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[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Jeremy Allen White is an American television director." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Jeremy Allen White Jeremy Allen White\nJeremy Allen White (born February 18, 1991) is an American film and television actor. He is best known for playing Phillip \"Lip\" Gallagher on the acclaimed Showtime dramedy series \"Shameless\".\nWhite has appeared in several films including \"Beautiful Ohio\", \"The Speed of Life\", \"Afterschool\", \"Twelve\", and \"After Everything\".\nEarly life.\nPrior to meeting each other, White's parents had both moved to New York City to pursue" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Jeremy White Jeremy White\nJeremy White may refer to:\n- Jeremy White (bass), English bass\n- Jeremy White (drummer), former drummer for the band The Revolution Smile\n- Jeremy Allen White (born 1991), American film and television actor\n- Jeremy Joyner White (1938–1990), professor at the University of Lagos\nSee also.\n- Jerry White (disambiguation)" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Machu Picchu was built with brick walls." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Machu Picchu referred to as the \"Lost City of the Incas\", it is the most familiar icon of Inca civilization. The Incas built the estate around 1450 but abandoned it a century later at the time of the Spanish conquest. Although known locally, it was not known to the Spanish during the colonial period and remained unknown to the outside world until American historian Hiram Bingham brought it to international attention in 1911.\nMachu Picchu was built in the classical Inca style, with polished dry-stone walls. Its three primary structures" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Machu Picchu used as tombs, yet there is no evidence that Mach'ay was a burial ground.\nSite Construction.\nThe central buildings use the classical Inca architectural style of polished dry-stone walls of regular shape. The Incas were masters of this technique, called ashlar, in which blocks of stone are cut to fit together tightly without mortar.\nThe section of the mountain where Machu Picchu was built provided various challenges that the Incas solved with local materials. One issue was the seismic activity due to two fault lines. It made" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Denzel Washington starred in Fences." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Fences (film) Fences (film)\nFences is a 2016 American period drama film starring, produced and directed by Denzel Washington and written by August Wilson, based on his Pulitzer Prize-winning play of the same name. In addition to Washington, the film also stars Viola Davis, Stephen McKinley Henderson, Jovan Adepo, Russell Hornsby, Mykelti Williamson and Saniyya Sidney.\nPrincipal photography on the film began on April 25, 2016, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in the Hill District, and wrapped in mid-June 2016. \"" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Saniyya Sidney \" as the reenactment of Flora Harris. Sidney next appeared in \"Fences\", the film with four 2017 Oscar nominations, including one win, directed by Denzel Washington, opposite Washington and Viola Davis, and \"Hidden Figures\", the film which received three 2017 Oscar nominations, directed by Theodore Melfi, both of which were released in December 2016. Sidney next starred in \"Fast Color\" directed by Julia Hart, opposite Lorraine Toussaint and Gugu Mbatha-Raw, which had its world premiere at South by Southwest on" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "The People vs. Larry Flynt is a biopic." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The People vs. Larry Flynt The People vs. Larry Flynt\nThe People vs. Larry Flynt is a 1996 American biographical drama film directed by Miloš Forman and starring Woody Harrelson, Courtney Love, and Edward Norton. It chronicles the rise of pornographic magazine publisher and editor Larry Flynt and his subsequent clash with religious institutions and the law.\nThe film, written by Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski, spans about 35 years of Flynt's life, from his impoverished upbringing in Kentucky to his court battle with Reverend Jerry Falwell, and is based in part on the" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Charles Keating trial in 1976 for pandering obscenity and for engaging in a form of organized crime. Local public opinion ran against Flynt. Flynt was convicted on both counts and received the maximum sentence of 7 to 25 years in prison. While the conviction was later overturned on appeal, the verdict again established Cincinnati's community standards in this regard, and even after Keating left for Arizona, his influence remained in Cincinnati being a center of anti-pornography fervor. In the 1996 biopic, \"The People vs. Larry Flynt\", which reportedly" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Robert Lee Yates was born on May 27, 1952." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Robert Lee Yates Robert Lee Yates\nRobert Lee Yates Jr. (born May 27, 1952) is an American serial killer from Spokane, Washington. From 1996 to 1998, Yates is known to have murdered at least 13 women, all of whom were sex workers working on E. Sprague Avenue, in Spokane. Yates also confessed to two murders committed in Walla Walla in 1975 and a 1988 murder committed in Skagit County. In 2002, Yates was convicted of killing two women in Pierce County and sentenced to death, but his death sentences were" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Robert Yates Robert Yates\nRobert Yates is the name of:\n- Robert Yates (NASCAR owner) (1943–2017), NASCAR team owner\n- Robert Yates Racing, the team he owned\n- Robert Yates (politician) (1738–1801), Anti-Federalist American politician\n- Robert Yates (New Zealand cricketer) (1845–1931), New Zealand cricketer\n- Robert Yates (English cricketer) (born 1999), English cricketer\n- Robert Lee Yates (born 1952), serial killer\n- Robert D. Yates (" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Cindy McCain's father did not die." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Cindy McCain in the United States. She participated in both of her husband's presidential campaigns and, in 2008, drew both positive and negative scrutiny for her appearance, demeanor, wealth, spending habits, and financial obligations. She continues to be an active philanthropist and serves on the boards of Operation Smile, Eastern Congo Initiative, CARE, and HALO Trust, frequently making overseas trips in conjunction with their activities. During the 2010s, she has become prominent in the fight against human trafficking. From 2017 until his death, she dealt" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Early life and military career of John McCain Phoenix, with Senators William Cohen and Gary Hart as best man and groomsman. McCain's children were upset with him and did not attend the wedding, but after several years they reconciled with him and Cindy. Carol McCain became a personal assistant to Nancy Reagan and later Director of the White House Visitors Office. The Reagans were stunned by the divorce; Nancy Reagan's relationship with John McCain turned cold for a while following it, but eventually the two renewed their friendship. The same happened with most of McCain's other friends" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. has won Fighter of the Year three times." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.\nMayweather is a two-time winner of \"The Ring\" magazine's Fighter of the Year award (1998 and 2007), a three-time winner of the Boxing Writers Association of America Fighter of the Year award (2007, 2013, and 2015), and a six-time winner of the Best Fighter ESPY Award (2007–2010, 2012–2014). In 2016, Mayweather" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Al Haymon Al Haymon\nAlan Haymon (born April 21, 1955) is an American boxing promoter and manager. He is the manager to Floyd Mayweather, Jr. and has won the Boxing Writers of America Manager of the Year Award a total of five times\nEarly life.\nHaymon was raised in Cleveland, Ohio and studied economics at Harvard. He also has an MBA from Harvard.\nMusic career.\nHis main career start was in music promotion, where he promoted such acts as M. C. Hammer, New Edition," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Las Vegas is not the 28th-most populated city in the United States." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Las Vegas Las Vegas\nLas Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"; ), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County. The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Outline of Nevada - Mountain ranges of Nevada\n- Rivers of Nevada\n- Valleys of Nevada\nGeography of Nevada Regions of Nevada.\n- Southern Nevada\n- Western Nevada\nGeography of Nevada Regions of Nevada Administrative divisions of Nevada.\n- The 16 counties and 1 independent city of the state of Nevada\n- Municipalities in Nevada\n- Cities in Nevada\n- State capital of Nevada: Carson City\n- Largest city in Nevada: Las Vegas (28th most populous city in the United States)\n- City nicknames in Nevada\nGeography" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Cosmetics exclude foundation." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Cosmetics foundation, blush, and bronzer. Other common cosmetics include skin cleansers, body lotions, shampoo and conditioner, hairstyling products (gel, hair spray, etc.), perfume and cologne.\nIn the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates cosmetics, defines cosmetics as \"intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's structure or functions\". This broad definition includes any material intended for use as" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Gelatin ) of the European Union in 2003 stated that the risk associated with bovine bone gelatin is very low or zero.\nIn 2006, the European Food Safety Authority stated that the SSC opinion was confirmed, that the BSE risk of bone-derived gelatin was small, and that it recommended removal of the 2003 request to exclude the skull, brain, and vertebrae of bovine origin older than 12 months from the material used in gelatin manufacturing.\nCosmetics.\nIn cosmetics, hydrolyzed collagen may be found in topical creams," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Tennis is a sport." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Tennis ball Tennis ball\nA tennis ball is a ball designed for the sport of tennis. Tennis balls are fluorescent yellow at major sporting events, but in recreational play can be virtually any color. Tennis balls are covered in a fibrous felt which modifies their aerodynamic properties, and each has a white curvilinear oval covering it.\nSpecifications.\nModern tennis balls must conform to certain criteria for size, weight, deformation, and bounce criteria to be approved for regulation play. The International Tennis Federation (ITF) defines the official diameter" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Tennis in China Tennis in China\nTennis in China is a rapidly growing sport that has received much private and public support, and has today become firmly entrenched in the Chinese as one of the most popular. Tennis is now the third-most popular sport on television in China, behind Association football and basketball. The national governing body is the China Tennis Association.\nChina has 30,000 tennis courts and an estimated 14 million people in China regularly play tennis, up from 1 million when the sport returned to the Olympics in 1988, according" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "A king of England was Charles II of England." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Charles II of England Charles II of England\nCharles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was king of England, Scotland, and Ireland. He was king of Scotland from 1649 until his deposition in 1651, and king of England, Scotland and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death.\nCharles II was the eldest surviving child of Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and Henrietta Maria of France. After Charles I's execution at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Duration of English, British and United Kingdom parliaments from 1660 parliament. The 1660 convention restored King Charles II of England. The 1689–90 convention offered the throne jointly to King William III of England and Queen Mary II of England.\n- KC2 – Parliament summoned by King Charles II of England.\n- KJ2 – Parliament summoned by King James II of England.\n- WM – Parliament summoned by King William III of England and Queen Mary II of England (before her death in 1694, after which her husband was sole monarch).\n- QA – Parliament summoned by Queen" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "The Rainy River, the Pigeon River, Lake Superior, the St. Marys River, Lake Huron, the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, the Detroit River, Lake Erie, the Niagara River, Lake Ontario are in Ontario." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Ontario the Rainy River, the Pigeon River, Lake Superior, the St. Marys River, Lake Huron, the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, the Detroit River, Lake Erie, the Niagara River, Lake Ontario and along the St. Lawrence River from Kingston, Ontario, to the Quebec boundary just east of Cornwall, Ontario. There is only about of land border made up of portages including Height of Land Portage on the Minnesota border.\nOntario is sometimes conceptually divided into two regions, Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Geography of Ontario of the St Lawrence River and the Atlantic Ocean. The U.S./Minnesota border then follows tributaries of the Pigeon River to its mouth at Lake Superior. Ontario borders Michigan across Lake Superior, the Saint Mary's River, Lake Huron, the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, the Detroit River, and Lake Erie. The province also borders Ohio and Pennsylvania across Lake Erie. The 309 km boundary with New York includes Lake Ontario, the St. Lawrence and Niagara rivers.\nPhysical geography Elevation.\nAn extensive amount of land along" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Macbeth is a TV series." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Macbeth (1971 film) Macbeth (1971 film)\nMacbeth (or The Tragedy of Macbeth) is a 1971 British-American historical period drama film directed by Roman Polanski and co-written by Polanski and Kenneth Tynan. A film adaptation of William Shakespeare's tragedy of the same name, it tells the story of the Highland lord who becomes King of Scotland through treachery and murder.\nThe film stars Jon Finch as the title character and Francesca Annis as Lady Macbeth, noted for their relative youth as actors. Themes of historic recurrence, greater" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Hamish Macbeth (TV series) Hamish Macbeth (TV series)\nHamish Macbeth is a comedy-mystery-drama series made by BBC Scotland and first aired in 1995. It is loosely based on a series of mystery novels by M. C. Beaton (Marion Chesney). The series concerns a local police officer, Constable Hamish Macbeth, in the fictitious town of Lochdubh on the west coast of Scotland. The title character was played by Robert Carlyle. It ran for three series from 1995 to 1997, with the first two series having six episodes and the" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Game of Thrones has five seasons." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Game of Thrones (season 5) season on April 8, 2014, together with the sixth season, which began filming in July 2014. The season was filmed primarily in Ireland, Northern Ireland, Croatia and Spain.\n\"Game of Thrones\" features a large ensemble cast, including Peter Dinklage, Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, Lena Headey, Emilia Clarke, and Kit Harington. The season introduced a number of new cast members, including Jonathan Pryce and Alexander Siddig.\nCritics praised the show's production values and cast, giving specific accolades for Dinklage's" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Ciarán Hinds in the series \"Rome\", DCI James Langton in \"Above Suspicion\", and Mance Rayder in \"Game of Thrones\". As a stage actor Hinds has enjoyed spells with the Royal Shakespeare Company, the Royal National Theatre in London, and six seasons with Glasgow Citizens' Theatre, and he has continued to work on stage throughout his career.\nEarly life.\nHinds was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Brought up as a Catholic in North Belfast, he was one of five children and the only" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Russell Crowe portrayed the Nobel Prize winning scientist John F. Nash in the 2001 biopic A Beautiful Mind." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Russell Crowe Drama and a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role.\nCrowe's other films include \"Romper Stomper\" (1992), \"L.A. Confidential\" (1997), \"\" (2003), \"Cinderella Man\" (2005), \"American Gangster\" (2007), \"State of Play\" (2009), \"Robin Hood\" (2010), \"Les Misérables\" (2012), \"Man of Steel\" (2013) and \"Noah\"" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Russell Crowe Award for Best Actor and 10 further nominations for best actor.\nCrowe appeared as the tobacco firm whistle blower Jeffrey Wigand in the 1999 film \"The Insider\", for which he received five awards as best actor and seven nominations in the same category. In 2001, Crowe's portrayal of mathematician and Nobel Prize winner John F. Nash in the biopic \"A Beautiful Mind\" brought him numerous awards, including a BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role, a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Motion Picture" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Taal was romantic." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Taal (film) Taal (film)\nTaal (English: \"Rhythm\") is a 1999 Indian musical romantic drama film co written, edited, produced and directed by Subhash Ghai. \"Taal\" was premiered at the Chicago International Film Festival, the \"official selection\" at the 2005 , and the 45th International Film Festival of India in the Celebrating Dance in Indian cinema section.\nThe film stars Anil Kapoor, Akshaye Khanna, Aishwarya Rai, Amrish Puri and Alok Nath. It was also dubbed in Tamil as \"Thaalam\"" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Mah Laqa Bai She excelled in Ghazal singing in multiple raga (melodic modes) and Taal (rhythms); she was adept at the Yaman raga and Khayal Tappa which she use to sing at special occasions. Mah laqa preferred using Bhimpalasi raga in romantic Ghazals. When singing Sufi songs she used Dhrupad raga mixed with taal chautala and raga Bhairavi. Mah Laqa excelled in singing love lyrics accompanied by Deccani style of Kathak dance. She established a cultural centre in which 300 girls were trained by her along with other masters. Maha Laqa's library" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Robbie Collin is a British citizen." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Robbie Collin Robbie Collin\nRobbie Collin is a British film critic.\nCollin studied aesthetics and the philosophy of film at the University of St Andrews, Scotland. He edited the university's student newspaper, \"The Saint\".\nCollin has been the chief film critic at \"The Daily Telegraph\" since 2011. From 2007 to 2011 he wrote a weekly film column for the \"News of the World\" until the newspaper's closure. That year he was shortlisted for Critic of the Year at the British Press Awards, and" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Collin (surname) business owner\n- Nathalie Collin, French business woman who works in the digital field\n- Paul Collin (1843–1915), French poet, writer, translator and librettist\n- Philipp Collin (born 1990), German male former volleyball player\n- Raphaël Collin (1850–1916), French painter and teacher\n- Richard Collin (1626–1698), engraver from Luxembourg\n- Richard H. Collin (1932–2010), American historian and food writer\n- Robbie Collin, British film critic\n- Robert E. Collin (1928–2010)," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "In the May of 2011, Sleeping Beauty was shown for the first time." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Sleeping Beauty (2011 film) .\nThe film is based on influences that include Leigh's own dream experiences, and the novels \"The House of the Sleeping Beauties\" and \"Memories of My Melancholy Whores\" by Nobel laureates Yasunari Kawabata and Gabriel Garcia Marquez, respectively.\nThe film premiered in May at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival as the first Competition entry to be screened. It was the first Australian film In Competition at Cannes since \"Moulin Rouge!\" (2001). \"Sleeping Beauty\" was released in Australia on 23 June 2011" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Last Sleep of Arthur in Avalon Rico. However, it was shown for a short time at Tate Britain in London in 2009–10 while the Ponce museum underwent restoration. The painting was also on view at that time at the Prado Museum in Madrid for the exhibition \"The Sleeping Beauty: Victorian Painting from The Museo de Arte de Ponce\" (2 February 2009 - 31 May 2009).\nReferences.\n- \n- \n- Wildman, Stephen: \"Edward Burne-Jones, Victorian artist-dreamer\", Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1998," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Charles Mackay is a poet and an author." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Charles Mackay (author) Charles Mackay (author)\nCharles Mackay (27 March 1814 – 24 December 1889) was a Scottish poet, journalist, author, anthologist, novelist, and songwriter, remembered mainly for his book \"Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds\".\nEarly life.\nCharles Mackay was born in Perth, Scotland. His father, George Mackay, was a bombardier in the Royal Artillery, and his mother Amelia Cargill died shortly after his birth. His birthdate was 26 March 1812, although he always gave it" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Charles Mackay Charles Mackay\nCharles Mackay or MacKay may refer to:\n- Charles Mackay (author) (1814–1889), Scottish poet, journalist, author, anthologist, novelist, and songwriter\n- Charles Mackay (mayor) (1875–1929), New Zealand lawyer, local politician, and Mayor of Wanganui\n- Charles R. Mackay, Australian immunologist, fellow of the Australian Academy of Science\n- Charles MacKay (born 1950), American arts administrator\n- Charlie MacKay, Australian rules footballer and noted physician" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Antarctica has people who reside in it." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Antarctica the year) is −63 °C (−81 °F). Anywhere from 1,000 to 5,000 people reside throughout the year at research stations scattered across the continent. Organisms native to Antarctica include many types of algae, bacteria, fungi, plants, protista, and certain animals, such as mites, nematodes, penguins, seals and tardigrades. Vegetation, where it occurs, is tundra.\nAntarctica is noted as the last region on Earth in recorded history to be discovered, unseen until 1820 when the Russian expedition" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Polar ecology continent that does not have a land mammal population. There are also no birds that reside in Antarctica. Though, it has been known that various birds from South America have been spotted in Antarctica. Two studies have assessed the contributions of soil invertebrates to the polar ecosystem in Antarctica, suggesting that biotic interactions play crucial roles in such a seemingly simple ecosystem.\nFor animals to be able to live in the polar region they have to have adaptations which allow them to live in the cold and windy environments. These animals have" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Richard Burbage's spectrum is shown in the number of the parts he portrayed." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Richard Burbage and scope as an actor is revealed in the sheer size of the roles he played. He was a great box office draw. Of the hundreds of plays and thousands of roles for actors that date from the 1580–1610 era, there are only twenty or so roles that are longer than 800 lines. Edward Alleyn was the first English actor to manage such roles, in Marlowe's \"Tamburlaine\" and \"The Jew of Malta;\" but the majority of these star roles, thirteen of the twenty, were acted by Burbage" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Rayleigh fading valid only for values of formula_13 between formula_15; the spectrum is zero outside this range. This spectrum is shown in the figure for a maximum Doppler shift of 10 Hz. The 'bowl shape' or 'bathtub shape' is the classic form of this Doppler spectrum.\nGenerating Rayleigh fading.\nAs described above, a Rayleigh fading channel itself can be modelled by generating the real and imaginary parts of a complex number according to independent normal Gaussian variables. However, it is sometimes the case that it is simply" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Boston is in a republic." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Boston the city claim the highest average rate of philanthropy in the United States; businesses and institutions rank among the top in the country for environmental sustainability and investment. The city has one of the highest costs of living in the United States as it has undergone gentrification, though it remains high on world livability rankings.\nHistory.\nHistory Colonial.\nBoston's early European settlers had first called the area \"Trimountaine\" (after its \"three mountains,\" only traces of which remain today) but later renamed it \"Boston" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Music Republic Records Music Republic Records\nMusic Republic Records is an American independent record label owned and operated by Nigerian classical guitarist and singer Victor Chukwunonso Nite Jr., also known as Clef nite. Nite founded Music Republic Records in 2009 in Boston, Massachusetts to promote musical genres including Afro-Pop, Folk, World Music, and Soul, and the artists who create and perform this type of music.\nHistory.\nMusic Republic Records started operations in 2014 with two projects. Clef nite’s tribute to Boston after the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Greenpeace is focused on the issues of deforestation." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Greenpeace Greenpeace\nGreenpeace is a non-governmental environmental organization with offices in over 39 countries and an international coordinating body in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Greenpeace was founded in 1971 by Irving Stowe and Dorothy Stowe, Canadian and US ex-pat environmental activists. Greenpeace states its goal is to \"ensure the ability of the Earth to nurture life in all its diversity\" and focuses its campaigning on worldwide issues such as climate change, deforestation, overfishing, commercial whaling, genetic engineering, and anti-nuclear issues. It uses direct" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Fonterra ensuring a sustainable supply of palm kernel \"and ensuring we do not support deforestation, directly or indirectly\"\nFonterra is a member of the Roundtable for Sustainable Palm Oil to ensure it was informed or sustainability issues in South-East Asia and \"to actively contribute to more robust sustainability certification systems\"\nFonterra was also the subject of Greenpeace Aotearoa New Zealand protests off the Port of Tauranga on 16 September 2009 and Port Taranaki on 5 February 2011, where Greenpeace activists invaded ships carrying palm kernel animal feed, destined for dairy" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "The Land Before Time is about an orphaned dinosaur." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Land Before Time The plot concerns a young \"Longneck\" named Littlefoot, who is orphaned when his mother is killed by a \"Sharptooth\". Littlefoot flees famine and upheaval to search for the Great Valley, an area spared from devastation. On his journey, he meets four young companions: Cera the \"Threehorn\", Ducky the \"Bigmouth\", Petrie the \"Flyer\", and Spike the \"Spiketail\".\nThe film explores issues of prejudice between the different species and the hardships they endure in their journey as they are" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "List of The Land Before Time characters residents of their home, the Great Valley, and outsiders to the Great Valley.\nCreation and development.\nThe idea for \"The Land Before Time\" came during production of \"An American Tail\". Steven Spielberg's studio Amblin Entertainment was interested in doing a film about dinosaurs, which were popular at the time, leading Spielberg, director Don Bluth, and producer George Lucas to develop the prehistoric setting and its cast. Inspired by the dinosaur-themed \"Rite of Spring\" sequence from Disney's \"Fantasia" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Final Fantasy XII sold copies." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Final Fantasy XII March 16, 2006 release. In North America, \"Final Fantasy XII\" shipped approximately 1.5 million copies in its first week. It was the fourth best-selling PlayStation 2 game of 2006 worldwide. As of March 2007, the game had shipped over 5.2 million copies worldwide. By November 2009, over 6 million copies of the game were sold worldwide on PlayStation 2. As of October 2017, The PlayStation 4 remaster shipped over one million copies worldwide.\nReception.\nAccording to review aggregator Metacritic, \"Final" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Final Fantasy by July 2007. \"Final Fantasy XII\" sold more than 1.7 million copies in its first week in Japan. By November 6, 2006—one week after its release—\"Final Fantasy XII\" had shipped approximately 1.5 million copies in North America. \"Final Fantasy XIII\" became the fastest-selling game in the franchise, and sold one million units on its first day of sale in Japan. \"Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn\", in comparison to its predecessor, was a runaway success, originally suffering" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Nick Nolte was born in 1943." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Nick Nolte Nick Nolte\nNicholas King Nolte (born February 8, 1941) is an American actor, producer, author, and former model. He won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama, and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for the 1991 film \"The Prince of Tides\". He went on to receive Academy Award nominations for \"Affliction\" (1998) and \"Warrior\" (2011). His other film appearances include \"The Deep\" (1977), \"Who'll" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Nolte - Ernst Ferdinand Nolte (1791–1875), German botanist\n- Ernst Nolte (1923–2016), German historian and philosopher\n- Georg Nolte (born 1959), German jurist\n- Harry Nolte (born 1961), German Olympic sprint canoer\n- Jerry Nolte (born 1955), U.S. politician, educator, and commercial artist\n- Jürgen Nolte (born 1959), German Olympic fencer\n- Kay Nolte Smith (1932–1993), U.S. writer\n- Nick Nolte (born 1941), U.S. actor\n- Richard" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Ajay Devgn played Bhagat Singh in The Legend of Bhagat Singh." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Ajay Devgn Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor. The same year he gave another critically acclaimed performance in \"Deewangee\", for which he received the Filmfare Best Villain Award. In 2003, he won his second National Film Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Bhagat Singh in Rajkumar Santoshi's biopic \"The Legend of Bhagat Singh\". Throughout his career he has performed in many critically and commercially successful films including \"Raincoat\" (2004), \"Gangajal\", (2004), \"Yuva\" (2004), \"" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Bhagat Singh , starring Shammi Kapoor as Bhagat Singh, \"Shaheed\" (1965) in which Manoj Kumar portrayed Bhagat Singh and \"Amar Shaheed Bhagat Singh\" (1974) in which Som Dutt portrays Singh. Three films about Singh were released in 2002 \"Shaheed-E-Azam\", \"\" and \"The Legend of Bhagat Singh\" in which Singh was portrayed by Sonu Sood, Bobby Deol and Ajay Devgn respectively.\nSiddharth played the role of Bhagat singh in the 2006 film \"Rang De Basanti\", a film" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Mel Gibson never worked with Peter Weir." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Mel Gibson from the Australian Film Institute. \"Gallipoli\" also helped to earn Gibson the reputation of a serious, versatile actor and gained him the Hollywood agent Ed Limato. The sequel \"Mad Max 2\" (1982) was his first hit in America, where it was released as \"The Road Warrior\". Gibson again received positive notices for his role in Peter Weir's romantic thriller \"The Year of Living Dangerously\" (1982). Following a one-year hiatus from film acting after the birth of his twin sons" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Patricia Lovell she ran a film co-production company with Mel Gibson. When \"The Today Show\" began in 1969 (which pre-dated the current show by over a decade), she joined the team, and it was there as an interviewer that she met Peter Weir, the director with whom she would produce her two best-known films, \"Picnic at Hanging Rock\" and \"Gallipoli\".\nLater career.\nLovell worked as Head of Producing at the Australian Film, Television and Radio School (AFTRS" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "My Everything peaked in ten countries alone." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "My Everything (Ariana Grande album) Zedd, and David Guetta. Upon its release, the album debuted atop the \"Billboard\" 200, selling 169,000 copies in its first week. It debuted at number one in Australia and Canada as well, and peaked in the top ten of twenty countries worldwide. As of April 2018, the album has sold 735,000 copies in the United States.\n\"My Everything\" was preceded by the lead single \"Problem\", which features Australian rapper Iggy Azalea. After its release on April 28, 2014, the single" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "V (Maroon 5 album) countries, including a peak of number 2 on the UK Singles Chart.\n\"Animals\" was released as the album's second single on August 22, 2014. The song peaked at number 3 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, giving the band their tenth top-ten hit in the country. \"Animals\" also peaked within the top-ten in an additional ten countries, and has also sold in excess of 200,000 copies in the UK alone. Likewise with their previous single, \"Animals\" achieved" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Patrick Bateman always obeys the law." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Patrick Bateman Patrick Bateman\nPatrick Bateman is a fictional character, protagonist and narrator of the novel \"American Psycho\" by Bret Easton Ellis, and its film adaptation. He is a wealthy, materialistic Wall Street investment banker who leads a double life as a serial killer. Bateman has also briefly appeared in other Ellis novels and their film and theater adaptations.\nBiography and profile.\nBateman works as a specialist in mergers and acquisitions at the fictional Wall Street investment firm of Pierce & Pierce (also Sherman McCoy's firm in \"" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Laado 2 (TV series) Rai as Balwant's Younger Brother - Malhari's Younger Brother-in-law, Tej's Father, He obeys his elder sister-in-law whom he calls \"Bhabho\" and always follows her commands and considers Indra Baba as his elder Brother after Malhari's Re-Marriage to Indra Baba. (2017–18)\n- Gulfam Khan as Rajjo - Balwant's Younger Sister, Malhari's Younger Sister-in-law, She also obeys her elder sister-in-law and considers Indra Baba as his elder Brother" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "In 2010, Chris Noth was nominated for Best Supporting Actor for The Good Wife." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Chris Noth (2008) and \"Sex and the City 2\" (2010). He was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor on Television for \"Sex and the City\" in 1999 and for \"The Good Wife\" in 2010. He studied acting at The Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre in New York City.\nEarly life.\nNoth was born in Madison, Wisconsin, the youngest of three sons of Jeanne L. Parr (March 30, 1924 – May 20, 2016), later a" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Sex and the City (season 2) received nominations for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film. Recurring cast member Chris Noth was also nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Series, Miniseries or Television Film. At the 2000 American Comedy Awards, Parker was nominated for Funniest Female Performer in a TV Series (Leading Role) Network, Cable or Syndication while Kristin Davis was nominated for Funniest Supporting Female Performer in a TV Series. Parker also received a nomination for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of novels and it is by an American." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "A Song of Ice and Fire A Song of Ice and Fire\nA Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin. He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones,\" in 1991, and it was published in 1996. Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes. The fifth and most recent volume of the series, \"A Dance with Dragons\", was published in 2011 and" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire video games List of A Song of Ice and Fire video games\n\"A Song of Ice and Fire\" is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin. The novels were later on adapted to the hit HBO series \"Game of Thrones\" in 2011.\nVideo games.\n, seven video games based on the \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels and \"Game of Thrones\" series have been released, with an eighth forthcoming. A sequel to a previously released game" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Live Your Life is a book." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Live Your Life (T.I. song) Live Your Life (T.I. song)\n\"Live Your Life\" is a song by American rapper T.I., from his sixth studio album, \"Paper Trail\" (2008), and features Barbadian singer Rihanna. It was released as the seventh single from the album on September 23, 2008. The song's lyrics speak of T.I.'s rise to fame and optimism of the future. It also gives dedication to the American troops fighting in Iraq and Afghanistan.\n\"Live Your Life\" was a commercial success worldwide." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Neil Clark Warren , Warren had written ten books, including \"Learning to Live with the Love of Your Life\", \"Love the Life you Live: 3 Secrets to Feeling Good—Deep Down in Your Soul\", and \"Date or Soul Mate?: How to Know If Someone Is Worth Pursuing in Two Dates or Less\".\nIn his book \"Finding the Love of Your Life\", Warren writes, \"What we desperately need in America is a revolution—a total change in our mate-selection process." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Vikram was visible in the movie Sethu." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Vikram (actor) of small-budget Tamil, Malayalam and Telugu films in the 1990s, many of which went unnoticed. However, the success of Bala's tragedy film \"Sethu\" (1999), in which Vikram appeared as a rogue turned lover, started Vikram's successful career as an actor. In the early 2000s, Vikram appeared in a series of masala films, with \"Dhill\" (2001), \"Gemini\" (2002), \"Dhool\" (2003) and \"Saamy\" (2003) becoming commercially successful" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Pudhiya Mannargal Pudhiya Mannargal\nPudhiya Mannargal (English: New rulers) is a 1994 Tamil film directed by Vikraman and music by A. R. Rahman. The film features Vikram and Mohini in the lead roles.,\nIt was a Sleeper hit among the audiences due to the soundtrack by A.R. Rahman and the message delivered in the movie. The movie's score and soundtrack are composed by A.R. Rahman. The film did mark Vikram as an actor to look out for, but he tasted mega success only in Sethu that released a few years" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Grand Theft Auto V is a game." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Grand Theft Auto V Grand Theft Auto V\nGrand Theft Auto V is an action-adventure video game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It was released in September 2013 for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, in November 2014 for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, and in April 2015 for Microsoft Windows. It is the first main entry in the \"Grand Theft Auto\" series since 2008's \"Grand Theft Auto IV\". Set within the fictional state of San Andreas, based on Southern California, the single-player story" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "List of Grand Theft Auto V characters List of Grand Theft Auto V characters\nRockstar North's 2013 open world action-adventure video game \"Grand Theft Auto V\", published by Rockstar Games, deals with a trio of criminals and their efforts to commit heists while under pressure from a corrupt government agency. The game's use of three protagonists is a break from series tradition. Three days after its release, \"Grand Theft Auto V\" had earned more than US $1 billion in sales, making it the fastest selling video game in history. Additionally" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "The Incredible Hulk is the fourth film produced by Marvel." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Incredible Hulk (film) The Incredible Hulk (film)\nThe Incredible Hulk is a 2008 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character the Hulk, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Universal Pictures. It is the second film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film was directed by Louis Leterrier, with a screenplay by Zak Penn. It stars Edward Norton as Bruce Banner, alongside Liv Tyler, Tim Roth, Tim Blake Nelson, Ty Burrell, and William Hurt. In \"The Incredible Hulk\", Bruce Banner becomes" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Trial of the Incredible Hulk The Trial of the Incredible Hulk\nThe Trial of the Incredible Hulk is a 1989 American made-for-television superhero film based on the 1978–1982 television series \"The Incredible Hulk\" featuring both the Hulk and fellow Marvel Comics character Daredevil, who team up to defeat Wilson Fisk. As was the case with \"The Incredible Hulk Returns\", this television movie also acted as a backdoor television pilot for a series, in this case, for Daredevil (which was not produced). It was filmed in Vancouver, British" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "There is a television series called Teen Wolf." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Teen Wolf (2011 TV series) Teen Wolf (2011 TV series)\nTeen Wolf is an American supernatural teen drama television series developed by Jeff Davis for MTV. It is loosely based on the 1985 film of the same name, and stars Tyler Posey as a teenager named Scott McCall, who is bitten by a werewolf and must cope with how it affects his life and the lives of those closest to him, and Dylan O'Brien as \"Stiles\" Stilinski, Scott's best friend. The series received generally positive reviews from critics.\n\"Teen Wolf" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Tom Choi network television shows, and is best known for his roles as Ken Yukimura in \"Teen Wolf\" and Liu Kang in the \"Mortal Kombat\" series.\nHe runs the independent production company Tension Films and was elected in 2015 and 2017 as a board member for the Los Angeles local of SAG-AFTRA, the union's largest local.\nCareer As a filmmaker and writer.\nHe made a short film called Singularity in 2016.\nChoi has claimed there are not many film and television roles for Asian Americans." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Wikipedia had 18 billion page views every month worldwide." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Wikipedia and Larry Sanger. Sanger coined its name, as a portmanteau of \"wiki\" (the Hawai'ian ) and \"encyclopedia\". Initially an English-language encyclopedia, versions in other languages were quickly developed. With , the English Wikipedia is the largest of the more than 290 Wikipedia encyclopedias. Overall, Wikipedia comprises more than 40 million articles in 301 different languages and by February 2014 it had reached 18 billion page views and nearly 500 million unique visitors per month.\nIn 2005, \"Nature\" published a peer review" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Wikipedia stating \"With 18 billion page views and nearly 500 million unique visitors a month [...] Wikipedia trails just Yahoo, Facebook, Microsoft and Google, the largest with 1.2 billion unique visitors.\"\nIn addition to logistic growth in the number of its articles, Wikipedia has steadily gained status as a general reference website since its inception in 2001. About 50 percent of search engine traffic to Wikipedia comes from Google, a good portion of which is related to academic research. The number of readers of Wikipedia worldwide reached 365" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Cosmopolitan contains content as of 2011 which includes articles on self-improvement." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Cosmopolitan (magazine) its content as of 2011 includes articles discussing relationships, sex, health, careers, self-improvement, celebrities, fashion, horoscopes, and beauty. Published by Hearst Corporation, \"Cosmopolitan\" has 64 international editions, including Armenia, Australia, Croatia, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Latin America, Malaysia, the Middle East, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom and is printed in 35 different languages and" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "WikiHow .\nwikiHow provides how-to content on the internet by allowing anyone to edit pages. As of February 2015, wikiHow contains over 180,000 how-to articles. Most how-to articles follow a similar format with steps, tips, warnings, a listing of things you'll need, and are complemented with images to help a reader learn how to complete a task.\nwikiHow uses the wiki method of continuous improvement, allowing editors to add, delete, or otherwise modify content. Once an article is created," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Jorah Mormont is portrayed on an HBO television adaptation by Sean Bean." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Jorah Mormont portrayed by the Scottish actor Iain Glen in the HBO television adaptation.\nCharacter.\nCharacter Background.\nSer Jorah Mormont is the only child of the Night's Watch's Lord Commander Jeor Mormont, who abdicated shortly before Robert's Rebellion to join the Night's Watch and let Jorah assume the lordship of Bear Island. At some point Jorah married a lady of House Glover, who died from miscarriage after ten years of marriage. Jorah fought in Greyjoy's Rebellion, distinguishing himself by being one of the first to enter the" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters Jeor Mormont joined the Night's Watch. His wife's lavish lifestyle lead to debts and Jorah engaging in sellng slaves. Escaping justice, he fled to Essos and eventually joined the service of Daenerys Targaryen, becoming one of her chief advisors.\nIn the HBO television adaptation, he is portrayed by Iain Glen.\nHouse Targaryen Brynden Rivers.\nBrynden Rivers, better known as \"Lord Bloodraven\", is a legitimized bastard son of King Aegon IV Targaryen (called Aegon the Unworthy) and Melissa Blackwood. He is one" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "American Gods is an American film." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "American Gods (TV series) stated in an interview in October 2018 that the plan was to make five seasons of the series.\nOn May 10, 2017, the series was renewed for a second season. On November 29, 2017, it was announced that Fuller and Green were departing the show and were to be replaced as showrunners for season two after having completed writing roughly half of the season's scripts. On February 2, 2018, Jesse Alexander was announced as co-showrunner for the second season alongside Gaiman, however Alexander was removed in" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Wrath of the Gods (1914 film) The Wrath of the Gods (1914 film)\nThe Wrath of the Gods is a 1914 American silent drama film directed by Reginald Barker and starring Sessue Hayakawa, Tsuru Aoki, Frank Borzage, Thomas Kurihara and Henry Kotani. This was the first feature film appearance of Hayakawa and the directorial debut of Barker.\nThe film is based on an American sailor who comes to the Yamaki family after his ship wrecks in the ocean. The sailor (Borzage) falls in love with the daughter (Aoki) of the family," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Antarctica is a continent." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Antarctica the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula.\nAntarctica, on average, is the coldest, driest, and windiest continent, and has the highest average elevation of all the continents. Most of Antarctica is a polar desert, with annual precipitation of along the coast and far less inland. The temperature in Antarctica has reached −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) (or even −94.7 °C (−135.8 °F) as measured from space), though the average for the third quarter (the coldest part of" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Ice cap climate Antarctica is centered on the South Pole. Antarctica is surrounded on all sides by the Southern Ocean. As a result, high-speed winds circle around Antarctica, preventing warmer air from temperate zones from reaching the continent.\nWhile Antarctica does have some small areas of tundra on the northern fringes, the vast majority of the continent is extremely cold and permanently frozen. Because it is climatically isolated from the rest of the Earth, the continent has extreme cold not seen anywhere else, and weather systems rarely penetrate into the continent" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Qatar borders the Persian Gulf to the north." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Qatar Qatar\nQatar (, , or ; ' ; local vernacular pronunciation: ), officially the State of Qatar ( '), is a country located in Western Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula. \nWhether the sovereign state should be regarded as a constitutional monarchy or an absolute monarchy is disputed. Its sole land border is with neighbouring Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) monarchy Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its territory surrounded by the Persian Gulf. The Gulf" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Al Shamal Al Shamal\nAl Shamal () is a municipality in the state of Qatar. Its seat is called \"Madinat ash Shamal\" and it is considered to be one of the major cities in Qatar. The seat's name translates to \"city of the north\" - although the population is barely over 5,000.\nRas Rakan, the Qatari Peninsula's northernmost point, is included in the municipality, and as such is surrounded by the Persian Gulf in all directions except for the south. It borders the municipality of Al" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Many copies of Archimedes' written work survived through the Middle Ages." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Archimedes while commentaries on the works of Archimedes written by Eutocius in the sixth century AD opened them to wider readership for the first time. The relatively few copies of Archimedes' written work that survived through the Middle Ages were an influential source of ideas for scientists during the Renaissance, while the discovery in 1906 of previously unknown works by Archimedes in the Archimedes Palimpsest has provided new insights into how he obtained mathematical results.\nBiography.\nArchimedes was born c. 287 BC in the seaport city of Syracuse, Sicily, at that" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Archimedes a palimpsest, a document with text that had been written over an erased older work. Palimpsests were created by scraping the ink from existing works and reusing them, which was a common practice in the Middle Ages as vellum was expensive. The older works in the palimpsest were identified by scholars as 10th century AD copies of previously unknown treatises by Archimedes. The parchment spent hundreds of years in a monastery library in Constantinople before being sold to a private collector in the 1920s. On October 29, 1998 it was sold at auction" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Boardwalk Empire is an American period comedy." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Boardwalk Empire Boardwalk Empire\nBoardwalk Empire is an American period crime drama television series created by Terence Winter and broadcast on the premium cable channel HBO. The series is set chiefly in Atlantic City, New Jersey, during the Prohibition era of 1920s and stars Steve Buscemi as Nucky Thompson. Winter, a Primetime Emmy Award-winning screenwriter and producer, created the show, inspired by Nelson Johnson's non-fiction book \"Boardwalk Empire: The Birth, High Times, and Corruption of Atlantic City\", about the historical criminal kingpin Enoch" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Mark Wahlberg also served as executive producer of four HBO series: the comedy-drama \"Entourage\" (2004–2011), the period crime drama \"Boardwalk Empire\" (2010–2014), and the comedy-dramas \"How to Make It in America\" (2010–2011) and \"Ballers\" (2015–present). He is co-owner of the Wahlburgers chain and co-stars in the reality TV series about it. Wahlberg received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on July 29, 2010. He frequently portrays police officers," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Lance Armstrong helped disband Team Radio Shack." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Lance Armstrong France titles, as well as a bronze medal in the 2000 Summer Olympics. Armstrong retired from racing at the end of the 2005 Tour de France, but returned to competitive cycling with the Astana team in January 2009, finishing third in the 2009 Tour de France later that year. Between 2010 and 2011, he raced with Team Radio Shack, the UCI ProTeam he helped found. He retired for a second time in 2011.\nArmstrong had been the subject of doping allegations ever since winning the 1999 Tour de France." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Trek Bicycle Corporation also the year Trek opened a state-of-the-art assembly facility in Whitewater, Wisconsin, leaving the Waterloo location free to focus solely on frame production.\nHistory 1997–2005 — The Armstrong years and further expansion.\nIn 1997, Trek helped sign former world road race champion (1993) Lance Armstrong to the Trek-sponsored United States Postal Service Pro Cycling Team. Armstrong won his first Tour de France in 1999 aboard a Trek 5500, becoming the first American to win the Tour on an American team riding an" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "An American football coach cameos in The Waterboy." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Waterboy The Waterboy\nThe Waterboy is a 1998 American sports comedy film directed by Frank Coraci and starring Adam Sandler, Kathy Bates, Fairuza Balk, Henry Winkler, Jerry Reed, Larry Gilliard, Jr., Blake Clark, Peter Dante and Jonathan Loughran. It was produced by Robert Simonds and Jack Giarraputo.\nLynn Swann, Lawrence Taylor, Jimmy Johnson, Bill Cowher, Paul \"\"The Big Show\"\" Wight and Rob Schneider have cameo appearances. The film was extremely profitable, earning $161.5 million in North America alone" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "List of Pittsburgh Steelers figures in broadcasting had taken a leave of absence to unsuccessfully pursue the governor's office of Pennsylvania. Swann has also had several Hollywood roles, making cameos in 1998's \"The Waterboy\", 1993's \"The Program\" and 1991's \"The Last Boy Scout\". His TV cameos include \"Saturday Night Live\" and \"The Drew Carey Show\".\n- Merril Hoge (running back, 1987-1993) - has hosted sports shows on ESPN and ESPN2 since 1996 most notably \"NFL Matchup\", \"Football Friday" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Taraji P. Henson starred in a 2012 American romantic comedy film." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Taraji P. Henson , she starred in the Lifetime Television film \"\", which brought her a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie. From 2011 to 2013, she co-starred as Detective Jocelyn Carter in the CBS drama \"Person of Interest\", for which she won an NAACP Image Award. She starred in the ensemble films \"Think Like a Man\" (2012) and its 2014 sequel. In 2015 she began starring as Cookie Lyon in the Fox drama series \"Empire\"" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "La La Anthony feature film with director/producer Brett Ratner, and a starring role in \"The Gun\".\nAnthony made her film debut in 2001 in romantic comedy \"Two Can Play That Game\". She starred in the 2012 film, \"Think Like a Man\", alongside Gabrielle Union and Taraji P. Henson and the 2013 film \"Baggage Claim\" alongside Paula Patton and Derek Luke. Anthony had guest starring roles in the CBS crime drama, \"NYC 22\" and the popular VH1 scripted show, \"Single Ladies\"" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Italy was included in the 19th G7 summit." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "19th G7 summit 19th G7 summit\nThe 19th G7 Summit was held in Tokyo, Japan, on July 7–9, 1993. The venue for the summit meetings was the State Guesthouse in Tokyo, Japan.\nThe Group of Seven (G7) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada (since 1976) and the President of the European Commission (starting officially in 1981). The summits were not meant to" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "43rd G7 summit 43rd G7 summit\nThe 43rd G7 summit was held on May 26–27, 2017 in Taormina (ME), Sicily, Italy. In March 2014, the G7 declared that a meaningful discussion was currently not possible with Russia in the context of the G8. Since then, meetings have continued within the G7 process.\nIt was the first time since 1987 that the G7 summit held in Italy was not hosted by Silvio Berlusconi. The participation of Angela Merkel and Theresa May made it the first time two G7 female leaders were" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "IBM hates the hard disk drive." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "IBM holding the record for most U.S. patents generated by a business () for 26 consecutive years. Inventions by IBM include the automated teller machine (ATM), the floppy disk, the hard disk drive, the magnetic stripe card, the relational database, the SQL programming language, the UPC barcode, and dynamic random-access memory (DRAM). The IBM mainframe, exemplified by the System/360, was the dominant computing platform during the 1960s and 1970s.\nIBM has continually shifted business operations by focusing on higher-value" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "History of IBM magnetic disk drives History of IBM magnetic disk drives\nIBM manufactured magnetic disk storage devices from 1956 to 2003, when it sold its hard disk drive business to Hitachi. Both the hard disk drive (HDD) and floppy disk drive (FDD) were invented by IBM and as such IBM's employees were responsible for many of the innovations in these products and their technologies. The basic mechanical arrangement of hard disk drives has not changed since the IBM 1301. Disk drive performance and characteristics are measured by the same standards now as they were in" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Planet of the Apes is a TV show." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Planet of the Apes (1968 film) Planet of the Apes (1968 film)\nPlanet of the Apes is a 1968 American science fiction film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner. It stars Charlton Heston, Roddy McDowall, Kim Hunter, Maurice Evans, James Whitmore, James Daly, and Linda Harrison. The screenplay by Michael Wilson and Rod Serling was loosely based on the 1963 French novel \"La Planète des Singes\" by Pierre Boulle. Jerry Goldsmith composed the groundbreaking avant-garde score. It was the first in a series of five films made between 1968 and" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Planet of the Apes (TV series) TV series. However, there are some titles that do involve the TV show characters:\nNovelizations—Four novelizations of episodes, written by George Alec Effinger, were published by Award Books. Their titles are:\n- \"Planet of the Apes #1: Man the Fugitive\"\n- \"Planet of the Apes #2: Escape From Tomorrow\"\n- \"Planet of the Apes #3: Journey Into Terror\"\n- \"Planet of the Apes #4: Lord of the Apes\"\nBritish" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Maria Sharapova plays freelance tennis." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Maria Sharapova Maria Sharapova\nMaria Yuryevna Sharapova (; born April 19, 1987) is a Russian professional tennis player. A United States resident since 1994, Sharapova has competed on the WTA tour since 2001. She has been ranked world No. 1 in singles by the WTA on five separate occasions, for a total of 21 weeks. She is one of ten women, and the only Russian, to hold the career Grand Slam. She is also an Olympic medalist, having won silver in women's singles at the 2012 Summer Olympics" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Peng Shuai has defeated many top-10 and top-5 players, including Anastasia Myskina, Elena Dementieva, Dinara Safina, Kim Clijsters, Martina Hingis, Amélie Mauresmo, Francesca Schiavone, Jelena Janković, Maria Sharapova, Ana Ivanovic, Agnieszka Radwańska, Belinda Bencic, Maria Kirilenko, Li Na, Svetlana Kuznetsova, Nadia Petrova and Vera Zvonareva.\nCareer.\nPeng began playing at age eight when an uncle (a famous tennis coach in China and the only other family member who plays tennis) introduced her to the game. She favors hard courts" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Audrey Horne was introduced in anything except a series that premiered on April 8." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Audrey Horne Audrey Horne\nAudrey Horne is a fictional character from the ABC television series \"Twin Peaks\", played by Sherilyn Fenn. The character was created by David Lynch. She was introduced in the pilot. The daughter of Ben (Richard Beymer) and Sylvia Horne, sister of Johnny Horne (Robert Bauer) and half-sister of Donna Hayward (Lara Flynn Boyle), her storylines focused on her infatuation with the series protagonist Dale Cooper (Kyle MacLachlan), infiltrating the brothel/casino One Eyed Jacks and becoming an" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "List of Twin Peaks characters each other.\nJerry ultimately leaves his profession as an attorney and, by 2014, starts producing cannabis products for sale. He also becomes increasingly disheveled and appears to have developed an addiction to cannabis. This addiction results in him getting lost in the woods and having hallucinations.\nHorne family Audrey Horne.\nAudrey Horne (Sherilyn Fenn) fits the image of a poor little rich girl, able to have anything she wants except for her father's love. She eventually discovers that her father, Benjamin, the town's" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Tyrion Lannister is a character in fiction." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Winds of Winter The Winds of Winter\nThe Winds of Winter is the planned sixth novel in the epic fantasy series \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" by American writer George R. R. Martin.\nMartin believes the last two volumes of the series will be total over 3,000 manuscript pages. They will take readers farther north than any of the previous books, and the first of the two will feature the Others. Martin has refrained from making hard estimates for the final release date of the novel.\nPlot.\n\"The Winds" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Bronn (character) a background character in the novels. Since he is not a point of view character in the novels, his actions are witnessed and interpreted through the eyes of other people, such as Catelyn Stark and Tyrion Lannister. \nStorylines.\nBronn is a skilled sellsword of low birth. Debuting in \"A Game of Thrones\", he helps Catelyn Stark escort her prisoner, Tyrion Lannister, to the Eyrie, presumably in the hope of a reward. During the journey, he befriends Tyrion and also demonstrates his skill with a" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Animal Farm did not win a Retrospective Hugo Award." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Animal Farm best English-language novels (1923 to 2005); it also featured at number 31 on the Modern Library List of Best 20th-Century Novels. It won a Retrospective Hugo Award in 1996 and is included in the Great Books of the Western World selection.\nPlot summary.\nThe poorly-run Manor Farm near Willingdon, England, is ripened for rebellion from its animal populace by neglect at the hands of the irresponsible and alcoholic farmer Mr. Jones. One night, the exalted boar Old Major organizes a meeting," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Illustrated Man (film) , for producer Howard B. Kreitsek's script fails to capture the poetry or imagination of Ray Bradbury's famous collection. Jack Smight is too conventional a director to give this the technique it screams out for.\"\nThe film was nominated for the 1970 \"Best Dramatic Presentation\" Hugo Award, but did not win.\nWhen \"The Illustrated Man\" was released on DVD in 2006, a retrospective review of the film wrote that the counterculture of the 1960s was evident in the film and that its depiction of the future" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "An actor whose birthday is May 13 acted in The Twilight Saga." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Twilight Saga (film series) The Twilight Saga (film series)\nThe Twilight Saga is a series of five romance fantasy films from Summit Entertainment based on the four novels by American author Stephenie Meyer. The films star Kristen Stewart, Robert Pattinson, and Taylor Lautner. The series has grossed over $3.3 billion in worldwide receipts. The first installment, \"Twilight\", was released on November 21, 2008. The second installment, \"\", followed on November 20, 2009, breaking box office records as the biggest midnight screening and opening day" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Gil Birmingham Gil Birmingham\nGil Birmingham (born July 13, 1953) is an American actor of Comanche ancestry, best known for his portrayal of Billy Black in \"The Twilight Saga\" film series and his recurring role as Virgil White in \"Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt\".\nEarly life and education.\nBirmingham was born in San Antonio, Texas. His family moved frequently during his childhood, due to his father's career in the military. He learned to play the guitar at an early age and considers music his \"first" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Ajay Devgn is an actor." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Ajay Devgn Shivaay\" (2016), \"Golmaal Again\" (2017), \"Raid\" (2018), \"Total Dhamaal\" (2019), and \"De De Pyaar De\" (2019). Devgn has starred in more than a hundred Hindi films. Having done so, he has established himself as one of the leading actors of Hindi cinema.\nIn addition, Devgn owns a production company Ajay Devgn FFilms, which was established in 2000. In 2008, he debuted as a film director with \"U" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Ajay Devgn FFilms Ajay Devgn FFilms\nAjay Devgn Ffilms is an Indian film production and distribution company established by actor Ajay Devgn in 2000. Based in Mumbai, it mainly produces and distributes Hindi films.\nIn 2015, Ajay Devgn has also started a Vfx company called NY VFXWAALA named after his kids, Nysa and Yug.\nHistory.\nIn 2000, ADF released its first film, Raju Chacha. The film starred Devgn himself as the lead actor and his wife Kajol as the lead actress. \"Raju Chacha\" received mixed reviews" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Phil Mickelson has not won a golf tournament." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "2010 Masters Tournament 2010 Masters Tournament\nThe 2010 Masters Tournament was the 74th Masters Tournament, played April 8–11 at Augusta National Golf Club. \nPhil Mickelson won his third Masters and fourth major title, three shots ahead of runner-up Lee Westwood.\nField.\nThe Masters has the smallest field of the major championships. Officially the Masters remains an invitation event, but there is now a qualification process. In theory, the club could simply decline to invite a qualified player. This is the list of the 96 players who played" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "2009 WGC-HSBC Champions 2009 WGC-HSBC Champions\nThe 2009 WGC-HSBC Champions was a golf tournament that was contested from 5–8 November 2009 at the Sheshan Golf Club in Shanghai, China. It was the first WGC-HSBC Champions tournament, and the fourth of four World Golf Championships events held in 2009.\nPhil Mickelson won the tournament, and claimed his second World Golf Championships title of the year and for his career. He won over Ernie Els by one stroke, and Mickelson shot a 17-under-par 271.\nField." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Extreme environments can be caused by factors." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Extreme environment water; water containing a high concentration of salt or sugar; the presence of sulphur, petroleum, and other toxic substances.\nExamples of extreme environments include the geographical poles, very arid deserts, volcanoes, deep ocean trenches, upper atmosphere, Mt Everest, outer space, and the environments of every planet in the Solar System except the Earth. Any organisms living in these conditions are often very well adapted to their living circumstances, which is usually a result of long-term evolution. Physiologists have long known that organisms" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Stress in the aviation industry can be caused by environmental, physiological, or psychological factors. Environmental stress can be caused by loud noise, small cockpit space, temperature, or any factors affecting one physically via one's current surroundings. Unpleasant environments can raise one's stress level. Physiological stress is a physical change due to influence of fatigue, anxiety, hunger, or any factors that may change a pilot's biological rhythms. Lastly, psychological factors include personal issues, including experiences, mental health, relationships and any other emotional issues a pilot may face" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Friendship has been studied only in communications." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Friendship Friendship\nFriendship is a relationship of mutual affection between people. Friendship is a stronger form of interpersonal bond than an association. Friendship has been studied in academic fields such as communication, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, and philosophy. Various academic theories of friendship have been proposed, including social exchange theory, equity theory, relational dialectics, and attachment styles.\nAlthough there are many forms of friendship, some of which may vary from place to place, certain characteristics are present in many types of such bonds. Such" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Karim Massimov People's Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, and then studied in Beijing and at Wuhan University in Hubei, China. Karim Massimov is ethnically Uyghur and is a born citizen of Kazakhstan.\nForeign Policy Experience.\nForeign Policy Experience China.\nKarim Massimov is considered a China expert. China has become an important strategic partner for Kazakhstan in recent years and the two countries are working closely together to develop Kazakhstan's energy resources. Massimov visited Beijing, China with Finance Minister Natalya Korzhova, Transport and Communications Minister Serik Akhmetov," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Drake's debut studio album only debuted at number five on the U.S. Billboard 200." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Drake (musician) , \"Comeback Season\" and \"So Far Gone\", before signing to Lil Wayne's Young Money Entertainment in June 2009.\nDrake released his debut studio album \"Thank Me Later\" in 2010, which debuted at number one on the US \"Billboard\" 200 and was soon certified platinum. His next two releases, 2011's \"Take Care\" and 2013's \"Nothing Was the Same\", were critically and commercially successful; the former earned him his first Grammy Award for Best Rap Album. In 2015" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Metallica \"Death Magnetic\" debuted at number one in the U.S. selling 490,000 units; Metallica became the first band to have five consecutive studio albums debut at number one in the history of the \"Billboard\" 200. A week after its release, \"Death Magnetic\" remained at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 and the European album chart; it also became the fastest selling album of 2008 in Australia.\n\"Death Magnetic\" remained at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 album chart for three consecutive weeks." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Con Man (web series) is an American comedy web series written by Alan Tudyk." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Con Man (web series) Con Man (web series)\nCon Man is an American comedy web series created, written, directed by, and starring Alan Tudyk. The series follows cult science fiction actor Wray Nerely (Tudyk), as he tours the convention circuit. Tudyk, one of the stars of the 2002 science fiction TV show \"Firefly\", based \"Con Man\" loosely upon his own experiences. The series is co-produced by PJ Haarsma and by Nathan Fillion, who also co-stars in it. Crowdfunded through Indiegogo" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Con Man Con Man\nCon Man may refer to:\n- Confidence man, a practitioner of confidence tricks\n- \"Con Man\" (web series), an American comedy web series created by Alan Tudyk\n- \"Freelance\" (1971 film) (\"Con Man\" in the United States), a 1971 British thriller film starring Ian McShane\n- Rob Conway (nicknamed \"The Con Man\"), an American professional wrestler\nSee also.\n- Confidence man (disambiguation)" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Richard Burbage's power is revealed." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Richard Burbage and scope as an actor is revealed in the sheer size of the roles he played. He was a great box office draw. Of the hundreds of plays and thousands of roles for actors that date from the 1580–1610 era, there are only twenty or so roles that are longer than 800 lines. Edward Alleyn was the first English actor to manage such roles, in Marlowe's \"Tamburlaine\" and \"The Jew of Malta;\" but the majority of these star roles, thirteen of the twenty, were acted by Burbage" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "John Lowin apparently was the man who seconded him (just as Lowin is known to have played Bosola to Burbage's Ferdinand in \"The Duchess of Malfi\"). In all likelihood it was Lowin who played Iago to Burbage's Othello, Mosca to his Volpone, and Subtle to his Face.\nEdward Alleyn's diary speaks of his dining with Lowin in 1620. When John Heminges died in 1630, Lowin purchased an eighth of the total shares in the Globe and Blackfriars Theatres. Together with Cuthbert Burbage, Richard Robinson and Winifred" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Legally Blonde was scripted by Joss Whedon." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Legally Blonde Legally Blonde\nLegally Blonde is a 2001 American comedy film based on Amanda Brown's novel of the same name. It was directed by Robert Luketic, scripted by Karen McCullah Lutz and Kirsten Smith, and stars Reese Witherspoon, Luke Wilson, Selma Blair, Matthew Davis, Victor Garber, and Jennifer Coolidge. The film tells the story of Elle Woods, a sorority girl who attempts to win back her ex-boyfriend by getting a Juris Doctor degree. The title is a pun on the term \"legally blind\"." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Buffy Summers the Slayer and has been living in Sunnydale for only three weeks when the series begins. She befriends Willow and Xander after saving them from a vampire outside Tunaverse, the fast food restaurant where she works.\nConcept and creation.\nThe character of Buffy was conceived by Joss Whedon as a way of subverting the cliché of \"the little blonde girl who goes into a dark alley and gets killed in every horror film\". Whedon stated \"Rhonda the Immortal Waitress\" was the first incarnation of Buffy in his head," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "This Sporting Life was Richard Harris's second role." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "This Sporting Life Alan Badel. The film was Harris's first starring role, and won him the Best Actor Award at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival. He was also nominated for an Oscar for Best Actor in a Leading Role. Roberts won her second BAFTA award and received an Oscar nomination for Best Actress. Harris was nominated for the BAFTA that year as well. The film opened at the Odeon Leicester Square in London's West End on 7 February 1963.\nPlot.\nSet in Wakefield, the film concerns Frank Machin (Harris" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Richard Harris he greatly admired, but Harris fell out with Brando over the latter's behaviour during the film's production.\nCareer \"This Sporting Life\".\nHarris's first starring role was in the film \"This Sporting Life\" (1963), as a bitter young coal miner, Frank Machin, who becomes an acclaimed rugby league football player. It was based on the novel by David Storey and directed by Lindsay Anderson. For his role, Harris won Best Actor in 1963 at the Cannes Film Festival and an Academy Award nomination" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "U2 is Irish." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "U2 U2\nU2 are an Irish rock band from Dublin, formed in 1976. The group consists of Bono (lead vocals and rhythm guitar), the Edge (lead guitar, keyboards, and backing vocals), Adam Clayton (bass guitar), and Larry Mullen Jr. (drums and percussion). Initially rooted in post-punk, U2's musical style has evolved throughout their career, yet has maintained an anthemic quality built on Bono's expressive vocals and the Edge's effects-based guitar textures. Their lyrics," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Michael Deeny Beginning in the early 1980s, Deeny began to manage the English singer Murray Head, seeing him through the peak of his career with the album and musical Chess and the worldwide hit One Night in Bangkok.\nHe was also briefly the manager of Irish featherweight boxer Barry McGuigan.\nCareer Entertainment Business Influence on U2's Management.\nIt is widely acknowledged that Deeny's management of Horslips paved the way for the success of the Irish rock band U2. Nick Stewart, the man who signed U2 to Island Records, even went" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Taraji P. Henson is a television actor." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Taraji P. Henson Taraji P. Henson\nTaraji Penda Henson ( ; born September 11, 1970) is an American actress and author. She studied acting at Howard University and began her Hollywood career in guest roles on several television shows before making her breakthrough in \"Baby Boy\" (2001). She received praise for her performances as a sex-worker in \"Hustle & Flow\" (2005), for which she received a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture nomination; and as a single mother" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "List of black Golden Globe Award winners and nominees - James Earl Jones is the most nominated in this category with 2 nominations.\n- Currently, Sterling K. Brown is the only winner in this category.\nTelevision Best Actress in a Television Series – Drama.\nNotes:\n- Denise Nicholas is the most nominated in this category with 3 nominations.\n- Gail Fisher, Regina Taylor, and Taraji P. Henson have won in this category.\nTelevision Best Actor in a Television Series – Comedy or Musical.\nNotes:\n- Redd Foxx is the most nominated in" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "The Walt Disney Company is in possession of the ABC broadcast television network." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Walt Disney Company other main divisions are Disney Media Networks, Disney Parks, Experiences and Products, and Walt Disney Direct-to-Consumer & International. Disney also owns and operates the ABC broadcast network; cable television networks such as Disney Channel, ESPN, Freeform, FX, and National Geographic; publishing, merchandising, music, and theater divisions; and Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, a group of 14 theme parks around the world. \nThe company has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since 1991. Cartoon character Mickey" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "List of programs broadcast by American Broadcasting Company List of programs broadcast by American Broadcasting Company\nThe American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is a commercial broadcast television network that is owned by the Walt Disney Television, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company. Headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, ABC is the fifth-oldest major broadcasting network in the world. The network began its TV operations in 1948.\nCurrent programming.\n\"Note\": Titles are listed in order followed by the year of debut in parentheses.\nCurrent programming Dramas." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "School 2013 is classified as a teen drama." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "School 2013 School 2013\nSchool 2013 () is a 2012 South Korean television series starring Jang Nara, Choi Daniel, Lee Jong-suk, Park Se-young and Kim Woo Bin. The teen drama depicts the struggles and dilemmas that modern-day Korean youth face, such as bullying, student suicides, school violence, deteriorating teacher-student relations, private tutoring and other real-life high school issues, all within the confines of one small classroom at Victory High School.\nIt is the fifth installment of KBS's" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Lee Jong-suk Lee's breakout role came as a high school student in the teen drama \"School 2013\". He received his first acting award for the role at the 2012 KBS Drama Awards under the category Best New Actor. He also ranked fifth according to a survey entitled 'Actors Who Lit Up 2013' by \"Gallup\" Korea.\nFollowing the success of \"School 2013\", Lee starred in the critically acclaimed drama series \"I Can Hear Your Voice\" with Lee Bo-young. He played Park Soo-" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Leopold II of Belgium was a person from 1865 to 1909." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Leopold II of Belgium Leopold II of Belgium\nLeopold II (9 April 183517 December 1909) was King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909. Born in Brussels as the second but eldest surviving son of Leopold I and Louise of Orléans, he succeeded his father to the Belgian throne in 1865 and reigned for 44 years until his death – the longest reign of any Belgian monarch. He died without surviving male heirs. The current Belgian king descends from his nephew and successor, Albert I.\nLeopold was the founder and sole owner of the Congo" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Leopold .\n- Kings of the Belgians:\n- Leopold I of Belgium (1790–1865)\n- Leopold II of Belgium (1835–1909)\n- Leopold III of Belgium (1901–1983)\nPeople Royalty Other dynasties Lippe.\n- Princes of Lippe\n- Leopold I, Prince of Lippe\n- Leopold II, Prince of Lippe\n- Leopold III, Prince of Lippe\n- Leopold IV, Prince of Lippe\nPeople Royalty Other dynasties Styria.\n- Margraves of Styria\n- Leopold of Styria, known as Leopold the Strong, (from the" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Aishwarya Rai is a brand ambassador for several business organizations and campaigns." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Aishwarya Rai 2016).\nRai married actor Abhishek Bachchan in 2007; the couple have one daughter. Her off-screen roles include duties as a brand ambassador for several charity organisations and campaigns. She is a Goodwill Ambassador for the Joint United Nations Programme on AIDS (UNAIDS). In 2003, she was the first Indian actress to be a jury member at the Cannes Film Festival.\nEarly life and modelling career.\nRai was born on 1 November 1973 into a Tuluva Bunt family in Mangaluru, Karnataka. Her father" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Park (residential project) in the world upon completion.\nLocation.\nThe Park is located on the Pandurang Budhkar Marg in Lower Parel. Bandra Kurla Complex and Nariman Point the Mumbai business districts is in close proximity. High Street Phoenix, shopping malls and PVR Cinemas are with in a driving distance.\nProject launch.\nIn September, the real estate company announced that Aishwarya Rai Bachchan is the brand ambassador for this project. It has also been reported that the actress has bought a 4-BHK residence in the project worth more than INR 5" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Philip Seymour Hoffman is an actor." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Philip Seymour Hoffman Philip Seymour Hoffman\nPhilip Seymour Hoffman (July 23, 1967 – February 2, 2014) was an American actor, director, and producer. Best known for his distinctive supporting and character roles–typically lowlifes, eccentrics, bullies, and misfits—Hoffman acted in many films from the early 1990s until his death in 2014.\nDrawn to theater as a teenager, Hoffman studied acting at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts. He began his screen career in a 1991 episode of \"Law & Order" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Savages (film) - Actor of the Year (Philip Seymour Hoffman) -- WON (Also for: \"Before the Devil Knows You're Dead\" and \"Charlie Wilson's War\")\n- Chicago Film Critics Association Awards\n- Best Actress (Laura Linney)\n- Best Screenplay, Original (Tamara Jenkins)\n- 65th Golden Globe Awards\n- Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy (Philip Seymour Hoffman)\n- Gotham Awards\n- Best Ensemble Cast (Philip Bosco, Philip Seymour" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "David Thewlis is not an English author." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "David Thewlis David Thewlis\nDavid Wheeler (born 20 March 1963), known as David Thewlis, is an English actor, director, screenwriter, and author. He first rose to prominence for playing Johnny Fletcher in the film \"Naked\" (1993), for which he won the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actor. His most commercially successful roles to date have been of Remus Lupin in the \"Harry Potter\" film series and Sir Patrick Morgan/Ares in \"Wonder Woman\" (2017). Other notable film appearances" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "March 20 designer\n- 1963 – Yelena Romanova, Russian runner (d. 2007)\n- 1963 – David Thewlis, English-French actor, director, and screenwriter\n- 1964 – Natacha Atlas, Belgian singer-songwriter\n- 1965 – William Dalrymple, Scottish historian and author\n- 1967 – Xavier Beauvois, French actor, director, and screenwriter\n- 1967 – Mookie Blaylock, American basketball player\n- 1968 – Carlos Almeida, Cape Verdean runner\n- 1968 – A. J. Jacobs, American journalist and author\n-" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Arrested Development filmed partially in Marina del Ray." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Arrested Development appears in the show portraying a fictionalized version of himself. Set in Newport Beach, California, \"Arrested Development\" was filmed primarily in Culver City and Marina del Rey.\nThe series received critical acclaim, six Primetime Emmy Awards, and one Golden Globe Award, and attracted a cult following. It has been named one of the greatest TV shows by publications including \"Time,\" \"Entertainment Weekly,\" and IGN. It influenced later single-camera comedy series such as \"30 Rock\" and \"Community\"" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Fisherman's Village best sites for viewing the parade.\n- Boat Brokers: Mason Yacht Sales provides boat brokerage services.\n- The UCLA and LMU rowing teams practice both in nearby Ballona Creek and in the harbor's main channel.\nFisherman's Village in television and film.\n- Scenes involving The Bluth Banana Stand in the television program \"Arrested Development\" were filmed next to the lighthouse in Fisherman's Village. Although set in Newport Beach and Balboa Island, the show was primarily filmed in locations around Culver City and Marina del" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Bangladesh is a place." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Bangladesh Bangladesh\nBangladesh (; ,  \"The country of Bengal\"), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh ( ), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's 8th-most populous country with a population exceeding 162,951,560 people. In area, it is the 92nd-largest country, spanning . It shares land borders with India to the west and Myanmar to the east. It is also one of the most densely-populated countries in the world. Dhaka is its capital and largest city, and" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Religion in Bangladesh forcefully repatriated to Pakistan and those who stayed back were not granted citizenship and voting rights by Bangladesh government.\nWith the growth of Christianity, persecution of Christians is on the rise. Bangladesh moved from place 35 on the World Watch List of Christian persecution in 2015 to place 26 in 2017.\nAtheism.\nAtheism is not common in Bangladesh. According to a 2014 WIN/GIA survey, 5% of respondents from Bangladesh identify as irreligious.\nThere have been multiple attacks and murders of atheist bloggers, academics and" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "The Rev composed the song Afterlife." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Rev , and \"Almost Easy\". He was also the lead vocalist/pianist in Pinkly Smooth, a side project where he was known by the name Rathead, with fellow Avenged Sevenfold member, guitarist Synyster Gates (Brian Elwin Haner Jr.), and he was the drummer for Suburban Legends from 1998 to 1999.\nCareer.\nSullivan was born in Huntington Beach, California, on February 9, 1981, of Irish descent. He received his first pair of drumsticks at the age of five and his own drum set" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Rev The Rev\nJames Owen Sullivan (February 9, 1981 – December 28, 2009), professionally known by his stage name The Rev (shortened version of The Reverend Tholomew Plague), was an American musician, best known as the drummer, songwriter, backing vocalist and founding member of the American heavy metal band Avenged Sevenfold. The Rev was widely regarded and critically acclaimed for his work on Avenged Sevenfold albums, and contributed entire songs composed by himself, such as \"Afterlife\", \"A Little Piece of Heaven\"" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Azerbaijan is a place that is a country." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Azerbaijan Azerbaijan\nAzerbaijan (, ; ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan ( ), is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west and Iran to the south. The exclave of Nakhchivan is bounded by Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and has an long border with Turkey in the northwest." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Tourism in Azerbaijan Tourism in Azerbaijan\nAccording to Azerbaijan's Center for Economic and Social Development, the country is in 39th place among 148 countries in tourism competitiveness indicators. The World Travel and Tourism Council reported that Azerbaijan is among the top ten countries with the greatest increase in visitor exports from 2010 to 2016. The country had the world's fastest-developing travel and tourism economy (a 46.1-percent increase) in 2017. To promote tourism, Azerbaijan sponsored Atlético Madrid jerseys reading \"Azerbaijan – Land of Fire\". In 2018 new tourism brend" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Leonardo DiCaprio has been acting since 2000." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Leonardo DiCaprio Leonardo DiCaprio\nLeonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio (, ; born November 11, 1974) is an American actor, film producer, and environmentalist. His accolades include an Academy Award and three Golden Globe Awards.\nDiCaprio began his career by appearing in television commercials in the late 1980s. He next had recurring roles in various television series, such as the soap opera \"Santa Barbara\" and the sitcom \"Growing Pains\". He debuted in his film career by starring as Josh in \"Critters 3\" (1991). He" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Great Escape (film) , not Tom.\n- Bernstein's \"Great Escape\" theme tune has been taken up by the Pukka Pies England Band, a small brass band who have played in the crowd at England football team matches since 1996. They released an arrangement of the theme as a single for the 1998 FIFA World Cup and a newer version for UEFA Euro 2000.\n- Quentin Tarantino’s \"Once Upon a Time in Hollywood\" (2019) features Leonardo DiCaprio as lead role Rick Dalton in a scene with Dalton almost landing the" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "A Wrinkle in Time is a profitable business." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "A Wrinkle in Time novel offers a glimpse into the battles between light and darkness, and goodness and evil, as the young characters mature into adolescents on their journey. The novel wrestles with questions of spirituality and purpose, as the characters are often thrown into conflicts of love, divinity, and goodness. It is the first book in L'Engle's Time Quintet, which follows the Murrys and Calvin O'Keefe.\nL'Engle modeled the Murry family on her own. Scholar Bernice E. Cullinan noted that L'Engle created characters who \"share common joy with a mixed" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film) Ray, Blu-Ray, and DVD on June 5, 2018.\nReception.\nReception Box office.\n\"A Wrinkle in Time\" grossed $100.5 million in the U.S. and Canada, and $32.2 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $132.7 million. With a combined $250 million spent on production and advertisement, the film needed to gross at least $400 million worldwide to be profitable. Following Disney's Q2 earnings report in May 2018, Yahoo! Finance deduced the film would lose" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Newcastle United F.C.'s most successful period ended in May of 1910." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Newcastle United F.C. First Division titles. The club was relegated in 2009 and 2016, but returned to the Premier League for the 2017–18 season.\nNewcastle has a local rivalry with Sunderland, with whom they have contested the Tyne–Wear derby since 1898. The club's traditional kit colours are black and white striped shirts, black shorts and black socks. Their crest has elements of the city coat of arms, which features two grey seahorses. Before each home game, the team enters the field to \"Local Hero\", and \"" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Mark Taylor (footballer, born 1964) medical teams in the Premier League. Highlights included 4 consecutive top 10 finishes, 2 UEFA Cup campaigns and a League Cup final appearance.\nIt was during Bolton’s most successful period in modern history that Taylor became instrumental in player recruitment with players such as Fernando Hierro, Ivan Campo and Youri Djorkaeff based at the Euxton Lane training ground.\nSports Medicine Newcastle United F.C.\nAfter Allardyce became manager of The Magpies, Taylor was appointed Head of Sports Medicine and Science on Tyneside.\nSports Medicine Fulham F.C..\nBeing reunited with" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Brave is a city." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Brave (2012 film) Brave (2012 film)\nBrave is a 2012 American computer-animated fantasy drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It was directed by Mark Andrews and Brenda Chapman and co-directed by Steve Purcell. The story is by Chapman, with the screenplay by Andrews, Purcell, Chapman and Irene Mecchi. The film was produced by Katherine Sarafian, with John Lasseter, Andrew Stanton, and Pete Docter as executive producers. The film's voice cast features Kelly Macdonald, Billy Connolly, Emma" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Brave 2: Dynasty Brave 2: Dynasty\nBrave 2: Dynasty (also known as Brave 2) was a mixed martial arts event held live by Brave Combat Federation on Friday December 2, 2016 at the Khalifa Sports City in Isa Town, Bahrain. The event was broadcast live online and locally through Bahrain TV, ABS-CBN Sports and Action, and OSN Sports.\nBackground.\nBrave 2: Dynasty was Brave Combat Federation's second card and the second to take place in Bahrain, where the company headquarters is located." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "The Boston Celtics share an arena with an amateur ice hockey team." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Boston Bruins Boston Bruins\nThe Boston Bruins are a professional ice hockey team based in Boston. They are members of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL). The team has been in existence since 1924, and is the league's third-oldest team overall and the oldest in the United States. It is also an Original Six franchise, along with the Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Montreal Canadiens, New York Rangers and Toronto Maple Leafs. The Bruins have won six Stanley Cup championships" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Boston is the home of two major league teams: the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League and the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association. The arena seats 18,624 for basketball games and 17,565 for ice hockey games. The Bruins were the first American member of the National Hockey League and an Original Six franchise. The Boston Celtics were founding members of the Basketball Association of America, one of the two leagues that merged to form the NBA. The Celtics have the distinction of having won more championships than any other NBA team," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "New England is where the Salem witch trials took place." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "New England Massachusetts Bay Colony north of Plymouth Colony. Over the next 126 years, people in the region fought in four French and Indian Wars, until the English colonists and their Iroquois allies defeated the French and their Algonquian allies in America. In 1692, the town of Salem, Massachusetts and surrounding areas experienced the Salem witch trials, one of the most infamous cases of mass hysteria in history.\nIn the late 18th century, political leaders from the New England colonies initiated resistance to Britain's taxes without the consent of the colonists" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Massachusetts first governor, William Phips, the Salem witch trials took place, where a number of men and women were hanged for alleged witchcraft.\nThe most destructive earthquake yet known in New England occurred in 1755, causing considerable damage across Massachusetts.\nHistory The Revolutionary War.\nMassachusetts was a center of the movement for independence from Great Britain; colonists in Massachusetts had long uneasy relations with the British monarchy, including open rebellion under the Dominion of New England in the 1680s. Protests against British attempts to tax the colonies after the" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Kirk Douglas starred in Seven Days in May." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Kirk Douglas 1960). In those two films, he collaborated with the then-relatively-unknown director Stanley Kubrick taking lead roles in both films. Douglas has been praised for helping to break the Hollywood blacklist by having Dalton Trumbo write \"Spartacus\" with an official on-screen credit. He produced and starred in \"Lonely Are the Brave\" (1962), considered a classic, and \"Seven Days in May\" (1964), opposite Burt Lancaster, with whom he made seven films. In 1963, he starred" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Jiggs - Jiggs Whigham (born 1943), American jazz trombonist\nFictional characters:\n- Jiggs, who starred with his wife Maggie in the American comic strip \"Bringing Up Father\" from 1913 to 2000\n- Colonel Martin \"Jiggs\" Casey, in the 1964 film \"Seven Days in May\", played by Kirk Douglas\n- Jillian Jiggs, in children's books by Phoebe Gilman\n- Jiggs, a major character in the 1935 novel \"Pylon\" by William Faulkner\nOther uses:\n- Jiggs (" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Tom Felton was in a movie with another actor." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Tom Felton by J.K. Rowling. His performances in \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\" and \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1\" won him two consecutive MTV Movie Awards for Best Villain in 2010 and 2011.\nFollowing the conclusion of the series in 2011, Felton appeared in the 2011 film \"Rise of the Planet of the Apes\", a reboot of the \"Planet of the Apes\" series. He had roles in the minor films \"From the Rough\" (2011) and \"The" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Armageddon (convention) ), John Stocker (Classic Voice Actor and Director). Cosplay Guests were Monika Lee, Jessica Nigri, Ashlynne Dae, Reagan Kathryn. The TV/Movie Guests were\nJohn Barrowman (Doctor Who, Torchwood, Arrow), Tom Felton (Harry Potter, The Flash), Nathan Fillion (Firefly, Castle), Osric Chau (Supernatural), Ricky Whittle (The 100, American Gods), Erica Cerra (The 100), Holland Roden (Teen Wolf), Pom Klementieff (Guardians of the Galaxy" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Malcolm Young co-founded AC/DC." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Malcolm Young Malcolm Young\nMalcolm Mitchell Young (6 January 1953 – 18 November 2017) was an Australian musician and songwriter, best known as a co-founder, rhythm guitarist, backing vocalist and songwriter for the hard rock band AC/DC. Except for a brief absence in 1988, he was with the band from its November 1973 beginning until retiring in 2014 due to health reasons. Young and the other members of AC/DC were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2003.\nThough his younger brother" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Stevie Young Sydney. Coincidentally, Starfighters was also the name of a Dutch band of AC/DC co-producer Harry Vanda, before his family moved to Australia.\nDuring the late 1970s Young and his brother Fraser occasionally travelled with AC/DC on tour; both were photographed with Angus and Malcolm backstage at Wembley in 1979 during the Highway to Hell Tour.\nDuring the 1988 US tour for AC/DC's album \"Blow Up Your Video\", which started on 3 May 1988, Young filled in for Malcolm on" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Earth lacks biodiversity." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Earth to affect the Earth's atmosphere and surface, leading to the proliferation of anaerobic and, later, aerobic organisms. Some geological evidence indicates that life may have arisen as early as 4.1 billion years ago. Since then, the combination of Earth's distance from the Sun, physical properties and geological history have allowed life to evolve and thrive. In the history of life on Earth, biodiversity has gone through long periods of expansion, occasionally punctuated by mass extinction events. Over 99% of all species that ever lived on" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Conservation biology that there are other measures to consider beyond biodiversity. They point out that emphasizing hotspots downplays the importance of the social and ecological connections to vast areas of the Earth's ecosystems where biomass, not biodiversity, reigns supreme. It is estimated that 36% of the Earth's surface, encompassing 38.9% of the worlds vertebrates, lacks the endemic species to qualify as biodiversity hotspot. Moreover, measures show that maximizing protections for biodiversity does not capture ecosystem services any better than targeting randomly chosen regions. Population level biodiversity (mostly in" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Life Is Peachy was released through at least one record label." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Immortal Records Immortal Records\nImmortal Records is an imprint record label, formerly an independent record label/imprint based in Los Angeles, California. Founded in 1994 by Amanda Scheer Demme and Happy Walters, the company had helped launched the careers of such influential acts as Korn, Thirty Seconds to Mars, and Incubus over the years. The label had also released soundtracks, including \"Judgment Night\", \"Spawn\", \"Blade II\", and \"Masters of Horror\".\nDiscography.\n- Thirty Seconds to Mars" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Life Is Peachy album, \"Life Is Peachy\" was certified double platinum in the United States and 6.5 million copies worldwide. \"Life Is Peachy\" debuted and peaked at number three on the \"Billboard\" 200 and peaked at number one in New Zealand. In its first week of being released, the album sold 106,000 copies. Critical reception for the album was mainly mixed, but the album's songwriting and sound quality was praised.\nBefore the release of \"Life Is Peachy\", Korn toured with many bands. Initially," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Diane Ruggiero is Canadian." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Diane Ruggiero Diane Ruggiero\nDiane Ruggiero-Wright is an American television writer and producer. Her credits include \"That's Life\", \"Veronica Mars\", \"Free Agents\", \"Dirty Sexy Money\", \"Big Shots\", the \"Mythological X\" remake \"The Ex List\" and \"iZombie\", which she co-created with Rob Thomas. With Thomas, she also co-wrote the script for the \"Veronica Mars\" film.\nRuggiero is a native of Old Bridge Township, New Jersey" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Ex List The Ex List\nThe Ex List is an American comedy-drama television series based on the Israeli series \"The Mythological X\" created and written by Sigal Avin. The Americanized version, developed by Diane Ruggiero, premiered on CBS on October 3, 2008. Avin and Ruggiero acted as executive producers with Jonathan Levin, Avi Nir, and Mosh Danon. The series aired on Global in Canada and on Canal Fox on Latin America. The show was short lived due to grim ratings and reviews, and lasted less than a" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Saamy was filmed by Hari." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Saamy Saamy\nSaamy is a 2003 Indian Tamil-language action film written and directed by Hari. The film was presented by K. Balachander and produced by Pushpa Kandasamy under banner Kavithalayaa Productions. The film stars Vikram and Trisha in lead roles and Kota Srinivasa Rao (debut in Tamil cinema) in a negative role. Music was composed by Harris Jayaraj. Upon release, the film was highly successful at the box office. It was remade in Telugu as \"Lakshmi Narasimha\" (2004) starring Nandamuri Balakrishna, in Bengali as \"" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Saamy Square Saamy Square\nSaamy Square, (stylized as Saamy²) is a 2018 Indian Tamil-language action film written and directed by Hari and produced by Shibu Thameens. It stars Vikram in a double role as a father and son, with Aishwarya Rajesh and Keerthy Suresh as the female leads alongside Prabhu, Bobby Simha, and Soori in supporting roles. The film is a sequel to the 2003 film \"Saamy\". The film was released on 21 September 2018 along with its Telugu dubbed version titled \"Saamy\".\nPlot" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Thomas Dam created the Troll dolls on which Trolls is based." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Trolls (film) Trolls (film)\nTrolls is a 2016 American computer-animated musical comedy film based on the Troll dolls created by Thomas Dam. The film was directed by Mike Mitchell and co-directed by Walt Dohrn, written by Jonathan Aibel and Glenn Berger and based on a story by Erica Rivinoja. The film features the voices of Anna Kendrick, Justin Timberlake, Christopher Mintz-Plasse, Zooey Deschanel, Christine Baranski, Russell Brand, James Corden and Gwen Stefani. The film follows two trolls who go on a quest," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Troll doll Troll doll\nA Troll Doll (Danish: \"Gjøltrold\") is a type of plastic doll with furry up-combed hair depicting a troll, also known as a Dam doll after their creator Danish woodcutter Thomas Dam. The toys are also known as good luck trolls, or alternatively gonk trolls in the United Kingdom.\nThe dolls were originally created in 1959 and became one of the United States' biggest toy fads in the early 1960s. They became fads again in brief periods from the 1970s through the 1990s and" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "The Bourne Supremacy deals with the mating of animals." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Bourne Supremacy (film) The Bourne Supremacy (film)\nThe Bourne Supremacy is a 2004 American action thriller film featuring Robert Ludlum's Jason Bourne character. Though it takes the name of the second Bourne novel, its plot is entirely different. The film was directed by Paul Greengrass from a screenplay by Tony Gilroy. Universal Pictures released the film to theaters in the United States on July 23, 2004. It is the second in the \"Jason Bourne\" film series. It is preceded by \"The Bourne Identity\" (2002) and followed" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Bourne Ultimatum (film) of 2007 and went on to win all three of its nominations at the 80th Academy Awards: Best Film Editing, Best Sound Mixing and Best Sound Editing.\nPlot.\nFollowing his pursuit by Kirill (in \"The Bourne Supremacy\"), Jason Bourne (Matt Damon) evades Moscow police while wounded and deals with more flashbacks of when he first joined Operation Treadstone. Six weeks later, CIA Deputy Director Pamela Landy (Joan Allen) divulges the audiotaped confession of Ward Abbott, the late former head of Treadstone," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Gift of the Night Fury stars the voice of an elderly actor." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Gift of the Night Fury film stars the voices of Jay Baruchel, Gerard Butler, Craig Ferguson, America Ferrera, Jonah Hill, T.J. Miller, Kristen Wiig, and Christopher Mintz-Plasse.\nPlot.\nRight before Berk's traditional winter holiday of Snoggletog, all the dragons of Berk unexpectedly depart, leaving everyone distraught - except for Toothless, who cannot fly by himself. Out of compassion, Hiccup builds him a new automatic prosthesis allowing him independent flight, thus gifting him his freedom; he then flies off too.\nThree days" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Bridget Hoffman - \"The Princess and the Frog\" - Additional Voices\n- \"Tangled\" – Additional Voices\n- \"Total Recall\" (2012 film) – Chopper Voice\nFilmography Films Direct-to-video and television films.\n- \"\" – Belldandy (as Ruby Marlowe)\n- \"DreamWorks Dragons: Gift of the Night Fury\" – Female Viking\n- \"\" – Amayo (as Voice Cast)\n- \"Perfect Blue\" – Mima Kirigoe (as Ruby Marlowe)\n- \"Tugger: The Jeep" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Motorola makes digital video recorders." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Motorola Motorola designed and sold wireless network equipment such as cellular transmission base stations and signal amplifiers. Motorola's home and broadcast network products included set-top boxes, digital video recorders, and network equipment used to enable video broadcasting, computer telephony, and high-definition television. Its business and government customers consisted mainly of wireless voice and broadband systems (used to build private networks), and public safety communications systems like Astro and Dimetra. These businesses (except for set-top boxes and cable modems) are now part" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Motorola Mobility v. Apple Inc. Apple also filed counterclaims in the Southern District of Florida, alleging Motorola infringed six Apple patents in manufacturing and selling mobile devices, set-top boxes and digital video recorders.\nAdditionally, in October 2010, Motorola filed a complaint for a declaratory judgment against Apple and NeXT Software, Inc. in the U.S. District Court in Delaware, seeking a ruling that Motorola did not infringe any claim of twelve patents owned by Apple and NeXT. In response, in early December 2010, Apple asserted these twelve patents against Motorola, Inc. and" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Jane Lynch is a zoologist." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Jane Lynch Jane Lynch\nJane Marie Lynch (born July 14, 1960) is an American actress, voice actress, author, singer and comedian. She is best known for her role as Sue Sylvester in the musical television series \"Glee\". She also gained fame in Christopher Guest's improv mockumentary pictures such as \"Best in Show\".\nA native of Dolton, Illinois, Lynch's television cameos include an appearance in the Nickelodeon situation comedy \"iCarly\" and the Showtime dark comedy series \"Weeds\". Lynch had" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Enrique Lynch Arribálzaga Enrique Lynch Arribálzaga\nEnrique Lynch Arribálzaga (26 August 1856 - 28 June 1935) was an Argentinian zoologist, political activist, administrator, and writer. Along with his brother Felix Benito Lynch (died 1894), he contributed to the knowledge of the insects of Argentina which he documented in the first Argentinian journal of natural history \"El naturalista argentino\" which they founded along with Eduardo Ladislao Holmberg in 1878.\nEnrique was born in a family with roots to Spanish colonialists. His father Felix F. Lynch was against the government" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Lymelife's writers are Derick and Steve Martini." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Lymelife Lymelife\nLymelife is a 2008 American comedy-drama film written by brothers Derick Martini and Steven Martini, and directed by Derick Martini, depicting aspects of their life in 1970s Long Island from the perspective of a teenager. The film stars Alec Baldwin, Rory Culkin, and Emma Roberts. Martin Scorsese served as an executive producer. The film debuted at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival, in September 2008 and won the International Federation of Film Critics Award (FIPRESCI). After its theatrical release in 2009, writer director Derick" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Bellingham, Washington annual Chuckanut Writers Conference, run by Whatcom Community College and Village Books, a local bookstore. Clover, A Literary Rag, a publication of the Independent Writers' Studio, has produced 9 volumes since 2010. The city is home to writers including Steve Martini and George Dyson. Bellingham Public Library provides free library services at the Central Library, Barkley Branch and Fairhaven Branch.\nLocal culture Local theater.\nBellingham's theater culture is boosted by the performing arts department at Western Washington University. There are several theaters and productions in" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "War of the Worlds is based on a novel." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "War of the Worlds (2005 film) War of the Worlds (2005 film)\nWar of the Worlds is a 2005 American science-fiction action film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Josh Friedman and David Koepp, loosely based on the 1898 novel of the same title by H. G. Wells and jointly produced and released by Paramount Pictures and DreamWorks Pictures. It stars Tom Cruise, Dakota Fanning, Justin Chatwin, Miranda Otto, and Tim Robbins, with narration by Morgan Freeman. In the film, an American dock worker is forced to look after his children" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Jeff Wayne's The War of the Worlds (1998 video game) Jeff Wayne's The War of the Worlds (1998 video game)\nJeff Wayne's The War of the Worlds is a real-time strategy video game developed by Rage Software Limited and released for Windows-based PCs in 1998. It is based on \"Jeff Wayne's Musical Version of The War of the Worlds\" — which is itself based on H. G. Wells' novel \"The War of the Worlds\".\nIn 1999, another game of the same name was released for the Sony PlayStation. The 1999" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Ethiopia has around 500 ethnolinguistic groups." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Ethiopia Somali and Tigrayans. Most people in the country speak Afroasiatic languages of the Cushitic or Semitic branches. Additionally, Omotic languages are spoken by ethnic minority groups inhabiting the southern regions. Nilo-Saharan languages are also spoken by the nation's Nilotic ethnic minorities. Oromo is the most populous language by native speakers, while Amharic is the most populous by number of total speakers and serves as the working language in the federal government. Ge'ez remains important as a liturgical language, both for the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Ethiopia mainly the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and P'ent'ay) and the historical Kingdom of Aksum was one of the first states to officially adopt the religion, whereas around a third follows Islam (primarily Sunni). The country is the site of the Migration to Abyssinia and the oldest Muslim settlement in Africa at Negash. A substantial population of Ethiopian Jews, known as Bete Israel, also resided in Ethiopia until the 1980s. Ethiopia is a multilingual nation with around 80 ethnolinguistic groups, the four largest of which are the Oromo, Amhara," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Nikolaj Coster-Waldau refused to ever work with the Fox Broadcasting Company." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Nikolaj Coster-Waldau role was in the war film \"Black Hawk Down\" (2001), playing Medal of Honor recipient Gary Gordon. He then played Detective John Amsterdam in the short-lived Fox television series \"New Amsterdam\" (2008), as well as appearing as Frank Pike in the 2009 Fox television film \"Virtuality\", originally intended as a pilot. He became widely known for his role as Jaime Lannister in the HBO fantasy series \"Game of Thrones\", for which he received Primetime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Supporting" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "The Other Woman (2014 film) produced the film. The film was released on April 25, 2014, in the United States, and distributed worldwide by 20th Century Fox. \nPlot.\nCarly Whitten (Cameron Diaz), a New York attorney, has started a relationship with Mark King (Nikolaj Coster-Waldau), a man she's been having sex with for eight weeks. Carly, planning to introduce Mark to her father, Frank (Don Johnson), is upset that Mark has to go out of town on account of a flood" ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia claim for retrieving relevant documents;", "Syria includes Greeks." ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Syria Syria\nSyria (), officially the Syrian Arab Republic (), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon to the southwest, the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest. A country of fertile plains, high mountains, and deserts, Syria is home to diverse ethnic and religious groups, including Syrian Arabs, Greeks, Armenians, Assyrians, Kurds, Circassians, Mandeans and Turkemens. Religious groups include Sunnis," ]

[ "Represent the Wikipedia document for retrieval;", "Christianity in the 15th century Eastern Orthodoxy Antioch.\nThe Church of Antioch was moved to Damascus in response to the Ottoman invasion of Antioch. Its traditional territory includes Syria, Lebanon, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait and parts of Turkey. The remainder of the Church of Antioch, primarily local Greeks or Hellenized sections of the indigenous population, remained in communion with Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, and Jerusalem\nWestern Christianity.\nWestern Christianity Western Schism.\nIn 1409, a council was convened at Pisa to resolve the issue. The council declared both existing popes" ]