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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutonium_tetrafluoride

Plutonium tetrafluoride

Plutonium tetrafluoride

English: Plutonium tetrafluoride color square

Plutonium(IV) fluoride is a chemical compound with the formula. Like all plutonium compounds, for signatories to the treaty, this salt is subject to declaration and control under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty through agreements with the International Atomic Energy Agency. There are multiple reaction paths for producing plutonium metal from this salt including reacting plutonium tetrafluoride with barium, calcium, or lithium at 1200 °C: PuF₄ + 2 Ba → 2 BaF₂ + Pu PuF₄ + 2 Ca → 2 CaF₂ + Pu PuF₄ + 4 Li → 4 LiF + Pu Plutonium tetrafluoride can appear a variety of colors depending on the grain size, purity, moisture content, lighting, and presence of contaminants. Its primary use in the United States has been as an intermediary product in the production of plutonium metal for nuclear weapons usage.

Plutonium(IV) fluoride is a chemical compound with the formula (PuF₄). Like all plutonium compounds, for signatories to the treaty, this salt is subject to declaration and control under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty through agreements with the International Atomic Energy Agency. There are multiple reaction paths for producing plutonium metal from this salt including reacting plutonium tetrafluoride with barium, calcium, or lithium at 1200 °C: PuF₄ + 2 Ba → 2 BaF₂ + Pu PuF₄ + 2 Ca → 2 CaF₂ + Pu PuF₄ + 4 Li → 4 LiF + Pu Plutonium tetrafluoride can appear a variety of colors depending on the grain size, purity, moisture content, lighting, and presence of contaminants. Its primary use in the United States has been as an intermediary product in the production of plutonium metal for nuclear weapons usage.

Plutonium tetrafluoride sample with example of one color illustrated through reference to a color standard[6]

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_crossover

Audio crossover

Audio crossover

Lizenz: Public Domain Quelle: Günther Nubert (Nubert Speaker Factory), freigegeben zur Veröffentlichung Aufnahmedatum: unbekannt

Audio crossovers are a type of electronic filter circuitry used in a range of audio applications, to split up an audio signal into two or more frequency ranges, so that the signals can be sent to drivers that are designed for different frequency ranges. Crossovers are often described as "two-way" or "three-way", which indicate, respectively, that the crossover splits a given signal into two frequency ranges or three frequency ranges. Crossovers are used in loudspeaker cabinets, power amplifiers in consumer electronics and pro audio and musical instrument amplifier products. For the latter two markets, crossovers are used in bass amplifiers, keyboard amplifiers, bass and keyboard speaker enclosures and sound reinforcement system equipment. Crossovers are used because most individual loudspeaker drivers are incapable of covering the entire audio spectrum from low frequencies to high frequencies with acceptable relative volume and absence of distortion. Most hi-fi speaker systems and sound reinforcement system speaker cabinets use a combination of multiple loudspeaker drivers, each catering to a different frequency band.

Audio crossovers are a type of electronic filter circuitry used in a range of audio applications, to split up an audio signal into two or more frequency ranges, so that the signals can be sent to drivers that are designed for different frequency ranges. Crossovers are often described as "two-way" or "three-way", which indicate, respectively, that the crossover splits a given signal into two frequency ranges or three frequency ranges. Crossovers are used in loudspeaker cabinets, power amplifiers in consumer electronics (hi-fi, home cinema sound and car audio) and pro audio and musical instrument amplifier products. For the latter two markets, crossovers are used in bass amplifiers, keyboard amplifiers, bass and keyboard speaker enclosures and sound reinforcement system equipment (PA speakers, monitor speakers, subwoofer systems, etc.). Crossovers are used because most individual loudspeaker drivers are incapable of covering the entire audio spectrum from low frequencies to high frequencies with acceptable relative volume and absence of distortion. Most hi-fi speaker systems and sound reinforcement system speaker cabinets use a combination of multiple loudspeaker drivers, each catering to a different frequency band. A standard simple example is in hi-fi and PA system cabinets that contain a woofer for low and mid frequencies and a tweeter for high frequencies. Since a sound signal source, be it recorded music from a CD player or a live band's mix from an audio console has all of the low, mid and high frequencies combined, a crossover circuit is used to split the audio signal into separate frequency bands that can be separately routed to loudspeakers, tweeters or horns optimized for those frequency bands. Active crossovers are distinguished from passive crossovers in that whereas passive crossovers split up an amplified signal coming from one power amplifier so that it can be sent to two or more drivers (e.g., a woofer and a very low frequency subwoofer, or a woofer and a tweeter), an active crossover splits up audio signal prior to amplification, so that it can be sent to two or more power amplifiers, each of which is connected to a separate driver type. Home cinema 5.1 surround sound audio systems use a crossover which separates out the low-frequency signal, so that it can be sent to a subwoofer, and then sends the mid- and high-range frequencies to five speakers which are placed around the listener; in a typical application, the signals sent to the surround speaker cabinets are further split up with a passive crossover into a low/mid-range woofer and a high range tweeter. Active crossovers come in both digital and analog varieties. Digital active crossovers often include additional signal processing, such as limiting, delay, and equalization. Signal crossovers allow the audio signal to be split into bands that are processed separately before they are mixed together again. Some examples are multiband dynamics (compression, limiting, de-essing), multiband distortion, bass enhancement, high frequency exciters, and noise reduction such as Dolby A noise reduction.

A passive 2-way crossover designed to operate at loudspeaker voltages

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheyenne_Mountain_State_Park

Cheyenne Mountain State Park

Cheyenne Mountain State Park

English: Cheyenne Mountain State Park in El Paso County, Colorado. The photo shows the sign at the park's entrance on JL Ranch Heights Road (also called State Park Road) in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

Cheyenne Mountain State Park is a Colorado state park that was acquired in June 2000 through a partnership between the City of Colorado Springs, Colorado State Parks, Great Outdoors Colorado, Colorado Lottery, El Paso County, and other local private organizations.

Cheyenne Mountain State Park is a Colorado state park that was acquired in June 2000 through a partnership between the City of Colorado Springs, Colorado State Parks, Great Outdoors Colorado (GOCO), Colorado Lottery, El Paso County, and other local private organizations.

The park's entrance sign and Cheyenne Mountain.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Stump

Black Stump

Merriwagga / Gunbar, NSW

Black Stump / Etymology / Merriwagga / Gunbar, NSW

English: Black Stop Monument at Merriwagga, New South Wales

The Australian expression 'black stump' is the name for an imaginary point beyond which the country is considered remote or uncivilised, an abstract marker of the limits of established settlement. The origin of the expression, especially in its evolved use as an imaginary marker in the landscape, is contested. The various claims are discussed below. The term "Black stump" was used as land markers on a surveyors plan and was first referred to as a boundary marker in a New South Wales court case involving a land law dispute. See R v West [1831] NSWSupC 66. The case refers to vacant land at Woolloomooloo where a surveyor had difficulty in ascertaining the boundaries as he could not find a plan from the days of Governor Lachlan Macquarie. In the case it stated, "...and he pointed to some old stumps, which he said had been marked...defendant would not admit that the cross line marked by me on the plan was not part of his boundary...he said it ran to a black stump beyond the line, which he said had been marked...; he said the line was to run somewhere thereabouts; utmost extent claimed by defendant was the black stump of which I have spoken...made no claims beyond South Head road..."

The village of Merriwagga and nearby community of Gunbar, in the Riverina district of New South Wales, have strong claims to the origin of the expression 'black stump'. Gunbar cemetery is the burial-place of Mrs. Barbara Blain, the woman whose accidental death in March 1886 possibly gave rise to the term. Barbara Blain's husband, James, was a carrier or teamster, based at Hay. In March 1886 James and Barbara Blain, in company with other carriers, stopped to camp at a pine ridge on "Gunbar" station. James and the other men left to load posts onto their drays and Barbara began preparations for the evening meal. When they returned, the men found Mrs. Blain had been fatally burnt, probably after her dress had caught alight from the flames of the camp-fire. Barbara Blain was buried at nearby Gunbar cemetery and an inquest into her death was subsequently held. James Blain apparently stated that when he found his wife she "looked like a black stump" (possibly as part of his evidence at the inquest). A watering place near where the tragedy occurred – roughly halfway between Gunbar and the village of Merriwagga – became known as Black Stump Tank. The Black Stump Picnic area at Merriwagga has a waggon and memorial stone (33.8170°S 145.6227°E), with an inscription which explains the details of these events.

Black stump monument at Merriwagga

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Midlands_(European_Parliament_constituency)

West Midlands (European Parliament constituency)

West Midlands (European Parliament constituency)

West Midlands was a constituency of the European Parliament. It is represented by seven MEPs using the D'Hondt method of party-list proportional representation. In 2009, the constituency was reduced to six seats, but also elected a "virtual MEP" who took her seat in the Parliament when the Treaty of Lisbon came into effect. The constituency was represented by seven MEPs prior to the 2009 election, until the UK exit from the European Union on 31 January 2020.

West Midlands was a constituency of the European Parliament. It is represented by seven MEPs using the D'Hondt method of party-list proportional representation. In 2009, the constituency was reduced to six seats, but also elected a "virtual MEP" who took her seat in the Parliament when the Treaty of Lisbon came into effect. The constituency was represented by seven MEPs prior to the 2009 election, until the UK exit from the European Union on 31 January 2020.

Shown within England

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_upright_bass

Electric upright bass

Types

Electric upright bass / Types

Dean Pace 4 string upright bass. Taken by Light Current 28 Dec 2005 using Olympus C745 UltraZoom camera. All copyright surrendered. Any suggestions on down compression gratefully rcd! --Light current 00:47, 28 December 2005 (UTC)

The electric upright bass is an instrument that can perform the musical function of a double bass. It requires only a minimal or 'skeleton' body to produce sound because it uses a pickup and electronic amplifier and loudspeaker. Therefore, a large resonating structure is not required to project the sound into the air. This minimal body greatly reduces the bulk and weight of the instrument. EUBs must always be connected to an amplifier and speaker cabinet to produce an adequate audible sound. The EUB retains enough of the features of the double bass so that double bass players are able to perform on it.

There are many varieties of EUBs available at present. Some EUBs cannot be used with a bow because of the large radius of the fingerboard and the flatness of the bridge. These types are therefore solely used for pizzicato playing. Other EUBs have a curved bridge which permits a bow to be used. While EUBs are often four-stringed, 5, 6, 7, and 8-string models are available. As well, solid, hollow and 'floating top' configurations are made. While hollow and 'floating top' models produce a more resonant tone, they are also more prone to feedback; as such, solid-body EUBs may be the best choice for bassists who play in loud styles, such as jam bands or metal fusion groups.

Dean Pace 4 string EUB

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top_o%27Selside

Top o'Selside

Top o'Selside

English: Arnsbarrow Tarn

Top o'Selside is a hill in the Lake District in Cumbria, England. At 335 metres, it is the highest point of the group of hills situated between Coniston Water and Windermere. This group also includes the Wainwright of Black Fell and the summits of Black Brows and Rusland Heights. Top o'Selside lies not in the centre of this region, but in the south-western corner, just outside the forestry plantations of Grizedale Forest and only two-thirds of a mile from the eastern shore of Coniston Water. This large separation from any higher ground gives it enough relative height to make it a Marilyn.

Top o'Selside is a hill in the Lake District in Cumbria, England. At 335 metres (1,099 ft), it is the highest point of the group of hills situated between Coniston Water and Windermere. This group also includes the Wainwright of Black Fell and the summits of Black Brows and Rusland Heights. Top o'Selside lies not in the centre of this region, but in the south-western corner, just outside the forestry plantations of Grizedale Forest and only two-thirds of a mile from the eastern shore of Coniston Water. This large separation from any higher ground gives it enough relative height to make it a Marilyn.

The summit behind Arnsbarrow Tarn

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filet_crochet

Filet crochet

Filet crochet

Filet Crochet table runner

Filet crochet is a type of crocheted fabric. This type of crocheted lace is gridlike because it uses only two crochet stitches: the chain stitch and the double crochet stitch. Old filet patterns used a treble or triple stitch vertically but chained two between the vertical stitches. This was to prevent distortion of some patterns. Chain stitches use less yarn than double crochet stitches, which results in a visual difference in appearance between the two kinds of stitch. Filet crochet forms patterns by filling in parts of a mostly chain stitch mesh with double crochet stitches. Filet crochet is usually constructed from monotone crochet thread made of Mercerised cotton in white or ecru, and worked in rows. Filet crochet is used for decorative applications such as window curtains, tablecloths, and place settings such as coasters and placemats. Filet crochet is most often worked from a graph or a symbol diagram. Patterns are created by combining solid and open meshes, usually working the design in solid meshes and the background in open meshes. The size of the space is determined by the number of chain stitches between each double stitch.

Filet crochet is a type of crocheted fabric. This type of crocheted lace is gridlike because it uses only two crochet stitches: the chain stitch and the double crochet stitch (U.S. terminology; known in some other countries as chain stitch and treble). Old filet patterns used a treble or triple stitch vertically but chained two between the vertical stitches. This was to prevent distortion of some patterns. Chain stitches use less yarn than double crochet stitches, which results in a visual difference in appearance between the two kinds of stitch. Filet crochet forms patterns by filling in parts of a mostly chain stitch mesh with double crochet stitches. Filet crochet is usually constructed from monotone crochet thread made of Mercerised cotton in white or ecru, and worked in rows. Filet crochet is used for decorative applications such as window curtains, tablecloths, and place settings such as coasters and placemats. Filet crochet is most often worked from a graph or a symbol diagram. Patterns are created by combining solid and open meshes, usually working the design in solid meshes and the background in open meshes. The size of the space is determined by the number of chain stitches between each double stitch. Filet crochet may also be worked by alternating chain stitches with another type of crochet stitch such as (U.S. terminology) half double or triple crochet, and may be worked from yarn instead of thread.

Filet crochet

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgh_and_Dalkeith_Railway

Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway

"The Innocent Railway"

Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway / "The Innocent Railway"

English: Description: A painted cast iron sign indicating The Innocent Railway Source: Taken by Neil Mackenzie on a K700i mobile phone Date: November 2006 Location: Duddingston Road junction with the The Innocent Railway cyclepath, Edinburgh, Scotland. Author: Neil Mackenzie Permission: This a snap I created myself and release to the public domain

The Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway was an early railway built to convey coal from pits in the vicinity of Dalkeith into the capital. It was a horse-operated line, with a terminus at St Leonards on the south side of Arthur's Seat. Opened in stages from 1831, it was Edinburgh's first railway, and used the track gauge of 4 ft 6 in, commonly used for mineral railways in Scotland. The entry into the terminus involved a passage through a tunnel on a rope-worked incline. It was not planned for passengers, but a trader operated passenger services and they were surprisingly successful, and the company later operated them itself. When intercity railways were being planned, the North British Railway wished to reach Carlisle from Edinburgh, and it purchased the Dalkeith line in 1845 to secure part of the route. The new owners altered the gauge to the standard 4 ft ​8 ¹⁄₂ in and laid stronger track for locomotive operation. Part of its main line became incorporated into the Waverley Route. Only a small section of the network remains open.

A tablet has been erected naming the railway "The Innocent Railway" on the basis that the line never suffered a fatal accident. Thomas explains: Dr Robert Chalmers, reflecting on the E & D trains jogging their leisurely and profitable way round the southern outskirts of Edinburgh and comparing them with trains on more sophisticated railways wrote, 'In the very contemplation of the innocence of the railway you find your heart rejoiced. Only think of a railway having a board at all the stations forbidding the drivers to stop by the way to feed their horses!' The name The Innocent Railway entered the history books and the legend grew that the line was so called because it never killed or injured a passenger. In fact injuries, whether to passengers alighting from trains in motion or to pointsboys taking chances at loops were numerous; the manager himself got a leg injury that left him with a limp for life. Robertson says: Its familiar and affectionate soubriquet of the "Innocent Railway" was not due, unless inaccurately, to the legend that no-one was ever killed on it, but rather to an air of old-fashioned unreality which stood by the leisurely horse-drawn tradition long after it had been abandoned elsewhere. Robert Chalmers, who coined the nickname, gently enjoyed himself at its expense: By the Innocent Railway you never feel in the least jeopardy; your journey is one of incident and adventure; you can examine the crops as you go along; you have time to hear the news from your companions; and the by-play of the officials is a source of never-failing amusement. Robertson goes on to observe that a driver was killed in 1840 and two children were killed in 1843 and 1844, citing Parliamentary Papers 1841, 1843 and 1846. Munro has discovered another explanation: "The Company soon became known as the 'innocent Railway' because it did not issue tickets to travellers. At a Board of Enquiry the manager, Mr Rankine, explained that this was because the passengers could not, or would not, make up their minds as to their destination." A public information plaque at the entrance to the path states that, You are standing on one of Scotland's pioneering Railways. The Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway was nicknamed "The Innocent Railway" because it was originally horse-drawn in an age which thought steam engines dangerous. It was built to transport coal from the Dalkeith area to Auld Reekie. To the surprise of the promoters, however, the public rapidly took to this convenient novelty and soon 300,000 passengers were carried annually. Thereafter, passengers became as important as freight to the railways. Open carriages, wagons and converted stagecoaches were the first rolling stock. Among its engineering features were an early tunnel, a cast iron beam bridge and an outstanding timber viaduct on masonry piers. The first two still survive. The viaduct at Thornybank, Dalkeith was finally demolished in the 1960s.

A sign marking the Innocent Railway

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothea_of_Brandenburg

Dorothea of Brandenburg

Dorothea of Brandenburg

Dorothea of Brandenburg was Queen of Denmark, Queen of Norway and Queen of Sweden by her marriages to King Christopher III and King Christian I. She served as interim regent during the interregnum in 1448, and as regent in the absence of her second spouse during his reign. She was the mother of two future kings of Denmark: John, King of Denmark who reigned from 1481 until 1513; Frederick I of Denmark who reigned from 1523 until 1533.

Dorothea of Brandenburg (1430/1431 – 10 November 1495) was Queen of Denmark (1445–1448 and 1449–1481), Queen of Norway (1445–1448 and 1450–1481) and Queen of Sweden (1447–1448 and 1457–1464) by her marriages to King Christopher III and King Christian I. She served as interim regent during the interregnum in 1448, and as regent in the absence of her second spouse during his reign. She was the mother of two future kings of Denmark: John, King of Denmark who reigned from 1481 until 1513; Frederick I of Denmark who reigned from 1523 until 1533.

Contemporary portrait in Frederiksborg Castle, Hillerød

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brownston_House

Brownston House

Brownston House

English: The brick built house dates from 1720 and is Grade I listed, as is also the forecourt wall. The house was built for Francis Merewether, High Sheriff of Wiltshire in the early 18th century.

Brownston House is a Grade I listed building at Devizes, Wiltshire, England, dating from the beginning of the 18th century.

Brownston House is a Grade I listed building at Devizes, Wiltshire, England, dating from the beginning of the 18th century.

Brownston House, Devizes

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Enr%C3%ADquez_(privateer)

Miguel Enríquez (privateer)

Miguel Enríquez (privateer)

English: Drawing of Don Miguel Enríquez (c. 1674–1743),

D. Miguel Enríquez, was a privateer from San Juan, Puerto Rico who operated during the early 18th century. A mulatto born out of wedlock, Enríquez was a shoemaker by occupation. After working for the governor as a salesman he was recruited to defend Puerto Rico, then a colony of the Spanish Empire, and commanded a small fleet that intercepted foreign merchant ships and other vessels dedicated to contraband. These outlaws were thriving in the waters of the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, notably in the areas surrounding Saint Thomas, Curaçao and Jamaica. Operating during the height of the Golden Age of Piracy, his fleet was also credited with controlling the proliferation of buccaneers in the region. However, he was considered a pirate himself by the enemies of Spain, since it was common practice of the government to ignore when foreign ships were attacked. After some time operating independently, Enríquez received a letter of marque and reprisal from the Spanish Crown, this was a special permit granting him the privileges of a privateer. Corsairs from Puerto Rico were often called guardacostas, or "coast guards."

D. Miguel Enríquez (c. 1674–1743), was a privateer from San Juan, Puerto Rico who operated during the early 18th century. A mulatto born out of wedlock, Enríquez was a shoemaker by occupation. After working for the governor as a salesman he was recruited to defend Puerto Rico, then a colony of the Spanish Empire, and commanded a small fleet that intercepted foreign merchant ships and other vessels dedicated to contraband. These outlaws were thriving in the waters of the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, notably in the areas surrounding Saint Thomas, Curaçao and Jamaica. Operating during the height of the Golden Age of Piracy, his fleet was also credited with controlling the proliferation of buccaneers in the region. However, he was considered a pirate himself by the enemies of Spain, since it was common practice of the government to ignore when foreign ships were attacked. After some time operating independently, Enríquez received a letter of marque and reprisal from the Spanish Crown, this was a special permit granting him the privileges of a privateer. Corsairs from Puerto Rico were often called guardacostas, or "coast guards." They operated in the same fashion as any other pirate, the only difference was that they did it in the name of Spain, protecting imperial trade restrictions. Employing a systematic approach, Enríquez was able to become the most successful and influential Puerto Rican of his time. However, despite this, he was never able to gain the acceptance of the higher social classes, something that he strived to earn throughout his life. During his years as a privateer, Enríquez established close links with the Spanish Monarchy. His ships were also responsible for the distribution of urgent messages that arrived at San Juan or La Aguada to the rest of the West Indies. When there was a shortage of royal vessels, Enríquez's fleet was responsible for transporting items on behalf of Spain without charge. His fleet also provided transportation for the authorities that arrived at Puerto Rico en route to other locations and for missionaries. Throughout the War of the Spanish Succession, Enríquez's fleet was responsible for guarding the Antilles from incursions by the British and Dutch. Among the places where he established connections was the adjacent island of St. Thomas. Enríquez also dealt directly with the governor of Curaçao. At a time when letters of marque were being regularly issued in neighboring islands his actions converted San Juan into one of the most important ports in the Caribbean. Between 1702 and 1713 Enríquez owned a fleet of more than thirty vessels, losing at least a dozen and capturing more than twenty others. By the time that his career was over, he had reportedly commanded a fleet of over 300 privateer ships, of which approximately 150 were lost, employing close to 1,500 sailors. In 1717, Great Britain occupied the island of Vieques which was under the control of the Spanish Government of Puerto Rico. According to the British government, they did not recognize the Spanish claim to the island which they referred to as "Crab Island". Enríquez, with the consent of the government, organized an expeditionary force which consisted of two ships with seven members of the regular Spanish Army and 286 members of the Puerto Rican militia. The ships were escorted by a Spanish warship under the command of Naval Commander José Rocher. Enríquez's men fought and defeated the British in Vieques, taking most of their enemy to the mainland of Puerto Rico as their prisoners. He was received as a national hero when he returned the island of Vieques to the Spanish Empire and to the governorship of Puerto Rico. The British government became alarmed and sent a warship to San Juan. Further confrontation between both nations was avoided when the Spanish authorities returned the prisoners. His fleet also participated in other military expeditions in 1728 and 1729. Enríquez received several recognitions and exemptions that facilitated his work and contributed towards his vast wealth. Under the order of King Philip

Capt. Miguel Enríquez

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Luck

Andrew Luck

2018 season: Final season

Andrew Luck / Professional career / 2018 season: Final season

Andrew Luck of the Indianapolis Colts during a game against the Washington Redskins at FedExField on September 16, 2018 in Landover, Maryland.

Andrew Austen Luck is a former American football quarterback who played all seven years of his professional career with the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League. He played college football for the Stanford Cardinal, where he won the Maxwell Award and Walter Camp Award as college football's player of the year and was twice recognized as an All-American. He was the runner-up for the Heisman Trophy in both 2010 and 2011, and was named the Offensive Player of the Year in the Pac-12 Conference in both 2010 and 2011. CBS Sports draft analyst Rob Rang called Luck the best prospect he had ever scouted, while the Kansas City Star put him in line with LeBron James and Bryce Harper as "the most hyped amateurs in recent sports memory." Although widely projected as the first overall selection in the 2011 NFL Draft, Luck decided to return to Stanford for his redshirt junior season. A year later, he was selected first overall in the 2012 NFL Draft. In his first three professional seasons, Luck led the Colts to three playoff appearances including two AFC South division titles in 2013 and 2014, also earning a Pro Bowl selection in each season.

Luck started Week 1 on September 9, 2018 against the Cincinnati Bengals, his first game in 616 days. He had 319 passing yards, two touchdowns and an interception, and set a career-high in completions with 39, but the Colts lost 34–23. In Week 3 against the Philadelphia Eagles, with the Colts down 20–16 with seconds left in the game, Luck, who had thrown for just 164 yards in the game, was replaced by backup Jacoby Brissett to attempt a Hail Mary pass from his own 46-yard line. Brissett overthrew several players in the back of the end zone and the Colts lost the game. The move was questioned by some journalists and fans, and led to some speculation about the health of Luck's shoulder, although head coach Frank Reich and Luck both said it was purely because Brissett had a stronger throwing arm. The following week against the Houston Texans, Luck threw for four touchdowns and career-highs in completions (40), attempts (62) and yards (464). He led the Colts back from down 28–10 in the third quarter, including a game-tying two point conversion with :51 left. However the team lost in overtime, 37–34, after Indianapolis failed to convert a 4th and 4 on their own 43 and the Texans kicked the game-winning field goal. In Week 5, on Thursday Night Football against the New England Patriots, he was 38-of-59 for 365 passing yards, three touchdowns, and two interceptions as the Colts fell 38–24. Luck's 121 passing attempts in Weeks 4–5 were the most over a two-game span in NFL history. In Week 6, against the New York Jets, he had 301 passing yards, four touchdowns, and three interceptions in the 42–34 loss. After the 1–5 start to the season, Luck and the Colts went on a five-game winning streak. In Week 7, he passed for 156 yards and four touchdowns in a 37–5 victory over the Buffalo Bills. In the next two games, victories over the Oakland Raiders and Jacksonville Jaguars, he passed for three touchdowns in both games. In Week 11, Luck completed 23 of 29 passes for 297 yards and three touchdowns, posting a 143.8 passer rating, in a 38–10 win over the Titans, earning him AFC Offensive Player of the Week. In a Week 12 27–24 victory over the Miami Dolphins, Luck had his eight consecutive game with at least three passing touchdowns. In Week 16, Luck led a double-digit comeback against the New York Giants, the 21st fourth quarter comeback of his career, throwing a go-ahead score to Chester Rogers with 55 seconds left, and winning 28–27. The win put the Colts in position for a chance to earn a Wild Card playoff berth the following week in their matchup with the Titans. Luck also set a new in single-season completions in the game, passing his previous mark of 380 in 2014. The Colts defeated the Titans, earning a Wild Card berth and end the season winning nine of ten games. Luck finished his first season back from injury with 4,593 passing yards, 39 touchdowns, and 15 interceptions. Luck and the Colts upset the AFC South division champion Houston Texans in the Wild Card Round by a score of 21–7. In the victory, Luck passed for 222 yards, two touchdowns, and one interception. In the Divisional Round, the Colts faced off against the AFC West champion Kansas City Chiefs. In what ended up being his final game, Luck passed for 203 yards and one touchdown, but the Colts fell to the Chiefs by a score of 31–13. At the completion of the season, Luck was named to the fourth Pro Bowl of his career, as well as being given the National Football League Comeback Player of the Year Award by the Pro Football Writers Association.

Luck passing against the Redskins in 2018

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liujiang_man

Liujiang man

Liujiang man

Taken at the David H. Koch Hall of Human Origins at the Smithsonian Natural History Museum. www.ideonexus.com

The Liujiang men are among the earliest modern humans found in East Asia. Their remains were discovered in the Tongtianyan Cave in Liujiang, Guangxi, China. The remains were excavated in 1958. The remains consist of a well-preserved adult cranium, a right innominate, complete sacrum, multiple vertebrae, and two femoral fragments. All remains are believed to belong to one individual. Very little is known about the specimen due to a lack of academic sources published within the United States. There seems to be a discrepancy in determining accurate dates of the specimen due to the unknown stratigraphic context in which the remains were found. The remains are dated to the Late Pleistocene, most likely to about 67,000 years ago. High rates of variability yielded by various dating techniques carried out by different researchers place the most widely accepted range of dates with 67,000 BP as a minimum, but does not rule out dates as old as 159,000 BP. Any date prior to 50,000 years ago is surprising, as it would seem to predate the "recent dispersal" scenario of coastal migration.

The Liujiang men (Chinese: 柳江人) are among the earliest modern humans (Homo sapiens) found in East Asia. Their remains were discovered in the Tongtianyan Cave (通天岩) in Liujiang, Guangxi, China. The remains were excavated in 1958. The remains consist of a well-preserved adult cranium, a right innominate (hip bone), complete sacrum, multiple vertebrae, and two femoral fragments. All remains are believed to belong to one individual. Very little is known about the specimen due to a lack of academic sources published within the United States. There seems to be a discrepancy in determining accurate dates of the specimen due to the unknown stratigraphic context in which the remains were found. The remains are dated to the Late Pleistocene, most likely to about 67,000 years ago. High rates of variability yielded by various dating techniques carried out by different researchers place the most widely accepted range of dates with 67,000 BP as a minimum, but does not rule out dates as old as 159,000 BP. Any date prior to 50,000 years ago is surprising, as it would seem to predate the "recent dispersal" scenario of coastal migration ("Out of Africa II"). The remains have been considered in the context of a possible early dispersal which left Africa before 100,000 years ago, but which was extinct (or "retracted back to Africa") before the arrival of the "recent dispersal" wave.

From the National Museum of Natural History

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivi%C3%A8re-%C3%A0-Pierre_station

Rivière-à-Pierre station

Rivière-à-Pierre station

English: CN Riviere-a-Pierre, PQ 0n October 13, 1971. Riviere-a-Pierre, PQ is about 90 km west and a little north of Quebec City. A Roger Puta Photograph.

Rivière-à-Pierre station is a railway station in Rivière-à-Pierre, Quebec, Canada. It serves Via Rail's Montreal–Jonquière train. It is located on Rue Principale, and is staffed.

Rivière-à-Pierre station is a railway station in Rivière-à-Pierre, Quebec, Canada. It serves Via Rail's Montreal–Jonquière train. It is located on Rue Principale (Main Street), and is staffed.

The station in 1971.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioShock_2:_Minerva%27s_Den

BioShock 2: Minerva's Den

Development

BioShock 2: Minerva's Den / Development

English: From the left: Kate Craig, Steve Gaynor, Johnnemann Nordhagen and Karla Zimonja from the Fullbright Company during the Game Developers Choice Awards 2014.

Four smiling people (three women and one man) stand in front of a podium. Behind them is a large blue screen with the words THE FULLBRIGHT COMPANY projected across it.

BioShock 2: Minerva's Den is a single-player downloadable content campaign for the 2010 first-person shooter game BioShock 2, developed by 2K Marin and published by 2K Games. The player assumes the role of Subject Sigma, an armored human or "Big Daddy"; Sigma must travel through Minerva's Den, the technological hub of the underwater city of Rapture, to download a schematic of the city's supercomputer. Gameplay is similar to that of BioShock 2, with new enemies and weapons. Minerva's Den was created by a small team within 2K Marin led by Steve Gaynor, who partly based the setting on ideas he discussed in his hiring interview. The team decided upon a small, personal story about identity and free will, which explores an unseen part of the underwater city of Rapture. Minerva's Den was initially released for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles in August 2010, and was later released and reissued on other platforms. It was well received by critics, who praised its story, characters, and gameplay; reviewers, including those writing for Kotaku and Paste, considered it one of the best video game expansions of all time.

Development of the Minerva's Den downloadable content (DLC) began after the completion of BioShock 2. Steve Gaynor and a team of nine other full-time workers were tasked with creating a three-to-five-hour, single-player experience; Gaynor served as lead designer, having worked as a level designer for BioShock 2 and on story elements such as dialogue and audio diaries—scattered logs that reveal backstory while players explore. The names of the development team were given to slugs scattered around the game's levels as an Easter egg. The development team were limited in what form the DLC could take and had to reuse as many assets as possible; Gaynor recalled the constraints of limited time and resources was a blessing in disguise. Though many companies would treat DLC as a "cash grab" with less development time and lowered expectations, Gaynor felt these constraints also enabled more creative risks to be taken. With such a small team, the staff collaborated without remaining in segregated roles; according to Gaynor, "It has to be organic as possible, and when someone has something that's not necessarily their primary responsibility but they have a passion for it and ideas for it ... I think you have to take advantage of that". While being interviewed for his job at 2K Marin, Gaynor had been asked to propose a potential BioShock level. Gaynor recalled suggesting a story focusing on Rapture's computer core and a character splicing to become more intelligent. During BioShock 2's development, the level designers suggested the possibility that technology from Rapture created a primitive artificial intelligence (A.I.) that would lead to the development of SHODAN, an A.I. that appears in the video game System Shock. When developing ideas for what would become Minerva's Den, Gaynor suggested merging the ideas, using a story about Rapture's computer core and a "steampunk" A.I., drawing from SHODAN's multiple identities and impersonations. Gaynor wanted the content to fit both the world of BioShock and the historical era in which it takes place. When the developers decided to focus on Rapture's computer technology, they based it on the early computing age spurred by work done during World War II, including the work of Alan Turing and the cryptographers at Bletchley Park. Gaynor reasoned that Rapture advanced using genetic technology, but the residents of Rapture explored other technological dead ends, including areas devoted to robotics and automation in Minerva's Den. Contrasting the long development and narrative of the main game with those of Minerva's Den, Gaynor said that he enjoyed the opportunity to tell a shorter story where players understood the characters. According to Gaynor: We could take the themes of BioShock that are native to Rapture and make them relevant to the specific fiction of Minerva's Den. When you have a super computer that can do a million calculations a second, how does that fit into the ideas of free will and predestination and fate, and choice, that BioShock is built on? Gaynor wanted to adapt the grand themes of BioShock to tell a different story about loss and changing the past that focused on a single character, Porter, who forms the "heart" of the game. Gaynor felt the final gameplay sequence, in which the player walks through Porter's living space, was important to give players time to reflect on the character's journey. He resisted calls to make the interesting environment a place for combat. To prevent players of BioShock 2 from feeling Minerva's Den's gameplay was repetitive, 2K Marine tried to present a different experience within the narrative's constraints. Shadowy level design and more dangerous enemies were crafted to give a subtle survival horror feel; the team also adjusted the order in which players receive equipment and plasmids to encourage them to interact with the environment, rather than simply using aggression.

Steve Gaynor (second from left), Karla Zimonja, and Johnnemann Nordhagen were members of the team that developed Minerva's Den

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levee_(ceremony)

Levee (ceremony)

Première entrée

Levee (ceremony) / Louis XIV's lever / Première entrée

The levee was traditionally a daily moment of intimacy and accessibility to a monarch or leader. It started out as a royal custom, but, in British America, it later came to refer to a reception by the king’s representatives and, even later, by the president.

When the King had them recalled, now accompanied by those who had the lesser privilege of the première entrée, his process of dressing began. Louis preferred to dress himself "for he did almost everything himself, with address and grace", Saint-Simon remarked. The King was handed a dressing-gown, and a mirror was held for him, for he had no toilet table like ordinary gentlemen. Every other day the King shaved himself. Now, other privileged courtiers were admitted, a few at a time, at each stage, so that, as the King was putting on his shoes and stockings, "everyone" — in Saint-Simon's view — was there. This was the entrée de la chambre, which included the king's readers and the director of the Menus Plaisirs, that part of the royal establishment in charge of all preparations for ceremonies, events and festivities, to the last detail of design and order. At the entrée de la chambre were admitted the Grand Aumônier and the Marshal of France and the king's ministers and secretaries. A fifth entrée now admitted ladies for the first time, and a sixth entrée admitted, from a privileged position at a cramped backdoor, the king's children, legitimate and illegitimate indiscriminately — in scandalous fashion Saint-Simon thought — and their spouses. The crowd in the chambre du Roi can be estimated from Saint-Simon's remark of the King's devotions, which followed: the King knelt at his bedside "where all the clergy present knelt, the cardinals without cushions, all the laity remaining standing". The King then passed into the cabinet where all those who possessed any court office attended him. He then announced what he expected to do that day and was left alone with those among his favourites of the royal children born illegitimately (whom he had publicly recognised and legitimated) and a few favourites, with the valets. These were less pressing moments to discuss projects with the King, who parcelled out his attention with strict regard for the current standing of those closest to him.

Le Lever, engraving by Louis Romanet (1742–1810), after Sigmund Freudenberg (1745-1801)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsenborn_Camp_Railway

Elsenborn Camp Railway

Elsenborn Camp Railway

English: Narrow gauge railway in Camp d'ElsenbornDeutsch: Schmalspurbahn sowie Post- und Telegrafenamt des Lagers, dahinter das Lagergefängnis. Rechts der Endstationsschuppen, der nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg Hauptsitz der Kommandatur wurde.

The Elsenborn Camp Railway was a 3.2 km long 600 mm gauge railway line which connected the Elsenborn Camp near Elsenborn with Sourbrodt railway station on the standard gauge Vennbahn in Belgium from 1901 to 1939.

The Elsenborn Camp Railway was a 3.2 km (2.0 mi) long 600 mm (1 ft 11 ⁵⁄₈ in) gauge railway line which connected the Elsenborn Camp near Elsenborn with Sourbrodt railway station on the standard gauge Vennbahn in Belgium from 1901 to 1939.

Brigade steam locomotives in the 1920s Het Regiment Spoorwegtroepen bij de exploitatie van het smalspoornet in het Kamp van Elsenborn.jpg Regiment Spoorweg troops on a narrow gauge waggon Elsenborn Camp Railway superimposed onto old maps.jpg Route from Elsenborn Camp to Sourbrodt on the standard gauge Vennbahn

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_Tango_in_Halifax

Last Tango in Halifax

Characters and casting

Last Tango in Halifax / Production / Characters and casting

Derek Jacobi on stage performing "A Voyage Round My Father" in Wyndham's Theatre, London

Last Tango in Halifax is a British comedy-drama series that began broadcasting on BBC One on 20 November 2012. Screenwriter Sally Wainwright loosely adapted the story of her mother's second marriage. The series stars Derek Jacobi and Anne Reid as Alan and Celia. The series has been praised for its depiction of the older generation, strong acting, and believable dialogue. A critic for The Daily Telegraph summarised the series as "a triumph against TV's ageism", and it has been endorsed by an executive member of the charity Age UK. Ahead of the American premiere, Los Angeles Times critic Mary McNamara described it as "the best new show of the fall". Last Tango in Halifax accrued four nominations for the 2013 British Academy Television Awards and won the British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series.

Discussing the casting of Derek Jacobi and Anne Reid, Wainwright stated: "we went for the best and we got them". The Guardian felt that one of the series' successes was the unlikely casting of a "theatrical knight" (Jacobi) and a "TV Stalwart" (Reid). Jacobi was surprised to be offered the role of Alan; as his reputation centred on parts that were either "posh", "classical" or "costume". He enjoyed having the chance to play someone who is "an ordinary fellow". He also felt the series provided a chance to depict a "love story between two older characters that isn't patronising or stereotyped in any way". Reid and Jacobi also influenced the creative process — after Reid discovered Jacobi could jive, they implored Wainright to include a dance scene in an episode. Jacobi also inspired a scene in which two of Alan's friends (played by Roy Barraclough and Paul Copley) vie to be his best man. A teenage version of Alan is portrayed in flashback by Nico Mirallegro. Reid was Wainwright's personal choice for the role of Celia. Reid hoped that Last Tango in Halifax would "give hope to older people". Reid identified herself with Celia's personality – believing herself to be quite reckless and outgoing – though stated that unlike her character she has no desire to enter another relationship. Reid described filming the series as "one of the best times in my career" and stated that she was proud of the work put in. Amelia Young plays a teenage Celia during a flashback sequence in episode six. Lancashire discerned that the series was "very special" within reading two pages of the script. Other factors that persuaded her to commit to the series included the casting of Reid and Jacobi, and the series' juxtaposition of a heart-warming story with elements of humour. In terms of her character, Lancashire identified with Caroline being "a working woman trying to keep everything under control". She stated the series' ensemble cast was "the closest I’ve come to being in a theatre company on television" due to how well the actors worked together. The cast had all assumed that Last Tango in Halifax would only run for one series. Filming of the second series clashed with filming of the second series of the BBC One period drama The Paradise, which also starred Sarah Lancashire. This necessitated her having to leave her role in The Paradise halfway through the second series in order to reprise her role as Caroline in Last Tango in Halifax. In an interview in 2013 Lancashire stated that the decision to return to Last Tango in Halifax was the easiest she had made in her working life stating "as an actor you can wait an entire career to be involved in a project like this." The role resulted in her receiving the most fan mail of her career. Lancashire was surprised and humbled by the responses from women stating that Caroline's same sex relationship had personally inspired them. She stated that in her approach to the character she did not focus on Caroline's sexuality, but the "humanity of her". Due to the underrepresentation of gay characters on television, Lancashire felt it particularly important that Caroline's experience would not be portrayed inaccurately. In 2014 Wainwright recalled being "blown away" by Lancashire's performances in the rushes for the series, which partly inspired her to script the series Happy Valley in which Lancashire plays the lead role. Nicola Walker completes the main cast as Gillian. She admired the character's honesty, bravery and lack of self-pity, and identified strongly with her tendency to speak before thinking things through and her deep love for her father. In 2014 The Daily Telegraph described the role as a "game-changer" in the trajectory of Walker's career. Though ultimately successful in winning the role Walker initially believed that she would not get the part due to a lack of confidence in her northern accent, and the presence of northern actresses in the audition. Her approach to the character saw her delve into Gillian's psychology, with Walker particularly interested in the contradiction between Gillian's s

Derek Jacobi is renowned for his theatre work.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shantinatha_Basadi,_Jinanathapura

Shantinatha Basadi, Jinanathapura

Shantinatha Basadi, Jinanathapura

English: This photograph was taken by me (Dinesh Kannambadi) in the Shantinatha Basadi at Jinanathapura, Hassan district, Karnataka state, India. The Basadi was built around 1200 AD during the rule of the Hoysala Empire King Veera Ballala II.

Shantinatha Basadi, a Jain temple dedicated to the sixteenth Tirthankar Shantinatha is located in the historically important temple town of Jinanathapura near Shravanabelagola. It is a village in Channarayapatna taluk in the Hassan district of Karnataka state, India.

Shantinatha Basadi (or Shanteshvara basadi), a Jain temple dedicated to the sixteenth Tirthankar Shantinatha is located in the historically important temple town of Jinanathapura near Shravanabelagola (also spelt "Jainanathapura"). It is a village in Channarayapatna taluk in the Hassan district of Karnataka state, India.

Shantinatha Basadi in Jinanaathapura

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socotra_Rock

Socotra Rock

History

Socotra Rock / History

English: Socotra Rock 한국어: 해저 이어도

Socotra Rock is a submerged rock 4.6 metres below sea level located in the Yellow Sea. International maritime law stipulates that a submerged rock outside of a nation's territorial sea can not be claimed as territory by any nation. However, the rock is the subject of a maritime dispute between South Korea and China, which consider it to lie within their respective exclusive economic zones. The rock is located 149 kilometres southwest of Marado in Korea. For China, Yushan Island of Zhejiang, is 287 km away from the rock. The rock serves as the foundation for Korean Ieodo Ocean Research Station. A Korean helipad is also located there to allow the research station to be serviced.

Both "Parangdo" and "Ieodo" are names for the mythical island which the residents of Jeju Island believed housed the spirits of fishermen who perished at sea. The South Korean government has asserted a direct connection between these legends and the modern-day rock, claiming that the traditional saying that "One who sees Parangdo would never return" refers to the danger facing sailors when high waves allow the rock to break the surface. Koreans even name the studies about Ieodo as "Ieodology". Socotra Rock's Korean name was officially designated as "Ieodo" on 26 January 2001, by the Korea Institute of Geology.

Seamount

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Albany,_New_York_(1664%E2%80%931784)

History of Albany, New York (1664–1784)

1664–1744

History of Albany, New York (1664–1784) / 1664–1744

English: Map of the city of Albany, New York, United States in 1695. Jonkers Street is the current State Street, Handlers Street is the current Broadway, and Pearl Street is still Pearl Street. Key: Fort of Albany Old Dutch Church Dutch Lutheran Church Burial ground Dutch burial ground Stadt Huys (City Hall) Block houses [Apparently not used] Great gun to clear a galley The Stockade Gates of the city (six total)

The history of Albany, New York from 1664 to 1784 begins with the English takeover of New Netherland and ends with the ratification of the Treaty of Paris by the Congress of the Confederation in 1784, ending the Revolutionary War. When New Netherland was captured by the English in 1664, the name Beverwijck was changed to Albany, in honor of the Duke of Albany. Duke of Albany was a Scottish title given since 1398, generally to a younger son of the King of Scots. The name is ultimately derived from Alba, the Gaelic name for Scotland. The Dutch briefly regained Albany in August 1673 and renamed the city Willemstadt; the English took permanent possession with the Treaty of Westminster. On November 1, 1683, the Province of New York was split into counties, with Albany County being the largest. At that time the county included all of present New York State north of Dutchess and Ulster Counties in addition to present-day Bennington County, Vermont, theoretically stretching west to the Pacific Ocean; the city of Albany became the county seat. Albany was formally chartered as a municipality by provincial Governor Thomas Dongan on July 22, 1686.

In the period leading up to the Second Anglo-Dutch War, King Charles II of England granted the land from Maine to Delaware, which included all of New Netherland, to his brother James, Duke of York. In April 1664 four ships with a combined 450-men fighting force set sail for New Amsterdam. Fort Orange was surrendered to the English 16 days after New Amsterdam (the city of New York). Surrender terms at New Amsterdam were quite generous. Fort Orange was renamed Fort Albany, and the village of Beverswyck was renamed Albany, in honor of the Duke of York and Albany, who later became King James II of England and James VII of Scotland. Captain John Manning was given command of Fort Albany. The Dutch briefly regained Albany in 1673, during which time the town was referred to as Willemstadt, but the Dutch again lost control in November 1674. Fort Albany was renamed Fort Nassau during this time. It was called Fort Nassau instead of Fort Orange to avoid confusion with New York City's renaming as New Orange. After the English recapture of Willemstadt, all names were returned to their previous English names, but most Dutch political appointees from that period were retained. In 1676, Governor Edmund Andros of the Dominion of New England (of which the Province of New York was a part) had Fort Frederick built at the top of Yonkers Street, today the corner of State and Lodge streets, to replace Fort Albany, which was located by the Hudson River. Albany was formally chartered as a municipality by Governor Thomas Dongan on July 22, 1686. At this time Albany had a population of only 500. The "Dongan Charter" was virtually identical in content to the charter awarded to the city of New York three months earlier. Pieter Schuyler was appointed first mayor of Albany the day the charter was signed. As part of the Dongan Charter the city's boundaries were fixed with Patroon Street (today Clinton Avenue) as the northern limit and the "northern tip of Martin Gerritsen's Island" as the southern limit, both lines extending 16 miles (26 km) to the northwest. Albany was given the right to purchase 500 acres (2.0 km²) in "Schaahtecogue" (today Schaghticoke), and 1,000 acres (4.0 km²) at "Tionnondoroge" (today Fort Hunter). In 1689 Albany became a center of resistance to Jacob Leisler who, during confusion over the Glorious Revolution, led Leisler's Rebellion and took de facto control over the colony. Leisler appointed a new mayor of Albany, but the replacement was not recognized by Schuyler or the other city fathers. Three sloops sailed from the city of New York to Albany under the command of Jacob Milborne. Milborne attempted to enter Fort Albany and arrest Mayor Schuyler but was forced to return to New York after a group of Mohawks threatened to intervene on Schuyler's behalf. On February 8, 1690 the nearby settlement of Corlear (today Schenectady) was attacked by the French and their native allies. Over 60 people were killed, with more taken prisoner. Simon Schermerhorn rode all night to Albany to warn of the French incursion. This incident (referred to as the Schenectady Massacre) is commemorated each year with a horse-ride by the mayor of Schenectady to Albany's city hall in addition to other local celebrations. In 1694 Johannes Abeel succeeded Schuyler to become the second mayor of Albany. His term lasted only one year and in 1695 Evert Bancker was appointed Albany's third mayor. Due to increased pirate activity in the Hudson River, one of the City Fathers, Robert Livingston, partnered with New York Governor Bellomont to destroy the pirate's bases in the West Indies. Captain William Kidd was hired to lead the expedition. In 1696, after only a year in office, Mayor Evert Bancker was replaced with Dirck Wesselse Ten Broeck who was then replaced two years later with Hendrick Hansen. Hansen also served only one year and was replaced in 1699 by Pieter Van Brugh. Van Brugh and the succeeding three mayors (Jan Jansen Bleecker, Johannes Bleecker, Jr., Albert Janse Ryckman) each served only one year. Johannes Schuyler was appointed mayor in 1703 and was suc

Map of Albany in 1695

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wollemi_National_Park

Wollemi National Park

Biology and ecology

Wollemi National Park / Biology and ecology

English: Aerial perspective of Grey Gum International Cafe on an autumn morning. February 2018.

The Wollemi National Park is a protected national park and wilderness area that is located in the northern Blue Mountains and Lower Hunter regions of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 501,703-hectare park, the second largest national park in New South Wales, contains the 361,113-hectare Wollemi Wilderness – the largest such wilderness area in Australia – and is situated approximately 130 kilometres northwest of Sydney. The Wollemi National Park is one of the eight protected areas that, in 2000, was inscribed to form part of the UNESCO World Heritage–listed Greater Blue Mountains Area. The Wollemi National Park is the most north–westerly of the eight protected areas within the World Heritage Site. The national park forms part of the Great Dividing Range. The only known living wild specimens of the Wollemi Pine were discovered in 1994. Special efforts were made to protect the trees when the 2019-20 Australian bushfires burned through the park.

Eucalypt dominated open forests comprise 90% of Wollemi National Park, with over 70 species of Eucalypt recorded. The remaining 10% of the National Park comprises rainforest, heath and grassland. The variety of habitats within Wollemi National Park allow for large diversity in animals. 58 reptile species, 38 frog species, 235 bird species and 46 mammal species have been recorded in the park. The only known living wild specimens of the Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis), a species thought to have become extinct on the mainland approximately thirty million years ago, were discovered in three small stands within deep canyons in 1994. The location is kept secret to protect the groves from diseases and trampling. Besides the Wollemi Mint Bush, the park contains populations of the rare Banksia conferta subsp. penicillata, only described in 1981. The Wollemi Stringybark is a newly discovered species of Eucalyptus tree.

Aerial perspective of the Grey Gum International Cafe, nestled between Wollemi and Yengo national parks on an autumn morning. February 2018.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Guard_(Finland)

White Guard (Finland)

Heritage

White Guard (Finland) / Heritage

English: Finnish civil guard shoulder patches and insignia. Photographed in the "Winter War - 70 years" exhibition in the Military Museum of Finland. Suomi: Suojeluskuntajärjestön käsivarsikilvet ja merkit. Kuvattu Sotamuseon "Talvisota – 70 vuotta kunniamme päivistä" -näyttelyssä.

The White Guard or Civil Guard was a voluntary militia that emerged victorious over the socialist Red Guards as a part of the Whites in the Finnish Civil War of 1918. They were generally known as the White Guard in the West due to their opposition to the communist Red Guards. In the White Army of Finland many participants were recruits, draftees and German-trained Jägers and not part of the paramilitary. The central organization was named the White Guard Organization, and the organization consisted of local chapters in municipalities. The Russian revolution of 1905 led to social and political unrest and a breakdown of security in Finland, which was then a Grand Duchy under the sovereignty of the Russian Tsar. Citizen militias were formed as a response, but soon these would be transformed along political lines. The Russian Revolution of 1917 and the subsequent independence of Finland also caused conflicts in the country. On January 27, 1918, the Finnish government ordered the disarmament of all remaining Russian garrisons with the forces of the White Guard, and on the same day the Reds proclaimed revolution, leading to a bloody civil war. White Guards, led by Gen. C.G.E.

One of the chapters of the Treaty of Paris (1947) was disbandment of all "fascist-like organizations". The Soviet Union considered that the White Guard and Lotta Svärd were fascist organizations, and they were disbanded. The disbanding of the White Guard effectively ended all Finnish voluntary military training for the next several decades. The sports activities of the Guard were taken over by ordinary civilian sports associations, while the psychological work of instilling a national defence spirit was continued by the reservists' associations. However, the Guard itself is a contentious issue, which still divides the people along political lines. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Finland unilaterally renounced the military articles of the Paris Peace Treaty of 1947. Following this, the NGOs working in fields with connections to total defence formed the National Defence Training Association of Finland (Finnish: Maanpuolustuskoulutus ry), which started to organise supplemental voluntary training primarily for Finnish Defence Forces reservists in conjunction with the Defence Forces. The legal basis for the activities was given by changing the Act on Defence Forces in 1994. More accurate basis was given by the Act on Voluntary Defence Work of 2007, which will make the Association a nominally independent public organization under political state control. As the heritage of the White Guard in Finland is very mixed, the National Defence Training Association does not consider itself to be the successor of the White Guard. In 2007 formation of Territorial Forces was started, a volunteer military organization composed of reservists. Some political groups have criticized formation of these units, saying that they are too close to White Guards that were abolished as fascist organization in 1944. However, unlike the White Guard, local defense troops are not a separate organization, but fully in the control of the Finnish Defence Forces.

A selection of Suojeluskunta insignia

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Virginia_Route_82

West Virginia Route 82

West Virginia Route 82

English: View west along West Virginia State Route 82 (Birch River Road) at West Virginia State Route 20 (Webster Road) in Welch Grade, Webster County, West Virginia

West Virginia Route 82 is an east–west state highway in central West Virginia, USA. The western terminus of the route is at an interchange with U.S. Route 19 in Birch River. The eastern terminus is at West Virginia Route 20 outside Cowen.

West Virginia Route 82 is an east–west state highway in central West Virginia, USA. The western terminus of the route is at an interchange with U.S. Route 19 in Birch River. The eastern terminus is at West Virginia Route 20 outside Cowen.

View west along WV 82 at WV 20 in Cowen

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vijay_Jacob

Vijay Jacob

Vijay Jacob

English: In a stage performance

Vijay Jacob, is an Indian music composer.

Vijay Jacob (Malayalam: വിജയ്‌ ജേക്കബ്), is an Indian music composer.

Vijay Jacob

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Merc%C3%A8

La Mercè

Activities

La Mercè / Activities

English: First 3 de 9 with folre completed by the Castellers de Barcelona, during la Mercè 2001 Català: Primer 3 de 9 amb folre descarregat dels Castellers de Barcelona, Festes de la Mercè 2001

La Mercè is the annual festival of the city of Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain. It has been an official city holiday since 1871, when the local government first organized a program of special activities to observe the Roman Catholic feast day of Our Lady of Mercy, La Mare de Déu de la Mercè in Catalan. Although the actual feast day is September 24, the festivities begin a few days beforehand. Some of the most important features of the festival were introduced in the year 1902, when parades included papier maché “giants” known as gegants i capgrossos and a popular dance from Empordà that was becoming popular throughout Catalonia: the Sardana. The holiday has enjoyed immense local popularity ever since. Among more recently introduced traditions are the annual Catalan Wine Fair, a special correfoc, a 10 km race and the pyro-musical, a display featuring synchronized fireworks, water fountains and music conducted at the base of the Montjuïc mountain.

During the week-long festival, close to two million people attend cultural and artistic presentations held throughout the city. The most traditional activities of the festival are based in the popular culture of Catalonia. Especially noteworthy are the street parades, originating from the spectacular processions which took place centuries ago for the celebration of Corpus Christi. Each day of the festival is celebrated with its own parade filled with mythical characters and traditional drumming. There are about 600 events spread throughout the plazas, streets, museums, and parks. All entertainment is free. Barcelona's metro trains run all night during the festival. Street theater is a distinct element of the artistic events. Dance, circus, bands, fringe, and touring shows make up the bulk of the events. In order to bring Barcelona’s people closer to different cultures, each year, through the "Guest City" program, another city from elsewhere in the world is invited to present its culture and artists. In 2013 the Guest City was Vienna.

Castellers de Barcelona during La Mercè 2001

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ding_(vessel)

Ding (vessel)

Historical development

Ding (vessel) / Historical development

English: China, Shanxi Province, ancient state of Jin, Mid. Eastern Zhou dyn., late Spring and Autumn per. or early Warring States per., about 500-450 B.C. Furnishings; Cookware Cast bronze Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Eric Lidow (M.74.103a-b) Chinese Art

Ding are prehistoric and ancient Chinese cauldrons, standing upon legs with a lid and two facing handles. They are one of the most important shapes used in Chinese ritual bronzes. They were made in two shapes: round vessels with three legs and rectangular ones with four, the latter often called fangding. They were used for cooking, storage, and ritual offerings to the gods or to ancestors. The earliest recovered examples are pre-Shang ceramic ding at the Erlitou site but they are better known from the Bronze Age, particularly after the Zhou deemphasized the ritual use of wine practiced by the Shang kings. Under the Zhou, the ding and the privilege to perform the associated rituals became symbols of authority. The number of permitted ding varied according to one's rank in the Chinese nobility: the Nine Ding of the Zhou kings were a symbol of their rule over all China but were lost by the first emperor, Shi Huangdi in the late 3rd century BCE. Subsequently, imperial authority was represented by the Heirloom Seal of the Realm, carved out of the sacred Heshibi; it was lost at some point during the Five Dynasties after the collapse of the Tang.

One of the many types of bronze vessels, the ding vessel had its origins in standard ceramic vessels with the shape of a tripod. A bronze ding vessel from Panlongcheng, Huangpi, Hubei, for example, inherits its shape from Neolithic pottery. Perhaps the most famous ancient dings were the legendary Nine Tripod Cauldrons. This set of bronze vessels is said to have been cast by King Yu of the Xia Dynasty when he divided his territory into the Jiuzhou or Nine Provinces. Later on, possession of all nine was considered a sign of rightful authority over all. The whereabouts of the nine ding are presently unknown, but are said to have been lost during the imperial Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE), after having been passed among various royal dynasties and feudal states. Ding vessels were used throughout the Shang and Zhou dynasties and later time periods. Round, tripod ding vessels are emblematic of the Shang and Western and Eastern Zhou periods. Western Zhou ding vessels departed from the Shang aesthetic in terms of their oddly-proportioned legs that were deliberately emphasized through the addition of flanged taotie motifs. In terms of their significance throughout history, bronze vessels came to assume a more political role in later dynasties than in the Shang period. Inscriptions cast on Western Zhou ding vessels, for example, commemorate political events and record gifts between monarchs and subjects. The Da Ke ding records a royal award to Ke of royal estate, which is seen as evidence of the breaking up of the estates of old families and their distribution to new families in the transition between different time periods. In Late Western Zhou, sets of ding and gui were used to indicate rank; a feudal lord would be entitled to nine ding and six gui, while lesser officials were entitled to a smaller number of vessels. Likewise, late Zhou bronzes were often very large, suggesting corresponding wealth. Early Eastern Zhou bronzes descended directly from those of Western Zhou. In later times, in the middle Warring States period, the three-legged ding would be one of the most popular ceramic forms imitating bronzes. In Western China in an area controlled by Qin, small, shallow tripod ding vessels were produced. For these vessels, groups of ceramic and bronze vessels buried together reveal that Western Zhou vessel types continued to exist over different time periods. Tombs at Baoji and Hu Xian, for example, contain sets of ding among others that are shallow and with cabriole legs. The role of ding vessels in the Zhou period continued, as Qin cemeteries contained ding vessels that expressed rank. Food vessels such as fu, gui, and dui that were popular in Zhou times disappeared by the Han dynasty, during which the ding, zhong, hu, and fang were the main vessel types used. In Western and Eastern Han, the ding was one of the most common bronze-derived shapes in pottery. Today, the architecture of the Shanghai Museum is intended to resemble a bronze ding.

Shanxi province, ancient state of Jin, Middle Eastern Zhou dynasty, late Spring and Autumn or early Warring States period, about 500-450 BC

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_paralysis

Sleep paralysis

Cultural significance and priming

Sleep paralysis / Society and culture / Cultural significance and priming

Sleep paralysis is a state, during waking up or falling asleep, in which a person is aware but unable to move or speak. During an episode, one may hallucinate, which often results in fear. Episodes generally last less than a couple of minutes. It may occur as a single episode or be recurrent. The condition may occur in those who are otherwise healthy or those with narcolepsy, or it may run in families as a result of specific genetic changes. The condition can be triggered by sleep deprivation, psychological stress, or abnormal sleep cycles. The underlying mechanism is believed to involve a dysfunction in REM sleep. Diagnosis is based on a person's description. Other conditions that can present similarly include narcolepsy, atonic seizure, and hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Treatment options for sleep paralysis have been poorly studied. It is recommended that people be reassured that the condition is common and generally not serious. Other efforts that may be tried include sleep hygiene, cognitive behavioral therapy, and antidepressants. Between 8% and 50% of people experience sleep paralysis at some point in their life. About 5% of people have regular episodes.

Although the core features of sleep paralysis (e.g., atonia, a clear sensorium, and frequent hallucinations) appear to be universal, the ways in which they are experienced vary according to time, place, and culture. Over 100 terms have been identified for these experiences. Some scientists have proposed sleep paralysis as an explanation for reports of paranormal phenomena such as ghosts,, alien visits, demons or demonic possession, alien abduction experiences, the night hag and shadow people haunting. According to some scientists culture may be a major factor in shaping sleep paralysis. When sleep paralysis is interpreted through a particular cultural filter, it may take on greater salience. For example, if sleep paralysis is feared in a certain culture, this fear could lead to conditioned fear, and thus worsen the experience, in turn leading to higher rates. Consistent with this idea, high rates and long durations of immobility during sleep paralysis have been found in Egypt, where there are elaborate beliefs about sleep paralysis, involving malevolent spirit-like creatures, the jinn. Research has found that sleep paralysis is associated with great fear and fear of impending death in 50% of sufferers in Egypt. A study comparing rates and characteristics of sleep paralysis in Egypt and Denmark found that the phenomenon is three times more common in Egypt versus Denmark. In Denmark, unlike Egypt, there are no elaborate supernatural beliefs about sleep paralysis, and the experience is often interpreted as an odd physiological event, with overall shorter sleep paralysis episodes and fewer people (17%) fearing that they could die from it.

Le Cauchemar (The Nightmare), by Eugène Thivier (1894)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germani_(Oretania)

Germani (Oretania)

Culture

Germani (Oretania) / Culture

Español: Vista de una de las partes consolidadas de la excavación arqueológica del Cerro de las Cabezas, en las proximidades de Valdepeñas (Ciudad Real) España. Se puede apreciar una de las calles principales (en diagonal desde la derecha hacia la izquierda en forma ascendente) y varias construcciones alrededor de la misma. Français : Vue d'une des parties consolidées du site des fouilles archéologiques de Cerro de las Cabezas, à proximité de Valdepeñas (Province de Ciudad Real, Espagne). Il est possible de voir une des rues principales (en diagonal depuis la droite jusqu'à gauche dans la pente) et plusieurs constructions le long de celle-ci.

The Germani were an obscure pre-Roman ancient people of the Iberian Peninsula which settled around the 4th century BC in western Oretania, an ancient region corresponding to the south of Ciudad Real and the eastern tip of Badajoz provinces.

Archeological evidence retrieved from local Iron Age hillforts such as Alarcos (Ciudad Real) and Cerro de las Cabezas confirm that the material culture of the Germani did not differ from their southeastern Iberian neighbours nor the Celtiberians.

Archaeological site of Cerro de las Cabezas in Valdepeñas.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chukat

Chukat

Numbers chapter 21

Chukat / In classical rabbinic interpretation / Numbers chapter 21

English: Jephthah's Daughter, c. 1896-1902, by James Jacques Joseph Tissot (French, 1836-1902) or follower, gouache on board, 11 5/16 x 7 in. (28.9 x 17.8 cm), at the Jewish Museum, New York

Chukat, Hukath, or Chukkas is the 39th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the sixth in the Book of Numbers. The parashah sets out the laws of corpse contamination and purification with the water of lustration prepared with the Red Cow. It also reports the deaths of Miriam and Aaron, the failure of Moses at the Waters of Meribah, and the conquest of Arad, the Amorites, and Bashan. The parashah constitutes Numbers 19:1–22:1. The parashah is the shortest weekly Torah portion in the Book of Numbers, and is made up of 4,670 Hebrew letters, 1,245 Hebrew words, 87 verses, and 159 lines in a Torah Scroll. Jews generally read it in late June or July. In most years, parashah Chukat is read separately. In some years when the second day of Shavuot falls on a Sabbath in the Diaspora, parashah Chukat is combined with the subsequent parashah, Balak, in the Diaspora to synchronize readings thereafter with those in Israel. Jews also read the first part of the parashah, Numbers 19:1–22, in addition to the regular weekly Torah portion, on the Sabbath after Purim, called Shabbat Parah.

The Gemara deduced that what the King of Arad heard in Numbers 21:1 was that Aaron had died and that the clouds of glory had dispersed, as the previous verse, Numbers 20:29, reports that "all the congregation saw that Aaron was dead." The King thus concluded that he had received permission to fight the Israelites. The Gemara deduced from the report of Numbers 21:1 that the king of Arad took some Israelites captive that a non-Jew could acquire an Israelite as a slave by an act of possession. Rav Hanin (or some say Rabbi Hanina) read Numbers 21:2 to show that one who wishes to succeed should set aside some of the gains to Heaven. The Gemara thus taught that one who took possession of the property of a proselyte (who died without any Jewish heirs and thus had no legal heirs) should use some of the proceeds of the property to purchase a Torah scroll to be worthy of retaining the rest of the property. Similarly, Rav Sheshet taught that a person should act in a similar manner with a deceased spouse's estate. Rava taught that even a business person who made a large profit should act in a similar manner. Rav Papa taught that one who has found something should act in the same manner. Rav Nahman bar Isaac said even if a person only arranged for the writing of a pair of Tefillin (that would be a sufficient deed). A Midrash taught that of four who made vows, two vowed and profited, and two vowed and lost. The Israelites vowed and profited in Numbers 21:2–3, and Hannah vowed and profited in 1 Samuel 1:11–20. Jephthah vowed and lost in Judges 11:30–40, and Jacob vowed in Genesis 28:20 and lost (some say in the loss of Rachel in Genesis 35:18 and some say in the disgrace of Dinah in Genesis 34:2, for Jacob's vow in Genesis 28:20 was superfluous, as Jacob had already received God's promise, and therefore Jacob lost because of it). Rav Assi said in Rabbi Hanina's name that Achan’s confession to Joshua in Joshua 7:20 showed that Achan committed three sacrileges — twice in the days of Moses, including once violating the oath of Numbers 21:2, and once in the days of Joshua. For in Joshua 7:20, Achan said, “I have sinned (implying this time), and thus and thus have I done (implying twice apart from this instance).” A Midrash taught that according to some authorities, Israel fought Sihon in the month of Elul, celebrated the Festival in Tishri, and after the Festival fought Og. The Midrash inferred this from the similarity of the expression in Deuteronomy 16:7, "And you shall turn in the morning, and go to your tents," which speaks of an act that was to follow the celebration of a Festival, and the expression in Numbers 21:3, "and Og the king of Bashan went out against them, he and all his people." The Midrash inferred that God assembled the Amorites to deliver them into the Israelites' hands, as Numbers 21:34 says, "and the Lord said to Moses: ‘Fear him not; for I have delivered him into your hand." The Midrash taught that Moses was afraid, as he thought that perhaps the Israelites had committed a trespass in the war against Sihon, or had soiled themselves by the commission of some transgression. God reassured Moses that he need not fear, for the Israelites had shown themselves perfectly righteous. The Midrash taught that there was not a mighty man in the world more difficult to overcome than Og, as Deuteronomy 3:11 says, "only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of the Rephaim."The Midrash told that Og had been the only survivor of the strong men whom Amraphel and his colleagues had slain, as may be inferred from Genesis 14:5, which reports that Amraphel "smote the Rephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim," and one may read Deuteronomy 3:1 to indicate that Og lived near Ashteroth. The Midrash taught that Og was the refuse among the Rephaim, like a hard olive that escapes being mashed in the olive press. The Midrash inferred this from Genesis 14:13, which reports that "there came one who had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew," and the Midrash identified the man who had escaped as Og, as Deuteronomy 3:11 describes him as a remnant, saying, "only Og

Jephthah's Daughter (watercolor circa 1896–1902 by James Tissot)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Brzechwa

Jan Brzechwa

Jan Brzechwa

Polski: Jan Brzechwa

Jan Brzechwa

Jan Brzechwa, was a Polish poet, author and lawyer, known mostly for his contribution to children's literature. He was born Jan Wiktor Lesman to a Polish family of Jewish descent.

Jan Brzechwa ([ˈbʐɛxfa]), (15 August 1898 – 2 July 1966) was a Polish poet, author and lawyer, known mostly for his contribution to children's literature. He was born Jan Wiktor Lesman to a Polish family of Jewish descent.

Jan Brzechwa

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Grant_(curler)

Bill Grant (curler)

Bill Grant (curler)

English: Mcdonalds Brier Hearts

William Alexander Grant was a Canadian curler. He was the lead of the 1928 and 1929 Brier Champion teams, representing Manitoba. Grant was a 1975 inductee to the Canadian Curling Hall of Fame. He died suddenly in 1942 while attending a curling meeting at the Fort Rouge Curling Club. Grant was married twice and had two children with his second wife Doris, Thomas and Barbara.

William Alexander Grant (June 16, 1882 – April 16, 1942) was a Canadian curler. He was the lead of the 1928 and 1929 Brier Champion teams (skipped by Gordon Hudson), representing Manitoba. Grant was a 1975 inductee to the Canadian Curling Hall of Fame. He died suddenly in 1942 while attending a curling meeting at the Fort Rouge Curling Club. Grant was married twice and had two children with his second wife Doris, Thomas (1928-2002) and Barbara (1931).

1928 & 1929 Macdonalds Brier Hearts

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battleford_Industrial_School

Battleford Industrial School

History

Battleford Industrial School / History

English: Government House of the Northwest Territories in Battleford (in present-day Saskatchewan), Canada. This building was the first permanent Northwest Territories legislature building. Italiano: Casa de Gobierno de Battleford, Canadá

The Battleford Industrial School was a Canadian residential school for First Nations children in Battleford, Northwest Territories from 1883-1914. After its closure, many Indigenous children from around the Battlefords were sent to different schools in Saskatchewan, including Thunderchild Residential School at Delmas. Old Government House, built in 1878–1879, was the seat of the Territorial Government from 1878 to 1883 of the Northwest Territories. It became one of the first modern Residential Schools in Canada, opened with the specific aim of assimilating Indigenous people into the society of the settlers. Battleford Industrial School was the first Residential School in Saskatchewan. The Northwest Territories Act of 1875 had a significant effect on the region. The Lieutenant Governor was granted the authority to create electoral districts, appoint Justices of the Peace, issue liquor permits, direct the disposition of the North West Mounted Police, and report on the proceedings in territorial courts.

The interior of the school was damaged during the North West Rebellion of 1885. Later that year on November 27 the students were taken from the school to witness the hanging of 8 leaders of the Cree uprising in Fort Battleford. Most of the students were from the Ahtahkakoop, Mistawasis and John Smith reserves. The school had less than 30 students when it first opened. They were taught trades related to agriculture, carpentry and blacksmithing. Academic courses were reading, writing and English. A new east wing was added in 1889.

Battleford Industrial School

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Switzerland

Flag of Switzerland

Napoleonic period and Restored Confederacy

Flag of Switzerland / History / Napoleonic period and Restored Confederacy

English: Redrawing of the first Swiss battalion flag of 1815, after the design of General Niklaus Franz von Bachmann. Four of these flags were made in 1815, and officially given to the four line battalions formed from soldiers returning from French service on 12 October 1815. One of these four original flags is on exhibit in the National Museum in Zurich. The flag has a sword with laurel in the vertical bar of the cross, and the inscription "Für Vaterland und Ehre" (pro patria et honore) in the horizontal. The inscription is in golden letters. On the reverse side, the flag is inscribed with "Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft". See also: Edi Huber, Ein Glarner gab den Anstoss für die Schweizerfahne (2009) This is a manually redrawn version of File:Swiss flag Bachmann 1815.svg, which is a vectorization of a photograph (unfortunately of very poor quality) of the flag exhibited in the National Museum.

The flag of Switzerland displays a white cross in the centre of a square red field. The white cross is known as the Swiss cross. Its arms are equilateral, and their ratio of length to width is 7:6. The size of the cross in relation to the field was set in 2017 as 5:8. The white cross has been used as the field sign of the Old Swiss Confederacy since its formation in the late 13th or early 14th century. Its symbolism was described by the Swiss Federal Council in 1889 as representing "at the same the Christian cross symbol and the field sign of the Old Confederacy". As a national ensign, it was first used in 1800 during the Hundred Days by general Niklaus Franz von Bachmann, and as regimental flag of all cantonal troops from 1841. The federal coat of arms was defined in 1815 for the Restored Confederacy as the white-on-red Swiss cross in a heraldic shield. The current design was used together with a cross composed of five squares until 1889, when its dimensions were officially set. The civil and state ensign of Switzerland, used by Swiss ships, boats and non-governmental bodies, is rectangular in shape and has the more common proportions of 3:2.

After the French invasion of Swiss territory in 1798 and the subsequent collapse of the Confederation, the authorities of the newly proclaimed Helvetic Republic confiscated all earlier flags, replacing them with a green-red-yellow tricolour. General Niklaus Franz von Bachmann used the white cross in a red field his campaigns of 1800 and 1815. The term Schweizer-Fahne (later spelling Schweizerfahne) is in use for the flag from this time, recorded in a poem on the Battle of Näfels by one J. Hottinger published in 1808. The Tagsatzung (Swiss Diet) re-introduced the white cross in the red field for the seal of the Confederacy in 1814. The commission for drafting a federal constitution on 16 May 1814 recommended the adoption of a seal of the Confederacy based on the "field sign of the old Swiss". On 4 July 1815, the Diet accepted the design of the commission, adopted as the provisional seal described as "in the center, the federal red shield with the white cross as common federal heraldic emblem, surrounded by a simple circular Gothic ornament, on the outside of which the inscription 'Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft' with the year number MDCCCXV, and in an outer circle all XXII cantonal coat of arms in circular fields, according to their federal order of precedence; around all, a simple wreath". This decision remained in force after the formation of the federal state in 1848, as was recognized by the Federal Council in 1889. As opposed to the definition of an official seal or coat of arms, it was not, at the time, usual to specify a "national flag". However, the white cross in a red field had seen frequent use on flags flown by private organizations during the Regeneration period (1830s), especially shooting, singing and gymnastics associations which at the time were a pool for progressive or "radical" agitation. The canton of Aargau introduced the flag for its troops in 1833. General Guillaume-Henri Dufour proposed use of the flag for all federal forces in 1839. The Tagsatzung on 2 September 1839 passed a resolution prescribing the use of a unified flag design for all cantonal infantry regiments. In a first circular sent to the cantonal authorities, the flag was described as a red flag with a cross touching the edges, but in 1841, the Tagsatzung opted for a proposal by Carl Stauffer, which was announced to the cantons on 11 October 1841. The 1841 flag shows a bold cross suspended in the center of the square field. The proportions of the cross arm are 1:1, i.e. the cross is composed of five squares. The absolute width of the flag is given as 4.5 feet (105 cm), that of the cross as 3 feet (90 cm), for a ratio of cross to flag width of 2:3 ≈ 66.7% (as opposed to the modern 5:8 = 62.5%). The specifications include the flag pole and the ribbon with the cantonal colours attached to the pole (the example depicted is the flag of the Zürich battalion). The flag itself is described as of good silk cloth, four feet five inches squared, scarlet, in the center a white cross, arms measuring one foot by three feet.

The first Swiss battalion flag, issued by the Tagsatzung on 12 October 1815, after the design of general Niklaus Franz von Bachmann

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena_Patursson

Helena Patursson

Helena Patursson

Súsanna Helena Patursson was a Faroese actress and writer, and the first political feminist in the country, particularly stressing the need for all Faroers to be able to write and learn Faroese properly. She also wrote the first play in the Faroese language. Her brothers Sverri Patursson and Jóannes Patursson were also well-known. Helena Patursson is the daughter of the king's farmer Poul Peder Pedersen and Ellen Cathrine Djonesen. She grew up on the king's farm Kirkjubøargarður, where she got private lessons together with her brothers. Later she went to Copenhagen, where she learned piano and handiworks. She worked there as paralegal until 1904, when she returned to the Faroes. Like her brothers Helena Paturson was an activist, ever since the Christmas Meeting of 1888, where the nationalist movement was founded. Her activities were mainly addressed to women. In 1889 wrote she the first play in Faroese, Veðurføst, from which unfortunately only fragments are preserved. It is about women's role in the national awakening and teaching Faroese at home, which had at this time no official status as a language.

Súsanna Helena Patursson (27 August 1864 in Kirkjubøur – 15 December 1916 in Kirkjubøur) was a Faroese actress and writer, and the first political feminist in the country, particularly stressing the need for all Faroers to be able to write and learn Faroese properly. She also wrote the first play in the Faroese language. Her brothers Sverri Patursson and Jóannes Patursson were also well-known. Helena Patursson is the daughter of the king's farmer Poul Peder Pedersen and Ellen Cathrine Djonesen. She grew up on the king's farm Kirkjubøargarður, where she got private lessons together with her brothers. Later she went to Copenhagen, where she learned piano and handiworks. She worked there as paralegal until 1904, when she returned to the Faroes. Like her brothers Helena Paturson was an activist, ever since the Christmas Meeting of 1888, where the nationalist movement was founded. Her activities were mainly addressed to women. In 1889 wrote she the first play in Faroese, Veðurføst (feminine form of veðurfastur = unable to move from a place because of weather conditions, "weather-stuck"), from which unfortunately only fragments are preserved. It is about women's role in the national awakening and teaching Faroese at home, which had at this time no official status as a language. She also wrote in the papers Føringatíðindi (Faroe Periodical) and Fuglaframi (Fowl Forth = the Faroese people's furtherance) which belonged to her brothers, Jóannes and Sverre. In Copenhagen she organised a women's union, and in 1896 persuaded the Faroese Association there to affiliate with women. Back in the Faroes, Helena Patursson founded and wrote her own periodical Oyggjarnar (the Islands), which was not only the first periodical mainly intended for Faroese women, but also at its time (1905-1908) was the only periodical in Faroese language. Thus Oyggjarnar has a large importance in the history of the Faroe Islands. Every issue was four pages long, it came out weekly, and it originally sold for 1,5 crowns for a half-year subscription but later the cost lessened. It was not addressed to women only, but most articles were about Faroese education and a need for the shift from being taught entirely in Danish to teaching children in Faroese (as at the time, Danish was the official language and was the language used in schools), how the Faroe Islands was seen as or mentioned by other countries, the Faroese women's role or jobs, recipes (which were considered a national request at the time) and tips for how to create a good home. For instance Oyggjarnar emphasized that girls should have the same good food as boys, and articles might be written about news from Iceland or Norway as told or sent in by a Faroer who visited there. A new women's role became popular, using parts of the old farmer's culture but changing into something more decorative, for example traditional wool processing becoming only something for handicrafts. A book, which was partially a compilation of her articles from Oyggjarnar, came out February 1908 and was called Matreglur fyri hvørt hús (literally, "Food-rules for every house"), which was the first Faroese cookbook. It consisted of 160 "rules" (meaning recipes - at the time, there seemed to be no clear word for food "recipes" as the periodical itself switched between names for them often), was sold for 50 oyra (half a crown, equivalent to cents of a dollar), and was for sale at the bookshop in Tórshavn, at B.A. Sálmalsson in Tórshavn, at various places in towns and with Helena Patursson herself in Kirkjubøur. Of the recipes published in the periodical at the time of the cookbook's publishing, most were for meals considered to be basic, traditional food today: oatmeal porridge, lamb, meatballs, liver paste, puffin, fishballs, plukkfisk (a common dish in Iceland and the Faroes, essentially leftover fish with potatoes and other things mixed in), kleynir (common in Iceland and the Faroes, a sort of plain, doughnut-like pastry eaten with coffee), cauliflower soup, and how to make a good sausage. There were, however, a few recipes for more

Helena Patursson as young lady in 1889 at the premiere of her play Veðurføst.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salisbury_railway_station

Salisbury railway station

Services

Salisbury railway station / Services

English: First Great Western's 153373 (right) leaves Salisbury station in Wiltshire, England, with a service to Romsey and Southampton, passing South West Train's 158881 which will follow it calling at all stations along the same route before continuing to Chandler's Ford.

Salisbury railway station serves the city of Salisbury in Wiltshire, England. It is 83 miles 43 chains from London Waterloo on the line to Exeter St Davids. This is crossed at Salisbury by the Wessex Main Line between Cardiff Central and Portsmouth Harbour/Brighton. In the past timetabled routes had more distant destinations to the south-west including Ilfracombe, Padstow and Plymouth. It is operated by South Western Railway and also served by Great Western Railway.

South Western Railway operate half-hourly services to London Waterloo and hourly to Exeter St Davids. There is also an hourly circular service to Chandlers Ford via Southampton Central and limited services to Bristol Temple Meads or Yeovil Pen Mill. In 2016 a new service began running once on summer Saturdays between London Waterloo and Weymouth. Until late 2009, Services to Exeter would extend on a limited basis to Penzance, Plymouth & Paignton. These services were removed in favour of hourly Waterloo to Exeter services. Great Western Railway operate hourly regional services between Portsmouth Harbour and Cardiff Central via Bristol Temple Meads and limited services between Brighton and Great Malvern, plus a few Southampton to Bristol/Gloucester stopping trains.

South West Trains (left) and First Great Western (right) trains to Southampton Central

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Lansbury

Angela Lansbury

Return to theatre: 1997–present

Angela Lansbury / Later career / Return to theatre: 1997–present

Angela Lansbury back on Broadway, in Terence McNally's play "Deuce"

Dame Angela Brigid Lansbury DBE is a British-Irish American actress who has appeared in a great number of theater, television, and film roles. Her career has spanned almost eight decades, much of it in the United States. Her work has received international attention. She is recognised as the earliest surviving Academy Award nominee and one of the last surviving stars from the Golden Age of Hollywood. Lansbury was born to Irish actress Moyna Macgill and British politician Edgar Lansbury, an upper-middle-class family in Regent's Park, central London. To escape the Blitz, in 1940 she moved to the United States with her mother and two brothers, and she studied acting in New York City. Proceeding to Hollywood in 1942, she signed with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and obtained her first film roles, in Gaslight and The Picture of Dorian Gray, earning her two Oscar nominations and a Golden Globe Award. She appeared in eleven further films for MGM, mostly in supporting roles such as National Velvet, and The Harvey Girls. After her contract ended in 1952 she began supplementing her cinematic work with theatrical appearances.

Following the end of Murder, She Wrote, Lansbury returned to the theatre. Although cast in the lead role in the 2001 Kander and Ebb musical The Visit, she withdrew before it opened due to her husband's deteriorating health. Peter died in January 2003 of congestive heart failure at the couple's Brentwood, California home. Lansbury felt that after this event she would not take on any more major acting roles, and that instead might make a few cameo appearances but nothing more. Wanting to spend more time in New York City, in 2006 she purchased a $2 million condominium in Manhattan, and in a 2014 interview said that she also had homes in Ireland and Los Angeles. She made an appearance in a Season 6 episode of the television show Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, for which she was nominated for an Emmy Award in 2005. She starred in the film Nanny McPhee (2005) as Aunt Adelaide, commenting that it was "such fun to play a baddie!" and later informing an interviewer that working on Nanny McPhee "pulled me out of the abyss" after the loss of her husband. She then appeared in the film Mr. Popper's Penguins (2011), opposite Jim Carrey. Lansbury returned to Broadway after a 23-year absence in Deuce, a play by Terrence McNally that opened at the Music Box Theatre in May 2007 for a limited run of eighteen weeks. Lansbury received a Tony Award nomination for Best Leading Actress in a Play for her role. In March 2009 she returned to Broadway for a revival of Blithe Spirit at the Shubert Theatre, where she took on the role of Madame Arcati. Discussing the character, she stated: "I love her. She's completely off-the-wall but utterly secure in her own convictions." This appearance earned her the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play; this was her fifth Tony Award, tying her with the previous record holder for the number of Tony Awards, Julie Harris, albeit all of Harris' Tonys were for Best Leading Actress. From December 2009 to June 2010, Lansbury then starred as Madame Armfeldt alongside Catherine Zeta-Jones in the first Broadway revival of A Little Night Music, held at the Walter Kerr Theatre. The role earned her a seventh Tony Award nomination, while in May 2010, she was awarded an honorary doctoral degree from Manhattan School of Music. In 2012, it was announced that Lansbury was set to star opposite Johnny Depp in Wes Anderson's The Grand Budapest Hotel; however, she had to back out of the project due to prior scheduling conflicts with the Australian production of Driving Miss Daisy, in which she co-starred alongside James Earl Jones. From April to July 2012, Lansbury starred as women's rights advocate Sue-Ellen Gamadge in the Broadway revival of Gore Vidal's The Best Man at the Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre. From February to June 2013, Lansbury starred alongside James Earl Jones in an Australian tour of Driving Miss Daisy. In November 2013, she received an Academy Honorary Award for her lifetime achievement at the Governors Awards. From March to June 2014, Lansbury reprised her performance as Madame Arcati in Blithe Spirit at the Gielgud Theatre in London's West End, her first London stage appearance in nearly 40 years. While in London, she made an appearance at the Angela Lansbury Film Festival in Poplar, a screening of some of her best known films organised by Poplar Film. From December 2014 to March 2015, she joined the tour of Blithe Spirit across North America. In April 2015, aged 89, she received her first Olivier Award as Best Supporting Actress for her performance as Arcati, and in November 2015 was awarded the Oscar Hammerstein Award for Lifetime Achievement in Musical Theatre. On June 2, 2016, it was officially announced that Lansbury would return to Broadway in the 2017–18 season in a revival of Enid Bagnold's 1955 play The Chalk Garden. The play was produced by Scott Rudin at a theatre to-be-announced. However, in an interview published on September 20, 2016, Lansbury stated that she will not be performing in The Chalk Garden, saying: "At my time of life, I've decided that I want to be with family more and being al

Angela Lansbury in Deuce, New York City, 2007

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Frank_Russell

Eric Frank Russell

Writings

Eric Frank Russell / Writings

English: Cover of Other Worlds, May 1950

Eric Frank Russell was a British author best known for his science fiction novels and short stories. Much of his work was first published in the United States, in John W. Campbell's Astounding Science Fiction and other pulp magazines. Russell also wrote horror fiction for Weird Tales and non-fiction articles on Fortean topics. Up to 1955 several of his stories were published under pseudonyms, at least Duncan H. Munro and Niall Wilde.

Russell's full-length fiction includes the following: Sinister Barrier (1939) Dreadful Sanctuary (1948) Sentinels From Space (1953), based on the earlier magazine story The Star Watchers (1951) Three to Conquer (1956), based on the earlier magazine serial Call Him Dead (1955) Men, Martians and Machines (1955), containing four related novellas Wasp (1958) Next of Kin (1959), published earlier as The Space Willies (1958) The Great Explosion (1962) With a Strange Device (1964), also published as The Mindwarpers. Russell also wrote a large number of shorter works, many of which have been reprinted in collections such as Deep Space (1954), Six Worlds Yonder (1958), Far Stars (1961), Dark Tides (1962) and Somewhere a Voice (1965). His short story "Allamagoosa" (1955), which was essentially a science-fictional retelling of a traditional tall story called "The Shovewood", won the Hugo Award for Best Short Story. Russell wrote numerous non-fiction essays on Fortean themes, some of which were collected in a compendium of Forteana entitled Great World Mysteries (1957). His second non-fiction book was The Rabble Rousers (1963), a sardonic look at human folly including the Dreyfus affair and the Florida land boom. He also wrote Lern Yerself Scouse: The ABZ of Scouse (1966) under the pseudonym "Linacre Lane". Two omnibus collections of Russell's science fiction are available from NESFA Press: Major Ingredients (2000), containing 30 of his short stories, and Entities (2001) containing five novels. John Pelan's Midnight House published Dark Tides, a collection of Russell's horror and weird fiction, in 2006. The 1995 novel Design for Great-Day, published as by Alan Dean Foster and Eric Frank Russell, is an expansion by Foster of a 1953 short story of the same name by Russell.

Russell's novelette "Dear Devil" was the cover story in the May 1950 issue of Other Worlds Science Stories

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_Gim%C3%A9nez_(baseball)

Héctor Giménez (baseball)

Pittsburgh Pirates

Héctor Giménez (baseball) / Professional career / Pittsburgh Pirates

English: Héctor Giménez in Dodgers dugout.

Héctor Eliner Carasco Giménez [Ec-tor he-MEH-nes] is a Venezuelan former professional baseball catcher. He has previously played in Major League Baseball for the Chicago White Sox, Houston Astros and Los Angeles Dodgers.

He signed a minor league contract with the Pittsburgh Pirates in January 2009 and split the season between the AA Altoona Curve and AAA Indianapolis Indians. In 2010, he was with Altoona for the whole season and hit .305 in 94 games with 16 home runs, his highest total in any of his professional seasons.

Giménez with the Dodgers in 2011.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/H%C3%A9ctor_Gim%C3%A9nez_%282011%29.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Patch

Harry Patch

Legacy

Harry Patch / Legacy

English: Great Western Railway's 43172 is named Harry Patch to remember the last surviving British soldier who fought in World War One.

Henry John Patch, dubbed in his later years "the Last Fighting Tommy", was an English supercentenarian, briefly the oldest man in Europe and the last surviving combat soldier of the First World War from any country. He is known to have fought in the trenches of the Western Front. Patch was the longest-surviving soldier of World War I, but he was the fifth-longest-surviving veteran of any sort from World War I, behind British veterans Claude Choules and Florence Green, Frank Buckles of the United States and John Babcock of Canada. At the time of his death, aged 111 years, 1 month, 1 week and 1 day, Patch was the third oldest man in the world, behind Walter Breuning and Jiroemon Kimura, the latter of whom would become the oldest verified man ever.

Race horse trainer and owner Michael Jarvis named a horse after Patch in 2008. Having bought the horse in October 2007, during that year's Poppy Appeal, the Newmarket trainer decided to name him after a First World War veteran. Michael's daughter suggested Patch after reading an article about him. The horse won the 1:30 at Doncaster racecourse on 8 November 2008, the day before Remembrance Sunday. A commemorative plaque in Patch's memory is to be placed on the Guildhall in Bath. The BBC commissioned Carol Ann Duffy, the Poet Laureate, to write a poem to mark the deaths of Patch and Henry Allingham (who died one week before Patch, on 18 July 2009). The result, Last Post, was read by Duffy on the Today programme on BBC Radio 4 on 30 July 2009, the day of Allingham's funeral. On 5 August 2009, the band Radiohead released the song "Harry Patch (In Memory Of)". Singer Thom Yorke explained that the song was inspired by a 2005 interview with Patch on the Today programme on BBC Radio 4. The song was sold from Radiohead's website for £1, with proceeds donated to the British Legion. In mid-2009, Harry recorded some spoken word parts for UK heavy metal band Imperial Vengeance, to be included on the title track to the album At the Going Down of the Sun. The song was about the horrors of the trenches and Patch read part of the poem For the Fallen. The former UK Poet Laureate, Andrew Motion composed a poem, The Death of Harry Patch, which he read for the first time on The World at One Radio 4 programme on Armistice Day 2010. On 6 November 2015 Great Western Railway named one of their Class 43 High Speed locomotives after Harry to commemorate the forthcoming armistice day. The locomotive was wrapped in remembrance vinyls that included images of poppies, soldiers, and text from the 'For the Fallen' poem by Laurence Binyon. The locomotive nameplates read: 'Harry Patch The last survivor of the trenches' and included a coloured line of all eight ribbons from the medals awarded to Patch. Harry Patch's portrait, painted from life by the artist Bill Leyshon, was commissioned by the Western Daily Press in 2007 and is now in the collections of Somerset Museums Service, Taunton. After his passing, several articles have examined how Patch's life and image served as a reference point for thinking about the meaning of the Great War, commemoration and indeed the figure of the veteran. Patch's hard won pacifism for instance can be seen to sit uneasily with contemporary jingoism and militaristic rhetoric.

The commemorative nameplate on GWR HST Power Car no. 43172 stands under grey skies at Newton Abbot.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRUMEC

GRUMEC

Formation

GRUMEC / Formation

14/10/2014, Manaus - AM Fotos: Jorge Cardoso

The Combat Divers Group, abbreviated to GRUMEC, is the special forces unit of the Brazilian Navy. The GRUMEC was created in 1974 and is subordinate to the Submarine Force, which provides the primary means of transport for combat diver missions. GRUMEC teams can be transported to the target by a submarine, from which can reach the target by swimming, in kayaks, or in inflatable boats that can be launched from the submarine while it is still under water. The GRUMEC can also reach the target by parachute or helicopter. The function of the GRUMEC is to infiltrate undetected in coastal and riverine environments in order to perform tasks such as reconnaissance, sabotage and the elimination of targets of strategic value. In this sense it is similar to the U.S. Navy SEALs and British Special Boat Service. A member of the force is known as a "MEC", which is an abbreviation of "mergulhador de combate", meaning "combat diver".

Reputed as one of the hardest in the world, the Brazilian Navy Combat Diver's indoctrination and training methods are similar to other combat diver units such as the American SEALs, British SBS (Special Boat Service) or the DINOPS (Détachement d'Intervention Operationelle Subaquatique) belonging to the French Foreign Legion. The course is conducted in the MEC Cry. For officers of the Navy, the initial requirements include passing medical and psychological examinations, testing in a recompression chamber and arduous physical tests. The call CAMECO (Enhancement Course for Officers Combat Diver) lasts 41 weeks, is divided into four phases and aims to enable the military to operate diving equipment, weapons, explosives, tactics and techniques used for unconventional warfare and conflict low intensity, enabling them to perform, in short, the various types of Special Operations. Officials, of course, special emphasis is given to planning operations, but as a whole, the materials include: physical training and military defense; hygiene and first aid campaign, self-contained open-circuit, fighting techniques, riverine operations, demolition, weapons, communications, shore reconnaissance, submarine special operations, military planning process and case study, contemporary management, leadership; introduction to microcomputers, communications system of the Navy, and Intelligence. For enlisted (corporals or male sergeants with less than 30 years of age and able to reenlist), there is a C-ESP-MEC - Special Course Combat Divers, whose requirements for admission are the same as CAMECO. The duration is 42 weeks of instructional activities also drawn as to the officers, but those who endure the enormous physical and mental pressure of the course will be adequately prepared for the specialized tasks assigned to MECS. Throughout the period of the course, candidates are submitted to MEC to extreme physical and psychological hardships, and emphasized the attributes of combat leadership, wisdom, objectivity, improvisation, serene environment when subjected to high risks or stress, among other. The weather is always kept as close as possible to what would be found in a real operational situation. The pressure is constant so that, typically, a group that started the course, only about 30 to 40 percent receive final approval and with it the coveted wings (badge). All applicants are volunteers and may request the termination of the activity at any time. Clam also gives the C-EXP-MAUT-GAS-Diver Course Expedito of Closed-Circuit, available for both official and squares that have been judged fit to psychophysical control annual swim (or equivalent examination) for less than one year. Its duration is four weeks and is open also for military Marine Corps, Army and Air Force. It is always important to emphasize that the techniques of closed-circuit scuba diving with equipment that does not produce bubbles, are essential for most jobs in special operations, thanks to the discretion, silence and invisibility of the virtual operators to visual observation and detection by the enemy. After graduating MEC, the military is called to serve in GruMeC, where he has a full complement of training program and conduct advanced courses and internships in various areas such as deactivation of explosive devices (EOD), basic skydiving (static line jump), jumpmaster, HALO jump, HALO jumpmaster, precursor paratrooper (PREC), folding, maintenance and supplies by air (DOMPSA) stage basic mountaineering course in jungle operations, operational stage in the Pantanal, stage sniper (sniper), among others.

A GRUMEC operator at the Jungle Warfare training.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nowa_Wie%C5%9B_Reszelska

Nowa Wieś Reszelska

The shrine today

Nowa Wieś Reszelska / The shrine today

Rok Obrzędowy z Wikipedią - Nowa Wieś Reszelska - Grochówka - dar OSP

Nowa Wieś Reszelska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bisztynek, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. The village is located in the north of the Warmia and Mazury voivodeship, 9 km from Bisztynek. In 2010, it had a population of 40. In 1975-1998, when a different administrative division was in place, it was located in Olsztyn Voivodeship. Each August 26, Nowa Wieś Reszelska becomes a destination for pilgrims who come from nearby villages to participate in a mass and church fair that take place at the Shrine of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Częstochowa.

Each Easter the traditional food blessing takes place at the shrine. In May the faithful gather there for May Devotions and on 26 August (the Virgin Mary of Częstochowa Day) a Plenary Indulgence Mass is celebrated. According to a Warmia tradition, once a year a plenary indulgence mass has to be celebrated on the day of a shrine's patron saint. It was this ceremony that drew the attention of the people living in the nearby village of Sątopy, who eventually began to travel to Nowa Wieś Reszelska to attend the plenary indulgence mass. Jadwiga Kuźlik, the village leader, had the shrine renovated and painted blue - the colour of Virgin Mary.

During the fair traditional pea soup is offered to the visitors free of charge.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Line_(Washington_Metro)

Blue Line (Washington Metro)

History

Blue Line (Washington Metro) / History

A photo of the Farragut West station.

The Blue Line is a rapid transit line of the Washington Metro system, consisting of 27 stations in Fairfax County, Alexandria and Arlington, Virginia; the District of Columbia; and Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. The Blue Line runs from Franconia–Springfield to Largo Town Center. The line shares tracks with the Orange Line for 13 stations, the Silver Line for 18, and the Yellow Line for six. Only three stations are exclusive to the Blue Line. From May 22, 2019 to September 8, 2019 all Blue and Yellow Line services terminated at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport due to platform reconstruction.

Planning for Metro began with the Mass Transportation Survey in 1955 which attempted to forecast both freeway and mass transit systems sufficient to meet the needs of 1980. In 1959, the study's final report included two rapid transit lines which anticipated subways in downtown Washington. Because the plan called for extensive freeway construction within the District of Columbia, alarmed residents lobbied for federal legislation creating a moratorium on freeway construction through July 1, 1962. The National Capital Transportation Agency's 1962 Transportation in the National Capital Region report anticipated much of the present Blue Line route in Virginia with the route following the railroad right-of-way inside Arlington and Alexandria to Springfield. It did not include a route in Prince George's County. The route continued in rapid transit plans until the formation of WMATA. With the formation of WMATA in October 1966, planning of the system shifted from federal hands to a regional body with representatives of the District, Maryland and Virginia. Congressional route approval was no longer a key consideration. Instead, routes had to serve each local suburban jurisdiction to assure that they would approve bond referenda to finance the system. The Virginia portion of the Blue Line took much of its present form along the Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad right-of-way to Colchester, as construction along existing right-of-way is the least expensive way to build into the suburbs. A surface-level section of the Blue Line that parallels Virginia State Route 110 where passing Arlington National Cemetery and traveling between The Pentagon and Rosslyn replaced a section of the closed Rosslyn Connecting Railroad, a subsidiary of the Pennsylvania Railroad. The railroad's predecessor, the Washington Southern Railway, constructed the section in 1896 within the grade of the old disused Alexandria Canal. In March 1968, the WMATA board approved its 98-mile (158 km) Adopted Regional System (ARS) which included the Blue Line from Huntington to Addison Road, with a possible extension to Largo. The ARS contained a Blue Line/Orange Line station at Oklahoma Avenue between Stadium/Armory and the Anacostia River Bridge. Local residents objected to a proposed 1,000-car commuter parking lot at that station and the traffic that it would generate in the neighborhood. In reaction to their lobbying, the DC government insisted that the station be removed and that the tunnel for the line be extended through the neighborhood. This then made the line the only one to have a station canceled due to neighborhood opposition. To be constructed as an above ground station in the parking lot north of RFK Stadium near Oklahoma Avenue, the station was canceled saving Metro $12 million and the alignment of the line was shifted slightly to the east to address neighbor concerns. To better accommodate tourists, a Smithsonian station exit was added on the Mall and the federal government requested in 1972 that the Arlington Cemetery Station be added to the Blue Line. The federal government paid the cost of both design changes. Service on the Blue Line began on July 1, 1977, on 18 stations between National Airport in Arlington and Stadium-Armory in Washington – the first link of the Metro to Virginia. The line was extended by three stations to Addison Road on November 22, 1980. Service south of National Airport began on June 15, 1991 when Van Dorn Street opened. The original plan for the line was completed when this link was extended to Franconia–Springfield on June 29, 1997. Two new stations in Maryland – Morgan Boulevard and Largo Town Center – opened on December 18, 2004. From its opening on November 20, 1978, until December 11, 1979, the Orange Line was co-aligned with the Blue Line from National Airport to Stadium-Armory, with the Orange Line continuing east from Stadium-Armory to New Carrollton. Beginning December 1, 1979, the Orange Line diverged westward from Rosslyn to Ballston. The Blue and Orange Lines remain co-aligned from Rosslyn to Stadium-Armor

Farragut West Station

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Box_Office_Entertainment_Awards

2011 Box Office Entertainment Awards

2011 Box Office Entertainment Awards

English: Matteo Guidicelli performing at the KC Concepcion US Concert in November 12, 2010.

The 42nd Guillermo Mendoza Memorial Scholarship Foundation Box Office Entertainment Awards is a part of the annual awards in the Philippines held on May 10, 2011. The award-giving body honors Filipino actors, actresses and other performers' commercial success, regardless of artistic merit, in the Philippine entertainment industry.

The 42nd Guillermo Mendoza Memorial Scholarship Foundation Box Office Entertainment Awards (GMMSF-BOEA) is a part of the annual awards in the Philippines held on May 10, 2011. The award-giving body honors Filipino actors, actresses and other performers' commercial success, regardless of artistic merit, in the Philippine entertainment industry.

Matteo Guidicelli, Most Promising Male Star of the Year

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Chris_Cornell

List of songs recorded by Chris Cornell

Songs

List of songs recorded by Chris Cornell / Songs

English: Photography of Massimo Bottini of Gabin band

The following is a list of songs recorded by Chris Cornell. It features songs on which Cornell is credited as an individual artist, either lead or featured; songs by his bands Soundgarden, Temple of the Dog and Audioslave are not included on this list. Chris Cornell was an American rock musician from Seattle, Washington. He began his career in 1984 when he co-founded the grunge band Soundgarden, and later performed with Temple of the Dog from 1990 to 1992. In 1992, Cornell released his first solo EP Poncier and contributed the song "Seasons" to the Singles soundtrack, which also featured the track "Birth Ritual" by Soundgarden. He also collaborated with Alice in Chains and Mark Arm on "Right Turn" for the EP Sap. After Soundgarden split up in 1997, Cornell made a number of guest appearances for artists including Alice Cooper and Ramones, before releasing his debut solo album Euphoria Morning in 1999, which featured a number of songs co-written by Eleven members Alain Johannes and Natasha Shneider. From 2001 to 2007, he worked with former Rage Against the Machine members Tom Morello, Tim Commerford and Brad Wilk as part of Audioslave, who released three studio albums together.

Cornell collaborated with Italian band Gabin for the 2010 song "Lies".

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McCormick-Stillman_Railroad_Park

McCormick-Stillman Railroad Park

McCormick-Stillman Railroad Park

English: The entrance to the McCormick-Stillman Railroad park in Scottsdale, Az

McCormick-Stillman Railroad Park is a 40-acre railroad park located in Scottsdale, Arizona. It features a 15 in gauge railroad, a Magma Arizona Railroad locomotive, a railroad museum, three model railroad clubs and a 7 ¹⁄₂ in gauge live steam railroad.

McCormick-Stillman Railroad Park is a 40-acre (16 ha) railroad park located in Scottsdale, Arizona. It features a 15 in (381 mm) gauge railroad, a Magma Arizona Railroad locomotive, a railroad museum, three model railroad clubs and a 7 ¹⁄₂ in (190.5 mm) gauge live steam railroad.

McCornick-Stillman Railroad Park entrance

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa_Hin_Ngam_National_Park

Pa Hin Ngam National Park

Pa Hin Ngam National Park

English: Rock formations of Pa Hin Ngam National Park, Chaiyaphum province, Thailand Photo taken by User:Ahoerstemeier on July 14 2003.

Pa Hin Ngam is a national park in Chaiyaphum Province, Thailand. "Hin ngam" means "beautiful stone", "pa" means "forest". The park got its name from the strange rock formations at the west end of the park. Erosion has carved several large rocks into striking and unusual shapes. In 1985, the Tep Satit Forestry Department first surveyed the area, long popular with locals, and recommended its protection. In October 1986, Pa Hin Ngam Park was created, covering 10 km² around the strange rock formations which gave the park its name. In 1993, the Forestry Department of Thailand conducted a more thorough survey including the surrounding area, and recommended that it become a national park. The national park covering 112 km² was created on 19 September 1994, which was officially gazetted in 2007. The park is at the boundary of the Dong Phaya Yen Mountains and the Khorat Plateau. The steep cliff at the 846 m high Sut Phan Din viewpoint affords a view into a valley of the Sonthi River and the Sap Langka Wildlife Sanctuary. The name "Sut Phan Din" means "end of land", reflecting the steepness of the cliff. This cliff also marks the watershed between the Chao Phraya and the Mekong rivers.

Pa Hin Ngam (Thai: ป่าหินงาม) is a national park in Chaiyaphum Province, Thailand. "Hin ngam" means "beautiful stone", "pa" means "forest". The park got its name from the strange rock formations at the west end of the park. Erosion has carved several large rocks into striking and unusual shapes. In 1985, the Tep Satit Forestry Department first surveyed the area, long popular with locals, and recommended its protection. In October 1986, Pa Hin Ngam Park was created, covering 10 km² around the strange rock formations which gave the park its name. In 1993, the Forestry Department of Thailand conducted a more thorough survey including the surrounding area, and recommended that it become a national park. The national park covering 112 km² was created on 19 September 1994, which was officially gazetted in 2007. The park is at the boundary of the Dong Phaya Yen Mountains and the Khorat Plateau. The steep cliff at the 846 m high Sut Phan Din viewpoint affords a view into a valley of the Sonthi River and the Sap Langka Wildlife Sanctuary. The name "Sut Phan Din" (สุดแผ่นดิน) means "end of land", reflecting the steepness of the cliff. This cliff also marks the watershed between the Chao Phraya and the Mekong rivers. Lan Hin Ngam (ลานหินงาม) It was caused by the erosion of the soil and rocks into different shapes, which can be imagined as many kinds of objects and animals such as nails, radar, and hens. Dok Kra Jiao or Bua Sawan Field (ทุ่งดอกกระเจียว หรือ ทุ่งบัวสวรรค์) Kra Jiao, a kind of curcuma, is an annual plant in the same species as ginger-galingale, scattered generally from Lan Hin Ngam to the Sut Phaendin viewpoint. Near the viewpoint is one of the fields of the Siam tulip (Curcuma alismatifolia), called "Dok Kra Jiao" (ดอกกระเจียว) in Thai. The dipterocarp forests bloom with the purple flowers at the beginning of the rainy season in July. Sut Phaendin (สุดแผ่นดิน) is a steep cliff and the highest point of the Phang Hoei mountain range, two kilometres from the park office at 846 metres elevation. It is the cliff connecting between the central and northeastern regions. Namtok Thep Phana (น้ำตกเทพพนา) is a medium-size waterfall originating from Huai Krachon flowing from the Phang Hoei mountain range. It has three tiers. There is water only during the rainy season.

Rock formations

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serb_National_Council

Serb National Council

Structure

Serb National Council / Structure

Српски / srpski: Милорад Пуповац на комеморацији у Јадовну 26. јуна 2010. године, део фотографије.

The Serb National Council is an elected political, consulting and coordinating body which acts as a form of self-government and autonomous cultural institution of the Serbs of Croatia in matters regarding civil rights and cultural identity. The council's main focuses are human, civil and national rights, as well the issues of Serbs of Croatia identity, participation and integration in the Croatian society. The body was established as the national coordination of Serb community in Croatia in 1997, in the aftermath of the Croatian War of Independence and defeat of the self-proclaimed Republic of Serbian Krajina. The legal basis for its establishment was extracted from the international Erdut Agreement signed in 1995 which ended the conflict in the Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia by granting rights on cultural autonomy in exchange for peaceful reintegration. Serb National Council network consists of 94 regional and local councils with the total of 1581 councilors. They are elected every four years at the National Minorities Councils and Representatives Elections with the most recent one being organized in 2019.

The Serb National Council structure consist of Assembly, Presidency, The Supervisory Board, President, Deputy President and Vice Presidents. Permanent working bodies of Presidency are: 1) Committee for the selection, appointment and organization, 2) Committee for Human Rights in the constitutional and legal position of the Serbs, 3) Committee on education and youth, 4) Committee for return, reconstruction and socio-economic position of Serbs, 5) Committee on Information, publishing and documentation and 6) Committee for Cooperation with the Serbs in other countries.

Milorad Pupovac, who served as the president of the Serb National Council for 22 years until 2019.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Wells_(athlete)

Peter Wells (athlete)

First English schoolboy to clear 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) – 1947

Peter Wells (athlete) / First English schoolboy to clear 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) – 1947

English: Peter Wells Athlete 1947 04 18 - London AC Public Schools Challenge Cup - Record - 6ft 0in

Peter Wells was a British-born athlete who competed in the High Jump at the 1952 and 1956 Summer Olympics. He also represented England at the 1950 Empire Games in Auckland, and New Zealand at the 1954 Commonwealth Games in Vancouver. After the 1950 Empire Games in Auckland, Wells didn't travel back to England with the rest of the team, preferring to stay and settle in Christchurch, New Zealand. He lived in New Zealand for the rest of his life, apart from a short period in 1952 when he returned to England in order to qualify for the 1952 Summer Olympics. He died in Christchurch on 5 January 2018 after a short illness.

Wells first big meeting was the Public Schools’ championships of 1946 held on the University of London track at Motspur Park in Surrey, in which he came 3rd with 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m). Queen Elizabeth's School won the Public Schools Challenge Cup. On 18 April 1947, the meeting was again at Motspur Park, and this time Wells won the high jump title, in the process becoming the first English schoolboy to clear 6 ft 0in, beating the previous best of 5 ft 10.5 in (1.79 m) set by H.A.Simmons (Taunton's, Southampton) in 1928. Queen Elizabeth's School again won the challenge cup, and as athletics captain Wells had the responsibility of collecting it, plus the high jump cup, in a ceremony at the conclusion of the two-day meeting.

Wells, of Queen Elizabeth's School, becoming the first English schoolboy to clear 6 ft 0in

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergei_Korolev

Sergei Korolev

Early career

Sergei Korolev / Early career

English: Portrait of Sergey Korolyov

Sergei Pavlovich Korolev was a lead Soviet rocket engineer and spacecraft designer during the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s. He is regarded by many as the father of practical astronautics. He was involved in the development of the R-7 Rocket, Sputnik 1, and launching Laika and the first human being, Yuri Gagarin, into space. Although Korolev trained as an aircraft designer, his greatest strengths proved to be in design integration, organization and strategic planning. Arrested on a false official charge as a "member of an anti-Soviet counter-revolutionary organization", he was imprisoned in 1938 for almost six years, including some months in a Kolyma labour camp. Following his release he became a recognized rocket designer and a key figure in the development of the Soviet Intercontinental ballistic missile program. He later directed the Soviet space program and was made a Member of Soviet Academy of Sciences, overseeing the early successes of the Sputnik and Vostok projects including the first human Earth orbit mission by Yuri Alexeyvich Gagarin on 12 April 1961.

After graduation, Korolev worked with some of the best Soviet designers at the 4th Experimental Section aircraft design bureau OPO-4 headed by Paul Aimé Richard who emigrated to the USSR from France in the 1920s. He did not stand out in this group, but while so employed he also worked independently to design a glider capable of performing aerobatics. In 1930 he became interested in the possibilities of liquid-fueled rocket engines to propel airplanes while working as a lead engineer on the Tupolev TB-3 heavy bomber. Korolev earned his pilot's license in 1930 and explored the operational limits of the aircraft he piloted, wondering what was beyond his plane's altitude limit and how he could get there. Many believe this was the start of his interest in space. Korolev married Xenia Vincentini on 6 August 1931. He had first proposed marriage to her in 1924, but she then declined so she might continue her higher education. In 1931, Korolev and space travel enthusiast Friedrich Zander participated in the creation of the Group for the Study of Reactive Motion (GIRD), one of the earliest state-sponsored centers for rocket development in the USSR. In May 1932 Korolev was appointed chief of the group; and military interest encouraged funding of group projects. GIRD developed three different propulsion systems, each more successful than the last. Their first launch of a liquid-fueled rocket was GIRD-X in 1933. (Although this is often cited as the GIRD-09, the hybrid GIRD-09 used solid gasoline and liquid oxygen.) This was just seventeen years after Colonel Ivan Platonovich Grave's first launch in 1916 (patent in 1924). Growing military interest in this new technology caused GIRD to be merged with the Gas Dynamics Laboratory (GDL) at Leningrad in 1933 to create the Jet Propulsion Research Institute (RNII), headed up by the military engineer Ivan Kleimenov and containing a number of enthusiastic proponents of space travel, including Valentin Glushko. In 1932 Korolev began working on GRID-6, experimenting on the idea of Jet Fighters. The earliest models were made in the same year, only to be fully operational and doing its first manned flight in year 1940. Korolev became the Deputy Chief of the institute, where he supervised development of cruise missiles and a crewed rocket-powered glider. "Rocket Flight in Stratosphere" was published by Korolev in 1934. On 10 April 1935, Korolev's wife gave birth to their daughter, Natalya; and they moved out of Sergei's parents' home and into their own apartment in 1936. Both Korolev and his wife had careers, and Sergei always spent long hours at his design office. By now he was chief engineer at RNII. The RNII team continued their development work on rocketry, with particular focus on the area of stability and control. They developed automated gyroscope stabilization systems that allowed stable flight along a programmed trajectory. Korolev was a charismatic leader who served primarily as an engineering project manager. He was a demanding, hard-working man, with a disciplinary style of management. Korolev personally monitored all key stages of the programs and paid meticulous attention to detail.

Korolev in comdiv uniform (1933).

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaiser_Wilhelm_Memorial_Church

Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church

Spire and memorial hall

Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church / Spire and memorial hall

English: Photograph of the cross made of nails from Coventry Cathedral

The Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church is a Protestant church affiliated with the Evangelical Church in Berlin, Brandenburg and Silesian Upper Lusatia, a regional body of the Evangelical Church in Germany. It is located in Berlin on the Kurfürstendamm in the centre of the Breitscheidplatz. The original church on the site was built in the 1890s. It was badly damaged in a bombing raid in 1943. The present building, which consists of a church with an attached foyer and a separate belfry with an attached chapel, was built between 1959 and 1963. The damaged spire of the old church has been retained and its ground floor has been made into a memorial hall. The Memorial Church today is a famous landmark of western Berlin, and is nicknamed by Berliners "der hohle Zahn", meaning "the hollow tooth".

The entrance hall in the base of the damaged spire was reopened to visitors, having been consecrated on 7 January 1987. Its floor contains a mosaic of the Archangel Michael fighting the dragon. The vault shows a procession of Hohenzollern princes, early and more recent. Other mosaics show important monarchs in medieval Germany, Reformation thinkers and Reformation princes. Bas-relief sculptures illustrate scenes from biblical stories, scenes from the life of Kaiser Wilhelm I and symbolic figures representing war and peace. In the north apse are 16 display panels which tell the story of the old church and its destruction. At the opposite end of the hall are three items which symbolise the history of the church. In the middle is a damaged statue of Christ which originally stood on the altar of the old church. To its right is the Cross of Nails which was made from nails in the roof timbers of Coventry Cathedral, which had been severely damaged in a German air raid on 14 November 1940. To the left of the statue of Christ is an icon cross which was given by the Russian Orthodox Church and handed over in 1988. Outside the hall are four sandstone figures made by Stefan Kaehne. In December 2007, Charles Jeffrey Gray, a former British pilot who carried out World War II bombing raids over Germany, joined a campaign to rescue the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church from decay. After reading about the condition of the Church, Gray contacted Wolfgang Kuhla, the chairman of the church's advisory board, urging that its tower be restored. In response, a fund was launched to help raise the costs of its repair.

Cross of nails from Coventry Cathedral

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anitta_(singer)

Anitta (singer)

2012–13: Debut album and initial success

Anitta (singer) / Career / 2012–13: Debut album and initial success

English: MC anitta at Ginga. Português: MC Anitta em Ginga.

Larissa de Macedo Machado, known professionally by her stage name Anitta, is a Brazilian singer, songwriter, television host, actress, business woman and entrepreneur. She began singing at age 8 in a choir from a Catholic church in the Honório Gurgel neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro. In 2010, after posting a video on YouTube, Renato Azevedo, then producer of the independent record company Furacão 2000, called her to sign a contract with the label. Due to the success of the song "Meiga e Abusada" in 2012, she signed a contract with Warner Music Brasil the following year. Anitta rose to national fame in 2013 after releasing the single "Show das Poderosas", which reached the top of the Brasil Hot 100 Airplay chart. Its music video has been viewed over 150 million times on YouTube. In July of the same year, she released her debut studio album which received a triple gold record certificate and platinum certification by ABPD. The album hit the mark of 170,000 copies sold, being also released in Portugal. Ritmo Perfeito, her second studio album, sold 45,000 copies after a month of its release. On the same day she also released her first live album, Meu Lugar.

In 2010, Anitta was invited by funk carioca producer Renato Azevedo (known as Batutinha) to perform some tests after he saw one of her videos singing. After being approved, she signed with independent recording label Furacão 2000. That same year she released her first song on radio stations in Rio de Janeiro, the promotional single "Eu Vou Ficar", which was included on the Armagedom DVD, released by Furacão 2000. Advised by her producer, she decided to put another "t" in the stage name. A year later, the song "Fica Só Olhando" was included on the second version of the DVD. Her first televised appearance was on May 16, 2012 on TV program Cante se Puder, on SBT, where she sang "Exttravasa", a song by Claudia Leitte, inside a beer cup. In June 2012, Kamilla Fialho, after watching a performance on stage by Anitta, offered to be her manager, paying a fine of $46.000 required to release the singer from her contract with Furacão 2000, later signing her to Kamilas's company K2L. In early 2013, she created the "quadradinho" choreography, which was very successful among funk groups. In January 2013, due to the success of the song "Meiga e Abusada" in Rio de Janeiro, Anitta signed a recording contract with Warner Music Group. "Meiga e Abusada" became one of the most requested songs in Brazilian radio stations in early 2013. A music video for the song was recorded in Las Vegas, and directed by American director Blake Farber, who has worked with Beyoncé. Her debut, self-titled debut album was released in June 2013. The music video for the song "Show das Poderosas" received considerable attention by the media in May 2013, becoming the most watched music video on YouTube in Brazil, surpassing 130 million views. Also helping to music, which remained for weeks at the top of the best selling in iTunes Brazil, and making it the third most played song on the radio in the country in 2013. The song also held the top ten of the music charts in Spain, Portugal and Argentina. At the time, the singer's booking was estimated at $27.000 per concert, being one of the highest in Brazil. In 2019, the booking of her concerts was $65,000. The singer does an average of 200 concerts a year.  

Anitta in June 2013

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nieppe

Nieppe

Nieppe

Français : Hôtel de ville du bourg de la ville de Nieppe

The town hall in Nieppe

Nieppe is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It is in the Lys Plain and a portion of it is in the Lys Valley.

Nieppe (Dutch: Niepkerke) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It is in the Lys Plain and a portion of it is in the Lys Valley (Leiedal in Dutch).

The town hall in Nieppe

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Consul_Classic

Ford Consul Classic

Concept and development

Ford Consul Classic / Concept and development

English: 1963 Ford Consul Classic 1.5 Rear Taken at the British Motor Museum Old Ford Rally 2018, Gaydon

The Ford Consul Classic is a mid-sized car that was launched in May 1961 and built by Ford UK from 1961 to 1963. It was available in two or four door saloon form, in Standard or De Luxe versions, and with floor or column gearshift. The name Ford Consul 315 was used for export markets. The Ford Consul Capri was a 2-door coupé version of the Classic, and was available from 1961 until 1964. The 1,340 cc four-cylinder pre-crossflow Kent engine was replaced in August 1962 by an over-square 1,498 cc engine with a new five-bearing crankshaft and a new gearbox with synchromesh on all four forward ratios. Steering and suspension also received "greased for life" joints. It is sometimes referred to as the Ford 109E, though that was only one of four such codes utilized for the Consul Classic, as explained below. Obvious competitor models at the time included the Hillman Minx and Singer Gazelle from Rootes Group.

The Classic was made by Ford to be "suitable for the golf club car park", and was originally intended for introduction earlier and deletion later than actually occurred. The styling exercises were mainly undertaken in 1956 under Colin Neale. The main styling cues came straight from Dearborn (Michigan) as they often did, defining the car as a scaled-down Galaxie 500, from the waist down, topped with a Lincoln Continental roofline. Other aspects of R&D followed, and it is likely that a recognisably similar car could have been introduced in 1959 subject to different senior management decisions. In practice the run-away early success of the Anglia (1959 on) used up most of the car manufacturing capacity at Dagenham, vindicating the decision to compete against the BMC Mini (the Halewood plant did not open until 1963). Ford therefore entered the 1960s with the small Anglia, Popular and Prefect, the big "three graces" launched back in 1956, and not the mid-size market Classic.

Ford Consul Classic 4-door

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libre_Clothing

Libre Clothing

Libre Clothing

English: Horizontal logo

Libre Clothing is a clothing line designed for dialysis and chemotherapy patients who lack comfort and warmth during their treatment. The clothing has hidden zipper access points to expose a port or infusion site on the patient's body. The port areas include the arm, upper thigh, or chest. The articles of clothing in which Libre specializes in are comfortable sweaters, sweatshirts, and sweatpants. Libre Clothing has partnered with hospitals, dialysis clinics, and the National Kidney Foundation to help spread awareness of their new innovative product. 5% of all proceeds go towards one of their partner charity organizations. The name Libre was chosen because it means open or free. It refers to both the openings in the clothing and the feeling patients have while wearing the products.

Libre Clothing is a clothing line designed for dialysis and chemotherapy patients who lack comfort and warmth during their treatment. The clothing has hidden zipper access points to expose a port or infusion site on the patient's body. The port areas include the arm, upper thigh, or chest. The articles of clothing in which Libre specializes in are comfortable sweaters, sweatshirts, and sweatpants. Libre Clothing has partnered with hospitals, dialysis clinics, and the National Kidney Foundation to help spread awareness of their new innovative product. 5% of all proceeds go towards one of their partner charity organizations. The name Libre was chosen because it means open or free. It refers to both the openings in the clothing and the feeling patients have while wearing the products.

Libre brand logo

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysome_profiling

Polysome profiling

The procedure

Polysome profiling / The procedure

English: Polysome Profiling; sucrose gradient and immunoblot

Polysome profiling is a technique in molecular biology that is used to study the association of mRNAs with ribosomes. It is important to note that this technique is different from ribosome profiling. Both techniques have been reviewed and both are used in analysis of the translatome, but the data they generate are at very different levels of specificity. When employed by experts, the technique is remarkably reproducible: the 3 profiles in the first image are from 3 different experiments.

The procedure begins by making a cell lysate of the cells of interest. This lysate contains polysomes, monosomes (composed of one ribosome residing on an mRNA), the small (40S in eukaryotes) and large (60S in eukaryotes) ribosomal subunits, "free" mRNA and a host of other soluble cellular components. The procedure continues by making a continuous sucrose gradient of continuously-variable density in a centrifuge tube. At the concentrations used (15-45% in the example), sucrose does not disrupt the association of ribosomes and mRNA. The 15% portion of the gradient is at the top of the tube, while the 45% portion is at the bottom because of their different density. A specific amount (as measured by optical density) of the lysate is then layered gently on top of the gradient in the tube. The lysate, even though it contains a large amount of soluble material, is much less dense than 15% sucrose, and so it can be kept as a separate layer at the top of the tube if this is done gently. In order to separate the components of the lysate, the preparation is subjected to centrifugation. This accelerates the components of the lysate with many times the force of gravity and thus propels them through the gradient based upon how "big" the individual components are. The small (40S) subunits travel less far into the gradient than the large (60S) subunits. The 80S ribsomes on an mRNA travel further (note that the contribution of the size of the mRNA to the distance traveled is not significant). Polysomes composed of 2 ribosomes travel further, polysomes with 3 ribsomes travel further still, and on and on. The "size" of the components is designated by S, the svedberg unit. Note that one S = 10⁻¹³ seconds, and that the concept of "big" is actually an oversimplification. After centrifugation, the contents of the tube are collected as fractions from the top (smaller, slower traveling) to bottom (bigger, faster traveling) and the optical density of the fractions is determined. The first fractions removed have a large amount of relatively small molecules, such as tRNAs, individual proteins, etc.

sucrose gradient and immunoblot

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1581_in_art

1581 in art

Works

1581 in art / Works

The year 1581 in art involved some significant events and new works.

Anonymous – Portrait of Dorothy and Penelope Devereux (approximate date) Antonio Campi – The Martyrdom of St. Lawrence (San Paolo Converso, Milan) Lavinia Fontana Deposition Noli me tangere Nicholas Hilliard – Portrait miniature of Sir Francis Drake

Campi – The Martyrdom of St. Lawrence

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrij_Parekh

Andrij Parekh

Andrij Parekh

English: Cinamatographer Andrij Parekh at 44th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival

Andrij Parekh is an American cinematographer.

Andrij Parekh (born September 20, 1971) is an American cinematographer.

Parekh at 44th KVIFF

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Electroputere_locomotives

List of Electroputere locomotives

Diesel locomotives

List of Electroputere locomotives / For Romanian Railways / Diesel locomotives

English: CFR locomotive 60-1103-5 at Pitesti

The following is a list of diesel and electric locomotives produced by Electroputere Craiova, Romania.

The diesel electric locomotives employed by CFR and built by Electroputere Craiova are known as classes 60 to 68 and originally registered under the series 060-DA. They were based on a design created by SLM Winterthur, BBC Baden and Sulzer Winterthur and bears, externally, resemblance to AE 6/6 Swiss electric locomotives. New diesel modernised (post-1999) locomotives are painted in blue livery, while older ones have grey livery.

CFR Class 60 Diesel electric locomotive

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand_St-Arnaud

Bertrand St-Arnaud

Bertrand St-Arnaud

Français : Cérémonie de remise de l'ordre national du Québec 2013. Bertrand St-Arnaud

Bertrand St-Arnaud is a politician in the Canadian province of Quebec, who was elected to represent the riding of Chambly in the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2008 provincial election. He was defeated in the 2014 Quebec general election by Coalition Avenir Quebec candidate Jean-Francois Roberge. He is a member of the Parti Québécois. St-Arnaud first obtained a license degree in law from the Université de Montréal and later added a master's degree in political sciences from the Université Laval. He also made studies in Europe with a degree from the University of Lund in Sweden. He practised law from 1987 to 2000 and in 2005. He was also the press secretary for the Cabinet of the Premier of Quebec in 1985 and would work for the intergovernmental affairs department as well as for the Library of the National Assembly of Quebec and the Cabinet director for the Minister of International Relations from 2000 to 2003.

Bertrand St-Arnaud (born 13 September 1958) is a politician in the Canadian province of Quebec, who was elected to represent the riding of Chambly in the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2008 provincial election. He was defeated in the 2014 Quebec general election by Coalition Avenir Quebec candidate Jean-Francois Roberge. He is a member of the Parti Québécois. St-Arnaud first obtained a license degree in law from the Université de Montréal and later added a master's degree in political sciences from the Université Laval. He also made studies in Europe with a degree from the University of Lund in Sweden. He practised law from 1987 to 2000 and in 2005. He was also the press secretary for the Cabinet of the Premier of Quebec in 1985 and would work for the intergovernmental affairs department as well as for the Library of the National Assembly of Quebec and the Cabinet director for the Minister of International Relations from 2000 to 2003.

Bertrand St-Arnaud at the National Order of Quebec ceremony in June 2013.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_sensing_atmospheric_boundary_layer

Remote sensing atmospheric boundary layer

Closed cells

Remote sensing atmospheric boundary layer / Planetary boundary layer clouds / Closed cells

English: Satellite image providing detail of clouds in closed cellular convection. MODIS Terra image taken southeast of South Africa

Remote sensing of the planetary boundary layer refers to the utilization of ground-based, flight-based, or satellite-based remote sensing instruments to measure properties of the planetary boundary layer including boundary layer height, aerosols and clouds. Satellite remote sensing of the atmosphere has the advantage of being able to provide global coverage of atmospheric planetary boundary layer properties while simultaneously providing relatively high temporal sampling rates. Advancements in satellite remote sensing have provided greater vertical resolution which enables higher accuracy for planetary boundary layer measurements. The radiative forcing for marine boundary layer clouds is imperative for understanding any global warming changes. Low-level clouds, including MBL clouds, have the largest net radiative forcing of all clouds. The albedo of these low level clouds is much higher than the albedo of the underlying ocean surface and correctly modeling these clouds is needed to limit the uncertainty in climate model predictions.

Closed cells contain cloud filled regions in the center of the hexagon formation with cloud free regions on the edge of the hexagon. The closed cell has slow rising motion in the middle and faster descending motion at the edges. Closed cells tend to occur over warmer waters such as those associated with the Kuroshio Current and the Gulf Stream. Closed cellular patterns are generally formed under weak convective mixing in the lower levels with an inversion layer cap. They commonly occur in the eastern sections of subtropical high pressure regions or in the southeastern quadrant of polar highs.

MODIS image of closed cellular convection taken southeast of South Africa

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius_Prawiro

Radius Prawiro

Radius Prawiro

English: Portrait of Radius Prawiro.

Dr. Radius Prawiro, Drs.ec., AK was an Indonesian economist and politician.

Dr. Radius Prawiro, Drs.ec., AK (29 June 1928 in Yogyakarta – 26 May 2005 in Munich) was an Indonesian economist and politician.

Radius Prawiro

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_Botanic_Gardens

City Botanic Gardens

Description

City Botanic Gardens / Description

English: Curator's house in the City Botanic Gardens, Brisbane, Queensland, 2020

The City Botanic Gardens is a heritage-listed botanic garden on Alice Street, Brisbane City, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was also known as Queen's Park. It is located on Gardens Point in the Brisbane CBD and is bordered by the Brisbane River, Alice Street, George Street, Parliament House and Queensland University of Technology's Gardens Point campus. The Gardens include Brisbane's most mature gardens, with many rare and unusual botanic species. In particular the Gardens feature a special collection of cycads, palms, figs and bamboo. The City Botanic Gardens was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 3 February 1997. The Queensland Heritage Register describes the Gardens as "the most significant, non-Aboriginal cultural landscape in Queensland, having a continuous horticultural history since 1828, without any significant loss of land area or change in use over that time. It remains the premier public park and recreational facility for the capital of Queensland, which role it has performed since the early 1840s."

The Brisbane Botanic Gardens, occupying 20 hectares (49 acres), is bounded by George and Alice Streets and the Brisbane river. They comprise three major sections: the former Queen's Park along Alice Street, the Botanic Gardens proper (adjacent to the river), and the former Government Domain at the rear of the Queensland University of Technology (formerly part of the grounds to Old Government House). Set in undulating grounds, the gardens are bordered by mature shade trees which also create avenues and groves. A lake and formal lawns, gardens and structures provide a diversity of passive recreational activities. A series of interconnecting paths link a riverside concourse with other perimeter paths. The gardens contain an avenue of Bunya Pines (Araucaria bidwilli) planted in the 1850s and an avenue of Weeping Figs (Ficus benjamina) planted in the 1870s. It also contains a number of other rare plants, particularly palms and figs – some in formal planting arrangements within the lawns, others within mass planted gardens – and an avenue of Cook Pines (Araucaria columnaris formerly A. cookii). A low stone wall (1860s) surmounted by an iron railing fence runs the length of Alice Street and extends into George Street. Large iron gates provide entry at George, Albert and Edward Streets. A cottage c. 1900s, with Arts and Crafts decorative elements, is located at the southern end of the gardens on a hill known as Residence Hill. This building is surrounded by trees and shrubs, some of which are survivors of late 1850s and early 1860s plantings. The City Gardens Cafe operated from the house for many years; in 2016 it is operated as The Garden Club. In a hollow to the north of Residence Hill, is the Walter Hill fountain. It stands on a stepped octagonal base of three tiers. The body of the fountain continues this shape but tapers towards its top. The lion shaped drinking fountains, presently not functioning, and basins are of white marble in contrast with the freestone of the rest of the structure. To the south of Residence Hill is a 1980s grassed amphitheatre known as Riverstage facing a stage beside the river. Other structures for public convenience and recreational use are dispersed throughout the gardens.

Curator's house (now cafe), 2020

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aker_Stadion

Aker Stadion

Attendance

Aker Stadion / Attendance

Picture of Aker stadion in Molde, taken from a passing ferry in July 2006.

The Aker Stadion is an all-seater football stadium located at Reknes in Molde, Norway, and is the home of Eliteserien club Molde. The stadium has a current capacity of 11,249 spectators. The building was designed by architect Kjell Kosberg. It cost 212 million kr, most of which was paid for by club-owner Kjell Inge Røkke—after whom the ground has been nicknamed "Røkkeløkka". The main construction work took place 1997, and the stadium was inaugurated on 18 April 1998 in a league game against Lillestrøm, replacing Molde idrettspark as Molde's home ground. The stadium was nominated for the FIABCI Prix D' Excellence and awarded the City Prize in 1999. The record attendance of 13,308 was set in a league match against Rosenborg in 1998. The same year, the arena hosted its first international match, where Norway beat Saudi Arabia 6–0. The following year, when Molde reached the UEFA Champions League, the stadium was converted to an all-seater, reducing its capacity. Since May 2006, the stadium name has been sponsored by Røkke's company Aker. The grass pitch was replaced with artificial turf in 2014.

The stadium has hosted more than 10,000 spectators 38 times, including the international game between Norway and Saudi Arabia, which attracted 13,114 spectators. Molde FK has attracted such attendance thirty-four times in Eliteserien, of which thirteen have been against Rosenborg BK and eight in derbies against Aalesunds FK. In addition, two high-attendance matches have been played in Champions League and one in the Norwegian Cup. The all-time record dates from the 1998 derby with Rosenborg BK, which was followed by 13,308 spectators. The highest average attendance at Aker Stadion over a league season was 9,817, set in the 2011 season. The lowest average attendance at Aker Stadon came in the 2004 season, when an average of 5,554 spectators watched each game. The following list includes the attendance for Molde FK during the home domestic league matches. It excludes cup and UEFA tournaments. In 2007, the club played in the 1. divisjon. The table includes average, minimum and maximum attendance, in addition to the attendance rank among the top-league teams.

The stadium as seen from the fjord

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef_O%27Connor

Josef O'Connor

Work

Josef O'Connor / Work

English: Exterior photo of 'Worthless' installation by artist Josef O'Connor (2009) in Covent Garden, London.

Josef O'Connor is a British Irish artist. His multi-disciplinary works include interactive media and digital content.

In 2007, O'Connor launched the digital art platform "Pollocks" in an attempt to challenge the traditional gallery model, by providing a virtual space for young creatives to upload and share their work online. In 2008, starting with the re-appropriation of empty retail space on London's Carnaby Street, O’Connor invited members of the public to contribute to the evolution of "Blank Canvas". The performance ran for two weeks, with live musical performances from Laura Marling and Ladyhawke. Other notable contributors included Annie Lennox, Levi Palmer, Marc Quinn and photographer Rankin. Later in the year, O’Connor exhibited alongside Marlene Dumas as part of the Free Art Fair at The Barbican Centre in London. Inspired by the Global Financial Crisis, O’Connor presented 'Worthless', a live art installation that parodied the iconic retail giant Woolworths, the public was encouraged to submit their 'worthless' item and have it transformed into a work of art. Once transformed, participants were invited to buy back the works, for the sum of money that they believed it was worth. In response to the 2010 General Election, O’Connor launched ‘Billbored’- a non-partisan viral art initiative that allowed the general public, artists and designers to submit a digital billboard artwork featuring their personal political slogans and manifestos for change. Designs were projected in a guerilla campaign onto famous London landmarks, including Big Ben, Tate Modern, St Paul's Cathedral and The Bank of England. In 2012, O'Connor entered into the Gagosian Gallery's 'Spot Challenge'. Utilizing social media with the #AVERAGEJOE hashtag, he crowdfunded £10,000 in a week to fund a trip around the world and making a global community of 286 shareholders the unlikely winners of a Damien Hirst Spot Print. Mirroring a period of extreme disadvantage and political upheaval, O’Connor's multidisciplinary artwork is currently being made into a film.

The exterior of 'Worthless' by artist Josef O'Connor (2009) in London.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Malaysia

Postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia

The Straits Settlements

Postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia / Mail development / The Straits Settlements

English: 1904 $10 Johore stamp; Sultan Ibrahim. SG # 59-73 (61-75). Русский: Почтовая марка султаната Джохор 1904 г. номиналом 10 долларов, султан Ибрагим. № по каталогу Стэнли-Гиббонс 59-73 (61-75).

The history of postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia, a state in Southeast Asia that occupies the south of the Malay peninsula and Sarawak and Sabah in the north Borneo, includes the development of postal services in these periods: the sultanates as British protectorates, Japanese occupation during the Second World War, British military administration and independence of the state. Malaysia has been issuing stamps after independence from the United Kingdom in 1957, first as the Federation of Malaya, then as Malaysia after 1963. The national postal operator is Pos Malaysia.

In 1867, the first stamps of the Straits Settlements colony were issued, which were stamps of British India overprinted with a crown and new values in local currency. In December 1867, the first definitives were issued.

1904 stamp of Johore depicting Sultan Ibrahim.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Hill_Cottage_Homes

Sidney Hill Cottage Homes

Sundial

Sidney Hill Cottage Homes / Sundial

English: Sidney Hill Cottage Homes, Front Street, Churchill. Wesleyan Almshouses. View through central archway and displaying the coat of arms of Sidney HIll

Sidney Hill Cottage Homes, whose official name is Sidney Hill Churchill Wesleyan Cottage Homes, is a Grade II listed estate of Wesleyan cottage homes in the village of Churchill in North Somerset. It was opened in December 1907 to provide furnished accommodation for people in need. Designed in an Arts and Crafts Vernacular style by Thomas Ball Silcock and Samuel Sebastian Reay FRIBA of Silcock and Reay, architects at Bath and London, twelve cottages were constructed on three sides of a quadrangle, with landscaped gardens. The third, or south side, is enclosed by a low terrace wall with wrought iron gates. A large stone sundial, with a spreading base, is set in the centre of the quadrangle. In their original form, each house had a living room, with a small scullery, larder, coal house, and one bedroom with a large storeroom. Sidney Hill, a wealthy local businessman and benefactor, paid for the construction costs and endowed a fund to maintain the homes. Sidney Hill Churchill Wesleyan Cottage Homes, a registered charitable trust and a member of the National Association of Almshouses, continues to manage the homes and provide accommodation for local people in need.

A large stone sundial, designed by Silcock and Reay, stands on a base of brick in the centre of the quadrangle, and is listed separately as a Grade II monument by Historic England. It has a limestone mid course and cornice, and a hexagonal stone shaft 4.5 metres (15 feet) metres high, developing from four consoles that have decorative features in lead. A square sundial, with four bronze plates and a ball finial, are affixed to the top of the shaft. The four brass plates bear the following: There are also four brass bronze plates attached around the base of the sundial that inscribe a quatrain of John Greenleaf Whittier, called Inscription on a Sun-Dial for Dr. Henry I. Bowditch. Whittier wrote the quatrain originally as an inscription for a sundial plate owned by Dr. Henry Ingersoll Bowditch. With warning hand I mark Time’s rapid flight From Life’s glad morning to its solemn night; Yet, through the dear God’s love, I also show There’s Light above me by the shade below. — (Taunton Courier 29 August 1934, p. 10)

View through the central archway towards the quadrangle and the sundial. Sidney Hill's coat of arms is shown over the archway

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Walton_Taber

Isaac Walton Taber

Isaac Walton Taber

"Will's rifle went off, but without effect". 1 drawing : wash. Published in: "The Rendezvous at East Gorge" by E. Vinton Blake, St. Nicholas, 19:683 (July 1892).

Isaac Walton Taber was an American illustrator active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was also known as "Walton Taber." As his work was often credited to "I. W. Taber," he has been confused with the photographer Isaiah West Taber. Born in New Bedford, Massachusetts, Tabor was the third of four sons born to merchant Isaac W. Taber and Lydia Taber. He studied at the Cooper Union Art School and exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy. He was known for his pen and ink work drawn from photographs; he is most well known for the 250 illustrations he created for the four-volume Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. His illustrations were published in popular magazines including St. Nicholas and Century. Tabor illustrated Rudyard Kipling's Captains Courageous, Frank T. Bullen's Cruise of the Cachalot, and the 1928 edition of Herman Melville's Moby Dick. Taber died in New York City on February 12, 1933.

Isaac Walton Taber (circa 1857 – February 12, 1933) was an American illustrator active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was also known as "Walton Taber." As his work was often credited to "I. W. Taber," he has been confused with the photographer Isaiah West Taber (1830-1912). Born in New Bedford, Massachusetts, Tabor was the third of four sons born to merchant Isaac W. Taber and Lydia (née Hart) Taber. He studied at the Cooper Union Art School and exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy (1880-1881; 1893). He was known for his pen and ink work drawn from photographs; he is most well known for the 250 illustrations he created for the four-volume Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. His illustrations were published in popular magazines including St. Nicholas and Century. Tabor illustrated Rudyard Kipling's Captains Courageous, Frank T. Bullen's Cruise of the Cachalot, and the 1928 edition of Herman Melville's Moby Dick. Taber died in New York City on February 12, 1933.

Will's rifle went off but without effect

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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binghamton,_New_York

Binghamton, New York

Binghamton, New York

English: This picture was taken by a close friend (Laura Roth of Washington, DC) who gave me permission to utilize this picture on Wikipedia. I was present at the time the picture was taken and know it was originally created by her.

Binghamton is a city in the U.S. state of New York. It is near Pennsylvania, and sits along the Susquehanna River. In 2010, 47,376 people lived in the city, while 251,725 people lived in the metropolitan area. In the past, Binghamton was known for making cigars, shoes, and computers. IBM started in the Binghamton area. Today, the area is home to Binghamton University. Binghamton is home to the Binghamton Senators hockey team and the Binghamton Mets baseball team.

Binghamton is a city in the U.S. state of New York. It is near Pennsylvania, and sits along the Susquehanna River. In 2010, 47,376 people lived in the city, while 251,725 people lived in the metropolitan area. In the past, Binghamton was known for making cigars, shoes, and computers. IBM started in the Binghamton area. Today, the area is home to Binghamton University. Binghamton is home to the Binghamton Senators hockey team and the Binghamton Mets baseball team.

Binghamton at night

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delaware_Sports_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame

Delaware Sports Museum and Hall of Fame

Delaware Sports Museum and Hall of Fame

English: Delaware Sports Museum and Hall of Fame at Frawley Stadium where the Blue Rock baseball team plays. Located on the Christina Riverfront in Wilmington, Delaware.

The Delaware Sports Museum and Hall of Fame is a membership-based organization founded in 1976. The organization runs a museum with exhibits at Daniel S. Frawley Stadium on the Riverfront in Wilmington, Delaware and promotes physical fitness in the community. The museum is a member of the International Sports Heritage Association.

The Delaware Sports Museum and Hall of Fame is a membership-based organization founded in 1976. The organization runs a museum with exhibits at Daniel S. Frawley Stadium on the Riverfront in Wilmington, Delaware and promotes physical fitness in the community. The museum is a member of the International Sports Heritage Association.

Museum entrance

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picacho,_California

Picacho, California

History

Picacho, California / History

English: Ruins of the old ore processing mill overlooking the Colorado River near the site of Picacho, California.

Picacho is an unincorporated community in Imperial County, California. It is located on the Colorado River 29 miles south-southeast of Palo Verde, at an elevation of 203 feet. Picacho, now a ghost town, was an early mining town on the Colorado River. It was named Picacho after a nearby mountain of the same name. The original townsite itself is beneath Imperial Reservoir, but remains of some of the ore mills are above the lake level. The area is within Picacho State Recreation Area. The site is now registered as California Historical Landmark #193.

Spaniards probably mined placer gold in the area as early as 1780. The area became very active when prospector Jose Maria Mendivil discovered gold veins in the nearby hills in the early 1860s. Prospectors originally used the dry placering method because the scarcity of water did not permit regular gold panning methods. Dry placering consisted of shoveling sand and gravel onto a blanket and shaking the blanket until only the heavier gold particles remain. A "blanketful" of gold could yield over $20 in gold at 1860s prices. Mendivil laid out the townsite of Rio, which was soon renamed Picacho. During Picacho's heyday Mendivil sold his claims and homesteaded a section of land along the river bank where he laid out the town, naming the streets after his daughters. The town had a population of 2,500, three stores, three elementary schools, numerous saloons, and was served by steamboats of the Colorado River that connected the mining towns along the Colorado River. Besides mining, men were employed on the stages, as ranchers and cowboys on neighboring homesteads, and many men labored as woodcutters in the desert washes to fuel the boilers of the paddlewheel steamboats that called at the town landing 48 miles up river from Arizona City. The Neahr Stamp Mill ruin remains clearly visible on the shore. The huge building was constructed in 1877-8 of hand cut native rhyolite stone. David Neahr, a Yuma Businessman, enlarged an earlier mill to ten stamps, successfully crushing ore from Medivil's Apache Claim. Neahr expanded the operation and bought up additional claims but was forced into bankruptcy when his manager embezzled $7,000. the Neahr mill had subsequent owners but none of the operations there were overly successful or productive. Stephen A. Dorsey greatly exaggerated Picacho's productiveness. He formed the California King Gold Mines Co. with speculator's money and built a 450-short-ton (410 t) stamp mill. A narrow gauge railroad was constructed to haul ore from the mines at the peak to the mill on the river. The best years of production were 1904-1906 after which Dorsey left with his profits. The mine payroll peaked at 700 men. Declining ore quality and mill accidents ended most of the organized mining efforts by around 1910, and the filling of the lake behind Imperial Dam flooded what was left of the original townsite in 1938. A post office operated at Picacho from 1894 to 1926, moving in 1926.

Remains of the old ore processing mill overlook the Colorado River.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starbucks

Starbucks

Music, film, and television

Starbucks / Music, film, and television

English: Starbucks' second Hear Music Coffeehouse at the South Bank development adjacent to the River Walk in downtown San Antonio, Texas.

Starbucks Corporation is an American multinational chain of coffeehouses and roastery reserves headquartered in Seattle, Washington. As the world's largest coffeehouse chain, Starbucks is seen to be the main representation of the United States' second wave of coffee culture. As of early 2020, the company operates over 30,000 locations worldwide in more than 70 countries. Starbucks locations serve hot and cold drinks, whole-bean coffee, microground instant coffee known as VIA, espresso, caffe latte, full- and loose-leaf teas including Teavana tea products, Evolution Fresh juices, Frappuccino beverages, La Boulange pastries, and snacks including items such as chips and crackers; some offerings are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store. Headquartered in the Starbucks Center, the company was founded in 1971 by Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegl, and Gordon Bowker at Seattle's Pike Place Market. During the early 1980s, they sold the company to Howard Schultz who – after a business trip to Milan, Italy – decided to make the coffee bean store a coffeeshop serving espresso-based drinks.

Hear Music began as a music catalog company in 1990, adding a few retail locations in the San Francisco Bay Area. Hear Music was purchased by Starbucks in 1999. In 2002, they produced a Starbucks opera album, featuring artists such as Luciano Pavarotti, followed in March 2007 by the hit CD "Memory Almost Full" by Paul McCartney, making McCartney the first artist signed to the new Hear Music label sold in Starbucks outlets. In 2006, the company created Starbucks Entertainment, one of the producers of the 2006 film Akeelah and the Bee. Retail stores advertised the film before its release and sold the DVD. Starbucks has become the subject of a protest song, "A Rock Star Bucks a Coffee Shop" by Neil Young and his band, Promise of the Real. This single from the album The Monsanto Years criticized both Starbucks's alleged use of genetically modified food and the GMO company Monsanto.

Starbucks's Hear Music Coffeehouse in downtown San Antonio, Texas, 2006

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorurus_microrhinos

Chlorurus microrhinos

Description

Chlorurus microrhinos / Description

English: Parrotfish (Chlorurus microrhinos) from East Timor

Chlorurus microrhinos, the blunt-head parrotfish or steephead parrotfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a parrotfish from the family Scaridae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

Chlorurus microrhinos usually grows to be about 80 centimetres (31 in) long. These parrotfishes are greenish blue, with a brilliant blue band behind the corner of the mouth and a wide blue patch along the head. Rarely some individuals may be uniformly yellowish-tan. The cheek is crossed by an irregular line, below which the colour is usually greenish-yellow. Larger fishes are uniformly dark, greenish brown, turning into greenish blue only with age, but they do not undergo as radical a color change with growth as do other scarids. They have nine dorsal spines, 10 dorsal soft rays, 3 anal spines and 9 anal soft ray. The tail is crescent shaped in large terminal males, while in juveniles is rounded. Adults show large exposed blue-green tooth plates, with one or two canines on each side of the upper plate. Large males develop a prominent forehead (hence the common name of blunt-head parrotfishes). Juveniles are black with some horizontal white stripes. Some geographic variation exists between Red Sea, Western Indian Ocean, and Pacific populations, and an unusual reddish-tan phase occurs in the central Pacific.

Close-up head of Chlorurus microrhinos

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberystwyth

Aberystwyth

Middle Ages

Aberystwyth / History / Middle Ages

English: In 1110 an earth and timber castle was built at Tan-y-Castell on the Ystwyth, thus giving birth to the settlement of Aberystwyth.

Aberystwyth is an ancient market town, administrative centre, community, and holiday resort in Ceredigion, Wales. It is located near the confluence of the Ystwyth and the Afon Rheidol. Aberystwyth is in the historic county of Cardiganshire. Since the late 19th century, it has been a major Welsh educational centre, with the establishment of a university college there in 1872. At the 2001 census, the town's population was 15,935; it was reduced to 13,040 at the 2011 Census. During nine months of the year, there is an influx of students—to a total number of 10,400 as of September 2012. Including the suburbs of Llanbadarn Fawr, the population is 16,420, the built-up area having a population of 18,749.

The recorded history of Aberystwyth may be said to date from the building of a fortress in 1109 by Gilbert Fitz Richard (grandfather of Richard de Clare, known as Strongbow, the Cambro-Norman lord notable for his leading role in the Norman invasion of Ireland). Gilbert Fitz Richard was granted lands and the lordship of Cardigan by Henry I, including Cardigan Castle. The fortress built in Aberystwyth was located about a mile and a half south of today's town, on a hill over the south bank of the Ystwyth River, thus giving the settlement of Aberystwyth its name. The location is now known as Tan-Y-Castell. Aberystwyth was usually under the control of the princes of Deheubarth, but its position close to the border with Gwynedd and Powys left it vulnerable to attacks from the leaders of those polities. The town was attacked by Gwenwynwyn ab Owain in 1197, an assault in which Maelgwn ap Rhys was captured. Llywelyn the Great attacked and seized the town in late 1208, building a castle there before withdrawing. Edward I replaced Strongbow's castle in 1277, after its destruction by the Welsh. His castle was, however, built in a different location, at the current Castle Hill, the high point of the town. Between the years 1404 and 1408 Aberystwyth Castle was in the hands of Owain Glyndŵr but finally surrendered to Prince Harry (the future King Henry V of England). Shortly after this, the town was incorporated under the title of Ville de Lampadarn (the ancient name of the place being Llanbadarn Gaerog or the fortified Llanbadarn, to distinguish it from Llanbadarn Fawr, the village one mile (1.6 km) inland. It is thus styled in a Royal charter granted by Henry VIII but, by Elizabeth I's time, the town was invariably named Aberystwyth in all documents.

Site of original Aberystwyth Castle at Tan y Castell

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurizio_Pollini

Maurizio Pollini

Maurizio Pollini

English: Pianist Maurizio Pollini during a reception in Tokyo

Maurizio Pollini is an Italian pianist. He is known for performances of compositions by Beethoven, Chopin and Debussy, among others. He has also championed and performed works by contemporary composers such as Pierre Boulez, Karlheinz Stockhausen, George Benjamin, Roberto Carnevale, Gianluca Cascioli and Bruno Maderna. Works composed for him include Luigi Nono's ..... sofferte onde serene ..., Giacomo Manzoni's Masse: omaggio a Edgard Varèse and Salvatore Sciarrino's Fifth Sonata.

Maurizio Pollini (born January 5, 1942) is an Italian pianist. He is known for performances of compositions by Beethoven, Chopin and Debussy, among others. He has also championed and performed works by contemporary composers such as Pierre Boulez, Karlheinz Stockhausen, George Benjamin, Roberto Carnevale, Gianluca Cascioli and Bruno Maderna. Works composed for him include Luigi Nono's ..... sofferte onde serene ..., Giacomo Manzoni's Masse: omaggio a Edgard Varèse and Salvatore Sciarrino's Fifth Sonata.

Pollini in 2009

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(Israel)

Independence Day (Israel)

Events

Independence Day (Israel) / Events

עברית: חגיגות ערב יום העצמאות בתל אביב, כיכר רבין. מופע מיוחד על קיר בנין עיריית תל-אביב ובו תמונות מההסטוריה של המדינה. זיקוקים מרהיבים. הפקה מדהימה ביופיה!

Independence Day is the national day of Israel, commemorating the Israeli Declaration of Independence in 1948. The day is marked by official and unofficial ceremonies and observances. Because Israel declared independence on 14 May 1948, which corresponded with the Hebrew date 5 Iyar in that year, Yom Ha'atzmaut was originally celebrated on that date. However, to avoid Sabbath desecration, it may be commemorated one or two days before or after the 5th of Iyar if it falls too close to the Jewish Sabbath. Yom Hazikaron, the Israeli Fallen Soldiers and Victims of Terrorism Remembrance Day is always scheduled for the day preceding Independence Day. In the Hebrew calendar, days begin in the evening. The next occurrence of Yom Haatzmaut will take place on 28–29 April 2020.

Independence Day celebrations in Tel Aviv's Rabin Square, 2008

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachhagel

Bachhagel

Bachhagel

Deutsch: Katholische Pfarrkirche Mariä Himmelfahrt in Bachhagel, einer Gemeinde im Landkreis Dillingen an der Donau (Bayern), Ansicht von Süden]

Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary

Bachhagel is a municipality in the district of Dillingen in Bavaria in Germany.

Bachhagel is a municipality in the district of Dillingen in Bavaria in Germany.

Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kecak

Kecak

Dancers

Kecak / Performance / Dancers

Dance performance of the Ramayana on Bali. Original caption: sita is held prisoner in a park and Rahwana's nephew, Trijata tries to convince her to marry Rahwana...Sita becomes depressed and thinks Rama has forgotten her..

Kecak, known in Indonesian as tari kecak, is a form of Balinese hindu dance and music drama that was developed in the 1930s in Bali, Indonesia. Since its creation it has been performed primarily by men, with the very first women's kecak group starting in 2006. The dance is based on the story of the Ramayana and is traditionally performed in temples and villages across Bali. Also known as the Ramayana monkey chant, the dance is performed by a circle of as many as 150 performers wearing checked cloths around their waists, percussively chanting "chak" and moving their hands and arms. The performance depicts a battle from the Ramayana, in which the monkey-like Vanaras, led by Hanuman, help Prince Rama fight the evil King Ravana. Kecak has roots in sanghyang, a trance-inducing exorcism dance.

The dancers consist of two types: the kecak male-chanters and the main Ramayana dancers who play the roles of Sita, Rama, Lakshmana, Ravana, Hanuman, Jatayu, etc. Some of the kecak male-chanters who chant chak-chak-chak have their own tasks during the performance. One individual is responsible for maintaining the beat of the chant by chanting "po-po-po-po". Another man serves as the leader of the chorus, instructing them to stop or start the chanting by yelling command vocals such as "Diih!", "Chiaaat!", etc. There is also a man whose job is to sing during the chanting; he sings in a melodious or rhythmic tone according to the situation of the dance with vocalizations such as "Shiiir-yang-ngger-yang-nggur-yang-nggeer". Another man, known as the dalang, narrates the story during the dance, usually in Balinese and Sanskrit. The men chosen for these tasks are usually the senior male dancers. The remaining chanters chant "chak-chak-chak" continuously and simultaneously with harmony. The dancers who represent the core Ramayana characters are considered an essential part of the dance. Rama, Sita, Lakshmana, and the Golden Deer, whose movements are gentle and smooth, are sometimes played by female dancers who are trained in such styles of movement. Men play muscular characters such as Ravan, Hanuman, Sugriv, etc.

Kecak dancers chant facing the dancer playing as Ravana.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_Madre_Mountains_(California)

Sierra Madre Mountains (California)

Geography

Sierra Madre Mountains (California) / Geography

This is a picture of the San Rafael Mountains in Santa Barbara County, California. The picture was taken from California Highway 166. Twitchell Lake can be seen at the base of the mountains. The picture was taken by me on June 1, 2006. I give permission for the picture to be used with attribution under the GFDL and Creative Commons.

The Sierra Madre Mountains are a mountain range primarily in northern Santa Barbara County and extending into northwestern Ventura County in Southern California, western United States. It is a range of the Inner South Coast Ranges group, and is the southernmost reach of the California Coast Ranges, which are themselves part of the Pacific Coast Ranges of western North America.

The Sierra Madre range trends from northwest to southeast, and is approximately 25 mi (40 km) long. High peaks in the range include MacPherson Peak at 5,747 feet (1,752 m) in elevation, and the highest point in the range, Peak Mountain at 5,843 feet (1,781 m) in elevation. Snow falls on the highest peaks during the winter months. The range forms the southwestern side of the Cuyama Valley. The La Panza Range is a northern extension of the Sierra Madre, located in eastern San Luis Obispo County. The Sierra Madre is almost entirely within the Los Padres National Forest, and marks the northern boundary of the San Rafael Wilderness area. The southeastern extent of the range is about 25 mi (40 km) north of the city of Santa Barbara, and the northwestern extent of the range is about 50 mi (80 km) north by northwest of the city. To the southeast, the range merges with the San Rafael Mountains of the Transverse Ranges System, in a complex topography of unnamed ranges. The adjacent highest point of the San Rafael Mountains, and in all Santa Barbara County, is Big Pine Mountain (6,820 ft (2,079 m)).

Las Coches Mountain in the Sierra Madre, from SR 166.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana_DiZoglio

Diana DiZoglio

Early life and career

Diana DiZoglio / Early life and career

English: Rep. DiZoglio at the North Andover Senior Center

Diana DiZoglio is an American state legislator serving in the Massachusetts Senate. She is a Methuen resident and a member of the Democratic Party. In 2018, DiZoglio won the 1st Essex District State Senate seat, which includes Newburyport, Methuen, Haverhill, Merrimac, Amesbury, Salisbury, and four of eight precincts in North Andover. DiZoglio previously represented the 14th Essex District, which includes portions of North Andover, Methuen, Lawrence and Haverhill. She previously served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 2013 until her election to the Massachusetts Senate in 2018.

DiZoglio was born in Methuen, Massachusetts, graduating from Methuen High School in 2002. She attended Wellesley College, graduating with a Bachelor's of Arts in Psychology and Spanish. DiZoglio also attended Middlesex Community College, graduating with an associate degree in Psychology. Prior to being elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives, DiZoglio worked as chief-of-staff to Edward A. Kelly, president of the Professional Fire Fighters of Massachusetts (PFFM). She also served as a legislative aide in the Massachusetts House of Representatives, worked for multiple non-profit organizations and was a small business owner.

DiZoglio hosting a St. Patrick's Day luncheon at the North Andover Senior Center

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaumont,_Alberta

Beaumont, Alberta

Beaumont, Alberta

English: Saint Vital Roman Catholic Church in Beaumont, Alberta, Canada.

St. Vital Roman Catholic Church in Beaumont

Beaumont is a city in Leduc County within the Edmonton Metropolitan Region of Alberta, Canada. It is located at the intersection of Highway 625 and Highway 814, adjacent to the City of Edmonton and 6.0 kilometres northeast of the City of Leduc. The Nisku Industrial Park and the Edmonton International Airport are located 4.0 kilometres to the west and 8.0 kilometres to the southwest respectively. Originally a French farming community, Beaumont is now a city with 19,236 people. Its downtown core resembles a French village with unique architecture and red brick walkways. It is named for the "beautiful hill" on which St. Vital Church, built in 1919, is located within the centre of the city. The name was selected in 1895 as part of a petition for a post office.

Beaumont (/ˈboʊmɒnt/ BOH-mont) is a city in Leduc County within the Edmonton Metropolitan Region of Alberta, Canada. It is located at the intersection of Highway 625 and Highway 814, adjacent to the City of Edmonton and 6.0 kilometres (3.7 mi) northeast of the City of Leduc. The Nisku Industrial Park and the Edmonton International Airport are located 4.0 kilometres (2.5 mi) to the west and 8.0 kilometres (5.0 mi) to the southwest respectively. Originally a French farming community, Beaumont is now a city with 19,236 people. Its downtown core resembles a French village with unique architecture and red brick walkways. It is named for the "beautiful hill" on which St. Vital Church, built in 1919, is located within the centre of the city. The name was selected in 1895 as part of a petition for a post office.

St. Vital Roman Catholic Church in Beaumont

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fry%27s_Army

Fry's Army

Departure

Fry's Army / History / Departure

Jim Hogg, 20th Governor of the State of Texas

Fry's Army was the informal name given to a short-lived radical protest movement organized in Los Angeles, California in 1894 and headed by trade union and socialist political activist Lewis C. Fry. Fry's Army was one of about 40 "Industrial Armies" formed in 1894 to organize and transport unemployed workers for a march on Washington, D.C., the best remembered of which was the Ohio-based movement known as Coxey's Army. Beginning with an enrollment of 850 people, the "army" made a difficult cross-country journey by foot following the refusal of railroads to transport the protestors. Two trains were stolen in the course of the march, which brought Fry's Army into conflict with the authorities. Key support was gained from the Governor of Texas, which prevented mass arrest or a worse outcome, but rail transport ended in St. Louis and the remaining members of the group began a difficult march by foot. In these adverse conditions the movement melted away, splitting into rival factions in Indiana. Only a small handful of protestors eventually arriving in Washington, DC with Fry, where their protest efforts were ineffectual.

Fry initially attempted to garner the support of the Southern Pacific Railroad for his effort in the form of provision of free railroad passage. The railroad unsurprisingly refused this request and on March 16, 1894, Fry and a reduced force of 600 disciplined supporters set out on foot to make the several thousand mile trek from Los Angeles on the west coast to Washington, DC on the east. The group seized a Southern Pacific train at Ontario, California and proceeded with it some 20 miles eastward to Colton, California, where several thousand pounds of hardtack, bacon, and beans were gathered by sympathizers. Thus provisioned, the stolen train proceeded eastwards across the desert lands of the Southwestern United States, making it as far as El Paso, Texas. In El Paso the group raised additional provisions from sympathetic citizens following a peaceful march through town before stealing another train, which railroad officials permitted to depart the town with about 800 people aboard. Once outside the city, the stolen train was intentionally sidetracked at the tiny town of Sierra Blanca, Texas, where the Texas Rangers moved in at the railroad's behest to hold the train-stealing "Industrial Army" as de facto prisoners. Texas Governorn "Big Jim" Hogg was sympathetic to the cause of Fry's Army, however, and he ordered the Rangers to end their action against what he termed the "petition in boots." In a show of public support, Gov. Hogg sent a telegram to the Dallas Times Herald declaring "When a railroad company hauls tramps or unemployed penniless men into this State it cannot dump them into a barren desert and murder them by torture and starvation without atoning for it, if there is any virtue in the machinery of justice. Nor will I permit them to be shot down on Texas soil by any armed force whatever, no matter how much the Southern Pacific and the other enemies of the state may howl about the commune." A standoff emerged between the railroad, which continued to hold Fry's Army as virtual prisoners in an essentially unpopulated desert whistle stop, and the so-called Industrial Army and their supporters. The stalemate was broken only when trade unions and concerned citizens of El Paso raised funds to pay for provisions and a special train with five passenger coaches and two baggage cars to transport the unemployed workers as far as San Antonio. Fry was aware that he was targeted for arrest as the ringleader of the train-stealing escapade and he attempted to elude arrest by boarding a passing freight train. He was soon discovered, however, and removed from the train, making his own way to the state capital of Austin, where the rest of Fry's Army was now located. An effort was made to march to the Governor's mansion to thank him for his support but this was prevented by local police, who packed the would-be protestors tightly into boxcars and sent the group north to St. Louis.

Texas Governor "Big Jim" Hogg deescalated the situation when Fry's Army was sidetracked in the Texas desert, making possible their departure from the state by rail.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royers_Lock

Royers Lock

Royers Lock

English: The nl:Royersbrug in the harbour of Antwerp is a combination of rollbridge and bascule bridge Nederlands: De nl:Royersbrug in de haven van Antwerpen is een combinatie van rolbrug en basculebrug

The Royers lock is a tidal lock located in Belgium, giving access to the right bank docks in the Port of Antwerp and the Albert Canal. Although it was built for sea-going vessels, it is now mostly used by riverboats. The construction of the lock started in 1893 and was finished in 1908. The lock is 180 metres long and 22 meters wide. The operational depth is 6.42 meters. The lock was built to accommodate the extension of the docklands towards the north. Both the Bonaparte lock and the Kattendijk lock would not be able to cope with the growing traffic and the increasing size of new ocean ships. The lock is named after the Antwerp city engineer Gustaaf Royers. The lock has three sliding gates constructed out of steel with caissons that allow to take ballast. The gates slide on a system of rollers on rails at the bottom at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the lock and disappear into special storage chamber or recess built into the sidewall of the dock. After a gate closes, it is ballasted with water and has to deballast before it opens again. There is one gate at each end of the lock and one in between.

The Royers lock (Dutch Royerssluis) is a tidal lock located in Belgium, giving access to the right bank docks in the Port of Antwerp and the Albert Canal. Although it was built for sea-going vessels, it is now mostly used by riverboats. The construction of the lock started in 1893 and was finished in 1908. The lock is 180 metres (590 ft) long and 22 meters (72 feet) wide. The operational depth (TAW) is 6.42 meters (21.1 feet). The lock was built to accommodate the extension of the docklands towards the north. Both the Bonaparte lock (Dutch: bonapartesluis) and the Kattendijk lock (Dutch: kattendijksluis) would not be able to cope with the growing traffic and the increasing size of new ocean ships. The lock is named after the Antwerp city engineer Gustaaf Royers (1848–1923). The lock has three sliding gates constructed out of steel with caissons that allow to take ballast. The gates slide on a system of rollers on rails at the bottom at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the lock and disappear into special storage chamber or recess built into the sidewall of the dock. After a gate closes, it is ballasted with water and has to deballast before it opens again. There is one gate at each end of the lock and one in between (100 meters from the lower gate). The middle gate had to allow a faster turning time but the gain was very little so the gate was put out of service. For the first time, electrical engines were used to operate the gates. Road traffic can always use at least one of the two bridges. The Royers bridge (Dutch royersbrug) is on the side of the river Scheldt. The Lefèbvre bridge (Dutch Lefèbvrebrug) is on the side of the Siberiadok, originally named Afrikadok in 1887, but during the Cold War renamed to Lefèbvredok and now part of the Amerikadok. To prevent association of the name Siberia with the USSR during the cold war, a new name was chosen after Théo Lefèvre, who was prime minister of Belgium at the time. The Royers bridge consists of a road deck on top of the gate and a lift bridge on top of the storage chamber. When opening the lower gate, the bridge is lifted to about 15° to allow the gate to slide inside the storage chamber. The original Lefèbvre bridge has been replaced and now consists of the road deck on top of the gate and a rolling bridge accessible from the sides, to cover the storage chamber.

The lock seen from the west with the Royers bridge half open

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Royersbrug_in_Antwerp.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_pollution_control_vessel_Hylje

Finnish pollution control vessel Hylje

Finnish pollution control vessel Hylje

English: Finnish navy pollution control vessel Hylje (799). Photographed in 2016 Finnish defence forces flag day equipment exhibition in Turku Forum Marinum. Suomi: Öljyntorjunta-alus Hylje (799). Kuvattu lippujuhlan päivän 2016 kalustoesittelyssä Turun Forum Marinumissa.

Hylje is a combined pollution cleanup ship and vehicle transport ship built in 1981 and refitted in 1990–1991. She is operated by a civilian crew from the Ministry of the Environment, but is under Finnish Navy control. The vessel can act as a landing ship and logistic support vessel. The vessel has a capacity to carry 100 tons of deck cargo and its bow ramp can unload vehicles up to 42 tons. The vessel is equipped with oil and oil-slurry collection tanks with a total capacity of 1,410 cubic metres. The vessel can be operated in light ice. Hylje is equipped with a 6-ton crane.

Hylje (799) is a combined pollution cleanup ship and vehicle transport ship built in 1981 and refitted in 1990–1991. She is operated by a civilian crew from the Ministry of the Environment, but is under Finnish Navy control. The vessel can act as a landing ship and logistic support vessel. The vessel has a capacity to carry 100 tons of deck cargo and its bow ramp can unload vehicles up to 42 tons. The vessel is equipped with oil and oil-slurry collection tanks with a total capacity of 1,410 cubic metres (50,000 cu ft). The vessel can be operated in light ice. Hylje is equipped with a 6-ton crane.

Hylje in Turku

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Juan_Creek

San Juan Creek

San Juan Creek

Hikers ford San Juan Creek near the hot springs.

San Juan Creek, also called the San Juan River, is a 29-mile long stream in Orange County, California, draining a watershed of 133.9 square miles. Its mainstem begins in the southern Santa Ana Mountains in the Cleveland National Forest. It winds west and south through San Juan Canyon, and is joined by Arroyo Trabuco as it passes through San Juan Capistrano. It flows into the Pacific Ocean at Doheny State Beach. San Juan Canyon provides a major part of the route for California State Route 74. Before Spanish colonization in the 1770s, the San Juan Creek watershed was inhabited by the Acjachemen or Juañeno Native Americans. The Juañeno were named by Spanish missionaries who built Mission San Juan Capistrano on the banks of a stream they named San Juan Creek. The watershed was used mainly for agriculture and ranching until the 1950s when residential suburban development began on a large scale. Since then, the human population has continued to encroach on floodplains of local streams. Flooding in the 20th and 21st centuries has caused considerable property damage in the San Juan watershed.

San Juan Creek, also called the San Juan River, is a 29-mile (47 km) long stream in Orange County, California, draining a watershed of 133.9 square miles (347 km²). Its mainstem begins in the southern Santa Ana Mountains in the Cleveland National Forest. It winds west and south through San Juan Canyon, and is joined by Arroyo Trabuco as it passes through San Juan Capistrano. It flows into the Pacific Ocean at Doheny State Beach. San Juan Canyon provides a major part of the route for California State Route 74 (the Ortega Highway). Before Spanish colonization in the 1770s, the San Juan Creek watershed was inhabited by the Acjachemen or Juañeno Native Americans. The Juañeno were named by Spanish missionaries who built Mission San Juan Capistrano on the banks of a stream they named San Juan Creek. The watershed was used mainly for agriculture and ranching until the 1950s when residential suburban development began on a large scale. Since then, the human population has continued to encroach on floodplains of local streams. Flooding in the 20th and 21st centuries has caused considerable property damage in the San Juan watershed. The San Juan watershed is home to sixteen major native plant communities and hundreds of animal species. However, the watershed is projected to be 48 percent urbanized by 2050. In addition, urban runoff has changed flow patterns in San Juan Creek and introduced pollutants to the river system. Although the main stem of San Juan Creek does not have any major water diversions or dams, some of its tributaries, including Trabuco and Oso Creeks, have been channelized or otherwise heavily modified by urbanization.

Hikers ford San Juan Creek below the hot springs, February 2008.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mt._Angel,_Oregon

Mt. Angel, Oregon

Education

Mt. Angel, Oregon / Education

English: Road sign advertising Colegio Cesar Chavez in Mount Angel, Oregon.

Mt. Angel is a city in Marion County, Oregon, United States. It is 18 miles northeast of Salem, Oregon, on Oregon Route 214. The population was 3,286 at the 2010 census. Mt. Angel is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Mt. Angel is served by the three-school Mt. Angel School District, which includes John F. Kennedy High School. Colegio César Chávez was a college-without-walls program that existed in Mt. Angel from 1973 until 1983. At the time, the Colegio was the only four-year Latino college in the country. The college was supported by Chicano activist Cesar Chavez, who himself visited the college on two occasions. In 1978, the college graduated more Mexican American students than Oregon State University and University of Oregon combined. Cipriano Ferrel, who would later found the Oregon farmworker's union Pineros y Campesinos Unidos del Noroeste, graduated from Colegio Cesar Chavez. In the mid-1980s, the former Colegio grounds and building were purchased by a private buyer and donated to the Benedictine sisters. The Benedictine sisters now operate St. Joseph Shelter in the former Colegio building and dorms.

Road sign to Colegio Cesar Chavez

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epinotia_tenerana

Epinotia tenerana

Epinotia tenerana

English: Epinotia tenerana

Epinotia tenerana, the nut bud moth or alder tortricid, is a moth of the family Tortricidae.

Epinotia tenerana, the nut bud moth or alder tortricid, is a moth of the family Tortricidae.

Mounted specimen

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toughening

Toughening

Ductile phase crack bridging

Toughening / Toughening in composites / Ductile phase crack bridging

English: This is a cartoon representation of failure mechanisms in epoxy resins. According to the source, the numbers correspond to the following. "(1) shear band formation, (2) fracture of rubber particles, (3) stretching, (4) debonding and (5) tearing of rubber particles, (6) transparticle fracture, (7) debonding of hard particles, (8) crack deflection by hard particles, (9) cavitated rubber particles, (10) crazing, (11) craze tip plastic deformation, (12) diffuse shear yielding, and (13) shear band/craze interaction [19]."

Toughening is the improvement of the fracture resistance of a given material. The material's toughness is described by irreversible work accompanying crack propagation. Designing against this crack propagation leads to toughening the material. When a crack propagates, the associated irreversible work in different materials classes is different. Thus, the most effective toughening mechanisms differ among different materials classes. The crack tip plasticity is important in toughening of metals and long-chain polymers. Ceramics have limited crack tip plasticity and primarily rely on different toughening mechanisms.

When fiber is ductile, the work from plastic deformation mainly contributes to the improvement of toughens. The additional toughness contributed by plastic deformation can be expressed by: where is a constant between 1.5-6, is the flow stress of fibers, is the fracture strain of fibers, is the fraction of fibers, and is the debond length. From the equation, it can be found that higher flow stress and longer debond length can improve the toughening. However, longer debond length usually lead to a decrease of flow stress because of loss of constraint for plastic deformation. The toughness in a composite with ductile phase toughening can also be shown using stress intensity factor, by linear superposition of the matrix and crack bridging based on solutions by Tada. This model can predict behavior for small-scale bridging (bridge length << crack length) under monotonic loading conditions, but not large scale bridging. where is the fracture toughness of the matrix, is the toughening due to crack bridging, is the bridge length, is the distance behind the crack tip, is the uniaxial yield stress, and is a constraint/ triaxiality factor.

Several toughening mechanism in epoxies

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdulla_Qahhor

Abdulla Qahhor

Abdulla Qahhor

English: Stamps of Uzbekistan, 2007

A commemorative Uzbek stamp made in honor of Abdulla Qahhor's 100th birthday

Abdulla Qahhor was an Uzbek novelist, short story writer, poet, playwright, and literary translator. He is best remembered as the author of the 1951 novel Qoʻshchinor chiroqlari and the 1958 story Sinchalak. In addition to writing numerous short stories and novels, Qahhor translated the works of many famous Russian writers, such as Alexander Pushkin, Anton Chekhov, and Nikolai Gogol into the Uzbek language. In particular, he translated The Captain's Daughter of Pushkin, Marriage and The Government Inspector of Gogol, and, together with his wife Kibriyo Qahhorova, War and Peace of Leo Tolstoy. Qahhor is considered to be one of the best Uzbek writers of the 20th century and has been called the "Chekhov" of Uzbeks. He received the prestigious State Stalin Prize in 1952 and a National Writer of the Uzbek SSR award in 1967. In 2000, Qahhor was posthumously awarded the National Order of Merit, one of independent Uzbekistan's most prestigious awards.

Abdulla Qahhor (sometimes spelled Abdulla Kahhar in English) (Uzbek: Abdulla Qahhor, Абдулла Қаҳҳор) (September 17, 1907 – May 25, 1968) was an Uzbek novelist, short story writer, poet, playwright, and literary translator. He is best remembered as the author of the 1951 novel Qoʻshchinor chiroqlari (The Lights of Qoʻshchinor) and the 1958 story Sinchalak. In addition to writing numerous short stories and novels, Qahhor translated the works of many famous Russian writers, such as Alexander Pushkin, Anton Chekhov, and Nikolai Gogol into the Uzbek language. In particular, he translated The Captain's Daughter of Pushkin, Marriage and The Government Inspector of Gogol, and, together with his wife Kibriyo Qahhorova, War and Peace of Leo Tolstoy. Qahhor is considered to be one of the best Uzbek writers of the 20th century and has been called the "Chekhov" of Uzbeks. He received the prestigious State Stalin Prize in 1952 and a National Writer of the Uzbek SSR award in 1967. In 2000, Qahhor was posthumously awarded the National Order of Merit (Uzbek: Buyuk xizmatlari uchun), one of independent Uzbekistan's most prestigious awards.

A commemorative Uzbek stamp made in honor of Abdulla Qahhor's 100th birthday

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_note

Bass note

Bass note

English: Created by Hyacinth (talk) 00:14, 1 May 2010 using Sibelius 5.

In music theory, the bass note of a chord or sonority is the lowest note played or notated. If there are multiple voices it is the note played or notated in the lowest voice Three situations are possible: The bass note is the root or fundamental of the chord. The chord is in root position. One of the other pitches of the chord is in the bass. This makes it an inverted chord The bass note is not one of the notes in the chord. Such a bass note is an additional note, coloring the chord above it. The name of such a chord is also notated as a slash chord. In pre-tonal theory, root notes were not considered and thus the bass was the most defining note of a sonority. See: thoroughbass. In pandiatonic chords the bass often does not determine the chord, as is always the case with a nonharmonic bass.

In music theory, the bass note of a chord or sonority is the lowest note played or notated. If there are multiple voices it is the note played or notated in the lowest voice (the note furthest in the bass.) Three situations are possible: The bass note is the root or fundamental of the chord. The chord is in root position. One of the other pitches of the chord is in the bass. This makes it an inverted chord The bass note is not one of the notes in the chord. Such a bass note is an additional note, coloring the chord above it. The name of such a chord is also notated as a slash chord. In pre-tonal theory (Early music), root notes were not considered and thus the bass was the most defining note of a sonority. See: thoroughbass. In pandiatonic chords the bass often does not determine the chord, as is always the case with a nonharmonic bass.

A♭/A (alternately notated as A Major♭/A bass) notated in regular notation (on top) and tabulature (below)About this sound Play (help·info).

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kel-Tec_P-32

Kel-Tec P-32

Kel-Tec P-32

English: Kel-Tec P-32 .32 ACP semi-automatic pistol, 2nd Generation (2005) Polski: Pistolet Kel-Tec P-32

The Kel-Tec P-32 is a sub-compact semi-automatic pistol using the short-recoil principle of operation that is chambered in .32 ACP. It was designed by George Kellgren. It is manufactured by Kel-Tec CNC Industries Inc., of Cocoa, Florida and was designed for concealed carry by citizens and by law enforcement officers as a back-up gun.

The Kel-Tec P-32 is a sub-compact semi-automatic pistol using the short-recoil principle of operation that is chambered in .32 ACP. It was designed by George Kellgren. It is manufactured by Kel-Tec CNC Industries Inc., of Cocoa, Florida and was designed for concealed carry by citizens and by law enforcement officers as a back-up gun.

Kel-Tec P-32, blued finish

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Kel-Tec_P-32_%28Yaf%29.jpg

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outsider_art

Outsider art

Notable outsider artists

Outsider art / Notable outsider artists

Outsider art is art by self-taught or naïve art makers. Typically, those labeled as outsider artists have little or no contact with the mainstream art world or art institutions. In many cases, their work is discovered only after their deaths. Often, outsider art illustrates extreme mental states, unconventional ideas, or elaborate fantasy worlds. The term outsider art was coined by art critic Roger Cardinal in 1972 as an English synonym for art brut, a label created by French artist Jean Dubuffet to describe art created outside the boundaries of official culture; Dubuffet focused particularly on art by those on the outside of the established art scene, using as examples psychiatric hospital patients and children. Outsider art has emerged as a successful art marketing category; an annual Outsider Art Fair has taken place in New York since 1993, and there are at least two regularly published journals dedicated to the subject. The term is sometimes misapplied as a catch-all marketing label for art created by people who are outside the mainstream "art world" or "art gallery system", regardless of their circumstances or the content of their work.

Nick Blinko (born 1961) is an English musician and artist diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder. He is represented in the Collection de l'art brut in Lausanne. He is best known through his works with his band Rudimentary Peni. Sid Boyum (1914–1991) was an industrial photographer who turned his home and yard into a vast, dense array of concrete and wood sculptures, many of which have since been moved to public locations throughout his neighborhood in Madison, Wisconsin. Al Carbee (1914–2005) was a prolific, multi-format artist who is known for his Barbie collages. Carbee created a massive imaginary utopia with his collages, which he called "Epicuma". When Carbee was in his 80s, his art was discovered accidentally by filmmaker Jeremy Workman, leading to a flurry of interest in his later years. Carbee was the subject of Workman's documentary film Magical Universe. Benny Carter (1943–2014) was an American artist known for his paintings of New York City and rural North Carolina. James Charles Castle (1899-1977) was a self-taught artist from Garden Valley, Idaho. Nek Chand (1924–2015) was an Indian artist, famous for building the Rock Garden of Chandigarh, a forty-acre (160,000 m²) sculpture garden in the city of Chandigarh, India. Ferdinand Cheval (1836–1924) was a country postman in Hauterives, south of Lyon, France. Motivated by a dream, he spent 33 years constructing the Palais Ideal. Half organic building, half massive sculpture, it was constructed from stones collected on his postal round, held together with chicken wire, cement, and lime. Felipe Jesus Consalvos (1891–c. 1960) was a Cuban-American cigar roller and artist, known for his posthumously discovered body of art work based on the vernacular tradition of cigar band collage. Richard Dadd (1817–1886), noted for his depictions of fairies and other supernatural subjects, rendered with obsessively minuscule detail. Most of the works for which he is best known were created while he was a patient in Bethlem and Broadmoor psychiatric hospitals. Henry Darger (1892–1973) was a solitary man who was orphaned and institutionalized as a child. In the privacy of his small north side Chicago apartment, he produced over 35,000 pages of text and hundreds of large scale illustrations, including maps, collaged photos, and watercolors that depict the heroic struggles of his child characters, "the Vivian Girls", engaged in activities such as battle scenes combining imagery of the US Civil War with the presence of fanciful monsters. Terry A. Davis (1969-2018), a schizophrenic computer programmer and creator of TempleOS. Charles Dellschau (1830–1923) born in Prussia, Dellschau emigrated to the US and in his 70s secluded himself in an attic and over the course of 20 years created 12 large scale books filled with mixed media watercolors depicting the inventions of the Sonora Aero Club, chronicling the birth of the age of aviation. It is unknown if his subject was factual, a fictionalization or a delusion. Holly Farrell, 21st century Canadian self taught artist whose paintings include the Barbie & Ken series, is considered an Outsider artist. Madge Gill (1882–1961) was an English mediumistic artist who made thousands of drawings "guided" by a spirit she called "Myrninerest" (my inner rest). Paul Gösch (1885–1940), a schizophrenic German artist and architect murdered by the Nazis in their euthanasia campaign. James Hampton (1909–1964) was an African-American janitor who secretly built a large assemblage of religious art from scavenged materials, such as discarded light bulbs and aluminum foil Annie Hooper (1897–1986), a sculptor of visionary religious art from Buxton, North Carolina, who created nearly 5,000 sculptures depicting biblical scenes. Her work is now in the permanent collection of North Carolina State University. Georgiana Houghton (1814–1884), a British spiritualist medium, known for her visionary 'spirit drawings', consisting of intricate abstract watercolours. Vojislav Jakic (1932–2003), a Serbian artist who spent most of his life in a small town of Despotovac producing draw

August Natterer's Weltachse mit Haase (Axle of the World, with Rabbit), 1919

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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Velvet_(band)

Red Velvet (band)

Red Velvet (band)

English: Red Velvet at Dream Concert on May 12, 2018.Svenska: Red Velvet. Från vänster: Joy, Yeri, Irene, Seulgi, Wendy.

Red Velvet is a South Korean Band that debuted in 2014 with 4 members: Wendy, Irene, Joy, and Seulgi. Their debut song, "Happiness," was released in August 2014. In 2015, SM added Yeri to the group.

Red Velvet is a South Korean Band that debuted in 2014 with 4 members: Wendy, Irene, Joy, and Seulgi. Their debut song, "Happiness," was released in August 2014. In 2015, SM added Yeri to the group.

Red Velvet at the 2018 Dream Concert From left to right: Joy, Yeri, Irene, Seulgi, and Wendy

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McKinley_Climatic_Laboratory

McKinley Climatic Laboratory

McKinley Climatic Laboratory

English: F-117 on ice at McKinley Climatic Laboratory 022808-F-0000P-064

The McKinley Climatic Laboratory is both an active laboratory and a historic site located in Building 440 on Eglin Air Force Base, Florida. The laboratory is part of the 96th Test Wing. In addition to Air Force testing, it can be used by other US government agencies and private industry. On October 6, 1997, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. The laboratory was named a National Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1987.

The McKinley Climatic Laboratory is both an active laboratory and a historic site located in Building 440 on Eglin Air Force Base, Florida. The laboratory is part of the 96th Test Wing. In addition to Air Force testing, it can be used by other US government agencies and private industry. On October 6, 1997, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. The laboratory was named a National Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1987.

F-117A, 84-0824, on ice at McKinley Climatic Laboratory in 1991.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_City_Indian_School

Rapid City Indian School

Rapid City Indian School

Scope and content: Formal group picture in front of Coolidge Hall. Several schools are represented.

The Rapid City Indian School was located in Rapid City, South Dakota, and has since been converted into both an asylum and a hospital. The school opened 1898 as part of the federal government's off-reservation boarding school movement for Native Americans and was shut down in 1933 to become a tuberculosis center. The hospital in the past few years has been listed on the market and is currently being considered for demolition, even though local tribes had tried to claim back the land in the past.

The Rapid City Indian School was located in Rapid City, South Dakota, and has since been converted into both an asylum and a hospital. The school opened 1898 as part of the federal government's off-reservation boarding school movement for Native Americans and was shut down in 1933 to become a tuberculosis center. The hospital in the past few years has been listed on the market and is currently being considered for demolition, even though local tribes had tried to claim back the land in the past.

From 1929, the girls' Rapid City basketball team are in the top two rows.

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