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Which team did the player Nikos Zisis belong to in Oct 2012?

/wiki/Nikos_Zisis#P54#4

Nikos Zisis Nikolaos Nikos Zisis ( alternate spelling : Zissis ; ; born August 16 , 1983 ) is a Greek professional basketball player for AEK Athens of the Greek Basket League and the Basketball Champions League . At a height of 1.97 m ( 65 ) tall , he plays at both the point guard and shooting guard positions . During his senior mens playing career , Zisis won the 2008 EuroLeague championship , while a member of CSKA Moscow . Zisis also won 9 national league championships in various European domestic leagues ( four Italian League titles , two Russian League titles , two German League titles , and one Greek League title ) . In addition to that , he also won 8 national cup titles ( four Italian Cups , two German Cups , one Russian Cup , and one Greek Cup ) . Two of his club teams , XAN Thessaloniki and Brose Bamberg , retired his team jerseys . As a member of the senior Greek national basketball team , Zisis won the gold medal at the 2005 EuroBasket , the silver medal at the 2006 FIBA World Championship , and the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket . Early years . Zisis started his basketball playing career in the year 1996 , playing with the junior teams of XAN Thessaloniki ( English : YMCA Thessaloniki ) . He was with the club until 2000 . The club would later go on to retire his jersey , in 2018 . Professional career . Greece and Italy . At the age of 17 , Zisis moved to Athens , and to the Greek League team AEK , where he began his professional basketball career . With AEK , he won the Greek Cup in 2001 , and also the Greek League championship , in 2002 . He also won the Greek League Best Young Player award in 2002 . He then moved to Treviso , Italy , and played on the Italian League team Benetton Treviso . With Treviso , he won the Italian Super Cup and the Italian League championship in the year 2006 , and also the Italian Cup in the year 2007 . He then left Italy , and moved to Moscow , Russia . Russia , Italy and Spain . On June 13 , 2007 , he signed a 3-year contract worth €5 million euros net income with the Russian team CSKA Moscow . With CSKA , Zisis won the EuroLeague championship at the 2008 EuroLeague Final Four . In 2009 , he left CSKA , and signed a 2-year contract worth €1.6 million euros net income with the Italian League club Montepaschi Siena . In 2010 , he signed a 2-year extension with Montepaschi . In 2012 , he signed a 2-year contract , with the second year being an option year , with the Spanish League club Bilbao . He moved to the Russian VTB United League club UNICS Kazan , in July 2013 . Fenerbahçe . On December 29 , 2014 , the Turkish League club Fenerbahçe Ülker acquired Zisis . With Zisis playing 24.4 minutes per game , Fenerbahçe advanced to the 2015 EuroLeague Final Four . It was the first time in the teams history that they made it to the EuroLeague Final Four . However , on May 15 , 2015 , they lost in the EuroLeague semifinals to Real Madrid , by a score of 87–96 . Brose Bamberg . On July 16 , 2015 , Zisis signed a two-year contract with the German Basketball Bundesliga ( BBL ) club Brose Bamberg . In 2017 , he extended his contract with Brose , through the year 2019 . With Bamberg , he won two German BBL League championships ( 2016 , 2017 ) and two German Cups ( 2017 , 2019 ) . In the 2019 German Cup Final , Zisis hit the game-winner , with 2.4 seconds left in the game , to give Bamberg an 83–82 win over Alba Berlin . On September 7 , 2019 , Bamberg retired Zisis number 6 jersey . Joventut Badalona . On July 15 , 2019 , Zisis signed a two-year deal with the Spanish Liga ACB club Joventut Badalona . National team career . Greek junior national team . With Greeces under-16 junior national team , Zisis won the silver medal at the 1999 FIBA Under-16 European Championship , and he also led the tournament in scoring . He also won the bronze medal at the 2000 FIBA Under-18 European Championship . Zisis played with Greeces under-26 national selection at the 2001 Tunis Mediterranean Games . At the 2001 Mediterranean Games , he helped Greece win the silver medal at the tournament . In addition , Zisis won the gold medal with the Greek under-20 junior national team at the 2002 FIBA Under-20 European Championship , where he was also named the tournaments MVP . Greek senior national team . As a member of the senior mens Greek national basketball team , Zisis won the gold medal at the 2005 EuroBasket , which was held in Serbia and Montenegro . He was Greeces leading scorer during the tournament , averaging 10.6 points per game . At the end of the semifinal game against the French national basketball team , Zisis drove the length of the court , drove into the middle of the floor , drew a double team , and then dished the ball out to Dimitris Diamantidis , who hit a game-winning 3 pointer . After his great performance at the EuroBasket in 2005 , Zisis was named the FIBA Europe Young Player of the Year . The next year , at the 2006 FIBA World Championship , which was held in Japan , Zisis hit a game winning 3-point shot at the end of the game against the Australian national basketball team , to give Greece a 72–69 victory . However , in the next game in the tournament , he was hit on the cheekbone and eye socket bone by the elbow of the Brazilian national basketball teams Anderson Varejão . Zisis suffered a severe facial injury that forced him to sit out for the remaining entirety of the 2006 World Championship , as the injury required surgery . Even though Greece lost Zisis , who was their leading scorer the year before at the 2005 EuroBasket , they were still able to win the silver medal ( including an improbable upset victory over Team USA in the semifinals ) during the World Championship tournament . At the 2007 EuroBasket , Zisis was one of the two key Greek players , along with Theo Papaloukas , that led Greeces national team to the biggest comeback in the history of the EuroBasket , against the Slovenian national basketball team . The comeback was called the miracle . Greece finished the tournament in 4th place . Zisis has also competed with Greece at the 2004 Summer Olympics , where Greece finished in 5th place in the world , and at the 2008 Summer Olympics , where Greece also finished in 5th place in the world . He also played at the following tournaments : the 2009 EuroBasket , where he won a bronze medal , the 2010 FIBA World Championship , the 2011 EuroBasket , the 2012 FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament , the 2013 EuroBasket , the 2014 FIBA World Cup , and the 2015 EuroBasket . In 2019 , the Hellenic Basketball Federation honored Zisis , in recognition of his contributions to the senior Greek national basketball team , with which he had 189 caps ( games played ) . Player profile . Zisis is 1.97 m ( 6 ft 5 in ) tall , and he plays mainly at the point guard and shooting guard positions , although he can also play at the small forward position if necessary . His primary position with his pro club teams is point guard , while his primary position with the Greek national team was shooting guard . Zisis is known as The Lord of the Rings , because he is the Greek player with the most combined medals won at the cadet , junior , young mens , and senior mens FIBA European and world tournaments . Personal life . Zisis is very close friends with his fellow Greek national basketball team player Vassilis Spanoulis , and he is also friends with Italian national basketball team player Andrea Bargnani . He married Fani Skoufi in 2010 , with Vassilis Spanoulis being his best man . His nickname is The Lord of the Rings . Awards and accomplishments . Club titles and national team medals won . - AEK Athens - Greek Cup : 2000–01 , 2019–20 - Greek Basket League : 2001–02 - Treviso - Lega Basket Serie A : 2005–06 - Italian Cup : 2007 - Italian Super Cup : 2006 - Montepaschi Siena - Lega Basket Serie A ( 3 ) : 2009–10 , 2010–11 , 2011–12 - Italian Cup ( 3 ) : ( 2010 , 2011 , 2012 ) - Italian Cup Supercup ( 3 ) : ( 2010 , 2011 , 2012 ) - CSKA Moscow - EuroLeague champion : 2007–08 - Russian Professional Championship : ( 2 ) 2007–08 , 2008–09 - VTB United League : 2008–09 - Russian Cup : 2013–14 - Brose Bamberg - Basketball Bundesliga champion ( 2 ) : 2015–16 , 2016–17 - BBL-Pokal ( 2 ) : 2017 , 2018–19 - BBL Champions Cup : 2015 Greek junior national team . - 1999 FIBA Under-16 European Championship : - 2000 FIBA Under-18 European Championship : - 2001 Mediterranean Games : - 2002 FIBA Under-20 European Championship : Greek senior national team . - 8× Acropolis Tournament Champion : ( 2004 , 2005 , 2006 , 2007 , 2008 , 2009 , 2010 , 2013 ) - 2005 EuroBasket : - 2006 FIBA Stanković Continental Champions’ Cup : - 2006 FIBA World Championship : - 2009 EuroBasket : Individual awards . - FIBA Under-16 European Championship Top Scorer : 1999 - Greek League Best Young Player : 2001–02 - FIBA Under-20 European Championship MVP : 2002 - 2× Greek League All-Star : 2004 , 2005 - FIBA Europe Young Player of the Year : 2005 - Acropolis Tournament MVP : ( 2013 ) - Jersey retired by XAN Thessaloniki : 2018 - German Cup Final MVP : 2019 - Number 6 jersey retired by Brose Bamberg : 2019 External links . - Nikos Zisis at acb.com - Nikos Zisis at basket.gr - Nikos Zisis at baskethotel.com - Nikos Zisis at draftexpress.com - Nikos Zisis at eurobasket.com - Nikos Zisis at euroleague.net - Nikos Zisis at fiba.com ( archive ) - Nikos Zisis at fibaeurope.com - Nikos Zisis at legabasket.it - Nikos Zisis at esake.g

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Which team did the player Nikos Zisis belong to in Dec 2013?

/wiki/Nikos_Zisis#P54#5

Nikos Zisis Nikolaos Nikos Zisis ( alternate spelling : Zissis ; ; born August 16 , 1983 ) is a Greek professional basketball player for AEK Athens of the Greek Basket League and the Basketball Champions League . At a height of 1.97 m ( 65 ) tall , he plays at both the point guard and shooting guard positions . During his senior mens playing career , Zisis won the 2008 EuroLeague championship , while a member of CSKA Moscow . Zisis also won 9 national league championships in various European domestic leagues ( four Italian League titles , two Russian League titles , two German League titles , and one Greek League title ) . In addition to that , he also won 8 national cup titles ( four Italian Cups , two German Cups , one Russian Cup , and one Greek Cup ) . Two of his club teams , XAN Thessaloniki and Brose Bamberg , retired his team jerseys . As a member of the senior Greek national basketball team , Zisis won the gold medal at the 2005 EuroBasket , the silver medal at the 2006 FIBA World Championship , and the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket . Early years . Zisis started his basketball playing career in the year 1996 , playing with the junior teams of XAN Thessaloniki ( English : YMCA Thessaloniki ) . He was with the club until 2000 . The club would later go on to retire his jersey , in 2018 . Professional career . Greece and Italy . At the age of 17 , Zisis moved to Athens , and to the Greek League team AEK , where he began his professional basketball career . With AEK , he won the Greek Cup in 2001 , and also the Greek League championship , in 2002 . He also won the Greek League Best Young Player award in 2002 . He then moved to Treviso , Italy , and played on the Italian League team Benetton Treviso . With Treviso , he won the Italian Super Cup and the Italian League championship in the year 2006 , and also the Italian Cup in the year 2007 . He then left Italy , and moved to Moscow , Russia . Russia , Italy and Spain . On June 13 , 2007 , he signed a 3-year contract worth €5 million euros net income with the Russian team CSKA Moscow . With CSKA , Zisis won the EuroLeague championship at the 2008 EuroLeague Final Four . In 2009 , he left CSKA , and signed a 2-year contract worth €1.6 million euros net income with the Italian League club Montepaschi Siena . In 2010 , he signed a 2-year extension with Montepaschi . In 2012 , he signed a 2-year contract , with the second year being an option year , with the Spanish League club Bilbao . He moved to the Russian VTB United League club UNICS Kazan , in July 2013 . Fenerbahçe . On December 29 , 2014 , the Turkish League club Fenerbahçe Ülker acquired Zisis . With Zisis playing 24.4 minutes per game , Fenerbahçe advanced to the 2015 EuroLeague Final Four . It was the first time in the teams history that they made it to the EuroLeague Final Four . However , on May 15 , 2015 , they lost in the EuroLeague semifinals to Real Madrid , by a score of 87–96 . Brose Bamberg . On July 16 , 2015 , Zisis signed a two-year contract with the German Basketball Bundesliga ( BBL ) club Brose Bamberg . In 2017 , he extended his contract with Brose , through the year 2019 . With Bamberg , he won two German BBL League championships ( 2016 , 2017 ) and two German Cups ( 2017 , 2019 ) . In the 2019 German Cup Final , Zisis hit the game-winner , with 2.4 seconds left in the game , to give Bamberg an 83–82 win over Alba Berlin . On September 7 , 2019 , Bamberg retired Zisis number 6 jersey . Joventut Badalona . On July 15 , 2019 , Zisis signed a two-year deal with the Spanish Liga ACB club Joventut Badalona . National team career . Greek junior national team . With Greeces under-16 junior national team , Zisis won the silver medal at the 1999 FIBA Under-16 European Championship , and he also led the tournament in scoring . He also won the bronze medal at the 2000 FIBA Under-18 European Championship . Zisis played with Greeces under-26 national selection at the 2001 Tunis Mediterranean Games . At the 2001 Mediterranean Games , he helped Greece win the silver medal at the tournament . In addition , Zisis won the gold medal with the Greek under-20 junior national team at the 2002 FIBA Under-20 European Championship , where he was also named the tournaments MVP . Greek senior national team . As a member of the senior mens Greek national basketball team , Zisis won the gold medal at the 2005 EuroBasket , which was held in Serbia and Montenegro . He was Greeces leading scorer during the tournament , averaging 10.6 points per game . At the end of the semifinal game against the French national basketball team , Zisis drove the length of the court , drove into the middle of the floor , drew a double team , and then dished the ball out to Dimitris Diamantidis , who hit a game-winning 3 pointer . After his great performance at the EuroBasket in 2005 , Zisis was named the FIBA Europe Young Player of the Year . The next year , at the 2006 FIBA World Championship , which was held in Japan , Zisis hit a game winning 3-point shot at the end of the game against the Australian national basketball team , to give Greece a 72–69 victory . However , in the next game in the tournament , he was hit on the cheekbone and eye socket bone by the elbow of the Brazilian national basketball teams Anderson Varejão . Zisis suffered a severe facial injury that forced him to sit out for the remaining entirety of the 2006 World Championship , as the injury required surgery . Even though Greece lost Zisis , who was their leading scorer the year before at the 2005 EuroBasket , they were still able to win the silver medal ( including an improbable upset victory over Team USA in the semifinals ) during the World Championship tournament . At the 2007 EuroBasket , Zisis was one of the two key Greek players , along with Theo Papaloukas , that led Greeces national team to the biggest comeback in the history of the EuroBasket , against the Slovenian national basketball team . The comeback was called the miracle . Greece finished the tournament in 4th place . Zisis has also competed with Greece at the 2004 Summer Olympics , where Greece finished in 5th place in the world , and at the 2008 Summer Olympics , where Greece also finished in 5th place in the world . He also played at the following tournaments : the 2009 EuroBasket , where he won a bronze medal , the 2010 FIBA World Championship , the 2011 EuroBasket , the 2012 FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament , the 2013 EuroBasket , the 2014 FIBA World Cup , and the 2015 EuroBasket . In 2019 , the Hellenic Basketball Federation honored Zisis , in recognition of his contributions to the senior Greek national basketball team , with which he had 189 caps ( games played ) . Player profile . Zisis is 1.97 m ( 6 ft 5 in ) tall , and he plays mainly at the point guard and shooting guard positions , although he can also play at the small forward position if necessary . His primary position with his pro club teams is point guard , while his primary position with the Greek national team was shooting guard . Zisis is known as The Lord of the Rings , because he is the Greek player with the most combined medals won at the cadet , junior , young mens , and senior mens FIBA European and world tournaments . Personal life . Zisis is very close friends with his fellow Greek national basketball team player Vassilis Spanoulis , and he is also friends with Italian national basketball team player Andrea Bargnani . He married Fani Skoufi in 2010 , with Vassilis Spanoulis being his best man . His nickname is The Lord of the Rings . Awards and accomplishments . Club titles and national team medals won . - AEK Athens - Greek Cup : 2000–01 , 2019–20 - Greek Basket League : 2001–02 - Treviso - Lega Basket Serie A : 2005–06 - Italian Cup : 2007 - Italian Super Cup : 2006 - Montepaschi Siena - Lega Basket Serie A ( 3 ) : 2009–10 , 2010–11 , 2011–12 - Italian Cup ( 3 ) : ( 2010 , 2011 , 2012 ) - Italian Cup Supercup ( 3 ) : ( 2010 , 2011 , 2012 ) - CSKA Moscow - EuroLeague champion : 2007–08 - Russian Professional Championship : ( 2 ) 2007–08 , 2008–09 - VTB United League : 2008–09 - Russian Cup : 2013–14 - Brose Bamberg - Basketball Bundesliga champion ( 2 ) : 2015–16 , 2016–17 - BBL-Pokal ( 2 ) : 2017 , 2018–19 - BBL Champions Cup : 2015 Greek junior national team . - 1999 FIBA Under-16 European Championship : - 2000 FIBA Under-18 European Championship : - 2001 Mediterranean Games : - 2002 FIBA Under-20 European Championship : Greek senior national team . - 8× Acropolis Tournament Champion : ( 2004 , 2005 , 2006 , 2007 , 2008 , 2009 , 2010 , 2013 ) - 2005 EuroBasket : - 2006 FIBA Stanković Continental Champions’ Cup : - 2006 FIBA World Championship : - 2009 EuroBasket : Individual awards . - FIBA Under-16 European Championship Top Scorer : 1999 - Greek League Best Young Player : 2001–02 - FIBA Under-20 European Championship MVP : 2002 - 2× Greek League All-Star : 2004 , 2005 - FIBA Europe Young Player of the Year : 2005 - Acropolis Tournament MVP : ( 2013 ) - Jersey retired by XAN Thessaloniki : 2018 - German Cup Final MVP : 2019 - Number 6 jersey retired by Brose Bamberg : 2019 External links . - Nikos Zisis at acb.com - Nikos Zisis at basket.gr - Nikos Zisis at baskethotel.com - Nikos Zisis at draftexpress.com - Nikos Zisis at eurobasket.com - Nikos Zisis at euroleague.net - Nikos Zisis at fiba.com ( archive ) - Nikos Zisis at fibaeurope.com - Nikos Zisis at legabasket.it - Nikos Zisis at esake.g

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Which team did the player Nikos Zisis belong to after Jun 2014?

/wiki/Nikos_Zisis#P54#6

Nikos Zisis Nikolaos Nikos Zisis ( alternate spelling : Zissis ; ; born August 16 , 1983 ) is a Greek professional basketball player for AEK Athens of the Greek Basket League and the Basketball Champions League . At a height of 1.97 m ( 65 ) tall , he plays at both the point guard and shooting guard positions . During his senior mens playing career , Zisis won the 2008 EuroLeague championship , while a member of CSKA Moscow . Zisis also won 9 national league championships in various European domestic leagues ( four Italian League titles , two Russian League titles , two German League titles , and one Greek League title ) . In addition to that , he also won 8 national cup titles ( four Italian Cups , two German Cups , one Russian Cup , and one Greek Cup ) . Two of his club teams , XAN Thessaloniki and Brose Bamberg , retired his team jerseys . As a member of the senior Greek national basketball team , Zisis won the gold medal at the 2005 EuroBasket , the silver medal at the 2006 FIBA World Championship , and the bronze medal at the 2009 EuroBasket . Early years . Zisis started his basketball playing career in the year 1996 , playing with the junior teams of XAN Thessaloniki ( English : YMCA Thessaloniki ) . He was with the club until 2000 . The club would later go on to retire his jersey , in 2018 . Professional career . Greece and Italy . At the age of 17 , Zisis moved to Athens , and to the Greek League team AEK , where he began his professional basketball career . With AEK , he won the Greek Cup in 2001 , and also the Greek League championship , in 2002 . He also won the Greek League Best Young Player award in 2002 . He then moved to Treviso , Italy , and played on the Italian League team Benetton Treviso . With Treviso , he won the Italian Super Cup and the Italian League championship in the year 2006 , and also the Italian Cup in the year 2007 . He then left Italy , and moved to Moscow , Russia . Russia , Italy and Spain . On June 13 , 2007 , he signed a 3-year contract worth €5 million euros net income with the Russian team CSKA Moscow . With CSKA , Zisis won the EuroLeague championship at the 2008 EuroLeague Final Four . In 2009 , he left CSKA , and signed a 2-year contract worth €1.6 million euros net income with the Italian League club Montepaschi Siena . In 2010 , he signed a 2-year extension with Montepaschi . In 2012 , he signed a 2-year contract , with the second year being an option year , with the Spanish League club Bilbao . He moved to the Russian VTB United League club UNICS Kazan , in July 2013 . Fenerbahçe . On December 29 , 2014 , the Turkish League club Fenerbahçe Ülker acquired Zisis . With Zisis playing 24.4 minutes per game , Fenerbahçe advanced to the 2015 EuroLeague Final Four . It was the first time in the teams history that they made it to the EuroLeague Final Four . However , on May 15 , 2015 , they lost in the EuroLeague semifinals to Real Madrid , by a score of 87–96 . Brose Bamberg . On July 16 , 2015 , Zisis signed a two-year contract with the German Basketball Bundesliga ( BBL ) club Brose Bamberg . In 2017 , he extended his contract with Brose , through the year 2019 . With Bamberg , he won two German BBL League championships ( 2016 , 2017 ) and two German Cups ( 2017 , 2019 ) . In the 2019 German Cup Final , Zisis hit the game-winner , with 2.4 seconds left in the game , to give Bamberg an 83–82 win over Alba Berlin . On September 7 , 2019 , Bamberg retired Zisis number 6 jersey . Joventut Badalona . On July 15 , 2019 , Zisis signed a two-year deal with the Spanish Liga ACB club Joventut Badalona . National team career . Greek junior national team . With Greeces under-16 junior national team , Zisis won the silver medal at the 1999 FIBA Under-16 European Championship , and he also led the tournament in scoring . He also won the bronze medal at the 2000 FIBA Under-18 European Championship . Zisis played with Greeces under-26 national selection at the 2001 Tunis Mediterranean Games . At the 2001 Mediterranean Games , he helped Greece win the silver medal at the tournament . In addition , Zisis won the gold medal with the Greek under-20 junior national team at the 2002 FIBA Under-20 European Championship , where he was also named the tournaments MVP . Greek senior national team . As a member of the senior mens Greek national basketball team , Zisis won the gold medal at the 2005 EuroBasket , which was held in Serbia and Montenegro . He was Greeces leading scorer during the tournament , averaging 10.6 points per game . At the end of the semifinal game against the French national basketball team , Zisis drove the length of the court , drove into the middle of the floor , drew a double team , and then dished the ball out to Dimitris Diamantidis , who hit a game-winning 3 pointer . After his great performance at the EuroBasket in 2005 , Zisis was named the FIBA Europe Young Player of the Year . The next year , at the 2006 FIBA World Championship , which was held in Japan , Zisis hit a game winning 3-point shot at the end of the game against the Australian national basketball team , to give Greece a 72–69 victory . However , in the next game in the tournament , he was hit on the cheekbone and eye socket bone by the elbow of the Brazilian national basketball teams Anderson Varejão . Zisis suffered a severe facial injury that forced him to sit out for the remaining entirety of the 2006 World Championship , as the injury required surgery . Even though Greece lost Zisis , who was their leading scorer the year before at the 2005 EuroBasket , they were still able to win the silver medal ( including an improbable upset victory over Team USA in the semifinals ) during the World Championship tournament . At the 2007 EuroBasket , Zisis was one of the two key Greek players , along with Theo Papaloukas , that led Greeces national team to the biggest comeback in the history of the EuroBasket , against the Slovenian national basketball team . The comeback was called the miracle . Greece finished the tournament in 4th place . Zisis has also competed with Greece at the 2004 Summer Olympics , where Greece finished in 5th place in the world , and at the 2008 Summer Olympics , where Greece also finished in 5th place in the world . He also played at the following tournaments : the 2009 EuroBasket , where he won a bronze medal , the 2010 FIBA World Championship , the 2011 EuroBasket , the 2012 FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament , the 2013 EuroBasket , the 2014 FIBA World Cup , and the 2015 EuroBasket . In 2019 , the Hellenic Basketball Federation honored Zisis , in recognition of his contributions to the senior Greek national basketball team , with which he had 189 caps ( games played ) . Player profile . Zisis is 1.97 m ( 6 ft 5 in ) tall , and he plays mainly at the point guard and shooting guard positions , although he can also play at the small forward position if necessary . His primary position with his pro club teams is point guard , while his primary position with the Greek national team was shooting guard . Zisis is known as The Lord of the Rings , because he is the Greek player with the most combined medals won at the cadet , junior , young mens , and senior mens FIBA European and world tournaments . Personal life . Zisis is very close friends with his fellow Greek national basketball team player Vassilis Spanoulis , and he is also friends with Italian national basketball team player Andrea Bargnani . He married Fani Skoufi in 2010 , with Vassilis Spanoulis being his best man . His nickname is The Lord of the Rings . Awards and accomplishments . Club titles and national team medals won . - AEK Athens - Greek Cup : 2000–01 , 2019–20 - Greek Basket League : 2001–02 - Treviso - Lega Basket Serie A : 2005–06 - Italian Cup : 2007 - Italian Super Cup : 2006 - Montepaschi Siena - Lega Basket Serie A ( 3 ) : 2009–10 , 2010–11 , 2011–12 - Italian Cup ( 3 ) : ( 2010 , 2011 , 2012 ) - Italian Cup Supercup ( 3 ) : ( 2010 , 2011 , 2012 ) - CSKA Moscow - EuroLeague champion : 2007–08 - Russian Professional Championship : ( 2 ) 2007–08 , 2008–09 - VTB United League : 2008–09 - Russian Cup : 2013–14 - Brose Bamberg - Basketball Bundesliga champion ( 2 ) : 2015–16 , 2016–17 - BBL-Pokal ( 2 ) : 2017 , 2018–19 - BBL Champions Cup : 2015 Greek junior national team . - 1999 FIBA Under-16 European Championship : - 2000 FIBA Under-18 European Championship : - 2001 Mediterranean Games : - 2002 FIBA Under-20 European Championship : Greek senior national team . - 8× Acropolis Tournament Champion : ( 2004 , 2005 , 2006 , 2007 , 2008 , 2009 , 2010 , 2013 ) - 2005 EuroBasket : - 2006 FIBA Stanković Continental Champions’ Cup : - 2006 FIBA World Championship : - 2009 EuroBasket : Individual awards . - FIBA Under-16 European Championship Top Scorer : 1999 - Greek League Best Young Player : 2001–02 - FIBA Under-20 European Championship MVP : 2002 - 2× Greek League All-Star : 2004 , 2005 - FIBA Europe Young Player of the Year : 2005 - Acropolis Tournament MVP : ( 2013 ) - Jersey retired by XAN Thessaloniki : 2018 - German Cup Final MVP : 2019 - Number 6 jersey retired by Brose Bamberg : 2019 External links . - Nikos Zisis at acb.com - Nikos Zisis at basket.gr - Nikos Zisis at baskethotel.com - Nikos Zisis at draftexpress.com - Nikos Zisis at eurobasket.com - Nikos Zisis at euroleague.net - Nikos Zisis at fiba.com ( archive ) - Nikos Zisis at fibaeurope.com - Nikos Zisis at legabasket.it - Nikos Zisis at esake.g

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What was the position of John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford in Oct 1749?

/wiki/John_Russell,_4th_Duke_of_Bedford#P39#0

John Russell , 4th Duke of Bedford John Russell , 4th Duke of Bedford , ( 30 September 17105 January 1771 ) was an 18th-century British statesman . Bedford was leading Whig political figure around the time of the Seven Years War , and negotiated the Treaty of Paris which ended the conflict in 1763 . He was also an early promoter of cricket and a patron of the arts who commissioned many works from artists , most notably Canaletto . Early life . He was the fourth son of Wriothesley Russell , 2nd Duke of Bedford , by his wife , Elizabeth , daughter and heiress of John Howland of Streatham , Surrey . Known as Lord John Russell , he married in October 1731 Diana Spencer , daughter of Charles Spencer , 3rd Earl of Sunderland ; became Duke of Bedford on his brothers death a year later ; and having lost his first wife in 1735 , married in April 1737 Lady Gertrude Leveson-Gower ( died 1794 ) , daughter of John Leveson-Gower , 1st Earl Gower . Early political career . In the House of Lords he joined the Patriot Whig opposition hostile to the Prime Minister Sir Robert Walpole , took a fairly prominent part in public business , and earned the dislike of George II . When Carteret , now Earl Granville , resigned office in November 1744 , Bedford became First Lord of the Admiralty in the administration of Henry Pelham , and was made a privy councillor . He was very successful at the admiralty , but was not equally fortunate after he became Secretary of State for the Southern Department in February 1748 . Pelham accused him of idleness and he was constantly at variance with his colleague The Duke of Newcastle . Newcastle , who had previously admired The Earl of Sandwich , Bedfords successor as First Lord of the Admiralty , for his forthright and hardline views , had increasingly begun to distrust him and his relationship with Bedford . Newcastle engineered the dismissal of both of them , by sacking Sandwich in June 1751 . Bedford resigned in protest , as Newcastle had calculated , allowing him to replace them with men he considered more loyal personally to him . During his time in the post he was accused of spending far too much time at his country estate playing cricket and shooting pheasants . Cricket . Bedford was very keen on cricket . The earliest surviving record of his involvement in the sport comes from 1741 when he hosted Bedfordshire v Northamptonshire & Huntingdonshire at Woburn Park . The combined Northamptonshire & Huntingdonshire team won . Bedford arranged the match with his friends George Montagu-Dunk , 2nd Earl of Halifax ( Northants ) and John Montagu , 4th Earl of Sandwich ( Hunts ) . A few days later , there was a return match at Cow Meadow , Northampton , and the combined team won again . By 1743 , Bedford had developed Woburn Cricket Club into a leading team that was able to compete against London . The team was prominent in 1743 and 1744 but , after that , there is no further mention of it in the surviving sources . Seven Years War . Lord Lieutenant of Ireland . Instigated by his friends , he was active in opposition to the government , becoming the leader of a faction named after him , the Bedford Whigs . After Newcastles resignation in November 1756 , Bedford became Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the new government led by William Pitt and the Duke of Devonshire . He retained this office after Newcastle , in alliance with Pitt , returned to power in June 1757 . In Ireland he favoured a relaxation of the penal laws against Roman Catholics , but did not keep his promises to observe neutrality between the rival parties , and to abstain from securing pensions for his friends . His own courtly manners and generosity , and his wifes good qualities , however , seem to have gained for him some popularity , although Horace Walpole says he disgusted everybody ( the word disgusting then had a much wider range of meanings than it has today , and at its mildest meant simply reserved ) . He oversaw the Irish response to the threatened French invasion in 1759 , and the landing of a small French force in northern Ireland . In March 1761 he resigned this office . Peace negotiator . Having allied himself with the Earl of Bute and the party anxious to bring the Seven Years War to a close , Bedford was noticed as the strongest opponent of Pitt , and became Lord Privy Seal under Bute after Pitt resigned in October 1761 . The cabinet of Bute was divided over the policy to be pursued with regard to the war , but the peace faction prevailed , and in September 1762 Bedford went to France to open formal negations for peace . He was considerably annoyed because some of the peace negotiations were conducted through other channels , but he signed the Peace of Paris in February 1763 . Amongst other gains Britain received Canada from France and Florida from Spain . Resigning his office as Lord Privy Seal soon afterwards , various causes of estrangement arose between Bute and Bedford , and the subsequent relations of the two men were somewhat virulent . Grenville ministry . The duke refused to take office under George Grenville on Butes resignation in April 1763 , and sought to induce Pitt to return to power . A report , however , that Pitt would only take office on condition that Bedford was excluded , incensed him and , smarting under this rebuff , he joined the cabinet of Grenville as Lord President of the Council in September 1763 . His haughty manner , his somewhat insulting language , and his attitude with regard to the regency bill in 1765 offended George III , who sought in vain to supplant him , and after this failure was obliged to make humiliating concessions to the ministry . In July 1765 , however , he was able to dispense with the services of Bedford and his colleagues , and the duke became the leader of a political party , distinguished for rapacity , and known as the Bedford party , or the Bloomsbury gang . During his term of office he had opposed a bill to place high import duties on Italian silks . He was consequently assaulted and his London residence attacked by a mob . He took some part in subsequent political intrigues , and although he did not return to office , his friends , with his consent , joined the ministry of the Duke of Grafton in December 1767 . This proceeding led Junius to write his Letter to the Duke of Bedford , one of especial violence . Bedford was hostile to John Wilkes , and narrowly escaped from a mob favourable to the agitator at Honiton in July 1769 . Children . Child of John Russell and his first wife Lady Diana Spencer : - John Russell , Marquess of Tavistock ( died at birth 6 November 1732 ) Children of John Russell and his second wife Hon . Gertrude Leveson-Gower : - Francis Russell , Marquess of Tavistock ( 27 September 1739 – 22 March 1767 ) - Lady Caroline Russell ( c . January 1743 – 26 November 1811 ) , married George Spencer , 4th Duke of Marlborough Death . His health had been declining for some years , and in 1770 he became partially paralysed . He died at Woburn on 5 January 1771 , and was buried in the Bedford Chapel at St . Michaels Church , Chenies , Buckinghamshire . His sons all predeceased him , and he was succeeded in the title by his grandson , Francis . Francis suffered heavy financial losses , and began the development of Bloomsbury on the old Bedford Estate . The duke held many public offices : lord-lieutenant of Bedfordshire and Devon , Colonel of the East Devon Militia , and chancellor of Dublin University among others , and was a Knight of the Garter . Bedford was a proud and conceited man , but possessed both ability and common-sense . The important part which he took in public life , however , was due rather to his wealth and position than to his personal taste or ambition . He was neither above nor below the standard of political morality of the time , and was influenced by his duchess , who was very ambitious , and by followers who were singularly unscrupulous . He served as the twelfth Chancellor of Trinity College , Dublin from 1765 to 1770 . Bibliography . - Brown , Peter Douglas . William Pitt , Earl of Chatham : The Great Commoner . George Allen & Unwin , 1978 .

hard

What was the position of John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford between Aug 1758 and Sep 1758?

/wiki/John_Russell,_4th_Duke_of_Bedford#P39#1

John Russell , 4th Duke of Bedford John Russell , 4th Duke of Bedford , ( 30 September 17105 January 1771 ) was an 18th-century British statesman . Bedford was leading Whig political figure around the time of the Seven Years War , and negotiated the Treaty of Paris which ended the conflict in 1763 . He was also an early promoter of cricket and a patron of the arts who commissioned many works from artists , most notably Canaletto . Early life . He was the fourth son of Wriothesley Russell , 2nd Duke of Bedford , by his wife , Elizabeth , daughter and heiress of John Howland of Streatham , Surrey . Known as Lord John Russell , he married in October 1731 Diana Spencer , daughter of Charles Spencer , 3rd Earl of Sunderland ; became Duke of Bedford on his brothers death a year later ; and having lost his first wife in 1735 , married in April 1737 Lady Gertrude Leveson-Gower ( died 1794 ) , daughter of John Leveson-Gower , 1st Earl Gower . Early political career . In the House of Lords he joined the Patriot Whig opposition hostile to the Prime Minister Sir Robert Walpole , took a fairly prominent part in public business , and earned the dislike of George II . When Carteret , now Earl Granville , resigned office in November 1744 , Bedford became First Lord of the Admiralty in the administration of Henry Pelham , and was made a privy councillor . He was very successful at the admiralty , but was not equally fortunate after he became Secretary of State for the Southern Department in February 1748 . Pelham accused him of idleness and he was constantly at variance with his colleague The Duke of Newcastle . Newcastle , who had previously admired The Earl of Sandwich , Bedfords successor as First Lord of the Admiralty , for his forthright and hardline views , had increasingly begun to distrust him and his relationship with Bedford . Newcastle engineered the dismissal of both of them , by sacking Sandwich in June 1751 . Bedford resigned in protest , as Newcastle had calculated , allowing him to replace them with men he considered more loyal personally to him . During his time in the post he was accused of spending far too much time at his country estate playing cricket and shooting pheasants . Cricket . Bedford was very keen on cricket . The earliest surviving record of his involvement in the sport comes from 1741 when he hosted Bedfordshire v Northamptonshire & Huntingdonshire at Woburn Park . The combined Northamptonshire & Huntingdonshire team won . Bedford arranged the match with his friends George Montagu-Dunk , 2nd Earl of Halifax ( Northants ) and John Montagu , 4th Earl of Sandwich ( Hunts ) . A few days later , there was a return match at Cow Meadow , Northampton , and the combined team won again . By 1743 , Bedford had developed Woburn Cricket Club into a leading team that was able to compete against London . The team was prominent in 1743 and 1744 but , after that , there is no further mention of it in the surviving sources . Seven Years War . Lord Lieutenant of Ireland . Instigated by his friends , he was active in opposition to the government , becoming the leader of a faction named after him , the Bedford Whigs . After Newcastles resignation in November 1756 , Bedford became Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the new government led by William Pitt and the Duke of Devonshire . He retained this office after Newcastle , in alliance with Pitt , returned to power in June 1757 . In Ireland he favoured a relaxation of the penal laws against Roman Catholics , but did not keep his promises to observe neutrality between the rival parties , and to abstain from securing pensions for his friends . His own courtly manners and generosity , and his wifes good qualities , however , seem to have gained for him some popularity , although Horace Walpole says he disgusted everybody ( the word disgusting then had a much wider range of meanings than it has today , and at its mildest meant simply reserved ) . He oversaw the Irish response to the threatened French invasion in 1759 , and the landing of a small French force in northern Ireland . In March 1761 he resigned this office . Peace negotiator . Having allied himself with the Earl of Bute and the party anxious to bring the Seven Years War to a close , Bedford was noticed as the strongest opponent of Pitt , and became Lord Privy Seal under Bute after Pitt resigned in October 1761 . The cabinet of Bute was divided over the policy to be pursued with regard to the war , but the peace faction prevailed , and in September 1762 Bedford went to France to open formal negations for peace . He was considerably annoyed because some of the peace negotiations were conducted through other channels , but he signed the Peace of Paris in February 1763 . Amongst other gains Britain received Canada from France and Florida from Spain . Resigning his office as Lord Privy Seal soon afterwards , various causes of estrangement arose between Bute and Bedford , and the subsequent relations of the two men were somewhat virulent . Grenville ministry . The duke refused to take office under George Grenville on Butes resignation in April 1763 , and sought to induce Pitt to return to power . A report , however , that Pitt would only take office on condition that Bedford was excluded , incensed him and , smarting under this rebuff , he joined the cabinet of Grenville as Lord President of the Council in September 1763 . His haughty manner , his somewhat insulting language , and his attitude with regard to the regency bill in 1765 offended George III , who sought in vain to supplant him , and after this failure was obliged to make humiliating concessions to the ministry . In July 1765 , however , he was able to dispense with the services of Bedford and his colleagues , and the duke became the leader of a political party , distinguished for rapacity , and known as the Bedford party , or the Bloomsbury gang . During his term of office he had opposed a bill to place high import duties on Italian silks . He was consequently assaulted and his London residence attacked by a mob . He took some part in subsequent political intrigues , and although he did not return to office , his friends , with his consent , joined the ministry of the Duke of Grafton in December 1767 . This proceeding led Junius to write his Letter to the Duke of Bedford , one of especial violence . Bedford was hostile to John Wilkes , and narrowly escaped from a mob favourable to the agitator at Honiton in July 1769 . Children . Child of John Russell and his first wife Lady Diana Spencer : - John Russell , Marquess of Tavistock ( died at birth 6 November 1732 ) Children of John Russell and his second wife Hon . Gertrude Leveson-Gower : - Francis Russell , Marquess of Tavistock ( 27 September 1739 – 22 March 1767 ) - Lady Caroline Russell ( c . January 1743 – 26 November 1811 ) , married George Spencer , 4th Duke of Marlborough Death . His health had been declining for some years , and in 1770 he became partially paralysed . He died at Woburn on 5 January 1771 , and was buried in the Bedford Chapel at St . Michaels Church , Chenies , Buckinghamshire . His sons all predeceased him , and he was succeeded in the title by his grandson , Francis . Francis suffered heavy financial losses , and began the development of Bloomsbury on the old Bedford Estate . The duke held many public offices : lord-lieutenant of Bedfordshire and Devon , Colonel of the East Devon Militia , and chancellor of Dublin University among others , and was a Knight of the Garter . Bedford was a proud and conceited man , but possessed both ability and common-sense . The important part which he took in public life , however , was due rather to his wealth and position than to his personal taste or ambition . He was neither above nor below the standard of political morality of the time , and was influenced by his duchess , who was very ambitious , and by followers who were singularly unscrupulous . He served as the twelfth Chancellor of Trinity College , Dublin from 1765 to 1770 . Bibliography . - Brown , Peter Douglas . William Pitt , Earl of Chatham : The Great Commoner . George Allen & Unwin , 1978 .

hard

What was the position of John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford between Jan 1762 and Mar 1762?

/wiki/John_Russell,_4th_Duke_of_Bedford#P39#2

John Russell , 4th Duke of Bedford John Russell , 4th Duke of Bedford , ( 30 September 17105 January 1771 ) was an 18th-century British statesman . Bedford was leading Whig political figure around the time of the Seven Years War , and negotiated the Treaty of Paris which ended the conflict in 1763 . He was also an early promoter of cricket and a patron of the arts who commissioned many works from artists , most notably Canaletto . Early life . He was the fourth son of Wriothesley Russell , 2nd Duke of Bedford , by his wife , Elizabeth , daughter and heiress of John Howland of Streatham , Surrey . Known as Lord John Russell , he married in October 1731 Diana Spencer , daughter of Charles Spencer , 3rd Earl of Sunderland ; became Duke of Bedford on his brothers death a year later ; and having lost his first wife in 1735 , married in April 1737 Lady Gertrude Leveson-Gower ( died 1794 ) , daughter of John Leveson-Gower , 1st Earl Gower . Early political career . In the House of Lords he joined the Patriot Whig opposition hostile to the Prime Minister Sir Robert Walpole , took a fairly prominent part in public business , and earned the dislike of George II . When Carteret , now Earl Granville , resigned office in November 1744 , Bedford became First Lord of the Admiralty in the administration of Henry Pelham , and was made a privy councillor . He was very successful at the admiralty , but was not equally fortunate after he became Secretary of State for the Southern Department in February 1748 . Pelham accused him of idleness and he was constantly at variance with his colleague The Duke of Newcastle . Newcastle , who had previously admired The Earl of Sandwich , Bedfords successor as First Lord of the Admiralty , for his forthright and hardline views , had increasingly begun to distrust him and his relationship with Bedford . Newcastle engineered the dismissal of both of them , by sacking Sandwich in June 1751 . Bedford resigned in protest , as Newcastle had calculated , allowing him to replace them with men he considered more loyal personally to him . During his time in the post he was accused of spending far too much time at his country estate playing cricket and shooting pheasants . Cricket . Bedford was very keen on cricket . The earliest surviving record of his involvement in the sport comes from 1741 when he hosted Bedfordshire v Northamptonshire & Huntingdonshire at Woburn Park . The combined Northamptonshire & Huntingdonshire team won . Bedford arranged the match with his friends George Montagu-Dunk , 2nd Earl of Halifax ( Northants ) and John Montagu , 4th Earl of Sandwich ( Hunts ) . A few days later , there was a return match at Cow Meadow , Northampton , and the combined team won again . By 1743 , Bedford had developed Woburn Cricket Club into a leading team that was able to compete against London . The team was prominent in 1743 and 1744 but , after that , there is no further mention of it in the surviving sources . Seven Years War . Lord Lieutenant of Ireland . Instigated by his friends , he was active in opposition to the government , becoming the leader of a faction named after him , the Bedford Whigs . After Newcastles resignation in November 1756 , Bedford became Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the new government led by William Pitt and the Duke of Devonshire . He retained this office after Newcastle , in alliance with Pitt , returned to power in June 1757 . In Ireland he favoured a relaxation of the penal laws against Roman Catholics , but did not keep his promises to observe neutrality between the rival parties , and to abstain from securing pensions for his friends . His own courtly manners and generosity , and his wifes good qualities , however , seem to have gained for him some popularity , although Horace Walpole says he disgusted everybody ( the word disgusting then had a much wider range of meanings than it has today , and at its mildest meant simply reserved ) . He oversaw the Irish response to the threatened French invasion in 1759 , and the landing of a small French force in northern Ireland . In March 1761 he resigned this office . Peace negotiator . Having allied himself with the Earl of Bute and the party anxious to bring the Seven Years War to a close , Bedford was noticed as the strongest opponent of Pitt , and became Lord Privy Seal under Bute after Pitt resigned in October 1761 . The cabinet of Bute was divided over the policy to be pursued with regard to the war , but the peace faction prevailed , and in September 1762 Bedford went to France to open formal negations for peace . He was considerably annoyed because some of the peace negotiations were conducted through other channels , but he signed the Peace of Paris in February 1763 . Amongst other gains Britain received Canada from France and Florida from Spain . Resigning his office as Lord Privy Seal soon afterwards , various causes of estrangement arose between Bute and Bedford , and the subsequent relations of the two men were somewhat virulent . Grenville ministry . The duke refused to take office under George Grenville on Butes resignation in April 1763 , and sought to induce Pitt to return to power . A report , however , that Pitt would only take office on condition that Bedford was excluded , incensed him and , smarting under this rebuff , he joined the cabinet of Grenville as Lord President of the Council in September 1763 . His haughty manner , his somewhat insulting language , and his attitude with regard to the regency bill in 1765 offended George III , who sought in vain to supplant him , and after this failure was obliged to make humiliating concessions to the ministry . In July 1765 , however , he was able to dispense with the services of Bedford and his colleagues , and the duke became the leader of a political party , distinguished for rapacity , and known as the Bedford party , or the Bloomsbury gang . During his term of office he had opposed a bill to place high import duties on Italian silks . He was consequently assaulted and his London residence attacked by a mob . He took some part in subsequent political intrigues , and although he did not return to office , his friends , with his consent , joined the ministry of the Duke of Grafton in December 1767 . This proceeding led Junius to write his Letter to the Duke of Bedford , one of especial violence . Bedford was hostile to John Wilkes , and narrowly escaped from a mob favourable to the agitator at Honiton in July 1769 . Children . Child of John Russell and his first wife Lady Diana Spencer : - John Russell , Marquess of Tavistock ( died at birth 6 November 1732 ) Children of John Russell and his second wife Hon . Gertrude Leveson-Gower : - Francis Russell , Marquess of Tavistock ( 27 September 1739 – 22 March 1767 ) - Lady Caroline Russell ( c . January 1743 – 26 November 1811 ) , married George Spencer , 4th Duke of Marlborough Death . His health had been declining for some years , and in 1770 he became partially paralysed . He died at Woburn on 5 January 1771 , and was buried in the Bedford Chapel at St . Michaels Church , Chenies , Buckinghamshire . His sons all predeceased him , and he was succeeded in the title by his grandson , Francis . Francis suffered heavy financial losses , and began the development of Bloomsbury on the old Bedford Estate . The duke held many public offices : lord-lieutenant of Bedfordshire and Devon , Colonel of the East Devon Militia , and chancellor of Dublin University among others , and was a Knight of the Garter . Bedford was a proud and conceited man , but possessed both ability and common-sense . The important part which he took in public life , however , was due rather to his wealth and position than to his personal taste or ambition . He was neither above nor below the standard of political morality of the time , and was influenced by his duchess , who was very ambitious , and by followers who were singularly unscrupulous . He served as the twelfth Chancellor of Trinity College , Dublin from 1765 to 1770 . Bibliography . - Brown , Peter Douglas . William Pitt , Earl of Chatham : The Great Commoner . George Allen & Unwin , 1978 .

hard

What was the position of John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford between Jan 1763 and May 1763?

/wiki/John_Russell,_4th_Duke_of_Bedford#P39#3

John Russell , 4th Duke of Bedford John Russell , 4th Duke of Bedford , ( 30 September 17105 January 1771 ) was an 18th-century British statesman . Bedford was leading Whig political figure around the time of the Seven Years War , and negotiated the Treaty of Paris which ended the conflict in 1763 . He was also an early promoter of cricket and a patron of the arts who commissioned many works from artists , most notably Canaletto . Early life . He was the fourth son of Wriothesley Russell , 2nd Duke of Bedford , by his wife , Elizabeth , daughter and heiress of John Howland of Streatham , Surrey . Known as Lord John Russell , he married in October 1731 Diana Spencer , daughter of Charles Spencer , 3rd Earl of Sunderland ; became Duke of Bedford on his brothers death a year later ; and having lost his first wife in 1735 , married in April 1737 Lady Gertrude Leveson-Gower ( died 1794 ) , daughter of John Leveson-Gower , 1st Earl Gower . Early political career . In the House of Lords he joined the Patriot Whig opposition hostile to the Prime Minister Sir Robert Walpole , took a fairly prominent part in public business , and earned the dislike of George II . When Carteret , now Earl Granville , resigned office in November 1744 , Bedford became First Lord of the Admiralty in the administration of Henry Pelham , and was made a privy councillor . He was very successful at the admiralty , but was not equally fortunate after he became Secretary of State for the Southern Department in February 1748 . Pelham accused him of idleness and he was constantly at variance with his colleague The Duke of Newcastle . Newcastle , who had previously admired The Earl of Sandwich , Bedfords successor as First Lord of the Admiralty , for his forthright and hardline views , had increasingly begun to distrust him and his relationship with Bedford . Newcastle engineered the dismissal of both of them , by sacking Sandwich in June 1751 . Bedford resigned in protest , as Newcastle had calculated , allowing him to replace them with men he considered more loyal personally to him . During his time in the post he was accused of spending far too much time at his country estate playing cricket and shooting pheasants . Cricket . Bedford was very keen on cricket . The earliest surviving record of his involvement in the sport comes from 1741 when he hosted Bedfordshire v Northamptonshire & Huntingdonshire at Woburn Park . The combined Northamptonshire & Huntingdonshire team won . Bedford arranged the match with his friends George Montagu-Dunk , 2nd Earl of Halifax ( Northants ) and John Montagu , 4th Earl of Sandwich ( Hunts ) . A few days later , there was a return match at Cow Meadow , Northampton , and the combined team won again . By 1743 , Bedford had developed Woburn Cricket Club into a leading team that was able to compete against London . The team was prominent in 1743 and 1744 but , after that , there is no further mention of it in the surviving sources . Seven Years War . Lord Lieutenant of Ireland . Instigated by his friends , he was active in opposition to the government , becoming the leader of a faction named after him , the Bedford Whigs . After Newcastles resignation in November 1756 , Bedford became Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the new government led by William Pitt and the Duke of Devonshire . He retained this office after Newcastle , in alliance with Pitt , returned to power in June 1757 . In Ireland he favoured a relaxation of the penal laws against Roman Catholics , but did not keep his promises to observe neutrality between the rival parties , and to abstain from securing pensions for his friends . His own courtly manners and generosity , and his wifes good qualities , however , seem to have gained for him some popularity , although Horace Walpole says he disgusted everybody ( the word disgusting then had a much wider range of meanings than it has today , and at its mildest meant simply reserved ) . He oversaw the Irish response to the threatened French invasion in 1759 , and the landing of a small French force in northern Ireland . In March 1761 he resigned this office . Peace negotiator . Having allied himself with the Earl of Bute and the party anxious to bring the Seven Years War to a close , Bedford was noticed as the strongest opponent of Pitt , and became Lord Privy Seal under Bute after Pitt resigned in October 1761 . The cabinet of Bute was divided over the policy to be pursued with regard to the war , but the peace faction prevailed , and in September 1762 Bedford went to France to open formal negations for peace . He was considerably annoyed because some of the peace negotiations were conducted through other channels , but he signed the Peace of Paris in February 1763 . Amongst other gains Britain received Canada from France and Florida from Spain . Resigning his office as Lord Privy Seal soon afterwards , various causes of estrangement arose between Bute and Bedford , and the subsequent relations of the two men were somewhat virulent . Grenville ministry . The duke refused to take office under George Grenville on Butes resignation in April 1763 , and sought to induce Pitt to return to power . A report , however , that Pitt would only take office on condition that Bedford was excluded , incensed him and , smarting under this rebuff , he joined the cabinet of Grenville as Lord President of the Council in September 1763 . His haughty manner , his somewhat insulting language , and his attitude with regard to the regency bill in 1765 offended George III , who sought in vain to supplant him , and after this failure was obliged to make humiliating concessions to the ministry . In July 1765 , however , he was able to dispense with the services of Bedford and his colleagues , and the duke became the leader of a political party , distinguished for rapacity , and known as the Bedford party , or the Bloomsbury gang . During his term of office he had opposed a bill to place high import duties on Italian silks . He was consequently assaulted and his London residence attacked by a mob . He took some part in subsequent political intrigues , and although he did not return to office , his friends , with his consent , joined the ministry of the Duke of Grafton in December 1767 . This proceeding led Junius to write his Letter to the Duke of Bedford , one of especial violence . Bedford was hostile to John Wilkes , and narrowly escaped from a mob favourable to the agitator at Honiton in July 1769 . Children . Child of John Russell and his first wife Lady Diana Spencer : - John Russell , Marquess of Tavistock ( died at birth 6 November 1732 ) Children of John Russell and his second wife Hon . Gertrude Leveson-Gower : - Francis Russell , Marquess of Tavistock ( 27 September 1739 – 22 March 1767 ) - Lady Caroline Russell ( c . January 1743 – 26 November 1811 ) , married George Spencer , 4th Duke of Marlborough Death . His health had been declining for some years , and in 1770 he became partially paralysed . He died at Woburn on 5 January 1771 , and was buried in the Bedford Chapel at St . Michaels Church , Chenies , Buckinghamshire . His sons all predeceased him , and he was succeeded in the title by his grandson , Francis . Francis suffered heavy financial losses , and began the development of Bloomsbury on the old Bedford Estate . The duke held many public offices : lord-lieutenant of Bedfordshire and Devon , Colonel of the East Devon Militia , and chancellor of Dublin University among others , and was a Knight of the Garter . Bedford was a proud and conceited man , but possessed both ability and common-sense . The important part which he took in public life , however , was due rather to his wealth and position than to his personal taste or ambition . He was neither above nor below the standard of political morality of the time , and was influenced by his duchess , who was very ambitious , and by followers who were singularly unscrupulous . He served as the twelfth Chancellor of Trinity College , Dublin from 1765 to 1770 . Bibliography . - Brown , Peter Douglas . William Pitt , Earl of Chatham : The Great Commoner . George Allen & Unwin , 1978 .

hard

What was the position of John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford after Jun 1764?

/wiki/John_Russell,_4th_Duke_of_Bedford#P39#4

John Russell , 4th Duke of Bedford John Russell , 4th Duke of Bedford , ( 30 September 17105 January 1771 ) was an 18th-century British statesman . Bedford was leading Whig political figure around the time of the Seven Years War , and negotiated the Treaty of Paris which ended the conflict in 1763 . He was also an early promoter of cricket and a patron of the arts who commissioned many works from artists , most notably Canaletto . Early life . He was the fourth son of Wriothesley Russell , 2nd Duke of Bedford , by his wife , Elizabeth , daughter and heiress of John Howland of Streatham , Surrey . Known as Lord John Russell , he married in October 1731 Diana Spencer , daughter of Charles Spencer , 3rd Earl of Sunderland ; became Duke of Bedford on his brothers death a year later ; and having lost his first wife in 1735 , married in April 1737 Lady Gertrude Leveson-Gower ( died 1794 ) , daughter of John Leveson-Gower , 1st Earl Gower . Early political career . In the House of Lords he joined the Patriot Whig opposition hostile to the Prime Minister Sir Robert Walpole , took a fairly prominent part in public business , and earned the dislike of George II . When Carteret , now Earl Granville , resigned office in November 1744 , Bedford became First Lord of the Admiralty in the administration of Henry Pelham , and was made a privy councillor . He was very successful at the admiralty , but was not equally fortunate after he became Secretary of State for the Southern Department in February 1748 . Pelham accused him of idleness and he was constantly at variance with his colleague The Duke of Newcastle . Newcastle , who had previously admired The Earl of Sandwich , Bedfords successor as First Lord of the Admiralty , for his forthright and hardline views , had increasingly begun to distrust him and his relationship with Bedford . Newcastle engineered the dismissal of both of them , by sacking Sandwich in June 1751 . Bedford resigned in protest , as Newcastle had calculated , allowing him to replace them with men he considered more loyal personally to him . During his time in the post he was accused of spending far too much time at his country estate playing cricket and shooting pheasants . Cricket . Bedford was very keen on cricket . The earliest surviving record of his involvement in the sport comes from 1741 when he hosted Bedfordshire v Northamptonshire & Huntingdonshire at Woburn Park . The combined Northamptonshire & Huntingdonshire team won . Bedford arranged the match with his friends George Montagu-Dunk , 2nd Earl of Halifax ( Northants ) and John Montagu , 4th Earl of Sandwich ( Hunts ) . A few days later , there was a return match at Cow Meadow , Northampton , and the combined team won again . By 1743 , Bedford had developed Woburn Cricket Club into a leading team that was able to compete against London . The team was prominent in 1743 and 1744 but , after that , there is no further mention of it in the surviving sources . Seven Years War . Lord Lieutenant of Ireland . Instigated by his friends , he was active in opposition to the government , becoming the leader of a faction named after him , the Bedford Whigs . After Newcastles resignation in November 1756 , Bedford became Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the new government led by William Pitt and the Duke of Devonshire . He retained this office after Newcastle , in alliance with Pitt , returned to power in June 1757 . In Ireland he favoured a relaxation of the penal laws against Roman Catholics , but did not keep his promises to observe neutrality between the rival parties , and to abstain from securing pensions for his friends . His own courtly manners and generosity , and his wifes good qualities , however , seem to have gained for him some popularity , although Horace Walpole says he disgusted everybody ( the word disgusting then had a much wider range of meanings than it has today , and at its mildest meant simply reserved ) . He oversaw the Irish response to the threatened French invasion in 1759 , and the landing of a small French force in northern Ireland . In March 1761 he resigned this office . Peace negotiator . Having allied himself with the Earl of Bute and the party anxious to bring the Seven Years War to a close , Bedford was noticed as the strongest opponent of Pitt , and became Lord Privy Seal under Bute after Pitt resigned in October 1761 . The cabinet of Bute was divided over the policy to be pursued with regard to the war , but the peace faction prevailed , and in September 1762 Bedford went to France to open formal negations for peace . He was considerably annoyed because some of the peace negotiations were conducted through other channels , but he signed the Peace of Paris in February 1763 . Amongst other gains Britain received Canada from France and Florida from Spain . Resigning his office as Lord Privy Seal soon afterwards , various causes of estrangement arose between Bute and Bedford , and the subsequent relations of the two men were somewhat virulent . Grenville ministry . The duke refused to take office under George Grenville on Butes resignation in April 1763 , and sought to induce Pitt to return to power . A report , however , that Pitt would only take office on condition that Bedford was excluded , incensed him and , smarting under this rebuff , he joined the cabinet of Grenville as Lord President of the Council in September 1763 . His haughty manner , his somewhat insulting language , and his attitude with regard to the regency bill in 1765 offended George III , who sought in vain to supplant him , and after this failure was obliged to make humiliating concessions to the ministry . In July 1765 , however , he was able to dispense with the services of Bedford and his colleagues , and the duke became the leader of a political party , distinguished for rapacity , and known as the Bedford party , or the Bloomsbury gang . During his term of office he had opposed a bill to place high import duties on Italian silks . He was consequently assaulted and his London residence attacked by a mob . He took some part in subsequent political intrigues , and although he did not return to office , his friends , with his consent , joined the ministry of the Duke of Grafton in December 1767 . This proceeding led Junius to write his Letter to the Duke of Bedford , one of especial violence . Bedford was hostile to John Wilkes , and narrowly escaped from a mob favourable to the agitator at Honiton in July 1769 . Children . Child of John Russell and his first wife Lady Diana Spencer : - John Russell , Marquess of Tavistock ( died at birth 6 November 1732 ) Children of John Russell and his second wife Hon . Gertrude Leveson-Gower : - Francis Russell , Marquess of Tavistock ( 27 September 1739 – 22 March 1767 ) - Lady Caroline Russell ( c . January 1743 – 26 November 1811 ) , married George Spencer , 4th Duke of Marlborough Death . His health had been declining for some years , and in 1770 he became partially paralysed . He died at Woburn on 5 January 1771 , and was buried in the Bedford Chapel at St . Michaels Church , Chenies , Buckinghamshire . His sons all predeceased him , and he was succeeded in the title by his grandson , Francis . Francis suffered heavy financial losses , and began the development of Bloomsbury on the old Bedford Estate . The duke held many public offices : lord-lieutenant of Bedfordshire and Devon , Colonel of the East Devon Militia , and chancellor of Dublin University among others , and was a Knight of the Garter . Bedford was a proud and conceited man , but possessed both ability and common-sense . The important part which he took in public life , however , was due rather to his wealth and position than to his personal taste or ambition . He was neither above nor below the standard of political morality of the time , and was influenced by his duchess , who was very ambitious , and by followers who were singularly unscrupulous . He served as the twelfth Chancellor of Trinity College , Dublin from 1765 to 1770 . Bibliography . - Brown , Peter Douglas . William Pitt , Earl of Chatham : The Great Commoner . George Allen & Unwin , 1978 .

hard

What organization or association or team did Jens Nielsen join in 2010?

/wiki/Jens_Nielsen#P463#0

Jens Nielsen Jens Nielsen is the CEO of BioInnovation Institute , Copenhagen , Denmark and Professor of Systems Biology at Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg , Sweden . He is Adjunct Professor at the Technical University of Denmark . He is the most cited researcher in the field of metabolic engineering , and he is the founding president of the International Metabolic Engineering Society . Jens Nielsen is the founder of several biotech companies . Education and academic career . Nielsen has an MSc degree in Chemical Engineering and a PhD degree ( 1989 ) in Biochemical Engineering from the Danish Technical University ( DTU ) . He took his dr.techn . degree also from DTU . Following his PhD degree he established his independent research group at DTU and was appointed full Professor there in 1998 . He was Fulbright visiting professor at MIT in 1995–1996 . At DTU he founded and directed Center for Microbial Biotechnology . In 2008 he was recruited as Professor and Director to Chalmers University of Technology , Sweden , where he built a research group of more than 60 people . At Chalmers he established the Area of Advance Life Science Engineering , a cross departmental strategic research initiative and was founding Head of the Department of Biology and Biological Engineering , which now encompass about 200 people . Nielsen has published so far more than 700 research papers , co-authored more than 40 books and he is inventor of more than 50 patents . He was identified by Thompson Reuter/Clarivate as a highly cited researcher in 2015-2019 , and according to Google Scholar he is the most cited researcher in Metabolic Engineering and top five in Synthetic Biology . He is co-author of several textbooks , and his textbook on Bioreaction Engineering Principles has been published in three editions and his textbook on Metabolic Engineering has been translated to both Chinese and Japanese . In 2019 Jens Nielsen was recruited as CEO of BioInnovation Institute ( BII ) , an initiative by the Novo Nordisk Foundation to support innovation and translation of science for use in society . BII support start-up companies financially and with business development , and operates an incubator that is open for early stage start-up companies in life science . Research . Nielsen has been studying and engineering metabolism for almost 30 years . His work has produced , among other , natural rare molecules , antibiotics and biofuels . The scope of this work is to be able to produce valuable compounds in an environmentally friendly and sustainable way that does not depend on petrol processing or extraction from endangered plant species . He is also using his unique approach and methods to study metabolism in humans , with specific interest in metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes , obesity , cardiovascular disease and various cancers . Industrial microbiology . Nielsen has worked on studying and improving many different industrial biotechnological processes . Initially he worked on physiological characterization of the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum that is used for penicillin production . This resulted in continued work , together with the Dutch company DSM , on development of a novel process for production of adipoyl-7-ADCA , a precursor for cephalexin . He also worked on characterization of many other fermentation processes used for antibiotics production , and through the use of his experimental and modelling techniques he assisted several companies with improving their production process . Nielsen also worked on improving fermentation processed used for production of industrial enzymes , both using fungi and bacteria . Metabolic engineering . In connection with his work on improving many classical and new fermentation processed Nielsen developed a number of experimental and computational tools that today is the foundation for metabolic engineering , the directed genetic modification of cells with the objective of improving the phenotype . He was the first to use gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry ( GC-MS ) as an experimental tool for measurement of C13-labelled metabolites with the objective to perform flux analysis . Through metabolic engineering Nielsen has developed and improved a number of biotechnological processes , e.g . 1 ) improved ethanol production by yeast and reduced glycerol formation as a by-product , 2 ) improved the temperature tolerance of yeast which has enabled ethanol production at elevated temperatures and thereby reduced costs , 3 ) production of a range of different chemicals using engineered yeast such as resveratrol , 3-hydroxypropionic acid , human haemoglobin , fatty acid ethyl esters , short chain fatty acids , alkanes , fatty alcohols , santalene , farnesene , coumaric acid and ornithine . Systems biology of industrial microorganisms . Nielsen has pioneered the development of systems biology tools for industrial microorganisms . He has developed genome-scale metabolic models ( GEMs ) for many important industrial microorganisms , including yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) , Lactococcus lactis , Streptomyces coelicolor , Aspergillus oryzae , Aspergillus niger , Penicilium chrysogenum and Pichia pastoris . Nielsen has also developed a number of tools for performing integrative omics analysis , and he was the first to demonstrate how transcriptome data could be integrated in the context of GEMs in order to gain insight into co-regulation . He has also developed methods for performing quantitative metabolome analysis of many microorganisms as well as he has been involved in genome-sequencing of several key industrial microorganisms . Human metabolism . Using his systems biology toolbox developed for microorganisms , Nielsen initiated work on human metabolism . In connection with this he developed a comprehensive genome-scale metabolic model for human cells and he was the first to use a human GEM to illustrate the metabolic heterogeneity of cancer metabolism . His work on human metabolism has involved studies of different diseases such as obesity , NAFLD and NASH , and hepatocellular carcinoma . Nielsen further used human GEMs to identify that combined measurements of several glycosaminoglycans can be used as a very strong biomarker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma , probably the first systems biomarker . Gut microbiota . Nielsen has also used his systems biology competence to study the metabolism of the gut microbiota . He was involved in early studies on using metagenome sequencing for characterization of the gut microbiota and demonstrate that variations are associated with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes . He also used his advanced metabolic modelling skills to gain further functional insight into how the gut microbiota impacts changes in plasma metabolomics in response to dietary changes . Awards . - Novozymes Prize , Novo Nordisk Foundation , Denmark ( 2016 ) - Gaden Award , American Chemical Society , USA ( 2016 ) - Norblad-Exstrand Medalj , The Swedish Chemical Society , Sweden ( 2013 ) - Nature Award for Mentoring , Nature Publishing Group , UK ( 2012 ) - Charles D . Scott Award 2012 , Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals , USA ( 2012 ) - Amgen Biochemical Engineering Award , USA ( 2011 ) - Merck Award for Metabolic Engineering , USA ( 2004 ) - Villum Kann Rasmussens Årslegat , Villum Kann Rasmussen Fonden , Denmark ( 2002 ) - Aksel Tovborg Jensens Legat , Bjerrum-Brøndsted-Lang Lecture , Carlsberg Foundation , Denmark ( 2001 ) - STVFs Jubilæumspris , Statens Teknisk Videnskabelige Forskningsråd , Denmark ( 1996 ) - Ulrik Brinch og Hustru Marie Brinchs legat , Denmark ( 1994 ) - Direktør Gorm Petersens Mindelegat , Denmark ( 1989 ) Academies . - Foreign member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering ( 2019 ) - Foreign associate of the US National Academy of Sciences ( 2019 ) - Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences , Sweden ( 2014 ) - Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology , USA ( 2012 ) - Member of Royal Society of Arts and Sciences in Gothenburg , Sweden ( 2012 ) - College of Fellows of American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering , USA ( 2011 ) - Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences , Sweden ( 2010 ) - Member of the Royal Danish Academy of Science and Letters , Denmark ( 2010 ) - Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Engineering , USA ( 2010 ) - Member of the Academy of Technical Sciences , Denmark ( 1997 ) Other major honors . - Zhang Dayu Lectureship , Dalian Institute for Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , China ( 2015 ) - Honorary Professor , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , China ( 2014 ) - William Chalmers Lecture , Chalmers University of Technology , Sweden ( 2014 ) - Appointed as Wallenberg Scholar , Sweden ( 2010 ) - Hough Memorial Lecture , Birmingham University , UK ( 2004 ) - Sunner Memorial Lecture , Lund University , Sweden ( 2002 ) - Fulbright Fellow , USA ( 1995 ) Companies . Nielsen founded Fluxome A/S that raised more than M20EUR in venture capital . This company metabolically engineered yeast for production of resveratrol and used this yeast for commercial production of this compound . This process was acquired by the company Evolva . Nielsen has founded several other biotech companies , including Metabogen AB , Biopetrolia AB and Elypta AB , and he has served in the scientific advisory board of a range of different biotech companies in the US and Europe . Personal . Nielsen is originally from Horsens in Denmark . He has a daughter named Anna-mathilde . References . - Professor Jens Nielsen was ranked as the fourth most cited researcher in Europe in the field of mycology . External links . - Official website Sysbio - CV - News - Nielsen Lab - Department of Biology and Biological Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology - Metabogen - Biopetrolia - Elypta

hard

What organization or association or team did Jens Nielsen join in 2014?

/wiki/Jens_Nielsen#P463#1

Jens Nielsen Jens Nielsen is the CEO of BioInnovation Institute , Copenhagen , Denmark and Professor of Systems Biology at Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg , Sweden . He is Adjunct Professor at the Technical University of Denmark . He is the most cited researcher in the field of metabolic engineering , and he is the founding president of the International Metabolic Engineering Society . Jens Nielsen is the founder of several biotech companies . Education and academic career . Nielsen has an MSc degree in Chemical Engineering and a PhD degree ( 1989 ) in Biochemical Engineering from the Danish Technical University ( DTU ) . He took his dr.techn . degree also from DTU . Following his PhD degree he established his independent research group at DTU and was appointed full Professor there in 1998 . He was Fulbright visiting professor at MIT in 1995–1996 . At DTU he founded and directed Center for Microbial Biotechnology . In 2008 he was recruited as Professor and Director to Chalmers University of Technology , Sweden , where he built a research group of more than 60 people . At Chalmers he established the Area of Advance Life Science Engineering , a cross departmental strategic research initiative and was founding Head of the Department of Biology and Biological Engineering , which now encompass about 200 people . Nielsen has published so far more than 700 research papers , co-authored more than 40 books and he is inventor of more than 50 patents . He was identified by Thompson Reuter/Clarivate as a highly cited researcher in 2015-2019 , and according to Google Scholar he is the most cited researcher in Metabolic Engineering and top five in Synthetic Biology . He is co-author of several textbooks , and his textbook on Bioreaction Engineering Principles has been published in three editions and his textbook on Metabolic Engineering has been translated to both Chinese and Japanese . In 2019 Jens Nielsen was recruited as CEO of BioInnovation Institute ( BII ) , an initiative by the Novo Nordisk Foundation to support innovation and translation of science for use in society . BII support start-up companies financially and with business development , and operates an incubator that is open for early stage start-up companies in life science . Research . Nielsen has been studying and engineering metabolism for almost 30 years . His work has produced , among other , natural rare molecules , antibiotics and biofuels . The scope of this work is to be able to produce valuable compounds in an environmentally friendly and sustainable way that does not depend on petrol processing or extraction from endangered plant species . He is also using his unique approach and methods to study metabolism in humans , with specific interest in metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes , obesity , cardiovascular disease and various cancers . Industrial microbiology . Nielsen has worked on studying and improving many different industrial biotechnological processes . Initially he worked on physiological characterization of the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum that is used for penicillin production . This resulted in continued work , together with the Dutch company DSM , on development of a novel process for production of adipoyl-7-ADCA , a precursor for cephalexin . He also worked on characterization of many other fermentation processes used for antibiotics production , and through the use of his experimental and modelling techniques he assisted several companies with improving their production process . Nielsen also worked on improving fermentation processed used for production of industrial enzymes , both using fungi and bacteria . Metabolic engineering . In connection with his work on improving many classical and new fermentation processed Nielsen developed a number of experimental and computational tools that today is the foundation for metabolic engineering , the directed genetic modification of cells with the objective of improving the phenotype . He was the first to use gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry ( GC-MS ) as an experimental tool for measurement of C13-labelled metabolites with the objective to perform flux analysis . Through metabolic engineering Nielsen has developed and improved a number of biotechnological processes , e.g . 1 ) improved ethanol production by yeast and reduced glycerol formation as a by-product , 2 ) improved the temperature tolerance of yeast which has enabled ethanol production at elevated temperatures and thereby reduced costs , 3 ) production of a range of different chemicals using engineered yeast such as resveratrol , 3-hydroxypropionic acid , human haemoglobin , fatty acid ethyl esters , short chain fatty acids , alkanes , fatty alcohols , santalene , farnesene , coumaric acid and ornithine . Systems biology of industrial microorganisms . Nielsen has pioneered the development of systems biology tools for industrial microorganisms . He has developed genome-scale metabolic models ( GEMs ) for many important industrial microorganisms , including yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) , Lactococcus lactis , Streptomyces coelicolor , Aspergillus oryzae , Aspergillus niger , Penicilium chrysogenum and Pichia pastoris . Nielsen has also developed a number of tools for performing integrative omics analysis , and he was the first to demonstrate how transcriptome data could be integrated in the context of GEMs in order to gain insight into co-regulation . He has also developed methods for performing quantitative metabolome analysis of many microorganisms as well as he has been involved in genome-sequencing of several key industrial microorganisms . Human metabolism . Using his systems biology toolbox developed for microorganisms , Nielsen initiated work on human metabolism . In connection with this he developed a comprehensive genome-scale metabolic model for human cells and he was the first to use a human GEM to illustrate the metabolic heterogeneity of cancer metabolism . His work on human metabolism has involved studies of different diseases such as obesity , NAFLD and NASH , and hepatocellular carcinoma . Nielsen further used human GEMs to identify that combined measurements of several glycosaminoglycans can be used as a very strong biomarker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma , probably the first systems biomarker . Gut microbiota . Nielsen has also used his systems biology competence to study the metabolism of the gut microbiota . He was involved in early studies on using metagenome sequencing for characterization of the gut microbiota and demonstrate that variations are associated with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes . He also used his advanced metabolic modelling skills to gain further functional insight into how the gut microbiota impacts changes in plasma metabolomics in response to dietary changes . Awards . - Novozymes Prize , Novo Nordisk Foundation , Denmark ( 2016 ) - Gaden Award , American Chemical Society , USA ( 2016 ) - Norblad-Exstrand Medalj , The Swedish Chemical Society , Sweden ( 2013 ) - Nature Award for Mentoring , Nature Publishing Group , UK ( 2012 ) - Charles D . Scott Award 2012 , Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals , USA ( 2012 ) - Amgen Biochemical Engineering Award , USA ( 2011 ) - Merck Award for Metabolic Engineering , USA ( 2004 ) - Villum Kann Rasmussens Årslegat , Villum Kann Rasmussen Fonden , Denmark ( 2002 ) - Aksel Tovborg Jensens Legat , Bjerrum-Brøndsted-Lang Lecture , Carlsberg Foundation , Denmark ( 2001 ) - STVFs Jubilæumspris , Statens Teknisk Videnskabelige Forskningsråd , Denmark ( 1996 ) - Ulrik Brinch og Hustru Marie Brinchs legat , Denmark ( 1994 ) - Direktør Gorm Petersens Mindelegat , Denmark ( 1989 ) Academies . - Foreign member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering ( 2019 ) - Foreign associate of the US National Academy of Sciences ( 2019 ) - Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences , Sweden ( 2014 ) - Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology , USA ( 2012 ) - Member of Royal Society of Arts and Sciences in Gothenburg , Sweden ( 2012 ) - College of Fellows of American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering , USA ( 2011 ) - Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences , Sweden ( 2010 ) - Member of the Royal Danish Academy of Science and Letters , Denmark ( 2010 ) - Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Engineering , USA ( 2010 ) - Member of the Academy of Technical Sciences , Denmark ( 1997 ) Other major honors . - Zhang Dayu Lectureship , Dalian Institute for Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , China ( 2015 ) - Honorary Professor , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , China ( 2014 ) - William Chalmers Lecture , Chalmers University of Technology , Sweden ( 2014 ) - Appointed as Wallenberg Scholar , Sweden ( 2010 ) - Hough Memorial Lecture , Birmingham University , UK ( 2004 ) - Sunner Memorial Lecture , Lund University , Sweden ( 2002 ) - Fulbright Fellow , USA ( 1995 ) Companies . Nielsen founded Fluxome A/S that raised more than M20EUR in venture capital . This company metabolically engineered yeast for production of resveratrol and used this yeast for commercial production of this compound . This process was acquired by the company Evolva . Nielsen has founded several other biotech companies , including Metabogen AB , Biopetrolia AB and Elypta AB , and he has served in the scientific advisory board of a range of different biotech companies in the US and Europe . Personal . Nielsen is originally from Horsens in Denmark . He has a daughter named Anna-mathilde . References . - Professor Jens Nielsen was ranked as the fourth most cited researcher in Europe in the field of mycology . External links . - Official website Sysbio - CV - News - Nielsen Lab - Department of Biology and Biological Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology - Metabogen - Biopetrolia - Elypta

hard

What organization or association or team did Jens Nielsen join in 2019?

/wiki/Jens_Nielsen#P463#2

Jens Nielsen Jens Nielsen is the CEO of BioInnovation Institute , Copenhagen , Denmark and Professor of Systems Biology at Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg , Sweden . He is Adjunct Professor at the Technical University of Denmark . He is the most cited researcher in the field of metabolic engineering , and he is the founding president of the International Metabolic Engineering Society . Jens Nielsen is the founder of several biotech companies . Education and academic career . Nielsen has an MSc degree in Chemical Engineering and a PhD degree ( 1989 ) in Biochemical Engineering from the Danish Technical University ( DTU ) . He took his dr.techn . degree also from DTU . Following his PhD degree he established his independent research group at DTU and was appointed full Professor there in 1998 . He was Fulbright visiting professor at MIT in 1995–1996 . At DTU he founded and directed Center for Microbial Biotechnology . In 2008 he was recruited as Professor and Director to Chalmers University of Technology , Sweden , where he built a research group of more than 60 people . At Chalmers he established the Area of Advance Life Science Engineering , a cross departmental strategic research initiative and was founding Head of the Department of Biology and Biological Engineering , which now encompass about 200 people . Nielsen has published so far more than 700 research papers , co-authored more than 40 books and he is inventor of more than 50 patents . He was identified by Thompson Reuter/Clarivate as a highly cited researcher in 2015-2019 , and according to Google Scholar he is the most cited researcher in Metabolic Engineering and top five in Synthetic Biology . He is co-author of several textbooks , and his textbook on Bioreaction Engineering Principles has been published in three editions and his textbook on Metabolic Engineering has been translated to both Chinese and Japanese . In 2019 Jens Nielsen was recruited as CEO of BioInnovation Institute ( BII ) , an initiative by the Novo Nordisk Foundation to support innovation and translation of science for use in society . BII support start-up companies financially and with business development , and operates an incubator that is open for early stage start-up companies in life science . Research . Nielsen has been studying and engineering metabolism for almost 30 years . His work has produced , among other , natural rare molecules , antibiotics and biofuels . The scope of this work is to be able to produce valuable compounds in an environmentally friendly and sustainable way that does not depend on petrol processing or extraction from endangered plant species . He is also using his unique approach and methods to study metabolism in humans , with specific interest in metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes , obesity , cardiovascular disease and various cancers . Industrial microbiology . Nielsen has worked on studying and improving many different industrial biotechnological processes . Initially he worked on physiological characterization of the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum that is used for penicillin production . This resulted in continued work , together with the Dutch company DSM , on development of a novel process for production of adipoyl-7-ADCA , a precursor for cephalexin . He also worked on characterization of many other fermentation processes used for antibiotics production , and through the use of his experimental and modelling techniques he assisted several companies with improving their production process . Nielsen also worked on improving fermentation processed used for production of industrial enzymes , both using fungi and bacteria . Metabolic engineering . In connection with his work on improving many classical and new fermentation processed Nielsen developed a number of experimental and computational tools that today is the foundation for metabolic engineering , the directed genetic modification of cells with the objective of improving the phenotype . He was the first to use gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry ( GC-MS ) as an experimental tool for measurement of C13-labelled metabolites with the objective to perform flux analysis . Through metabolic engineering Nielsen has developed and improved a number of biotechnological processes , e.g . 1 ) improved ethanol production by yeast and reduced glycerol formation as a by-product , 2 ) improved the temperature tolerance of yeast which has enabled ethanol production at elevated temperatures and thereby reduced costs , 3 ) production of a range of different chemicals using engineered yeast such as resveratrol , 3-hydroxypropionic acid , human haemoglobin , fatty acid ethyl esters , short chain fatty acids , alkanes , fatty alcohols , santalene , farnesene , coumaric acid and ornithine . Systems biology of industrial microorganisms . Nielsen has pioneered the development of systems biology tools for industrial microorganisms . He has developed genome-scale metabolic models ( GEMs ) for many important industrial microorganisms , including yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) , Lactococcus lactis , Streptomyces coelicolor , Aspergillus oryzae , Aspergillus niger , Penicilium chrysogenum and Pichia pastoris . Nielsen has also developed a number of tools for performing integrative omics analysis , and he was the first to demonstrate how transcriptome data could be integrated in the context of GEMs in order to gain insight into co-regulation . He has also developed methods for performing quantitative metabolome analysis of many microorganisms as well as he has been involved in genome-sequencing of several key industrial microorganisms . Human metabolism . Using his systems biology toolbox developed for microorganisms , Nielsen initiated work on human metabolism . In connection with this he developed a comprehensive genome-scale metabolic model for human cells and he was the first to use a human GEM to illustrate the metabolic heterogeneity of cancer metabolism . His work on human metabolism has involved studies of different diseases such as obesity , NAFLD and NASH , and hepatocellular carcinoma . Nielsen further used human GEMs to identify that combined measurements of several glycosaminoglycans can be used as a very strong biomarker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma , probably the first systems biomarker . Gut microbiota . Nielsen has also used his systems biology competence to study the metabolism of the gut microbiota . He was involved in early studies on using metagenome sequencing for characterization of the gut microbiota and demonstrate that variations are associated with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes . He also used his advanced metabolic modelling skills to gain further functional insight into how the gut microbiota impacts changes in plasma metabolomics in response to dietary changes . Awards . - Novozymes Prize , Novo Nordisk Foundation , Denmark ( 2016 ) - Gaden Award , American Chemical Society , USA ( 2016 ) - Norblad-Exstrand Medalj , The Swedish Chemical Society , Sweden ( 2013 ) - Nature Award for Mentoring , Nature Publishing Group , UK ( 2012 ) - Charles D . Scott Award 2012 , Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals , USA ( 2012 ) - Amgen Biochemical Engineering Award , USA ( 2011 ) - Merck Award for Metabolic Engineering , USA ( 2004 ) - Villum Kann Rasmussens Årslegat , Villum Kann Rasmussen Fonden , Denmark ( 2002 ) - Aksel Tovborg Jensens Legat , Bjerrum-Brøndsted-Lang Lecture , Carlsberg Foundation , Denmark ( 2001 ) - STVFs Jubilæumspris , Statens Teknisk Videnskabelige Forskningsråd , Denmark ( 1996 ) - Ulrik Brinch og Hustru Marie Brinchs legat , Denmark ( 1994 ) - Direktør Gorm Petersens Mindelegat , Denmark ( 1989 ) Academies . - Foreign member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering ( 2019 ) - Foreign associate of the US National Academy of Sciences ( 2019 ) - Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences , Sweden ( 2014 ) - Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology , USA ( 2012 ) - Member of Royal Society of Arts and Sciences in Gothenburg , Sweden ( 2012 ) - College of Fellows of American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering , USA ( 2011 ) - Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences , Sweden ( 2010 ) - Member of the Royal Danish Academy of Science and Letters , Denmark ( 2010 ) - Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Engineering , USA ( 2010 ) - Member of the Academy of Technical Sciences , Denmark ( 1997 ) Other major honors . - Zhang Dayu Lectureship , Dalian Institute for Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , China ( 2015 ) - Honorary Professor , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , China ( 2014 ) - William Chalmers Lecture , Chalmers University of Technology , Sweden ( 2014 ) - Appointed as Wallenberg Scholar , Sweden ( 2010 ) - Hough Memorial Lecture , Birmingham University , UK ( 2004 ) - Sunner Memorial Lecture , Lund University , Sweden ( 2002 ) - Fulbright Fellow , USA ( 1995 ) Companies . Nielsen founded Fluxome A/S that raised more than M20EUR in venture capital . This company metabolically engineered yeast for production of resveratrol and used this yeast for commercial production of this compound . This process was acquired by the company Evolva . Nielsen has founded several other biotech companies , including Metabogen AB , Biopetrolia AB and Elypta AB , and he has served in the scientific advisory board of a range of different biotech companies in the US and Europe . Personal . Nielsen is originally from Horsens in Denmark . He has a daughter named Anna-mathilde . References . - Professor Jens Nielsen was ranked as the fourth most cited researcher in Europe in the field of mycology . External links . - Official website Sysbio - CV - News - Nielsen Lab - Department of Biology and Biological Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology - Metabogen - Biopetrolia - Elypta

hard

What was the position of Stephen Ladyman in Feb 2000?

/wiki/Stephen_Ladyman#P39#0

Stephen Ladyman Stephen John Ladyman ( born 6 November 1952 ) is a British Labour Party politician who was the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for South Thanet from 1997 until 2010 . Early life . He attended the Birkenhead Institute Grammar School for Boys ( became the comprehensive Birkenhead Institute High School then closed in August 1993 ) on Tollemache Road in Claughton , before studying at Liverpool Polytechnic where he received a BSc in Applied Biology . He did work placements at Rothamsted Experimental Station in Harpenden and at Ministry of Agriculture , Fisheries and Food in Liverpool , before studying for a PhD awarded by the University of Strathclyde for researching natural isotopic abundances of elements to enable prediction of soil development when at the Natural Environment Research Councils radiocarbon laboratory , in the Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre , East Kilbride . He worked as a research scientist for the Medical Research Council ( MRC ) Radiobiology Unit at Harwell in Oxfordshire from 1979–85 , where he researched the removal of radionuclides from lung tissue , before becoming Head of Computing for the Mathilda and Terence Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology in Charing Cross ( now owned by Imperial College ) from 1985–90 , building computer systems for the Kennedy Institute ( also part of Hammersmith Hospital ) , the Arthritis and Rheumatism Research Council and Charing Cross Sunley Research Centre . From 1990–1 , he was an IT consultant at Pfizer Central Research in Sandwich , south Thanet , where Viagra was discovered , advising research scientists on the design of computer systems , before working as Head of Computer User Support until 1997 . Political career . He contested the Wantage constituency in June 1987 , when 34 . From 1995–9 , Ladyman was a Thanet councillor and was appointed as Chairman of Finance of Thanet District Council . He was elected to Parliament in the 1997 United Kingdom general election , defeating Jonathan Aitken . He was a junior minister at the Department for Health from June 2003 until May 2005 , when he was appointed Minister of State for Transport having narrowly held his seat in the 2005 General Election with a majority of 664 votes . In the General election of 6 May 2010 , Ladyman once again stood as the Labour Party candidate for Thanet South ; however , he was defeated by Conservative candidate Laura Sandys who took the seat with a majority of over 7,600 . He was appointed chairman of Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust in January 2013 . Top Gear . While Minister for Transport , Ladyman appeared on Top Gear in 2005 to discuss speed cameras with Jeremy Clarkson during the shows Star in a Reasonably Priced Car segment . He revealed himself to be a fan of cars , and admitted to having received several speeding fines and a total of nine penalty points . The Minister displayed a passion for fast cars including having owned an Alfa Romeo and posting a lap time in the Reasonably Priced Car towards the top of the leaderboard . He set a time of 1:48.8 , faster than Clarksons own time of 1:50 . After presenter Richard Hammond was seriously injured in a high-speed crash in 2006 , Ladyman voiced his support for the programme . He denied that Top Gear encouraged dangerous driving , instead that they celebrate great engineering and , yes , they celebrate fast cars .. . but , equally , theyve had me on the programme giving out road safety messages . People dont go onto the road and break the speed limit because they watch Top Gear . Personal life . He married Janet Pike ( née Baker ) in May 1995 on the Isle of Thanet . He has one daughter , one stepdaughter and two stepsons . External links . - Dr Stephen Ladyman MP official site - Department for Transport – Dr Stephen Ladyman MP - Voting record at the Public Whip - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Stephen Ladyman MP - TheyWorkForYou.com – Stephen Ladyman MP - BBC Politics profile - Interviewed on The Westminster Hour about saving the planet - 2005 campaign

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What was the position of Stephen Ladyman in Oct 2004?

/wiki/Stephen_Ladyman#P39#1

Stephen Ladyman Stephen John Ladyman ( born 6 November 1952 ) is a British Labour Party politician who was the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for South Thanet from 1997 until 2010 . Early life . He attended the Birkenhead Institute Grammar School for Boys ( became the comprehensive Birkenhead Institute High School then closed in August 1993 ) on Tollemache Road in Claughton , before studying at Liverpool Polytechnic where he received a BSc in Applied Biology . He did work placements at Rothamsted Experimental Station in Harpenden and at Ministry of Agriculture , Fisheries and Food in Liverpool , before studying for a PhD awarded by the University of Strathclyde for researching natural isotopic abundances of elements to enable prediction of soil development when at the Natural Environment Research Councils radiocarbon laboratory , in the Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre , East Kilbride . He worked as a research scientist for the Medical Research Council ( MRC ) Radiobiology Unit at Harwell in Oxfordshire from 1979–85 , where he researched the removal of radionuclides from lung tissue , before becoming Head of Computing for the Mathilda and Terence Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology in Charing Cross ( now owned by Imperial College ) from 1985–90 , building computer systems for the Kennedy Institute ( also part of Hammersmith Hospital ) , the Arthritis and Rheumatism Research Council and Charing Cross Sunley Research Centre . From 1990–1 , he was an IT consultant at Pfizer Central Research in Sandwich , south Thanet , where Viagra was discovered , advising research scientists on the design of computer systems , before working as Head of Computer User Support until 1997 . Political career . He contested the Wantage constituency in June 1987 , when 34 . From 1995–9 , Ladyman was a Thanet councillor and was appointed as Chairman of Finance of Thanet District Council . He was elected to Parliament in the 1997 United Kingdom general election , defeating Jonathan Aitken . He was a junior minister at the Department for Health from June 2003 until May 2005 , when he was appointed Minister of State for Transport having narrowly held his seat in the 2005 General Election with a majority of 664 votes . In the General election of 6 May 2010 , Ladyman once again stood as the Labour Party candidate for Thanet South ; however , he was defeated by Conservative candidate Laura Sandys who took the seat with a majority of over 7,600 . He was appointed chairman of Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust in January 2013 . Top Gear . While Minister for Transport , Ladyman appeared on Top Gear in 2005 to discuss speed cameras with Jeremy Clarkson during the shows Star in a Reasonably Priced Car segment . He revealed himself to be a fan of cars , and admitted to having received several speeding fines and a total of nine penalty points . The Minister displayed a passion for fast cars including having owned an Alfa Romeo and posting a lap time in the Reasonably Priced Car towards the top of the leaderboard . He set a time of 1:48.8 , faster than Clarksons own time of 1:50 . After presenter Richard Hammond was seriously injured in a high-speed crash in 2006 , Ladyman voiced his support for the programme . He denied that Top Gear encouraged dangerous driving , instead that they celebrate great engineering and , yes , they celebrate fast cars .. . but , equally , theyve had me on the programme giving out road safety messages . People dont go onto the road and break the speed limit because they watch Top Gear . Personal life . He married Janet Pike ( née Baker ) in May 1995 on the Isle of Thanet . He has one daughter , one stepdaughter and two stepsons . External links . - Dr Stephen Ladyman MP official site - Department for Transport – Dr Stephen Ladyman MP - Voting record at the Public Whip - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Stephen Ladyman MP - TheyWorkForYou.com – Stephen Ladyman MP - BBC Politics profile - Interviewed on The Westminster Hour about saving the planet - 2005 campaign

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What was the position of Stephen Ladyman between Sep 2008 and Feb 2009?

/wiki/Stephen_Ladyman#P39#2

Stephen Ladyman Stephen John Ladyman ( born 6 November 1952 ) is a British Labour Party politician who was the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for South Thanet from 1997 until 2010 . Early life . He attended the Birkenhead Institute Grammar School for Boys ( became the comprehensive Birkenhead Institute High School then closed in August 1993 ) on Tollemache Road in Claughton , before studying at Liverpool Polytechnic where he received a BSc in Applied Biology . He did work placements at Rothamsted Experimental Station in Harpenden and at Ministry of Agriculture , Fisheries and Food in Liverpool , before studying for a PhD awarded by the University of Strathclyde for researching natural isotopic abundances of elements to enable prediction of soil development when at the Natural Environment Research Councils radiocarbon laboratory , in the Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre , East Kilbride . He worked as a research scientist for the Medical Research Council ( MRC ) Radiobiology Unit at Harwell in Oxfordshire from 1979–85 , where he researched the removal of radionuclides from lung tissue , before becoming Head of Computing for the Mathilda and Terence Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology in Charing Cross ( now owned by Imperial College ) from 1985–90 , building computer systems for the Kennedy Institute ( also part of Hammersmith Hospital ) , the Arthritis and Rheumatism Research Council and Charing Cross Sunley Research Centre . From 1990–1 , he was an IT consultant at Pfizer Central Research in Sandwich , south Thanet , where Viagra was discovered , advising research scientists on the design of computer systems , before working as Head of Computer User Support until 1997 . Political career . He contested the Wantage constituency in June 1987 , when 34 . From 1995–9 , Ladyman was a Thanet councillor and was appointed as Chairman of Finance of Thanet District Council . He was elected to Parliament in the 1997 United Kingdom general election , defeating Jonathan Aitken . He was a junior minister at the Department for Health from June 2003 until May 2005 , when he was appointed Minister of State for Transport having narrowly held his seat in the 2005 General Election with a majority of 664 votes . In the General election of 6 May 2010 , Ladyman once again stood as the Labour Party candidate for Thanet South ; however , he was defeated by Conservative candidate Laura Sandys who took the seat with a majority of over 7,600 . He was appointed chairman of Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust in January 2013 . Top Gear . While Minister for Transport , Ladyman appeared on Top Gear in 2005 to discuss speed cameras with Jeremy Clarkson during the shows Star in a Reasonably Priced Car segment . He revealed himself to be a fan of cars , and admitted to having received several speeding fines and a total of nine penalty points . The Minister displayed a passion for fast cars including having owned an Alfa Romeo and posting a lap time in the Reasonably Priced Car towards the top of the leaderboard . He set a time of 1:48.8 , faster than Clarksons own time of 1:50 . After presenter Richard Hammond was seriously injured in a high-speed crash in 2006 , Ladyman voiced his support for the programme . He denied that Top Gear encouraged dangerous driving , instead that they celebrate great engineering and , yes , they celebrate fast cars .. . but , equally , theyve had me on the programme giving out road safety messages . People dont go onto the road and break the speed limit because they watch Top Gear . Personal life . He married Janet Pike ( née Baker ) in May 1995 on the Isle of Thanet . He has one daughter , one stepdaughter and two stepsons . External links . - Dr Stephen Ladyman MP official site - Department for Transport – Dr Stephen Ladyman MP - Voting record at the Public Whip - Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle : Stephen Ladyman MP - TheyWorkForYou.com – Stephen Ladyman MP - BBC Politics profile - Interviewed on The Westminster Hour about saving the planet - 2005 campaign

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Who was the chair of Måsøy in Mar 2012?

/wiki/Måsøy#P6#0

Måsøy Måsøy ( ; ) is a municipality in Troms og Finnmark county , Norway . The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Havøysund . Other villages include Ingøy , Måsøy , Slåtten , and Gunnarnes . The municipality is located on the mainland as well as several islands . The municipality is the 97th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway . Masøy is the 320th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,225 . The municipalitys population density is and its population has decreased by 3.3% over the previous 10-year period . The municipality includes the Fruholmen Lighthouse , the northernmost lighthouse in Norway as well as the Havøysund Bridge , the northernmost bridge in the world . The tallest tower in Scandinavia , the tall Ingøy radio transmitter is located on Ingøya island . The Hurtigruten coastal express boat stops at the village of Havøysund daily . There is also a road connection to Måsøy , albeit often blocked by snow in the winter . Norwegian County Road 889 connects the mainland to Havøysund . General information . The town of Hammerfest and the vast surrounding rural district of Hammerfest was established as the municipality of Hammerfest by og landdistrikt on 1 January 1838 ( see formannskapsdistrikt ) . Soon after ( the same year ) , the northern district ( population : 498 ) was separated to become the new municipality of Maasøe , named after the village on the island of Måsøya where the local church is located . The spelling was later changed to Måsøy . On 1 January 1963 , a small area of southern Måsøy , north of Kokelv , ( population : 34 ) was transferred to neighboring Kvalsund Municipality . On 1 January 1984 , the western part of the island of Magerøya ( population : 240 ) was transferred from Måsøy to the neighboring Nordkapp Municipality . On 1 January 2020 , the municipality became part of the newly formed Troms og Finnmark county . Previously , it had been part of the old Finnmark county . Name . The first element is måse which means seagull and the last element is øy which means island . Previously , the village of Måsøy was the administrative centre since the main Måsøy Church was located there , hence it became the name of the municipality . Prior to 1918 , the name was written Maasøe or Maasø . Coat of arms . The coat of arms is from modern times ; they were granted on 7 September 1984 . The arms show a golden-yellow fishing gaff on a red background . These fishing gaffs have been used for many centuries in the municipality to haul large fish into the boat . The device is made of a large piece of wood with a bone or metal hook . The tool was chosen as a symbol for the importance of fishing to the municipality . Churches . The Church of Norway has one parish ( sokn ) within the municipality of Måsøy . It is part of the Hammerfest prosti ( deanery ) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland . Government . All municipalities in Norway , including Måsøy , are responsible for primary education ( through 10th grade ) , outpatient health services , senior citizen services , unemployment and other social services , zoning , economic development , and municipal roads . The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives , which in turn elect a mayor . The municipality falls under the Hammerfest District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal . Municipal council . The municipal council of Måsøy is made up of 15 representatives that are elected to four year terms . The party breakdown of the council is as follows : Mayors . The mayors of Måsøy ( incomplete list ) : - 2019–present : Bernth Sjursen ( Ap ) - 2017-2019 : Reidun Helene Mortensen ( Sp ) - 2014-2017 : Gudleif Kristiansen ( Sp ) - 2011-2014 : Anne Karin Olli ( H ) - 2009-2011 : John Aase ( Ap ) - 1995-2009 : Ingalill Olsen ( Ap ) Notable people . - Johannes Olai Olsen ( 1895 in Måsøy – 1974 ) a Norwegian fisherman and Mayor of Måsøy 1928-1940 - Lorentz Eldjarn ( 1920 in Måsøy – 2007 ) a Norwegian biochemist and medical doctor - Selmer Nilsen ( 1931 in Bakfjord – 1991 ) a Norwegian fisherman , spied for the GRU during the Cold War . - Aagot Vinterbo-Hohr ( born 1936 in Måsøy ) a Norwegian Sami physician and writer - Markus Svendsen ( born 1941 in Havøysund ) a Norwegian skier , competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics - Hanne Grete Einarsen ( born 1966 ) a Norwegian-Sami artist , lives in Snefjord Geography . The municipality is located on the northern coast of western Finnmark , comprising parts of the mainland ( located on the Porsanger Peninsula ) and many islands of various sizes . The main islands include Måsøya , Hjelmsøya , Havøya , Ingøya , and Rolvsøya . Most people live in the village of Havøysund , but there are also small hamlets spread around the islands and in the fjord areas , notably Snefjord , Slåtten , Ingøy , Gunnarnes , and Måsøy . The large lake Havvatnet lies in the southern part of the municipality . Birdlife . Lying in the northwest part of the county , Måsøy has a selection of habitats and a varied birdlife . Once again , some of the countys largest seabird colonies can be found in the municipality with the island of Hjelmsøya being one of the more interesting . White-tailed eagles can be seen as well as both Arctic skuas and great skuas . Climate . Måsøy has a subpolar oceanic climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfc ) , due to the relatively mild winter , but also due to the precipitation pattern with drier summer and wetter winter , which is opposite of the subarctic climate . Fruholmen was earlier a tundra climate , and is close to tundra with 1991-2020 normals . As the weather station is located at an exposed lighthouse , the inhabited areas of the municipality such as Havøysund will be slightly warmer in summer and slightly colder in winter than Fruholmen . External links . - Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway

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Who was the chair of Måsøy in Mar 2015?

/wiki/Måsøy#P6#1

Måsøy Måsøy ( ; ) is a municipality in Troms og Finnmark county , Norway . The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Havøysund . Other villages include Ingøy , Måsøy , Slåtten , and Gunnarnes . The municipality is located on the mainland as well as several islands . The municipality is the 97th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway . Masøy is the 320th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,225 . The municipalitys population density is and its population has decreased by 3.3% over the previous 10-year period . The municipality includes the Fruholmen Lighthouse , the northernmost lighthouse in Norway as well as the Havøysund Bridge , the northernmost bridge in the world . The tallest tower in Scandinavia , the tall Ingøy radio transmitter is located on Ingøya island . The Hurtigruten coastal express boat stops at the village of Havøysund daily . There is also a road connection to Måsøy , albeit often blocked by snow in the winter . Norwegian County Road 889 connects the mainland to Havøysund . General information . The town of Hammerfest and the vast surrounding rural district of Hammerfest was established as the municipality of Hammerfest by og landdistrikt on 1 January 1838 ( see formannskapsdistrikt ) . Soon after ( the same year ) , the northern district ( population : 498 ) was separated to become the new municipality of Maasøe , named after the village on the island of Måsøya where the local church is located . The spelling was later changed to Måsøy . On 1 January 1963 , a small area of southern Måsøy , north of Kokelv , ( population : 34 ) was transferred to neighboring Kvalsund Municipality . On 1 January 1984 , the western part of the island of Magerøya ( population : 240 ) was transferred from Måsøy to the neighboring Nordkapp Municipality . On 1 January 2020 , the municipality became part of the newly formed Troms og Finnmark county . Previously , it had been part of the old Finnmark county . Name . The first element is måse which means seagull and the last element is øy which means island . Previously , the village of Måsøy was the administrative centre since the main Måsøy Church was located there , hence it became the name of the municipality . Prior to 1918 , the name was written Maasøe or Maasø . Coat of arms . The coat of arms is from modern times ; they were granted on 7 September 1984 . The arms show a golden-yellow fishing gaff on a red background . These fishing gaffs have been used for many centuries in the municipality to haul large fish into the boat . The device is made of a large piece of wood with a bone or metal hook . The tool was chosen as a symbol for the importance of fishing to the municipality . Churches . The Church of Norway has one parish ( sokn ) within the municipality of Måsøy . It is part of the Hammerfest prosti ( deanery ) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland . Government . All municipalities in Norway , including Måsøy , are responsible for primary education ( through 10th grade ) , outpatient health services , senior citizen services , unemployment and other social services , zoning , economic development , and municipal roads . The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives , which in turn elect a mayor . The municipality falls under the Hammerfest District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal . Municipal council . The municipal council of Måsøy is made up of 15 representatives that are elected to four year terms . The party breakdown of the council is as follows : Mayors . The mayors of Måsøy ( incomplete list ) : - 2019–present : Bernth Sjursen ( Ap ) - 2017-2019 : Reidun Helene Mortensen ( Sp ) - 2014-2017 : Gudleif Kristiansen ( Sp ) - 2011-2014 : Anne Karin Olli ( H ) - 2009-2011 : John Aase ( Ap ) - 1995-2009 : Ingalill Olsen ( Ap ) Notable people . - Johannes Olai Olsen ( 1895 in Måsøy – 1974 ) a Norwegian fisherman and Mayor of Måsøy 1928-1940 - Lorentz Eldjarn ( 1920 in Måsøy – 2007 ) a Norwegian biochemist and medical doctor - Selmer Nilsen ( 1931 in Bakfjord – 1991 ) a Norwegian fisherman , spied for the GRU during the Cold War . - Aagot Vinterbo-Hohr ( born 1936 in Måsøy ) a Norwegian Sami physician and writer - Markus Svendsen ( born 1941 in Havøysund ) a Norwegian skier , competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics - Hanne Grete Einarsen ( born 1966 ) a Norwegian-Sami artist , lives in Snefjord Geography . The municipality is located on the northern coast of western Finnmark , comprising parts of the mainland ( located on the Porsanger Peninsula ) and many islands of various sizes . The main islands include Måsøya , Hjelmsøya , Havøya , Ingøya , and Rolvsøya . Most people live in the village of Havøysund , but there are also small hamlets spread around the islands and in the fjord areas , notably Snefjord , Slåtten , Ingøy , Gunnarnes , and Måsøy . The large lake Havvatnet lies in the southern part of the municipality . Birdlife . Lying in the northwest part of the county , Måsøy has a selection of habitats and a varied birdlife . Once again , some of the countys largest seabird colonies can be found in the municipality with the island of Hjelmsøya being one of the more interesting . White-tailed eagles can be seen as well as both Arctic skuas and great skuas . Climate . Måsøy has a subpolar oceanic climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfc ) , due to the relatively mild winter , but also due to the precipitation pattern with drier summer and wetter winter , which is opposite of the subarctic climate . Fruholmen was earlier a tundra climate , and is close to tundra with 1991-2020 normals . As the weather station is located at an exposed lighthouse , the inhabited areas of the municipality such as Havøysund will be slightly warmer in summer and slightly colder in winter than Fruholmen . External links . - Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway

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Who was the chair of Måsøy between Aug 2018 and Nov 2018?

/wiki/Måsøy#P6#2

Måsøy Måsøy ( ; ) is a municipality in Troms og Finnmark county , Norway . The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Havøysund . Other villages include Ingøy , Måsøy , Slåtten , and Gunnarnes . The municipality is located on the mainland as well as several islands . The municipality is the 97th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway . Masøy is the 320th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,225 . The municipalitys population density is and its population has decreased by 3.3% over the previous 10-year period . The municipality includes the Fruholmen Lighthouse , the northernmost lighthouse in Norway as well as the Havøysund Bridge , the northernmost bridge in the world . The tallest tower in Scandinavia , the tall Ingøy radio transmitter is located on Ingøya island . The Hurtigruten coastal express boat stops at the village of Havøysund daily . There is also a road connection to Måsøy , albeit often blocked by snow in the winter . Norwegian County Road 889 connects the mainland to Havøysund . General information . The town of Hammerfest and the vast surrounding rural district of Hammerfest was established as the municipality of Hammerfest by og landdistrikt on 1 January 1838 ( see formannskapsdistrikt ) . Soon after ( the same year ) , the northern district ( population : 498 ) was separated to become the new municipality of Maasøe , named after the village on the island of Måsøya where the local church is located . The spelling was later changed to Måsøy . On 1 January 1963 , a small area of southern Måsøy , north of Kokelv , ( population : 34 ) was transferred to neighboring Kvalsund Municipality . On 1 January 1984 , the western part of the island of Magerøya ( population : 240 ) was transferred from Måsøy to the neighboring Nordkapp Municipality . On 1 January 2020 , the municipality became part of the newly formed Troms og Finnmark county . Previously , it had been part of the old Finnmark county . Name . The first element is måse which means seagull and the last element is øy which means island . Previously , the village of Måsøy was the administrative centre since the main Måsøy Church was located there , hence it became the name of the municipality . Prior to 1918 , the name was written Maasøe or Maasø . Coat of arms . The coat of arms is from modern times ; they were granted on 7 September 1984 . The arms show a golden-yellow fishing gaff on a red background . These fishing gaffs have been used for many centuries in the municipality to haul large fish into the boat . The device is made of a large piece of wood with a bone or metal hook . The tool was chosen as a symbol for the importance of fishing to the municipality . Churches . The Church of Norway has one parish ( sokn ) within the municipality of Måsøy . It is part of the Hammerfest prosti ( deanery ) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland . Government . All municipalities in Norway , including Måsøy , are responsible for primary education ( through 10th grade ) , outpatient health services , senior citizen services , unemployment and other social services , zoning , economic development , and municipal roads . The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives , which in turn elect a mayor . The municipality falls under the Hammerfest District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal . Municipal council . The municipal council of Måsøy is made up of 15 representatives that are elected to four year terms . The party breakdown of the council is as follows : Mayors . The mayors of Måsøy ( incomplete list ) : - 2019–present : Bernth Sjursen ( Ap ) - 2017-2019 : Reidun Helene Mortensen ( Sp ) - 2014-2017 : Gudleif Kristiansen ( Sp ) - 2011-2014 : Anne Karin Olli ( H ) - 2009-2011 : John Aase ( Ap ) - 1995-2009 : Ingalill Olsen ( Ap ) Notable people . - Johannes Olai Olsen ( 1895 in Måsøy – 1974 ) a Norwegian fisherman and Mayor of Måsøy 1928-1940 - Lorentz Eldjarn ( 1920 in Måsøy – 2007 ) a Norwegian biochemist and medical doctor - Selmer Nilsen ( 1931 in Bakfjord – 1991 ) a Norwegian fisherman , spied for the GRU during the Cold War . - Aagot Vinterbo-Hohr ( born 1936 in Måsøy ) a Norwegian Sami physician and writer - Markus Svendsen ( born 1941 in Havøysund ) a Norwegian skier , competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics - Hanne Grete Einarsen ( born 1966 ) a Norwegian-Sami artist , lives in Snefjord Geography . The municipality is located on the northern coast of western Finnmark , comprising parts of the mainland ( located on the Porsanger Peninsula ) and many islands of various sizes . The main islands include Måsøya , Hjelmsøya , Havøya , Ingøya , and Rolvsøya . Most people live in the village of Havøysund , but there are also small hamlets spread around the islands and in the fjord areas , notably Snefjord , Slåtten , Ingøy , Gunnarnes , and Måsøy . The large lake Havvatnet lies in the southern part of the municipality . Birdlife . Lying in the northwest part of the county , Måsøy has a selection of habitats and a varied birdlife . Once again , some of the countys largest seabird colonies can be found in the municipality with the island of Hjelmsøya being one of the more interesting . White-tailed eagles can be seen as well as both Arctic skuas and great skuas . Climate . Måsøy has a subpolar oceanic climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfc ) , due to the relatively mild winter , but also due to the precipitation pattern with drier summer and wetter winter , which is opposite of the subarctic climate . Fruholmen was earlier a tundra climate , and is close to tundra with 1991-2020 normals . As the weather station is located at an exposed lighthouse , the inhabited areas of the municipality such as Havøysund will be slightly warmer in summer and slightly colder in winter than Fruholmen . External links . - Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway

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Who was the chair of Måsøy between Dec 2019 and Dec 2019?

/wiki/Måsøy#P6#3

Måsøy Måsøy ( ; ) is a municipality in Troms og Finnmark county , Norway . The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Havøysund . Other villages include Ingøy , Måsøy , Slåtten , and Gunnarnes . The municipality is located on the mainland as well as several islands . The municipality is the 97th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway . Masøy is the 320th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,225 . The municipalitys population density is and its population has decreased by 3.3% over the previous 10-year period . The municipality includes the Fruholmen Lighthouse , the northernmost lighthouse in Norway as well as the Havøysund Bridge , the northernmost bridge in the world . The tallest tower in Scandinavia , the tall Ingøy radio transmitter is located on Ingøya island . The Hurtigruten coastal express boat stops at the village of Havøysund daily . There is also a road connection to Måsøy , albeit often blocked by snow in the winter . Norwegian County Road 889 connects the mainland to Havøysund . General information . The town of Hammerfest and the vast surrounding rural district of Hammerfest was established as the municipality of Hammerfest by og landdistrikt on 1 January 1838 ( see formannskapsdistrikt ) . Soon after ( the same year ) , the northern district ( population : 498 ) was separated to become the new municipality of Maasøe , named after the village on the island of Måsøya where the local church is located . The spelling was later changed to Måsøy . On 1 January 1963 , a small area of southern Måsøy , north of Kokelv , ( population : 34 ) was transferred to neighboring Kvalsund Municipality . On 1 January 1984 , the western part of the island of Magerøya ( population : 240 ) was transferred from Måsøy to the neighboring Nordkapp Municipality . On 1 January 2020 , the municipality became part of the newly formed Troms og Finnmark county . Previously , it had been part of the old Finnmark county . Name . The first element is måse which means seagull and the last element is øy which means island . Previously , the village of Måsøy was the administrative centre since the main Måsøy Church was located there , hence it became the name of the municipality . Prior to 1918 , the name was written Maasøe or Maasø . Coat of arms . The coat of arms is from modern times ; they were granted on 7 September 1984 . The arms show a golden-yellow fishing gaff on a red background . These fishing gaffs have been used for many centuries in the municipality to haul large fish into the boat . The device is made of a large piece of wood with a bone or metal hook . The tool was chosen as a symbol for the importance of fishing to the municipality . Churches . The Church of Norway has one parish ( sokn ) within the municipality of Måsøy . It is part of the Hammerfest prosti ( deanery ) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland . Government . All municipalities in Norway , including Måsøy , are responsible for primary education ( through 10th grade ) , outpatient health services , senior citizen services , unemployment and other social services , zoning , economic development , and municipal roads . The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives , which in turn elect a mayor . The municipality falls under the Hammerfest District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal . Municipal council . The municipal council of Måsøy is made up of 15 representatives that are elected to four year terms . The party breakdown of the council is as follows : Mayors . The mayors of Måsøy ( incomplete list ) : - 2019–present : Bernth Sjursen ( Ap ) - 2017-2019 : Reidun Helene Mortensen ( Sp ) - 2014-2017 : Gudleif Kristiansen ( Sp ) - 2011-2014 : Anne Karin Olli ( H ) - 2009-2011 : John Aase ( Ap ) - 1995-2009 : Ingalill Olsen ( Ap ) Notable people . - Johannes Olai Olsen ( 1895 in Måsøy – 1974 ) a Norwegian fisherman and Mayor of Måsøy 1928-1940 - Lorentz Eldjarn ( 1920 in Måsøy – 2007 ) a Norwegian biochemist and medical doctor - Selmer Nilsen ( 1931 in Bakfjord – 1991 ) a Norwegian fisherman , spied for the GRU during the Cold War . - Aagot Vinterbo-Hohr ( born 1936 in Måsøy ) a Norwegian Sami physician and writer - Markus Svendsen ( born 1941 in Havøysund ) a Norwegian skier , competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics - Hanne Grete Einarsen ( born 1966 ) a Norwegian-Sami artist , lives in Snefjord Geography . The municipality is located on the northern coast of western Finnmark , comprising parts of the mainland ( located on the Porsanger Peninsula ) and many islands of various sizes . The main islands include Måsøya , Hjelmsøya , Havøya , Ingøya , and Rolvsøya . Most people live in the village of Havøysund , but there are also small hamlets spread around the islands and in the fjord areas , notably Snefjord , Slåtten , Ingøy , Gunnarnes , and Måsøy . The large lake Havvatnet lies in the southern part of the municipality . Birdlife . Lying in the northwest part of the county , Måsøy has a selection of habitats and a varied birdlife . Once again , some of the countys largest seabird colonies can be found in the municipality with the island of Hjelmsøya being one of the more interesting . White-tailed eagles can be seen as well as both Arctic skuas and great skuas . Climate . Måsøy has a subpolar oceanic climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfc ) , due to the relatively mild winter , but also due to the precipitation pattern with drier summer and wetter winter , which is opposite of the subarctic climate . Fruholmen was earlier a tundra climate , and is close to tundra with 1991-2020 normals . As the weather station is located at an exposed lighthouse , the inhabited areas of the municipality such as Havøysund will be slightly warmer in summer and slightly colder in winter than Fruholmen . External links . - Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway

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John Spencer (Scottish footballer) played for which team between Jul 1988 and Nov 1988?

/wiki/John_Spencer_(Scottish_footballer)#P54#0

John Spencer ( Scottish footballer ) John Spencer ( born 11 September 1970 ) is a Scottish former professional footballer and coach . As a player , he was a forward from 1988 until 2004 , notably in the English Premier League for Chelsea and Everton and the Scottish Premier League for Motherwell . He also played in his native country for Rangers and Morton , in Hong Kong for Lai Sun and in the English Football League with Queens Park Rangers . He finished his career in the United States with a three-year spell with the Colorado Rapids . He also earned 14 caps for Scotland . Since retiring from playing in 2004 , Spencer has remained in America , and was assistant coach of Houston Dynamo before becoming head coach of the Portland Timbers in 2011 until being relieved of his coaching position on 9 July 2012 . He returned to the Colorado Rapids as an assistant coach in 2016 , before joining the San Jose Earthquakes in a similar role for the 2017 season , until both he and head coach Dominic Kinnear were let go on 25 June 2017 . Early life . Spencer was born in Glasgow and raised in the citys Gorbals district . He initially attended John Bosco Secondary School locally , and was in the same school year as fellow professional footballer Paddy Connolly . He then changed to St Ninians High School in Giffnock . Club career . Rangers . Spencer started his career at Rangers , signing with the club as a schoolboy in 1982 and as a professional in 1985 . Future Scotland colleague Eoin Jess was a teammate at youth level . His signing , even as a 12-year-old schoolboy who had yet to play a competitive senior match proved problematic ; Spencer was Catholic and the club had a strong Protestant culture . His decision to sign for Rangers meant that he was regularly threatened and challenged to fights at the Catholic school he attended , while Celtic-supporting members of his family would walk by him in the street , and have never spoken to him since . He also encountered sectarianism within Rangers , as one player remarked to him that youll be fucking happy now that weve signed one of your kind when it became known that Mo Johnston would sign for the club in 1989 . Spencer made his debut for Rangers in 1987 , winning the minor Glasgow Cup in his first season . In 1988 , he was loaned by then manager Graeme Souness to Morton , where he made four league appearances ( scoring once ) before returning to Ibrox . Spencer remained a fringe player at Rangers and after a further loan spell with Lai Sun of Hong Kong was sold in 1992 to Chelsea for a fee of £450,000 , having made 20 appearances in all competitions over five years . Chelsea . At Chelsea , Spencer enjoyed a consistent period of playing in his career . Between August 1992 and October 1996 he made 137 appearances and scored 43 goals in all competitions . He featured in the teams which lost 4–0 to Manchester United in the 1994 FA Cup Final and reached the semi-finals of the 1994–95 European Cup Winners Cup and the 1995–96 FA Cup . Queens Park Rangers . In November 1996 , recently appointed Chelsea manager Ruud Gullit sold Spencer for £2.5 million to Queens Park Rangers , then in the second tier of English football , the First Division . Spencer appeared 56 times and scored 25 goals , but QPR failed to gain promotion to the Premier League after Spencers initial season , and in his second flirted with relegation . Everton . In 1998 , he moved to Everton , initially on loan , but subsequently for a fee of £1.5 million . Reunited with Walter Smith , his former manager at Rangers , Spencers career at Everton quickly stalled , as he struggled to regain the performance levels required as a Premiership player . After only eight months and nine games he was loaned to Motherwell . Motherwell . In 1999 , Spencers move to Motherwell was made permanent , for a club-record fee of £500,000 . Spencers signing was seen as evidence of a raised level ambition at Fir Park . Scoring 21 times in 81 appearances spread over three seasons , Spencers time at Motherwell was tempered by a series of injuries . His final season , 2000–01 , saw three goals . As Motherwell sought to cut costs , Spencer was sold to Colorado Rapids on 21 February 2001 . Colorado Rapids . Spencer made an impressive MLS debut with the Rapids . In his first year , he started 22 games , and finished the year with 14 goals and seven assists , and was subsequently named to the MLS Best XI . Spencers second year was once more hampered by injuries , but he still finished with five goals and four assists in 13 games . He returned to form in 2003 , leading the team in scoring again with 14 goals and five assists , winning a place in the MLS Best XI , as well as ranking as a finalist for the MLS MVP Award . In 2004 , as injuries kept him out of several games , he finished the season with four goals and one assist in 19 starts . He retired after the season . On 30 August 2009 , Spencer was inducted into the Rapids Gallery of Honor at halftime of the Dynamos 1–0 loss to the Rapids International career . Having played three matches for the under-21s while at Rangers , Spencers prominence at Chelsea saw him gain the first of 14 caps for the Scotland national team in November 1994 , appearing as a substitute in a 1–1 draw with Russia at Hampden Park in Scotlands successful campaign to qualify for the 1996 European Championship . He played in all three matches at the finals , starting in the defeat to England and coming off the bench in the draw against the Netherlands and the win over Switzerland . As his club career fluctuated he also featured less on the international scene , making one appearance at the outset of the 1998 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign , and claiming his last cap in a friendly against Wales in May 1997 . Coaching career . Houston Dynamo . Upon retiring from his playing career , Spencer joined Houston Dynamo as an assistant coach on Dominic Kinnears staff . With Spencer on staff , the Dynamo won back-to-back MLS Cup championships in 2006 and 2007 . Spencer also served as the head coach for the Dynamo Reserves and led that squad to the 2008 MLS Reserve Division Championship . Portland Timbers . Appointed the first head coach in the Timbers MLS history on 10 Aug . 2010 , Spencer led the Timbers to a successful season in 2011 , finishing on the brink of a coveted MLS Cup playoff berth in what was his first season as a head coach and the clubs inaugural MLS season . Under Spencers guidance in 2011 , the Timbers opened their MLS era with a historic start , winning their first five MLS matches on their home field at Jeld-Wen Field . Portland became the first MLS expansion side to win the first five home matches of its inaugural season . The Timbers momentum at home continued throughout the season as the club finished among MLS leaders in goals scored at home ( 30 ) and home wins ( 9 ) . The Timbers success at home combined with energy of their passionate supporters group , the Timbers Army , gave Jeld-Wen Field the reputation of being one of the most intimidating venues for visiting teams in MLS . The clubs 11 wins in 2011 ranks tied for fourth with the 2006 Houston Dynamo among wins for MLS expansion franchises ( that Houston franchise being a relocated San Jose Earthquakes franchise ) . Known as a players coach , Spencer installed an attacking style of play and a blue-collar , hard-working mentality to the Timbers in his first season at the helm . Following a slow start for the Timbers in their second season , Spencer was relieved of his coaching duties for the Portland Timbers in July 2012 . Personal life . Spencer is brother-in-law to football manager Billy Davies , who also played for Rangers and Motherwell and managed Preston North End , Derby County and Nottingham Forest . His other brother-in-law John Davies was also a footballer , with Billy Davies signing both Johns to play under him during his time as Motherwell boss . His son Brad Spencer is a footballer who plays for Raith Rovers . Managerial record . - 1.Includes league , playoffs , cup and CONCACAF Champions League . - 2.Spencer was hired as the first coach of the Major League Soccer franchise ; not as the clubs USSF Division 2 Professional League coach . External links . - John Spencers WTFC.net player profile

hard

John Spencer (Scottish footballer) played for which team between Jan 1989 and Feb 1989?

/wiki/John_Spencer_(Scottish_footballer)#P54#1

John Spencer ( Scottish footballer ) John Spencer ( born 11 September 1970 ) is a Scottish former professional footballer and coach . As a player , he was a forward from 1988 until 2004 , notably in the English Premier League for Chelsea and Everton and the Scottish Premier League for Motherwell . He also played in his native country for Rangers and Morton , in Hong Kong for Lai Sun and in the English Football League with Queens Park Rangers . He finished his career in the United States with a three-year spell with the Colorado Rapids . He also earned 14 caps for Scotland . Since retiring from playing in 2004 , Spencer has remained in America , and was assistant coach of Houston Dynamo before becoming head coach of the Portland Timbers in 2011 until being relieved of his coaching position on 9 July 2012 . He returned to the Colorado Rapids as an assistant coach in 2016 , before joining the San Jose Earthquakes in a similar role for the 2017 season , until both he and head coach Dominic Kinnear were let go on 25 June 2017 . Early life . Spencer was born in Glasgow and raised in the citys Gorbals district . He initially attended John Bosco Secondary School locally , and was in the same school year as fellow professional footballer Paddy Connolly . He then changed to St Ninians High School in Giffnock . Club career . Rangers . Spencer started his career at Rangers , signing with the club as a schoolboy in 1982 and as a professional in 1985 . Future Scotland colleague Eoin Jess was a teammate at youth level . His signing , even as a 12-year-old schoolboy who had yet to play a competitive senior match proved problematic ; Spencer was Catholic and the club had a strong Protestant culture . His decision to sign for Rangers meant that he was regularly threatened and challenged to fights at the Catholic school he attended , while Celtic-supporting members of his family would walk by him in the street , and have never spoken to him since . He also encountered sectarianism within Rangers , as one player remarked to him that youll be fucking happy now that weve signed one of your kind when it became known that Mo Johnston would sign for the club in 1989 . Spencer made his debut for Rangers in 1987 , winning the minor Glasgow Cup in his first season . In 1988 , he was loaned by then manager Graeme Souness to Morton , where he made four league appearances ( scoring once ) before returning to Ibrox . Spencer remained a fringe player at Rangers and after a further loan spell with Lai Sun of Hong Kong was sold in 1992 to Chelsea for a fee of £450,000 , having made 20 appearances in all competitions over five years . Chelsea . At Chelsea , Spencer enjoyed a consistent period of playing in his career . Between August 1992 and October 1996 he made 137 appearances and scored 43 goals in all competitions . He featured in the teams which lost 4–0 to Manchester United in the 1994 FA Cup Final and reached the semi-finals of the 1994–95 European Cup Winners Cup and the 1995–96 FA Cup . Queens Park Rangers . In November 1996 , recently appointed Chelsea manager Ruud Gullit sold Spencer for £2.5 million to Queens Park Rangers , then in the second tier of English football , the First Division . Spencer appeared 56 times and scored 25 goals , but QPR failed to gain promotion to the Premier League after Spencers initial season , and in his second flirted with relegation . Everton . In 1998 , he moved to Everton , initially on loan , but subsequently for a fee of £1.5 million . Reunited with Walter Smith , his former manager at Rangers , Spencers career at Everton quickly stalled , as he struggled to regain the performance levels required as a Premiership player . After only eight months and nine games he was loaned to Motherwell . Motherwell . In 1999 , Spencers move to Motherwell was made permanent , for a club-record fee of £500,000 . Spencers signing was seen as evidence of a raised level ambition at Fir Park . Scoring 21 times in 81 appearances spread over three seasons , Spencers time at Motherwell was tempered by a series of injuries . His final season , 2000–01 , saw three goals . As Motherwell sought to cut costs , Spencer was sold to Colorado Rapids on 21 February 2001 . Colorado Rapids . Spencer made an impressive MLS debut with the Rapids . In his first year , he started 22 games , and finished the year with 14 goals and seven assists , and was subsequently named to the MLS Best XI . Spencers second year was once more hampered by injuries , but he still finished with five goals and four assists in 13 games . He returned to form in 2003 , leading the team in scoring again with 14 goals and five assists , winning a place in the MLS Best XI , as well as ranking as a finalist for the MLS MVP Award . In 2004 , as injuries kept him out of several games , he finished the season with four goals and one assist in 19 starts . He retired after the season . On 30 August 2009 , Spencer was inducted into the Rapids Gallery of Honor at halftime of the Dynamos 1–0 loss to the Rapids International career . Having played three matches for the under-21s while at Rangers , Spencers prominence at Chelsea saw him gain the first of 14 caps for the Scotland national team in November 1994 , appearing as a substitute in a 1–1 draw with Russia at Hampden Park in Scotlands successful campaign to qualify for the 1996 European Championship . He played in all three matches at the finals , starting in the defeat to England and coming off the bench in the draw against the Netherlands and the win over Switzerland . As his club career fluctuated he also featured less on the international scene , making one appearance at the outset of the 1998 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign , and claiming his last cap in a friendly against Wales in May 1997 . Coaching career . Houston Dynamo . Upon retiring from his playing career , Spencer joined Houston Dynamo as an assistant coach on Dominic Kinnears staff . With Spencer on staff , the Dynamo won back-to-back MLS Cup championships in 2006 and 2007 . Spencer also served as the head coach for the Dynamo Reserves and led that squad to the 2008 MLS Reserve Division Championship . Portland Timbers . Appointed the first head coach in the Timbers MLS history on 10 Aug . 2010 , Spencer led the Timbers to a successful season in 2011 , finishing on the brink of a coveted MLS Cup playoff berth in what was his first season as a head coach and the clubs inaugural MLS season . Under Spencers guidance in 2011 , the Timbers opened their MLS era with a historic start , winning their first five MLS matches on their home field at Jeld-Wen Field . Portland became the first MLS expansion side to win the first five home matches of its inaugural season . The Timbers momentum at home continued throughout the season as the club finished among MLS leaders in goals scored at home ( 30 ) and home wins ( 9 ) . The Timbers success at home combined with energy of their passionate supporters group , the Timbers Army , gave Jeld-Wen Field the reputation of being one of the most intimidating venues for visiting teams in MLS . The clubs 11 wins in 2011 ranks tied for fourth with the 2006 Houston Dynamo among wins for MLS expansion franchises ( that Houston franchise being a relocated San Jose Earthquakes franchise ) . Known as a players coach , Spencer installed an attacking style of play and a blue-collar , hard-working mentality to the Timbers in his first season at the helm . Following a slow start for the Timbers in their second season , Spencer was relieved of his coaching duties for the Portland Timbers in July 2012 . Personal life . Spencer is brother-in-law to football manager Billy Davies , who also played for Rangers and Motherwell and managed Preston North End , Derby County and Nottingham Forest . His other brother-in-law John Davies was also a footballer , with Billy Davies signing both Johns to play under him during his time as Motherwell boss . His son Brad Spencer is a footballer who plays for Raith Rovers . Managerial record . - 1.Includes league , playoffs , cup and CONCACAF Champions League . - 2.Spencer was hired as the first coach of the Major League Soccer franchise ; not as the clubs USSF Division 2 Professional League coach . External links . - John Spencers WTFC.net player profile

hard

John Spencer (Scottish footballer) played for which team between Aug 1992 and Aug 1993?

/wiki/John_Spencer_(Scottish_footballer)#P54#2

John Spencer ( Scottish footballer ) John Spencer ( born 11 September 1970 ) is a Scottish former professional footballer and coach . As a player , he was a forward from 1988 until 2004 , notably in the English Premier League for Chelsea and Everton and the Scottish Premier League for Motherwell . He also played in his native country for Rangers and Morton , in Hong Kong for Lai Sun and in the English Football League with Queens Park Rangers . He finished his career in the United States with a three-year spell with the Colorado Rapids . He also earned 14 caps for Scotland . Since retiring from playing in 2004 , Spencer has remained in America , and was assistant coach of Houston Dynamo before becoming head coach of the Portland Timbers in 2011 until being relieved of his coaching position on 9 July 2012 . He returned to the Colorado Rapids as an assistant coach in 2016 , before joining the San Jose Earthquakes in a similar role for the 2017 season , until both he and head coach Dominic Kinnear were let go on 25 June 2017 . Early life . Spencer was born in Glasgow and raised in the citys Gorbals district . He initially attended John Bosco Secondary School locally , and was in the same school year as fellow professional footballer Paddy Connolly . He then changed to St Ninians High School in Giffnock . Club career . Rangers . Spencer started his career at Rangers , signing with the club as a schoolboy in 1982 and as a professional in 1985 . Future Scotland colleague Eoin Jess was a teammate at youth level . His signing , even as a 12-year-old schoolboy who had yet to play a competitive senior match proved problematic ; Spencer was Catholic and the club had a strong Protestant culture . His decision to sign for Rangers meant that he was regularly threatened and challenged to fights at the Catholic school he attended , while Celtic-supporting members of his family would walk by him in the street , and have never spoken to him since . He also encountered sectarianism within Rangers , as one player remarked to him that youll be fucking happy now that weve signed one of your kind when it became known that Mo Johnston would sign for the club in 1989 . Spencer made his debut for Rangers in 1987 , winning the minor Glasgow Cup in his first season . In 1988 , he was loaned by then manager Graeme Souness to Morton , where he made four league appearances ( scoring once ) before returning to Ibrox . Spencer remained a fringe player at Rangers and after a further loan spell with Lai Sun of Hong Kong was sold in 1992 to Chelsea for a fee of £450,000 , having made 20 appearances in all competitions over five years . Chelsea . At Chelsea , Spencer enjoyed a consistent period of playing in his career . Between August 1992 and October 1996 he made 137 appearances and scored 43 goals in all competitions . He featured in the teams which lost 4–0 to Manchester United in the 1994 FA Cup Final and reached the semi-finals of the 1994–95 European Cup Winners Cup and the 1995–96 FA Cup . Queens Park Rangers . In November 1996 , recently appointed Chelsea manager Ruud Gullit sold Spencer for £2.5 million to Queens Park Rangers , then in the second tier of English football , the First Division . Spencer appeared 56 times and scored 25 goals , but QPR failed to gain promotion to the Premier League after Spencers initial season , and in his second flirted with relegation . Everton . In 1998 , he moved to Everton , initially on loan , but subsequently for a fee of £1.5 million . Reunited with Walter Smith , his former manager at Rangers , Spencers career at Everton quickly stalled , as he struggled to regain the performance levels required as a Premiership player . After only eight months and nine games he was loaned to Motherwell . Motherwell . In 1999 , Spencers move to Motherwell was made permanent , for a club-record fee of £500,000 . Spencers signing was seen as evidence of a raised level ambition at Fir Park . Scoring 21 times in 81 appearances spread over three seasons , Spencers time at Motherwell was tempered by a series of injuries . His final season , 2000–01 , saw three goals . As Motherwell sought to cut costs , Spencer was sold to Colorado Rapids on 21 February 2001 . Colorado Rapids . Spencer made an impressive MLS debut with the Rapids . In his first year , he started 22 games , and finished the year with 14 goals and seven assists , and was subsequently named to the MLS Best XI . Spencers second year was once more hampered by injuries , but he still finished with five goals and four assists in 13 games . He returned to form in 2003 , leading the team in scoring again with 14 goals and five assists , winning a place in the MLS Best XI , as well as ranking as a finalist for the MLS MVP Award . In 2004 , as injuries kept him out of several games , he finished the season with four goals and one assist in 19 starts . He retired after the season . On 30 August 2009 , Spencer was inducted into the Rapids Gallery of Honor at halftime of the Dynamos 1–0 loss to the Rapids International career . Having played three matches for the under-21s while at Rangers , Spencers prominence at Chelsea saw him gain the first of 14 caps for the Scotland national team in November 1994 , appearing as a substitute in a 1–1 draw with Russia at Hampden Park in Scotlands successful campaign to qualify for the 1996 European Championship . He played in all three matches at the finals , starting in the defeat to England and coming off the bench in the draw against the Netherlands and the win over Switzerland . As his club career fluctuated he also featured less on the international scene , making one appearance at the outset of the 1998 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign , and claiming his last cap in a friendly against Wales in May 1997 . Coaching career . Houston Dynamo . Upon retiring from his playing career , Spencer joined Houston Dynamo as an assistant coach on Dominic Kinnears staff . With Spencer on staff , the Dynamo won back-to-back MLS Cup championships in 2006 and 2007 . Spencer also served as the head coach for the Dynamo Reserves and led that squad to the 2008 MLS Reserve Division Championship . Portland Timbers . Appointed the first head coach in the Timbers MLS history on 10 Aug . 2010 , Spencer led the Timbers to a successful season in 2011 , finishing on the brink of a coveted MLS Cup playoff berth in what was his first season as a head coach and the clubs inaugural MLS season . Under Spencers guidance in 2011 , the Timbers opened their MLS era with a historic start , winning their first five MLS matches on their home field at Jeld-Wen Field . Portland became the first MLS expansion side to win the first five home matches of its inaugural season . The Timbers momentum at home continued throughout the season as the club finished among MLS leaders in goals scored at home ( 30 ) and home wins ( 9 ) . The Timbers success at home combined with energy of their passionate supporters group , the Timbers Army , gave Jeld-Wen Field the reputation of being one of the most intimidating venues for visiting teams in MLS . The clubs 11 wins in 2011 ranks tied for fourth with the 2006 Houston Dynamo among wins for MLS expansion franchises ( that Houston franchise being a relocated San Jose Earthquakes franchise ) . Known as a players coach , Spencer installed an attacking style of play and a blue-collar , hard-working mentality to the Timbers in his first season at the helm . Following a slow start for the Timbers in their second season , Spencer was relieved of his coaching duties for the Portland Timbers in July 2012 . Personal life . Spencer is brother-in-law to football manager Billy Davies , who also played for Rangers and Motherwell and managed Preston North End , Derby County and Nottingham Forest . His other brother-in-law John Davies was also a footballer , with Billy Davies signing both Johns to play under him during his time as Motherwell boss . His son Brad Spencer is a footballer who plays for Raith Rovers . Managerial record . - 1.Includes league , playoffs , cup and CONCACAF Champions League . - 2.Spencer was hired as the first coach of the Major League Soccer franchise ; not as the clubs USSF Division 2 Professional League coach . External links . - John Spencers WTFC.net player profile

hard

John Spencer (Scottish footballer) played for which team between Feb 1996 and Dec 1997?

/wiki/John_Spencer_(Scottish_footballer)#P54#3

John Spencer ( Scottish footballer ) John Spencer ( born 11 September 1970 ) is a Scottish former professional footballer and coach . As a player , he was a forward from 1988 until 2004 , notably in the English Premier League for Chelsea and Everton and the Scottish Premier League for Motherwell . He also played in his native country for Rangers and Morton , in Hong Kong for Lai Sun and in the English Football League with Queens Park Rangers . He finished his career in the United States with a three-year spell with the Colorado Rapids . He also earned 14 caps for Scotland . Since retiring from playing in 2004 , Spencer has remained in America , and was assistant coach of Houston Dynamo before becoming head coach of the Portland Timbers in 2011 until being relieved of his coaching position on 9 July 2012 . He returned to the Colorado Rapids as an assistant coach in 2016 , before joining the San Jose Earthquakes in a similar role for the 2017 season , until both he and head coach Dominic Kinnear were let go on 25 June 2017 . Early life . Spencer was born in Glasgow and raised in the citys Gorbals district . He initially attended John Bosco Secondary School locally , and was in the same school year as fellow professional footballer Paddy Connolly . He then changed to St Ninians High School in Giffnock . Club career . Rangers . Spencer started his career at Rangers , signing with the club as a schoolboy in 1982 and as a professional in 1985 . Future Scotland colleague Eoin Jess was a teammate at youth level . His signing , even as a 12-year-old schoolboy who had yet to play a competitive senior match proved problematic ; Spencer was Catholic and the club had a strong Protestant culture . His decision to sign for Rangers meant that he was regularly threatened and challenged to fights at the Catholic school he attended , while Celtic-supporting members of his family would walk by him in the street , and have never spoken to him since . He also encountered sectarianism within Rangers , as one player remarked to him that youll be fucking happy now that weve signed one of your kind when it became known that Mo Johnston would sign for the club in 1989 . Spencer made his debut for Rangers in 1987 , winning the minor Glasgow Cup in his first season . In 1988 , he was loaned by then manager Graeme Souness to Morton , where he made four league appearances ( scoring once ) before returning to Ibrox . Spencer remained a fringe player at Rangers and after a further loan spell with Lai Sun of Hong Kong was sold in 1992 to Chelsea for a fee of £450,000 , having made 20 appearances in all competitions over five years . Chelsea . At Chelsea , Spencer enjoyed a consistent period of playing in his career . Between August 1992 and October 1996 he made 137 appearances and scored 43 goals in all competitions . He featured in the teams which lost 4–0 to Manchester United in the 1994 FA Cup Final and reached the semi-finals of the 1994–95 European Cup Winners Cup and the 1995–96 FA Cup . Queens Park Rangers . In November 1996 , recently appointed Chelsea manager Ruud Gullit sold Spencer for £2.5 million to Queens Park Rangers , then in the second tier of English football , the First Division . Spencer appeared 56 times and scored 25 goals , but QPR failed to gain promotion to the Premier League after Spencers initial season , and in his second flirted with relegation . Everton . In 1998 , he moved to Everton , initially on loan , but subsequently for a fee of £1.5 million . Reunited with Walter Smith , his former manager at Rangers , Spencers career at Everton quickly stalled , as he struggled to regain the performance levels required as a Premiership player . After only eight months and nine games he was loaned to Motherwell . Motherwell . In 1999 , Spencers move to Motherwell was made permanent , for a club-record fee of £500,000 . Spencers signing was seen as evidence of a raised level ambition at Fir Park . Scoring 21 times in 81 appearances spread over three seasons , Spencers time at Motherwell was tempered by a series of injuries . His final season , 2000–01 , saw three goals . As Motherwell sought to cut costs , Spencer was sold to Colorado Rapids on 21 February 2001 . Colorado Rapids . Spencer made an impressive MLS debut with the Rapids . In his first year , he started 22 games , and finished the year with 14 goals and seven assists , and was subsequently named to the MLS Best XI . Spencers second year was once more hampered by injuries , but he still finished with five goals and four assists in 13 games . He returned to form in 2003 , leading the team in scoring again with 14 goals and five assists , winning a place in the MLS Best XI , as well as ranking as a finalist for the MLS MVP Award . In 2004 , as injuries kept him out of several games , he finished the season with four goals and one assist in 19 starts . He retired after the season . On 30 August 2009 , Spencer was inducted into the Rapids Gallery of Honor at halftime of the Dynamos 1–0 loss to the Rapids International career . Having played three matches for the under-21s while at Rangers , Spencers prominence at Chelsea saw him gain the first of 14 caps for the Scotland national team in November 1994 , appearing as a substitute in a 1–1 draw with Russia at Hampden Park in Scotlands successful campaign to qualify for the 1996 European Championship . He played in all three matches at the finals , starting in the defeat to England and coming off the bench in the draw against the Netherlands and the win over Switzerland . As his club career fluctuated he also featured less on the international scene , making one appearance at the outset of the 1998 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign , and claiming his last cap in a friendly against Wales in May 1997 . Coaching career . Houston Dynamo . Upon retiring from his playing career , Spencer joined Houston Dynamo as an assistant coach on Dominic Kinnears staff . With Spencer on staff , the Dynamo won back-to-back MLS Cup championships in 2006 and 2007 . Spencer also served as the head coach for the Dynamo Reserves and led that squad to the 2008 MLS Reserve Division Championship . Portland Timbers . Appointed the first head coach in the Timbers MLS history on 10 Aug . 2010 , Spencer led the Timbers to a successful season in 2011 , finishing on the brink of a coveted MLS Cup playoff berth in what was his first season as a head coach and the clubs inaugural MLS season . Under Spencers guidance in 2011 , the Timbers opened their MLS era with a historic start , winning their first five MLS matches on their home field at Jeld-Wen Field . Portland became the first MLS expansion side to win the first five home matches of its inaugural season . The Timbers momentum at home continued throughout the season as the club finished among MLS leaders in goals scored at home ( 30 ) and home wins ( 9 ) . The Timbers success at home combined with energy of their passionate supporters group , the Timbers Army , gave Jeld-Wen Field the reputation of being one of the most intimidating venues for visiting teams in MLS . The clubs 11 wins in 2011 ranks tied for fourth with the 2006 Houston Dynamo among wins for MLS expansion franchises ( that Houston franchise being a relocated San Jose Earthquakes franchise ) . Known as a players coach , Spencer installed an attacking style of play and a blue-collar , hard-working mentality to the Timbers in his first season at the helm . Following a slow start for the Timbers in their second season , Spencer was relieved of his coaching duties for the Portland Timbers in July 2012 . Personal life . Spencer is brother-in-law to football manager Billy Davies , who also played for Rangers and Motherwell and managed Preston North End , Derby County and Nottingham Forest . His other brother-in-law John Davies was also a footballer , with Billy Davies signing both Johns to play under him during his time as Motherwell boss . His son Brad Spencer is a footballer who plays for Raith Rovers . Managerial record . - 1.Includes league , playoffs , cup and CONCACAF Champions League . - 2.Spencer was hired as the first coach of the Major League Soccer franchise ; not as the clubs USSF Division 2 Professional League coach . External links . - John Spencers WTFC.net player profile

hard

John Spencer (Scottish footballer) played for which team in Aug 1999?

/wiki/John_Spencer_(Scottish_footballer)#P54#4

John Spencer ( Scottish footballer ) John Spencer ( born 11 September 1970 ) is a Scottish former professional footballer and coach . As a player , he was a forward from 1988 until 2004 , notably in the English Premier League for Chelsea and Everton and the Scottish Premier League for Motherwell . He also played in his native country for Rangers and Morton , in Hong Kong for Lai Sun and in the English Football League with Queens Park Rangers . He finished his career in the United States with a three-year spell with the Colorado Rapids . He also earned 14 caps for Scotland . Since retiring from playing in 2004 , Spencer has remained in America , and was assistant coach of Houston Dynamo before becoming head coach of the Portland Timbers in 2011 until being relieved of his coaching position on 9 July 2012 . He returned to the Colorado Rapids as an assistant coach in 2016 , before joining the San Jose Earthquakes in a similar role for the 2017 season , until both he and head coach Dominic Kinnear were let go on 25 June 2017 . Early life . Spencer was born in Glasgow and raised in the citys Gorbals district . He initially attended John Bosco Secondary School locally , and was in the same school year as fellow professional footballer Paddy Connolly . He then changed to St Ninians High School in Giffnock . Club career . Rangers . Spencer started his career at Rangers , signing with the club as a schoolboy in 1982 and as a professional in 1985 . Future Scotland colleague Eoin Jess was a teammate at youth level . His signing , even as a 12-year-old schoolboy who had yet to play a competitive senior match proved problematic ; Spencer was Catholic and the club had a strong Protestant culture . His decision to sign for Rangers meant that he was regularly threatened and challenged to fights at the Catholic school he attended , while Celtic-supporting members of his family would walk by him in the street , and have never spoken to him since . He also encountered sectarianism within Rangers , as one player remarked to him that youll be fucking happy now that weve signed one of your kind when it became known that Mo Johnston would sign for the club in 1989 . Spencer made his debut for Rangers in 1987 , winning the minor Glasgow Cup in his first season . In 1988 , he was loaned by then manager Graeme Souness to Morton , where he made four league appearances ( scoring once ) before returning to Ibrox . Spencer remained a fringe player at Rangers and after a further loan spell with Lai Sun of Hong Kong was sold in 1992 to Chelsea for a fee of £450,000 , having made 20 appearances in all competitions over five years . Chelsea . At Chelsea , Spencer enjoyed a consistent period of playing in his career . Between August 1992 and October 1996 he made 137 appearances and scored 43 goals in all competitions . He featured in the teams which lost 4–0 to Manchester United in the 1994 FA Cup Final and reached the semi-finals of the 1994–95 European Cup Winners Cup and the 1995–96 FA Cup . Queens Park Rangers . In November 1996 , recently appointed Chelsea manager Ruud Gullit sold Spencer for £2.5 million to Queens Park Rangers , then in the second tier of English football , the First Division . Spencer appeared 56 times and scored 25 goals , but QPR failed to gain promotion to the Premier League after Spencers initial season , and in his second flirted with relegation . Everton . In 1998 , he moved to Everton , initially on loan , but subsequently for a fee of £1.5 million . Reunited with Walter Smith , his former manager at Rangers , Spencers career at Everton quickly stalled , as he struggled to regain the performance levels required as a Premiership player . After only eight months and nine games he was loaned to Motherwell . Motherwell . In 1999 , Spencers move to Motherwell was made permanent , for a club-record fee of £500,000 . Spencers signing was seen as evidence of a raised level ambition at Fir Park . Scoring 21 times in 81 appearances spread over three seasons , Spencers time at Motherwell was tempered by a series of injuries . His final season , 2000–01 , saw three goals . As Motherwell sought to cut costs , Spencer was sold to Colorado Rapids on 21 February 2001 . Colorado Rapids . Spencer made an impressive MLS debut with the Rapids . In his first year , he started 22 games , and finished the year with 14 goals and seven assists , and was subsequently named to the MLS Best XI . Spencers second year was once more hampered by injuries , but he still finished with five goals and four assists in 13 games . He returned to form in 2003 , leading the team in scoring again with 14 goals and five assists , winning a place in the MLS Best XI , as well as ranking as a finalist for the MLS MVP Award . In 2004 , as injuries kept him out of several games , he finished the season with four goals and one assist in 19 starts . He retired after the season . On 30 August 2009 , Spencer was inducted into the Rapids Gallery of Honor at halftime of the Dynamos 1–0 loss to the Rapids International career . Having played three matches for the under-21s while at Rangers , Spencers prominence at Chelsea saw him gain the first of 14 caps for the Scotland national team in November 1994 , appearing as a substitute in a 1–1 draw with Russia at Hampden Park in Scotlands successful campaign to qualify for the 1996 European Championship . He played in all three matches at the finals , starting in the defeat to England and coming off the bench in the draw against the Netherlands and the win over Switzerland . As his club career fluctuated he also featured less on the international scene , making one appearance at the outset of the 1998 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign , and claiming his last cap in a friendly against Wales in May 1997 . Coaching career . Houston Dynamo . Upon retiring from his playing career , Spencer joined Houston Dynamo as an assistant coach on Dominic Kinnears staff . With Spencer on staff , the Dynamo won back-to-back MLS Cup championships in 2006 and 2007 . Spencer also served as the head coach for the Dynamo Reserves and led that squad to the 2008 MLS Reserve Division Championship . Portland Timbers . Appointed the first head coach in the Timbers MLS history on 10 Aug . 2010 , Spencer led the Timbers to a successful season in 2011 , finishing on the brink of a coveted MLS Cup playoff berth in what was his first season as a head coach and the clubs inaugural MLS season . Under Spencers guidance in 2011 , the Timbers opened their MLS era with a historic start , winning their first five MLS matches on their home field at Jeld-Wen Field . Portland became the first MLS expansion side to win the first five home matches of its inaugural season . The Timbers momentum at home continued throughout the season as the club finished among MLS leaders in goals scored at home ( 30 ) and home wins ( 9 ) . The Timbers success at home combined with energy of their passionate supporters group , the Timbers Army , gave Jeld-Wen Field the reputation of being one of the most intimidating venues for visiting teams in MLS . The clubs 11 wins in 2011 ranks tied for fourth with the 2006 Houston Dynamo among wins for MLS expansion franchises ( that Houston franchise being a relocated San Jose Earthquakes franchise ) . Known as a players coach , Spencer installed an attacking style of play and a blue-collar , hard-working mentality to the Timbers in his first season at the helm . Following a slow start for the Timbers in their second season , Spencer was relieved of his coaching duties for the Portland Timbers in July 2012 . Personal life . Spencer is brother-in-law to football manager Billy Davies , who also played for Rangers and Motherwell and managed Preston North End , Derby County and Nottingham Forest . His other brother-in-law John Davies was also a footballer , with Billy Davies signing both Johns to play under him during his time as Motherwell boss . His son Brad Spencer is a footballer who plays for Raith Rovers . Managerial record . - 1.Includes league , playoffs , cup and CONCACAF Champions League . - 2.Spencer was hired as the first coach of the Major League Soccer franchise ; not as the clubs USSF Division 2 Professional League coach . External links . - John Spencers WTFC.net player profile

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What was the name of the employer Dino Meneghin work for between Mar 1995 and Oct 1995?

/wiki/Dino_Meneghin#P108#0

Dino Meneghin Dino Meneghin ( , ; born January 18 , 1950 ) is an Italian former professional basketball player . He is widely considered to be the best Italian player ever , as well as one of Europes all-time greats . A 2.06 m ( 6 ft 9 in ) tall center , Meneghin was born in Alano di Piave , Veneto ( northeast Italy ) . On November 20 , 1966 , when he was 16 years old , he played in his first game in the Italian League , with Ignis Varese . He played the last game of his career at the age of 45 . In 2003 , Meneghin became a Basketball Hall of Fame player and in 2010 , he became a FIBA Hall of Fame player . Professional career . In total , Meneghin played in 836 games and scored 8,560 points in the Italian League championship . Meneghin became the second player from a European league to be drafted by an NBA team , when the Atlanta Hawks manager Marty Blake selected him with a late-round pick in the 1970 NBA draft . He never played in the USA , however . In 1980 and 1983 , he was elected European Player of the Year : Mr . Europa , and he also won the Euroscar European Player of the Year award in 1983 . In 1991 , he was named the greatest FIBA European Champions Cup ( EuroLeague ) basketball player of all time , by the Italian basketball magazine Giganti del Basket . One of the greatest records of his career is his number of Finals appearances in the FIBA European Champions Cup ( EuroLeague ) . He played in 10 consecutive finals with Pallacanestro Varese , winning 5 ; and later in 2 more consecutive finals with Olimpia Milano , winning both . Finally , before his playing career ended , Meneghin played in the Italian League against his son , Andrea , who was also a great international player . On 28th of October 2019 , 25 years after he last played professionally , Olimpia Milano retired the number 11 in honor of Meneghin . The number 11 matched the number of seasons that he had played with the Italian club . National team career . With the senior Italian national basketball team , Meneghin played in 271 games , and totaled 2,847 points scored . With Italy , he won the bronze medal at both the 1971 EuroBasket and the 1975 EuroBasket . He also won the silver medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics , and the gold medal at the 1983 EuroBasket . Post-playing career . On September 5 , 2003 , Meneghin became the second Italian player to enter into the Basketball Hall of Fame , after Cesare Rubini , who served Olimpia Milano , both as player and coach between the 1940s and the 1970s . After his playing career ended , Meneghin has since worked for the Italian Basketball Federation and for Olimpia Milano . Personal life . Dino Meneghin is the father of Andrea Meneghin , who also played professional basketball . Andrea played against his father , during the latters last season as a pro . Honours and awards . Clubs . - 4× FIBA World Cup for Clubs champion : ( 1967 , 1970 , 1973 , 1987 ) - 7× FIBA European Champions Cup ( EuroLeague ) champion : ( 1970 , 1972 , 1973 , 1975 , 1976 , 1987 , 1988 ) - 2× FIBA European Cup Winners Cup ( Saporta Cup ) champion : ( 1967 , 1980 ) - FIBA Korać Cup champion : ( 1985 ) - 12× Italian League champion : ( 1969–1971 , 1973 , 1974 , 1977 , 1978 , 1982 , 1985 , 1986 , 1987 , 1989 ) - 6× Italian Cup winner : ( 1969 , 1970 , 1971 , 1973 , 1986 , 1987 ) Italian senior national team . - EuroBasket 1971 : - EuroBasket 1975 : - 1980 Summer Olympic Games : - EuroBasket 1983 : Individual . - EuroLeague Finals Top Scorer : ( 1974 ) - FIBA European Selection : ( 1975 ) - 2× Mister Europa European Player of the Year : 1980 , 1983 - Euroscar European Player of the Year : 1983 - FIBAs 50 Greatest Players : 1991 - Italian Basketball Hall of Fame : 2006 - 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors : 2008 - FIBA Hall of Fame : 2010 - Number 11 jersey retired by retired by Olimpia Milano : 2019 External links . - Italian League Profile - Euroleague.net 50 Greatest Contributors - Fibaeurope.com Profile - Dino Meneghin Player Profile ( InterBasket )

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What was the name of the employer Dino Meneghin work for between May 2012 and Jul 2012?

/wiki/Dino_Meneghin#P108#1

Dino Meneghin Dino Meneghin ( , ; born January 18 , 1950 ) is an Italian former professional basketball player . He is widely considered to be the best Italian player ever , as well as one of Europes all-time greats . A 2.06 m ( 6 ft 9 in ) tall center , Meneghin was born in Alano di Piave , Veneto ( northeast Italy ) . On November 20 , 1966 , when he was 16 years old , he played in his first game in the Italian League , with Ignis Varese . He played the last game of his career at the age of 45 . In 2003 , Meneghin became a Basketball Hall of Fame player and in 2010 , he became a FIBA Hall of Fame player . Professional career . In total , Meneghin played in 836 games and scored 8,560 points in the Italian League championship . Meneghin became the second player from a European league to be drafted by an NBA team , when the Atlanta Hawks manager Marty Blake selected him with a late-round pick in the 1970 NBA draft . He never played in the USA , however . In 1980 and 1983 , he was elected European Player of the Year : Mr . Europa , and he also won the Euroscar European Player of the Year award in 1983 . In 1991 , he was named the greatest FIBA European Champions Cup ( EuroLeague ) basketball player of all time , by the Italian basketball magazine Giganti del Basket . One of the greatest records of his career is his number of Finals appearances in the FIBA European Champions Cup ( EuroLeague ) . He played in 10 consecutive finals with Pallacanestro Varese , winning 5 ; and later in 2 more consecutive finals with Olimpia Milano , winning both . Finally , before his playing career ended , Meneghin played in the Italian League against his son , Andrea , who was also a great international player . On 28th of October 2019 , 25 years after he last played professionally , Olimpia Milano retired the number 11 in honor of Meneghin . The number 11 matched the number of seasons that he had played with the Italian club . National team career . With the senior Italian national basketball team , Meneghin played in 271 games , and totaled 2,847 points scored . With Italy , he won the bronze medal at both the 1971 EuroBasket and the 1975 EuroBasket . He also won the silver medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics , and the gold medal at the 1983 EuroBasket . Post-playing career . On September 5 , 2003 , Meneghin became the second Italian player to enter into the Basketball Hall of Fame , after Cesare Rubini , who served Olimpia Milano , both as player and coach between the 1940s and the 1970s . After his playing career ended , Meneghin has since worked for the Italian Basketball Federation and for Olimpia Milano . Personal life . Dino Meneghin is the father of Andrea Meneghin , who also played professional basketball . Andrea played against his father , during the latters last season as a pro . Honours and awards . Clubs . - 4× FIBA World Cup for Clubs champion : ( 1967 , 1970 , 1973 , 1987 ) - 7× FIBA European Champions Cup ( EuroLeague ) champion : ( 1970 , 1972 , 1973 , 1975 , 1976 , 1987 , 1988 ) - 2× FIBA European Cup Winners Cup ( Saporta Cup ) champion : ( 1967 , 1980 ) - FIBA Korać Cup champion : ( 1985 ) - 12× Italian League champion : ( 1969–1971 , 1973 , 1974 , 1977 , 1978 , 1982 , 1985 , 1986 , 1987 , 1989 ) - 6× Italian Cup winner : ( 1969 , 1970 , 1971 , 1973 , 1986 , 1987 ) Italian senior national team . - EuroBasket 1971 : - EuroBasket 1975 : - 1980 Summer Olympic Games : - EuroBasket 1983 : Individual . - EuroLeague Finals Top Scorer : ( 1974 ) - FIBA European Selection : ( 1975 ) - 2× Mister Europa European Player of the Year : 1980 , 1983 - Euroscar European Player of the Year : 1983 - FIBAs 50 Greatest Players : 1991 - Italian Basketball Hall of Fame : 2006 - 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors : 2008 - FIBA Hall of Fame : 2010 - Number 11 jersey retired by retired by Olimpia Milano : 2019 External links . - Italian League Profile - Euroleague.net 50 Greatest Contributors - Fibaeurope.com Profile - Dino Meneghin Player Profile ( InterBasket )

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What was the name of the employer Dino Meneghin work for after May 2013?

/wiki/Dino_Meneghin#P108#2

Dino Meneghin Dino Meneghin ( , ; born January 18 , 1950 ) is an Italian former professional basketball player . He is widely considered to be the best Italian player ever , as well as one of Europes all-time greats . A 2.06 m ( 6 ft 9 in ) tall center , Meneghin was born in Alano di Piave , Veneto ( northeast Italy ) . On November 20 , 1966 , when he was 16 years old , he played in his first game in the Italian League , with Ignis Varese . He played the last game of his career at the age of 45 . In 2003 , Meneghin became a Basketball Hall of Fame player and in 2010 , he became a FIBA Hall of Fame player . Professional career . In total , Meneghin played in 836 games and scored 8,560 points in the Italian League championship . Meneghin became the second player from a European league to be drafted by an NBA team , when the Atlanta Hawks manager Marty Blake selected him with a late-round pick in the 1970 NBA draft . He never played in the USA , however . In 1980 and 1983 , he was elected European Player of the Year : Mr . Europa , and he also won the Euroscar European Player of the Year award in 1983 . In 1991 , he was named the greatest FIBA European Champions Cup ( EuroLeague ) basketball player of all time , by the Italian basketball magazine Giganti del Basket . One of the greatest records of his career is his number of Finals appearances in the FIBA European Champions Cup ( EuroLeague ) . He played in 10 consecutive finals with Pallacanestro Varese , winning 5 ; and later in 2 more consecutive finals with Olimpia Milano , winning both . Finally , before his playing career ended , Meneghin played in the Italian League against his son , Andrea , who was also a great international player . On 28th of October 2019 , 25 years after he last played professionally , Olimpia Milano retired the number 11 in honor of Meneghin . The number 11 matched the number of seasons that he had played with the Italian club . National team career . With the senior Italian national basketball team , Meneghin played in 271 games , and totaled 2,847 points scored . With Italy , he won the bronze medal at both the 1971 EuroBasket and the 1975 EuroBasket . He also won the silver medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics , and the gold medal at the 1983 EuroBasket . Post-playing career . On September 5 , 2003 , Meneghin became the second Italian player to enter into the Basketball Hall of Fame , after Cesare Rubini , who served Olimpia Milano , both as player and coach between the 1940s and the 1970s . After his playing career ended , Meneghin has since worked for the Italian Basketball Federation and for Olimpia Milano . Personal life . Dino Meneghin is the father of Andrea Meneghin , who also played professional basketball . Andrea played against his father , during the latters last season as a pro . Honours and awards . Clubs . - 4× FIBA World Cup for Clubs champion : ( 1967 , 1970 , 1973 , 1987 ) - 7× FIBA European Champions Cup ( EuroLeague ) champion : ( 1970 , 1972 , 1973 , 1975 , 1976 , 1987 , 1988 ) - 2× FIBA European Cup Winners Cup ( Saporta Cup ) champion : ( 1967 , 1980 ) - FIBA Korać Cup champion : ( 1985 ) - 12× Italian League champion : ( 1969–1971 , 1973 , 1974 , 1977 , 1978 , 1982 , 1985 , 1986 , 1987 , 1989 ) - 6× Italian Cup winner : ( 1969 , 1970 , 1971 , 1973 , 1986 , 1987 ) Italian senior national team . - EuroBasket 1971 : - EuroBasket 1975 : - 1980 Summer Olympic Games : - EuroBasket 1983 : Individual . - EuroLeague Finals Top Scorer : ( 1974 ) - FIBA European Selection : ( 1975 ) - 2× Mister Europa European Player of the Year : 1980 , 1983 - Euroscar European Player of the Year : 1983 - FIBAs 50 Greatest Players : 1991 - Italian Basketball Hall of Fame : 2006 - 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors : 2008 - FIBA Hall of Fame : 2010 - Number 11 jersey retired by retired by Olimpia Milano : 2019 External links . - Italian League Profile - Euroleague.net 50 Greatest Contributors - Fibaeurope.com Profile - Dino Meneghin Player Profile ( InterBasket )

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What position did Rita Süssmuth take between Apr 1986 and Nov 1986?

/wiki/Rita_Süssmuth#P39#0

Rita Süssmuth Rita Süssmuth ( née Kickuth ; ; born 17 February 1937 ) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ) . She served as the 10th President of the Bundestag . From 1985 to 1988 , she served as Federal Minister for Youth , Family and Health ( from 1986 youth , family , women and health ) and from 1988 to 1998 as President of the German Bundestag . With close to 10 years , her tenure was the third longest in the history of the Bundestag . Only Eugen Gerstenmaier and Norbert Lammert held the position longer . In addition to her political work , Süssmuth was involved in many civil society projects , for example as President of the European Movement Germany ( 1994-1998 ) and member of the Advisory Board and Board of Trustees of the non-profit Bertelsmann Foundation ( 1997-2007 ) . Süssmuth has received various honours for her services . Early life and education . Süssmuth was born and spent her childhood in Wadersloh . After graduating from high school ( Emsland-Gymnasium ) in Rheine in 1956 , she completed a degree in Romance studies and history in Münster , Tübingen and Paris , which she finished on 20 July 1961 with the first state examination ( Staatsexamen ) for teaching . This was followed by postgraduate studies in educational science , sociology and psychology . In 1964 , she then received her Ph.D . phil . at the University of Münster . Her dissertation was titled Studies on the Anthropology of the Child in contemporary French literature ( Studien zur Anthropologie des Kindes in der französischen Literatur der Gegenwart ) . Süssmuth graduated as a Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Münster in 1964 . From 1966 until 1982 , she was a faculty member in education at University of Dortmund , Ruhr University , and their predecessor institutions . Career . Early career . From 1963 to 1966 , Süssmuth worked as a scientific assistant at the universities of Stuttgart and Osnabrück and from 1966 as a lecturer at the Pädagogische Hochschule Ruhr . From 1969 to 1982 , she had a teaching assignment at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum for International Comparative Education . In 1971 , Süssmuth was appointed professor of Educational Science at the Pädagogische Hochschule Ruhr . In 1973 , she accepted the call of the University of Dortmund . In 1971 , she also began working on the scientific advisory board of the Federal Ministry of Family Affairs . From 1982 to 1985 , Süssmuth was the director of the Institut Frau und Gesellschaft in Hanover . During her time as an active politician , she gave block seminars at the University of Göttingen . Political career . From 1985 to 1988 , Süssmuth was Federal Minister of Family Affairs , Senior Citizens , Women and Youth under Chancellor Helmut Kohl . In late 1989 , she joined forces with Lothar Späth , Heiner Geißler , Kurt Biedenkopf and others in an unsuccessful effort to oust Kohl as CDU chairman . Süssmuth was a member of the German Bundestag from 1987 to 2002 . In the federal elections in 1987 , 1990 and 1994 she won the direct mandate in the constituency of Göttingen and in 1998 , she moved into parliament via the state list of the CDU Lower Saxony . After the resignation of Philipp Jenninger in 1988 Süssmuth became the 10th President of the Bundestag . She held the post until 1998 , when the SPD became the strongest group in parliament . Her tenure saw the German reunification . In December 1989 , Süssmuth advocated a joint declaration by both German states on the recognition of the Polish western border . From 1986 to 2001 , Süssmuth served as president of the ( the organization of the female members of the CDU ) and therefore had a strong influence in her party . Political positions . Süssmuth is a supporter of the Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly , an organisation which advocates for democratic reformation of the United Nations . Ahead of the Christian Democrats’ leadership election in 2021 , Süssmuth publicly endorsed Armin Laschet to succeed Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer as the party’s chair . Life after politics . In September 2000 , Federal Minister of the Interior Otto Schily appointed Süssmuth as head of a high-profile bipartisan commission to overhaul Germanys immigration policies . The commissions task was to develop an overall concept for new immigration legislature . The results of the committee were presented in July 2001 , in the form of a 323-paged report titled Crafting Immigration - Promoting Integration ( Zuwanderung gestalten - Integration fördern ) . In 2002 , Süssmuth became a member of the , which acts as a mediator in questions of Nazi looted art . On 6 September 2005 Süssmuth was appointed as the new President of the state-approved Berlin OTA Private University ( OTA Hochschule ) , today SRH Hochschule Berlin . She was succeeded by in January 2010 . After leaving politics , Süssmuth has als been involved in a number of philanthropic and business activities , including the following : - UNAIDS High Level Commission on HIV Prevention , Co-Chair ( since 2010 ) - Technical University of Berlin , Chairwoman of the Board of Trustees ( since 2010 ) - European Policy Centre ( EPC ) , Member of the Strategic Council - Global Commission on International Migration , Member ( 2003–2005 ) - Migration Policy Institute ( MPI ) , Member of the Board of Trustees - Heinz Galinski Foundation , Member of the Board of Trustees - Deutsche Initiative für den Nahen Osten ( DINO ) , Member of the Board of Trustees - Gegen Vergessen – Für Demokratie , Chairwoman of the Advisory Board - Genshagener Kreis , Member of the Board of Trustees - German Foundation for World Population ( DSW ) , Member of the Advisory Board - Til Schweiger Foundation , Member of the Advisory Board - Total E-Quality initiative , Member of the Board of Trustees - United Nations Association of Germany ( DGVN ) , Member of the Presidium - Bertelsmann Foundation , Member of the Board of Trustees ( 1997–2015 ) - EnBW , Member of the Advisory Board ( 2004–2009 ) - German Council on Foreign Relations ( DGAP ) , Honorary Member Süssmuth is also Member of the European Council on Tolerance and Reconciliation established in 2008 to monitor tolerance in Europe and prepare recommendations to European governments and IGOs on fighting xenophobia and anti-semitism . In 2018 Süssmuth was awarded the Mercator Visiting Professorship for Political Management at the Universität Essen-Duisburgs NRW School of Governance . Awards and recognitions . - 1988 – Selected as 1987 by - 1988 – - 1989 – - 1990 – Großkreuz des Verdienstordens der Bundesrepublik Deutschland - 1997 – Avicenna-Gold-Medaille der - 1997 – - 2004 – Kompassnadel des Schwulen Netzwerks NRW ( für ihren Einsatz für die AIDS-Prävention bes . im Schwulen Bereich ) - 2006 – Magnus Hirschfeld Medal for Sexual Reform ( 2006 ) - 2007 – ( zusammen mit ) - 2007 – - 2007 – , Ehrung des Verbandes Deutscher Vermessungsingenieure - 2007 – ( 2007 ) for her great commitment to the fight against AIDS - 2008 – der Frankfurt ( Oder ) - 2010 – Ehrensiegel der Gemeinde - 2011 – Verdienstorden des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen - 2012 – für Verdienste um die deutsch-französisch-polnische Zusammenarbeit ( ) - 2013 – - 2014 – - 2015 – - 2015 – - 2016 – Ehrenmitgliedschaft der - 2016 – Verdienstorden des Landes Brandenburg - 2016 – Dorothea-Schlözer-Medaille der - 2018 – - 2019 – Ehrensenatorin der - 2019 – Ehrenmitgliedschaft der Honorary doctorate degrees . - 1988 – Hochschule - 1990 – Ruhr-Universität - 1994 – Universität , - 1995 – Universität , - 1996 – , - 1998 – , - 1998 – , - 2002 – - 2018 – , Personal life . Since 1964 , Süssmuth is married to university professor . They have one daughter . Bibliography . - 1964 Studien zur Anthropologie des Kindes in der französischen Literatur der Gegenwart unter besonderer Berücksichtigung François Mauriacs ( ) - 1980 Zur Anthropologie des Kindes . Untersuchungen und Interpretationen - 1985 Frauen – der Resignation keine Chance - 1987 Aids : Wege aus der Angst - 1987 Frauenlexikon : Traditionen , Fakten , Perspektiven zusammen mit und - 1989 Co-Autorin - 1992 Die planlosen Eliten zusammen mit ( SPD ) und ( Botschafter ) - 1997 Eine deutsche Zwischenbilanz : Standpunkte zum Umgang mit unserer Vergangenheit - 2000 Wer nicht kämpft hat schon verloren - 2006 Migration und Integration : Testfall für unsere Gesellschaft - 2007 Dennoch : Der Mensch geht vor . Für eine Umkehr in Politik und Gesellschaft - 2007 Bildung als globale Herausforderung . Zwei Statements – ein Gespräch with Hermann Glaser , in : Robertson-von Trotha , Caroline Y . ( ed. ) : Kultur und Gerechtigkeit ( = Kulturwissenschaft interdisziplinär/Interdisciplinary Studies on Culture and Society , Vol . 2 ) , Baden-Baden 2007 , - 2015 Das Gift des Politischen . Gedanken und Erinnerungen . Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag , München ( Rezension in der ) Sources . - Michael F . Feldkamp ( ed. ) , Der Bundestagspräsident . Amt – Funktion – Person . 16 . Wahlperiode , München 2007 , External links . - Official biography at Bundestag.de ( German , from 2002 ) - Interview Education is a human right by ERSTE Stiftung ( 2011 )

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What position did Rita Süssmuth take in Dec 1987?

/wiki/Rita_Süssmuth#P39#1

Rita Süssmuth Rita Süssmuth ( née Kickuth ; ; born 17 February 1937 ) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ) . She served as the 10th President of the Bundestag . From 1985 to 1988 , she served as Federal Minister for Youth , Family and Health ( from 1986 youth , family , women and health ) and from 1988 to 1998 as President of the German Bundestag . With close to 10 years , her tenure was the third longest in the history of the Bundestag . Only Eugen Gerstenmaier and Norbert Lammert held the position longer . In addition to her political work , Süssmuth was involved in many civil society projects , for example as President of the European Movement Germany ( 1994-1998 ) and member of the Advisory Board and Board of Trustees of the non-profit Bertelsmann Foundation ( 1997-2007 ) . Süssmuth has received various honours for her services . Early life and education . Süssmuth was born and spent her childhood in Wadersloh . After graduating from high school ( Emsland-Gymnasium ) in Rheine in 1956 , she completed a degree in Romance studies and history in Münster , Tübingen and Paris , which she finished on 20 July 1961 with the first state examination ( Staatsexamen ) for teaching . This was followed by postgraduate studies in educational science , sociology and psychology . In 1964 , she then received her Ph.D . phil . at the University of Münster . Her dissertation was titled Studies on the Anthropology of the Child in contemporary French literature ( Studien zur Anthropologie des Kindes in der französischen Literatur der Gegenwart ) . Süssmuth graduated as a Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Münster in 1964 . From 1966 until 1982 , she was a faculty member in education at University of Dortmund , Ruhr University , and their predecessor institutions . Career . Early career . From 1963 to 1966 , Süssmuth worked as a scientific assistant at the universities of Stuttgart and Osnabrück and from 1966 as a lecturer at the Pädagogische Hochschule Ruhr . From 1969 to 1982 , she had a teaching assignment at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum for International Comparative Education . In 1971 , Süssmuth was appointed professor of Educational Science at the Pädagogische Hochschule Ruhr . In 1973 , she accepted the call of the University of Dortmund . In 1971 , she also began working on the scientific advisory board of the Federal Ministry of Family Affairs . From 1982 to 1985 , Süssmuth was the director of the Institut Frau und Gesellschaft in Hanover . During her time as an active politician , she gave block seminars at the University of Göttingen . Political career . From 1985 to 1988 , Süssmuth was Federal Minister of Family Affairs , Senior Citizens , Women and Youth under Chancellor Helmut Kohl . In late 1989 , she joined forces with Lothar Späth , Heiner Geißler , Kurt Biedenkopf and others in an unsuccessful effort to oust Kohl as CDU chairman . Süssmuth was a member of the German Bundestag from 1987 to 2002 . In the federal elections in 1987 , 1990 and 1994 she won the direct mandate in the constituency of Göttingen and in 1998 , she moved into parliament via the state list of the CDU Lower Saxony . After the resignation of Philipp Jenninger in 1988 Süssmuth became the 10th President of the Bundestag . She held the post until 1998 , when the SPD became the strongest group in parliament . Her tenure saw the German reunification . In December 1989 , Süssmuth advocated a joint declaration by both German states on the recognition of the Polish western border . From 1986 to 2001 , Süssmuth served as president of the ( the organization of the female members of the CDU ) and therefore had a strong influence in her party . Political positions . Süssmuth is a supporter of the Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly , an organisation which advocates for democratic reformation of the United Nations . Ahead of the Christian Democrats’ leadership election in 2021 , Süssmuth publicly endorsed Armin Laschet to succeed Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer as the party’s chair . Life after politics . In September 2000 , Federal Minister of the Interior Otto Schily appointed Süssmuth as head of a high-profile bipartisan commission to overhaul Germanys immigration policies . The commissions task was to develop an overall concept for new immigration legislature . The results of the committee were presented in July 2001 , in the form of a 323-paged report titled Crafting Immigration - Promoting Integration ( Zuwanderung gestalten - Integration fördern ) . In 2002 , Süssmuth became a member of the , which acts as a mediator in questions of Nazi looted art . On 6 September 2005 Süssmuth was appointed as the new President of the state-approved Berlin OTA Private University ( OTA Hochschule ) , today SRH Hochschule Berlin . She was succeeded by in January 2010 . After leaving politics , Süssmuth has als been involved in a number of philanthropic and business activities , including the following : - UNAIDS High Level Commission on HIV Prevention , Co-Chair ( since 2010 ) - Technical University of Berlin , Chairwoman of the Board of Trustees ( since 2010 ) - European Policy Centre ( EPC ) , Member of the Strategic Council - Global Commission on International Migration , Member ( 2003–2005 ) - Migration Policy Institute ( MPI ) , Member of the Board of Trustees - Heinz Galinski Foundation , Member of the Board of Trustees - Deutsche Initiative für den Nahen Osten ( DINO ) , Member of the Board of Trustees - Gegen Vergessen – Für Demokratie , Chairwoman of the Advisory Board - Genshagener Kreis , Member of the Board of Trustees - German Foundation for World Population ( DSW ) , Member of the Advisory Board - Til Schweiger Foundation , Member of the Advisory Board - Total E-Quality initiative , Member of the Board of Trustees - United Nations Association of Germany ( DGVN ) , Member of the Presidium - Bertelsmann Foundation , Member of the Board of Trustees ( 1997–2015 ) - EnBW , Member of the Advisory Board ( 2004–2009 ) - German Council on Foreign Relations ( DGAP ) , Honorary Member Süssmuth is also Member of the European Council on Tolerance and Reconciliation established in 2008 to monitor tolerance in Europe and prepare recommendations to European governments and IGOs on fighting xenophobia and anti-semitism . In 2018 Süssmuth was awarded the Mercator Visiting Professorship for Political Management at the Universität Essen-Duisburgs NRW School of Governance . Awards and recognitions . - 1988 – Selected as 1987 by - 1988 – - 1989 – - 1990 – Großkreuz des Verdienstordens der Bundesrepublik Deutschland - 1997 – Avicenna-Gold-Medaille der - 1997 – - 2004 – Kompassnadel des Schwulen Netzwerks NRW ( für ihren Einsatz für die AIDS-Prävention bes . im Schwulen Bereich ) - 2006 – Magnus Hirschfeld Medal for Sexual Reform ( 2006 ) - 2007 – ( zusammen mit ) - 2007 – - 2007 – , Ehrung des Verbandes Deutscher Vermessungsingenieure - 2007 – ( 2007 ) for her great commitment to the fight against AIDS - 2008 – der Frankfurt ( Oder ) - 2010 – Ehrensiegel der Gemeinde - 2011 – Verdienstorden des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen - 2012 – für Verdienste um die deutsch-französisch-polnische Zusammenarbeit ( ) - 2013 – - 2014 – - 2015 – - 2015 – - 2016 – Ehrenmitgliedschaft der - 2016 – Verdienstorden des Landes Brandenburg - 2016 – Dorothea-Schlözer-Medaille der - 2018 – - 2019 – Ehrensenatorin der - 2019 – Ehrenmitgliedschaft der Honorary doctorate degrees . - 1988 – Hochschule - 1990 – Ruhr-Universität - 1994 – Universität , - 1995 – Universität , - 1996 – , - 1998 – , - 1998 – , - 2002 – - 2018 – , Personal life . Since 1964 , Süssmuth is married to university professor . They have one daughter . Bibliography . - 1964 Studien zur Anthropologie des Kindes in der französischen Literatur der Gegenwart unter besonderer Berücksichtigung François Mauriacs ( ) - 1980 Zur Anthropologie des Kindes . Untersuchungen und Interpretationen - 1985 Frauen – der Resignation keine Chance - 1987 Aids : Wege aus der Angst - 1987 Frauenlexikon : Traditionen , Fakten , Perspektiven zusammen mit und - 1989 Co-Autorin - 1992 Die planlosen Eliten zusammen mit ( SPD ) und ( Botschafter ) - 1997 Eine deutsche Zwischenbilanz : Standpunkte zum Umgang mit unserer Vergangenheit - 2000 Wer nicht kämpft hat schon verloren - 2006 Migration und Integration : Testfall für unsere Gesellschaft - 2007 Dennoch : Der Mensch geht vor . Für eine Umkehr in Politik und Gesellschaft - 2007 Bildung als globale Herausforderung . Zwei Statements – ein Gespräch with Hermann Glaser , in : Robertson-von Trotha , Caroline Y . ( ed. ) : Kultur und Gerechtigkeit ( = Kulturwissenschaft interdisziplinär/Interdisciplinary Studies on Culture and Society , Vol . 2 ) , Baden-Baden 2007 , - 2015 Das Gift des Politischen . Gedanken und Erinnerungen . Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag , München ( Rezension in der ) Sources . - Michael F . Feldkamp ( ed. ) , Der Bundestagspräsident . Amt – Funktion – Person . 16 . Wahlperiode , München 2007 , External links . - Official biography at Bundestag.de ( German , from 2002 ) - Interview Education is a human right by ERSTE Stiftung ( 2011 )

hard

What position did Rita Süssmuth take in early 1990s?

/wiki/Rita_Süssmuth#P39#2

Rita Süssmuth Rita Süssmuth ( née Kickuth ; ; born 17 February 1937 ) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ) . She served as the 10th President of the Bundestag . From 1985 to 1988 , she served as Federal Minister for Youth , Family and Health ( from 1986 youth , family , women and health ) and from 1988 to 1998 as President of the German Bundestag . With close to 10 years , her tenure was the third longest in the history of the Bundestag . Only Eugen Gerstenmaier and Norbert Lammert held the position longer . In addition to her political work , Süssmuth was involved in many civil society projects , for example as President of the European Movement Germany ( 1994-1998 ) and member of the Advisory Board and Board of Trustees of the non-profit Bertelsmann Foundation ( 1997-2007 ) . Süssmuth has received various honours for her services . Early life and education . Süssmuth was born and spent her childhood in Wadersloh . After graduating from high school ( Emsland-Gymnasium ) in Rheine in 1956 , she completed a degree in Romance studies and history in Münster , Tübingen and Paris , which she finished on 20 July 1961 with the first state examination ( Staatsexamen ) for teaching . This was followed by postgraduate studies in educational science , sociology and psychology . In 1964 , she then received her Ph.D . phil . at the University of Münster . Her dissertation was titled Studies on the Anthropology of the Child in contemporary French literature ( Studien zur Anthropologie des Kindes in der französischen Literatur der Gegenwart ) . Süssmuth graduated as a Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Münster in 1964 . From 1966 until 1982 , she was a faculty member in education at University of Dortmund , Ruhr University , and their predecessor institutions . Career . Early career . From 1963 to 1966 , Süssmuth worked as a scientific assistant at the universities of Stuttgart and Osnabrück and from 1966 as a lecturer at the Pädagogische Hochschule Ruhr . From 1969 to 1982 , she had a teaching assignment at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum for International Comparative Education . In 1971 , Süssmuth was appointed professor of Educational Science at the Pädagogische Hochschule Ruhr . In 1973 , she accepted the call of the University of Dortmund . In 1971 , she also began working on the scientific advisory board of the Federal Ministry of Family Affairs . From 1982 to 1985 , Süssmuth was the director of the Institut Frau und Gesellschaft in Hanover . During her time as an active politician , she gave block seminars at the University of Göttingen . Political career . From 1985 to 1988 , Süssmuth was Federal Minister of Family Affairs , Senior Citizens , Women and Youth under Chancellor Helmut Kohl . In late 1989 , she joined forces with Lothar Späth , Heiner Geißler , Kurt Biedenkopf and others in an unsuccessful effort to oust Kohl as CDU chairman . Süssmuth was a member of the German Bundestag from 1987 to 2002 . In the federal elections in 1987 , 1990 and 1994 she won the direct mandate in the constituency of Göttingen and in 1998 , she moved into parliament via the state list of the CDU Lower Saxony . After the resignation of Philipp Jenninger in 1988 Süssmuth became the 10th President of the Bundestag . She held the post until 1998 , when the SPD became the strongest group in parliament . Her tenure saw the German reunification . In December 1989 , Süssmuth advocated a joint declaration by both German states on the recognition of the Polish western border . From 1986 to 2001 , Süssmuth served as president of the ( the organization of the female members of the CDU ) and therefore had a strong influence in her party . Political positions . Süssmuth is a supporter of the Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly , an organisation which advocates for democratic reformation of the United Nations . Ahead of the Christian Democrats’ leadership election in 2021 , Süssmuth publicly endorsed Armin Laschet to succeed Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer as the party’s chair . Life after politics . In September 2000 , Federal Minister of the Interior Otto Schily appointed Süssmuth as head of a high-profile bipartisan commission to overhaul Germanys immigration policies . The commissions task was to develop an overall concept for new immigration legislature . The results of the committee were presented in July 2001 , in the form of a 323-paged report titled Crafting Immigration - Promoting Integration ( Zuwanderung gestalten - Integration fördern ) . In 2002 , Süssmuth became a member of the , which acts as a mediator in questions of Nazi looted art . On 6 September 2005 Süssmuth was appointed as the new President of the state-approved Berlin OTA Private University ( OTA Hochschule ) , today SRH Hochschule Berlin . She was succeeded by in January 2010 . After leaving politics , Süssmuth has als been involved in a number of philanthropic and business activities , including the following : - UNAIDS High Level Commission on HIV Prevention , Co-Chair ( since 2010 ) - Technical University of Berlin , Chairwoman of the Board of Trustees ( since 2010 ) - European Policy Centre ( EPC ) , Member of the Strategic Council - Global Commission on International Migration , Member ( 2003–2005 ) - Migration Policy Institute ( MPI ) , Member of the Board of Trustees - Heinz Galinski Foundation , Member of the Board of Trustees - Deutsche Initiative für den Nahen Osten ( DINO ) , Member of the Board of Trustees - Gegen Vergessen – Für Demokratie , Chairwoman of the Advisory Board - Genshagener Kreis , Member of the Board of Trustees - German Foundation for World Population ( DSW ) , Member of the Advisory Board - Til Schweiger Foundation , Member of the Advisory Board - Total E-Quality initiative , Member of the Board of Trustees - United Nations Association of Germany ( DGVN ) , Member of the Presidium - Bertelsmann Foundation , Member of the Board of Trustees ( 1997–2015 ) - EnBW , Member of the Advisory Board ( 2004–2009 ) - German Council on Foreign Relations ( DGAP ) , Honorary Member Süssmuth is also Member of the European Council on Tolerance and Reconciliation established in 2008 to monitor tolerance in Europe and prepare recommendations to European governments and IGOs on fighting xenophobia and anti-semitism . In 2018 Süssmuth was awarded the Mercator Visiting Professorship for Political Management at the Universität Essen-Duisburgs NRW School of Governance . Awards and recognitions . - 1988 – Selected as 1987 by - 1988 – - 1989 – - 1990 – Großkreuz des Verdienstordens der Bundesrepublik Deutschland - 1997 – Avicenna-Gold-Medaille der - 1997 – - 2004 – Kompassnadel des Schwulen Netzwerks NRW ( für ihren Einsatz für die AIDS-Prävention bes . im Schwulen Bereich ) - 2006 – Magnus Hirschfeld Medal for Sexual Reform ( 2006 ) - 2007 – ( zusammen mit ) - 2007 – - 2007 – , Ehrung des Verbandes Deutscher Vermessungsingenieure - 2007 – ( 2007 ) for her great commitment to the fight against AIDS - 2008 – der Frankfurt ( Oder ) - 2010 – Ehrensiegel der Gemeinde - 2011 – Verdienstorden des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen - 2012 – für Verdienste um die deutsch-französisch-polnische Zusammenarbeit ( ) - 2013 – - 2014 – - 2015 – - 2015 – - 2016 – Ehrenmitgliedschaft der - 2016 – Verdienstorden des Landes Brandenburg - 2016 – Dorothea-Schlözer-Medaille der - 2018 – - 2019 – Ehrensenatorin der - 2019 – Ehrenmitgliedschaft der Honorary doctorate degrees . - 1988 – Hochschule - 1990 – Ruhr-Universität - 1994 – Universität , - 1995 – Universität , - 1996 – , - 1998 – , - 1998 – , - 2002 – - 2018 – , Personal life . Since 1964 , Süssmuth is married to university professor . They have one daughter . Bibliography . - 1964 Studien zur Anthropologie des Kindes in der französischen Literatur der Gegenwart unter besonderer Berücksichtigung François Mauriacs ( ) - 1980 Zur Anthropologie des Kindes . Untersuchungen und Interpretationen - 1985 Frauen – der Resignation keine Chance - 1987 Aids : Wege aus der Angst - 1987 Frauenlexikon : Traditionen , Fakten , Perspektiven zusammen mit und - 1989 Co-Autorin - 1992 Die planlosen Eliten zusammen mit ( SPD ) und ( Botschafter ) - 1997 Eine deutsche Zwischenbilanz : Standpunkte zum Umgang mit unserer Vergangenheit - 2000 Wer nicht kämpft hat schon verloren - 2006 Migration und Integration : Testfall für unsere Gesellschaft - 2007 Dennoch : Der Mensch geht vor . Für eine Umkehr in Politik und Gesellschaft - 2007 Bildung als globale Herausforderung . Zwei Statements – ein Gespräch with Hermann Glaser , in : Robertson-von Trotha , Caroline Y . ( ed. ) : Kultur und Gerechtigkeit ( = Kulturwissenschaft interdisziplinär/Interdisciplinary Studies on Culture and Society , Vol . 2 ) , Baden-Baden 2007 , - 2015 Das Gift des Politischen . Gedanken und Erinnerungen . Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag , München ( Rezension in der ) Sources . - Michael F . Feldkamp ( ed. ) , Der Bundestagspräsident . Amt – Funktion – Person . 16 . Wahlperiode , München 2007 , External links . - Official biography at Bundestag.de ( German , from 2002 ) - Interview Education is a human right by ERSTE Stiftung ( 2011 )

hard

What position did Rita Süssmuth take between Feb 2001 and Feb 2002?

/wiki/Rita_Süssmuth#P39#3

Rita Süssmuth Rita Süssmuth ( née Kickuth ; ; born 17 February 1937 ) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ) . She served as the 10th President of the Bundestag . From 1985 to 1988 , she served as Federal Minister for Youth , Family and Health ( from 1986 youth , family , women and health ) and from 1988 to 1998 as President of the German Bundestag . With close to 10 years , her tenure was the third longest in the history of the Bundestag . Only Eugen Gerstenmaier and Norbert Lammert held the position longer . In addition to her political work , Süssmuth was involved in many civil society projects , for example as President of the European Movement Germany ( 1994-1998 ) and member of the Advisory Board and Board of Trustees of the non-profit Bertelsmann Foundation ( 1997-2007 ) . Süssmuth has received various honours for her services . Early life and education . Süssmuth was born and spent her childhood in Wadersloh . After graduating from high school ( Emsland-Gymnasium ) in Rheine in 1956 , she completed a degree in Romance studies and history in Münster , Tübingen and Paris , which she finished on 20 July 1961 with the first state examination ( Staatsexamen ) for teaching . This was followed by postgraduate studies in educational science , sociology and psychology . In 1964 , she then received her Ph.D . phil . at the University of Münster . Her dissertation was titled Studies on the Anthropology of the Child in contemporary French literature ( Studien zur Anthropologie des Kindes in der französischen Literatur der Gegenwart ) . Süssmuth graduated as a Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Münster in 1964 . From 1966 until 1982 , she was a faculty member in education at University of Dortmund , Ruhr University , and their predecessor institutions . Career . Early career . From 1963 to 1966 , Süssmuth worked as a scientific assistant at the universities of Stuttgart and Osnabrück and from 1966 as a lecturer at the Pädagogische Hochschule Ruhr . From 1969 to 1982 , she had a teaching assignment at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum for International Comparative Education . In 1971 , Süssmuth was appointed professor of Educational Science at the Pädagogische Hochschule Ruhr . In 1973 , she accepted the call of the University of Dortmund . In 1971 , she also began working on the scientific advisory board of the Federal Ministry of Family Affairs . From 1982 to 1985 , Süssmuth was the director of the Institut Frau und Gesellschaft in Hanover . During her time as an active politician , she gave block seminars at the University of Göttingen . Political career . From 1985 to 1988 , Süssmuth was Federal Minister of Family Affairs , Senior Citizens , Women and Youth under Chancellor Helmut Kohl . In late 1989 , she joined forces with Lothar Späth , Heiner Geißler , Kurt Biedenkopf and others in an unsuccessful effort to oust Kohl as CDU chairman . Süssmuth was a member of the German Bundestag from 1987 to 2002 . In the federal elections in 1987 , 1990 and 1994 she won the direct mandate in the constituency of Göttingen and in 1998 , she moved into parliament via the state list of the CDU Lower Saxony . After the resignation of Philipp Jenninger in 1988 Süssmuth became the 10th President of the Bundestag . She held the post until 1998 , when the SPD became the strongest group in parliament . Her tenure saw the German reunification . In December 1989 , Süssmuth advocated a joint declaration by both German states on the recognition of the Polish western border . From 1986 to 2001 , Süssmuth served as president of the ( the organization of the female members of the CDU ) and therefore had a strong influence in her party . Political positions . Süssmuth is a supporter of the Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly , an organisation which advocates for democratic reformation of the United Nations . Ahead of the Christian Democrats’ leadership election in 2021 , Süssmuth publicly endorsed Armin Laschet to succeed Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer as the party’s chair . Life after politics . In September 2000 , Federal Minister of the Interior Otto Schily appointed Süssmuth as head of a high-profile bipartisan commission to overhaul Germanys immigration policies . The commissions task was to develop an overall concept for new immigration legislature . The results of the committee were presented in July 2001 , in the form of a 323-paged report titled Crafting Immigration - Promoting Integration ( Zuwanderung gestalten - Integration fördern ) . In 2002 , Süssmuth became a member of the , which acts as a mediator in questions of Nazi looted art . On 6 September 2005 Süssmuth was appointed as the new President of the state-approved Berlin OTA Private University ( OTA Hochschule ) , today SRH Hochschule Berlin . She was succeeded by in January 2010 . After leaving politics , Süssmuth has als been involved in a number of philanthropic and business activities , including the following : - UNAIDS High Level Commission on HIV Prevention , Co-Chair ( since 2010 ) - Technical University of Berlin , Chairwoman of the Board of Trustees ( since 2010 ) - European Policy Centre ( EPC ) , Member of the Strategic Council - Global Commission on International Migration , Member ( 2003–2005 ) - Migration Policy Institute ( MPI ) , Member of the Board of Trustees - Heinz Galinski Foundation , Member of the Board of Trustees - Deutsche Initiative für den Nahen Osten ( DINO ) , Member of the Board of Trustees - Gegen Vergessen – Für Demokratie , Chairwoman of the Advisory Board - Genshagener Kreis , Member of the Board of Trustees - German Foundation for World Population ( DSW ) , Member of the Advisory Board - Til Schweiger Foundation , Member of the Advisory Board - Total E-Quality initiative , Member of the Board of Trustees - United Nations Association of Germany ( DGVN ) , Member of the Presidium - Bertelsmann Foundation , Member of the Board of Trustees ( 1997–2015 ) - EnBW , Member of the Advisory Board ( 2004–2009 ) - German Council on Foreign Relations ( DGAP ) , Honorary Member Süssmuth is also Member of the European Council on Tolerance and Reconciliation established in 2008 to monitor tolerance in Europe and prepare recommendations to European governments and IGOs on fighting xenophobia and anti-semitism . In 2018 Süssmuth was awarded the Mercator Visiting Professorship for Political Management at the Universität Essen-Duisburgs NRW School of Governance . Awards and recognitions . - 1988 – Selected as 1987 by - 1988 – - 1989 – - 1990 – Großkreuz des Verdienstordens der Bundesrepublik Deutschland - 1997 – Avicenna-Gold-Medaille der - 1997 – - 2004 – Kompassnadel des Schwulen Netzwerks NRW ( für ihren Einsatz für die AIDS-Prävention bes . im Schwulen Bereich ) - 2006 – Magnus Hirschfeld Medal for Sexual Reform ( 2006 ) - 2007 – ( zusammen mit ) - 2007 – - 2007 – , Ehrung des Verbandes Deutscher Vermessungsingenieure - 2007 – ( 2007 ) for her great commitment to the fight against AIDS - 2008 – der Frankfurt ( Oder ) - 2010 – Ehrensiegel der Gemeinde - 2011 – Verdienstorden des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen - 2012 – für Verdienste um die deutsch-französisch-polnische Zusammenarbeit ( ) - 2013 – - 2014 – - 2015 – - 2015 – - 2016 – Ehrenmitgliedschaft der - 2016 – Verdienstorden des Landes Brandenburg - 2016 – Dorothea-Schlözer-Medaille der - 2018 – - 2019 – Ehrensenatorin der - 2019 – Ehrenmitgliedschaft der Honorary doctorate degrees . - 1988 – Hochschule - 1990 – Ruhr-Universität - 1994 – Universität , - 1995 – Universität , - 1996 – , - 1998 – , - 1998 – , - 2002 – - 2018 – , Personal life . Since 1964 , Süssmuth is married to university professor . They have one daughter . Bibliography . - 1964 Studien zur Anthropologie des Kindes in der französischen Literatur der Gegenwart unter besonderer Berücksichtigung François Mauriacs ( ) - 1980 Zur Anthropologie des Kindes . Untersuchungen und Interpretationen - 1985 Frauen – der Resignation keine Chance - 1987 Aids : Wege aus der Angst - 1987 Frauenlexikon : Traditionen , Fakten , Perspektiven zusammen mit und - 1989 Co-Autorin - 1992 Die planlosen Eliten zusammen mit ( SPD ) und ( Botschafter ) - 1997 Eine deutsche Zwischenbilanz : Standpunkte zum Umgang mit unserer Vergangenheit - 2000 Wer nicht kämpft hat schon verloren - 2006 Migration und Integration : Testfall für unsere Gesellschaft - 2007 Dennoch : Der Mensch geht vor . Für eine Umkehr in Politik und Gesellschaft - 2007 Bildung als globale Herausforderung . Zwei Statements – ein Gespräch with Hermann Glaser , in : Robertson-von Trotha , Caroline Y . ( ed. ) : Kultur und Gerechtigkeit ( = Kulturwissenschaft interdisziplinär/Interdisciplinary Studies on Culture and Society , Vol . 2 ) , Baden-Baden 2007 , - 2015 Das Gift des Politischen . Gedanken und Erinnerungen . Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag , München ( Rezension in der ) Sources . - Michael F . Feldkamp ( ed. ) , Der Bundestagspräsident . Amt – Funktion – Person . 16 . Wahlperiode , München 2007 , External links . - Official biography at Bundestag.de ( German , from 2002 ) - Interview Education is a human right by ERSTE Stiftung ( 2011 )

hard

What was the terminus of Sukhumvit line between Jun 2011 and Aug 2011?

/wiki/Sukhumvit_line#P559#0

Sukhumvit line The Sukhumvit line ( ) or Light Green line , is an elevated metro rail line of the BTS Skytrain in Bangkok , Thailand . From the central Siam Station , where it connects with the Silom Line , the line runs both northwards along Phaya Thai and Phahon Yothin Roads to Khu Khot in Lam Luk Ka District in Pathum Thani , and eastwards along Rama I , Phloen Chit and Sukhumvit Roads , through Bang Na District to Kheha Station in Samut Prakan . BTS daily ridership ( 2019 ) is 740,000 passengers per day . History . The first part of the line opened in December 1999 and consisted of seventeen stations from Mo Chit to On Nut . Currently , there are 47 stations in operation . Its formal name is The Elevated Train in Commemoration of HM the Kings 6th Cycle Birthday First line ( Sukhumvit ) . Stations . A planned station at N6 has never been built . Services . BTS operates services throughout the line from Khu Khot to Kheha at all times . At peak hours some services run terminate at Mo Chit northbound , and at Samrong , eastbound . Trains run generally at three to six-minute intervals . The last eastbound trains from Khu Khot terminate at Kheha , Samrong and Ha Yaek Lat Phrao respectively . The last northbound trains from Kheha terminate at Khu Khot , Samrong and Mo Chit respectively . A few off-peak eastbound trains run a through service on the Silom Line to Bang Wa . Extensions and current construction . Summary of BTS Sukhumvit extensions - 12 August 2011 : On Nut ( E09 ) – Bearing ( E14 ) - 3 April 2017 : Bearing ( E14 ) – Samrong ( E15 ) - 6 December 2018 : Samrong ( E15 ) – Kheha ( E23 ) - 9 August 2019 : Mo Chit ( N8 ) – Ha Yaek Lat Phrao ( N9 ) - 4 December 2019 : Ha Yaek Lat Phrao ( N9 ) – Kasetsart University ( N13 ) - 5 June 2020 : Kasetsart University ( N13 ) – Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) - 16 December 2020 Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) – Khu Khot ( N24 ) . East . 1st extension to Bearing Construction started in August 2006 on a four billion baht , 5.25 km extension from On Nut ( E9 ) to Bearing . The extension was funded by the BMA . The original scheduled opening date was mid-2009 . However , a delay in tendering of the contract for the electrical and signalling works resulted in a two-year delay . The extension did not open until over two years later , on 12 August 2011 . The delay in opening prompted the BMA to offer free travel for this extension until the end of 2011 as compensation . An additional flat fee is charged additionally to the distance-based fare of the rest of the BTS network . 2nd extension to Kheha Construction started in April 2012 on a 12.6 km , nine station extension from Bearing station to Kheha station . The extension was funded by the MRTA as it is outside BMA city limits , Bangkok Province . Construction was contracted to take 1,350 days and the extension was originally scheduled to open by early 2017 . In April 2013 , the MRTA awarded Ch Karnchang the contract for track laying and electrical systems . In June 2014 , civil works were stated to be 28.3 percent complete . In August 2016 , the BMA agreed to take over the operation of the extension from MRTA . Delays over the agreement of how much the BMA should pay MRTA caused a delay in the commencement of test runs on the extension . Track works were 98% completed by November 2016 . The total cost of the extension was estimated at 21.4 billion baht . In January 2017 , it was announced that the opening of the extension could be further delayed to 2018-2019 due to budgetary concerns and ongoing disputes between the MRTA and BMA . The first 1.2 km section of the extension to Samrong station ( E15 ) opened on 3 April 2017 . The full extension to Kheha opened on 6 December 2018 . North . 1st and 2nd extension - 1 ) Mo Chit station to Saphan Mai : 11.4 km , 12 stations ( N9–N20 ) - 2 ) Saphan Mai to Khu Khot : 7.5 km , four stations ( N21-N24 ) An 11.4 km , 11 station northern extension from Mo Chit station to Saphan Mai in Don Mueang District had been planned since the Sukhumvit line opened . Originally , this extension was scheduled to be completed by 2008 . However , due to a combination of changes in government , a prolonged environmental study , and problems with locating a suitable train depot the extension was continually delayed . A further 16.5 km , nine station extension from Saphan Mai to Khu Khot was also planned once the extension to Saphan Mai had been completed . After multiple delays , in mid-2013 a decision was made to tender extensions ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) at the same time , by the end of 2013 . However , the dissolution of parliament in November 2013 delayed this yet again . A tender was finally released in January 2014 with an April deadline before being delayed until late May 2014 due to concerns from bidders . A military coup in late-May 2014 suspended the bidding process whilst the military administration reviewed all major projects . In late June , the military administration affirmed that the tender would proceed before the end of 2014 . In August 2014 , the MRTA announced that the new tender deadline was 30 September 2014 . Five bidders qualified and the successful bids were announced in December 2014 . The tender specified a construction period of 1,350 days . On 3 April 2015 , MRTA signed four contracts for this extension : - Contract 1 : Civil works of 11.4 km from Mo Chit to Saphan Mai , will be constructed by Italian-Thai Development ( 15,269 million baht ) - Contract 2 : Civil works of 7.5 km from Saphan Mai to Khu Khot , will be constructed by UN-SH-CH joint venture ( 6,657 million baht ) - Contract 3 : Civil works of Depot and Park and Ride building , will be constructed by STEC-AS joint venture ( 4,019 million baht ) - Contract 4 : Tracklaying and system design , will be constructed by STEC-AS joint venture ( 2,841 million baht ) The MRTA , contactors and Thai Traffic Police met on 2 September 2015 and confirmed construction would begin on 8 September 2015 . A flyover at Kasetsart was demolished , which commenced on 12 September 2015 . At 31 December 2017 , the progress of civil works construction was at 53.31% according to the MRTA . As of the end of April 2018 , the MRTA stated that civil works progress had advanced to 63.27% . As of 30 September , overall construction had progressed to 78.79% . By the end of March 2019 , civil construction had nearly been completed having progressed to 99.42% . Testing of the final 9.8km , 7 station section from Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) to Khu Khot ( N24 ) began on 5 October and will continue until the full extension opens . The final section will be officially opened on 16 December 2020 by the Prime Minister . Opening dates 1 . The first section to Ha Yaek Lat Phrao station ( N9 ) opened on 9 August 2019 . 2 . The next 4 stations from a Yaek Lat Phrao station ( N9 ) to Kasetsart University ( N13 ) opened on 4 December 2019 . 3 . The next 4 stations from Kasetsart University ( N13 ) to Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) opened on 5 June 2020 . 4 . The remaining section of 9.8km and 7 stations from Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) to Khu Khot ( N24 ) opened on 16 December 2020 . Future extension plans . East : - A further 7 km , four station extension from Kheha station to Bang Pu station is planned . North : - A further 9 km , four station extension east along Lam Lukka Road from Khu Khot station to Wongwaen-Lam Luk Ka station is planned .

hard

What was the terminus of Sukhumvit line between Dec 2014 and Mar 2017?

/wiki/Sukhumvit_line#P559#1

Sukhumvit line The Sukhumvit line ( ) or Light Green line , is an elevated metro rail line of the BTS Skytrain in Bangkok , Thailand . From the central Siam Station , where it connects with the Silom Line , the line runs both northwards along Phaya Thai and Phahon Yothin Roads to Khu Khot in Lam Luk Ka District in Pathum Thani , and eastwards along Rama I , Phloen Chit and Sukhumvit Roads , through Bang Na District to Kheha Station in Samut Prakan . BTS daily ridership ( 2019 ) is 740,000 passengers per day . History . The first part of the line opened in December 1999 and consisted of seventeen stations from Mo Chit to On Nut . Currently , there are 47 stations in operation . Its formal name is The Elevated Train in Commemoration of HM the Kings 6th Cycle Birthday First line ( Sukhumvit ) . Stations . A planned station at N6 has never been built . Services . BTS operates services throughout the line from Khu Khot to Kheha at all times . At peak hours some services run terminate at Mo Chit northbound , and at Samrong , eastbound . Trains run generally at three to six-minute intervals . The last eastbound trains from Khu Khot terminate at Kheha , Samrong and Ha Yaek Lat Phrao respectively . The last northbound trains from Kheha terminate at Khu Khot , Samrong and Mo Chit respectively . A few off-peak eastbound trains run a through service on the Silom Line to Bang Wa . Extensions and current construction . Summary of BTS Sukhumvit extensions - 12 August 2011 : On Nut ( E09 ) – Bearing ( E14 ) - 3 April 2017 : Bearing ( E14 ) – Samrong ( E15 ) - 6 December 2018 : Samrong ( E15 ) – Kheha ( E23 ) - 9 August 2019 : Mo Chit ( N8 ) – Ha Yaek Lat Phrao ( N9 ) - 4 December 2019 : Ha Yaek Lat Phrao ( N9 ) – Kasetsart University ( N13 ) - 5 June 2020 : Kasetsart University ( N13 ) – Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) - 16 December 2020 Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) – Khu Khot ( N24 ) . East . 1st extension to Bearing Construction started in August 2006 on a four billion baht , 5.25 km extension from On Nut ( E9 ) to Bearing . The extension was funded by the BMA . The original scheduled opening date was mid-2009 . However , a delay in tendering of the contract for the electrical and signalling works resulted in a two-year delay . The extension did not open until over two years later , on 12 August 2011 . The delay in opening prompted the BMA to offer free travel for this extension until the end of 2011 as compensation . An additional flat fee is charged additionally to the distance-based fare of the rest of the BTS network . 2nd extension to Kheha Construction started in April 2012 on a 12.6 km , nine station extension from Bearing station to Kheha station . The extension was funded by the MRTA as it is outside BMA city limits , Bangkok Province . Construction was contracted to take 1,350 days and the extension was originally scheduled to open by early 2017 . In April 2013 , the MRTA awarded Ch Karnchang the contract for track laying and electrical systems . In June 2014 , civil works were stated to be 28.3 percent complete . In August 2016 , the BMA agreed to take over the operation of the extension from MRTA . Delays over the agreement of how much the BMA should pay MRTA caused a delay in the commencement of test runs on the extension . Track works were 98% completed by November 2016 . The total cost of the extension was estimated at 21.4 billion baht . In January 2017 , it was announced that the opening of the extension could be further delayed to 2018-2019 due to budgetary concerns and ongoing disputes between the MRTA and BMA . The first 1.2 km section of the extension to Samrong station ( E15 ) opened on 3 April 2017 . The full extension to Kheha opened on 6 December 2018 . North . 1st and 2nd extension - 1 ) Mo Chit station to Saphan Mai : 11.4 km , 12 stations ( N9–N20 ) - 2 ) Saphan Mai to Khu Khot : 7.5 km , four stations ( N21-N24 ) An 11.4 km , 11 station northern extension from Mo Chit station to Saphan Mai in Don Mueang District had been planned since the Sukhumvit line opened . Originally , this extension was scheduled to be completed by 2008 . However , due to a combination of changes in government , a prolonged environmental study , and problems with locating a suitable train depot the extension was continually delayed . A further 16.5 km , nine station extension from Saphan Mai to Khu Khot was also planned once the extension to Saphan Mai had been completed . After multiple delays , in mid-2013 a decision was made to tender extensions ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) at the same time , by the end of 2013 . However , the dissolution of parliament in November 2013 delayed this yet again . A tender was finally released in January 2014 with an April deadline before being delayed until late May 2014 due to concerns from bidders . A military coup in late-May 2014 suspended the bidding process whilst the military administration reviewed all major projects . In late June , the military administration affirmed that the tender would proceed before the end of 2014 . In August 2014 , the MRTA announced that the new tender deadline was 30 September 2014 . Five bidders qualified and the successful bids were announced in December 2014 . The tender specified a construction period of 1,350 days . On 3 April 2015 , MRTA signed four contracts for this extension : - Contract 1 : Civil works of 11.4 km from Mo Chit to Saphan Mai , will be constructed by Italian-Thai Development ( 15,269 million baht ) - Contract 2 : Civil works of 7.5 km from Saphan Mai to Khu Khot , will be constructed by UN-SH-CH joint venture ( 6,657 million baht ) - Contract 3 : Civil works of Depot and Park and Ride building , will be constructed by STEC-AS joint venture ( 4,019 million baht ) - Contract 4 : Tracklaying and system design , will be constructed by STEC-AS joint venture ( 2,841 million baht ) The MRTA , contactors and Thai Traffic Police met on 2 September 2015 and confirmed construction would begin on 8 September 2015 . A flyover at Kasetsart was demolished , which commenced on 12 September 2015 . At 31 December 2017 , the progress of civil works construction was at 53.31% according to the MRTA . As of the end of April 2018 , the MRTA stated that civil works progress had advanced to 63.27% . As of 30 September , overall construction had progressed to 78.79% . By the end of March 2019 , civil construction had nearly been completed having progressed to 99.42% . Testing of the final 9.8km , 7 station section from Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) to Khu Khot ( N24 ) began on 5 October and will continue until the full extension opens . The final section will be officially opened on 16 December 2020 by the Prime Minister . Opening dates 1 . The first section to Ha Yaek Lat Phrao station ( N9 ) opened on 9 August 2019 . 2 . The next 4 stations from a Yaek Lat Phrao station ( N9 ) to Kasetsart University ( N13 ) opened on 4 December 2019 . 3 . The next 4 stations from Kasetsart University ( N13 ) to Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) opened on 5 June 2020 . 4 . The remaining section of 9.8km and 7 stations from Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) to Khu Khot ( N24 ) opened on 16 December 2020 . Future extension plans . East : - A further 7 km , four station extension from Kheha station to Bang Pu station is planned . North : - A further 9 km , four station extension east along Lam Lukka Road from Khu Khot station to Wongwaen-Lam Luk Ka station is planned .

hard

What was the terminus of Sukhumvit line between Nov 2017 and Jul 2018?

/wiki/Sukhumvit_line#P559#2

Sukhumvit line The Sukhumvit line ( ) or Light Green line , is an elevated metro rail line of the BTS Skytrain in Bangkok , Thailand . From the central Siam Station , where it connects with the Silom Line , the line runs both northwards along Phaya Thai and Phahon Yothin Roads to Khu Khot in Lam Luk Ka District in Pathum Thani , and eastwards along Rama I , Phloen Chit and Sukhumvit Roads , through Bang Na District to Kheha Station in Samut Prakan . BTS daily ridership ( 2019 ) is 740,000 passengers per day . History . The first part of the line opened in December 1999 and consisted of seventeen stations from Mo Chit to On Nut . Currently , there are 47 stations in operation . Its formal name is The Elevated Train in Commemoration of HM the Kings 6th Cycle Birthday First line ( Sukhumvit ) . Stations . A planned station at N6 has never been built . Services . BTS operates services throughout the line from Khu Khot to Kheha at all times . At peak hours some services run terminate at Mo Chit northbound , and at Samrong , eastbound . Trains run generally at three to six-minute intervals . The last eastbound trains from Khu Khot terminate at Kheha , Samrong and Ha Yaek Lat Phrao respectively . The last northbound trains from Kheha terminate at Khu Khot , Samrong and Mo Chit respectively . A few off-peak eastbound trains run a through service on the Silom Line to Bang Wa . Extensions and current construction . Summary of BTS Sukhumvit extensions - 12 August 2011 : On Nut ( E09 ) – Bearing ( E14 ) - 3 April 2017 : Bearing ( E14 ) – Samrong ( E15 ) - 6 December 2018 : Samrong ( E15 ) – Kheha ( E23 ) - 9 August 2019 : Mo Chit ( N8 ) – Ha Yaek Lat Phrao ( N9 ) - 4 December 2019 : Ha Yaek Lat Phrao ( N9 ) – Kasetsart University ( N13 ) - 5 June 2020 : Kasetsart University ( N13 ) – Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) - 16 December 2020 Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) – Khu Khot ( N24 ) . East . 1st extension to Bearing Construction started in August 2006 on a four billion baht , 5.25 km extension from On Nut ( E9 ) to Bearing . The extension was funded by the BMA . The original scheduled opening date was mid-2009 . However , a delay in tendering of the contract for the electrical and signalling works resulted in a two-year delay . The extension did not open until over two years later , on 12 August 2011 . The delay in opening prompted the BMA to offer free travel for this extension until the end of 2011 as compensation . An additional flat fee is charged additionally to the distance-based fare of the rest of the BTS network . 2nd extension to Kheha Construction started in April 2012 on a 12.6 km , nine station extension from Bearing station to Kheha station . The extension was funded by the MRTA as it is outside BMA city limits , Bangkok Province . Construction was contracted to take 1,350 days and the extension was originally scheduled to open by early 2017 . In April 2013 , the MRTA awarded Ch Karnchang the contract for track laying and electrical systems . In June 2014 , civil works were stated to be 28.3 percent complete . In August 2016 , the BMA agreed to take over the operation of the extension from MRTA . Delays over the agreement of how much the BMA should pay MRTA caused a delay in the commencement of test runs on the extension . Track works were 98% completed by November 2016 . The total cost of the extension was estimated at 21.4 billion baht . In January 2017 , it was announced that the opening of the extension could be further delayed to 2018-2019 due to budgetary concerns and ongoing disputes between the MRTA and BMA . The first 1.2 km section of the extension to Samrong station ( E15 ) opened on 3 April 2017 . The full extension to Kheha opened on 6 December 2018 . North . 1st and 2nd extension - 1 ) Mo Chit station to Saphan Mai : 11.4 km , 12 stations ( N9–N20 ) - 2 ) Saphan Mai to Khu Khot : 7.5 km , four stations ( N21-N24 ) An 11.4 km , 11 station northern extension from Mo Chit station to Saphan Mai in Don Mueang District had been planned since the Sukhumvit line opened . Originally , this extension was scheduled to be completed by 2008 . However , due to a combination of changes in government , a prolonged environmental study , and problems with locating a suitable train depot the extension was continually delayed . A further 16.5 km , nine station extension from Saphan Mai to Khu Khot was also planned once the extension to Saphan Mai had been completed . After multiple delays , in mid-2013 a decision was made to tender extensions ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) at the same time , by the end of 2013 . However , the dissolution of parliament in November 2013 delayed this yet again . A tender was finally released in January 2014 with an April deadline before being delayed until late May 2014 due to concerns from bidders . A military coup in late-May 2014 suspended the bidding process whilst the military administration reviewed all major projects . In late June , the military administration affirmed that the tender would proceed before the end of 2014 . In August 2014 , the MRTA announced that the new tender deadline was 30 September 2014 . Five bidders qualified and the successful bids were announced in December 2014 . The tender specified a construction period of 1,350 days . On 3 April 2015 , MRTA signed four contracts for this extension : - Contract 1 : Civil works of 11.4 km from Mo Chit to Saphan Mai , will be constructed by Italian-Thai Development ( 15,269 million baht ) - Contract 2 : Civil works of 7.5 km from Saphan Mai to Khu Khot , will be constructed by UN-SH-CH joint venture ( 6,657 million baht ) - Contract 3 : Civil works of Depot and Park and Ride building , will be constructed by STEC-AS joint venture ( 4,019 million baht ) - Contract 4 : Tracklaying and system design , will be constructed by STEC-AS joint venture ( 2,841 million baht ) The MRTA , contactors and Thai Traffic Police met on 2 September 2015 and confirmed construction would begin on 8 September 2015 . A flyover at Kasetsart was demolished , which commenced on 12 September 2015 . At 31 December 2017 , the progress of civil works construction was at 53.31% according to the MRTA . As of the end of April 2018 , the MRTA stated that civil works progress had advanced to 63.27% . As of 30 September , overall construction had progressed to 78.79% . By the end of March 2019 , civil construction had nearly been completed having progressed to 99.42% . Testing of the final 9.8km , 7 station section from Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) to Khu Khot ( N24 ) began on 5 October and will continue until the full extension opens . The final section will be officially opened on 16 December 2020 by the Prime Minister . Opening dates 1 . The first section to Ha Yaek Lat Phrao station ( N9 ) opened on 9 August 2019 . 2 . The next 4 stations from a Yaek Lat Phrao station ( N9 ) to Kasetsart University ( N13 ) opened on 4 December 2019 . 3 . The next 4 stations from Kasetsart University ( N13 ) to Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) opened on 5 June 2020 . 4 . The remaining section of 9.8km and 7 stations from Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) to Khu Khot ( N24 ) opened on 16 December 2020 . Future extension plans . East : - A further 7 km , four station extension from Kheha station to Bang Pu station is planned . North : - A further 9 km , four station extension east along Lam Lukka Road from Khu Khot station to Wongwaen-Lam Luk Ka station is planned .

hard

What was the terminus of Sukhumvit line in Jun 2019?

/wiki/Sukhumvit_line#P559#3

Sukhumvit line The Sukhumvit line ( ) or Light Green line , is an elevated metro rail line of the BTS Skytrain in Bangkok , Thailand . From the central Siam Station , where it connects with the Silom Line , the line runs both northwards along Phaya Thai and Phahon Yothin Roads to Khu Khot in Lam Luk Ka District in Pathum Thani , and eastwards along Rama I , Phloen Chit and Sukhumvit Roads , through Bang Na District to Kheha Station in Samut Prakan . BTS daily ridership ( 2019 ) is 740,000 passengers per day . History . The first part of the line opened in December 1999 and consisted of seventeen stations from Mo Chit to On Nut . Currently , there are 47 stations in operation . Its formal name is The Elevated Train in Commemoration of HM the Kings 6th Cycle Birthday First line ( Sukhumvit ) . Stations . A planned station at N6 has never been built . Services . BTS operates services throughout the line from Khu Khot to Kheha at all times . At peak hours some services run terminate at Mo Chit northbound , and at Samrong , eastbound . Trains run generally at three to six-minute intervals . The last eastbound trains from Khu Khot terminate at Kheha , Samrong and Ha Yaek Lat Phrao respectively . The last northbound trains from Kheha terminate at Khu Khot , Samrong and Mo Chit respectively . A few off-peak eastbound trains run a through service on the Silom Line to Bang Wa . Extensions and current construction . Summary of BTS Sukhumvit extensions - 12 August 2011 : On Nut ( E09 ) – Bearing ( E14 ) - 3 April 2017 : Bearing ( E14 ) – Samrong ( E15 ) - 6 December 2018 : Samrong ( E15 ) – Kheha ( E23 ) - 9 August 2019 : Mo Chit ( N8 ) – Ha Yaek Lat Phrao ( N9 ) - 4 December 2019 : Ha Yaek Lat Phrao ( N9 ) – Kasetsart University ( N13 ) - 5 June 2020 : Kasetsart University ( N13 ) – Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) - 16 December 2020 Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) – Khu Khot ( N24 ) . East . 1st extension to Bearing Construction started in August 2006 on a four billion baht , 5.25 km extension from On Nut ( E9 ) to Bearing . The extension was funded by the BMA . The original scheduled opening date was mid-2009 . However , a delay in tendering of the contract for the electrical and signalling works resulted in a two-year delay . The extension did not open until over two years later , on 12 August 2011 . The delay in opening prompted the BMA to offer free travel for this extension until the end of 2011 as compensation . An additional flat fee is charged additionally to the distance-based fare of the rest of the BTS network . 2nd extension to Kheha Construction started in April 2012 on a 12.6 km , nine station extension from Bearing station to Kheha station . The extension was funded by the MRTA as it is outside BMA city limits , Bangkok Province . Construction was contracted to take 1,350 days and the extension was originally scheduled to open by early 2017 . In April 2013 , the MRTA awarded Ch Karnchang the contract for track laying and electrical systems . In June 2014 , civil works were stated to be 28.3 percent complete . In August 2016 , the BMA agreed to take over the operation of the extension from MRTA . Delays over the agreement of how much the BMA should pay MRTA caused a delay in the commencement of test runs on the extension . Track works were 98% completed by November 2016 . The total cost of the extension was estimated at 21.4 billion baht . In January 2017 , it was announced that the opening of the extension could be further delayed to 2018-2019 due to budgetary concerns and ongoing disputes between the MRTA and BMA . The first 1.2 km section of the extension to Samrong station ( E15 ) opened on 3 April 2017 . The full extension to Kheha opened on 6 December 2018 . North . 1st and 2nd extension - 1 ) Mo Chit station to Saphan Mai : 11.4 km , 12 stations ( N9–N20 ) - 2 ) Saphan Mai to Khu Khot : 7.5 km , four stations ( N21-N24 ) An 11.4 km , 11 station northern extension from Mo Chit station to Saphan Mai in Don Mueang District had been planned since the Sukhumvit line opened . Originally , this extension was scheduled to be completed by 2008 . However , due to a combination of changes in government , a prolonged environmental study , and problems with locating a suitable train depot the extension was continually delayed . A further 16.5 km , nine station extension from Saphan Mai to Khu Khot was also planned once the extension to Saphan Mai had been completed . After multiple delays , in mid-2013 a decision was made to tender extensions ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) at the same time , by the end of 2013 . However , the dissolution of parliament in November 2013 delayed this yet again . A tender was finally released in January 2014 with an April deadline before being delayed until late May 2014 due to concerns from bidders . A military coup in late-May 2014 suspended the bidding process whilst the military administration reviewed all major projects . In late June , the military administration affirmed that the tender would proceed before the end of 2014 . In August 2014 , the MRTA announced that the new tender deadline was 30 September 2014 . Five bidders qualified and the successful bids were announced in December 2014 . The tender specified a construction period of 1,350 days . On 3 April 2015 , MRTA signed four contracts for this extension : - Contract 1 : Civil works of 11.4 km from Mo Chit to Saphan Mai , will be constructed by Italian-Thai Development ( 15,269 million baht ) - Contract 2 : Civil works of 7.5 km from Saphan Mai to Khu Khot , will be constructed by UN-SH-CH joint venture ( 6,657 million baht ) - Contract 3 : Civil works of Depot and Park and Ride building , will be constructed by STEC-AS joint venture ( 4,019 million baht ) - Contract 4 : Tracklaying and system design , will be constructed by STEC-AS joint venture ( 2,841 million baht ) The MRTA , contactors and Thai Traffic Police met on 2 September 2015 and confirmed construction would begin on 8 September 2015 . A flyover at Kasetsart was demolished , which commenced on 12 September 2015 . At 31 December 2017 , the progress of civil works construction was at 53.31% according to the MRTA . As of the end of April 2018 , the MRTA stated that civil works progress had advanced to 63.27% . As of 30 September , overall construction had progressed to 78.79% . By the end of March 2019 , civil construction had nearly been completed having progressed to 99.42% . Testing of the final 9.8km , 7 station section from Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) to Khu Khot ( N24 ) began on 5 October and will continue until the full extension opens . The final section will be officially opened on 16 December 2020 by the Prime Minister . Opening dates 1 . The first section to Ha Yaek Lat Phrao station ( N9 ) opened on 9 August 2019 . 2 . The next 4 stations from a Yaek Lat Phrao station ( N9 ) to Kasetsart University ( N13 ) opened on 4 December 2019 . 3 . The next 4 stations from Kasetsart University ( N13 ) to Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) opened on 5 June 2020 . 4 . The remaining section of 9.8km and 7 stations from Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) to Khu Khot ( N24 ) opened on 16 December 2020 . Future extension plans . East : - A further 7 km , four station extension from Kheha station to Bang Pu station is planned . North : - A further 9 km , four station extension east along Lam Lukka Road from Khu Khot station to Wongwaen-Lam Luk Ka station is planned .

hard

What was the terminus of Sukhumvit line after Mar 2020?

/wiki/Sukhumvit_line#P559#4

Sukhumvit line The Sukhumvit line ( ) or Light Green line , is an elevated metro rail line of the BTS Skytrain in Bangkok , Thailand . From the central Siam Station , where it connects with the Silom Line , the line runs both northwards along Phaya Thai and Phahon Yothin Roads to Khu Khot in Lam Luk Ka District in Pathum Thani , and eastwards along Rama I , Phloen Chit and Sukhumvit Roads , through Bang Na District to Kheha Station in Samut Prakan . BTS daily ridership ( 2019 ) is 740,000 passengers per day . History . The first part of the line opened in December 1999 and consisted of seventeen stations from Mo Chit to On Nut . Currently , there are 47 stations in operation . Its formal name is The Elevated Train in Commemoration of HM the Kings 6th Cycle Birthday First line ( Sukhumvit ) . Stations . A planned station at N6 has never been built . Services . BTS operates services throughout the line from Khu Khot to Kheha at all times . At peak hours some services run terminate at Mo Chit northbound , and at Samrong , eastbound . Trains run generally at three to six-minute intervals . The last eastbound trains from Khu Khot terminate at Kheha , Samrong and Ha Yaek Lat Phrao respectively . The last northbound trains from Kheha terminate at Khu Khot , Samrong and Mo Chit respectively . A few off-peak eastbound trains run a through service on the Silom Line to Bang Wa . Extensions and current construction . Summary of BTS Sukhumvit extensions - 12 August 2011 : On Nut ( E09 ) – Bearing ( E14 ) - 3 April 2017 : Bearing ( E14 ) – Samrong ( E15 ) - 6 December 2018 : Samrong ( E15 ) – Kheha ( E23 ) - 9 August 2019 : Mo Chit ( N8 ) – Ha Yaek Lat Phrao ( N9 ) - 4 December 2019 : Ha Yaek Lat Phrao ( N9 ) – Kasetsart University ( N13 ) - 5 June 2020 : Kasetsart University ( N13 ) – Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) - 16 December 2020 Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) – Khu Khot ( N24 ) . East . 1st extension to Bearing Construction started in August 2006 on a four billion baht , 5.25 km extension from On Nut ( E9 ) to Bearing . The extension was funded by the BMA . The original scheduled opening date was mid-2009 . However , a delay in tendering of the contract for the electrical and signalling works resulted in a two-year delay . The extension did not open until over two years later , on 12 August 2011 . The delay in opening prompted the BMA to offer free travel for this extension until the end of 2011 as compensation . An additional flat fee is charged additionally to the distance-based fare of the rest of the BTS network . 2nd extension to Kheha Construction started in April 2012 on a 12.6 km , nine station extension from Bearing station to Kheha station . The extension was funded by the MRTA as it is outside BMA city limits , Bangkok Province . Construction was contracted to take 1,350 days and the extension was originally scheduled to open by early 2017 . In April 2013 , the MRTA awarded Ch Karnchang the contract for track laying and electrical systems . In June 2014 , civil works were stated to be 28.3 percent complete . In August 2016 , the BMA agreed to take over the operation of the extension from MRTA . Delays over the agreement of how much the BMA should pay MRTA caused a delay in the commencement of test runs on the extension . Track works were 98% completed by November 2016 . The total cost of the extension was estimated at 21.4 billion baht . In January 2017 , it was announced that the opening of the extension could be further delayed to 2018-2019 due to budgetary concerns and ongoing disputes between the MRTA and BMA . The first 1.2 km section of the extension to Samrong station ( E15 ) opened on 3 April 2017 . The full extension to Kheha opened on 6 December 2018 . North . 1st and 2nd extension - 1 ) Mo Chit station to Saphan Mai : 11.4 km , 12 stations ( N9–N20 ) - 2 ) Saphan Mai to Khu Khot : 7.5 km , four stations ( N21-N24 ) An 11.4 km , 11 station northern extension from Mo Chit station to Saphan Mai in Don Mueang District had been planned since the Sukhumvit line opened . Originally , this extension was scheduled to be completed by 2008 . However , due to a combination of changes in government , a prolonged environmental study , and problems with locating a suitable train depot the extension was continually delayed . A further 16.5 km , nine station extension from Saphan Mai to Khu Khot was also planned once the extension to Saphan Mai had been completed . After multiple delays , in mid-2013 a decision was made to tender extensions ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) at the same time , by the end of 2013 . However , the dissolution of parliament in November 2013 delayed this yet again . A tender was finally released in January 2014 with an April deadline before being delayed until late May 2014 due to concerns from bidders . A military coup in late-May 2014 suspended the bidding process whilst the military administration reviewed all major projects . In late June , the military administration affirmed that the tender would proceed before the end of 2014 . In August 2014 , the MRTA announced that the new tender deadline was 30 September 2014 . Five bidders qualified and the successful bids were announced in December 2014 . The tender specified a construction period of 1,350 days . On 3 April 2015 , MRTA signed four contracts for this extension : - Contract 1 : Civil works of 11.4 km from Mo Chit to Saphan Mai , will be constructed by Italian-Thai Development ( 15,269 million baht ) - Contract 2 : Civil works of 7.5 km from Saphan Mai to Khu Khot , will be constructed by UN-SH-CH joint venture ( 6,657 million baht ) - Contract 3 : Civil works of Depot and Park and Ride building , will be constructed by STEC-AS joint venture ( 4,019 million baht ) - Contract 4 : Tracklaying and system design , will be constructed by STEC-AS joint venture ( 2,841 million baht ) The MRTA , contactors and Thai Traffic Police met on 2 September 2015 and confirmed construction would begin on 8 September 2015 . A flyover at Kasetsart was demolished , which commenced on 12 September 2015 . At 31 December 2017 , the progress of civil works construction was at 53.31% according to the MRTA . As of the end of April 2018 , the MRTA stated that civil works progress had advanced to 63.27% . As of 30 September , overall construction had progressed to 78.79% . By the end of March 2019 , civil construction had nearly been completed having progressed to 99.42% . Testing of the final 9.8km , 7 station section from Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) to Khu Khot ( N24 ) began on 5 October and will continue until the full extension opens . The final section will be officially opened on 16 December 2020 by the Prime Minister . Opening dates 1 . The first section to Ha Yaek Lat Phrao station ( N9 ) opened on 9 August 2019 . 2 . The next 4 stations from a Yaek Lat Phrao station ( N9 ) to Kasetsart University ( N13 ) opened on 4 December 2019 . 3 . The next 4 stations from Kasetsart University ( N13 ) to Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) opened on 5 June 2020 . 4 . The remaining section of 9.8km and 7 stations from Wat Phra Sri Mahathat ( N17 ) to Khu Khot ( N24 ) opened on 16 December 2020 . Future extension plans . East : - A further 7 km , four station extension from Kheha station to Bang Pu station is planned . North : - A further 9 km , four station extension east along Lam Lukka Road from Khu Khot station to Wongwaen-Lam Luk Ka station is planned .

hard

Afzal Khan (British politician) took which position between Feb 2015 and Sep 2015?

/wiki/Afzal_Khan_(British_politician)#P39#0

Afzal Khan ( British politician ) Mohammed Afzal Khan , ( ; born 5 April 1958 ) is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for the Manchester Gorton constituency since June 2017 . He was formerly Lord Mayor of Manchester for the year 2005–2006 , and served as a Member of the European Parliament ( MEP ) for North West England from 2014 to 2017 . Early life . Khan was born in Pakistan and came to the UK aged 11 . After leaving school without qualifications , he had a number of jobs , including as a Greater Manchester Police constable , before returning to education and qualifying as a solicitor : He is now a partner of solicitors Mellor & Jackson in Oldham . Political career . Local government . Khan was first elected a Labour Councillor in 2000 , being re-elected in 2004 , 2007 and 2011 , representing Cheetham Ward . He served as Executive Member for Childrens Services . Khan became the first Muslim Lord Mayor of Manchester , taking the position for 2005–2006 . In 2010 , Khan was appointed CBE for his race relations work . In 2011 , Khan was suggested as a candidate for Oldham East and Saddleworth . In 2012 , he was a potential candidate for the Bradford West by-election but lost the nomination to Imran Hussain , who was defeated by Respect Party candidate , George Galloway . European Parliament . Khan was selected in February 2013 on the Labour Partys list for North West England at the European Parliamentary election of 2014 and , on 22 May 2014 , he was returned as MEP to the European Parliament to represent North West England . In January 2016 , Khan was appointed by the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament as Special Representative to Muslim Communities . In this function , Khan visited Germany , the United Kingdom , Italy , France and Denmark for work with local Muslim communities and invited groups of young Muslims to the Parliament . Parliamentary career . In March 2017 , he applied to be Labours candidate in the 2017 Manchester Gorton by-election and was officially selected on 22 March . During the by-election , he said I condemn the statements made by Ken Livingstone and I believe there is no place for anti-Semitism in the Labour Party . He added , I have been a lifelong campaigner against racism and anti-Semitism . In 2008 , I was awarded a CBE in part for my work encouraging greater understanding between Muslims and Jews . I intend to continue this work if I am elected as MP for Manchester Gorton . The by-election was cancelled following the dissolution of Parliament for the early general election on 8 June 2017 . Khan was again selected for as the Labour candidate for the general election and was elected , becoming Manchesters first Muslim MP . In July 2017 , Khan was appointed Shadow Immigration Minister . In July 2019 , Khan apologised for having shared on Facebook two years earlier a video of American comedian Jon Stewart talking about Benjamin Netanyahu . The text under the video referred to an Israel-British-Swiss-Rothschilds crime syndicate and mass murdering Rothschilds Israeli mafia criminal liars . Khan said he was mortified , adding I didnt read the text below , which contained an anti-Semitic conspiracy about the Rothschilds . I would never have shared it if I had seen that . Other roles . From 2000 to 2004 , Khan was a member of the Department of Trade and Industrys Ethnic Minority Business Forum , advising the then Secretary of State , Patricia Hewitt . Following the 2005 London bombings , he became a member of a Home Office working group aimed at preventing extremism . He has also served as Assistant Secretary-General of the Muslim Council of Britain and is its North West representative . He is a co-founder of the Muslim Jewish Forum of Greater Manchester . Khan has appeared on Channel M documentaries and worked extensively with Manchester historian Jonathan Schofield . He was appointed as parliamentary chair for the Labour Muslim Network in August 2020 . Other events . In March 2018 , Khan received a suspicious package containing an anti-Islamic letter and sticky liquid . The substance was later found to be harmless . Similar packages were received by fellow Labour MPs Mohammad Yasin , Rushanara Ali and Rupa Huq . Personal life . Khans daughter Maryam was a Councillor on Manchester City Council , for Longsight .

hard

Afzal Khan (British politician) took which position in May 2019?

/wiki/Afzal_Khan_(British_politician)#P39#1

Afzal Khan ( British politician ) Mohammed Afzal Khan , ( ; born 5 April 1958 ) is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for the Manchester Gorton constituency since June 2017 . He was formerly Lord Mayor of Manchester for the year 2005–2006 , and served as a Member of the European Parliament ( MEP ) for North West England from 2014 to 2017 . Early life . Khan was born in Pakistan and came to the UK aged 11 . After leaving school without qualifications , he had a number of jobs , including as a Greater Manchester Police constable , before returning to education and qualifying as a solicitor : He is now a partner of solicitors Mellor & Jackson in Oldham . Political career . Local government . Khan was first elected a Labour Councillor in 2000 , being re-elected in 2004 , 2007 and 2011 , representing Cheetham Ward . He served as Executive Member for Childrens Services . Khan became the first Muslim Lord Mayor of Manchester , taking the position for 2005–2006 . In 2010 , Khan was appointed CBE for his race relations work . In 2011 , Khan was suggested as a candidate for Oldham East and Saddleworth . In 2012 , he was a potential candidate for the Bradford West by-election but lost the nomination to Imran Hussain , who was defeated by Respect Party candidate , George Galloway . European Parliament . Khan was selected in February 2013 on the Labour Partys list for North West England at the European Parliamentary election of 2014 and , on 22 May 2014 , he was returned as MEP to the European Parliament to represent North West England . In January 2016 , Khan was appointed by the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament as Special Representative to Muslim Communities . In this function , Khan visited Germany , the United Kingdom , Italy , France and Denmark for work with local Muslim communities and invited groups of young Muslims to the Parliament . Parliamentary career . In March 2017 , he applied to be Labours candidate in the 2017 Manchester Gorton by-election and was officially selected on 22 March . During the by-election , he said I condemn the statements made by Ken Livingstone and I believe there is no place for anti-Semitism in the Labour Party . He added , I have been a lifelong campaigner against racism and anti-Semitism . In 2008 , I was awarded a CBE in part for my work encouraging greater understanding between Muslims and Jews . I intend to continue this work if I am elected as MP for Manchester Gorton . The by-election was cancelled following the dissolution of Parliament for the early general election on 8 June 2017 . Khan was again selected for as the Labour candidate for the general election and was elected , becoming Manchesters first Muslim MP . In July 2017 , Khan was appointed Shadow Immigration Minister . In July 2019 , Khan apologised for having shared on Facebook two years earlier a video of American comedian Jon Stewart talking about Benjamin Netanyahu . The text under the video referred to an Israel-British-Swiss-Rothschilds crime syndicate and mass murdering Rothschilds Israeli mafia criminal liars . Khan said he was mortified , adding I didnt read the text below , which contained an anti-Semitic conspiracy about the Rothschilds . I would never have shared it if I had seen that . Other roles . From 2000 to 2004 , Khan was a member of the Department of Trade and Industrys Ethnic Minority Business Forum , advising the then Secretary of State , Patricia Hewitt . Following the 2005 London bombings , he became a member of a Home Office working group aimed at preventing extremism . He has also served as Assistant Secretary-General of the Muslim Council of Britain and is its North West representative . He is a co-founder of the Muslim Jewish Forum of Greater Manchester . Khan has appeared on Channel M documentaries and worked extensively with Manchester historian Jonathan Schofield . He was appointed as parliamentary chair for the Labour Muslim Network in August 2020 . Other events . In March 2018 , Khan received a suspicious package containing an anti-Islamic letter and sticky liquid . The substance was later found to be harmless . Similar packages were received by fellow Labour MPs Mohammad Yasin , Rushanara Ali and Rupa Huq . Personal life . Khans daughter Maryam was a Councillor on Manchester City Council , for Longsight .

hard

Afzal Khan (British politician) took which position in Jan 2020?

/wiki/Afzal_Khan_(British_politician)#P39#2

Afzal Khan ( British politician ) Mohammed Afzal Khan , ( ; born 5 April 1958 ) is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for the Manchester Gorton constituency since June 2017 . He was formerly Lord Mayor of Manchester for the year 2005–2006 , and served as a Member of the European Parliament ( MEP ) for North West England from 2014 to 2017 . Early life . Khan was born in Pakistan and came to the UK aged 11 . After leaving school without qualifications , he had a number of jobs , including as a Greater Manchester Police constable , before returning to education and qualifying as a solicitor : He is now a partner of solicitors Mellor & Jackson in Oldham . Political career . Local government . Khan was first elected a Labour Councillor in 2000 , being re-elected in 2004 , 2007 and 2011 , representing Cheetham Ward . He served as Executive Member for Childrens Services . Khan became the first Muslim Lord Mayor of Manchester , taking the position for 2005–2006 . In 2010 , Khan was appointed CBE for his race relations work . In 2011 , Khan was suggested as a candidate for Oldham East and Saddleworth . In 2012 , he was a potential candidate for the Bradford West by-election but lost the nomination to Imran Hussain , who was defeated by Respect Party candidate , George Galloway . European Parliament . Khan was selected in February 2013 on the Labour Partys list for North West England at the European Parliamentary election of 2014 and , on 22 May 2014 , he was returned as MEP to the European Parliament to represent North West England . In January 2016 , Khan was appointed by the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament as Special Representative to Muslim Communities . In this function , Khan visited Germany , the United Kingdom , Italy , France and Denmark for work with local Muslim communities and invited groups of young Muslims to the Parliament . Parliamentary career . In March 2017 , he applied to be Labours candidate in the 2017 Manchester Gorton by-election and was officially selected on 22 March . During the by-election , he said I condemn the statements made by Ken Livingstone and I believe there is no place for anti-Semitism in the Labour Party . He added , I have been a lifelong campaigner against racism and anti-Semitism . In 2008 , I was awarded a CBE in part for my work encouraging greater understanding between Muslims and Jews . I intend to continue this work if I am elected as MP for Manchester Gorton . The by-election was cancelled following the dissolution of Parliament for the early general election on 8 June 2017 . Khan was again selected for as the Labour candidate for the general election and was elected , becoming Manchesters first Muslim MP . In July 2017 , Khan was appointed Shadow Immigration Minister . In July 2019 , Khan apologised for having shared on Facebook two years earlier a video of American comedian Jon Stewart talking about Benjamin Netanyahu . The text under the video referred to an Israel-British-Swiss-Rothschilds crime syndicate and mass murdering Rothschilds Israeli mafia criminal liars . Khan said he was mortified , adding I didnt read the text below , which contained an anti-Semitic conspiracy about the Rothschilds . I would never have shared it if I had seen that . Other roles . From 2000 to 2004 , Khan was a member of the Department of Trade and Industrys Ethnic Minority Business Forum , advising the then Secretary of State , Patricia Hewitt . Following the 2005 London bombings , he became a member of a Home Office working group aimed at preventing extremism . He has also served as Assistant Secretary-General of the Muslim Council of Britain and is its North West representative . He is a co-founder of the Muslim Jewish Forum of Greater Manchester . Khan has appeared on Channel M documentaries and worked extensively with Manchester historian Jonathan Schofield . He was appointed as parliamentary chair for the Labour Muslim Network in August 2020 . Other events . In March 2018 , Khan received a suspicious package containing an anti-Islamic letter and sticky liquid . The substance was later found to be harmless . Similar packages were received by fellow Labour MPs Mohammad Yasin , Rushanara Ali and Rupa Huq . Personal life . Khans daughter Maryam was a Councillor on Manchester City Council , for Longsight .

hard

What was the official name of Second VA-174 (U.S. Navy) in Mar 1946?

/wiki/Second_VA-174_(U.S._Navy)#P1448#0

Second VA-174 ( U.S . Navy ) Attack Squadron 174 ( VA-174 ) also known as the Hellrazors was a United States Navy attack squadron based at Naval Air Station Cecil Field , Florida , and were attached to Light Attack Wing One . It was commissioned from 1944 to 1988 . History . The unit has evolved several times throughout its history that dates back to 1944 . When it was established in March 1944 the unit was designated VB-81 flying the SB2C Helldiver . It was redesignated VA-13A on 15 November 1946 . The unit was redesignated VA-134 on 2 August 1948 flying F-4U Corsairs , and redesignated VF-174 on 15 February 1950 . The Hellrazors received their final designation VA-174 on 1 July 1966 after becoming the first US Navy squadron to receive the A-7A Corsair II . It was the second squadron to bear the VA-174 designation , the first VA-174 was disestablished on 25 January 1950 . The squadron was disestablished on 30 June 1988 . The nickname Hell Razors was conceived by Walt Disney Studios , which also created the squadrons insignia , a caricature of an imaginary bat-like , razor-beaked creature from Hell , embodying the qualities of ferocity , determination , and a razor sharp skill in the use of aircraft and airborne weapons . World War II . VB-81 was established on 1 March 1944 and was deployed to the Pacific War aboard the aircraft carrier from November 1944 to February 1945 . Cold War ( 1946-1958 ) . VB-81 was redesignated VA-13A in November 1946 while the squadron was embarked on . In 1949 the squadron transferred to the East Coast . Arriving in Naval Air Station Jacksonville the squadron was redesignated to VA-134 and later VF-174 . Operating aboard the with Carrier Air Group Seventeen , VF-174 participated in operations Protex and Caribox from September 1950 to January 1951 . It returned to Jacksonville to transition to the F9F-6 Cougar and then made a short cruise to Guantanamo Bay in May and June 1951 aboard the . The Hellrazors were selected as the best fighter squadron in the Atlantic Fleet shortly before they embarked for a six-month Mediterranean Sea cruise in September 1951 aboard the . The squadron returned from the Mediterranean in February 1952 and participated in operations Mainbase and Long Step in July 1952 . In preparation for a globe-circling cruise , VF-174 deployed twice to Guantanamo Bay , Cuba for intensive gunnery training . Both time the squadron was cited for Outstanding Performance . After returning from their second Gitmo trip in early 1954 , the squadron moved to its present home at Naval Air Station Cecil Field and joined Carrier Air Group One . In late 1954 the became the first American carrier to visit the British port of Cape Town , South Africa . While in the Pacific the carrier operated with the Seventh Fleet near Formosa and VF-174 participated in the evacuation of the Tachen Island in December 1954 . Immediately after their return to Cecil Field in August 1955 , VF-174 transitioned to the FJ-3 FURY . The squadron operated with the new Furies for only a few months and then transitioned to the F9F-8 Cougar in early 1956 . With the new Cougars an attack syllabus was added to the normal fighter operations . Acting as both and attack and fighter squadron , the Hellrazors deployed to the Far East in October 1956 aboard the as a special weapons squadron with Air Task Group One Eighty One . The squadron returned to Cecil Field in May 1957 . In January 1958 , VF-174 transitioned to the F8U-1 Crusader and in March 1958 began training pilots in F8Us for Atlantic Fleet squadrons . Fleet Replacement Squadron ( 1958-1988 ) . On 1 May 1958 the squadron relinquished its seagoing role and was officially designated the Atlantic Fleet F8U replacement pilot training squadron . During the next eight years until 1 July 1966 , VF-174 excelled in all areas . The squadron evaluated the Mark IV Full Pressure Suit , the Delmar Missile and Gunnery Target System , and the two-seater TF-8A Crusader . The squadron assumed an all weather fighter capability with the arrival of the F8U-2N in November 1960 , and later trained French Navy Pilots in the plane . The squadron received the Aviation Safety Award in 1960 and again in 1962 , and the Delmar Target System Award for top efficiency in gunnery exercises in 1963 . VF-174 continued in this role until 1 July 1966 , when the squadron was redesignated Attack Squadron One Seven Four in preparation for its assignment to conduct the Fleet Introduction Program for the Navys newest light attack replacement pilots . The squadrons first A-7 Corsair II arrived on 13 October 1966 , flown by Cdr . D.S . Ross , the squadrons Commanding Officer . Vice Admiral C.T . Booth , Commander Naval Air Force , U.S . Atlantic Fleet , received the aircraft from Mr . W . Paul Thayer , president of Ling-Temco-Vought Aerospace , Inc . In January 1967 , the squadron assumed its new role of training light attack replacement pilots and completed training of the first Atlantic Fleet A-7A squadron VA-86 on 1 June 1967 . On September 1967 , VA-83 completed training and by 1 December 1967 , a third squadron , VA-37 , completed its transitioning . The squadron received its first A-7E in December 1969 , and transitioned the Atlantic Fleets first squadron VA-81 on 1 June 1970 . In addition to conducting squadron transition training , VA-174 continued to train all the replacement pilots and enlisted maintenance personnel who served in the Atlantic Fleet Light Attack Squadrons . As of 1 August 1971 , VA-174 had trained 535 pilots , 48 maintenance officers and 4815 enlisted maintenance personnel . VA-174 was the largest aviation squadron in the U.S . Navy . Commander John McCain was the Executive Officer and Commanding Officer of VA-174 in the mid-1970s . The squadron also had a permanent West Coast detachment ( VA-174Det ) which had their own squadron patch . First located at MCAS Yuma and later relocated to NAF El Centro . They would provide live fire training for the student pilots at the local bomb ranges . First with Mk 76 and later Mk 82 and Mk 84 bombs . This detachment was called the Desert Rats and consisted of about 100 maintenance personnel . The West Coast detachment of aircraft would last for about two weeks . When the squadron was decommissioned many of the El Centro personnel were sent to man a new A-6 detachment that was sent to El Centro . The squadron was disestablished on 30 June 1988 . There is currently a static display A-7A at NAF El Centro that bears the squadrons markings .

hard

What was the official name of Second VA-174 (U.S. Navy) in May 1947?

/wiki/Second_VA-174_(U.S._Navy)#P1448#1

Second VA-174 ( U.S . Navy ) Attack Squadron 174 ( VA-174 ) also known as the Hellrazors was a United States Navy attack squadron based at Naval Air Station Cecil Field , Florida , and were attached to Light Attack Wing One . It was commissioned from 1944 to 1988 . History . The unit has evolved several times throughout its history that dates back to 1944 . When it was established in March 1944 the unit was designated VB-81 flying the SB2C Helldiver . It was redesignated VA-13A on 15 November 1946 . The unit was redesignated VA-134 on 2 August 1948 flying F-4U Corsairs , and redesignated VF-174 on 15 February 1950 . The Hellrazors received their final designation VA-174 on 1 July 1966 after becoming the first US Navy squadron to receive the A-7A Corsair II . It was the second squadron to bear the VA-174 designation , the first VA-174 was disestablished on 25 January 1950 . The squadron was disestablished on 30 June 1988 . The nickname Hell Razors was conceived by Walt Disney Studios , which also created the squadrons insignia , a caricature of an imaginary bat-like , razor-beaked creature from Hell , embodying the qualities of ferocity , determination , and a razor sharp skill in the use of aircraft and airborne weapons . World War II . VB-81 was established on 1 March 1944 and was deployed to the Pacific War aboard the aircraft carrier from November 1944 to February 1945 . Cold War ( 1946-1958 ) . VB-81 was redesignated VA-13A in November 1946 while the squadron was embarked on . In 1949 the squadron transferred to the East Coast . Arriving in Naval Air Station Jacksonville the squadron was redesignated to VA-134 and later VF-174 . Operating aboard the with Carrier Air Group Seventeen , VF-174 participated in operations Protex and Caribox from September 1950 to January 1951 . It returned to Jacksonville to transition to the F9F-6 Cougar and then made a short cruise to Guantanamo Bay in May and June 1951 aboard the . The Hellrazors were selected as the best fighter squadron in the Atlantic Fleet shortly before they embarked for a six-month Mediterranean Sea cruise in September 1951 aboard the . The squadron returned from the Mediterranean in February 1952 and participated in operations Mainbase and Long Step in July 1952 . In preparation for a globe-circling cruise , VF-174 deployed twice to Guantanamo Bay , Cuba for intensive gunnery training . Both time the squadron was cited for Outstanding Performance . After returning from their second Gitmo trip in early 1954 , the squadron moved to its present home at Naval Air Station Cecil Field and joined Carrier Air Group One . In late 1954 the became the first American carrier to visit the British port of Cape Town , South Africa . While in the Pacific the carrier operated with the Seventh Fleet near Formosa and VF-174 participated in the evacuation of the Tachen Island in December 1954 . Immediately after their return to Cecil Field in August 1955 , VF-174 transitioned to the FJ-3 FURY . The squadron operated with the new Furies for only a few months and then transitioned to the F9F-8 Cougar in early 1956 . With the new Cougars an attack syllabus was added to the normal fighter operations . Acting as both and attack and fighter squadron , the Hellrazors deployed to the Far East in October 1956 aboard the as a special weapons squadron with Air Task Group One Eighty One . The squadron returned to Cecil Field in May 1957 . In January 1958 , VF-174 transitioned to the F8U-1 Crusader and in March 1958 began training pilots in F8Us for Atlantic Fleet squadrons . Fleet Replacement Squadron ( 1958-1988 ) . On 1 May 1958 the squadron relinquished its seagoing role and was officially designated the Atlantic Fleet F8U replacement pilot training squadron . During the next eight years until 1 July 1966 , VF-174 excelled in all areas . The squadron evaluated the Mark IV Full Pressure Suit , the Delmar Missile and Gunnery Target System , and the two-seater TF-8A Crusader . The squadron assumed an all weather fighter capability with the arrival of the F8U-2N in November 1960 , and later trained French Navy Pilots in the plane . The squadron received the Aviation Safety Award in 1960 and again in 1962 , and the Delmar Target System Award for top efficiency in gunnery exercises in 1963 . VF-174 continued in this role until 1 July 1966 , when the squadron was redesignated Attack Squadron One Seven Four in preparation for its assignment to conduct the Fleet Introduction Program for the Navys newest light attack replacement pilots . The squadrons first A-7 Corsair II arrived on 13 October 1966 , flown by Cdr . D.S . Ross , the squadrons Commanding Officer . Vice Admiral C.T . Booth , Commander Naval Air Force , U.S . Atlantic Fleet , received the aircraft from Mr . W . Paul Thayer , president of Ling-Temco-Vought Aerospace , Inc . In January 1967 , the squadron assumed its new role of training light attack replacement pilots and completed training of the first Atlantic Fleet A-7A squadron VA-86 on 1 June 1967 . On September 1967 , VA-83 completed training and by 1 December 1967 , a third squadron , VA-37 , completed its transitioning . The squadron received its first A-7E in December 1969 , and transitioned the Atlantic Fleets first squadron VA-81 on 1 June 1970 . In addition to conducting squadron transition training , VA-174 continued to train all the replacement pilots and enlisted maintenance personnel who served in the Atlantic Fleet Light Attack Squadrons . As of 1 August 1971 , VA-174 had trained 535 pilots , 48 maintenance officers and 4815 enlisted maintenance personnel . VA-174 was the largest aviation squadron in the U.S . Navy . Commander John McCain was the Executive Officer and Commanding Officer of VA-174 in the mid-1970s . The squadron also had a permanent West Coast detachment ( VA-174Det ) which had their own squadron patch . First located at MCAS Yuma and later relocated to NAF El Centro . They would provide live fire training for the student pilots at the local bomb ranges . First with Mk 76 and later Mk 82 and Mk 84 bombs . This detachment was called the Desert Rats and consisted of about 100 maintenance personnel . The West Coast detachment of aircraft would last for about two weeks . When the squadron was decommissioned many of the El Centro personnel were sent to man a new A-6 detachment that was sent to El Centro . The squadron was disestablished on 30 June 1988 . There is currently a static display A-7A at NAF El Centro that bears the squadrons markings .

hard

What was the official name of Second VA-174 (U.S. Navy) between Oct 1949 and Dec 1949?

/wiki/Second_VA-174_(U.S._Navy)#P1448#2

Second VA-174 ( U.S . Navy ) Attack Squadron 174 ( VA-174 ) also known as the Hellrazors was a United States Navy attack squadron based at Naval Air Station Cecil Field , Florida , and were attached to Light Attack Wing One . It was commissioned from 1944 to 1988 . History . The unit has evolved several times throughout its history that dates back to 1944 . When it was established in March 1944 the unit was designated VB-81 flying the SB2C Helldiver . It was redesignated VA-13A on 15 November 1946 . The unit was redesignated VA-134 on 2 August 1948 flying F-4U Corsairs , and redesignated VF-174 on 15 February 1950 . The Hellrazors received their final designation VA-174 on 1 July 1966 after becoming the first US Navy squadron to receive the A-7A Corsair II . It was the second squadron to bear the VA-174 designation , the first VA-174 was disestablished on 25 January 1950 . The squadron was disestablished on 30 June 1988 . The nickname Hell Razors was conceived by Walt Disney Studios , which also created the squadrons insignia , a caricature of an imaginary bat-like , razor-beaked creature from Hell , embodying the qualities of ferocity , determination , and a razor sharp skill in the use of aircraft and airborne weapons . World War II . VB-81 was established on 1 March 1944 and was deployed to the Pacific War aboard the aircraft carrier from November 1944 to February 1945 . Cold War ( 1946-1958 ) . VB-81 was redesignated VA-13A in November 1946 while the squadron was embarked on . In 1949 the squadron transferred to the East Coast . Arriving in Naval Air Station Jacksonville the squadron was redesignated to VA-134 and later VF-174 . Operating aboard the with Carrier Air Group Seventeen , VF-174 participated in operations Protex and Caribox from September 1950 to January 1951 . It returned to Jacksonville to transition to the F9F-6 Cougar and then made a short cruise to Guantanamo Bay in May and June 1951 aboard the . The Hellrazors were selected as the best fighter squadron in the Atlantic Fleet shortly before they embarked for a six-month Mediterranean Sea cruise in September 1951 aboard the . The squadron returned from the Mediterranean in February 1952 and participated in operations Mainbase and Long Step in July 1952 . In preparation for a globe-circling cruise , VF-174 deployed twice to Guantanamo Bay , Cuba for intensive gunnery training . Both time the squadron was cited for Outstanding Performance . After returning from their second Gitmo trip in early 1954 , the squadron moved to its present home at Naval Air Station Cecil Field and joined Carrier Air Group One . In late 1954 the became the first American carrier to visit the British port of Cape Town , South Africa . While in the Pacific the carrier operated with the Seventh Fleet near Formosa and VF-174 participated in the evacuation of the Tachen Island in December 1954 . Immediately after their return to Cecil Field in August 1955 , VF-174 transitioned to the FJ-3 FURY . The squadron operated with the new Furies for only a few months and then transitioned to the F9F-8 Cougar in early 1956 . With the new Cougars an attack syllabus was added to the normal fighter operations . Acting as both and attack and fighter squadron , the Hellrazors deployed to the Far East in October 1956 aboard the as a special weapons squadron with Air Task Group One Eighty One . The squadron returned to Cecil Field in May 1957 . In January 1958 , VF-174 transitioned to the F8U-1 Crusader and in March 1958 began training pilots in F8Us for Atlantic Fleet squadrons . Fleet Replacement Squadron ( 1958-1988 ) . On 1 May 1958 the squadron relinquished its seagoing role and was officially designated the Atlantic Fleet F8U replacement pilot training squadron . During the next eight years until 1 July 1966 , VF-174 excelled in all areas . The squadron evaluated the Mark IV Full Pressure Suit , the Delmar Missile and Gunnery Target System , and the two-seater TF-8A Crusader . The squadron assumed an all weather fighter capability with the arrival of the F8U-2N in November 1960 , and later trained French Navy Pilots in the plane . The squadron received the Aviation Safety Award in 1960 and again in 1962 , and the Delmar Target System Award for top efficiency in gunnery exercises in 1963 . VF-174 continued in this role until 1 July 1966 , when the squadron was redesignated Attack Squadron One Seven Four in preparation for its assignment to conduct the Fleet Introduction Program for the Navys newest light attack replacement pilots . The squadrons first A-7 Corsair II arrived on 13 October 1966 , flown by Cdr . D.S . Ross , the squadrons Commanding Officer . Vice Admiral C.T . Booth , Commander Naval Air Force , U.S . Atlantic Fleet , received the aircraft from Mr . W . Paul Thayer , president of Ling-Temco-Vought Aerospace , Inc . In January 1967 , the squadron assumed its new role of training light attack replacement pilots and completed training of the first Atlantic Fleet A-7A squadron VA-86 on 1 June 1967 . On September 1967 , VA-83 completed training and by 1 December 1967 , a third squadron , VA-37 , completed its transitioning . The squadron received its first A-7E in December 1969 , and transitioned the Atlantic Fleets first squadron VA-81 on 1 June 1970 . In addition to conducting squadron transition training , VA-174 continued to train all the replacement pilots and enlisted maintenance personnel who served in the Atlantic Fleet Light Attack Squadrons . As of 1 August 1971 , VA-174 had trained 535 pilots , 48 maintenance officers and 4815 enlisted maintenance personnel . VA-174 was the largest aviation squadron in the U.S . Navy . Commander John McCain was the Executive Officer and Commanding Officer of VA-174 in the mid-1970s . The squadron also had a permanent West Coast detachment ( VA-174Det ) which had their own squadron patch . First located at MCAS Yuma and later relocated to NAF El Centro . They would provide live fire training for the student pilots at the local bomb ranges . First with Mk 76 and later Mk 82 and Mk 84 bombs . This detachment was called the Desert Rats and consisted of about 100 maintenance personnel . The West Coast detachment of aircraft would last for about two weeks . When the squadron was decommissioned many of the El Centro personnel were sent to man a new A-6 detachment that was sent to El Centro . The squadron was disestablished on 30 June 1988 . There is currently a static display A-7A at NAF El Centro that bears the squadrons markings .

hard

What was the official name of Second VA-174 (U.S. Navy) in Jan 1951?

/wiki/Second_VA-174_(U.S._Navy)#P1448#3

Second VA-174 ( U.S . Navy ) Attack Squadron 174 ( VA-174 ) also known as the Hellrazors was a United States Navy attack squadron based at Naval Air Station Cecil Field , Florida , and were attached to Light Attack Wing One . It was commissioned from 1944 to 1988 . History . The unit has evolved several times throughout its history that dates back to 1944 . When it was established in March 1944 the unit was designated VB-81 flying the SB2C Helldiver . It was redesignated VA-13A on 15 November 1946 . The unit was redesignated VA-134 on 2 August 1948 flying F-4U Corsairs , and redesignated VF-174 on 15 February 1950 . The Hellrazors received their final designation VA-174 on 1 July 1966 after becoming the first US Navy squadron to receive the A-7A Corsair II . It was the second squadron to bear the VA-174 designation , the first VA-174 was disestablished on 25 January 1950 . The squadron was disestablished on 30 June 1988 . The nickname Hell Razors was conceived by Walt Disney Studios , which also created the squadrons insignia , a caricature of an imaginary bat-like , razor-beaked creature from Hell , embodying the qualities of ferocity , determination , and a razor sharp skill in the use of aircraft and airborne weapons . World War II . VB-81 was established on 1 March 1944 and was deployed to the Pacific War aboard the aircraft carrier from November 1944 to February 1945 . Cold War ( 1946-1958 ) . VB-81 was redesignated VA-13A in November 1946 while the squadron was embarked on . In 1949 the squadron transferred to the East Coast . Arriving in Naval Air Station Jacksonville the squadron was redesignated to VA-134 and later VF-174 . Operating aboard the with Carrier Air Group Seventeen , VF-174 participated in operations Protex and Caribox from September 1950 to January 1951 . It returned to Jacksonville to transition to the F9F-6 Cougar and then made a short cruise to Guantanamo Bay in May and June 1951 aboard the . The Hellrazors were selected as the best fighter squadron in the Atlantic Fleet shortly before they embarked for a six-month Mediterranean Sea cruise in September 1951 aboard the . The squadron returned from the Mediterranean in February 1952 and participated in operations Mainbase and Long Step in July 1952 . In preparation for a globe-circling cruise , VF-174 deployed twice to Guantanamo Bay , Cuba for intensive gunnery training . Both time the squadron was cited for Outstanding Performance . After returning from their second Gitmo trip in early 1954 , the squadron moved to its present home at Naval Air Station Cecil Field and joined Carrier Air Group One . In late 1954 the became the first American carrier to visit the British port of Cape Town , South Africa . While in the Pacific the carrier operated with the Seventh Fleet near Formosa and VF-174 participated in the evacuation of the Tachen Island in December 1954 . Immediately after their return to Cecil Field in August 1955 , VF-174 transitioned to the FJ-3 FURY . The squadron operated with the new Furies for only a few months and then transitioned to the F9F-8 Cougar in early 1956 . With the new Cougars an attack syllabus was added to the normal fighter operations . Acting as both and attack and fighter squadron , the Hellrazors deployed to the Far East in October 1956 aboard the as a special weapons squadron with Air Task Group One Eighty One . The squadron returned to Cecil Field in May 1957 . In January 1958 , VF-174 transitioned to the F8U-1 Crusader and in March 1958 began training pilots in F8Us for Atlantic Fleet squadrons . Fleet Replacement Squadron ( 1958-1988 ) . On 1 May 1958 the squadron relinquished its seagoing role and was officially designated the Atlantic Fleet F8U replacement pilot training squadron . During the next eight years until 1 July 1966 , VF-174 excelled in all areas . The squadron evaluated the Mark IV Full Pressure Suit , the Delmar Missile and Gunnery Target System , and the two-seater TF-8A Crusader . The squadron assumed an all weather fighter capability with the arrival of the F8U-2N in November 1960 , and later trained French Navy Pilots in the plane . The squadron received the Aviation Safety Award in 1960 and again in 1962 , and the Delmar Target System Award for top efficiency in gunnery exercises in 1963 . VF-174 continued in this role until 1 July 1966 , when the squadron was redesignated Attack Squadron One Seven Four in preparation for its assignment to conduct the Fleet Introduction Program for the Navys newest light attack replacement pilots . The squadrons first A-7 Corsair II arrived on 13 October 1966 , flown by Cdr . D.S . Ross , the squadrons Commanding Officer . Vice Admiral C.T . Booth , Commander Naval Air Force , U.S . Atlantic Fleet , received the aircraft from Mr . W . Paul Thayer , president of Ling-Temco-Vought Aerospace , Inc . In January 1967 , the squadron assumed its new role of training light attack replacement pilots and completed training of the first Atlantic Fleet A-7A squadron VA-86 on 1 June 1967 . On September 1967 , VA-83 completed training and by 1 December 1967 , a third squadron , VA-37 , completed its transitioning . The squadron received its first A-7E in December 1969 , and transitioned the Atlantic Fleets first squadron VA-81 on 1 June 1970 . In addition to conducting squadron transition training , VA-174 continued to train all the replacement pilots and enlisted maintenance personnel who served in the Atlantic Fleet Light Attack Squadrons . As of 1 August 1971 , VA-174 had trained 535 pilots , 48 maintenance officers and 4815 enlisted maintenance personnel . VA-174 was the largest aviation squadron in the U.S . Navy . Commander John McCain was the Executive Officer and Commanding Officer of VA-174 in the mid-1970s . The squadron also had a permanent West Coast detachment ( VA-174Det ) which had their own squadron patch . First located at MCAS Yuma and later relocated to NAF El Centro . They would provide live fire training for the student pilots at the local bomb ranges . First with Mk 76 and later Mk 82 and Mk 84 bombs . This detachment was called the Desert Rats and consisted of about 100 maintenance personnel . The West Coast detachment of aircraft would last for about two weeks . When the squadron was decommissioned many of the El Centro personnel were sent to man a new A-6 detachment that was sent to El Centro . The squadron was disestablished on 30 June 1988 . There is currently a static display A-7A at NAF El Centro that bears the squadrons markings .

hard

What was the official name of Second VA-174 (U.S. Navy) in late 1960s?

/wiki/Second_VA-174_(U.S._Navy)#P1448#4

Second VA-174 ( U.S . Navy ) Attack Squadron 174 ( VA-174 ) also known as the Hellrazors was a United States Navy attack squadron based at Naval Air Station Cecil Field , Florida , and were attached to Light Attack Wing One . It was commissioned from 1944 to 1988 . History . The unit has evolved several times throughout its history that dates back to 1944 . When it was established in March 1944 the unit was designated VB-81 flying the SB2C Helldiver . It was redesignated VA-13A on 15 November 1946 . The unit was redesignated VA-134 on 2 August 1948 flying F-4U Corsairs , and redesignated VF-174 on 15 February 1950 . The Hellrazors received their final designation VA-174 on 1 July 1966 after becoming the first US Navy squadron to receive the A-7A Corsair II . It was the second squadron to bear the VA-174 designation , the first VA-174 was disestablished on 25 January 1950 . The squadron was disestablished on 30 June 1988 . The nickname Hell Razors was conceived by Walt Disney Studios , which also created the squadrons insignia , a caricature of an imaginary bat-like , razor-beaked creature from Hell , embodying the qualities of ferocity , determination , and a razor sharp skill in the use of aircraft and airborne weapons . World War II . VB-81 was established on 1 March 1944 and was deployed to the Pacific War aboard the aircraft carrier from November 1944 to February 1945 . Cold War ( 1946-1958 ) . VB-81 was redesignated VA-13A in November 1946 while the squadron was embarked on . In 1949 the squadron transferred to the East Coast . Arriving in Naval Air Station Jacksonville the squadron was redesignated to VA-134 and later VF-174 . Operating aboard the with Carrier Air Group Seventeen , VF-174 participated in operations Protex and Caribox from September 1950 to January 1951 . It returned to Jacksonville to transition to the F9F-6 Cougar and then made a short cruise to Guantanamo Bay in May and June 1951 aboard the . The Hellrazors were selected as the best fighter squadron in the Atlantic Fleet shortly before they embarked for a six-month Mediterranean Sea cruise in September 1951 aboard the . The squadron returned from the Mediterranean in February 1952 and participated in operations Mainbase and Long Step in July 1952 . In preparation for a globe-circling cruise , VF-174 deployed twice to Guantanamo Bay , Cuba for intensive gunnery training . Both time the squadron was cited for Outstanding Performance . After returning from their second Gitmo trip in early 1954 , the squadron moved to its present home at Naval Air Station Cecil Field and joined Carrier Air Group One . In late 1954 the became the first American carrier to visit the British port of Cape Town , South Africa . While in the Pacific the carrier operated with the Seventh Fleet near Formosa and VF-174 participated in the evacuation of the Tachen Island in December 1954 . Immediately after their return to Cecil Field in August 1955 , VF-174 transitioned to the FJ-3 FURY . The squadron operated with the new Furies for only a few months and then transitioned to the F9F-8 Cougar in early 1956 . With the new Cougars an attack syllabus was added to the normal fighter operations . Acting as both and attack and fighter squadron , the Hellrazors deployed to the Far East in October 1956 aboard the as a special weapons squadron with Air Task Group One Eighty One . The squadron returned to Cecil Field in May 1957 . In January 1958 , VF-174 transitioned to the F8U-1 Crusader and in March 1958 began training pilots in F8Us for Atlantic Fleet squadrons . Fleet Replacement Squadron ( 1958-1988 ) . On 1 May 1958 the squadron relinquished its seagoing role and was officially designated the Atlantic Fleet F8U replacement pilot training squadron . During the next eight years until 1 July 1966 , VF-174 excelled in all areas . The squadron evaluated the Mark IV Full Pressure Suit , the Delmar Missile and Gunnery Target System , and the two-seater TF-8A Crusader . The squadron assumed an all weather fighter capability with the arrival of the F8U-2N in November 1960 , and later trained French Navy Pilots in the plane . The squadron received the Aviation Safety Award in 1960 and again in 1962 , and the Delmar Target System Award for top efficiency in gunnery exercises in 1963 . VF-174 continued in this role until 1 July 1966 , when the squadron was redesignated Attack Squadron One Seven Four in preparation for its assignment to conduct the Fleet Introduction Program for the Navys newest light attack replacement pilots . The squadrons first A-7 Corsair II arrived on 13 October 1966 , flown by Cdr . D.S . Ross , the squadrons Commanding Officer . Vice Admiral C.T . Booth , Commander Naval Air Force , U.S . Atlantic Fleet , received the aircraft from Mr . W . Paul Thayer , president of Ling-Temco-Vought Aerospace , Inc . In January 1967 , the squadron assumed its new role of training light attack replacement pilots and completed training of the first Atlantic Fleet A-7A squadron VA-86 on 1 June 1967 . On September 1967 , VA-83 completed training and by 1 December 1967 , a third squadron , VA-37 , completed its transitioning . The squadron received its first A-7E in December 1969 , and transitioned the Atlantic Fleets first squadron VA-81 on 1 June 1970 . In addition to conducting squadron transition training , VA-174 continued to train all the replacement pilots and enlisted maintenance personnel who served in the Atlantic Fleet Light Attack Squadrons . As of 1 August 1971 , VA-174 had trained 535 pilots , 48 maintenance officers and 4815 enlisted maintenance personnel . VA-174 was the largest aviation squadron in the U.S . Navy . Commander John McCain was the Executive Officer and Commanding Officer of VA-174 in the mid-1970s . The squadron also had a permanent West Coast detachment ( VA-174Det ) which had their own squadron patch . First located at MCAS Yuma and later relocated to NAF El Centro . They would provide live fire training for the student pilots at the local bomb ranges . First with Mk 76 and later Mk 82 and Mk 84 bombs . This detachment was called the Desert Rats and consisted of about 100 maintenance personnel . The West Coast detachment of aircraft would last for about two weeks . When the squadron was decommissioned many of the El Centro personnel were sent to man a new A-6 detachment that was sent to El Centro . The squadron was disestablished on 30 June 1988 . There is currently a static display A-7A at NAF El Centro that bears the squadrons markings .

hard

Where was Joseph Cao educated between Jul 1989 and Sep 1989?

/wiki/Joseph_Cao#P69#0

Joseph Cao Ánh Quang Joseph Cao ( ; ; born March 13 , 1967 ) is a Vietnamese-American politician who was the U.S . Representative for from 2009 to 2011 . He is a member of the Republican Party . In April 2011 , Cao announced his candidacy for the office of Attorney General of Louisiana , but in September 2011 he pulled out of the race . The incumbent Buddy Caldwell ran unopposed for a second term . He is the first Vietnamese American and first native of Vietnam to serve in Congress . He is the first Republican since 1890 to be elected from his New Orleans-based district . In December 2015 , he announced that he would run for the open U.S . Senate seat being vacated by retiring fellow Republican David Vitter in 2016 . As Cao finished eleventh in the primary , he did not place high enough to advance to the general election . Early life and education . Ánh Quang Cao was born in South Vietnam in 1967 . His father , My Quang Cao ( 1930–2010 ) , was a lieutenant in the South Vietnamese Army . He was captured by the North Vietnamese Army in 1975 at the end of the Vietnam War . His mother , Khang Thi Tran ( born 1935 ) , did not immediately flee South Vietnam , but sent Anh Cao and two siblings to escape with their uncle . She stayed in the country with five of Caos siblings . She was allowed to visit her husband only five times during the seven years he was imprisoned in a Communist re-education camp . In 1975 Anh Cao was eight years old when his uncle and siblings arrived as refugees in the United States , where they were resettled in Houston , Texas . After being released in 1982 from prison camp , Caos father joined his family in Houston . He suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) and diabetes . Cao and his family were raised as Roman Catholics . He studied for several years after college to become a priest . He attended public schools and graduated from Jersey Village High School in Houston . He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in physics at Baylor University in Waco , Texas . He studied as a Jesuit seminarian for six years , but withdrew when he concluded that the ministry was not his calling . He earned a Master of Arts in philosophy from Fordham University in New York City , and in 2000 his J.D . from Loyola University School of Law in New Orleans . While in law school , Cao also taught undergraduate courses in philosophy at Loyola . Law practice . Cao used his legal training and experience in immigration issues . For a period he taught at a parochial school in Virginia . He volunteered at Boat People SOS ( BPSOS ) to assist Vietnamese refugees and immigrants and help organize Vietnamese-American communities in the state toward self-sufficiency . He served as a board member of BPSOS from September 1996 to March 2002 . After working with Waltzer & Associates , Cao opened his own law practice in New Orleans specializing in immigration law . Dismayed by the government response to the disaster following Hurricane Katrina , Cao became more involved in politics . He soon became involved in leading New Orleans East residents to oppose a landfill in their area . U.S . House of Representatives . Cao is the first Vietnamese American , as well as the first native of Vietnam , to serve in US Congress . He is the first Republican to serve in his district since 1890 . He defeated a congressman who had been indicted . His district has historically voted overwhelmingly Democratic , based on two different ethnic majorities during this period . Cao was the least affluent member of Louisianas delegation in Congress : as of 2009 his assets were no greater than $195,000 and his potential liabilities amounted to $215,000 , including student loans for himself and his wife . Cao was sworn into office on January 6 , 2009 , with his family and a group of Vietnamese-Americans in attendance . After the swearing-in by Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi , Jefferson Parish Judge Robert Murphy re-administered the oath in Caos new office . Despite the tardiness of the election date , Cao rapidly set up his office and staff and gained committee assignments for the 111th Congress . On March 24 , 2009 , 11 weeks to the day after he was sworn in as a new member , Cao delivered his first speech on the House floor : his statement supported a bill by California Democrat Linda Sánchez to express congressional support of Welcome Home Vietnam Veterans Day . In the speech , which was broadcast on C-SPAN , Cao said , of Vietnam War veterans , I am pleased that I , a direct beneficiary of their service , can take part .. . in this historic event . The bill passed . Caos speech had been written by his Legislative Director , A . Brooke Bennett . With the support of congressional Republicans who collectively had an entitlement to 40 percent of earmarks for federal projects , Cao worked to bring home the bacon for his district . His requested projects totaled $1.2 billion , approximately three times the average for the other six members of Louisianas U.S . House delegation . With the support of Louisianas Democratic United States Senator Mary Landrieu and lobbyist and former United States Representative Bob Livingston , several of these projects were approved by Congress . Livingston represented the adjoining 1st Congressional District from 1977 to 1998 . Cao expressed interest in environmental issues , saying in a meeting at Loyola University New Orleans on April 16 , 2009 : I recognize there is an issue of global warming that we have to address . Cao was invited to a White House reception on April 23 , 2009 . He presented President Obama with a letter requesting $490 million for post-Katrina restoration of New Orleans Charity Hospital . ( FEMA had offered $150 million ) . Cao also spoke with Vice President Joe Biden regarding the recovery of New Orleans . In June 2010 , Cao was one of only two Republicans to vote in favor of the DISCLOSE Act , intended to limit spending on political campaigns by corporations in the wake of the Supreme Courts decision in Citizens United v . Federal Election Commission . The bill requires added disclosure for political spending by corporations and prohibits some corporate political spending . In December 2010 , Cao was one of fifteen Republican House members to vote in favor of repealing the United States militarys Dont Ask , Dont Tell ban on openly gay service members . According to a 2011 survey by the National Journal , Cao was the most liberal Republican in the House . In 2009 , he was one of seven Republicans who voted to publicly rebuke Representative Joe Wilson , Republican of South Carolina , for his outburst of You lie ! against President Obama during an address before a joint session of Congress . Office . Cao hired former state representative Rosalind Peychaud , a Democrat , as his deputy chief of staff . The late date of Caos election meant that he inherited former Congressman William J . Jeffersons office , 2113 , in the Rayburn House Office Building , although he had no seniority in the House . Writing in the Times-Picayune , Jonathan Tilove observed the notability of 2113 in the Rayburn Building due to its being , as Jeffersons former location , the only congressional office ever raided by the FBI . By the middle of February 2009 , Cao had hired most of his staff . In April 2009 , Caos district staff moved into what was described as the first office in Kenner for a sitting congressman . The office was formerly a storeroom in Kenners Community Services Department at 624 Williams Boulevard ( LA 49 ) . Committee assignments . After confirmation by the House Republican Conference , Cao was assigned to the Homeland Security Committee and the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee . - Committee on Homeland Security - Subcommittee on Emergency Communications , Preparedness , and Response - Subcommittee on Management , Investigations , and Oversight - Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure - Subcommittee on Economic Development , Public Buildings and Emergency Management - Subcommittee on Railroads , Pipelines , and Hazardous Materials - Committee on Oversight and Government Reform - Subcommittee on Federal Workforce , Post Office , and the District of Columbia Caucuses . - Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus - American Engagement Caucus Interest in Congressional Black Caucus . From the outset of Caos congressional service , his relationship to the Congressional Black Caucus remained uncertain . George Mason University political scientist Michael K . Fauntroy described Caos expressed interest in joining as a very smart move . However , Cao was rebuffed by the Congressional Black Caucus in his attempt to join it despite representing a heavily black district . Cao told the Times-Picayune that President Obama should receive a letter grade of A for his first 100 days in office . Cao cited as his reason for such a high mark Obamas working with us in this whole recovery process ( in reference to Hurricane Katrina ) . Recall drive . Among the bills which came to the floor during Caos first days in Congress , Cao voted against the Obama Administrations stimulus package . Cao justified his votes on expressed dissatisfaction that his 2nd congressional district of Louisiana ranked dead last among the 435 congressional districts in outlays provided by the legislation even though the district was one of the most seriously damaged by hurricanes . Caos vote provoked a petition to recall him , which formally began on February 16 , 2009 . Louisiana Secretary of State Jay Dardenne and other Louisiana officials , as well as congressional analysts , perceived it as having little or no prospect of succeeding . Although the petition collected more than 13,000 signatures on the first day , it needed more than 100,000 within 180 days to fulfill Louisiana requirements . Congress has never removed , and has no constitutional provision to do , a member based on constituents recall . Several leaders of the recall campaign , specifically the Reverends Samuel Butler and Toris Young , claimed to have been supporters of Cao , though Cao and his campaign manager Bryan Wagner , a former member of the New Orleans City Council , said they had never met them . After Louisiana Attorney General Buddy Caldwell issued an opinion that the state cannot recall federal officials , Butler and Young announced that they would pursue the matter in the federal courts . Youngs ability to criticize Cao was mocked by Times-Picayune columnist James Gill because of Youngs 11 convictions for fraud and identity theft . On March 1 , 2009 , the Times-Picayune reported that Obama had tried to reach Cao on his cellphone prior to the vote on the stimulus package but was unsuccessful ; Cao acknowledged that Obama might have been persuasive with a concrete commitment to help the 2nd district and New Orleans . Cao stated that the Obama administrations $410 billion omnibus spending bill for the final 7 months of Fiscal Year 2009 ( ending September 30 , 2009 ) would provide important benefits for his 2nd Congressional District and became one of 16 Republicans voting in favor of that bill . Before the recall petition , a separate petition had been started to recall New Orleans City Councilwoman Stacy Head , who is white but represents a predominantly black constituency after defeating Jefferson protégé Renée Gill Pratt in 2006 . Head , a Democrat , supported Cao in the election on December 6 , 2008 . James Gill defended Heads support for Cao ( who is not white but Asian ) and asserted it was based not on race but that Jefferson .. . is morally unfit for any public office . The petition to recall Head failed to meet its statutory deadline . FEMA critic . On February 25 , 2009 , Cao grabbed headlines by announcing that his staff members were investigating the Federal Emergency Management Agency ( FEMA ) office in New Orleans . Cao , whose aversive relationship with the agency had started during his time as a community activist for victims of Hurricane Katrina , accused FEMA of a host of malfeasance charges , including widespread complaints of discrimination , sexual harassment , ethics violations , nepotism and cronyism . Cao conveyed his concerns to the Obama administrations Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano , who promised that we will obviously follow up . The next day Caos call for the resignation of Doug Whitmer , head of FEMAs New Orleans office , was bolstered by United States Senator Mary Landrieu , whereupon the story spread on CBS News . Popular reaction quickly pervaded New Orleans blogsites , one of them calling its discussion FEMA having a Cao . On February 27 , 2009 , acting FEMA Director Nancy L . Ward replaced Whitmer with Tony Russell , previously an administrator in FEMAs Denver office . Ward stripped Jim Stark of his immediate responsibilities for Louisianas FEMA district , leaving him as FEMA assistant administrator for Gulf Coast recovery . Cao had also been critical of John Connolly , FEMA chief for Gulf Coast public assistance , whom Stark cited as his source of information on how much public-assistance money FEMA should approve for local projects ( in a congressional hearing with Cao on February 25 , 2009 ) . Connolly was previously with FEMAs Philadelphia office , and Cao asked rhetorically , How many times has Philadelphia been hit by a hurricane ? On March 5 , 2009 , Cao joined Napolitano , Jindal , Housing and Urban Development Secretary Shaun Donovan , Louisiana Lieutenant Governor Mitch Landrieu , U.S . Representative Charlie Melancon , and other federal , state , and local officials on a tour of damaged areas in New Orleans , including the campus of Southern University at New Orleans ( SUNO ) , where the group was led by SUNO President Victor Ukpolo . Eleven days later , on March 16 , Cao again visited the SUNO campus , pledging full support of Ukpolos mission to rebuild the campus . The seguing event on Caos agenda during the same day was a fund-raising cocktail party at the home of bankers Stephen and Dana Hansel at which the admission contribution was $1000 a person and an unexpected guest was former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich who was en route to lead a discussion in James Carvilles political science class at Tulane University . The Times-Picayune , in an editorial on March 19 , 2009 , praised Ukpolo and Cao in their efforts to secure funding for restoration of SUNOs campus . Formation of American Engagement Caucus . In January 2010 , Cao partnered with Democratic Congressman Russ Carnahan of Missouri to create the American Engagement Caucus , its stated purpose being the promotion of a multilateral foreign policy in which the United States works closely with other countries to address global problems . As a joint editorial between the two congressmen stated , We live in an age of interdependence . Americas security , economic , environmental , and moral interests are inextricably linked with those of the international community . Simply put , it is in our vital national interest to support international engagement . Health care . Cao was the only Republican to vote for the draft Affordable Health Care for America Act ( H.R . 3962 ) on November 7 , 2009 . Yet Cao , because of concerns of alleged public funding for elective abortion provisions , joined the rest of his party in opposing the final version , the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act . Political campaigns . 2006 . Cao ran unsuccessfully as an independent for District 103 of the Louisiana House of Representatives . He was a delegate to the 2008 Republican National Convention during Hurricane Gustav , during which time his home was flooded . At the time of his election to Congress , Cao was a member of the Orleans Parish Board of Election Supervisors , appointed to the Board by Governor Bobby Jindal . 2008 . The situation , endorsements , campaign dynamics , and results gave the election significance far beyond the boundaries of the district . Incumbent U.S . Representative William J . Jefferson won the Democratic primaries in 2008 . Jefferson had weathered a major challenge in the Louisiana 2nd congressional district election , 2006 , overcoming allegations that he had inappropriately used members of a Louisiana Army National Guard unit to reach his home during the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina . In 2008 Jefferson also faced federal charges of bribery involving Nigerian business interests and was perceived as vulnerable , with only 25 percent of Democrats voting for him in the Democratic primary . Jefferson faced six African-American challengers , along with newscaster Helena Moreno . In a runoff primary , Jefferson defeated Moreno by 57 percent to 43 percent in a vote largely along racial lines . Unopposed for the Republican nomination , Cao ran against Jefferson , as did Green Party candidate Malik Rahim and Libertarian Party candidate Gregory Kahn . An earlier candidate , independent Jerry Jacobs , had withdrawn . Endorsements . On November 30 , the New Orleans Times-Picayune endorsed Cao in an editorial , while on its op-ed page columnist James Gill stated that Jeffersons reelection is not going to happen . The prospect of a serious general election in the heavily African-American and Democratic 2nd district was startling , as the last Republican to represent the district was Hamilton D . Coleman , who left office in 1891 . Caos candidacy received the endorsements of the Alliance for Good Government , the Family Research Councils Action PAC , Jefferson Parish Sheriff Newell Normand , Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal , Jacquelyn Brechtel Clarkson , Stacy Head , and singer/entertainer Pat Boone . In the final days of the campaign , Democrats Helena Moreno , who was defeated by Jefferson in the Democratic primary runoff election , and former District Attorney Harry Connick Sr . endorsed Cao and recorded telephone messages to be played to voters . New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin announced his support for Jefferson during the Democratic primary elections . The New Orleans Gambit Weekly , citing its opposition to Jeffersons alleged corruption and to Caos noncommittal statements on embryonic stem-cell research , made no endorsement . Campaign . At first , Jefferson , as indicated by The New York Times on the day after his winning the Democratic nomination , was heavily favored to win against any Republican challenger . The campaign was characterized by what Jeffersons campaign called overly negative tactics on behalf of Caos campaign by outside organizations , such as the National Republican Congressional Committee . References were made to Democratic Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosis removal of Jefferson from the House Ways and Means Committee and entailed what USA Today termed a barrage of automated telephone calls , including from a woman who identified herself as Katy and who cited Jeffersons federal indictment on 16 counts of corruption . In a meeting of African-American ministers , Reverend Samuel Butler claimed the reason was to disenfranchise African-American voters , which motivated Cao advisor and political mentor , former New Orleans City Council member Bryan Wagner to reply : with Rev . Butlers imagination , he may want to go to work for Walt Disney . On December 6 , the Times-Picayune reiterated its endorsement of Cao , pointing to President-elect Barack Obamas efforts on behalf of Democrat Paul Carmouche in the simultaneous election in Louisianas 4th congressional district and Obamas non-involvement in efforts to support Jefferson . Results . Unofficial results on the Louisiana Secretary of States web site showed Cao with 33,122 ( 49.55% ) , Jefferson 31,296 ( 46.82% ) , Kahn 548 ( 0.82% ) , and Rahim 1,880 ( 2.81% ) . Jefferson won by 23,197 to 20,246 in Orleans Parish , where 21 of the 392 precincts showed zero votes for Cao . Cao , however , more than made up the difference with a margin of 12,696 to the incumbents 8,099 in Jefferson Parish . A post-election map analysis by the Times-Picayune showed the election result as having depended on higher turnout in the precincts favorable to Cao . After speaking by telephone four days after the election , on December 31 , 2008 , Wednesday , Jefferson and Cao met cordially at the home of New Orleans Liberty Bank CEO Alden McDonald to discuss the transition . Significance . Politico.com declared Caos victory one of Americas Top 10 Political Upsets of 2008 . Cao became the first Vietnamese-American elected to Congress . Caos win made the 2nd District by far the most Democratic district in the nation to be represented by a Republican ; the district has a Cook Partisan Voting Index of D+28 . Obama carried the district with 74 percent of the vote , his 35th-best performance in the country and his fifth best in a Southern district . Caos victory over a tainted incumbent became a cause for celebration among many in Louisiana . Wrote Jeff Crouere in his column Ringside Politics , The victory strikes a major blow against the reputation of Louisiana as a corrupt state . House GOP members were particularly vocal in their glee over Caos defeat of the Democratic incumbent . Among many other statements , House minority leader John Boehner asserted Caos win was a symbol of our future in a memorandum with The Future Is Cao as its subject line . 2010 . Cao was thought to face nearly impossible odds for reelection due to the districts overwhelmingly Democratic nature . Indeed , many pundits likened him to Michael Patrick Flanagan , a former Republican congressman from Illinois . Flanagan ousted scandal-plagued House Ways and Means Committee chairman Dan Rostenkowski in 1994 , only to be roundly defeated for reelection after one term in his heavily Democratic Chicago-based district by future Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich . As expected , Cao lost his reelection bid in a landslide to Democratic State Representative Cedric Richmond , an African American . Other candidates included Independents Ron Austin , Anthony K . Marquize , and Jack Radosta . Cao had the support of several of New Orleans prominent Democrats , including Councilwoman Stacy Head , Assessor Erroll Williams , and State Representative Juan LaFonta ( who had lost the Democratic Partys nomination to Richmond ) , but the vote fell on racial lines . He was one of only two Republican House incumbents to lose reelection in 2010 . The other was Charles Djou of Hawaii , who also represented a strongly Democratic-leaning district . Proving just how Democratic the 2nd district still is , the Republicans only fielded nominal candidates in the district in 2012 and 2020 , and no Republican candidate even filed in 2014 , 2016 or 2018 . Political positions . Representative Joseph Cao is a moderate Republican . He is a grassroots activist and social progressive who believes in immigration reform , gay rights , and government services for the poor , who is also an adamantly pro-life Catholic that allied himself with the Republican Party . He says he considers himself a moderate , fiscally conservative Republican . The non-partisan National Journal gave him a composite score of 57% conservative and 43% liberal in 2010 . The American Conservative Union , a political action committee or PAC , gave Cao a lifetime score of 42% conservative . Americans for Democratic Action , a progressive PAC , gave him a 45% liberal quotient . Cao is more fiscally conservative . He voted against President Obamas proposed stimulus package in 2009 . He also voted against the Democratic-backed Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Act . He broke with his party by voting with Democrats in favor of the Affordable Health Care for America Act which included a public option for health care . However , Cao voted against the Affordable Care Act , colloquially called Obamacare , because of concerns about abortion . He had also been one of 29 Republicans who voted with Democrats in favor of the re-authorization of the Childrens Health Insurance Program . Cao was one of five House Republicans who voted with Democrats to repeal Dont Ask Dont Tell in May 2010 . He was one of 15 Republicans who joined Democrats and voted in favor of the final repeal of Dont Ask Dont Tell in December , 2010 . Electoral history . Louisiana State Representative , 103rd Representative District , 2007 Threshold > 50% U . S . Representative , 2nd Congressional District , 2008 U . S . Representative , 2nd Congressional District , 2010 Documentary . On January 3 , 2013 , the Public Broadcasting Service aired the documentary Mr . Cao Goes to Washington , directed by S . Leo Chiang . The film tracks Caos brief tenure in Washington , D.C. , as the first Vietnamese American elected to Congress . Personal life . Cao is married to Hieu Phuong Kate Hoang . The couple has two daughters and resides in New Orleans Venetian Isles neighborhood . Kate and Joseph met in 1998 at the Mary Queen of Vietnam Catholic Church in New Orleans East and the family has attended there since . After the 2008 election , Kate , an alumna of the Xavier University of Louisiana College of Pharmacy and a registered pharmacist , resigned from her position at a New Orleans Walgreens pharmacy . A devout Roman Catholic , Cao served as a board member for Mary Queen of Vietnam Catholic Churchs Community Development Corporation which assists Vietnamese-Americans with hurricane relief . Cao is a member of the National Advisory Council of the U.S . Conference of Catholic Bishops . Cao is also a member of the ReFormers Caucus of Issue One .

hard

Where was Joseph Cao educated in 1990?

/wiki/Joseph_Cao#P69#1

Joseph Cao Ánh Quang Joseph Cao ( ; ; born March 13 , 1967 ) is a Vietnamese-American politician who was the U.S . Representative for from 2009 to 2011 . He is a member of the Republican Party . In April 2011 , Cao announced his candidacy for the office of Attorney General of Louisiana , but in September 2011 he pulled out of the race . The incumbent Buddy Caldwell ran unopposed for a second term . He is the first Vietnamese American and first native of Vietnam to serve in Congress . He is the first Republican since 1890 to be elected from his New Orleans-based district . In December 2015 , he announced that he would run for the open U.S . Senate seat being vacated by retiring fellow Republican David Vitter in 2016 . As Cao finished eleventh in the primary , he did not place high enough to advance to the general election . Early life and education . Ánh Quang Cao was born in South Vietnam in 1967 . His father , My Quang Cao ( 1930–2010 ) , was a lieutenant in the South Vietnamese Army . He was captured by the North Vietnamese Army in 1975 at the end of the Vietnam War . His mother , Khang Thi Tran ( born 1935 ) , did not immediately flee South Vietnam , but sent Anh Cao and two siblings to escape with their uncle . She stayed in the country with five of Caos siblings . She was allowed to visit her husband only five times during the seven years he was imprisoned in a Communist re-education camp . In 1975 Anh Cao was eight years old when his uncle and siblings arrived as refugees in the United States , where they were resettled in Houston , Texas . After being released in 1982 from prison camp , Caos father joined his family in Houston . He suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) and diabetes . Cao and his family were raised as Roman Catholics . He studied for several years after college to become a priest . He attended public schools and graduated from Jersey Village High School in Houston . He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in physics at Baylor University in Waco , Texas . He studied as a Jesuit seminarian for six years , but withdrew when he concluded that the ministry was not his calling . He earned a Master of Arts in philosophy from Fordham University in New York City , and in 2000 his J.D . from Loyola University School of Law in New Orleans . While in law school , Cao also taught undergraduate courses in philosophy at Loyola . Law practice . Cao used his legal training and experience in immigration issues . For a period he taught at a parochial school in Virginia . He volunteered at Boat People SOS ( BPSOS ) to assist Vietnamese refugees and immigrants and help organize Vietnamese-American communities in the state toward self-sufficiency . He served as a board member of BPSOS from September 1996 to March 2002 . After working with Waltzer & Associates , Cao opened his own law practice in New Orleans specializing in immigration law . Dismayed by the government response to the disaster following Hurricane Katrina , Cao became more involved in politics . He soon became involved in leading New Orleans East residents to oppose a landfill in their area . U.S . House of Representatives . Cao is the first Vietnamese American , as well as the first native of Vietnam , to serve in US Congress . He is the first Republican to serve in his district since 1890 . He defeated a congressman who had been indicted . His district has historically voted overwhelmingly Democratic , based on two different ethnic majorities during this period . Cao was the least affluent member of Louisianas delegation in Congress : as of 2009 his assets were no greater than $195,000 and his potential liabilities amounted to $215,000 , including student loans for himself and his wife . Cao was sworn into office on January 6 , 2009 , with his family and a group of Vietnamese-Americans in attendance . After the swearing-in by Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi , Jefferson Parish Judge Robert Murphy re-administered the oath in Caos new office . Despite the tardiness of the election date , Cao rapidly set up his office and staff and gained committee assignments for the 111th Congress . On March 24 , 2009 , 11 weeks to the day after he was sworn in as a new member , Cao delivered his first speech on the House floor : his statement supported a bill by California Democrat Linda Sánchez to express congressional support of Welcome Home Vietnam Veterans Day . In the speech , which was broadcast on C-SPAN , Cao said , of Vietnam War veterans , I am pleased that I , a direct beneficiary of their service , can take part .. . in this historic event . The bill passed . Caos speech had been written by his Legislative Director , A . Brooke Bennett . With the support of congressional Republicans who collectively had an entitlement to 40 percent of earmarks for federal projects , Cao worked to bring home the bacon for his district . His requested projects totaled $1.2 billion , approximately three times the average for the other six members of Louisianas U.S . House delegation . With the support of Louisianas Democratic United States Senator Mary Landrieu and lobbyist and former United States Representative Bob Livingston , several of these projects were approved by Congress . Livingston represented the adjoining 1st Congressional District from 1977 to 1998 . Cao expressed interest in environmental issues , saying in a meeting at Loyola University New Orleans on April 16 , 2009 : I recognize there is an issue of global warming that we have to address . Cao was invited to a White House reception on April 23 , 2009 . He presented President Obama with a letter requesting $490 million for post-Katrina restoration of New Orleans Charity Hospital . ( FEMA had offered $150 million ) . Cao also spoke with Vice President Joe Biden regarding the recovery of New Orleans . In June 2010 , Cao was one of only two Republicans to vote in favor of the DISCLOSE Act , intended to limit spending on political campaigns by corporations in the wake of the Supreme Courts decision in Citizens United v . Federal Election Commission . The bill requires added disclosure for political spending by corporations and prohibits some corporate political spending . In December 2010 , Cao was one of fifteen Republican House members to vote in favor of repealing the United States militarys Dont Ask , Dont Tell ban on openly gay service members . According to a 2011 survey by the National Journal , Cao was the most liberal Republican in the House . In 2009 , he was one of seven Republicans who voted to publicly rebuke Representative Joe Wilson , Republican of South Carolina , for his outburst of You lie ! against President Obama during an address before a joint session of Congress . Office . Cao hired former state representative Rosalind Peychaud , a Democrat , as his deputy chief of staff . The late date of Caos election meant that he inherited former Congressman William J . Jeffersons office , 2113 , in the Rayburn House Office Building , although he had no seniority in the House . Writing in the Times-Picayune , Jonathan Tilove observed the notability of 2113 in the Rayburn Building due to its being , as Jeffersons former location , the only congressional office ever raided by the FBI . By the middle of February 2009 , Cao had hired most of his staff . In April 2009 , Caos district staff moved into what was described as the first office in Kenner for a sitting congressman . The office was formerly a storeroom in Kenners Community Services Department at 624 Williams Boulevard ( LA 49 ) . Committee assignments . After confirmation by the House Republican Conference , Cao was assigned to the Homeland Security Committee and the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee . - Committee on Homeland Security - Subcommittee on Emergency Communications , Preparedness , and Response - Subcommittee on Management , Investigations , and Oversight - Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure - Subcommittee on Economic Development , Public Buildings and Emergency Management - Subcommittee on Railroads , Pipelines , and Hazardous Materials - Committee on Oversight and Government Reform - Subcommittee on Federal Workforce , Post Office , and the District of Columbia Caucuses . - Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus - American Engagement Caucus Interest in Congressional Black Caucus . From the outset of Caos congressional service , his relationship to the Congressional Black Caucus remained uncertain . George Mason University political scientist Michael K . Fauntroy described Caos expressed interest in joining as a very smart move . However , Cao was rebuffed by the Congressional Black Caucus in his attempt to join it despite representing a heavily black district . Cao told the Times-Picayune that President Obama should receive a letter grade of A for his first 100 days in office . Cao cited as his reason for such a high mark Obamas working with us in this whole recovery process ( in reference to Hurricane Katrina ) . Recall drive . Among the bills which came to the floor during Caos first days in Congress , Cao voted against the Obama Administrations stimulus package . Cao justified his votes on expressed dissatisfaction that his 2nd congressional district of Louisiana ranked dead last among the 435 congressional districts in outlays provided by the legislation even though the district was one of the most seriously damaged by hurricanes . Caos vote provoked a petition to recall him , which formally began on February 16 , 2009 . Louisiana Secretary of State Jay Dardenne and other Louisiana officials , as well as congressional analysts , perceived it as having little or no prospect of succeeding . Although the petition collected more than 13,000 signatures on the first day , it needed more than 100,000 within 180 days to fulfill Louisiana requirements . Congress has never removed , and has no constitutional provision to do , a member based on constituents recall . Several leaders of the recall campaign , specifically the Reverends Samuel Butler and Toris Young , claimed to have been supporters of Cao , though Cao and his campaign manager Bryan Wagner , a former member of the New Orleans City Council , said they had never met them . After Louisiana Attorney General Buddy Caldwell issued an opinion that the state cannot recall federal officials , Butler and Young announced that they would pursue the matter in the federal courts . Youngs ability to criticize Cao was mocked by Times-Picayune columnist James Gill because of Youngs 11 convictions for fraud and identity theft . On March 1 , 2009 , the Times-Picayune reported that Obama had tried to reach Cao on his cellphone prior to the vote on the stimulus package but was unsuccessful ; Cao acknowledged that Obama might have been persuasive with a concrete commitment to help the 2nd district and New Orleans . Cao stated that the Obama administrations $410 billion omnibus spending bill for the final 7 months of Fiscal Year 2009 ( ending September 30 , 2009 ) would provide important benefits for his 2nd Congressional District and became one of 16 Republicans voting in favor of that bill . Before the recall petition , a separate petition had been started to recall New Orleans City Councilwoman Stacy Head , who is white but represents a predominantly black constituency after defeating Jefferson protégé Renée Gill Pratt in 2006 . Head , a Democrat , supported Cao in the election on December 6 , 2008 . James Gill defended Heads support for Cao ( who is not white but Asian ) and asserted it was based not on race but that Jefferson .. . is morally unfit for any public office . The petition to recall Head failed to meet its statutory deadline . FEMA critic . On February 25 , 2009 , Cao grabbed headlines by announcing that his staff members were investigating the Federal Emergency Management Agency ( FEMA ) office in New Orleans . Cao , whose aversive relationship with the agency had started during his time as a community activist for victims of Hurricane Katrina , accused FEMA of a host of malfeasance charges , including widespread complaints of discrimination , sexual harassment , ethics violations , nepotism and cronyism . Cao conveyed his concerns to the Obama administrations Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano , who promised that we will obviously follow up . The next day Caos call for the resignation of Doug Whitmer , head of FEMAs New Orleans office , was bolstered by United States Senator Mary Landrieu , whereupon the story spread on CBS News . Popular reaction quickly pervaded New Orleans blogsites , one of them calling its discussion FEMA having a Cao . On February 27 , 2009 , acting FEMA Director Nancy L . Ward replaced Whitmer with Tony Russell , previously an administrator in FEMAs Denver office . Ward stripped Jim Stark of his immediate responsibilities for Louisianas FEMA district , leaving him as FEMA assistant administrator for Gulf Coast recovery . Cao had also been critical of John Connolly , FEMA chief for Gulf Coast public assistance , whom Stark cited as his source of information on how much public-assistance money FEMA should approve for local projects ( in a congressional hearing with Cao on February 25 , 2009 ) . Connolly was previously with FEMAs Philadelphia office , and Cao asked rhetorically , How many times has Philadelphia been hit by a hurricane ? On March 5 , 2009 , Cao joined Napolitano , Jindal , Housing and Urban Development Secretary Shaun Donovan , Louisiana Lieutenant Governor Mitch Landrieu , U.S . Representative Charlie Melancon , and other federal , state , and local officials on a tour of damaged areas in New Orleans , including the campus of Southern University at New Orleans ( SUNO ) , where the group was led by SUNO President Victor Ukpolo . Eleven days later , on March 16 , Cao again visited the SUNO campus , pledging full support of Ukpolos mission to rebuild the campus . The seguing event on Caos agenda during the same day was a fund-raising cocktail party at the home of bankers Stephen and Dana Hansel at which the admission contribution was $1000 a person and an unexpected guest was former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich who was en route to lead a discussion in James Carvilles political science class at Tulane University . The Times-Picayune , in an editorial on March 19 , 2009 , praised Ukpolo and Cao in their efforts to secure funding for restoration of SUNOs campus . Formation of American Engagement Caucus . In January 2010 , Cao partnered with Democratic Congressman Russ Carnahan of Missouri to create the American Engagement Caucus , its stated purpose being the promotion of a multilateral foreign policy in which the United States works closely with other countries to address global problems . As a joint editorial between the two congressmen stated , We live in an age of interdependence . Americas security , economic , environmental , and moral interests are inextricably linked with those of the international community . Simply put , it is in our vital national interest to support international engagement . Health care . Cao was the only Republican to vote for the draft Affordable Health Care for America Act ( H.R . 3962 ) on November 7 , 2009 . Yet Cao , because of concerns of alleged public funding for elective abortion provisions , joined the rest of his party in opposing the final version , the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act . Political campaigns . 2006 . Cao ran unsuccessfully as an independent for District 103 of the Louisiana House of Representatives . He was a delegate to the 2008 Republican National Convention during Hurricane Gustav , during which time his home was flooded . At the time of his election to Congress , Cao was a member of the Orleans Parish Board of Election Supervisors , appointed to the Board by Governor Bobby Jindal . 2008 . The situation , endorsements , campaign dynamics , and results gave the election significance far beyond the boundaries of the district . Incumbent U.S . Representative William J . Jefferson won the Democratic primaries in 2008 . Jefferson had weathered a major challenge in the Louisiana 2nd congressional district election , 2006 , overcoming allegations that he had inappropriately used members of a Louisiana Army National Guard unit to reach his home during the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina . In 2008 Jefferson also faced federal charges of bribery involving Nigerian business interests and was perceived as vulnerable , with only 25 percent of Democrats voting for him in the Democratic primary . Jefferson faced six African-American challengers , along with newscaster Helena Moreno . In a runoff primary , Jefferson defeated Moreno by 57 percent to 43 percent in a vote largely along racial lines . Unopposed for the Republican nomination , Cao ran against Jefferson , as did Green Party candidate Malik Rahim and Libertarian Party candidate Gregory Kahn . An earlier candidate , independent Jerry Jacobs , had withdrawn . Endorsements . On November 30 , the New Orleans Times-Picayune endorsed Cao in an editorial , while on its op-ed page columnist James Gill stated that Jeffersons reelection is not going to happen . The prospect of a serious general election in the heavily African-American and Democratic 2nd district was startling , as the last Republican to represent the district was Hamilton D . Coleman , who left office in 1891 . Caos candidacy received the endorsements of the Alliance for Good Government , the Family Research Councils Action PAC , Jefferson Parish Sheriff Newell Normand , Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal , Jacquelyn Brechtel Clarkson , Stacy Head , and singer/entertainer Pat Boone . In the final days of the campaign , Democrats Helena Moreno , who was defeated by Jefferson in the Democratic primary runoff election , and former District Attorney Harry Connick Sr . endorsed Cao and recorded telephone messages to be played to voters . New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin announced his support for Jefferson during the Democratic primary elections . The New Orleans Gambit Weekly , citing its opposition to Jeffersons alleged corruption and to Caos noncommittal statements on embryonic stem-cell research , made no endorsement . Campaign . At first , Jefferson , as indicated by The New York Times on the day after his winning the Democratic nomination , was heavily favored to win against any Republican challenger . The campaign was characterized by what Jeffersons campaign called overly negative tactics on behalf of Caos campaign by outside organizations , such as the National Republican Congressional Committee . References were made to Democratic Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosis removal of Jefferson from the House Ways and Means Committee and entailed what USA Today termed a barrage of automated telephone calls , including from a woman who identified herself as Katy and who cited Jeffersons federal indictment on 16 counts of corruption . In a meeting of African-American ministers , Reverend Samuel Butler claimed the reason was to disenfranchise African-American voters , which motivated Cao advisor and political mentor , former New Orleans City Council member Bryan Wagner to reply : with Rev . Butlers imagination , he may want to go to work for Walt Disney . On December 6 , the Times-Picayune reiterated its endorsement of Cao , pointing to President-elect Barack Obamas efforts on behalf of Democrat Paul Carmouche in the simultaneous election in Louisianas 4th congressional district and Obamas non-involvement in efforts to support Jefferson . Results . Unofficial results on the Louisiana Secretary of States web site showed Cao with 33,122 ( 49.55% ) , Jefferson 31,296 ( 46.82% ) , Kahn 548 ( 0.82% ) , and Rahim 1,880 ( 2.81% ) . Jefferson won by 23,197 to 20,246 in Orleans Parish , where 21 of the 392 precincts showed zero votes for Cao . Cao , however , more than made up the difference with a margin of 12,696 to the incumbents 8,099 in Jefferson Parish . A post-election map analysis by the Times-Picayune showed the election result as having depended on higher turnout in the precincts favorable to Cao . After speaking by telephone four days after the election , on December 31 , 2008 , Wednesday , Jefferson and Cao met cordially at the home of New Orleans Liberty Bank CEO Alden McDonald to discuss the transition . Significance . Politico.com declared Caos victory one of Americas Top 10 Political Upsets of 2008 . Cao became the first Vietnamese-American elected to Congress . Caos win made the 2nd District by far the most Democratic district in the nation to be represented by a Republican ; the district has a Cook Partisan Voting Index of D+28 . Obama carried the district with 74 percent of the vote , his 35th-best performance in the country and his fifth best in a Southern district . Caos victory over a tainted incumbent became a cause for celebration among many in Louisiana . Wrote Jeff Crouere in his column Ringside Politics , The victory strikes a major blow against the reputation of Louisiana as a corrupt state . House GOP members were particularly vocal in their glee over Caos defeat of the Democratic incumbent . Among many other statements , House minority leader John Boehner asserted Caos win was a symbol of our future in a memorandum with The Future Is Cao as its subject line . 2010 . Cao was thought to face nearly impossible odds for reelection due to the districts overwhelmingly Democratic nature . Indeed , many pundits likened him to Michael Patrick Flanagan , a former Republican congressman from Illinois . Flanagan ousted scandal-plagued House Ways and Means Committee chairman Dan Rostenkowski in 1994 , only to be roundly defeated for reelection after one term in his heavily Democratic Chicago-based district by future Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich . As expected , Cao lost his reelection bid in a landslide to Democratic State Representative Cedric Richmond , an African American . Other candidates included Independents Ron Austin , Anthony K . Marquize , and Jack Radosta . Cao had the support of several of New Orleans prominent Democrats , including Councilwoman Stacy Head , Assessor Erroll Williams , and State Representative Juan LaFonta ( who had lost the Democratic Partys nomination to Richmond ) , but the vote fell on racial lines . He was one of only two Republican House incumbents to lose reelection in 2010 . The other was Charles Djou of Hawaii , who also represented a strongly Democratic-leaning district . Proving just how Democratic the 2nd district still is , the Republicans only fielded nominal candidates in the district in 2012 and 2020 , and no Republican candidate even filed in 2014 , 2016 or 2018 . Political positions . Representative Joseph Cao is a moderate Republican . He is a grassroots activist and social progressive who believes in immigration reform , gay rights , and government services for the poor , who is also an adamantly pro-life Catholic that allied himself with the Republican Party . He says he considers himself a moderate , fiscally conservative Republican . The non-partisan National Journal gave him a composite score of 57% conservative and 43% liberal in 2010 . The American Conservative Union , a political action committee or PAC , gave Cao a lifetime score of 42% conservative . Americans for Democratic Action , a progressive PAC , gave him a 45% liberal quotient . Cao is more fiscally conservative . He voted against President Obamas proposed stimulus package in 2009 . He also voted against the Democratic-backed Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Act . He broke with his party by voting with Democrats in favor of the Affordable Health Care for America Act which included a public option for health care . However , Cao voted against the Affordable Care Act , colloquially called Obamacare , because of concerns about abortion . He had also been one of 29 Republicans who voted with Democrats in favor of the re-authorization of the Childrens Health Insurance Program . Cao was one of five House Republicans who voted with Democrats to repeal Dont Ask Dont Tell in May 2010 . He was one of 15 Republicans who joined Democrats and voted in favor of the final repeal of Dont Ask Dont Tell in December , 2010 . Electoral history . Louisiana State Representative , 103rd Representative District , 2007 Threshold > 50% U . S . Representative , 2nd Congressional District , 2008 U . S . Representative , 2nd Congressional District , 2010 Documentary . On January 3 , 2013 , the Public Broadcasting Service aired the documentary Mr . Cao Goes to Washington , directed by S . Leo Chiang . The film tracks Caos brief tenure in Washington , D.C. , as the first Vietnamese American elected to Congress . Personal life . Cao is married to Hieu Phuong Kate Hoang . The couple has two daughters and resides in New Orleans Venetian Isles neighborhood . Kate and Joseph met in 1998 at the Mary Queen of Vietnam Catholic Church in New Orleans East and the family has attended there since . After the 2008 election , Kate , an alumna of the Xavier University of Louisiana College of Pharmacy and a registered pharmacist , resigned from her position at a New Orleans Walgreens pharmacy . A devout Roman Catholic , Cao served as a board member for Mary Queen of Vietnam Catholic Churchs Community Development Corporation which assists Vietnamese-Americans with hurricane relief . Cao is a member of the National Advisory Council of the U.S . Conference of Catholic Bishops . Cao is also a member of the ReFormers Caucus of Issue One .

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Where was Joseph Cao educated after May 1995?

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Joseph Cao Ánh Quang Joseph Cao ( ; ; born March 13 , 1967 ) is a Vietnamese-American politician who was the U.S . Representative for from 2009 to 2011 . He is a member of the Republican Party . In April 2011 , Cao announced his candidacy for the office of Attorney General of Louisiana , but in September 2011 he pulled out of the race . The incumbent Buddy Caldwell ran unopposed for a second term . He is the first Vietnamese American and first native of Vietnam to serve in Congress . He is the first Republican since 1890 to be elected from his New Orleans-based district . In December 2015 , he announced that he would run for the open U.S . Senate seat being vacated by retiring fellow Republican David Vitter in 2016 . As Cao finished eleventh in the primary , he did not place high enough to advance to the general election . Early life and education . Ánh Quang Cao was born in South Vietnam in 1967 . His father , My Quang Cao ( 1930–2010 ) , was a lieutenant in the South Vietnamese Army . He was captured by the North Vietnamese Army in 1975 at the end of the Vietnam War . His mother , Khang Thi Tran ( born 1935 ) , did not immediately flee South Vietnam , but sent Anh Cao and two siblings to escape with their uncle . She stayed in the country with five of Caos siblings . She was allowed to visit her husband only five times during the seven years he was imprisoned in a Communist re-education camp . In 1975 Anh Cao was eight years old when his uncle and siblings arrived as refugees in the United States , where they were resettled in Houston , Texas . After being released in 1982 from prison camp , Caos father joined his family in Houston . He suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) and diabetes . Cao and his family were raised as Roman Catholics . He studied for several years after college to become a priest . He attended public schools and graduated from Jersey Village High School in Houston . He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in physics at Baylor University in Waco , Texas . He studied as a Jesuit seminarian for six years , but withdrew when he concluded that the ministry was not his calling . He earned a Master of Arts in philosophy from Fordham University in New York City , and in 2000 his J.D . from Loyola University School of Law in New Orleans . While in law school , Cao also taught undergraduate courses in philosophy at Loyola . Law practice . Cao used his legal training and experience in immigration issues . For a period he taught at a parochial school in Virginia . He volunteered at Boat People SOS ( BPSOS ) to assist Vietnamese refugees and immigrants and help organize Vietnamese-American communities in the state toward self-sufficiency . He served as a board member of BPSOS from September 1996 to March 2002 . After working with Waltzer & Associates , Cao opened his own law practice in New Orleans specializing in immigration law . Dismayed by the government response to the disaster following Hurricane Katrina , Cao became more involved in politics . He soon became involved in leading New Orleans East residents to oppose a landfill in their area . U.S . House of Representatives . Cao is the first Vietnamese American , as well as the first native of Vietnam , to serve in US Congress . He is the first Republican to serve in his district since 1890 . He defeated a congressman who had been indicted . His district has historically voted overwhelmingly Democratic , based on two different ethnic majorities during this period . Cao was the least affluent member of Louisianas delegation in Congress : as of 2009 his assets were no greater than $195,000 and his potential liabilities amounted to $215,000 , including student loans for himself and his wife . Cao was sworn into office on January 6 , 2009 , with his family and a group of Vietnamese-Americans in attendance . After the swearing-in by Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi , Jefferson Parish Judge Robert Murphy re-administered the oath in Caos new office . Despite the tardiness of the election date , Cao rapidly set up his office and staff and gained committee assignments for the 111th Congress . On March 24 , 2009 , 11 weeks to the day after he was sworn in as a new member , Cao delivered his first speech on the House floor : his statement supported a bill by California Democrat Linda Sánchez to express congressional support of Welcome Home Vietnam Veterans Day . In the speech , which was broadcast on C-SPAN , Cao said , of Vietnam War veterans , I am pleased that I , a direct beneficiary of their service , can take part .. . in this historic event . The bill passed . Caos speech had been written by his Legislative Director , A . Brooke Bennett . With the support of congressional Republicans who collectively had an entitlement to 40 percent of earmarks for federal projects , Cao worked to bring home the bacon for his district . His requested projects totaled $1.2 billion , approximately three times the average for the other six members of Louisianas U.S . House delegation . With the support of Louisianas Democratic United States Senator Mary Landrieu and lobbyist and former United States Representative Bob Livingston , several of these projects were approved by Congress . Livingston represented the adjoining 1st Congressional District from 1977 to 1998 . Cao expressed interest in environmental issues , saying in a meeting at Loyola University New Orleans on April 16 , 2009 : I recognize there is an issue of global warming that we have to address . Cao was invited to a White House reception on April 23 , 2009 . He presented President Obama with a letter requesting $490 million for post-Katrina restoration of New Orleans Charity Hospital . ( FEMA had offered $150 million ) . Cao also spoke with Vice President Joe Biden regarding the recovery of New Orleans . In June 2010 , Cao was one of only two Republicans to vote in favor of the DISCLOSE Act , intended to limit spending on political campaigns by corporations in the wake of the Supreme Courts decision in Citizens United v . Federal Election Commission . The bill requires added disclosure for political spending by corporations and prohibits some corporate political spending . In December 2010 , Cao was one of fifteen Republican House members to vote in favor of repealing the United States militarys Dont Ask , Dont Tell ban on openly gay service members . According to a 2011 survey by the National Journal , Cao was the most liberal Republican in the House . In 2009 , he was one of seven Republicans who voted to publicly rebuke Representative Joe Wilson , Republican of South Carolina , for his outburst of You lie ! against President Obama during an address before a joint session of Congress . Office . Cao hired former state representative Rosalind Peychaud , a Democrat , as his deputy chief of staff . The late date of Caos election meant that he inherited former Congressman William J . Jeffersons office , 2113 , in the Rayburn House Office Building , although he had no seniority in the House . Writing in the Times-Picayune , Jonathan Tilove observed the notability of 2113 in the Rayburn Building due to its being , as Jeffersons former location , the only congressional office ever raided by the FBI . By the middle of February 2009 , Cao had hired most of his staff . In April 2009 , Caos district staff moved into what was described as the first office in Kenner for a sitting congressman . The office was formerly a storeroom in Kenners Community Services Department at 624 Williams Boulevard ( LA 49 ) . Committee assignments . After confirmation by the House Republican Conference , Cao was assigned to the Homeland Security Committee and the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee . - Committee on Homeland Security - Subcommittee on Emergency Communications , Preparedness , and Response - Subcommittee on Management , Investigations , and Oversight - Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure - Subcommittee on Economic Development , Public Buildings and Emergency Management - Subcommittee on Railroads , Pipelines , and Hazardous Materials - Committee on Oversight and Government Reform - Subcommittee on Federal Workforce , Post Office , and the District of Columbia Caucuses . - Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus - American Engagement Caucus Interest in Congressional Black Caucus . From the outset of Caos congressional service , his relationship to the Congressional Black Caucus remained uncertain . George Mason University political scientist Michael K . Fauntroy described Caos expressed interest in joining as a very smart move . However , Cao was rebuffed by the Congressional Black Caucus in his attempt to join it despite representing a heavily black district . Cao told the Times-Picayune that President Obama should receive a letter grade of A for his first 100 days in office . Cao cited as his reason for such a high mark Obamas working with us in this whole recovery process ( in reference to Hurricane Katrina ) . Recall drive . Among the bills which came to the floor during Caos first days in Congress , Cao voted against the Obama Administrations stimulus package . Cao justified his votes on expressed dissatisfaction that his 2nd congressional district of Louisiana ranked dead last among the 435 congressional districts in outlays provided by the legislation even though the district was one of the most seriously damaged by hurricanes . Caos vote provoked a petition to recall him , which formally began on February 16 , 2009 . Louisiana Secretary of State Jay Dardenne and other Louisiana officials , as well as congressional analysts , perceived it as having little or no prospect of succeeding . Although the petition collected more than 13,000 signatures on the first day , it needed more than 100,000 within 180 days to fulfill Louisiana requirements . Congress has never removed , and has no constitutional provision to do , a member based on constituents recall . Several leaders of the recall campaign , specifically the Reverends Samuel Butler and Toris Young , claimed to have been supporters of Cao , though Cao and his campaign manager Bryan Wagner , a former member of the New Orleans City Council , said they had never met them . After Louisiana Attorney General Buddy Caldwell issued an opinion that the state cannot recall federal officials , Butler and Young announced that they would pursue the matter in the federal courts . Youngs ability to criticize Cao was mocked by Times-Picayune columnist James Gill because of Youngs 11 convictions for fraud and identity theft . On March 1 , 2009 , the Times-Picayune reported that Obama had tried to reach Cao on his cellphone prior to the vote on the stimulus package but was unsuccessful ; Cao acknowledged that Obama might have been persuasive with a concrete commitment to help the 2nd district and New Orleans . Cao stated that the Obama administrations $410 billion omnibus spending bill for the final 7 months of Fiscal Year 2009 ( ending September 30 , 2009 ) would provide important benefits for his 2nd Congressional District and became one of 16 Republicans voting in favor of that bill . Before the recall petition , a separate petition had been started to recall New Orleans City Councilwoman Stacy Head , who is white but represents a predominantly black constituency after defeating Jefferson protégé Renée Gill Pratt in 2006 . Head , a Democrat , supported Cao in the election on December 6 , 2008 . James Gill defended Heads support for Cao ( who is not white but Asian ) and asserted it was based not on race but that Jefferson .. . is morally unfit for any public office . The petition to recall Head failed to meet its statutory deadline . FEMA critic . On February 25 , 2009 , Cao grabbed headlines by announcing that his staff members were investigating the Federal Emergency Management Agency ( FEMA ) office in New Orleans . Cao , whose aversive relationship with the agency had started during his time as a community activist for victims of Hurricane Katrina , accused FEMA of a host of malfeasance charges , including widespread complaints of discrimination , sexual harassment , ethics violations , nepotism and cronyism . Cao conveyed his concerns to the Obama administrations Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano , who promised that we will obviously follow up . The next day Caos call for the resignation of Doug Whitmer , head of FEMAs New Orleans office , was bolstered by United States Senator Mary Landrieu , whereupon the story spread on CBS News . Popular reaction quickly pervaded New Orleans blogsites , one of them calling its discussion FEMA having a Cao . On February 27 , 2009 , acting FEMA Director Nancy L . Ward replaced Whitmer with Tony Russell , previously an administrator in FEMAs Denver office . Ward stripped Jim Stark of his immediate responsibilities for Louisianas FEMA district , leaving him as FEMA assistant administrator for Gulf Coast recovery . Cao had also been critical of John Connolly , FEMA chief for Gulf Coast public assistance , whom Stark cited as his source of information on how much public-assistance money FEMA should approve for local projects ( in a congressional hearing with Cao on February 25 , 2009 ) . Connolly was previously with FEMAs Philadelphia office , and Cao asked rhetorically , How many times has Philadelphia been hit by a hurricane ? On March 5 , 2009 , Cao joined Napolitano , Jindal , Housing and Urban Development Secretary Shaun Donovan , Louisiana Lieutenant Governor Mitch Landrieu , U.S . Representative Charlie Melancon , and other federal , state , and local officials on a tour of damaged areas in New Orleans , including the campus of Southern University at New Orleans ( SUNO ) , where the group was led by SUNO President Victor Ukpolo . Eleven days later , on March 16 , Cao again visited the SUNO campus , pledging full support of Ukpolos mission to rebuild the campus . The seguing event on Caos agenda during the same day was a fund-raising cocktail party at the home of bankers Stephen and Dana Hansel at which the admission contribution was $1000 a person and an unexpected guest was former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich who was en route to lead a discussion in James Carvilles political science class at Tulane University . The Times-Picayune , in an editorial on March 19 , 2009 , praised Ukpolo and Cao in their efforts to secure funding for restoration of SUNOs campus . Formation of American Engagement Caucus . In January 2010 , Cao partnered with Democratic Congressman Russ Carnahan of Missouri to create the American Engagement Caucus , its stated purpose being the promotion of a multilateral foreign policy in which the United States works closely with other countries to address global problems . As a joint editorial between the two congressmen stated , We live in an age of interdependence . Americas security , economic , environmental , and moral interests are inextricably linked with those of the international community . Simply put , it is in our vital national interest to support international engagement . Health care . Cao was the only Republican to vote for the draft Affordable Health Care for America Act ( H.R . 3962 ) on November 7 , 2009 . Yet Cao , because of concerns of alleged public funding for elective abortion provisions , joined the rest of his party in opposing the final version , the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act . Political campaigns . 2006 . Cao ran unsuccessfully as an independent for District 103 of the Louisiana House of Representatives . He was a delegate to the 2008 Republican National Convention during Hurricane Gustav , during which time his home was flooded . At the time of his election to Congress , Cao was a member of the Orleans Parish Board of Election Supervisors , appointed to the Board by Governor Bobby Jindal . 2008 . The situation , endorsements , campaign dynamics , and results gave the election significance far beyond the boundaries of the district . Incumbent U.S . Representative William J . Jefferson won the Democratic primaries in 2008 . Jefferson had weathered a major challenge in the Louisiana 2nd congressional district election , 2006 , overcoming allegations that he had inappropriately used members of a Louisiana Army National Guard unit to reach his home during the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina . In 2008 Jefferson also faced federal charges of bribery involving Nigerian business interests and was perceived as vulnerable , with only 25 percent of Democrats voting for him in the Democratic primary . Jefferson faced six African-American challengers , along with newscaster Helena Moreno . In a runoff primary , Jefferson defeated Moreno by 57 percent to 43 percent in a vote largely along racial lines . Unopposed for the Republican nomination , Cao ran against Jefferson , as did Green Party candidate Malik Rahim and Libertarian Party candidate Gregory Kahn . An earlier candidate , independent Jerry Jacobs , had withdrawn . Endorsements . On November 30 , the New Orleans Times-Picayune endorsed Cao in an editorial , while on its op-ed page columnist James Gill stated that Jeffersons reelection is not going to happen . The prospect of a serious general election in the heavily African-American and Democratic 2nd district was startling , as the last Republican to represent the district was Hamilton D . Coleman , who left office in 1891 . Caos candidacy received the endorsements of the Alliance for Good Government , the Family Research Councils Action PAC , Jefferson Parish Sheriff Newell Normand , Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal , Jacquelyn Brechtel Clarkson , Stacy Head , and singer/entertainer Pat Boone . In the final days of the campaign , Democrats Helena Moreno , who was defeated by Jefferson in the Democratic primary runoff election , and former District Attorney Harry Connick Sr . endorsed Cao and recorded telephone messages to be played to voters . New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin announced his support for Jefferson during the Democratic primary elections . The New Orleans Gambit Weekly , citing its opposition to Jeffersons alleged corruption and to Caos noncommittal statements on embryonic stem-cell research , made no endorsement . Campaign . At first , Jefferson , as indicated by The New York Times on the day after his winning the Democratic nomination , was heavily favored to win against any Republican challenger . The campaign was characterized by what Jeffersons campaign called overly negative tactics on behalf of Caos campaign by outside organizations , such as the National Republican Congressional Committee . References were made to Democratic Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosis removal of Jefferson from the House Ways and Means Committee and entailed what USA Today termed a barrage of automated telephone calls , including from a woman who identified herself as Katy and who cited Jeffersons federal indictment on 16 counts of corruption . In a meeting of African-American ministers , Reverend Samuel Butler claimed the reason was to disenfranchise African-American voters , which motivated Cao advisor and political mentor , former New Orleans City Council member Bryan Wagner to reply : with Rev . Butlers imagination , he may want to go to work for Walt Disney . On December 6 , the Times-Picayune reiterated its endorsement of Cao , pointing to President-elect Barack Obamas efforts on behalf of Democrat Paul Carmouche in the simultaneous election in Louisianas 4th congressional district and Obamas non-involvement in efforts to support Jefferson . Results . Unofficial results on the Louisiana Secretary of States web site showed Cao with 33,122 ( 49.55% ) , Jefferson 31,296 ( 46.82% ) , Kahn 548 ( 0.82% ) , and Rahim 1,880 ( 2.81% ) . Jefferson won by 23,197 to 20,246 in Orleans Parish , where 21 of the 392 precincts showed zero votes for Cao . Cao , however , more than made up the difference with a margin of 12,696 to the incumbents 8,099 in Jefferson Parish . A post-election map analysis by the Times-Picayune showed the election result as having depended on higher turnout in the precincts favorable to Cao . After speaking by telephone four days after the election , on December 31 , 2008 , Wednesday , Jefferson and Cao met cordially at the home of New Orleans Liberty Bank CEO Alden McDonald to discuss the transition . Significance . Politico.com declared Caos victory one of Americas Top 10 Political Upsets of 2008 . Cao became the first Vietnamese-American elected to Congress . Caos win made the 2nd District by far the most Democratic district in the nation to be represented by a Republican ; the district has a Cook Partisan Voting Index of D+28 . Obama carried the district with 74 percent of the vote , his 35th-best performance in the country and his fifth best in a Southern district . Caos victory over a tainted incumbent became a cause for celebration among many in Louisiana . Wrote Jeff Crouere in his column Ringside Politics , The victory strikes a major blow against the reputation of Louisiana as a corrupt state . House GOP members were particularly vocal in their glee over Caos defeat of the Democratic incumbent . Among many other statements , House minority leader John Boehner asserted Caos win was a symbol of our future in a memorandum with The Future Is Cao as its subject line . 2010 . Cao was thought to face nearly impossible odds for reelection due to the districts overwhelmingly Democratic nature . Indeed , many pundits likened him to Michael Patrick Flanagan , a former Republican congressman from Illinois . Flanagan ousted scandal-plagued House Ways and Means Committee chairman Dan Rostenkowski in 1994 , only to be roundly defeated for reelection after one term in his heavily Democratic Chicago-based district by future Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich . As expected , Cao lost his reelection bid in a landslide to Democratic State Representative Cedric Richmond , an African American . Other candidates included Independents Ron Austin , Anthony K . Marquize , and Jack Radosta . Cao had the support of several of New Orleans prominent Democrats , including Councilwoman Stacy Head , Assessor Erroll Williams , and State Representative Juan LaFonta ( who had lost the Democratic Partys nomination to Richmond ) , but the vote fell on racial lines . He was one of only two Republican House incumbents to lose reelection in 2010 . The other was Charles Djou of Hawaii , who also represented a strongly Democratic-leaning district . Proving just how Democratic the 2nd district still is , the Republicans only fielded nominal candidates in the district in 2012 and 2020 , and no Republican candidate even filed in 2014 , 2016 or 2018 . Political positions . Representative Joseph Cao is a moderate Republican . He is a grassroots activist and social progressive who believes in immigration reform , gay rights , and government services for the poor , who is also an adamantly pro-life Catholic that allied himself with the Republican Party . He says he considers himself a moderate , fiscally conservative Republican . The non-partisan National Journal gave him a composite score of 57% conservative and 43% liberal in 2010 . The American Conservative Union , a political action committee or PAC , gave Cao a lifetime score of 42% conservative . Americans for Democratic Action , a progressive PAC , gave him a 45% liberal quotient . Cao is more fiscally conservative . He voted against President Obamas proposed stimulus package in 2009 . He also voted against the Democratic-backed Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Act . He broke with his party by voting with Democrats in favor of the Affordable Health Care for America Act which included a public option for health care . However , Cao voted against the Affordable Care Act , colloquially called Obamacare , because of concerns about abortion . He had also been one of 29 Republicans who voted with Democrats in favor of the re-authorization of the Childrens Health Insurance Program . Cao was one of five House Republicans who voted with Democrats to repeal Dont Ask Dont Tell in May 2010 . He was one of 15 Republicans who joined Democrats and voted in favor of the final repeal of Dont Ask Dont Tell in December , 2010 . Electoral history . Louisiana State Representative , 103rd Representative District , 2007 Threshold > 50% U . S . Representative , 2nd Congressional District , 2008 U . S . Representative , 2nd Congressional District , 2010 Documentary . On January 3 , 2013 , the Public Broadcasting Service aired the documentary Mr . Cao Goes to Washington , directed by S . Leo Chiang . The film tracks Caos brief tenure in Washington , D.C. , as the first Vietnamese American elected to Congress . Personal life . Cao is married to Hieu Phuong Kate Hoang . The couple has two daughters and resides in New Orleans Venetian Isles neighborhood . Kate and Joseph met in 1998 at the Mary Queen of Vietnam Catholic Church in New Orleans East and the family has attended there since . After the 2008 election , Kate , an alumna of the Xavier University of Louisiana College of Pharmacy and a registered pharmacist , resigned from her position at a New Orleans Walgreens pharmacy . A devout Roman Catholic , Cao served as a board member for Mary Queen of Vietnam Catholic Churchs Community Development Corporation which assists Vietnamese-Americans with hurricane relief . Cao is a member of the National Advisory Council of the U.S . Conference of Catholic Bishops . Cao is also a member of the ReFormers Caucus of Issue One .

hard

Roy Hattersley took which position in May 1969?

/wiki/Roy_Hattersley#P39#0

Roy Hattersley Roy Sydney George Hattersley , Baron Hattersley , PC , FRSL ( born 28 December 1932 ) is a British Labour politician , author and journalist from Sheffield . He was MP for Birmingham Sparkbrook for over 32 years from 1964 to 1997 , and served as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party from 1983 to 1992 . Early life . Hattersley was born on 28 December 1932 in Sheffield , West Riding of Yorkshire , to Enid Brackenbury and Frederick Roy Hattersley ( 1902–1973 ) always known by his middle name ) , who married in the 1950s . His mother was a city councillor , and later served as Lord Mayor of Sheffield ( 1981 ) . His father , at various times a police officer , clerk at Sheffield town hall , and chairman of the councils Health Committee , was a former Roman Catholic priest , the parish priest at St Josephs at Shirebrook in Nottingham , who renounced the church and left the priesthood to cohabit with Hattersleys mother , Enid , a married woman at whose wedding he had officiated two weeks earlier ; Frederick ultimately died an atheist . Early political career and education . Hattersley was a socialist and Labour supporter from his youth , electioneering at the age of 12 for his local MP and city councillors , beginning in 1945 . He won a scholarship to Sheffield City Grammar School and went from there to study at the University of Hull . Having been accepted to read English at the University of Leeds , he was diverted into reading Economics at Hull when told by a Sheffield colleague of his mother that it was necessary for a political career . At university Hattersley joined the Socialist Society ( SocSoc ) and was one of those responsible for changing its name to the Labour Club and affiliating it with the non-aligned International Union of Socialist Youth ( IUSY ) rather than the Soviet-backed International Union of Students . Hattersley became chairman of the new club and later treasurer , and he went on to chair the National Association of Labour Student Organisations . He also joined the executive of the IUSY . Member of Parliament . After graduating Hattersley worked briefly for a Sheffield steelworks and then for two years with the Workers Educational Association . He married his first wife Molly , who became a headteacher and educational administrator . In 1956 he was elected to the City Council as Labour representative for Crookesmoor and was , very briefly , a JP . On the Council he spent time as chairman of the Public Works Committee and then the Housing Committee . His aim became a Westminster seat , and he was eventually selected for Labour to stand for election in the Sutton Coldfield constituency but lost to the Conservative Geoffrey Lloyd in 1959 . He kept hunting for prospective candidacies , applying for twenty-five seats over three years . In 1963 he was chosen as the prospective parliamentary candidate for the multi-racial Birmingham Sparkbrook constituency ( following a well-known local character , Jack Webster ) and facing a Conservative majority of just under 900 . On 16 October 1964 he defeated the Conservative party candidate , Michael J . Donnelly , and was elected with a majority of 1,254 votes ; he was to hold that seat for the next eight general elections . Journalist . At first he was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Margaret Herbison , the Minister for Pensions . His maiden speech was on a housing subsidies bill . Still a Gaitskellite , he also joined the 1963 Club . He also wrote his first Endpiece column for The Spectator ( the column moved to The Listener in 1979 , and then to The Guardian ) . Ministerial positions . Despite the support of Roy Jenkins and Tony Crosland he did not gain a ministerial position until 1967 , joining Ray Gunter at the Ministry of Labour . He was reportedly disliked by Prime Minister Harold Wilson as a Jenkinsite . The following year he was promoted to Under Secretary in the same ministry , now led by Barbara Castle , and become closely involved in implementing the unpopular Prices and Incomes Act 1966 . In 1969 after the fiasco over In Place of Strife he was promoted to deputy to Denis Healey , the Minister of Defence , following the death of Gerry Reynolds . One of his first jobs , while Healey was hospitalised , was to sign the Army Board Order – putting troops into Northern Ireland . European Common Market . The Labour defeat of 1970 ended six years of Labour government . Hattersley was to hold his seat – often increasing his majority – but for the next twenty-six years as MP he was to spend twenty one in Opposition . He was appointed Deputy Foreign Affairs Spokesman , again under Healey , which involved a lot of foreign travel if nothing else . He also took a Visiting Fellowship to the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard . During this time he also became an enthusiastic supporter of the Common Market , and his drift to the political centre put him at odds with much of the Parliamentary Labour Party ( PLP ) . He was one of the sixty-nine rebels who voted with the Conservative government for entry into the EEC , which precipitated the resignation of Roy Jenkins as deputy leader ( 10 April 1972 ) and eventually a permanent split within Labour . ( It was the adoption of a referendum on the EEC as shadow cabinet policy that caused Jenkins to resign. ) For standing by the party Hattersley was appointed Shadow Defence Secretary 1972 to 1973 and later Shadow Secretary of State for Education ( the one government post he had always coveted ) . Privy Council . In the Wilson government of 1974 he was appointed the ( non-cabinet ) Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs , and in the 1975 New Year Honours , he was sworn of the Privy Council . Hattersley headed the British delegation to Reykjavik during the Cod Wars , but was primarily given the task of renegotiating the terms of the UKs membership of the EEC . Following the resignation of Wilson he voted for James Callaghan in the ensuing leadership contest to stop Michael Foot ( a man [ who ] for all his virtues .. . could not become Prime Minister ) . Under Callaghan he finally made it into the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection , a position he held until Labours defeat in the 1979 general election . In 1979 he was appointed to shadow Michael Heseltine as the Minister for the Environment , contending with him over the cuts in local government powers and the Right to Buy . Following the rise of the hard left , as demonstrated at the 1980 Labour Conference , Callaghan resigned . The leadership contest was between Healey and Foot , with Hattersley organising Healeys campaign . An electorate [ the PLP ] deranged by fear elected Foot . Healey was made deputy leader and Hattersley was appointed Shadow Home Secretary , but felt that Foot was a good man in the wrong job , a baffling combination of the admirable and the absurd . Healey was challenged for his post in 1981 , following electoral rule changes , by Tony Benn , retaining his post by 50.426% to 49.574% . Hattersley felt that the Bennite alliance [ although defeated ] .. . played a major part in keeping the Conservatives in power for almost twenty years . Hattersley also had very little regard for those Labour defectors who created the SDP in 1981 . He helped found Labour Solidarity ( 1981–83 ) and credits the group with preventing the disintegration of the Party . Deputy Leader . Following Labours devastating defeat in the 1983 general election Foot declined to continue as leader . Hattersley stood in the subsequent leadership election , John Smith was his campaign manager and a young Peter Mandelson impressed Hattersley . The other competitors were Neil Kinnock , Peter Shore , and Eric Heffer . Hattersley had the support of most of the Shadow Cabinet , but the majority of the PLP , the constituency groups and the unions were in favour of Kinnock . In the final count Kinnock secured around three times as many votes as the second-place Hattersley . As was standard practice at the time Hattersley was elected deputy leader . The combination was promoted at the time as being a dream ticket with Kinnock a representative of the left of the party and Hattersley of the right . Hattersley remained deputy for eight years and also Shadow Chancellor until 1987 , when he moved back to Shadow Home Affairs . Kinnock and Hattersley attempted to rehabilitate Labour after 1983 . After the Miners Strike they resumed expelling members of the entryist Militant group whose activities , organisation and politics had earlier been found to contravene the Labour Partys constitution . In 1988 they fought off a leadership challenge by Tony Benn , Eric Heffer , and John Prescott . Defeat in 1987 was expected ; by 1992 it was much more even . Labour had regularly topped opinion polls since 1989 and at one stage had a lead of up to 15 points over the Tories , though this was cut back and more than once overhauled by the Tories after the resignation of Margaret Thatcher as prime minister to make way for John Major in November 1990 . In the run-up to the 1992 election , Hattersley was present at the Labour Party rally in his native Sheffield and backed up Kinnock with the claim that with every day that passes , Neil looks more and more like the real tenant of number 10 Downing Street . Backbenches and retirement . The 1992 general election was held on 9 April 1992 , but saw a fourth consecutive Labour defeat by the Conservatives . Kinnock announced his resignation as party leader on 13 April , and on the same day Hattersley announced his intention to resign from the deputy leadership of the party , with the intention of carrying on in their roles until the new leadership was elected that summer . Hattersley supported his friend John Smith in the leadership contest , which Smith won in July that year . In June 1993 , Hattersley cancelled an appearance on TV panel show Have I Got News For You with very late notice , which infuriated the production staff and hosts , leading to Hattersley being replaced with a tub of lard . The programme compared Hattersley and the tub of lard , and claimed they possessed the same qualities and were liable to give similar performances . In February 1994 , Hattersley announced he would leave politics at the following general election . He was made a life peer as Baron Hattersley , of Sparkbrook in the County of West Midlands on 24 November 1997 . Hattersley was long regarded as being on the right-wing of the party , but with New Labour in power he found himself criticising a Labour government from the left , even claiming that Blairs Labour Party is not the Labour Party I joined . He mentioned repeatedly that he would be supporting Gordon Brown as leader . Hattersley retired from the House of Lords on 19 May 2017 . Later life . In 1996 , Hattersley was fined for an incident involving his dog , Buster , after it killed a goose in one of Londons royal parks . He later wrote the diary of Buster , writing from the dogs perspective on the incident , in which it claimed to have acted in self-defence . In 2003 , Hattersley was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature . Hattersley is the author of three novels and several biographies . He has written biographies on religious topics , and on the Edwardian period as well . His 700-page biography of David Lloyd George The Great Outsider : David Lloyd George was published by Little , Brown in 2010 . In 2008 , Hattersley appeared in a documentary on the DVD for the Doctor Who serial Doctor Who and the Silurians , to discuss the political climate that existed at the time of making the serial . He now writes a regular column for the Daily Mail , In Search of England , about different parts of the United Kingdom ; it normally appears in the paper on Tuesdays . Personal life . Hattersley married his first wife the educationalist Molly in 1956 . They divorced in April 2013 after 57 years of marriage , having been separated for five years . They had no children . In summer 2013 , he married Maggie Pearlstine , his literary agent and sister of Norman Pearlstine . Hattersley supports a British republic . He is a dedicated supporter of Sheffield Wednesday , and a member of the Reform and Garrick clubs . Partial bibliography . - David Lloyd George : The Great Outsider , Little Brown ( 2010 ) - Busters Secret Diaries ( 2007 ) - Campbell-Bannerman ( 2006 ) - The Edwardians : Biography of the Edwardian Age ( 2004 ) - The Life of John Wesley : A Brand from the Burning ( 2002 ) - Busters Diaries ( 1999 ) - Blood and Fire : William and Catherine Booth and the Salvation Army ( 1999 ) - 50 Years on : Prejudiced History of Britain Since the War ( 1997 ) - No Discouragement : An Autobiography ( 1996 ) - Who Goes Home? : Scenes from a Political Life ( 1995 ) - Between Ourselves ( 1994 ) - Skylarks Song ( 1993 ) - In That Quiet Earth ( 1993 ) - The Makers Mark ( 1990 ) - Choose Freedom : Future of Democratic Socialism ( 1987 ) - A Yorkshire Boyhood ( 1983 ) - with Eric Heffer , Neil Kinnock and Peter Shore Labours Choices ( 1983 ) - Press Gang ( 1983 ) - Goodbye to Yorkshire ( 1976 ) External links . - Busters Diaries official site - Guardian columns by Roy Hattersley - New Statesman articles by Roy Hattersley - Roy Hattersley , New Statesman , 10 May 2004 , We should have made it clear that we too were modernisers - Roy Hattersley and Kevin Hickson Political Quarterly , 8 September 2011,In Praise of Social Democracy

hard

Roy Hattersley took which position in Sep 1973?

/wiki/Roy_Hattersley#P39#1

Roy Hattersley Roy Sydney George Hattersley , Baron Hattersley , PC , FRSL ( born 28 December 1932 ) is a British Labour politician , author and journalist from Sheffield . He was MP for Birmingham Sparkbrook for over 32 years from 1964 to 1997 , and served as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party from 1983 to 1992 . Early life . Hattersley was born on 28 December 1932 in Sheffield , West Riding of Yorkshire , to Enid Brackenbury and Frederick Roy Hattersley ( 1902–1973 ) always known by his middle name ) , who married in the 1950s . His mother was a city councillor , and later served as Lord Mayor of Sheffield ( 1981 ) . His father , at various times a police officer , clerk at Sheffield town hall , and chairman of the councils Health Committee , was a former Roman Catholic priest , the parish priest at St Josephs at Shirebrook in Nottingham , who renounced the church and left the priesthood to cohabit with Hattersleys mother , Enid , a married woman at whose wedding he had officiated two weeks earlier ; Frederick ultimately died an atheist . Early political career and education . Hattersley was a socialist and Labour supporter from his youth , electioneering at the age of 12 for his local MP and city councillors , beginning in 1945 . He won a scholarship to Sheffield City Grammar School and went from there to study at the University of Hull . Having been accepted to read English at the University of Leeds , he was diverted into reading Economics at Hull when told by a Sheffield colleague of his mother that it was necessary for a political career . At university Hattersley joined the Socialist Society ( SocSoc ) and was one of those responsible for changing its name to the Labour Club and affiliating it with the non-aligned International Union of Socialist Youth ( IUSY ) rather than the Soviet-backed International Union of Students . Hattersley became chairman of the new club and later treasurer , and he went on to chair the National Association of Labour Student Organisations . He also joined the executive of the IUSY . Member of Parliament . After graduating Hattersley worked briefly for a Sheffield steelworks and then for two years with the Workers Educational Association . He married his first wife Molly , who became a headteacher and educational administrator . In 1956 he was elected to the City Council as Labour representative for Crookesmoor and was , very briefly , a JP . On the Council he spent time as chairman of the Public Works Committee and then the Housing Committee . His aim became a Westminster seat , and he was eventually selected for Labour to stand for election in the Sutton Coldfield constituency but lost to the Conservative Geoffrey Lloyd in 1959 . He kept hunting for prospective candidacies , applying for twenty-five seats over three years . In 1963 he was chosen as the prospective parliamentary candidate for the multi-racial Birmingham Sparkbrook constituency ( following a well-known local character , Jack Webster ) and facing a Conservative majority of just under 900 . On 16 October 1964 he defeated the Conservative party candidate , Michael J . Donnelly , and was elected with a majority of 1,254 votes ; he was to hold that seat for the next eight general elections . Journalist . At first he was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Margaret Herbison , the Minister for Pensions . His maiden speech was on a housing subsidies bill . Still a Gaitskellite , he also joined the 1963 Club . He also wrote his first Endpiece column for The Spectator ( the column moved to The Listener in 1979 , and then to The Guardian ) . Ministerial positions . Despite the support of Roy Jenkins and Tony Crosland he did not gain a ministerial position until 1967 , joining Ray Gunter at the Ministry of Labour . He was reportedly disliked by Prime Minister Harold Wilson as a Jenkinsite . The following year he was promoted to Under Secretary in the same ministry , now led by Barbara Castle , and become closely involved in implementing the unpopular Prices and Incomes Act 1966 . In 1969 after the fiasco over In Place of Strife he was promoted to deputy to Denis Healey , the Minister of Defence , following the death of Gerry Reynolds . One of his first jobs , while Healey was hospitalised , was to sign the Army Board Order – putting troops into Northern Ireland . European Common Market . The Labour defeat of 1970 ended six years of Labour government . Hattersley was to hold his seat – often increasing his majority – but for the next twenty-six years as MP he was to spend twenty one in Opposition . He was appointed Deputy Foreign Affairs Spokesman , again under Healey , which involved a lot of foreign travel if nothing else . He also took a Visiting Fellowship to the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard . During this time he also became an enthusiastic supporter of the Common Market , and his drift to the political centre put him at odds with much of the Parliamentary Labour Party ( PLP ) . He was one of the sixty-nine rebels who voted with the Conservative government for entry into the EEC , which precipitated the resignation of Roy Jenkins as deputy leader ( 10 April 1972 ) and eventually a permanent split within Labour . ( It was the adoption of a referendum on the EEC as shadow cabinet policy that caused Jenkins to resign. ) For standing by the party Hattersley was appointed Shadow Defence Secretary 1972 to 1973 and later Shadow Secretary of State for Education ( the one government post he had always coveted ) . Privy Council . In the Wilson government of 1974 he was appointed the ( non-cabinet ) Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs , and in the 1975 New Year Honours , he was sworn of the Privy Council . Hattersley headed the British delegation to Reykjavik during the Cod Wars , but was primarily given the task of renegotiating the terms of the UKs membership of the EEC . Following the resignation of Wilson he voted for James Callaghan in the ensuing leadership contest to stop Michael Foot ( a man [ who ] for all his virtues .. . could not become Prime Minister ) . Under Callaghan he finally made it into the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection , a position he held until Labours defeat in the 1979 general election . In 1979 he was appointed to shadow Michael Heseltine as the Minister for the Environment , contending with him over the cuts in local government powers and the Right to Buy . Following the rise of the hard left , as demonstrated at the 1980 Labour Conference , Callaghan resigned . The leadership contest was between Healey and Foot , with Hattersley organising Healeys campaign . An electorate [ the PLP ] deranged by fear elected Foot . Healey was made deputy leader and Hattersley was appointed Shadow Home Secretary , but felt that Foot was a good man in the wrong job , a baffling combination of the admirable and the absurd . Healey was challenged for his post in 1981 , following electoral rule changes , by Tony Benn , retaining his post by 50.426% to 49.574% . Hattersley felt that the Bennite alliance [ although defeated ] .. . played a major part in keeping the Conservatives in power for almost twenty years . Hattersley also had very little regard for those Labour defectors who created the SDP in 1981 . He helped found Labour Solidarity ( 1981–83 ) and credits the group with preventing the disintegration of the Party . Deputy Leader . Following Labours devastating defeat in the 1983 general election Foot declined to continue as leader . Hattersley stood in the subsequent leadership election , John Smith was his campaign manager and a young Peter Mandelson impressed Hattersley . The other competitors were Neil Kinnock , Peter Shore , and Eric Heffer . Hattersley had the support of most of the Shadow Cabinet , but the majority of the PLP , the constituency groups and the unions were in favour of Kinnock . In the final count Kinnock secured around three times as many votes as the second-place Hattersley . As was standard practice at the time Hattersley was elected deputy leader . The combination was promoted at the time as being a dream ticket with Kinnock a representative of the left of the party and Hattersley of the right . Hattersley remained deputy for eight years and also Shadow Chancellor until 1987 , when he moved back to Shadow Home Affairs . Kinnock and Hattersley attempted to rehabilitate Labour after 1983 . After the Miners Strike they resumed expelling members of the entryist Militant group whose activities , organisation and politics had earlier been found to contravene the Labour Partys constitution . In 1988 they fought off a leadership challenge by Tony Benn , Eric Heffer , and John Prescott . Defeat in 1987 was expected ; by 1992 it was much more even . Labour had regularly topped opinion polls since 1989 and at one stage had a lead of up to 15 points over the Tories , though this was cut back and more than once overhauled by the Tories after the resignation of Margaret Thatcher as prime minister to make way for John Major in November 1990 . In the run-up to the 1992 election , Hattersley was present at the Labour Party rally in his native Sheffield and backed up Kinnock with the claim that with every day that passes , Neil looks more and more like the real tenant of number 10 Downing Street . Backbenches and retirement . The 1992 general election was held on 9 April 1992 , but saw a fourth consecutive Labour defeat by the Conservatives . Kinnock announced his resignation as party leader on 13 April , and on the same day Hattersley announced his intention to resign from the deputy leadership of the party , with the intention of carrying on in their roles until the new leadership was elected that summer . Hattersley supported his friend John Smith in the leadership contest , which Smith won in July that year . In June 1993 , Hattersley cancelled an appearance on TV panel show Have I Got News For You with very late notice , which infuriated the production staff and hosts , leading to Hattersley being replaced with a tub of lard . The programme compared Hattersley and the tub of lard , and claimed they possessed the same qualities and were liable to give similar performances . In February 1994 , Hattersley announced he would leave politics at the following general election . He was made a life peer as Baron Hattersley , of Sparkbrook in the County of West Midlands on 24 November 1997 . Hattersley was long regarded as being on the right-wing of the party , but with New Labour in power he found himself criticising a Labour government from the left , even claiming that Blairs Labour Party is not the Labour Party I joined . He mentioned repeatedly that he would be supporting Gordon Brown as leader . Hattersley retired from the House of Lords on 19 May 2017 . Later life . In 1996 , Hattersley was fined for an incident involving his dog , Buster , after it killed a goose in one of Londons royal parks . He later wrote the diary of Buster , writing from the dogs perspective on the incident , in which it claimed to have acted in self-defence . In 2003 , Hattersley was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature . Hattersley is the author of three novels and several biographies . He has written biographies on religious topics , and on the Edwardian period as well . His 700-page biography of David Lloyd George The Great Outsider : David Lloyd George was published by Little , Brown in 2010 . In 2008 , Hattersley appeared in a documentary on the DVD for the Doctor Who serial Doctor Who and the Silurians , to discuss the political climate that existed at the time of making the serial . He now writes a regular column for the Daily Mail , In Search of England , about different parts of the United Kingdom ; it normally appears in the paper on Tuesdays . Personal life . Hattersley married his first wife the educationalist Molly in 1956 . They divorced in April 2013 after 57 years of marriage , having been separated for five years . They had no children . In summer 2013 , he married Maggie Pearlstine , his literary agent and sister of Norman Pearlstine . Hattersley supports a British republic . He is a dedicated supporter of Sheffield Wednesday , and a member of the Reform and Garrick clubs . Partial bibliography . - David Lloyd George : The Great Outsider , Little Brown ( 2010 ) - Busters Secret Diaries ( 2007 ) - Campbell-Bannerman ( 2006 ) - The Edwardians : Biography of the Edwardian Age ( 2004 ) - The Life of John Wesley : A Brand from the Burning ( 2002 ) - Busters Diaries ( 1999 ) - Blood and Fire : William and Catherine Booth and the Salvation Army ( 1999 ) - 50 Years on : Prejudiced History of Britain Since the War ( 1997 ) - No Discouragement : An Autobiography ( 1996 ) - Who Goes Home? : Scenes from a Political Life ( 1995 ) - Between Ourselves ( 1994 ) - Skylarks Song ( 1993 ) - In That Quiet Earth ( 1993 ) - The Makers Mark ( 1990 ) - Choose Freedom : Future of Democratic Socialism ( 1987 ) - A Yorkshire Boyhood ( 1983 ) - with Eric Heffer , Neil Kinnock and Peter Shore Labours Choices ( 1983 ) - Press Gang ( 1983 ) - Goodbye to Yorkshire ( 1976 ) External links . - Busters Diaries official site - Guardian columns by Roy Hattersley - New Statesman articles by Roy Hattersley - Roy Hattersley , New Statesman , 10 May 2004 , We should have made it clear that we too were modernisers - Roy Hattersley and Kevin Hickson Political Quarterly , 8 September 2011,In Praise of Social Democracy

hard

Roy Hattersley took which position in Apr 1974?

/wiki/Roy_Hattersley#P39#2

Roy Hattersley Roy Sydney George Hattersley , Baron Hattersley , PC , FRSL ( born 28 December 1932 ) is a British Labour politician , author and journalist from Sheffield . He was MP for Birmingham Sparkbrook for over 32 years from 1964 to 1997 , and served as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party from 1983 to 1992 . Early life . Hattersley was born on 28 December 1932 in Sheffield , West Riding of Yorkshire , to Enid Brackenbury and Frederick Roy Hattersley ( 1902–1973 ) always known by his middle name ) , who married in the 1950s . His mother was a city councillor , and later served as Lord Mayor of Sheffield ( 1981 ) . His father , at various times a police officer , clerk at Sheffield town hall , and chairman of the councils Health Committee , was a former Roman Catholic priest , the parish priest at St Josephs at Shirebrook in Nottingham , who renounced the church and left the priesthood to cohabit with Hattersleys mother , Enid , a married woman at whose wedding he had officiated two weeks earlier ; Frederick ultimately died an atheist . Early political career and education . Hattersley was a socialist and Labour supporter from his youth , electioneering at the age of 12 for his local MP and city councillors , beginning in 1945 . He won a scholarship to Sheffield City Grammar School and went from there to study at the University of Hull . Having been accepted to read English at the University of Leeds , he was diverted into reading Economics at Hull when told by a Sheffield colleague of his mother that it was necessary for a political career . At university Hattersley joined the Socialist Society ( SocSoc ) and was one of those responsible for changing its name to the Labour Club and affiliating it with the non-aligned International Union of Socialist Youth ( IUSY ) rather than the Soviet-backed International Union of Students . Hattersley became chairman of the new club and later treasurer , and he went on to chair the National Association of Labour Student Organisations . He also joined the executive of the IUSY . Member of Parliament . After graduating Hattersley worked briefly for a Sheffield steelworks and then for two years with the Workers Educational Association . He married his first wife Molly , who became a headteacher and educational administrator . In 1956 he was elected to the City Council as Labour representative for Crookesmoor and was , very briefly , a JP . On the Council he spent time as chairman of the Public Works Committee and then the Housing Committee . His aim became a Westminster seat , and he was eventually selected for Labour to stand for election in the Sutton Coldfield constituency but lost to the Conservative Geoffrey Lloyd in 1959 . He kept hunting for prospective candidacies , applying for twenty-five seats over three years . In 1963 he was chosen as the prospective parliamentary candidate for the multi-racial Birmingham Sparkbrook constituency ( following a well-known local character , Jack Webster ) and facing a Conservative majority of just under 900 . On 16 October 1964 he defeated the Conservative party candidate , Michael J . Donnelly , and was elected with a majority of 1,254 votes ; he was to hold that seat for the next eight general elections . Journalist . At first he was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Margaret Herbison , the Minister for Pensions . His maiden speech was on a housing subsidies bill . Still a Gaitskellite , he also joined the 1963 Club . He also wrote his first Endpiece column for The Spectator ( the column moved to The Listener in 1979 , and then to The Guardian ) . Ministerial positions . Despite the support of Roy Jenkins and Tony Crosland he did not gain a ministerial position until 1967 , joining Ray Gunter at the Ministry of Labour . He was reportedly disliked by Prime Minister Harold Wilson as a Jenkinsite . The following year he was promoted to Under Secretary in the same ministry , now led by Barbara Castle , and become closely involved in implementing the unpopular Prices and Incomes Act 1966 . In 1969 after the fiasco over In Place of Strife he was promoted to deputy to Denis Healey , the Minister of Defence , following the death of Gerry Reynolds . One of his first jobs , while Healey was hospitalised , was to sign the Army Board Order – putting troops into Northern Ireland . European Common Market . The Labour defeat of 1970 ended six years of Labour government . Hattersley was to hold his seat – often increasing his majority – but for the next twenty-six years as MP he was to spend twenty one in Opposition . He was appointed Deputy Foreign Affairs Spokesman , again under Healey , which involved a lot of foreign travel if nothing else . He also took a Visiting Fellowship to the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard . During this time he also became an enthusiastic supporter of the Common Market , and his drift to the political centre put him at odds with much of the Parliamentary Labour Party ( PLP ) . He was one of the sixty-nine rebels who voted with the Conservative government for entry into the EEC , which precipitated the resignation of Roy Jenkins as deputy leader ( 10 April 1972 ) and eventually a permanent split within Labour . ( It was the adoption of a referendum on the EEC as shadow cabinet policy that caused Jenkins to resign. ) For standing by the party Hattersley was appointed Shadow Defence Secretary 1972 to 1973 and later Shadow Secretary of State for Education ( the one government post he had always coveted ) . Privy Council . In the Wilson government of 1974 he was appointed the ( non-cabinet ) Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs , and in the 1975 New Year Honours , he was sworn of the Privy Council . Hattersley headed the British delegation to Reykjavik during the Cod Wars , but was primarily given the task of renegotiating the terms of the UKs membership of the EEC . Following the resignation of Wilson he voted for James Callaghan in the ensuing leadership contest to stop Michael Foot ( a man [ who ] for all his virtues .. . could not become Prime Minister ) . Under Callaghan he finally made it into the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection , a position he held until Labours defeat in the 1979 general election . In 1979 he was appointed to shadow Michael Heseltine as the Minister for the Environment , contending with him over the cuts in local government powers and the Right to Buy . Following the rise of the hard left , as demonstrated at the 1980 Labour Conference , Callaghan resigned . The leadership contest was between Healey and Foot , with Hattersley organising Healeys campaign . An electorate [ the PLP ] deranged by fear elected Foot . Healey was made deputy leader and Hattersley was appointed Shadow Home Secretary , but felt that Foot was a good man in the wrong job , a baffling combination of the admirable and the absurd . Healey was challenged for his post in 1981 , following electoral rule changes , by Tony Benn , retaining his post by 50.426% to 49.574% . Hattersley felt that the Bennite alliance [ although defeated ] .. . played a major part in keeping the Conservatives in power for almost twenty years . Hattersley also had very little regard for those Labour defectors who created the SDP in 1981 . He helped found Labour Solidarity ( 1981–83 ) and credits the group with preventing the disintegration of the Party . Deputy Leader . Following Labours devastating defeat in the 1983 general election Foot declined to continue as leader . Hattersley stood in the subsequent leadership election , John Smith was his campaign manager and a young Peter Mandelson impressed Hattersley . The other competitors were Neil Kinnock , Peter Shore , and Eric Heffer . Hattersley had the support of most of the Shadow Cabinet , but the majority of the PLP , the constituency groups and the unions were in favour of Kinnock . In the final count Kinnock secured around three times as many votes as the second-place Hattersley . As was standard practice at the time Hattersley was elected deputy leader . The combination was promoted at the time as being a dream ticket with Kinnock a representative of the left of the party and Hattersley of the right . Hattersley remained deputy for eight years and also Shadow Chancellor until 1987 , when he moved back to Shadow Home Affairs . Kinnock and Hattersley attempted to rehabilitate Labour after 1983 . After the Miners Strike they resumed expelling members of the entryist Militant group whose activities , organisation and politics had earlier been found to contravene the Labour Partys constitution . In 1988 they fought off a leadership challenge by Tony Benn , Eric Heffer , and John Prescott . Defeat in 1987 was expected ; by 1992 it was much more even . Labour had regularly topped opinion polls since 1989 and at one stage had a lead of up to 15 points over the Tories , though this was cut back and more than once overhauled by the Tories after the resignation of Margaret Thatcher as prime minister to make way for John Major in November 1990 . In the run-up to the 1992 election , Hattersley was present at the Labour Party rally in his native Sheffield and backed up Kinnock with the claim that with every day that passes , Neil looks more and more like the real tenant of number 10 Downing Street . Backbenches and retirement . The 1992 general election was held on 9 April 1992 , but saw a fourth consecutive Labour defeat by the Conservatives . Kinnock announced his resignation as party leader on 13 April , and on the same day Hattersley announced his intention to resign from the deputy leadership of the party , with the intention of carrying on in their roles until the new leadership was elected that summer . Hattersley supported his friend John Smith in the leadership contest , which Smith won in July that year . In June 1993 , Hattersley cancelled an appearance on TV panel show Have I Got News For You with very late notice , which infuriated the production staff and hosts , leading to Hattersley being replaced with a tub of lard . The programme compared Hattersley and the tub of lard , and claimed they possessed the same qualities and were liable to give similar performances . In February 1994 , Hattersley announced he would leave politics at the following general election . He was made a life peer as Baron Hattersley , of Sparkbrook in the County of West Midlands on 24 November 1997 . Hattersley was long regarded as being on the right-wing of the party , but with New Labour in power he found himself criticising a Labour government from the left , even claiming that Blairs Labour Party is not the Labour Party I joined . He mentioned repeatedly that he would be supporting Gordon Brown as leader . Hattersley retired from the House of Lords on 19 May 2017 . Later life . In 1996 , Hattersley was fined for an incident involving his dog , Buster , after it killed a goose in one of Londons royal parks . He later wrote the diary of Buster , writing from the dogs perspective on the incident , in which it claimed to have acted in self-defence . In 2003 , Hattersley was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature . Hattersley is the author of three novels and several biographies . He has written biographies on religious topics , and on the Edwardian period as well . His 700-page biography of David Lloyd George The Great Outsider : David Lloyd George was published by Little , Brown in 2010 . In 2008 , Hattersley appeared in a documentary on the DVD for the Doctor Who serial Doctor Who and the Silurians , to discuss the political climate that existed at the time of making the serial . He now writes a regular column for the Daily Mail , In Search of England , about different parts of the United Kingdom ; it normally appears in the paper on Tuesdays . Personal life . Hattersley married his first wife the educationalist Molly in 1956 . They divorced in April 2013 after 57 years of marriage , having been separated for five years . They had no children . In summer 2013 , he married Maggie Pearlstine , his literary agent and sister of Norman Pearlstine . Hattersley supports a British republic . He is a dedicated supporter of Sheffield Wednesday , and a member of the Reform and Garrick clubs . Partial bibliography . - David Lloyd George : The Great Outsider , Little Brown ( 2010 ) - Busters Secret Diaries ( 2007 ) - Campbell-Bannerman ( 2006 ) - The Edwardians : Biography of the Edwardian Age ( 2004 ) - The Life of John Wesley : A Brand from the Burning ( 2002 ) - Busters Diaries ( 1999 ) - Blood and Fire : William and Catherine Booth and the Salvation Army ( 1999 ) - 50 Years on : Prejudiced History of Britain Since the War ( 1997 ) - No Discouragement : An Autobiography ( 1996 ) - Who Goes Home? : Scenes from a Political Life ( 1995 ) - Between Ourselves ( 1994 ) - Skylarks Song ( 1993 ) - In That Quiet Earth ( 1993 ) - The Makers Mark ( 1990 ) - Choose Freedom : Future of Democratic Socialism ( 1987 ) - A Yorkshire Boyhood ( 1983 ) - with Eric Heffer , Neil Kinnock and Peter Shore Labours Choices ( 1983 ) - Press Gang ( 1983 ) - Goodbye to Yorkshire ( 1976 ) External links . - Busters Diaries official site - Guardian columns by Roy Hattersley - New Statesman articles by Roy Hattersley - Roy Hattersley , New Statesman , 10 May 2004 , We should have made it clear that we too were modernisers - Roy Hattersley and Kevin Hickson Political Quarterly , 8 September 2011,In Praise of Social Democracy

hard

Roy Hattersley took which position between May 1977 and Jun 1977?

/wiki/Roy_Hattersley#P39#3

Roy Hattersley Roy Sydney George Hattersley , Baron Hattersley , PC , FRSL ( born 28 December 1932 ) is a British Labour politician , author and journalist from Sheffield . He was MP for Birmingham Sparkbrook for over 32 years from 1964 to 1997 , and served as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party from 1983 to 1992 . Early life . Hattersley was born on 28 December 1932 in Sheffield , West Riding of Yorkshire , to Enid Brackenbury and Frederick Roy Hattersley ( 1902–1973 ) always known by his middle name ) , who married in the 1950s . His mother was a city councillor , and later served as Lord Mayor of Sheffield ( 1981 ) . His father , at various times a police officer , clerk at Sheffield town hall , and chairman of the councils Health Committee , was a former Roman Catholic priest , the parish priest at St Josephs at Shirebrook in Nottingham , who renounced the church and left the priesthood to cohabit with Hattersleys mother , Enid , a married woman at whose wedding he had officiated two weeks earlier ; Frederick ultimately died an atheist . Early political career and education . Hattersley was a socialist and Labour supporter from his youth , electioneering at the age of 12 for his local MP and city councillors , beginning in 1945 . He won a scholarship to Sheffield City Grammar School and went from there to study at the University of Hull . Having been accepted to read English at the University of Leeds , he was diverted into reading Economics at Hull when told by a Sheffield colleague of his mother that it was necessary for a political career . At university Hattersley joined the Socialist Society ( SocSoc ) and was one of those responsible for changing its name to the Labour Club and affiliating it with the non-aligned International Union of Socialist Youth ( IUSY ) rather than the Soviet-backed International Union of Students . Hattersley became chairman of the new club and later treasurer , and he went on to chair the National Association of Labour Student Organisations . He also joined the executive of the IUSY . Member of Parliament . After graduating Hattersley worked briefly for a Sheffield steelworks and then for two years with the Workers Educational Association . He married his first wife Molly , who became a headteacher and educational administrator . In 1956 he was elected to the City Council as Labour representative for Crookesmoor and was , very briefly , a JP . On the Council he spent time as chairman of the Public Works Committee and then the Housing Committee . His aim became a Westminster seat , and he was eventually selected for Labour to stand for election in the Sutton Coldfield constituency but lost to the Conservative Geoffrey Lloyd in 1959 . He kept hunting for prospective candidacies , applying for twenty-five seats over three years . In 1963 he was chosen as the prospective parliamentary candidate for the multi-racial Birmingham Sparkbrook constituency ( following a well-known local character , Jack Webster ) and facing a Conservative majority of just under 900 . On 16 October 1964 he defeated the Conservative party candidate , Michael J . Donnelly , and was elected with a majority of 1,254 votes ; he was to hold that seat for the next eight general elections . Journalist . At first he was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Margaret Herbison , the Minister for Pensions . His maiden speech was on a housing subsidies bill . Still a Gaitskellite , he also joined the 1963 Club . He also wrote his first Endpiece column for The Spectator ( the column moved to The Listener in 1979 , and then to The Guardian ) . Ministerial positions . Despite the support of Roy Jenkins and Tony Crosland he did not gain a ministerial position until 1967 , joining Ray Gunter at the Ministry of Labour . He was reportedly disliked by Prime Minister Harold Wilson as a Jenkinsite . The following year he was promoted to Under Secretary in the same ministry , now led by Barbara Castle , and become closely involved in implementing the unpopular Prices and Incomes Act 1966 . In 1969 after the fiasco over In Place of Strife he was promoted to deputy to Denis Healey , the Minister of Defence , following the death of Gerry Reynolds . One of his first jobs , while Healey was hospitalised , was to sign the Army Board Order – putting troops into Northern Ireland . European Common Market . The Labour defeat of 1970 ended six years of Labour government . Hattersley was to hold his seat – often increasing his majority – but for the next twenty-six years as MP he was to spend twenty one in Opposition . He was appointed Deputy Foreign Affairs Spokesman , again under Healey , which involved a lot of foreign travel if nothing else . He also took a Visiting Fellowship to the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard . During this time he also became an enthusiastic supporter of the Common Market , and his drift to the political centre put him at odds with much of the Parliamentary Labour Party ( PLP ) . He was one of the sixty-nine rebels who voted with the Conservative government for entry into the EEC , which precipitated the resignation of Roy Jenkins as deputy leader ( 10 April 1972 ) and eventually a permanent split within Labour . ( It was the adoption of a referendum on the EEC as shadow cabinet policy that caused Jenkins to resign. ) For standing by the party Hattersley was appointed Shadow Defence Secretary 1972 to 1973 and later Shadow Secretary of State for Education ( the one government post he had always coveted ) . Privy Council . In the Wilson government of 1974 he was appointed the ( non-cabinet ) Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs , and in the 1975 New Year Honours , he was sworn of the Privy Council . Hattersley headed the British delegation to Reykjavik during the Cod Wars , but was primarily given the task of renegotiating the terms of the UKs membership of the EEC . Following the resignation of Wilson he voted for James Callaghan in the ensuing leadership contest to stop Michael Foot ( a man [ who ] for all his virtues .. . could not become Prime Minister ) . Under Callaghan he finally made it into the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection , a position he held until Labours defeat in the 1979 general election . In 1979 he was appointed to shadow Michael Heseltine as the Minister for the Environment , contending with him over the cuts in local government powers and the Right to Buy . Following the rise of the hard left , as demonstrated at the 1980 Labour Conference , Callaghan resigned . The leadership contest was between Healey and Foot , with Hattersley organising Healeys campaign . An electorate [ the PLP ] deranged by fear elected Foot . Healey was made deputy leader and Hattersley was appointed Shadow Home Secretary , but felt that Foot was a good man in the wrong job , a baffling combination of the admirable and the absurd . Healey was challenged for his post in 1981 , following electoral rule changes , by Tony Benn , retaining his post by 50.426% to 49.574% . Hattersley felt that the Bennite alliance [ although defeated ] .. . played a major part in keeping the Conservatives in power for almost twenty years . Hattersley also had very little regard for those Labour defectors who created the SDP in 1981 . He helped found Labour Solidarity ( 1981–83 ) and credits the group with preventing the disintegration of the Party . Deputy Leader . Following Labours devastating defeat in the 1983 general election Foot declined to continue as leader . Hattersley stood in the subsequent leadership election , John Smith was his campaign manager and a young Peter Mandelson impressed Hattersley . The other competitors were Neil Kinnock , Peter Shore , and Eric Heffer . Hattersley had the support of most of the Shadow Cabinet , but the majority of the PLP , the constituency groups and the unions were in favour of Kinnock . In the final count Kinnock secured around three times as many votes as the second-place Hattersley . As was standard practice at the time Hattersley was elected deputy leader . The combination was promoted at the time as being a dream ticket with Kinnock a representative of the left of the party and Hattersley of the right . Hattersley remained deputy for eight years and also Shadow Chancellor until 1987 , when he moved back to Shadow Home Affairs . Kinnock and Hattersley attempted to rehabilitate Labour after 1983 . After the Miners Strike they resumed expelling members of the entryist Militant group whose activities , organisation and politics had earlier been found to contravene the Labour Partys constitution . In 1988 they fought off a leadership challenge by Tony Benn , Eric Heffer , and John Prescott . Defeat in 1987 was expected ; by 1992 it was much more even . Labour had regularly topped opinion polls since 1989 and at one stage had a lead of up to 15 points over the Tories , though this was cut back and more than once overhauled by the Tories after the resignation of Margaret Thatcher as prime minister to make way for John Major in November 1990 . In the run-up to the 1992 election , Hattersley was present at the Labour Party rally in his native Sheffield and backed up Kinnock with the claim that with every day that passes , Neil looks more and more like the real tenant of number 10 Downing Street . Backbenches and retirement . The 1992 general election was held on 9 April 1992 , but saw a fourth consecutive Labour defeat by the Conservatives . Kinnock announced his resignation as party leader on 13 April , and on the same day Hattersley announced his intention to resign from the deputy leadership of the party , with the intention of carrying on in their roles until the new leadership was elected that summer . Hattersley supported his friend John Smith in the leadership contest , which Smith won in July that year . In June 1993 , Hattersley cancelled an appearance on TV panel show Have I Got News For You with very late notice , which infuriated the production staff and hosts , leading to Hattersley being replaced with a tub of lard . The programme compared Hattersley and the tub of lard , and claimed they possessed the same qualities and were liable to give similar performances . In February 1994 , Hattersley announced he would leave politics at the following general election . He was made a life peer as Baron Hattersley , of Sparkbrook in the County of West Midlands on 24 November 1997 . Hattersley was long regarded as being on the right-wing of the party , but with New Labour in power he found himself criticising a Labour government from the left , even claiming that Blairs Labour Party is not the Labour Party I joined . He mentioned repeatedly that he would be supporting Gordon Brown as leader . Hattersley retired from the House of Lords on 19 May 2017 . Later life . In 1996 , Hattersley was fined for an incident involving his dog , Buster , after it killed a goose in one of Londons royal parks . He later wrote the diary of Buster , writing from the dogs perspective on the incident , in which it claimed to have acted in self-defence . In 2003 , Hattersley was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature . Hattersley is the author of three novels and several biographies . He has written biographies on religious topics , and on the Edwardian period as well . His 700-page biography of David Lloyd George The Great Outsider : David Lloyd George was published by Little , Brown in 2010 . In 2008 , Hattersley appeared in a documentary on the DVD for the Doctor Who serial Doctor Who and the Silurians , to discuss the political climate that existed at the time of making the serial . He now writes a regular column for the Daily Mail , In Search of England , about different parts of the United Kingdom ; it normally appears in the paper on Tuesdays . Personal life . Hattersley married his first wife the educationalist Molly in 1956 . They divorced in April 2013 after 57 years of marriage , having been separated for five years . They had no children . In summer 2013 , he married Maggie Pearlstine , his literary agent and sister of Norman Pearlstine . Hattersley supports a British republic . He is a dedicated supporter of Sheffield Wednesday , and a member of the Reform and Garrick clubs . Partial bibliography . - David Lloyd George : The Great Outsider , Little Brown ( 2010 ) - Busters Secret Diaries ( 2007 ) - Campbell-Bannerman ( 2006 ) - The Edwardians : Biography of the Edwardian Age ( 2004 ) - The Life of John Wesley : A Brand from the Burning ( 2002 ) - Busters Diaries ( 1999 ) - Blood and Fire : William and Catherine Booth and the Salvation Army ( 1999 ) - 50 Years on : Prejudiced History of Britain Since the War ( 1997 ) - No Discouragement : An Autobiography ( 1996 ) - Who Goes Home? : Scenes from a Political Life ( 1995 ) - Between Ourselves ( 1994 ) - Skylarks Song ( 1993 ) - In That Quiet Earth ( 1993 ) - The Makers Mark ( 1990 ) - Choose Freedom : Future of Democratic Socialism ( 1987 ) - A Yorkshire Boyhood ( 1983 ) - with Eric Heffer , Neil Kinnock and Peter Shore Labours Choices ( 1983 ) - Press Gang ( 1983 ) - Goodbye to Yorkshire ( 1976 ) External links . - Busters Diaries official site - Guardian columns by Roy Hattersley - New Statesman articles by Roy Hattersley - Roy Hattersley , New Statesman , 10 May 2004 , We should have made it clear that we too were modernisers - Roy Hattersley and Kevin Hickson Political Quarterly , 8 September 2011,In Praise of Social Democracy

hard

Roy Hattersley took which position in Jun 1980?

/wiki/Roy_Hattersley#P39#4

Roy Hattersley Roy Sydney George Hattersley , Baron Hattersley , PC , FRSL ( born 28 December 1932 ) is a British Labour politician , author and journalist from Sheffield . He was MP for Birmingham Sparkbrook for over 32 years from 1964 to 1997 , and served as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party from 1983 to 1992 . Early life . Hattersley was born on 28 December 1932 in Sheffield , West Riding of Yorkshire , to Enid Brackenbury and Frederick Roy Hattersley ( 1902–1973 ) always known by his middle name ) , who married in the 1950s . His mother was a city councillor , and later served as Lord Mayor of Sheffield ( 1981 ) . His father , at various times a police officer , clerk at Sheffield town hall , and chairman of the councils Health Committee , was a former Roman Catholic priest , the parish priest at St Josephs at Shirebrook in Nottingham , who renounced the church and left the priesthood to cohabit with Hattersleys mother , Enid , a married woman at whose wedding he had officiated two weeks earlier ; Frederick ultimately died an atheist . Early political career and education . Hattersley was a socialist and Labour supporter from his youth , electioneering at the age of 12 for his local MP and city councillors , beginning in 1945 . He won a scholarship to Sheffield City Grammar School and went from there to study at the University of Hull . Having been accepted to read English at the University of Leeds , he was diverted into reading Economics at Hull when told by a Sheffield colleague of his mother that it was necessary for a political career . At university Hattersley joined the Socialist Society ( SocSoc ) and was one of those responsible for changing its name to the Labour Club and affiliating it with the non-aligned International Union of Socialist Youth ( IUSY ) rather than the Soviet-backed International Union of Students . Hattersley became chairman of the new club and later treasurer , and he went on to chair the National Association of Labour Student Organisations . He also joined the executive of the IUSY . Member of Parliament . After graduating Hattersley worked briefly for a Sheffield steelworks and then for two years with the Workers Educational Association . He married his first wife Molly , who became a headteacher and educational administrator . In 1956 he was elected to the City Council as Labour representative for Crookesmoor and was , very briefly , a JP . On the Council he spent time as chairman of the Public Works Committee and then the Housing Committee . His aim became a Westminster seat , and he was eventually selected for Labour to stand for election in the Sutton Coldfield constituency but lost to the Conservative Geoffrey Lloyd in 1959 . He kept hunting for prospective candidacies , applying for twenty-five seats over three years . In 1963 he was chosen as the prospective parliamentary candidate for the multi-racial Birmingham Sparkbrook constituency ( following a well-known local character , Jack Webster ) and facing a Conservative majority of just under 900 . On 16 October 1964 he defeated the Conservative party candidate , Michael J . Donnelly , and was elected with a majority of 1,254 votes ; he was to hold that seat for the next eight general elections . Journalist . At first he was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Margaret Herbison , the Minister for Pensions . His maiden speech was on a housing subsidies bill . Still a Gaitskellite , he also joined the 1963 Club . He also wrote his first Endpiece column for The Spectator ( the column moved to The Listener in 1979 , and then to The Guardian ) . Ministerial positions . Despite the support of Roy Jenkins and Tony Crosland he did not gain a ministerial position until 1967 , joining Ray Gunter at the Ministry of Labour . He was reportedly disliked by Prime Minister Harold Wilson as a Jenkinsite . The following year he was promoted to Under Secretary in the same ministry , now led by Barbara Castle , and become closely involved in implementing the unpopular Prices and Incomes Act 1966 . In 1969 after the fiasco over In Place of Strife he was promoted to deputy to Denis Healey , the Minister of Defence , following the death of Gerry Reynolds . One of his first jobs , while Healey was hospitalised , was to sign the Army Board Order – putting troops into Northern Ireland . European Common Market . The Labour defeat of 1970 ended six years of Labour government . Hattersley was to hold his seat – often increasing his majority – but for the next twenty-six years as MP he was to spend twenty one in Opposition . He was appointed Deputy Foreign Affairs Spokesman , again under Healey , which involved a lot of foreign travel if nothing else . He also took a Visiting Fellowship to the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard . During this time he also became an enthusiastic supporter of the Common Market , and his drift to the political centre put him at odds with much of the Parliamentary Labour Party ( PLP ) . He was one of the sixty-nine rebels who voted with the Conservative government for entry into the EEC , which precipitated the resignation of Roy Jenkins as deputy leader ( 10 April 1972 ) and eventually a permanent split within Labour . ( It was the adoption of a referendum on the EEC as shadow cabinet policy that caused Jenkins to resign. ) For standing by the party Hattersley was appointed Shadow Defence Secretary 1972 to 1973 and later Shadow Secretary of State for Education ( the one government post he had always coveted ) . Privy Council . In the Wilson government of 1974 he was appointed the ( non-cabinet ) Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs , and in the 1975 New Year Honours , he was sworn of the Privy Council . Hattersley headed the British delegation to Reykjavik during the Cod Wars , but was primarily given the task of renegotiating the terms of the UKs membership of the EEC . Following the resignation of Wilson he voted for James Callaghan in the ensuing leadership contest to stop Michael Foot ( a man [ who ] for all his virtues .. . could not become Prime Minister ) . Under Callaghan he finally made it into the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection , a position he held until Labours defeat in the 1979 general election . In 1979 he was appointed to shadow Michael Heseltine as the Minister for the Environment , contending with him over the cuts in local government powers and the Right to Buy . Following the rise of the hard left , as demonstrated at the 1980 Labour Conference , Callaghan resigned . The leadership contest was between Healey and Foot , with Hattersley organising Healeys campaign . An electorate [ the PLP ] deranged by fear elected Foot . Healey was made deputy leader and Hattersley was appointed Shadow Home Secretary , but felt that Foot was a good man in the wrong job , a baffling combination of the admirable and the absurd . Healey was challenged for his post in 1981 , following electoral rule changes , by Tony Benn , retaining his post by 50.426% to 49.574% . Hattersley felt that the Bennite alliance [ although defeated ] .. . played a major part in keeping the Conservatives in power for almost twenty years . Hattersley also had very little regard for those Labour defectors who created the SDP in 1981 . He helped found Labour Solidarity ( 1981–83 ) and credits the group with preventing the disintegration of the Party . Deputy Leader . Following Labours devastating defeat in the 1983 general election Foot declined to continue as leader . Hattersley stood in the subsequent leadership election , John Smith was his campaign manager and a young Peter Mandelson impressed Hattersley . The other competitors were Neil Kinnock , Peter Shore , and Eric Heffer . Hattersley had the support of most of the Shadow Cabinet , but the majority of the PLP , the constituency groups and the unions were in favour of Kinnock . In the final count Kinnock secured around three times as many votes as the second-place Hattersley . As was standard practice at the time Hattersley was elected deputy leader . The combination was promoted at the time as being a dream ticket with Kinnock a representative of the left of the party and Hattersley of the right . Hattersley remained deputy for eight years and also Shadow Chancellor until 1987 , when he moved back to Shadow Home Affairs . Kinnock and Hattersley attempted to rehabilitate Labour after 1983 . After the Miners Strike they resumed expelling members of the entryist Militant group whose activities , organisation and politics had earlier been found to contravene the Labour Partys constitution . In 1988 they fought off a leadership challenge by Tony Benn , Eric Heffer , and John Prescott . Defeat in 1987 was expected ; by 1992 it was much more even . Labour had regularly topped opinion polls since 1989 and at one stage had a lead of up to 15 points over the Tories , though this was cut back and more than once overhauled by the Tories after the resignation of Margaret Thatcher as prime minister to make way for John Major in November 1990 . In the run-up to the 1992 election , Hattersley was present at the Labour Party rally in his native Sheffield and backed up Kinnock with the claim that with every day that passes , Neil looks more and more like the real tenant of number 10 Downing Street . Backbenches and retirement . The 1992 general election was held on 9 April 1992 , but saw a fourth consecutive Labour defeat by the Conservatives . Kinnock announced his resignation as party leader on 13 April , and on the same day Hattersley announced his intention to resign from the deputy leadership of the party , with the intention of carrying on in their roles until the new leadership was elected that summer . Hattersley supported his friend John Smith in the leadership contest , which Smith won in July that year . In June 1993 , Hattersley cancelled an appearance on TV panel show Have I Got News For You with very late notice , which infuriated the production staff and hosts , leading to Hattersley being replaced with a tub of lard . The programme compared Hattersley and the tub of lard , and claimed they possessed the same qualities and were liable to give similar performances . In February 1994 , Hattersley announced he would leave politics at the following general election . He was made a life peer as Baron Hattersley , of Sparkbrook in the County of West Midlands on 24 November 1997 . Hattersley was long regarded as being on the right-wing of the party , but with New Labour in power he found himself criticising a Labour government from the left , even claiming that Blairs Labour Party is not the Labour Party I joined . He mentioned repeatedly that he would be supporting Gordon Brown as leader . Hattersley retired from the House of Lords on 19 May 2017 . Later life . In 1996 , Hattersley was fined for an incident involving his dog , Buster , after it killed a goose in one of Londons royal parks . He later wrote the diary of Buster , writing from the dogs perspective on the incident , in which it claimed to have acted in self-defence . In 2003 , Hattersley was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature . Hattersley is the author of three novels and several biographies . He has written biographies on religious topics , and on the Edwardian period as well . His 700-page biography of David Lloyd George The Great Outsider : David Lloyd George was published by Little , Brown in 2010 . In 2008 , Hattersley appeared in a documentary on the DVD for the Doctor Who serial Doctor Who and the Silurians , to discuss the political climate that existed at the time of making the serial . He now writes a regular column for the Daily Mail , In Search of England , about different parts of the United Kingdom ; it normally appears in the paper on Tuesdays . Personal life . Hattersley married his first wife the educationalist Molly in 1956 . They divorced in April 2013 after 57 years of marriage , having been separated for five years . They had no children . In summer 2013 , he married Maggie Pearlstine , his literary agent and sister of Norman Pearlstine . Hattersley supports a British republic . He is a dedicated supporter of Sheffield Wednesday , and a member of the Reform and Garrick clubs . Partial bibliography . - David Lloyd George : The Great Outsider , Little Brown ( 2010 ) - Busters Secret Diaries ( 2007 ) - Campbell-Bannerman ( 2006 ) - The Edwardians : Biography of the Edwardian Age ( 2004 ) - The Life of John Wesley : A Brand from the Burning ( 2002 ) - Busters Diaries ( 1999 ) - Blood and Fire : William and Catherine Booth and the Salvation Army ( 1999 ) - 50 Years on : Prejudiced History of Britain Since the War ( 1997 ) - No Discouragement : An Autobiography ( 1996 ) - Who Goes Home? : Scenes from a Political Life ( 1995 ) - Between Ourselves ( 1994 ) - Skylarks Song ( 1993 ) - In That Quiet Earth ( 1993 ) - The Makers Mark ( 1990 ) - Choose Freedom : Future of Democratic Socialism ( 1987 ) - A Yorkshire Boyhood ( 1983 ) - with Eric Heffer , Neil Kinnock and Peter Shore Labours Choices ( 1983 ) - Press Gang ( 1983 ) - Goodbye to Yorkshire ( 1976 ) External links . - Busters Diaries official site - Guardian columns by Roy Hattersley - New Statesman articles by Roy Hattersley - Roy Hattersley , New Statesman , 10 May 2004 , We should have made it clear that we too were modernisers - Roy Hattersley and Kevin Hickson Political Quarterly , 8 September 2011,In Praise of Social Democracy

hard

Roy Hattersley took which position in Oct 1983?

/wiki/Roy_Hattersley#P39#5

Roy Hattersley Roy Sydney George Hattersley , Baron Hattersley , PC , FRSL ( born 28 December 1932 ) is a British Labour politician , author and journalist from Sheffield . He was MP for Birmingham Sparkbrook for over 32 years from 1964 to 1997 , and served as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party from 1983 to 1992 . Early life . Hattersley was born on 28 December 1932 in Sheffield , West Riding of Yorkshire , to Enid Brackenbury and Frederick Roy Hattersley ( 1902–1973 ) always known by his middle name ) , who married in the 1950s . His mother was a city councillor , and later served as Lord Mayor of Sheffield ( 1981 ) . His father , at various times a police officer , clerk at Sheffield town hall , and chairman of the councils Health Committee , was a former Roman Catholic priest , the parish priest at St Josephs at Shirebrook in Nottingham , who renounced the church and left the priesthood to cohabit with Hattersleys mother , Enid , a married woman at whose wedding he had officiated two weeks earlier ; Frederick ultimately died an atheist . Early political career and education . Hattersley was a socialist and Labour supporter from his youth , electioneering at the age of 12 for his local MP and city councillors , beginning in 1945 . He won a scholarship to Sheffield City Grammar School and went from there to study at the University of Hull . Having been accepted to read English at the University of Leeds , he was diverted into reading Economics at Hull when told by a Sheffield colleague of his mother that it was necessary for a political career . At university Hattersley joined the Socialist Society ( SocSoc ) and was one of those responsible for changing its name to the Labour Club and affiliating it with the non-aligned International Union of Socialist Youth ( IUSY ) rather than the Soviet-backed International Union of Students . Hattersley became chairman of the new club and later treasurer , and he went on to chair the National Association of Labour Student Organisations . He also joined the executive of the IUSY . Member of Parliament . After graduating Hattersley worked briefly for a Sheffield steelworks and then for two years with the Workers Educational Association . He married his first wife Molly , who became a headteacher and educational administrator . In 1956 he was elected to the City Council as Labour representative for Crookesmoor and was , very briefly , a JP . On the Council he spent time as chairman of the Public Works Committee and then the Housing Committee . His aim became a Westminster seat , and he was eventually selected for Labour to stand for election in the Sutton Coldfield constituency but lost to the Conservative Geoffrey Lloyd in 1959 . He kept hunting for prospective candidacies , applying for twenty-five seats over three years . In 1963 he was chosen as the prospective parliamentary candidate for the multi-racial Birmingham Sparkbrook constituency ( following a well-known local character , Jack Webster ) and facing a Conservative majority of just under 900 . On 16 October 1964 he defeated the Conservative party candidate , Michael J . Donnelly , and was elected with a majority of 1,254 votes ; he was to hold that seat for the next eight general elections . Journalist . At first he was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Margaret Herbison , the Minister for Pensions . His maiden speech was on a housing subsidies bill . Still a Gaitskellite , he also joined the 1963 Club . He also wrote his first Endpiece column for The Spectator ( the column moved to The Listener in 1979 , and then to The Guardian ) . Ministerial positions . Despite the support of Roy Jenkins and Tony Crosland he did not gain a ministerial position until 1967 , joining Ray Gunter at the Ministry of Labour . He was reportedly disliked by Prime Minister Harold Wilson as a Jenkinsite . The following year he was promoted to Under Secretary in the same ministry , now led by Barbara Castle , and become closely involved in implementing the unpopular Prices and Incomes Act 1966 . In 1969 after the fiasco over In Place of Strife he was promoted to deputy to Denis Healey , the Minister of Defence , following the death of Gerry Reynolds . One of his first jobs , while Healey was hospitalised , was to sign the Army Board Order – putting troops into Northern Ireland . European Common Market . The Labour defeat of 1970 ended six years of Labour government . Hattersley was to hold his seat – often increasing his majority – but for the next twenty-six years as MP he was to spend twenty one in Opposition . He was appointed Deputy Foreign Affairs Spokesman , again under Healey , which involved a lot of foreign travel if nothing else . He also took a Visiting Fellowship to the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard . During this time he also became an enthusiastic supporter of the Common Market , and his drift to the political centre put him at odds with much of the Parliamentary Labour Party ( PLP ) . He was one of the sixty-nine rebels who voted with the Conservative government for entry into the EEC , which precipitated the resignation of Roy Jenkins as deputy leader ( 10 April 1972 ) and eventually a permanent split within Labour . ( It was the adoption of a referendum on the EEC as shadow cabinet policy that caused Jenkins to resign. ) For standing by the party Hattersley was appointed Shadow Defence Secretary 1972 to 1973 and later Shadow Secretary of State for Education ( the one government post he had always coveted ) . Privy Council . In the Wilson government of 1974 he was appointed the ( non-cabinet ) Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs , and in the 1975 New Year Honours , he was sworn of the Privy Council . Hattersley headed the British delegation to Reykjavik during the Cod Wars , but was primarily given the task of renegotiating the terms of the UKs membership of the EEC . Following the resignation of Wilson he voted for James Callaghan in the ensuing leadership contest to stop Michael Foot ( a man [ who ] for all his virtues .. . could not become Prime Minister ) . Under Callaghan he finally made it into the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection , a position he held until Labours defeat in the 1979 general election . In 1979 he was appointed to shadow Michael Heseltine as the Minister for the Environment , contending with him over the cuts in local government powers and the Right to Buy . Following the rise of the hard left , as demonstrated at the 1980 Labour Conference , Callaghan resigned . The leadership contest was between Healey and Foot , with Hattersley organising Healeys campaign . An electorate [ the PLP ] deranged by fear elected Foot . Healey was made deputy leader and Hattersley was appointed Shadow Home Secretary , but felt that Foot was a good man in the wrong job , a baffling combination of the admirable and the absurd . Healey was challenged for his post in 1981 , following electoral rule changes , by Tony Benn , retaining his post by 50.426% to 49.574% . Hattersley felt that the Bennite alliance [ although defeated ] .. . played a major part in keeping the Conservatives in power for almost twenty years . Hattersley also had very little regard for those Labour defectors who created the SDP in 1981 . He helped found Labour Solidarity ( 1981–83 ) and credits the group with preventing the disintegration of the Party . Deputy Leader . Following Labours devastating defeat in the 1983 general election Foot declined to continue as leader . Hattersley stood in the subsequent leadership election , John Smith was his campaign manager and a young Peter Mandelson impressed Hattersley . The other competitors were Neil Kinnock , Peter Shore , and Eric Heffer . Hattersley had the support of most of the Shadow Cabinet , but the majority of the PLP , the constituency groups and the unions were in favour of Kinnock . In the final count Kinnock secured around three times as many votes as the second-place Hattersley . As was standard practice at the time Hattersley was elected deputy leader . The combination was promoted at the time as being a dream ticket with Kinnock a representative of the left of the party and Hattersley of the right . Hattersley remained deputy for eight years and also Shadow Chancellor until 1987 , when he moved back to Shadow Home Affairs . Kinnock and Hattersley attempted to rehabilitate Labour after 1983 . After the Miners Strike they resumed expelling members of the entryist Militant group whose activities , organisation and politics had earlier been found to contravene the Labour Partys constitution . In 1988 they fought off a leadership challenge by Tony Benn , Eric Heffer , and John Prescott . Defeat in 1987 was expected ; by 1992 it was much more even . Labour had regularly topped opinion polls since 1989 and at one stage had a lead of up to 15 points over the Tories , though this was cut back and more than once overhauled by the Tories after the resignation of Margaret Thatcher as prime minister to make way for John Major in November 1990 . In the run-up to the 1992 election , Hattersley was present at the Labour Party rally in his native Sheffield and backed up Kinnock with the claim that with every day that passes , Neil looks more and more like the real tenant of number 10 Downing Street . Backbenches and retirement . The 1992 general election was held on 9 April 1992 , but saw a fourth consecutive Labour defeat by the Conservatives . Kinnock announced his resignation as party leader on 13 April , and on the same day Hattersley announced his intention to resign from the deputy leadership of the party , with the intention of carrying on in their roles until the new leadership was elected that summer . Hattersley supported his friend John Smith in the leadership contest , which Smith won in July that year . In June 1993 , Hattersley cancelled an appearance on TV panel show Have I Got News For You with very late notice , which infuriated the production staff and hosts , leading to Hattersley being replaced with a tub of lard . The programme compared Hattersley and the tub of lard , and claimed they possessed the same qualities and were liable to give similar performances . In February 1994 , Hattersley announced he would leave politics at the following general election . He was made a life peer as Baron Hattersley , of Sparkbrook in the County of West Midlands on 24 November 1997 . Hattersley was long regarded as being on the right-wing of the party , but with New Labour in power he found himself criticising a Labour government from the left , even claiming that Blairs Labour Party is not the Labour Party I joined . He mentioned repeatedly that he would be supporting Gordon Brown as leader . Hattersley retired from the House of Lords on 19 May 2017 . Later life . In 1996 , Hattersley was fined for an incident involving his dog , Buster , after it killed a goose in one of Londons royal parks . He later wrote the diary of Buster , writing from the dogs perspective on the incident , in which it claimed to have acted in self-defence . In 2003 , Hattersley was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature . Hattersley is the author of three novels and several biographies . He has written biographies on religious topics , and on the Edwardian period as well . His 700-page biography of David Lloyd George The Great Outsider : David Lloyd George was published by Little , Brown in 2010 . In 2008 , Hattersley appeared in a documentary on the DVD for the Doctor Who serial Doctor Who and the Silurians , to discuss the political climate that existed at the time of making the serial . He now writes a regular column for the Daily Mail , In Search of England , about different parts of the United Kingdom ; it normally appears in the paper on Tuesdays . Personal life . Hattersley married his first wife the educationalist Molly in 1956 . They divorced in April 2013 after 57 years of marriage , having been separated for five years . They had no children . In summer 2013 , he married Maggie Pearlstine , his literary agent and sister of Norman Pearlstine . Hattersley supports a British republic . He is a dedicated supporter of Sheffield Wednesday , and a member of the Reform and Garrick clubs . Partial bibliography . - David Lloyd George : The Great Outsider , Little Brown ( 2010 ) - Busters Secret Diaries ( 2007 ) - Campbell-Bannerman ( 2006 ) - The Edwardians : Biography of the Edwardian Age ( 2004 ) - The Life of John Wesley : A Brand from the Burning ( 2002 ) - Busters Diaries ( 1999 ) - Blood and Fire : William and Catherine Booth and the Salvation Army ( 1999 ) - 50 Years on : Prejudiced History of Britain Since the War ( 1997 ) - No Discouragement : An Autobiography ( 1996 ) - Who Goes Home? : Scenes from a Political Life ( 1995 ) - Between Ourselves ( 1994 ) - Skylarks Song ( 1993 ) - In That Quiet Earth ( 1993 ) - The Makers Mark ( 1990 ) - Choose Freedom : Future of Democratic Socialism ( 1987 ) - A Yorkshire Boyhood ( 1983 ) - with Eric Heffer , Neil Kinnock and Peter Shore Labours Choices ( 1983 ) - Press Gang ( 1983 ) - Goodbye to Yorkshire ( 1976 ) External links . - Busters Diaries official site - Guardian columns by Roy Hattersley - New Statesman articles by Roy Hattersley - Roy Hattersley , New Statesman , 10 May 2004 , We should have made it clear that we too were modernisers - Roy Hattersley and Kevin Hickson Political Quarterly , 8 September 2011,In Praise of Social Democracy

hard

Roy Hattersley took which position in Sep 1984?

/wiki/Roy_Hattersley#P39#6

Roy Hattersley Roy Sydney George Hattersley , Baron Hattersley , PC , FRSL ( born 28 December 1932 ) is a British Labour politician , author and journalist from Sheffield . He was MP for Birmingham Sparkbrook for over 32 years from 1964 to 1997 , and served as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party from 1983 to 1992 . Early life . Hattersley was born on 28 December 1932 in Sheffield , West Riding of Yorkshire , to Enid Brackenbury and Frederick Roy Hattersley ( 1902–1973 ) always known by his middle name ) , who married in the 1950s . His mother was a city councillor , and later served as Lord Mayor of Sheffield ( 1981 ) . His father , at various times a police officer , clerk at Sheffield town hall , and chairman of the councils Health Committee , was a former Roman Catholic priest , the parish priest at St Josephs at Shirebrook in Nottingham , who renounced the church and left the priesthood to cohabit with Hattersleys mother , Enid , a married woman at whose wedding he had officiated two weeks earlier ; Frederick ultimately died an atheist . Early political career and education . Hattersley was a socialist and Labour supporter from his youth , electioneering at the age of 12 for his local MP and city councillors , beginning in 1945 . He won a scholarship to Sheffield City Grammar School and went from there to study at the University of Hull . Having been accepted to read English at the University of Leeds , he was diverted into reading Economics at Hull when told by a Sheffield colleague of his mother that it was necessary for a political career . At university Hattersley joined the Socialist Society ( SocSoc ) and was one of those responsible for changing its name to the Labour Club and affiliating it with the non-aligned International Union of Socialist Youth ( IUSY ) rather than the Soviet-backed International Union of Students . Hattersley became chairman of the new club and later treasurer , and he went on to chair the National Association of Labour Student Organisations . He also joined the executive of the IUSY . Member of Parliament . After graduating Hattersley worked briefly for a Sheffield steelworks and then for two years with the Workers Educational Association . He married his first wife Molly , who became a headteacher and educational administrator . In 1956 he was elected to the City Council as Labour representative for Crookesmoor and was , very briefly , a JP . On the Council he spent time as chairman of the Public Works Committee and then the Housing Committee . His aim became a Westminster seat , and he was eventually selected for Labour to stand for election in the Sutton Coldfield constituency but lost to the Conservative Geoffrey Lloyd in 1959 . He kept hunting for prospective candidacies , applying for twenty-five seats over three years . In 1963 he was chosen as the prospective parliamentary candidate for the multi-racial Birmingham Sparkbrook constituency ( following a well-known local character , Jack Webster ) and facing a Conservative majority of just under 900 . On 16 October 1964 he defeated the Conservative party candidate , Michael J . Donnelly , and was elected with a majority of 1,254 votes ; he was to hold that seat for the next eight general elections . Journalist . At first he was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Margaret Herbison , the Minister for Pensions . His maiden speech was on a housing subsidies bill . Still a Gaitskellite , he also joined the 1963 Club . He also wrote his first Endpiece column for The Spectator ( the column moved to The Listener in 1979 , and then to The Guardian ) . Ministerial positions . Despite the support of Roy Jenkins and Tony Crosland he did not gain a ministerial position until 1967 , joining Ray Gunter at the Ministry of Labour . He was reportedly disliked by Prime Minister Harold Wilson as a Jenkinsite . The following year he was promoted to Under Secretary in the same ministry , now led by Barbara Castle , and become closely involved in implementing the unpopular Prices and Incomes Act 1966 . In 1969 after the fiasco over In Place of Strife he was promoted to deputy to Denis Healey , the Minister of Defence , following the death of Gerry Reynolds . One of his first jobs , while Healey was hospitalised , was to sign the Army Board Order – putting troops into Northern Ireland . European Common Market . The Labour defeat of 1970 ended six years of Labour government . Hattersley was to hold his seat – often increasing his majority – but for the next twenty-six years as MP he was to spend twenty one in Opposition . He was appointed Deputy Foreign Affairs Spokesman , again under Healey , which involved a lot of foreign travel if nothing else . He also took a Visiting Fellowship to the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard . During this time he also became an enthusiastic supporter of the Common Market , and his drift to the political centre put him at odds with much of the Parliamentary Labour Party ( PLP ) . He was one of the sixty-nine rebels who voted with the Conservative government for entry into the EEC , which precipitated the resignation of Roy Jenkins as deputy leader ( 10 April 1972 ) and eventually a permanent split within Labour . ( It was the adoption of a referendum on the EEC as shadow cabinet policy that caused Jenkins to resign. ) For standing by the party Hattersley was appointed Shadow Defence Secretary 1972 to 1973 and later Shadow Secretary of State for Education ( the one government post he had always coveted ) . Privy Council . In the Wilson government of 1974 he was appointed the ( non-cabinet ) Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs , and in the 1975 New Year Honours , he was sworn of the Privy Council . Hattersley headed the British delegation to Reykjavik during the Cod Wars , but was primarily given the task of renegotiating the terms of the UKs membership of the EEC . Following the resignation of Wilson he voted for James Callaghan in the ensuing leadership contest to stop Michael Foot ( a man [ who ] for all his virtues .. . could not become Prime Minister ) . Under Callaghan he finally made it into the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection , a position he held until Labours defeat in the 1979 general election . In 1979 he was appointed to shadow Michael Heseltine as the Minister for the Environment , contending with him over the cuts in local government powers and the Right to Buy . Following the rise of the hard left , as demonstrated at the 1980 Labour Conference , Callaghan resigned . The leadership contest was between Healey and Foot , with Hattersley organising Healeys campaign . An electorate [ the PLP ] deranged by fear elected Foot . Healey was made deputy leader and Hattersley was appointed Shadow Home Secretary , but felt that Foot was a good man in the wrong job , a baffling combination of the admirable and the absurd . Healey was challenged for his post in 1981 , following electoral rule changes , by Tony Benn , retaining his post by 50.426% to 49.574% . Hattersley felt that the Bennite alliance [ although defeated ] .. . played a major part in keeping the Conservatives in power for almost twenty years . Hattersley also had very little regard for those Labour defectors who created the SDP in 1981 . He helped found Labour Solidarity ( 1981–83 ) and credits the group with preventing the disintegration of the Party . Deputy Leader . Following Labours devastating defeat in the 1983 general election Foot declined to continue as leader . Hattersley stood in the subsequent leadership election , John Smith was his campaign manager and a young Peter Mandelson impressed Hattersley . The other competitors were Neil Kinnock , Peter Shore , and Eric Heffer . Hattersley had the support of most of the Shadow Cabinet , but the majority of the PLP , the constituency groups and the unions were in favour of Kinnock . In the final count Kinnock secured around three times as many votes as the second-place Hattersley . As was standard practice at the time Hattersley was elected deputy leader . The combination was promoted at the time as being a dream ticket with Kinnock a representative of the left of the party and Hattersley of the right . Hattersley remained deputy for eight years and also Shadow Chancellor until 1987 , when he moved back to Shadow Home Affairs . Kinnock and Hattersley attempted to rehabilitate Labour after 1983 . After the Miners Strike they resumed expelling members of the entryist Militant group whose activities , organisation and politics had earlier been found to contravene the Labour Partys constitution . In 1988 they fought off a leadership challenge by Tony Benn , Eric Heffer , and John Prescott . Defeat in 1987 was expected ; by 1992 it was much more even . Labour had regularly topped opinion polls since 1989 and at one stage had a lead of up to 15 points over the Tories , though this was cut back and more than once overhauled by the Tories after the resignation of Margaret Thatcher as prime minister to make way for John Major in November 1990 . In the run-up to the 1992 election , Hattersley was present at the Labour Party rally in his native Sheffield and backed up Kinnock with the claim that with every day that passes , Neil looks more and more like the real tenant of number 10 Downing Street . Backbenches and retirement . The 1992 general election was held on 9 April 1992 , but saw a fourth consecutive Labour defeat by the Conservatives . Kinnock announced his resignation as party leader on 13 April , and on the same day Hattersley announced his intention to resign from the deputy leadership of the party , with the intention of carrying on in their roles until the new leadership was elected that summer . Hattersley supported his friend John Smith in the leadership contest , which Smith won in July that year . In June 1993 , Hattersley cancelled an appearance on TV panel show Have I Got News For You with very late notice , which infuriated the production staff and hosts , leading to Hattersley being replaced with a tub of lard . The programme compared Hattersley and the tub of lard , and claimed they possessed the same qualities and were liable to give similar performances . In February 1994 , Hattersley announced he would leave politics at the following general election . He was made a life peer as Baron Hattersley , of Sparkbrook in the County of West Midlands on 24 November 1997 . Hattersley was long regarded as being on the right-wing of the party , but with New Labour in power he found himself criticising a Labour government from the left , even claiming that Blairs Labour Party is not the Labour Party I joined . He mentioned repeatedly that he would be supporting Gordon Brown as leader . Hattersley retired from the House of Lords on 19 May 2017 . Later life . In 1996 , Hattersley was fined for an incident involving his dog , Buster , after it killed a goose in one of Londons royal parks . He later wrote the diary of Buster , writing from the dogs perspective on the incident , in which it claimed to have acted in self-defence . In 2003 , Hattersley was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature . Hattersley is the author of three novels and several biographies . He has written biographies on religious topics , and on the Edwardian period as well . His 700-page biography of David Lloyd George The Great Outsider : David Lloyd George was published by Little , Brown in 2010 . In 2008 , Hattersley appeared in a documentary on the DVD for the Doctor Who serial Doctor Who and the Silurians , to discuss the political climate that existed at the time of making the serial . He now writes a regular column for the Daily Mail , In Search of England , about different parts of the United Kingdom ; it normally appears in the paper on Tuesdays . Personal life . Hattersley married his first wife the educationalist Molly in 1956 . They divorced in April 2013 after 57 years of marriage , having been separated for five years . They had no children . In summer 2013 , he married Maggie Pearlstine , his literary agent and sister of Norman Pearlstine . Hattersley supports a British republic . He is a dedicated supporter of Sheffield Wednesday , and a member of the Reform and Garrick clubs . Partial bibliography . - David Lloyd George : The Great Outsider , Little Brown ( 2010 ) - Busters Secret Diaries ( 2007 ) - Campbell-Bannerman ( 2006 ) - The Edwardians : Biography of the Edwardian Age ( 2004 ) - The Life of John Wesley : A Brand from the Burning ( 2002 ) - Busters Diaries ( 1999 ) - Blood and Fire : William and Catherine Booth and the Salvation Army ( 1999 ) - 50 Years on : Prejudiced History of Britain Since the War ( 1997 ) - No Discouragement : An Autobiography ( 1996 ) - Who Goes Home? : Scenes from a Political Life ( 1995 ) - Between Ourselves ( 1994 ) - Skylarks Song ( 1993 ) - In That Quiet Earth ( 1993 ) - The Makers Mark ( 1990 ) - Choose Freedom : Future of Democratic Socialism ( 1987 ) - A Yorkshire Boyhood ( 1983 ) - with Eric Heffer , Neil Kinnock and Peter Shore Labours Choices ( 1983 ) - Press Gang ( 1983 ) - Goodbye to Yorkshire ( 1976 ) External links . - Busters Diaries official site - Guardian columns by Roy Hattersley - New Statesman articles by Roy Hattersley - Roy Hattersley , New Statesman , 10 May 2004 , We should have made it clear that we too were modernisers - Roy Hattersley and Kevin Hickson Political Quarterly , 8 September 2011,In Praise of Social Democracy

hard

Roy Hattersley took which position in Jul 1987?

/wiki/Roy_Hattersley#P39#7

Roy Hattersley Roy Sydney George Hattersley , Baron Hattersley , PC , FRSL ( born 28 December 1932 ) is a British Labour politician , author and journalist from Sheffield . He was MP for Birmingham Sparkbrook for over 32 years from 1964 to 1997 , and served as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party from 1983 to 1992 . Early life . Hattersley was born on 28 December 1932 in Sheffield , West Riding of Yorkshire , to Enid Brackenbury and Frederick Roy Hattersley ( 1902–1973 ) always known by his middle name ) , who married in the 1950s . His mother was a city councillor , and later served as Lord Mayor of Sheffield ( 1981 ) . His father , at various times a police officer , clerk at Sheffield town hall , and chairman of the councils Health Committee , was a former Roman Catholic priest , the parish priest at St Josephs at Shirebrook in Nottingham , who renounced the church and left the priesthood to cohabit with Hattersleys mother , Enid , a married woman at whose wedding he had officiated two weeks earlier ; Frederick ultimately died an atheist . Early political career and education . Hattersley was a socialist and Labour supporter from his youth , electioneering at the age of 12 for his local MP and city councillors , beginning in 1945 . He won a scholarship to Sheffield City Grammar School and went from there to study at the University of Hull . Having been accepted to read English at the University of Leeds , he was diverted into reading Economics at Hull when told by a Sheffield colleague of his mother that it was necessary for a political career . At university Hattersley joined the Socialist Society ( SocSoc ) and was one of those responsible for changing its name to the Labour Club and affiliating it with the non-aligned International Union of Socialist Youth ( IUSY ) rather than the Soviet-backed International Union of Students . Hattersley became chairman of the new club and later treasurer , and he went on to chair the National Association of Labour Student Organisations . He also joined the executive of the IUSY . Member of Parliament . After graduating Hattersley worked briefly for a Sheffield steelworks and then for two years with the Workers Educational Association . He married his first wife Molly , who became a headteacher and educational administrator . In 1956 he was elected to the City Council as Labour representative for Crookesmoor and was , very briefly , a JP . On the Council he spent time as chairman of the Public Works Committee and then the Housing Committee . His aim became a Westminster seat , and he was eventually selected for Labour to stand for election in the Sutton Coldfield constituency but lost to the Conservative Geoffrey Lloyd in 1959 . He kept hunting for prospective candidacies , applying for twenty-five seats over three years . In 1963 he was chosen as the prospective parliamentary candidate for the multi-racial Birmingham Sparkbrook constituency ( following a well-known local character , Jack Webster ) and facing a Conservative majority of just under 900 . On 16 October 1964 he defeated the Conservative party candidate , Michael J . Donnelly , and was elected with a majority of 1,254 votes ; he was to hold that seat for the next eight general elections . Journalist . At first he was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Margaret Herbison , the Minister for Pensions . His maiden speech was on a housing subsidies bill . Still a Gaitskellite , he also joined the 1963 Club . He also wrote his first Endpiece column for The Spectator ( the column moved to The Listener in 1979 , and then to The Guardian ) . Ministerial positions . Despite the support of Roy Jenkins and Tony Crosland he did not gain a ministerial position until 1967 , joining Ray Gunter at the Ministry of Labour . He was reportedly disliked by Prime Minister Harold Wilson as a Jenkinsite . The following year he was promoted to Under Secretary in the same ministry , now led by Barbara Castle , and become closely involved in implementing the unpopular Prices and Incomes Act 1966 . In 1969 after the fiasco over In Place of Strife he was promoted to deputy to Denis Healey , the Minister of Defence , following the death of Gerry Reynolds . One of his first jobs , while Healey was hospitalised , was to sign the Army Board Order – putting troops into Northern Ireland . European Common Market . The Labour defeat of 1970 ended six years of Labour government . Hattersley was to hold his seat – often increasing his majority – but for the next twenty-six years as MP he was to spend twenty one in Opposition . He was appointed Deputy Foreign Affairs Spokesman , again under Healey , which involved a lot of foreign travel if nothing else . He also took a Visiting Fellowship to the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard . During this time he also became an enthusiastic supporter of the Common Market , and his drift to the political centre put him at odds with much of the Parliamentary Labour Party ( PLP ) . He was one of the sixty-nine rebels who voted with the Conservative government for entry into the EEC , which precipitated the resignation of Roy Jenkins as deputy leader ( 10 April 1972 ) and eventually a permanent split within Labour . ( It was the adoption of a referendum on the EEC as shadow cabinet policy that caused Jenkins to resign. ) For standing by the party Hattersley was appointed Shadow Defence Secretary 1972 to 1973 and later Shadow Secretary of State for Education ( the one government post he had always coveted ) . Privy Council . In the Wilson government of 1974 he was appointed the ( non-cabinet ) Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs , and in the 1975 New Year Honours , he was sworn of the Privy Council . Hattersley headed the British delegation to Reykjavik during the Cod Wars , but was primarily given the task of renegotiating the terms of the UKs membership of the EEC . Following the resignation of Wilson he voted for James Callaghan in the ensuing leadership contest to stop Michael Foot ( a man [ who ] for all his virtues .. . could not become Prime Minister ) . Under Callaghan he finally made it into the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection , a position he held until Labours defeat in the 1979 general election . In 1979 he was appointed to shadow Michael Heseltine as the Minister for the Environment , contending with him over the cuts in local government powers and the Right to Buy . Following the rise of the hard left , as demonstrated at the 1980 Labour Conference , Callaghan resigned . The leadership contest was between Healey and Foot , with Hattersley organising Healeys campaign . An electorate [ the PLP ] deranged by fear elected Foot . Healey was made deputy leader and Hattersley was appointed Shadow Home Secretary , but felt that Foot was a good man in the wrong job , a baffling combination of the admirable and the absurd . Healey was challenged for his post in 1981 , following electoral rule changes , by Tony Benn , retaining his post by 50.426% to 49.574% . Hattersley felt that the Bennite alliance [ although defeated ] .. . played a major part in keeping the Conservatives in power for almost twenty years . Hattersley also had very little regard for those Labour defectors who created the SDP in 1981 . He helped found Labour Solidarity ( 1981–83 ) and credits the group with preventing the disintegration of the Party . Deputy Leader . Following Labours devastating defeat in the 1983 general election Foot declined to continue as leader . Hattersley stood in the subsequent leadership election , John Smith was his campaign manager and a young Peter Mandelson impressed Hattersley . The other competitors were Neil Kinnock , Peter Shore , and Eric Heffer . Hattersley had the support of most of the Shadow Cabinet , but the majority of the PLP , the constituency groups and the unions were in favour of Kinnock . In the final count Kinnock secured around three times as many votes as the second-place Hattersley . As was standard practice at the time Hattersley was elected deputy leader . The combination was promoted at the time as being a dream ticket with Kinnock a representative of the left of the party and Hattersley of the right . Hattersley remained deputy for eight years and also Shadow Chancellor until 1987 , when he moved back to Shadow Home Affairs . Kinnock and Hattersley attempted to rehabilitate Labour after 1983 . After the Miners Strike they resumed expelling members of the entryist Militant group whose activities , organisation and politics had earlier been found to contravene the Labour Partys constitution . In 1988 they fought off a leadership challenge by Tony Benn , Eric Heffer , and John Prescott . Defeat in 1987 was expected ; by 1992 it was much more even . Labour had regularly topped opinion polls since 1989 and at one stage had a lead of up to 15 points over the Tories , though this was cut back and more than once overhauled by the Tories after the resignation of Margaret Thatcher as prime minister to make way for John Major in November 1990 . In the run-up to the 1992 election , Hattersley was present at the Labour Party rally in his native Sheffield and backed up Kinnock with the claim that with every day that passes , Neil looks more and more like the real tenant of number 10 Downing Street . Backbenches and retirement . The 1992 general election was held on 9 April 1992 , but saw a fourth consecutive Labour defeat by the Conservatives . Kinnock announced his resignation as party leader on 13 April , and on the same day Hattersley announced his intention to resign from the deputy leadership of the party , with the intention of carrying on in their roles until the new leadership was elected that summer . Hattersley supported his friend John Smith in the leadership contest , which Smith won in July that year . In June 1993 , Hattersley cancelled an appearance on TV panel show Have I Got News For You with very late notice , which infuriated the production staff and hosts , leading to Hattersley being replaced with a tub of lard . The programme compared Hattersley and the tub of lard , and claimed they possessed the same qualities and were liable to give similar performances . In February 1994 , Hattersley announced he would leave politics at the following general election . He was made a life peer as Baron Hattersley , of Sparkbrook in the County of West Midlands on 24 November 1997 . Hattersley was long regarded as being on the right-wing of the party , but with New Labour in power he found himself criticising a Labour government from the left , even claiming that Blairs Labour Party is not the Labour Party I joined . He mentioned repeatedly that he would be supporting Gordon Brown as leader . Hattersley retired from the House of Lords on 19 May 2017 . Later life . In 1996 , Hattersley was fined for an incident involving his dog , Buster , after it killed a goose in one of Londons royal parks . He later wrote the diary of Buster , writing from the dogs perspective on the incident , in which it claimed to have acted in self-defence . In 2003 , Hattersley was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature . Hattersley is the author of three novels and several biographies . He has written biographies on religious topics , and on the Edwardian period as well . His 700-page biography of David Lloyd George The Great Outsider : David Lloyd George was published by Little , Brown in 2010 . In 2008 , Hattersley appeared in a documentary on the DVD for the Doctor Who serial Doctor Who and the Silurians , to discuss the political climate that existed at the time of making the serial . He now writes a regular column for the Daily Mail , In Search of England , about different parts of the United Kingdom ; it normally appears in the paper on Tuesdays . Personal life . Hattersley married his first wife the educationalist Molly in 1956 . They divorced in April 2013 after 57 years of marriage , having been separated for five years . They had no children . In summer 2013 , he married Maggie Pearlstine , his literary agent and sister of Norman Pearlstine . Hattersley supports a British republic . He is a dedicated supporter of Sheffield Wednesday , and a member of the Reform and Garrick clubs . Partial bibliography . - David Lloyd George : The Great Outsider , Little Brown ( 2010 ) - Busters Secret Diaries ( 2007 ) - Campbell-Bannerman ( 2006 ) - The Edwardians : Biography of the Edwardian Age ( 2004 ) - The Life of John Wesley : A Brand from the Burning ( 2002 ) - Busters Diaries ( 1999 ) - Blood and Fire : William and Catherine Booth and the Salvation Army ( 1999 ) - 50 Years on : Prejudiced History of Britain Since the War ( 1997 ) - No Discouragement : An Autobiography ( 1996 ) - Who Goes Home? : Scenes from a Political Life ( 1995 ) - Between Ourselves ( 1994 ) - Skylarks Song ( 1993 ) - In That Quiet Earth ( 1993 ) - The Makers Mark ( 1990 ) - Choose Freedom : Future of Democratic Socialism ( 1987 ) - A Yorkshire Boyhood ( 1983 ) - with Eric Heffer , Neil Kinnock and Peter Shore Labours Choices ( 1983 ) - Press Gang ( 1983 ) - Goodbye to Yorkshire ( 1976 ) External links . - Busters Diaries official site - Guardian columns by Roy Hattersley - New Statesman articles by Roy Hattersley - Roy Hattersley , New Statesman , 10 May 2004 , We should have made it clear that we too were modernisers - Roy Hattersley and Kevin Hickson Political Quarterly , 8 September 2011,In Praise of Social Democracy

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Darrell Clarke was the coach of which team in Jun 2010?

/wiki/Darrell_Clarke#P6087#0

Darrell Clarke Darrell James Clarke ( born 16 December 1977 ) is an English professional football manager and former player who played in the English Football League . He is the manager of League Two club Port Vale . A box-to-box midfielder , he began his career with Mansfield Town in 1995 , where he spent the first six years of his career , making 173 league and cup appearances . In 2001 , he transferred to Hartlepool United , where he spent another six years , making a further 136 appearances . He was sent out on loan to Stockport County , Port Vale , and Rochdale in the final years of his spell . In 2007 , he left the professional game to sign for Salisbury City , before taking up the management position at the club in 2010 . He led the club to promotion into the Conference Premier from the Southern League with two play-off final victories in three seasons . He was appointed manager of Bristol Rovers in March 2014 , but could not prevent the club from dropping out of the English Football League . However , one year later , Clarke successfully guided Bristol Rovers back into the Football League after winning the 2015 Conference Premier play-off Final , and then went on to take the club into League One with promotion out of League Two in 2015–16 . At the time of his departure in December 2018 , he was the fourth-longest serving manager in the EFL . He was appointed manager at Walsall in May 2019 and left the club in February 2021 to manage League Two rivals Port Vale . Playing career . Mansfield Town . Born in Mansfield , Nottinghamshire , Clarke stated that he was brought up on a rough estate . He started his career at Mansfield Town when he joined their youth set up at the age of just 10 . He made his way through the ranks and was offered a professional contract at Field Mill by Andy King in 1995 . Clarke made his first-team debut on 21 December 1996 , coming on as a half-time substitute for Ben Sedgemore in a 2–1 defeat at Cardiff City . He marked his home debut at Field Mill with a goal in a 2–0 victory over Doncaster Rovers . The Stags struggled near the foot of the Third Division in 1995–96 , rising to mid-table in 1996–97 and 1997–98 , before finishing one place outside the play-offs in 1998–99 . They then dropped back into the lower half of the table in 1999–2000 and 2000–01 after manager Steve Parkin was replaced by Bill Dearden . While at Mansfield he became a fan favourite , partly because he was a home grown talent . He made over 150 league and cup appearances for the club , scoring 27 goals . As his contract ran to its end , he attracted the attention of several other clubs and he was offered a contract at Hartlepool United by Chris Turner . Hartlepool United . Clarke signed for Hartlepool in July 2001 on a free transfer , courtesy of the Bosman ruling , but Hartlepool still had to pay £70,000 as he was under 24 . He was seen by many as the replacement for Tommy Miller . Clarke originally failed to cement his place in the starting 11 and found himself in and out of the team , making 26 league starts and 9 substitute appearances . However , he still managed to score seven league goals , including a hat-trick in a 7–1 win over Swansea City . The following season was much more successful for Clarke as he played in nearly all of Hartlepools matches and added another seven goals to his tally in Hartlepools promotion winning campaign . The arrival of manager Neale Cooper saw Clarkes opportunities in the first team in 2003–04 limited , as Eifion Williams was preferred on the right wing . Clarke only started 23 league matches , but he still managed to make a further 12 substitute appearances . In the 2004–05 season , Clarke suffered a knee injury that prevented him from taking part in any of Hartlepools league games . He was loaned out to Stockport County – managed by former Hartlepool boss Chris Turner – in order to gain fitness in January , but this was cut short as Clarke picked up another knee problem after just one game . His knee injury caused him to miss the second half of the campaign . In September 2005 Clarke was loaned to Port Vale , but played just two minutes after being utilised as a late substitute by manager Martin Foyle . Despite his return to full fitness being described by manager Martin Scott as a massive boost , his appearances were again limited once he returned to Victoria Park . In July 2006 he was loaned to Rochdale , where he made 12 appearances , scoring one goal . He was released by Pool manager Danny Wilson in May 2007 . Salisbury City . On 3 July 2007 he signed for newly promoted Conference Premier club Salisbury City . He was strongly influenced by former teammate Tommy Widdrington to make the switch South , and was the third signing made by Nick Holmes . He helped the club avoid relegation in the 2008–09 season , which was a good achievement for the club . At the beginning of the 2009–10 season he became Salisburys most senior player and was duly given the captains armband by Widdrington , who had recently been appointed manager . He captained the club to a mid-table finish , however , Salisbury were demoted down into the Southern League Premier Division as punishment for their severe financial problems . Style of play . Clarke was an energetic box-to-box midfielder who had an eye for goal , though defending was his weakness . Management career . Salisbury City . In July 2010 , Tommy Widdrington left Salisbury City for the job of assistant manager at Southend United . As a result of this , Clarke became joint caretaker manager beside Mikey Harris . The next month he was made player-manager on a permanent basis , with Harris as his assistant . He needed to secure an immediate promotion in order to maintain the funding to keep the club a full-time professional organization and so recruited young players freshly released from Football League clubs . However he lost top-scorer Matt Tubbs , who was sold for a club record £55,000 to Crawley Town . After his first season , the Whites won promotion from the Southern League Premier Division via the play-offs , winning 3–2 on penalties after a 2–2 draw with Hednesford Town . Clarke led Salisbury to the Second Round of the FA Trophy in his second season in charge . He also made history when his side beat Grimsby Town in the FA Cup Second Round , taking Salisbury to the Third Round of the FA Cup for the first time in the clubs history , where they faced Sheffield United at Bramall Lane . At the start of the campaign he had stated his intention to sign promising young players , and during the January transfer window he signed 19-year-old Matt Clark and former England youth player Abdulai Bell-Baggie , as well as 29-year-old striker Robbie Matthews . However , he also placed winger Charlie Knight on the transfer list along with striker Jake Reid , defender Josh Casey , and winger Adam Kelly . They finished the 2011–12 campaign comfortably in tenth place , and Clarke extended his contract at the club to another season . Clarkes pre-season signings for 2012–13 included Jamie White from Winchester City , James Clarke from Oxford City , and Theo Lewis after his release from Cheltenham Town . These signings proved successful , and helped to take Salisbury into second place in the Conference South by April . The teams success saw him strongly linked with the vacant management position at Hartlepool United in October 2012 , though he ultimately remained at Salisbury . The club finished four points behind champions Welling United , and had to make do with a play-off place . Promotion was secured with a 3–2 extra-time victory over Dover Athletic in the play-off final . Bristol Rovers . In June 2013 , Clarke was appointed as assistant manager of League Two club Bristol Rovers , supporting John Ward . Following another season of struggle at Rovers , Ward was moved to a role as Director of football and was replaced as manager by Clarke in March 2014 . His first game on 29 March ended with a 1–0 victory over Morecambe at the Memorial Stadium , and Clarke said that I tried to get my philosophy across today and I think we did it in spells and we need to more of that . Rovers were relegated out of the Football League on the final day of the 2013–14 after a 1–0 defeat to Mansfield Town ; a draw would have been enough to keep the club up , as they were relegated on goal difference . He oversaw a rapid turnover of players for the 2014–15 season , releasing 16 players and signing 13 players on free transfers , including striker Matty Taylor . His first task however was to remove ‘Clarke Out’ posters that had been placed around the training ground by disgruntled fans . After a poor start Rovers rose up the table and ended the campaign in second place , one point behind Barnet . Clarke led Rovers to promotion with a 5–3 penalty shoot-out victory over Grimsby Town at Wembley Stadium in the 2015 Conference Premier play-off Final on 17 May 2015 , after a 1–1 draw after extra time . He won three Manager of the Month awards during the season , in September , December and February . Rovers achieved a second successive promotion with a third-place finish in League Two in the 2015–16 campaign . Clarke was named as Manager of the Month for March after winning six of seven games by playing exciting and attacking football according to head judge George Burley . Promotion was achieved on the final day of the season with a stoppage-time winner against Dagenham & Redbridge , which took them above Accrington Stanley into third-place . Named as the Football League manager of the week , his citation stated that Clarke has performed wonders as his men have stormed up the table . On 27 May 2016 , Clarke turned down the opportunity to manage Championship club Leeds United and signed a new three-year contract with Bristol Rovers . He celebrated his 1000th day in charge of Rovers on 21 December 2016 with Rovers sitting 12th in the league heading into the Christmas period . He was named as EFL manager of the week after overseeing a 5–0 demolition of Northampton Town on 7 January . However that month he lost Matty Taylor after Bristol City activated his £300,000 release clause to make Taylor the first player to move from Rovers to City in 30 years . During late March 2017 , with his club sitting just outside the League One play off places , Norwich City were reported to be interested in Clarke following the sacking of previous manager Alex Neil . Whilst Clarke never turned down any potential offer he instead pledged his loyalty to Rovers instead , the announcement coming a day after his three-year anniversary of his first Rovers match in charge . Rovers finished in 10th-place in 2016–17 . In June 2017 , Clarke signed a new five-year contract . He was named as EFL manager of the week after overseeing a 6–0 win away at Northampton Town on 7 October despite missing his preferred centre-backs . However speaking later in December he said he felt let down by the club for its wage policy and infrastructure , saying they were 30 years behind other clubs . He further admitted some of his players were struggling with the increased expectations following recent successes , though Rovers still managed to end the 2017–18 campaign in 13th-place . Billy Bodin was sold to Preston North End for an undisclosed fee in January 2018 . In June 2018 he graduated with the FAs highest coaching qualification ( FA Level 5 UEFA Pro ) . The following month he sold forward Ellis Harrison to Ipswich Town for an undisclosed fee believed to be in the region of £750,000 . He left his post on 13 December 2018 following a run of seven defeats in ten matches ; at the time of his departure he was the fourth-longest serving manager in the EFL . Walsall . On 10 May 2019 , Clarke signing a three-year contract to become Walsalls new manager following their relegation into League Two at the end of the 2018–19 season . He signed 16 players as 23 departed – including midfielder George Dobson , who was sold on to Sunderland – and got off to a poor start after Walsall picked up just one win the opening ten games of the 2019–20 campaign , with the team sound defensively but failing to create any chances in a 5–3–2 formation . Form improved as Clarke switched to a 4–4–2 formation and got the best out of 22-year old Wes McDonald , however a run of six league defeats began in October and drew the club into a relegation battle , though was immediately followed by a run of only two defeats in 11 league games . Walsall were in mid-table when the season was ended early due to the COVID-19 pandemic in England and Walsall Supporters’ Trust secretary Steve Davies said that the team were starting to gel and the signing of Wes McDonald was key . Clarke went on to admit that the following campaign would likely see him focus more on youth as the club faced a challenging financial future due to the effects of the pandemic . He left the Bescot Stadium midway through the 2020–21 with Walsall 11th in the table after Port Vale agreed to pay Walsall a compensation package . Port Vale . On 15 February 2021 , Clarke was appointed as manager of Port Vale , who were 18th in League Two and without a permanent manager since the departure of John Askey at the start of January . He arrived a week after David Flitcrofts appointment as director of football . It took him eight games to get his first win as Vale manager , which came in a 2–1 victory over Newport County on 16 March at Vale Park . This was the first of six successive victories , the longest winning streak for the club since March 1996 . He was nominated for the League Two Manager of the Month award after his team picked up 16 out of an available 18 points in April , conceding just a single goal in the process . Port Vale ended the 2020–21 season in 13th-place and Clarke said that I can’t wait to get rid of the deadwood if I am honest . He released all 15 out of contract players and placed a further three contracted players on the transfer-list . Management style . Clarke is flexible with his formations and is open to different styles of playing rather than sticking to a rigid philosophy , believing that adaptability is key . He does though have a preference for playing with two strikers . He is known for his intense training sessions and for producing extremely detailed reports on opposition teams . At Bristol Rovers his team played an attacking , passing style and scored an average of close to two goals per game . A motivational manager , he sees a happy dressing room as an essential part of a winning team and has been described as having a bubbly and infectious personality , though has been quoted as saying Im not a cuddling manager.. . soft players dont win you promotions . His personality traits make him an energetic , passionate and frank manager . Honours . As a player . Hartlepool United - Football League Third Division runner-up : 2002–03 As a player-manager . Salisbury City - Southern Football League Premier Division play-offs : 2011 - Conference South play-offs : 2013 As a manager . Bristol Rovers - Conference Premier play-offs : 2015 - Football League Two third-place promotion : 2015–16 Individual - Conference Premier Manager of the Month : September 2014 , December 2014 , February 2015 - Football League Two Manager of the Month : March 2016

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Darrell Clarke was the coach of which team in Feb 2015?

/wiki/Darrell_Clarke#P6087#1

Darrell Clarke Darrell James Clarke ( born 16 December 1977 ) is an English professional football manager and former player who played in the English Football League . He is the manager of League Two club Port Vale . A box-to-box midfielder , he began his career with Mansfield Town in 1995 , where he spent the first six years of his career , making 173 league and cup appearances . In 2001 , he transferred to Hartlepool United , where he spent another six years , making a further 136 appearances . He was sent out on loan to Stockport County , Port Vale , and Rochdale in the final years of his spell . In 2007 , he left the professional game to sign for Salisbury City , before taking up the management position at the club in 2010 . He led the club to promotion into the Conference Premier from the Southern League with two play-off final victories in three seasons . He was appointed manager of Bristol Rovers in March 2014 , but could not prevent the club from dropping out of the English Football League . However , one year later , Clarke successfully guided Bristol Rovers back into the Football League after winning the 2015 Conference Premier play-off Final , and then went on to take the club into League One with promotion out of League Two in 2015–16 . At the time of his departure in December 2018 , he was the fourth-longest serving manager in the EFL . He was appointed manager at Walsall in May 2019 and left the club in February 2021 to manage League Two rivals Port Vale . Playing career . Mansfield Town . Born in Mansfield , Nottinghamshire , Clarke stated that he was brought up on a rough estate . He started his career at Mansfield Town when he joined their youth set up at the age of just 10 . He made his way through the ranks and was offered a professional contract at Field Mill by Andy King in 1995 . Clarke made his first-team debut on 21 December 1996 , coming on as a half-time substitute for Ben Sedgemore in a 2–1 defeat at Cardiff City . He marked his home debut at Field Mill with a goal in a 2–0 victory over Doncaster Rovers . The Stags struggled near the foot of the Third Division in 1995–96 , rising to mid-table in 1996–97 and 1997–98 , before finishing one place outside the play-offs in 1998–99 . They then dropped back into the lower half of the table in 1999–2000 and 2000–01 after manager Steve Parkin was replaced by Bill Dearden . While at Mansfield he became a fan favourite , partly because he was a home grown talent . He made over 150 league and cup appearances for the club , scoring 27 goals . As his contract ran to its end , he attracted the attention of several other clubs and he was offered a contract at Hartlepool United by Chris Turner . Hartlepool United . Clarke signed for Hartlepool in July 2001 on a free transfer , courtesy of the Bosman ruling , but Hartlepool still had to pay £70,000 as he was under 24 . He was seen by many as the replacement for Tommy Miller . Clarke originally failed to cement his place in the starting 11 and found himself in and out of the team , making 26 league starts and 9 substitute appearances . However , he still managed to score seven league goals , including a hat-trick in a 7–1 win over Swansea City . The following season was much more successful for Clarke as he played in nearly all of Hartlepools matches and added another seven goals to his tally in Hartlepools promotion winning campaign . The arrival of manager Neale Cooper saw Clarkes opportunities in the first team in 2003–04 limited , as Eifion Williams was preferred on the right wing . Clarke only started 23 league matches , but he still managed to make a further 12 substitute appearances . In the 2004–05 season , Clarke suffered a knee injury that prevented him from taking part in any of Hartlepools league games . He was loaned out to Stockport County – managed by former Hartlepool boss Chris Turner – in order to gain fitness in January , but this was cut short as Clarke picked up another knee problem after just one game . His knee injury caused him to miss the second half of the campaign . In September 2005 Clarke was loaned to Port Vale , but played just two minutes after being utilised as a late substitute by manager Martin Foyle . Despite his return to full fitness being described by manager Martin Scott as a massive boost , his appearances were again limited once he returned to Victoria Park . In July 2006 he was loaned to Rochdale , where he made 12 appearances , scoring one goal . He was released by Pool manager Danny Wilson in May 2007 . Salisbury City . On 3 July 2007 he signed for newly promoted Conference Premier club Salisbury City . He was strongly influenced by former teammate Tommy Widdrington to make the switch South , and was the third signing made by Nick Holmes . He helped the club avoid relegation in the 2008–09 season , which was a good achievement for the club . At the beginning of the 2009–10 season he became Salisburys most senior player and was duly given the captains armband by Widdrington , who had recently been appointed manager . He captained the club to a mid-table finish , however , Salisbury were demoted down into the Southern League Premier Division as punishment for their severe financial problems . Style of play . Clarke was an energetic box-to-box midfielder who had an eye for goal , though defending was his weakness . Management career . Salisbury City . In July 2010 , Tommy Widdrington left Salisbury City for the job of assistant manager at Southend United . As a result of this , Clarke became joint caretaker manager beside Mikey Harris . The next month he was made player-manager on a permanent basis , with Harris as his assistant . He needed to secure an immediate promotion in order to maintain the funding to keep the club a full-time professional organization and so recruited young players freshly released from Football League clubs . However he lost top-scorer Matt Tubbs , who was sold for a club record £55,000 to Crawley Town . After his first season , the Whites won promotion from the Southern League Premier Division via the play-offs , winning 3–2 on penalties after a 2–2 draw with Hednesford Town . Clarke led Salisbury to the Second Round of the FA Trophy in his second season in charge . He also made history when his side beat Grimsby Town in the FA Cup Second Round , taking Salisbury to the Third Round of the FA Cup for the first time in the clubs history , where they faced Sheffield United at Bramall Lane . At the start of the campaign he had stated his intention to sign promising young players , and during the January transfer window he signed 19-year-old Matt Clark and former England youth player Abdulai Bell-Baggie , as well as 29-year-old striker Robbie Matthews . However , he also placed winger Charlie Knight on the transfer list along with striker Jake Reid , defender Josh Casey , and winger Adam Kelly . They finished the 2011–12 campaign comfortably in tenth place , and Clarke extended his contract at the club to another season . Clarkes pre-season signings for 2012–13 included Jamie White from Winchester City , James Clarke from Oxford City , and Theo Lewis after his release from Cheltenham Town . These signings proved successful , and helped to take Salisbury into second place in the Conference South by April . The teams success saw him strongly linked with the vacant management position at Hartlepool United in October 2012 , though he ultimately remained at Salisbury . The club finished four points behind champions Welling United , and had to make do with a play-off place . Promotion was secured with a 3–2 extra-time victory over Dover Athletic in the play-off final . Bristol Rovers . In June 2013 , Clarke was appointed as assistant manager of League Two club Bristol Rovers , supporting John Ward . Following another season of struggle at Rovers , Ward was moved to a role as Director of football and was replaced as manager by Clarke in March 2014 . His first game on 29 March ended with a 1–0 victory over Morecambe at the Memorial Stadium , and Clarke said that I tried to get my philosophy across today and I think we did it in spells and we need to more of that . Rovers were relegated out of the Football League on the final day of the 2013–14 after a 1–0 defeat to Mansfield Town ; a draw would have been enough to keep the club up , as they were relegated on goal difference . He oversaw a rapid turnover of players for the 2014–15 season , releasing 16 players and signing 13 players on free transfers , including striker Matty Taylor . His first task however was to remove ‘Clarke Out’ posters that had been placed around the training ground by disgruntled fans . After a poor start Rovers rose up the table and ended the campaign in second place , one point behind Barnet . Clarke led Rovers to promotion with a 5–3 penalty shoot-out victory over Grimsby Town at Wembley Stadium in the 2015 Conference Premier play-off Final on 17 May 2015 , after a 1–1 draw after extra time . He won three Manager of the Month awards during the season , in September , December and February . Rovers achieved a second successive promotion with a third-place finish in League Two in the 2015–16 campaign . Clarke was named as Manager of the Month for March after winning six of seven games by playing exciting and attacking football according to head judge George Burley . Promotion was achieved on the final day of the season with a stoppage-time winner against Dagenham & Redbridge , which took them above Accrington Stanley into third-place . Named as the Football League manager of the week , his citation stated that Clarke has performed wonders as his men have stormed up the table . On 27 May 2016 , Clarke turned down the opportunity to manage Championship club Leeds United and signed a new three-year contract with Bristol Rovers . He celebrated his 1000th day in charge of Rovers on 21 December 2016 with Rovers sitting 12th in the league heading into the Christmas period . He was named as EFL manager of the week after overseeing a 5–0 demolition of Northampton Town on 7 January . However that month he lost Matty Taylor after Bristol City activated his £300,000 release clause to make Taylor the first player to move from Rovers to City in 30 years . During late March 2017 , with his club sitting just outside the League One play off places , Norwich City were reported to be interested in Clarke following the sacking of previous manager Alex Neil . Whilst Clarke never turned down any potential offer he instead pledged his loyalty to Rovers instead , the announcement coming a day after his three-year anniversary of his first Rovers match in charge . Rovers finished in 10th-place in 2016–17 . In June 2017 , Clarke signed a new five-year contract . He was named as EFL manager of the week after overseeing a 6–0 win away at Northampton Town on 7 October despite missing his preferred centre-backs . However speaking later in December he said he felt let down by the club for its wage policy and infrastructure , saying they were 30 years behind other clubs . He further admitted some of his players were struggling with the increased expectations following recent successes , though Rovers still managed to end the 2017–18 campaign in 13th-place . Billy Bodin was sold to Preston North End for an undisclosed fee in January 2018 . In June 2018 he graduated with the FAs highest coaching qualification ( FA Level 5 UEFA Pro ) . The following month he sold forward Ellis Harrison to Ipswich Town for an undisclosed fee believed to be in the region of £750,000 . He left his post on 13 December 2018 following a run of seven defeats in ten matches ; at the time of his departure he was the fourth-longest serving manager in the EFL . Walsall . On 10 May 2019 , Clarke signing a three-year contract to become Walsalls new manager following their relegation into League Two at the end of the 2018–19 season . He signed 16 players as 23 departed – including midfielder George Dobson , who was sold on to Sunderland – and got off to a poor start after Walsall picked up just one win the opening ten games of the 2019–20 campaign , with the team sound defensively but failing to create any chances in a 5–3–2 formation . Form improved as Clarke switched to a 4–4–2 formation and got the best out of 22-year old Wes McDonald , however a run of six league defeats began in October and drew the club into a relegation battle , though was immediately followed by a run of only two defeats in 11 league games . Walsall were in mid-table when the season was ended early due to the COVID-19 pandemic in England and Walsall Supporters’ Trust secretary Steve Davies said that the team were starting to gel and the signing of Wes McDonald was key . Clarke went on to admit that the following campaign would likely see him focus more on youth as the club faced a challenging financial future due to the effects of the pandemic . He left the Bescot Stadium midway through the 2020–21 with Walsall 11th in the table after Port Vale agreed to pay Walsall a compensation package . Port Vale . On 15 February 2021 , Clarke was appointed as manager of Port Vale , who were 18th in League Two and without a permanent manager since the departure of John Askey at the start of January . He arrived a week after David Flitcrofts appointment as director of football . It took him eight games to get his first win as Vale manager , which came in a 2–1 victory over Newport County on 16 March at Vale Park . This was the first of six successive victories , the longest winning streak for the club since March 1996 . He was nominated for the League Two Manager of the Month award after his team picked up 16 out of an available 18 points in April , conceding just a single goal in the process . Port Vale ended the 2020–21 season in 13th-place and Clarke said that I can’t wait to get rid of the deadwood if I am honest . He released all 15 out of contract players and placed a further three contracted players on the transfer-list . Management style . Clarke is flexible with his formations and is open to different styles of playing rather than sticking to a rigid philosophy , believing that adaptability is key . He does though have a preference for playing with two strikers . He is known for his intense training sessions and for producing extremely detailed reports on opposition teams . At Bristol Rovers his team played an attacking , passing style and scored an average of close to two goals per game . A motivational manager , he sees a happy dressing room as an essential part of a winning team and has been described as having a bubbly and infectious personality , though has been quoted as saying Im not a cuddling manager.. . soft players dont win you promotions . His personality traits make him an energetic , passionate and frank manager . Honours . As a player . Hartlepool United - Football League Third Division runner-up : 2002–03 As a player-manager . Salisbury City - Southern Football League Premier Division play-offs : 2011 - Conference South play-offs : 2013 As a manager . Bristol Rovers - Conference Premier play-offs : 2015 - Football League Two third-place promotion : 2015–16 Individual - Conference Premier Manager of the Month : September 2014 , December 2014 , February 2015 - Football League Two Manager of the Month : March 2016

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Darrell Clarke was the coach of which team between Oct 2019 and Nov 2019?

/wiki/Darrell_Clarke#P6087#2

Darrell Clarke Darrell James Clarke ( born 16 December 1977 ) is an English professional football manager and former player who played in the English Football League . He is the manager of League Two club Port Vale . A box-to-box midfielder , he began his career with Mansfield Town in 1995 , where he spent the first six years of his career , making 173 league and cup appearances . In 2001 , he transferred to Hartlepool United , where he spent another six years , making a further 136 appearances . He was sent out on loan to Stockport County , Port Vale , and Rochdale in the final years of his spell . In 2007 , he left the professional game to sign for Salisbury City , before taking up the management position at the club in 2010 . He led the club to promotion into the Conference Premier from the Southern League with two play-off final victories in three seasons . He was appointed manager of Bristol Rovers in March 2014 , but could not prevent the club from dropping out of the English Football League . However , one year later , Clarke successfully guided Bristol Rovers back into the Football League after winning the 2015 Conference Premier play-off Final , and then went on to take the club into League One with promotion out of League Two in 2015–16 . At the time of his departure in December 2018 , he was the fourth-longest serving manager in the EFL . He was appointed manager at Walsall in May 2019 and left the club in February 2021 to manage League Two rivals Port Vale . Playing career . Mansfield Town . Born in Mansfield , Nottinghamshire , Clarke stated that he was brought up on a rough estate . He started his career at Mansfield Town when he joined their youth set up at the age of just 10 . He made his way through the ranks and was offered a professional contract at Field Mill by Andy King in 1995 . Clarke made his first-team debut on 21 December 1996 , coming on as a half-time substitute for Ben Sedgemore in a 2–1 defeat at Cardiff City . He marked his home debut at Field Mill with a goal in a 2–0 victory over Doncaster Rovers . The Stags struggled near the foot of the Third Division in 1995–96 , rising to mid-table in 1996–97 and 1997–98 , before finishing one place outside the play-offs in 1998–99 . They then dropped back into the lower half of the table in 1999–2000 and 2000–01 after manager Steve Parkin was replaced by Bill Dearden . While at Mansfield he became a fan favourite , partly because he was a home grown talent . He made over 150 league and cup appearances for the club , scoring 27 goals . As his contract ran to its end , he attracted the attention of several other clubs and he was offered a contract at Hartlepool United by Chris Turner . Hartlepool United . Clarke signed for Hartlepool in July 2001 on a free transfer , courtesy of the Bosman ruling , but Hartlepool still had to pay £70,000 as he was under 24 . He was seen by many as the replacement for Tommy Miller . Clarke originally failed to cement his place in the starting 11 and found himself in and out of the team , making 26 league starts and 9 substitute appearances . However , he still managed to score seven league goals , including a hat-trick in a 7–1 win over Swansea City . The following season was much more successful for Clarke as he played in nearly all of Hartlepools matches and added another seven goals to his tally in Hartlepools promotion winning campaign . The arrival of manager Neale Cooper saw Clarkes opportunities in the first team in 2003–04 limited , as Eifion Williams was preferred on the right wing . Clarke only started 23 league matches , but he still managed to make a further 12 substitute appearances . In the 2004–05 season , Clarke suffered a knee injury that prevented him from taking part in any of Hartlepools league games . He was loaned out to Stockport County – managed by former Hartlepool boss Chris Turner – in order to gain fitness in January , but this was cut short as Clarke picked up another knee problem after just one game . His knee injury caused him to miss the second half of the campaign . In September 2005 Clarke was loaned to Port Vale , but played just two minutes after being utilised as a late substitute by manager Martin Foyle . Despite his return to full fitness being described by manager Martin Scott as a massive boost , his appearances were again limited once he returned to Victoria Park . In July 2006 he was loaned to Rochdale , where he made 12 appearances , scoring one goal . He was released by Pool manager Danny Wilson in May 2007 . Salisbury City . On 3 July 2007 he signed for newly promoted Conference Premier club Salisbury City . He was strongly influenced by former teammate Tommy Widdrington to make the switch South , and was the third signing made by Nick Holmes . He helped the club avoid relegation in the 2008–09 season , which was a good achievement for the club . At the beginning of the 2009–10 season he became Salisburys most senior player and was duly given the captains armband by Widdrington , who had recently been appointed manager . He captained the club to a mid-table finish , however , Salisbury were demoted down into the Southern League Premier Division as punishment for their severe financial problems . Style of play . Clarke was an energetic box-to-box midfielder who had an eye for goal , though defending was his weakness . Management career . Salisbury City . In July 2010 , Tommy Widdrington left Salisbury City for the job of assistant manager at Southend United . As a result of this , Clarke became joint caretaker manager beside Mikey Harris . The next month he was made player-manager on a permanent basis , with Harris as his assistant . He needed to secure an immediate promotion in order to maintain the funding to keep the club a full-time professional organization and so recruited young players freshly released from Football League clubs . However he lost top-scorer Matt Tubbs , who was sold for a club record £55,000 to Crawley Town . After his first season , the Whites won promotion from the Southern League Premier Division via the play-offs , winning 3–2 on penalties after a 2–2 draw with Hednesford Town . Clarke led Salisbury to the Second Round of the FA Trophy in his second season in charge . He also made history when his side beat Grimsby Town in the FA Cup Second Round , taking Salisbury to the Third Round of the FA Cup for the first time in the clubs history , where they faced Sheffield United at Bramall Lane . At the start of the campaign he had stated his intention to sign promising young players , and during the January transfer window he signed 19-year-old Matt Clark and former England youth player Abdulai Bell-Baggie , as well as 29-year-old striker Robbie Matthews . However , he also placed winger Charlie Knight on the transfer list along with striker Jake Reid , defender Josh Casey , and winger Adam Kelly . They finished the 2011–12 campaign comfortably in tenth place , and Clarke extended his contract at the club to another season . Clarkes pre-season signings for 2012–13 included Jamie White from Winchester City , James Clarke from Oxford City , and Theo Lewis after his release from Cheltenham Town . These signings proved successful , and helped to take Salisbury into second place in the Conference South by April . The teams success saw him strongly linked with the vacant management position at Hartlepool United in October 2012 , though he ultimately remained at Salisbury . The club finished four points behind champions Welling United , and had to make do with a play-off place . Promotion was secured with a 3–2 extra-time victory over Dover Athletic in the play-off final . Bristol Rovers . In June 2013 , Clarke was appointed as assistant manager of League Two club Bristol Rovers , supporting John Ward . Following another season of struggle at Rovers , Ward was moved to a role as Director of football and was replaced as manager by Clarke in March 2014 . His first game on 29 March ended with a 1–0 victory over Morecambe at the Memorial Stadium , and Clarke said that I tried to get my philosophy across today and I think we did it in spells and we need to more of that . Rovers were relegated out of the Football League on the final day of the 2013–14 after a 1–0 defeat to Mansfield Town ; a draw would have been enough to keep the club up , as they were relegated on goal difference . He oversaw a rapid turnover of players for the 2014–15 season , releasing 16 players and signing 13 players on free transfers , including striker Matty Taylor . His first task however was to remove ‘Clarke Out’ posters that had been placed around the training ground by disgruntled fans . After a poor start Rovers rose up the table and ended the campaign in second place , one point behind Barnet . Clarke led Rovers to promotion with a 5–3 penalty shoot-out victory over Grimsby Town at Wembley Stadium in the 2015 Conference Premier play-off Final on 17 May 2015 , after a 1–1 draw after extra time . He won three Manager of the Month awards during the season , in September , December and February . Rovers achieved a second successive promotion with a third-place finish in League Two in the 2015–16 campaign . Clarke was named as Manager of the Month for March after winning six of seven games by playing exciting and attacking football according to head judge George Burley . Promotion was achieved on the final day of the season with a stoppage-time winner against Dagenham & Redbridge , which took them above Accrington Stanley into third-place . Named as the Football League manager of the week , his citation stated that Clarke has performed wonders as his men have stormed up the table . On 27 May 2016 , Clarke turned down the opportunity to manage Championship club Leeds United and signed a new three-year contract with Bristol Rovers . He celebrated his 1000th day in charge of Rovers on 21 December 2016 with Rovers sitting 12th in the league heading into the Christmas period . He was named as EFL manager of the week after overseeing a 5–0 demolition of Northampton Town on 7 January . However that month he lost Matty Taylor after Bristol City activated his £300,000 release clause to make Taylor the first player to move from Rovers to City in 30 years . During late March 2017 , with his club sitting just outside the League One play off places , Norwich City were reported to be interested in Clarke following the sacking of previous manager Alex Neil . Whilst Clarke never turned down any potential offer he instead pledged his loyalty to Rovers instead , the announcement coming a day after his three-year anniversary of his first Rovers match in charge . Rovers finished in 10th-place in 2016–17 . In June 2017 , Clarke signed a new five-year contract . He was named as EFL manager of the week after overseeing a 6–0 win away at Northampton Town on 7 October despite missing his preferred centre-backs . However speaking later in December he said he felt let down by the club for its wage policy and infrastructure , saying they were 30 years behind other clubs . He further admitted some of his players were struggling with the increased expectations following recent successes , though Rovers still managed to end the 2017–18 campaign in 13th-place . Billy Bodin was sold to Preston North End for an undisclosed fee in January 2018 . In June 2018 he graduated with the FAs highest coaching qualification ( FA Level 5 UEFA Pro ) . The following month he sold forward Ellis Harrison to Ipswich Town for an undisclosed fee believed to be in the region of £750,000 . He left his post on 13 December 2018 following a run of seven defeats in ten matches ; at the time of his departure he was the fourth-longest serving manager in the EFL . Walsall . On 10 May 2019 , Clarke signing a three-year contract to become Walsalls new manager following their relegation into League Two at the end of the 2018–19 season . He signed 16 players as 23 departed – including midfielder George Dobson , who was sold on to Sunderland – and got off to a poor start after Walsall picked up just one win the opening ten games of the 2019–20 campaign , with the team sound defensively but failing to create any chances in a 5–3–2 formation . Form improved as Clarke switched to a 4–4–2 formation and got the best out of 22-year old Wes McDonald , however a run of six league defeats began in October and drew the club into a relegation battle , though was immediately followed by a run of only two defeats in 11 league games . Walsall were in mid-table when the season was ended early due to the COVID-19 pandemic in England and Walsall Supporters’ Trust secretary Steve Davies said that the team were starting to gel and the signing of Wes McDonald was key . Clarke went on to admit that the following campaign would likely see him focus more on youth as the club faced a challenging financial future due to the effects of the pandemic . He left the Bescot Stadium midway through the 2020–21 with Walsall 11th in the table after Port Vale agreed to pay Walsall a compensation package . Port Vale . On 15 February 2021 , Clarke was appointed as manager of Port Vale , who were 18th in League Two and without a permanent manager since the departure of John Askey at the start of January . He arrived a week after David Flitcrofts appointment as director of football . It took him eight games to get his first win as Vale manager , which came in a 2–1 victory over Newport County on 16 March at Vale Park . This was the first of six successive victories , the longest winning streak for the club since March 1996 . He was nominated for the League Two Manager of the Month award after his team picked up 16 out of an available 18 points in April , conceding just a single goal in the process . Port Vale ended the 2020–21 season in 13th-place and Clarke said that I can’t wait to get rid of the deadwood if I am honest . He released all 15 out of contract players and placed a further three contracted players on the transfer-list . Management style . Clarke is flexible with his formations and is open to different styles of playing rather than sticking to a rigid philosophy , believing that adaptability is key . He does though have a preference for playing with two strikers . He is known for his intense training sessions and for producing extremely detailed reports on opposition teams . At Bristol Rovers his team played an attacking , passing style and scored an average of close to two goals per game . A motivational manager , he sees a happy dressing room as an essential part of a winning team and has been described as having a bubbly and infectious personality , though has been quoted as saying Im not a cuddling manager.. . soft players dont win you promotions . His personality traits make him an energetic , passionate and frank manager . Honours . As a player . Hartlepool United - Football League Third Division runner-up : 2002–03 As a player-manager . Salisbury City - Southern Football League Premier Division play-offs : 2011 - Conference South play-offs : 2013 As a manager . Bristol Rovers - Conference Premier play-offs : 2015 - Football League Two third-place promotion : 2015–16 Individual - Conference Premier Manager of the Month : September 2014 , December 2014 , February 2015 - Football League Two Manager of the Month : March 2016

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Which team did Alfredo Ortuño play for in Jul 2008?

/wiki/Alfredo_Ortuño#P54#0

Alfredo Ortuño Alfredo Ortuño Martínez ( born 21 January 1991 ) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Albacete Balompié as a forward . Club career . Born in Yecla , Region of Murcia , Ortuño graduated from Albacete Balompiés youth setup . On 20 December 2008 , while still a junior , he played his first match as a professional , coming on as a second-half substitute in a 0–3 away loss against UD Las Palmas for the Segunda División . In summer 2010 , Ortuño was definitely promoted to the main squad , but appeared rarely as the Castilla-La Mancha side dropped down a level . On 11 July 2011 , he moved to Getafe CF B in Segunda División B , and continued to compete in that level in the following seasons , representing Levante UD B and La Hoya Lorca CF . Ortuño joined Granada CF from La Liga on 17 January 2014 , being immediately loaned to Girona FC . He scored his first professional goal on the 25th , netting his teams only in a 1–1 home draw against SD Eibar ; he finished the campaign as club top scorer alongside Gerard Bordas , as the Catalans narrowly avoided relegation from the second level . On 28 July 2014 , Ortuño signed a new deal with Granada running until 2018 . He played his first game in the Spanish top flight on 23 August , featuring 45 minutes in a 2–1 home win over Deportivo de La Coruña . On 16 January 2015 , Ortuño was loaned to Las Palmas until June . After winning promotion to the top division he was bought outright for €1 million , signing a contract until 2019 but being loaned to Real Zaragoza in the second tier on 21 July . After an unassuming six-month spell at RCD Mallorca in 2016 , Ortuño joined fellow second tier club Cádiz CF on 4 August of that year , on loan . He scored a career-best 17 goals during the season , including braces against Getafe CF , AD Alcorcón and Córdoba CF . On 2 September 2017 , Ortuño cut ties with Las Palmas and signed a one-year deal with Real Valladolid the following day . Late in the month , however , he unilaterally terminated his contract with the latter , triggering a clause which meant he would not be able to compete in the Spanish second division that season . On 3 January 2018 , 27-year-old Ortuño moved abroad for the first time in his career and signed with Major League Soccers Real Salt Lake . He was released on 23 July , and joined his first club Albacete on a three-year deal just hours later . On 30 January 2019 , Ortuño was loaned to fellow second division side Extremadura UD until June . On 6 August , he moved to Real Oviedo of the same tier also in a temporary deal . Personal life . Ortuños younger brother , Juan Tomás , was also a footballer and a forward . He too was brought up at Albacete . External links . - LaLiga profile

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Which team did Alfredo Ortuño play for between Apr 2009 and Sep 2009?

/wiki/Alfredo_Ortuño#P54#1

Alfredo Ortuño Alfredo Ortuño Martínez ( born 21 January 1991 ) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Albacete Balompié as a forward . Club career . Born in Yecla , Region of Murcia , Ortuño graduated from Albacete Balompiés youth setup . On 20 December 2008 , while still a junior , he played his first match as a professional , coming on as a second-half substitute in a 0–3 away loss against UD Las Palmas for the Segunda División . In summer 2010 , Ortuño was definitely promoted to the main squad , but appeared rarely as the Castilla-La Mancha side dropped down a level . On 11 July 2011 , he moved to Getafe CF B in Segunda División B , and continued to compete in that level in the following seasons , representing Levante UD B and La Hoya Lorca CF . Ortuño joined Granada CF from La Liga on 17 January 2014 , being immediately loaned to Girona FC . He scored his first professional goal on the 25th , netting his teams only in a 1–1 home draw against SD Eibar ; he finished the campaign as club top scorer alongside Gerard Bordas , as the Catalans narrowly avoided relegation from the second level . On 28 July 2014 , Ortuño signed a new deal with Granada running until 2018 . He played his first game in the Spanish top flight on 23 August , featuring 45 minutes in a 2–1 home win over Deportivo de La Coruña . On 16 January 2015 , Ortuño was loaned to Las Palmas until June . After winning promotion to the top division he was bought outright for €1 million , signing a contract until 2019 but being loaned to Real Zaragoza in the second tier on 21 July . After an unassuming six-month spell at RCD Mallorca in 2016 , Ortuño joined fellow second tier club Cádiz CF on 4 August of that year , on loan . He scored a career-best 17 goals during the season , including braces against Getafe CF , AD Alcorcón and Córdoba CF . On 2 September 2017 , Ortuño cut ties with Las Palmas and signed a one-year deal with Real Valladolid the following day . Late in the month , however , he unilaterally terminated his contract with the latter , triggering a clause which meant he would not be able to compete in the Spanish second division that season . On 3 January 2018 , 27-year-old Ortuño moved abroad for the first time in his career and signed with Major League Soccers Real Salt Lake . He was released on 23 July , and joined his first club Albacete on a three-year deal just hours later . On 30 January 2019 , Ortuño was loaned to fellow second division side Extremadura UD until June . On 6 August , he moved to Real Oviedo of the same tier also in a temporary deal . Personal life . Ortuños younger brother , Juan Tomás , was also a footballer and a forward . He too was brought up at Albacete . External links . - LaLiga profile

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Which team did Alfredo Ortuño play for between Jul 2011 and Oct 2011?

/wiki/Alfredo_Ortuño#P54#2

Alfredo Ortuño Alfredo Ortuño Martínez ( born 21 January 1991 ) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Albacete Balompié as a forward . Club career . Born in Yecla , Region of Murcia , Ortuño graduated from Albacete Balompiés youth setup . On 20 December 2008 , while still a junior , he played his first match as a professional , coming on as a second-half substitute in a 0–3 away loss against UD Las Palmas for the Segunda División . In summer 2010 , Ortuño was definitely promoted to the main squad , but appeared rarely as the Castilla-La Mancha side dropped down a level . On 11 July 2011 , he moved to Getafe CF B in Segunda División B , and continued to compete in that level in the following seasons , representing Levante UD B and La Hoya Lorca CF . Ortuño joined Granada CF from La Liga on 17 January 2014 , being immediately loaned to Girona FC . He scored his first professional goal on the 25th , netting his teams only in a 1–1 home draw against SD Eibar ; he finished the campaign as club top scorer alongside Gerard Bordas , as the Catalans narrowly avoided relegation from the second level . On 28 July 2014 , Ortuño signed a new deal with Granada running until 2018 . He played his first game in the Spanish top flight on 23 August , featuring 45 minutes in a 2–1 home win over Deportivo de La Coruña . On 16 January 2015 , Ortuño was loaned to Las Palmas until June . After winning promotion to the top division he was bought outright for €1 million , signing a contract until 2019 but being loaned to Real Zaragoza in the second tier on 21 July . After an unassuming six-month spell at RCD Mallorca in 2016 , Ortuño joined fellow second tier club Cádiz CF on 4 August of that year , on loan . He scored a career-best 17 goals during the season , including braces against Getafe CF , AD Alcorcón and Córdoba CF . On 2 September 2017 , Ortuño cut ties with Las Palmas and signed a one-year deal with Real Valladolid the following day . Late in the month , however , he unilaterally terminated his contract with the latter , triggering a clause which meant he would not be able to compete in the Spanish second division that season . On 3 January 2018 , 27-year-old Ortuño moved abroad for the first time in his career and signed with Major League Soccers Real Salt Lake . He was released on 23 July , and joined his first club Albacete on a three-year deal just hours later . On 30 January 2019 , Ortuño was loaned to fellow second division side Extremadura UD until June . On 6 August , he moved to Real Oviedo of the same tier also in a temporary deal . Personal life . Ortuños younger brother , Juan Tomás , was also a footballer and a forward . He too was brought up at Albacete . External links . - LaLiga profile

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Which team did Alfredo Ortuño play for in Jun 2012?

/wiki/Alfredo_Ortuño#P54#3

Alfredo Ortuño Alfredo Ortuño Martínez ( born 21 January 1991 ) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Albacete Balompié as a forward . Club career . Born in Yecla , Region of Murcia , Ortuño graduated from Albacete Balompiés youth setup . On 20 December 2008 , while still a junior , he played his first match as a professional , coming on as a second-half substitute in a 0–3 away loss against UD Las Palmas for the Segunda División . In summer 2010 , Ortuño was definitely promoted to the main squad , but appeared rarely as the Castilla-La Mancha side dropped down a level . On 11 July 2011 , he moved to Getafe CF B in Segunda División B , and continued to compete in that level in the following seasons , representing Levante UD B and La Hoya Lorca CF . Ortuño joined Granada CF from La Liga on 17 January 2014 , being immediately loaned to Girona FC . He scored his first professional goal on the 25th , netting his teams only in a 1–1 home draw against SD Eibar ; he finished the campaign as club top scorer alongside Gerard Bordas , as the Catalans narrowly avoided relegation from the second level . On 28 July 2014 , Ortuño signed a new deal with Granada running until 2018 . He played his first game in the Spanish top flight on 23 August , featuring 45 minutes in a 2–1 home win over Deportivo de La Coruña . On 16 January 2015 , Ortuño was loaned to Las Palmas until June . After winning promotion to the top division he was bought outright for €1 million , signing a contract until 2019 but being loaned to Real Zaragoza in the second tier on 21 July . After an unassuming six-month spell at RCD Mallorca in 2016 , Ortuño joined fellow second tier club Cádiz CF on 4 August of that year , on loan . He scored a career-best 17 goals during the season , including braces against Getafe CF , AD Alcorcón and Córdoba CF . On 2 September 2017 , Ortuño cut ties with Las Palmas and signed a one-year deal with Real Valladolid the following day . Late in the month , however , he unilaterally terminated his contract with the latter , triggering a clause which meant he would not be able to compete in the Spanish second division that season . On 3 January 2018 , 27-year-old Ortuño moved abroad for the first time in his career and signed with Major League Soccers Real Salt Lake . He was released on 23 July , and joined his first club Albacete on a three-year deal just hours later . On 30 January 2019 , Ortuño was loaned to fellow second division side Extremadura UD until June . On 6 August , he moved to Real Oviedo of the same tier also in a temporary deal . Personal life . Ortuños younger brother , Juan Tomás , was also a footballer and a forward . He too was brought up at Albacete . External links . - LaLiga profile

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Which team did Alfredo Ortuño play for between Jul 2013 and Oct 2013?

/wiki/Alfredo_Ortuño#P54#4

Alfredo Ortuño Alfredo Ortuño Martínez ( born 21 January 1991 ) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Albacete Balompié as a forward . Club career . Born in Yecla , Region of Murcia , Ortuño graduated from Albacete Balompiés youth setup . On 20 December 2008 , while still a junior , he played his first match as a professional , coming on as a second-half substitute in a 0–3 away loss against UD Las Palmas for the Segunda División . In summer 2010 , Ortuño was definitely promoted to the main squad , but appeared rarely as the Castilla-La Mancha side dropped down a level . On 11 July 2011 , he moved to Getafe CF B in Segunda División B , and continued to compete in that level in the following seasons , representing Levante UD B and La Hoya Lorca CF . Ortuño joined Granada CF from La Liga on 17 January 2014 , being immediately loaned to Girona FC . He scored his first professional goal on the 25th , netting his teams only in a 1–1 home draw against SD Eibar ; he finished the campaign as club top scorer alongside Gerard Bordas , as the Catalans narrowly avoided relegation from the second level . On 28 July 2014 , Ortuño signed a new deal with Granada running until 2018 . He played his first game in the Spanish top flight on 23 August , featuring 45 minutes in a 2–1 home win over Deportivo de La Coruña . On 16 January 2015 , Ortuño was loaned to Las Palmas until June . After winning promotion to the top division he was bought outright for €1 million , signing a contract until 2019 but being loaned to Real Zaragoza in the second tier on 21 July . After an unassuming six-month spell at RCD Mallorca in 2016 , Ortuño joined fellow second tier club Cádiz CF on 4 August of that year , on loan . He scored a career-best 17 goals during the season , including braces against Getafe CF , AD Alcorcón and Córdoba CF . On 2 September 2017 , Ortuño cut ties with Las Palmas and signed a one-year deal with Real Valladolid the following day . Late in the month , however , he unilaterally terminated his contract with the latter , triggering a clause which meant he would not be able to compete in the Spanish second division that season . On 3 January 2018 , 27-year-old Ortuño moved abroad for the first time in his career and signed with Major League Soccers Real Salt Lake . He was released on 23 July , and joined his first club Albacete on a three-year deal just hours later . On 30 January 2019 , Ortuño was loaned to fellow second division side Extremadura UD until June . On 6 August , he moved to Real Oviedo of the same tier also in a temporary deal . Personal life . Ortuños younger brother , Juan Tomás , was also a footballer and a forward . He too was brought up at Albacete . External links . - LaLiga profile

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Which team did Alfredo Ortuño play for in Nov 2014?

/wiki/Alfredo_Ortuño#P54#5

Alfredo Ortuño Alfredo Ortuño Martínez ( born 21 January 1991 ) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Albacete Balompié as a forward . Club career . Born in Yecla , Region of Murcia , Ortuño graduated from Albacete Balompiés youth setup . On 20 December 2008 , while still a junior , he played his first match as a professional , coming on as a second-half substitute in a 0–3 away loss against UD Las Palmas for the Segunda División . In summer 2010 , Ortuño was definitely promoted to the main squad , but appeared rarely as the Castilla-La Mancha side dropped down a level . On 11 July 2011 , he moved to Getafe CF B in Segunda División B , and continued to compete in that level in the following seasons , representing Levante UD B and La Hoya Lorca CF . Ortuño joined Granada CF from La Liga on 17 January 2014 , being immediately loaned to Girona FC . He scored his first professional goal on the 25th , netting his teams only in a 1–1 home draw against SD Eibar ; he finished the campaign as club top scorer alongside Gerard Bordas , as the Catalans narrowly avoided relegation from the second level . On 28 July 2014 , Ortuño signed a new deal with Granada running until 2018 . He played his first game in the Spanish top flight on 23 August , featuring 45 minutes in a 2–1 home win over Deportivo de La Coruña . On 16 January 2015 , Ortuño was loaned to Las Palmas until June . After winning promotion to the top division he was bought outright for €1 million , signing a contract until 2019 but being loaned to Real Zaragoza in the second tier on 21 July . After an unassuming six-month spell at RCD Mallorca in 2016 , Ortuño joined fellow second tier club Cádiz CF on 4 August of that year , on loan . He scored a career-best 17 goals during the season , including braces against Getafe CF , AD Alcorcón and Córdoba CF . On 2 September 2017 , Ortuño cut ties with Las Palmas and signed a one-year deal with Real Valladolid the following day . Late in the month , however , he unilaterally terminated his contract with the latter , triggering a clause which meant he would not be able to compete in the Spanish second division that season . On 3 January 2018 , 27-year-old Ortuño moved abroad for the first time in his career and signed with Major League Soccers Real Salt Lake . He was released on 23 July , and joined his first club Albacete on a three-year deal just hours later . On 30 January 2019 , Ortuño was loaned to fellow second division side Extremadura UD until June . On 6 August , he moved to Real Oviedo of the same tier also in a temporary deal . Personal life . Ortuños younger brother , Juan Tomás , was also a footballer and a forward . He too was brought up at Albacete . External links . - LaLiga profile

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Which team did Alfredo Ortuño play for in 2015?

/wiki/Alfredo_Ortuño#P54#6

Alfredo Ortuño Alfredo Ortuño Martínez ( born 21 January 1991 ) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Albacete Balompié as a forward . Club career . Born in Yecla , Region of Murcia , Ortuño graduated from Albacete Balompiés youth setup . On 20 December 2008 , while still a junior , he played his first match as a professional , coming on as a second-half substitute in a 0–3 away loss against UD Las Palmas for the Segunda División . In summer 2010 , Ortuño was definitely promoted to the main squad , but appeared rarely as the Castilla-La Mancha side dropped down a level . On 11 July 2011 , he moved to Getafe CF B in Segunda División B , and continued to compete in that level in the following seasons , representing Levante UD B and La Hoya Lorca CF . Ortuño joined Granada CF from La Liga on 17 January 2014 , being immediately loaned to Girona FC . He scored his first professional goal on the 25th , netting his teams only in a 1–1 home draw against SD Eibar ; he finished the campaign as club top scorer alongside Gerard Bordas , as the Catalans narrowly avoided relegation from the second level . On 28 July 2014 , Ortuño signed a new deal with Granada running until 2018 . He played his first game in the Spanish top flight on 23 August , featuring 45 minutes in a 2–1 home win over Deportivo de La Coruña . On 16 January 2015 , Ortuño was loaned to Las Palmas until June . After winning promotion to the top division he was bought outright for €1 million , signing a contract until 2019 but being loaned to Real Zaragoza in the second tier on 21 July . After an unassuming six-month spell at RCD Mallorca in 2016 , Ortuño joined fellow second tier club Cádiz CF on 4 August of that year , on loan . He scored a career-best 17 goals during the season , including braces against Getafe CF , AD Alcorcón and Córdoba CF . On 2 September 2017 , Ortuño cut ties with Las Palmas and signed a one-year deal with Real Valladolid the following day . Late in the month , however , he unilaterally terminated his contract with the latter , triggering a clause which meant he would not be able to compete in the Spanish second division that season . On 3 January 2018 , 27-year-old Ortuño moved abroad for the first time in his career and signed with Major League Soccers Real Salt Lake . He was released on 23 July , and joined his first club Albacete on a three-year deal just hours later . On 30 January 2019 , Ortuño was loaned to fellow second division side Extremadura UD until June . On 6 August , he moved to Real Oviedo of the same tier also in a temporary deal . Personal life . Ortuños younger brother , Juan Tomás , was also a footballer and a forward . He too was brought up at Albacete . External links . - LaLiga profile

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Which team did Alfredo Ortuño play for between Mar 2015 and Apr 2015?

/wiki/Alfredo_Ortuño#P54#7

Alfredo Ortuño Alfredo Ortuño Martínez ( born 21 January 1991 ) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Albacete Balompié as a forward . Club career . Born in Yecla , Region of Murcia , Ortuño graduated from Albacete Balompiés youth setup . On 20 December 2008 , while still a junior , he played his first match as a professional , coming on as a second-half substitute in a 0–3 away loss against UD Las Palmas for the Segunda División . In summer 2010 , Ortuño was definitely promoted to the main squad , but appeared rarely as the Castilla-La Mancha side dropped down a level . On 11 July 2011 , he moved to Getafe CF B in Segunda División B , and continued to compete in that level in the following seasons , representing Levante UD B and La Hoya Lorca CF . Ortuño joined Granada CF from La Liga on 17 January 2014 , being immediately loaned to Girona FC . He scored his first professional goal on the 25th , netting his teams only in a 1–1 home draw against SD Eibar ; he finished the campaign as club top scorer alongside Gerard Bordas , as the Catalans narrowly avoided relegation from the second level . On 28 July 2014 , Ortuño signed a new deal with Granada running until 2018 . He played his first game in the Spanish top flight on 23 August , featuring 45 minutes in a 2–1 home win over Deportivo de La Coruña . On 16 January 2015 , Ortuño was loaned to Las Palmas until June . After winning promotion to the top division he was bought outright for €1 million , signing a contract until 2019 but being loaned to Real Zaragoza in the second tier on 21 July . After an unassuming six-month spell at RCD Mallorca in 2016 , Ortuño joined fellow second tier club Cádiz CF on 4 August of that year , on loan . He scored a career-best 17 goals during the season , including braces against Getafe CF , AD Alcorcón and Córdoba CF . On 2 September 2017 , Ortuño cut ties with Las Palmas and signed a one-year deal with Real Valladolid the following day . Late in the month , however , he unilaterally terminated his contract with the latter , triggering a clause which meant he would not be able to compete in the Spanish second division that season . On 3 January 2018 , 27-year-old Ortuño moved abroad for the first time in his career and signed with Major League Soccers Real Salt Lake . He was released on 23 July , and joined his first club Albacete on a three-year deal just hours later . On 30 January 2019 , Ortuño was loaned to fellow second division side Extremadura UD until June . On 6 August , he moved to Real Oviedo of the same tier also in a temporary deal . Personal life . Ortuños younger brother , Juan Tomás , was also a footballer and a forward . He too was brought up at Albacete . External links . - LaLiga profile

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Which team did the player Gabriel Gervais belong to in Nov 2000?

/wiki/Gabriel_Gervais#P54#0

Gabriel Gervais Gabriel Gervais ( born September 18 , 1976 ) is a retired defender who played for the Montreal Impact and Canada . Club career . Gervais was born in Montreal , Canada . During this tenure with the Montreal Impact Gervais helped the club win the league championship in 2004 , as well as the regular season championships in 2005 and 2006 . He was proclaimed Defensive Player of the Year for the Impact three times in 2002 , 2003 and 2006 , and won the Giuseppe-Saputo Trophy in 2004 , awarded to the most valuable player of the Impact . Gervais was also named Defender of the Year in the USL First Division in 2003 , 2004 and 2006 , becoming the first player in the league to win that award three times . Gervais was also picked on the USL First Division All-League Team for six straight years , from 2002 to 2007 . On January 6 , 2009 Gervais announced his retirement from soccer , after a nine-year career in the United Soccer Leagues First Division . On April 15 , 2009 during the Montreal Impacts pre-season banquet the club honoured Gervais by recognizing him as a Team Builder and was made an ambassador to the club . Gervais had a stint in the National Professional Soccer League with the short lived expansion franchise the Toronto ThunderHawks during the 2000–2001 winter indoor season . He helped the ThunderHawks reach the postseason by finishing second in the National Conference , and reached the Conference finals where they were defeated by the Milwaukee Wave . International career . Gervais made his national team debut on January 18 , 2004 in a 1–0 win against Barbados . He was invited to the Canadian World Cup teams training camp held between January 12 and January 23 , 2004 in Fort Lauderdale , following the hiring of Frank Yallop as new head coach . That was his first invitation at that level – Gervais played his first game for the Canadian national team on January 18 , 2004 against Barbados . He helped his team beat Barbados 1–0 . He played against Guatemala September 8 , 2004 in a World Cup qualifying game . He played an international friendly against Northern Ireland on February 9 , 2005 in Belfast where he received two yellow cards and was sent off . He was invited to the Canadian national teams training camp in Fort Lauderdale from June 4–9 , 2005 , and to the Gold Cup , from July 6–24 . Though he missed the opening game for Canada at the Gold Cup against Costa Rica due to injury , he started and played 90 minutes against the USA on July 9 , as well as playing against Cuba on July 12 . Personal life . After his retirement , he graduated from the MBA program at McGill University in Montreal . Honours . Montreal Impact . - USL First Division Championship ( 1 ) : 2004 - USL First Division Commissioners Cup ( 2 ) : 2005 , 2006 - Voyageurs Cup Champions ( 5 ) : 2004 , 2005 , 2006 , 2007 , 2008 Rochester Raging Rhinos . - USL First Division Championship ( 2 ) : 2000 , 2001 Career statistics . - Notes External links . - Gervais @ impactmontreal.com - Profile from Canadian Soccer Association

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Which team did the player Gabriel Gervais belong to between Feb 2002 and Nov 2002?

/wiki/Gabriel_Gervais#P54#1

Gabriel Gervais Gabriel Gervais ( born September 18 , 1976 ) is a retired defender who played for the Montreal Impact and Canada . Club career . Gervais was born in Montreal , Canada . During this tenure with the Montreal Impact Gervais helped the club win the league championship in 2004 , as well as the regular season championships in 2005 and 2006 . He was proclaimed Defensive Player of the Year for the Impact three times in 2002 , 2003 and 2006 , and won the Giuseppe-Saputo Trophy in 2004 , awarded to the most valuable player of the Impact . Gervais was also named Defender of the Year in the USL First Division in 2003 , 2004 and 2006 , becoming the first player in the league to win that award three times . Gervais was also picked on the USL First Division All-League Team for six straight years , from 2002 to 2007 . On January 6 , 2009 Gervais announced his retirement from soccer , after a nine-year career in the United Soccer Leagues First Division . On April 15 , 2009 during the Montreal Impacts pre-season banquet the club honoured Gervais by recognizing him as a Team Builder and was made an ambassador to the club . Gervais had a stint in the National Professional Soccer League with the short lived expansion franchise the Toronto ThunderHawks during the 2000–2001 winter indoor season . He helped the ThunderHawks reach the postseason by finishing second in the National Conference , and reached the Conference finals where they were defeated by the Milwaukee Wave . International career . Gervais made his national team debut on January 18 , 2004 in a 1–0 win against Barbados . He was invited to the Canadian World Cup teams training camp held between January 12 and January 23 , 2004 in Fort Lauderdale , following the hiring of Frank Yallop as new head coach . That was his first invitation at that level – Gervais played his first game for the Canadian national team on January 18 , 2004 against Barbados . He helped his team beat Barbados 1–0 . He played against Guatemala September 8 , 2004 in a World Cup qualifying game . He played an international friendly against Northern Ireland on February 9 , 2005 in Belfast where he received two yellow cards and was sent off . He was invited to the Canadian national teams training camp in Fort Lauderdale from June 4–9 , 2005 , and to the Gold Cup , from July 6–24 . Though he missed the opening game for Canada at the Gold Cup against Costa Rica due to injury , he started and played 90 minutes against the USA on July 9 , as well as playing against Cuba on July 12 . Personal life . After his retirement , he graduated from the MBA program at McGill University in Montreal . Honours . Montreal Impact . - USL First Division Championship ( 1 ) : 2004 - USL First Division Commissioners Cup ( 2 ) : 2005 , 2006 - Voyageurs Cup Champions ( 5 ) : 2004 , 2005 , 2006 , 2007 , 2008 Rochester Raging Rhinos . - USL First Division Championship ( 2 ) : 2000 , 2001 Career statistics . - Notes External links . - Gervais @ impactmontreal.com - Profile from Canadian Soccer Association

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Which team did the player Gabriel Gervais belong to between Aug 2005 and Jun 2006?

/wiki/Gabriel_Gervais#P54#2

Gabriel Gervais Gabriel Gervais ( born September 18 , 1976 ) is a retired defender who played for the Montreal Impact and Canada . Club career . Gervais was born in Montreal , Canada . During this tenure with the Montreal Impact Gervais helped the club win the league championship in 2004 , as well as the regular season championships in 2005 and 2006 . He was proclaimed Defensive Player of the Year for the Impact three times in 2002 , 2003 and 2006 , and won the Giuseppe-Saputo Trophy in 2004 , awarded to the most valuable player of the Impact . Gervais was also named Defender of the Year in the USL First Division in 2003 , 2004 and 2006 , becoming the first player in the league to win that award three times . Gervais was also picked on the USL First Division All-League Team for six straight years , from 2002 to 2007 . On January 6 , 2009 Gervais announced his retirement from soccer , after a nine-year career in the United Soccer Leagues First Division . On April 15 , 2009 during the Montreal Impacts pre-season banquet the club honoured Gervais by recognizing him as a Team Builder and was made an ambassador to the club . Gervais had a stint in the National Professional Soccer League with the short lived expansion franchise the Toronto ThunderHawks during the 2000–2001 winter indoor season . He helped the ThunderHawks reach the postseason by finishing second in the National Conference , and reached the Conference finals where they were defeated by the Milwaukee Wave . International career . Gervais made his national team debut on January 18 , 2004 in a 1–0 win against Barbados . He was invited to the Canadian World Cup teams training camp held between January 12 and January 23 , 2004 in Fort Lauderdale , following the hiring of Frank Yallop as new head coach . That was his first invitation at that level – Gervais played his first game for the Canadian national team on January 18 , 2004 against Barbados . He helped his team beat Barbados 1–0 . He played against Guatemala September 8 , 2004 in a World Cup qualifying game . He played an international friendly against Northern Ireland on February 9 , 2005 in Belfast where he received two yellow cards and was sent off . He was invited to the Canadian national teams training camp in Fort Lauderdale from June 4–9 , 2005 , and to the Gold Cup , from July 6–24 . Though he missed the opening game for Canada at the Gold Cup against Costa Rica due to injury , he started and played 90 minutes against the USA on July 9 , as well as playing against Cuba on July 12 . Personal life . After his retirement , he graduated from the MBA program at McGill University in Montreal . Honours . Montreal Impact . - USL First Division Championship ( 1 ) : 2004 - USL First Division Commissioners Cup ( 2 ) : 2005 , 2006 - Voyageurs Cup Champions ( 5 ) : 2004 , 2005 , 2006 , 2007 , 2008 Rochester Raging Rhinos . - USL First Division Championship ( 2 ) : 2000 , 2001 Career statistics . - Notes External links . - Gervais @ impactmontreal.com - Profile from Canadian Soccer Association

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What position did Pope Innocent VI take between May 1352 and Jun 1352?

/wiki/Pope_Innocent_VI#P39#0

Pope Innocent VI Pope Innocent VI ( ; 1282 or 1295 – 12 September 1362 ) , born Étienne Aubert , was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 December 1352 to his death in 1362 . He was the fifth Avignon pope and the only one with the pontifical name of Innocent . Early life . Étiennes father was Adhemar Aubert ( 1260-? ) , seigneur de Montel-de-Gelat in Limousin province . He was a native of the hamlet of Les Monts , Diocese of Limoges ( today part of the commune of Beyssac , département of Corrèze ) , and , after having taught civil law at Toulouse , he became successively Bishop of Noyon in 1338 and Bishop of Clermont in 1340 . On 20 September 1342 , he was raised to the position of Cardinal Priest of SS . John and Paul . He was made cardinal-bishop of Ostia and Velletri on 13 February 1352 , by Pope Clement VI , whom he succeeded . His papacy . Etienne was crowned pope on 30 December 1352 by Cardinal Gaillard de la Mothe after the papal conclave of 1352 . Upon his election , he revoked a signed agreement stating the college of cardinals was superior to the pope . His subsequent policy compares favourably with that of the other Avignon Popes . He introduced many needed reforms in the administration of church affairs , and through his legate , Cardinal Albornoz , who was accompanied by Rienzi , he sought to restore order in Rome . In 1355 , Charles IV , Holy Roman Emperor , was crowned in Rome with Innocents permission , after having made an oath that he would quit the city on the day of the ceremony . It was largely through the exertions of Innocent VI that the Treaty of Brétigny ( 1360 ) between France and England was brought about . During his pontificate , the Byzantine emperor John V Palaeologus offered to submit the Greek Orthodox Church to the Roman See in return for assistance against John VI Cantacuzenus . The resources at the disposal of the Pope , however , were all required for exigencies nearer home , and the offer was declined . Most of the wealth accumulated by John XXII and Benedict XII had been lost during the extravagant pontificate of Clement VI . Innocent VI economised by cutting the chapel staff ( capellani capelle ) from twelve to eight . Works of art were sold rather than commissioned . His pontificate was dominated by the war in Italy and by Avignons recovery from the plague , both of which made draining demands on his treasury . By 1357 , he was complaining of poverty . Innocent VI was a liberal patron of letters . If the extreme severity of his measures against the Fraticelli is ignored , he retains a high reputation for justice and mercy . However , St . Bridget of Sweden denounced him as a persecutor of Christians . He died on 12 September 1362 and was succeeded by Urban V . Today his tomb can be found in the Chartreuse du Val de Bénédiction , the Carthusian monastery in Villeneuve-lès-Avignon .

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What position did Pope Innocent VI take in Dec 1352?

/wiki/Pope_Innocent_VI#P39#1

Pope Innocent VI Pope Innocent VI ( ; 1282 or 1295 – 12 September 1362 ) , born Étienne Aubert , was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 December 1352 to his death in 1362 . He was the fifth Avignon pope and the only one with the pontifical name of Innocent . Early life . Étiennes father was Adhemar Aubert ( 1260-? ) , seigneur de Montel-de-Gelat in Limousin province . He was a native of the hamlet of Les Monts , Diocese of Limoges ( today part of the commune of Beyssac , département of Corrèze ) , and , after having taught civil law at Toulouse , he became successively Bishop of Noyon in 1338 and Bishop of Clermont in 1340 . On 20 September 1342 , he was raised to the position of Cardinal Priest of SS . John and Paul . He was made cardinal-bishop of Ostia and Velletri on 13 February 1352 , by Pope Clement VI , whom he succeeded . His papacy . Etienne was crowned pope on 30 December 1352 by Cardinal Gaillard de la Mothe after the papal conclave of 1352 . Upon his election , he revoked a signed agreement stating the college of cardinals was superior to the pope . His subsequent policy compares favourably with that of the other Avignon Popes . He introduced many needed reforms in the administration of church affairs , and through his legate , Cardinal Albornoz , who was accompanied by Rienzi , he sought to restore order in Rome . In 1355 , Charles IV , Holy Roman Emperor , was crowned in Rome with Innocents permission , after having made an oath that he would quit the city on the day of the ceremony . It was largely through the exertions of Innocent VI that the Treaty of Brétigny ( 1360 ) between France and England was brought about . During his pontificate , the Byzantine emperor John V Palaeologus offered to submit the Greek Orthodox Church to the Roman See in return for assistance against John VI Cantacuzenus . The resources at the disposal of the Pope , however , were all required for exigencies nearer home , and the offer was declined . Most of the wealth accumulated by John XXII and Benedict XII had been lost during the extravagant pontificate of Clement VI . Innocent VI economised by cutting the chapel staff ( capellani capelle ) from twelve to eight . Works of art were sold rather than commissioned . His pontificate was dominated by the war in Italy and by Avignons recovery from the plague , both of which made draining demands on his treasury . By 1357 , he was complaining of poverty . Innocent VI was a liberal patron of letters . If the extreme severity of his measures against the Fraticelli is ignored , he retains a high reputation for justice and mercy . However , St . Bridget of Sweden denounced him as a persecutor of Christians . He died on 12 September 1362 and was succeeded by Urban V . Today his tomb can be found in the Chartreuse du Val de Bénédiction , the Carthusian monastery in Villeneuve-lès-Avignon .

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What position did Pope Innocent VI take in late 1350s?

/wiki/Pope_Innocent_VI#P39#2

Pope Innocent VI Pope Innocent VI ( ; 1282 or 1295 – 12 September 1362 ) , born Étienne Aubert , was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 December 1352 to his death in 1362 . He was the fifth Avignon pope and the only one with the pontifical name of Innocent . Early life . Étiennes father was Adhemar Aubert ( 1260-? ) , seigneur de Montel-de-Gelat in Limousin province . He was a native of the hamlet of Les Monts , Diocese of Limoges ( today part of the commune of Beyssac , département of Corrèze ) , and , after having taught civil law at Toulouse , he became successively Bishop of Noyon in 1338 and Bishop of Clermont in 1340 . On 20 September 1342 , he was raised to the position of Cardinal Priest of SS . John and Paul . He was made cardinal-bishop of Ostia and Velletri on 13 February 1352 , by Pope Clement VI , whom he succeeded . His papacy . Etienne was crowned pope on 30 December 1352 by Cardinal Gaillard de la Mothe after the papal conclave of 1352 . Upon his election , he revoked a signed agreement stating the college of cardinals was superior to the pope . His subsequent policy compares favourably with that of the other Avignon Popes . He introduced many needed reforms in the administration of church affairs , and through his legate , Cardinal Albornoz , who was accompanied by Rienzi , he sought to restore order in Rome . In 1355 , Charles IV , Holy Roman Emperor , was crowned in Rome with Innocents permission , after having made an oath that he would quit the city on the day of the ceremony . It was largely through the exertions of Innocent VI that the Treaty of Brétigny ( 1360 ) between France and England was brought about . During his pontificate , the Byzantine emperor John V Palaeologus offered to submit the Greek Orthodox Church to the Roman See in return for assistance against John VI Cantacuzenus . The resources at the disposal of the Pope , however , were all required for exigencies nearer home , and the offer was declined . Most of the wealth accumulated by John XXII and Benedict XII had been lost during the extravagant pontificate of Clement VI . Innocent VI economised by cutting the chapel staff ( capellani capelle ) from twelve to eight . Works of art were sold rather than commissioned . His pontificate was dominated by the war in Italy and by Avignons recovery from the plague , both of which made draining demands on his treasury . By 1357 , he was complaining of poverty . Innocent VI was a liberal patron of letters . If the extreme severity of his measures against the Fraticelli is ignored , he retains a high reputation for justice and mercy . However , St . Bridget of Sweden denounced him as a persecutor of Christians . He died on 12 September 1362 and was succeeded by Urban V . Today his tomb can be found in the Chartreuse du Val de Bénédiction , the Carthusian monastery in Villeneuve-lès-Avignon .

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What position did Pope Innocent VI take in Apr 1363?

/wiki/Pope_Innocent_VI#P39#3

Pope Innocent VI Pope Innocent VI ( ; 1282 or 1295 – 12 September 1362 ) , born Étienne Aubert , was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 December 1352 to his death in 1362 . He was the fifth Avignon pope and the only one with the pontifical name of Innocent . Early life . Étiennes father was Adhemar Aubert ( 1260-? ) , seigneur de Montel-de-Gelat in Limousin province . He was a native of the hamlet of Les Monts , Diocese of Limoges ( today part of the commune of Beyssac , département of Corrèze ) , and , after having taught civil law at Toulouse , he became successively Bishop of Noyon in 1338 and Bishop of Clermont in 1340 . On 20 September 1342 , he was raised to the position of Cardinal Priest of SS . John and Paul . He was made cardinal-bishop of Ostia and Velletri on 13 February 1352 , by Pope Clement VI , whom he succeeded . His papacy . Etienne was crowned pope on 30 December 1352 by Cardinal Gaillard de la Mothe after the papal conclave of 1352 . Upon his election , he revoked a signed agreement stating the college of cardinals was superior to the pope . His subsequent policy compares favourably with that of the other Avignon Popes . He introduced many needed reforms in the administration of church affairs , and through his legate , Cardinal Albornoz , who was accompanied by Rienzi , he sought to restore order in Rome . In 1355 , Charles IV , Holy Roman Emperor , was crowned in Rome with Innocents permission , after having made an oath that he would quit the city on the day of the ceremony . It was largely through the exertions of Innocent VI that the Treaty of Brétigny ( 1360 ) between France and England was brought about . During his pontificate , the Byzantine emperor John V Palaeologus offered to submit the Greek Orthodox Church to the Roman See in return for assistance against John VI Cantacuzenus . The resources at the disposal of the Pope , however , were all required for exigencies nearer home , and the offer was declined . Most of the wealth accumulated by John XXII and Benedict XII had been lost during the extravagant pontificate of Clement VI . Innocent VI economised by cutting the chapel staff ( capellani capelle ) from twelve to eight . Works of art were sold rather than commissioned . His pontificate was dominated by the war in Italy and by Avignons recovery from the plague , both of which made draining demands on his treasury . By 1357 , he was complaining of poverty . Innocent VI was a liberal patron of letters . If the extreme severity of his measures against the Fraticelli is ignored , he retains a high reputation for justice and mercy . However , St . Bridget of Sweden denounced him as a persecutor of Christians . He died on 12 September 1362 and was succeeded by Urban V . Today his tomb can be found in the Chartreuse du Val de Bénédiction , the Carthusian monastery in Villeneuve-lès-Avignon .

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What was the working location for Isaac de Jouderville between Oct 1629 and Nov 1629?

/wiki/Isaac_de_Jouderville#P937#0

Isaac de Jouderville Isaac de Jouderville ( 1612 in Leiden – 1645 in Amsterdam ) , was a Dutch Golden Age painter who was a pupil of Rembrandt . Biography . De Jouderville was an orphan whose parents had come from Metz . He became a pupil of Rembrandt in November 1629 and traveled with him to Amsterdam in 1631 . Documents concerning his apprenticeship drawn up by his guardians still exist . He was back in Leiden to marry Maria le Febure ( 1619-1653 ) in 1636 and moved to Deventer in 1641 . He lived in Deventer for a few years only ; in 1643 he was back in Amsterdam , where he died young in 1645 . His widow Maria married the glassmaker Pieter de Melder in 1648 and his daughter Mariecke , later married the painter Frederik de Moucheron . After Maria le Febure died , her second husband claimed he was unable to support his wifes three children by her first husband , along with his own two children , though he offered to raise Jacob Jouderville to the age of 18 . By that time De Melder was acting as art dealer , and the liquidation of his wifes goods shows an interesting list of artists who were either owed money by her estate or who owed money to her estate st.=pieces ) : Owers to the estate . - Bartholomeus van der Helst 31 f . 11 st . - Simon de Vlieger 15 f . 6 st . - Claes Outhuysen 3 f . 4 st . - Steven van Goor 6 f . 2 st . - Hendrick Mombers of Haarlem 138 f . 5 st . - de Jonge Beecker 26 f . - Hermanus Nauwingh of Hamburgh 5 f . 14 st . - Johannes Lingelbach 19 st . - Marten Switzer ( Kretser ? ) 7 f . - Jan Looten 20 f . 3 st . - Hendrik Ulenburgh 105 f . 10 st . - Johannes de Renialme 4 f . 12 st . - the son of the councilman Dr . Tulp 14 f . 15 st . - Johannes Victor 9 f . 19 st . - Paulus Henneken 3 f . 19 st . - Willem van de Velde 2 f . 16 st . - Simon Luttichuysen 5 f . 12 st . - Ferdinandus de Bos ( Bol ? ) 1 f . 2 st . - Sr . Stockade 1 f. . Owed by the estate . - Jacob Coningh 14 f . 15 st . - Kamphuijsen , painter , 14 f . 5 st . - the assistant van Camphuijsen 11 f . 8 st . - Mr . Schendel 5 f . 11 st. . - Jannetje living in Dordrecht must receive for speldewerck ( needlework ) bought from her 270 f . 19 st . - Agnietje van Dalm ibid 159 f . 11 st . - Johannes Boot , as stated above , 269 f . - Teunis Teunisz . van Bronckhorst must receive for delivered frames 28 f . 1 st . - Philips Wouwerman , painter , must receive 64 f . - Job Bercheyden , painter , must receive [ left blank ] . Isaac de Joudervilles painting Man in Oriental costume was featured in the fourth episode of the BBC TV programme , Fake or Fortune? . This painting was part of the stock of dealers Jakob and Rosa Oppenheimer that was seized by the Nazis and sold in 1935 . It resurfaced at a Cape Town auction house in 2010 . It was then , and still is today , listed in the Lost Art Database run by the Koordinierungsstelle für Kulturgutverluste in Magdeburg , Germany . It was subject to a long legal dispute as to whether the work was listed there legally . In February 2015 the Federal Administrative Court of Germany held that the Koordinierungsstelle did not have to delete it . Jouderville is known today for portraits and historical allegories . Jouderville painted mainly Rembrandtesque heads or ‘tronies’ . He was such a faithful follower of his master’s early work that several of his paintings were previously attributed to Rembrandt .

hard

What was the working location for Isaac de Jouderville between Aug 1631 and Dec 1631?

/wiki/Isaac_de_Jouderville#P937#1

Isaac de Jouderville Isaac de Jouderville ( 1612 in Leiden – 1645 in Amsterdam ) , was a Dutch Golden Age painter who was a pupil of Rembrandt . Biography . De Jouderville was an orphan whose parents had come from Metz . He became a pupil of Rembrandt in November 1629 and traveled with him to Amsterdam in 1631 . Documents concerning his apprenticeship drawn up by his guardians still exist . He was back in Leiden to marry Maria le Febure ( 1619-1653 ) in 1636 and moved to Deventer in 1641 . He lived in Deventer for a few years only ; in 1643 he was back in Amsterdam , where he died young in 1645 . His widow Maria married the glassmaker Pieter de Melder in 1648 and his daughter Mariecke , later married the painter Frederik de Moucheron . After Maria le Febure died , her second husband claimed he was unable to support his wifes three children by her first husband , along with his own two children , though he offered to raise Jacob Jouderville to the age of 18 . By that time De Melder was acting as art dealer , and the liquidation of his wifes goods shows an interesting list of artists who were either owed money by her estate or who owed money to her estate st.=pieces ) : Owers to the estate . - Bartholomeus van der Helst 31 f . 11 st . - Simon de Vlieger 15 f . 6 st . - Claes Outhuysen 3 f . 4 st . - Steven van Goor 6 f . 2 st . - Hendrick Mombers of Haarlem 138 f . 5 st . - de Jonge Beecker 26 f . - Hermanus Nauwingh of Hamburgh 5 f . 14 st . - Johannes Lingelbach 19 st . - Marten Switzer ( Kretser ? ) 7 f . - Jan Looten 20 f . 3 st . - Hendrik Ulenburgh 105 f . 10 st . - Johannes de Renialme 4 f . 12 st . - the son of the councilman Dr . Tulp 14 f . 15 st . - Johannes Victor 9 f . 19 st . - Paulus Henneken 3 f . 19 st . - Willem van de Velde 2 f . 16 st . - Simon Luttichuysen 5 f . 12 st . - Ferdinandus de Bos ( Bol ? ) 1 f . 2 st . - Sr . Stockade 1 f. . Owed by the estate . - Jacob Coningh 14 f . 15 st . - Kamphuijsen , painter , 14 f . 5 st . - the assistant van Camphuijsen 11 f . 8 st . - Mr . Schendel 5 f . 11 st. . - Jannetje living in Dordrecht must receive for speldewerck ( needlework ) bought from her 270 f . 19 st . - Agnietje van Dalm ibid 159 f . 11 st . - Johannes Boot , as stated above , 269 f . - Teunis Teunisz . van Bronckhorst must receive for delivered frames 28 f . 1 st . - Philips Wouwerman , painter , must receive 64 f . - Job Bercheyden , painter , must receive [ left blank ] . Isaac de Joudervilles painting Man in Oriental costume was featured in the fourth episode of the BBC TV programme , Fake or Fortune? . This painting was part of the stock of dealers Jakob and Rosa Oppenheimer that was seized by the Nazis and sold in 1935 . It resurfaced at a Cape Town auction house in 2010 . It was then , and still is today , listed in the Lost Art Database run by the Koordinierungsstelle für Kulturgutverluste in Magdeburg , Germany . It was subject to a long legal dispute as to whether the work was listed there legally . In February 2015 the Federal Administrative Court of Germany held that the Koordinierungsstelle did not have to delete it . Jouderville is known today for portraits and historical allegories . Jouderville painted mainly Rembrandtesque heads or ‘tronies’ . He was such a faithful follower of his master’s early work that several of his paintings were previously attributed to Rembrandt .

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What was the working location for Isaac de Jouderville between Aug 1637 and Dec 1638?

/wiki/Isaac_de_Jouderville#P937#2

Isaac de Jouderville Isaac de Jouderville ( 1612 in Leiden – 1645 in Amsterdam ) , was a Dutch Golden Age painter who was a pupil of Rembrandt . Biography . De Jouderville was an orphan whose parents had come from Metz . He became a pupil of Rembrandt in November 1629 and traveled with him to Amsterdam in 1631 . Documents concerning his apprenticeship drawn up by his guardians still exist . He was back in Leiden to marry Maria le Febure ( 1619-1653 ) in 1636 and moved to Deventer in 1641 . He lived in Deventer for a few years only ; in 1643 he was back in Amsterdam , where he died young in 1645 . His widow Maria married the glassmaker Pieter de Melder in 1648 and his daughter Mariecke , later married the painter Frederik de Moucheron . After Maria le Febure died , her second husband claimed he was unable to support his wifes three children by her first husband , along with his own two children , though he offered to raise Jacob Jouderville to the age of 18 . By that time De Melder was acting as art dealer , and the liquidation of his wifes goods shows an interesting list of artists who were either owed money by her estate or who owed money to her estate st.=pieces ) : Owers to the estate . - Bartholomeus van der Helst 31 f . 11 st . - Simon de Vlieger 15 f . 6 st . - Claes Outhuysen 3 f . 4 st . - Steven van Goor 6 f . 2 st . - Hendrick Mombers of Haarlem 138 f . 5 st . - de Jonge Beecker 26 f . - Hermanus Nauwingh of Hamburgh 5 f . 14 st . - Johannes Lingelbach 19 st . - Marten Switzer ( Kretser ? ) 7 f . - Jan Looten 20 f . 3 st . - Hendrik Ulenburgh 105 f . 10 st . - Johannes de Renialme 4 f . 12 st . - the son of the councilman Dr . Tulp 14 f . 15 st . - Johannes Victor 9 f . 19 st . - Paulus Henneken 3 f . 19 st . - Willem van de Velde 2 f . 16 st . - Simon Luttichuysen 5 f . 12 st . - Ferdinandus de Bos ( Bol ? ) 1 f . 2 st . - Sr . Stockade 1 f. . Owed by the estate . - Jacob Coningh 14 f . 15 st . - Kamphuijsen , painter , 14 f . 5 st . - the assistant van Camphuijsen 11 f . 8 st . - Mr . Schendel 5 f . 11 st. . - Jannetje living in Dordrecht must receive for speldewerck ( needlework ) bought from her 270 f . 19 st . - Agnietje van Dalm ibid 159 f . 11 st . - Johannes Boot , as stated above , 269 f . - Teunis Teunisz . van Bronckhorst must receive for delivered frames 28 f . 1 st . - Philips Wouwerman , painter , must receive 64 f . - Job Bercheyden , painter , must receive [ left blank ] . Isaac de Joudervilles painting Man in Oriental costume was featured in the fourth episode of the BBC TV programme , Fake or Fortune? . This painting was part of the stock of dealers Jakob and Rosa Oppenheimer that was seized by the Nazis and sold in 1935 . It resurfaced at a Cape Town auction house in 2010 . It was then , and still is today , listed in the Lost Art Database run by the Koordinierungsstelle für Kulturgutverluste in Magdeburg , Germany . It was subject to a long legal dispute as to whether the work was listed there legally . In February 2015 the Federal Administrative Court of Germany held that the Koordinierungsstelle did not have to delete it . Jouderville is known today for portraits and historical allegories . Jouderville painted mainly Rembrandtesque heads or ‘tronies’ . He was such a faithful follower of his master’s early work that several of his paintings were previously attributed to Rembrandt .

hard

What was the working location for Isaac de Jouderville between Apr 1641 and Sep 1642?

/wiki/Isaac_de_Jouderville#P937#3

Isaac de Jouderville Isaac de Jouderville ( 1612 in Leiden – 1645 in Amsterdam ) , was a Dutch Golden Age painter who was a pupil of Rembrandt . Biography . De Jouderville was an orphan whose parents had come from Metz . He became a pupil of Rembrandt in November 1629 and traveled with him to Amsterdam in 1631 . Documents concerning his apprenticeship drawn up by his guardians still exist . He was back in Leiden to marry Maria le Febure ( 1619-1653 ) in 1636 and moved to Deventer in 1641 . He lived in Deventer for a few years only ; in 1643 he was back in Amsterdam , where he died young in 1645 . His widow Maria married the glassmaker Pieter de Melder in 1648 and his daughter Mariecke , later married the painter Frederik de Moucheron . After Maria le Febure died , her second husband claimed he was unable to support his wifes three children by her first husband , along with his own two children , though he offered to raise Jacob Jouderville to the age of 18 . By that time De Melder was acting as art dealer , and the liquidation of his wifes goods shows an interesting list of artists who were either owed money by her estate or who owed money to her estate st.=pieces ) : Owers to the estate . - Bartholomeus van der Helst 31 f . 11 st . - Simon de Vlieger 15 f . 6 st . - Claes Outhuysen 3 f . 4 st . - Steven van Goor 6 f . 2 st . - Hendrick Mombers of Haarlem 138 f . 5 st . - de Jonge Beecker 26 f . - Hermanus Nauwingh of Hamburgh 5 f . 14 st . - Johannes Lingelbach 19 st . - Marten Switzer ( Kretser ? ) 7 f . - Jan Looten 20 f . 3 st . - Hendrik Ulenburgh 105 f . 10 st . - Johannes de Renialme 4 f . 12 st . - the son of the councilman Dr . Tulp 14 f . 15 st . - Johannes Victor 9 f . 19 st . - Paulus Henneken 3 f . 19 st . - Willem van de Velde 2 f . 16 st . - Simon Luttichuysen 5 f . 12 st . - Ferdinandus de Bos ( Bol ? ) 1 f . 2 st . - Sr . Stockade 1 f. . Owed by the estate . - Jacob Coningh 14 f . 15 st . - Kamphuijsen , painter , 14 f . 5 st . - the assistant van Camphuijsen 11 f . 8 st . - Mr . Schendel 5 f . 11 st. . - Jannetje living in Dordrecht must receive for speldewerck ( needlework ) bought from her 270 f . 19 st . - Agnietje van Dalm ibid 159 f . 11 st . - Johannes Boot , as stated above , 269 f . - Teunis Teunisz . van Bronckhorst must receive for delivered frames 28 f . 1 st . - Philips Wouwerman , painter , must receive 64 f . - Job Bercheyden , painter , must receive [ left blank ] . Isaac de Joudervilles painting Man in Oriental costume was featured in the fourth episode of the BBC TV programme , Fake or Fortune? . This painting was part of the stock of dealers Jakob and Rosa Oppenheimer that was seized by the Nazis and sold in 1935 . It resurfaced at a Cape Town auction house in 2010 . It was then , and still is today , listed in the Lost Art Database run by the Koordinierungsstelle für Kulturgutverluste in Magdeburg , Germany . It was subject to a long legal dispute as to whether the work was listed there legally . In February 2015 the Federal Administrative Court of Germany held that the Koordinierungsstelle did not have to delete it . Jouderville is known today for portraits and historical allegories . Jouderville painted mainly Rembrandtesque heads or ‘tronies’ . He was such a faithful follower of his master’s early work that several of his paintings were previously attributed to Rembrandt .

hard

What was the working location for Isaac de Jouderville after Dec 1643?

/wiki/Isaac_de_Jouderville#P937#4

Isaac de Jouderville Isaac de Jouderville ( 1612 in Leiden – 1645 in Amsterdam ) , was a Dutch Golden Age painter who was a pupil of Rembrandt . Biography . De Jouderville was an orphan whose parents had come from Metz . He became a pupil of Rembrandt in November 1629 and traveled with him to Amsterdam in 1631 . Documents concerning his apprenticeship drawn up by his guardians still exist . He was back in Leiden to marry Maria le Febure ( 1619-1653 ) in 1636 and moved to Deventer in 1641 . He lived in Deventer for a few years only ; in 1643 he was back in Amsterdam , where he died young in 1645 . His widow Maria married the glassmaker Pieter de Melder in 1648 and his daughter Mariecke , later married the painter Frederik de Moucheron . After Maria le Febure died , her second husband claimed he was unable to support his wifes three children by her first husband , along with his own two children , though he offered to raise Jacob Jouderville to the age of 18 . By that time De Melder was acting as art dealer , and the liquidation of his wifes goods shows an interesting list of artists who were either owed money by her estate or who owed money to her estate st.=pieces ) : Owers to the estate . - Bartholomeus van der Helst 31 f . 11 st . - Simon de Vlieger 15 f . 6 st . - Claes Outhuysen 3 f . 4 st . - Steven van Goor 6 f . 2 st . - Hendrick Mombers of Haarlem 138 f . 5 st . - de Jonge Beecker 26 f . - Hermanus Nauwingh of Hamburgh 5 f . 14 st . - Johannes Lingelbach 19 st . - Marten Switzer ( Kretser ? ) 7 f . - Jan Looten 20 f . 3 st . - Hendrik Ulenburgh 105 f . 10 st . - Johannes de Renialme 4 f . 12 st . - the son of the councilman Dr . Tulp 14 f . 15 st . - Johannes Victor 9 f . 19 st . - Paulus Henneken 3 f . 19 st . - Willem van de Velde 2 f . 16 st . - Simon Luttichuysen 5 f . 12 st . - Ferdinandus de Bos ( Bol ? ) 1 f . 2 st . - Sr . Stockade 1 f. . Owed by the estate . - Jacob Coningh 14 f . 15 st . - Kamphuijsen , painter , 14 f . 5 st . - the assistant van Camphuijsen 11 f . 8 st . - Mr . Schendel 5 f . 11 st. . - Jannetje living in Dordrecht must receive for speldewerck ( needlework ) bought from her 270 f . 19 st . - Agnietje van Dalm ibid 159 f . 11 st . - Johannes Boot , as stated above , 269 f . - Teunis Teunisz . van Bronckhorst must receive for delivered frames 28 f . 1 st . - Philips Wouwerman , painter , must receive 64 f . - Job Bercheyden , painter , must receive [ left blank ] . Isaac de Joudervilles painting Man in Oriental costume was featured in the fourth episode of the BBC TV programme , Fake or Fortune? . This painting was part of the stock of dealers Jakob and Rosa Oppenheimer that was seized by the Nazis and sold in 1935 . It resurfaced at a Cape Town auction house in 2010 . It was then , and still is today , listed in the Lost Art Database run by the Koordinierungsstelle für Kulturgutverluste in Magdeburg , Germany . It was subject to a long legal dispute as to whether the work was listed there legally . In February 2015 the Federal Administrative Court of Germany held that the Koordinierungsstelle did not have to delete it . Jouderville is known today for portraits and historical allegories . Jouderville painted mainly Rembrandtesque heads or ‘tronies’ . He was such a faithful follower of his master’s early work that several of his paintings were previously attributed to Rembrandt .

hard

What was the military branch of Howard Coble before Jun 1953?

/wiki/Howard_Coble#P241#0

Howard Coble John Howard Coble ( March 18 , 1931 – November 3 , 2015 ) was a U.S . Representative for , serving from 1985 to 2015 . He was a member of the Republican Party . The district includes all or portions of ten counties in the northern-central part of the state , including portions of Greensboro and Durham . Early life , education , and pre-political career . Coble was born in Greensboro , North Carolina , the son of Johnnie E . ( Holt ) and Joseph Howard Coble . After high school , he initially attended Appalachian State University , but after a year joined the United States Coast Guard , serving for over 5 years and staying on as a reservist for an additional 18 years . Upon discharging from military service , he attended Guilford College , from which he received a history degree . He was a member of the Epsilon Iota chapter of Pi Kappa Phi fraternity at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro . Coble then moved on to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and earned a degree in law . After graduating from college , Coble first worked as an insurance agent . He then spent nearly 20 years as a practicing attorney , and he was also Secretary of Revenue under North Carolina Governor James Holshouser . In 1979 , Coble was elected to the North Carolina House of Representatives , serving until his election to Congress . U.S . House of Representatives . Elections . Coble was first elected to Congress in 1984 , narrowly defeating Walter Cockerham in the primary 51%–49% . In the general election , he defeated one-term Democratic incumbent Robin Britt 51%–49% . Coble was likely the beneficiary of long coattails from Ronald Reagan , who carried the district by a nearly 2-to-1 margin . In 1986 , he defeated Britt in a rematch , which was an even closer 50.03%–49.97% and Coble won by only 79 votes ( closest margin of victory that year ) . He would never face another contest nearly that close , and would be reelected 13 more times with 61% or more of the vote . In July 2008 , Coble won the Republican primary unopposed and became North Carolinas longest-serving Republican U.S . congressman , surpassing former U.S . Congressman Jim Broyhill ( who was also elected to 12 terms but left the House in July 1986 to fill a vacant U.S . Senate seat ) . Coble announced in 2013 that he would not run for another term in 2014 , and would retire after 30 years in Congress . Tenure . In the 105th United States Congress Coble moved to suspend the rules and pass the NET Act on November 4 , 1997 , which removed the requirement of financial gain for criminal prosecution of copyright violation . The NET Act was passed only after the House suspended the rules . Coble was a strong supporter of agriculture and had voted in favor of bills to protect agriculture . Coble opposed further regulation of tobacco because he believed it would hurt North Carolina tobacco planters . Coble took a hard-line position on illegal drugs , and co-sponsored a resolution to oppose the legalization and use of medical marijuana . He also voted for an amendment to authorize drug testing on federal employees . However , he authored a resolution to celebrate the passage of Twenty-first Amendment , which repealed the Prohibition of alcoholic beverages in the United States . Coble was also a member of the Tea Party Caucus , joining Sue Myrick and Walter B . Jones as the sole members of the North Carolina Congressional delegation to join the group . Coble pledged not to receive any pension from the United States government . He told CBS Up to the Minute , I figured taxpayers pay my salary – not a bad salary , and I figure thats sufficient . Let me fend for myself after the salarys collected . He also stated to CBS , Ive pledged my assurance I wont take the pension . Thats between my constituents and me . As far as convicted felons , I guess thats between their constituents and themselves . He was one of two Congressmen , with Ron Paul , to have pledged to decline his pension . However , during the government shutdown in October 2013 . Coble said that although 800,000 federal workers are furloughed and not receiving a paycheck , he will still collect his salary due to a requirement of law . Coble was one of the 87 Republicans who voted for the bill to end the shutdown on October 16 . In June 2013 , Coble announced introduction of new legislation to reform the congressional pension program . Coble refused to participate in the congressional pension program , stating that reforming congressional pensions was long overdue and that the bill would lengthen the time of service required before a member would be eligible for participation in the pension program . Legislation sponsored . The bill To extend the Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 for 10 years ( H.R . 3626 ; 113th Congress ) was introduced in the House on December 2 , 2013 by Coble . The bill would extend the Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 for an additional 10 years , but would not expand any of its provisions ( related to plastic guns ) . The bill passed the House on December 3 , 2013 . Coble also sponsored the Digital Millennium Copyright Act ( DMCA ) , in 1997 , a bill fundamental to the foundation of internet law . It would come into effect in the year 2000 . Committee assignments . - Committee on the Judiciary - Subcommittee on Courts , Commercial and Administrative Law ( Chairman ) - Subcommittee on Intellectual Property , Competition , and the Internet - Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure - Subcommittee on Aviation - Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation - Subcommittee on Highways and Transit Caucus memberships . - Congressional Fire Services Caucus - Congressional Caucus on Turkey and Turkish Americans - International Conservation Caucus - Republican Study Committee - Sportsmens Caucus - Tea Party Caucus Personal life . As a young man , Coble frequently enjoyed eating a breakfast of Rose brand pork brains in milk gravy and eggs . According to a quote from Coble appearing alongside his family recipe for Breakfast Brains N Eggs , the breakfast was fairly regular and not at all unusual . Coble was a member of the Guilford College Board of Visitors and of the U.S . Coast Guard Academy Board of Visitors . He was a Freemason and member of Guilford Lodge number 656 in Greensboro . Coble had skin cancer for many years among other ailments . He was admitted to intensive care in September 2015 after complications from skin cancer surgery . He died in hospital on November 3 , 2015 , in Greensboro , North Carolina at the age of 84 from complications of the surgery . Cobles death was followed one week later by the passing of a Democratic former colleague , Tim Valentine of North Carolinas 2nd congressional district . Electoral history . ! Year ! Republican ! Votes ! Democratic ! Votes ! Third Party ! Party ! Votes ! Third Party ! Party ! Votes External links . - Profile at SourceWatch

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What was the military branch of Howard Coble between Jun 1974 and Nov 1974?

/wiki/Howard_Coble#P241#1

Howard Coble John Howard Coble ( March 18 , 1931 – November 3 , 2015 ) was a U.S . Representative for , serving from 1985 to 2015 . He was a member of the Republican Party . The district includes all or portions of ten counties in the northern-central part of the state , including portions of Greensboro and Durham . Early life , education , and pre-political career . Coble was born in Greensboro , North Carolina , the son of Johnnie E . ( Holt ) and Joseph Howard Coble . After high school , he initially attended Appalachian State University , but after a year joined the United States Coast Guard , serving for over 5 years and staying on as a reservist for an additional 18 years . Upon discharging from military service , he attended Guilford College , from which he received a history degree . He was a member of the Epsilon Iota chapter of Pi Kappa Phi fraternity at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro . Coble then moved on to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and earned a degree in law . After graduating from college , Coble first worked as an insurance agent . He then spent nearly 20 years as a practicing attorney , and he was also Secretary of Revenue under North Carolina Governor James Holshouser . In 1979 , Coble was elected to the North Carolina House of Representatives , serving until his election to Congress . U.S . House of Representatives . Elections . Coble was first elected to Congress in 1984 , narrowly defeating Walter Cockerham in the primary 51%–49% . In the general election , he defeated one-term Democratic incumbent Robin Britt 51%–49% . Coble was likely the beneficiary of long coattails from Ronald Reagan , who carried the district by a nearly 2-to-1 margin . In 1986 , he defeated Britt in a rematch , which was an even closer 50.03%–49.97% and Coble won by only 79 votes ( closest margin of victory that year ) . He would never face another contest nearly that close , and would be reelected 13 more times with 61% or more of the vote . In July 2008 , Coble won the Republican primary unopposed and became North Carolinas longest-serving Republican U.S . congressman , surpassing former U.S . Congressman Jim Broyhill ( who was also elected to 12 terms but left the House in July 1986 to fill a vacant U.S . Senate seat ) . Coble announced in 2013 that he would not run for another term in 2014 , and would retire after 30 years in Congress . Tenure . In the 105th United States Congress Coble moved to suspend the rules and pass the NET Act on November 4 , 1997 , which removed the requirement of financial gain for criminal prosecution of copyright violation . The NET Act was passed only after the House suspended the rules . Coble was a strong supporter of agriculture and had voted in favor of bills to protect agriculture . Coble opposed further regulation of tobacco because he believed it would hurt North Carolina tobacco planters . Coble took a hard-line position on illegal drugs , and co-sponsored a resolution to oppose the legalization and use of medical marijuana . He also voted for an amendment to authorize drug testing on federal employees . However , he authored a resolution to celebrate the passage of Twenty-first Amendment , which repealed the Prohibition of alcoholic beverages in the United States . Coble was also a member of the Tea Party Caucus , joining Sue Myrick and Walter B . Jones as the sole members of the North Carolina Congressional delegation to join the group . Coble pledged not to receive any pension from the United States government . He told CBS Up to the Minute , I figured taxpayers pay my salary – not a bad salary , and I figure thats sufficient . Let me fend for myself after the salarys collected . He also stated to CBS , Ive pledged my assurance I wont take the pension . Thats between my constituents and me . As far as convicted felons , I guess thats between their constituents and themselves . He was one of two Congressmen , with Ron Paul , to have pledged to decline his pension . However , during the government shutdown in October 2013 . Coble said that although 800,000 federal workers are furloughed and not receiving a paycheck , he will still collect his salary due to a requirement of law . Coble was one of the 87 Republicans who voted for the bill to end the shutdown on October 16 . In June 2013 , Coble announced introduction of new legislation to reform the congressional pension program . Coble refused to participate in the congressional pension program , stating that reforming congressional pensions was long overdue and that the bill would lengthen the time of service required before a member would be eligible for participation in the pension program . Legislation sponsored . The bill To extend the Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 for 10 years ( H.R . 3626 ; 113th Congress ) was introduced in the House on December 2 , 2013 by Coble . The bill would extend the Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 for an additional 10 years , but would not expand any of its provisions ( related to plastic guns ) . The bill passed the House on December 3 , 2013 . Coble also sponsored the Digital Millennium Copyright Act ( DMCA ) , in 1997 , a bill fundamental to the foundation of internet law . It would come into effect in the year 2000 . Committee assignments . - Committee on the Judiciary - Subcommittee on Courts , Commercial and Administrative Law ( Chairman ) - Subcommittee on Intellectual Property , Competition , and the Internet - Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure - Subcommittee on Aviation - Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation - Subcommittee on Highways and Transit Caucus memberships . - Congressional Fire Services Caucus - Congressional Caucus on Turkey and Turkish Americans - International Conservation Caucus - Republican Study Committee - Sportsmens Caucus - Tea Party Caucus Personal life . As a young man , Coble frequently enjoyed eating a breakfast of Rose brand pork brains in milk gravy and eggs . According to a quote from Coble appearing alongside his family recipe for Breakfast Brains N Eggs , the breakfast was fairly regular and not at all unusual . Coble was a member of the Guilford College Board of Visitors and of the U.S . Coast Guard Academy Board of Visitors . He was a Freemason and member of Guilford Lodge number 656 in Greensboro . Coble had skin cancer for many years among other ailments . He was admitted to intensive care in September 2015 after complications from skin cancer surgery . He died in hospital on November 3 , 2015 , in Greensboro , North Carolina at the age of 84 from complications of the surgery . Cobles death was followed one week later by the passing of a Democratic former colleague , Tim Valentine of North Carolinas 2nd congressional district . Electoral history . ! Year ! Republican ! Votes ! Democratic ! Votes ! Third Party ! Party ! Votes ! Third Party ! Party ! Votes External links . - Profile at SourceWatch

hard

What was the military branch of Howard Coble in Dec 1977?

/wiki/Howard_Coble#P241#2

Howard Coble John Howard Coble ( March 18 , 1931 – November 3 , 2015 ) was a U.S . Representative for , serving from 1985 to 2015 . He was a member of the Republican Party . The district includes all or portions of ten counties in the northern-central part of the state , including portions of Greensboro and Durham . Early life , education , and pre-political career . Coble was born in Greensboro , North Carolina , the son of Johnnie E . ( Holt ) and Joseph Howard Coble . After high school , he initially attended Appalachian State University , but after a year joined the United States Coast Guard , serving for over 5 years and staying on as a reservist for an additional 18 years . Upon discharging from military service , he attended Guilford College , from which he received a history degree . He was a member of the Epsilon Iota chapter of Pi Kappa Phi fraternity at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro . Coble then moved on to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and earned a degree in law . After graduating from college , Coble first worked as an insurance agent . He then spent nearly 20 years as a practicing attorney , and he was also Secretary of Revenue under North Carolina Governor James Holshouser . In 1979 , Coble was elected to the North Carolina House of Representatives , serving until his election to Congress . U.S . House of Representatives . Elections . Coble was first elected to Congress in 1984 , narrowly defeating Walter Cockerham in the primary 51%–49% . In the general election , he defeated one-term Democratic incumbent Robin Britt 51%–49% . Coble was likely the beneficiary of long coattails from Ronald Reagan , who carried the district by a nearly 2-to-1 margin . In 1986 , he defeated Britt in a rematch , which was an even closer 50.03%–49.97% and Coble won by only 79 votes ( closest margin of victory that year ) . He would never face another contest nearly that close , and would be reelected 13 more times with 61% or more of the vote . In July 2008 , Coble won the Republican primary unopposed and became North Carolinas longest-serving Republican U.S . congressman , surpassing former U.S . Congressman Jim Broyhill ( who was also elected to 12 terms but left the House in July 1986 to fill a vacant U.S . Senate seat ) . Coble announced in 2013 that he would not run for another term in 2014 , and would retire after 30 years in Congress . Tenure . In the 105th United States Congress Coble moved to suspend the rules and pass the NET Act on November 4 , 1997 , which removed the requirement of financial gain for criminal prosecution of copyright violation . The NET Act was passed only after the House suspended the rules . Coble was a strong supporter of agriculture and had voted in favor of bills to protect agriculture . Coble opposed further regulation of tobacco because he believed it would hurt North Carolina tobacco planters . Coble took a hard-line position on illegal drugs , and co-sponsored a resolution to oppose the legalization and use of medical marijuana . He also voted for an amendment to authorize drug testing on federal employees . However , he authored a resolution to celebrate the passage of Twenty-first Amendment , which repealed the Prohibition of alcoholic beverages in the United States . Coble was also a member of the Tea Party Caucus , joining Sue Myrick and Walter B . Jones as the sole members of the North Carolina Congressional delegation to join the group . Coble pledged not to receive any pension from the United States government . He told CBS Up to the Minute , I figured taxpayers pay my salary – not a bad salary , and I figure thats sufficient . Let me fend for myself after the salarys collected . He also stated to CBS , Ive pledged my assurance I wont take the pension . Thats between my constituents and me . As far as convicted felons , I guess thats between their constituents and themselves . He was one of two Congressmen , with Ron Paul , to have pledged to decline his pension . However , during the government shutdown in October 2013 . Coble said that although 800,000 federal workers are furloughed and not receiving a paycheck , he will still collect his salary due to a requirement of law . Coble was one of the 87 Republicans who voted for the bill to end the shutdown on October 16 . In June 2013 , Coble announced introduction of new legislation to reform the congressional pension program . Coble refused to participate in the congressional pension program , stating that reforming congressional pensions was long overdue and that the bill would lengthen the time of service required before a member would be eligible for participation in the pension program . Legislation sponsored . The bill To extend the Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 for 10 years ( H.R . 3626 ; 113th Congress ) was introduced in the House on December 2 , 2013 by Coble . The bill would extend the Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 for an additional 10 years , but would not expand any of its provisions ( related to plastic guns ) . The bill passed the House on December 3 , 2013 . Coble also sponsored the Digital Millennium Copyright Act ( DMCA ) , in 1997 , a bill fundamental to the foundation of internet law . It would come into effect in the year 2000 . Committee assignments . - Committee on the Judiciary - Subcommittee on Courts , Commercial and Administrative Law ( Chairman ) - Subcommittee on Intellectual Property , Competition , and the Internet - Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure - Subcommittee on Aviation - Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation - Subcommittee on Highways and Transit Caucus memberships . - Congressional Fire Services Caucus - Congressional Caucus on Turkey and Turkish Americans - International Conservation Caucus - Republican Study Committee - Sportsmens Caucus - Tea Party Caucus Personal life . As a young man , Coble frequently enjoyed eating a breakfast of Rose brand pork brains in milk gravy and eggs . According to a quote from Coble appearing alongside his family recipe for Breakfast Brains N Eggs , the breakfast was fairly regular and not at all unusual . Coble was a member of the Guilford College Board of Visitors and of the U.S . Coast Guard Academy Board of Visitors . He was a Freemason and member of Guilford Lodge number 656 in Greensboro . Coble had skin cancer for many years among other ailments . He was admitted to intensive care in September 2015 after complications from skin cancer surgery . He died in hospital on November 3 , 2015 , in Greensboro , North Carolina at the age of 84 from complications of the surgery . Cobles death was followed one week later by the passing of a Democratic former colleague , Tim Valentine of North Carolinas 2nd congressional district . Electoral history . ! Year ! Republican ! Votes ! Democratic ! Votes ! Third Party ! Party ! Votes ! Third Party ! Party ! Votes External links . - Profile at SourceWatch

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Which team did the player Briguel belong to before Apr 1999?

/wiki/Briguel#P54#0

Briguel Nuno Miguel Pereira Sousa ( born 8 March 1979 ) , known as Briguel , is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a right back . Football career . Born in Funchal , Madeira , Briguel – his nickname derived from former German international defender Hans-Peter Briegel , who also played in his position – spent his entire career in the green and red colours of hometowns C.S . Marítimo . He made his first-team and Primeira Liga debut to kickstart the 2000–01 season , against F.C . Alverca ( 0–0 away draw , 90 minutes played ) . Briguel also played five times for the Portugal under-21 side , though never an undisputed starter at Marítimo ( years after being promoted to the first team , he continued appearing in the odd match for the reserves ) . He retired at the end of the 2015–16 campaign at the age of 37 , after having contributed ten matches to a 13th-place finish ; on 17 December 2014 , he reached the 700th-game mark with his only club . Subsequently , Briguel worked as Marítimos director of football .

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Which team did the player Briguel belong to between Oct 2000 and Nov 2000?

/wiki/Briguel#P54#1

Briguel Nuno Miguel Pereira Sousa ( born 8 March 1979 ) , known as Briguel , is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a right back . Football career . Born in Funchal , Madeira , Briguel – his nickname derived from former German international defender Hans-Peter Briegel , who also played in his position – spent his entire career in the green and red colours of hometowns C.S . Marítimo . He made his first-team and Primeira Liga debut to kickstart the 2000–01 season , against F.C . Alverca ( 0–0 away draw , 90 minutes played ) . Briguel also played five times for the Portugal under-21 side , though never an undisputed starter at Marítimo ( years after being promoted to the first team , he continued appearing in the odd match for the reserves ) . He retired at the end of the 2015–16 campaign at the age of 37 , after having contributed ten matches to a 13th-place finish ; on 17 December 2014 , he reached the 700th-game mark with his only club . Subsequently , Briguel worked as Marítimos director of football .

hard

Which team did the player Briguel belong to after Jun 2001?

/wiki/Briguel#P54#2

Briguel Nuno Miguel Pereira Sousa ( born 8 March 1979 ) , known as Briguel , is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a right back . Football career . Born in Funchal , Madeira , Briguel – his nickname derived from former German international defender Hans-Peter Briegel , who also played in his position – spent his entire career in the green and red colours of hometowns C.S . Marítimo . He made his first-team and Primeira Liga debut to kickstart the 2000–01 season , against F.C . Alverca ( 0–0 away draw , 90 minutes played ) . Briguel also played five times for the Portugal under-21 side , though never an undisputed starter at Marítimo ( years after being promoted to the first team , he continued appearing in the odd match for the reserves ) . He retired at the end of the 2015–16 campaign at the age of 37 , after having contributed ten matches to a 13th-place finish ; on 17 December 2014 , he reached the 700th-game mark with his only club . Subsequently , Briguel worked as Marítimos director of football .

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Which site was the heritage designation of Monticello before Apr 1965?

/wiki/Monticello#P1435#0

Monticello Monticello ( ) was the primary plantation of Thomas Jefferson , the third president of the United States , who began designing Monticello after inheriting land from his father at age 26 . Located just outside Charlottesville , Virginia , in the Piedmont region , the plantation was originally , with Jefferson using the labor of enslaved African people for extensive cultivation of tobacco and mixed crops , later shifting from tobacco cultivation to wheat in response to changing markets . Due to its architectural and historic significance , the property has been designated a National Historic Landmark . In 1987 , Monticello and the nearby University of Virginia , also designed by Jefferson , were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The current nickel , a United States coin , features a depiction of Monticello on its reverse side . Jefferson designed the main house using neoclassical design principles described by Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio and reworking the design through much of his presidency to include design elements popular in late 18th-century Europe and integrating numerous ideas of his own . Situated on the summit of an -high peak in the Southwest Mountains south of the Rivanna Gap , the name Monticello derives from Italian meaning little mountain . Along a prominent lane adjacent to the house , Mulberry Row , the plantation came to include numerous outbuildings for specialized functions , e.g. , a nailery ; quarters for enslaved Africans who worked in the home ; gardens for flowers , produce , and Jeffersons experiments in plant breeding—along with tobacco fields and mixed crops . Cabins for enslaved Africans who worked in the fields were farther from the mansion , out of Jeffersons sight both literally and figuratively . At Jeffersons direction , he was buried on the grounds , in an area now designated as the Monticello Cemetery . The cemetery is owned by the Monticello Association , a society of his descendants through Martha Wayles Skelton Jefferson . After Jeffersons death , his daughter Martha Jefferson Randolph sold the property . In 1834 , it was bought by Uriah P . Levy , a commodore in the U.S . Navy , who admired Jefferson and spent his own money to preserve the property . His nephew Jefferson Monroe Levy took over the property in 1879 ; he also invested considerable money to restore and preserve it . In 1923 , Monroe Levy sold it to the Thomas Jefferson Foundation ( TJF ) , which operates it as a house museum and educational institution . Design and building . Jeffersons home was built to serve as a plantation house , which ultimately took on the architectural form of a villa . It has many architectural antecedents , but Jefferson went beyond them to create something very much his own . He consciously sought to create a new architecture for a new nation . Work began on what historians would subsequently refer to as the first Monticello in 1768 , on a plantation of . Jefferson moved into the South Pavilion ( an outbuilding ) in 1770 , where his new wife Martha Wayles Skelton joined him in 1772 . Jefferson continued work on his original design , but how much was completed is of some dispute . In constructing and later reconstructing his home , Jefferson used a combination of free workers , indentured servants and enslaved laborers . After his wifes death in 1782 , Jefferson left Monticello in 1784 to serve as Minister of the United States to France . During his several years in Europe , he had an opportunity to see some of the classical buildings with which he had become acquainted from his reading , as well as to discover the modern trends in French architecture that were then fashionable in Paris . His decision to remodel his own home may date from this period . In 1794 , following his tenure as the first U.S . Secretary of State ( 1790–1793 ) , Jefferson began rebuilding his house based on the ideas he had acquired in Europe . The remodeling continued throughout most of his presidency ( 1801–1809 ) . Although generally completed by 1809 , Jefferson continued work on the present structure until his death in 1826 . Jefferson added a center hallway and a parallel set of rooms to the structure , more than doubling its area . He removed the second full-height story from the original house and replaced it with a mezzanine bedroom floor . The interior is centered on two large rooms , which served as an entrance-hall-museum , where Jefferson displayed his scientific interests , and a music-sitting room . The most dramatic element of the new design was an octagonal dome , which he placed above the west front of the building in place of a second-story portico . The room inside the dome was described by a visitor as a noble and beautiful apartment , but it was rarely used—perhaps because it was hot in summer and cold in winter , or because it could be reached only by climbing a steep and very narrow flight of stairs . The dome room has now been restored to its appearance during Jeffersons lifetime , with Mars yellow walls and a painted green and black checkered floor . Summertime temperatures are high in the region , with indoor temperatures of around . Jefferson himself is known to have been interested in Roman and Renaissance texts about ancient temperature-control techniques such as ground-cooled air and heated floors . Monticellos large central hall and aligned windows were designed to allow a cooling air-current to pass through the house , and the octagonal cupola draws hot air up and out . In the late twentieth century , moderate air conditioning , designed to avoid the harm to the house and its contents that would be caused by major modifications and large temperature differentials , was installed in the house , a tourist attraction . Before Jeffersons death , Monticello had begun to show signs of disrepair . The attention Jeffersons university project in Charlottesville demanded , and family problems , diverted his focus . The most important reason for the mansions deterioration was his accumulating debts . In the last few years of Jeffersons life , much went without repair in Monticello . A witness , Samuel Whitcomb Jr. , who visited Jefferson in 1824 , thought it run down . He said , His house is rather old and going to decay ; appearances about his yard and hill are rather slovenly . It commands an extensive prospect but it being a misty cloudy day , I could see but little of the surrounding scenery . Preservation . After Jefferson died on July 4 , 1826 , his only official surviving daughter , Martha Jefferson Randolph , inherited Monticello . The estate was encumbered with debt and Martha Randolph had financial problems in her own family because of her husbands mental illness . In 1831 , she sold Monticello to James Turner Barclay , a local apothecary . Barclay sold it in 1834 to Uriah P . Levy , the first Jewish commodore ( equivalent to todays admiral ) in the United States Navy . A fifth-generation American whose family first settled in Savannah , Georgia , Levy greatly admired Jefferson and used private funds to repair , restore and preserve the house . The Confederate government seized the house as enemy property at the outset of the American Civil War and sold it to Confederate officer Benjamin Franklin Ficklin . Levys estate recovered the property after the war . Levys heirs argued over his estate , but their lawsuits were settled in 1879 , when Uriah Levys nephew , Jefferson Monroe Levy , a prominent New York lawyer , real estate and stock speculator ( and later member of Congress ) , bought out the other heirs for $10,050 , and took control of Monticello . Like his uncle , Jefferson Levy commissioned repairs , restoration and preservation of the grounds and house , which had been deteriorating seriously while the lawsuits wound their way through the courts in New York and Virginia . Together , the Levys preserved Monticello for nearly 100 years . In 1923 , a private non-profit organization , the Thomas Jefferson Foundation , purchased the house from Jefferson Levy with funds raised by Theodore Fred Kuper and others . They managed additional restoration under architects including Fiske Kimball and Milton L . Grigg . Since that time , other restoration has been performed at Monticello . The Foundation operates Monticello and its grounds as a house museum and educational institution . Visitors can wander the grounds , as well as tour rooms in the cellar and ground floor . More expensive tour pass options include sunset hours , as well as tours of the second floor and the third floor , including the iconic dome . Monticello is a National Historic Landmark . It is the only private home in the United States to be designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Included in that designation are the original grounds and buildings of Jeffersons University of Virginia . From 1989 to 1992 , a team of architects from the Historic American Buildings Survey ( HABS ) created a collection of measured drawings of Monticello . These drawings are held by the Library of Congress . Among Jeffersons other designs are Poplar Forest , his private retreat near Lynchburg ( which he intended for his daughter Maria , who died at age 25 ) ; the University of Virginia , and the Virginia State Capitol in Richmond . Decoration and furnishings . Much of Monticellos interior decoration reflects the personal ideas and ideals of Jefferson . The original main entrance is through the portico on the east front . The ceiling of this portico incorporates a wind plate connected to a weather vane , showing the direction of the wind . A large clock face on the external east-facing wall has only an hour hand since Jefferson thought this was accurate enough for those he enslaved . The clock reflects the time shown on the Great Clock , designed by Jefferson , in the entrance hall . The entrance hall contains recreations of items collected by Lewis and Clark on the cross-country expedition commissioned by Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Purchase . Jefferson had the floorcloth painted a true grass green upon the recommendation of artist Gilbert Stuart , so that Jeffersons essay in architecture could invite the spirit of the outdoors into the house . The south wing includes Jeffersons private suite of rooms . The library holds many books from his third library collection . His first library was burned in an accidental plantation fire , and he ceded ( or sold ) his second library in 1815 to the United States Congress to replace the books lost when the British burned Washington in 1814 . This second library formed the nucleus of the Library of Congress . As larger than life as Monticello seems , the house has approximately of living space . Jefferson considered much furniture to be a waste of space , so the dining room table was erected only at mealtimes , and beds were built into alcoves cut into thick walls that contain storage space . Jeffersons bed opens to two sides : to his cabinet ( study ) and to his bedroom ( dressing room ) . In 2017 a room identified as Sally Hemings quarters at Monticello , adjacent to Jeffersons bedroom , was discovered in an archeological excavation . It will be restored and refurbished . This is part of the Mountaintop Project , which includes restorations in order to give a fuller account of the lives of both enslaved laborers and free families at Monticello . The west front ( illustration ) gives the impression of a villa of modest proportions , with a lower floor disguised in the hillside . The north wing includes two guest bedrooms and the dining room . It has a dumbwaiter incorporated into the fireplace , as well as dumbwaiters ( shelved tables on casters ) and a pivoting serving door with shelves . Quarters for enslaved laborers on Mulberry Row . Jefferson located one set of his quarters for enslaved people on Mulberry Row , a one-thousand-foot road of slave , service , and industrial structures . Mulberry Row was situated south of Monticello , with the quarters facing the Jefferson mansion . These cabins were occupied by the enslaved Africans who worked in the mansion or in Jeffersons manufacturing ventures , and not by those who labored in the fields . At one point , Jefferson sketched out plans for a row of substantial , dignified neoclassical houses for Mulberry Row , for enslaved blacks and white workers , having in mind an integrated row of residences . Henry Wiencek argues : It was no small thing to use architecture to make a visible equality of the races . Archaeology of the site shows that the rooms of the cabins were much larger in the 1770s than in the 1790s . Researchers disagree as to whether this indicates that more enslaved laborers were crowded into a smaller spaces , or that fewer people lived in the smaller spaces . Earlier houses for enslaved laborers had a two-room plan , one family per room , with a single , shared doorway to the outside . But from the 1790s on , all rooms/families had independent doorways . Most of the cabins are free-standing , single-room structures . By the time of Jeffersons death , some enslaved families had labored and lived for four generations at Monticello . Thomas Jefferson recorded his strategy for employing children in his Farm Book . Until the age of 10 , children served as nurses . When the plantation grew tobacco , children were at a good height to remove and kill tobacco worms from the crops . Once he began growing wheat , fewer people were needed to maintain the crops , so Jefferson established manual trades . He stated that children go into the ground or learn trades When girls were 16 , they began spinning and weaving textiles . Boys made nails from age 10 to 16 . In 1794 , Jefferson had a dozen boys working at the nailery . While working at the nailery , boys received more food and may have received new clothes if they did a good job . After the nailery , boys became blacksmiths , coopers , carpenters , or house servants . Six families and their descendants were featured in the exhibit , Slavery at Jeffersons Monticello : Paradox of Liberty ( January to October 2012 ) at the Smithsonians National Museum of American History , which also examines Jefferson as an enslaver . Developed as a collaboration between the National Museum of African American History and Culture and Monticello , it is the first exhibit on the national mall to address these issues . In February 2012 , Monticello opened a new outdoor exhibit on its grounds : Landscape of Slavery : Mulberry Row at Monticello , to convey more about the lives of the hundreds of enslaved laborers who lived and worked at the plantation . Outbuildings and plantation . The main house was augmented by small outlying pavilions to the north and south . A row of outbuildings ( dairy , a washhouse , store houses , a small nail factory , a joinery etc. ) and quarters for enslaved laborers ( log cabins ) , known as Mulberry Row , lay nearby to the south . A stone weavers cottage survives , as does the tall chimney of the joinery , and the foundations of other buildings . A cabin on Mulberry Row was , for a time , the home of Sally Hemings , an enslaved woman who worked in the household who is widely believed to have had a 38-year relationship with the widower Jefferson and to have borne six children by him , four of whom survived to adulthood . The genealogist Helen F.M . Leary concluded that the chain of evidence securely fastens Sally Hemingss children to their father , Thomas Jefferson . Later Hemings lived in a room in the south dependency below the main house . On the slope below Mulberry Row , enslaved laborers maintained an extensive vegetable garden for Jefferson and the main house . In addition to growing flowers for display and producing crops for eating , Jefferson used the gardens of Monticello for experimenting with different species . The house was the center of a plantation of tended by some 150 enslaved laborers . There are also two houses included in the whole . Programming . In recent decades , the TJF has created programs to more fully interpret the lives of enslaved people at Monticello . Beginning in 1993 , researchers interviewed descendants of Monticello enslaved people for the Getting Word Project , a collection of oral history that provided much new insight into the lives of enslaved people at Monticello and their descendants . ( Among findings were that no enslaved people adopted Jefferson as a surname , but many had their own surnames as early as the 18th century. ) New research , publications and training for guides has been added since 2000 , when the Foundations Research Committee concluded it was highly likely that Jefferson had fathered Sally Hemingss children . Some of Mulberry Row has been designated as archeological sites , where excavations and analysis are revealing much about life of enslaved people at the plantation . In the winter of 2000–2001 , the enslaved African burial ground at Monticello was discovered . In the fall of 2001 , the Thomas Jefferson Foundation held a commemoration of the burial ground , in which the names of known enslaved people of Monticello were read aloud . Additional archeological work is providing information about African-American burial practices . In 2003 Monticello welcomed a reunion of descendants of Jefferson from both the Wayless and Hemingss sides of the family . It was organized by the descendants , who have created a new group called the Monticello Community . Additional and larger reunions have been held . Land purchase . In 2004 , the trustees acquired Mountaintop Farm ( also known locally as Pattersons or Browns Mountain ) , the only property that overlooks Monticello . Jefferson had called the taller mountain Montalto . To prevent development of new homes on the site , the trustees spent $15 million to purchase the property . Jefferson had owned it as part of his plantation , but it was sold off after his death . In the 20th century , its farmhouses were divided into apartments for many University of Virginia students . The officials at Monticello had long considered the property an eyesore , and planned to acquire it when it became available . Architecture . The house is similar in appearance to Chiswick House , a Neoclassical house inspired by the architect Andrea Palladio built in 1726–1729 in London . Representation in other media . Monticello was featured in Bob Vilas A&E Network production , Guide to Historic Homes of America , in a tour which included Honeymoon Cottage and the Dome Room , which is open to the public during a limited number of tours each year . Replicas . In 2014 , Prestley Blake constructed a 10,000-square-foot replica of Monticello in Somers , Connecticut . It can be seen on Rte 186 also known as Hall Hill Rd . The entrance pavilion of the Naval Academy Jewish Chapel at Annapolis is modeled on Monticello . Chamberlin Hall at Wilbraham & Monson Academy in Wilbraham , Massachusetts , built in 1962 and modeled on Monticello , serves as the location of the Academys Middle School . Completed in August 2015 , Dallas Baptist University built one of the largest replicas of Monticello , including its entry halls and a dome room . Approximately 23,000 square feet , it is the home of the Gary Cook School of Leadership , as well as the University Chancellors offices . Saint Pauls Baptist Church located at the corner of E Belt Boulevard and Hull Street Road in Richmond is modeled after Monticello . Originally built by Weatherford Memorial Baptist Church , the building was donated to St Pauls when Weatherford Memorial ran out of money and disbanded in the early 2000s . Pi Kappa Alphas Memorial Headquarters , opened in 1988 is located in the TPC Southwind development in Memphis , Tennessee and was inspired by the architecture of Monticello . Legacy . Monticellos image has appeared on U.S . currency and postage stamps . An image of the west front of Monticello by Felix Schlag has been featured on the reverse of the nickel minted since 1938 ( with a brief interruption in 2004 and 2005 , when designs of the Westward Journey series appeared instead ) . It was also used as the title for the 2015 play Jeffersons Garden , which centred on his life . Monticello also appeared on the reverse of the two-dollar bill from 1928 to 1966 , when the bill was discontinued . The current bill was introduced in 1976 and retains Jeffersons portrait on the obverse but replaced Monticello on the reverse with an engraved modified reproduction of John Trumbulls 1818 painting Declaration of Independence . The gift shop at Monticello hands out two-dollar bills as change . The 1994 commemorative Thomas Jefferson 250th Anniversary silver dollar features Monticello on the reverse .

hard

Which site was the heritage designation of Monticello in Mar 1987?

/wiki/Monticello#P1435#1

Monticello Monticello ( ) was the primary plantation of Thomas Jefferson , the third president of the United States , who began designing Monticello after inheriting land from his father at age 26 . Located just outside Charlottesville , Virginia , in the Piedmont region , the plantation was originally , with Jefferson using the labor of enslaved African people for extensive cultivation of tobacco and mixed crops , later shifting from tobacco cultivation to wheat in response to changing markets . Due to its architectural and historic significance , the property has been designated a National Historic Landmark . In 1987 , Monticello and the nearby University of Virginia , also designed by Jefferson , were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The current nickel , a United States coin , features a depiction of Monticello on its reverse side . Jefferson designed the main house using neoclassical design principles described by Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio and reworking the design through much of his presidency to include design elements popular in late 18th-century Europe and integrating numerous ideas of his own . Situated on the summit of an -high peak in the Southwest Mountains south of the Rivanna Gap , the name Monticello derives from Italian meaning little mountain . Along a prominent lane adjacent to the house , Mulberry Row , the plantation came to include numerous outbuildings for specialized functions , e.g. , a nailery ; quarters for enslaved Africans who worked in the home ; gardens for flowers , produce , and Jeffersons experiments in plant breeding—along with tobacco fields and mixed crops . Cabins for enslaved Africans who worked in the fields were farther from the mansion , out of Jeffersons sight both literally and figuratively . At Jeffersons direction , he was buried on the grounds , in an area now designated as the Monticello Cemetery . The cemetery is owned by the Monticello Association , a society of his descendants through Martha Wayles Skelton Jefferson . After Jeffersons death , his daughter Martha Jefferson Randolph sold the property . In 1834 , it was bought by Uriah P . Levy , a commodore in the U.S . Navy , who admired Jefferson and spent his own money to preserve the property . His nephew Jefferson Monroe Levy took over the property in 1879 ; he also invested considerable money to restore and preserve it . In 1923 , Monroe Levy sold it to the Thomas Jefferson Foundation ( TJF ) , which operates it as a house museum and educational institution . Design and building . Jeffersons home was built to serve as a plantation house , which ultimately took on the architectural form of a villa . It has many architectural antecedents , but Jefferson went beyond them to create something very much his own . He consciously sought to create a new architecture for a new nation . Work began on what historians would subsequently refer to as the first Monticello in 1768 , on a plantation of . Jefferson moved into the South Pavilion ( an outbuilding ) in 1770 , where his new wife Martha Wayles Skelton joined him in 1772 . Jefferson continued work on his original design , but how much was completed is of some dispute . In constructing and later reconstructing his home , Jefferson used a combination of free workers , indentured servants and enslaved laborers . After his wifes death in 1782 , Jefferson left Monticello in 1784 to serve as Minister of the United States to France . During his several years in Europe , he had an opportunity to see some of the classical buildings with which he had become acquainted from his reading , as well as to discover the modern trends in French architecture that were then fashionable in Paris . His decision to remodel his own home may date from this period . In 1794 , following his tenure as the first U.S . Secretary of State ( 1790–1793 ) , Jefferson began rebuilding his house based on the ideas he had acquired in Europe . The remodeling continued throughout most of his presidency ( 1801–1809 ) . Although generally completed by 1809 , Jefferson continued work on the present structure until his death in 1826 . Jefferson added a center hallway and a parallel set of rooms to the structure , more than doubling its area . He removed the second full-height story from the original house and replaced it with a mezzanine bedroom floor . The interior is centered on two large rooms , which served as an entrance-hall-museum , where Jefferson displayed his scientific interests , and a music-sitting room . The most dramatic element of the new design was an octagonal dome , which he placed above the west front of the building in place of a second-story portico . The room inside the dome was described by a visitor as a noble and beautiful apartment , but it was rarely used—perhaps because it was hot in summer and cold in winter , or because it could be reached only by climbing a steep and very narrow flight of stairs . The dome room has now been restored to its appearance during Jeffersons lifetime , with Mars yellow walls and a painted green and black checkered floor . Summertime temperatures are high in the region , with indoor temperatures of around . Jefferson himself is known to have been interested in Roman and Renaissance texts about ancient temperature-control techniques such as ground-cooled air and heated floors . Monticellos large central hall and aligned windows were designed to allow a cooling air-current to pass through the house , and the octagonal cupola draws hot air up and out . In the late twentieth century , moderate air conditioning , designed to avoid the harm to the house and its contents that would be caused by major modifications and large temperature differentials , was installed in the house , a tourist attraction . Before Jeffersons death , Monticello had begun to show signs of disrepair . The attention Jeffersons university project in Charlottesville demanded , and family problems , diverted his focus . The most important reason for the mansions deterioration was his accumulating debts . In the last few years of Jeffersons life , much went without repair in Monticello . A witness , Samuel Whitcomb Jr. , who visited Jefferson in 1824 , thought it run down . He said , His house is rather old and going to decay ; appearances about his yard and hill are rather slovenly . It commands an extensive prospect but it being a misty cloudy day , I could see but little of the surrounding scenery . Preservation . After Jefferson died on July 4 , 1826 , his only official surviving daughter , Martha Jefferson Randolph , inherited Monticello . The estate was encumbered with debt and Martha Randolph had financial problems in her own family because of her husbands mental illness . In 1831 , she sold Monticello to James Turner Barclay , a local apothecary . Barclay sold it in 1834 to Uriah P . Levy , the first Jewish commodore ( equivalent to todays admiral ) in the United States Navy . A fifth-generation American whose family first settled in Savannah , Georgia , Levy greatly admired Jefferson and used private funds to repair , restore and preserve the house . The Confederate government seized the house as enemy property at the outset of the American Civil War and sold it to Confederate officer Benjamin Franklin Ficklin . Levys estate recovered the property after the war . Levys heirs argued over his estate , but their lawsuits were settled in 1879 , when Uriah Levys nephew , Jefferson Monroe Levy , a prominent New York lawyer , real estate and stock speculator ( and later member of Congress ) , bought out the other heirs for $10,050 , and took control of Monticello . Like his uncle , Jefferson Levy commissioned repairs , restoration and preservation of the grounds and house , which had been deteriorating seriously while the lawsuits wound their way through the courts in New York and Virginia . Together , the Levys preserved Monticello for nearly 100 years . In 1923 , a private non-profit organization , the Thomas Jefferson Foundation , purchased the house from Jefferson Levy with funds raised by Theodore Fred Kuper and others . They managed additional restoration under architects including Fiske Kimball and Milton L . Grigg . Since that time , other restoration has been performed at Monticello . The Foundation operates Monticello and its grounds as a house museum and educational institution . Visitors can wander the grounds , as well as tour rooms in the cellar and ground floor . More expensive tour pass options include sunset hours , as well as tours of the second floor and the third floor , including the iconic dome . Monticello is a National Historic Landmark . It is the only private home in the United States to be designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Included in that designation are the original grounds and buildings of Jeffersons University of Virginia . From 1989 to 1992 , a team of architects from the Historic American Buildings Survey ( HABS ) created a collection of measured drawings of Monticello . These drawings are held by the Library of Congress . Among Jeffersons other designs are Poplar Forest , his private retreat near Lynchburg ( which he intended for his daughter Maria , who died at age 25 ) ; the University of Virginia , and the Virginia State Capitol in Richmond . Decoration and furnishings . Much of Monticellos interior decoration reflects the personal ideas and ideals of Jefferson . The original main entrance is through the portico on the east front . The ceiling of this portico incorporates a wind plate connected to a weather vane , showing the direction of the wind . A large clock face on the external east-facing wall has only an hour hand since Jefferson thought this was accurate enough for those he enslaved . The clock reflects the time shown on the Great Clock , designed by Jefferson , in the entrance hall . The entrance hall contains recreations of items collected by Lewis and Clark on the cross-country expedition commissioned by Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Purchase . Jefferson had the floorcloth painted a true grass green upon the recommendation of artist Gilbert Stuart , so that Jeffersons essay in architecture could invite the spirit of the outdoors into the house . The south wing includes Jeffersons private suite of rooms . The library holds many books from his third library collection . His first library was burned in an accidental plantation fire , and he ceded ( or sold ) his second library in 1815 to the United States Congress to replace the books lost when the British burned Washington in 1814 . This second library formed the nucleus of the Library of Congress . As larger than life as Monticello seems , the house has approximately of living space . Jefferson considered much furniture to be a waste of space , so the dining room table was erected only at mealtimes , and beds were built into alcoves cut into thick walls that contain storage space . Jeffersons bed opens to two sides : to his cabinet ( study ) and to his bedroom ( dressing room ) . In 2017 a room identified as Sally Hemings quarters at Monticello , adjacent to Jeffersons bedroom , was discovered in an archeological excavation . It will be restored and refurbished . This is part of the Mountaintop Project , which includes restorations in order to give a fuller account of the lives of both enslaved laborers and free families at Monticello . The west front ( illustration ) gives the impression of a villa of modest proportions , with a lower floor disguised in the hillside . The north wing includes two guest bedrooms and the dining room . It has a dumbwaiter incorporated into the fireplace , as well as dumbwaiters ( shelved tables on casters ) and a pivoting serving door with shelves . Quarters for enslaved laborers on Mulberry Row . Jefferson located one set of his quarters for enslaved people on Mulberry Row , a one-thousand-foot road of slave , service , and industrial structures . Mulberry Row was situated south of Monticello , with the quarters facing the Jefferson mansion . These cabins were occupied by the enslaved Africans who worked in the mansion or in Jeffersons manufacturing ventures , and not by those who labored in the fields . At one point , Jefferson sketched out plans for a row of substantial , dignified neoclassical houses for Mulberry Row , for enslaved blacks and white workers , having in mind an integrated row of residences . Henry Wiencek argues : It was no small thing to use architecture to make a visible equality of the races . Archaeology of the site shows that the rooms of the cabins were much larger in the 1770s than in the 1790s . Researchers disagree as to whether this indicates that more enslaved laborers were crowded into a smaller spaces , or that fewer people lived in the smaller spaces . Earlier houses for enslaved laborers had a two-room plan , one family per room , with a single , shared doorway to the outside . But from the 1790s on , all rooms/families had independent doorways . Most of the cabins are free-standing , single-room structures . By the time of Jeffersons death , some enslaved families had labored and lived for four generations at Monticello . Thomas Jefferson recorded his strategy for employing children in his Farm Book . Until the age of 10 , children served as nurses . When the plantation grew tobacco , children were at a good height to remove and kill tobacco worms from the crops . Once he began growing wheat , fewer people were needed to maintain the crops , so Jefferson established manual trades . He stated that children go into the ground or learn trades When girls were 16 , they began spinning and weaving textiles . Boys made nails from age 10 to 16 . In 1794 , Jefferson had a dozen boys working at the nailery . While working at the nailery , boys received more food and may have received new clothes if they did a good job . After the nailery , boys became blacksmiths , coopers , carpenters , or house servants . Six families and their descendants were featured in the exhibit , Slavery at Jeffersons Monticello : Paradox of Liberty ( January to October 2012 ) at the Smithsonians National Museum of American History , which also examines Jefferson as an enslaver . Developed as a collaboration between the National Museum of African American History and Culture and Monticello , it is the first exhibit on the national mall to address these issues . In February 2012 , Monticello opened a new outdoor exhibit on its grounds : Landscape of Slavery : Mulberry Row at Monticello , to convey more about the lives of the hundreds of enslaved laborers who lived and worked at the plantation . Outbuildings and plantation . The main house was augmented by small outlying pavilions to the north and south . A row of outbuildings ( dairy , a washhouse , store houses , a small nail factory , a joinery etc. ) and quarters for enslaved laborers ( log cabins ) , known as Mulberry Row , lay nearby to the south . A stone weavers cottage survives , as does the tall chimney of the joinery , and the foundations of other buildings . A cabin on Mulberry Row was , for a time , the home of Sally Hemings , an enslaved woman who worked in the household who is widely believed to have had a 38-year relationship with the widower Jefferson and to have borne six children by him , four of whom survived to adulthood . The genealogist Helen F.M . Leary concluded that the chain of evidence securely fastens Sally Hemingss children to their father , Thomas Jefferson . Later Hemings lived in a room in the south dependency below the main house . On the slope below Mulberry Row , enslaved laborers maintained an extensive vegetable garden for Jefferson and the main house . In addition to growing flowers for display and producing crops for eating , Jefferson used the gardens of Monticello for experimenting with different species . The house was the center of a plantation of tended by some 150 enslaved laborers . There are also two houses included in the whole . Programming . In recent decades , the TJF has created programs to more fully interpret the lives of enslaved people at Monticello . Beginning in 1993 , researchers interviewed descendants of Monticello enslaved people for the Getting Word Project , a collection of oral history that provided much new insight into the lives of enslaved people at Monticello and their descendants . ( Among findings were that no enslaved people adopted Jefferson as a surname , but many had their own surnames as early as the 18th century. ) New research , publications and training for guides has been added since 2000 , when the Foundations Research Committee concluded it was highly likely that Jefferson had fathered Sally Hemingss children . Some of Mulberry Row has been designated as archeological sites , where excavations and analysis are revealing much about life of enslaved people at the plantation . In the winter of 2000–2001 , the enslaved African burial ground at Monticello was discovered . In the fall of 2001 , the Thomas Jefferson Foundation held a commemoration of the burial ground , in which the names of known enslaved people of Monticello were read aloud . Additional archeological work is providing information about African-American burial practices . In 2003 Monticello welcomed a reunion of descendants of Jefferson from both the Wayless and Hemingss sides of the family . It was organized by the descendants , who have created a new group called the Monticello Community . Additional and larger reunions have been held . Land purchase . In 2004 , the trustees acquired Mountaintop Farm ( also known locally as Pattersons or Browns Mountain ) , the only property that overlooks Monticello . Jefferson had called the taller mountain Montalto . To prevent development of new homes on the site , the trustees spent $15 million to purchase the property . Jefferson had owned it as part of his plantation , but it was sold off after his death . In the 20th century , its farmhouses were divided into apartments for many University of Virginia students . The officials at Monticello had long considered the property an eyesore , and planned to acquire it when it became available . Architecture . The house is similar in appearance to Chiswick House , a Neoclassical house inspired by the architect Andrea Palladio built in 1726–1729 in London . Representation in other media . Monticello was featured in Bob Vilas A&E Network production , Guide to Historic Homes of America , in a tour which included Honeymoon Cottage and the Dome Room , which is open to the public during a limited number of tours each year . Replicas . In 2014 , Prestley Blake constructed a 10,000-square-foot replica of Monticello in Somers , Connecticut . It can be seen on Rte 186 also known as Hall Hill Rd . The entrance pavilion of the Naval Academy Jewish Chapel at Annapolis is modeled on Monticello . Chamberlin Hall at Wilbraham & Monson Academy in Wilbraham , Massachusetts , built in 1962 and modeled on Monticello , serves as the location of the Academys Middle School . Completed in August 2015 , Dallas Baptist University built one of the largest replicas of Monticello , including its entry halls and a dome room . Approximately 23,000 square feet , it is the home of the Gary Cook School of Leadership , as well as the University Chancellors offices . Saint Pauls Baptist Church located at the corner of E Belt Boulevard and Hull Street Road in Richmond is modeled after Monticello . Originally built by Weatherford Memorial Baptist Church , the building was donated to St Pauls when Weatherford Memorial ran out of money and disbanded in the early 2000s . Pi Kappa Alphas Memorial Headquarters , opened in 1988 is located in the TPC Southwind development in Memphis , Tennessee and was inspired by the architecture of Monticello . Legacy . Monticellos image has appeared on U.S . currency and postage stamps . An image of the west front of Monticello by Felix Schlag has been featured on the reverse of the nickel minted since 1938 ( with a brief interruption in 2004 and 2005 , when designs of the Westward Journey series appeared instead ) . It was also used as the title for the 2015 play Jeffersons Garden , which centred on his life . Monticello also appeared on the reverse of the two-dollar bill from 1928 to 1966 , when the bill was discontinued . The current bill was introduced in 1976 and retains Jeffersons portrait on the obverse but replaced Monticello on the reverse with an engraved modified reproduction of John Trumbulls 1818 painting Declaration of Independence . The gift shop at Monticello hands out two-dollar bills as change . The 1994 commemorative Thomas Jefferson 250th Anniversary silver dollar features Monticello on the reverse .

hard

Which site was the heritage designation of Monticello between Jul 1951 and Feb 1958?

/wiki/Monticello#P1435#2

Monticello Monticello ( ) was the primary plantation of Thomas Jefferson , the third president of the United States , who began designing Monticello after inheriting land from his father at age 26 . Located just outside Charlottesville , Virginia , in the Piedmont region , the plantation was originally , with Jefferson using the labor of enslaved African people for extensive cultivation of tobacco and mixed crops , later shifting from tobacco cultivation to wheat in response to changing markets . Due to its architectural and historic significance , the property has been designated a National Historic Landmark . In 1987 , Monticello and the nearby University of Virginia , also designed by Jefferson , were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The current nickel , a United States coin , features a depiction of Monticello on its reverse side . Jefferson designed the main house using neoclassical design principles described by Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio and reworking the design through much of his presidency to include design elements popular in late 18th-century Europe and integrating numerous ideas of his own . Situated on the summit of an -high peak in the Southwest Mountains south of the Rivanna Gap , the name Monticello derives from Italian meaning little mountain . Along a prominent lane adjacent to the house , Mulberry Row , the plantation came to include numerous outbuildings for specialized functions , e.g. , a nailery ; quarters for enslaved Africans who worked in the home ; gardens for flowers , produce , and Jeffersons experiments in plant breeding—along with tobacco fields and mixed crops . Cabins for enslaved Africans who worked in the fields were farther from the mansion , out of Jeffersons sight both literally and figuratively . At Jeffersons direction , he was buried on the grounds , in an area now designated as the Monticello Cemetery . The cemetery is owned by the Monticello Association , a society of his descendants through Martha Wayles Skelton Jefferson . After Jeffersons death , his daughter Martha Jefferson Randolph sold the property . In 1834 , it was bought by Uriah P . Levy , a commodore in the U.S . Navy , who admired Jefferson and spent his own money to preserve the property . His nephew Jefferson Monroe Levy took over the property in 1879 ; he also invested considerable money to restore and preserve it . In 1923 , Monroe Levy sold it to the Thomas Jefferson Foundation ( TJF ) , which operates it as a house museum and educational institution . Design and building . Jeffersons home was built to serve as a plantation house , which ultimately took on the architectural form of a villa . It has many architectural antecedents , but Jefferson went beyond them to create something very much his own . He consciously sought to create a new architecture for a new nation . Work began on what historians would subsequently refer to as the first Monticello in 1768 , on a plantation of . Jefferson moved into the South Pavilion ( an outbuilding ) in 1770 , where his new wife Martha Wayles Skelton joined him in 1772 . Jefferson continued work on his original design , but how much was completed is of some dispute . In constructing and later reconstructing his home , Jefferson used a combination of free workers , indentured servants and enslaved laborers . After his wifes death in 1782 , Jefferson left Monticello in 1784 to serve as Minister of the United States to France . During his several years in Europe , he had an opportunity to see some of the classical buildings with which he had become acquainted from his reading , as well as to discover the modern trends in French architecture that were then fashionable in Paris . His decision to remodel his own home may date from this period . In 1794 , following his tenure as the first U.S . Secretary of State ( 1790–1793 ) , Jefferson began rebuilding his house based on the ideas he had acquired in Europe . The remodeling continued throughout most of his presidency ( 1801–1809 ) . Although generally completed by 1809 , Jefferson continued work on the present structure until his death in 1826 . Jefferson added a center hallway and a parallel set of rooms to the structure , more than doubling its area . He removed the second full-height story from the original house and replaced it with a mezzanine bedroom floor . The interior is centered on two large rooms , which served as an entrance-hall-museum , where Jefferson displayed his scientific interests , and a music-sitting room . The most dramatic element of the new design was an octagonal dome , which he placed above the west front of the building in place of a second-story portico . The room inside the dome was described by a visitor as a noble and beautiful apartment , but it was rarely used—perhaps because it was hot in summer and cold in winter , or because it could be reached only by climbing a steep and very narrow flight of stairs . The dome room has now been restored to its appearance during Jeffersons lifetime , with Mars yellow walls and a painted green and black checkered floor . Summertime temperatures are high in the region , with indoor temperatures of around . Jefferson himself is known to have been interested in Roman and Renaissance texts about ancient temperature-control techniques such as ground-cooled air and heated floors . Monticellos large central hall and aligned windows were designed to allow a cooling air-current to pass through the house , and the octagonal cupola draws hot air up and out . In the late twentieth century , moderate air conditioning , designed to avoid the harm to the house and its contents that would be caused by major modifications and large temperature differentials , was installed in the house , a tourist attraction . Before Jeffersons death , Monticello had begun to show signs of disrepair . The attention Jeffersons university project in Charlottesville demanded , and family problems , diverted his focus . The most important reason for the mansions deterioration was his accumulating debts . In the last few years of Jeffersons life , much went without repair in Monticello . A witness , Samuel Whitcomb Jr. , who visited Jefferson in 1824 , thought it run down . He said , His house is rather old and going to decay ; appearances about his yard and hill are rather slovenly . It commands an extensive prospect but it being a misty cloudy day , I could see but little of the surrounding scenery . Preservation . After Jefferson died on July 4 , 1826 , his only official surviving daughter , Martha Jefferson Randolph , inherited Monticello . The estate was encumbered with debt and Martha Randolph had financial problems in her own family because of her husbands mental illness . In 1831 , she sold Monticello to James Turner Barclay , a local apothecary . Barclay sold it in 1834 to Uriah P . Levy , the first Jewish commodore ( equivalent to todays admiral ) in the United States Navy . A fifth-generation American whose family first settled in Savannah , Georgia , Levy greatly admired Jefferson and used private funds to repair , restore and preserve the house . The Confederate government seized the house as enemy property at the outset of the American Civil War and sold it to Confederate officer Benjamin Franklin Ficklin . Levys estate recovered the property after the war . Levys heirs argued over his estate , but their lawsuits were settled in 1879 , when Uriah Levys nephew , Jefferson Monroe Levy , a prominent New York lawyer , real estate and stock speculator ( and later member of Congress ) , bought out the other heirs for $10,050 , and took control of Monticello . Like his uncle , Jefferson Levy commissioned repairs , restoration and preservation of the grounds and house , which had been deteriorating seriously while the lawsuits wound their way through the courts in New York and Virginia . Together , the Levys preserved Monticello for nearly 100 years . In 1923 , a private non-profit organization , the Thomas Jefferson Foundation , purchased the house from Jefferson Levy with funds raised by Theodore Fred Kuper and others . They managed additional restoration under architects including Fiske Kimball and Milton L . Grigg . Since that time , other restoration has been performed at Monticello . The Foundation operates Monticello and its grounds as a house museum and educational institution . Visitors can wander the grounds , as well as tour rooms in the cellar and ground floor . More expensive tour pass options include sunset hours , as well as tours of the second floor and the third floor , including the iconic dome . Monticello is a National Historic Landmark . It is the only private home in the United States to be designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Included in that designation are the original grounds and buildings of Jeffersons University of Virginia . From 1989 to 1992 , a team of architects from the Historic American Buildings Survey ( HABS ) created a collection of measured drawings of Monticello . These drawings are held by the Library of Congress . Among Jeffersons other designs are Poplar Forest , his private retreat near Lynchburg ( which he intended for his daughter Maria , who died at age 25 ) ; the University of Virginia , and the Virginia State Capitol in Richmond . Decoration and furnishings . Much of Monticellos interior decoration reflects the personal ideas and ideals of Jefferson . The original main entrance is through the portico on the east front . The ceiling of this portico incorporates a wind plate connected to a weather vane , showing the direction of the wind . A large clock face on the external east-facing wall has only an hour hand since Jefferson thought this was accurate enough for those he enslaved . The clock reflects the time shown on the Great Clock , designed by Jefferson , in the entrance hall . The entrance hall contains recreations of items collected by Lewis and Clark on the cross-country expedition commissioned by Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Purchase . Jefferson had the floorcloth painted a true grass green upon the recommendation of artist Gilbert Stuart , so that Jeffersons essay in architecture could invite the spirit of the outdoors into the house . The south wing includes Jeffersons private suite of rooms . The library holds many books from his third library collection . His first library was burned in an accidental plantation fire , and he ceded ( or sold ) his second library in 1815 to the United States Congress to replace the books lost when the British burned Washington in 1814 . This second library formed the nucleus of the Library of Congress . As larger than life as Monticello seems , the house has approximately of living space . Jefferson considered much furniture to be a waste of space , so the dining room table was erected only at mealtimes , and beds were built into alcoves cut into thick walls that contain storage space . Jeffersons bed opens to two sides : to his cabinet ( study ) and to his bedroom ( dressing room ) . In 2017 a room identified as Sally Hemings quarters at Monticello , adjacent to Jeffersons bedroom , was discovered in an archeological excavation . It will be restored and refurbished . This is part of the Mountaintop Project , which includes restorations in order to give a fuller account of the lives of both enslaved laborers and free families at Monticello . The west front ( illustration ) gives the impression of a villa of modest proportions , with a lower floor disguised in the hillside . The north wing includes two guest bedrooms and the dining room . It has a dumbwaiter incorporated into the fireplace , as well as dumbwaiters ( shelved tables on casters ) and a pivoting serving door with shelves . Quarters for enslaved laborers on Mulberry Row . Jefferson located one set of his quarters for enslaved people on Mulberry Row , a one-thousand-foot road of slave , service , and industrial structures . Mulberry Row was situated south of Monticello , with the quarters facing the Jefferson mansion . These cabins were occupied by the enslaved Africans who worked in the mansion or in Jeffersons manufacturing ventures , and not by those who labored in the fields . At one point , Jefferson sketched out plans for a row of substantial , dignified neoclassical houses for Mulberry Row , for enslaved blacks and white workers , having in mind an integrated row of residences . Henry Wiencek argues : It was no small thing to use architecture to make a visible equality of the races . Archaeology of the site shows that the rooms of the cabins were much larger in the 1770s than in the 1790s . Researchers disagree as to whether this indicates that more enslaved laborers were crowded into a smaller spaces , or that fewer people lived in the smaller spaces . Earlier houses for enslaved laborers had a two-room plan , one family per room , with a single , shared doorway to the outside . But from the 1790s on , all rooms/families had independent doorways . Most of the cabins are free-standing , single-room structures . By the time of Jeffersons death , some enslaved families had labored and lived for four generations at Monticello . Thomas Jefferson recorded his strategy for employing children in his Farm Book . Until the age of 10 , children served as nurses . When the plantation grew tobacco , children were at a good height to remove and kill tobacco worms from the crops . Once he began growing wheat , fewer people were needed to maintain the crops , so Jefferson established manual trades . He stated that children go into the ground or learn trades When girls were 16 , they began spinning and weaving textiles . Boys made nails from age 10 to 16 . In 1794 , Jefferson had a dozen boys working at the nailery . While working at the nailery , boys received more food and may have received new clothes if they did a good job . After the nailery , boys became blacksmiths , coopers , carpenters , or house servants . Six families and their descendants were featured in the exhibit , Slavery at Jeffersons Monticello : Paradox of Liberty ( January to October 2012 ) at the Smithsonians National Museum of American History , which also examines Jefferson as an enslaver . Developed as a collaboration between the National Museum of African American History and Culture and Monticello , it is the first exhibit on the national mall to address these issues . In February 2012 , Monticello opened a new outdoor exhibit on its grounds : Landscape of Slavery : Mulberry Row at Monticello , to convey more about the lives of the hundreds of enslaved laborers who lived and worked at the plantation . Outbuildings and plantation . The main house was augmented by small outlying pavilions to the north and south . A row of outbuildings ( dairy , a washhouse , store houses , a small nail factory , a joinery etc. ) and quarters for enslaved laborers ( log cabins ) , known as Mulberry Row , lay nearby to the south . A stone weavers cottage survives , as does the tall chimney of the joinery , and the foundations of other buildings . A cabin on Mulberry Row was , for a time , the home of Sally Hemings , an enslaved woman who worked in the household who is widely believed to have had a 38-year relationship with the widower Jefferson and to have borne six children by him , four of whom survived to adulthood . The genealogist Helen F.M . Leary concluded that the chain of evidence securely fastens Sally Hemingss children to their father , Thomas Jefferson . Later Hemings lived in a room in the south dependency below the main house . On the slope below Mulberry Row , enslaved laborers maintained an extensive vegetable garden for Jefferson and the main house . In addition to growing flowers for display and producing crops for eating , Jefferson used the gardens of Monticello for experimenting with different species . The house was the center of a plantation of tended by some 150 enslaved laborers . There are also two houses included in the whole . Programming . In recent decades , the TJF has created programs to more fully interpret the lives of enslaved people at Monticello . Beginning in 1993 , researchers interviewed descendants of Monticello enslaved people for the Getting Word Project , a collection of oral history that provided much new insight into the lives of enslaved people at Monticello and their descendants . ( Among findings were that no enslaved people adopted Jefferson as a surname , but many had their own surnames as early as the 18th century. ) New research , publications and training for guides has been added since 2000 , when the Foundations Research Committee concluded it was highly likely that Jefferson had fathered Sally Hemingss children . Some of Mulberry Row has been designated as archeological sites , where excavations and analysis are revealing much about life of enslaved people at the plantation . In the winter of 2000–2001 , the enslaved African burial ground at Monticello was discovered . In the fall of 2001 , the Thomas Jefferson Foundation held a commemoration of the burial ground , in which the names of known enslaved people of Monticello were read aloud . Additional archeological work is providing information about African-American burial practices . In 2003 Monticello welcomed a reunion of descendants of Jefferson from both the Wayless and Hemingss sides of the family . It was organized by the descendants , who have created a new group called the Monticello Community . Additional and larger reunions have been held . Land purchase . In 2004 , the trustees acquired Mountaintop Farm ( also known locally as Pattersons or Browns Mountain ) , the only property that overlooks Monticello . Jefferson had called the taller mountain Montalto . To prevent development of new homes on the site , the trustees spent $15 million to purchase the property . Jefferson had owned it as part of his plantation , but it was sold off after his death . In the 20th century , its farmhouses were divided into apartments for many University of Virginia students . The officials at Monticello had long considered the property an eyesore , and planned to acquire it when it became available . Architecture . The house is similar in appearance to Chiswick House , a Neoclassical house inspired by the architect Andrea Palladio built in 1726–1729 in London . Representation in other media . Monticello was featured in Bob Vilas A&E Network production , Guide to Historic Homes of America , in a tour which included Honeymoon Cottage and the Dome Room , which is open to the public during a limited number of tours each year . Replicas . In 2014 , Prestley Blake constructed a 10,000-square-foot replica of Monticello in Somers , Connecticut . It can be seen on Rte 186 also known as Hall Hill Rd . The entrance pavilion of the Naval Academy Jewish Chapel at Annapolis is modeled on Monticello . Chamberlin Hall at Wilbraham & Monson Academy in Wilbraham , Massachusetts , built in 1962 and modeled on Monticello , serves as the location of the Academys Middle School . Completed in August 2015 , Dallas Baptist University built one of the largest replicas of Monticello , including its entry halls and a dome room . Approximately 23,000 square feet , it is the home of the Gary Cook School of Leadership , as well as the University Chancellors offices . Saint Pauls Baptist Church located at the corner of E Belt Boulevard and Hull Street Road in Richmond is modeled after Monticello . Originally built by Weatherford Memorial Baptist Church , the building was donated to St Pauls when Weatherford Memorial ran out of money and disbanded in the early 2000s . Pi Kappa Alphas Memorial Headquarters , opened in 1988 is located in the TPC Southwind development in Memphis , Tennessee and was inspired by the architecture of Monticello . Legacy . Monticellos image has appeared on U.S . currency and postage stamps . An image of the west front of Monticello by Felix Schlag has been featured on the reverse of the nickel minted since 1938 ( with a brief interruption in 2004 and 2005 , when designs of the Westward Journey series appeared instead ) . It was also used as the title for the 2015 play Jeffersons Garden , which centred on his life . Monticello also appeared on the reverse of the two-dollar bill from 1928 to 1966 , when the bill was discontinued . The current bill was introduced in 1976 and retains Jeffersons portrait on the obverse but replaced Monticello on the reverse with an engraved modified reproduction of John Trumbulls 1818 painting Declaration of Independence . The gift shop at Monticello hands out two-dollar bills as change . The 1994 commemorative Thomas Jefferson 250th Anniversary silver dollar features Monticello on the reverse .

hard

Which team did Chris Basham play for in Mar 2006?

/wiki/Chris_Basham#P54#0

Chris Basham Christopher Paul Basham ( born 30 May 1988 ) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or centre back for club Sheffield United . Having started as a junior with Newcastle United , he played for Bolton Wanderers , as well as having loan spells at Stafford Rangers and Rochdale , prior to joining Blackpool in August 2010 . Career . Bolton Wanderers . Basham was a member of the youth team at Newcastle United before being released at age sixteen . Soon after , he joined Bolton Wanderers , where he signed his first professional contract with the club , signing a two-year deal . In November 2006 Basham joined Conference National side Stafford Rangers on a months loan , making his debut on 25 November in a 2–2 home draw with St Albans City . After four appearances for Rangers , Basham returned to Bolton when his loan deal expired . On 7 February 2008 , Basham joined League Two side Rochdale on loan until the end of the 2007–08 season . Making his debut on 12 February 2008 in a 4–2 home defeat to Hereford United , Basham went on to make a total of 13 appearances for his temporary employers , helping Rochdale to finish fifth in the league and qualify for the League Two play-offs . The following season saw Basham make his senior debut for Bolton Wanderers as an 89th-minute substitute in the 4–1 win over Sunderland at the Stadium of Light on 29 November 2008 . He scored his first goal on 11 April 2009 , in a 4–3 defeat to Chelsea at Stamford Bridge , and eventually made a total of eleven appearances that season . The following season saw Basham making his first appearance came on 29 August 2009 , where he came on as a substitute in the second half , in a 3–2 loss against Liverpool , followed up by assisting a winning goal for Gary Cahill , in a 3–2 win over Portsmouth on 12 September 2009 . On 6 November 2009 , and after 17 appearances for the club , Basham signed a contract extension with Bolton until the summer of 2012 . Remaining on the fringes of the first-team Basham made a total of eight league and two cup appearances in the 2009–10 season before an injury kept him out for the rest of the season . Blackpool . On 6 August 2010 , Bolton Wanderers turned down a bid from newly promoted Premier League side Blackpool . Eventually , Blackpool made a second bid for Basham , which was accepted by the club and the next day , on 13 August 2010 , Basham signed a three-year contract with Blackpool for a fee reported to be in the region of £1million . The following day after signing for the club , Basham made his debut as a 60th-minute substitute for Marlon Harewood as Blackpool marked their Premier League debut on the opening day of the 2010–11 season with a 4–0 win over Wigan Athletic at the DW Stadium . It wasnt until on 10 November 2010 when he made his second appearance against Aston Villa , making his first start and played the whole game , in a 3–2 loss . However , Basham spent the most of the season on the reserve bench or injured and at the end of the season , the club were relegated to the Championship . After appearing two matches at the start of the 2011–12 season , Basham suffered an injury that kept him out for a month and expected to be loaned out once he returned from injury . However , Basham was recalled to the first team once he recovered following the clubs injury crisis and then on 10 December 2011 , Basham scored his first goal for Blackpool , heading the first equaliser of a 2–2 away draw at Southampton . His second goal for the club then came on 21 January 2012 , in a 2–1 win over Crystal Palace . Despite missing out for the rest of the season , he made 21 appearance and scoring two times in all competitions . In the 2012–13 season , Basham appeared in and out of the first team at the start of the season , due to being on the sidelined and played in the reserve . By the time he suffered ankle injury in early-December , he made seven appearance . After returning from injury , Basham then scored his first Blackpool on 29 December 2012 , in a 4–2 loss against Middlesbrough . As the 2012–13 season progressed , Basham remained in the first team despite suffering from injuries during a match against Leicester City that kept him out for a month and went on to finish the 2012–13 season , making 28 appearance and scoring once in all competitions . Following this , Blackpool opted to take up their option of a contract extension , keeping Basham under contract until summer 2014 . In the 2013–14 season , Basham began to establish himself in the first team and started well , helping the club go unbeaten for the first six matches to the start of the season , including scoring his first goal of the season , in a 1–1 draw against Middlesbrough on 17 August 2013 . After appearing four matches throughout September , including scoring another against Leicester City , Bashams performance earned him Wonga.com Player of the Month award for September . Despite missing out on two occasions , due to injury and suspension , Basham continued to be in the first team throughout the season and went on to make 42 appearances in all competitions . At the end of the 2013–14 season , Basham was offered a new contract by the club . Sheffield United . On 5 June 2014 , Basham signed a three-year deal with Sheffield United on a free transfer after his contract with Blackpool came to an end . Upon joining the club , Basham was given number six shirt for the new season . Basham made his Sheffield United , making his first start and played 86 minutes before being substituted , in a 2–1 loss against Bristol City in the opening game of the season . Since making his debut , Basham became a first team regular at the club and was praised by Manager Nigel Clough , playing most of the season in midfield or centre-back positions . However , as the 2014–15 season progressed , he continued to be in the first team despite facing suspension and injury . In the play-offs , Basham played both legs against Swindon Town and scored in the second leg , in a 5–5 draw but unsuccessful , having previously lost 2–1 against them in the first leg . Despite this , he finished his first season , making 50 appearances ( 20 league ) in all competitions . In the 2015–16 season , Basham continued to be in the first team regular at the club following the arrival of Manager Nigel Adkins and then played his first match as captain against Doncaster Rovers on 26 September 2015 , scoring his first goal of the season , in a 3–1 win . Throughout the 2015–16 season , Basham went on to captain on five occasions following Jay McEveleys absence . Bashams second goal of the season came on 28 November 2015 , in a 1–1 draw against Barnsley . Basham also scored two more goals later in the season against Colchester United and Walsall . Despite missing out two league matches , due to injuries . and Basham made 49 ( 44 league ) appearances and scoring four times in all competitions . In the 2016–17 season , Basham continued to be in the first team regular at the club following the arrival of Manager Chris Wilder and played in the midfield position . Basham then scored his first goal of the season , but was later sent-off in the second half , in a 2–2 draw against Scunthorpe United on 24 September 2016 . After serving a three match suspension , Basham returned to the first team , on 18 October 2016 , making his first start from suspension , in a 3–0 win against Shrewsbury Town , followed up by scoring in the next game , in a 3–3 draw against Bradford City . Two weeks later , on 6 November 2016 , Basham scored and set up one of the goals , in a 6–0 win over Leyton Orient in the first round of the FA Cup . Due to his impressive performance at the club , Manager Wilder hinted that Basham could be earning a new contract , with a year to his contract left . As the 2016–17 season progressed , Basham began to play in the defense , as a centre-back , partnering with either Jack OConnell , Ethan Ebanks-Landell and Jake Wright . Around the same time , Basham played in the midfield position , with Paul Coutts . Then , in a 3–0 win over Port Vale on 14 April 2017 , Basham produced an impressive display when he set up two goals . At the end of the 2016–17 season , which saw Sheffield United promoted to Championship after six seasons in League One , Basham went on to make 48 appearances and scoring two times in all competitions . In July 2017 , Basham penned a new two-year contract with the Blades having played a key role in Uniteds title winning promotion from League One . On 28 April 2019 , Basham saw his second promotion in three seasons with United as the Blades were promoted to the Premier League . On 1 August 2020 , Basham signed a new two-year deal at Sheffield United . Basham won the Player of the year award and Players player of the year award for the 2019–20 season . Personal life . Basham was born in Hebburn , Tyne and Wear . He studied at Gateshead College and trained with their Academy for Sport . He grew up supporting Sunderland . Basham considers Alan Cork as a great influence and is indebted to Cork for guiding him throughout his professional football career . Having two years away from football , after leaving Newcastle United at sixteen , Basham worked at McDonalds . In late 2014 , Basham became a father . Honours . Sheffield United - EFL League One : 2016–17 - EFL Championship runner-up : 2018–19 Individual - Sheffield United Player of the Year Award : 2019-20 - Sheffield United Players Player of the Year Award : 2019-20 External links . - Profile at the Sheffield United F.C . website

hard

Which team did Chris Basham play for in Sep 2007?

/wiki/Chris_Basham#P54#1

Chris Basham Christopher Paul Basham ( born 30 May 1988 ) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or centre back for club Sheffield United . Having started as a junior with Newcastle United , he played for Bolton Wanderers , as well as having loan spells at Stafford Rangers and Rochdale , prior to joining Blackpool in August 2010 . Career . Bolton Wanderers . Basham was a member of the youth team at Newcastle United before being released at age sixteen . Soon after , he joined Bolton Wanderers , where he signed his first professional contract with the club , signing a two-year deal . In November 2006 Basham joined Conference National side Stafford Rangers on a months loan , making his debut on 25 November in a 2–2 home draw with St Albans City . After four appearances for Rangers , Basham returned to Bolton when his loan deal expired . On 7 February 2008 , Basham joined League Two side Rochdale on loan until the end of the 2007–08 season . Making his debut on 12 February 2008 in a 4–2 home defeat to Hereford United , Basham went on to make a total of 13 appearances for his temporary employers , helping Rochdale to finish fifth in the league and qualify for the League Two play-offs . The following season saw Basham make his senior debut for Bolton Wanderers as an 89th-minute substitute in the 4–1 win over Sunderland at the Stadium of Light on 29 November 2008 . He scored his first goal on 11 April 2009 , in a 4–3 defeat to Chelsea at Stamford Bridge , and eventually made a total of eleven appearances that season . The following season saw Basham making his first appearance came on 29 August 2009 , where he came on as a substitute in the second half , in a 3–2 loss against Liverpool , followed up by assisting a winning goal for Gary Cahill , in a 3–2 win over Portsmouth on 12 September 2009 . On 6 November 2009 , and after 17 appearances for the club , Basham signed a contract extension with Bolton until the summer of 2012 . Remaining on the fringes of the first-team Basham made a total of eight league and two cup appearances in the 2009–10 season before an injury kept him out for the rest of the season . Blackpool . On 6 August 2010 , Bolton Wanderers turned down a bid from newly promoted Premier League side Blackpool . Eventually , Blackpool made a second bid for Basham , which was accepted by the club and the next day , on 13 August 2010 , Basham signed a three-year contract with Blackpool for a fee reported to be in the region of £1million . The following day after signing for the club , Basham made his debut as a 60th-minute substitute for Marlon Harewood as Blackpool marked their Premier League debut on the opening day of the 2010–11 season with a 4–0 win over Wigan Athletic at the DW Stadium . It wasnt until on 10 November 2010 when he made his second appearance against Aston Villa , making his first start and played the whole game , in a 3–2 loss . However , Basham spent the most of the season on the reserve bench or injured and at the end of the season , the club were relegated to the Championship . After appearing two matches at the start of the 2011–12 season , Basham suffered an injury that kept him out for a month and expected to be loaned out once he returned from injury . However , Basham was recalled to the first team once he recovered following the clubs injury crisis and then on 10 December 2011 , Basham scored his first goal for Blackpool , heading the first equaliser of a 2–2 away draw at Southampton . His second goal for the club then came on 21 January 2012 , in a 2–1 win over Crystal Palace . Despite missing out for the rest of the season , he made 21 appearance and scoring two times in all competitions . In the 2012–13 season , Basham appeared in and out of the first team at the start of the season , due to being on the sidelined and played in the reserve . By the time he suffered ankle injury in early-December , he made seven appearance . After returning from injury , Basham then scored his first Blackpool on 29 December 2012 , in a 4–2 loss against Middlesbrough . As the 2012–13 season progressed , Basham remained in the first team despite suffering from injuries during a match against Leicester City that kept him out for a month and went on to finish the 2012–13 season , making 28 appearance and scoring once in all competitions . Following this , Blackpool opted to take up their option of a contract extension , keeping Basham under contract until summer 2014 . In the 2013–14 season , Basham began to establish himself in the first team and started well , helping the club go unbeaten for the first six matches to the start of the season , including scoring his first goal of the season , in a 1–1 draw against Middlesbrough on 17 August 2013 . After appearing four matches throughout September , including scoring another against Leicester City , Bashams performance earned him Wonga.com Player of the Month award for September . Despite missing out on two occasions , due to injury and suspension , Basham continued to be in the first team throughout the season and went on to make 42 appearances in all competitions . At the end of the 2013–14 season , Basham was offered a new contract by the club . Sheffield United . On 5 June 2014 , Basham signed a three-year deal with Sheffield United on a free transfer after his contract with Blackpool came to an end . Upon joining the club , Basham was given number six shirt for the new season . Basham made his Sheffield United , making his first start and played 86 minutes before being substituted , in a 2–1 loss against Bristol City in the opening game of the season . Since making his debut , Basham became a first team regular at the club and was praised by Manager Nigel Clough , playing most of the season in midfield or centre-back positions . However , as the 2014–15 season progressed , he continued to be in the first team despite facing suspension and injury . In the play-offs , Basham played both legs against Swindon Town and scored in the second leg , in a 5–5 draw but unsuccessful , having previously lost 2–1 against them in the first leg . Despite this , he finished his first season , making 50 appearances ( 20 league ) in all competitions . In the 2015–16 season , Basham continued to be in the first team regular at the club following the arrival of Manager Nigel Adkins and then played his first match as captain against Doncaster Rovers on 26 September 2015 , scoring his first goal of the season , in a 3–1 win . Throughout the 2015–16 season , Basham went on to captain on five occasions following Jay McEveleys absence . Bashams second goal of the season came on 28 November 2015 , in a 1–1 draw against Barnsley . Basham also scored two more goals later in the season against Colchester United and Walsall . Despite missing out two league matches , due to injuries . and Basham made 49 ( 44 league ) appearances and scoring four times in all competitions . In the 2016–17 season , Basham continued to be in the first team regular at the club following the arrival of Manager Chris Wilder and played in the midfield position . Basham then scored his first goal of the season , but was later sent-off in the second half , in a 2–2 draw against Scunthorpe United on 24 September 2016 . After serving a three match suspension , Basham returned to the first team , on 18 October 2016 , making his first start from suspension , in a 3–0 win against Shrewsbury Town , followed up by scoring in the next game , in a 3–3 draw against Bradford City . Two weeks later , on 6 November 2016 , Basham scored and set up one of the goals , in a 6–0 win over Leyton Orient in the first round of the FA Cup . Due to his impressive performance at the club , Manager Wilder hinted that Basham could be earning a new contract , with a year to his contract left . As the 2016–17 season progressed , Basham began to play in the defense , as a centre-back , partnering with either Jack OConnell , Ethan Ebanks-Landell and Jake Wright . Around the same time , Basham played in the midfield position , with Paul Coutts . Then , in a 3–0 win over Port Vale on 14 April 2017 , Basham produced an impressive display when he set up two goals . At the end of the 2016–17 season , which saw Sheffield United promoted to Championship after six seasons in League One , Basham went on to make 48 appearances and scoring two times in all competitions . In July 2017 , Basham penned a new two-year contract with the Blades having played a key role in Uniteds title winning promotion from League One . On 28 April 2019 , Basham saw his second promotion in three seasons with United as the Blades were promoted to the Premier League . On 1 August 2020 , Basham signed a new two-year deal at Sheffield United . Basham won the Player of the year award and Players player of the year award for the 2019–20 season . Personal life . Basham was born in Hebburn , Tyne and Wear . He studied at Gateshead College and trained with their Academy for Sport . He grew up supporting Sunderland . Basham considers Alan Cork as a great influence and is indebted to Cork for guiding him throughout his professional football career . Having two years away from football , after leaving Newcastle United at sixteen , Basham worked at McDonalds . In late 2014 , Basham became a father . Honours . Sheffield United - EFL League One : 2016–17 - EFL Championship runner-up : 2018–19 Individual - Sheffield United Player of the Year Award : 2019-20 - Sheffield United Players Player of the Year Award : 2019-20 External links . - Profile at the Sheffield United F.C . website

hard

Which team did Chris Basham play for between Jun 2012 and Dec 2012?

/wiki/Chris_Basham#P54#2

Chris Basham Christopher Paul Basham ( born 30 May 1988 ) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or centre back for club Sheffield United . Having started as a junior with Newcastle United , he played for Bolton Wanderers , as well as having loan spells at Stafford Rangers and Rochdale , prior to joining Blackpool in August 2010 . Career . Bolton Wanderers . Basham was a member of the youth team at Newcastle United before being released at age sixteen . Soon after , he joined Bolton Wanderers , where he signed his first professional contract with the club , signing a two-year deal . In November 2006 Basham joined Conference National side Stafford Rangers on a months loan , making his debut on 25 November in a 2–2 home draw with St Albans City . After four appearances for Rangers , Basham returned to Bolton when his loan deal expired . On 7 February 2008 , Basham joined League Two side Rochdale on loan until the end of the 2007–08 season . Making his debut on 12 February 2008 in a 4–2 home defeat to Hereford United , Basham went on to make a total of 13 appearances for his temporary employers , helping Rochdale to finish fifth in the league and qualify for the League Two play-offs . The following season saw Basham make his senior debut for Bolton Wanderers as an 89th-minute substitute in the 4–1 win over Sunderland at the Stadium of Light on 29 November 2008 . He scored his first goal on 11 April 2009 , in a 4–3 defeat to Chelsea at Stamford Bridge , and eventually made a total of eleven appearances that season . The following season saw Basham making his first appearance came on 29 August 2009 , where he came on as a substitute in the second half , in a 3–2 loss against Liverpool , followed up by assisting a winning goal for Gary Cahill , in a 3–2 win over Portsmouth on 12 September 2009 . On 6 November 2009 , and after 17 appearances for the club , Basham signed a contract extension with Bolton until the summer of 2012 . Remaining on the fringes of the first-team Basham made a total of eight league and two cup appearances in the 2009–10 season before an injury kept him out for the rest of the season . Blackpool . On 6 August 2010 , Bolton Wanderers turned down a bid from newly promoted Premier League side Blackpool . Eventually , Blackpool made a second bid for Basham , which was accepted by the club and the next day , on 13 August 2010 , Basham signed a three-year contract with Blackpool for a fee reported to be in the region of £1million . The following day after signing for the club , Basham made his debut as a 60th-minute substitute for Marlon Harewood as Blackpool marked their Premier League debut on the opening day of the 2010–11 season with a 4–0 win over Wigan Athletic at the DW Stadium . It wasnt until on 10 November 2010 when he made his second appearance against Aston Villa , making his first start and played the whole game , in a 3–2 loss . However , Basham spent the most of the season on the reserve bench or injured and at the end of the season , the club were relegated to the Championship . After appearing two matches at the start of the 2011–12 season , Basham suffered an injury that kept him out for a month and expected to be loaned out once he returned from injury . However , Basham was recalled to the first team once he recovered following the clubs injury crisis and then on 10 December 2011 , Basham scored his first goal for Blackpool , heading the first equaliser of a 2–2 away draw at Southampton . His second goal for the club then came on 21 January 2012 , in a 2–1 win over Crystal Palace . Despite missing out for the rest of the season , he made 21 appearance and scoring two times in all competitions . In the 2012–13 season , Basham appeared in and out of the first team at the start of the season , due to being on the sidelined and played in the reserve . By the time he suffered ankle injury in early-December , he made seven appearance . After returning from injury , Basham then scored his first Blackpool on 29 December 2012 , in a 4–2 loss against Middlesbrough . As the 2012–13 season progressed , Basham remained in the first team despite suffering from injuries during a match against Leicester City that kept him out for a month and went on to finish the 2012–13 season , making 28 appearance and scoring once in all competitions . Following this , Blackpool opted to take up their option of a contract extension , keeping Basham under contract until summer 2014 . In the 2013–14 season , Basham began to establish himself in the first team and started well , helping the club go unbeaten for the first six matches to the start of the season , including scoring his first goal of the season , in a 1–1 draw against Middlesbrough on 17 August 2013 . After appearing four matches throughout September , including scoring another against Leicester City , Bashams performance earned him Wonga.com Player of the Month award for September . Despite missing out on two occasions , due to injury and suspension , Basham continued to be in the first team throughout the season and went on to make 42 appearances in all competitions . At the end of the 2013–14 season , Basham was offered a new contract by the club . Sheffield United . On 5 June 2014 , Basham signed a three-year deal with Sheffield United on a free transfer after his contract with Blackpool came to an end . Upon joining the club , Basham was given number six shirt for the new season . Basham made his Sheffield United , making his first start and played 86 minutes before being substituted , in a 2–1 loss against Bristol City in the opening game of the season . Since making his debut , Basham became a first team regular at the club and was praised by Manager Nigel Clough , playing most of the season in midfield or centre-back positions . However , as the 2014–15 season progressed , he continued to be in the first team despite facing suspension and injury . In the play-offs , Basham played both legs against Swindon Town and scored in the second leg , in a 5–5 draw but unsuccessful , having previously lost 2–1 against them in the first leg . Despite this , he finished his first season , making 50 appearances ( 20 league ) in all competitions . In the 2015–16 season , Basham continued to be in the first team regular at the club following the arrival of Manager Nigel Adkins and then played his first match as captain against Doncaster Rovers on 26 September 2015 , scoring his first goal of the season , in a 3–1 win . Throughout the 2015–16 season , Basham went on to captain on five occasions following Jay McEveleys absence . Bashams second goal of the season came on 28 November 2015 , in a 1–1 draw against Barnsley . Basham also scored two more goals later in the season against Colchester United and Walsall . Despite missing out two league matches , due to injuries . and Basham made 49 ( 44 league ) appearances and scoring four times in all competitions . In the 2016–17 season , Basham continued to be in the first team regular at the club following the arrival of Manager Chris Wilder and played in the midfield position . Basham then scored his first goal of the season , but was later sent-off in the second half , in a 2–2 draw against Scunthorpe United on 24 September 2016 . After serving a three match suspension , Basham returned to the first team , on 18 October 2016 , making his first start from suspension , in a 3–0 win against Shrewsbury Town , followed up by scoring in the next game , in a 3–3 draw against Bradford City . Two weeks later , on 6 November 2016 , Basham scored and set up one of the goals , in a 6–0 win over Leyton Orient in the first round of the FA Cup . Due to his impressive performance at the club , Manager Wilder hinted that Basham could be earning a new contract , with a year to his contract left . As the 2016–17 season progressed , Basham began to play in the defense , as a centre-back , partnering with either Jack OConnell , Ethan Ebanks-Landell and Jake Wright . Around the same time , Basham played in the midfield position , with Paul Coutts . Then , in a 3–0 win over Port Vale on 14 April 2017 , Basham produced an impressive display when he set up two goals . At the end of the 2016–17 season , which saw Sheffield United promoted to Championship after six seasons in League One , Basham went on to make 48 appearances and scoring two times in all competitions . In July 2017 , Basham penned a new two-year contract with the Blades having played a key role in Uniteds title winning promotion from League One . On 28 April 2019 , Basham saw his second promotion in three seasons with United as the Blades were promoted to the Premier League . On 1 August 2020 , Basham signed a new two-year deal at Sheffield United . Basham won the Player of the year award and Players player of the year award for the 2019–20 season . Personal life . Basham was born in Hebburn , Tyne and Wear . He studied at Gateshead College and trained with their Academy for Sport . He grew up supporting Sunderland . Basham considers Alan Cork as a great influence and is indebted to Cork for guiding him throughout his professional football career . Having two years away from football , after leaving Newcastle United at sixteen , Basham worked at McDonalds . In late 2014 , Basham became a father . Honours . Sheffield United - EFL League One : 2016–17 - EFL Championship runner-up : 2018–19 Individual - Sheffield United Player of the Year Award : 2019-20 - Sheffield United Players Player of the Year Award : 2019-20 External links . - Profile at the Sheffield United F.C . website

hard

Which team did Chris Basham play for between Jul 2014 and Dec 2014?

/wiki/Chris_Basham#P54#3

Chris Basham Christopher Paul Basham ( born 30 May 1988 ) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or centre back for club Sheffield United . Having started as a junior with Newcastle United , he played for Bolton Wanderers , as well as having loan spells at Stafford Rangers and Rochdale , prior to joining Blackpool in August 2010 . Career . Bolton Wanderers . Basham was a member of the youth team at Newcastle United before being released at age sixteen . Soon after , he joined Bolton Wanderers , where he signed his first professional contract with the club , signing a two-year deal . In November 2006 Basham joined Conference National side Stafford Rangers on a months loan , making his debut on 25 November in a 2–2 home draw with St Albans City . After four appearances for Rangers , Basham returned to Bolton when his loan deal expired . On 7 February 2008 , Basham joined League Two side Rochdale on loan until the end of the 2007–08 season . Making his debut on 12 February 2008 in a 4–2 home defeat to Hereford United , Basham went on to make a total of 13 appearances for his temporary employers , helping Rochdale to finish fifth in the league and qualify for the League Two play-offs . The following season saw Basham make his senior debut for Bolton Wanderers as an 89th-minute substitute in the 4–1 win over Sunderland at the Stadium of Light on 29 November 2008 . He scored his first goal on 11 April 2009 , in a 4–3 defeat to Chelsea at Stamford Bridge , and eventually made a total of eleven appearances that season . The following season saw Basham making his first appearance came on 29 August 2009 , where he came on as a substitute in the second half , in a 3–2 loss against Liverpool , followed up by assisting a winning goal for Gary Cahill , in a 3–2 win over Portsmouth on 12 September 2009 . On 6 November 2009 , and after 17 appearances for the club , Basham signed a contract extension with Bolton until the summer of 2012 . Remaining on the fringes of the first-team Basham made a total of eight league and two cup appearances in the 2009–10 season before an injury kept him out for the rest of the season . Blackpool . On 6 August 2010 , Bolton Wanderers turned down a bid from newly promoted Premier League side Blackpool . Eventually , Blackpool made a second bid for Basham , which was accepted by the club and the next day , on 13 August 2010 , Basham signed a three-year contract with Blackpool for a fee reported to be in the region of £1million . The following day after signing for the club , Basham made his debut as a 60th-minute substitute for Marlon Harewood as Blackpool marked their Premier League debut on the opening day of the 2010–11 season with a 4–0 win over Wigan Athletic at the DW Stadium . It wasnt until on 10 November 2010 when he made his second appearance against Aston Villa , making his first start and played the whole game , in a 3–2 loss . However , Basham spent the most of the season on the reserve bench or injured and at the end of the season , the club were relegated to the Championship . After appearing two matches at the start of the 2011–12 season , Basham suffered an injury that kept him out for a month and expected to be loaned out once he returned from injury . However , Basham was recalled to the first team once he recovered following the clubs injury crisis and then on 10 December 2011 , Basham scored his first goal for Blackpool , heading the first equaliser of a 2–2 away draw at Southampton . His second goal for the club then came on 21 January 2012 , in a 2–1 win over Crystal Palace . Despite missing out for the rest of the season , he made 21 appearance and scoring two times in all competitions . In the 2012–13 season , Basham appeared in and out of the first team at the start of the season , due to being on the sidelined and played in the reserve . By the time he suffered ankle injury in early-December , he made seven appearance . After returning from injury , Basham then scored his first Blackpool on 29 December 2012 , in a 4–2 loss against Middlesbrough . As the 2012–13 season progressed , Basham remained in the first team despite suffering from injuries during a match against Leicester City that kept him out for a month and went on to finish the 2012–13 season , making 28 appearance and scoring once in all competitions . Following this , Blackpool opted to take up their option of a contract extension , keeping Basham under contract until summer 2014 . In the 2013–14 season , Basham began to establish himself in the first team and started well , helping the club go unbeaten for the first six matches to the start of the season , including scoring his first goal of the season , in a 1–1 draw against Middlesbrough on 17 August 2013 . After appearing four matches throughout September , including scoring another against Leicester City , Bashams performance earned him Wonga.com Player of the Month award for September . Despite missing out on two occasions , due to injury and suspension , Basham continued to be in the first team throughout the season and went on to make 42 appearances in all competitions . At the end of the 2013–14 season , Basham was offered a new contract by the club . Sheffield United . On 5 June 2014 , Basham signed a three-year deal with Sheffield United on a free transfer after his contract with Blackpool came to an end . Upon joining the club , Basham was given number six shirt for the new season . Basham made his Sheffield United , making his first start and played 86 minutes before being substituted , in a 2–1 loss against Bristol City in the opening game of the season . Since making his debut , Basham became a first team regular at the club and was praised by Manager Nigel Clough , playing most of the season in midfield or centre-back positions . However , as the 2014–15 season progressed , he continued to be in the first team despite facing suspension and injury . In the play-offs , Basham played both legs against Swindon Town and scored in the second leg , in a 5–5 draw but unsuccessful , having previously lost 2–1 against them in the first leg . Despite this , he finished his first season , making 50 appearances ( 20 league ) in all competitions . In the 2015–16 season , Basham continued to be in the first team regular at the club following the arrival of Manager Nigel Adkins and then played his first match as captain against Doncaster Rovers on 26 September 2015 , scoring his first goal of the season , in a 3–1 win . Throughout the 2015–16 season , Basham went on to captain on five occasions following Jay McEveleys absence . Bashams second goal of the season came on 28 November 2015 , in a 1–1 draw against Barnsley . Basham also scored two more goals later in the season against Colchester United and Walsall . Despite missing out two league matches , due to injuries . and Basham made 49 ( 44 league ) appearances and scoring four times in all competitions . In the 2016–17 season , Basham continued to be in the first team regular at the club following the arrival of Manager Chris Wilder and played in the midfield position . Basham then scored his first goal of the season , but was later sent-off in the second half , in a 2–2 draw against Scunthorpe United on 24 September 2016 . After serving a three match suspension , Basham returned to the first team , on 18 October 2016 , making his first start from suspension , in a 3–0 win against Shrewsbury Town , followed up by scoring in the next game , in a 3–3 draw against Bradford City . Two weeks later , on 6 November 2016 , Basham scored and set up one of the goals , in a 6–0 win over Leyton Orient in the first round of the FA Cup . Due to his impressive performance at the club , Manager Wilder hinted that Basham could be earning a new contract , with a year to his contract left . As the 2016–17 season progressed , Basham began to play in the defense , as a centre-back , partnering with either Jack OConnell , Ethan Ebanks-Landell and Jake Wright . Around the same time , Basham played in the midfield position , with Paul Coutts . Then , in a 3–0 win over Port Vale on 14 April 2017 , Basham produced an impressive display when he set up two goals . At the end of the 2016–17 season , which saw Sheffield United promoted to Championship after six seasons in League One , Basham went on to make 48 appearances and scoring two times in all competitions . In July 2017 , Basham penned a new two-year contract with the Blades having played a key role in Uniteds title winning promotion from League One . On 28 April 2019 , Basham saw his second promotion in three seasons with United as the Blades were promoted to the Premier League . On 1 August 2020 , Basham signed a new two-year deal at Sheffield United . Basham won the Player of the year award and Players player of the year award for the 2019–20 season . Personal life . Basham was born in Hebburn , Tyne and Wear . He studied at Gateshead College and trained with their Academy for Sport . He grew up supporting Sunderland . Basham considers Alan Cork as a great influence and is indebted to Cork for guiding him throughout his professional football career . Having two years away from football , after leaving Newcastle United at sixteen , Basham worked at McDonalds . In late 2014 , Basham became a father . Honours . Sheffield United - EFL League One : 2016–17 - EFL Championship runner-up : 2018–19 Individual - Sheffield United Player of the Year Award : 2019-20 - Sheffield United Players Player of the Year Award : 2019-20 External links . - Profile at the Sheffield United F.C . website

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J. Howard McGrath took which position between Dec 1933 and Dec 1933?

/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath#P39#0

J . Howard McGrath James Howard McGrath ( November 28 , 1903September 2 , 1966 ) was an American politician and attorney from the U.S . state of Rhode Island . McGrath , a Democrat , served as U.S . Attorney for Rhode Island before becoming governor , U.S . Solicitor General , U.S . Senator , chairman of the Democratic National Committee , and Attorney General of the United States . Early life . Born in Woonsocket , Rhode Island . McGrath was the son of James J . McGrath and the former Ida E . May . He graduated from the La Salle Academy in 1922 , attended Providence College , and went to the Boston University Law School in 1929 . McGrath married Estelle A . Cadorette on November 28 , 1929 ; they adopted a son . From 1930 to 1934 , he was the city solicitor of Central Falls , Rhode Island . During this time he was also interested in the real estate , insurance , and banking industries . He served as United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 1934 to 1940 . Governor of Rhode Island . From 1941 to 1945 , McGrath was Governor of Rhode Island , reorganizing the juvenile court system while sponsoring a workers compensation fund and a labor relations board , but he resigned in the middle of his third term to accept appointment as Solicitor General of the United States ( 1945–1946 ) . As governor , McGrath presided over a limited-purpose state constitutional convention in 1944 . McGrath was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate from Rhode Island in 1946 to join a Congress ( the Eightieth , 1947 to 1949 ) , where the opposition Republican Party had just replaced Democratic majorities in both houses . ( See United States elections , 1946. ) He was briefly chairman of the U.S . Senate Committee on the District of Columbia for the 81st Congress ( to which the 1948 election had returned Democratic majorities ) . In the Senate , McGrath opposed reducing wartime economic controls and taxes , wishing to spend the latter instead on Social Security , national health insurance , and education . Chairman of Democratic National Committee . He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1947 to 1949 . In managing President Harry Trumans successful 1948 election campaign , McGrath alienated white Southerners but won over crucial black constituencies by integrating the Democratic national headquarters staff . Attorney General . Truman appointed McGrath Attorney General of the United States on August 24 , 1949 . After McGrath had refused to co-operate in a corruption investigation initiated by his own department . Truman asked for and received McGraths resignation on April 3 , 1952 . Alternative accounts have contradictorily suggested that after a meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at Trumans Little White House in Key West , the Secretary of the Navy , along with other members , had threatened to resign if they , too , were forced to comply with Special Assistant Attorney General Newbold Morriss request for the personal records of all members who might have received gifts under the scope of the corruption investigation . Under pressure to follow through with the Justice Department corruption investigation , along with the threats of resignation , McGrath agreed that Morriss request was asking too much and that the best thing to do was to clean up the department from that point forward and leave the past alone . Truman had been backed into a corner , and the only way out was to ask for McGraths resignation . That account was corroborated by a letter from Truman to McGrath , which hung in the hallway of McGraths summer home in Narragansett , Rhode Island up to the time of his death in 1966 . McGrath entered the private practice of law in Washington , D.C . and Providence . In 1960 , he was an unsuccessful candidate to succeed the retiring U.S . Sen . Theodore Francis Green ( Democrat of Rhode Island ) , losing the Democratic primary ( also contested by former governor Dennis J . Roberts ) to Claiborne Pell . McGrath died of a heart attack in Narragansett , Rhode Island on September 2 , 1966 , at the age of 62 . His body was buried at the St . Francis Cemetery in Pawtucket , Rhode Island . There is a bust of Senator McGrath outside the House chamber in the Rhode Island State House . References . - J . Howard McGrath , Ex-Attorney General , Dies . New York Times . September 3 , 1966 . - Levieros , Anthony . Upsets Come Fast ; Resignation of McGrath Follows Quickly His Ousting of Morris . New York Times . April 4 , 1952 . - Marcus , Maeva . Truman and the Steel Seizure Case : The Limits of Presidential Power . New York : Columbia University Press , 1977 . - Wests Encycylopedia of American Law provides more details than the other sources , especially about McGraths early life , his commitment to civil rights and the financial scandals that touched him . External links . - Biographical Directory of the United States Congress - National Governors Association

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J. Howard McGrath took which position in May 1938?

/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath#P39#1

J . Howard McGrath James Howard McGrath ( November 28 , 1903September 2 , 1966 ) was an American politician and attorney from the U.S . state of Rhode Island . McGrath , a Democrat , served as U.S . Attorney for Rhode Island before becoming governor , U.S . Solicitor General , U.S . Senator , chairman of the Democratic National Committee , and Attorney General of the United States . Early life . Born in Woonsocket , Rhode Island . McGrath was the son of James J . McGrath and the former Ida E . May . He graduated from the La Salle Academy in 1922 , attended Providence College , and went to the Boston University Law School in 1929 . McGrath married Estelle A . Cadorette on November 28 , 1929 ; they adopted a son . From 1930 to 1934 , he was the city solicitor of Central Falls , Rhode Island . During this time he was also interested in the real estate , insurance , and banking industries . He served as United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 1934 to 1940 . Governor of Rhode Island . From 1941 to 1945 , McGrath was Governor of Rhode Island , reorganizing the juvenile court system while sponsoring a workers compensation fund and a labor relations board , but he resigned in the middle of his third term to accept appointment as Solicitor General of the United States ( 1945–1946 ) . As governor , McGrath presided over a limited-purpose state constitutional convention in 1944 . McGrath was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate from Rhode Island in 1946 to join a Congress ( the Eightieth , 1947 to 1949 ) , where the opposition Republican Party had just replaced Democratic majorities in both houses . ( See United States elections , 1946. ) He was briefly chairman of the U.S . Senate Committee on the District of Columbia for the 81st Congress ( to which the 1948 election had returned Democratic majorities ) . In the Senate , McGrath opposed reducing wartime economic controls and taxes , wishing to spend the latter instead on Social Security , national health insurance , and education . Chairman of Democratic National Committee . He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1947 to 1949 . In managing President Harry Trumans successful 1948 election campaign , McGrath alienated white Southerners but won over crucial black constituencies by integrating the Democratic national headquarters staff . Attorney General . Truman appointed McGrath Attorney General of the United States on August 24 , 1949 . After McGrath had refused to co-operate in a corruption investigation initiated by his own department . Truman asked for and received McGraths resignation on April 3 , 1952 . Alternative accounts have contradictorily suggested that after a meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at Trumans Little White House in Key West , the Secretary of the Navy , along with other members , had threatened to resign if they , too , were forced to comply with Special Assistant Attorney General Newbold Morriss request for the personal records of all members who might have received gifts under the scope of the corruption investigation . Under pressure to follow through with the Justice Department corruption investigation , along with the threats of resignation , McGrath agreed that Morriss request was asking too much and that the best thing to do was to clean up the department from that point forward and leave the past alone . Truman had been backed into a corner , and the only way out was to ask for McGraths resignation . That account was corroborated by a letter from Truman to McGrath , which hung in the hallway of McGraths summer home in Narragansett , Rhode Island up to the time of his death in 1966 . McGrath entered the private practice of law in Washington , D.C . and Providence . In 1960 , he was an unsuccessful candidate to succeed the retiring U.S . Sen . Theodore Francis Green ( Democrat of Rhode Island ) , losing the Democratic primary ( also contested by former governor Dennis J . Roberts ) to Claiborne Pell . McGrath died of a heart attack in Narragansett , Rhode Island on September 2 , 1966 , at the age of 62 . His body was buried at the St . Francis Cemetery in Pawtucket , Rhode Island . There is a bust of Senator McGrath outside the House chamber in the Rhode Island State House . References . - J . Howard McGrath , Ex-Attorney General , Dies . New York Times . September 3 , 1966 . - Levieros , Anthony . Upsets Come Fast ; Resignation of McGrath Follows Quickly His Ousting of Morris . New York Times . April 4 , 1952 . - Marcus , Maeva . Truman and the Steel Seizure Case : The Limits of Presidential Power . New York : Columbia University Press , 1977 . - Wests Encycylopedia of American Law provides more details than the other sources , especially about McGraths early life , his commitment to civil rights and the financial scandals that touched him . External links . - Biographical Directory of the United States Congress - National Governors Association

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J. Howard McGrath took which position between Feb 1942 and Jul 1942?

/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath#P39#2

J . Howard McGrath James Howard McGrath ( November 28 , 1903September 2 , 1966 ) was an American politician and attorney from the U.S . state of Rhode Island . McGrath , a Democrat , served as U.S . Attorney for Rhode Island before becoming governor , U.S . Solicitor General , U.S . Senator , chairman of the Democratic National Committee , and Attorney General of the United States . Early life . Born in Woonsocket , Rhode Island . McGrath was the son of James J . McGrath and the former Ida E . May . He graduated from the La Salle Academy in 1922 , attended Providence College , and went to the Boston University Law School in 1929 . McGrath married Estelle A . Cadorette on November 28 , 1929 ; they adopted a son . From 1930 to 1934 , he was the city solicitor of Central Falls , Rhode Island . During this time he was also interested in the real estate , insurance , and banking industries . He served as United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 1934 to 1940 . Governor of Rhode Island . From 1941 to 1945 , McGrath was Governor of Rhode Island , reorganizing the juvenile court system while sponsoring a workers compensation fund and a labor relations board , but he resigned in the middle of his third term to accept appointment as Solicitor General of the United States ( 1945–1946 ) . As governor , McGrath presided over a limited-purpose state constitutional convention in 1944 . McGrath was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate from Rhode Island in 1946 to join a Congress ( the Eightieth , 1947 to 1949 ) , where the opposition Republican Party had just replaced Democratic majorities in both houses . ( See United States elections , 1946. ) He was briefly chairman of the U.S . Senate Committee on the District of Columbia for the 81st Congress ( to which the 1948 election had returned Democratic majorities ) . In the Senate , McGrath opposed reducing wartime economic controls and taxes , wishing to spend the latter instead on Social Security , national health insurance , and education . Chairman of Democratic National Committee . He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1947 to 1949 . In managing President Harry Trumans successful 1948 election campaign , McGrath alienated white Southerners but won over crucial black constituencies by integrating the Democratic national headquarters staff . Attorney General . Truman appointed McGrath Attorney General of the United States on August 24 , 1949 . After McGrath had refused to co-operate in a corruption investigation initiated by his own department . Truman asked for and received McGraths resignation on April 3 , 1952 . Alternative accounts have contradictorily suggested that after a meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at Trumans Little White House in Key West , the Secretary of the Navy , along with other members , had threatened to resign if they , too , were forced to comply with Special Assistant Attorney General Newbold Morriss request for the personal records of all members who might have received gifts under the scope of the corruption investigation . Under pressure to follow through with the Justice Department corruption investigation , along with the threats of resignation , McGrath agreed that Morriss request was asking too much and that the best thing to do was to clean up the department from that point forward and leave the past alone . Truman had been backed into a corner , and the only way out was to ask for McGraths resignation . That account was corroborated by a letter from Truman to McGrath , which hung in the hallway of McGraths summer home in Narragansett , Rhode Island up to the time of his death in 1966 . McGrath entered the private practice of law in Washington , D.C . and Providence . In 1960 , he was an unsuccessful candidate to succeed the retiring U.S . Sen . Theodore Francis Green ( Democrat of Rhode Island ) , losing the Democratic primary ( also contested by former governor Dennis J . Roberts ) to Claiborne Pell . McGrath died of a heart attack in Narragansett , Rhode Island on September 2 , 1966 , at the age of 62 . His body was buried at the St . Francis Cemetery in Pawtucket , Rhode Island . There is a bust of Senator McGrath outside the House chamber in the Rhode Island State House . References . - J . Howard McGrath , Ex-Attorney General , Dies . New York Times . September 3 , 1966 . - Levieros , Anthony . Upsets Come Fast ; Resignation of McGrath Follows Quickly His Ousting of Morris . New York Times . April 4 , 1952 . - Marcus , Maeva . Truman and the Steel Seizure Case : The Limits of Presidential Power . New York : Columbia University Press , 1977 . - Wests Encycylopedia of American Law provides more details than the other sources , especially about McGraths early life , his commitment to civil rights and the financial scandals that touched him . External links . - Biographical Directory of the United States Congress - National Governors Association

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J. Howard McGrath took which position in Apr 1945?

/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath#P39#3

J . Howard McGrath James Howard McGrath ( November 28 , 1903September 2 , 1966 ) was an American politician and attorney from the U.S . state of Rhode Island . McGrath , a Democrat , served as U.S . Attorney for Rhode Island before becoming governor , U.S . Solicitor General , U.S . Senator , chairman of the Democratic National Committee , and Attorney General of the United States . Early life . Born in Woonsocket , Rhode Island . McGrath was the son of James J . McGrath and the former Ida E . May . He graduated from the La Salle Academy in 1922 , attended Providence College , and went to the Boston University Law School in 1929 . McGrath married Estelle A . Cadorette on November 28 , 1929 ; they adopted a son . From 1930 to 1934 , he was the city solicitor of Central Falls , Rhode Island . During this time he was also interested in the real estate , insurance , and banking industries . He served as United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 1934 to 1940 . Governor of Rhode Island . From 1941 to 1945 , McGrath was Governor of Rhode Island , reorganizing the juvenile court system while sponsoring a workers compensation fund and a labor relations board , but he resigned in the middle of his third term to accept appointment as Solicitor General of the United States ( 1945–1946 ) . As governor , McGrath presided over a limited-purpose state constitutional convention in 1944 . McGrath was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate from Rhode Island in 1946 to join a Congress ( the Eightieth , 1947 to 1949 ) , where the opposition Republican Party had just replaced Democratic majorities in both houses . ( See United States elections , 1946. ) He was briefly chairman of the U.S . Senate Committee on the District of Columbia for the 81st Congress ( to which the 1948 election had returned Democratic majorities ) . In the Senate , McGrath opposed reducing wartime economic controls and taxes , wishing to spend the latter instead on Social Security , national health insurance , and education . Chairman of Democratic National Committee . He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1947 to 1949 . In managing President Harry Trumans successful 1948 election campaign , McGrath alienated white Southerners but won over crucial black constituencies by integrating the Democratic national headquarters staff . Attorney General . Truman appointed McGrath Attorney General of the United States on August 24 , 1949 . After McGrath had refused to co-operate in a corruption investigation initiated by his own department . Truman asked for and received McGraths resignation on April 3 , 1952 . Alternative accounts have contradictorily suggested that after a meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at Trumans Little White House in Key West , the Secretary of the Navy , along with other members , had threatened to resign if they , too , were forced to comply with Special Assistant Attorney General Newbold Morriss request for the personal records of all members who might have received gifts under the scope of the corruption investigation . Under pressure to follow through with the Justice Department corruption investigation , along with the threats of resignation , McGrath agreed that Morriss request was asking too much and that the best thing to do was to clean up the department from that point forward and leave the past alone . Truman had been backed into a corner , and the only way out was to ask for McGraths resignation . That account was corroborated by a letter from Truman to McGrath , which hung in the hallway of McGraths summer home in Narragansett , Rhode Island up to the time of his death in 1966 . McGrath entered the private practice of law in Washington , D.C . and Providence . In 1960 , he was an unsuccessful candidate to succeed the retiring U.S . Sen . Theodore Francis Green ( Democrat of Rhode Island ) , losing the Democratic primary ( also contested by former governor Dennis J . Roberts ) to Claiborne Pell . McGrath died of a heart attack in Narragansett , Rhode Island on September 2 , 1966 , at the age of 62 . His body was buried at the St . Francis Cemetery in Pawtucket , Rhode Island . There is a bust of Senator McGrath outside the House chamber in the Rhode Island State House . References . - J . Howard McGrath , Ex-Attorney General , Dies . New York Times . September 3 , 1966 . - Levieros , Anthony . Upsets Come Fast ; Resignation of McGrath Follows Quickly His Ousting of Morris . New York Times . April 4 , 1952 . - Marcus , Maeva . Truman and the Steel Seizure Case : The Limits of Presidential Power . New York : Columbia University Press , 1977 . - Wests Encycylopedia of American Law provides more details than the other sources , especially about McGraths early life , his commitment to civil rights and the financial scandals that touched him . External links . - Biographical Directory of the United States Congress - National Governors Association

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J. Howard McGrath took which position in 1947?

/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath#P39#4

J . Howard McGrath James Howard McGrath ( November 28 , 1903September 2 , 1966 ) was an American politician and attorney from the U.S . state of Rhode Island . McGrath , a Democrat , served as U.S . Attorney for Rhode Island before becoming governor , U.S . Solicitor General , U.S . Senator , chairman of the Democratic National Committee , and Attorney General of the United States . Early life . Born in Woonsocket , Rhode Island . McGrath was the son of James J . McGrath and the former Ida E . May . He graduated from the La Salle Academy in 1922 , attended Providence College , and went to the Boston University Law School in 1929 . McGrath married Estelle A . Cadorette on November 28 , 1929 ; they adopted a son . From 1930 to 1934 , he was the city solicitor of Central Falls , Rhode Island . During this time he was also interested in the real estate , insurance , and banking industries . He served as United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 1934 to 1940 . Governor of Rhode Island . From 1941 to 1945 , McGrath was Governor of Rhode Island , reorganizing the juvenile court system while sponsoring a workers compensation fund and a labor relations board , but he resigned in the middle of his third term to accept appointment as Solicitor General of the United States ( 1945–1946 ) . As governor , McGrath presided over a limited-purpose state constitutional convention in 1944 . McGrath was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate from Rhode Island in 1946 to join a Congress ( the Eightieth , 1947 to 1949 ) , where the opposition Republican Party had just replaced Democratic majorities in both houses . ( See United States elections , 1946. ) He was briefly chairman of the U.S . Senate Committee on the District of Columbia for the 81st Congress ( to which the 1948 election had returned Democratic majorities ) . In the Senate , McGrath opposed reducing wartime economic controls and taxes , wishing to spend the latter instead on Social Security , national health insurance , and education . Chairman of Democratic National Committee . He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1947 to 1949 . In managing President Harry Trumans successful 1948 election campaign , McGrath alienated white Southerners but won over crucial black constituencies by integrating the Democratic national headquarters staff . Attorney General . Truman appointed McGrath Attorney General of the United States on August 24 , 1949 . After McGrath had refused to co-operate in a corruption investigation initiated by his own department . Truman asked for and received McGraths resignation on April 3 , 1952 . Alternative accounts have contradictorily suggested that after a meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at Trumans Little White House in Key West , the Secretary of the Navy , along with other members , had threatened to resign if they , too , were forced to comply with Special Assistant Attorney General Newbold Morriss request for the personal records of all members who might have received gifts under the scope of the corruption investigation . Under pressure to follow through with the Justice Department corruption investigation , along with the threats of resignation , McGrath agreed that Morriss request was asking too much and that the best thing to do was to clean up the department from that point forward and leave the past alone . Truman had been backed into a corner , and the only way out was to ask for McGraths resignation . That account was corroborated by a letter from Truman to McGrath , which hung in the hallway of McGraths summer home in Narragansett , Rhode Island up to the time of his death in 1966 . McGrath entered the private practice of law in Washington , D.C . and Providence . In 1960 , he was an unsuccessful candidate to succeed the retiring U.S . Sen . Theodore Francis Green ( Democrat of Rhode Island ) , losing the Democratic primary ( also contested by former governor Dennis J . Roberts ) to Claiborne Pell . McGrath died of a heart attack in Narragansett , Rhode Island on September 2 , 1966 , at the age of 62 . His body was buried at the St . Francis Cemetery in Pawtucket , Rhode Island . There is a bust of Senator McGrath outside the House chamber in the Rhode Island State House . References . - J . Howard McGrath , Ex-Attorney General , Dies . New York Times . September 3 , 1966 . - Levieros , Anthony . Upsets Come Fast ; Resignation of McGrath Follows Quickly His Ousting of Morris . New York Times . April 4 , 1952 . - Marcus , Maeva . Truman and the Steel Seizure Case : The Limits of Presidential Power . New York : Columbia University Press , 1977 . - Wests Encycylopedia of American Law provides more details than the other sources , especially about McGraths early life , his commitment to civil rights and the financial scandals that touched him . External links . - Biographical Directory of the United States Congress - National Governors Association

hard

J. Howard McGrath took which position between Jun 1947 and Jun 1948?

/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath#P39#5

J . Howard McGrath James Howard McGrath ( November 28 , 1903September 2 , 1966 ) was an American politician and attorney from the U.S . state of Rhode Island . McGrath , a Democrat , served as U.S . Attorney for Rhode Island before becoming governor , U.S . Solicitor General , U.S . Senator , chairman of the Democratic National Committee , and Attorney General of the United States . Early life . Born in Woonsocket , Rhode Island . McGrath was the son of James J . McGrath and the former Ida E . May . He graduated from the La Salle Academy in 1922 , attended Providence College , and went to the Boston University Law School in 1929 . McGrath married Estelle A . Cadorette on November 28 , 1929 ; they adopted a son . From 1930 to 1934 , he was the city solicitor of Central Falls , Rhode Island . During this time he was also interested in the real estate , insurance , and banking industries . He served as United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 1934 to 1940 . Governor of Rhode Island . From 1941 to 1945 , McGrath was Governor of Rhode Island , reorganizing the juvenile court system while sponsoring a workers compensation fund and a labor relations board , but he resigned in the middle of his third term to accept appointment as Solicitor General of the United States ( 1945–1946 ) . As governor , McGrath presided over a limited-purpose state constitutional convention in 1944 . McGrath was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate from Rhode Island in 1946 to join a Congress ( the Eightieth , 1947 to 1949 ) , where the opposition Republican Party had just replaced Democratic majorities in both houses . ( See United States elections , 1946. ) He was briefly chairman of the U.S . Senate Committee on the District of Columbia for the 81st Congress ( to which the 1948 election had returned Democratic majorities ) . In the Senate , McGrath opposed reducing wartime economic controls and taxes , wishing to spend the latter instead on Social Security , national health insurance , and education . Chairman of Democratic National Committee . He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1947 to 1949 . In managing President Harry Trumans successful 1948 election campaign , McGrath alienated white Southerners but won over crucial black constituencies by integrating the Democratic national headquarters staff . Attorney General . Truman appointed McGrath Attorney General of the United States on August 24 , 1949 . After McGrath had refused to co-operate in a corruption investigation initiated by his own department . Truman asked for and received McGraths resignation on April 3 , 1952 . Alternative accounts have contradictorily suggested that after a meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at Trumans Little White House in Key West , the Secretary of the Navy , along with other members , had threatened to resign if they , too , were forced to comply with Special Assistant Attorney General Newbold Morriss request for the personal records of all members who might have received gifts under the scope of the corruption investigation . Under pressure to follow through with the Justice Department corruption investigation , along with the threats of resignation , McGrath agreed that Morriss request was asking too much and that the best thing to do was to clean up the department from that point forward and leave the past alone . Truman had been backed into a corner , and the only way out was to ask for McGraths resignation . That account was corroborated by a letter from Truman to McGrath , which hung in the hallway of McGraths summer home in Narragansett , Rhode Island up to the time of his death in 1966 . McGrath entered the private practice of law in Washington , D.C . and Providence . In 1960 , he was an unsuccessful candidate to succeed the retiring U.S . Sen . Theodore Francis Green ( Democrat of Rhode Island ) , losing the Democratic primary ( also contested by former governor Dennis J . Roberts ) to Claiborne Pell . McGrath died of a heart attack in Narragansett , Rhode Island on September 2 , 1966 , at the age of 62 . His body was buried at the St . Francis Cemetery in Pawtucket , Rhode Island . There is a bust of Senator McGrath outside the House chamber in the Rhode Island State House . References . - J . Howard McGrath , Ex-Attorney General , Dies . New York Times . September 3 , 1966 . - Levieros , Anthony . Upsets Come Fast ; Resignation of McGrath Follows Quickly His Ousting of Morris . New York Times . April 4 , 1952 . - Marcus , Maeva . Truman and the Steel Seizure Case : The Limits of Presidential Power . New York : Columbia University Press , 1977 . - Wests Encycylopedia of American Law provides more details than the other sources , especially about McGraths early life , his commitment to civil rights and the financial scandals that touched him . External links . - Biographical Directory of the United States Congress - National Governors Association

hard

J. Howard McGrath took which position in 1949?

/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath#P39#6

J . Howard McGrath James Howard McGrath ( November 28 , 1903September 2 , 1966 ) was an American politician and attorney from the U.S . state of Rhode Island . McGrath , a Democrat , served as U.S . Attorney for Rhode Island before becoming governor , U.S . Solicitor General , U.S . Senator , chairman of the Democratic National Committee , and Attorney General of the United States . Early life . Born in Woonsocket , Rhode Island . McGrath was the son of James J . McGrath and the former Ida E . May . He graduated from the La Salle Academy in 1922 , attended Providence College , and went to the Boston University Law School in 1929 . McGrath married Estelle A . Cadorette on November 28 , 1929 ; they adopted a son . From 1930 to 1934 , he was the city solicitor of Central Falls , Rhode Island . During this time he was also interested in the real estate , insurance , and banking industries . He served as United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 1934 to 1940 . Governor of Rhode Island . From 1941 to 1945 , McGrath was Governor of Rhode Island , reorganizing the juvenile court system while sponsoring a workers compensation fund and a labor relations board , but he resigned in the middle of his third term to accept appointment as Solicitor General of the United States ( 1945–1946 ) . As governor , McGrath presided over a limited-purpose state constitutional convention in 1944 . McGrath was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate from Rhode Island in 1946 to join a Congress ( the Eightieth , 1947 to 1949 ) , where the opposition Republican Party had just replaced Democratic majorities in both houses . ( See United States elections , 1946. ) He was briefly chairman of the U.S . Senate Committee on the District of Columbia for the 81st Congress ( to which the 1948 election had returned Democratic majorities ) . In the Senate , McGrath opposed reducing wartime economic controls and taxes , wishing to spend the latter instead on Social Security , national health insurance , and education . Chairman of Democratic National Committee . He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1947 to 1949 . In managing President Harry Trumans successful 1948 election campaign , McGrath alienated white Southerners but won over crucial black constituencies by integrating the Democratic national headquarters staff . Attorney General . Truman appointed McGrath Attorney General of the United States on August 24 , 1949 . After McGrath had refused to co-operate in a corruption investigation initiated by his own department . Truman asked for and received McGraths resignation on April 3 , 1952 . Alternative accounts have contradictorily suggested that after a meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at Trumans Little White House in Key West , the Secretary of the Navy , along with other members , had threatened to resign if they , too , were forced to comply with Special Assistant Attorney General Newbold Morriss request for the personal records of all members who might have received gifts under the scope of the corruption investigation . Under pressure to follow through with the Justice Department corruption investigation , along with the threats of resignation , McGrath agreed that Morriss request was asking too much and that the best thing to do was to clean up the department from that point forward and leave the past alone . Truman had been backed into a corner , and the only way out was to ask for McGraths resignation . That account was corroborated by a letter from Truman to McGrath , which hung in the hallway of McGraths summer home in Narragansett , Rhode Island up to the time of his death in 1966 . McGrath entered the private practice of law in Washington , D.C . and Providence . In 1960 , he was an unsuccessful candidate to succeed the retiring U.S . Sen . Theodore Francis Green ( Democrat of Rhode Island ) , losing the Democratic primary ( also contested by former governor Dennis J . Roberts ) to Claiborne Pell . McGrath died of a heart attack in Narragansett , Rhode Island on September 2 , 1966 , at the age of 62 . His body was buried at the St . Francis Cemetery in Pawtucket , Rhode Island . There is a bust of Senator McGrath outside the House chamber in the Rhode Island State House . References . - J . Howard McGrath , Ex-Attorney General , Dies . New York Times . September 3 , 1966 . - Levieros , Anthony . Upsets Come Fast ; Resignation of McGrath Follows Quickly His Ousting of Morris . New York Times . April 4 , 1952 . - Marcus , Maeva . Truman and the Steel Seizure Case : The Limits of Presidential Power . New York : Columbia University Press , 1977 . - Wests Encycylopedia of American Law provides more details than the other sources , especially about McGraths early life , his commitment to civil rights and the financial scandals that touched him . External links . - Biographical Directory of the United States Congress - National Governors Association

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J. Howard McGrath took which position between Oct 1951 and Jan 1952?

/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath#P39#7

J . Howard McGrath James Howard McGrath ( November 28 , 1903September 2 , 1966 ) was an American politician and attorney from the U.S . state of Rhode Island . McGrath , a Democrat , served as U.S . Attorney for Rhode Island before becoming governor , U.S . Solicitor General , U.S . Senator , chairman of the Democratic National Committee , and Attorney General of the United States . Early life . Born in Woonsocket , Rhode Island . McGrath was the son of James J . McGrath and the former Ida E . May . He graduated from the La Salle Academy in 1922 , attended Providence College , and went to the Boston University Law School in 1929 . McGrath married Estelle A . Cadorette on November 28 , 1929 ; they adopted a son . From 1930 to 1934 , he was the city solicitor of Central Falls , Rhode Island . During this time he was also interested in the real estate , insurance , and banking industries . He served as United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 1934 to 1940 . Governor of Rhode Island . From 1941 to 1945 , McGrath was Governor of Rhode Island , reorganizing the juvenile court system while sponsoring a workers compensation fund and a labor relations board , but he resigned in the middle of his third term to accept appointment as Solicitor General of the United States ( 1945–1946 ) . As governor , McGrath presided over a limited-purpose state constitutional convention in 1944 . McGrath was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate from Rhode Island in 1946 to join a Congress ( the Eightieth , 1947 to 1949 ) , where the opposition Republican Party had just replaced Democratic majorities in both houses . ( See United States elections , 1946. ) He was briefly chairman of the U.S . Senate Committee on the District of Columbia for the 81st Congress ( to which the 1948 election had returned Democratic majorities ) . In the Senate , McGrath opposed reducing wartime economic controls and taxes , wishing to spend the latter instead on Social Security , national health insurance , and education . Chairman of Democratic National Committee . He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1947 to 1949 . In managing President Harry Trumans successful 1948 election campaign , McGrath alienated white Southerners but won over crucial black constituencies by integrating the Democratic national headquarters staff . Attorney General . Truman appointed McGrath Attorney General of the United States on August 24 , 1949 . After McGrath had refused to co-operate in a corruption investigation initiated by his own department . Truman asked for and received McGraths resignation on April 3 , 1952 . Alternative accounts have contradictorily suggested that after a meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff at Trumans Little White House in Key West , the Secretary of the Navy , along with other members , had threatened to resign if they , too , were forced to comply with Special Assistant Attorney General Newbold Morriss request for the personal records of all members who might have received gifts under the scope of the corruption investigation . Under pressure to follow through with the Justice Department corruption investigation , along with the threats of resignation , McGrath agreed that Morriss request was asking too much and that the best thing to do was to clean up the department from that point forward and leave the past alone . Truman had been backed into a corner , and the only way out was to ask for McGraths resignation . That account was corroborated by a letter from Truman to McGrath , which hung in the hallway of McGraths summer home in Narragansett , Rhode Island up to the time of his death in 1966 . McGrath entered the private practice of law in Washington , D.C . and Providence . In 1960 , he was an unsuccessful candidate to succeed the retiring U.S . Sen . Theodore Francis Green ( Democrat of Rhode Island ) , losing the Democratic primary ( also contested by former governor Dennis J . Roberts ) to Claiborne Pell . McGrath died of a heart attack in Narragansett , Rhode Island on September 2 , 1966 , at the age of 62 . His body was buried at the St . Francis Cemetery in Pawtucket , Rhode Island . There is a bust of Senator McGrath outside the House chamber in the Rhode Island State House . References . - J . Howard McGrath , Ex-Attorney General , Dies . New York Times . September 3 , 1966 . - Levieros , Anthony . Upsets Come Fast ; Resignation of McGrath Follows Quickly His Ousting of Morris . New York Times . April 4 , 1952 . - Marcus , Maeva . Truman and the Steel Seizure Case : The Limits of Presidential Power . New York : Columbia University Press , 1977 . - Wests Encycylopedia of American Law provides more details than the other sources , especially about McGraths early life , his commitment to civil rights and the financial scandals that touched him . External links . - Biographical Directory of the United States Congress - National Governors Association

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Norisbank became a member of what organization or association in Oct 2006?

/wiki/Norisbank#P463#0

Norisbank The Norisbank GmbH is a German bank with headquarters in Bonn . Since 2 November 2006 , it has been a subsidiary of Deutsche Bank and since 27 July 2012 purely a direct bank . History . The roots of Norisbank date back to the year 1954 . Starting that year , the mail-order company Quelle offered to finance its products via the Noris purchase aid . On 4 June 1965 , the Noris Kreditbank GmbH was founded in Nuremberg . The business objective was to expand the financing of the entire supply of Quelle and its subsidiaries in the mail order and in the stationary sector . In the year 1969 the Noris purchase aid changed its name to Noris Bank GmbH . The name change was accompanied by an expansion of the product range to include banking services such as checking and savings accounts . In 1984 , the Norisbank GmbH merged with the Hamburg Verbraucherbank GmbH . The reason for the takeover of the previously independent Verbraucherbank GmbH was the acquisition of the first German customer self-service system . The Verbraucherbank had introduced the customer self-service in 1975 as the first financial institution in Germany , 1977 one of the first ATMs worldwide followed as well as the first online banking offer in Germany in 1980 . The Noris Verbraucherbank GmbH was part of the Quelle Group until the end of 1997 and was sold to Bayerische Vereinsbank on 19 June 1997 . It merged the Noris Verbraucherbank GmbH with the Franken WKV Bank GmbH ( founded in 1950 ) . In January 1999 , the Hypo Service Bank ( HSB ) , founded in 1991 , was integrated into Norisbank AG . In 2000 , Norisbank AG was the first bank on the Internet to offer loans with an online instant pledge . After uncertainties in 2002 , when the HypoVereinsbank was considering integrating the Norisbank into its own branch network , it was decided in December 2002 to sell the Norisbank . On 1 October 2003 , DZ Bank became the new owner of Norisbank AG for a purchase price of EUR 180 million . On August 3 , 2006 , the DZ Bank sold the 98 branches and the brand name Norisbank for 420 million Euros to the Deutsche Bank , which also took over the customer base . The Norisbank AG based in Nuremberg then renamed to Teambank AG Nuremberg , while the sold branches were continued by the newly founded Norisbank GmbH based in Frankfurt am Main . Corporate Development . In July 2005 , the Norisbank AG entered a new business field : the sale of its consumer credit easy credit , which was completely detached from other banking services , via installment credit stores in city centers , shopping malls and arterial roads in the city . Over the years , this market strategy has attracted 500,000 new customers . However , not all credit customers could be won as regular customers . In August 2006 , the bank had around 650,000 customers . In the course of the sale to the Deutsche Bank some services were limited : Thus , the number of self-service terminals in the branches was reduced , there were no online foreign transfers possible and the cash counter no longer accepted coins . On January 1 , 2008 , the classic counter traffic was completely ended . Since then , the branches have only been advisory offices with self-service zones . By the sale of Norisbank to the Deutsche Bank Group the Norisbank resigned from the ATM network CashPool on October 31 , 2006 and returned to the Cash Group . Because of its former affiliation with Hypovereinsbank , the Norisbank was already a member of the Cash Group until 2003 . The new business model saw itself as a direct bank with branches . In the 90 branches , customers were able to receive advice on issues such as investments and pension plans . Despite the advice in the branch , branch customers received the same conditions as through direct sales . On 1 October 2008 , the headquarter was moved to Berlin . As part of the restructuring , all branches were closed on 27 July 2012 and the Norisbank converted into a direct bank . Since then , banking transactions have been conducted by customers primarily via the Internet , via telephone banking and via the self-service terminals in Deutsche Banks branches . The 400 former branch employees were transferred without notice to Postbank , also a subsidiary of Deutsche Bank . Today , the Norisbank employs around fifty people ( mainly in management ) , and a large part of its banking services are provided by other employees within the Deutsche Bank Group . Since December 2014 , Bonn is the seat of the Norisbank . External links . - Official Website

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Norisbank became a member of what organization or association in 1?

/wiki/Norisbank#P463#1

Norisbank The Norisbank GmbH is a German bank with headquarters in Bonn . Since 2 November 2006 , it has been a subsidiary of Deutsche Bank and since 27 July 2012 purely a direct bank . History . The roots of Norisbank date back to the year 1954 . Starting that year , the mail-order company Quelle offered to finance its products via the Noris purchase aid . On 4 June 1965 , the Noris Kreditbank GmbH was founded in Nuremberg . The business objective was to expand the financing of the entire supply of Quelle and its subsidiaries in the mail order and in the stationary sector . In the year 1969 the Noris purchase aid changed its name to Noris Bank GmbH . The name change was accompanied by an expansion of the product range to include banking services such as checking and savings accounts . In 1984 , the Norisbank GmbH merged with the Hamburg Verbraucherbank GmbH . The reason for the takeover of the previously independent Verbraucherbank GmbH was the acquisition of the first German customer self-service system . The Verbraucherbank had introduced the customer self-service in 1975 as the first financial institution in Germany , 1977 one of the first ATMs worldwide followed as well as the first online banking offer in Germany in 1980 . The Noris Verbraucherbank GmbH was part of the Quelle Group until the end of 1997 and was sold to Bayerische Vereinsbank on 19 June 1997 . It merged the Noris Verbraucherbank GmbH with the Franken WKV Bank GmbH ( founded in 1950 ) . In January 1999 , the Hypo Service Bank ( HSB ) , founded in 1991 , was integrated into Norisbank AG . In 2000 , Norisbank AG was the first bank on the Internet to offer loans with an online instant pledge . After uncertainties in 2002 , when the HypoVereinsbank was considering integrating the Norisbank into its own branch network , it was decided in December 2002 to sell the Norisbank . On 1 October 2003 , DZ Bank became the new owner of Norisbank AG for a purchase price of EUR 180 million . On August 3 , 2006 , the DZ Bank sold the 98 branches and the brand name Norisbank for 420 million Euros to the Deutsche Bank , which also took over the customer base . The Norisbank AG based in Nuremberg then renamed to Teambank AG Nuremberg , while the sold branches were continued by the newly founded Norisbank GmbH based in Frankfurt am Main . Corporate Development . In July 2005 , the Norisbank AG entered a new business field : the sale of its consumer credit easy credit , which was completely detached from other banking services , via installment credit stores in city centers , shopping malls and arterial roads in the city . Over the years , this market strategy has attracted 500,000 new customers . However , not all credit customers could be won as regular customers . In August 2006 , the bank had around 650,000 customers . In the course of the sale to the Deutsche Bank some services were limited : Thus , the number of self-service terminals in the branches was reduced , there were no online foreign transfers possible and the cash counter no longer accepted coins . On January 1 , 2008 , the classic counter traffic was completely ended . Since then , the branches have only been advisory offices with self-service zones . By the sale of Norisbank to the Deutsche Bank Group the Norisbank resigned from the ATM network CashPool on October 31 , 2006 and returned to the Cash Group . Because of its former affiliation with Hypovereinsbank , the Norisbank was already a member of the Cash Group until 2003 . The new business model saw itself as a direct bank with branches . In the 90 branches , customers were able to receive advice on issues such as investments and pension plans . Despite the advice in the branch , branch customers received the same conditions as through direct sales . On 1 October 2008 , the headquarter was moved to Berlin . As part of the restructuring , all branches were closed on 27 July 2012 and the Norisbank converted into a direct bank . Since then , banking transactions have been conducted by customers primarily via the Internet , via telephone banking and via the self-service terminals in Deutsche Banks branches . The 400 former branch employees were transferred without notice to Postbank , also a subsidiary of Deutsche Bank . Today , the Norisbank employs around fifty people ( mainly in management ) , and a large part of its banking services are provided by other employees within the Deutsche Bank Group . Since December 2014 , Bonn is the seat of the Norisbank . External links . - Official Website