nopperl/pmc-image-text · Datasets at Hugging Face

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0.4404	5482d4a8c95c43ac92024f97c94e503f	PTPN11 expression positively correlated with surface area effect size. (A) Whole-brain, (B) lobe-wise, and(C) temporal lobe-specific correlation analyses between PTPN11 expression and surface area effect size, which quantifies group differences in surface area between the PTPN11 and TD groups. Individual dots represent cortical regions and dot colors denote which lobe the region is part of. Regression lines between surface area effect size and PTPN11 expression (log2 intensity) for the whole brain (A: black, B: blue (frontal lobe), yellow (occipital lobe), gray (parietal lobe), red (temporal lobe), and C: red (temporal lobe)). Shaded areas in (A) represent 95% confidence intervals.	PMC9980214	nihpp-rs2580911v1-f0005.jpg
0.3895	9cc1f205c29041f0b18fa63983e376cd	Geopolitical zones in Nigeria.21	PMC9980359	bmjopen-2021-050164f01.jpg
0.453341	8af351514816438cb1dbdf8ce43de86c	Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis flow diagram of the study selection process.	PMC9980359	bmjopen-2021-050164f02.jpg
0.41512	a1dedb5c6bc844578017de6a4a1ef7c3	Pooled prevalence of HIV infection in pregnant women.	PMC9980359	bmjopen-2021-050164f03.jpg
0.38573	91695eac7f464eaca394b510ae2dd1ea	Pooled prevalence of HIV infection with respect to geopolitical zones.	PMC9980359	bmjopen-2021-050164f04.jpg
0.396445	4029b9eb8dae4608a04324e027866c7c	Pooled prevalence of HIV infection with respect to sampling methods.	PMC9980359	bmjopen-2021-050164f05.jpg
0.423797	15cc795d8ce64882afcb8cc6c627df63	Pooled prevalence of HIV infection with respect to study sample size.	PMC9980359	bmjopen-2021-050164f06.jpg
0.37786	ad555deef2534adcbaa6353dcfbd7970	Pooled prevalence of HIV infection with respect to study quality.	PMC9980359	bmjopen-2021-050164f07.jpg
0.509217	e96d181c391c4d4c866b1935f20b356b	Mean serum MT-3724 concentration versus time plot with dose overlaid for cycle 1 (linear). Nominal time is relative to the start of infusion; predose concentrations were collected for the 50, 75, and 100 μg/kg dose groups, were all 0, and are not displayed in this figure. aHour 5, n = 8; hour 6, n = 7.	PMC9981212	crc-22-0056_fig1.jpg
0.459804	9c39f7c6631f457297f8cdc359977ee2	Overlay of mean CD19+ percent change from baseline versus time by actual dose.	PMC9981212	crc-22-0056_fig2.jpg
0.410163	ec0ff17336b949d1bc44c7a8a5d90738	Waterfall plot of largest percentage change in SPD by patients with DLBCL or mixed FL/DLBCL histology and treatment group (FAS). aSPD, 303.9%. bSPD, 201.4%. cSPD, 182.5%. Dotted line indicated −50% change in SPD, meeting requirement for PR. D, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; F, follicular lymphoma; FAS, full analysis set; M, mantle cell lymphoma; PR, partial response; SPD, sum of product diameters.	PMC9981212	crc-22-0056_fig3.jpg
0.459808	e4f9ddb2d7544efe8dade4d23219cd17	Swimmer plot with ADA/Nab status. ADA, antidrug antibody; CMR, complete metabolic response; D, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; F, follicular lymphoma; M, mantle cell lymphoma; Nab, neutralizing antibody; RTX, rituximab; SD, stable disease.	PMC9981212	crc-22-0056_fig4.jpg
0.432075	8fc5f02c3dd94c4cabc1adc690f5b421	A proposed process map for a cardiology or cardiac surgery department. HR/ER, human resources/economic resources; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension.	PMC9981242	gr1_lrg.jpg
0.489262	e69d2ce2e91c4a56a390138365531bfc	Location of the study area. (A) Location of the study area; (B) Study area soil sample plot setup; (C) Dynamic of precipitation and maximum wind speed in the study area during the fencing period.	PMC9982111	fpls-14-1091446-g001.jpg
0.40375	416898b2dc6344fe801c32afbffd7e06	Dynamic changes of plant diversity in different fencing years. Different letters represent significant difference between different ages.	PMC9982111	fpls-14-1091446-g002.jpg
0.453228	4e0af12d79d24fe39834193377070067	Dynamic of soil water content in different fencing periods (A) early, (B) middle and (C) late.	PMC9982111	fpls-14-1091446-g003.jpg
0.473495	a139f60b508b420c9e6f02557074050f	Dynamic changes of soil nutrients in different years. Different letters represent significant difference between different ages.	PMC9982111	fpls-14-1091446-g004.jpg
0.450459	2b9c3ae1a01e489cbbca7946616fbde5	RDA constrained ordination analysis diagram of soil environmental factors, meteorological factors and plant community. AK, soil fast-acting potassium; AN, soil fast-acting nitrogen; AP, soil effective phosphorus; SOM, soil organic matter; DSW, deep Soil water content; SSW, shallow soil water content; pH, pH; D, density; h, height; H, Shannon-Wiener index; E, Pielou index; Ma, Margalef index; T, average growing season temperature; W, maximum growing season wind speed; P, growing season precipitation.	PMC9982111	fpls-14-1091446-g005.jpg
0.400461	5cafb684421a4085b7262098ce3a25eb	Correlation of biological indexes between shrub layer and herb layer. S height represent the shrub height; S density represent the shrub density; P height represent the perennial herb height; P density represent the perennial density; A height represent the annual herb height; A density represent the annual herb density. p < 0.05; p < 0.01; **p < 0.001.	PMC9982111	fpls-14-1091446-g006.jpg
0.457322	1918f2a210764ca88cfb462eed063b58	Relationship between community richness diversity and community density. H community, H shrub, and H herb represent the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of community, shrub layer, and herb layer; Ma community, Ma shrub, and Ma herb represent the Margalef richness index of community, shrub layer, and herb layer; D community, D shrub, and D herb represent the density of community, shrub layer, and herb layer. P < 0.05, P < 0.01, **P < 0.001.	PMC9982111	fpls-14-1091446-g007.jpg
0.477586	7dff7d1d0a6e44d4b5289c2315e889df	The conceptual framework of changes in desert vegetation diversity after fencing.	PMC9982111	fpls-14-1091446-g008.jpg
0.446611	11a06b2c747446908aa2e0d2924e24cb	Study schema. *For participants withdrawing from satralizumab treatment, i.e. those discontinuing early or not continuing with treatment outside of the study. †Optional CSF at Week 24. CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NMOSD, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder; OCT, optical coherence tomography; PRO, patient-reported outcome; RTX, rituximab; s.c., subcutaneous.	PMC9982113	fneur-14-1114667-g0001.jpg
0.519934	d95ccf91223948e08cdf205e17e1916d	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis rating scale revised (PRISMA) flow diagram.	PMC9982645	gr1.jpg
0.476608	5e99e1ec7b6247339a06642e75c07239	Effect of exercise on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis rating scale revised (ALSFRS-R) scores across 7 studies (treatment n = 139, control n = 208).	PMC9982645	gr2.jpg
0.45773	a805f20bc36e43868490d718fa8218da	Funnel plot demonstrating potential publication bias (fail safe N = 11 studies).	PMC9982645	gr3.jpg
0.423568	9eff8ae2670649da808193c21c465a13	Effect of exercise on functional independence measure (FIM) scores across 2 studies (treatment n = 31, control n = 27).	PMC9982645	gr4.jpg
0.441437	b8d0452d515a48a7a2dad266e35bc485	Effect of exercise on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis rating scale revised ALSFRS-R subscale scores.	PMC9982645	gr5.jpg
0.447039	9ceb47a75e56420283ec9e88488dabff	Effect of exercise on fatigue severity scale (FSS) scores.	PMC9982645	gr6.jpg
0.423666	2015776b961b45cf92d7bb06baefbc59	Effect of exercise on McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire scores.	PMC9982645	gr7.jpg
0.462229	412f2822223845a58baa020e96429fa7	Effect of exercise on maximum expiratory pressure (MEP).	PMC9982645	gr8.jpg
0.425456	381ebede8aaf4459b839bc398529ee15	Effect of exercise on swallowing safety (penetration-aspiration scale scores).	PMC9982645	gr9.jpg
0.419211	243ab43ebbe441fe9ea54101991eae71	Mean Developmental Growth Estimates for SB5, FICA Pro, and DCCS ProGraphs represent approximate mean trajectories of developmental growth based on each test's latent change score model. The approximate mean change is plotted by using the group-specific intercept at age 10 years, adding the group-specific change score per 2 years (centered at 10, 16, and 22 years) and adding the regression outcome of age on change scores. Shaded bands represent 95% CIs for the change score around each plotted level (every 2 years). SB5 change sensitive scores (CSSs) are a component of SB5 scoring and allow for precise measurement and raw comparison over time (i.e., without age adjustment). The CSSs are based on a centering constant of 500, which indicates the mean performance of a 10-year-old in the general population (i.e., a mental age equivalent of 10 years).22 The y-axis shows mental age equivalents corresponding with CSSs (years-months). The FICA prorated score represents correct items per second in the fish portion. The DCCS prorated score represents correct items per second in the mixed shape and color test portion. DCCS = Dimensional Change Card Sort; FICA = Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention; MAE = mental age equivalent; SB5 = Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition.	PMC9984222	WNL-2022-201383f1.jpg
0.427577	7723943ab1994282a884503e1dae1082	Mean Developmental Growth Estimates for NIHTB-CB USSsGraphs represent approximate mean trajectories of developmental growth based on each test's latent change score model. The approximate mean change is plotted by using the group-specific intercept at age 10 years, adding the group-specific change score per 2 years (centered at 10, 16, and 22 years) and adding the regression outcome of age on change scores. Shaded bands represent 95% CIs for the change score around each plotted level (every 2 years). The uncorrected standard scores (USSs) provided by the NIHTB-CB have a mean of 100 and SD of 15 in the normative sample; the USSs are not age adjusted and thus allow for clear longitudinal comparison (i.e., without age adjustment).19 NIHTB-CB = NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery.	PMC9984222	WNL-2022-201383f2.jpg
0.40872	8a952b38a966435e8d8550357a24c938	Open comedones and acneiform scars on the supralabial, mentum and preauricular regions after treatment.	PMC9984717	gr1.jpg
0.454001	fde37225ab91473b81dc97071d779e04	(A–B) Infiltrated erythematous plaques, containing open comedones, on the malar, mandibular and cervical regions.	PMC9984717	gr2.jpg
0.424505	92f6e5a05dfe4c6f9421d63a2241f107	Erythematous and hyperchromic plaque with comedones on the paranasal, malar, supraorbital (A) and auricular (B) regions.	PMC9984717	gr3.jpg
0.528225	4ec5f92b11704abb9fcf3ea38f44f62d	Open and closed comedones over active discoid lupus erythematosus plaques; (A) Distribution of plaques on the face; (B) Detail of the lesion.	PMC9984717	gr4.jpg
0.390999	8d2bf45813e34890bc18b0b603befb16	(A) Histological section showing hyperkeratosis, epidermal thinning, liquefaction degeneration of the basal layer and large follicular plug; in the dermis, superficial and deep periadnexal and perivascular mononuclear infiltrate (Hematoxylin & eosin, ×40). (B) Detail of the follicular plug obstructing a dilated hair follicle. Note the liquefaction degeneration of the follicular wall and adjacent epidermis (Hematoxylin & eosin, ×100).	PMC9984717	gr5.jpg
0.430098	f768c355ea744117bbd3e4589cfabb61	(A) Comedones and depressed scar over erythematous plaque on the mentum. (B) Preauricular discoid lupus erythematosus plaque and open comedones on the auricular region.	PMC9984717	gr6.jpg
0.447138	b1a0f58d659c469d80766e14f94e4294	The locations of all study sites in the map of China∗. ∗The percentage of urban population in China was 64.7%, and the per capita disposable income was 47,412 RMB for urban residents and 18,931 for rural in 2021. Data in this graph was collected from official governmental reports and websites (in Chinese, more details are given in appendix 2). ∗∗The study site in Zhejiang Province participated in the qualitative interviews but not the quantitative surveys. All other sites completed both quantitative and qualitative research.	PMC9985050	gr1.jpg
0.439512	3db092bb99a748ceb976078f5631cd32	The triangulation of quantitative and qualitative research components for joint-display of findings.	PMC9985050	gr2.jpg
0.4637	1a10d61c7c854c7794ffc7d1c28abcad	Scatter plots showing the correlation between the different international normalized ratio (INR) assays. (A) Point-of-care testing (POCT)-INR vs Owren-INR, (B) POCT-INR vs Quick-INR, and (C) Owren-INR vs Quick-INR. Dashed line represents 45° line through origin. Regression line with 95% CI is shown in blue.	PMC9986099	gr1.jpg
0.541577	593b76dd2ead42958378367b30f71ef2	Bland–Altman plots showing the agreement between different international normalized ratio (INR) assays. Absolute differences (A–C) and relative differences (D–F) between INR assays were plotted on the y-axis and average INR of 2 methods on the x-axis. Horizontal line represents median, dotted line represents limits of agreement (calculated as 2.5th and 97.5th percentile), dashed line represents agreement limits as determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute [27].	PMC9986099	gr2.jpg
0.47835	529ed4ab2e4842c8aa03955f208708d7	An example of EM images.	PMC9986282	fmicb-14-1084312-g0001.jpg
0.430347	96e95fc8bf014412b10157858b871d99	An example of EM images in EMDS-7 (The red boxes are labeled EM objects).	PMC9986282	fmicb-14-1084312-g0002.jpg
0.49109	e91dc4dac61d43399f267a1e100094c0	Each category of EM object detection prediction AP value in EMDS-7.	PMC9986282	fmicb-14-1084312-g0003.jpg
0.372161	c62d9c8e77c1407e8e52d7b5942ede1c	Five object detection model prediction results in EMDS-7 (the microorganisms predicted by the five models are marked with five color boxes respectively. YOLOv3, white; YOLOv4, yellow; SSD, blue; RetinaNet, red; Fast RCNN, gray).	PMC9986282	fmicb-14-1084312-g0004.jpg
0.468852	5143469d28254ecb9e73ea2493b29e19	Mast cell (MC) interactions within the transplant during tolerance. FcϵRI activity is inhibited by TGF-β, IL-10 and OX40 ligation. Tregs also inhibit degranulation by lowering intracellular Ca2+ levels through increased cAMP. IL-10 suppresses alloreactivity within CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and promote anergy and regulatory functions of CD4+ T cells. IL-10 mediated inhibition of fibroblasts also inhibit subsequent formation of myofibroblasts. IL-10 with co-stimulation of IL-4 decrease MC proliferation, while IL-9 increases proliferation. GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IL, interleukin; MCP6, mat cell protease 6; SCF, stem cell factor; tDC, tolerogenic dendritic cell; TGF-β, tissue growth factor beta; TNF-α, tissue necrotic factor alpha; Tr1, regulatory T cell type 1 (induced); Treg, regulatory T cell (natural); Blue lines symbolize activating pathways, red lines inhibitory pathways, gray lines symbolize subsequent events. Lighting icons are used in the most profound activation patterns, which are inhibited in tolerogenic environments.	PMC9986315	fimmu-14-1122409-g001.jpg
0.436916	aa4e04f6b65c43a79a41b45084ec880c	Mast cell (MC) interactions within the graft during rejection. Pathways can include both cytokines (like TNF-α) and membrane bound interaction (like MHC I-TLR interaction). MC-T cell interaction through OX40L-OX40 cross-linking inhibits MC degranulation, represented by the inhibitory pathway towards degranulation. Innate immune cells can also result in tissue injury, which is not shown in this model. Interaction between APCs, T cells and B cells, resulting in antigen production is also not shown in this model. The model shows almost no inhibitory pathways, explaining the progressive state of fibrosis within KTx even when immunosuppressive drugs are taken. Detailed description of the model can be found within the text. ANG, angiotensin; C3a/C5a, complement component; ECM, extracellular matrix; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition; FGF-2; fibroblast growth factor-2; Ig, immunoglobulin; IL, interleukin; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; MMPs, matrix metalloproteinase; SCF, stem cell factor; tDC, tolerogenic dendritic cell; TGF-β, tissue growth factor beta; Th cell, T helper cell; TIMP-2, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2; TNF-α, tissue necrotic factor alpha; Treg, regulatory T cell (natural); VEGF, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Blue lines symbolize activating pathways, red lines inhibitory pathways, yellow lines represent pre-formed mediators within MCs. Grey lines represent subsequent events. Lighting icons are used in the most profound activation patterns.	PMC9986315	fimmu-14-1122409-g002.jpg
0.449105	3157e2dbb98640abaef363dcab99ddcd	Weekly number of SARI hospitalizations and influenza season (in blue), 2012–2018, metropolitan France	PMC9987108	12879_2023_8078_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.371486	81fcc74f7a8a44cb8bd0104df0c9a86b	Distribution of estimated influenza-attributable SARI per diagnostic category, age group (A) and influenza epidemics (B), 2012–2018, metropolitan France	PMC9987108	12879_2023_8078_Fig2_HTML.jpg
0.546283	7a3454dfcfc7483bb306997e13e76fa2	Receiver–operator characteristic (ROC) curves and corresponding area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the deep learning model for the detection of attic retraction pocket	PMC9988777	405_2022_7632_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.474479	8bb532ed9f1643db82f9bff1d6d3c553	Class activation maps of the deep learning model for the detection attic retraction pocket. Class activation maps of the identification of attic retraction pockets. The red-colored area represents the discriminative region in the otoscopic images, whereas the blue-colored area represents the non-specific region in the otoscopic images. A Normal pars flaccida. B–D Attic retraction pocket	PMC9988777	405_2022_7632_Fig2_HTML.jpg
0.541921	92a39603e27843de9669b79856bad82b	Receiver–operator characteristic (ROC) curves and corresponding area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the deep learning model for the detection of atelectasis	PMC9988777	405_2022_7632_Fig3_HTML.jpg
0.465592	75581e1cf01d46d091cc8d29aa83535b	Class activation maps of the deep learning model for the detection of atelectasis. Class activation maps of the deep learning model for the detection of atelectasis. The red-colored area represents the discriminative region in the otoscopic images, whereas the blue-colored area represents a non-specific region in the otoscopic images. A Normal pars tensa. B–D Atelectasis and attic retraction pocket	PMC9988777	405_2022_7632_Fig4_HTML.jpg
0.483949	0bd64faba4d840ddb7d10fbc233b28ab	The trends of dog bite injury hospitalizations (DBIH) from 2012 to 2021 across both sexes. In particular, females showed an increase in the rates of DBIH over the 10 years examined.	PMC9988904	fvets-10-1104477-g0001.jpg
0.426677	a459b895c8f748a6b97f703f1a151d5d	Evaluation of trends indicates an increase in young (20–39 years) and middle-aged adults (40–59 years).	PMC9988904	fvets-10-1104477-g0002.jpg
0.505183	647ef8c2f3104b9ab39d1c908a07ecc5	PRISMA Flow Diagram for systematic review article selection.	PMC9989224	10.1177_00034894221088180-fig1.jpg
0.465011	13efc294a54e4a52bb005c863561e94b	Study design. A Individual-level genotype data from ABCD subjects was used to impute C4 structural alleles using a multi-ancestry reference panel (Kamitaki et al., [18]). C4A and C4B brain GREx was calculated using previously described weights (Sekar et al., [11]). B Generalized linear models were used to test for the associations between C4A GREx with psychotic-like experiences (PLE) in ABCD youth. Associations were examined in the whole multi-ancestry cohort, as well as within ancestry- and sex-specific subgroups. C We performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) to assess the associations between C4A GREx and a host of developmental, cognitive, and behavioral phenotypes (the “Methods” section). D Linear mixed-effects models tested the association between predicted C4A GREx and neuroimaging measures of cortical thickness, surface area, and volume	PMC9990244	13059_2023_2878_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.4146	c3d951d6db09405585d3f23474c27560	Phenome-wide association between C4A GREx and cognitive, behavioral phenotypes in the ABCD cohort. A The relationship between C4A GREx and 145 phenotypes was tested in the multi-ancestry cohort (N’s per phenotype ~ 6000). Increased genetically regulated expression of C4A was associated with lower scores on the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (Lynam, [27]) lack of premeditation/planning subscale (FDR-corrected P = 0.004). Phenotypes are grouped into broad categories by color. Negative or positive associations with C4A GREx are indicated by the direction of arrows. The FDR-based threshold for phenome-wide significance is indicated by the red dashed line. B Association (absolute 𝛽 ± standard error) between C4A GREx and each of the three psychosis variables investigated (binary case/control, PQ-B number PQ-B severity) in the multi-ancestry cohort (i.e., “ALL” youth [as in top panel]), as well as within each ancestry and sex separately. See Additional file 1: Table S3 for the regression model summary statistics. The results by ancestry and sex are shown in Additional file 2: Figs. S3-S8	PMC9990244	13059_2023_2878_Fig2_HTML.jpg
0.581798	5550caf3a0814545a56beb5a31ba2ee6	C4A GREx is associated with entorhinal cortex surface area and predicts longitudinal psychosis symptoms. A Linear regression analyses were performed in the multi-ancestry cohort to test the association between C4A GREx and regional brain structure (N’s with brain imaging data passing quality control ~ 6500). Brain regions demonstrating a nominally significant association between C4A GREx and surface area (mm2) are shown in color (P < 0.05); only the association with the entorhinal cortex survived FDR correction. The results for all brain regions are provided in Additional File 1: Tables S6-S9. B Female and male youths showed a significant effect of C4A GREx on reduced entorhinal cortex surface area. C Replication of the relationship between C4A GREx and entorhinal cortex (EC) surface area in 8357 adult females and 7790 adult males of European ancestry from the UK Biobank. D Youths falling in the top and bottom quartiles in terms of baseline entorhinal surface area were identified. E Smaller entorhinal cortex surface area (bottom quartile) at baseline predicted greater number and severity of psychosis-like experiences at the 1- and 2-year follow-up time points. The mean number and severity of PLEs are shown inside each bar plot. ~P = 0.05, P < 0.05, P < 0.01, **P < 0.001	PMC9990244	13059_2023_2878_Fig3_HTML.jpg
0.399557	12f774fc342c4dd0bb5464a21f821e8b	Interactions between C4A GREx and polygenic risk for schizophrenia. The interaction between C4A GREx and schizophrenia PRS was not a significant predictor of entorhinal cortex surface area in 9–10-year-old youth of European ancestry (N = 3349); higher C4A GREx was associated with smaller entorhinal cortex surface area across all levels of PRS	PMC9990244	13059_2023_2878_Fig4_HTML.jpg
0.430047	02406b217ac04f0da15acd1b6a07820c	Model for the effects of C4A brain expression on childhood brain structure. The effects of increased C4A GREx on reduced entorhinal cortex volume in childhood are dissociated from the effects of genome-wide polygenic risk for schizophrenia. Reduced entorhinal cortex surface area in childhood is associated with higher rates of youth-reported psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in early adolescence, as well as greater severity of events. Note: Image under “psychotic-like experiences” taken from the Prodromal Questionnaire Brief Version (PQ-B) to assess the severity of distress associated with psychotic-like events	PMC9990244	13059_2023_2878_Fig5_HTML.jpg
0.42673	7d250f4f7c634093b1f5947f785f16f3	Continuous-flow left ventricular assist device (CF-LVAD) was implanted for fulminant cardiomyopathy (a, chest X-ray). A large aneurysm was incidentally found at the C2 portion of the left internal carotid artery, 13 mm in its size, and had a bilobular shape (b, CTA). The aneurysm was projected medially and situated at the sellar region (c, CTA). CTA: Computed tomography angiography, LVAD: Left ventricular assist device.	PMC9990801	SNI-14-34-g001.jpg
0.401827	14728a13dcbd466287423c67d660ccb5	The aneurysm was confirmed by cerebral angiography (a and b). A 3.4-F TACTICS (Technocrat Corporation, Aichi, Japan) and Headway-17 (TERUMO, Tokyo, Japan) were coaxially inserted, and the microcatheter was placed inside the aneurysm (c; black arrowhead, balloon catheter; white arrowhead, the tip of microcatheter). Shouryu SR 4*10 (Kaneka, Osaka, Japan) was used as a balloonremodeling technique (d; black arrowhead, balloon catheter). Eighteen coils were inserted (e). The contrast of aneurysm has almost disappeared on injection (body filling: f).	PMC9990801	SNI-14-34-g002.jpg
0.436536	e724c9b0ea1b4a1cb4e2353bdb79b1dd	The coil was followed by an X-ray. The image soon after the embolization (a) and a year after the procedure (b) are demonstrated. The coil mass showed minimal conformational change.	PMC9990801	SNI-14-34-g003.jpg
0.404958	e0efdc66d8bf44f5997a4f378747672a	Study flow chart.	PMC9991033	2359-4292-aem-66-01-0050-gf01.jpg
0.434153	91040c47c12a4ccaa6f489c31d76486c	Flowchart of iFS performance for each Bethesda Category and the final histopathological diagnosis.	PMC9991033	2359-4292-aem-66-01-0050-gf02.jpg
0.4083	a2d22f00e365428e9aaf3bee4cf3ed19	(a) Linear graph showing n division of labour when cooperators are chosen in all groups. The payoff of a cooperator in the ith group is xi−1 − xi. (b) Linear graph showing n division of labour when cooperators are chosen before the ith group and then a defector is chosen in the ith group. Once a defector is chosen, the whole system is broken. As a result, all players suffer −g.	PMC9993041	rsos220856f01.jpg
0.400933	6f14742abeea45d1823a53256da51855	Initial frequency dependency in (a) the defector sanction system and (b) the first role sanction system with n = 10 when the cooperation cost decreases downstream. The horizontal axis is for ρf in (a) and for f in (b). The vertical is for the initial frequency of cooperators in group i, ic(0), when i is an integer between 1 and 10. Blue dots shows when the dynamics evolves into all cooperation and red dots shows when the dynamics evolves into the first group defection equilibrium. The parameters are: g = 48, x1 = 50, ρ = 0.001 and xi−1 − xi = 5 for all is. (A) in (a) means ρf < x1 − g = 2; (B), x1 − g = 2 < ρf < x1 − c1g = 50; (C), x1 = 50 < ρf. (D) in (b) presents f < x1 − g = 2; (E), x1 − g = 2 < f and g > x2.	PMC9993041	rsos220856f02.jpg
0.420886	12c1e6cac73d4cdcae63eaa8fec4f752	Dynamics of the system with n = 10 when cooperation cost decreases downstream in the defector sanction system with ρf = 51. Even when the initial frequency of cooperators are rare, the evolution of cooperation happens if ρf > x1. The parameters are: ic(0) = 0.001, g = 48, ρ = 0.001, x1 = 50 and xi−1 − xi = 5 (for all is).	PMC9993041	rsos220856f03.jpg
0.390157	28afe85db8b1429e82097d04153a43f4	Initial frequency dependency in the defector sanction system in (a), (b) and (c), and in (d) the first role sanction system with n = 10 when the cooperation cost increases downstream. The horizontal axis is for ρf in (a), (b) and (c), and for f in (d). The vertical axis is for ic(0) when i ∈ {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}. The parameters are: g = 3, x1 = 5 and ρ = 0.001 for (a), (b) and (d). In (a) and (d) xi − xi−1 = 5 for all is. In (b) xi − xi−1 = 1 for all is. In (c) g = 8, x1 = 10, ρ = 0.001, and xi − xi−1 = 0.5. Blue dots show when the dynamics evolves into all cooperation and red dots shows when the dynamics evolves into the first group defection equilibrium. The yellow dots show when the dynamics evolves into a cooperation–defection mixed equilibrium. The number (j) outside each yellow dot shows all players in the group j are first defectors in the cooperation–defection mixed equilibrium. As xj−1 < ρf < xj is the condition for the cooperation–defection mixed equilibrium to be stable where j is the first defector. The green dots with the letter ‘L’ show when the dynamics evolves into the last group defection equilibrium. (A) in (a) means ρf < x1 = 5; (B), xj − 1 < ρf < xj − cjg; (C), xn-1< ρf < xn − g; (D), xn − g = 47 < ρf. (E) in (b) means ρf < x1 = 5; (F), xj − 1 < ρf < xj − cjg; (G), xn − g < ρf < xn − 1 − cn− 1g; (H), xn − g < xn− 1 − cn− 1g < ρf. (I) in (c) means ρf < xn − g < x1 − c1g; (J), xn − g < ρf < x1 − c1g; (K), xn − g < xj − 1 < ρf < xj − cjg; (L), xn − g < xn − 1 − cn − 1g < ρf.	PMC9993041	rsos220856f04a.jpg
0.464357	7f253cc12b974f47b77bffcaf7988555	Time evolution in the defector sanction system with n = 10 when cooperation cost increases downstream. The horizontal axis is for time and the vertical one is for the frequency of cooperators in each group. ρf = 24, ic(0) = 0.5 shows the dynamics evolving into the cooperation–defection mixed equilibrium where all players are cooperators until the group 4 and all are defectors in the group 5 as x4 < ρf < x5. The parameters are: g = 3, x1 = 5, ρ = 0.001 and xi − xi−1 = 5 for all is.	PMC9993041	rsos220856f05.jpg
0.486321	6f7183856ca24410a3367feb43fb3894	Time evolution with the costs of the cooperation given uniform randomly in the defector sanction system. In (a), n = 10, g = 3, ρf = 9, [x1, x2, …, x10] = [14, 20, 17, 20, 13, 6, 5, 19, 4, 9]. In (b,c), n = 10, g = 3, ρf = 10, [x1, x2, …, x10] = [4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 12, 10, 9, 7, 10]. The initial condition for (a) is ic = 0.5, and (b) is ic = 0.6 for all the groups, and that for (c) is 6c = 0.1 and ic = 0.6 for other groups.	PMC9993041	rsos220856f06.jpg
0.464342	10ca54c301344ce1ab09efd48079b023	Allocation of the benefit among the players as an application of our model to government planning and spending. The net benefit of a player in group i is equal to the amount that the player keeps. This figure shows when all players in all groups are cooperators.	PMC9993041	rsos220856f07.jpg
0.480172	3b6ac9b67d664e46b47fc33fd3cb39e7	Captive bubble method.	PMC9993463	d2ra08165b-f1.jpg
0.436383	51ceebcbf4024460839629b39e6f9c68	The Young equation.	PMC9993463	d2ra08165b-f2.jpg
0.445673	6b5c02706555423e822b0f56d2ae7aca	Plot of calculated surface tension components (γ+: open circles, γ−: filled circles) versus number density of anhydroglucose unit in cellulose esters with different carbon number in substituent.	PMC9993463	d2ra08165b-f3.jpg
0.460478	4ae9548e76f14dbab629f657070b7e9b	Calculated interaction energies between foulants ((i) HSA, (ii) PEG, (iii) BSA, (iv) HA) and cellulose esters with different carbon number in substituent in water (ΔG132).	PMC9993463	d2ra08165b-f4.jpg
0.437429	b2f02d878a91490fafa77c3344cb2f66	Calculated interfacial interaction energies (ΔG132) between foulants ((i) HSA, (ii) PEG, (iii) BSA, and (iv) HA) and cellulose esters with long substituent (CTL and CLTODs), as well as PES and CTA for reference.	PMC9993463	d2ra08165b-f5.jpg
0.470799	7bec1b7c00b24f41ae7c560416ebe88d	Comparison of affect across PEI modality by stakeholder group.	PMC9993717	nihms-1879283-f0001.jpg
0.454702	08d31405c36642d682168932806678ec	Comparison of Perceived A) Invasiveness, B) Influence on Self, C) Risk, and D) Benefit across PEI modality by stakeholder group.	PMC9993717	nihms-1879283-f0002.jpg
0.461273	7dba577e413f4412b8899b1cfc12df32	Impact of MDT and ORT on admission at ICU or nursing ward after CAWR35. surgeryMDT Multidisciplinary Team, ORT Operation Room Team, CAWR complex abdominal wall reconstruction	PMC9994771	10029_2023_2762_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.454992	560a06b567e545e4acfc828f2e60511b	ROC Curves on justified ICU admission after CAWR	PMC9994771	10029_2023_2762_Fig2_HTML.jpg
0.374808	84727f3912544d97a9fad19b0fc1ba8f	Rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) in rheumatoid arthritis patients across different geographic regions in Egypt. LE lower Egypt, C and S Canal and Sinai, UE Upper Egypt. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests	PMC9995404	296_2022_5258_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.458136	7c04888d051f453999f22829b74d3409	The age at onset, gender distribution, disease activity, rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide positivity as well as the main medications received by rheumatoid arthritis patients from the four main regions across Egypt. Lower Egypt (North coast and Delta); ALX: Alexandria, BH: Beheira, KS: Kafr El Sheikh, DM: Damietta, GB: Gharbia, DK: Dakahlia, SK: Sharkia, MNF: Menoufiya, KB: Kalyoubia. Canal cities and Sinai; PS: Port-Said, IS: Ismailia, SZ: Suez. Upper Egypt; FM: Fayoum, BS: Beni-Suef, MN: Minia, AST: Assuit, SO: Sohag, QN: Qena, LX: Luxor, ASW: Aswan. HCQ: hydroxychloroquine, MTX: methotrexate, LFN: leflunomide	PMC9995404	296_2022_5258_Fig2_HTML.jpg
0.421738	5f6d26275f6440a3a08dd381cc61d34b	CLT is made from gluing together layers of selected solid-sawn lumber; thus, the effect of timber defects (knots, grain deviation, shakes, etc.) is highly reduced. Very large structural member (up to 24 × 4.8 × 0.5 m) can be fabricated in CLT	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig10_HTML.jpg
0.405018	1b0f62359e5347c79a1dcee44c85a12e	The use of CLT panels for shear reinforcement of walls: a detail of the wall section; b the “outdoor” wall face reinforced with steel cords embedded in the mortar joins, to preserve the fair face aspect of the masonry; c the “indoor” wall face with the CLT panel screwed to the masonry (Borri et al. 2020)	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig11_HTML.jpg
0.416198	eafff0e4e07441b8a6f25c81cad95d4b	Combined shear and bending reinforcement of old timber floors: CLT panels are applied over the timber joists using inclined self-tapping screws (Roensmaens et al. 2018)	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig12_HTML.jpg
0.453543	18977c99860e41b1975dfdb8a7be11cd	The method used in Valluzzi et al. (2021) for shear reinforcement of masonry	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig13_HTML.jpg
0.459695	3a9d51bfe632410b93b5ee4ec97774dd	Examples of “invasive” and incorrect seismic interventions: a the addition of a reinforced concrete ring beam; b the application of a thick, heavy, and stiff coating of reinforced concrete; c the replacement of the timber-beam floor with a RC one	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.440893	fded025d3dd242debe139470e747f661	Examples of “invasive” interventions aimed at reducing carbon emissions: the insulation coating covers the historic brickwork masonry and its architectural decorations	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig2_HTML.jpg
0.389882	2790da735cd343eea8891a937fcd107b	Different types of composite nets and textiles, used in FRCM (a, d, e, f) and CRM (b, c)	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig3_HTML.jpg
0.426675	8d60f864a25d42ba9aa0c6217a9922d7	Installation method of FRCM system: a and b the grid is embedded using a gauging or tiger trowel; c the grid is typically made by interlacing two sets of yarns—the weft and the warp	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig4_HTML.jpg
0.419097	76169e72262d472c908f31136d4e873b	FRCM reinforcement using lightweight mortar mixes: to increase the thermal resistance of the wall, the thickness of the coating needs to be enlarged (typically 100 mm). The weight density of the mortar, used for the coating, can be reduced up to 800 kg/m3 without significantly affecting the strengthening effect of the FRCM (Borri et al. 2016)	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig5_HTML.jpg
0.440373	8404338a2fc64fb5901a130532765014	Natural fiber cloths: a flax, b bamboo, c basalt, d hemp	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig6_HTML.jpg
0.432162	4aaf6a1f49f3491b84b8ff4fc1b6af74	Bending test results of low-quality timber beams (dimensions 200 × 200 × 4000 mm) reinforced with natural fibers: S2-1 and S2-2 unreinforced; S2-3, S2-7, and S2-8, flax fiber reinforcement; S2-4, S2-5, and S2-6 basalt fiber reinforcement	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig7_HTML.jpg
0.46464	2e5894362b694cd5aca3e4194aee7c47	Reinforcement of timber beams with bamboo fibers: aesthetics impact is very low	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig8_HTML.jpg
0.470153	1dea9bc326ee495a8ea3ae254756f31f	The grid of hemp fibers: this was embedded into a 15-mm lime (pozzolanic) coating (Menna et al. 2015)	PMC9995406	11356_2021_17490_Fig9_HTML.jpg
0.482847	d91401136bf345648d6a602618de5826	a The chromatographic pattern of 40–80% ammonium sulfate fraction of tick larvae crude extract on GSH-Sepharose column (8 × 1.4 cm) previously equilibrated and washed with 0.02 M Na-phosphate buffer pH 7.0. b The chromatography of tick larvae TLGST on Sephacryl S-300 column (142 cm × 2.4 cm) formerly equilibrated with 0.02 M Na-phosphate buffer pH 7.0	PMC9995618	43141_2023_486_Fig1_HTML.jpg

0.4404

5482d4a8c95c43ac92024f97c94e503f

PTPN11 expression positively correlated with surface area effect size. (A) Whole-brain, (B) lobe-wise, and(C) temporal lobe-specific correlation analyses between PTPN11 expression and surface area effect size, which quantifies group differences in surface area between the PTPN11 and TD groups. Individual dots represent cortical regions and dot colors denote which lobe the region is part of. Regression lines between surface area effect size and PTPN11 expression (log2 intensity) for the whole brain (A: black, B: blue (frontal lobe), yellow (occipital lobe), gray (parietal lobe), red (temporal lobe), and C: red (temporal lobe)). Shaded areas in (A) represent 95% confidence intervals.

PMC9980214

nihpp-rs2580911v1-f0005.jpg

0.3895

9cc1f205c29041f0b18fa63983e376cd

Geopolitical zones in Nigeria.21

PMC9980359

bmjopen-2021-050164f01.jpg

0.453341

8af351514816438cb1dbdf8ce43de86c

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis flow diagram of the study selection process.

PMC9980359

bmjopen-2021-050164f02.jpg

0.41512

a1dedb5c6bc844578017de6a4a1ef7c3

Pooled prevalence of HIV infection in pregnant women.

PMC9980359

bmjopen-2021-050164f03.jpg

0.38573

91695eac7f464eaca394b510ae2dd1ea

Pooled prevalence of HIV infection with respect to geopolitical zones.

PMC9980359

bmjopen-2021-050164f04.jpg

0.396445

4029b9eb8dae4608a04324e027866c7c

Pooled prevalence of HIV infection with respect to sampling methods.

PMC9980359

bmjopen-2021-050164f05.jpg

0.423797

15cc795d8ce64882afcb8cc6c627df63

Pooled prevalence of HIV infection with respect to study sample size.

PMC9980359

bmjopen-2021-050164f06.jpg

0.37786

ad555deef2534adcbaa6353dcfbd7970

Pooled prevalence of HIV infection with respect to study quality.

PMC9980359

bmjopen-2021-050164f07.jpg

0.509217

e96d181c391c4d4c866b1935f20b356b

Mean serum MT-3724 concentration versus time plot with dose overlaid for cycle 1 (linear). Nominal time is relative to the start of infusion; predose concentrations were collected for the 50, 75, and 100 μg/kg dose groups, were all 0, and are not displayed in this figure. aHour 5, n = 8; hour 6, n = 7.

PMC9981212

crc-22-0056_fig1.jpg

0.459804

9c39f7c6631f457297f8cdc359977ee2

Overlay of mean CD19+ percent change from baseline versus time by actual dose.

PMC9981212

crc-22-0056_fig2.jpg

0.410163

ec0ff17336b949d1bc44c7a8a5d90738

Waterfall plot of largest percentage change in SPD by patients with DLBCL or mixed FL/DLBCL histology and treatment group (FAS). aSPD, 303.9%. bSPD, 201.4%. cSPD, 182.5%. Dotted line indicated −50% change in SPD, meeting requirement for PR. D, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; F, follicular lymphoma; FAS, full analysis set; M, mantle cell lymphoma; PR, partial response; SPD, sum of product diameters.

PMC9981212

crc-22-0056_fig3.jpg

0.459808

e4f9ddb2d7544efe8dade4d23219cd17

Swimmer plot with ADA/Nab status. ADA, antidrug antibody; CMR, complete metabolic response; D, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; F, follicular lymphoma; M, mantle cell lymphoma; Nab, neutralizing antibody; RTX, rituximab; SD, stable disease.

PMC9981212

crc-22-0056_fig4.jpg

0.432075

8fc5f02c3dd94c4cabc1adc690f5b421

A proposed process map for a cardiology or cardiac surgery department. HR/ER, human resources/economic resources; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension.

PMC9981242

gr1_lrg.jpg

0.489262

e69d2ce2e91c4a56a390138365531bfc

Location of the study area. (A) Location of the study area; (B) Study area soil sample plot setup; (C) Dynamic of precipitation and maximum wind speed in the study area during the fencing period.

PMC9982111

fpls-14-1091446-g001.jpg

0.40375

416898b2dc6344fe801c32afbffd7e06

Dynamic changes of plant diversity in different fencing years. Different letters represent significant difference between different ages.

PMC9982111

fpls-14-1091446-g002.jpg

0.453228

4e0af12d79d24fe39834193377070067

Dynamic of soil water content in different fencing periods (A) early, (B) middle and (C) late.

PMC9982111

fpls-14-1091446-g003.jpg

0.473495

a139f60b508b420c9e6f02557074050f

Dynamic changes of soil nutrients in different years. Different letters represent significant difference between different ages.

PMC9982111

fpls-14-1091446-g004.jpg

0.450459

2b9c3ae1a01e489cbbca7946616fbde5

RDA constrained ordination analysis diagram of soil environmental factors, meteorological factors and plant community. AK, soil fast-acting potassium; AN, soil fast-acting nitrogen; AP, soil effective phosphorus; SOM, soil organic matter; DSW, deep Soil water content; SSW, shallow soil water content; pH, pH; D, density; h, height; H, Shannon-Wiener index; E, Pielou index; Ma, Margalef index; T, average growing season temperature; W, maximum growing season wind speed; P, growing season precipitation.

PMC9982111

fpls-14-1091446-g005.jpg

0.400461

5cafb684421a4085b7262098ce3a25eb

Correlation of biological indexes between shrub layer and herb layer. S height represent the shrub height; S density represent the shrub density; P height represent the perennial herb height; P density represent the perennial density; A height represent the annual herb height; A density represent the annual herb density. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.

PMC9982111

fpls-14-1091446-g006.jpg

0.457322

1918f2a210764ca88cfb462eed063b58

Relationship between community richness diversity and community density. H community, H shrub, and H herb represent the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of community, shrub layer, and herb layer; Ma community, Ma shrub, and Ma herb represent the Margalef richness index of community, shrub layer, and herb layer; D community, D shrub, and D herb represent the density of community, shrub layer, and herb layer. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.

PMC9982111

fpls-14-1091446-g007.jpg

0.477586

7dff7d1d0a6e44d4b5289c2315e889df

The conceptual framework of changes in desert vegetation diversity after fencing.

PMC9982111

fpls-14-1091446-g008.jpg

0.446611

11a06b2c747446908aa2e0d2924e24cb

Study schema. *For participants withdrawing from satralizumab treatment, i.e. those discontinuing early or not continuing with treatment outside of the study. †Optional CSF at Week 24. CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NMOSD, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder; OCT, optical coherence tomography; PRO, patient-reported outcome; RTX, rituximab; s.c., subcutaneous.

PMC9982113

fneur-14-1114667-g0001.jpg

0.519934

d95ccf91223948e08cdf205e17e1916d

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis rating scale revised (PRISMA) flow diagram.

PMC9982645

gr1.jpg

0.476608

5e99e1ec7b6247339a06642e75c07239

Effect of exercise on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis rating scale revised (ALSFRS-R) scores across 7 studies (treatment n = 139, control n = 208).

PMC9982645

gr2.jpg

0.45773

a805f20bc36e43868490d718fa8218da

Funnel plot demonstrating potential publication bias (fail safe N = 11 studies).

PMC9982645

gr3.jpg

0.423568

9eff8ae2670649da808193c21c465a13

Effect of exercise on functional independence measure (FIM) scores across 2 studies (treatment n = 31, control n = 27).

PMC9982645

gr4.jpg

0.441437

b8d0452d515a48a7a2dad266e35bc485

Effect of exercise on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis rating scale revised ALSFRS-R subscale scores.

PMC9982645

gr5.jpg

0.447039

9ceb47a75e56420283ec9e88488dabff

Effect of exercise on fatigue severity scale (FSS) scores.

PMC9982645

gr6.jpg

0.423666

2015776b961b45cf92d7bb06baefbc59

Effect of exercise on McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire scores.

PMC9982645

gr7.jpg

0.462229

412f2822223845a58baa020e96429fa7

Effect of exercise on maximum expiratory pressure (MEP).

PMC9982645

gr8.jpg

0.425456

381ebede8aaf4459b839bc398529ee15

Effect of exercise on swallowing safety (penetration-aspiration scale scores).

PMC9982645

gr9.jpg

0.419211

243ab43ebbe441fe9ea54101991eae71

Mean Developmental Growth Estimates for SB5, FICA Pro, and DCCS ProGraphs represent approximate mean trajectories of developmental growth based on each test's latent change score model. The approximate mean change is plotted by using the group-specific intercept at age 10 years, adding the group-specific change score per 2 years (centered at 10, 16, and 22 years) and adding the regression outcome of age on change scores. Shaded bands represent 95% CIs for the change score around each plotted level (every 2 years). SB5 change sensitive scores (CSSs) are a component of SB5 scoring and allow for precise measurement and raw comparison over time (i.e., without age adjustment). The CSSs are based on a centering constant of 500, which indicates the mean performance of a 10-year-old in the general population (i.e., a mental age equivalent of 10 years).22 The y-axis shows mental age equivalents corresponding with CSSs (years-months). The FICA prorated score represents correct items per second in the fish portion. The DCCS prorated score represents correct items per second in the mixed shape and color test portion. DCCS = Dimensional Change Card Sort; FICA = Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention; MAE = mental age equivalent; SB5 = Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition.

PMC9984222

WNL-2022-201383f1.jpg

0.427577

7723943ab1994282a884503e1dae1082

Mean Developmental Growth Estimates for NIHTB-CB USSsGraphs represent approximate mean trajectories of developmental growth based on each test's latent change score model. The approximate mean change is plotted by using the group-specific intercept at age 10 years, adding the group-specific change score per 2 years (centered at 10, 16, and 22 years) and adding the regression outcome of age on change scores. Shaded bands represent 95% CIs for the change score around each plotted level (every 2 years). The uncorrected standard scores (USSs) provided by the NIHTB-CB have a mean of 100 and SD of 15 in the normative sample; the USSs are not age adjusted and thus allow for clear longitudinal comparison (i.e., without age adjustment).19 NIHTB-CB = NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery.

PMC9984222

WNL-2022-201383f2.jpg

0.40872

8a952b38a966435e8d8550357a24c938

Open comedones and acneiform scars on the supralabial, mentum and preauricular regions after treatment.

PMC9984717

gr1.jpg

0.454001

fde37225ab91473b81dc97071d779e04

(A–B) Infiltrated erythematous plaques, containing open comedones, on the malar, mandibular and cervical regions.

PMC9984717

gr2.jpg

0.424505

92f6e5a05dfe4c6f9421d63a2241f107

Erythematous and hyperchromic plaque with comedones on the paranasal, malar, supraorbital (A) and auricular (B) regions.

PMC9984717

gr3.jpg

0.528225

4ec5f92b11704abb9fcf3ea38f44f62d

Open and closed comedones over active discoid lupus erythematosus plaques; (A) Distribution of plaques on the face; (B) Detail of the lesion.

PMC9984717

gr4.jpg

0.390999

8d2bf45813e34890bc18b0b603befb16

(A) Histological section showing hyperkeratosis, epidermal thinning, liquefaction degeneration of the basal layer and large follicular plug; in the dermis, superficial and deep periadnexal and perivascular mononuclear infiltrate (Hematoxylin & eosin, ×40). (B) Detail of the follicular plug obstructing a dilated hair follicle. Note the liquefaction degeneration of the follicular wall and adjacent epidermis (Hematoxylin & eosin, ×100).

PMC9984717

gr5.jpg

0.430098

f768c355ea744117bbd3e4589cfabb61

(A) Comedones and depressed scar over erythematous plaque on the mentum. (B) Preauricular discoid lupus erythematosus plaque and open comedones on the auricular region.

PMC9984717

gr6.jpg

0.447138

b1a0f58d659c469d80766e14f94e4294

The locations of all study sites in the map of China∗. ∗The percentage of urban population in China was 64.7%, and the per capita disposable income was 47,412 RMB for urban residents and 18,931 for rural in 2021. Data in this graph was collected from official governmental reports and websites (in Chinese, more details are given in appendix 2). ∗∗The study site in Zhejiang Province participated in the qualitative interviews but not the quantitative surveys. All other sites completed both quantitative and qualitative research.

PMC9985050

gr1.jpg

0.439512

3db092bb99a748ceb976078f5631cd32

The triangulation of quantitative and qualitative research components for joint-display of findings.

PMC9985050

gr2.jpg

0.4637

1a10d61c7c854c7794ffc7d1c28abcad

Scatter plots showing the correlation between the different international normalized ratio (INR) assays. (A) Point-of-care testing (POCT)-INR vs Owren-INR, (B) POCT-INR vs Quick-INR, and (C) Owren-INR vs Quick-INR. Dashed line represents 45° line through origin. Regression line with 95% CI is shown in blue.

PMC9986099

gr1.jpg

0.541577

593b76dd2ead42958378367b30f71ef2

Bland–Altman plots showing the agreement between different international normalized ratio (INR) assays. Absolute differences (A–C) and relative differences (D–F) between INR assays were plotted on the y-axis and average INR of 2 methods on the x-axis. Horizontal line represents median, dotted line represents limits of agreement (calculated as 2.5th and 97.5th percentile), dashed line represents agreement limits as determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute [27].

PMC9986099

gr2.jpg

0.47835

529ed4ab2e4842c8aa03955f208708d7

An example of EM images.

PMC9986282

fmicb-14-1084312-g0001.jpg

0.430347

96e95fc8bf014412b10157858b871d99

An example of EM images in EMDS-7 (The red boxes are labeled EM objects).

PMC9986282

fmicb-14-1084312-g0002.jpg

0.49109

e91dc4dac61d43399f267a1e100094c0

Each category of EM object detection prediction AP value in EMDS-7.

PMC9986282

fmicb-14-1084312-g0003.jpg

0.372161

c62d9c8e77c1407e8e52d7b5942ede1c

Five object detection model prediction results in EMDS-7 (the microorganisms predicted by the five models are marked with five color boxes respectively. YOLOv3, white; YOLOv4, yellow; SSD, blue; RetinaNet, red; Fast RCNN, gray).

PMC9986282

fmicb-14-1084312-g0004.jpg

0.468852

5143469d28254ecb9e73ea2493b29e19

Mast cell (MC) interactions within the transplant during tolerance. FcϵRI activity is inhibited by TGF-β, IL-10 and OX40 ligation. Tregs also inhibit degranulation by lowering intracellular Ca2+ levels through increased cAMP. IL-10 suppresses alloreactivity within CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and promote anergy and regulatory functions of CD4+ T cells. IL-10 mediated inhibition of fibroblasts also inhibit subsequent formation of myofibroblasts. IL-10 with co-stimulation of IL-4 decrease MC proliferation, while IL-9 increases proliferation. GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IL, interleukin; MCP6, mat cell protease 6; SCF, stem cell factor; tDC, tolerogenic dendritic cell; TGF-β, tissue growth factor beta; TNF-α, tissue necrotic factor alpha; Tr1, regulatory T cell type 1 (induced); Treg, regulatory T cell (natural); Blue lines symbolize activating pathways, red lines inhibitory pathways, gray lines symbolize subsequent events. Lighting icons are used in the most profound activation patterns, which are inhibited in tolerogenic environments.

PMC9986315

fimmu-14-1122409-g001.jpg

0.436916

aa4e04f6b65c43a79a41b45084ec880c

Mast cell (MC) interactions within the graft during rejection. Pathways can include both cytokines (like TNF-α) and membrane bound interaction (like MHC I-TLR interaction). MC-T cell interaction through OX40L-OX40 cross-linking inhibits MC degranulation, represented by the inhibitory pathway towards degranulation. Innate immune cells can also result in tissue injury, which is not shown in this model. Interaction between APCs, T cells and B cells, resulting in antigen production is also not shown in this model. The model shows almost no inhibitory pathways, explaining the progressive state of fibrosis within KTx even when immunosuppressive drugs are taken. Detailed description of the model can be found within the text. ANG, angiotensin; C3a/C5a, complement component; ECM, extracellular matrix; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition; FGF-2; fibroblast growth factor-2; Ig, immunoglobulin; IL, interleukin; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; MMPs, matrix metalloproteinase; SCF, stem cell factor; tDC, tolerogenic dendritic cell; TGF-β, tissue growth factor beta; Th cell, T helper cell; TIMP-2, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2; TNF-α, tissue necrotic factor alpha; Treg, regulatory T cell (natural); VEGF, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Blue lines symbolize activating pathways, red lines inhibitory pathways, yellow lines represent pre-formed mediators within MCs. Grey lines represent subsequent events. Lighting icons are used in the most profound activation patterns.

PMC9986315

fimmu-14-1122409-g002.jpg

0.449105

3157e2dbb98640abaef363dcab99ddcd

Weekly number of SARI hospitalizations and influenza season (in blue), 2012–2018, metropolitan France

PMC9987108

12879_2023_8078_Fig1_HTML.jpg

0.371486

81fcc74f7a8a44cb8bd0104df0c9a86b

Distribution of estimated influenza-attributable SARI per diagnostic category, age group (A) and influenza epidemics (B), 2012–2018, metropolitan France

PMC9987108

12879_2023_8078_Fig2_HTML.jpg

0.546283

7a3454dfcfc7483bb306997e13e76fa2

Receiver–operator characteristic (ROC) curves and corresponding area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the deep learning model for the detection of attic retraction pocket

PMC9988777

405_2022_7632_Fig1_HTML.jpg

0.474479

8bb532ed9f1643db82f9bff1d6d3c553

Class activation maps of the deep learning model for the detection attic retraction pocket. Class activation maps of the identification of attic retraction pockets. The red-colored area represents the discriminative region in the otoscopic images, whereas the blue-colored area represents the non-specific region in the otoscopic images. A Normal pars flaccida. B–D Attic retraction pocket

PMC9988777

405_2022_7632_Fig2_HTML.jpg

0.541921

92a39603e27843de9669b79856bad82b

Receiver–operator characteristic (ROC) curves and corresponding area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the deep learning model for the detection of atelectasis

PMC9988777

405_2022_7632_Fig3_HTML.jpg

0.465592

75581e1cf01d46d091cc8d29aa83535b

Class activation maps of the deep learning model for the detection of atelectasis. Class activation maps of the deep learning model for the detection of atelectasis. The red-colored area represents the discriminative region in the otoscopic images, whereas the blue-colored area represents a non-specific region in the otoscopic images. A Normal pars tensa. B–D Atelectasis and attic retraction pocket

PMC9988777

405_2022_7632_Fig4_HTML.jpg

0.483949

0bd64faba4d840ddb7d10fbc233b28ab

The trends of dog bite injury hospitalizations (DBIH) from 2012 to 2021 across both sexes. In particular, females showed an increase in the rates of DBIH over the 10 years examined.

PMC9988904

fvets-10-1104477-g0001.jpg

0.426677

a459b895c8f748a6b97f703f1a151d5d

Evaluation of trends indicates an increase in young (20–39 years) and middle-aged adults (40–59 years).

PMC9988904

fvets-10-1104477-g0002.jpg

0.505183

647ef8c2f3104b9ab39d1c908a07ecc5

PRISMA Flow Diagram for systematic review article selection.

PMC9989224

10.1177_00034894221088180-fig1.jpg

0.465011

13efc294a54e4a52bb005c863561e94b

Study design. A Individual-level genotype data from ABCD subjects was used to impute C4 structural alleles using a multi-ancestry reference panel (Kamitaki et al., [18]). C4A and C4B brain GREx was calculated using previously described weights (Sekar et al., [11]). B Generalized linear models were used to test for the associations between C4A GREx with psychotic-like experiences (PLE) in ABCD youth. Associations were examined in the whole multi-ancestry cohort, as well as within ancestry- and sex-specific subgroups. C We performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) to assess the associations between C4A GREx and a host of developmental, cognitive, and behavioral phenotypes (the “Methods” section). D Linear mixed-effects models tested the association between predicted C4A GREx and neuroimaging measures of cortical thickness, surface area, and volume

PMC9990244

13059_2023_2878_Fig1_HTML.jpg

0.4146

c3d951d6db09405585d3f23474c27560

Phenome-wide association between C4A GREx and cognitive, behavioral phenotypes in the ABCD cohort. A The relationship between C4A GREx and 145 phenotypes was tested in the multi-ancestry cohort (N’s per phenotype ~ 6000). Increased genetically regulated expression of C4A was associated with lower scores on the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (Lynam, [27]) lack of premeditation/planning subscale (FDR-corrected P = 0.004). Phenotypes are grouped into broad categories by color. Negative or positive associations with C4A GREx are indicated by the direction of arrows. The FDR-based threshold for phenome-wide significance is indicated by the red dashed line. B Association (absolute 𝛽 ± standard error) between C4A GREx and each of the three psychosis variables investigated (binary case/control, PQ-B number PQ-B severity) in the multi-ancestry cohort (i.e., “ALL” youth [as in top panel]), as well as within each ancestry and sex separately. See Additional file 1: Table S3 for the regression model summary statistics. The results by ancestry and sex are shown in Additional file 2: Figs. S3-S8

PMC9990244

13059_2023_2878_Fig2_HTML.jpg

0.581798

5550caf3a0814545a56beb5a31ba2ee6

C4A GREx is associated with entorhinal cortex surface area and predicts longitudinal psychosis symptoms. A Linear regression analyses were performed in the multi-ancestry cohort to test the association between C4A GREx and regional brain structure (N’s with brain imaging data passing quality control ~ 6500). Brain regions demonstrating a nominally significant association between C4A GREx and surface area (mm2) are shown in color (P < 0.05); only the association with the entorhinal cortex survived FDR correction. The results for all brain regions are provided in Additional File 1: Tables S6-S9. B Female and male youths showed a significant effect of C4A GREx on reduced entorhinal cortex surface area. C Replication of the relationship between C4A GREx and entorhinal cortex (EC) surface area in 8357 adult females and 7790 adult males of European ancestry from the UK Biobank. D Youths falling in the top and bottom quartiles in terms of baseline entorhinal surface area were identified. E Smaller entorhinal cortex surface area (bottom quartile) at baseline predicted greater number and severity of psychosis-like experiences at the 1- and 2-year follow-up time points. The mean number and severity of PLEs are shown inside each bar plot. ~P = 0.05, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001

PMC9990244

13059_2023_2878_Fig3_HTML.jpg

0.399557

12f774fc342c4dd0bb5464a21f821e8b

Interactions between C4A GREx and polygenic risk for schizophrenia. The interaction between C4A GREx and schizophrenia PRS was not a significant predictor of entorhinal cortex surface area in 9–10-year-old youth of European ancestry (N = 3349); higher C4A GREx was associated with smaller entorhinal cortex surface area across all levels of PRS

PMC9990244

13059_2023_2878_Fig4_HTML.jpg

0.430047

02406b217ac04f0da15acd1b6a07820c

Model for the effects of C4A brain expression on childhood brain structure. The effects of increased C4A GREx on reduced entorhinal cortex volume in childhood are dissociated from the effects of genome-wide polygenic risk for schizophrenia. Reduced entorhinal cortex surface area in childhood is associated with higher rates of youth-reported psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in early adolescence, as well as greater severity of events. Note: Image under “psychotic-like experiences” taken from the Prodromal Questionnaire Brief Version (PQ-B) to assess the severity of distress associated with psychotic-like events

PMC9990244

13059_2023_2878_Fig5_HTML.jpg

0.42673

7d250f4f7c634093b1f5947f785f16f3

Continuous-flow left ventricular assist device (CF-LVAD) was implanted for fulminant cardiomyopathy (a, chest X-ray). A large aneurysm was incidentally found at the C2 portion of the left internal carotid artery, 13 mm in its size, and had a bilobular shape (b, CTA). The aneurysm was projected medially and situated at the sellar region (c, CTA). CTA: Computed tomography angiography, LVAD: Left ventricular assist device.

PMC9990801

SNI-14-34-g001.jpg

0.401827

14728a13dcbd466287423c67d660ccb5

The aneurysm was confirmed by cerebral angiography (a and b). A 3.4-F TACTICS (Technocrat Corporation, Aichi, Japan) and Headway-17 (TERUMO, Tokyo, Japan) were coaxially inserted, and the microcatheter was placed inside the aneurysm (c; black arrowhead, balloon catheter; white arrowhead, the tip of microcatheter). Shouryu SR 4*10 (Kaneka, Osaka, Japan) was used as a balloonremodeling technique (d; black arrowhead, balloon catheter). Eighteen coils were inserted (e). The contrast of aneurysm has almost disappeared on injection (body filling: f).

PMC9990801

SNI-14-34-g002.jpg

0.436536

e724c9b0ea1b4a1cb4e2353bdb79b1dd

The coil was followed by an X-ray. The image soon after the embolization (a) and a year after the procedure (b) are demonstrated. The coil mass showed minimal conformational change.

PMC9990801

SNI-14-34-g003.jpg

0.404958

e0efdc66d8bf44f5997a4f378747672a

Study flow chart.

PMC9991033

2359-4292-aem-66-01-0050-gf01.jpg

0.434153

91040c47c12a4ccaa6f489c31d76486c

Flowchart of iFS performance for each Bethesda Category and the final histopathological diagnosis.

PMC9991033

2359-4292-aem-66-01-0050-gf02.jpg

0.4083

a2d22f00e365428e9aaf3bee4cf3ed19

(a) Linear graph showing n division of labour when cooperators are chosen in all groups. The payoff of a cooperator in the ith group is xi−1 − xi. (b) Linear graph showing n division of labour when cooperators are chosen before the ith group and then a defector is chosen in the ith group. Once a defector is chosen, the whole system is broken. As a result, all players suffer −g.

PMC9993041

rsos220856f01.jpg

0.400933

6f14742abeea45d1823a53256da51855

Initial frequency dependency in (a) the defector sanction system and (b) the first role sanction system with n = 10 when the cooperation cost decreases downstream. The horizontal axis is for ρf in (a) and for f in (b). The vertical is for the initial frequency of cooperators in group i, ic(0), when i is an integer between 1 and 10. Blue dots shows when the dynamics evolves into all cooperation and red dots shows when the dynamics evolves into the first group defection equilibrium. The parameters are: g = 48, x1 = 50, ρ = 0.001 and xi−1 − xi = 5 for all is. (A) in (a) means ρf < x1 − g = 2; (B), x1 − g = 2 < ρf < x1 − c1g = 50; (C), x1 = 50 < ρf. (D) in (b) presents f < x1 − g = 2; (E), x1 − g = 2 < f and g > x2.

PMC9993041

rsos220856f02.jpg

0.420886

12c1e6cac73d4cdcae63eaa8fec4f752

Dynamics of the system with n = 10 when cooperation cost decreases downstream in the defector sanction system with ρf = 51. Even when the initial frequency of cooperators are rare, the evolution of cooperation happens if ρf > x1. The parameters are: ic(0) = 0.001, g = 48, ρ = 0.001, x1 = 50 and xi−1 − xi = 5 (for all is).

PMC9993041

rsos220856f03.jpg

0.390157

28afe85db8b1429e82097d04153a43f4

Initial frequency dependency in the defector sanction system in (a), (b) and (c), and in (d) the first role sanction system with n = 10 when the cooperation cost increases downstream. The horizontal axis is for ρf in (a), (b) and (c), and for f in (d). The vertical axis is for ic(0) when i ∈ {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}. The parameters are: g = 3, x1 = 5 and ρ = 0.001 for (a), (b) and (d). In (a) and (d) xi − xi−1 = 5 for all is. In (b) xi − xi−1 = 1 for all is. In (c) g = 8, x1 = 10, ρ = 0.001, and xi − xi−1 = 0.5. Blue dots show when the dynamics evolves into all cooperation and red dots shows when the dynamics evolves into the first group defection equilibrium. The yellow dots show when the dynamics evolves into a cooperation–defection mixed equilibrium. The number (j) outside each yellow dot shows all players in the group j are first defectors in the cooperation–defection mixed equilibrium. As xj−1 < ρf < xj is the condition for the cooperation–defection mixed equilibrium to be stable where j is the first defector. The green dots with the letter ‘L’ show when the dynamics evolves into the last group defection equilibrium. (A) in (a) means ρf < x1 = 5; (B), xj − 1 < ρf < xj − cjg; (C), xn-1< ρf < xn − g; (D), xn − g = 47 < ρf. (E) in (b) means ρf < x1 = 5; (F), xj − 1 < ρf < xj − cjg; (G), xn − g < ρf < xn − 1 − cn− 1g; (H), xn − g < xn− 1 − cn− 1g < ρf. (I) in (c) means ρf < xn − g < x1 − c1g; (J), xn − g < ρf < x1 − c1g; (K), xn − g < xj − 1 < ρf < xj − cjg; (L), xn − g < xn − 1 − cn − 1g < ρf.

PMC9993041

rsos220856f04a.jpg

0.464357

7f253cc12b974f47b77bffcaf7988555

Time evolution in the defector sanction system with n = 10 when cooperation cost increases downstream. The horizontal axis is for time and the vertical one is for the frequency of cooperators in each group. ρf = 24, ic(0) = 0.5 shows the dynamics evolving into the cooperation–defection mixed equilibrium where all players are cooperators until the group 4 and all are defectors in the group 5 as x4 < ρf < x5. The parameters are: g = 3, x1 = 5, ρ = 0.001 and xi − xi−1 = 5 for all is.

PMC9993041

rsos220856f05.jpg

0.486321

6f7183856ca24410a3367feb43fb3894

Time evolution with the costs of the cooperation given uniform randomly in the defector sanction system. In (a), n = 10, g = 3, ρf = 9, [x1, x2, …, x10] = [14, 20, 17, 20, 13, 6, 5, 19, 4, 9]. In (b,c), n = 10, g = 3, ρf = 10, [x1, x2, …, x10] = [4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 12, 10, 9, 7, 10]. The initial condition for (a) is ic = 0.5, and (b) is ic = 0.6 for all the groups, and that for (c) is 6c = 0.1 and ic = 0.6 for other groups.

PMC9993041

rsos220856f06.jpg

0.464342

10ca54c301344ce1ab09efd48079b023

Allocation of the benefit among the players as an application of our model to government planning and spending. The net benefit of a player in group i is equal to the amount that the player keeps. This figure shows when all players in all groups are cooperators.

PMC9993041

rsos220856f07.jpg

0.480172

3b6ac9b67d664e46b47fc33fd3cb39e7

Captive bubble method.

PMC9993463

d2ra08165b-f1.jpg

0.436383

51ceebcbf4024460839629b39e6f9c68

The Young equation.

PMC9993463

d2ra08165b-f2.jpg

0.445673

6b5c02706555423e822b0f56d2ae7aca

Plot of calculated surface tension components (γ+: open circles, γ−: filled circles) versus number density of anhydroglucose unit in cellulose esters with different carbon number in substituent.

PMC9993463

d2ra08165b-f3.jpg

0.460478

4ae9548e76f14dbab629f657070b7e9b

Calculated interaction energies between foulants ((i) HSA, (ii) PEG, (iii) BSA, (iv) HA) and cellulose esters with different carbon number in substituent in water (ΔG132).

PMC9993463

d2ra08165b-f4.jpg

0.437429

b2f02d878a91490fafa77c3344cb2f66

Calculated interfacial interaction energies (ΔG132) between foulants ((i) HSA, (ii) PEG, (iii) BSA, and (iv) HA) and cellulose esters with long substituent (CTL and CLTODs), as well as PES and CTA for reference.

PMC9993463

d2ra08165b-f5.jpg

0.470799

7bec1b7c00b24f41ae7c560416ebe88d

Comparison of affect across PEI modality by stakeholder group.

PMC9993717

nihms-1879283-f0001.jpg

0.454702

08d31405c36642d682168932806678ec

Comparison of Perceived A) Invasiveness, B) Influence on Self, C) Risk, and D) Benefit across PEI modality by stakeholder group.

PMC9993717

nihms-1879283-f0002.jpg

0.461273

7dba577e413f4412b8899b1cfc12df32

Impact of MDT and ORT on admission at ICU or nursing ward after CAWR35. surgeryMDT Multidisciplinary Team, ORT Operation Room Team, CAWR complex abdominal wall reconstruction

PMC9994771

10029_2023_2762_Fig1_HTML.jpg

0.454992

560a06b567e545e4acfc828f2e60511b

ROC Curves on justified ICU admission after CAWR

PMC9994771

10029_2023_2762_Fig2_HTML.jpg

0.374808

84727f3912544d97a9fad19b0fc1ba8f

Rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) in rheumatoid arthritis patients across different geographic regions in Egypt. LE lower Egypt, C and S Canal and Sinai, UE Upper Egypt. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests

PMC9995404

296_2022_5258_Fig1_HTML.jpg

0.458136

7c04888d051f453999f22829b74d3409

The age at onset, gender distribution, disease activity, rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide positivity as well as the main medications received by rheumatoid arthritis patients from the four main regions across Egypt. Lower Egypt (North coast and Delta); ALX: Alexandria, BH: Beheira, KS: Kafr El Sheikh, DM: Damietta, GB: Gharbia, DK: Dakahlia, SK: Sharkia, MNF: Menoufiya, KB: Kalyoubia. Canal cities and Sinai; PS: Port-Said, IS: Ismailia, SZ: Suez. Upper Egypt; FM: Fayoum, BS: Beni-Suef, MN: Minia, AST: Assuit, SO: Sohag, QN: Qena, LX: Luxor, ASW: Aswan. HCQ: hydroxychloroquine, MTX: methotrexate, LFN: leflunomide

PMC9995404

296_2022_5258_Fig2_HTML.jpg

0.421738

5f6d26275f6440a3a08dd381cc61d34b

CLT is made from gluing together layers of selected solid-sawn lumber; thus, the effect of timber defects (knots, grain deviation, shakes, etc.) is highly reduced. Very large structural member (up to 24 × 4.8 × 0.5 m) can be fabricated in CLT

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig10_HTML.jpg

0.405018

1b0f62359e5347c79a1dcee44c85a12e

The use of CLT panels for shear reinforcement of walls: a detail of the wall section; b the “outdoor” wall face reinforced with steel cords embedded in the mortar joins, to preserve the fair face aspect of the masonry; c the “indoor” wall face with the CLT panel screwed to the masonry (Borri et al. 2020)

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig11_HTML.jpg

0.416198

eafff0e4e07441b8a6f25c81cad95d4b

Combined shear and bending reinforcement of old timber floors: CLT panels are applied over the timber joists using inclined self-tapping screws (Roensmaens et al. 2018)

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig12_HTML.jpg

0.453543

18977c99860e41b1975dfdb8a7be11cd

The method used in Valluzzi et al. (2021) for shear reinforcement of masonry

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig13_HTML.jpg

0.459695

3a9d51bfe632410b93b5ee4ec97774dd

Examples of “invasive” and incorrect seismic interventions: a the addition of a reinforced concrete ring beam; b the application of a thick, heavy, and stiff coating of reinforced concrete; c the replacement of the timber-beam floor with a RC one

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig1_HTML.jpg

0.440893

fded025d3dd242debe139470e747f661

Examples of “invasive” interventions aimed at reducing carbon emissions: the insulation coating covers the historic brickwork masonry and its architectural decorations

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig2_HTML.jpg

0.389882

2790da735cd343eea8891a937fcd107b

Different types of composite nets and textiles, used in FRCM (a, d, e, f) and CRM (b, c)

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig3_HTML.jpg

0.426675

8d60f864a25d42ba9aa0c6217a9922d7

Installation method of FRCM system: a and b the grid is embedded using a gauging or tiger trowel; c the grid is typically made by interlacing two sets of yarns—the weft and the warp

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig4_HTML.jpg

0.419097

76169e72262d472c908f31136d4e873b

FRCM reinforcement using lightweight mortar mixes: to increase the thermal resistance of the wall, the thickness of the coating needs to be enlarged (typically 100 mm). The weight density of the mortar, used for the coating, can be reduced up to 800 kg/m3 without significantly affecting the strengthening effect of the FRCM (Borri et al. 2016)

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig5_HTML.jpg

0.440373

8404338a2fc64fb5901a130532765014

Natural fiber cloths: a flax, b bamboo, c basalt, d hemp

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig6_HTML.jpg

0.432162

4aaf6a1f49f3491b84b8ff4fc1b6af74

Bending test results of low-quality timber beams (dimensions 200 × 200 × 4000 mm) reinforced with natural fibers: S2-1 and S2-2 unreinforced; S2-3, S2-7, and S2-8, flax fiber reinforcement; S2-4, S2-5, and S2-6 basalt fiber reinforcement

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig7_HTML.jpg

0.46464

2e5894362b694cd5aca3e4194aee7c47

Reinforcement of timber beams with bamboo fibers: aesthetics impact is very low

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig8_HTML.jpg

0.470153

1dea9bc326ee495a8ea3ae254756f31f

The grid of hemp fibers: this was embedded into a 15-mm lime (pozzolanic) coating (Menna et al. 2015)

PMC9995406

11356_2021_17490_Fig9_HTML.jpg

0.482847

d91401136bf345648d6a602618de5826

a The chromatographic pattern of 40–80% ammonium sulfate fraction of tick larvae crude extract on GSH-Sepharose column (8 × 1.4 cm) previously equilibrated and washed with 0.02 M Na-phosphate buffer pH 7.0. b The chromatography of tick larvae TLGST on Sephacryl S-300 column (142 cm × 2.4 cm) formerly equilibrated with 0.02 M Na-phosphate buffer pH 7.0

PMC9995618

43141_2023_486_Fig1_HTML.jpg