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The Chimney Sweepers Act 1875 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that superseded the Chimney Sweepers and Chimneys Regulation Act 1840 passed to try to stop child labour. The Bills proposed by Lord Shaftesbury, triggered by the death of twelve-year-old George Brewster whose master had caused him to climb and clean the chimney at Fulbourn Hospital. The Chimney Sweepers Act 1875 was repealed for England and Wales by section 1(1) of the Chimney Sweepers Acts (Repeal) Act 1938 (1 & 2 Geo 6 c 58). The 1840 Act prohibited any person under 21 being compelled or knowingly allowed to ascend or descend a chimney or flue for sweeping, cleaning or coring. This Act ensured all chimney-sweeps would be registered with the police, and that official supervision of their work would take place. The provisions of all previous acts would now take place. Further reading "The Chimney Sweepers Act 1875". Halsbury's Statutes. (The Complete Statutes of England). First Edition. Butterworth & Co (Publishers) Limited. 1930. Volume 13. Pages 784 et seq. See also pages 479 and 870. "Chimney Sweepers Act 1875". Education in England. (Derek Gillard). References Notes Bibliography United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1875 United Kingdom labour law Child labour law 1875 in labor relations Chimney sweeps

Hugo Casey (1940 – 17 June 2017) was an Irish Gaelic footballer who played for the Cork Championship club Macroom and at inter-county level with the Cork senior football team. He usually lined out at corner-forward Career Casey joined the Macroom senior team in 1958 and ended the season with a Cork SFC title after a defeat of Avondhu in the final. Macroom was beaten by St. Finbarr's in the 1959 final, with Casey later suffering injury and dropping down to the Macroom junior team the following year. In 1962, with Casey as captain, Macroom won a second Cork SFC title in four seasons after a defeat Muskerry. He first appeared on the inter-county scene during an unsuccessful two-year tenure with the Cork GAA minor football team. After an impressive performance for the Cork junior football team in 1959, Casey was immediately drafted onto the senior team that was beaten by Kerry in the Munster final. He was also on the Cork team which suffered a shock defeat to Waterford in the 1960 semi-final before leaving the team. Casey returned to the inter-county scene in 1964 as corner-forward on the Cork junior team that beat London in the All-Ireland final. Personal life and death Casey was born and raised in Macroom, County Cork, before later living in Shanakiel in Cork. He worked at J. W. Green & Co for many years. He died at the Bon Secours Hospital on 17 June 2017, aged 77. Honours Macroom Cork Senior Football Championship: 1958, 1962 (c) Cork All-Ireland Junior Football Championship: 1964 Munster Junior Football Championship: 1964 References 1940 births 2017 deaths Macroom Gaelic footballers Cork inter-county Gaelic footballers

Campobello may refer to: Campobello, South Carolina Campobello di Mazara, Sicily, Italy Campobello di Licata, Sicily, Italy Campobello Island, New Brunswick People with the surname Gloria Campobello (1911–1968), Mexican ballet dancer and choreographer Nellie Campobello (1900–1986), Mexican writer, ballet dancer and choreographer See also Roosevelt Campobello International Park Sunrise at Campobello Italian-language surnames

The Criterion Collection, Inc. (or simply Criterion) is an American home-video distribution company that focuses on licensing, restoring and distributing "important classic and contemporary films". Criterion serves film and media scholars, cinephiles and public and academic libraries. Criterion has helped to standardize certain aspects of home-video releases such as film restoration, the letterboxing format for widescreen films and the inclusion of bonus features such as scholarly essays and commentary tracks. Criterion has produced and distributed more than 1,000 special editions of its films in VHS, Betamax, LaserDisc, DVD, Blu-ray and Ultra HD Blu-ray formats and box sets. These films and their special features are also available via The Criterion Channel, an online streaming service that the company operates. The Criterion Collection is considered a leading boutique Blu-ray label. History The company was founded in 1984 by Robert Stein, Aleen Stein and Joe Medjuck, who later were joined by Roger Smith. In 1985, the Steins, William Becker and Jonathan B. Turell founded the Voyager Company to publish educational multimedia CD-ROMs (1989–2000), and the Criterion Collection became a subordinate division of the Voyager Company, with Janus Films holding a minority stake in the company, and decided to expand its product on videocassettes and videodiscs. In March 1994, Verlagsgruppe Georg von Holtzbrinck GmbH bought 20% of Voyager for US$6.7 million; the four founders each retained a 20% owner's share. In 1997, the Voyager Company was dissolved (Aleen Stein founded the Organa LLC CD-ROM publishing company), and Holtzbrinck Publishers sold the Voyager brand name, 42 CD-ROM titles, the Voyager web site and associated assets to Learn Technologies Interactive, LLC (LTI). Stein sold 42 Voyager titles to LTI from his Voyager/Criterion company share. The remaining three partners, Aleen Stein, Becker and Turell owned the Criterion Collection company, which has a business partnership with Janus Films and had one with Home Vision Entertainment (HVE) until 2005, when Image Entertainment bought HVE. On November 4, 2013, it was announced that Sony Pictures Home Entertainment would handle distribution. Home Vision Entertainment In 1986, Charles Benton founded Home Vision Entertainment (HVE), the home-video division of Public Media Inc. (PMI), which he had previously founded in 1968. The HVE company sold, advertised, marketed and distributed Criterion Collection DVDs, and also sold its own HVE brand of DVDs (co-produced with Criterion), including The Merchant Ivory Collection and the Classic Collection, a joint venture between Home Vision Entertainment and Janus Films. The latter enterprise published HVE imprint films, for which Janus Films owned the video rights, but which were unavailable from the Criterion Collection; however, Criterion published the Classic Collection films. In 2005, Image Entertainment bought HVE making it the exclusive distributor of Criterion Collection products until 2013. Online ventures and marketing The Criterion Collection began to provide video-on-demand (VOD) in partnership with Mubi (formerly The Auteurs) in 2008. In February 2011, Criterion began switching its VOD offerings exclusively to Hulu Plus. In November 2016, FilmStruck, a film streaming service from Turner Classic Movies, succeeded Hulu as the exclusive streaming service for the Criterion Collection. Some Criterion films were streamed by Kanopy. On October 26, 2018, Warner Bros. Digital Networks and Turner announced that FilmStruck would shut down on November 29. Criterion stated in a blog post that it was "trying to find ways we can bring our library and original content back to the digital space as soon as possible". On November 16, 2018, Criterion announced the launch of the Criterion Channel as a standalone service, wholly owned and operated by the Criterion Collection, in the United States and Canada. Some of the VOD service's offerings are also available through HBO Max (which later shortened the name into just Max in May 23, 2023), WarnerMedia/Warner Bros. Discovery's streaming platform . British film magazine Sight & Sound revealed in its April 2016 issue that Criterion would be expanding its releases to the United Kingdom. The first six titles were released on April 18, 2016. Contributions and influence The Criterion Collection video company pioneered the correct aspect-ratio letterboxing presentation of films, as well as commentary soundtracks, multi-disc sets, special editions and definitive versions. These ideas and the special features introduced by the Criterion Collection have been highly influential, and have become industry-wide standards for premium home video releases. Letterboxing With its eighth LaserDisc release, Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956), Criterion introduced the letterbox format, which added black bars to the top and bottom of the 4:3 standard television set in order to preserve the original aspect ratio of the film. Thereafter, Criterion made letterboxing the standard presentation for all its releases of films shot in widescreen aspect ratios. Commentary soundtracks The Criterion Collection's second catalog title, King Kong (1933), was the debut of the scene-specific audio commentary contained in a separate analog channel of the LaserDisc, in which American film historian Ronald Haver spoke about the production, cast, screenplay, production design and special effects. He also provides commentary on the LaserDisc editions of Casablanca (1942), Here Comes Mr. Jordan (1941), Singin' in the Rain (1952) and The Wizard of Oz (1939). Typically, the chapter-indexed commentaries are exclusive to the Criterion releases and their initial DVD reissues; they became collectors' items when the original studios reissued titles previously licensed to Criterion, regardless of whether new commentary tracks were produced. Special editions The Criterion Collection began in 1984 with the releases of Citizen Kane (1941) and King Kong (1933) on LaserDisc, the latter's source negatives courtesy of the Library of Congress. The company later became known for pioneering the "special edition" DVD concept containing bonus materials such as trailers, commentaries, documentaries, alternate endings and deleted scenes. The success of these releases established the special-edition version in the DVD business. In 2006, taking advantage of advanced film-transfer and film-restoration technologies, Criterion published higher-quality versions, with bonus materials, of early catalog titles such as Amarcord (1973), Brazil (1985) and Seven Samurai (1954). Film restoration Originally, Criterion released art, genre and mainstream movies on LaserDisc such as Halloween (1978), Ghostbusters (1984), Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992), Armageddon (1998) and The Rock (1996). Increasingly, the Criterion Collection has also focused on releasing world cinema, mainstream cinema classics and critically successful obscure films. Using the best available source materials, the company produced technologically improved and cleaner versions, such as those for The Passion of Joan of Arc (1928), M (1931), Children of Paradise (1945), The Third Man (1949), Seven Samurai (1954) and Amarcord (1973). Almost every title contains film-cleaning and film-restoration essays in the booklets, while some even have featurettes comparing the restored and unrestored images. Licenses Some previously licensed Criterion Collection titles, such as The Harder They Come (1972), are now commercially unavailable as new product, and are only available in resale (used) form. Titles such as RoboCop (1987), Hard Boiled (1992), The Killer (1989) and Ran (1985) became unavailable when their publishing licenses expired or when Criterion published improved versions, such as those for Beauty and the Beast (1946), M (1931), The Wages of Fear (1953) and Seven Samurai (1954). As of September 2018, 188 of the 954 titles (19%) from the list of Criterion Collection LaserDisc releases have been re-released. Another example is the film Charade (1963), which had become a public-domain property for lacking the legally-required copyright notice. Criterion produced a restored edition under license from Universal Pictures for the initial edition and for the later anamorphic widescreen re-release edition of the film. Periodically, Criterion releases material on DVD and Blu-ray disc licensed from the studios with whom the company had previously dealt (such as Universal's and Terry Gilliam's 1985 film Brazil); these new releases are generally undertaken on a case-by-case basis. Criterion released its first Walt Disney Pictures title, Andrew Stanton's WALL-E, in 2022. This was not the result of an ongoing deal between Disney and Criterion, but rather licensed as a one-off, with Stanton approaching Criterion and "wanting to be part of the club". Formats LaserDisc, VHS, Betamax and DVD The Criterion Collection began publishing LaserDiscs on December 1, 1984, with its release of Citizen Kane, until March 16, 1999, with Michael Bay's Armageddon. Three of the company's early titles (spines #003–005) were also issued on VHS and Betamax. These were Criterion's only releases on those formats. Criterion entered the DVD market in 1998, beginning with Seven Samurai, spine number 2 (Grand Illusion, spine number 1, was delayed for a year while restoration was underway on a then-newly-found camera negative.) As with its laserdiscs, Criterion's early DVD editions of widescreen films were presented in the letterbox format, but Criterion did not anamorphically enhance its discs for 16:9 monitors until mid-1999 with its release of Insomnia (1997), catalog number 47. Criterion was slow to expand into high-definition releases, partly because of the HD format wars between Blu-ray and HD DVD. Once Blu-ray had emerged as the industry-standard high-definition home-video format, Criterion began to release Blu-ray editions of select films from its collection, beginning with the Blu-ray release of Wong Kar-wai's Chungking Express (#453; currently out of print) on December 16, 2008. In late 2013, Criterion announced that with the November release of the Zatoichi boxset (spine #679), all future releases would be in dual format (DVD and Blu-ray packaged together) rather than as individual releases. This decision also applied to most upgrade re-releases introduced after November 2013. After customer feedback revealed some reluctance to this approach, All That Jazz (#724) became the last chronological spine number released as a dual-format edition, and the decision was reversed to release separate discs for titles beginning in September 2014. Despite the emergence of Blu-ray as the industry-standard high-definition format, Janus/Criterion continues to support the DVD format. Not only are all their new Blu-ray releases accompanied by a standard-definition DVD version, but revised and upgraded releases are also released on both formats (barring the brief foray into dual-format releases). Moreover, the company's standalone line of Eclipse releases are currently only made available in the standard DVD format. Aside from the core catalog, the company has also released films through its Essential Art House, Eclipse and Merchant Ivory Collection lines, as well as a few releases outside of any product line. Many of these releases have also been collected and sold in various box sets. In April 2016 for the first time in its history, Criterion announced it would begin releasing its catalogue outside of the U.S. (earlier international Criterion titles such as the Japanese LaserDisc of Blade Runner were licensed to other companies). In partnership with Sony Pictures Home Entertainment, releases began to be distributed with the launch of six titles in the U.K. during the month. Blu-ray Criterion began publishing titles on Blu-ray Disc in December 2008. Unlike its DVD releases, which are a mixture of NTSC-standard Region 0 (region-free) and Region 1 DVDs, Criterion Collection Blu-ray discs are Region A-locked in North America or Region B-locked in the United Kingdom (though there are exceptions). Ultra HD Blu-ray On August 11, 2021, Criterion announced that it would begin publishing titles in Ultra HD Blu-ray format in November 2021. All Criterion Ultra HD Blu-ray releases will include both an Ultra HD Blu-ray copy and a regular Blu-ray copy of a film (with all the special features on the regular Blu-ray), with select releases including Dolby Vision HDR and Dolby Atmos. The first such releases were announced on August 16 for a November 21 release: Citizen Kane (returning to the collection for the first time since 1992), Mulholland Drive and Menace II Society. The company also plans to release The Red Shoes, A Hard Day’s Night and The Piano on Ultra HD Blu-ray disc. The film Uncut Gems, which was previously planned for Blu-ray and DVD release in October 2021, was delayed until November in order to also give the film an Ultra HD Blu-ray release. Eclipse Eclipse is a line started in 2007 separate from the Criterion Collection. It is described by Criterion as "a selection of lost, forgotten, or overshadowed classics in simple, affordable editions". Streaming as The Criterion Channel After forays in providing titles from the Collection as streaming video-on-demand (VOD) in partnership with other companies – Mubi (formerly The Auteurs, 2008), Hulu Plus (2011-2016) and TCM's FilmStruck (2016-2018) – Criterion titles found themselves without an online home when FilmStruck announced it would be shutting down on November 29, 2018. The company stated in a blog post that it was "trying to find ways we can bring our library and original content back to the digital space as soon as possible". A month later, Criterion announced their own standalone subscription service, The Criterion Channel available to subscribers in the United States and Canada. The service began on April 8, 2019. The Channel's offerings include rotating playlists, temporarily licensed films (and some television offerings) from a variety of studios and rights holders alongside streaming editions of Criterion Collection releases replete with special features. The Channel also hosts some original content, including academic overviews and curated introductions as well as featuring some Janus-owned titles that have yet to be released on physical media. Criterion maintains a close relationship with HBO Max (which later shortened the name into just Max in May 23, 2023), WarnerMedia/Warner Bros. Discovery's streaming platform, which frequently also houses Criterion-released titles. References External links Criterion DVD Collection at NPR Criterion titles on Netflix Instant Watch at MUBI The Cult of the Criterion Collection on YouTube Home video lines Home video companies of the United States DVD companies of the United States LaserDisc Entertainment companies established in 1984 Privately held companies based in New York City Film preservation

This is a list of films produced by the Ollywood film industry based in Bhubaneshwar and Cuttack in 1991: A-Z References 1991 Ollywood Ollywood 1990s in Orissa 1991 in Indian cinema

Gmina Grębków is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Węgrów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grębków, which lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-west of Węgrów and 61 km (38 mi) east of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,629 (4,553 in 2013). Villages Gmina Grębków contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Chojeczno-Cesarze, Chojeczno-Sybilaki, Gałki, Grębków, Grodzisk, Jabłonna, Kolonia Sinołęka, Kopcie, Kózki, Leśnogóra, Nowa Sucha, Nowa Trzcianka, Ogródek, Oszczerze, Pobratymy, Podsusze, Polków-Daćbogi, Polków-Sagały, Proszew A, Proszew B, Słuchocin, Stara Sucha, Stara Trzcianka, Stawiska, Suchodół, Trzebucza, Żarnówka and Ziomaki. Neighbouring gminas Gmina Grębków is bordered by the gminas of Kałuszyn, Kotuń, Liw, Mokobody and Wierzbno. References Polish official population figures 2006 Grebkow Węgrów County

Miss Earth Ecuador 2018 is the 2nd edition of Miss Earth Ecuador pageant. The election night was held September 29, 2018 in Cuenca where Lessie Giler from Manabí crowned Diana Valdivieso from Manabí as well. The winner represented Ecuador at Miss Earth 2018 pageant. Results Placements Special awards Contestants Notes Debutss Chimborazo Orellana Tungurahua Withdrawals Esmeraldas Replacements Tungurahua - María Emilia Alvarado Arellano Did not compete Pichincha - Pía Chiriboga Crossovers Jocelyn Mieles competed at Miss Ecuador 2017 where she was 1st Runner-up. Also, she competed at Miss International 2017 where she placed into the Top 8. References External links Official Miss Ecuador website 2018 beauty pageants Beauty pageants in Ecuador Miss Earth

Topister Nafula Situma (born 9 October 1992) is a Kenyan footballer who plays as a forward for Tanzanian club Simba Queens and the Kenya women's national team. International career Situma capped for Kenya at senior level during the 2020 Turkish Women's Cup. See also List of Kenya women's international footballers References External links Living people People from Bungoma County Kenyan women's footballers Women's association football forwards Kenya women's international footballers 1992 births

The 1947–48 Norwich Cadets men's ice hockey season was the 14th season of play for the program but first under the oversight of the NCAA. The Cadets represented Norwich University and were coached by Gerard Derosier in his 1st season. Season Norwich entered the season with an ambitious 12-game schedule and a new head coach to lead the team. Boston University grad, Gerard Derosier took over the club and was looking to provide a bit of permanence for a program that had been playing off and on for the past 40 years. The biggest trouble early on was getting ice time as the Cadets still were relying on an outdoor rink. Fortunately, the weather consented to allowing the surface on Sabine Field to freeze in time for the opening match with Vermont. However, A lack of practice time led to the Cadets getting shutout despite inspired play from team captain Sterling Melendy. The team was able to get in a significant amount of practice time over the next three weeks as they played just 2 more games in January. While Norwich lost both matched, the team was trending upwards and were finally able to get into the win column in the rematch with Vermont. The team took control of the game early and stayed ahead, eventually building a 7–2 lead. Vermont had a furious attempt to tie the game late but the Cadets were able to hold off their opponents for the victory. After a second win, the team travelled south for a swing through Boston. The trip could have hardly started worse with a 6–18 defeat to Northeastern. While the two subsequent games were much closer, Norwich lost both matches and had no chance of making the conference postseason. Despite the futility of their situation, the team rallied once they got back home and reeled off four straight wins to bright themselves up to an even record. Though they were still well out of the NEIHL playoffs, the Cadets had a chance at a winning record if they could take down Colgate. The Red Raiders were one of the top teams that season but that didn't deter Norwich. The Cadets found themselves down 5–2 early in the third period before attempting to stage a comeback. Norwich scored three goals in the third, unfortunately the Red Raiders were able to slip one more past Switzer to escape with a win. Roster Standings Schedule and results |- !colspan=12 style=";" | Regular Season † Vermont fielded a club team at this time Note: Some accounts have Norwich with a record of 7–7 for 1948, however, contemporary accounts have the team finishing on March 5 with a 6–7 record. References Norwich Cadets men's ice hockey seasons Norwich Norwich Norwich

The 2016 Dresden Cup was a summer football friendly tournament organized by German club Dynamo Dresden and Match IQ. It was hosted at the Stadion Dresden in Dresden, from 29 to 30 July 2016. Besides the hosts, three other European teams took part: Everton (England), Real Betis (Spain), and Werder Bremen (Germany). Betis' participation was also a part of their LFP World Challenge campaign. Overview Participants Standings Each team played two matches, with three points awarded for a win and zero points for a defeat. There were no draws as the game will go to penalties if the game ends in a draw after 90 mins. Also, each goal contributed a point to the team, regardless of whether the team won or lost. Matches Goalscorers Media coverage References External links German football friendly trophies Sport in Dresden 2016–17 in German football Dresden Cup

Wicked! is the third studio album by German band Scooter, released in 1996. It contains two singles, "I'm Raving", and "Break It Up". Track listing All tracks written by H.P. Baxxter, Rick J. Jordan, Jens Thele, and Ferris Bueller, except "I'm Raving" written by Marc Cohn; and "Don't Let It Be Me" and "Break It Up" written by Nosie Katzmann. "Wicked Introduction" – 1:44 "I'm Raving"– 3:28 "We Take You Higher" – 4:22 "Awakening" – 4:26 "When I Was a Young Boy" – 3:58 "Coldwater Canyon" – 5:16 "Scooter Del Mar" – 4:58 "Zebras Crossing the Street" – 4:58 "Don't Let It Be Me" – 3:59 "The First Time" – 5:25 "Break It Up" – 3:39 Notes "Wicked Introduction" is the tune of "Scotland the Brave". The next song, "I'm Raving", features samples of the same song, and also "Walking in Memphis" by Marc Cohn. "When I Was a Young Boy" is based on The Loop!'s remix of the 1995 single "Babylon" by Prince Ital Joe Feat. Marky Mark. The Loop! was a remix project composed of H.P. Baxxter, Rick J. Jordan and Ferris Bueller. Charts References 1996 albums Scooter (band) albums Edel AG albums

Malik Naeem Khan Awan was a Pakistani politician belonging to an Awan tribe of Khushab District in north-eastern Punjab, Pakistan. He served as Federal Minister for Commerce and Provincial Minister for Irrigation. He was a member of the National Assembly representing the NA-69 constituency from 1985 to 1996. Awan was a member of the Muslim League Nawaz. Career In the 7th Assembly elections 1985 - 88, held on 20/3/85. Malik Naeem Khan won having votes 51,914 and his opponent Malik Karam Bakhsh Awan gaining votes 38,604.In the 8th Assembly Elections 1988–90, held on 30/11/88. Malik Naeem Khan Awan( Islami Jamhoori Ittehad) won with a majority votes of 81,522 and his opponent Mian Muhammad Sultan Awan of Pakistan people Party 47,906 got 2nd in the elections leaving other Independent Candidates behind.In the 9th National Assembly Elections 1990–93, held on 3/11/90. Malik Naeem Khan Awan (Islami Jamhoori Ittehad) won again with a majority votes having 84,908 and his opponent Malik Muhammad Bashir Awan Independent Candidate got 61,804 votes. In the 10th National Assembly Elections 1993–96, held on 15/10/93. Malik Naeem Khan Awan ( Pakistan Muslim League-N) won 81,565 votes against Malik Muhammad Bashir Awan( Pakistan Peoples Party) and Qari Amman Ullah (Islami Jamhoori Ittehad) having votes 67,693 and 1,313 respectively.It is clear from the previous records that whichever party is, Malik Naeem Khan Awan won with  a great majority. It is the love for Malik Naeem Khan Awan from the people of District Khushab.He was very popular among the people. He was a statesman. He felt happy amongst people. He concerned for his people and worked for their well-being. He called politics "welfare of people". And that was the only reason for him to be in politics. He was son of Brigadier (R) Malik Sawal Awan and his Brother Malik Saleem Khan Awan was a two star Army General.Malik Naeem Khan Awan died on 11 December 2017. Punjab Chief Minister expressed deep sense of sorrow and grief over his death. His nephew and his successor in politics Malik Umer Aslam Awan became MNA From Constituency NA69 in February 1997 but lost in series 2002, 2008, 2013 versus Sumaira Malik and bi-Election 2013 against her son Malik Uzair Awan as she was disqualified by the Election Commission on basis of fake degree but afterwards allegations were removed and she participated in 2018 General Elections and lost. Malik Umer Aslam Awan won the election of 2018 from the ticket of PTI NA-93 in District Khushab. He has the same aim of welfare of the people. Despite losing three times in a row, he didn't lose hope and won with a majority this time.He has done many welfare projects in the Khushab since 2018. References Pakistan Muslim League (N) politicians People from Khushab District Politicians from Punjab, Pakistan 1951 births 2017 deaths

The list of ship decommissionings in 1998 includes a chronological list of all ships decommissioned in 1998. See also 1998 Ship decommissionings Ship

Gowyjeh Qomlaq or Guyjeh Qamalaq (), also rendered as Gowjeh Qamalaq, may refer to: Gowyjeh Qomlaq, Hashtrud Guyjeh Qamalaq, Maragheh

Joy Lim Arthur (December 2, 1935 – July 9, 2015) was an Electronic Engineer at the United States Army Research Laboratory. In 1966 she was the first woman to graduate with a Master's in engineering from the New Mexico State University. She was the first woman engineer to work for the White Sands Missile Range, and was a Senior Research Engineer for United States Army from 1958 to 2005. Early life and education Arthur was born in Manila. Her only brother died in childhood, which was a cause of great distress to her father Venacio Lim. He focussed all of his ambitions on his younger daughter, educating her as if she were his son. She moved to the United States and studied electrical engineering at Purdue University, earning her bachelor's degree in engineering in 1956. At Purdue University, Arthur was one of two women in her 165-person engineering class. She returned to Manila after graduating, hoping to obtain her father's blessing to marry an American engineer. Her father was concerned she would be seen as a pom pom girl, and Arthur returned to America as a technical scientist. She went on to become the first woman to earn a Master's degree at New Mexico State University in 1996. She supported the Society of Women Engineers in establishing a chapter at New Mexico State University. Career In 1958 Arthur became the first woman engineer to work at White Sands Missile Range. She transferred to the United States Army Research Laboratory in 1962, where she began to protect the United States Army in their vulnerabilities to electronic warfare. She concentrated on increasing the number of soldiers who survived on the battlefield and improving the resilience of the United States Army to various threats. Arthur also designed protective sensors that could be used to protect the human eye from frequency-agile laser threats. She developed technologies that could jam signals, including a multi-spectral jammer that could detonate inert gases. In 1975 she was the only woman to win a United States Army Research Laboratory R&D Achievement Award. She won the award for her contributions to electronic warfare, particularly for studying unconventional and conventional chaff. She described the materials required for more effective chaff. She was inducted into the White Sands Missile Range Hall of Fame in 2005. Arthur died on July 9, 2015, following a long struggle with Parkinson's disease. Arthur and her husband, Paul Arthur have established a scholarship for American women engineers at New Mexico State University. Arthur had two children, Gregory Venancio Arthur and Lia Frieda Brodnax. Awards 1974 Certificate of Merit from the Association of Old Crows 1974 Samuel Stiber Award for Technical Excellence in Electronic Warfare 1975 U.S. Army Research and Development Achievement Award 1996 NMSU Distinguished Engineering Alumnus 2005 White Sands Missile Range Hall of Fame References Filipino emigrants to the United States American women engineers Filipino women scientists New Mexico State University alumni Purdue University College of Engineering alumni 1935 births 2015 deaths 20th-century American engineers American electrical engineers 20th-century women engineers 20th-century American women scientists 21st-century American women scientists

Emtmannsberg is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Upper Franconia in Bavaria, Germany. The Ölschnitz river begins near Emtmannsberg-Unterölschnitz at the confluence of the Laimbach and Bieberswöhrbach. References Bayreuth (district)

Joseph Fitzgerald Hamilton (born March 13, 1977) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in three different leagues. He played college football for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets, earning All-American honors and winning several national awards. After his playing career ended, Hamilton became an administrator and coach. He has served as the running backs coach for Georgia State University and currently works in the recruiting department for his alma mater, Georgia Tech. College career Hamilton accepted an athletic scholarship to attend Georgia Tech, where he played for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team from 1996 to 1999. He set Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) career records for total offense (10,640 yards), touchdown passes (65) and total touchdowns (83). As a senior in 1999, he was recognized as a consensus first-team All-American, won the Davey O'Brien Award, and was a finalist for the Heisman Trophy, finishing as the runner-up in the Heisman voting behind Wisconsin running back Ron Dayne. In 2002, he was named as one of the fifty members of the ACC 50th Anniversary Football Team. Hamilton was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 2014. Professional career Due to his lack of prototypical height for an NFL quarterback (standing just 5'10"/1.78 m), he fell to the 7th round of the 2000 NFL Draft before being drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. In three years with the Buccaneers he only played four downs in a single regular-season game. In 2002, the Buccaneers allocated Hamilton to NFL Europe, where he led the Frankfurt Galaxy to 5-2 record in 2002 before suffering a torn ACL. He spent the entire 2002 NFL season on injured reserve and was released by the Buccaneers at the end of the season. He received a Super Bowl ring following the Buccaneers' victory in Super Bowl XXXVII. He signed with the Arena Football League's Orlando Predators in 2004 and guided the team to a 9-5 record and the playoffs, despite suffering another knee injury and missing two and a half games. He was then signed by the Indianapolis Colts in 2004, reuniting with former Buccaneers coach Tony Dungy, but only saw limited action in one game before being released during the season. He returned to the Orlando Predators where he was the starting quarterback through the 2006 season. He has a 32-15 record as the Predators' starter and led them to ArenaBowl XX in 2006, losing 69-61 to the Chicago Rush. With a win, Hamilton would have become the first player in history to own both a Super Bowl and ArenaBowl ring. In the 2006 off-season, he was released by the Orlando Predators. Post-playing career He returned to school, and received his degree in History, Technology, and Society in August 2007. " In 2008, following an arrest for a hit and run, DUI, open container and marijuana possession, Joe Hamilton resigned as a Georgia Tech assistant coach—less than two weeks after he was hired. In 2010, he resurrected his coaching career when he became a recruiting intern at Georgia State, which had launched its Georgia State Panthers football team that year. In June 2011, he joined the Panthers' full-time staff as running backs coach. On May 7, 2013, exactly 5 years after submitting his resignation, Hamilton was re-hired by Georgia Tech to provide assistance with recruiting for the Yellow Jackets football team. Currently, Hamilton is the co-host of The Locker Room, a morning sports radio program on WCNN in Atlanta and he is the color analyst for Georgia Tech football radio broadcasts Collegiate awards and honors 1996 – Four ACC Rookie of the Week Awards, Runner-up ACC Rookie of the Year 1997 – Two ACC Offensive Back of the Week Awards, Georgia Tech MVP for the Year, MVP of 1997 Carquest Bowl vs West Virginia 1998 – One ACC Offensive Back of the Week Award, 1st Team All-ACC Quarterback, Co-MVP of 1999 Gator Bowl against Notre Dame, led the team to ending 7 year losing streak to the Georgia 1999 – Davey O'Brien Award winner, Runner-up to the 1999 Heisman Trophy, 1st Team All-America Quarterback, 1st Team All-ACC Quarterback, Three ACC Offensive Back of the Week Awards, defeated University of Georgia 51-48 for second straight year in wild overtime victory 2000 – Anthony J. McKelvin Award, ACC Male Athlete of the Year 2002 – ACC 50th Anniversary Football Team 2005 – ACC Football Legends - Inaugural Class 2007 – Received degree from Georgia Tech in History, Technology and Society 2014 – Inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame See also List of Arena Football League and National Football League players List of Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets starting quarterbacks Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football statistical leaders References External links Georgia State profile Georgia Tech profile 1977 births Living people African-American coaches of American football All-American college football players American football quarterbacks College Football Hall of Fame inductees Frankfurt Galaxy players Georgia State Panthers football coaches Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football players Indianapolis Colts players Orlando Predators players People from Berkeley County, South Carolina Tampa Bay Buccaneers players 21st-century African-American sportspeople 20th-century African-American sportspeople

The U is a 2009 documentary film about the University of Miami football program produced by Miami-based media studio Rakontur and directed by Billy Corben. The film premiered December 12, 2009 after the Heisman Trophy presentation on ESPN as a part of their 30 for 30 documentary series. The U's premiere drew 2.3 million viewers, the most ever for a documentary on the sports cable network until the debut of Pony Excess, a documentary about the Southern Methodist University football scandal in the 1980s. Home media This film was released on DVD in 2010, both separately and as part of the 30 for 30 box set. The DVD cover, depicting Michael Irvin, originally had the "U" logo on his helmet, but it was airbrushed from the cover after the University of Miami objected to the logo's use. Excerpts from Florida State University's "Seminole Rap" video that initially appeared in the documentary were also cut from the DVD release. Sequel In December 2014, ESPN released a second 30 for 30 film about the Hurricanes' program, The U Part 2. Part 2 documents the second rise to glory of the Miami Hurricanes football team in the late 1990s and early 2000s followed by the eventual fall of the program, due largely to a 2011 scandal involving rogue booster Nevin Shapiro. See also List of American football films References External links Official website American documentary television films Miami Hurricanes football 30 for 30 2009 television films 2009 films 2009 documentary films Documentary films about American football Films directed by Billy Corben Films shot in Miami Films set in Miami 2000s English-language films 2000s American films

Movie Star News was a New York City landmark and is a collection of vintage pin-up, bondage, and Hollywood publicity photos amassed over the course of 73 years by Irving Klaw, his sister Paula Klaw and nephew Ira Kramer– nearly 3 million images and 250,000 negatives, including 1,500 prints of Bettie Page, known as the queen of pin-ups. The bulk of the film collection covers the years 1938 to 1979 with many photos dating back to 1915; 11,500 movies and 5,000 actors are represented. Beginning The family business, which eventually became Movie Star News, began in 1938 when Klaw and his sister Paula opened a struggling used bookstore at 209 East 14th Street in Manhattan. After he observed teenagers frequently tearing out photos from his movie magazines, he saw an opportunity and started selling movie star stills and lobby photo cards. He set up a small box of used movie stills. When these quickly sold, he contacted the studios for more stills. Irving approached the studios directly back when most Hollywood studio publicity departments lined Manhattan's 11th Ave and discovered they were in the habit of throwing away their publicity materials after a film had had its run. Irving bought as much as he wanted for almost nothing, convincing publicity departments he was doing them a favor. Irving would take these originals and negatives meant for magazine and newspaper art departments and reproduce 8×10 glossies of them directly for the purchasing public. The customers could order by item number from catalogs of sample photos. These sold so well that he stopped selling books and moved the store from the basement to the street-level storefront and renamed it Irving Klaw Pin Ups. Business thrived, and the self-named "Pin-Up King" moved to 212 East 14th Street and took on the name "Movie Star News". Archiving In later years the studios, having thrown away their publicity archives would often have to rent their own photos back from Klaw. Around the time that Klaw started his bookstore, he also began a mail-order magic trick business, the Nutrix Novelty Library. Like book sales, magic novelties were a financial bust. However, Klaw soon realized that mail order could enhance his movie-still business. He placed advertisements in magazines and shipped catalogs. Before long, mail order was the mainstay of Movie Star News. During World War Two, Movie Star News sold pin-ups of movie stars to the troops with a mailing list of 100,000 names. Fetish photography By the late 1940s, Klaw was receiving frequent requests for "Damsel-in-distress" photos of actresses being bound and gagged, spanked, and flogged. Sometime between 1947 and 1950, Irving Klaw was approached by a prominent lawyer with some "special needs." He offered to pay all the costs if Klaw would produce original bondage pictures for him. Klaw would retain the rights. His first bondage model was Lili Dawn. She was photographed in midtown studios by various freelance photographers. Eventually, Klaw rented the third floor over Movie Star News and turned it into a shooting studio. By 1955, Irving Klaw was allegedly grossing $1.5 million a year, primarily through mail order of his fetish pics. While he worked with many different models, Klaw's images with Bettie Page were his most popular and best known. He met Page when he contacted camera clubs looking for models for his burgeoning fetish photography business. Page was the most popular pin-up of the 1950s, appearing on more covers than anyone else in the decade. While she was Playboy's Playmate of the Month for January 1955, Page is best remembered for Klaw's bondage photos and the nudes by Bunny Yeager. Klaw always went to great pains to make sure his photographs contained no nudity, which would make the material pornographic and hence illegal to sell via mail. Models were often required to wear two pairs of panties so that no pubic hair could be seen. He and Paula, who actually posed and took most of the photos, started selling bondage and fetish photos using burlesque dancers like Baby Lake, Tempest Storm, and Blaze Starr as models. Klaw always went to great pains to make sure his photographs contained no sex acts or nudity, which would have made the material pornographic and hence illegal to sell via mail. Through his production company Nutrix Co. (and later also Mutrix Corp), Klaw also published and distributed illustrated adventure/bondage serials by fetish artists Eric Stanton, Gene Bilbrew, Adolfo Ruiz and others. Irving Klaw had an unusually close relationship with his sister Paula. The story of Irving and his business has primarily been told through her anecdotes. Paula often ran the front end of the store, but when Klaw began to produce his own photographs and films, Paula befriended the models, often treating them as her own daughters. When another photographer wasn't available, she would grab the camera and shoot the photos. In 1963, in an attempt to satisfy the courts, Irving destroyed his photographs and movies, Paula, unbeknownst to her brother, preserved his legacy – and her financial future – by hiding thousands of the images. After her brother's death, she became fiercely protective of his reputation and his work. Without Paula's foresight, Irving Klaw might have been just an odd, barely remembered footnote in the annals of pin-up history and Fifties puritanism. Closing In the early 1980s Movie Star News moved to 134 West 18th Street to avoid rising rents on 14th street. In 2012 Movie Star News moved to Las Vegas, Nevada, and continues to sell originals and reproductions from the collection. References External links https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002947/http://www.moviestarnews.com/ http://vanishingnewyork.blogspot.com/2011/07/movie-star-news.html http://vintagesleaze.blogspot.com/2011/06/irving-klaw-mail-order-maven-and.html Private collections in the United States History of film Burlesque Photo archives in the United States Erotic art

Behind Enemy Lines is a 2001 American war film directed by John Moore in his directorial debut, and starring Owen Wilson and Gene Hackman. The film tells the story of Lieutenant Chris Burnett, an American naval flight officer who is shot down over Bosnia and uncovers genocide during the Bosnian War. Meanwhile, the rear admiral commanding the carrier strike group to which he is assigned is struggling to gain approval to launch a combat search and rescue mission to save Burnett. The plot is loosely based on the 1995 Mrkonjić Grad incident that occurred during the war. Released on November 30, 2001, Behind Enemy Lines received generally negative reviews from critics. However, it was a considerable box office success, taking in nearly $92 million worldwide against a $40 million budget. The film started a franchise of direct-to-video spiritual successors: Behind Enemy Lines II: Axis of Evil, Behind Enemy Lines: Colombia, and SEAL Team 8: Behind Enemy Lines, with the third film being co-produced by WWE Studios. Plot During the Bosnian War, United States Navy flight officer Lieutenant Chris Burnett and pilot Lieutenant Jeremy Stackhouse are stationed on the aircraft carrier in the Adriatic Sea. Burnett is preparing to leave the Navy, and clashes with his commanding officer, Rear Admiral Leslie Reigart. On Christmas, Reigart assigns Burnett and Stackhouse to fly an aerial reconnaissance mission, which goes smoothly until they spot unusual activity in the demilitarized zone. Burnett persuades Stackhouse to fly their F/A-18F Super Hornet off-course for a closer look, unaware that they are photographing Serb Volunteer Guard soldiers burying massacred Bosniak civilians in mass graves. The local Bosnian Serb paramilitary commander, General Miroslav Lokar, is conducting a secret genocidal campaign against the Bosniak population, and orders the jet be shot down. Attempting to outmaneuver Lokar's surface-to-air missiles, Burnett and Stackhouse's jet is hit, forcing them to eject. Lokar and his men find the injured Stackhouse, who is executed by Sasha Ivanic, one of Lokar's right-hand men. Watching nearby, Burnett flees into the wilderness, and Lokar orders his deputy, Colonel Bazda, and Sasha to hunt him down. Burnett radios for help and receives an extraction point from Reigart, who is forced to stand down after Admiral Piquet, the commander of NATO naval forces in the region, warns him that rescuing Burnett in the demilitarized zone risks derailing the peace process. Burnett reaches the extraction point only to be informed that he must continue to another location, miles outside the demilitarized zone, in order to be rescued. Spotting Bazda's patrol, Burnett falls into a mass grave, and hides under a corpse until the Serbs move on. To ensure Burnett's rescue, Reigart leaks news of the downed jet to Sky News, angering Piquet. Lokar realizes that the American jet's hard drive with the incriminating photographs may still be in the wreckage. Heading to the new extraction point, Burnett escapes Serb soldiers through a minefield. Pursued by Sasha, he encounters Bosniak guerrillas who offer him a ride to the town of Hač, which turns out to be a war zone. After the battle, Serb troops believe they have found Burnett's body, but Sasha realizes Burnett switched uniforms with a dead Serb guerrilla and escaped. The Serbs present the corpse wearing Burnett's uniform to the media, convincing NATO forces that Burnett has been killed, and the mission to rescue him is aborted just as he reaches the extraction point. Realizing why the Serbs shot him down, Burnett remembers a statue of an angel near where his ejection seat landed, and returns to find it. He reactivates the seat's rescue beacon, notifying his carrier group that he is still alive, but also alerting the Serbs to his location. Knowing he risks being relieved of command, Reigart prepares a Marine Force Recon task force to rescue Burnett, in defiance of Piquet's orders. On the way to kill Burnett and recover his body, Bazda steps on a landmine; Sasha abandons him to his fate, and the explosion alerts Burnett that someone is approaching. Sasha finds the ejection seat, but is ambushed by Burnett, who, despite taking a shot in the arm, fatally stabs him with the spike of a railroad flare. Lokar arrives with armored vehicles and infantry, but is held off by Reigart's task force. Retrieving the hard drive, Burnett is successfully rescued, much to the dismay of Lokar as his crime is now being exposed. The photographs of the mass grave lead to Lokar's arrest and conviction for war crimes including genocide. Reigart's actions result in him being relieved of command and retiring from service, and Burnett continues his career in the Navy. Cast Owen Wilson as Navy Pilot Lieutenant Chris "Longhorn" Burnett Gene Hackman as Rear Admiral Leslie McMahon Reigart Gabriel Macht as Navy Pilot Lieutenant Jeremy "Smoke" Stackhouse Charles Malik Whitfield as Marine Captain Glen Rodway David Keith as Master Chief Tom O'Malley Olek Krupa as Serb General Miroslav Lokar Joaquim de Almeida as Admiral Juan Miguel Piquet Vladimir Mashkov as Serb Sniper Sasha Ivanic Marko Igonda as Serb Colonel Viktor Bazda Eyal Podell as Petty Officer Kennedy Laurence Mason as Captain Glen Brandon Leon Russom as Ed Burnett Geoff Pierson as Admiral Donnelly Vladimir Oktasec as Serb President Petrovic Salaetin Bilal as Muslim Guerilla Leader Ejup Kamil Kollárik as Muslim Guerilla Babić Aernout van Lynden as himself Kyle Chandler as Young Naval Intelligence Officer Production The film was shot at the Koliba Studios in Bratislava, Slovakia and on location in the Slovakian village of Háj (in the village of Háj there is also a prop of an angel from the film). was the aircraft carrier featured in the film. Exterior naval footage was filmed on board the carrier. Interiors were filmed on , and on a film set. The release date was originally January 18, 2002, but this was moved to November 30, 2001. Historical inspiration The film bears some resemblance to the experiences of former U.S. Air Force Captain Scott O'Grady, who was shot down over Bosnia on June 2, 1995. He survived for six days before being rescued by U.S. Marines. O'Grady, who later became a children's author and motivational speaker, filed suit against both the producers of Behind Enemy Lines as well as Behind Enemy Lines: The Scott O’Grady Story, a 1998 documentary that Discovery Channel aired on his experience, for defamation of character, accusing the film's producers of invasion of privacy through the misappropriation of his name, likeness and identity, false representation and false advertising, and contending that those involved in both works produced them without his permission, and that the commercial value of his name was damaged by them. O'Grady's complaint indicated that among other things, he was troubled by the disobedience and profanity exhibited by the feature film's main character. O'Grady also accused Fox of using the documentary to promote the feature film and making a film about his ordeal without his permission. The film's characters and events differ from O'Grady's experience; he never entered populated areas, nor did he interact with civilians, and did not engage in direct combat with enemy soldiers. Also, O'Grady never flew an F/A-18F, but rather an F-16 Fighting Falcon. The case was settled out of court. Reception Box office The film made $18.7 million in its opening week in the U.S., landing at the #2 spot and was held off the top spot by Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone. Behind Enemy Lines eventually grossed $92 million worldwide, of which $59 million was from North America. The budget was estimated to be $40 million. Critical response Behind Enemy Lines received generally negative reviews from critics. Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 37% based on reviews from 130 critics, with a weighted average of 4.8/10 and the site's consensus stating "The plot for Behind Enemy Lines is more jingoistic than credible, and the overload of flashy visual tricks makes the action sequences resemble a video game." Metacritic has assigned the film an average score of 49 out of 100 based on 29 reviews from mainstream critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade "B+" on scale of A to F. Roger Ebert gave the film 1½ stars out of four, likening it to a comedy: "Its hero is so reckless and its villains so incompetent that it's a showdown between a man begging to be shot, and an enemy that can't hit the side of a Bosnian barn." Sequels Behind Enemy Lines was followed by three direct-to-video Spiritual successors. Behind Enemy Lines II: Axis of Evil was released in 2006, Behind Enemy Lines: Colombia was released in 2009 (this film was co-produced by WWE Studios) and SEAL Team 8: Behind Enemy Lines was released in 2014. 2017 television pilot The Fox network ordered a pilot episode of a series loosely based on the film in February 2017 for consideration as part of the network's 2017–18 television season. It was ultimately canceled. References External links Behind Enemy Lines (film series) 2001 films 2000s action war films 2000s war drama films 20th Century Fox films American action war films American action drama films American aviation films Bosnian War films Davis Entertainment films Films scored by Don Davis (composer) Films about shot-down aviators Films directed by John Moore Films produced by John Davis Films set in 1995 Films shot in Slovakia Films with screenplays by Zak Penn Films about the United States Marine Corps Films about the United States Navy Yugoslav Wars in fiction American war drama films 2001 directorial debut films 2000s action drama films Films with screenplays by Jim Thomas (screenwriter) Films with screenplays by John Thomas (screenwriter) Films set on aircraft carriers 2000s American films

Yelena Eckemoff is a Russian-born pianist, composer, poet, and visual artist. Her compositions blend classical music with jazz, and feature exploration and improvisation. Music career Eckemoff was born in Moscow, Russia, in the Soviet Union. Her mother was a professional pianist and teacher. When Eckemoff was four, she started to play piano by ear and took lessons from her mother. At seven, she attended Gnessin State Musical College, a school for gifted children. She studied classical piano at Moscow State Conservatory. After graduating, she taught piano in Moscow. She gave solo concerts, took jazz classes, composed music for several instruments, and played in a jazz-rock band. In 1991, she moved to the U.S. She has recorded in several genres: classical, vocal, folk, Christian, and jazz. Although jazz is typically associated with improvisation, Eckemoff often writes scores for her songs. Her music has been described as classical chamber music in the context of improvisational jazz. Discography Cold Sun (L&H, 2010) Grass Catching the Wind (L&H, 2010) Flying Steps (L&H, 2010) Forget-Me-Not (L&H, 2011) Glass Song (L&H, 2013) A Touch of Radiance (L&H, 2014) Lions (L&H, 2014) Everblue (L&H, 2015) Leaving Everything Behind (L&H, 2016) Blooming Tall Phlox (L&H, 2017) In the Shadow of a Cloud (L&H, 2017) Desert (L&H, 2018) Better Than Gold and Silver (L&H, 2018) Colors (L&H, 2019) Nocturnal Animals (L&H, 2020) Adventures of the Wildflower (L&H, 2021) I Am a Stranger in This World (L&H, 2022) Lonely Man and His Fish (L&H, 2023) References External links Official website Living people Soviet classical pianists Russian classical pianists Russian women pianists 20th-century classical pianists American classical pianists American women classical pianists American jazz pianists Year of birth missing (living people) Place of birth missing (living people) 20th-century American pianists 20th-century American women pianists 21st-century classical pianists 21st-century American women pianists 21st-century American pianists

HRG Engineering Company also known as HRG, was a British car manufacturer based in Tolworth, Surrey. Founded in 1936 by Major Edward Halford, Guy Robins and Henry Ronald Godfrey, its name was created from the first letter of their surnames. Cars were produced under the HRG name from 1935 to 1956. History Having raced together at Brooklands, Ron Godfrey approached Major Edward Halford in 1935 as regards the development of a new sports car. Having shown the prototype in late 1935, the company was formed in 1936 with Guy Robins formerly of Trojan joining as the third partner. Taking space at the premises of the Mid-Surrey Gear Company in Hampden Road, Norbiton, the cars were heavily influenced in their design by Godfrey's previous long involvement — from 1909 — with both the GN company and subsequently Frazer Nash. The first Meadows-engined HRG cost £395, about half the cost of the 1.5-litre Aston Martin, and weighed almost 1000 pounds (450 kg) less. Singer engines and gearboxes In 1938, the Company announced the 1100cc model [with a shorter wheelbase] using an OHC engine from Singer's Bantam Nine. and then in 1939 they also started using the OHC 1500cc Singer Twelve later Singer Roadster engine in place of the old OHV Meadows unit. Post-war, the 1100 and 1500 2-seaters continued being made to the same pre-war design. HRG also commenced manufacturing the Aerodynamic model on basically the same vintage chassis. In 1950 Guy Robins left the company and S. R. Proctor joined as technical director, having been associated with Godfrey on the ill-fated Godfrey-Proctor in the 1920s. Sports car production ended in 1956 after 241 cars had been made, although the company remained in business as an engineering concern and as a development organisation for others, including Volvo. In 1965, they made a prototype Vauxhall VX 4/90-powered sports car. The company ceased trading in 1966, making a profit until the end. Racing The factory's racing team, Ecurie Lapin Blanc, achieved several notable successes. In the 1938 Le Mans 24-hour race. the works entry driven by Peter Clark and Marcus Chambers was the highest-placed British car (10th out of 15 finishers from 42 starters). The following year Clark and Chambers returned to win the 1.5 litre class. In 1947, Chambers took 3rd place in the Grand Prix des Frontières at Chimay, and HRG won the team prize in the Isle of Man Empire Trophy race. In 1948 Chambers was 4th at Chimay, and HRG won the team prize in the Spa 24 hour race, where team leader Peter Clark had the cars equipped with two-way radios for communication between the drivers and the pits. Innovative at the time, radio communication is common in racing today. The team prize again went to HRG at Spa the following year. Also in 1949, the 1.5 litre class at Le Mans was won for the second time by an HRG, driven on this occasion by Eric Thompson and Jack Fairman. Proving that HRGs were still competitive 59 years later, a three-car team won the 2006 Vintage Sports Car Club 2-hour team relay race at Donington Park. They raced as "Ecurie Lapin Blanc". The cars today Of the 241 cars made, it is estimated that 225 survive. Many of the cars are still in active use, with a few in active competition. Some are competing in classic trials, others compete in VSCC races with success. The cars are commonly called "Hurgs" by their owners, and have an owners organisation in the HRG Association. Factory Models Gallery See also Bill Boddy List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom References Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of England Defunct companies based in Surrey

Missing Links Volume Two is a compilation album of rare and previously unreleased songs by the Monkees, issued by Rhino Records in 1990. It is the second volume of a three-volume set, preceded by Missing Links in 1987 and followed by Missing Links Volume Three in 1996. While several of the tracks had been featured in the Monkees' television series, only one of the tracks had ever been issued commercially: the live version of "Circle Sky" had appeared in the Monkees' feature film Head and was previously released on the Australian compilation Monkeemania (40 Timeless Hits) in 1979.This compilation contains one mislabeled track, as "Down the Highway" is mistitled "Michigan Blackhawk." As this compilation was released on both cassette and CD, tracks 7, 11, 14 and 15 do not appear on the original cassette version. A vinyl version was released in 2021 from Friday Music for Record Store Day. Track listing Session information "All the King's Horses" Written by Michael Nesmith Lead vocal: Micky Dolenz Harmony vocals: Michael Nesmith Backing vocals: Micky Dolenz, Davy Jones, Michael Nesmith, Peter Tork Guitar: James Burton, Glen Campbell, Al Casey Bass: Larry Knechtel, Bob West Drums: Hal Blaine Percussion: Gary Coleman, Jim Gordon Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Hollywood, California, June 25 (7:30 pm–12:15 am), July 16, 1966 (during sessions for The Monkees)Produced by Michael Nesmith "Valleri" (first recorded version) Written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart Lead vocal: Davy Jones Backing vocals: Micky Dolenz, Tommy Boyce, Wayne Erwin, Bobby Hart, Ron Hicklin Guitar: Wayne Erwin, Gerry McGee, Louie Shelton Bass: Larry Taylor Drums: Billy Lewis Tambourine: Gene Estes Produced by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart Recorded at RCA Victor Studio A, Hollywood, California, August 6 (7:30 P.M. - 10:30 P.M.), August 27 (3:30 P.M. start), 1966, during sessions for More of the Monkees. It was later re-cut for The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees. "St. Matthew" Written by Michael Nesmith Lead vocal: Michael Nesmith Electric guitar: Michael Nesmith Guitar: Harold Bradley, Wayne Moss Steel guitar: Lloyd Green Bass: Norbert Putnam Banjo: Bobby Thompson Drums: Jerry Carrigan Percussion/Organ: Unknown Piano: David Briggs Fiddle: Buddy Spicher Produced by Michael Nesmith Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Nashville, Tennessee, June 2 (12:00 P.M. - 3:00 P.M.), June 12, August 5, 1968, during sessions for Head"Words" (first recorded version) Written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart Lead vocals: Micky Dolenz, Peter Tork Backing vocals: Micky Dolenz, Davy Jones, Peter Tork, Tommy Boyce, Wayne Erwin, Bobby Hart, Ron Hicklin Guitar: Wayne Erwin, Gerry McGee, Louie Shelton Bass: Larry Taylor Drums: Billy Lewis Percussion: Norm Jeffries Flute: Ethmer Roten Produced by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Hollywood, August 15 (7:00 P.M. - 1:00 A.M.) and 27 (3:30 P.M. start), during sessions for More of the Monkees. It was later re-cut for Pisces, Aquarius, Capricorn & Jones Ltd.Includes a backwards tape segment not included in the episode of the TV series in which the track appeared ("Monkees Manhattan Style") "Some of Shelly's Blues" Written by Michael Nesmith Lead vocal: Michael Nesmith Acoustic guitar: Billy Sanford Steel guitar: Lloyd Green Banjo: Sonny Osborne Bass: Bobby Dyson Drums: Willie Ackerman Organ: Larry Butler Harmonica: Charlie McCoy Produced by Michael Nesmith and Felton Jarvis Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Nashville, Tennessee, May 29 (6:00 P.M. - 9:00 P.M.), June 2 (10:30 P.M. - 1:30 A.M.), 1968, during sessions for Head"I Wanna Be Free" (fast version) Written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart Lead vocals: Micky Dolenz, Davy Jones Guitar: Wayne Erwin, Gerry McGee, Louie Shelton Bass: Larry Taylor Drums: Billy Lewis Tambourine: Gene Estes Organ: Michel Rubini Produced by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Hollywood, California, July 19, (2:00–6:00 PM, 7:00-10:00 PM) and 24 (11:00 AM-7:00 PM), 1966, during sessions for The Monkees"If I Ever Get to Saginaw Again" Written by Jack Keller and Bob Russell Lead vocal: Michael Nesmith Guitar: Del Kacher? Electric Guitar: Louie Shelton Acoustic Guitar: Dennis Budimir, Al Casey, Mike Deasy Bass: Max Bennett Drums: Earl Palmer Tambourine/Vibes: Milt Holland, Stan Levey Harpsichord: Michael Melvoin Violin: Jack Gootkin, Bob Jung, George Poole, Heimann Weinstine, William Weiss Viola: Garry Nuttycombe Cello: Douglas Davis Produced by Michael Nesmith and Don McGinnis Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Hollywood, California, March 9 (4:30 P.M. - 7:30 P.M., 8:30 P.M. - 11:30 P.M.), 1968, January 31 (2:00 P.M. - 5:00 P.M.), 1969, and at United Recorders, Hollywood, March 6 (2:30 P.M. - 5:30 P.M.) and 7, 1969 "Come on In" Written by Jo Mapes Lead vocal: Peter Tork Electric guitar: Stephen Stills, Lance Wakely Bass: Peter Tork Drums: Dewey Martin Tack piano: Peter Tork Produced by Peter Tork Recorded at Western Recorders, Hollywood, California, February 8 (9:00 A.M. - 1:30 P.M.), 9, 11-13, 1968, during sessions for The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees The liner notes mistakenly credit the song to Steven Duboff and Neil Levenson "I'll Be Back Up on My Feet" (mono TV version) Written by Sandy Linzer and Denny Randell Lead vocal: Micky Dolenz Backing vocal: Unknown Guitars: Al Casey, Carol Kaye Bass: Ray Pohlman Drums: Hal Blaine Percussion: Frank Capp, Julius Wechter Piano: Don Randi and Michel Rubini Produced by Jeff Barry Recorded on October 28, 1966, during sessions for More of the Monkees. It was later re-cut for The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees. "Down the Highway (aka Michigan Blackhawk)" Written by Carole King and Toni Stern Lead vocal: Michael Nesmith Guitars: Al Casey, Louie Shelton Bass: Max Bennett Drums: Hal Blaine Piano: Larry Knechtel Produced by Michael Nesmith Recorded in June 5 (2:00 P.M. - 5:00 P.M.), 1969 Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Hollywood, California; June 5, 1969, during sessions for The Monkees Present. Several sources erroneously claim the song was recorded in June 1968. The actual title of this song is "Down the Highway". It was confused with an unrelated and unfinished Michael Nesmith song entitled "Michigan Blackhawk", recorded on June 10, 1969. "Hold on Girl" (first recorded version) Written by Jack Keller, Ben Raleigh, Billy Carr Lead vocal: Davy Jones Backing vocals: Micky Dolenz, Davy Jones, Tommy Boyce, Bobby Hart, Ron Hicklin Guitar: Wayne Erwin, Gerry McGee, Louie Shelton Bass: Larry Taylor Drums: Billy Lewis Percussion: Alan Estes Oboe: Norman Benno Harpsichord: Michel Rubini Produced by Jeff Barry and Jack Keller Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Hollywood, California, September 10 and 24 (2:00 P.M. - 6:00 P.M., 7:00 P.M. - 12:00 A.M.), 1966, during sessions for More of the Monkees"The Crippled Lion" Written by Michael Nesmith Lead vocal: Michael Nesmith Acoustic guitar: Harold Bradley Steel guitar: Lloyd Green Banjo: Sonny Osborne Bass: Bobby Dyson Drums: Jerry Carrigan Organ: David Briggs Produced by Michael Nesmith and Felton Jarvis Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Nashville, Tennessee, May 29 (10:00 A.M. - 1:00 P.M.), 1968, during sessions for Head"Changes" Written by David Jones and Steve Pitts Lead vocal: Davy Jones Guitar: Mike Deasy, Al Hendrickson, Gerry McGee Bass: Max Bennett Drums: Earl Palmer Percussion: Milt Holland, Jerry Williams Piano: Don Randi Violin: Sam Freed, Nathan Kaproff, George Kast, Marvin Limonick, Alex Murray, Erno Neufeld Cello: Marie Fera, Jacqueline Lustgarten, Edgar Lustgarten, Frederick Seykora Trumpet: Buddy Childers, Jack Sheldon French Horn: John Cave, David Duke, Arthur Maebe Trombone: George Roberts Produced by The Monkees Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Hollywood, February 6 (2:00 P.M. - 5:00 P.M., 10:00 P.M. - 2:00 A.M.) and 8 (7:30 P.M. - 10:30 P.M.), 1968, during sessions for The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees"Mr. Webster" (first recorded version) Written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart Lead/backing vocals: Micky Dolenz Acoustic guitars: Wayne Erwin, Gerry McGee, Louie Shelton Bass: Larry Taylor Harpsichord: Michel Rubini Percussion: Alan Estes Oboe: Norman Benno Cello: Maggie Aue Produced by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Hollywood, California, September 10 and 24 (2:00 P.M. - 6:00 P.M., 7:00 P.M. - 12:00 A.M.), 1966, during sessions for More of the Monkees. It was later re-cut for Headquarters. "You Just May Be The One" (first recorded version) Written by Michael Nesmith Lead vocals: Michael Nesmith Backing vocals: Michael Nesmith and Unknown Guitar/Dano bass: Peter Tork, James Burton, Glen Campbell, Al Casey, Mike Deasey Bass: Bob West Drums: Hal Blaine Percussion: Gary Coleman, Frank DeVito Piano: Larry Knechtel Produced by Michael Nesmith Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Hollywood, California, July 18 (8:00 P.M.-12:00 A.M.) and 27, 1966 during sessions for The Monkees. It was later re-cut for Headquarters. Featured doubling of regular bass with Danelectro bass. The doubling of bass proved difficult to master, as some 35 takes were needed before the backing track was completed. "(I Prithee) Do Not Ask For Love" (first recorded version) Written by Michael Martin Murphey Lead vocal: Micky Dolenz Guitar: Peter Tork, James Burton, Glen Campbell, Al Casey, Mike Deasey Bass: Bob West Drums: Hal Blaine Percussion: Gary Coleman, Jim Gordon Piano: Michael Cohen, Larry Knechtel Produced by Michael Nesmith Recorded at Western Recorders, Hollywood, on July 25 (8:00 P.M. - 12:15 A.M.) and at RCA Victor Studios on October 18 (4:00 P.M. - 12:00 A.M.), 1966, during sessions for The Monkees and More of the Monkees"Circle Sky" (live version) Written by Michael Nesmith Lead vocal: Michael Nesmith Electric guitar: Michael Nesmith Bass: Peter Tork Drums: Micky Dolenz Percussion/Organ: Davy Jones Produced by Michael Nesmith Recorded live at Valley Auditorium and Lagoon Park Amusement Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, May 17, 1968, with overdubbed vocals recorded at RCA Victor Studios from May 21, 1968. Performance featured in the film Head. "Seeger's Theme" (fourth recorded version) Written by Pete Seeger Whistling: Peter Tork Guitars: Peter Tork, Lance Wakely Banjo/bass: Peter Tork Drums: Buddy Miles Produced by Peter Tork Recorded at RCA Victor Studios, Hollywood, California, February 12 and 13, 1968, during sessions for The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees Originally recorded during sessions for Headquarters. First version released on The Headquarters Sessions. "Riiu Chiu" (studio version) Traditional Lead vocal by Micky Dolenz Harmony vocals: Michael Nesmith, Peter Tork, Chip Douglas Produced by Chip Douglas Recorded on October 3, 1967, during sessions for Pisces, Aquarius, Capricorn & Jones Ltd.'' Douglas substitutes for Davy Jones on harmony vocals References The Monkees compilation albums 1990 compilation albums Rhino Records compilation albums

During the late colonial period, Mauritania had few contacts with the other territories of French West Africa (Afrique Occidentale Française—AOF). At the time of the independence referendum in 1958, Mauritania's representatives on the Grand Council of the AOF remained neutral, while all other AOF members divided between the African Democratic Rally (Rassemblement Démocratique Africain—RDA) and the African Regroupment Party (Parti du Régroupement Africain—PRA). Until Mauritania became independent and Morocco threatened its security, Mauritania did not participate in AOF intraterritorial political, labor, or cultural movements. Only when Mauritania's existence as a state became problematic did it seek international recognition and support. Throughout the 1960s, Mauritania's main foreign policy objective was preserving its independence in the face of Moroccan irredentism. (Morocco finally recognized Mauritanian independence in 1969.) To that end, the Daddah government insisted on maintaining close ties with France, an effort that included allowing France to station troops on Mauritanian soil. In Africa, Mauritania established ties with the more conservative francophone countries because all the Arab League states (except Tunisia) and the African members of the Casablanca Group (Ghana, Guinea, and Mali) supported Morocco's irredentist claims. Mauritania applied for admission to the UN in 1960, sponsored by France, but its membership was vetoed by the Soviet Union, which supported the Arab League. For the most part, black Africa and the West favored Mauritania's admission, and the Soviet Union dropped its opposition in 1961 in exchange for a favorable vote on Mongolia's admission. In a final effort to block Mauritania's admission, Morocco brought the issue to the General Assembly, which supported Mauritania's application by a vote of sixty-eight to thirteen, with twenty abstentions. Mauritania was admitted to the UN on October 27, 1961. Mali, Guinea, and most Arab states supported Morocco in the debate. In January 1962 Mauritania edged away from its previously conservative, pro-French position by extending recognition to the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic and refusing to attend meetings of the French-backed Common Saharan States Organization. These tentative displays of independence increased Mauritania's credibility with its more progressive African neighbors and emphasized the country's role as a bridge between Arab North Africa and black Sub-Saharan Africa. Mauritania and Mali subsequently achieved a rapprochement with the signing of the Treaty of Kayes in February 1963. Relations with Algeria improved when Mauritania supported Algeria in its dispute with Morocco. Egypt, known at the time as the United Arab Republic (UAR) and the acknowledged leader of the Arab world, also sided with Algeria, and on October 21, 1964, the UAR officially extended recognition to Mauritania. That action encouraged Daddah to undertake an even bolder foreign policy. In 1963 Mauritania joined the OAU, whereupon Morocco resigned in protest. In 1964 Daddah became the first president of the recently formed Afro-Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation (Union Africaine et Malagache de Coopération Economique—UAMCE), a loose grouping of francophone African countries pledging technical and cultural cooperation. When the organization was subsequently upgraded to become a political organization in defiance of the OAU charter, Mauritania withdrew from all but the technical committees. Through the early 1970s, Mauritania continued to play the role of bridge between the Maghrib and sub-Saharan Africa. Mauritania also maintained its commitment to nonalignment while opening relations with Eastern Europe and the radical states of Africa. In support of Arab League and OAU positions, Mauritania did not seek ties with Israel, South Africa, or Portugal. Mauritania finally established diplomatic relations with Morocco in 1969. Close relations with France, on whom Mauritania continued to rely for much of its development aid, remained the cornerstone of Mauritanian foreign policy through the late 1980s. Spain's withdrawal from the Spanish Sahara and the latter's partition and annexation by Mauritania and Morocco in 1976 inaugurated an eight-year period of conflict and fighting against Polisario Front guerrillas of the SADR, resulting in military setbacks and stagnating diplomacy for Mauritania. Upon annexation, Mauritania's former ally Algeria severed its ties with the Daddah government in support of the SADR. From 1976 to 1979, Polisario guerrillas increased pressure on Mauritania and launched commando attacks against Fdérik, Zouerat, Bir Moghrein and Nouakchott. As a consequence of the economic and political costs of the fighting, the military successors to Daddah attempted to disengage Mauritania from the conflict; nevertheless, Polisario forces penetrated Mauritania's defenses, often with impunity, to infiltrate fighters into the Western Sahara. On August 10, 1979, Mauritania signs the Alger Accord with the Polisario, recognizing the right of self-determination of the Sahrawis & abandoning any claim on Western Sahara. Subsequently, relations with Morocco again deteriorated and then finally ruptured in 1981 when Mauritania accused Morocco of backing a coup attempt in Nouakchott. Conversely, relations with the Polisario and Algeria improved. In December 1983, Algeria, Tunisia, and Mauritania signed the Treaty of Peace and Friendship. The following year Haidalla extended diplomatic recognition and support to the SADR, an action that ultimately led to the downfall of his government. President Taya maintained ties with the SADR, but the link was at best correct and represented little more than Taya's attempt to appease his more formidable neighbors. Mauritania's principal foreign policy objective in the mid-1980s has been to ensure its own territorial integrity. Translated into diplomacy, this has meant pursuing a policy of strict neutrality in the Western Sahara dispute, improving relations with Morocco and Algeria, and seeking guarantees of support from France should ties with Mauritania's northern neighbors seriously deteriorate. Taya's efforts in that area have had mixed results. Although Taya insisted that Mauritania would remain neutral in the conflict over the Western Sahara, Mauritania faced a mounting threat of greater involvement because the combatants themselves continued to encroach on Mauritanian territory. As the Moroccans pushed southward in the Western Sahara behind their highly effective network of sand walls (berms) to within a few kilometers of the Mauritanian border, Mauritanian armed forces were placed in the position of confronting either well-equipped Moroccan troops pursuing Polisario guerrillas, or Polisario commando teams crossing into and perhaps attacking the berms from Mauritanian territory. In either case, Mauritania would probably be the loser. Taya has also sought to improve ties with other countries to secure trading partners or find new investors. Mauritania's principal benefactors have been Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and France. The list of donors also includes Japan, Iraq, Italy, the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), Romania, the United States, the Persian Gulf states, and China. References Mauritania Foreign relations of Mauritania History of Mauritania

The Lewis–Cutler ministry or First Lewis ministry was the 68th ministry of the New South Wales Government, and was led by the 33rd Premier, Tom Lewis, of the Liberal Party in coalition with the Country Party, led by Sir Charles Cutler. It was the first of two occasions when Lewis was Premier; and the seventh and final occasion when Cutler served as Deputy Premier. Background Lewis was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1957 and served continuously until 1978, representing the seat of Wollondilly. When the Askin government came to power in 1965, Lewis was given relatively junior portfolios of Lands and Mines. In 1972, Tourism was added to his ministerial responsibilities when Eric Willis moved to Education. Late in 1974, Askin announced his resignation and Lewis was chosen as leader over Willis and Justice Minister John Maddison. Cutler was elected to the NSW Legislative Assembly in 1947 and served continuously until 1975, representing the seat of Orange. Elected Deputy Leader of the Country Party in 1958, Cutler was elected as leader of his party following the 1959 state election, replacing Davis Hughes. Lewis inherited a relatively stable government that had been in power for ten years. However, the Liberal government was engaged in almost daily warfare with the Whitlam Labor federal government, most notably over the Medibank health care scheme, to which New South Wales was the last state to sign. Composition of ministry The composition of the ministry was announced by Premier Lewis and sworn in on 3 January 1975, and covers the period from 3 January 1975, when the former Premier, Sir Robert Askin resigned as Premier and as Member for Pittwater, until 17 December 1975, the day after Cutler resigned as Deputy Premier, the Leader of the Country Party, and as Member for Orange. There were minor rearrangements in June 1975 following the resignation of Milton Morris and in October 1975 when Wal Fife resigned in order to successfully contest the Australian House of Representatives seat of Farrer at the 1975 federal election.   Ministers are members of the Legislative Assembly unless otherwise noted. See also Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, 1973–1976 Members of the New South Wales Legislative Council, 1973–1976 Notes References   New South Wales ministries 1975 establishments in Australia 1975 disestablishments in Australia

National Lampoon The Job of Sex: a Workingman's Guide to Productive Lovemaking is a humorous book that was first published in 1974. It was a spin-off from National Lampoon magazine. The book was a parody of the 1972 book, The Joy of Sex. The parody was written by several of the National Lampoon's regular contributors, and was edited by Brian McConnachie. References Amazon listing here National Lampoon books 1974 books Parody books

"Anchor Me" is a 1994 single by New Zealand rock band The Mutton Birds. The song peaked at #10 in the New Zealand singles chart, and charted for nine weeks. The song was from the group's 1993 album Salty, with three other album tracks used on the single. "Anchor Me" is a love song, written by the Mutton Birds' lead singer Don McGlashan about his wife. Songwriter Don McGlashan won the 1994 APRA Silver Scroll songwriting award for "Anchor Me", the first of his two Silver Scrolls. McGlashan was also nominated for Best Songwriter for "Anchor Me" at the 1995 New Zealand Music Awards. Track listing "Anchor Me" (Remix Edit) – 4:27 "When The Wind Comes Round" – 5:30 "Esther" – 2:48 "Don't Fight It Marsha, It's Bigger Than Both Of Us" – 4:38 Uses in popular culture Perfect Strangers (2003 feature film). With a new version of the song recorded for the film, McGlashan appears in the film as part of a fictitious band called The Blackouts who perform the song in a bar scene. Boy (2004 short film) soundtrack After the 2008 New Zealand general election, Television New Zealand used "Anchor Me" in a montage of images showing people celebrating the New Zealand National Party's victory. McGlashan wrote an angry letter to the network expressing his displeasure with the song being used in this context, saying he had never voted National and "would rather have sex with a very ugly crayfish than let them use my music". Charts Greenpeace version In 2005, a charity supergroup of New Zealand artists recorded the song to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the bombing of the Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior. The song peaked at #3 in the New Zealand singles chart. The idea of a commemorative song was decided in April 2005, with studio time booked before the song or singers had been selected. Songwriter Don McGlashan agreed for "Anchor Me" to be used, but chose not to be involved in the recording, as he felt doing so would put the emphasis on him, rather than the bombing commemoration. A group of young New Zealand artists was quickly gathered to record the song, which was eventually released on 4 July 2005. Line-up In order of performance: Hinewehi Mohi Kirsten Morrell (Goldenhorse) Che Fu Anika Moa Milan Borich (Pluto) David Atai and Donald McNulty (Nesian Mystik) Nainz and Viiz Tupai (Adeaze) Charts References External links Video of the Mutton Birds version at NZ On Screen Video of the Greenpeace version at NZ On Screen 1994 singles 2005 singles Charity singles All-star recordings The Mutton Birds songs Songs written by Don McGlashan 1994 songs

Khady Hane (born 1962) is an author from Senegal. She received her education from the University of Paris and lives in Paris. She is president of an association called "Black Arts and Culture" and has written a number of novels in French. Bibliography Sous le regard des étoiles... [Under the gaze of the stars]. Dakar: NEAS, 1998 (Novel). Les violons de la haine Paris: Manuscrit.com, 2001. Novel. Ma sale peau noire Paris: Manuscrit.com, 2001. Novel. Le Collier de paille Libreville: Editions Ndzé, 2002. (183p.). Novel. Il y en a trop dans les rues de Paris Bertoua, Cameroun: Editions Ndzé, 2005, (78p.) . Theatre. External links Profile at UWA 1962 births Living people Senegalese women writers University of Paris alumni Senegalese novelists

Gear ratios of bicycles are relative measures of bicycle gearing giving an indication of the mechanical advantage of different gears, which combined with the wheel diameter determines how far the bicycle advances per pedal or crank revolution. Gear inches is an imperial measure corresponding to the diameter in inches of the drive wheel of a penny-farthing bicycle with equivalent (direct-drive) gearing. A commonly used metric alternative is known as metres of development or rollout distance, which specifies how many metres a bicycle travels per revolution of the crank. Typical gear ratios on bicycles range from very low or light gearing around 20 gear inches (1.6 metres per revolution), via medium gearing around 70 gear inches (5.6 m), to very high or heavy gearing around 125 gear inches (10 m). As in a car, low gearing is for going up hills and high gearing is for going fast. Origin of the term gear inches When the high wheeler or penny-farthing was the "ordinary" bicycle form, the comparative diameter in inches of the driven wheel was an indication of relative speed and effort. A 60-inch wheel propelled a bicycle faster than a 50-inch wheel when both were cranked at the same cadence. The technology of the high wheeler imposed a natural limit—a 60-inch wheel was about the maximum size that could be straddled by ordinary sized legs. When "safeties" replaced "ordinaries", chains and sprockets allowed small wheels to be turned faster than the pedal cranks. As result, a 28-inch wheel could be made to move a bicycle at the same speed as a 60-inch wheel. Such a bicycle was then said to be geared at 60 gear inches and pedalled similar to an ordinary with a 60-inch wheel. Thus on a bicycle geared at 72 gear inches one revolution of the pedals advances the bicycle the distance that a 72-inch wheel would in one revolution. Calculating gear inches Gear inches express gear ratios in terms of the diameter of an equivalent directly driven wheel, and is calculated as follows: This formula assumes that any hub gear is in direct drive. A further factor is needed for other gears (many online gear calculators have these factors built in for common hub gears). For simplicity, 'gear inches' is normally rounded to the nearest whole number. For example, suppose the drive wheel is actually 26 inches in diameter. If the front chainring and rear sprocket have equal numbers of teeth, one turn of the pedals produces exactly one turn of the drive wheel, just as if the pedals were directly driving the drive wheel. That combination of gears and wheel is said to be "26 gear inches." If the front chainring has 48 teeth and the rear sprocket has 24 teeth, then each turn of the pedals produces two turns of the rear wheel. This is equivalent to doubling the size of the drive wheel; that is, it is like a directly driven bicycle with a 52-inch wheel. That gear is said to be "52 gear inches." A bicycle with a 26-inch wheel, a 48-tooth chainring, and a cassette with gears ranging from 11 to 34 teeth has a lowest gear of gear inches and a highest gear of gear inches. For bicycles with 700c wheels, some cyclists quote gear inches based on a nominal wheel diameter of 27 inches, corresponding to the old British tire size of 27 x " (ETRTO 630). Strictly speaking, the rolling diameter of a 700c wheel may be significantly higher or lower than 27", depending on the tire size, e.g. nearly 27.5" for a 700x38 tire, or just over 26" for a 700x20 tire. This can be the source of some confusion when comparing gears unless it is clear whether gear inches have been calculated using the actual wheel size or a conventionalised 27". One way to estimate wheel diameter is to add twice the nominal tyre cross-section to the rim diameter. For example, consider a tire, which has a nominal cross-section of 23 mm. 700c wheels have a rim diameter of 622 mm. Hence the wheel diameter is which is equal to 26.3 inches (rounded to 1 decimal place). 26 inch mountain bicycle wheels have a rim diameter of 559 mm. This ignores factors that contribute to the actual rolling radius of the tyre and rim together: the vertical deflection of the tire above the contact patch and the difference between the manufacturer's stated size and the actual tire radius when mounted and inflated. Gear inches, along with cadence, can be converted to speed as follows: Relationship to metres of development The rollout distance, also known as metres of development, is a measurement which specifies how many metres a bicycle travels per revolution of the crank. It can be calculated by the formula: or equivalently: Thus gear inches and development differ by a factor of π times imperial-to-metric conversion. To convert from gear inches to metres of development, multiply by 0.08 (more precisely: 0.0254π). Examples of rollout distances The following theoretical table indicates the metres traveled per pedal revolution for a typical combination of a 622 mm (700C) rim with a 23 mm tire. In practice, the result will vary with the profile of the tire and other factors. Regulations Up until 2023, the UCI limited junior riders to a rollout distance of 7.93 metres (~99 gear inches). For example, a common junior gearing until 2023 was 52 teeth on the largest ring at the crank, and 14 as the heaviest gear available in the rear wheel. Coupled with a 700c wheel (622 mm diameter) and a 23 mm tire size (which approximately adds 2×23 mm to the wheel diameter), this gives an approximate diameter of 0.645 metres (depending on various factors such as air pressure, tire and rim), resulting in an estimated rollout distance of: π ⋅ 0.668 m ⋅ ~ 7.53 m Relationship to gain ratio Both "gear inches" and "metres of development" are concerned with the distance travelled per turn of the pedals, and are ultimately ways of indicating the mechanical advantage of the drivetrain, but neither of them take into account the length of the crankarm, which can vary from bike to bike. The crankarm is a lever arm. If two bicycles have different crank lengths but are otherwise identical, a longer lever arm gives a greater mechanical advantage. To take this into account, Sheldon Brown proposed a gear measurement system called gain ratio, which is calculated by the distance travelled by the bike divided by the distance of revolution of the pedal axle during one turn of the crank. He argued that it also has the advantage of being dimensionless. See also Bicycle gearing Bicycle performance Derailleur gears Hub gear Outline of cycling References External links Sheldon Brown's gear calculator Online calculator for gear inches, metres development, and gain ratio BikeCAD has a graphical means of displaying gear inches as described here Gain Ratios—A New Way to Designate Bicycle Gears Gain and Watts Calculator Mike Sherman's gear calculator Online calculator for derailleur gears, with useful graphic displays HPV Drivetrain Analyzer A drivetrain analyzer and gear calculator for HPV's (Human Powered Vehicles) that will handle compound drives and geared cranks and hubs. Bicycle gears

Central News may refer to: ITV News Central, a regional television news and current affairs programme for the English Midlands previously known as Central News Central News Agency (disambiguation), a number of agencies

Joonatan Jürgenson (born 24 October 1991 in Tartu) is an Estonian classical pianist from Tõravere. He made his debut at the age of 12 after receiving the 1st prize at the "Young Musician" competition in Tallinn, 2004. Education Joonatan's first contact with the music world was through singing in the kindergarten, as he successfully took part in local singing competitions. He continued to sing through the first years of school in an ensemble led by Kaie Tohver in Nõo Gymnasium. Joonatan started his piano studies at the age of 7 in Nõo Music School with Katrin Mägi. He soon continued his studies in Heino Eller Tartu Music College, where his teacher was the headmaster of the school Kadri Leivategija. In 2016 Joonatan received his master's degree cum laude from the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre, where he studied with professor Ivari Ilja. In 2014-2015 he completed his studies in London at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama with the professor Ronan O'Hora. Career As a solo pianist and an active chamber musician, Joonatan Jürgenson has successfully taken part in many national and international competitions as well as festivals from an early age. His debut was in 2004, after he received the 1st prize and special prizes for eminent style and Bach's interpretation in an international competition "Young Musician" held in Tallinn, Estonia. The same year he performed at the Opening Concert of the festival "Helimaastikud. Jaapan" ("Soundscapes. Japan") performing Risto Laur's "Tüdruk ja draakon" ("The Girl and the Dragon") at the age of 12 with the Sinfonietta of Heino Eller Music College under the baton of Lilyan Kaiv. In 2010 he was given Ago Russak's scholarship for excellent results as a young music student. He has also collaborated with the Grammy award-winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre during his author concert in St John's Church in Tallinn in 2013. In San Sebastian International Piano Competition in 2013, he received the 2nd prize and the special prize for the best interpretation of the modern basque composer. In addition to concerts in Estonia, he has also performed in Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, Poland, Italy, Spain, Portugal, UK, USA and Armenia. He has collaborated with many orchestras and conductors such as Estonian Academy of Music and Theater Symphony Orchestra, Heino Eller's Music School Sinfonietta, Pärnu City Orchestra, Terre del Nord Festival Orchestra and the West Islands' Chamber Orchestra with the conductors Paul Mägi, Edoardo Narbona, and Toomas Vavilov. Terre del Nord Festival in Turin, Italy, featured Joonatan as an opening performer, where he played a solo recital with northern music in programme. He was also invited back for the next edition in 2016, but that time for the final concert, where he played with the Terre del Nord Festival Orchestra music by Lars-Erik Larsson. In addition to solo career he also teaches masterclasses to young Estonian pianists. Discography Album Prana - Young Baltic Composers' Piano Music was released on 19th of May 2023 digitally and physically from June 1st. It features music from Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian composers Katrin Aller, Marina Vidmonte, Edgars Mākens, Jonas Jurkūnas, Mariliis Valkonen, Rūta Vitkauskaitė, Edgars Raginskis, Pärt Uusberg, Maria Kõrvits, Riho Esko Maimets, Leila Röömel and Rasmus Puur. Félix Ibarrondo's Prélude was released in March 2022 by Joonatan Jürgenson as a single. The release is available digitally. In October 2021 he released a new album with Estonian chamber music for the saxophone and the piano with the Estonian saxophonist Rene Laur. The album features a commissioned piece by the Estonian-American composer Jonas Feliks Tarm. Additionally there are saxophone and piano sonatas by Estonian composers Eduard Tubin and Hillar Kareva. It premiered on the 22nd of October.In March 2020 Joonatan Jürgenson released a debut solo album. The music on the album is composed by Robert Schumann and Pyotr Tchaikovsky who were both inspired by the Romantic author E.T.A. Hoffmann. Chamber music As well as solo pianist, Joonatan is also an active chamber musician. He is a part of a piano trio Trio Fantastico, which consists of Mari-Liis Urb (violin), Kristian Plink (violoncello) and Joonatan Jürgenson (piano). In the 8th International Music Festival in Gyumri, Armenia, in 2016, the trio won the Grand Prix. The ensemble has also given concerts in Poland Wilanów Palace in 2016, participated in the Le Strade d'Europa Music Festival in Italy in Rome, L'Aquila and Nepi and gave three concerts in the Harmos Festival in Porto, Portugal in 2018. Also he is collaborating with saxophonist Rene Laur with whom he has performed in many festivals (Eduard Tamme nim. Võru Puhkpillifestival; Mürtsub pill; Festival TubIN) and given out a chamber music album (Pildid lapsepõlvest). In 2015 they received I prize in International Competition of Student and Schoolchildren’s Chamber Ensembles and Accompanists in Klaipeda, Lithuania and the Grand Prix in 2016 edition of festival-competition “Renaissance” in Gyumri, Armenia. In 2022 they performed Eduard Tubin's music in Festival TubIN in Tartu, Estonia. Unions Joonatan Jürgenson is a member of the Association of Estonian Professional Musicians and Estonian Piano Teachers' Union. Personal Joonatan Jürgenson is the son of Estonian politician Kalle Jürgenson and philologist Heli Jürgenson and he has 3 brothers: journalist Kristjan Pruul, football player Markus Jürgenson and biologist Martin Jürgenson. References Press https://www.ajakirimuusika.ee/single-post/t-ubinasaak-2022 - Muusika, Andre Hinn, 12/2022 https://klassikaraadio.err.ee/1608735841/helikaja-15-oktoobril-festival-tubin-tartus - ERR, Klassikaraadio, Helikaja, Liina Vainumetsa, 10/2022 https://klassikaraadio.err.ee/1608620329/helikaja-plaadinoel-rene-laur-joonatan-jurgenson-pildid-lapsepolvest - ERR, Klassikaraadio, Helikaja, Nele-Eva Steinfeld, 6/2022 https://www.ajakirimuusika.ee/single-post/joonatan-jürgenson-klaver-rene-laur-saksofon-pildid-lapsepõlvest - Muusika, Tiiu Sisask, 12/2021 https://klassikaraadio.err.ee/1608383987/album-pildid-lapsepolvest-rene-laur-joonatan-jurgenson-jj-2021 - ERR, Klassikaraadio, Album, Nele-Eva Steinfeld, 11/2021 https://klassikaraadio.err.ee/1608364335/delta-22-oktoobril-erso-ja-noored-uus-plaat-aeternus-saksofonialbum/1398299 - ERR, Klassikaraadio, Delta, Nele-Eva Steinfeld, 10/2021 https://klassikaraadio.err.ee/1608146059/album-joonatan-jurgenson-schumann-ja-tsaikovski-jj-2020 - ERR, Klassikaraadio, Album, Nele-Eva Steinfeld, 3/2021 https://www.ajakirimuusika.ee/single-post/joonatan-jürgenson-joonatan-jürgenson - Muusika, Jorma Toots, 11/2020 https://www.meiemaa.ee/index.php?content=artiklid&sub=6&artid=75723 - Meie Maa, Anneli Tarkmeel, 4/4/17 https://dea.digar.ee/cgi-bin/dea?a=d&d=noovalla20161001.2.16&e=-------et-25--1--txt-txIN%7ctxTI%7ctxAU%7ctxTA----------- - Nõo Valla Leht, Milvi Pensa, 1/10/16 https://www.ajakirimuusika.ee/single-post/2017/05/02/Maailma-lõpus-on-orkester - Muusika, Anneli Tarkmeel, 2/5/17 https://arhiiv.saartehaal.ee/2017/04/05/kevadkontsert-oli-nime-vaart/ - Saarte Hääl, Erki Aavik, 5/4/17 External links http://interpreet.ee/interpreedid/joonatan-jurgenson/ - Association of Professional Estonian Musicians https://www.emic.ee/joonatan-jurgenson - Estonian Music Information Centre 1991 births People from Tartu Estonian classical pianists Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre alumni Living people 21st-century Estonian musicians 21st-century classical pianists

Tarni Evans is an Australian rules footballer playing for the Greater Western Sydney Giants in the AFL Women's league. Evans was recruited by the Giants with the 9th pick in the 2020 AFL Women's draft. Early football Evans played junior football for the Tathra Eaglettes and later the Queanbeyan Football Club. She spent two seasons in the AFLW Academy. AFLW career Evans debuted for the in the opening round of the 2021 AFL Women's season. On debut, Evans collected 9 disposals, 2 marks and a tackle. Statistics Statistics are correct to the end of the 2021 season. |- style="background-color: #eaeaea" ! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2021 |style="text-align:center;"| | 18 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 40 || 20 || 60 || 11 || 12 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 5.7 || 2.9 || 8.6 || 1.6 || 1.7 || 0 |- |- class="sortbottom" ! colspan=3| Career ! 9 ! 0 ! 0 ! 40 ! 20 ! 60 ! 11 ! 12 ! 0.0 ! 0.0 ! 5.7 ! 2.9 ! 8.6 ! 1.6 ! 1.7 ! 0 |} References 2002 births Living people Greater Western Sydney Giants (AFLW) players Queanbeyan Football Club players Australian rules footballers from New South Wales

Afonja of Ilorin was the "Are-Ona-Kakanfo", or chief military leader, of the Oyo Empire. Laderin, the great-grandfather of Afonja, was the founder of Ilorin city. He was succeeded by his son, Pasin, a powerful warrior who became a threat and target to, Basorun Gaha, because of his rising profile. He was driven into exile and killed. Alagbin, his son was made King. After the death of Alagbin, his son, Afonja, took over. These were the only four Yoruba kings in Ilorin. Aole Arogangan Aole was installed King after the death of Abiodun in 1789. He was Abiodun's cousin. A tall and handsome man but a weakling. Afonja had a strong kinship relation with Aole because he was born at the palace of Alafin. This began the Cold war between Aole (Awole) and Afonja as they started to be suspicious of each other. During his reign, evil and wickedness pervaded the whole of the Oyo Empire. The rights of citizens were taken away, cruelty, treachery were order of the day. People were confiscated and taken into slavery at slightest offense. The poor groaned and the leaders tyrannical and despotic. Oaths were no longer taken in the names of gods because the gods were considered too lenient and ineffective. It became, "may the King's sword destroy me." During Aole reign, there were constant problems. After his installation, as was the customs, he was asked to name his enemy for his first expedition. Aole named a town market called Apomu. At that time, it was a market patronized by people from Oyo, Ife, Owu and Ijesa. The market was in Olowu territory. It was at the market, Aole, who was then a private citizen, sold his very close friend into slavery. When it came to the attention of the Apomu village-head that an Oyo citizen had been sold, he sent out order and Aole's friend was bought back, which angered him. When Baale of Apomu found that war had been declared against his domain, he had to commit suicide so he could save his village. His head was cut off and taken to King Aole  to appease him. Again, the Majesty was asked to name his enemy. Aole then named Afonja, the Kakanfo of Ilorin. It happened Afonja forcefully demanded and took the Kakanfo title after the death of Oyabi. In 1796, a plan was hatched to have Afonja lead war against, Iwere, an in-penetrable kingdom. Iwere was also the maternal home of late King Abiodun.  Afonja became aware of the conspiracy against him so, in alliance with, Basorun Asamu Agba-o-lekan and Owota of Oyo, they turned against the King; besieged Oyo city for several weeks and sent an empty covered calabash to the King, which meant he had been rejected and had to commit suicide. Adebo After the death of Aole who reigned for seven years, Adebo was installed King. Oyo Empire began to unravel from thence. Adebo was more a nominal King, without real authority to function as many kingdoms under Oyo began to assert their independence. The King's authority lost steam. The King began to lose the people's respect. The people no longer respect or fear King's Messengers. Inhabitants of Oyo city became the butt of jokes for the people. There were chaos and disorderliness; might over rights; powerful chiefs turned their arms directly at the people to increase their wealth and fortunes. Opele, the Baale of Igbogun was the first to secede from Oyo Empire; followed by many lesser chiefs. He immediately formed his army and took Igbo-owu and Idofian. He was killed while attempting to conquer Igboho. According to S.Adebanji Akintoye, it was the failure of Oyo-Mesi to select Afonja as the Alaafin of Oyo that forced him to decide to establish similar dynasty with Ilorin as the capital while Oyo-ile would become another town with her king subject to the new dynasty with him at the head. So to achieve this, he declared independence from Oyo. Afonja decided to completely whittle down the powers of Oyo. His first step was to expand Ilorin from a small town into a big city- capital. He co-opted towns within the vicinity of Ilorin such as, Kanla, Ganmo, Idofian, Elehinjare, Oke-Oyi, Igbon, Iresa Ibare, and others. To gain military powers, he invited Alimi, his priest, a Fulah Moslem, to Ilorin. Alimi responded by relocating with all his Hausa slaves to Ilorin and they were recruited into Afonja soldiers. Afonja also invited Solagberu, a rich Yoruba friend, who moved to the outskirt of Ilorin – a large compound called Oke Suna. About 1817, Afonja offered freedom and protection to Muslims and slaves facing persecutions in Oyo country if they would flee to Ilorin. Many Hausa slaves ran to Ilorin and were protected from their masters. A lot of them were so angered by what they went through with their Oyo masters they voluntarily joined Afonja's army greatly swelling his military. They were mostly from (Hausa, Nupe, Bariba, Aja and Fulani). Solagberu, brought under his leadership, Mohammendans, from Gbanda, Kubajo, Agoho, Kuwo and Kobe. All these were all Moslems and they considered themselves separate from the pagans. These periods marked the beginning of religious war, Jehad, in Yorubaland. They called themselves, Jamas (a Hausa word for the rank and file, as distinguished from the leaders). They had distinctive marks, Kende, a sign of brotherhood, with which they greeted and recognized themselves. The third major step taken by Afonja towards building his formidable army was to co-op all major military commanders under him as the Kakanfo. The most important were Toyeje, the Baale of Ogbomosho who led Afonja's right wing with his own army and Fagbohun, the Baale of Jabata, who commanded his left wing. Each of these commanders trained their home armies whom they brought under Afonja as the Kakanfo supreme command. Ojo Agunbambaru, one of the few sons of Basorun Gaha, who fled to Bariba, heard what had become of Oyo. He decided it was an opportunity to avenge the death of his father and obtain his title. He came to Oyo with his large army of Bariba soldiers and put to death many of the Oyo Chiefs, including those he considered Afonja loyalists. Ojo conscripted large foot soldiers from many Yoruba kingdoms and set off against Afonja military. He was almost completed victory when, Adegun the Onikoyi, a secret friend of Afonja, suddenly deserted him. This gave an unexpected victory to Afonja. Ojo and his loyal Bariba army withdrew back to Bariba country. The fame of Afonja greatly increased as a result of this victory. Many from far and near offered their services to him. King Adebo declared war against Gbogun town. As the war continued, he died in his sleep. He ruled for one hundred and thirty days. Prince Maku became King. Maku Maku was installed King after Adebo. Afonja was not informed of his installation. He led a military campaign against Iworo kingdom and was defeated. He escaped to Iwo town and had to commit suicide as he was told no Yoruba King survived defeat. Fall of Afonja Afonja became the sole power. He allowed the Kings and chiefs to manage their affairs by themselves. But his Jamas became marauders; stealing and ravaging the people's properties. Slaves, who ran from their owners to join Afonja's Jamas would return to oppress former masters who had treated them badly. No one could complain about these excesses for fear of reprisal. Afonja became haughty and larger than life. He failed to notice the evil his Jamas were perpetrating on the people; and even when he was warned of their ambition, rapine and lawlessness he refused to amend. Then the Jamas began ill feelings and disaffection against him. When Afonja realized the great danger of the Jamas, it was already too late. Even when he threatened to disband them, they simply continued the evil they were perpetrating on the people. His words became nothing to them. Afonja, had already created many enemies and few friends for himself. He was hated by many of his high-powered chiefs; former friend Solagberu of Oke Suna and Alimi, his priest because of his haughtiness and ego. When he decided to destroy the Jamas, they got wind of it and been led by Alimi, they attacked Afonja and his few loyalists. As they besieged him in all walls of his house, he made desperate call to Solagberu for help, but no help arrived. According the S.A. Akintoye, Solagberu must have disregarded Afonja's call for help been a Muslim chief, he would consider it haram to help Afonja defeat fellow Muslims. Afonja was killed and burnt to ashes. Alimi, the Fulani priest, took over leadership at Ilorin. Afonja would be remembered as the Kakanfo who foreclosed the dismemberment of the Yoruba country. But Professor Ade Ajaye argued that Alimi never arrived Ilorin until 1820s, when Oyo was already declining. Accounts of Afonja are found in the writings of Samuel Ajayi Crowther and Samuel Johnson. Ilorin came under the rulership of Fulanis. They were invited as friends and allies, but they were more astute than the Yorubas. They studied their weaknesses and misrule. According to Samuel Johnson (1921) " Their more generous treatment of fallen foes and artful method of conciliating a power they could not openly crush, marked them out as a superior people in the art of government." First attempt to retake Ilorin The death of Afonja was very bitter for the Yoruba people. They became afraid it was a matter of time before the Fulani occupy the whole of Yorubaland, so they decided to form a formidable army under the leadership of Toyoje, the Baale of Ogbomosho who became the new Kakanfo. But treacherous Alimi, already suspected this and was already fortifying himself and his Jamas to when the time came. He has studied the Yorubas and knew how to undercut them. The Yorubas encamped at Ogele but the Fulani army with their horses, assisted by Chief Solagberu of Oke Suna, a powerful Yoruba Moslem; routed the Yoruba army. 2nd Attempt - Mugbamugba War The Yoruba forces came together again to attempt to recover Ilorin. The war was fought during the month of March and April when the locust fruits (Igba) were out. There was famine at the time since wars prevented farming. The Fulanis who were experts in cavalry, routed the Yorubas and Monjia, the King of Rabbah, who joined forces. This was the last war fought by Alimi the Moslem Priest. He was succeeded by Abudusalami, his son, who was installed the first King or Emir of Ilorin. This was the beginning of Emirate in Ilorin; and the Gambaris (Hausas) who formed the bulk of the Jamas were afforded home. References Oyo Empire Ilorin African warriors Nigerian generals Yoruba military personnel People executed by burning

This article details the history of the Scots Guards from 1642 to 1804. The Scots Guards (SG) is a regiment of the Guards Division of the British Army. The Scots Guards trace their origins back to 1642 when, by order of King Charles I, the regiment was raised by Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll for service in Ireland, and was known as the Marquis of Argyll's Royal Regiment. It spent a number of years there and performed a variety of duties, but in the mid-1640s, during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, the regiment took part in the fight against James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose who was fighting on the side of Charles I. In 1646, Montrose left Scotland upon the defeat of the King in England. Lyfe Guard of Foot In 1650, a year after the execution of King Charles I, his son, Charles II, arrived in Scotland to ascend to the throne of Scotland. That same year, the regiment became the Lyfe Guard of Foot of His Majesty King Charles II. In July that year, Oliver Cromwell, a leading figure of the English Civil War, and now leader of England, led an army into Scotland. Late that year, the Scottish Royalists, led by David Leslie, confronted Cromwell's English Army at the Battle of Dunbar. It would turn into a victory for Cromwell's Army, and resulted in over 3,000 men of Leslie's Army being killed and many thousands more captured. The following year the regiment took part in the invasion of England which was led by the newly crowned King Charles II of Scotland. The regiment took part in the Battle of Worcester which again ended in a defeat for the Royalist forces, with King Charles II subsequently fleeing to France. The regiment ceased to exist. When Oliver Cromwell died in 1658, his son Richard Cromwell succeeded him but proved to be unsuccessful and abdicated in 1659. The following year, Charles II returned to England upon the Convention Parliament declaring him to be King. In 1661, the regiment was reformed as the Scottish Regiment of Foot Guards. That same year, Archibald, 1st Marquis of Argyll who had been ordered to raise the regiment by Charles I, was executed for high treason. The regiment was used against the Covenanters in Scotland who had begun an uprising in 1666 in response to many oppressive measures taken towards them by Charles II. That same year, the regiment took part in the Battle of Rullion Green which ended in a defeat for the Covenanters. In 1679, the regiment once more confronted the Covenanters in battle, at Bothwell Brig, which also ended in a defeat for the Covenanters. A Grand Alliance In 1686, the regiment was placed on the establishment of the English Army and the word battalion was first used. In 1688, William of Orange landed in England, forcing King James II to flee England after the English Army changed sides and joined with William. The following year, William, along with his wife Mary, became joint ruler of England and Scotland. In 1688, England, along with many allies, was involved once more in a war on the continent, the War of the Grand Alliance, its adversary being its old enemy, France. The war also reached North America where both sides' colonists fought each other. The regiment saw action in the Low Countries the following year at the Battle of Walcourt, in which an Allied Army defeated the French, though defeats for the Allies would soon follow. In 1692, the regiment took part in the bloody Battle of Steenkirk. The courage and professionalism of the Allied soldiers was truly proven in that bitter battle, though it ended in a defeat for the Allies, with both sides suffering heavy losses. The following year the regiment took part in another bloody engagement, the Battle of Landen. The Allies stoutly stood their ground against the attacking French, though they could not hold forever, and French cavalry broke through the Allied defences, forcing the Allied Army to withdraw. As at Steenkirk, the battle resulted in heavy casualties for both sides. In 1695, the Guards regiments displayed unswerving courage and ferocity during the Siege of Namur, which ended in September with the Allies capturing the city, in what is now Belgium, from the French. The Guards regiments suffered heavily during the siege though constantly showed their professionalism and courage. The regiment gained its first battle honour for the Siege of Namur but their second would not come for many years. Wars of Succession In 1704, a further company was created for the regiment, a Highlander company, complete with the many traditional accoutrements of a Highlander. In 1707, England and Scotland, with the Act of Union, joined to become the Kingdom of Great Britain, with Queen Anne becoming the nation's first Monarch. In 1709, a number of years after the War of the Spanish Succession had begun, the regiment deployed to Spain and in 1710 took part in the Battle of Saragossa which ended in a victory for Great Britain against Franco-Spanish forces. That same year, the regiment took part in the Battle of Brihuega, when a British force was surprised by the enemy and defeated despite putting up a valiant fight. The war would not end until 1713 with the Treaty of Utrecht, ending the war favourably for Great Britain. Change came to the regiment when its name was changed to the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards, a name they would take into the 19th century. In 1714, the Highlander Company was disbanded. In 1740, the War of the Austrian Succession began, which pitted Great Britain and her Allies once more against France. In 1743, the regiment took part in the Battle of Dettingen. This was the last time a reigning British Monarch led an army into battle. The British and her Allies defeated the French Army which was led by the Duc de Noailles. In honour of the victory, the composer Handel wrote Dettingen Te Deum. The battle gave the regiment its second battle honour. In 1745, the regiment took part in the Battle of Fontenoy in the Austrian Netherlands between a British and Allies force and the French. The British and Allied force were under the command of the Duke of Cumberland while the French force was commanded by Maurice de Saxe. The British and their Allies, despite performing valiantly, lost the battle to the French with both sides losing many men. The battle was quite fierce, and the 3rd Foot Guards suffered quite badly, losing over 100 officers and men during the engagement. The regiment subsequently had a brief period back in Great Britain during the Second Jacobite Rebellion which was led by Bonnie Prince Charlie who claimed the throne of Great Britain, aided by France. The regiment was soon back in the Low Countries though, and in 1747 took part in the Battle of Lauffeld which ended in a defeat for Britain and her Allies who had been outnumbered by the French. The long War of the Austrian Succession would finally end the following year. Seven Years' War In 1756, war flared up once more between Great Britain and France, though this time the war would reach many parts of the world, in effect creating the first ever 'world war'. In June 1758, the 1st Battalion took part in an expedition against France, landing at Cancalle Bay on the Brittany coast. However, this first expedition was abortive and was cancelled, with the troops and ships eventually returning to Britain. A second expedition was launched in August, and British forces, including the 1st Battalion, 3rd Foot Guards, landed near the port of Cherbourg in Normandy. At the landing site, the Guards battalions dispersed a few thousand French troops who had been there to oppose the landing. The British force soon marched on Cherbourg which duly surrendered. The British subsequently destroyed many French warships as well as the port facilities at Cherbourg which would not be fully repaired for many years. They then re-embarked aboard their ships and in early September landed a few miles from St. Malo in Brittany for an assault on that port. However, the assault was deemed to be impracticable and the fleet that had landed them was forced to sail from its position to Saint-Cast due to bad weather, thus forcing the British troops to march there so that they could re-embark. On 12 September, the British rearguard, consisting of over 1000 Guards as well as the Grenadier companies of the infantry battalions, were attacked by numerically superior French troops. The rearguard stoutly defended their position but they were only delaying the inevitable and eventually they fell back, rushing to embark about the ships. The British lost several hundred men killed, wounded and captured during the engagement, including the commander of the rearguard. The 2nd Battalion also saw service abroad, being part of a Brigade of Guards force sent to Germany where they fought under the command of John Manners, Marquess of Granby. The battalion took part in the Battle of Villinghausen in 1761, in which an Allied force, under the command of Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, defeated a numerically superior French force. The following year, in June, the battalion took part in the Battle of Wilhelmsthal in which a heavily outnumbered Allied force defeated the French after some bitter fighting, of which the Guards battalions saw much of it. Later that year, the battalion took part in the Battle of the Brücke-Mühle, the battalion's last action during the Seven Years' War, which would end in 1763. Seeing the New World In 1776, the American colonists, in Philadelphia, declared their independence from Great Britain during the American War of Independence. In response, fifteen men from each company of the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards, Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guards and the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards, formed a composite battalion of Foot Guards to be sent to North America. The composite battalion was subsequently split into two battalions, with both battalions seeing action at the Battle of Brooklyn and the Battle of White Plains that same year. The following year, in September, the composite Foot Guards took part in the Battle of Brandywine. The British and their Allies, the Hessians, were slightly outnumbered by the Americans, though the British and Hessians did triumph, with both sides suffering large casualties. Later that year, both composite battalions took part in the Battle of Germantown which also ended in a British victory. In 1781, the two composite Foot Guard battalions took part in the Battle of Guilford Courthouse. The force was commanded by General Charles Cornwallis and had 1,900 troops while their American opponents numbered 4,400. The Foot Guards were in the thick of it for much of the battle with exceptional professionalism. During the course of the battle, the Foot Guards were involved in a very bitter struggle with American Dragoons after being the subject of an attack by the Dragoons from the rear. The Americans also launched a counter-attack and chaos ensued. General Cornwallis made the difficult decision to fire grapeshot into the intermingling masses of the British and American troops. While the British troops took heavy casualties from the grapeshot, the Americans were forced to withdraw. The Foot Guards suffered quite heavily, losing many men killed and wounded, their commanding officer, Brigadier Charles O'Hara of the Coldstream Guards being severely wounded. The composite Foot Guards, due to the casualties that the Guards had suffered, was reduced to a single composite battalion. Later in 1781, the composite Foot Guards took part in its last engagement, at the Battle of Yorktown, which began when Yorktown was besieged by the Americans. The British defended their positions with great courage into October, but the British commander, General Cornwallis, on 19 October, marched out, along with his army, of Yorktown to surrender to the Americans. The Foot Guards would not depart America until 1782, finally returning home to Great Britain in 1783. The composite Foot Guards were disbanded that same year and the men were returned to their previous regiments. The French Revolutionary Wars In 1789, the French Revolution began. In 1793, the First Coalition, which included Great Britain and continental European powers, was created to combat Revolutionary France. The 1st Battalion took part in the Battle of Famars on 23 May and the Siege of Valenciennes (1793) which began that same month, with the town eventually falling to the Allies in July that year. The battalion also took part in the Battle of Caesar's Camp at Bouchain and the Siege of Dunkirk which ended in September. In August 1793, the 1st Battalion, under the command of William Grinfield along with the 1st Battalions of the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards and the Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guard', took part in the Battle of Lincelles. The Guards, only just over 1000, were tasked with recaptururing the village of Lincelles from the French, over 5,000 in strength, who had re-taken it from Dutch troops. The Foot Guards advanced valiantly and professionally on the freshly captured village, coming under horrendous artillery and small-arms fire, suffering heavy casualties. The Foot Guards performed ferociously with bayonet upon storming the village, being engaged in some bitter fighting with the French, causing heavy French casualties in the process and clearing the village of the French, with the Guards capturing the village. The regiment won its third battle honour for their part in the battle. The regiment took part in further engagements in 1793, including at Lannoy. The battalion's last engagements came the following year. In 1798, the Second Coalition against Revolutionary France was formed. That same year, the 1st Battalion's light companies took part in a raid on Ostend in what is now Belgium. The raid had the objectives of destroying the lock-gates and sluices of the Bruges to Ostend canal. The expedition was supported by a bombardment from Royal Navy (RN) warships. The locks were destroyed, but due to unfavourable winds preventing re-embarkation, the 1,300 men of the army contingent under the command of Major General Coote were captured by the French. In 1799, the 1st Battalion took part in the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland, in the French puppet-state of the Batavian Republic, in what is now the Netherlands. An Anglo-Russian force took part in the campaign there, which had the intentions of restoring the exiled Dutch King, with the hope that the population of Batavia would be keen on such a move after suffering bad times economically due to France forbidding any trade with Great Britain. Shortly after the landing took place a large number of warships of the Batavian Fleet surrendered peacefully to the British. In October, the Foot Guards, along with many other regiments, were involved in the engagements of Egmont-op-Zee and Alkmaar, the latter of which ended in a British victory. In 1800, the 1st Battalion took part in the expeditions against the coastal Spanish cities of Ferrol, Vigo and Cádiz, the latter of which would become more prominent during the Peninsular War only a few years later. In 1798, France invaded Egypt intent on conquering the country, a move that would have posed danger to Great Britain's position in the Mediterranean as well as to India. The following year, Admiral Lord Nelson decimated the French fleet at the Battle of the Nile, effectively trapping the French in Egypt. In 1801, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was formed and just a few months later the 1st Battalion was part of a British Army expedition, under the command of General Sir Ralph Abercromby, to Egypt, landing at Aboukir Bay on 8 March, with the amphibious landing being very successful despite being opposed by French defenders. The battalion also took part in the Battle of Alexandria on 21 March, with the British force numbering about 14,000 and the French around 20,000. At the latter engagement, the British forces displayed much heroism and valour, with the Guards Brigade, in the center, acting in a highly professional manner against the French forces, which ended in victory for the British. The British suffered just under 1,500 killed, wounded and missing, including their commander, General Abercromby, who was mortally wounded during the battle, while the French suffered just over 4,000 casualties. Cairo and Alexandria soon afterwards, with the whole of Egypt being recaptured by late 1801. The regiment gained its fourth battle honour with the Sphinx being placed on its Colours with Egypt superscribed on it. Napoleonic War history Scots Guards 17th-century military history of Scotland 18th century in Scotland Military history of Great Britain

Laura Lee Forese is an American pediatric orthopedic surgeon and hospital administrator. She was the Executive Vice-President and COO of NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital (NYP) until 2023. Biography As an undergrad at Princeton University, Forese majored in Civil Engineering and Operations Research, but retained an interest in studying medicine. She graduated summa cum laude in 1983 and was a member of the Phi Beta Kappa honor society. She went on to study at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, graduating in 1987, and was a member of Alpha Omega Alpha. At Columbia Presbyterian, she did her internship in general surgery and her residency in orthopedic surgery. In 1993, she joined Helen Hayes Hospital and later became chief of surgery and anesthesia services She also continued as a faculty member at Columbia University. She received a Master of Public Health in Health Services Management from Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health in 1995. From 1998 to 2002, she was vice chair in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at Columbia. She joined NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital / Weill Cornell Medical Center in 2003 as the vice president of medical affairs. In 2005, she became the chief medical officer and senior vice president, and in 2006 she was also appointed the role of chief operating officer. In 2013, she became president of the NewYork-Presbyterian Healthcare System. In October 2015, following a reorganization of the group, she returned to NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell as the executive vice president and chief operating officer. In 2019, Crain’s New York Business listed Forese at number 9 on their list of fifty Most Powerful Women in New York. A 2019 salary survey indicated she was the second-highest compensated executive in the hospital with a salary of $5,286,445. In May 2022, Forese announced she was going to retire from NYP in January 2023. She was succeeded by Brian Donley. Donely, also an orthopedic surgeon, left his position of CEO of Cleveland Clinic London to join NYP. Other ventures In 2015, Forese joined the board of trustees at Princeton University, where she is serving an eight-year term. She was also on the board of directors for Cantel Medical Corporation prior to its acquisition by Steris. In 2016, a major restructuring at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, resulted in her appointment as chairman of their Research Hospital Board. In 2018, she joined the inaugural board for the Mother Cabrini Health Foundation. In 2021, she became a board member on the Shubert Organization which does theater production. She also joined the board on medical treatments company Nereid Therapeutics. Personal life She married physician Robert Downey in 1988 when they were both residents at Presbyterian Hospital. They have three children. They lived in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey. In 2016, the American Cancer Society honored her as a Mother of the Year. References Living people Date of birth missing (living people) Place of birth missing (living people) 21st-century American women physicians 21st-century American physicians American hospital administrators Princeton University School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons alumni Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health alumni 21st-century American businesswomen 21st-century American businesspeople NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital physicians American chief operating officers American women business executives Businesspeople from New York City Physicians from New York City American orthopedic surgeons American pediatric surgeons Year of birth missing (living people)

Lyman Johnson is the name of: Lyman E. Johnson (1811–1859), American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement Lyman T. Johnson (1906–1997), American educator and influential leader of racial desegregation in Kentucky See also Lyman (disambiguation)

Philip Stubbs (1665–1738) was an English churchman and author, the archdeacon of St Albans and a Fellow of the Royal Society. During his life, his sermons were published in pamphlet and book form. He was active in Christian missionary societies, and social work, founding several day schools. Life He was son of Philip Stubbs, citizen and vintner of London, and was born on 2 October 1665, during the Great Plague of London, in the parish of St Andrew Undershaft. He was educated from 1678 to 1682 at Merchant Taylors' School, and went as a commoner to Wadham College, Oxford, on 23 March 1683. In the following year he was elected scholar of the college, graduated B.A. in 1686, M.A. in 1689, became fellow in 1691, and proceeded B.D. in 1722. On taking holy orders he was appointed curate in the united parishes of St Benet Gracechurch and St Leonard Eastcheap. He was then chaplain successively to Robert Grove, bishop of Chichester, and to George Hastings, 8th Earl of Huntingdon. From 1694 to 1699 he was rector of St Mary Magdalene Woolwich in Kent (now London), and was chosen first chaplain of Greenwich Hospital, an office which he held until his death. On leaving Woolwich he was presented by the bishop of London to the rectory of St Alphage London Wall, to which was added in 1705 the parish of St James Garlickhithe. Stubbs was elected F.R.S. on 30 November 1703, and was interested in literature and archæology. Richard Steele, present one Sunday in St James Garlickhithe when Stubbs was officiating, eulogised him in The Spectator. In 1715 Stubbs was preferred to the archdeaconry of St Albans, and four years later the bishop of London collated him to the rectory of Launton, Oxfordshire. He interested himself in the education of poorer children, and he was instrumental in founding day schools in the parishes of St Alphage and St James, as well as in Bicester, near Launton. He died there on 13 September 1738, and was buried in the old burial-ground of the hospital, his tombstone being preserved in the mausoleum. Works Stubbs published separate sermons and addresses, as well as a collected volume of sermons in 1704 (8vo). His sermon, ‘God's Dominion over the Seas and the Seaman's Duty,’ preached at Longreach on board the Royal Sovereign, reached a third edition; it was also translated into French and distributed among the French seamen who were prisoners at the time. He was one of the earliest promoters of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, and drew up the first report of its proceedings in 1703. He was then selected to preach a sermon in St Paul's Cathedral on Trinity Sunday in 1711. The Queen had appointed the day for a collection for the society in the city. Stubbs sermon, ‘The Divine Mission of Gospel Ministers,’ was also later published. Finally, Stubbs took an active part in the development of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Family Stubbs married Mary Willis, daughter of John Willis, rector of West Horndon, Essex, in 1696. The couple had two surviving sons and one daughter. Mary survived her husband by twenty-one years, during which she lived in the Bromley College for clergymen's widows. She died in 1759 at the age of 95. The archdeacon's only sister, Elizabeth, married Ambrose Bonwicke, the elder, a nonjuror, and headmaster of Merchant Taylors' School. References Attribution External links Major Sermons and Addresses Book – Online Eulogy 1665 births 1738 deaths 17th-century English Anglican priests 18th-century English Anglican priests Archdeacons of St Albans Fellows of the Royal Society

Coccinella novemnotata, the nine-spotted ladybug or nine-spotted lady beetle, is a species of ladybug native to North America. The nine-spotted ladybug has been the state insect of New York since 1989, though its numbers have declined as the numbers of introduced species such as the seven-spotted ladybug and Asian lady beetle have increased. It was for some time thought extinct in New York, so in 2006, the state considered designating the pink spotted ladybug as state insect instead, but the bill did not pass the Senate. In 2006 the nine-spotted ladybug was rediscovered in Virginia (the first East Coast sighting in 14 years). In 2011, about 20 of these ladybugs were found on a farm in Amagansett, New York, the first such sighting in the state since 1982. Identification The nine-spotted ladybug can be identified by the presence of four black spots on each of its elytra, a single spot split between the elytra, and a black suture between the elytra. Its pronotum is black, with two connected white marks at the front of its head. Range C. novemnotata has historically been native in North America to the United States and southern Canada. C. novemnotata has become rare across its native range. It was once the most commonly collected coccinellid in the northeastern United States until the early 1990s with the last individuals collected for Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware between 1986 and 1988, and another collection in Maine in 1992. Another specimen would not be collected in northeastern states until 14 years later in 2006. More recently, C. novemnotata has only been collected sporadically in the Midwest and west coast of the United States. Decline Invasive coccinellid species such as Harmonia axyridis are sometimes associated with the decline of C. novemnotata, but the species was becoming rare in some areas before the introduction and population increase of invasive lady beetles. Changing agricultural habitats have also been considered as another possible explanation, but recent studies do not suggest a correlation between C. novemnotata densities and land-use change. Notes Coccinellidae Beetles of North America Beetles described in 1794 Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Herbst Symbols of New York (state)

The Commission for Looted Art in Europe is a non-profit organization, that researches looted art, and helps formulate restitution policy, for galleries, libraries, archives, and museums. It was organized in 1999. Anne Webber, and David Lewis are co-chairs. In 2011, they joined with the UK National Archives, the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, and German Federal Archives to create a single web portal, of stolen art. Recovery In 2006 the BBC foreign correspondent Sir Charles Wheeler returned an original Alessandro Allori painting to the Gemäldegalerie, Berlin. He had been given it in Germany in 1952, but only recently realized its origin and that it must have been looted in the wake of World War II. The work is possibly a portrait of Eleonora (Dianora) di Toledo de' Medici, niece of Eleonora di Toledo, and measures 12 cm × 16 cm. References External links Official website "Records Relating to Nazi-Era Cultural Property", National Archives and Records Administration http://www.lootedart.com/MKFBUO756241 Art and cultural repatriation Art crime Art history Cultural heritage of Europe Arts organizations established in 1999 Cultural organisations based in the United Kingdom

Brandon Martin Williamson (born April 2, 1998) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Cincinnati Reds of Major League Baseball (MLB). Amateur career Williamson attended Martin County West High School in Sherburn, Minnesota, and played college baseball at North Iowa Area Community College and Texas Christian University (TCU). He was drafted by the Milwaukee Brewers in the 36th round of the 2018 Major League Baseball draft out of North Iowa but did not sign and transferred to TCU. Professional career Seattle Mariners The Seattle Mariners selected Williamson in the second round of the 2019 Major League Baseball draft and he signed. Williamson made his professional debut with the Everett AquaSox, posting a 2.35 ERA over innings. Due to the cancellation of the 2020 Minor League Baseball season caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, he did not pitch for a team, but was a member of the Mariners' 60-man player pool. Williamson returned to Everett to start 2021 and was promoted to the Arkansas Travelers during the season. Over 19 starts between the two teams, he went 4–6 with a 3.39 ERA and 153 strikeouts over innings. Cincinnati Reds On March 14, 2022, the Mariners traded Williamson, Justin Dunn, Jake Fraley, and a player to be named later (Connor Phillips) to the Cincinnati Reds in exchange for Jesse Winker and Eugenio Suárez. Williamson began the 2022 season with the Double-A Chattanooga Lookouts before receiving a promotion to the Triple-A Louisville Bats later in the season. In 27 starts between the two, he worked to a 6-7 record and 4.11 ERA with 123 strikeouts in 122.2 innings pitched. After making a push for a spot in the Reds’ rotation during spring training, Williamson was optioned to Triple-A Louisville to begin the 2023 season. In 8 starts, he struggled to a 2-4 record and 6.62 ERA with 27 strikeouts. On May 15, 2023, the Reds announced that Williamson would make his debut the next day as the starting pitcher against the Colorado Rockies. References External links Living people 1998 births Arkansas Travelers players Baseball players from Minnesota Chattanooga Lookouts players Cincinnati Reds players Everett AquaSox players Louisville Bats players Major League Baseball pitchers People from Fairmont, Minnesota TCU Horned Frogs baseball players

Boost ETP is an independent boutique Exchange Traded Products (ETP) provider, based in London, United Kingdom. Boost ETP is the first asset management firm in Europe to offer 3x leveraged ETPs and 3x short ETPs. The first Boost ETP products became available on 6 December 2012 on the London Stock Exchange. History Boost ETP LLP was set up by Ian 'Hector' McNeil and Nik Bienkowski, former Managing Partners of ETF Securities. On 11 December 2012 McNeil and Bienkowski were invited to the London Stock Exchange to formally open the London markets in order to mark the launch of 20 new ETPs offered by Boost ETP. In its first year of existence Boost ETP won the ETF Express "Most Innovative European ETP Provider" for 2013. Leveraged ETFs / ETPs have been part of the investment scene in North America since ProShares introduced "Ultra ProShares" in 2006 and have since grown rapidly. Even though this was preceded by the introduction of the world's first leveraged ETFs in Sweden in 2005 by XACT the European market remained underdeveloped. The ETF market in Europe is generally seen to be five to ten years behind the American market, a theory that appears to be consistent with leveraged ETPs. Due to the offerings of companies like PowerShares and Direxion the US ETF market has a range of 3x leveraged and inverse ETFs, this is not the case in Europe. Having spotted an opportunity to create niche value Boost ETP was set up in order to satisfy European demand for 3x leveraged and short ETPs. In 2014, WisdomTree Investments acquired a majority stake (75%) in Boost ETP. WisdomTree will invested $20 million in Boost ETP to give it working capital to build out its European business. References Exchange-traded products Financial services companies based in London