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20464629

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Botswana%20general%20election

2009 Botswana general election

General elections were held in Botswana on 16 October 2009, alongside local elections, with early voting in 26 polling stations abroad taking place 3 October. The result was a tenth successive victory for the Botswana Democratic Party, which won 45 of the 57 elected seats in the National Assembly. Electoral system The 57 directly-elected members of the National Assembly were elected in single-member constituencies. A further four members were elected from a list nominated by the President, whilst the President and Attorney General became ex officio members. Campaign The ruling BDP was suffering from internal problems leading up to the election, with President Ian Khama threatening to expel party leader and former cabinet minister Daniel Kwelagobe, who also led the rival Barata-Phathi faction within the BDP. Although Khama and Kwelagobe eventually reconciled, stability within the BDP remained in question. The BDP campaign focused on its record in government, including education, training and economic development. Botswana National Front leader Otsweletse Moupo did not contest the elections after losing the party's primary elections for his Gaborone West North seat. It was speculated that he would stand for election in Gaborone South, but Moupo ultimately declined to run. The BNF campaign centred around creating a strong civil society and improving social welfare and housing. The Botswana Congress Party (BCP) and the Botswana Alliance Movement (BAM) formed an electoral alliance and supported each other's candidates. BCP leader Gilson Saleshando stood for election in Selebi-Phikwe West, a constituency held prior to the election by BDP candidate Kavis Kario. The alliance's campaign included a pledge to stop the economic downturn. The Botswana People's Party (BPP) campaign focused on agricultural development and manufacturing, whilst the MELS Movement of Botswana (MELS) promised to fight the exploitation of the population. A total of 177 candidates contested the elections; 57 from the BDP, 48 from the BNF, 46 from the BCP-BAM alliance (42 from the BCP and 4 from the BAM), 6 from the BPP, 4 from MELS, one from the Botswana Tlhoko Tiro Organisation and 15 independents. Opinion polls Very few scientific opinion polls were taken prior to the election, preventing accurate measures of public sentiment. Conduct Early voting was planned for police and polling officers on 29 September, as they would be unable to vote on election day. However, because of a printing error at the Johannesburg-based printer that was responsible for printing the ballot papers, early voting could not proceed as planned; ballot numbers, which should be unique to counter election fraud, were sometimes repeated on the ballots for local elections. As a result Police officers and polling officers had to vote on 16 October, along with the general public. For officers stationed far away from the place they are registered to vote, this presented serious problems. The BCP threatened legal action against the Independent Electoral Commission. Election turnout was reported to be high with polling station opening times being extending to cope with large queues. Election observers stated that the overall process ran smoothly, although in some instance people had been unable to vote. The Southern African Development Community noted that the elections were "credible, peaceful, free and fair", but raised concerns about the "slow polling process". Results Nehemiah Modubule, MP for Lobatse, won re-election running as an independent, having been elected in 2004 as a BNF candidate. Aftermath The BDP held a victory rally in Gaborone on 18 October, and President Khama was sworn in for his first full term on 20 October. See also List of members of the National Assembly of Botswana 2009–2014 References Botswana 2009 in Botswana Elections in Botswana

23570409

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85sa

Åsa

Åsa may refer to: Åsa, Kungsbacka, Kungsbacka Municipality, Halland County, Sweden Åsa, Ringerike, Ringerike municipality, Buskerud, Norway People with the given name Åsa Domeij (born 1962), former politician for the Swedish Green Party Åsa Larsson (born 1966), Swedish crime-fiction writer Åsa Regnér (born 1964), Swedish politician Åsa Romson (born 1972), Swedish politician Åsa Sandell (born 1967), Swedish journalist and former boxer Åsa Svensson (born 1975), Swedish tennis player Åsa Westlund (born 1976), Swedish politician See also Aasa (disambiguation) Asa (disambiguation) Åse (disambiguation), the Norwegian version of the name Feminine given names

23570421

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcupine%20Lake%20%28Nova%20Scotia%29

Porcupine Lake (Nova Scotia)

Porcupine Lake is located near the community of Aldersville, Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570426

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oaths%2C%20Land%20and%20Sea%20Forces%20Act%201817

Oaths, Land and Sea Forces Act 1817

The Oaths, Land and Sea Forces Act 1817 (57 Geo. III, c. 92) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Act opened up all ranks in the Army and Navy to Roman Catholics and Dissenters. Notes United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1817 United Kingdom military law Repealed United Kingdom Acts of Parliament

23570427

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perry%20Lake%20%28Nova%20Scotia%29

Perry Lake (Nova Scotia)

Perry Lake, Nova Scotia is a lake of Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

20464638

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th%20Light%20Dragoons

19th Light Dragoons

The 19th Light Dragoons was a cavalry regiment of the British Army created in 1781 for service in British India. The regiment served in India until 1806, and in North America during the War of 1812, and was disbanded in Britain in 1821. History Great Britain On 25 April 1779 warrants were issued to raise three regiments of light dragoons, the 19th, 20th and 21st, to address potential French aggression during the American Revolutionary War. The 19th was made up of drafts from the 1st and 2nd Dragoon Guards and the 4th and 10th Dragoons. The 19th did not see overseas service and was disbanded in June 1783. India The regiment was raised by Colonel Sir John Burgoyne (a cousin of General John Burgoyne) as the 23rd Regiment of Light Dragoons on 24 September 1781 for service in India. There had been no European cavalry to that date in India, and successive commanders there had called upon the regular British Army to supply a cavalry unit. The regiment arrived at Fort St. George, Madras in 1782 and became the first British cavalry regiment to serve in India. In 1786, the regiment was renumbered as the 19th Regiment of Light Dragoons. The 19th played a major role in the Anglo-Mysore Wars and Anglo-Maratha Wars. Their first campaign was against Tipu Sultan of Mysore from 1790 to 1792. After defeating Tipu, the 19th were on garrison duty until 1799 when war broke out with Tipu again. This time, the Sultan was killed during the Siege of Seringapatam in May 1799. In 1800, the 19th fought Dhondia Wagh's rebel army and in 1803, led by Major-General Arthur Wellesley (who later became the Duke of Wellington), they participated in the Battle of Assaye in September 1803. In this battle, the outnumbered British troops defeated a Maratha army and the regiment was subsequently awarded the battle honour of "Assaye" and presented with an honorary colour. The 19th Light Dragoons then spent time garrisoning various British outposts. They were stationed at Cheyloor in 1802, at Arcot in 1803, in Bombay in 1804, and at Arcot again from 1805 to 1806. The regiment was summoned to Vellore on the night of 10 July 1806 to rescue the 69th Regiment of Foot who had been the victims of a revolt by Indian sepoys. North America The regiment embarked for England on 20 October 1806, and remained in Britain until the outbreak of the war with the United States in 1812. The 19th were one of three British regular cavalry units that served in North America during the War of 1812, and the only one to serve in Canada. (The 14th Light Dragoons served on campaign in New Orleans but had no horses, The 6th Inniskilling Dragoons served on the East coast of the United States.) The regiment's first three squadrons arrived at Quebec City in May 1813 and were mounted on horses procured in Lower Canada. Two squadrons were sent to Upper Canada where they were involved in the blockade and re-capture of Fort George, and the destruction of Black Rock and Buffalo in New York State. Elements of the two squadrons participated in Colonel Thomas Pearson's delaying action against Brigadier General Winfield Scott's brigade during the American invasion of 1814. They subsequently fought at the Battle of Chippawa in July 1814, the Battle of Lundy's Lane later in the month and the Siege of Fort Erie in August 1814. Another troop pursued American raiders who had struck at Battle of Malcolm's Mills in November 1814. For these actions, the regiment earned the battle honour of "Niagara". The other squadron had been stationed south of Montreal at The Halfway house (Saint Luc area as well as Fort Lennox and The Block houses along the Lacolle border) and participated in the Battle of Plattsburgh in September 1814. In the autumn of 1814, the two squadrons serving on the Niagara rejoined the other squadron. The regiment served south of Montreal until the end of the war. They were sent back to England in August 1816. Disbandment The 19th Light Dragoons were re-equipped as lancers in September 1816 and renamed the 19th Lancers. The regiment remained in Britain until it was disbanded on 10 September 1821 due to reductions in size of the British Army. In 1862, the 19th Hussars were created and given permission to inherit the battle honours of the 19th Light Dragoons. Regimental Colonels Colonels of the regiment were: 23rd Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (1781) 1781–1785: Sir John Burgoyne, Bt. 19th Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (1786) 1786–1814: Gen. Sir William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, KB 1814–1815: Gen. Sir William Payne, Bt. 19th Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (Lancers) (1816) 1815–?1821: Gen. Sir John Ormsby Vandeleur, GCB 1821: Regiment disbanded Notes References External links 19th Light Dragoons in the War of 1812 Uniforms of the 19th Light Dragoons 19th Light Dragoons at FIBIS 19th Light Dragoons re-enactment group Cavalry regiments of the British Army Light Dragoons Dragoons 19th Light Dragoons officers 1781 establishments in Great Britain 1821 disestablishments in the United Kingdom Military units and formations established in 1781 Military units and formations disestablished in 1821 British military units and formations of the War of 1812

20464663

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Bowers%20%28bishop%29

John Bowers (bishop)

John Phillips Allcot Bowers (15 May 1854 – 6 January 1926) was Bishop of Thetford in the Church of England in 1903–1926. John Bowers was born in Portsea, Portsmouth, Hampshire and educated at Magdalen School and St John's College, Cambridge. His first post after ordination was as a Curate at Coggeshall. From 1882 to 1903 he was Domestic Chaplain to the Bishop of Gloucester and went on to be Diocesan Missioner and a Residentiary Canon at Gloucester Cathedral (1890–1902). In January 1902, he was appointed Archdeacon of Gloucester before his appointment as Bishop of Thetford and Archdeacon of Lynn in 1903 which refers to Kings Lynn. A prominent Freemason, he died in Norwich. References 1854 births People educated at Magdalen College School, Oxford Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge Archdeacons of Gloucester Bishops of Thetford Archdeacons of Lynn 1926 deaths 20th-century Church of England bishops

20464665

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltyansky

Boltyansky

Boltyansky, Boltyanski or Boltyanskii (Russian: Болтянский) is a Russian masculine surname; its feminine counterpart is Boltyanskaya. It may refer to Natella Boltyanskaya (born 1965), Russian journalist, singer-songwriter, poet and radio host Vladimir Boltyansky (1925–2019), Russian mathematician Russian-language surnames

23570442

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen%20Kunda

Stephen Kunda

Stephen Kunda (born August 17, 1984) is a Zambian football central defender who is currently a free agent. He played for Power Dynamos F.C. in his home country before moving to Finland. Kunda can also play as a defensive midfielder. Kunda had a contract with RoPS until the end of season 2012. Kunda was one of the Zambians who came to RoPS in 2007. He came along with Nchimunya Mweetwa, Chanda Mwaba, Chileshe Chibwe and Zeddy Saileti's younger brother Derik Saileti for a trial. Quintet (Mweetwa, Kunda, Chibwe, Mwaba) got contract's with RoPS. Kunda signed with RoPS 3-years long contract including 2-years option. Later season he extended his contract to 2012. After the season RoPS won promotion to Veikkausliiga (Finnish Premier Division). Originally in RoPS, Kunda was considered to play as a defensive midfielder, but he was later dropped to defence after RoPS had some injuries and bans with their defenders. Kunda performed well in central defence and subsequently, he was made regular central defender. Kunda has good technical skill and keeps cool head even under pressure from opposite players. During the 2010 season Kunda has played in the midfield position, while Jarkko Lahdenmäki has been the starting defender with American Etchu Tabe. On August 2, 2008, Kunda was chosen as a central defender in the Finnish Premier League's best XI in July. On 15 November 2008, RoPS informed that Kunda has been loaned to his former club Power Dynamos F.C. and he played some games with Mwaba on guest player status. He has played once in Zambia's national football team. Kunda and eight other RoPS players got sacked in the spring of 2011 due to match fixing scandal. Career statistics External links at rops.fi at veikkausliiga.com References 1984 births Zambian footballers Zambian expatriate footballers Zambia international footballers Zambian expatriate sportspeople in Finland Association football central defenders Expatriate footballers in Finland Veikkausliiga players Rovaniemen Palloseura players Living people

23570446

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestock%20in%20Sri%20Lanka

Livestock in Sri Lanka

In Sri Lanka many farmers depend on animal husbandry for their livelihood, but not a large proportion. Therefore, many livestock products have to be imported. The main livestock products in Sri Lanka are milk, meat and eggs. Hides, wools and other products are still not produced within the country. Animal power formerly used in the cultivation of rice and vegetables have been replaced by modern technology to farmlands. However animal husbandry plays an important role in the rural economy for improving the living conditions of farmers in the country. The land area of Sri Lanka is 65,610 km2. and of this, 30% belongs to agricultural activities. From that 30%, 70% is solely devoted to crop production. The remainder consists of a mixture of crops and livestock. Hence, a very small proportion of the farmland is solely devoted to livestock production. In Sri Lanka, livestock sector contributes around 1.2% of the national GDP. Livestock is spread throughout all regions of Sri Lanka with concentrations of certain farming systems in particular areas due to cultural, market and agro-climatic reasons. According to statistics from the Department of Animal Production and Health, there are about 1.3 million cattle, 0.3 million buffalo, 0.4 million goats, 13 million poultry and 0.08 million pigs in the country with negligible numbers of sheep, ducks and other animal breeds. Consumption of meat and dairy products The per capita consumption of milk and dairy products in Sri Lanka (about 36 kg) is less, compare to other countries in the South Asian region. Since the 1980s Sri Lanka import dry milk powder as their main dairy commodity from Australia and New Zealand up to now. Main dairy/meat products A very few types of dairy products are locally processed by a few companies as well as household producers in the country. The most leading product among them is yoghurt and hundreds of trade names are available to buy it. Other main dairy products are ice cream, curd, ghee, liquid milk (pasteurized and flavoured), cheese and some sweets. Livestock Breeds Domestic breeds are rarely used as livestock breeds in Sri Lanka. A large portion of livestock breeds are cross or introduced breeds. Because local breeds have poor productive ability and improper quality of milk and meat. Cattle There are few breeds of dairy cattle used for milk production. The selection of a cattle breed largely depends on the bio-climatic condition in the region. European breeds are recommended for upcountry wet and intermediate zones, while Indian breeds are recommended for low country dry and intermediate zones. There are also cross breeds for the low country wet zone. Cattle breeds for up country Ayrshire Friesian Jersey Cattle breeds for low country Sindhi Sahiwal Tharparkar (cattle) AMZ (Australian Milking Zebu) AFS (Australian Frisian x Sahiwal) Local crossbreeds. ("Indigenous" or "native" "local" is no longer valid; they are cross breeds of indigenous cattle with Indian bos indicus breeds and mostly found in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. True indigenous breed of local cattle became extinct in the late 1930s. Recently they have been called "Lankan Cattle, but not true Lankan cattle). With the exception of a few breeds, most of the dairy breeds can be used in most bio-climatic areas providing that the level of management is high and the availability of quality fodder is well planned. The Australian Frisian x Sahiwal has not met the expectations of a tropical dairy breed. Cattle breeds for mid-country Jersey Friesian AMZ Hatton cow or Cape cattle were good milking breeds available before the present exotic milk breeds were popularised, presently extinct. Local breed Thamankaduwa White Cattle confined to the eastern part of the island Cattle breeding The main cattle breeding method is using Artificial insemination (AI), which covers approximately 60% and Natural Breeding using improved breeds of stud bulls is practiced in remote areas and it covers approximately 25% of the total. Artificial Insemination (AI) is being practiced using locally produced semen and a limited amount of imported semen. There are two AI Stations available in Sri Lanka, namely Central Artificial Insemination Station (CAIS) situated in Kundasale, in Kandy district and Artificial Insemination Station situated at Kaduruwela, Polonnaruwa. Buffalo Breeds Water buffaloes are reared for draught and milk production. Local buffaloes produce low milk yield and in the rural sector they mainly kept for power in rice cultivation to plough and harrow the fields. Introduced Indian breeds are mainly kept for milk production and for cross breeding with local buffaloes for upgrading. A large portion of water buffalo milk is used for curd and ghee production. Water buffalo meat is not very popular within Sri Lanka and is legally banned for slaughter. Murrah Niliravi Surti(Pure bloodlines cannot be found in Sri Lanka at present. They are mixed with other breeds of buffaloes These three Indian breeds are Riverine type water buffaloes they prefer clear water to wallow. Domestic buffalo (Phenotypically swamp type (prefer mud puddles for wallowing), but genetically riverine) Goat Breeds available in Sri Lanka Saanen- for milk production Jamnapari - for meat and milk Crosses of Jamnapari & Saanen - for meat and milk Boer imported from Germany for cross breeding with Jamnapari or Kottukachchiya breed to establish a new synthetic breed called Sri Lankan Boer Nondescript local crossbreds (local breed) - meat Crosses of Jamnapari,Saanen x Local breed - meat Goat Breeding Farms Thelahera Goat Breeding Farm in Kurunegala District, Imbulandanda Goat Breeding Farm in Matale district of Department of Animal Production & Health (DAP&H). Breed - Jamnapari, (Original herd imported from India in 1997 by the Ministry of Livestock and Rural Industrial Development.) Bopatahlawa Farm in Nuwara Eliya district and Mahaberiyatenna Farm in Kandy district of The National Livestock Development Board (NLDB). Breed - Saanen (Original herd Imported from The Netherlands) Other goat breeds previously available in Sri Lanka but presently vanished Kottukachchiya - Synthetic breed developed in the late 1960s for meat Beetal - for milk and meat German Boer - meat Sri Lanka Boer (German Boer X Kottukachchiya / Jamnapari) - meat German fawn - milk and meat Akyub extinct breed recorded in literature found in Jaffna Peninsula believed to be brought from Burma (Myanmar) Sheep breeds Jaffna Local Bikenary Bannur Red Madras Dorset All the above breeds are kept for meat. Present the few insignificant numbers found are all crossbreds. Previously Operated Goat & Sheep Breeding Farms Kottukachchiya Farm - DAP&H, SRL / GTZ Goat Development Project. - Goat Breeding Weerawila and Ridigama in the Southern Province Boralanda Farm - DAP&H - Sheep Breeding Pig breeds local landrace / "mini pigs" - extensively managed / Scavenging Exotic breeds raised about 40 years ago Berkshire Yorkshire Large Black Blue Pigs (Large White X Large Black) Present day exotic breeds Large White Middle White Landrace Duroc References Livestock Economy of Sri Lanka Agriculture in Sri Lanka Animal husbandry

20464676

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Tunisian%20general%20election

2009 Tunisian general election

General elections were held in Tunisia on 25 October 2009. Results released on 26 October 2009 indicated a substantial victory for incumbent President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, who won the reelection for a fifth five-year term, and the governing Constitutional Democratic Rally. It was the last election contested under the Ben Ali regime, prior to the Tunisian Revolution. Observers The African Union sent a team of election observers to cover the election. The delegation was led by Benjamin Bounkoulou who described the election as "free and fair". However, a spokesperson from the United States State Department indicated that Tunisia did not allow international monitoring of elections, but the U.S. was still committed to working with the president of Tunisia and its government. There also were reports of mistreatment of an opposition candidate. Results President The Interior Ministry released the official results for the election on Monday 26 October 2009. Voter turnout was recorded at 89.40% with 4,447,388 of Tunisia's 5.3 million registered voters participating. In the presidential race, incumbent president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali won 89.62% of the vote. His nearest rivals were Mohamed Bouchiha with 5.01% of the vote and Ahmed Inoubli with 3.80%, and Ahmed Brahum with 1.57%. Parliament In the Chamber of Deputies election, the Democratic Constitutional Rally, which had governed continuously from Tunisia's independence from France in 1956 until the Tunisian Revolution, won 84.59% of the vote and 161 seats. The Movement of Socialist Democrats won 16 seats with 4.63% of the vote, the Popular Unity Party won 12 seats and 3.39% of votes, The Unionist Democratic Union won 9 seats with 2.56%. The remaining 16 seats were divided between the Social Liberal Party, who won eight seats, the Green Party for Progress, who won six and the Movement Ettajdid who won two seats. References External links Presidential and Legislative Elections in Tunisia - 2009 Media Ben Ali reelected with 89 per cent - Radio France Internationale Unsurprising victory for Ben Ali - Radio France Internationale Final results give President Ben Ali a fifth term - France 24 Ben Ali wins unsurprising landslide in presidential election - France 24 Tunisia Elections in Tunisia 2009 in Tunisia Presidential elections in Tunisia October 2009 events in Africa

23570448

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six%20Mile%20Lake%20%28Nova%20Scotia%29

Six Mile Lake (Nova Scotia)

Six Mile Lake, Nova Scotia is a lake about 2 Kilometers west of Halifax City in the Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570450

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20Lake%20%28Halifax%29

South Lake (Halifax)

South Lake, Halifax is a lake of Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570456

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouverie%20Street

Bouverie Street

Bouverie Street is a street in the City of London, off Fleet Street, which once was the home of some of Britain's most widely circulated newspapers as well as the Whitefriars Priory. The offices of the News Chronicle, a British daily paper, were based there until it ceased publication on 17 October 1960 after being absorbed into the Daily Mail. The News of the World had its offices at No. 30 until its move to Wapping in the mid-1980s. Bouverie Street was also the location of the offices of Punch magazine until the 1990s, and for some decades of those of Lutterworth Press, one of Britain's oldest independent publishers, celebrated for The Boy's Own Paper and its sister The Girl's Own Paper. The street's name comes from the landlords of the area, the Pleydell-Bouveries, Earls of Radnor. The Planet News Press Photo Agency was based at 8 Bouverie Street until the WWII Blitz forced them to relocate to no. 3 Johnson's Court, just across Fleet Street. The surviving glass plate negative collection is owned by TopFoto. See also List of eponymous roads in London References Further reading Streets in the City of London

23570457

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sullivan%20Lake%20%28Halifax%29

Sullivan Lake (Halifax)

Sullivan Lake is a lake in Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. The primary outflow is an unnamed creek to Bennery Lake that flows via Bennery Brook and the Shubenacadie River to Cobequid Bay on the Minas Basin, part of the Bay of Fundy. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570460

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangier%20Grand%20Lake

Tangier Grand Lake

Tangier Grand Lake is a lake in the Halifax Regional Municipality of Nova Scotia, Canada. It is located near Mooseland, Nova Scotia. Description Tangier Grand Lake is full of islands, from the largest island, which is long and wide, to very small islands, scattered throughout the western and eastern arms. It is, for the most part, relatively shallow, but it has a relatively deep spot with a depth of approximately in its centre. The lake is located on the Eastern Shore Granite Ridge, an area of 350-million year old granite bedrock. History The remnants of a sluice, once used in log driving, can be found on Struggle Brook, one of the primary inflows into Tangier Grand Lake from Crooked Lake. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia Mooseland, Nova Scotia References Lakes of Nova Scotia

20464688

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiao-Gang%20Wen

Xiao-Gang Wen

Xiao-Gang Wen (; born November 26, 1961) is a Chinese-American physicist. He is a Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Distinguished Visiting Research Chair at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. His expertise is in condensed matter theory in strongly correlated electronic systems. In Oct. 2016, he was awarded the Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize. He is the author of a book in advanced quantum many-body theory entitled Quantum Field Theory of Many-body Systems: From the Origin of Sound to an Origin of Light and Electrons (Oxford University Press, 2004). Early life and education Wen attended the University of Science and Technology of China and earned a B.S. in Physics in 1982. In 1982, Wen came to the US for graduate school via the CUSPEA program, which was organized by Prof. T. D. Lee. He attended Princeton University, from which be attained an M.A. in Physics in 1983 and a Ph.D in Physics in 1987. Work Wen studied superstring theory under theoretical physicist Edward Witten at Princeton University where he received his Ph.D. degree in 1987. He later switched his research field to condensed matter physics while working with theoretical physicists Robert Schrieffer, Frank Wilczek, Anthony Zee in Institute for Theoretical Physics, UC Santa Barbara (1987–1989). Wen introduced the notion of topological order (1989) and quantum order (2002), to describe a new class of matter states. This opens up a new research direction in condensed matter physics. He found that states with topological order contain non-trivial boundary excitations and developed chiral Luttinger theory for the boundary states (1990). The boundary states can become ideal conduction channel which may lead to device application of topological phases. He proposed the simplest topological order — Z2 topological order (1990), which turns out to be the topological order in the toric code. He also proposed a special class of topological order: non-Abelian quantum Hall states. They contain emergent particles with non-Abelian statistics which generalizes the well known Bose and Fermi statistics. Non-Abelian particles may allow us to perform fault tolerant quantum computations. With Michael Levin, he found that string-net condensations can give rise to a large class of topological orders (2005). In particular, string-net condensation provides a unified origin of photons, electrons, and other elementary particles (2003). It unifies two fundamental phenomena: gauge interactions and Fermi statistics. He pointed out that topological order is nothing but the pattern of long range entanglements. This led to a notion of symmetry protected topological (SPT) order (short-range entangled states with symmetry) and its description by group cohomology of the symmetry group (2011). The notion of SPT order generalizes the notion of topological insulator to interacting cases. He also proposed the SU(2) gauge theory of high temperature superconductors (1996). Professional record Professor, MIT, 2000–present Isaac Newton Research Chair, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 2012–2014 Associate professor, MIT, 1995—2000 Assistant professor, MIT, 1991—1995 Five-year member of IAS, 1989—1991 Member of ITP, UC Santa Barbara, 1987—1989 Honors A.P. Sloan Foundation fellow (1992) Overseas Chinese Physics Association outstanding young researcher award (1994) Changjiang professor, Center for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University (2000—2004) Fellow of American Physical Society (2002) Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Physics, MIT (2004—present) Distinguished Moore Scholar, Caltech (2006) Distinguished Research Chair, Perimeter Institute (2009) Isaac Newton Chair, Perimeter Institute (announced Sep 2011) 2017 Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize (announced Oct. 2016) Member of National Academy of Sciences (2018) 2018 Dirac Medal of the ICTP Selected publications See also Topological order String-net Topological entanglement entropy References External links http://dao.mit.edu/~wen http://physics.stackexchange.com/users/9444/xiao-gang-wen 1961 births Living people 21st-century American physicists Chinese emigrants to the United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science faculty Princeton University alumni Theoretical physicists University of Science and Technology of China alumni Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences Physicists from Shaanxi People from Xi'an Educators from Shaanxi Sloan Research Fellows Fellows of the American Physical Society Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize winners

20464725

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.%20Adams

W. Adams

W Adams was the first manager of Shrewsbury Town F.C. He managed the club for seven years, between 1 May 1905 and 31 May 1912, during which period the club moved from Copthorne barracks ground to the Gay Meadow site. He was also manager during the then-record attendance for a Shrewsbury Town match of 5,000 against Wellington Town. External links W Adams at League Managers Association Shrewsbury Town F.C. managers 20th-century deaths 19th-century births English football managers

23570465

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girls%27%20Generation%20%28song%29

Girls' Generation (song)

Girls' Generation (Hangul: 소녀시대; RR: Sonyeo Sidae) is a Korean song sung by several artists. The song was originally sung by Lee Seung-chul in 1989, released on his self-titled album Lee Seung-chul: Part 2 (Korean: 이승철 1집 Part 2). It was covered by Maya in 2005 and girl group Girls' Generation in 2007, whose band name is derived from the song's. Gil Hak-mi also performed the song at Superstar K in 2009 and it was released on Love which contains songs by the first Superstar K Top 10. Girls' Generation version "Girls' Generation", written and produced by Lee Seung-Chul and Song Jae Jun, was released on November 1, 2007. It was the lead single for the group's debut album, Girls' Generation. The music video for "Girls' Generation" was released on November 1. To celebrate this cover, Lee Seung Chul appeared on KM M!Countdown with the girls performing the song. The song was also used in episode 76 of You Are My Destiny, a drama series that starred Yoona. Promotions Girls' Generation held their comeback performed on M! Countdown, on November 1, 2007. The group also performed the song on various music shows such as Music Bank, Show! Music Core and Inkigayo in November and December. Music programs awards Credits and personnel Lee Seung-chul – songwriting Song Jae Jun – arranger, music Kenzie – arranger References 2007 singles Girls' Generation songs Dance-pop songs SM Entertainment singles Korean-language songs 1989 songs

20464727

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV%20Classic%20%28Italian%20TV%20channel%29

MTV Classic (Italian TV channel)

MTV Classic was an Italian pay television channel that centred its programming schedule to former music video hits from the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. The channel was based on the Videomusic library. It was launched on 2007 as MTV Gold, and was rebranded as MTV Classic on 10 January 2011. It was closed down on 31 July 2015, along with MTV Hits. External links MTV.it 2007 establishments in Italy 2015 disestablishments in Italy MTV channels Defunct television channels in Italy Italian-language television stations Music organisations based in Italy Music television channels Telecom Italia Media Television channels and stations established in 2007 Television channels and stations disestablished in 2015

23570473

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomahawk%20Lake%20%28Halifax%29

Tomahawk Lake (Halifax)

Tomahawk Lake (Halifax) is a lake of Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. The Tomahawk Lake watershed is approximately 1550 hectares and is managed by the Halifax Regional Water Commission as a potential future source of expansion to the municipality's drinking water supply. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570482

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactions%20%28The%20Spectacular%20Spider-Man%29

Interactions (The Spectacular Spider-Man)

"Interactions" is the second episode of the animated television series The Spectacular Spider-Man, based on the comic book character Spider-Man created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko. The episode sees Spider-Man confronting the supervillain Electro, whose body was corrupted with electricity after a freak lab accident. Directed by Troy Adomitis, "Interactions" was written by Kevin Hopps, who researched all the available comic books he had that featured Electro. The character's appearance in the episode draws on his traditional comic book style, though designer Victor Cook emphasized the color green and removed the character's customary star-shaped mask. His voice actor, Crispin Freeman, sought to reflect the character's declining sanity in his vocal style. "Interactions" first aired March 8, 2008, on the Kids' WB block of The CW network, following the first episode. Its 1.4/4 Nielsen rating was higher than that of the pilot, "Survival of the Fittest". The episode received mixed reviews; IGN commented that "[w]hile not as strong as the pilot, the episode had some notable moments". Plot summary The episode opens in Dr. Connors's laboratory, where Connors demonstrates to his interns Peter and Gwen a new potential source of clean energy: genetically modified eels. After Gwen and Peter leave, an electrician, Max Dillon, attempts to upgrade the lab's electrical filters, but gets electrocuted and is sent to the hospital. There, he is found to be emitting strong electrical fields and is placed in quarantine. Max is further angered when a doctor explains that, although he is stable, he must wear a special suit to contain this emitted bioelectricity and escapes the hospital. Peter, meanwhile, is assigned to tutor a popular girl named Liz Allan. He is attempting to teach her science in a café when an angry Max enters and accidentally short circuits the power. Max leaves; Peter, believing him to be dangerous, pursues him as Spider-Man. Peter manages to photograph Max and remove his mask; Max, enraged, attacks, but flees while Peter is distracted by a phone call from Aunt May. The following day Peter discovers that his photographs have not developed properly, but is still able to identify the man he fought as Max. He meets with Dr. Connors, Eddie, and Gwen to seek a way to contain Max, who has meanwhile been attacked by the police and has decided to seek help from the lab. On arrival, though, Max becomes aggressive and threatens Connors's wife, Martha. Eddie distracts him long enough for Peter to lead the girls to safety and return as Spider-Man: Max, declaring himself "Electro," begins to fight with Spider-Man. The battle leads the pair out from the lab into the rain, where Spider-Man spots a radio tower beside a pool: he knocks Electro into the water, causing him to short circuit into unconsciousness. At school the next day Peter talks to Liz in the hall; she is complimenting his tutoring when the popular students approach, making her change her attitude, act rudely, and walk away. In the lab, Dr. Connors picks up a vial of lizard DNA that Electro had electrified, and leaves with his wife. Production "Interactions" was written by Kevin Hopps and directed by Troy Adomitis. Hopps, who had previously written for animated series such as Buzz Lightyear of Star Command, Justice League, and Darkwing Duck, researched for the episode by re-reading every available comic book that featured Electro. Hopps notes that he "like[s] the humanity" of Electro: "Here's a person who didn't ask to be a villain, but found himself thrust into that role." The radio tower scene initially called for Electro to climb to the very top of the structure, a concept the crew found "clunky" throughout the storyboarding and directing process. Victor Cook, a producer and developer for The Spectacular Spider-Man, observed "He's gonna climb the whole tower? It just seems kind of weird." Before release, the scene was altered to have Electro gradually propel himself up the tower with several electrical blasts. Cook retained the "classic silhouette" of Electro's suit from the original comics, but removed his star-shaped mask. Cook made green the key color in the Electro design, noting that "In the 1960s it seems like the majority of Spider-man's rogues gallery had green as part of their costumes." In Cook's broader color scheme for the cartoon green is used to symbolize negative situations in Peter's life, while positive settings and occurrences, such as Peter's biology class, feature other key colors like yellow. Electro was voiced by Crispin Freeman, who sought to reflect in his vocal style the psychological decline brought on by the character's new powers: "It never occurred to me before how that would have an effect on his character – to be dealing with that curse and blessing. And when you think about it, that's also Peter Parker's core issue." The episode's title, "Interactions," expands the series theme "The Education of Peter Parker" chosen by developer Greg Weisman. Episodes in the early season one arc all shared a naming scheme based on the biological sciences. Broadcast and reception "Interactions" originally aired on March 8, 2008, on the Kids' WB block of The CW Network, following the show's pilot, "Survival of the Fittest." Disney XD aired the episode on March 23, 2009, between "Survival of the Fittest" and "Natural Selection". The episode's initial broadcast garnered a Nielsen rating of 1.4/4, the network's 2007–08 highest rating for the 10:30 a.m. timeslot. It beat the previous episode's rating of 1.2/3 (the highest for the 10:00 a.m. timeslot for the same season) and represented a 75% increase in the share of viewers aged 2 to 11 and a 200% increase in viewers aged 2 to 5. "Interactions" rated the highest of the season for kids and boys aged 9 to 14. The episode received mixed reviews from television critics. Eric Goldman of IGN thought the episode "wasn't as strong as the pilot" and rated it at 7.4 ("Decent"). Goldman wrote that Electro's redesigned costume retained "some nice visual nods to the Electro many of us grew up with." Liz Allan's characterization, though, he found confusing, with the character's accent and background unclear, and the scene where Peter fought Electro while conducting a phonecall with Aunt May "just a bit too much": "Come on, Aunt May isn't freaking out hearing [that]?" Nonetheless, Goldman praised the episode's humorous scenes and the introduction of Dr. Conner's limb regeneration experiments. Rob M. Worley of the entertainment website Mania said that Freeman "charges up" the series with his role, writing that he "steps away from his luminary status in the world of anime and video game voiceovers." Ultimate Disney reviewer Luke Bonanno did not include the episode among his top five episodes of The Spectacular Spider-Man's first season, but "feel[s] obligated to point out that the uniform excellence of the lot [makes] this a challenging task." DVD Talk reviewer Todd Douglass Jr. described Electro's design as "[incorporating] some sharp edges and dynamic plays" to an "old" character. References External links "Interactions" on Marvel.com 2008 American television episodes The Spectacular Spider-Man episodes

23570484

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallace%20Lake

Wallace Lake

Wallace Lake may refer to: Wallace Lake (Louisiana), a lake in Louisiana, United States Tom Wallace Lake, a lake in Kentucky, United States Lake Wallace, a lake in Victoria, Australia

23570487

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webber%20Lake%20%28Sackville%29

Webber Lake (Sackville)

Webber Lake is a lake of Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is situated between Middle Sackville and Lucasville, just south of Nova Scotia Highway 101. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570492

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webber%20Lake%20%28Eastern%20Shore%29

Webber Lake (Eastern Shore)

Webber Lake is a lake of Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570496

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williams%20Lake%20%28Halifax%29

Williams Lake (Halifax)

Williams Lake, Halifax is a lake of the Halifax Regional Municipality, in Spryfield, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570498

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williams%20Lake%20%28Goffs%29

Williams Lake (Goffs)

Williams Lake, Goffs is a lake of Halifax Regional Municipality, in Goffs, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570499

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williams%20Lake%20%28Jeddore%29

Williams Lake (Jeddore)

Williams Lake, Jeddore is a lake of Halifax Regional Municipality in Jeddore, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570501

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willis%20Lake%20%28Waverley%29

Willis Lake (Waverley)

Willis Lake Waverley is a lake of Halifax Regional Municipality in Waverley, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570515

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erol%20Sander

Erol Sander

Erol Sander (born 9 November 1968 as Urçun Salihoğlu) is a Turkish-German actor. Filmography 1990: Two's a Crowd (TV series) - Jannicke Guigue 1997: (TV series) - Philippe Roussel 2000: Zwei Leben nach dem Tod 2001: The Apocalypse (TV film) - Ionicus 2001-2002: Sinan Toprak ist der Unbestechliche (TV series) - Kriminalhauptkommissar Sinan Toprak 2003: Spurlos – ein Baby verschwindet (TV film) - Peter Wedekind 2003: Für immer verloren (TV film) - Erkan Öcelit 2003: Betty – Schön wie der Tod (TV film) - Thomas Lohner 2003: (TV film) - the Shah 2003: Mein Mann, mein Leben und du (TV film) - Frank Moss 2003: Rosamunde Pilcher: Federn im Wind (TV) - David Norris 2004: Tausendmal berührt (TV film) - Leon Willfahrt 2004: Alexander - Persian Prince 2004: Vernunft und Gefühl (TV film) 2004: Liebe ist (k)ein komisches Wort 2005: Wenn der Vater mit dem Sohne (TV film) - Paul Bachmann 2005: Ums Paradies betrogen (TV miniseries) - Andrew Stoughton 2005: Die Liebe eines Priesters (TV film) - Michael 2005: Wen die Liebe trifft (TV film) - Luca Berger 2005: Inga Lindström: Sprung ins Glück (TV) - Axel Hasselroth 2005: Andersrum (TV film) - Makler 2005: Die goldene Stadt 2005: Liebe hat Flügel 2006: 2006: Im Himmel schreibt man Liebe anders (TV film) - Christoph Fischer 2006–2011: Die Alpenklinik (TV series, 6 episodes) - Dr. Daniel Guth 2007: Im Tal der wilden Rosen (TV series) - Jake Cross 2007: Eine Liebe in Kuba (TV film) - Jan Holzer 2007: Der Zauber des Regenbogens (TV film) - Brian O'Casey 2007: (TV film) - Bernhard Reichenberg 2008: Die Blüten der Sehnsucht (TV film) - Paul Pflüger 2008: Rebecca Ryman: Wer Liebe verspricht (TV film) - Jai Raventhorne 2008-2018: Mordkommission Istanbul (TV series, 22 episodes) - Police Inspector Mehmet Özakin 2009: Tatort: Familienaufstellung (TV) - Durmus Korkmaz 2016: Snowden - Diplomat Party Guest Personal life In 2000 he married Frenchwoman Caroline Godet, a niece of director Oliver Stone. References External links Official Website 1968 births Living people Turkish emigrants to Germany German male television actors German male film actors 21st-century German male actors

23570538

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schism%20Act%201714

Schism Act 1714

The Schism Act or Established Church Act (13 Ann., c. 7) was a never-enforced 1714 Act of the Parliament of Great Britain which was repealed in 1718. The Act stipulated that anyone who wished to keep (manage or own) a public or private school, or act as tutor, must first be granted a licence from a bishop. Also, he (or she) must conform to the liturgy of the Church of England and to have taken in the past year the rites of that Church. The Act sought to constrain, convert or curtail Dissenter schools (dissenting academies), but on the day the Act was due to come into force, Queen Anne died and the Act was never enforced. Upon the Hanoverian succession in 1714 and the subsequent supremacy of Whigs, the Act was repealed by the Religious Worship Act 1718. References History of Christianity in the United Kingdom United Kingdom Education Acts Great Britain Acts of Parliament 1714 Repealed Great Britain Acts of Parliament

23570540

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20B.%20Floyd%20%28West%20Virginia%20politician%29

John B. Floyd (West Virginia politician)

John B. Floyd (November 13, 1854 – April 15, 1935) was a West Virginia politician, lawyer, and businessman. Born in Logan County, West Virginia, his father was George Rogers Clark Floyd, who served as Secretary of Wisconsin Territory and then in the West Virginia Legislature. Floyd went to Rock Hill College and then to the University of Virginia. He worked on the family farm and then in the lumber business. Floyd then studied law and was admitted to the West Virginia bar and practiced law. He served in the West Virginia House of Delegates in 1881–1882, and again in 1893–1894. Floyd also served in the West Virginia Senate in 1883–1885. From 1900 to 1901, Floyd served as mayor of Charleston, West Virginia. He died at his daughter's home in Charleston, West Virginia. See also List of mayors of Charleston, West Virginia Notes Sources Information about John B. Floyd 1854 births 1935 deaths People from Logan County, West Virginia University of Virginia alumni Businesspeople from West Virginia West Virginia lawyers West Virginia state senators Members of the West Virginia House of Delegates Mayors of Charleston, West Virginia Lawyers from Charleston, West Virginia 19th-century American politicians 20th-century American politicians 19th-century American lawyers

23570554

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridgeway%20Benefice

Ridgeway Benefice

The Ridgeway Benefice is a group of parishes in Wiltshire, England, to the north of Marlborough. The parishes are: Holy Cross Chiseldon with Draycot Foliat; Ogbourne St Andrew, which also serves the hamlets of Ogbourne Maizey and Rockley; and Ogbourne St George. The benefice is part of the Marlborough Deanery in the Diocese of Salisbury of the Church of England, which is part of the Christian, Anglican Communion. The benefice is run by Reverend Roger Powell. References External links Church of England benefices Diocese of Salisbury

17327112

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics

Greek diacritics

Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacritics. Polytonic orthography () is the standard system for Ancient Greek and Medieval Greek. The acute accent (´), the circumflex (^), and the grave accent (`) indicate different kinds of pitch accent. The rough breathing (῾) indicates the presence of the sound before a letter, while the smooth breathing (᾿) indicates the absence of . Since in Modern Greek the pitch accent has been replaced by a dynamic accent (stress), and was lost, most polytonic diacritics have no phonetic significance, and merely reveal the underlying Ancient Greek etymology. Monotonic orthography () is the standard system for Modern Greek. It retains two diacritics: a single accent or tonos (΄) that indicates stress, and the diaeresis ( ¨ ), which usually indicates a hiatus but occasionally indicates a diphthong: compare modern Greek (, "lamb chops"), with a diphthong, and (, "little children") with a simple vowel. A tonos and a diaeresis can be combined on a single vowel to indicate a stressed vowel after a hiatus, as in the verb (, "to feed"). Although it is not a diacritic, the hypodiastole (comma) has in a similar way the function of a sound-changing diacritic in a handful of Greek words, principally distinguishing (, "whatever") from (, "that"). History The original Greek alphabet did not have diacritics. The Greek alphabet is attested since the 8th century BC, and until 403 BC, variations of the Greek alphabet—which exclusively used what are now known as capitals—were used in different cities and areas. From 403 on, the Athenians decided to employ a version of the Ionian alphabet. With the spread of Koine Greek, a continuation of the Attic dialect, the Ionic alphabet superseded the other alphabets, known as epichoric, with varying degrees of speed. The Ionian alphabet, however, also only consisted of capitals. Introduction of breathings The rough and smooth breathings were introduced in classical times in order to represent the presence or absence of an in Attic Greek, which had adopted a form of the alphabet in which the letter Η (eta) was no longer available for this purpose as it was used to represent the long vowel . Introduction of accents During the Hellenistic period (3rd century BC), Aristophanes of Byzantium introduced the breathings—marks of aspiration (the aspiration however being already noted on certain inscriptions, not by means of diacritics but by regular letters or modified letters)—and the accents, of which the use started to spread, to become standard in the Middle Ages. It was not until the 2nd century AD that accents and breathings appeared sporadically in papyri. The need for the diacritics arose from the gradual divergence between spelling and pronunciation. Uncial script The majuscule, i.e., a system where text is written entirely in capital letters, was used until the 8th century, when the minuscule polytonic supplanted it. Grave accent rule By the Byzantine period, the modern rule which turns an acute accent (oxeia) on the last syllable into a grave accent (bareia)—except before a punctuation sign or an enclitic—had been firmly established. Certain authors have argued that the grave originally denoted the absence of accent; the modern rule is, in their view, a purely orthographic convention. Originally, certain proclitic words lost their accent before another word and received the grave, and later this was generalized to all words in the orthography. Others—drawing on, for instance, evidence from ancient Greek music—consider that the grave was "linguistically real" and expressed a word-final modification of the acute pitch. Stress accent In the later development of the language, the ancient pitch accent was replaced by an intensity or stress accent, making the three types of accent identical, and the sound became silent. Simplification At the beginning of the 20th century (official since the 1960s), the grave was replaced by the acute, and the iota subscript and the breathings on the rho were abolished, except in printed texts. Greek typewriters from that era did not have keys for the grave accent or the iota subscript, and these diacritics were also not taught in primary schools where instruction was in Demotic Greek. Official adoption of monotonic system Following the official adoption of the demotic form of the language, the monotonic orthography was imposed by law in 1982. The latter uses only the acute accent (or sometimes a vertical bar, intentionally distinct from any of the traditional accents) and diaeresis and omits the breathings. This simplification has been criticized on the grounds that polytonic orthography provides a cultural link to the past. Modern use of polytonic system Some individuals, institutions, and publishers continue to prefer the polytonic system (with or without grave accent), though an official reintroduction of the polytonic system does not seem probable. The Greek Orthodox church, the daily newspaper Estia, as well as books written in Katharevousa continue to use the polytonic orthography. Though the polytonic system was not used in Classical Greece, these critics argue that modern Greek, as a continuation of Byzantine and post-medieval Greek, should continue their writing conventions. Some textbooks of Ancient Greek for foreigners have retained the breathings, but dropped all the accents in order to simplify the task for the learner. Description Polytonic Greek uses many different diacritics in several categories. At the time of Ancient Greek, each of these marked a significant distinction in pronunciation. Monotonic orthography for Modern Greek uses only two diacritics, the tonos and diaeresis (sometimes used in combination) that have significance in pronunciation. Initial is no longer pronounced, and so the rough and smooth breathings are no longer necessary. The unique pitch patterns of the three accents have disappeared, and only a stress accent remains. The iota subscript was a diacritic invented to mark an etymological vowel that was no longer pronounced, so it was dispensed with as well. The transliteration of Greek names follows Latin transliteration of Ancient Greek; modern transliteration is different, and does not distinguish many letters and digraphs that have merged by iotacism. Accents The accents (, singular: ) are placed on an accented vowel or on the last of the two vowels of a diphthong (ά, but αί) and indicated pitch patterns in Ancient Greek. The precise nature of the patterns is not certain, but the general nature of each is known. The acute accent ( or "high") '' marked high pitch on a short vowel or rising pitch on a long vowel. The acute is also used on the first of two (or occasionally three) successive vowels in Modern Greek to indicate that they are pronounced together as a stressed diphthong. The grave accent ( or "low", modern varia) '' marked normal or low pitch. The grave was originally written on all unaccented syllables. By the Byzantine period it was only used to replace the acute at the end of a word if another accented word follows immediately without punctuation. The circumflex () '' marked high and falling pitch within one syllable. In distinction to the angled Latin circumflex, the Greek circumflex is printed in the form of either a tilde () or an inverted breve (). It was also known as "high-low" or "acute-grave", and its original form ( ) was from a combining of the acute and grave diacritics. Because of its compound nature, it only appeared on long vowels or diphthongs. Breathings The breathings were written over a vowel or ρ. The rough breathing (; Latin )—''—indicates a voiceless glottal fricative () before the vowel in Ancient Greek. In Greek grammar, this is known as aspiration. This is different from aspiration in phonetics, which applies to consonants, not vowels. Rho (Ρρ) at the beginning of a word always takes rough breathing, probably marking unvoiced pronunciation. In Latin, this was transcribed as rh. Upsilon (Υυ) at the beginning of a word always takes rough breathing. Thus, words from Greek begin with hy-, never with y-. The smooth breathing (; Latin )—''—marked the absence of . A double rho in the middle of a word was originally written with smooth breathing on the first rho and rough breathing on the second one (). In Latin, this was transcribed as rrh (diarrhoea or diarrhea). Coronis The coronis () marks a vowel contracted by crasis. It was formerly an apostrophe placed after the contracted vowel, but is now placed over the vowel and is identical to the smooth breathing. Unlike the smooth breathing, it often occurs inside a word. Subscript The iota subscript ()—''—is placed under the long vowels ᾱ, η, and ω to mark the ancient long diphthongs ᾱι, ηι, and ωι, in which the ι is no longer pronounced. Adscript Next to a capital, the iota subscript is usually written as a lower-case letter (Αι), in which case it is called iota adscript (). Diaeresis In Ancient Greek, the diaeresis ( or ) – – appears on the letters and to show that a pair of vowel letters is pronounced separately, rather than as a diphthong. In Modern Greek, the diaeresis usually indicates that two successive vowels are pronounced separately (as in , "I trick, mock"), but occasionally, it marks vowels that are pronounced together as an unstressed diphthong rather than as a digraph (as in , "I boycott"). The distinction between two separate vowels and an unstressed diphthong is not always clear, although two separate vowels are far more common. The diaeresis can be combined with the acute, grave and circumflex but never with breathings, since the letter with the diaeresis cannot be the first vowel of the word. In Modern Greek, the combination of the acute and diaeresis indicates a stressed vowel after a hiatus. Vowel length In textbooks and dictionaries of Ancient Greek, the macron—''—and breve—''—are often used over , , and to indicate that they are long or short, respectively. Nonstandard diacritics Caron In some modern non-standard orthographies of Greek dialects, such as Cypriot Greek and Griko, a caron (ˇ) may be used on some consonants to show a palatalized pronunciation. They are not encoded as precombined characters in Unicode, so they are typed by adding the to the Greek letter. Latin diacritics on Greek letters may not be supported by many fonts, and as a fall-back a caron may be replaced by an iota ⟨ι⟩ following the consonant. Examples of Greek letters with a combining caron and their pronunciation: ζ̌ , κ̌ or , λ̌ , ν̌ , ξ̌ , π̌ , σ̌ ς̌ , τ̌ , τζ̌ or , τσ̌ τς̌ or , ψ̌ . Dot above A dot diacritic was used above some consonants and vowels in Karamanli Turkish, which was written with the Greek alphabet. Position in letters Diacritics are written above lower-case letters and at the upper left of capital letters. In the case of a digraph, the second vowel takes the diacritics. A breathing diacritic is written to the left of an acute or grave accent but below a circumflex. Accents are written above a diaeresis or between its two dots. Diacritics are only written on capital letters if they are at the beginning of a word with the exception of the diaeresis, which is always written. Diacritics can be found above capital letters in medieval texts. Examples Computer encoding There have been problems in representing polytonic Greek on computers, and in displaying polytonic Greek on computer screens and printouts, but these have largely been overcome by the advent of Unicode and appropriate fonts. IETF language tag The IETF language tags have registered subtag codes for the different orthographies: for monotonic Greek. for polytonic Greek. Unicode While the tónos of monotonic orthography looks similar to the oxeîa of polytonic orthography in most fonts, Unicode has historically separate symbols for letters with these diacritics. For example, the monotonic "Greek small letter alpha with tónos" is at U+03AC, while the polytonic "Greek small letter alpha with oxeîa" is at U+1F71. The monotonic and polytonic accent however have been de jure equivalent since 1986, and accordingly the oxeîa diacritic in Unicode decomposes canonically to the monotonic tónos—both are underlyingly treated as equivalent to the multiscript acute accent, U+0301, since letters with oxia decompose to letters with tonos, which decompose in turn to base letter plus multiscript acute accent. For example: U+1F71 GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA ➔ U+03AC GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH TONOS ➔ U+03B1 GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA, U+0301 COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT. Below are the accented characters provided in Unicode. In the uppercase letters, the iota adscript may appear as subscript depending on font. Upper case Lower case See also Acute accent Voiceless glottal fricative Diaeresis – Synaeresis Greek language Koine Greek phonology Modern Greek grammar Greek alphabet Greek language question Greek ligatures Greek braille Greek minuscule Textual criticism Aristarchian symbols Obelism Dagger (typography) Greek numerals Attic numerals Isopsephy Ancient Greek Musical Notation Byzantine Musical Symbols References Further reading Panayotakis is critical of the adoption of monotonic, and also provides a useful historical sketch. See also: . External links General information: Accentuation history and tutorial Citizens' Movement for the Reintroduction of the Polytonic System, in Greek and English How the law to abandon polytonic orthography was passed in the Greek parliament, in Greek Greek polytonic to monotonic converter (free online tool) Program that converts (correct) written monotonic texts into polytonic texts Polytonic Greek fonts: Greek Font Society public domain polytonic fonts Public domain Greek polytonic unicode fonts Gentium – a typeface for the nations, open font supporting polytonic Greek Athena, public domain polytonic Greek font How-to guides for polytonic keyboard layouts: Google Docs guide for Linux Covers installation of layouts, use of dead-keys etc. Updated to 2010. Diacritics Diacritics Diacritics Diacritics Orthographies by language Orthography Spelling reform Keyboard layouts

17327122

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20God%C3%ADnez

Juan Godínez

Juan Godíñez (1517 - 1571) Conquistador Juan Godínez, was born in the city of Úbeda, Spain. He came to the Americas in 1532. After coming to Peru, he campaigned with Diego de Almagro in Chile. He later served in Peru in the subjugation of Manco Inca, and in the expeditions of the captains Pedro de Candia and Diego de Rojas. Afterward, he returned to Chile in 1540 with Pedro de Valdivia serving in the wars of the Conquest of Chile until the arrival of García Hurtado de Mendoza. He was captain of cavalry during the campaign against Lautaro in 1556 where, after the Battle of Peteroa, his company pursued the retreating Mapuche and destroyed a detachment of Lautaro's army near the Maule River. In 1557 his command defending Santiago joined that of the Governor Francisco de Villagra to destroy Lautaro's army in the Battle of Mataquito. He then served in the army of García Hurtado de Mendoza in his campaign during the Arauco War in southern Chile. He was an encomendero of Choapa. He was a regidor of Santiago, Chile in 1550, 1554 and 1556. He married Catalina de la Cueva in 1557 and had eight children. His mestiza daughter, Leonor Godínez, married Don Juan Hurtado, notary public of Serena and Santiago. He died in 1571. References Sources Jerónimo de Vivar, Crónica y relación copiosa y verdadera de los reinos de Chile (Chronicle and abundant and true relation of the kingdoms of Chile) ARTEHISTORIA REVISTA DIGITAL; Crónicas de América (on line in Spanish) de Góngora Marmolejo, Alonso, Historia de Todas las Cosas que han Acaecido en el Reino de Chile y de los que lo han gobernado (1536-1575) (History of All the Things that Have happened in the Kingdom of Chile and of those that have governed it (1536-1575)), University of Chile: Document Collections in complete texts: Cronicles (on line in Spanish) XXII. De cómo vino de el audiencia de lo reyes proveído Villagra por corregidor de todo el reino, y de lo que hizo José Toribio Medina, Colección de documentos inéditos para la historia de Chile, Vols. 6-7, IV.— Información de senidos de Alonso López de la Eaigada, vecino de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile. (Archivo de Indias, Patronato, 1-5-34/18), Vols. 6-7 published by Impr. y Encuadernacido Barcelona; v.8-30 by Impr. Elzeviriana., 1901. Mariño de Lobera, Pedro, Crónica del Reino de Chile, escrita por el capitán Pedro Mariño de Lobera....reducido a nuevo método y estilo por el Padre Bartolomé de Escobar. Edición digital a partir de Crónicas del Reino de Chile Madrid, Atlas, 1960, pp. 227-562, (Biblioteca de Autores Españoles ; 569-575). Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes (on line in Spanish) Capítulo LIV: Cómo el capitán Lautaro fué sobre la ciudad de Santiago con un copioso ejército y tuvo dos batallas con los capitanes Diego Cano y Pedro de Villagrán Capítulo LV: De la batalla que el general Francisco de Villagrán y los capitanes Alonso de Escobar y Juan Gudines dieron a Lautaro, donde perdió la vida, en el valle de Mataquito Diego Barros Arana, Historia general de Chile, Tomo Primero José Toribio Medina, Diccionario Biográfico Colonial de Chile, Imprenta Elzeviriana, Santiago, 1906, Juan Godíñez pg. 348. Spanish conquistadors Spanish generals Encomenderos Viceroyalty of Peru people Captaincy General of Chile Colonial Peru 1571 deaths 1517 births 16th-century Peruvian people

17327124

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vamaj

Vamaj

Vamaj is a small village situated near Kadi (a town known for its oil industry) and Kalol. Its Panchayat code is 162352. It is also famous for Shri Vamaj Tirth, a temple belonging to the Jain religion. The idol of Dada Adishvar in the temple belongs to the times of king Samprati References Villages in Mehsana district

23570564

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20winners%20of%20the%20Amsterdam%20Marathon

List of winners of the Amsterdam Marathon

This article lists the winners of the Amsterdam Marathon, which was first held during the 1928 Summer Olympics (men's competition only) and annually from 1975 onwards, with the exception of 1978. The current course records of 2:03:38 (men) and 2:17:57 (women) were set in the 2021 edition by Tamirat Tola and Angela Tanui respectively. Ferenc Szekeres, Cor Vriend, Sammy Korir, Plonie Scheringa, and Marja Wokke won the Amsterdam Marathon each two times, and Gerard Nijboer won the marathon four times. Men's winners Women's winners Victories by nationality References Amsterdam Marathon Statistics Palmares Marathon d'Amsterdam Amsterdam Sport in Amsterdam Marathon Amsterdam Marathon

17327234

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20International

Lee International

Lee Electric (Lighting) Ltd was incorporated as a business in 1961 by John and Benny Lee, two film lighting electricians. Lee Electric was primarily involved in the rental of lighting equipment for commercial and documentary productions, as all principal film and television studios were at the time equipped with their own lighting equipment. From 1961 to 1985 Although the lighting rental market grew throughout the 1960s, largely due to the impact of commercial television, the market was dominated by a single manufacturer of lighting equipment, Mole-Richardson (England) Ltd, which was also the largest rental house. Lee Electric was founded as SunBurst Lighting by electrical engineer Bill Burst in 1961. In 1967 Lee Electric started to purchase lighting equipment from the Italian manufacturer, Ianiro, which was itself attempting to establish a foothold in the international market. In addition, Lee Filters was formed to design, market and, from 1974, to manufacture lighting filters. Also in 1967, BBC2 began to transmit in colour, with BBC1 and ITV following in 1969. The introduction of colour broadcasts entailed a substantial increase in the amount of lighting needed in studios as well as on location. With a major increase in the amount of equipment available to it as a result of purchasing Ianiro equipment, Lee Electric was able to tender for and to win a five-year contract with the BBC for the supply of lighting equipment for U.K. television outside broadcasts. The contract, which was retained by Lee Electric for many more years necessitated further substantial investment in equipment and established Lee Electric's leading reputation and position in the lighting rental market. The contract was gained from Mole Richardson (England) Ltd, which was ultimately acquired by Lee Electric in 1975, and subsequently extended to 1990. In 1968, Lee Electric purchased a site in North Kensington, which was converted to provide premises for the lighting equipment rental business and a three-stage film studio. Lee Electric was able to compete with the major U.K. studios because it offered its stages on a 'four wall' basis, that is without the requirement to use the studio's labour and equipment. Significant feature films made at the Kensington studios included A Touch of Class (1973) and The Who rock opera, Tommy (1975). In the same year Lee Electric acquired Telefilm Lighting Services Ltd, a competitor, thereby further increasing the quantity of equipment that Lee Electric could provide and expanding its range of marketing contracts. To enhance the services offered to the television companies, Lee Scaffolding Ltd was formed in 1969 to hire scaffolding for rigging lighting equipment for television outside broadcasts. Stagemate Ltd was also established to provide scaffolding to film production companies. Lee Electric (Northern) Ltd was formed in 1972, primarily to service the lighting requirements of the BBC in the North of U.K. It then became a major rental house in its own right. In 1974, Lee Enterprises Ltd was formed to act as a bulk buyer of consumable items, principally for the rest of the Lee Group but also as a wholesaler to third parties. In 1975 Joe Dunton Cameras Ltd was formed to provide a camera rental service to the film industry. In 1977, Lee Electric moved to Lee International Film Studios, Wembley (later known as Fountain Studios). Over the two year following the studios acquisition, Lee Electric completely refurbished and refitted these studios for film and television productions and commercials. By 1979, Lee Electric had established working relationships with a number of U.S. film production companies whose lighting requirements outside of the U.S.A were serviced by Lee Electric and who used Wembley Studios. In that year Lee Electric took the strategic step of opening a lighting rental house in New York City. The establishment of Lee Lighting America was coupled with the acquisition of Belden, a New York-based distributor and selling agent for film and television equipment, which had been the exclusive U.S. distributor for Lee Filters since 1976. In January, 1986 a second rental house was opened in Los Angeles. In August 1984, Lee Electric acquired the Shepperton Film Studios complex. In October 1984, a new holding Company, Media Technology International PLC, was formed to acquire Lee Filters and Joe Dunton Cameras and admission was obtained to the Unlisted Securities Market on the London Stock Exchange. At that time, Lee Electric and John and Benny Lee owned in aggregate 59.3 per cent. of MTI's issued share capital. It was considered that the allied but self-contained activities of Lee Filters and Joe Dunton Cameras could be more successfully developed under its own management and with direct access to the capital markets. In June, 1984, Joe Dunton Cameras had established a subsidiary in the U.S.A. In June 1985, Lee Electric acquired Colortran, a U.S. manufacturer of lighting products, with a U.K. branch in Norfolk. Its products included advanced computerised dimming control systems and specialist lights for theatres and architectural applications. Through this acquisition the Lee Group secured an international network of distributors and agents. In November 1985, MTI acquired Mitchell Camera Corporation, which was based in Los Angeles and was one of the oldest manufacturers of film cameras. The acquisition reduced the Lee Group's interest in MTI to 53.9%, which was further reduced to 29.9 per cent. As part of the reorganisation that took place prior to the Offer for Sale. Lee International was formed in May 1985, and is now the holding company for the Lee Group. In November 1985, Lee International made a recommended cash offer for a listed company, Humphries Holdings PLC, which rents lighting equipment in Europe, manufactures low voltage lighting, operates music recording studios and duplicated video tapes. The offer was declared unconditional on 5 December 1985 at which date it had been accepted in respect of shares representing 94.2% of the issued share capital. Financials 1981-1987 Geographical Analysis 1985 profit include £450,000 exceptional item largely due from an insurance claim for rental assets destroyed in a fire at Pinewood Studios, over their book value. 1981-1985 Class of Business Analysis 1986-1987 Class of Business Analysis Associated company figures are for Lee's investment income from Media Technology International PLC Acquisition of Colortran In June 1985 Lee announced that it had completed the takeover of Colortran, a film and television lighting equipment manufacturer with operations in Burbank California USA and Thetford England. In a deal reported to be worth around £3.7 million, Lee paid £850,000 in cash and the rest was to service Colortran's existing debt finance. Lee bought 85 per cent. of Colortran whilst Ken Boyda Colortran's UK chief executive retained a 15 per cent. stake, Lee later acquired this outstanding 15 per cent. in December 1985 in exchange for shares. In contracts dated 16 May 1985, Lee acquired 85% of the issued share capital of Colortran Holdings Inc from its US parent company Forward Technology Industries Inc. for cash sums of $601,800 and £345,950. Lee also contracted through Colortran to buy of land with office and factory buildings at Thetford Norfolk England for £460,000 cash. The manufacturing business was renamed Lee Colortran and saw the factory at Thetford refurbished whilst Lee International's site at Kearsley, Bolton became the northern England manufacturing base for Lee Colortran where a factory also undertook research and development of new electronic lighting control equipment. In North America was leased for office space, factory and warehousing, split between two sites in Burbank California. Acquisition of Humphries Holdings PLC Lee announced in October 1985 that it had agreed a cash offer to acquire rental and services group Humphries Holdings PLC, valuing it at £2.5 million. The offer of 33.5 pence per ordinary share was accepted by majority shareholder BET plc, holding 75% of Humphries issued share capital. Lee's offer was a 20 per cent premium over Humphries recent mid market share price of 28 pence. Humphries made an attributable loss of £2.46 million to the year ending March 1985 on turnover of £14.22 million. Operating under the Mole-Richardson name Humphries ran two European film and television lighting rental houses located in France and Spain. The French subsidiary also manufactured low voltage lighting for architectural and display purposes, many of its low voltage lights being installed in shops; hotels; banks and numerous other buildings. Mole-Richardson had a showroom in Whitfield Street London selling their low voltage lights. Humphries had recently closed and sold off its film laboratory interests however it retained a video duplication operation based in London. Humphries also ran CTS Recording Studios a sound and music recording studio based in Wembley. Two consequences of the Humphries takeover were firstly to delay the imminent public flotation of Lee International PLC, allowing Lee time to prepare and publish its offer document to include the Humphries acquisition figures. Secondly the acquisition of Humphries brought about a significant change in the makeup of the Lee International board of directors, bringing in John Davey and Colin Wills in the non-executive positions of chairman and director respectively. The appointment of these two senior executives to board of Lee, who both had a long track record of working in executive roles for quoted companies, would significantly enhance the Lee boardroom. Lee's finance director David Mindel was quoted in the 25 October 1985, issue of Broadcast periodical commenting on the acquisition. "We had to choose between buying Humphries Holdings when the opportunity occurred or postponing our flotation plans, really, there was no choice, Humphries is too good an opportunity to pass up. Its figures will be included in Lee results when we go public next spring." Acquisition of Panavision Lee International PLC announced on 3 September 1987 that it had made an offer of $100 million (£61 million) for Panavision, the Hollywood manufacturer and renter of motion picture cameras and lenses. At that time it was estimated Panavision had a stock of some 700 movie cameras only available for rental from Panavision offices or through agents. Panavision estimated that its cameras were used on 35% of worldwide feature film production. In 1986 it had a turnover of $29.07 million and made a pre–tax profit of $2.5 million. Simultaneously, Lee's management were organising a buyout of Lee International PLC, worth £198 million to take the company private just 18 months after its £85 million flotation in April 1986, which valued Lee's shares at £1.80. Lee International's shareholders were offered £3.60 a share in cash or one ordinary share in a new holding company called Westward Communications Ltd for every Lee share held. Lee's shares rose sharply on the news gaining 68p to finish at £3.38 on the day. The Financial Times reported in October 1987, that virtually all the non-management shareholders in Lee International had accepted the cash offer of £3.60 accounting for 32.7 per cent of Lee shares. Lee International PLC had 55,108,720 ordinary shares in issue as stated in their 1987 Annual Report, of this figure John Lee owned 14,102,892 and his brother Benny slightly more with 14,137,892. Lee's financial director, David J Mindel owned 1,374,797 shares with other senior management holding a total of 824,318 Lee shares. This gave Lee's management control over 30,438,901, just over 55% of the voting shares in the company. The Westward buy-out was formulated after the London Stock Exchange voiced concern about Panavision's short independent life, having only recently been bought by its management in 1985 from Warner Communications, and its comparable size to Lee International, the purchase of the camera company would represent around 30 per cent of the two names joining forces. Lee's purchase of Panavision looked thwarted from the very beginning; instigated by the London Stock Exchange, Lee's management were forced into buying back stock that had sold for £1.80 in a stock market flotation in April 1986, only 18 months earlier and it now was faced with the prospect of paying £3.60 for these shares facilitated by the new buy-out vehicle Westward Communications Ltd. Arguments were made that Lee was paying twice over for Panavision. Westward's purchase of both Lee and Panavision would cost a staggering $340 million, this was almost twice the estimated assets of the combined group. Finance for the two deals was provided by Citicorp Industrial Credit and another $10 million from parties connected with Lee's management. Westward intended to seek a US listing for its shares within 18 months of the deal that was struck in September 1987 and a return to the London market would be considered too. It was estimated at the time that Westward would have a market value in the region of £400 million. Lee was purchasing Panavision from Frederick W "Ted" Field's Interscope Communications Inc. The purchase price of $100 million cash with Lee assuming Panavision's $47 million debt was substantially higher than the $52.5 million Field paid Warner Communications for the company back in 1984. Lee's takeover of Panavision was hit by two significant events that impacted heavily on their acquisition. Firstly, within eight weeks of the Panavision purchase world stock markets suffered what is now known as Black Monday, where stock markets crashed on 19 October 1987, throughout the world. The following global financial crisis put paid to plans for Westward Communications seeking a public listing on the New York Stock Exchange within 18 months of the deal. Secondly, 1988 saw the Writers Guild of America on strike for close on 22 weeks, from 7 March through 7 August. The strike affected the making of many American television series and to a lesser extent Hollywood movie production. Panavision's revenue experienced a major downturn during this time, a report in the Los Angeles Times in August 1988 estimated Panavision sales had fallen 20% that year primarily due to the five-month writers strike. Financial Crisis By early 1988, Lee International, with its heavy debt burden, had hit serious financial difficulties. It was in default on the $340 million loan, having insufficient cash to the meet interest payments. In August, 1988 a spokesman for Citicorp, which led a syndicate of 17 international banks to fund both Lee's purchase of Panavision and buyout vehicle Westward Communications Ltd, announced that the Lee group of companies was indeed in crisis. Further news emerged around this time that brothers John and Benny Lee, who founded the company in the early 1960s, had resigned as directors of the group's parent company even though they remained majority shareholders. Within weeks of these developments US based Warburg Pincus Capital LP, a private equity company, was approached by Citicorp to engage in restructuring Lee's debt. Warburg stepped in investing $60 million in a new company Lee Panavision International Inc, which assumed Westward's $340 million debt. Under the deal, Lee Panavision International would acquire all Lee Group assets except for the UK lighting operation Lee Lighting Ltd. However, Lee Panavision International had an option to purchase Lee Lighting exercisable at any time until 17 December 1990, furthermore Lee Panavision entered into a management agreement of Lee Lighting. In December 1988, Warburg Pincus appointed William C Scott as chairman, president and CEO of Lee Panavision International Inc. Scott finally succeeded in taking the Panavision Inc. public in 1996 and remained with Lee Panavision until his resignation in January 1999. Companies based in the London Borough of Brent Business services companies established in 1961

17327236

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secnidazole

Secnidazole

Secnidazole (trade names Flagentyl, Sindose, Secnil, Solosec) is a nitroimidazole anti-infective. Effectiveness in the treatment of dientamoebiasis has been reported. It has also been tested against Atopobium vaginae. In the United States, secnidazole is approved for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis in adult women. References Further reading Nitroimidazole antibiotics Antiprotozoal agents

23570579

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukavica%20%28Isto%C4%8Dno%20Novo%20Sarajevo%29

Lukavica (Istočno Novo Sarajevo)

Lukavica () is a town in the municipalities of Istočno Novo Sarajevo, Republika Srpska , Bosnia and Herzegovina and Novo Sarajevo, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Demographics According to the 2013 census, its population was 8,616, with 7,785 of them living in the Republika Srpska part and 831 in the Federation part. References Cities and towns in Republika Srpska Populated places in Istočno Novo Sarajevo

23570587

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telef%C3%A9rico%20de%20Monserrate

Teleférico de Monserrate

The Teleférico de Monserrate is a tourist cable car that connects Bogotá with the Monserrate hill. History The cable car to Monserrate was built to provide service to the increasing number of parishioners who ascended to the Basilica del Señor de Monserrate in the years 1950, when the only means of ascent was the funicular train, or pulled train. Designed by the Swiss Von Roll company, its construction began in 1953 and it was commissioned on September 27, 1955. When it was finished, the total cost of the work amounted to one million pesos. At that time a peso bought a dollar. The equipment used today to manage the system is in perfect condition, and has also been updated and modernized. The action boards, monitoring and security systems are fully computerized, which makes it one of the most modern systems in the world. Over the years the cable car has changed in color and appearance. At first it was white, then it was painted yellow, then red and green, later red, now it is orange. Current system The cable car takes four minutes to travel the 820 meters between the station of the ring road with Calle 26 up to 3,152 meters, at the station on the hill. Each car can comfortably accommodate 35 people, who pay approximately $US 6.50 for the ride up and down, from Monday to Friday, at night the rate is higher and goes to $US 6.80. Since it began service, an accident that has occurred has been that of last December 24, 2018, which shows that it is a safe means of transport. The supporting cables on which the car is supported are changed every 70 years and those that pull the cars are changed every 35 years. Although it does not use advertising, this system is profitable. The most congested days are Good Fridays, when some 3,500 people move. That is to say that they make 10 to 12 trips. The cable car operates from Monday to Saturday from 12 noon to 12 midnight and Sundays and holidays from 5:30 in the morning to 6 in the afternoon. The advantage of the cable car over the funicular is to provide a panoramic view of the city of Bogotá. The funicular, on the other hand, operates from Monday to Saturday from 7:40 a.m. to 11:40 a.m. and on Sundays and holidays from 5:30 a.m. to 6 p.m. THE CABLE CAR CHANGES ITS IMAGE After 60 years of service, the cable car to Monserrate continues to retain its classic style but changes its image to start a new stage, with the purpose of making your visit more pleasant, making each trip its passengers have a pleasant experience, for For this reason, one of its main attributes is a better panoramic view. Among other qualities that can be appreciated from the new design are: 1. Interior lighting and ambient sound. 2. Fresher, modern, spacious, light and friendly image. 3. Thematic adaptation for seasons. 4. Its orange and green colors connect visitors with nature, making orange a symbol of the beautiful sunsets that can be seen from the top of the mountain, enveloping the visitor in the green of the thick vegetation that surrounds the eastern hills creating a memory in the mind of those who visit the hill. Opening date November 28, 2015 See also List of aerial tramways References External links Cerro de Monserrate Aerial tramways in Colombia Transport in Bogotá Transport infrastructure completed in 1955 1955 establishments in Colombia

23570597

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mickey%27s%20Mechanical%20House

Mickey's Mechanical House

"Mickey's Mechanical House" is a cartoon made by Walt Disney Television Animation. It was originally released in 1999. It was narrated by Monty Python member John Cleese. Plot This cartoon is narrated in rhyme. Mickey Mouse keeps trying to sleep while living in an old, unrepaired house, which constantly annoys him. Mickey decides to move out of it; he takes Pluto and runs down a sidewalk full of houses. Soon, he meets a salesman who is selling a modern and clean "electric house" where anything can be controlled by a push of a button on a remote control. Mickey, delighted that it was better than the other, buys the house and moves in it. At first, the mouse is happy with his new home, but the robotic servant (who refuses to let Mickey stay up to explore the house at night) and malfunctioning equipment make him change his mind and escape from the place. Eventually, Mickey changes his values and returns to live in his old house. Cast Wayne Allwine as Mickey Mouse Bill Farmer as Pluto John Cleese as the Narrator Jeff Bennett as Salesman References Mickey Mouse short films 1999 films 1999 animated films 1990s Disney animated short films Films scored by Stephen James Taylor

20464734

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin%20Lynch

Colin Lynch

Colin Lynch (born 1973 in Lissycasey, County Clare) is an Irish sportsperson. He plays hurling and Gaelic football with his local clubs Kilmaley and Lissycasey, and was a member of the Clare senior inter-county hurling team from 1997 until 2008. Playing career Club Colin played for Éire Óg ever before he played for Kilmaley. Lynch plays his club hurling with his local club Kilmaley and has enjoyed much success. In 1998 Lynch lined out in his first county senior championship final. The famous St. Joseph's Doora-Barefield club provided the opposition, however, Kilmayley still came up short and Lynch ended up on the defeated side. The following year Kilmaley were back in the junior hurling decider. Clonlara were the opponents on that occasion, however, for the second time Lynch's side faced defeat. 2004 saw Kilmaley finally break the barrier at senior level when they lined out against St. Joseph's in the senior championship decider. Lynch's side triumphed that day to collect their first senior county title since 1985. Lynch also played Gaelic football with his local club Lissycasey and enjoyed much success. He won a county intermediate championship winners' medal in 1994, however, success at senior level was slow in coming. After defeat in senior county finals in 1998 and 2006, Lynch won a county senior championship winners' medal in 2007, following a five-point victory over Éire Óg. Inter-county Lynch first came to prominence on the inter-county scene as a member of the Clare senior team in 1994. He was included on the senior panel that year, however, it would be another few years before he secured a definite place on the starting fifteen. Lynch made his debut in a Munster Championship quarter-final against Kerry in 1997. Clare had an easy win that day. A subsequent victory over Cork gave Lynch the chance to line out in his first Munster final. Tipperary were the opponents on that occasion and an exciting game was expected. Both sets of players did not disappoint. Clare led by five points at half-time, however, Tipp fought back in the second-half. In one of the best games of the decade Clare defeated Tipperary by 1–18 to 0–18. It was Lynch's first Munster winners' medal and Clare's first ever victory over Tipperary in the provincial decider. Clare were now hot favourites to reclaim the All-Ireland title. They showed their class against Kilkenny in the subsequent All-Ireland semi-final, thus booking their place in the All-Ireland final. The introduction of the so-called 'back-door system' saw Tipperary provide the opposition in that game. For the second time that year both sides served up a classic. Clare had the upper-hand for much of the game, however, Tipp remained close behind. Liam Cahill and Eugene O'Neill scored two goals for Tipp in the last ten minutes to set up an exciting finish. A draw looked likely, however, a classic late point from Jamesie O'Connor secured a narrow 0–20 to 2–13 victory for Clare. It was Lynch's first All-Ireland winners' medal. In winning the 1997 All-Ireland title Clare beat Cork, Kilkenny and Tipperary (twice) – the so-called big three of hurling. In doing so they became only the second team ever, along with Waterford in 1959, to achieve this. In 1998 Clare were the hot favourites to retain their All-Ireland title. All was going to plan, however, Lynch's side drew with Waterford in the Munster final. The replay was one of the most controversial games of hurling ever played. Before the sliotar was had even been thrown in, Lynch was pulling recklessly across Peter Queally and Tony Browne. A melee ensued two minutes into the game and Lynch punched Browne. Brian Lohan and Michael White were red-carded for also fighting, however, Lynch escaped being sent to the line. The rest of the game was played in an extremely bad spirit and Clare emerged the victors by 2–16 to 0–10. It was Lynch's second Munster winners' medal, however, the game was subject to much media discussion over the following week. The Munster Council later suspended Lynch for three months. He was a huge loss for the subsequent three-game All-Ireland semi-final saga with Offaly, a marathon run of games which Clare eventually lost, thus surrendering an All-Ireland title which they had been hot favourites to retain. The following few seasons proved difficult for Lynch and for Clare. In spite of the team going into decline, Clare still qualified for the Munster final again in 1999. By now the 'hurling revolution' of the 1990s was drawing to a close as the 'old order' returned. Cork provided the opposition on that occasion, however, Clare were still the favourites going into the game. An exciting contest unfolded with Cork's Joe Deane scoring a key goal after an excellent pass from Seánie McGrath. A score line of 1–15 to 0–14 gave Cork the victory and saw Clare surrender their provincial title for the first time since 1996. Lynch's side, however, still had a chance to reclaim the All-Ireland title via the 'back-door'. A defeat of Galway in a replay set up an All-Ireland semi-final meeting with Kilkenny. Clare were now on a downward spiral as Kilkenny secured a 2–14 to 1–13 victory thanks to D.J. Carey. The next few seasons saw Clare exit the provincial championship at an early stage, while manager Ger Loughnane also departed. In 2002 Clare exited the Munster race at the first hurdle, however, the newly expanded qualifiers system saw Lynch's side record subsequent victories over Dublin, Wexford, Galway and Waterford to reach the All-Ireland final. It was Lynch's second appearance in the championship decider. Kilkenny were the opposition and there was no doubt in the pundits' minds that there would be anything but a victory for 'the Cats'. Henry Shefflin and D.J. Carey combined to score 2–13, while Clare's forwards missed two easy goal chances. At the full-time whistle Kilkenny were the champions by 2–20 to 0–19. Lynch's side faced early defeats in the provincial championships of 2003 and 2004. The team regrouped in the latter year and forced reigning champions Kilkenny to a draw in the All-Ireland quarter-final. 'The Cats' went on to win the replay with five points to spare. Provincial defeat was Clare's lot again in 2005, however, Lynch's side reached the All-Ireland semi-final via the qualifiers. Cork were the opponents that day and found life difficult with a primed Clare team countering their every attack. 'The Rebels' fell behind by seven points at the start of the second-half. A huge performance by Cork turned this deficit around and Lynch's side eventually went on to lose the game by 0–16 to 0–15. Lynch had a chance to level the game with seconds left, however, his shot went wide. Clare reached the All-Ireland semi-final again in 2006, this time with Kilkenny providing the opposition. After a reasonably good performance Clare fell short again as 'the Cats' went on to win the game and later take the All-Ireland title. In 2008 Clare ended their first-round bogey in Munster and reached the final of the competition for the first time since 1999. A resurgent Tipperary provided the opposition on that occasion and an exciting game was expected, however, Tipperary were much too strong for 'the Banner' county. The game was far from a classic as Lynch's side eventually lost by 2–21 to 0–19. This defeat was not the end of the road, as Clare later lined out against Cork in the All-Ireland quarter-final. Clare were the favourites against a Cork side that was seen as past its prime. The team justified their favourites tag as Cork trailed by eight points at half-time. The second half was a different story as Cork took control. At the long whistle Lynch's side were defeated by 2–19 to 2–17. This defeat marked the end for Lynch as he announced his retirement from inter-county hurling just before the start of the 2009 championship. Championship Appearances Scores and results list Clare's tally first. Honours Kilmaley Clare Senior Hurling Championship: Winner (1): 2004 Runner-up (1): 1998 Clare Junior Hurling Championship: Winner (2): 2001, 2006 Runner-up (2): 1999, 1996 Lissycasey Clare Senior Football Championship: Winner (1): 2007 Runner-up (2): 1998, 2006 Clare Intermediate Football Championship: Winner (1): 1994 Clare Junior Football Championship: Winner (1): 1992 Clare All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship: Winner (1): 1997 Runner-up (1): 2002 Munster Senior Hurling Championship: Winner (2): 1997, 1998 Runner-up (1): 1999, 2008 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship: Winner (1): 1993 Munster Junior Hurling Championship: Winner (1): 1993 National Hurling League: Winner (0): Runner-up (2): 2001, 2005 Munster Railway Cup: Winner (1): 1997 Runner-up (1): 2004 References Teams 1974 births Living people Dual players Kilmaley hurlers Lissycasey Gaelic footballers Clare inter-county hurlers Munster inter-provincial hurlers All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners

23570600

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoita%20orbicularis

Hoita orbicularis

Hoita orbicularis is a species of legume known by the common name roundleaf leather-root. It is endemic to California, where it is relatively widespread throughout the state's mountain ranges, growing most often in moist habitat. It is a perennial herb growing prostrate or nearly so at ground level with large leaves each made up of three round leaflets up to long each. The herbage is glandular and often hairy. The inflorescence is an erect raceme which may be up to long. Each of the many flowers is one or two centimeters long, pealike, and generally a shade of light to medium purple in color. The fruit is a hairy, veiny legume pod just under long. External links Jepson Manual Treatment USDA Plants Profile Photo gallery Psoraleeae Flora of California Flora without expected TNC conservation status

23570602

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aza%20Gazgireyeva

Aza Gazgireyeva

Aza Adlopovna Gazgireyeva (; 29 October 1954, Saran, Kazakhstan – 10 June 2009, Nazran), also known as Aza Gazgireeva, was an Ingush jurist who served as the deputy chief justice of the Supreme Court of Ingushetia. She was assassinated in Nazran on 10 June 2009. Gazgireyeva became deputy chief justice on the Ingush Supreme Court following the assassination of her predecessor on the court, Khasan Yandiyev, on 13 April 2008. On 10 June 2009, gunmen opened fire on Gazgireyeva's chauffeur-driven van in the Ingushetian city of Nazran shortly after she dropped her children off at kindergarten. At least one gunman reportedly walked up to Gazgireyeva and shot her in the head. Five other people, including a one-year-old child, were injured during the attack on Gazgireyeva, according to Russian television broadcasts. The gunmen escaped in two cars. Gazgireyeva died at a hospital in Nazran hours after the attack. Gazgireyeva is believed to have been killed because of her work on the court. She oversaw Supreme Court trials involving crimes carried out by Islamic extremists and separatist groups in Russia's North Caucasus region. She may have been targeted for her role in the investigation of a 2004 attack on Ingush police forces by Chechen militants. The chairman of the Ingush Supreme Court, Mikhail Zadvornov, told Russia's Interfax news agency that, "Aza Gazgireyeva was a judge with 25 years experience ... the reason for her murder was her professional activities." Ingushetia's deputy interior minister Valery Zhernov called Gazgireyeva's killing both "brutal" and "brazen". Gazgireyeva's assassination came just eighteen months after the shooting death of her predecessor, Khasan Yandiyev. Her death came amidst a series of attacks on officials in Ingushetia and other parts of Russia's troubled Caucasus region. Adilgerei Magomedtagirov, a Russian general and interior minister of neighboring Dagestan, was shot dead on 5 June 2009. The President of Ingushetia Yunus-Bek Yevkurov was critically wounded in a suicide bombing on 22 June 2009, less than two weeks after Gazgireyeva's death. References 2009 deaths Assassinated Russian people Ingush people People from Ingushetia Russian judges Russian murder victims Place of birth missing Russian women judges 20th-century Russian people 21st-century Russian people 21st-century judges 1954 births 21st-century women judges 20th-century Russian women

23570604

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love%20and%20How%20to%20Cure%20It

Love and How to Cure It

Love and How to Cure It is a 1937 British comedy film directed by Royston Morley, based on a story by Thornton Wilder and starring Sara Gregory, Louise Hampton, Edward Chapman and Athene Seyler. It was made by the BBC for television, but also shown in cinemas as well. References External links 1937 films 1937 comedy films British comedy films English-language films British black-and-white films

23570607

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Horne

George Horne

George Horne may refer to: George Horne (bishop) (1730–1792), Church of England bishop George Horne (ice hockey) (1904–1929), Canadian ice hockey player George Horne (politician) (1811–1873), politician in the electoral district of Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia George Horne (rugby union) (born 1995), Scottish rugby union player See also George Henry Horn (1840–1897), American entomologist

23570612

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goswin%20of%20Anchin

Goswin of Anchin

Goswin was a Benedictine abbot. Born in Douai in 1082, then in the County of Flanders and since 1668 in France, he studied in Paris and afterwards returned to Douai to teach theology. Goswin then entered Anchin Abbey in 1113, in Pecquencourt, near his hometown, and became a Benedictine monk. In 1130 he was made abbot of Anchin Abbey. Goswin died of natural causes in 1165 at Pecquencourt. References 1082 births 1165 deaths 12th-century Christian saints Benedictine abbots Flemish Christian monks French Benedictines 12th-century people from the county of Flanders de:Goswin von Anchin fr:Gossuin d'Anchin

23570627

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20tropical%20storms%20named%20Soudelor

List of tropical storms named Soudelor

The name Soudelor has been used to name three tropical cyclones in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The name was contributed by the Federated States of Micronesia and is the name of a legendary chief of the ancient Saudeleur Dynasty in Pohnpei. Typhoon Soudelor (2003) (T0306, 07W, Egay) – Category 4 typhoon that approached the Philippines, Taiwan, Japan and South Korea Tropical Storm Soudelor (2009) (T0905, 05W, Gorio) – weak storm that struck southern China Typhoon Soudelor (2015) (T1513, 13W, Hanna) – Category 5 super typhoon, had severe impacts in the Northern Mariana Islands, Taiwan, and eastern China The name Soudelor was retired from the Western Pacific naming lists after the 2015 season and replaced with Saudel. Pacific typhoon disambiguation pages

23570631

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haywards%20Heath%20East%20%28electoral%20division%29

Haywards Heath East (electoral division)

Haywards Heath East is an electoral division of West Sussex in the United Kingdom, and returns one member to sit on West Sussex County Council. Extent The division covers the eastern part of the town of Haywards Heath. It comprises the following Mid Sussex District wards: Haywards Heath Bentswood Ward and Haywards Heath Franklands Ward; and of the eastern part of the civil parish of Haywards Heath. On 31 October 2013 John de Mierre died, this necessitated the holding of a bye-election, which was held on 19 December 2013 Election results 2013 Bye-election Results of the bye-election held on 19 December 2013: 2013 Election Results of the election held on 2 May 2013: 2009 Election Results of the election held on 4 June 2009: 2005 Election Results of the election held on 5 May 2005: References Election Results - West Sussex County Council External links West Sussex County Council Election Maps Electoral Divisions of West Sussex Haywards Heath

23570633

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body%20Language%20%28Jesse%20McCartney%20song%29

Body Language (Jesse McCartney song)

"Body Language" is Jesse McCartney's fourth and final single from his album Departure and his second and final single from Departure: Recharged. Release It has been officially announced by McCartney during his tour that this would be his next single during this summer as a follow up to the successful hit "Leavin'" which was released the previous summer as well as the previous singles, "It's Over" and "How Do You Sleep?". It was released as a remix featuring T-Pain. Release and composition The single version featuring T-Pain became available as a digital download on September 8, 2009. It was sent to U.S. radio on the same day. Versions "Body Language (without T-Pain)" – 3:39 "Body Language (feat. T-Pain)" – 3:42 Body Language (Element Club - No Rap) 6:35 Body Language (Element Club) [feat. T-Pain] 6:55 Body Language (Bimbo Jones Dub) 6:40 Body Language (Element Extended Radio Edit - No Rap) 4:53 Body Language (Element Radio Edit) 4:34 Body Language (Element Extended Radio Edit) [feat. T-Pain] 5:22 Body Language (DJ Mike Cruz Tribal Vox Mix [No Drop]) 8:31 Body Language (DJ Mike Cruz Tribal Vox (No Drop Mix)) 8:16 Body Language (DJ Mike Cruz Dubamental) 8:31 Body Language (DJ Mike Cruz Radio Edit) 4:31 Body Language (with T-Pain) (Video) - 3:50 Music video The music video was released on September 8, 2009. The video shows 4 different shots: First- McCartney & T-Pain on the studio, recording the song. Second- McCartney performing the song on his show. Third- Shots of women walking on a beach. Fourth- Shots of McCartney on roller coasters and other rides at Six Flags in Maryland. Chart performance The song debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 chart of September 19, 2009, at number 84. On October 24, 2009, the song re-entered at number 71, and eventually peaked at number 35 on the chart and becoming 5th top 40 song in the country. Charts References 2009 singles Jesse McCartney songs T-Pain songs Hollywood Records singles Songs written by Jesse McCartney 2008 songs Song recordings produced by the Movement (production team)

23570643

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/There%20Ain%27t%20No%20Justice

There Ain't No Justice

There Ain't No Justice is a 1939 British sports drama film directed by Pen Tennyson and starring Jimmy Hanley, Edward Chapman and Edward Rigby. The film is based on the 1937 novel of the same name by James Curtis. Plot summary Tommy Mutch (Jimmy Hanley) is a garage mechanic and small-time boxer. With his family in financial difficulty he needs to find money in a hurry. As luck would have it he meets boxing manager Sammy Sanders (Edward Chapman). Sammy assures Tommy he can get him lucrative main event bouts. Tommy is promoted as the next boxing star which is reinforced with a series of convincing wins. However, Tommy discovers that the bouts were fixed by a gambling syndicate. He realises now that he has been set up by his manager and is expected to take a fall. He has little choice but to go-ahead but needs to come up with a plan. One that will guarantee a financial return for his family while also hitting the syndicates in the pocket. Cast Jimmy Hanley as Tommy Mutch Edward Rigby as Pa Mutch Mary Clare as Ma Mutch Phyllis Stanley as Elsie Mutch Edward Chapman as Sammy Sanders Jill Furse as Connie Fletcher Nan Hopkins as Dot Ducrow Richard Ainley as Billy Frist Gus McNaughton as Alfie Norton Sue Gawthorne as Mrs. Frost Michael Hogarth as Frank Fox Michael Wilding as Len Charteris Richard Norris as Stan Al Millen as Perce John Boxer as Mr Short James Knight as Police Constable Production James Curtis adapted his own novel, There Ain't No Justice to provide the screenplay for the film. He had done so the year before for one of his own novels, They Drive By Night, for the film of the same name. As with that adaptation he found himself having to remove areas of dialogue and story that would not get by the censors of the time. Many of these would be depictions of graphic violence against men rather than the sexual nature of his previous novel. This was the first film directed by Pen Tennyson, who had served as Assistant Director to Alfred Hitchcock from 1934. He would go on to direct two further films before being killed during World War II. The film features an uncredited role by real life boxer Bombardier Billy Wells, best remembered as one of the gongmen featured in the Rank Organisation films logo. Release and reception It was released theatrically in the UK with the slogan "Real people, Real problems, a human document". Due in part to its distinctive realistic portrayal of the boxing world it became a critical success. However, the author Graham Greene, having praised the previous year's James Curtis adaptation (They Drive by Night), was not convinced. He considered the film to be timid and too refined in its depiction of the subject matter. It is available on DVD in the UK on Volume Eight of Network's Ealing Studios Rarities Collection. It is often shown at film revivals in both the US and UK and was shown in May 2010 as part of BFI Southbank's "Capital Tales" season. It was also shown on the London Live television channel on Sunday 13th Sept 2015. References External links There Ain't No Justice at BFI Film Database 1939 films 1930s sports drama films British sports drama films British crime drama films English-language films Films based on British novels 1939 crime drama films British black-and-white films British boxing films Films set in London Ealing Studios films 1939 directorial debut films Films directed by Pen Tennyson Films with screenplays by Pen Tennyson

17327260

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309%202.%20Bundesliga

2008–09 2. Bundesliga

The 2008–09 2. Bundesliga was the 35th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 15 August 2008 and ended on 24 May 2009. SC Freiburg were the first team to win promotion to Bundesliga 2009–10 after securing the 2. Bundesliga championship on 10 May 2009. 1. FSV Mainz 05 were also directly promoted as runners-up after a 4–0 home victory over Rot-Weiß Oberhausen. 1. FC Nürnberg defeated Bundesliga sides Energie Cottbus in a two-legged playoff for one spot in 2009–10 Bundesliga and thus earned promotion as well. Changes from 2007–08 Starting with the 2008–09 season, only two teams are promoted automatically. Two-leg relegation playoffs between the third last team of the Bundesliga and the third team of the 2. Bundesliga at the end of the regular season will be reintroduced. Likewise, instead of formerly four teams only the two bottom teams are relegated to the new 3. Liga automatically. The third last team plays a two-leg playoff against the third team of the third tier over the remaining place in the 2. Bundesliga. Teams Movement between Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga Borussia Mönchengladbach, TSG 1899 Hoffenheim and 1. FC Köln were promoted to Bundesliga after finishing 1st through third in 2. Bundesliga in 2007–08. They were replaced by 1. FC Nürnberg, Hansa Rostock and MSV Duisburg, which were relegated at the end of the 2007–08 Bundesliga season. Movement between 2. Bundesliga and third-level divisions Kickers Offenbach, Erzgebirge Aue, FC Carl Zeiss Jena and SC Paderborn 07 were relegated to the newly formed 3. Liga following the 2007–08 season due to finishing 15th through 18th. They were replaced by the champions and runners-up of both divisions of the 2007–08 Regionalliga. Rot Weiss Ahlen and Rot-Weiss Oberhausen earned promotion in the Regionalliga Nord while FSV Frankfurt and FC Ingolstadt 04 were promoted from the Regionalliga Süd. Stadiums and locations Personnel and sponsoring Managerial changes League table Results Relegation play-offs VfL Osnabrück as 16th-placed team had to face third-placed 3. Liga team SC Paderborn 07 for a two-legged playoff. Paderborn won both matches on an aggregated score of 2–0 and thus secured promotion to 2. Bundesliga 2009–10, while Osnabrück were relegated to 3. Liga 2009–10. Top goalscorers 16 goals Benjamin Auer (Alemannia Aachen) Cédric Makiadi (MSV Duisburg) Marek Mintál (1. FC Nürnberg) 15 goals Sami Allagui (SpVgg Greuther Fürth) Benjamin Lauth (1860 Munich) 14 goals Aristide Bancé (1. FSV Mainz 05) Erik Jendrišek (1. FC Kaiserslautern) Dorge Kouemaha (MSV Duisburg) Michael Thurk (FC Augsburg) 13 goals Mohammadou Idrissou (SC Freiburg) Lars Toborg (Rot Weiss Ahlen) Source:www.kicker.de References External links Official Bundesliga site 2. Bundesliga @ DFB Kicker.de 2. Bundesliga seasons 2008–09 in German football leagues Germany

20464736

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maastrichtian%20dialect

Maastrichtian dialect

Maastrichtian ( ) or Maastrichtian Limburgish ( ) is the dialect and variant of Limburgish spoken in the Dutch city of Maastricht alongside the Dutch language (with which it is not mutually intelligible). In terms of speakers, it is the most widespread variant of Limburgish, and it is a tonal one. Like many of the Limburgish dialects spoken in neighbouring Belgian Limburg, Maastrichtian retained many Gallo-Romance (French and Walloon) influences in its vocabulary. The French influence can additionally be attributed to the historical importance of French with the cultural elite and educational systems as well as the historical immigration of Walloon labourers to the city. Despite being a specific variant of Limburgish, Maastrichtian remains mutually intelligible with other Limburgish variants, especially those of surrounding municipalities. Whilst Maastrichtian is still widely spoken, regardless of social level, research has shown that it is suffering from a degree of dialect loss amongst younger generations. That is the case in dwindling of speakers but also in development of the dialect (dialect levelling) towards Standard Dutch (like the loss of local words and grammar). Geographic distribution, social status and sociolects Maatrichtian being a city dialect, the terminology "Maastrichtian" (Mestreechs) is practically limited to the municipal borders, with the exception of some places within the Maastrichtian municipality where the spoken dialects are in fact not Maastrichtian. These exceptions are previously separate villages and/or municipalities that have merged with the municipality of Maastricht namely Amby, Borgharen, Heer and Itteren. The social status of Maastrichtian speakers is determined by the type of sociolect spoken by a certain person, with a division between Short Maastrichtian or Standard Maastrichtian (Kort Mestreechs, Standaardmestreechs) and Long/Stretched Maastrichtian (Laank Mestreechs). Short Maastrichtian is generally considered to be spoken by the upper and middle classes, whilst Long Maastrichtian is considered to be spoken by the working class. A particular feature of Maastrichtian is that it gives its speakers a certain prestige. Research of the dialect showed that people talking the "purest" form of Maastrichtian, i.e. the Short Maastrichtian (Kort Mestreechs) sociolect, were perceived by others to be the well-educated ones. Written Maastrichtian The oldest known and preserved text in Maastrichtian dates from the 18th century. This text named Sermoen euver de Weurd Inter omnes Linguas nulla Mosa Trajestensi prastantior gehauwe in Mastreeg was presumably written for one of the carnival celebrations and incites people to learn Maastrichtian. As from the 19th century there are more written texts in Maastrichtian, again mostly oriented towards these carnival celebrations. Nowadays however, many other sources display written Maastrichtian, including song texts not written for carnival as well as books, poems, street signs etc. Standardisation and official spelling In 1999, the municipal government recognised a standardised spelling of Maastrichtian made by Pol Brounts and Phil Dumoulin as the official spelling of the dialect. Dictionaries Aarts, F. (2005). Dictionairke vaan 't Mestreechs. (2nd ed.). Maastricht, the Netherlands: Stichting Onderweg. Brounts P., Chambille G., Kurris J., Minis T., Paulissen H. & Simais M. (2004). De Nuie Mestreechsen Dictionair. Maastricht, the Netherlands: Veldeke-Krink Mestreech. Online Dutch to Maastrichtian translation version of De Nuie Mestreechsen Dictionair Other literature on Maastrichtian Aarts, F. (2001). Mestreechs. Eus Moojertoal: 'ne Besjrijving vaan 't dialek vaan Meestreech. Maastricht, the Netherlands: Veldeke-Krink. Aarts, F. (2009). 't Verhaol vaan eus Taol. Maastricht, the Netherlands: Stichting Onderweg. Aarts, F. (2019). Liergaank Mestreechs: 'ne Cursus euver de Mestreechter Toal. Maastricht, the Netherlands. Local anthem In 2002, the municipal government officially adopted a local anthem (Mestreechs Volksleed) composed by lyrics in Maastrichtian. The theme had originally been written by Alfons Olterdissen (1865–1923) as finishing stanza of the Maastrichtian opera "Trijn de Begijn" of 1910. There are claims that the anthem actually originates from "Pe-al nostru steag e scris Unire" by the Romanian composer Ciprian Porumbescu. Wikimedia Wikipedia: Maastrichtian is included in the Limburgish Wikipedia. Since there are only standardised 'variants' of Limburgish but no widely accepted/recognised standardised Limburgish itself, each article is tagged as being written in a certain variant of the language. All articles in Maastrichtian can be found here. Wiktionary: For an overview of some Maastrichtian dialect specific words, their English translations and their origins proceed to this Wiktionary category. Phonology As many other Limburgish dialects, the Maastrichtian dialect features a distinction between Accent 1 and Accent 2, limited to stressed syllables. The former can be analyzed as lexically toneless, whereas the latter as an underlying high tone. Phonetically, syllables with Accent 2 are considerably longer. An example of a minimal pair is 'to rinse' vs. 'to play'. The difference is not marked in the orthography, so that both of those words are spelled speule. are bilabial, whereas are labiodental. is realized as a bilabial approximant in the onset and as labio-velar in the coda. can be analysed as . The long mid monophthongs are monophthongal when combined with Accent 2. When combined with Accent 1, they are all diphthongal: . Phonemically, the first three are close-mid monophthongs , whereas the latter two are phonemic diphthongs ). The open-mid front is diphthongized to in words with Accent 2 when it is a realization of the underlying . The underlying does not participate in tonal distinction, and neither do and . has mostly merged with under the influence of Standard Dutch. A phonemic appears in French loanwords such as tête 'idiot'. Most phonetic instances of in the dialect are monophthongized . The open-mid contrast not only with the close-mid (or their diphthongal counterparts, which are very narrow) but also with the open in (near)-minimal pairs such as eus 'ours' vs. struis vs. käös 'choice'. occurs only in unstressed syllables. Orthography Vocabulary Maastrichtian contains many specific words ample or not used in other Limburgish dialects some being creolisations/"limburgisations" of Dutch, French and German words while others cannot be directly subscribed to one of these languages. (Historical) Vocabulary influences from other languages Maastrichtian vocabulary, as the language family it belongs to suggests, is based on the Germanic languages (apart from the Limburgish language family this also includes varying degrees of influence from both archaic and modern Dutch and German). However, what sets Maastrichtian apart from other variants of Limburgish is its relatively strong influences from French. This is not only because of geographic closeness of a Francophone region (namely Wallonia) to Maastricht but also because of French being the predominant spoken language of the Maastrichtian cultural elite and the higher secondary educational system of the region in the past. Some examples: Francophone influence Germanophone influence Other examples of Maastrichtian vocabulary Some examples of specific Maastrichtian vocabulary: Expressions and Titles Some examples of Maastrichtian expressions: References Bibliography Further reading External links Veldeke Krink Mestreech site in Maastrichtian Central Limburgish dialects Culture of Limburg (Netherlands) Culture in Maastricht Languages of the Netherlands Low Franconian languages City colloquials

20464758

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racing%20Club%20Vichy

Racing Club Vichy

Racing Club Vichy is a French semi-professional rugby union team. They currently play at the Fédérale 2. External links Racing Club Vichy Official Site Vichy

20464773

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsarigradsko%20shose

Tsarigradsko shose

Tsarigradsko shose () is the largest boulevard in the capital of Bulgaria, Sofia. The boulevard provides grade-separated dual carriageway in almost its entire length of 11.4 km, running from the north-west to the south-east. It begins in the city center, at Orlov Most (Eagle's Bridge), before which it is called Tsar Osvoboditel Boulevard. In its east end, at the Sofia Ring Road, the boulevard becomes part of the Trakia motorway (A1). The maximum allowed speed on Tsarigradsko shose is 80 km/h between Orlov Most and Gorublyane neighbourhood. To the south the boulevard borders with Sofia's largest park, the Borisova Gradina, which hosts the Vasil Levski National Stadium and Bulgarian Army Stadium. A number of departments of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences are situated along the road in the area of the Fourth Kilometer Square, as well as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Polygraphic plant, Arena Armeec, Sofia Tech Park and several hotels including the emblematic Pliska Hotel. In the outskirts of the city there are a lot of hypermarkets and office buildings constructed along the boulevard. Reconstruction and resurfacing are ongoing since 2013 to improve safety and comfort. On April 25, 2012, Tsarigradsko shose Metro Station started operation with large underground park-and-ride. Nearby the metro station, the highrise of Capital Fort was completed in 2015. The boulevard bears the old Bulgarian name of the city of Istanbul (medieval Constantinople), Tsarigrad, as it leads southeastwards out of the city, towards Plovdiv and Istanbul. Gallery Streets in Sofia

20464789

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platax%20pinnatus

Platax pinnatus

Platax pinnatus, also known as the pinnate spadefish, pinnate batfish, pinnatus batfish, dusky batfish, shaded batfish, or red-faced batfish is a fish from the western Pacific that occasionally is kept in marine aquariums. Description As a juvenile it is blackish brown, or black with an orange stripe outlining its entire body. Adults become a dull silver. This fish grows to a maximum size of . Importance to humans In the aquarium The pinnate batfish is occasionally kept in marine aquariums. In the wild Platax pinnatus has been observed to significantly reduce algal growths on coral in studies simulating overfishing on the Great Barrier Reef. References fishbase Page on Platax pinnatus page on Platax pinnatus about.com page on Platax pinnatus External links Ephippidae Fish of the Pacific Ocean Fish described in 1758 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus

23570649

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preshute

Preshute

Preshute is a civil parish immediately west and northwest of Marlborough in Wiltshire, England. Unusually for a Wiltshire parish, it does not take its name from any town or village. The population at the 2011 census was 193. The River Kennet and the A4 road cross the parish; the boundary between Marlborough and Preshute is beyond Manton, about along the A4 from the centre of Marlborough. The parish is almost entirely downland and farmland. The settlements are Manton House (with Manton Stables, where racehorses are trained) and the hamlet of Clatford. History In the 12th or 13th century the boundary between Preshute and Marlborough was immediately west of Marlborough Castle and the parish included the villages of Manton and Clatford. In 1925 an eastern section, including Preshute church. was transferred to Marlborough and in 1934 the Marlborough boundary moved further west to include Manton. Church The Anglican Church of St George is at about west of the centre of Marlborough, beyond Marlborough College and just south of the Kennet. It has a 15th-century tower and was restored in 1854 by T.H. Wyatt; it is Grade II* listed and forms part of the Marlborough Benefice. This area was identified as Preshute as recently as the 1961 (7th series) Ordnance Survey map but on current maps and road signs it is part of Manton. School Preshute Primary School is in Manton, outside the parish. See also Marlborough White Horse References External links Civil parishes in Wiltshire

23570657

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Nichols

George Nichols

George Nichols or Nicholls may refer to: Artists George Nichols (actor and director) (1864–1927), American actor and director George Nicholls Jr. (1897–1939), American director and editor Politicians George Nichols (Australian politician) (1809–1857), New South Wales politician George Nicholls (British politician) (1864–1943), British Member of Parliament for North Northamptonshire, 1906–1910 George Nichols (American politician) (1827–1907), Vermont physician, politician, and educator George Nicolls (also spelled Nicholls; c.1884–1942), Sinn Féin politician in the Irish revolutionary period Sports George Nichols (cricketer) (1862–1911), Gloucestershire and Somerset first-class cricketer George Nichols (boxer) (1907–1986), light heavyweight boxer George Nicholls (rugby league) (born 1944), English rugby league footballer George Nicholls (footballer) (b. 1890), English footballer, played for Chelsea, Southend Utd, Ton Pentre, Rochdale, Leyton and Walthamstow Grange Others George Nichols (martyr) (c. 1550–1589), English Catholic martyr George Nicholls (commissioner) (1781–1865), British Poor Law Commissioner George Elwood Nichols (1882–1939), American botanist George Ward Nichols (1831–1885), American journalist See also George Nicol (disambiguation)

23570673

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America%20Square

America Square

America Square is a street and small square in London, off Crosswall and located near Minories. The square was built in about 1760 and dedicated to the American colonies. America Square was developed as part of Square, Crescent and Circus under plans by George Dance the Younger in 1768–1774. The Crescent was built at the expense of Sir Benjamin Hammet, who is commemorated by the name of another street in the area. He was a partner in the City bank of William Esdaile and was also alderman for the ward of Portsoken. Nathan Meyer Rothschild lived at No. 14 in the 19th century. The square was bombed in 1941, and Rothschild's house was demolished. Today, America Square is occupied by offices, restaurants and a gymnasium. The nearest London Underground stations are Tower Hill (to the south) and Aldgate (to the north), and the nearest Docklands Light Railway station is Tower Gateway, on Minories. Also nearby is Fenchurch Street station, a mainline railway terminus with services towards east London and south Essex. References Streets in the City of London

23570677

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haywards%20Heath%20Town%20%28electoral%20division%29

Haywards Heath Town (electoral division)

Haywards Heath Town is an electoral division of West Sussex in the United Kingdom, and returns one member to sit on West Sussex County Council. Extent The division covers the central part of the town of Haywards Heath. It comprises the following Mid Sussex District wards: Haywards Heath Ashenground Ward and Haywards Heath Heath Ward; and of the central part of the civil parish of Haywards Heath. Election results 2013 Election Results of the election held on 2 May 2013: 2009 Election Results of the election held on 4 June 2009: 2005 Election Results of the election held on 5 May 2005: External links West Sussex County Council Election Maps Electoral Divisions of West Sussex Haywards Heath

23570683

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoita%20strobilina

Hoita strobilina

Hoita strobilina is a rare species of legume known by the common name Loma Prieta leatherroot, or Loma Prieta hoita. It is endemic to California, where it is known from occasional occurrences in the San Francisco Bay Area. It grows in chaparral and woodland habitat in the local mountains, often on serpentine soil. This is a perennial herb growing erect, approaching a meter in maximum height. The large leaves are divided into three leaflets each up to 8 centimeters long and lance-shaped to nearly round. The herbage is generally glandular and hairy. The inflorescence is a raceme up to 13 centimeters long containing many pealike flowers. Each flower is purple, sometimes with white parts, and one to two centimeters long. The fruit is a dark brown or black, hairy, veiny legume pod. References External links Jepson Manual Treatment USDA Plants Profile Local Plant Profile Photo gallery Psoraleeae Flora of California

23570692

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westland%20F.7/30

Westland F.7/30

The Westland F.7/30 (or Westland PV.4) was a British fighter prototype. A single prototype was built in 1934, but the type was not put in production because its performance fell far below the RAF's requirements. The Gloster Gladiator won the F.7/30 competition. Development The Westland F.7/30 was designed in response to Air Ministry Specification F.7/30, which was formally issued in October 1931 and subsequently amended many times. It called for a day and night fighter with an armament of four .303-in (7.7-mm) machine guns, a top speed of at least 195 mph (314 km/hr), a high rate of climb, and a low landing speed. Although the specification did not request the use of the Rolls-Royce Goshawk evaporatively-cooled engine, the Air Ministry informally expressed a strong preference for its use and all of the design proposals selected by them for building as prototypes used it. The specification stressed the importance of a good "fighting view" from the cockpit and suggested a low-wing monoplane design as one possible solution to this problem. Another idea suggested was a pusher configuration The designer of the Westland F.7/30, Arthur Davenport, initially opted for a monoplane with the engine buried in the fuselage over the wing centre section, driving a tractor propeller through a long extension shaft. This put the pilot in front of and slightly above the engine, so that he also had an excellent forward view. Concerns about a possibly high landing speed resulted in the conversion of the design to a biplane with a gull wing configuration for the upper wing. In this form the F.7/30 was completed in 1934. It was an elegant, if unconventional biplane. The gulled upper wing and the straight lower wing were connected by N struts and braced by wires. The landing gear was fixed, with main wheels covered by spats. From his high position the pilot had an excellent view forwards, upwards and to the sides, as the cockpit was ahead of the wing leading edge. Initially the cockpit was open, but in two stages this was converted into a fully enclosed cockpit. The machine guns were installed in the cockpit's side walls, two on each side. The initial tail configuration was unusual, the rudder hinge line being vertical when the aircraft was on the ground rather than when in flight. It was hoped that this would improve its effectiveness on the ground, but after testing the aircraft received a larger tailfin of more conventional design. The engine was a Rolls-Royce Goshawk III or IIS, cooled by a radiator that was installed ventrally, aft of the legs of the fixed undercarriage. The position of the engine put the exhausts between the wings, behind and below the cockpit. The performance of the Westland F.7/30, first flown from RAF Andover, fell far short of the F.7/30 specifications: A figure is often given of 185 mph (298 km/hr) at 15,000 feet (4,572 meters) but flight test data of July 1935 revealed that the top speed was a disappointing 146 mph (235 km/hr) at 10,000 feet (3,050 m), nearly 100 mph (160 km/h) slower than the Gloster Gladiator that emerged as the winner of the F.7/30 competition. It also needed 18.8 minutes to reach 20,000 feet (6,100 m), and in view of these disappointing performance figures the type was abandoned. Specifications See also References 1930s British fighter aircraft F.7 30 Cancelled military aircraft projects of the United Kingdom Single-engined tractor aircraft Biplanes Gull-wing aircraft Aircraft first flown in 1934

23570708

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Want%20to%20Walk%20You%20Home

I Want to Walk You Home

"I Want to Walk You Home" is a July 1959 R&B/pop single by Fats Domino. The single would be the last of Domino's releases to hit number one on the R&B chart. "I Want to Walk You Home" stayed at the top spot for a single week and also peaked at number eight on the Billboard Hot 100. Cover versions In 2007, the song was covered by Paul McCartney who sung it, and Allen Toussaint playing the piano, as their contribution to Goin' Home: A Tribute to Fats Domino (Vanguard). References 1959 singles Fats Domino songs 1959 songs Songs written by Fats Domino Imperial Records singles

23570725

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gandhola%20Monastery

Gandhola Monastery

Gandhola Monastery (Gaṅdolā, also called Gondla, Gondhla, Kundlah, or Guru Ghantal Gompa) is about before Keylong in Lahaul and Spiti district, Himachal Pradesh, India on the road from Manali, Himachal Pradesh. It is located on a hill above Tupchiling Village at the sacred junction of the Chandra and Bhaga rivers, which together form the Chandrabhaga or Chenab River. The village is at 3,160 m (10,370 ft) and is famous for its 7-storey tower fort. History The monastery is said to have been founded by Padmasambhava in the 8th century. It is now connected with the Drukpa Lineage of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism, but its history long precedes the formation of that sect. According to local tradition and also the terma, the Padma bka'i thang, discovered in 1326 in the Yarlung Valley by Urgyan Lingpa, the site was associated with Padmasambhava. But the site was a Buddhist establishment even earlier than that: A chased copper goblet dated to the first century BCE was found here in 1857 by a Major Hay and is considered to be evidence of Buddhist monks' cells being located in a cave monastery at that time. The frieze on the vase denotes a chariot procession and is considered one of the oldest examples of metalwork to be decorated in this way in India. Known as the Kulu Vase, it is now kept in the British Museum. A damaged marble head of Avalokiteśvara also found here, is kept in the Guru Ghantal Monastery itself, and is claimed to date back to the time of Nagarjuna in the second century. This seems to be the only monastery in the region other than Sani Monastery in Zanskar which has a history which is claimed to go back to the era of the Kushan Empire. There is also a black stone image of the goddess Vajreśvarī Devī (), and a wooden statue of the Buddha said to have been installed by the monk Rinchen Zangpo (958-1055), a famous lotsawa (translator of Sanskrit Buddhist texts). The monastery was originally probably a larger complex of purely Indian style of which nothing now remains. The present structure is two-storied, 17.3 x 11.6 metres facing the northwest. The Assembly Hall or is on the ground floor. In 1959 the monastery underwent extensive repairs and a small pagoda roof of Kangra slates was added in a rather haphazard manner, which is surrounded by the mud roof which covers the monks' cells and kitchen on the second floor. The monastery has distinctive wooden (as opposed to clay) idols of Padmasambhava, Brijeshwari Devi and several other lamas. Gandhola, like all the Drukpa monasteries in Ladakh and Lahaul and Spiti, owes allegiance to the 12th Gyalwang Drukpa, abbot of Hemis Monastery in Ladakh, who, in turn, owes allegiance to the head of the order in Bhutan. Gandhola is also famous for its seven story fort with alternating layers of stone and timber, which was once the seat of the local ṭhākur or chieftain, but is no longer occupied. It is a walk from the village of Tupchilling, in which the monastery is set. it was built by Raja Man Singh, the ruler of the Kulu Kingdom in the early 1700s as a castle for the local ṭhākur. Gallery Footnotes References Handa, O. C. (1987). Buddhist Monasteries in Himachal Pradesh. Indus Publishing Company, New Delhi. . Kapadia, Harish. (1999). Spiti: Adventures in the Trans-Himalaya. Second Edition. Indus Publishing Company, New Delhi. . Janet Rizvi. (1996). Ladakh: Crossroads of High Asia. Second Edition. Oxford University Press, Delhi. . Cunningham, Alexander. (1854). LADĀK: Physical, Statistical, and Historical with Notices of the Surrounding Countries. London. Reprint: Sagar Publications (1977). Francke, A. H. (1977). A History of Ladakh. (Originally published as, A History of Western Tibet, (1907). 1977 Edition with critical introduction and annotations by S. S. Gergan & F. M. Hassnain. Sterling Publishers, New Delhi. Francke, A. H. (1914, 1926). Antiquities of Indian Tibet. Two Volumes. Calcutta. 1972 reprint: S. Chand, New Delhi. Rose, H. A., et al. (1911). Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province. Reprint 1990. Asian Educational Services. . Sarina Singh, et al. India. (2007). 12th Edition. Lonely Planet. . Buddhist monasteries in Himachal Pradesh 996 establishments Drukpa Kagyu monasteries and temples Buddhism in Lahaul and Spiti district 10th-century establishments in India Buildings and structures in Lahaul and Spiti district

23570740

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20colonial%20governors%20of%20Sierra%20Leone

List of colonial governors of Sierra Leone

This is a list of colonial administrators in Sierra Leone from the establishment of the Province of Freedom Colony by the Committee for the Relief of the Black Poor which lasted between 1787 and 1789 and the list of colonial administrators of the Colony of Sierra Leone and the settlement of Freetown established by the Sierra Leone Company in March 1792 until Sierra Leone's independence in 1961. Administrator (1787) of the Granville Town Settlement On 14 May 1787, the Province of Freedom was founded by the Committee for the Relief of the Black Poor for freed slaves. B. Thompson (14 May – September 1787) Governor (1787–1789) of the Granville Town Settlement On 22 August 1788, the Province of Freedom and land along the Freetown peninsula was granted to Captain John Taylor of . In 1789, it was abandoned. John Taylor (August 1788 – 1789) Agent (1791–1792) of the new Granville Town Settlement In January 1791, the Granville Town was restored by the St. George Bay Company. Alexander Falconbridge (January 1791 – March 1792) Superintendent (1792) of the Colony of Sierra Leone and settlement of Freetown In 1792, Freetown was founded as the main town of the newly established Colony of Sierra Leone John Clarkson (March – July 1792) Governors (1792–1827) of the Colony of Sierra Leone John Clarkson (July – 31 December 1792) William Dawes (31 December 1792 – March 1794) (1st time) Zachary Macaulay (March 1794 – 6 May 1795) (1st time) William Dawes (6 May 1795 – March 1796) (2nd time) Zachary Macaulay (March 1796 – April 1799) (2nd time) John Gray (April – May 1799) (1st time) On 5 July 1799, the Province of Freedom was renamed Sierra Leone. Thomas Ludlam (May 1799 – 1800) (1st time) John Gray (1800 – January 1801) (2nd time) William Dawes (January 1801 – February 1803) (3rd time) William Day (February 1803 – 1803) (1st time) Thomas Ludlam (1803–1805) (2nd time) William Day (1805 – 4 November 1805) (2nd time) On 1 January 1808, Sierra Leone (including coastal area) becomes Crown colony of the United Kingdom, and Sierra Leone Company rule was ended. Thomas Ludlam (1806 – 21 July 1808) (3rd time, acting to 1 January 1808) Thomas Perronet Thompson (21 July 1808 – 12 February 1810) Edward H. Columbine (12 February 1810 – May 1811) Robert Bones (May – 1 July 1811) (acting) Charles William Maxwell (1 July 1811 – July 1815) Charles MacCarthy (July – December 1814) (1st time, acting for Maxwell) J. Mailing (December 1814 – January 1815) (acting for Maxwell) R. Purdie (January – March 1815) (acting for Maxwell) William Appleton (March – June 1815) (acting for Maxwell) Captain Henry Barry Hyde (June – July 1815) (acting for Maxwell) Charles MacCarthy (from 1820, Sir Charles Macarthy) (July 1815 – July 1820) (2nd time, acting to 1 January 1816) Sir Alexander Grant (28 July 1820 – 1 February 1821) (1st time, acting) E. Burke (1 February 1821 – 4 February 1821) (acting) On 17 October 1821, Sierra Leone territory becomes part of British West African Territories. Its Governorship was held simultaneously by Governor (from 1827 until 1837 Lieutenant governor) of Sierra Leone. Sir Alexander Grant (4 February 1821 – 28 November 1821) (2nd time, acting) Sir Charles MacCarthy (November 1821 – 21 January 1824) (3rd time) Daniel Molloy Hamilton (21 January – 5 February 1824) (acting) Major-General Sir Charles Turner (5 February 1824 – 7 March 1826) Kenneth Macaulay (colonialist) and Samuel Smart (1st time) (8 March – August 1826) (acting) Sir Neil Campbell (August 1826 – December 1827) Lieutenant governors (1827–1837) of the Colony of Sierra Leone Hugh Lumley (December 1827 – 1828) (1st time) Dixon Denham (1828 – 8 May 1828) Hugh Lumley (9 June – July 1828) (2nd time) Samuel Smart (July – November 1828) (2nd time, acting) Major Henry John Ricketts (November 1828 – 1829) (acting) Augustine Fitzgerald Evans (1829–1830) (acting) Alexander Maclean Fraser (1830) (acting) Alexander Findlay (1830 – July 1833) Michael Linning Melville (July – December 1833) (acting) Octavius Temple (December 1833 – 1834) Thomas Cole (1834 – February 1835) (1st time, acting) Henry Dundas Campbell (February 1835 – 1837) Thomas Cole (1837) (2nd time, acting) Governors (1837–1961) of the Colony of Sierra Leone Richard Doherty (1837–1840) John Jeremie (1840 – April 1841) John Carr (April – September 1841) (acting) William Fergusson (September 1841 – January 1842) (1st time, acting) George Macdonald (January 1842 – July 1844) William Fergusson (July 1844 – 1845) (2nd time) On 13 January 1850, the British West African Territories was dissolved and Sierra Leone again becomes a separate crown colony. Norman William MacDonald (1845–1852) Sir Arthur Edward Kennedy (13 September 1852 – 1854) (1st time) Robert Dougan (1854) (1st time, acting) Sir Stephen John Hill (1854–1855) (1st time) Robert Dougan (1855) (2nd time) Sir Stephen John Hill (1855–1859) (2nd time) Alexander Fitzjames (1859–1860) Sir Stephen John Hill (1860–1861) (3rd time) William Hill and T. H. Smith (1861–1862) (acting) Samuel Wensley Blackall (1862–1865) (1st time) William John Chamberlayne (1865 – 19 February 1866) (acting) On 19 February 1866, Sierra Leone territory becomes part of the British West African Settlements. Its Governorship was held simultaneously by Governor of Sierra Leone. Samuel Wensley Blackall (19 February 1866 – 1867) (2nd time) Gustavus Nigel Kingscote Anker Yonge (1867) (acting) Samuel Wensley Blackall (1867–1868) (3rd time) John Jennings Kendall (1868–1869) (1st time, acting) Sir Arthur Edward Kennedy (1869–1871) (2nd time) John Jennings Kendall (1871) (2nd time, acting) Ponsonby Sheppard (1871) (acting) Sir Arthur Edward Kennedy (1871 – January 1872) (3rd time) John Jennings Kendall (January – February 1872) (3rd time, acting) John Pope Hennessy (February 1872 – 7 March 1873) Robert William Keate (7–17 March 1873) Alexander Bravo and Robert William Harley (17 March – 2 October 1873) (acting) Sir Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley (2 October 1873 – 4 March 1874) George Berkeley (4 March – 17 December 1874) On 17 December 1874, British West African Settlements was renamed British West Africa Settlements. George French (17 December 1874 – 1875) (acting) Cornelius Hendricksen Kortright (1875) (1st time) Sir Samuel Rowe (1875–1876) (1st time) Cornelius Hendricksen Kortright (1876–1877) (2nd time) Horatio James Huggins (1877) (acting) Sir Samuel Rowe (September 1877 – 1880) (2nd time) William Streeten (1880–1881) (acting) Sir Samuel Rowe (1881) (3rd time) Francis Frederick Pinkett (1881) (1st time, acting) Arthur Elibank Havelock (1881–1883) (1st time) Francis Frederick Pinkett (1883) (2nd time, acting) Arthur Elibank Havelock (1883–1884) (2nd time) Arthur M. Tarleton (1884) (acting) Francis Frederick Pinkett (1884–1885) (3rd time, acting) Sir Samuel Rowe (1885–1886) (4th time) Sir James Shaw Hay (1886–1887) (1st time, acting) Sir Samuel Rowe (1887–1888) (5th time) John Meredith Maltby (1888) (1st time, acting) On 28 November 1888, the British West Africa Settlements was dissolved and Sierra Leone again becomes a separate crown colony. Sir James Shaw Hay (1888–1889) (2nd time, acting to 24 November 1888) William Gordon Patchett and Sydney Francis Foster (1889) (acting) John Meredith Maltby (1889–1890) (2nd time) Sir James Shaw Hay (1890–1891) (3rd time) John Joseph Crooks (1891–1892) (acting) William Hollingworth Quayle Jones (1892) (1st time, acting) Francis Fleming (1892–1893) (1st time) William Hollingworth Quayle Jones (1893) (2nd time, acting) Francis Fleming (1893–1894) (2nd time) William Hollingworth Quayle Jones (1894) (3rd time, acting) Frederic Cardew (1894–1895) (1st time) J. E. Caulfield (1895 – 24 August 1895) (1st time, acting) On 24 August 1895, hinterland of Sierra Leone becomes British protectorate, and crown colony was renamed Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate. Frederic Cardew (from 22 June 1897, Sir Frederic Cardew) (24 August 1895 – 1897) (2nd time) James Cassamaijor Gore (1897) (acting) J. E. Caulfield (1897) (2nd time, acting) Sir Frederic Cardew (1897–1899) (3rd time) Matthew Nathan (1899) (acting) Sir Frederic Cardew (1899–1900) (4th time) Caulfield (1900 – 11 December 1900) (3rd time, acting) Sir Charles King-Harman (11 December 1900 – 3 October 1904) Lieutenant-Colonel Frederick Thomas Henstock (1902) (acting while King-Harman was in the UK) Colonel John Willoughby Astley Marshall (18 September 1902 – 4 October 1902) (acting while King-Harman was in the UK) Colonel Francis John Graves (4 October 1902 – ) (acting while King-Harman was in the UK) Sir Leslie Probyn (3 October 1904 – 1910) Sir Edward Marsh Merewether (1910–1913) (1st time) Claud Hollis (1913) (acting) Sir Edward Marsh Merewether (1913–1916) (2nd time) Sir Richard James Wilkinson (9 March 1916 – 1921) (1st time) John C. Maxwell (1921) (acting) Sir Richard James Wilkinson (1921 – 4 May 1922) (2nd time) Alexander Ransford Slater (from 1924, Sir Alexander Ransford Slater) (4 May 1922 – 24 September 1927) Sir Joseph Aloysius Byrne (24 September 1927 – 1929) (1st time) Mark Aitchison Young (1929–1930) (acting) Sir Joseph Aloysius Byrne (1930 – 23 May 1931) (2nd time) Sir Arnold Wienholt Hodson (23 May 1931 – 17 July 1934) Sir Henry Monck-Mason Moore (17 July 1934 – 21 May 1937) Sir Douglas James Jardine (21 May 1937 – 5 July 1941) Sir Hubert Craddock Stevenson (5 July 1941 – September 1947) Sir George Beresford-Stooke (September 1947 – December 1952) Sir Robert de Zouche Hall (December 1952 – 1 September 1956) Maurice Henry Dorman (from 2 January 1957, Sir Maurice Henry Dorman) (1 September 1956 – 27 April 1961) In 1961, Sierra Leone achieved independence from the United Kingdom. After independence, the viceroy in Sierra Leone was the Governor-General of Sierra Leone. See also History of Sierra Leone President of Sierra Leone List of heads of state of Sierra Leone List of heads of government of Sierra Leone References Worldstatesmen.org: Sierra Leone Guinness Book of Kings, Rulers & Statesmen, Clive Carpenter, Guinness Superlatives Ltd African States and Rulers, John Stewart, McFarland Sierra Leone British West Africa History of Sierra Leone Political office-holders in Sierra Leone

23570742

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben%20Johnson%3A%20Third%20Cowboy%20on%20the%20Right

Ben Johnson: Third Cowboy on the Right

Ben Johnson: Third Cowboy on the Right is a 1996 documentary film about the life of actor Ben Johnson. The film was directed by Tom Thurman and written by Thurman and Tom Marksbury. External links Ben Johnson: Third Cowboy on the Right at the Internet Movie Database 1996 films American films English-language films American documentary films Documentary films about actors 1996 documentary films

23570743

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS%20Express%20%281940%29

SS Express (1940)

SS Express was a Type C3-E cargo ship of American Export Lines that was sunk by in June 1942 in the Indian Ocean. The ship, built in 1940 by Bethlehem Shipbuilding in Quincy, Massachusetts, was one of eight sister ships built for the United States Maritime Commission on behalf of American Export Lines. Out of a total of 55 men aboard the ship at the time of her torpedoing, 13 were killed; most of the other 42 landed on the coast of Mozambique six days after the sinking. Career SS Express was a cargo ship laid down (yard no. 1477) by Bethlehem Shipbuilding of Quincy, Massachusetts, for the United States Maritime Commission on behalf of American Export Lines. The ship, one of eight sister ships built for American Export by Bethlehem Shipbuilding, was launched (ship) on 9 March 1940, and delivered to American Export on 18 April. The ship, registered at , was in length, abeam, and drew, . She had three decks, and could accommodate a crew of 10 officers and 35 men. To move her at her reported top speed of , Express was equipped with two steam turbines, both also built by Bethlehem Shipbuilding. At some point near when the United States entered World War II in December 1941, the ship was armed with one deck gun and four machine guns, and carried a complement of ten Naval Armed Guardsmen to man them. On 18 June 1942, Express sailed from Bombay, India, for Cape Town, South Africa, with a cargo of manganese ore, jute, leather, and other goods. At 00:30 on 30 June, while navigating almost due south on a zig-zag course near position , a star shell fired by illuminated the sky at almost the same time that two torpedoes from the same submarine hit their mark on Express. The first torpedo struck the cargo ship at waterline on the starboard side near the no. 7 hatch. The second torpedo, which hit five seconds after the first, hit at the no. 5 hatch. The explosions blew off the hatch covers, knocked out the guns, and destroyed the radio, preventing a distress call. The ship began sinking by the stern almost immediately, and the officers, crew, and Naval Armed Guard detachment took to the lifeboats. Because Express was still underway even while sinking, two of the three boats launched were swamped; the thirteen men aboard the no. 1 boat, one of the pair swamped, all drowned. The no. 2 boat, with 41 men aboard, made landfall on the coast of Mozambique six days after the sinking. Another crewman—who had originally been on a life raft, but moved to a water-filled lifeboat—was rescued by a Dutch tanker and landed at Cape Town. Notes References Type C3-E ships Ships built in Quincy, Massachusetts 1940 ships World War II merchant ships of the United States Ships sunk by Japanese submarines World War II shipwrecks in the Indian Ocean Maritime incidents in June 1942

23570755

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crosswall

Crosswall

Crosswall is a street in the City of London. At its western end, the street begins at a junction with Crutched Friars and Cooper's Row. At its eastern end, the street is a turn off Minories. It is home to America Square, the City of London Medical Centre, and a number of bar-restaurants and offices. Crosswall was named as it crossed the old Roman wall, which was discovered after the bombing of 1940. Previously the street had been named John Street, after King John. The nearest mainline railway station is Fenchurch Street, and the nearest London Underground station is Tower Hill. References Streets in the City of London

23570779

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s%20Government

People's Government

People's Government might refer to: Central People's Government (since 1949), the central government of the People's Republic of China New People's Government (1929–1931), a Korean anarchist organization in Manchuria Fujian People's Government (1933–1934), anti-Kuomintang government in the Fujian Province of the Republic of China People's Government of Lithuania (1940), Soviet-backed government to legitimize the Soviet occupation of Lithuania Azerbaijan People's Government (1945–1946), Soviet-backed client state in northern Iran People's Revolutionary Government (1979–1983), government of Grenada after a revolution by New Jewel Movement The People's Government (2019–present), a name for the Second Johnson ministry used by Prime Minister Boris Johnson's Conservative government of the United Kingdom after the 2019 UK general election.

23570781

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitebrook%20Halt%20railway%20station

Whitebrook Halt railway station

Whitebrook Halt was a request stop on the former Wye Valley Railway. It was built in 1927 to serve the village of Whitebrook and opened in February that year. It was closed in 1959 when passenger services were withdrawn from the Wye Valley Railway. The station came too late to make full use out of the village's industry. Whitebrook had once been home to three paper mills. However, paper making ceased in Whitebrook in the early 1880s, only four years after the line opened in 1876. The halt was not built until long after the closure of the paper mills. References Disused railway stations in Monmouthshire Transport in Monmouthshire History of Monmouthshire Former Great Western Railway stations Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1927 Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1959

23570784

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henfield%20%28electoral%20division%29

Henfield (electoral division)

Henfield is an electoral division of West Sussex in the United Kingdom and returns one member to sit on West Sussex County Council. The current County Councillor, Lionel Barnard, is also Deputy Leader of West Sussex County Council. Extent The division covers the town of Henfield; and the villages of Cowfold, Dial Post, Partridge Green, Shermanbury and West Grinstead. It comprises the following Horsham District wards: Cowfold, Shermanbury & West Grinstead Ward and Henfield Ward; and of the following civil parishes: Cowfold, the northern part of Henfield, Shermanbury and West Grinstead. Election results 2013 Election Results of the election held on 2 May 2013: 2009 Election Results of the election held on 4 June 2009: 2005 Election Results of the election held on 5 May 2005: References Election Results - West Sussex County Council External links West Sussex County Council Election Maps Electoral Divisions of West Sussex

23570790

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondo%20libro%20di%20toccate%20%28Frescobaldi%29

Secondo libro di toccate (Frescobaldi)

Il secondo libro di toccate ("The Second Book of Toccatas") is a collection of keyboard music by Girolamo Frescobaldi, first published in 1627. A work of immense historical importance, it includes the first known chaconne and passacaglia, as well as the earliest set of variations on an original theme (i.e. not a popular song, as in all earlier music). Il secondo libro di toccate is widely regarded as a high point in Frescobaldi's oeuvre. History Like Frescobaldi's first book of toccatas (1615), Il secondo libro di toccate contains compositions in various forms: 11 toccatas 6 canzonas 4 hymns 3 Magnificats 5 gagliarde (galliards) 6 correntes 4 partitas Accordingly, the full title of the collection is Il secondo libro di toccate, canzone, versi d'hinni, Magnificat, gagliarde, correnti et altre partite d'intavolatura di cembalo et organo. It was first published in Rome in 1627, when Frescobaldi worked as organist of St. Peter's Basilica. The print was engraved by Nicolò Borbone, musician and instrument builder with whom Frescobaldi had worked since at least 1613. The composer dedicated the book to Monsignor Luigi Gallo, Bishop of Ancona and nuncio of Savoy, a skilled keyboard player who may have been one of his pupils. A second printing appeared in 1637, identical to the first, except without the ostinato variations. Il secondo libro di toccate introduces two important deviations from Frescobaldi's usual practice. First and foremost, it contains several liturgical pieces, the composer's first forays into the field of sacred keyboard music (although he did compose sacred vocal music: two collections of motets, one of which is lost, were published in late 1620s, and standalone motets survive in manuscripts; Frescobaldi would later publish a large volume of liturgical organ pieces, Fiori musicali, one of his most highly regarded and influential works). Secondly, the book contains Frescobaldi's only known intabulation (of Jacques Arcadelt's madrigal Ancidetemi, pur), perhaps included as a homage to one of the oldest forms of keyboard music. Notes References Alexander Silbiger. "Girolamo Frescobaldi", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy, grovemusic.com (subscription access). External links Compositions by Girolamo Frescobaldi Compositions for keyboard Fresccobaldi 1627 in music

23570796

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steen%20Pade

Steen Pade

Steen Pade (born 1956) is a Danish composer. He studied composition with Ib Nørholm, Per Nørgård, and Karl Aage Rasmussen. From 1992 to 2007 he was director (principal) of the Royal Danish Academy of Music. External links Biography of Pade at naxos.com Article on Pade in Den Store Danske (in Danish) Living people 1956 births Danish classical composers Danish male classical composers 20th-century classical composers 21st-century classical composers Royal Danish Academy of Music faculty Place of birth missing (living people) Pupils of Per Nørgård 20th-century Danish male musicians 21st-century male musicians

23570803

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesuits%2C%20etc.%20Act%201584

Jesuits, etc. Act 1584

An act against Jesuits, seminary priests, and such other like disobedient persons, also known as the Jesuits, etc. Act 1584, (27 Eliz.1, c. 2) was an Act of the Parliament of England passed during the English Reformation. The Act commanded all Roman Catholic priests to leave the country within 40 days or they would be punished for high treason, unless within the 40 days they swore an oath to obey the Queen. Those who harboured them, and all those who knew of their presence and failed to inform the authorities, would be fined and imprisoned for felony, or if the authorities wished to make an example of them, they might be executed for treason. Anyone who was brought up as a Jesuit overseas (i.e. if they were educated abroad in a Jesuit seminary) had to return to England within six months, and then within two days of arriving swear to submit to the Queen and also take the oath required by the Act of Supremacy 1558. Failure to do so was treason. Any person who did take the oath was forbidden from coming within 10 miles of the Queen for 10 years, unless they had her personal written permission. Again, failure to observe this requirement was treason. Enforcement of the Act Under Elizabeth I The Act was enforced with great severity in the last decades of Elizabeth's reign. It may well be that at first the English Government believed that deporting priests would be an adequate solution to the Catholic problem (this was certainly to be King James I's view later): if so they quickly decided that harsher measures were necessary. About 200 English Catholics perished between 1584 and 1603, of whom the great majority were priests, despite the Government's protests that no-one was being persecuted solely on account of their religion. The justification for rigorous enforcement of the statute was that during the war with Spain, the loyalty of all English Catholics, and especially priests, must be regarded as suspect. However the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 did not, as might have been expected, lead to relaxation of the persecution. Of the laity who suffered under the Act of 1584, probably the best known is Margaret Clitherow of York. Charged in 1586 with harbouring priests, (among them Francis Ingleby) she refused to plead to her indictment (probably to shield her children from being interrogated or tortured), and was executed by the gruesome process of peine forte et dure (being pressed to death). Such severity towards a lay person, especially a woman, was unusual. For example there is no record of any legal proceedings being taken against Anne, Lady Arundell, widow of Sir John Arundell of Lanherne, for harbouring the Catholic martyr Father John Cornelius, who was executed in 1594: Lady Arundell retrieved his body to give him proper burial. After Elizabeth I After the death of Elizabeth I in 1603 the statute gradually fell into disuse. The Stuart dynasty which succeeded her was in general disposed to religious toleration, and the Treaty of London of 1604 which ended the Anglo-Spanish War removed one obvious justification for persecution, as it could no longer be argued that English Catholics were potential agents for a hostile foreign power. Although James I felt it politically prudent to give his assent to the Act of 1604, which strengthened the statute of 1584, and as a result a number of priests were put to death, of whom probably the best known is Father John Sugar, the King by his own admission was opposed to the execution of priests. There was a brief revival of anti-Catholic sentiment caused by the discovery of the Gunpowder Plot in 1605, but it seems to have largely died away by 1612. Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, the dominant figure in the English government from 1603 to 1612, detested Jesuits, but admitted that he had qualms about enforcing the statute of 1584 against other priests, most of whom he thought were loyal enough at heart. King James shared these scruples, saying that he thought banishment a sufficient punishment. Prosecutions of members of the Catholic laity for harbouring priests ceased after about 1616. Protestant sheriffs and justices of the peace were notably unwilling to enforce the law against their Catholic neighbours, even in such blatant cases as the Welsh squire Thomas Gunter of Gunter Mansion, Abergavenny, who in 1678 told the local vicar cheerfully that "he had kept a priest in Oliver Cromwell's time, and would keep one now". This tolerant attitude made it impossible to enforce the Penal Laws against the upper classes: in 1613 the justices of the peace of Northamptonshire remarked casually that due to their high regard for Sir Thomas Brudenell (later the 1st Earl of Cardigan), they had repeatedly dismissed charges of recusancy against him and numerous members of his family. No priests were executed in the period 1618-1625, only one was executed in the period 1625-1640, and after a brief revival of persecution during the English Civil War, only two more were executed between 1646 and 1660. The Popish Plot Following the Restoration of Charles II, under the tolerant rule of a monarch who was himself inclined to the Catholic religion, the Government was content to periodically issue orders for all priests to leave England, without any expectation that the orders would be complied with. The statute of 1584 was regarded as effectively a dead letter, until the outbreak of the Popish Plot in the autumn of 1678 led to its unexpected revival. Despite the King's known Catholic sympathies, the public atmosphere of hysteria was such that he had no choice but to revert to strict enforcement of the Penal Laws. Under a Proclamation of 20 November 1678 all priests were to be arrested. They were to be denied the usual 40 days of grace to leave the country: instead they were to be held in prison "in order to their trial". As J.P. Kenyon remarks, these five simple words launched a vicious pogrom against the Catholic priesthood which continued for the next two years. Priests who had been working undisturbed in England for decades suddenly found themselves facing the death penalty. In theory Scots and Irish priests were exempt from the statute, if they could show that their presence in England was temporary. Even during the Popish Plot, a number of priests were acquitted on that ground, although the Irish Franciscan Father Charles Mahoney was executed in 1679, despite his plea that at the time of his arrest he was passing through England on his way to France. An Irish priest might also be able to plead that he had signed the Remonstrance of 1671, by which he gave his primary allegiance to the King, not the Pope. These priests, known as the Remonstrants, were left in peace even at the height of the Plot hysteria. Although it was not technically a defence under the statute of 1584, a priest who could prove that he had taken the Oath of Allegiance to the Crown was unofficially entitled to a reprieve: Charles Carne, Andrew Bromwich and Lionel Anderson were among those who successfully pleaded that they had taken the Oath. During the Plot pleas for clemency were generally rejected out of hand, but in a few cases, such as David Kemiss and William Atkins, the accused was spared the death penalty on the grounds of extreme old age. Even the vehemently anti-Catholic Lord Chief Justice Sir William Scroggs approved of the Crown showing mercy in such cases, in order "that the world may not say that we are grown barbarous and inhumane". No serious effort was made to revive prosecutions of the laity for harbouring priests. The Government did issue two proclamations reminding the public that this was a felony which in theory rendered them liable to the death penalty, but no action was taken against those laymen, like Thomas Gunter, Gervaise Pierrepont, Sir John Southcote and Sir James Poole, 1st Baronet, in whose houses priests were arrested. Anti-Catholic sentiment gradually died away, more speedily in the provinces where many of the priests who died were venerable and respected local figures. In June 1679 the King issued an order that all priests condemned under the statute of 1584 after 4 June should be reprieved until his further will was known. Kenyon suggests that the Government at this point simply had no idea what to do next. In the event, the reprieve for priests condemned after that date became permanent. This however was too late to save those already condemned, and over the summer of 1679, despite mounting public unease, at least fourteen priests were executed or died in prison. Persecution continued to wane in 1680: at least ten more priests were prosecuted under the statute of 1584, but it seems that all of them were acquitted or reprieved. After the Plot Under the openly Catholic King James II, all persecution of Catholics ceased early in 1685. A revival of anti-Catholic feeling after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 caused the Government to pass one final Penal Law, the Popery Act 1698. This sought to strengthen the statute of 1584 by providing that anyone who apprehended a Catholic priest should receive a reward of £100: in effect this was a bounty for catching priests. The severity of this provision was mitigated by Section III, commuting the death sentence for priests to perpetual imprisonment. There is little evidence that the 1698 Act was enforced strictly. Kenyon suggests that the obvious decline in numbers of the English Catholic community in the eighteenth century was due to financial penalties, such as the double land tax imposed on Catholics in 1692, rather than to overt persecution. The end of the Penal Laws The "bounty" provisions of the 1698 Act were repealed by the first Catholic relief measure, the Papists Act 1778. However the 1778 Act produced a revival of anti-Catholic feeling which erupted in the Gordon Riots of 1780, in which hundreds of people died. This reaction may have delayed further relief measures, but by 1791 the Government felt it safe to finally legalise the Catholic priesthood. Under the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1791 the Elizabethan Laws were repealed, and it became lawful, although under strictly controlled conditions, to act as a priest in England and to celebrate Mass. 1995 court case The execution of a Catholic priest under the Act in 1594 became the subject of a court case 401 years later. In 1995 a church applied to the consistory court in Durham for a faculty (planning permission) to display a memorial plaque on the church door, in memory of the dead priest. Even though the 1584 Act had been repealed long ago, the priest's conviction had not been quashed, and so the court could not permit it: In 2008 the Oxford Consistory Court (presided over by the same judge) declined to follow that case as a precedent, on the grounds that "that decision had failed to take account of the commemoration of English saints and martyrs of the Reformation era in the Church of England's calendar of festivals. As such a commemoration was permitted in an authorised service, it would have been inconsistent not to permit commemoration of similar persons by a memorial." See also High treason in the United Kingdom Religion Act 1580 Safety of the Queen, etc. Act 1584 (27 Eliz.1, c. 1) Penal law (British) References External links Acts of the Parliament of England concerning religion 1584 in law 1584 in England Treason in England Anti-Catholicism in England

17327264

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%E2%80%9310%202.%20Bundesliga

2009–10 2. Bundesliga

The 2009–10 2. Bundesliga was the 36th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 7 August 2009 and ended on 9 May 2010. A winter break was held between 21 December 2009 and 14 January 2010, though the period has been reduced from six to three weeks. Teams 2008–09 2. Bundesliga champions SC Freiburg and runners-up 1. FSV Mainz 05 were promoted to the 2009–10 Bundesliga. They were replaced by Karlsruher SC and Arminia Bielefeld, who finished 17th and 18th respectively in the 2008–09 Bundesliga season. FC Ingolstadt 04 and SV Wehen-Wiesbaden were relegated to the 2009–10 3. Liga following the 2008–09 season. They were replaced by 2008–09 3. Liga champions 1. FC Union Berlin and runners-up Fortuna Düsseldorf. Two further spots were available through relegation/promotion play-offs. 1. FC Nürnberg gained promotion to the Bundesliga by beating Bundesliga side FC Energie Cottbus 5–0 on aggregate in the Bundesliga play-off, sending the team from the Eastern part of Germany to the second tier of German football. At the bottom end of the table, VfL Osnabrück lost both of their play-off matches against 3. Liga side SC Paderborn 07 and thus were relegated to the 2009–10 3. Liga. Stadiums and locations Several teams moved to different grounds for the 2009–10 season; Alemannia Aachen and Augsburg were relocating to new stadia, replacing their old structures, while FSV Frankfurt and Union Berlin returned to their original home grounds which had undergone renovation. Personnel and sponsorship Managerial changes League table Results Relegation play-offs The 16th-placed Hansa Rostock faced the third-placed 3. Liga team FC Ingolstadt for a two-legged play-off. FC Ingolstadt, as the winner on aggregated score after both matches earned a spot in the 2010–11 2. Bundesliga. The matches took place on 14 and 17 May, with the 3. Liga club playing at home first. Hansa Rostock was relegated to 3. Liga and Ingolstadt was promoted to 2. Bundesliga for the 2010–11 season. Statistics Top goalscorersSource: kicker magazine23 goals Michael Thurk (FC Augsburg)20 goals Marius Ebbers (FC St. Pauli)15 goals Erik Jendrišek (1. FC Kaiserslautern) Christopher Nöthe (Greuther Fürth) Mahir Sağlık (SC Paderborn)14 goals Benjamin Auer (Alemannia Aachen)13 goals Martin Harnik (Fortuna Düsseldorf)12 goals Sami Allagui (Greuther Fürth) Giovanni Federico (Arminia Bielefeld) Emil Jula (Energie Cottbus)Top assistantsSource: kicker magazine12 assists Giovanni Federico (Arminia Bielefeld) Emil Jula (Energie Cottbus) Christian Tiffert (MSV Duisburg)11 assists Alexander Bugera (1. FC Kaiserslautern) Ibrahima Traoré (FC Augsburg)10 assists Marco Christ (Fortuna Düsseldorf) Deniz Naki (FC St. Pauli)9 assists Sami Allagui (Greuther Fürth) Marius Ebbers (FC St. Pauli) Jürgen Gjasula (FSV Frankfurt) Marcel Ndjeng (FC Augsburg) Mahir Sağlık (SC Paderborn)'' References External links Official Bundesliga site 2. Bundesliga @ DFB kicker.de 2. Bundesliga seasons 2009–10 in German football leagues Germany

23570809

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dean%20Lake%20%28Annapolis%29

Dean Lake (Annapolis)

Dean Lake Annapolis is a lake of Annapolis County, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570810

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folly%20Lake%20%28Annapolis%20County%29

Folly Lake (Annapolis County)

Folly Lake is a lake of Annapolis County, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

17327291

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conanicut%20Island%20Light

Conanicut Island Light

Conanicut Island Light (also known as Conanicut Island Lighthouse), built in 1886, is an inactive lighthouse in Jamestown, Rhode Island. The light was built primarily to assist the ferry between Jamestown and Newport, Rhode Island. The lighthouse lies on the northern tip of Conanicut Island in Jamestown. The light was deactivated in 1933 and its lantern was removed. In 1934 it was sold as government surplus and is now a private residence. The lighthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was featured in Wes Anderson's 2012 film Moonrise Kingdom. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island Notes References Lighthouse pics and info America's Atlantic Coast Lighthouses, Kenneth Kochel, Betken Publications; 2nd ed., 1996. Northeast Lights: Lighthouses and Lightships, Rhode Island to Cape May, New Jersey, Robert Bachand, Sea Sports Publications. 1989. "Conanicut Lighthouse, RI," George Worthylake, The Keeper's Log, Winter 2004. Lighthouses completed in 1886 Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island Lighthouses in Newport County, Rhode Island Buildings and structures in Jamestown, Rhode Island National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island

17327326

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badway%20Green

Badway Green

Badway Green is a piece of common land in the parish of Church Broughton in Derbyshire, England. References Geography of Derbyshire South Derbyshire District

23570813

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Cranberry%20Lake%20%28Annapolis%29

Little Cranberry Lake (Annapolis)

Little Cranberry Lake, Annapolis is a lake of Annapolis County, Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570824

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth%20Phase

Fourth Phase

Fourth Phase (Quarta Fase, QF) is a faction within the Democratic Party (PD), a political party in Italy. The name of the faction was chosen to identify the new stage of left-wing Catholics in Italian politics, the first three being within the Italian People's Party (1919–1926), the Christian Democracy (1943–1994) and the Italian People's Party respectively, and the fourth the current one, with the Democratic Party, a party in which Catholics are a minority. This phase, according to the faction's website, started with the foundation of Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (DL), that put together Populars with people coming from different political traditions. The heirs of the left-wing of the late Christian Democracy and later the Italian People's Party (1994–2002), a Christian-democratic party of the Christian left, organized themselves within DL as The Populars. Between 2002 and 2007 the Populars, led by Franco Marini and Ciriaco De Mita, within DL. In the 2007 Democratic Party primary election around 600 Populars were elected to the party Constituent Assembly. As the Populars failed to find a common ground in the new party, they split in different groups. The bulk of the faction (Marini, Dario Franceschini, Giuseppe Fioroni, Antonello Soro and Pierluigi Castagnetti) supported Walter Veltroni as leader of the party. Rosy Bindi and Enrico Letta ran against Veltroni and set up their factions, Democrats Really and 360 Association respectively. Another leading member, Ciriaco De Mita, abandoned the PD over disagreements with Veltroni in early 2008. The failure of The Populars to be a united faction led Fioroni, Franceschini and Soro, backed by Marini, to set Fourth Phase. As of January 2009 the organization of the new faction was completed: Antonello Giacomelli was elected president of the faction, which counts almost 90 Democrat MPs. However also Franceschini and Fioroni, who is the real leader of the group and the heir of Marini, had their differences, the first being a keen supporter of Walter Veltroni and the second more interested in unifying former Christian Democrats and Catholics in general within the party, including the Teodems, the Olivists, the followers of Bindi, the Lettiani and the Social Christians. After the resignation of Veltroni as party secretary and its replacement with Franceschini, Fourth Phase chose to support Franceschini in the 2009 Democratic Party leadership election. Franceschini lost to Pier Luigi Bersani but the Populars of Fourth Phase, who constituted about the 60% of the members elected to the party's national assembly by the Franceschini list, were not eager to oppose Bersani, while Franceschini was more combative. They however joined AreaDem, the united minority faction led by Franceschini. Things turned upside down in mid 2010 when Franceschini started to re-approach with Bersani and Fioroni became very critical of the party's political line instead. When Veltroni organized a "movement" outside Democratic Area, it was joined by Fioroni and 35 Populars around him. This caused a split between this group and the Populars loyal to Franceschini. The future of Fourth Phase, which is however in the hands of Fioroni, is thus unclear. References External links Fourth Phase Democratic Party (Italy) factions

23570833

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortimer%20Forest

Mortimer Forest

Mortimer Forest is a forest on the Shropshire/Herefordshire border in England, near the town of Ludlow. It covers hilly terrain, including the marilyn of High Vinnalls, rising to . History Mortimer Forest was an ancient hunting forest, similar to areas including Bircher Common. According to Forestry England, it is a remnant of the ancient Saxon hunting forests of Mocktree, Deerfold and Bringewood. Remains of this 'ancient battleground' include a castle mound that was owned by powerful Marcher lords, who had considerable fortified bases at Wigmore and Ludlow. The name of the forest derives from the Mortimers, who were Marcher lords. Natural history includes very old limestones and shales laid down by the sea some 400 million years ago. Location Mortimer Forest is located on the county boundary of Shropshire and Herefordshire, in the West Midlands region of England. The OS positioning is: SO480730, it is near the town of Ludlow, which is on the A49 road. Climate Mortimer Forest has typical forest climate, with lower-than-average light levels and a slightly cooler temperature. It is also in a hilly part of England, meaning it has a damp climate. Geology The limestones and shales of Mortimer Forest are around 400 million years old, making them round the Silurian/Ordivician age. Fossils are common in the Mortimer Forest, especially corals, trilobites and shells. This indicates that at one time the area of Mortimer Forest was underwater. Tourism Mortimer Forest is owned by Forestry England, which has done a number of things to facilitate tourists, including a website, signage, picnic tables, car parks, and laying out walking tracks for different fitness abilities. National Cycle Network route 44 passes through, en route between Ludlow and Leominster. Also passing through the area is the Mortimer Trail, a long-distance footpath. References External links Forestry England's page on The Mortimer Forest Forests and woodlands of Shropshire Forests and woodlands of Herefordshire Ludlow

23570838

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20Lake%20%28Nova%20Scotia%29

North Lake (Nova Scotia)

North Lake (Nova Scotia) is a lake of Antigonish County, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is fed by the North Lake stream and exits into George's Bay in the Atlantic Ocean. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570840

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20Lake%20%28Antigonish%29

South Lake (Antigonish)

South Lake, Antigonish is a lake of Antigonish County, in the north of Nova Scotia, Canada. Its outflow is direct into the ocean waters separating the mainland from Cape Breton Island. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570844

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulls%2C%20etc.%2C%20from%20Rome%20Act%201571

Bulls, etc., from Rome Act 1571

An Act against the bringing in and putting in execution of bulls writings or instruments and other superstitious things from the See of Rome, also known as Bulls, etc., from Rome Act 1571, (13 Eliz. 1, c. 2) was an Act of the Parliament of England during the English Reformation. The Act punished with high treason those who published papal bulls and Roman Catholic priests and their converts. This Act was a response to Pope Pius V's Regnans in Excelsis. Breaching the Act ceased to be a crime in 1846, but remained unlawful until the Act was repealed. In 1911, Pope Pius X excommunicated Arnold Mathew from the Catholic Church. The Times reported on this excommunication and included an English language translation of the Latin language document which described Mathew, among other things, as a "pseudo-bishop". Mathew's attorney argued, in the 1913 trial Mathew v. "The Times" Publishing Co., Ltd., that publication of the excommunication by The Times in English was high treason under this law. The trial was, according to a 1932 article in The Tablet, the last time this principle was invoked and the judge, Charles Darling, 1st Baron Darling, "held that it was not unlawful to publish a Papal Bull in a newspaper simply for the information of the public." Notes External links Text of the Act, Danby Pickering, The Statutes at Large, 1763, vol. 6, pp. 257 (from Google Book Search) Acts of the Parliament of England concerning religion 1571 in law 1571 in England Papal bulls

23570871

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygium%20ingens

Syzygium ingens

Syzygium ingens, commonly known as red apple, is a species of flowering plant that is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a medium-sized to tall rainforest tree with narrow elliptic to oblong leaves and panicles of white flowers on the ends of branchlets, followed by spherical red berries. Description Syzygium ingens is a tree that typically grows to a height of up to with a dbh of up to . It has a smooth, straight, greyish or fawn-coloured trunk that is buttressed at the base of older specimens. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs, narrow elliptic to oblong, long and wide on a reddish petiole long. The upper surface of the leaves is glossy green and the lower surface is paler with a raised mid-rib. The flowers are borne in panicles on the ends of branchlets, the panicles shorter than the leaves. The five sepals are fused at the base forming a bell-shaped floral cup about in diameter with rounded lobes. The five petals are white, more or less oblong and long with irregular edges. Flowering occurs from November to December and the fruit is a dark pink to red, spherical to oval berry, long, in diameter containing a single seed surrounded by white flesh. Taxonomy Red apple was first formally described in 1861 by Charles Moore in Catalogue of the Natural and Industrial Products of New South Wales, exhibited in the School of Arts by the International Exhibition Commissioners and was given the name Nelitris ingens from an unpublished description by Ferdinand von Mueller. In 1988, Gordon P. Guymer and Bernard Hyland changed the name to Acmena ingens in the journal Muelleria, a name that is accepted by the National Herbarium of New South Wales. In 2006, Lyndley Craven and Edward Sturt Biffin changed Moore's name Nelitris ingens to Syzygium ingens in the journal Blumea, the name accepted by the Australian Plant Census Distribution and habitat Red apple grows on volcanic soil from near Gympie in south eastern Queensland to Casino in northern New South Wales. Ecology Birds seen eating the fruit of this species include wompoo fruit dove, green catbird, eastern rosella, pied currawong and topknot pigeon. Use in horticulture Germination is assisted by removing the seed from the flesh, and soaking for a day or two to kill any insect larvae. Germination is swift and reliable. Cuttings also strike well. References Myrtales of Australia Trees of Australia Flora of New South Wales Flora of Queensland Myrtaceae Taxa named by Bernard Hyland

23570872

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hog%20Lake

Hog Lake

Hog Lake may refer to the following bodies of water: Canada: Hog Lake, Argyle, Nova Scotia Hog Lake, Region of Queens Municipality, Nova Scotia Hog Lake, near Kearney, Ontario United States: Hog Lake, near Dales, California Hog Lake (Florida) Hog Lake, Santa Fe Township, Clinton County, Illinois Hog Lake, LaPorte County, Indiana Hog Lake, Jamestown Township, Steuben County, Indiana Hog Lake, near Sumner, Missouri, drained in 1911 Hog Canyon Lake, also known as Hog Lake, Spokane County, Washington

17327371

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005%20Lincolnshire%20County%20Council%20election

2005 Lincolnshire County Council election

The 2005 Lincolnshire County Council election was held on Thursday, 5 May 2005, the same day as the general election. The whole council of 77 members was up for election and the election resulted in the Conservative Party retaining control of the council, winning 45 seats. Election result Results by division Alford and Sutton Ancholme Cliff Bardney and Cherry Willingham Bassingham Rural Billinghay and Metheringham Boston Coastal Boston East Boston Fishtoft Boston North West Boston Rural Boston South Boston West Bourne Abbey Bourne Castle Bracebridge Heath and Waddington Branston and Navenby Colsterworth Rural Crowland and Whaplode Deeping St James Donington Rural Folkingham Rural Gainsborough Hill Gainsborough Rural South Gainsborough Trent Grantham Barrowby References 2005 English local elections 2000s in Lincolnshire 2005

23570877

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocarpha%20heermannii

Holocarpha heermannii

Holocarpha heermannii is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Heermann's tarweed. It is endemic to California. Distribution Holocarpha heermannii grows in the hills, mountains, and valleys of the central and southern part of California. It is most common in the Inner Coast Ranges in the eastern San Francisco Bay Area, the southern Sierra Nevada foothills, and the Tehachapi Mountains. It is also found in the Southern Outer California Coast Ranges and western Transverse Ranges. Description Holocarpha heermannii is an annual herb growing mostly erect from to over in height. The stem is densely glandular and coated in short and long hairs. The leaves are up to long near the base of the plant and those along the stem are smaller. The inflorescence is a spreading array of branches bearing clusters of flower heads. Each flower head is lined with phyllaries which are coated in large bulbous resin glands. They are hairy and sticky in texture. The head contains many yellow disc florets surrounded by three to 10 golden yellow ray florets. The ray and fertile disc florets produce achenes of different shapes. References External links Jepson Manual Treatment: Holocarpha heermannii CalFlora Database: Holocarpha heermannii (Heermann's tarweed) USDA Plants Profile: Holocarpha heermannii (Heermann's tarweed) Holocarpha heermannii— U.C. Photos gallery Madieae Endemic flora of California Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States) Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands Natural history of the California Coast Ranges Natural history of the Transverse Ranges ~ Flora without expected TNC conservation status

23570884

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley%20McDonald

Stanley McDonald

Stanley B. McDonald (October 13, 1920 – November 20, 2014) was the founder of Princess Cruises, one of the largest cruise lines in the World. Career Born in Alberta, Canada and educated at Roosevelt High School in Seattle and the University of Washington, Stan McDonald joined the United States Navy Air Corps. After World War II, Stan McDonald founded Air Mac, a material handling business. Air Mac provided all the ground transportation equipment for the World's Fair in Seattle: McDonald also chartered a ship to bring visitors to the Fair. In 1965, based on his experience from the World's Fair, he founded Princess Cruises which he expanded into one of the largest cruise lines in the World. He merged Air Mac into RCA Corporation in 1969 and sold Princess Cruises to Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Company in 1975: he remained Chairman of the latter business until 1980. In 1977, together with two other partners, he purchased the real estate assets of Chrysler Corporation and subsequently formed Stellar International, a real estate business. Personal life McDonald married Barbara in 1944: together they went on to have one son and one daughter. He died November 20, 2014, in Seattle, aged 94. References University of Washington alumni 1920 births 2014 deaths Canadian emigrants to the United States Canadian company founders United States Navy personnel of World War II

17327372

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genaro%20V%C3%A1zquez%20Rojas

Genaro Vázquez Rojas

Genaro Vázquez Rojas (June 10, 1931February 2, 1972) was a school teacher, organiser, militant, and guerrilla fighter. Civic Associations Guerreran Civic Community Genaro Vázquez Rojas studied law at the National Autonomous University of Mexico () (UNAM), however did not finish. At age 24 he co-founded the Guerreran Civic Community (CCG), while teaching at schools in the slums of the Federal District. The following year in 1958 Vázquez Rojas participated in the Revolutionary Teachers' Movement (MRM) during the strike and seizure of the Secretariat of Public Education. Vázquez Rojas would eventually be fired from his teacher's position and go on to represent coffee, copra, and palm workers before the Department of Agrarian Affairs and Colonization (DAAC). Guerrero Civic Association Between 1958 and 1960, the CCG would transform into the with the stated goals of fighting for land reform and peasant workers. On May 13, 1960, Vázquez Rojas called his first neighborhood meeting in the San Francisco district of Chilpancingo, Guerrero, demanding an investigation of Raul Caballero Aburto, then Governor of Guerrero. On October 30, 1960, the ACG led 5,000 people in protest in a civic stand-in, similar to that of a sit-in, in support of recent demonstrations by students at the state university. Two years later, on December 31, 1962, 3,000 protesters assembled in Iguala, police attacked the demonstrators, 28 people were killed, dozens wounded, and 156 were arrested. The ACG was outlawed following the protests and Vázquez Rojas was accused of killing an agent assigned to watch him. Vázquez Rojas fled to the north-east, where he lay in hiding for four years. Genaro Vázquez Rojas was eventually captured at the offices of the National Liberation Movement () (MLN) on November 9, 1966. On April 22, 1968, the ACG would attack the prison in Iguala and free its captured leader. Following the escape, Vázquez Rojas fled to the hills of the sierra, where he began working on the goals of the ACG on a national level. With the new outlook came a new name, the ACG was reformed into the Guerreran National Civic Association (GNCA). Guerreran National Civic Association The GNCA, inspired by Fidel Castro's 1962 Declaration of Havana and the National Liberation Movement's (MLN) August 1961 program, was created to sustain a prolonged guerrilla struggle. The GNCA aimed to create links to other guerrilla organizations and coordinate revolution not just through Guerrero, but also throughout the country. In December 1971, once the goals of the GNCA had been met, the organization was renamed to the Asociación Cívica Nacional Revolucionaria (ACNR). The ACNR continued to support the guerrilla groups and work toward uniting other radical groups. Asociación Cívica Nacional Revolucionaria The ACNR conducted three guerrilla operations, all taking place between the years of 1969 and 1971. On April 19, 1969 the ACNR organized an assault on the Mexican Commercial Bank, the attack was deemed a failure as the police were able to recover three million stolen pesos and detain the guerrillas who conducted the raid. Due to a mechanical problem with the getaway vehicle, a taxi, the guerrillas were quickly captured and brought to custody. On January 5, 1971, Conaciano Luna Radilla, manager of Commercial Bank of the South, was kidnapped on the highway. A ransom of half a million pesos was requested and received and Conaciano was freed. The final act was taken on November 19, 1971, with the kidnapping of Jaime Castrejón Diez. Diez was the owner of a Coca-Cola concession, proprietor of "Yoli" soft drink factories, Chancellor of University of Guerrero, and ex-mayor of Taxco. The ACNR demanded the release of nine political prisoners, two and a half million pesos, and formal trials of all peasants held in military barracks. The ACNR received a ransom of 500,000 pesos, and the release of the nine political prisoners to Cuba. Diez was released on December 1, 1971. Death The ACNR, operating along the Costa Grande between Acapulco and the Balsas River, drew the ire of the federal government for their actions. In response, they were pursued by army battalions, helicopters, paratroopers, and counter-insurgency technology developed by the United States in Vietnam. On February 2, 1972, Vázquez Rojas was captured by the army after fleeing a car wreck, it is believed he died from his wounds, although local sources in Morelia disputed the official version and claimed that Vázquez was extrajudicially executed by the army. See also Donald Clark Hodges References 1933 births 1972 deaths Mexican communists Mexican educators Mexican rebels Mexican revolutionaries People from Guerrero Mexican guerrillas Socialism in Mexico Military history of Mexico

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaver%20Lake%20%28Shelburne%29

Beaver Lake (Shelburne)

Beaver Lake Shelburne is a lake of Municipality of the District of Barrington, in Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion%20Act%201580

Religion Act 1580

The Religion Act 1580 (23 Eliz.1 c. 1) was an Act of the Parliament of England during the English Reformation. The Act made it high treason to persuade English subjects to withdraw their allegiance to the Queen, or from the Church of England to Rome, or to promise obedience to a foreign authority. The Act also increased the fine for absenteeism from Church to £20 a month or imprisonment until they conformed. Finally, the Act fined and imprisoned those who celebrated the mass and attended a mass. See also Praemunire High treason in the United Kingdom Notes External links Acts of the Parliament of England concerning religion 1580 in law 1580 in England Treason in England 1580 in politics 1580 in religion 1580 in Christianity

17327377

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchurian%20revival

Manchurian revival

The Manchurian revival of 1908 was a Protestant revival that occurred in churches and mission stations in Manchuria (now Liaoning Province, China). It was the first such revival to gain nationwide publicity in China, as well as international repute. The revival occurred during a series of half-day-long meetings led by Jonathan Goforth, a Canadian Presbyterian missionary with the Canadian Presbyterian Mission, who, along with his wife, Rosalind (Bell-Smith) Goforth, went on to become the foremost missionary revivalist in early 20th-century China and helped to establish revivalism as a major element of missionary work. The effect of the revivals in China reached overseas and contributed to some tension among Christian denominations in the United States, fueling the Fundamentalist–Modernist Controversy in the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America. Beginnings In 1907, the Great Pyongyang revival took place in Pyongyang, Korea that involved more than 1000 people during a series of meetings where there was an emphasis of teaching on the work of the Holy Spirit. This influenced revivals in China, including the Manchurian revival of 1908. Goforth notes a fellow missionary's initial observations of the Manchurian Revival in his book, By My Spirit: Goforth arrived in Manchuria in February, 1908, but according to Goforth's account, he "…had no method. I did not know how to conduct a Revival. I could deliver an address and let the people pray, but that was all." Shenyang Goforth held a series of special meetings at Shenyang (Mukden), with some initial opposition from church leaders, there. After Goforth's address the first morning an elder stood up before all the people and confessed to having embezzled church funds. The effect on the hearers was “instantaneous". One person gave a “piercing cry" then many, now in tears, began spontaneous prayer and confession. For three days these incidents continued. Goforth recorded, That year hundreds of members returned to the church fellowship, many of them confessing that they did not think that they had ever really been converted before. Liaoyang Goforth then traveled to hold a series of meetings at the Liaoyang congregation. He wrote: Guangning Goforth proceeded to Guangning (Kwangning) (near Beizhen, Liaoning) where it was told him by another missionary that, "Reports have come to us of the meetings at Mukden and Liaoyang. I thought I had better tell you, right at the beginning, that you need not expect similar results here." After Goforth had given his sermon, he said to the people: Spontaneous prayers come forth from several individuals at every meeting, followed by more confessions of sin and wrongdoing among church leaders. Goforth wrote: Jinzhou From the very first meeting that Goforth led at Jinzhou (Chinchow) a renewal movement began to develop. Intense prayer and anxiety to get rid of sin characterized the effect on these believer as it had done at the other mission stations. Dr. Walter Phillips, who was present at two of the meetings in Jinzhou, wrote: Xinmin The Christians in Xinmin (Shinminfu) had suffered persecution during the Boxer Rebellion of 1900. 54 of the church had been killed and were considered "martyrs" for dying for their faith at the hands of the Boxers. The survivors had prepared a list, containing 250 names of those who had taken part in the massacre. It was hoped by some that revenge would one day be possible. However, after the revival meetings, the list of names was brought up to the front of the church and torn into pieces and the fragments were trampled under foot. Yingkou Goforth ministered at Yingkou (Newchwang), the final resting-place of Scottish missionary William Chalmers Burns. Burns' impact was still being felt 40 years later among the Christian community of Yingkou. However, the same kind of repentance and prayer broke out, here as Goforth wrote: References Bibliography Rosalind Goforth,Goforth of China; McClelland and Stewart, (1937), Bethany House, 1986. Rosalind Goforth, How I Know God Answers Prayer (1921), Zondervan. Ruth A. Tucker, From Jerusalem to Iriyan Jaya; A Biographical History of Christian Missions; 1983, Zondervan. By My Spirit (1929, 1942, 1964, 1983) Rosalind Goforth, Chinese Diamonds for the King of Kings (1920, 1945) Alvyn Austin, Saving China: Canadian Missionaries in the Middle Kingdom, 1888–1959 (1986), chaps. 2, 6 Daniel H. Bays, Christian Revival in China, 1900–1937 Edith L. Blumhofer and Randall Balmer, eds., Modern Christian Revivals (1993) James Webster, Times of Blessing in Manchuria (1908) "Revival in Manchuria," p. 4; published by the Presbyterian Church in Ireland. Protestantism in China Christian revivals History of Christianity in China

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balla%20et%20ses%20Balladins

Balla et ses Balladins

Balla et ses Balladins (also known as Orchestre du Jardin de Guinée) was a dance-music orchestra formed in Conakry, Guinea in 1962 following the break-up of the Syli Orchestre National, Guinea's first state-sponsored group. Also called the Orchestre du Jardin de Guinée, after the "bar dancing" music venue in Conakry that still exists today, the group made a number of recordings for the state-owned Syliphone label and become one of the first modern dance musical groups in Guinea to use traditional musical instruments and fuse together traditional Guinean folk music with more modern influences. Background The newly independent state of Guinea established a number of music groups, competitions and festivals throughout the country to play the traditional musics of Guinea rather than the European styles that were popular in the colonial period. The government also set up the Syliphone label to record the ensuing music and thus preserve and enhance the culture of the new nation. Balla et ses Balladins were one of the most popular groups arising from these initiatives. Career The group was named after their leader trumpet player Balla Onivogui, who was born in 1938 in Macenta, a small town in south-east Guinea and was a student at a conservatory in Senegal before being recruited to play in the Guinea independence celebrations in 1959. He quickly became a member of the state's leading orchestra, the Syli Orchestre National, who were tasked with working with music groups throughout Guinea to train them to play the traditional musics of the country. In order to expand this programme the government split the orchestra into smaller units, one of which under the leadership of Balla became Balla et ses Balladins and held a residency at the Conakry nightspot Jardin de Guinée. (The other group emerging from the split was the equally renowned Keletigui Et Ses Tambourinis.) Les Balladins made a number of recordings for the state-owned Syliphone label, which was founded in 1968. The group also toured abroad representing Guinea and some members worked as backing musicians for Miriam Makeba when she lived in Guinea in the 1970s. In 1970 Balla had a falling-out with some government officials and was briefly replaced as leader by his friend and trombone player Pivi Moriba, to be restored following the intervention of president Sékou Touré himself. Guinea suffered a series of economic crises in the 1970s and in 1983 the national orchestras were all established as private concerns. In 1984 President Sekou Toure died, and the Syliphone label ended. Balla et ses Balladins continued to play during the Lansana Conte era, and when Balla Onivogui retired in the late 1990s his group recruited new musicians and still performs in Conakry. Balla Onivogui died from a heart attack on 15 March 2011 in Conakry at the age of 75. Discography Tracks on Syliphone compilations The Syliphone Years (2008) Stern's Music Various artist compilations Authenticite - The Syliphone Years (2008) Stern's Music on http://www.sternsmusic.com The Rough Guide To Psychedelic Africa (2012) World Music Network References Guinean musical groups Musical groups established in 1962 Dance music groups Musical groups disestablished in 1984 1962 establishments in Guinea

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haluk%20Piyes

Haluk Piyes

Haluk Piyes (born March 30, 1975) is a Turkish-German actor. Filmography Television Awards 2004 Locarno International Film Festival, Bester Film: En Garde 2008 International Film Fest Bukarest, Best Film: "Asyl" References External links 1975 births German people of Turkish descent German male film actors German male television actors Living people

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary%20Robson

Gary Robson

Gary Robson is the name of: Gary Robson (darts player) (born 1967), English darts player Gary Robson (footballer) (born 1965), English footballer Gary D. Robson (born 1958), American author

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ash%20Lake%20%28Clare%29

Ash Lake (Clare)

Ash Lake, Clare is a lake of Clare municipality, in Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

23570928

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrille%20dress

Quadrille dress

A Quadrille dress is a bespoke dress worn by women in Caribbean countries. The quadrille dress is the folk costume of Jamaica, Dominica and Haiti. It is known by a different name in each country. The dress is particularly worn during the quadrille dance, but also other occasions. Jamaica In Jamaica, the quadrille dress is made of cotton. It's called a bandana skirt. The skirt is worn with a ruffled sleeve blouse and a matching head tie. The quadrille is only danced in Jamaica and Trinidad today as a shows The bush jacket is hardly traditional. It was introduced for political reasons in the 1970s. One would not expect to see the folk costume at a wedding. The groom would wear a conventional suit, the bride a fashionable white grown. The only occasion where a man would wear a madras shirt and white trousers would be if he were performing on the stage, either singing traditional folk songs or some sort of calypso or mento in the tourist circuit. Haiti In Haiti, the quadrille dress is called the karabela dress in Haitian creole. Traditional male attire for dances, weddings, and other formal wear is the linen shirt jacket. Saint Lucia In Saint Lucia, the name of the dress is spelled Kwadril dress. See also Bush jacket Kariba suit Madras (costume) National costume References Caribbean clothing Jamaican culture Haitian culture Caribbean culture Dresses Folk costumes Gowns