In a perfect world, K.P. would have a never-ending supply of coffee, carbs, and sticky notes. She corners the market on ridiculous facial expressions and is happiest when she's cooking for people or making them laugh. She’s always up for crispy French fries and can’t wait for self-driving cars to take over the world so she can read on her way to everywhere. K.P. lives in Seattle with the man who loves her crazy and their son, who inherited half of it. Facebook | Instagram | Website | Goodreads Labels: 2016 Release, Book Excerpts, Contemporary Romance, Fools, Must Read, R18 read, Release Day Blitz, Romantic Comedy, Southern Belle Promotions, Sweet, Teasers LIES & LULLABIES by Courtney Lane Genre: Dark Romance | Thriller — SYNOPSIS — On the weekends, she’s Sugar, a woman free of the pretty prison constructed by her domineering father, who combs the dangerous streets in search of something she never quite finds. During the week, she’s Simone, the good girl and the illegitimate daughter of the most powerful and hated man in Los Angeles. Catch—aptly named for his “career” choice—is a man shrouded in mystery with one dangerous purpose. After a whirlwind encounter, Catch draws Simone into his dark and tangled web. A dangerous game ensues, lives are lost, truths are exposed, and one man may shatter the foundation of a powerful organization on the brink of extinction. The game of truth or dare won't end until Catch and Simone strip each other of their façades and uncover the reality of who they were, and who they are fated to become. AMAZON US | AMAZON UK | B&N | iTUNES | KOBO Sign up for Courtney Lane's newsletter below! http://eepurl.com/bzZqEn — ABOUT THE AUTHOR — COURTNEY LANE has been creating her own little world since she was very young. When she was eight years old, she began to bring her worlds to life with a pen and paper. While many of her works touch several different genres, she has an archetype when it comes to the female protagonists in her stories — they have to have certain brand of strength, be deeply flawed, and harbor layered personalities. In her books you will find themes that reflect the darker side of life with a tremendous amount of depth and complexity. She also has an affinity for characters that aren't necessarily the girl or boy next door, or the people you'd encounter in everyday life. In other words, she prefers to explore characters who aren't easy to fall in love with. Currently, Courtney can be found either working on her next book, playing the latest role-playing game on her X-Box (preferably a game by Bioware), or spending time with her family. WEBSITE | TWITTER | FACEBOOK | READER GROUP Email: AuthorCourtneyLane@gmail.com ════ GIVEAWAY ════ Labels: 2016 Release, Competitions, Dark Romance, HEA Tours, Release Day Blitz, Teasers, Thrillers BOOMERANG by E.M. Denning Labels: 2016 Release, Book Excerpts, Magic of Books, R18 read, Release Day Blitz, Stepbrotherly Love, Teasers Review: The Proverbial Mr. Universe - Maria La Serra - June 2016 I am a sucker for true romance stories and have a thing for the personal ads section, when I was younger I loved reading the personal ads and the missed connections. I haven't read them in a long time as I don't really read newspapers anymore and when I was younger my parents used to buy a magazine called the Trade Exchange which had a list of them in the back. As soon as I opened The Proverbial Mr. Universe we are presented with a small Missed Connections Ad addressed to the :Girl in the Red Scarf. We readers wonder whether the two finally met or whether the girl in the red scarf saw the piece even before we start the story. This I found drew me in as a reader . We then start with the story and discover that The Girl with the Red Scarf is already in a solid or so we think relationship as they are at her engagement party. During the engagement party, we get hints that the relationship is standing on rocky ground and that's when we readers, have a inkling of hope that she will find her guy from the Missed Connections ad and live a HEA. During the novel , we finally discover the Girl with the Red Scarf's name - Olivia and as the story flips through the pages, she finds her courage and dumps her cheating fiance and from then on starts to recieve little notes from someone only known as "Mr .Universe" . They are encouraging pieces of advice which help Olivia grow and reminded me of the letters in PS I Love You. During this time, Olivia meets Nick who is her complete opposite and not normally her type of guy but he starts to grow on her and at times you wonder if he is Mr.Universe but then Maria La Serra chucks a twist in there which gets you thinking that someone else is Mr. Universe. If you love Fate and Destiny /Missed Connections type love stories , then you will love The Proverbial Mr.Universe as it is one of those sweet, feel-good type stories where though the characters have their up's and down's and obstacles - you are filled with hope that everything as Mr. Universe would say " Ends up as it should". Labels: 2016 Reading Challenge, 2016 Release, 5 P's, Contemporary Romance, Destiny, Fate, Letters, Missed Connections, Netgalley, Personal Ads, Proverbs, Second Chances, True Love, Virtual Book Tours, Xpresso Book Tours

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Benjamin Garcia: The Duke of Downey Written By Rafik Vardanyan Downey legend Benjamin Garcia has had the luxury to grow up in the beautiful city of Los Angeles since his early days of life. Coming from a family of ten as the second oldest, Ben has had his fair share of dealing with younger children. As a result, it has helped him become the relaxed gentleman that he is today. Even as an architecture student at Woodbury University, Benjamin is able to remain level-headed and focus on the task at hand. Stress isn’t a part of this man’s life, and that’s one of the many reasons why he is such a fun and positive person to be around. Benjamin had the ideal childhood: he played sports, did well in his academics, was well-behaved, got along with his peers, and was raised by great parents. Something amazing about Ben’s family is that they took care of many foster children. Ben’s mother was eventually diagnosed with lupus, which led to her depression. As a form of distraction, the family began taking care of kids from troubled families. To this day, their family has housed over 30 children, 5 of whom were adopted. Unfortunately, Ben’s family had to cut connections with all the foster children they had taken care of after they were taken into permanent homes. “We loved each and every child we took care of. One I’ll never forget was named Lucas, who I believe was four years old when he first came to our house. He knew only two words: “mom” and “ball”.” While he stayed with Ben’s family, Lucas went through a massive transformation; his limited language was a barrier in his temporary growth, but they motivated him to push forward, and soon enough he was speaking full-ranged sentences that the family was surprised to find out he even knew to begin with. Ben’s parents found joy in helping others, and their example inspired Ben to do the same throughout his life. He kept himself busy with school, sports, family, and his hobbies. As a child, Ben was always either drawing, building Lego models, or playing video games. He often decorated his bedroom combining train sets, Lego blocks, and Hot Wheels tracks to create miniature cities. Even at a young age, Ben had a growing interest in architecture without even realizing it. One of Ben’s greatest passions is his love for baseball. He began playing the sport when he first moved from South Gate to Downey at the age of five. There, Ben met his front door neighbour who happened to be the same age as him. They often played baseball together in the street, and before they knew it, they played for the same baseball team at a park league. Ever since Ben continued to play the sport all throughout middle and high school until he ran into an unfortunate circumstance. At the age of fifteen, Ben was diagnosed with Glaucoma, a severe eye condition that has the potential to cause blindness. It became so detrimental to his life that he had to undergo seven eye surgeries. “I remember waiting before each surgery wondering if everything was going to be okay,” he says. “I began preparing myself for a life without being able to see. Thankfully, my doctor took really good care of me and was there every single step of the way. I owe my life to Joann Giaconi.” Luckily, the surgeries were successful, but they prevented Ben from doing many normal teenage activities. As a result, Ben had plenty of free time to ponder and figure out his direction in life. He could not stop thinking about baseball, so he began drawing imaginary baseball stadiums practically every single day. This was when he discovered his newfound love for design and architecture.​ “I remember waiting before each surgery wondering if everything was going to be okay. I began preparing myself for a life without being able to see." During senior year of high school, Ben took an architectural drafting class, where his teacher, Mr Redfox, recognized his talent and took him under his wing. From there, Redfox mentored Ben and provided some incredible opportunities that allowed Ben to find his path. Redfox encouraged Ben to compete in architecture competitions against many other schools in Los Angeles. “Mr Redfox showed me a photograph of ‘Falling Water’, a house made by the world-famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright, and said ‘Pretend I am a client and ask if you could design a house similar to this one’. I loved everything about the house and after drawing sketches every opportunity I could, I had come up with a design I wanted to pursue the competition.” Mr Redfox motivated Ben to allow his talent to shine, which lead to him to winning three first-place prizes. Ben was also selected by Redfox himself to help design the 2012 Downey Rose Parade float. “Mr Redfox was part of the Rose Parade association for my city and helps build the city float. That year, he asked me to come up with some designs for a tropically themed float. One of the designs I came up with had a waterslide, and he liked it so much that he presented it to the rest of the team. They all had positive feedback, so they decided to include the waterslide in the float.” Ben was ecstatic about the fact that his ideas were implemented into such a grand moment in the city’s history. ​​“Mr Redfox… I owe a lot to this man. If it wasn’t for him, I don’t know what I would have done moving forward after high school. I always knew I was going to do something in the field of art but all I considered at the time was becoming an artist or looking into automobile design. But, he introduced me to the world of architecture and challenged me along the way. This man gave me the confidence to run with my imagination and simply made it fun to learn architecture.” On top of all that, Mr Redfox recommended Woodbury University as Ben’s next chapter in life.​​ “…He introduced me to the world of architecture and challenged me along the way. This man gave me the confidence to run with my imagination and simply made it fun to learn architecture.” Before Ben enrolled at Woodbury, he took two years of community college while coaching baseball for his little brother’s youth baseball team. Many of the baseball games that occurred throughout the seasons took place in various parts of Southern California, which exposed Ben to many cities within the South and East sides of Los Angeles. “What I’m going to miss the most apart from the competition is waking up at 6 AM to drive down to a city I’ve never been to.” According to Ben, each city seemed to have its own architectural style. He enjoyed the feeling of exploring parts of Southern California he had not been to. To Ben, his car was his ship, and the cities were undiscovered islands. At his current age of twenty-four, Benjamin has accomplished many feats and has overcome several obstacles to stand in his place today. He now attends Woodbury University, where he consistently impresses his professors with his outstanding body of work. He is scheduled to graduate in 2019, after which he plans to intern at one of the many world-renowned firms such as HKS, Gensler, or Meis Architects. “Throughout my life, I’ve come to realize that not everything goes according to plan. However, if I continue to live each day like it’s my last, my path will unveil itself before me.” ​“Throughout my life, I’ve come to realize that not everything goes according to plan. However, if I continue to live each day like it’s my last, my path will unveil itself before me.”​

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United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) deplores the ever-increasing attacks on Airports available for use by civilians in Western Libya The United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) deplores the ever-increasing and systemic attacks on airports in western Libya, including Zuwara and Mitiga. These attacks have endangered the lives of thousands of civilian travelers, including UN staff and humanitarian workers. Mitiga airport is the only functioning airport in the greater Tripoli area available for use by hundreds of thousands of civilians and for the delivery of humanitarian assistance. The latest of these despicable attacks against civilian targets was the indiscriminate shelling of Mitiga airport yesterday, which reportedly killed an airport staffer, wounded another, and caused material damage resulting in the closure of the airport for a number of hours today. This led to a severe disruption in airport operations and left hundreds of passengers stranded. Overnight, there was an LNA-declared airstrike on Zuwara airport, a civilian facility, which caused damage to the airport infrastructure. UNSMIL stresses that these attacks must cease immediately, and reiterates that airports used by civilians are not military targets. The Mission reminds the parties to the conflict that all feasible precautions must be taken to protect the civilian population in accordance with international human rights and humanitarian laws and that failure to do may constitute a crime of war. Distributed by APO Group on behalf of United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL).

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Geu-mul Kim Ki-duk Ryoo Seung-bum Lee Won-geun Kim Young-min Choi Gwi-hwa Son Min-suk Park Ji-il Lee Na-ra Story: Nam Cheol-woo (Ryoo Seung-bum) lives in North Korea as a simple fisherman. One day, he takes his boat to go fishing, as he always does, but this time his motor breaks down when his net gets entangled in it. Slowly, he starts to drift towards the South Korean border. Because he waves in panic at the North Korean soldiers on the shore, they don't shoot him. But when he reaches South Korea, real problems start to arise. He is captured and interrogated. His interrogator (Kim Young-min) is completely convinced that Cheol-woo is a spy. His superiors are not so sure about that, but they cannot let him return into his country just like that either. While the young agent Jin-woo (Lee Won-geun) is convinced of Cheol-woo's innocence and believes his story, Cheol-woo is still interrogated under inhumane conditions. Jin-woo is supposed to watch the fisherman and starts to take more and more pity on him because Cheol-woo just wants to return home to his wife and kid. While Cheol-woo's interrogator is bent on convicting the fisherman of being a spy, no matter what, his superiors try to think of a way to make Cheol-woo defect to South Korea. They bring him to downtown Seoul and abandon him there, so that he can get an impression of South Korea's wealth and therefore hopefully decides to live there. But the fisherman is unimpressed by capitalism and escapes his observers. Now, his interrogator has good reason to accuse him of being a spy... Review: For director Kim Ki-Duk water has a strong metaphorical meaning. So does fishing, you just have to think of "The Isle" or "The Bow". In "The Net", the river drives a fisherman to the South. Criticism on capitalism as in "Pieta" is inevitable. In fact, the movie turns out to be a socio-critical drama, which does not only criticize the South. Instead, North and South are portrayed like two mirror images and the ridiculously motivated pain that the fisherman has to endure and which is shown to us through a more childlike and naive perspective makes us realize that an ideology is still an ideology even if you are on the "good" side. But there is no good side for the fisherman, anyway. As soon as he floats across the boarder, he falls victim to two opposing ideas of state leadership. It is nice to see that Kim Ki-Duk is still good for a surprise here and there. For instance, there is a lot of talking in "The Net", which is why the characters are more accessible. This is also why the movie does not have the typical art-house-flair, which in the past director Kim always knew how to use in order to win over foreign press at film festivals. Nevertheless, his movie was part of the Venice International Film Festival this time, as well. However, now the movie addresses more of a Korean audience. There are patriotic hymns, the search for spies takes a paranoid turn, promises are made in order to lure North Koreans over to the other side etc. But all this has a rather naive aftertaste. Nativity is a key word if you want to describe "The Net". In a positive as well as in a negative way. Let's start with the more positive aspects. The fisherman sees the world in a simple way, almost through the eyes of an innocent child. Even after he has already learned that he cannot trust his torturer, he still believes all the promises made to him. This kind of world view makes the audience see Korea's serious problems through the eyes of a child and that makes everything seem somewhat ridiculous, but also sad at the same time. The act of trying to understand the different ideologies seems bound to fail. This kind of naivety makes the events on screen have a deep impact on us. But this is just one side of the story. This naivety, which accompanies you throughout the entire movie, also makes you ask the question whether Cheol-woo is actually a well-written character. The answer is: No. He passes on a message from a spy to that man's daughter and seriously believes that it is just a poem. In addition, he never really realizes in what kind of predicament he got himself into. Towards the end, he even makes a few or at least one big mistake which makes us ask ourselves why he only tells the truth bit by bit, especially when he is in the North and could even benefit from the truth. But it is not just the characters who pose a problem here. For instance, there is the fact that the superior agent does not believe that Cheol-woo is a spy, but still lets the interrogator continue torturing him and simply does not take a stand. Kim Ki-Duk is not the best scriptwriter. And this gets clear whenever he does not let the pictures speak for themselves, but the protagonists. The dialogue isn't really profound and some of the motives are used one time too many. Moreover, the director is not subtle when he presents us the different kinds of problems of both countries. There's Cheol-woo's coincidental encounter with a prostitute, for instance, which shows us that in a rich country like South Korea women have to sell their bodies to make ends meet. All well and good, but contrary to his usual narrative technique, the director makes his main character say these things out loud quite obviously. And that's what destroys the magic of a typical Kim Ki-Duk scene. In general, the images take a backseat in this movie and this affects "The Net" badly. Admittedly, there are some pictures especially in the North, but also in a South Korean mall, which embrace some kind of movie magic, but still not as much as you are used to from the director. But maybe the problem is just that the drama gives you little room to think. Everything gets said far too clearly and the characters are too stereotypical. Nevertheless, Ryoo Seung-bum ("The Berlin File") gives his character some kind of intensity, which almost makes you forget some of the weaknesses within the elaboration of the character. To bring out the best in his cast is one of the director's strengths. In the end, the criticism might seem harsher than necessary. But this is just how it is with Kim's movies. The childlike eyes through which we see the world's horrors are the reason why we sometimes feel deeply touched by what we see, but are also the reason why at other times we can merely muster up a weary sigh. "The Net" does not simply leave you cold, but the drama does not break your heart, either. For that, the topic is just far too familiar. Due to its almost parodistic touch, you can overlook the lack of subtlety, though, and "The Net" can in parts still be called a well-done drama.

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Laboratory Systems & Standards: Building the Foundation for Quality Testing Posted on April 21, 2010 in Laboratory Systems and Standards with No Comments on Laboratory Systems & Standards: Building the Foundation for Quality Testing In honor of Laboratory Professional Week, APHL would like to highlight some of the activities that it conducts on behalf of members. The Laboratory Systems and Standards (LSS) program works with public health and laboratory partners to build the foundation for quality testing: comprehensive standards and integrated public health laboratory systems. Vaccine-Preventable Disease Project As the incidence of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (VPD) decreases in the US, the capacity and capability of state and local public health laboratories to perform VPD testing has declined, becoming increasingly inconsistent. While some labs are quite proficient in VPD testing, others are eliminating testing altogether. However, timely and accurate diagnosis of VPDs is essential to identify and control outbreaks and to provide the information needed to improve vaccines and vaccination programs. To address gaps in testing capacity for VPDs, APHL was recently awarded funding through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) to provide training programs and quality improvement activities for VPD testing in public health laboratories. The association is partnering with CDC to develop and present these programs. The first initiative is a series of teleconferences targeted to public health laboratorians. To date, CDC subject matter experts have presented new diagnostic testing methods for several VPDs, including Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough), Streptococcus pneumoniae, measles virus and mumps virus. The mumps educational teleconferences have been especially timely in light of the ongoing mumps outbreak in the northeastern United States. State public health lab staff are being trained in the new mumps assay developed at CDC. Access to this assay will enhance patient diagnosis and epidemiological investigations in participating states. In response to a recent survey of public health labs’ training needs for VPDs, more trainings and quality improvement activities are planned, including hands-on workshops, proficiency testing exercises and assay comparison studies. By working together on these activities, APHL and CDC look forward to helping public health laboratories to improve their capability to quickly and accurately detect cases of VPDs. Voluntary Accreditation Program “Continuous quality improvement” is part of the laboratorian’s credo. Assays and equipment must meet precise quality standard before they can be utilized in the laboratory. Now APHL is developing voluntary standards specific to public health laboratories that will be used to assess the quality of the laboratory itself and specifically its operations and functions. These new standards will not supplant CLIA, but be used as a complement to the federal regulation. The accreditation program will be voluntary, and will integrate standards from existing domestic and international sources as well as those outlined in the Core Functions of Public Health Laboratories. Incorporation of the public health laboratory standards will be proposed to the Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB) for incorporation into their accreditation process. Accreditation will signify that the laboratory has met agreed-upon standards of quality and that it ascribes to them as a measure of its services. APHL is convening a Think Tank with PHAB at the end of April to discuss how the program should look, be structured, and what elements should be included in such a partnership. Information from the Think Tank will be shared with membership on the APHL web site and through reports in Lab Matters. Laboratory System Improvement Program (L-SIP) Assessment To make it easier for labs to find quality improvement and performance-related materials, APHL provides a one-stop-shop for resources to improve the quality of state public health laboratory systems. One of those tools is the Laboratory System Improvement Program (L-SIP) assessment tool. During an L-SIP assessment, representatives of the state public health laboratory system and partners convene to assess the performance of state public health laboratory system. This program provides a user-friendly process, including a performance assessment tool for assessing and establishing a baseline measure of performance. Most recently, South Dakota has scheduled our Laboratory System Improvement Assessment for April 29th. We have closely followed the recommendations of the APHL L-SIP Assessment Tool User’s Guide, a document that walks the coordinators through the assessment preparation process and includes sample materials such as letters to participants and agendas. For this lab and the others who utilize the L-SIP assessment tool, they find that it offers a means for strengthening relationships with public health, clinical and other laboratories and partners that comprise the broader laboratory system, as well as a framework for continuous improvement of public health laboratory systems. We are looking forward to convening our system partners later this month to discuss our state public health laboratory system and what we can do to improve it. What Exactly Does the Shutdown Mean for Public Health? Sign me up to get updates in my inbox.

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Displaying items by tag: United States New tracks for Nagorno-Karabakh conflict resolution: separate tasks, complementary missions for Russia and the OSCE Minsk Group? By Zaur Shiriyev September 12th, 2016, The CACI Analyst In the wake of the St. Petersburg meeting, it has become clear that two, distinct peace processes are in play. The OSCE Minsk Group is creating a technical conflict prevention mechanism, while Russia is leading a conflict resolution process. However, while they may appear distinct – and therefore potentially conflicting – these parallel tracks are complementary. The phantom menace of ISIS in Northern Afghanistan By Franz J. Marty September 8th, 2016, The CACI Analyst Many accounts allege that the terrorist organization known as the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) has expanded to northern Afghanistan and intends to infiltrate Central Asia from there. Taking a closer look, however, it becomes apparent that virtually all such claims lack a sound foundation and that the remaining, more specific hints like reported sightings of black flags also stand on shaky ground. Consequentially, and contrary to the eastern parts of Afghanistan, there is no compelling evidence of a presence of the self-styled Caliphate in northern Afghanistan and, hence, also no immediate threat to Central Asia. Wednesday, 24 August 2016 00:00 NATO summit makes progress with problems By Richard Weitz August 24th, 2016, The CACI Analyst NATO’s Warsaw summit on July 8-9 made progress in strengthening Baltic security, enhancing the alliance’s counterterrorism and cyber defense capabilities, and strengthening relations with the European Union (EU). But the alliance has still not solved the challenge of ensuring the security of non-member states, including Afghanistan as well the countries of Central Asia and the South Caucasus. A “historic” moment in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict? By Elman Gafarov July 29th, 2016, The CACI Analyst 2016 has become the year of most active peace talks on Nagorno-Karabakh conflict since its cease-fire in 1994. The reason is the deadly April clashes between the warring sides and the “wake-up” call to all mediators that the conflict can get out of control and cause serious damage to the regional security and stability in South Caucasus. Russia is particularly seen to be worried about this trend. Therefore, the high-level talks are held in an effort to change the status-quo on the ground and end the occupation of Azerbaijani territories. The positive trend can be nevertheless be derailed due to social and political unrest in Yerevan. Afghanistan risks water conflict with Iran By Sudha Ramachandran Afghanistan’s damming of the Harirud River could boost agriculture and industry in the country. However, the resulting reduction in water flow to Iran could contribute to a deterioration of relations with Tehran. Afghanistan and Iran can no longer delay a dialogue on how to share the waters of the Harirud. Afghanistan has previously blamed its reluctance to engage in such a dialogue on a lack of requisite data and expertise, but can ill afford a conflict with Iran on this issue.

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“Unsung corner of the planet”: Georgia in National Geographic's list of best tours 13.04.2015. The National Geographic published list of Best Tours in Europe in its Traveler Magazine's 2015 Tours of a Lifetime. Along with Italy, France, Croatia, Switzerland, Scotland, and others, the list also includes Georgia - particularly Alaverdi, Kakheti region. "Monks at the ancient Alaverdi Monastery still ferment wine the way their order has for a millennium, in earthenware vessels buried in the ground. Taste the fruits of their labor on a culinary odyssey led by Max Johnson, the travel outfitter’s founder, whose passion for this unsung corner of the planet is contagious", - the article in The National Geographic reads. Georgian Economy minister, Giorgi Kvirikashvili discussed this news with the media. “I want to share some very good news with you... The decision to include Georgia into the top tourism destinations has already been made by the National Geographic Traveler and in my opinion this will help Georgia to develop its tourism industry and to improve the country’s image among world travellers.” National Geographic Traveler is a magazine that launched in 1984 by the National Geographic Society in the United States. It is one of the most popular travel media in the world and is published in 20 countries in ten languages. Georgia had been in focus within the magazine many times, with photographers capturing incredible images of Georgia’s scenery and authors describing life in the quaint villages and bustling towns and cities. “Blessed Beast” - the picture from Georgia’s mountain region Svaneti - was named by the National Geographic the Photo of the Day on September 23, 2014. The very first images of Georgia at the archives of National Geographic dates back to the 1920′s. Almost 30 images captured by some of National Geographic’s top photographers Vittorio Sella, Maynard Owen Williams and Frederick Simpich when they visited Georgia about a hundred years ago. Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and National Geographic Fellow Paul Salopek made an unexpected stop in Georgia while he retraces on foot the global migration of our ancestors in a 21,000-mile, seven-year odyssey that begins in Ethiopia and ends in Tierra del Fuego. This was how Georgia became part of his global project “Out of Eden Walk”. French Compagnie de Vichy to invest in Georgian sp... Let tourists arrive and Georgia thrive! Greek low-cost airline Ellinair announces Georgia ... London fair showcases traditional Georgian food, w... “Unsung corner of the planet”: Georgia in National... Hilton: Georgia needs a 5-year tourism development... Wizz Air in-flight magazine features Georgian wine...

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Sumerian Technology Sumerian history was recorded 2500 years before Moses wrote the Pentateuch, and lacks the religious overtones that we have been taught. • Language and its earliest written expression, pictographs (that is, ideas expressed in the form of visual pictures), developed. The alternative name, Caral-Supe, is derived from the Sacred City of Caral in the Supe Valley, a large and well-studied Norte Chico site. Some figurines from Sumeria. The mission of the Consumer Technology Association (CTA)® is to help innovators of all sizes grow their business. The Sumerian religion encompassed the beliefs, mythology and rites of the ancient civilization of Sumer in southern Mesopotamia. Sumer's Early Dynastic Phase began about 5000 bp, a century or so after the development of a nuanced writing system…. Dec 22, 2017 · Historians came to know of its existence in ancient Mesopotamia, thanks to an archaeological excavation that was carried out in the city of Ur in which excavators discovered remnants of this game. by Jim Allen, author "Atlantis: Lost Kingdom of the Andes". Pages can include considerable notes-in pen or highlighter-but the notes cannot obscure the text. This is a positional number system based on sixty, rather than ten. Aug 21, 2014 · Christmas lighting display music to raido FM Transmitter,FM Stereo Radio Station,Koehler Decorative Handcolored Original Map Iran Mesopotamia Babylon - 1720,100AFC6-G Corcom TE FEED THROUGH FILTER, 100A. One of the most important inventions of all time is, the development of a written language. Development of Jewelry in Mesopotamia Mesopotamia, so called "birthplace of human civilization", was one of the first places on earth where rise of the technology, religion, science and knowledge enabled our race to exit prehistoric times and enter into modern era. All these accomplishments imply that the people of Sumer were advanced in math. At the Center for Democracy & Technology (CDT), we believe in the power of the internet. More tomb art: the god Osiris, ruler of the afterlife. Ancient Aliens: Sumerian Tablets' Mystic Ancient Messages (Season 9) | History admin December 2, 2019 0 Tune in to Alien Invasion Week on History starting Monday 9/30 through Friday 10/4 for new Ancient Aliens, plus the premiere of In Search Of, new UFO Specials and More!. Ancient Mesopotamia had a classified social structure. 5 Inches long) whose two sides and end panels are covered with figurative and geometric mosaics made of pieces of shell, lapis lazuli, and red limestone set into bitumen. org: Collapse of Mesopotamia. Uruk, the first and one of the largest cities in Mesopotamia, had a six miles long wall with defense towers located at 30-35 foot intervals. ” Another name for Mesopotamia, though, is “The Land Between the Rivers. Wheels, law-codes, literature and now soap – ancient Mesopotamia was the origin-place of all these inventions, thus covering crucial avenues from transportation, society, culture to health. Sargon’s conquest began with Sumer and stretched from the Persian Gulf to Syria and the Taurus Mountains in southern Anatolia or. As for the latter mentioned ‘product’, the history of soap, unlike its function of cleaning, is a bit murky. The purpose of this page is to provide a source of information on all aspects of Mesopotamian mathematics. : Science, Technology, Health Research Article from World Eras This Study Guide consists of approximately 60 pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of Ancient Mesopotamia 3300-331 B. By doing an internship, you will gain experience, learn new skills, and add value to your resume while being paid for your work. Mesopotamia. Ancient Mesopotamia and the Hebrew Bible. The first kind of writing was designed by the. The emergence of the Sumerian city-states in the late 4th millennium BC was marked by the formation of the first known form of government which went through considerable changes over the following 3 millennia. Aug 21, 2014 · Christmas lighting display music to raido FM Transmitter,FM Stereo Radio Station,Koehler Decorative Handcolored Original Map Iran Mesopotamia Babylon - 1720,100AFC6-G Corcom TE FEED THROUGH FILTER, 100A. Top 10 Mesopotamian Inventions and Discoveries March 24, 2018 March 30, 2017 by James Varon The land of Mesopotamia is credited with many discoveries and inventions that would help shape the world and future cultures in ways that can not be overstated. Mesopotamia is known by a few nicknames such as “  The Fertile Crescent  ” and “The Cradle of Civilization. Perhaps, at some point of time or other in your life, you might have thought of becoming a great inventor or maybe a discoverer for that matter – making use of an exceptionally brilliant concept that transforms society for the better and would also allow you to be rich at one fell swoop. Mesopotamia as a regional toponym relates to a conglomeration of areas from various modern-day nations, including Iraq, Kuwait, Syria, Turkey and even Iraq-Iran borders. Looking for summer housing in NYC? During the summer, the Fashion Institute of Technology opens its residence halls to current FIT students, non-FIT students, and non-FIT interns seeking a safe, convenient, and inexpensive place to stay while in New York City. S o l u t i o n t o W a t e r S t o r a g e An irrigation system was usually made up of canals, dikes, basins, dams, and levees. Corian smiled crookedly, around at his the capacity throughout. As a result, Mesopotamians developed a system of irrigation. Irrigation in Mesopotamia Even though the farmland of Sumer was so fertile, crops planted there still needed water, and rainfall in the area, even during ancient times, would have been very scarce. Sumerian priests tracked the movement of the stars,. In 36 fascinating lectures, award. rather that breath of life. Jul 21, 2008 · About 3100 BC, writing was invented at Uruk, Sumer. : Science, Technology, Health Research Article from World Eras This Study Guide consists of approximately 60 pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of Ancient Mesopotamia 3300-331 B. 2525 BC on a stele called the Stele of the Vultures. and weapons. The Sumerians invented the wagon wheel and the sundial. 2525 BC on a stele called the Stele of the Vultures. Herbal medicine and other pharmaceuticals were ubiquitously used tools of asu physicians in ancient Mesopotamia. To irrigate the land, the earliest inhabitants of the region drained the swampy lands and built canals through the dry areas. The roles of women differed greatly among the ancient societies of Egypt and Mesopotamia, whose territories make up what is now Iraq and parts of Iran, Turkey and Syria. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Huseyin’s connections and jobs at similar companies. World of Books USA was founded in 2005. Mesopotamia became a battle ground between the Romans and Parthians, with parts of Mesopotamia (particularly Assyria) coming under periodic Roman control. It was in Mesopotamia that people first began to live in large cities and created governments. The Neolithic Revolution changed the way humans lived. Irrigation was the first major invention of the Sumerians, as it helped the water their crops easily, and it helped even out the water during a flood or drought. Their cuneiform writing system was the first we have evidence of (with the possible exception of the highly controversial Old European Script), pre-dating Egyptian hieroglyphics by at least seventy five years. Ancient Sumerian Bead Jewelry c. It's about ideas, large and small, that keep us connected, that help us move and that spark even bigger ideas. The alternative name, Caral-Supe, is derived from the Sacred City of Caral in the Supe Valley, a large and well-studied Norte Chico site. Agricultural Revolution Mesopotamia Review. Complex society in Norte Chico arose a millennium after Sumer in Mesopotamia, was contemporaneous with the Egyptian pyramids, and predated the Mesoamerican Olmec by nearly two millennia. Sumerian Technology The 'Enuma Elish' epic of creation, describes the 'Half fish God' Eanna coming from the water following the 'great deluge' to bring knowledge to the Sumerians. If you are stuck with writing or missing ideas, scroll down and find inspiration in the best samples. RMIT Online launches AR and VR courses using Amazon Sumerian. The vitality of Egyptian civilization was limited entirely to its beginnings. The Sumerian gods (Sumerian dingir, plural dingir-dingir or dingir-a-ne-ne) thus had associations with different cities, and their religious importance often waxed and waned with the political power of the associated cities. The Sumerians The first group to find themselves building cities in Mesopotamia were the Sumerians. They invented the cuneiform system of writing. Irrigation helped to. Find a camp that fits your family's vacation schedule, or drop in to a weekly class or weekend workshop. Also with an increase in people you had to develop a more stable government. In the ancient times, there weren’t a ton technological advances, but what they did have was important, such as the wheel, and irrigation. Mesopotamia housed some of the world's most ancient. I’m not making that up. it/BTMRapture Tour Dates: BetrayingTheMartyrs. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Undergraduates in the Department of Archaeology can study Babylonian in all three years, and Sumerian and Assyrian in their third year. The Sumerian civilization emerged upon the flood plain of the lower reaches of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers about 4000 B. Ancient Records of Egypt. It was a new kind of warfare. Start today. Ancient mesopotamia: science, inventions, and technology. Students will build their scientific knowledge,… Lire Plus Ici ». It is located in what is now recognized as Iraq and Iran between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Sumerians vs Egyptians. Expert Answers. Sumerian cities spoke the same language and worshipped the same gods. This is easily concluded from the importance that the ziggurat had in the civilizations of southern Mesopotamia from the earliest development of urbanized life to the high political reaches of the Neo- Babylonian Empire. It exhibits a form of transfer and title which has a flavor of modern business method about it. Technology and Aspects of. Working with Sumerian Irrigation a qualified professional irrigation contractor, you can rest assured knowing that we will deliver maximum results. 1 Introduction. The almost constant wars among the Sumerian city-states for 2000 years helped to develop the military technology and techniques of Sumer to a high level. Sumerian Society ESSENTIAL QUESTION What were the social classes that made up Sumerian society?. Sumerians created an advanced civilization with its own system of elaborate language and The origins of human beings according to ancient Sumerian texts | Ancient Origins. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Huseyin’s connections and jobs at similar companies. The Sumer build temples to their gods The Sumer people built temples called ziggurats to worship their gods. Classical Sumer ends with the rise of the Akkadian Empire in the 23rd century BCE, and only enjoys a brief renaissance in the 21st century BCE. Get this from a library! Sumerian technology: a survey of early material achievements in Mesopotamia. 12 | Mesopotamia: The World’s Earliest Civilization Babylonia and of later Assyria, from pre-history to King Nabonassar (Nabu-nasir; 747–734 BC) down to Berosus’s own time. Artworks from the ancient cultures of Sumer, the Akkadian Empire, Assyria, Babylon, and the Neo-Assyrian Empire, can be found in the permanent collections of several of the world's best art museums of Antiquity. Almost every innovation in Egypt was developed during the old kingdom, which, after incorporating Sumerian technology between 3,500 B. From a broad historical perspective, these cultures are similar enough to be grouped under the overarching term Mesopotamian. Mesopotamia Environmental Journal is an International, professional, peer-reviewed Journal. They were known for their rich, varied culture that included farming, trading and playing music, and some of their instruments have been discovered by modern archaeologists. Each city occupied roughly one square mile (2. Directions: The focus question is based on the accompanying documents. This land was good for growing food. The ancient Mesopotamians created a government that was a combination of monarch and local councils that advised the king. Mesopotamia. Although they had already moved from a hunting and gathering society to an agrarian one, their tools, such as hoes, axes, knives and hunting gear, were made largely from. Analysis of dental microwear patterns suggest that grinding technology changed in Mesopotamia too. For a start, it was the first. Introduction §1. Looking for summer housing in NYC? During the summer, the Fashion Institute of Technology opens its residence halls to current FIT students, non-FIT students, and non-FIT interns seeking a safe, convenient, and inexpensive place to stay while in New York City. 1 Introduction. txt) or read online for free. Sumerians invented pre-cuneiform Sumerian writing, which later developed into cuneiform Sumerian writing. Mesopotamia was dry with little rainfall, farmers depended on the flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers for water for their crops. Timeline of Mesopotamia Great Cities of Mesopotamia The Ziggurat Science, Inventions, and Technology Assyrian Army Persian Wars Glossary and Terms Civilizations Sumerians Akkadian Empire Babylonian Empire Assyrian Empire Persian Empire: Culture Daily Life of Mesopotamia Art and Artisans Religion and Gods Code of Hammurabi Sumerian Writing and. Though its borders were loosely defined, its central area lay between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, with outward borders extending into regions now known as Syria and Turkey. Huseyin has 3 jobs listed on their profile. Dec 22, 2017 · Historians came to know of its existence in ancient Mesopotamia, thanks to an archaeological excavation that was carried out in the city of Ur in which excavators discovered remnants of this game. In the days of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, one of the most important pieces of technology was the development of irrigation, or the supply of water to land or crops. One of the earliest examples was found in the excavations of Uruk in Mesopotamia at a level representing the time of the crystallization of the Sumerian culture. Apply Today. Accomplished Technology and Business executive with more than twenty-five years of experience in leading IT operations and projects with a passion for serving the customer. Modify-*Created irrigation techniques so it was easier to water and farm/created crop surpluses *They modified the rivers so they could use the water for the plants. An increase in social centers and far-stretching trade routes can also be a positive effect of Mesopotamia's collection of raw materials from neighboring territories and creating metal. They were innovators in astronomy, mathematics, medicine, language and even architecture. Students will build their scientific knowledge,… Lire Plus Ici ». Inventing the Future. Part of a 24-book series that covers the four main branches of sciencephysical science, life science, earth and space science, and science and technology, and covers essential content standards. Development of Jewelry in Mesopotamia Mesopotamia, so called "birthplace of human civilization", was one of the first places on earth where rise of the technology, religion, science and knowledge enabled our race to exit prehistoric times and enter into modern era. Sumerians also developed the first system of writing and writing implements. The ancient Mesopotamians created a government that was a combination of monarch and local councils that advised the king. Pre-History to the Early Civilizations. Nov 19, 2014 · Windowpane is the live-streaming social network that turns your phone into a live broadcast camera for streaming to friends, family, followers, or everyone. View Huseyin Sumer’s profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. Ancient Mesopotamian civilizations. The people of Akkad worshipped, as what is generally described as, the Sumerian religion, the mythology, rites, and cosmology of the Sumerian civilization, however there were differences between this religion and the one worshipped by the Akadians. Collections of Mesopotamian Art. established an irrigation system, and were skilled In the use of metals (silver, gold, copper) to make pottery. Because of irrigation, southern Mesopotamia was rich in agricultural products, including a variety of fruits and vegetables, nuts, dairy, fish and meat from animals both wild and domestic. Animal Domestication About the same time they domesticated plants, people in Mesopotamia began to tame animals for meat, milk, and hides. The clay tablet as a writing medium is first seen in Sumer, but may have originated elsewhere. Mesopotamia is often. These people are also credited with creating the arch, the dome, the Potter's wheel, and making bronze from copper and tin. Sumerians only focused on studying complex grammar, and practiced writing. C, {maybe before}, provide the world's first examples of genuine urban centers of large size. But I'll explain. iD Tech provides several opportunities for social networking for both participants and staff on sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Flickr, and YouTube. The difference between Sumerians and Egyptians are various as they were part of two different civilizations. They helped create more efficient ways of watering plants to grow more food, so that more plants could be grown and more people could live in Mesopotamia. At first the scribes of Sumer marked picture symbols in pieces of wet clay and let the clay dry They then attached these pieces to baskets as tags to identify the contents and the owner. They were innovators in astronomy, mathematics, medicine, language and even architecture. Although archeologists don't know for sure who invented the wheel, the oldest wheel discovered was found in Mesopotamia. These technologies were not created in a sterile environment. Many crops were grown in the area. The Sumerians lived in southern Mesopotamia, an area known as Sumer, around 100 miles upriver from the Persian Gulf in what is now Iraq. Mesopotamia was located in what is now the country of Iraq. If you are stuck with writing or missing ideas, scroll down and find inspiration in the best samples. This change is one of the most extreme innovations in security since the invention of the wooden pin lock in Mesopotamia, some 6,000 years ago. An increase in social centers and far-stretching trade routes can also be a positive effect of Mesopotamia's collection of raw materials from neighboring territories and creating metal. Mesopotamia was located in the Middle East. They began building large and powerful cities. Jul 26, 2018 · The Sumerians had three main types of boats: skin boats comprising of animal skins and reeds clinker-built sailboats stitched together with hair, featuring bitumen waterproofing. The Sumerians are perhaps remembered most for their many inventions. The water was then drained back into the river at the right moment in the growing cycle. The land of Sumer, now the southern part of Iraq, is thought to have been the earliest urban civilization in ancient Mesopotamia, and perhaps also in the world. The cradle of civilization, Mesopotamia, was the birthplace of many valuable inventions and discoveries. Writing both is and represents the new "Creation" ideology. I will tell you of inventions we need. LibraryThing is a cataloging and social networking site for booklovers All about The Technology of Mesopotamia (Technology of the Ancient World) by Graham Faiella. FX-Shock-Clear 2x Samsung Family Hub RB38M7998S4/EF Anti Shock Screen Protector,Chariot Miniatures 15mm - CHR2 Bowmen - LI (Sumerian/Akkadian),Christmas Tear Drop Door Swag Wreath Santa Poinsettia Red Bow Holly berries. Three factors may be recognized as contributing to the character of Mesopotamian art and architecture. In Mesopotamia the people looked to religion to answer their questions about life and death, good and evil, and the forces of nature. com, Where History & Modern Man Began; Man’s Basics to Modern Technology – 1st in Sumer (M-Z) Slide-Show: (gods in blue. INDUS Technology, Inc. All these inventions led to the overall development of technology all around the world. Welcome to mesopotamiangods. The silt left behind from the flooding water made the soil fertile. If you are stuck with writing or missing ideas, scroll down and find inspiration in the best samples. Technology From the first settled communities around 8000 B. The very first peoples and area to have reached the complexity that historians call Civilization,. by Jim Allen, author "Atlantis: Lost Kingdom of the Andes". Practitioners of the religion worshipped a pantheon of gods and devised a creation story that they wrote on cuneiform tablets. Science, Inventions, and Technology. Mystery of diseases of ancient Mesopotamians. The Sumerians also organized Government. edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. I will tell you of inventions we need. Egypt Lesson Plan 8: The Science and Technology of Ancient Egypt Introduction: In this lesson, students will learn about many of the key scientific and technological contributions made by the ancient Egyptians. Mesopotamia as a regional toponym relates to a conglomeration of areas from various modern-day nations, including Iraq, Kuwait, Syria, Turkey and even Iraq-Iran borders. May 25, 2016 · 17 Facts that tells History of B abylonian civilization. The ideas and innovations of law, religion, government, agriculture, and development in technology began on this part of the world. They put wheels on carts and probably invented the sail for sailboats. The National Summer Learning Association is a national, non-profit organization focused on the powerful impact of one achievable goal: investing in summer learning to help close the achievement gap. u-blox is a global provider of leading positioning and wireless communication technologies for the automotive, industrial and consumer markets. The wheel, mathematics, pottery, tools, calendar, system of irrigation and writing were the main parts of Sumerian technology and are still very important today. A Sumerian myth known today as “Gilgamesh and the Netherworld” opens with a mythological prologue. Statue of a man, possibly priest-king Religion and religious organization played very important role in both art and architecture in Mesopotamia. Background Sumerians were not just advanced in government and religion issues; they also developed many other things, that are part of our daily life today. Mesopotamia is known by a few nicknames such as "  The Fertile Crescent  " and "The Cradle of Civilization. Sumerian: Science & Technology 2/2/2013 The 'Enuma Elish' epic of creation, describes the 'Half fish God' Eanna coming from the water following the 'great deluge' to bring knowledge to the Sumerians. These inventions made it possible for people to communicate and get around better. The Sumerian people lived in Mesopotamia from the 27th-20th century BCE. The difference between Sumerians and Egyptians are various as they were part of two different civilizations. Today the company announced Amazon Sumerian, a new platform for […] AWS launches Amazon Sumerian to build AR, VR and 3D apps quickly. 125 open jobs for Fre Emt Training In The Bronx radiologic technology in philadelphia. Most consonants are basically the same as in English. Sumer is the earliest known civilization in southern Mesopotamia (in modern-day southern Iraq). 500 cores in year 08-09. Ancient Egyptian Technology Much can be attributed to the ancient Egyptians, even some of the earliest forms of technology and inventions that we still use today. MPhil students can study Babylonian at introductory or advanced level, and also Sumerian (normally only if they already have some Babylonia. Mesopotamia is often. From a broad historical perspective, these cultures are similar enough to be grouped under the overarching term Mesopotamian. It is also the only writing system which can be traced to its earliest prehistoric origin. The School of Engineering is dedicated to creating valuable experiences for students who want to know more about the exciting, rewarding life of an engineer. edu/k12/cyber. They learned how to build all kinds of buildings, from ordinary houses to royal palaces. Although the historical records in the region do not go back much further than ca. E, while the Egypt civilization didn’t develop until around 4,000 B. When argiculture developed people grouped together in cities. This is a transaction from the last days of Sumerian history. The Technology of Mesopotamia by Graham Faiella is a children's/young adult work detailing the inventions and innovations of the people of Mesopotamia. FX-Shock-Clear 2x Samsung Family Hub RB38M7998S4/EF Anti Shock Screen Protector,Chariot Miniatures 15mm - CHR2 Bowmen - LI (Sumerian/Akkadian),Christmas Tear Drop Door Swag Wreath Santa Poinsettia Red Bow Holly berries. Sumerian written history began in the 27th century BCE, but the first intelligible writing began in the 23rd century BCE. The Mesopotamian Civilization, was one that had created amazing architecture and artwork throughout its existence and time period. Hello I'm the inventor of ancient Sumer. 3,000 - 2,000 BC. Click on some examples of texts that were used by the scribes of Enuma Anu Enlil. As a result there was an agricultural boom. Ziggurats were built by the Sumerians, Babylonians and Assyrians of ancient Mesopotamia. They are on the shelves in the library. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. Mathematics in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia Introduction Evidence for Egyptian and Babylonian mathematics Egypt: A handful of Old Egyptian Hieratic papyri, wooden tables and leather rolls, a few handfuls of Middle Egyptian Demotic papyri, less than a hundred Greek papyri, written in Egypt and forming a continuous tradition with the older material. Ur was the home of famous buildings that were known as ziggurats. All of our paper waste is recycled within the UK and turned into corrugated cardboard. From a broad historical perspective, these cultures are similar enough to be grouped under the overarching term Mesopotamian. This system required the addition of an extra month three times every eight years, and as a further adjustment the king would periodically order the insertion of an additional extra month into the calendar. Apr 24, 2015 · NASA Announces 2013 Summer Learning Opportunities For U. Sep 18, 2018 · For example, Mesopotamia sources or Egypt sources. Amazon Sumerian Pricing With Amazon Sumerian, there is no licensing fee to design and edit your augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) applications. What does Technology mean? Information and translations of Technology in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Henry's main thesis is that there existed in Sumerian times a technological device which he describes as a 'Stargate', that the Anunnaki/Nephilim used to travel back and forth from their homeworld and the Earth, and also how they travel around the galaxy. Mesopotamia was an ancient area in the Middle East. Digital signal processing is used for improving the accuracy and reliability of digital communications. The Sumerian economy was based on agriculture, which was influenced by major technological advances in Mesopotamian history. Oct 03, 2016 · The ancient Sumerians had contact with aliens and traveling in space by space · October 3, 2016 The Minister of transport of Iraq Kazem, Finjan claims that the ancient Sumerians who lived in Iraq were travelling in space and they found Pluto 5,000 years ago. The cuneiform script, created in Mesopotamia, present-day Iraq, ca. It was the heartland of the Sumerian , Akkadian , Babylonian and Assyrian empires. Background Sumerians were not just advanced in government and religion issues; they also developed many other things, that are part of our daily life today. All Rights Reserved. Sumerian history was recorded 2500 years before Moses wrote the Pentateuch, and lacks the religious overtones that we have been taught. Located about 60 miles (100 kilometers) south of Baghdad in modern-day Iraq, the ancient city of Babylon served for nearly two millennia as a center of Mesopotamian civilization. Mesopotamia in Smith's Bible Dictionary (Read Full Article) Mesopotamia - (between the rivers), the entire country between the two rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates. Ancient Mesopotamian civilizations. Babylonia is a very old Akkadian-speaking Afroasiatic state and an ethnical region located in central-southern region of Mesopotamia, which is 59 miles southwest of Baghdad in the present day Iraq. As each new group moved into the region they adopted some of the culture, traditions and beliefs of the people who had come before. We all like the idea of saving a bit of cash, so when we found out how many good quality used products are out there - we just had to let you know!. As Sumer developed a more significant system of trade, the economy simultaneously grew. Ancient West Asia for Kids. Individuals and/or pairs will research topics related to these contributions and create three to five minute presentations about. The Golden Sarcophogus of King Tutankhamen. 2900 BCE, modern historians believe that Sumer was first settled between ca. Although they had already moved from a hunting and gathering society to an agrarian one, their tools, such as hoes, axes, knives and hunting gear, were made largely from. Copper was the earliest non-precious metal first used by the Sumerians, and somewhere around 5000 BC they developed the ability to fabricate it. [9] Ur was a city in the region of Sumer, southern Mesopotamia, in what is modern-day Iraq. The Technology of Mesopotamia (The Technology of the Ancient World) [Graham Faiella] on Amazon. Goats were probably the first animals to be domesticated, followed closely by sheep. Now historically, the relevance of this 'meta-region' relates to it being the focal point of earliest developments of the. For a start, it was the first. Mesopotamia is a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris-Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq, Kuwait, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish-Syrian and Iran-Iraq borders. CIO , Global Financial Services company Although the product is still fresh on the market, you can tell Sumerian has a long-running consulting experience in Capacity Management. The land of Sumer, now the southern part of Iraq, is thought to have been the earliest urban civilization in ancient Mesopotamia, and perhaps also in the world. Cuneiform was used in Mesopotamia for around 3,000 years, until other styles of writing took over. In this article, we shall study the various important inventions and achievements of the Sumerian civilization. The difference between Sumerians and Egyptians are various as they were part of two different civilizations. Superior performance, experienced personnel and complete dedication to customer needs are the hallmarks of INDUS Technology’s work to date. All these inventions led to the overall development of technology all around the world. These two thin gs both had two complete ly different uses, however, they were both a big part of the Sumerian lifestyle. Three successive civilizations — Sumerian, Babylonian, and Assyrian — flourished along the “Fertile Crescent” in ancient Mesopotamia for thousands of years. In Ancient Mesopotamia there was a city-state and four empires. In 226 AD it fell to the Sassanid Persians, and remained under Persian rule until the 7th century AD Arab Islamic conquest of the Sassanid Empire. Mesopotamia is known by a few nicknames such as "  The Fertile Crescent  " and "The Cradle of Civilization. Mesopotamia and Egypt At the time of the rise of the first civilizations, both Mesopotamia and Egypt were dominant civilizations. the give-and-take between the Sumerians and the other peoples of the ancient Near East, it continues with a summary of some of the more obvious facets of modern life which may go back to Sumerian roots. Mesopotamia's first great civilization, Sumer, may have also produced the world's first written language. Mesopotamia - Part I The art of metallurgy soon encompassed the ability to alloy copper with other metals, resulting in a castable, hard but malleable metal we call bronze. Understand the major dynamics and stages of emerging states, rulers and empires in Mesopotamia, from the era of earliest Sumerian city-states through Hammurabi's Babylonian empire. The lower valley of Tigris and Euphrates was famous as Sumer. The ancient Sumerians had contact with aliens and traveling in space by space · October 3, 2016 The Minister of transport of Iraq Kazem, Finjan claims that the ancient Sumerians who lived in Iraq were travelling in space and they found Pluto 5,000 years ago. This development helped the development of complex societies in Mesopotamia and other areas of the world. Jul 20, 2010 · Contribution of Babylonians in Science and Technology Babylonia was an ancient cultural region in central-southern M esopotamia (present-day Iraq ), with Babylon as its capital. The mission of the Consumer Technology Association (CTA)® is to help innovators of all sizes grow their business. Nov 20, 2019 · The earliest form of writing was invented in Mesopotamia. Top 10 Mesopotamian Inventions and Discoveries March 24, 2018 March 30, 2017 by James Varon The land of Mesopotamia is credited with many discoveries and inventions that would help shape the world and future cultures in ways that can not be overstated. The Sumerians are perhaps remembered most for their many inventions. Between the Rivers: The History of Ancient Mesopotamia takes you on an insightful journey through the area bordered by the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, from Neolithic times to the age of Alexander the Great and into the lives of mighty emperors, struggling farmers, ambitious merchants, and palace servants. >Some tablets include instructions on managing the waters of the Tigris and Euphrates. Understand the major dynamics and stages of emerging states, rulers and empires in Mesopotamia, from the era of earliest Sumerian city-states through Hammurabi's Babylonian empire. The ancient Mesopotamia's created a government that was a combination of monarchy and democracy. The Sumerian civilization emerged upon the flood plain of the lower reaches of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers about 4000 B. Feb 07, 2017 · Task: The following primary documents and images illustrate how the rivers and technology impacted the development of Ancient Mesopotamia. As a result, Mesopotamians developed a system of irrigation. Now historically, the relevance of this ‘meta-region’ relates to it being the focal point of earliest developments of the. Sumer, located in the southernmost part of Mesopotamia, between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, was the home of one of the world's first civilizations. Ancient Mesopotamian civilizations. Also with an increase in people you had to develop a more stable government. This video outlines what. Sumerian's Technology Partner Program enables partners to build, test, certify and sell integrations with Sumerian Capacity Planner. >Some tablets include instructions on managing the waters of the Tigris and Euphrates. The Sumerians developed the earliest known writing system - a pictographic writing system known as cuneiform script, using wedge-shaped characters inscribed on baked clay tablets - and this has meant that we actually have more knowledge of ancient Sumerian and Babylonian mathematics than of early Egyptian mathematics. For a start, it was the first. Tim Sumer is a philanthropist and motivational speaker empowering young entrepreneurs across the nation. Mesopotamia Environmental Journal is an International, professional, peer-reviewed Journal. In this article, we shall study the various important inventions and achievements of the Sumerian civilization. These two thin gs both had two complete ly different uses, however, they were both a big part of the Sumerian lifestyle. The ancient Mesopotamians created a government that was a combination of monarch and local councils that advised the king. The Complete Works of Josephus. The Mesopotamian city of Ur, known as Tell al-Muqayyar and the biblical Ur of the Chaldees), was an important Sumerian city-state between about 2025-1738 BC. We have expressed our religious beliefs by building statues and ziggurats. The Role of Sumerian Aliens on Humanity No matter whether you're a fan of the Ancient Aliens television series or a lover of strange theories on the origin of man, you're sure to have heard about the Sumerian Aliens. Mar 26, 2018 · Mesopotamia later fell to many invading armies that included the Persians, the army of Alexander the Great, the Romans, the Turks and the British. That’s why our engineering community at the University of Dayton works hard to provide high school students, middle school students and science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) teachers with exciting and rewarding summer. Ancient Aliens: Sumerian Tablets' Mystic Ancient Messages (Season 9) | History admin December 2, 2019 0 Tune in to Alien Invasion Week on History starting Monday 9/30 through Friday 10/4 for new Ancient Aliens, plus the premiere of In Search Of, new UFO Specials and More!. and from reminiscences in later scribal traditions which preserved the Sumerian language and literature. Eventually markings were used on the tokens which led to pictographic writing. Sumer was the region of southern Mesopotamia c. • Language and its earliest written expression, pictographs (that is, ideas expressed in the form of visual pictures), developed. Each piece of artwork, and ancient skyscraper, was made with purpose beyond the aspect of visual appeal, and was a key characteristic in seeing the cultural side to the empires living throughout the land of Mesopotamia. From Wikimedia. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. The Sumerians were the inventors of many things that are common objects in present-day, like the wheel and the sundial. Start today. S o l u t i o n t o W a t e r S t o r a g e An irrigation system was usually made up of canals, dikes, basins, dams, and levees.

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position: Conductor Born in 1985 in St. Asaph, North Wales, Richard learned piano from an early age and was Head Chorister at St. Asaph Cathedral where he sang regularly for sixteen years. It was here that he first conducted at the age of 14, filling in for the organist before a permanent appointment was made. After singing in a performance of Fauré’s requiem at the age of 16, he decided play the viola and began studying the instrument which he still plays in orchestras around the country. In the sixth form, his music teacher suggested that he conduct an instrumental ensemble, and he has never stopped since. In 2003 he went to Downing College, Cambridge to read music. He sang in Trinity College Chapel Choir under Richard Marlow’s direction and began to study conducting. After graduating, he gained a Masters Degree in Composition from the Royal Northern College of Music in 2009 where he combined his principal studies with further lessons in conducting, singing and viola. He is currently studying for a PGCE, to teach secondary level Mathematics, at the University of Cumbria. He worked as a peripatetic violin and viola teacher for Wrexham County Council, where he conducted Wrexham Symphony Orchestra and was Principal Conductor of Oswestry Sinfonia, and continues to conduct several instrumental and vocal ensembles including school string ensembles. He is conductor of the annual performance of Bach’s St. Matthew Passion in Tremeirchion, which celebrated its fifty-first performance in March, and regularly conducts Crosby Symphony Orchestra. Richard currently lives in Lancaster, where he continues to compose, and is keen to introduce people to classical music and believes that it is still as relevant to people’s lives today as any art, from any period of history.

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Our View: Sycamore loses a top booster in Mundy Danielle Guerra - dguerra@shawmedia.com Sycamore Mayor Ken Mundy in his City Hall office in April 2016. Sycamore lost one of its most dedicated public servants on Tuesday with the passing of former Mayor Ken Mundy at age 73. Mundy loved Sycamore, and showed that love in part through decades of service. His work for the people of Sycamore began in 1972, when former Mayor Harold “Red” Johnson – whom Mundy counted as a mentor – appointed him Sycamore Public Library treasurer. Mundy’s parents brought him to Sycamore as an infant in 1948, and aside from a four-year stint in the Navy during the Vietnam War, he remained in the community most of the rest of his life. Mundy was an elected official in Sycamore for 36 years, from when he was first elected treasurer in 1981 until 2017, when he stepped down after three terms as the city’s mayor. As mayor, Mundy was among the city’s biggest boosters. He believed that “access, communication and service” were the three pillars of local government, and called being mayor “a labor of love.” He also was a lover of history, who was instrumental in helping turn a donated collection of taxidermied animals and a run-down former community center building on State Street into the Midwest Museum of Natural History in the early 2000s. His work at transcribing highlights of Sycamore City Council meetings from the 1800s to the 2010s is catalogued on the city’s website. Under Mundy’s watch, Sycamore grew and developed a reputation for being business-friendly. Existing businesses found it easy to expand their operations rather than find new sites, and new businesses were drawn to the community, too. With his strong financial background – Mundy began his career in banking and was a longtime payroll supervisor at Northern Illinois University until his retirement in 2005 – city government became known for its ability to stretch a dollar. It wasn’t always rosy, but during hard times, Mundy had words of encouragement for citizens. “If we remain mentally, spiritually and physically tough and resilient, folks here will weather the challenges we face, work through them, and realize the importance of faith, family and friends as we continue ‘where life offers more,’ “ Mundy wrote in a 2010 column for the Daily Chronicle. Sycamore would not be what it is without Mundy’s years of service. There is little glamor in being a small-town mayor, but it requires the right sort of person if a community is to thrive. Mundy was such a person. In downtown Sycamore, there is a stone memorial and plaque honoring Johnson’s 42 years of public service, and a statue for Pumpkin Festival founder Wally “Mr. Pumpkin” Thurow. A public memorial to Mundy for his 36 years of service would be entirely appropriate alongside them. Our View: Time to end city clerk sideshow Our View: Time to plan for tax relief in Dekalb School District 428 Let’s declare it ‘Jesse White Day’ in Illinois Our View: Ask DeKalb voters if they want full-time clerk

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Crack Babies Crack Myths Crack Facts What is cocaine? | What is crack? | How is cocaine used? | How is crack used? How many people use crack? | How does cocaine work? | What are the effects of cocaine? STDS and crack | History of crack | How dangerous is it to take crack or cocaine? Definitions of addiction | Crack addiction and the illegal market | Maintaining the habit Drug, set and setting | How many people use crack? Many Americans who pay close attention to the media believe crack use has substantially diminished since the heyday of its use. Actually, crack use is the same in 2004 as it was in the late 1980s. Approximate Number of Recent (within the past 30 days) Crack Users by Year 400,00010 (Office of Applied Studies: National Household Survey on Drug Abuse - http://oas.samhsa.gov/p0000016.htm) In 2004, almost 470,000 Americans are regular users. Yet crack use has always been a very small fraction of America’s drug use. From the National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2004: In 2004, 19.1 million (7.9%) of Americans aged 12 and over had used some form of illegal drug in the previous 30 days Of these, 2 million (0.8% of recent users) had used cocaine in the last 30 days Of the cocaine users, 467,000 (0.2% of recent users) had used crack in the last 30 days Compare this to alcohol and tobacco: In 2004, more than 120 million (50.3%) of Americans aged 12 and over had drank alcohol in the previous 30 days. 70.3 million (29.2%) had used tobacco in the previous 30 days. "Regular" crack users (i.e. users who have used crack in the last 30 days) represent only 0.2 percent of the total population, yet the use of crack is consistently called an ‘epidemic’ or a ‘scourge’. Of the 7.9 percent of Americans currently using illegal drugs, 76.4 percent of them have used marijuana in the past 30 days, compared to 2.4 percent using crack. In fact, the use of all other illicit drugs apart from heroin showed a higher rate of use than crack. White Americans had the highest use of crack, accounting for 60 percent of all people who have used crack in the past month and 66 percent of all people who have ever used crack. Black or African Americans have the second highest use of crack, representing 30 percent of all people who have used crack in the past month. Almost 70 percent of all crack users are male. (Find the full survey at http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/nhsda.htm) Eric E. Sterling, J.D., President, CJPF This website is supported by the Criminal Justice Policy Foundation, a non-profit educational organization, that helps educate the public about the problems of the criminal justice system.

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The Evolution of Baseball and Racism Published on July 11, 2017 in Politics by Daniel Cubias We’re at the All-Star break, and my team is currently in first place. This is a major deal to me. Yes, like a lot of Gen X Latinos, I’m a huge baseball fan. In fact, I recently achieved a fatherhood milestone when I took my 4-year-old son to see his first big-league game (he enjoyed it, even if he kept yelling, “safe!” and “out!” — usually at random). I’m also a fan of science, which is one reason I’m not a Republican. Ha, just having fun there, my GOP friends. Among my favorite science writers was the late Stephen Jay Gould. He wrote an intriguing essay titled “Why No One Hits .400 Anymore” in which he argued that while .400 hitters were fairly common in the early days of baseball, it’s become nearly impossible to reach that milestone today. The reason is because pitching has gotten so much better, as has the overall quality of play. This has had the effect of shrinking the highest and lowest batting averages against the mean (i.e., everyone’s better now, and it’s much harder to be exceptional). So today, you have no .400 hitters, but also no .100 hitters. On the flip side, you have no 30-game winners, but no 20-game losers either. It wasn’t like that back in the day. Gould employed this observation to discuss how the predator-prey relationship evolves. That is, as prey become more cunning or faster, predators get stronger and quicker, in a never-ending cycle of adaptation and balance. It’s a great essay, blending two desperate but fascinating topics (baseball and science). But of course, we can make the original observation even better by adding a third element: racism. You see, many Americans are having trouble processing the election of Trump and the return of overt bigotry. How could the country have regressed so severely after the presidency of Obama? Well, I’ve pointed out the reasons for this before, and they’re all perfectly logical. However, there is another overarching issue, independent of Trump, that many Americans fail to grasp. And it is that, as Ibram X. Kendi pointed out in the New York Times, “there have been two historical forces at work: a dual and dueling history of racial progress and the simultaneous progression of racism.” Yes, just like there are no more .400 hitters, there are no more George Wallaces fighting for legal segregation. But just as a predator evolves to chase its prey, racists have adapted to the progress of ethnic minorities. It’s actually pretty simple when you think about it. The truth is that “both racist and antiracist groups have made progress,” writes Kendi, a professor of history at the University of Florida and the author of Stamped From the Beginning: The Definitive History of Racist Ideas in America. “Both forces — the racist force of inequality, and the antiracist force of equality — have progressed in rhetoric, in tactics, in policies.” So while Hispanics, African Americans and other marginalized groups have broken down myriad barriers, Kendi argues that the haters, xenophobes and white nationalists have “organized and sometimes succeeded in putting new racial barriers in place, new discriminatory policies in our institutions. And they succeeded in developing a new round of racist ideas to justify those policies, to redirect the blame for racial disparities away from their new policies” and onto the supposed pathology and inferiority of ethnic minorities. Again, the election of Obama — as historic and groundbreaking as it was — did not herald a new post-racial American, where bigotry had been knocked out, and we would all join hands to sing about the colors of the rainbow. Rather, it was both a victory and an escalation in the unending battle against racism. And to insist otherwise is to “parade the exceptional twin, and try to hide away the other history” of hatred and fear. Perhaps someday we will indeed see a truly bigot-free society, a nation where racism has gone completely and totally extinct. But to be honest, I think it’s more likely that somebody will hit .400 again. Featured image: Sterling G/Flickr Tags: baseballbooksDonald Trumpracismsports A Very Trump Christmas The Trump impeachment is merely performance art Scary Christmas Latinos have every reason to feel sick Daniel Cubias So who is Daniel Cubias, a.k.a. the 'Hispanic Fanatic'? Simply put, he has an IQ of 380, the strength of 12 men, and can change the seasons just by waving his hand. Despite these powers, however, he remains a struggling writer. For the demographically interested, the Hispanic Fanatic is a Latino male who lives in California, where he works as a business writer. He was raised in the Midwest, but he has also lived in New York. He is the author of the novels 'Barrio Imbroglio' and 'Zombie President.' He blogs because he must. Fair Old Party AUTHOR VAIBHAV SAINI MERGES HINDUISM AND LGBTQ THEMES IN HIS DEBUT NOVEL ‘INNOCENCE LIVES IN AN EYRIE’ The coming-of-age novel aims to give a voice and raise awareness about discrimination and prejudice suffered in India. … More Previous Story Previous post: LA SANTA CECILIA Celebrates South American Poetic Hymn With Their New Video ‘Volver a los 17’ Next Story Next post: Dominican Musician and composer Vicente Garcia Releases Second Studio Album “A La Mar” Produced by Eduardo Cabra “Visitante” Latest from Politics Why is the GOP obsessed with 'fairness'?

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Tested in 1938 and first excavated in 1976 ahead of the walkway’s construction, the rockshelter has been under investigation by an international group of scientists since 2002. The site documents a critical phase of the Paleolithic, between 43,000 and 36,000 years before present, during which Neandertals disappear and Europe is colonized by anatomically modern humans (Homo Sapiens). The Neandertal levels have yielded numerous stone tools made on locally available rock types. Red deer is the dominant prey, although boar, horse, bison, bear, hyena and rhinoceros are also documented. Broken mollusks shells indicate they also exploited marine resources. With the arrival of Homo Sapiens, around 41-42,000 years before present, we find new kinds of tools, notably armatures used in projectile weapons. Beyond local rocs, we also find that they exploited flints procured in an area stretching from the Rhone Valley to the Adriatic. Bone tools including awls and needls also appear at that time, as do personal ornaments made of pierced shell, bone and soft stone beads. Red ochre used as coloting material is also abundant. The most common animal prey are red deer and ibex. It is also in these levels that a deciduous tooth attributed to Homo Sapiens has been found, representing some of the oldest modern human remains in Europe.

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The Archdiocese of New York is threatening to strip six Bronx Catholic schools of the financial subsidies they've long relied on. In all, 32 schools across the state could be impacted. Without the subsidy, it's expected that most schools would be forced to close. In the Bronx, the following are at risk: Saint Augustine, Saint John Vianney, Saint Martin of Tours, Saint Dominic, Saint Anthony-Saint Frances and Saint Pius V Girls High School. Schools Chancellor Joel Klein is stepping down. Cathleen P. Black, the chairwoman of Hearst Magazines, will replace him, Mayor Bloomberg announced yesterday. Klein oversaw a massive reorganization of the public school system, and won many friends, but fierce enemies, too. In an editorial, the Daily News praised Klein's work and said: "The city's children are far, far better off today than when he started eight years ago." But columnist Juan Gonzalez says he lost the respect of both parents and teachers. Students at IS 190, a school near Crotona Park, been have writing letters and sending artwork to a school in Nicaragua, part of a cross-cultural exchange designed to promote tolerance and understanding. Yesterday, the students visited the New York State Division of Human Rights, located at One Fordham Plaza, where some of their artwork hangs, to learn more about discrimination. Parents with the NYC Coalition for Educational Justice rallied in Bronx on Monday, to demand that the Department of Education step up its game and address poor test scores. When the Republicans take over the House in January, New York's congressional delegation will lose the chairmanships of several committees and subcommittees. Among those affected: Congressman Jose Serrano and Eliot Engel. Two gunmen robbed a pharmacy in Mott Haven on Monday evening. Posted by James Fergusson at 11:19 AM Labels: Archdiocese of New York, Bronx schools, catholic schools, joel klein Nick Napolitano November 10, 2010 at 11:47:00 AM EST Including St. Augustine's parochial school on this list is a real slap in the face to the parishoners and Bronx community; the church is condemned and the congregation has been meeting in the school auditorium across the street for the last 18 months. If they pull funding for the school, our vibrant faith community (filled with Latino, African American, and recent African immigrants) will truly be without a home. Not to mention the quality education this school offers to low-income minority youth in the South Bronx.

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CED/Planning Clerk/Auditor Davis County Fair Student Art & Photography Contests 2020 Spotlight Bird -- Northern Harrier Activities for Families, Youth and Scouts Linking Communities Maps & Lodging Home Student Art & Photography Contests The Festival - Presenter Information - Schedule - 2020 Spotlight Bird -- Northern Harrier - Workshops - Field Trips - Gallery - Activities for Families, Youth and Scouts - Linking Communities Registration - Online Registration Sponsors Booths Maps & Lodging Things To Buy The Festival/ Presenters, Workshop Leaders & Guides 2020 Keynote Speaker - Steve Shunk We look forward to having Steve Shunk as our keynote speaker for the 2020 Festival. Steve Shunk Steve Shunk started birding in the San Francisco Bay Area in 1989, and he moved to central Oregon’s ‘Woodpecker Wonderland’ in 1997, where 11 woodpecker species can be found breeding in an area smaller than Salt Lake City. This phenomenon led to a 20-year obsession studying this charismatic family of birds, and he founded the region’s woodpecker festival in 2008. Steve’s work as a field biologist has taken him from the Coast Range of Oregon to California’s Sierra Nevada. Most recently, he spent three seasons as a field biologist for the Institute for Bird Populations studying Black-backed Woodpeckers of California’s Sierra Nevada and Cascade Mountains. Steve co-founded the East Cascades Bird Conservancy (now East Cascades Audubon), and served as its first president. Steve also co-founded the Oregon Birding Trails Program and coordinated its flagship project, the Oregon Cascades Birding Trail. He founded his tour company, Paradise Birding, in 1997, and he currently leads natural history tours to 12 countries on four continents. When he is not traveling world for tours and lectures, Steve can be found writing, skiing, hiking, and watching woodpeckers at home in lovely Sisters, Oregon. Steve’s woodpecker fanaticism eventually led to the 2016 release of his Peterson Reference Guide to Woodpeckers of North America—which he will gladly sign for you at the festival. Learn more about Steve at his websites www.ParadiseBirding.com and www.WoodpeckerWonderland.com. Dinner tickets will be on sale at www.GreatSaltLakeBirdFest.com Also enjoy Steve's expertise at these Festival events: **7am – 2pm Co-lead Field Trip: Woodpeackers in Utah (ticketed) NEW TO THE FESTIVAL, with limited seating, will sell out quickly. *6:15pm – 7:15pm Workshop: Tongues, Toes & Tales of Utah Woodpeckers- Anatomy & Adaptation (free) *7:15pm – 7:30pm Book signing for pre-sold books (cannot sell books on-site) Saturday May 16 **6 pm Keynote Address at Festival Dinner: How Woodpeckers can Save the World (or at least your local woodland)! (ticketed) *Book Signing after dinner for pre-sold books (cannot sell books on-site) **7am – 3 pm Co-Lead Field Trip: Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge (ticketed) Location: The George S. & Dolores Dore’ Eccles Wildlife Education Center 1157 S. Waterfowl Way (1100 W. Glovers Lane) Farmington, UT 84025 *Workshop is FREE. **Field trips and Dinner require a ticket. Presenters, Workshop Leaders & Field Trip Guides Taylor Abbott has become an avid birder after begrudgingly being roped in by a family member. He's been traveling the U.S. ever since looking for birds, visiting each of the 50 states. Taylor has a Zoology degree from North Carolina State University, and currently teaches science in Layton, Utah. Tim Avery has worked for the Rocky Mountain Bird Observatory and the Utah DWR doing bird surveys. He currently holds Utah's Big Year record. (timaverybirding.com) Ian Batterman John Bellmon is a life-long birder. He helped organize the 1st Ogden Christmas Bird Count 30 years ago. He is founding president of the Wasatch Audubon Ogden Chapter-1981, and founding chairman of the Audubon Council of Utah-1985. He served on the board of Directors of the National Audubon Society as representative of the Rocky Mountain Region from 1998-2004. Jeff Bilsky is one of the few individuals that have seen over 300 birds in the state of Utah in the span of one year. Jeff is entertaining, as well as informative; his trips are bound to leave you stimulated. Jeff has a vast knowledge of birds, habitats, and migrant traps in and throughout the state of Utah. Birding with Jeff is an unforgettable learning experience. See Jeff's Birding Profile to learn a bit more about Jeff, his accomplishments and his enthusiasm for birding. Yae Bryner Jaimi Butler is the coordinator for Great Salt Lake Institute at Westminster college. Since 1999 Jaimi has been working in and around GSL as a field and lab biologist for a variety of organizations. As coordinator of GSLI she manages undergraduate research, K-12 outreach and does anything she can to spend as much time at the lake as possible. Dr. Randy Chatelain is a recently retired professor at Weber State University and avid bird watcher. He loves the outdoors and is an accomplished wildlife photographer. He regularly attends the Great Salt Lake Bird Festival and has previously helped lead the raptor field trip. Kathy Donnell is the Park Naturalist at Rock Cliff State Park. She is also a volunteer for HawkWatch International and serves on the Utah Society for Environmental Education Executive Committee. Billy Fenimore is owner of the Wild About Birds Nature Center in Layton, Utah. He also guides birding tours to Deseret Ranch. Billy was recently hired as the new Eccles Wildlife Education Center Coordinator. Valerie Frokjer discovered her passion for birds after an Ornithology class at Weber State University, while obtaining her Bachelor's degree in Zoology. She then went on to work for Dr. John Cavitt doing a Colonial Waterbird Survey all over Utah. She is currently employed at Rocky Mountain Power. Brian Ferguson is retired from the U.S. Forest Service. He has worked in diverse ecosystems and promotes quality habitat for many species of wildlife. He volunteers at Antelope Island State Park and Bear River National Migratory Bird Refuge. He is also a nature photographer. Dave Ghizzone is the owner operator of Gonzo Tours. His kayak and pontoon boat business is located at the Antelope Island State Park marina. His birding tours spotlight birding along the shores of Antelope Island and Egg Island (but not close enough to disturb the nesting birds. C. Val Grant is president of Bio-Resources, a company looking for environmentally friendly solutions for industries. He has served three years as president of Bridgerland Audubon. Annette Hansen After years of serving as a dedicated volunteer, Annette Hansen joined the HawkWatch International (HWI) staff as an Educator in 2016. Annette presents in high school biology classes across the state, helping to reinforce STEM concepts and a passion for raptors and our shared environment. She also provides local community programs and assists with HWI research projects whenever possible. Prior to joining HWI, Annette studied biology at Portland State University. Although she started birding late in life, Annette loves identifying, discussing, and watching birds. She believes in the need for everyone to be conservationists of our planet and its resources. Chris Haramoto is the park manager at East Canyon State Park. Mike Hearell has grown up as an avid waterfowler and has a passion for learning about and finding ducks. This background was easily converted to the world of birding. Dallin Henderson is an avid bird watcher and outdoorsman. Teaching and working in Scouting as a Scout master, Cub master, Varsity Coach, and Round Table Trainer for more than 25 years. He first fell in love with bird watching while attending college in eastern Idaho and enrolling in a Western Bird Study class and has been watching birds ever since. Contractor by trade, bird house builder by profession. He is joined at the Festival by his wife, Carol. Heidi Hoven, is the new National Audubon representative to Utah. She is working with Ella Sorensen at the Gillmore Sanctuary. Dr. Frank Howe is the liaison between DWR and Utah universities. He develops, conducts, and consults on wildlife related research of interest to DWR. Lead DWR biologists and managers in developing applied research questions, communicate research questions to university faculty and researchers, and communicate research results to biologists and managers. Bryce King started birding in grade school- painting and sketching and learning the names of birds. James Audubon became a teacher for me as I looked at his plates and art work. As I got older the love for birds was still there. I was in a trance when a man came to my school with raptors and flew one over our heads in an auditorium. I learned everything I could. I was fourteen when I trapped by first bird. I met other falconers that took me in to help me further my love for raptors. I have been a falconer for forty-six years. I would look to identify other birds while flying my own birds. I love to paint birds and other animals in different mediums. I have been imployed with the Ogden Nature Center for 9 years as a wild life specialist. I enjoy teaching people about birds and nature. Ellen Labotka is a park ranger on Antelope Island State Park. She is a transplant from Illinois and has worked for Utah State Parks for over twenty years. She received a BA in Forestry focusing on natural resource recreational management. Her passion for the wilderness arose from visiting many national parks and meeting lots of awe inspiring rangers. John Luft graduated from Kansas State University with a B.S. in Wildlife Biology. He has worked for DWR since 1994 at Ogden Bay WMA and Farmington Bay WMA as assistant superintendent. He is now the Project Coordinator for the Great Salt Lake Ecosystem Project. Keeli Marvel discovered the wonderful world of birds while taking ornithology and world bird families courses at Brigham Young University. She has a Master's degree in Wildlife and Wildlands Conservation and has been the Natural Resource Specialist at Dugway Proving Ground for the last two years. She love spending time outdoors and currently serves as the president of the Utah County Birders. Tom Matthewson is a wildlife photographer from Davis County Utah. Andrea Nelson started carrying a bird guide on her runs down the Provo River Trail to Utah Lake after noticing birds she didn’t recognize. The spark was ignited, and she has incorporated bird ecology into her environmental education work at Red Butte Garden, the Natural History Museum of Utah and FRIENDS of Great Salt Lake. She currently heads the volunteer, education and outreach programs for the Utah Chapter of The Nature Conservancy and serves on the education committee of Great Salt Lake Audubon. Janet Nelson's love of the natural world began with her grandparents, who were both biologists. Her appreciation and fascination for nature deepened through family camping vacations and many outdoor experiences with the Girl Scouts. Janet then started volunteering with HawkWatch International in August 2007, and in September 2013 joined the HWI staff as an Educator. Janet loves caring for the raptor ambassadors and looks forward to continuing to educate school students and the general public about raptors, HWI's mission, and their scientific studies that effect conservation change. Ann Neville works for The Nature Conservancy of Utah. She is also the North American representative for Birdlife International. Ogden Nature Center: Located in the heart of Ogden, you'll find a 152-acre nature preserve and education center open to the public year-round. Visitors enjoy 1.5 miles of walking trails, picnic areas, tree houses, bird blinds and an exhibit of live birds of prey. Two of Utah's greenest buildings are on site to teach about sustainable structures. A unique gift shop is located in the Visitor Center. The Ogden Nature Center offers a wide variety of classes & workshops for all ages including art, photography, birding, wildlife in Utah, outdoor recreation, conservation, sustainability, summer camps and more. Bryant Olsen has been a bird lover since he picked up an 'Audubon Society Guide to Birds of North America' when he was 19 and has been actively studying and seeking out the company of birds ever since- almost 20 years now. Really more of a naturalist than a 'birder', he focuses on the way birds interact with their environment. Besides birds, he also has an interest in no-feathered wildlife, botany, geology, astronomy, as well as gardening. He works at the Salt Lake City Public Library. Charity Owens is the Naturalist and park ranger at Antelope Island State Park. She first became interested in birding as a park ranger at Utah Lake 13 years ago. Antelope Island has given her great opportunities to learn about new birds, especially burrowing owls. She loves to share insider knowledge about Antelope Island State Park with visitors. Don Paul is president of AvianWest Inc., a bird and habitat conservation business. He currently serves on the Shorebird Science Team for the Intermountain West Joint Venture. He is also President of the Linking Communities, Wetlands and Migratory Birds, Utah Committee. He also consults for a variety of organizations interested in conservation. He is a career wildlife biologist having served 34 years in several positions for the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources and four years as the Great Basin Bird Conservation Region Coordinator. Don is also a founding member of the GSL Bird Festival planning committee. Terri Pope has worked as a biologist for the Division of Wildlife Resources since 2012. She is currently the Sensitive Species Biologist in the Central Region. Terri earned her Master's degree from Northern Arizona University and Ph.D. from Texas A&M University. Her research focused on how differences in habitat conditions affect avian behavior. Vivian Schneggenburger began doing river trips many years ago and has been enthralled with the bird life along our Western river corridors. As a nurse she has a flexible schedule and spends time birding while hiking, river running and skiing. Bret Selman and his family are the owners of 4-Mile Ranch. They have been caretakers of this unique land for generations and are avid birdwatchers. Arnold Smith has been interested in birds, especially their nesting behavior since he was eight years old. He is a long time active member of Wasatch Audubon. Dickson Smith graduated from high school in Louisiana and attended USU. He's lived in Florida, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Wyoming, Montana, Alaska and Utah. Dickson has always had a love for the outdoors and especially for birds - "I envied them that they could fly and I couldn't. I remember as a boy running across the front yard flapping my arms trying to take off and fly." Dickson's cousin introduced him to birding when he was 6 living in Oklahoma, showing him a pair of nesting Killdeer and how they did the broken wing routine. He was hooked. He started photographing birds years later while a police officer in Alaska. Dickson also enjoyed falconry - " I loved the relationship of being able to be a part of a hunting partnership with a hawk or a falcon." He still lives in Utah and enjoys the beauty the outdoors has to offer. Weston Smith grew up watching birds with his father, Arnold. As a lifetime resident of Morgan County he has spent countless hours bird watching in different areas of the county. Weston also enjoys feeding birds and has counted approximately 124 species of birds in his yard over the past 6 years. Weston is a new member of the Board of Directors for Wasatch Audubon Society. Ella Sorensen is a well-known Utah birder and author and has worked and spoken avidly to protect bird habitats in the state. Ella is manager of the National Audubon Society's Gillmor Sanctuary on the south shore of Great Salt Lake. Kyle Stone graduated from Weber State University in 2006 with a bachelors in zoology. While there he discovered his love for birds while taking an ornithology class and began working for the Avian Ecology Lab. In 2009, after 4 years with AEL, he was hired by UDWR as a biologist on the Great Salt Lake Ecosystem Program.. Les Talbot is a retired Biology teacher, and has been an avid birder for the last 10 years. He is the fieldtrip chairman for the Wasatch Audubon, and sits on their Board of Directors. He currently volunteers at the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge teaching Environmental Education classes, and leading bird tours. Tracy Aviary: 589 East 1300 South Salt Lake City This newly remodeled site is open to the public for events, guided visits and self-guided visits to see birds. Tracy Aviary inspires curiosity and caring for birds and nature, in and out of the classroom. Utah County Birders- members including Dennis Shirley and Suzi Holt lead the Utah County Hotspots birding trip. Jim Van Leeuwen assists John Luft with the Great Salt Lake boat tours. Bob Walters is retired as the DWR's Watchable Wildlife Program Coordinator. He initiated Bald Eagle Day in 1990 and has led/hosted myriad Watchable Wildlife Program Field Trips for years. He instigated and continues to maintain, nurture and sustain the famous Salt Lake City peregrine falcon family in downtown SLC. With the cooperation of the LDS Church and SLC Peregrine Falcon Watchpost Team volunteers, Bob informs, educates and showcases the falcon family to passersby, spearheads the annual vigil to safeguard the first flights of the young-of-the-year birds and, since 2006, makes possible real-time, worldwide web coverage of the family via the SLC Peregrine Falcon Cam. Jesse Watson is a Research Biologist who has been with HawkWatch for one year. He co-manages HawkWatch's migration network and is significantly involved in their American Kestrel Study. He also assist in a variety of other raptor related research projects focusing on species ranging from Rough-legged Hawks to Golden Eagles. Jesse is also in the process of completing his M.Sc. research studying Ferruginous Hawks through the University of Alberta. Nikki Wayment received a B.S. in Fisheries and Wildlife from Utah State University. Her non-profit experience comes from her tenure at the Museum of Arts and Sciences in Macon, Ga, where she served as Curator of Science and Education. She has been with HawkWatch International for 5 years and loves sharing her passion for raptors, the environment, and the important work that they do. Wildlife Rehabilitation Center of Northern Utah executive director is DaLyn Erickson. She has over 13 years of experience training and working with species of raptor as well as most non-raptor species native to Utah. Throughout these years DaLyn has also provided wildlife education programs for groups of all ages. Address 1490 Park Blvd, Ogden UT 84401 Ben Woodruff is wildlife artist, falconer, and former Director of the Hutchings Museum. Great Salt Lake Bird Festival Tweets by @GSLBirdFest Davis County Website Davis County Admin Building Davis County Commission (801) 444-2300 :: Main 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. (except legal holidays) More than one Google Analytics scripts are registered. Please verify your pages and templates. The Davis County Government website is provided in English. However, the Google™ Translate option may assist visitors in reading it in other languages. Google™ Translate cannot translate all types of documents, and it may not give you an exact translation all the time. Anyone relying on information obtained from Google™ Translate does so at his or her own risk. Davis County does not make any promises, assurances, or guarantees as to the accuracy of the translations provided. Davis County, its legislatures, employees, officers, and/or agents shall not be liable for damages or losses of any kind resulting from, or in connection with, the use or performance of Google™ Translate, including but not limited to, damages or losses caused by reliance upon the accuracy of any such information, or damages incurred from the viewing, distributing, or copying of such materials.

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Sir Colin and Lady Juliana Campbell Posted byChristian Clay Columba Campbell 21 August 2014 23 August 2016 2 Comments on Sir Colin and Lady Juliana Campbell Sir Colin Campbell, 8th Laird of Glenorchy (d. 1640); engraved (1798) and published in Gallery of Eminent Persons of Scotland by John Pinkerton, 1799. Sir Colin Campbell, 2nd Baronet (c. 1577–1640), 8th Laird of Glenorchy, was the son of Sir Duncan Campbell, 1st Baronet and Lady Jane Stewart, a daughter of John Stewart, 4th Earl of Atholl. Sir Duncan was the 7th Laird of the Glenorchy branch of Clan Campbell, and his shrewd, ruthless dealings as “Black Duncan” had capped a spectacular rise in the family fortunes to national prominence in Scotland, with a baronetcy in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia. Sir Colin was a man of general culture, a patron of the arts, and devoted much effort to the family seat of Balloch Castle. He also improved Barcaldine Castle. Lady Juliana Campbell, wife of 8th Laird of Glenorchy (b. 1581); engraved (1798) and published in Gallery of Eminent Persons of Scotland by John Pinkerton, 1799. He married Juliana Campbell, daughter of Sir Hugh Campbell, 1st Lord Campbell of Loudoun and Margaret Gordon. Childless, they fostered Archibald Campbell (later 9th Earl of Argyll). This fostering repeated in the next generation that of Archibald’s father Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll, who became chief of Clan Campbell, and had been happily fostered (a custom of the period, but also with political ramifications within the clan) by Sir Duncan. Sir Colin Campbell, 8th Laird of Glenorchy (d. 1640); original painting (1633) from his house of Balloch (now Taymouth Castle). Lady Juliana Campbell, wife of 8th Laird of Glenorchy (b. 1581); original painting (1633) from his house of Balloch (now Taymouth Castle). In 1633, Sir Colin Campbell commissioned an artist to supply him with a series of portraits of Scottish kings and queens, as well as portraits of eight of his own male predecessors. These, totalling forty-one, were for the decoration of his tower house of Balloch (later Taymouth Castle); in the records of the house, the painter, who stayed for eight months, is simply referred to as “the German painter.” Item, the said Sir Coline bestowit and gave to ane Germane painter quhom he entertanit in his house aucht moneth, and that for painting of threttie broads of the Kingis of Scotland, and of Great Britannie, France and Ireland, and tua of thair Majesteis Queins of gude memorie, and of the said Sir Coline his awin and his predicessors portraitis, quhilkis portraitis ar sett up in the hall and chalmer of Daes of the house of Balloch, the soume of ane thousand pundis. Black Book of Taymouth. Sir Colin was also the foremost patron of George Jamesone, who in 1634 painted a series of the Ladies of Glenorchy (e.g. Invereil House, Lothian; remainder dispersed at sale, Invereil House, 3 March 1969), a set of eight head-and-shoulders portraits, each in a feigned oval surround, of the wives of former Glenorchy lairds: these were intended as companion pieces to the genealogical set of Campbell’s male predecessors that had been painted at his Taymouth home during the previous year by the unknown German artist. Posted byChristian Clay Columba Campbell 21 August 2014 23 August 2016 Posted inGeneralTags: 1st Lord Campbell of Loudoun, 1st Marquess of Argyll, 4th Earl of Atholl, 9th Earl of Argyll, Archibald Campbell, Balloch Castle, Barcaldine Castle, Baronetage of Nova Scotia, Black Book of Taymouth, Campbell of Glenorchy, Campbell of Loudoun, Clan Campbell, George Jamesone, Highlands of Scotland, John Pinkerton, Laird of Glenorchy, Perthshire, Scotland, Sir Colin Campbell of Glenorchy, Sir Duncan Campbell of Glenorchy, Sir Hugh Campbell, Taymouth Castle The Nard of Bernard’s Sanctity Duncan the Fortunate Pingback: Fostering: Argyll and Glenorchy - Eccentric Bliss Pingback: Colin Campbell, 8th Laird of Glenorchy – Eccentric Bliss

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News of jabs on I'm Good, Drake Responds To Lil Wayne's Jay-Z Dis LOS ANGELES -- If there is a Lil Wayne/Jay-Z beef brewing, Drake isn't indulging Although he is featured on Weezy's "It's Good" -- the leaked Carter IV track that finds Lil Tunechi throwing a subliminal shot in Hov's direction -- Drizzy downplayed any involvement. "I just got a beat and did a verse over it," Drake told MTV News from the red carpet for the BMI Urban Awards n L.A. on Friday before he accepted the award for Songwriter of the Year. "Whatever any other individual has to say, you have to ask the an himself. I just did what I know how to do. I just got on a record. I heard the beat, did a verse and heard the final product." On the song, VMA Nominee Wayne raps, "Talkin' 'bout Baby money? I got your Baby money/ Kidnap yo' bitch, get that how-much-you-love-your-lady money." To the casual listener, the line doesn't sound like much, but fanatics can connect the lyric directly to Jay-Z's jab on the Throne's "H.A.M." Get More: Music News It all started in 2009 when Cash Money CEO Bryan "Baby" Williams objected to Jay-Z topping MTV News' Hottest MCs list for that year. "I don't think he the number one MC, in no kinda way," Baby said, casting the first stone. "Wayne is the best, he do the most and he make the most money. I don't think no n---a in the business make more money than us." It took a few years, but Hov returned fire at the top of this year when he and Kanye leaked their first Watch the Throne track, claiming not only that Birdman and Wayne weren't seeing Jay-Z-caliber bucks, but that financially, they couldn't even compare to his wife, Beyoncé. "I'm like, 'Really, half-a-billi?' N---a, really, you got Baby money/ Keep it real with n---as, n---as ain't got my lady money," Jay lyrically retorted. Wayne hinted at retaliation when he sat down with MTV News correspondent Sway Calloway in March. "Me and my wit, given my wit, I would probably play off of it," Wayne explained. "But I wouldn't make it a competition, because actually, the subject that he's talking about in that line, I can't box with the God. I'd be the first one to tell you that, given my wit, and the type of person that I am, I'd capitalize and I'd play off of it. Yeah, I definitely would."

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Scotland 2006 - Days 1 & 2 - Edinburgh Fringe! This year as our annual big week long outing we joined Stephen's parents in Scotland for two days of what is perhaps the largest art festival on the planet, <a href="http://www.edfringe.com/">The Fringe</a>, and then 5 days of touring, mostly in the Highlands. Fringe was intense - 7 shows in 2 days, none of it like anything else. A quick run down: Thursday mid-day was <i>Devil's Advocate</i> which was a play based around the events leading to the surrender of General Noriega, specifically focused on his relation with the Archbishop Jose Laboa (The Guardian's review can be found <a href="http://arts.guardian.co.uk/critic/review/0,,1641945,00.html">here</a>. if anyone is interested). As for me, while I agree that it was a good play in that it really made people think (and was the root of some really good conversation for our group), I didn't like it, though I did in principle agree with the gist of what they were trying to say. 2 hours without an intermission is quite intense anyway. But in the end, glad that I saw it. Thursday afternoon was <i>The Adventures of Bitter and Twisted</i>, a little bit of puppetry and music around a typically Gothic style story. Cute and fun, which was exactly what we needed after the hefty piece of theatre earlier. Thursday evening was the ever memorable <i>Havana Rumba</i> (good 3rd party review can be found <a href="http://www.edinburgh-festivals.com/reviews.cfm?id=1164512006">here</a>). I was expecting something in more of a cabaret setting, but it turned out to be an absolutely amazing stage show. There was a "narrator", for lack of a better term, who's job it was to try to turn the show into more of a story, but the real feature was the dancing. And ladies and gents could they dance!! Absolutely amazing and it really made you wonder if music flowed in their veins instead of blood. A really good mix of solos and group numbers meant that the dancers stayed pretty energetic througout. I don't remember the last time we had such a fun evening out. No one in the audience could sit still. Friday late morning was an adaptation (mainly through substantial cutting to get it down to one hour) of Marlowe's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tragical_History_of_Doctor_Faustus"><i>Doctor Faustus</i></a> which turned out to be pretty good. The one particular part of this adaptation that I liked was how they split Mephistophilis into 2 people, a man and a woman. Excellently done. Friday afternoon was <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassins_%28musical%29"><i>Assassins</i></a>, the Steven Sondheim musical. Unfortunately, the music seemed to be above the abilities of most of the performers (including the pit), though they gave it their all, and there were still some really good moments. In particular, the actors who played John 'Wilkes Booth and Leon Czolgosz were very good, and I wouldn't be surprised to see them in a major theatre at some point in the future. Friday early evening was <i>One Set to Love</i>, a comedy about two very English gentlemen exploring their past and making up after their recent estrangement. This was a two man setting, which they played extremely well. Good stuff. Friday late evening was <i>Knots</i>, which was the best show of the festival for us (review can be found <a href=http://www.edinburgh-festivals.com/reviews.cfm?id=1158962006">here</a>). It was based on a set of writings by RD Laing, it explored the theme of modern British dating and relationships through both movement and speech. Just incredible both in terms of character development (3 pairs, the women all called Jill and the men all called Jack), dance, and variations on the themes. Difficult to describe on paper, but stunning, just stunning. I didn't take any pictures during this time, mostly because, as you can see from above, we spent almost all of our time indoors. But walking through the streets of Edinburgh was absolutely electric, the air literally crackled with the energy. The city during the rest of the year is fantastic, but during Fringe it's something altogether different. During those four weeks, it is indeed the centre of the arts universe, and everyone there is just having a good time. Amazing, and will definitely be something that Stephen and I turn into an annual event. Labels: europe, scotland, uk Location: Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK The Costa Del Sol Scotland 2006 - Day 6 - A drive Scotland 2006 - Day 5 - Hiking in the Highlands Scotland 2006 - Day 4 - Iona Scotland 2006 - Day 3 - The Highlands

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