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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
the iron lady ; a biography of margaret thatcher by hugo young -lrb- farrar , straus & giroux -rrb-
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
in this same revisionist mold , hugo young , the distinguished british journalist , has performed a brilliant dissection of the notion of thatcher as a conservative icon .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
the tory campaign manifesto drawn up for the 1979 election that made thatcher prime minister , in young 's words , `` openly contemplated the perpetuation of the comfortable welfare state . ''
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
young observes that `` there was a genuine clash of cultures , between an almost cromwellian impatience with the status quo -lrb- on the part of the thatcherites -rrb- and the mandarin world of whitehall , in which skepticism and rumination were more highly rated habits of mind than zeal or blind conviction . ''
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
despite thatcher 's own ambition to go `` on and on , '' young argues that in fact her era has come and gone .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
`` normally , i discourage people from entering politics if they have a young family and do n't have money , '' barber said on tuesday .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
major learned his politics as a young conservative on a soapbox in brixton , a poor , racially mixed neighborhood in south london , where he took on the socialist labor party for its inept management of the area 's public housing projects .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
biography
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
this second volume of ward 's lively and psychologically revealing biography begins with his honeymoon abroad in 1905 and concludes with his election as governor of new york in 1928 .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
the central riddle revealed here is why , as a woman in a man 's world , margaret thatcher evinces such an exclusionary attitude toward women .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
the author , whose career as a political columnist has coincided with thatcher 's as political leader , describes two qualities that are her greatest strengths : her `` sense of moral rectitude '' and her political intuition .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
the pulitizer prize-winning author 's second book in a projected four -volume work on the life of one of our most complex presidents .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
in `` the iron lady , '' young traces the winding staircase of fortune that transformed the younger daughter of a provincial english grocer into the greatest woman political leader since catherine the great .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
the author , a former investigative journalist , was able to elicit untapped recollections from johnson 's old cronies .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
simone de beauvoir ; a biography by deirdre bair -lrb- summit books -rrb-
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
it took the author , recipient of the national book award for her biography of samuel beckett , seven years to answer these questions .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
as a member of the white master tribe of south africa , the author grew up thinking himself a `` just white man . ''
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
boundary lines for the new middle east were arbitrarily drawn on `` an empty map '' without any input from the leaders of those countries themselves , says the author of this carefully researched book based on recently opened archival material .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
a passionately told epic of china by yale professor and historian spence , author of eight other acclaimed works on china .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
the author 's dilemma was where to begin in a recorded history that spans 4,000 years .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
there are two aspects of the margaret thatcher phenomenon -- neither of which is addressed in this splendid british biography -- that every thinking american needs to keep in mind when assessing the achievements of this remarkable woman .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
in ideological terms , the author makes it clear that , her paternal education in conservative sentiment aside , not only did thatcher come to the true faith much later than reagan , but that between 1959 -lrb- when she first entered parliament -rrb- and her crucial battle with edward heath for leadership of the tory party in 1974 , thatcher had barely two conservative ideas to rub together .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
a high school dropout who drifted from job to job until he caught on as a bank trainee and rose to become chancellor of the exchequer in margaret thatcher 's cabinet , major personifies the conservative party as rebuilt by thatcher to recognize talent and reward merit .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
`` he is the very essence of the classless meritocrat , '' says hugo young , thatcher 's biographer .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
major , at 47 the youngest of britain 's 18 prime ministers in this century , is himself a model of such a grit-and-guts rise out of poverty .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
she has been active in local huntingdon charities , and in 1987 she published a biography of opera singer joan sutherland .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
he will succeed margaret thatcher as prime minister .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
on the economy : in the mold of margaret thatcher , major is a rigorous free-marketeer who will follow her policies of selling nationalized industries and holding down government spending .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
from her father , young argues , she inherited a `` joyless earnestness '' that combined with her early interest in science to produce the roots of her public character .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
and boys they were , teen-agers too young for the exercise of informed free will , yet sent on missions to vietnam that many would later consider immoral .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
this simple , powerful , engaging prose -lrb- translated from the chinese -rrb- is the work of a young writer who at 16 was sent away from her family for eight years to a poverty-stricken northern province of china to fulfill the cultural revolutionary requirement of intellectuals .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
to read young is to discover that certain suspect analogies have informed the american perception of thatcher as a conservative heroine .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
neither the assumption that thatcher 's road to damascus parallels ronald reagan 's own timely evolution from new deal enthusiast to conservative idealogue , nor the thesis that the iron lady took the tory party by storm in a political coup a la barry goldwater , survives young 's analysis .
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who is the author of the book , `` the iron lady : a biography of margaret thatcher '' ?
young makes a persuasive case for the view that thatcher 's less-than-true-blue ideology was mirrored in her policies .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
a `` hajji '' is someone who has made the pilgrimage to the holy city of mecca in saudi arabia .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
more than 150 muslims died in a stampede that occurred on the last day of the annual pilgrimage to the holy city of mecca , saudi arabia .
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about the only stifling thing on the set in bafgh has been the heat , which was pushing toward 100 degrees on a recent morning as the iranian cast recreated the scenes in ad 632 , when word of the prophet 's death in mecca reached his distraught followers in medina , a muslim holy city in what is now saudi arabia .
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kuwait city , february 11 -lrb- xinhua -rrb- -- egyptian president hosni mubarak met saturday night with saudi arabia 's acting ruler , crown prince abdullah , in the holy city of mecca , kuwait news agency -lrb- kuna -rrb- reported today .
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paris , april 16 -lrb- xinhua -rrb- -- french president jacques chirac today expressed his condolences over the deaths of 250 pilgrims in a fire which swept through a camp near the holy city of mecca in saudi arabia on tuesday .
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kuwait city , january 18 -lrb- xinhua -rrb- -- saudi arabia has appealed to islamic countries to stick to their quotas as regards to pilgrims to the holy city of mecca and medineh in the kingdom during the forthcoming hajj season .
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dar es salaam , february 24 -lrb- xinhua -rrb- -- some 200 moslems in the zanzibar isles plan to go on a pilgrimage to the holy city of mecca in saudi arabia , media reports said tuesday .
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jakarta -- at least 32 indonesian pilgrims to the holy city of mecca in saudi arabia have died of exhaustion or heart failure since the beginning of the month , the religious affairs ministry said here tuesday .
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jakarta , march 24 -lrb- xinhua -rrb- -- at least 32 indonesian pilgrims to the holy city of mecca in saudi arabia have died of exhaustion or heart failure since the beginning of the month , the religious affairs ministry said here tuesday .
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it used to take much longer than a year for a moslem to make the pilgrimage to saudi arabia 's holy city of mecca .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
kuwait city , october 3 -lrb- xinhua -rrb- -- the 21st international koran recitation and interpretation contest opened on sunday in saudi arabia 's holy city of mecca .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
kuwait city -- more than 1.7 million saudi and foreign pilgrims on friday continued their pilgrimage , or hajj rituals by starting symbolic `` stoning of the devil '' in mina , ritual site in the holy city of mecca in saudi arabia .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
kuwait city , march 19 -lrb- xinhua -rrb- -- moslim pilgrims began leaving saudi arabia for home on sunday after finishing the annual pilgrimage , or haj , in the holy city of mecca .
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kuwait city , august 20 -lrb- xinhua -rrb- -- five kuwaiti youngsters who were killed friday in a bus accident on their way to mecca , saudi arabia , were buried in the muslim 's holy city sunday .
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the 74-year-old qahari showed a reporter several papers from a transparent red file that included a document of hofer 's conversion on april 5 , 1988 , at the committee of islamic community in the bosnian city of velika kladusa .
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the two were introduced by a clergyman and another prominent person in the northeastern city of mashhad , qahari said .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
`` the laws of the islamic republic , which are inspired from the holy koran , will not allow hofer to be executed .
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bin laden has been living in afghanistan for years with the permission of the taliban , who control most of the country .
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two weeks ago washington offered a dlrs 5 million reward for the capture of bin laden , something the taliban said was tantamount to encouraging terrorist activity inside their war-shattered country .
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bin laden , a saudi arabian who was thrown out of his homeland for advocating the ouster of the saudi royal family , is believed by the united states to be using bases in afghanistan to train and finance islamic terrorist groups worldwide who target u.s. interests and u.s. citizens .
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bin laden first came to afghanistan in the 1980s , enraged by the soviet invasion of the islamic country .
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since taking kabul in 1996 , the taliban have consolidated their hold over much of the country .
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muslim pilgrims clothed in white began the ritual circling of the sacred kaaba stone structure monday in the holy city of mecca .
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the kaaba , an ancient cubic structure in mecca 's grand mosque , is islam 's holiest site .
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pilgrims paused to listen to verses from the koran , islam 's holy book , and join in prayers .
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george tomasevich , 56 , from middletown , n.j. , said he was astounded by the spirituality of mecca .
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during the 1997 pilgrimage , fires driven by high winds tore through a sprawling , overcrowded tent city at mina outside mecca , trapping and killing more than 340 pilgrims and injuring 1,500 .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
country singer margo smith is 57 .
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country singer hal ketchum is 46 .
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abul- hashm is not alone : thousands of vendors pack streets during hajj , selling products to a captive audience of several million pilgrims as they move from city to city performing the hajj rituals .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
this year , 2.1 million people performed the hajj , which drew to a close sunday in mecca .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
hundreds of thousands of muslims from around the world entered the holy city 's grand mosque to complete the pilgrimage 's rituals .
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around midday , the mosque was crowded with pilgrims performing the tawaf al-widaa , or the '' farewell circling '' of the kaaba -- walking seven times around the cubical structure while praying and reading the holy koran .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
others may travel to the holy city of medina to visit the prophet mohammed 's tomb .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
the crowds thronging around the holy cities are tempting targets for vendors .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
abdulaziz m. bin saeed , commander of public security in the holy areas , says authorities do their best to prevent pilgrims from becoming vendors during the week .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
he said they confiscate wares and hand them back to pilgrims when they leave the country .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
in a country where islamic hard-liners still gather to shout `` death to america ! '' on major anniversaries of the revolution , gardner has chosen the one topic that oddsmakers in iran and elsewhere might think most likely to detonate in an american filmmaker 's hands : the history of islam as a faith , a culture and a civilization , with pivotal sequences in the story re-enacted by a cast of 150 iranian actors and extras .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
in medina , muhammad raised the army that conquered mecca , setting the stage for the rapid sweep by arab armies that eventually carried islam across arabia , westward through north africa , sicily and spain , and north and east as far as modern turkey , iran and central asia .
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mubarak arrived in jeddah saturday , leading a high ranking delegation to perform umrah -lrb- lesser pilgrimage -rrb- in mecca .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
kuwait city , august 25 -lrb- xinhua -rrb- -- the saudi interior ministry announced that it beheaded a criminal gang leader , who was a pakistani national , in the holy city of mecca today .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
the saudi press agency quoted a statement issued by the ministry as saying that the pakistani , who was identified as shubeir ahmad jalil , formed a gang in mecca for robbing passers-by and ransacking houses .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
some 2,000 people were also injured in the fire which burned down hundreds of tents at a camp for pilgrims from india , pakistan , malaysia and indonesia who had come for the annual haj pilgrimmage in mecca .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
the crown prince was quoted as saying that sticking to the one -per- thousand quota for each country would make it easier for his country to provide better services for pilgrims .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
the journey to mecca is obligatory for every muslim , male or female , who is fit and financially able to bear the costs .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
saudi authorities usually start to prepare for the islamic holy season several months ahead to provide accommodations and other services for the pilgrims and take security measures to guard against any incidents .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
each pilgrim has to pay 1.1 million shillings -lrb- about 1,680 u.s. dollars -rrb- for the trip , compared with 990,448 shillings last year , talib said , noting that the price will cover air tickets , visa charges , and other services to be rendered in mecca .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
the official attributed the price rise to the increased accommodation costs in mecca .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
some 200,000 indonesians are due to visit mecca in the current haj pilgrimage season , which started in early march .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
despite the severe economic crisis in the country , 131,560 pilgrims have flown to the desert country since the beginning of the month , the ministry said .
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tehran , june 14 -lrb- xinhua -rrb- -- iran on sunday condemned recent israeli settlement activities in the occupied east jerusalem as a desecration of islamic holy places , the official news agency irna reported .
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foreign ministry spokesman mahmoud mohammadi accused `` the zionist regime -lrb- israel -rrb- '' for ignoring international regulations to begin digging up the holy places in jerusalem in order to build a new settlement .
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on june 8 , a group of religious jewish students moved into two buildings in the silwan neighborhood located in the muslim quarter of east jerusalem and triggered clashes with palestinian residents .
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the buildings were reportedly purchased by a extremist jewish organization , which is engaged in taking over arab houses and land in east jerusalem through purchases in an attempt to judaize the city .
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the plane took off from the rasheed airport , a military airport located in southern baghdad .
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this is the second time that iraq broke the air ban imposed on the country after the 1991 gulf war .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
prince saud ibn abdul-mohsen , acting governor of mecca , inaugurated the contest , in which 177 contestants from 30 countries and 33 islamic foundations are taking part , the kuwait news agency reported .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
in the capital city of mogadishu , children in colorful dresses wandered throughout the streets , blowing whistles and firing toy guns while the elderly gathered in the main mosques .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
the arab -funded aid agencies distributed thousands of goats and oxen to the poor families of the capital for the occasion of the holy muslim festival .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
however , the holy eid has not been without trouble .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
the deafening exchange of gunfire was heard throughout the city , but on one came out to help the garage under the attack .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
after this rite pilgrims will return to the grand mosque in mecca to complete the last part of their hajj journey by performing circumvention around the holy kaaba , which according to koran is the oldest house of worship in the world .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
king abdul aziz airport in the western saudi city of jeddah , near which mecca is located , was overcrowded with departing pilgrims , according to kuwait news agency .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
an 11-kilometer journey covered by all the pilgrims on foot , by car or by bus on tuesday from mecca to mina , a ritual site , marked the beginning of the haj .
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what country is the holy city of mecca located in ?
the last part of the haj journey was the circumvolution around the holy kaaba in mecca , which according to koran is the oldest house of worship in the world .
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a defunct prayer was performed on the five at the holy mosque of mecca before they were laid to their final resting place in presence of their families who arrived in mecca saturday , kuwait news agency reported .

Dataset Description

mTRECQA originates from TREC-QA, which is created from the TREC 8 to TREC 13 QA tracks. TREC 8-12 constitutes the training set, while TREC 13 questions are set aside for development and testing.

The dataset has been translated into five European languages: French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish, as described in this paper: Datasets for Multilingual Answer Sentence Selection.

Splits:

For each language (English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish), we provide:

  • train split
  • validation split
  • test split

How to load them:

To use these splits, you can use the following snippet of code replacing [LANG] with a language identifier (en, fr, de, it, po, sp)

from datasets import load_dataset

# if you want the whole corpora
corpora = load_dataset("matteogabburo/mTRECQA")

"""
if you want the default splits of a specific language, replace [LANG] with an identifier in: en, fr, de, it, po, sp
dataset = load_dataset("matteogabburo/mTRECQA", "[LANG]")
"""
# example:
italian_dataset = load_dataset("matteogabburo/mTRECQA", "it")

Format:

Each example has the following format:

{
  'eid': 42588,
  'qid': 1003,
  'cid': 4,
  'label': 1,
  'question': 'In welchem Land liegt die heilige Stadt Mekka?',
  'candidate': 'Der französische Präsident Jacques Chirac hat heute sein Beileid ausgedrückt, wegen des Todes von 250 Pilgern bei einem Brand, der am Dienstag in einem Lager in der Nähe der heiligen Stadt Mekka in Saudi-Arabien ausbrach.'
}

Where:

  • eid: is the unique id of the example (question, candidate)
  • qid: is the unique id of the question
  • cid: is the unique id of the answer candidate
  • label: identifies whether the answer candidate candidate is correct for the question (1 if correct, 0 otherwise)
  • question: the question
  • candidate: the answer candidate

Citation

If you find this dataset useful, please cite the following paper:

BibTeX:

@misc{gabburo2024datasetsmultilingualanswersentence,
      title={Datasets for Multilingual Answer Sentence Selection}, 
      author={Matteo Gabburo and Stefano Campese and Federico Agostini and Alessandro Moschitti},
      year={2024},
      eprint={2406.10172},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.10172}, 
}
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