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MobileViews

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user-interfaces
view-hierarchy
android-apps
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---
language: [en]
license: mit
datasets: [MobileViews]
pretty_name: "MobileViews: A Large-Scale Mobile GUI Dataset"
tags:
- mobile-ui
- user-interfaces
- view-hierarchy
- android-apps
- screenshots
task_categories:
- question-answering
- image-to-text
task_ids:
- task-planning
- visual-question-answering
---
# 🚀 MobileViews: A Large-Scale Mobile GUI Dataset
**MobileViews** is a large-scale dataset designed to support research on mobile agents and mobile user interface (UI) analysis. The first release, **MobileViews-600K**, includes over **600,000** mobile UI screenshot-view hierarchy (VH) pairs collected from over **20,000 apps** on the Google Play Store. This dataset is based on the [DroidBot](https://honeynet.github.io/droidbot/), which we have optimized for large-scale data collection, capturing more comprehensive interaction details while maintaining consistency with DroidBot’s output structure.
[**📖 Read the Paper**](https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.14337) — If you’d like to dive deeper into the details of how we construct this dataset, or explore the training experiments we conduct using `MobileViews`, we encourage you to check out our paper. The paper, along with this dataset, contains everything you need to understand our process and replicate or build upon our findings!
## 🤗 Table of Contents
- [🚀 MobileViews: A Large-Scale Mobile GUI Dataset](#-mobileviews-a-large-scale-mobile-gui-dataset)
- [🤗 Table of Contents](#-table-of-contents)
- [🥳 NEWS](#-news)
- [🧐 Dataset Overview](#-dataset-overview)
- [Folder Structure](#folder-structure)
- [1. MobileViews\_Screenshots\_ViewHierarchies](#1-mobileviews_screenshots_viewhierarchies)
- [Screenshot-VH File Descriptions](#screenshot-vh-file-descriptions)
- [2. MobileViews\_Apps\_CompleteTraces](#2-mobileviews_apps_completetraces)
- [App Trace Folder Structure](#app-trace-folder-structure)
- [🔎 Detailed Metadata and File Descriptions](#-detailed-metadata-and-file-descriptions)
- [AppMetadata.csv Columns](#appmetadatacsv-columns)
- [Index and Parquet files for `MobileViews_Screenshots_ViewHierarchies`](#index-and-parquet-files-for-mobileviews_screenshots_viewhierarchies)
- [Index files for `MobileViews_Apps_CompeleteTraces`](#index-files-for-mobileviews_apps_compeletetraces)
- [🌏 How to Download](#-how-to-download)
- [Download via Hugging Face Python Library](#download-via-hugging-face-python-library)
- [📋 Usage Guidelines](#-usage-guidelines)
- [Using `zip` and `parquet` Files in `MobileViews_Screenshots_ViewHierarchies`](#using-zip-and-parquet-files-in-mobileviews_screenshots_viewhierarchies)
- [Mapping Screenshots and States in `MobileViews_Apps_CompleteTraces`](#mapping-screenshots-and-states-in-mobileviews_apps_completetraces)
- [🌟 Future Updates and Feedback](#-future-updates-and-feedback)
- [🔖 Citation](#-citation)
## 🥳 NEWS
- **`2024/11`** – **New Release!** We’ve expanded the dataset to include comprehensive interaction data, now featuring traces and action sequences for `20,000+` apps.
- **`2024/10`** – **Initial Launch!** The `MobileViews` dataset is live with `600,000+` unique screenshot-VH pairs, deduplicated across `20,000+` Android apps.
## 🧐 Dataset Overview
### Folder Structure
The dataset is organized into two main folders:
1. **MobileViews_Screenshots_ViewHierarchies**: Contains the core screenshot-VH pairs in both `.zip` and `.parquet` formats. All pairs are globally deduplicated based on their image hash values, ensuring unique UI states across the dataset.
2. **MobileViews_Apps_CompleteTraces**: Provides complete interaction traces for individual apps, including states, actions, and transitions.
### 1. MobileViews_Screenshots_ViewHierarchies
This folder contains 600K screenshot-VH pairs, formatted in both `.zip` and `.parquet` formats. Each `.zip` and `.parquet` file pair, along with their respective CSV index files, follows a consistent data structure for easy access.
- **`Parquets/`**: `.parquet` files with binary data for screenshots and JSON content for VHs.
- **`Zip_Files/`**: `.zip` files with individual `.jpg` screenshots and `.json` VH files.
- **`Index_CSV/`**: `csv` files, like `MobileViews_index_0-150000.csv`, that map screenshot IDs to their corresponding VH files.
#### Screenshot-VH File Descriptions
- **`MobileViews_0-150000.zip`**, **`MobileViews_0-150000.parquet`** and **`MobileViews_index_0-150000.csv`**: This set, containing IDs from 0 to 150,000.
- **`MobileViews_150001-291197.zip`**, **`MobileViews_150001-291197.parquet`** and **`MobileViews_index_150001-291197.csv`**: This set, containing IDs from 150,001 to 291,197.
- **`MobileViews_300000-400000.zip`**, **`MobileViews_300000-400000.parquet`** and **`MobileViews_index_300000-400000.csv`**: This set, containing IDs from 300,000 to 400,000.
- **`MobileViews_400001-522301.zip`**, **`MobileViews_400001-522301.parquet`** and **`MobileViews_index_400001-522301.csv`**: This set, containing IDs from 400,001 to 522,301.
### 2. MobileViews_Apps_CompleteTraces
The `MobileViews_Apps_CompleteTraces` folder is a new addition, providing complete interaction traces for apps. Each app trace includes screenshots, VH files, and actions taken within the app, organized as follows:
- **`Zip_Files/`**: Each `.zip` file represents a batch of app data, named with an index and total screenshot count (e.g., `001_8348.zip` : the first batch with 8,348 screenshots).
- Inside each zip file are **200 subfolders**, each named by an app’s package name and containing interaction data for that app. Details on each app’s interaction data structure are provided below.
- **`OneExample.zip`**: A sample app trace illustrating the folder structure and contents for a single app. This zip file includes all files and subfolders needed to explore the sample app trace offline. After downloading and extracting `OneExample.zip`, you can open `index.html` in a web browser to interactively view the app trace structure, metadata, and interactions.
- **`Index_CSV.zip`**: This zip file contains all the `.csv` files listing the app package names and screenshot counts for each corresponding zip file (e.g., `001_8348.csv` for `001_8348.zip`).
#### App Trace Folder Structure
Each app’s folder within a zip file includes:
- **`states/`**:
- **Screenshots**: `.jpg` files for each interaction state (e.g., `screen_1.jpg`).
- **View Hierarchies**: `.json` and `.xml` files for each screenshot's UI structure (e.g., `state_1.json` and `window_dump_1.xml`). The `.json` format, captured by DroidBot’s internal logic via Android Accessibility Service, and the `.xml` format, captured via ADB commands, are nearly identical but differ in specific attributes.
- **`views/`**: UI elements related to interactions, such as clicked or scrolled elements for each state transition.
- **`actions.csv`**: A log of interactions within the app, with each action recorded in three columns:
- `from_state`: The state before the action.
- `to_state`: The state after the action.
- `action`: The specific interaction, such as an `intent` command or `touch` on a UI element (e.g., `<button>`, `<p>`), often with details like the element's `alt` text and bounding box coordinates.
- **`index.html`**: Open in a browser for an interactive visualization of app traces. Click nodes or edges to view metadata and interaction details for each UI state and transition.
- **`utg.js`**: Supports `index.html` with structured app trace data, including UI states, transitions, and app metadata.
- **`stylesheets/`**: CSS and JavaScript files for `index.html` rendering.
## 🔎 Detailed Metadata and File Descriptions
### AppMetadata.csv Columns
The `AppMetadata.csv` file contains detailed information about each app. Columns include:
| Column | Description | Column | Description |
|---------------------|--------------------------------------|---------------------|--------------------------------------|
| `title` | App title | `installs` | Number of installs |
| `minInstalls` | Minimum number of installs | `realInstalls` | Real number of installs |
| `score` | App score (rating) | `ratings` | Number of ratings |
| `reviews` | Number of reviews | `histogram` | Rating distribution |
| `price` | App price | `free` | Whether the app is free (True/False) |
| `offersIAP` | Offers in-app purchases (True/False)| `inAppProductPrice` | In-app product price |
| `developer` | Developer name | `developerId` | Developer ID |
| `genre` | App genre | `genreId` | Genre ID |
| `categories` | App categories | `contentRating` | Content rating (e.g., Everyone, Teen)|
| `adSupported` | App is ad-supported (True/False) | `containsAds` | App contains ads (True/False) |
| `released` | App release date | `lastUpdatedOn` | Date of latest update |
| `appId` | Unique app identifier | | |
### Index and Parquet files for `MobileViews_Screenshots_ViewHierarchies`
1. Index CSV: Located in `MobileViews_Screenshots_ViewHierarchies/Index_CSV`, mapping screenshot IDs to their VH files.
| Column | Description |
|--------------|-------------------------------------------|
| `Image File` | Filename of the screenshot (e.g., 0.jpg) |
| `JSON File` | Filename of the VH (e.g., 0.json) |
**Example:**
```csv
Image File,JSON File
300000.jpg,300000.json
300001.jpg,300001.json
```
2. **Parquet Columns**
| Column | Description |
|-----------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `image_content` | Binary data representing the image file (e.g., screenshot in `.jpg` format) |
| `json_content` | JSON content representing the VH for the corresponding image |
**Example Data in Parquet:**
| image_content | json_content |
|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Binary image data | `{"viewHierarchy": {"bounds": [0, 0, 1080, 1920], "viewClass": ...}` |
| Binary image data | `{"viewHierarchy": {"bounds": [0, 0, 1080, 1920], "viewClass": ...}` |
| Binary image data | `{"viewHierarchy": {"bounds": [0, 0, 1080, 1920], "viewClass": ...}` |
### Index files for `MobileViews_Apps_CompeleteTraces`
Each index CSV in `MobileViews_Apps_CompleteTraces/Index_CSV.zip` lists the app package names and screenshot count in the corresponding zip file.
| apk_name | state_number |
|-----------------------------|--------------|
| com.sportzentral.app | 25 |
| com.boostedproductivity.app | 23 |
## 🌏 How to Download
### Download via Hugging Face Python Library
**Install the library:**
```bash
pip install huggingface_hub
```
**Download specific files:**
```python
from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
# Download specific files
hf_hub_download(repo_id="mllmTeam/MobileViews", filename="MobileViews_Screenshots_ViewHierarchies/Parquets/MobileViews_0-150000.parquet")
hf_hub_download(repo_id="mllmTeam/MobileViews", filename="MobileViews_Screenshots_ViewHierarchies/Zip_Files/MobileViews_0-150000.zip")
hf_hub_download(repo_id="mllmTeam/MobileViews", filename="AppMetadata.csv")
```
**Download the entire repository:**
```python
from huggingface_hub
import snapshot_download
# Download the entire repository
snapshot_download(repo_id="mllmTeam/MobileViews")
```
## 📋 Usage Guidelines
### Using `zip` and `parquet` Files in `MobileViews_Screenshots_ViewHierarchies`
To verify file integrity before using the `zip` files, follow the steps below.
**Zip File Example**
```bash
# Follow these steps to validate and extract MobileViews_0-150000.zip before using its contents.
zip -T MobileViews_0-150000.zip # Expected output: test of MobileViews_0-150000.zip OK
# Verify file counts for JSON and JPG files
unzip -l MobileViews_0-150000.zip | grep ".json" | wc -l # Expected: 150001
unzip -l MobileViews_0-150000.zip | grep ".jpg" | wc -l # Expected: 150001
# Check file size and SHA256 checksum
du -sh MobileViews_0-150000.zip # Expected: 23G
sha256sum -c MobileViews_0-150000.zip.sha256 # Expected: MobileViews_0-150000.zip: OK
# Unzip
unzip MobileViews_0-150000.zip
```
**Parquet File Usage**
Parquet files are a columnar storage format that allows for efficient data handling, especially for large datasets. Each `.parquet` file contains binary data for screenshots and JSON data for VHs.
To explore or extract data from `.parquet` files, use the `useparquet.py` script provided. This script includes helpful functions, such as `check_row_count`, `save_n_images_and_jsons`, and `save_all_images_and_jsons`, to facilitate quick access to images and VHs.
```bash
pip install pyarrow
# Uncomment the function you need and run the helper script to interact with the .parquet file
python path/to/useparquet.py
```
### Mapping Screenshots and States in `MobileViews_Apps_CompleteTraces`
Each app's folder contains screenshots, states, and actions data. Use our screenshot-state mapping script (`MobileViews_Apps_CompleteTraces/screenshot_state_mapping.py`) to generate a CSV file mapping `screen_id`, `state_str (a unique hash representing each screenshot)`, `structure_str (a hash focusing on UI structure only)`, `vh_json_id` and `vh_xml_id`.
The script provides two main functions:
- `process_single_folder(single_folder_path)` for one apk folder
- `process_multiple_folders(parent_folder_path)` for multiple APK folders
```bash
# Specify your folder path and uncomment the desired function:
# Run the script
python path/to/screenshot_state_mapping.py
```
You can also find the example output in `MobileViews_Apps_CompleteTraces/OneExample.zip`
## 🌟 Future Updates and Feedback
We’re continuously expanding the `MobileViews` dataset by crawling more apps and capturing a wider range of interactions. Future releases will bring even more data, making `MobileViews` an increasingly valuable resource for mobile UI research.
If you have any questions, encounter issues, or want to share feedback, please don’t hesitate to reach out via email or leave a comment. We’re here to help and genuinely appreciate suggestions that could improve the dataset. Your insights are invaluable as we work to make `MobileViews` as helpful and impactful as possible for the research community.
Thank you for your support and for helping us grow `MobileViews`!
## 🔖 Citation
If you use this dataset in your research, please cite our work as follows:
```
@misc{gao2024mobileviewslargescalemobilegui,
title={MobileViews: A Large-Scale Mobile GUI Dataset},
author={Longxi Gao and Li Zhang and Shihe Wang and Shangguang Wang and Yuanchun Li and Mengwei Xu},
year={2024},
eprint={2409.14337},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.HC},
url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.14337},
}
```