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https://www.investopedia.com/terms/j/j.asp | J | <div class="comp mntl-sc-page mntl-block article-body-content" data-bind-scroll-on-start="true" data-sc-ad-label-height="0" data-sc-ad-track-spacing="90" data-sc-breakpoint="50em" data-sc-content-positions="[300, 1, 1, 1250, 1, 1, 1, 1]" data-sc-load-immediate="2" data-sc-max-track-height="600" data-sc-min-track-height="250" data-sc-sticky-offset="80" id="mntl-sc-page_1-0"><span class="heading-toc" id="toc-what-is-j"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_1-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> What Is J? </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_2-0"> The term J refers to a designation for <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/nasdaq.asp">Nasdaq</a>-listed stocks that specifies that the stock has voting rights. The designation appears as the fifth letter following a dot after a stock's four-letter <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="2" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/stocksymbol.asp">ticker symbol</a>. It is added to denote a shareholder vote situation. The letter J is a temporary suffix that is removed once the shareholder vote situation is resolved. Other letter designations are used to describe <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="3" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/share_class.asp">share classes</a>, foreign issues, preferred issues, and a company's financial status.
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_3-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-callout mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_4-0"><div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-callout mntl-block theme-whatyouneedtoknow" data-tracking-container="true" data-tracking-id="mntl-sc-block-callout" id="mntl-sc-block_5-0"><h3 class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-heading mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-heading_1-0">Key Takeaways</h3>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-body mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-body_1-0"><ul><li>J is a fifth-letter designation used to illustrate that a Nasdaq-listed security has voting rights. </li><li>Nasdaq-listed stocks have four characters, usually letters, known as a ticker symbol.</li><li>Th J appears after a dot at the end of the company's ticker symbol. </li><li>The J-designation is temporary and is removed after the shareholder vote is complete.</li></ul></div></div></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-understanding-j"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_6-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Understanding J </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_7-0"> <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/security.asp">Securities</a> that trade on <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="2" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/articles/basics/04/092404.asp">stock exchanges</a> are represented by a series of characters, usually a set of letters. This arrangement is referred to as a ticker symbol. It allows individuals and companies to execute trades for these securities. Traders can recognize the stock exchange on which these companies trade based on the number of letters in the symbol. For instance, stocks that trade on the <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="3" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/nyse.asp">New York Stock Exchange</a> (NYSE) have three letters while those on the Nasdaq have four.
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_9-0"> Publicly-traded stocks also come with suffixes that alert <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/shareholder.asp">shareholders</a> to specific situations pertinent to the company. These suffixes appear as a fifth-letter identifier following a dot after a company's ticker symbol. The letter J is one of those suffixes. This designation identifies public security issues that have <a class="pseudoStyle" data-component="link" data-ordinal="2" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/040315/what-can-shareholders-vote.asp">voting rights</a>. J also reveals that there is more than one issue of a company’s common stock. For example, Google offers two classes of stock to the public—one is voting shares and the other is non-voting.
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_11-0"> The letter J is only added temporarily when there is a shareholder vote situation and is removed when the situation has been resolved. Common stock with voting rights is considered <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/v/votingshares.asp">voting stock</a>. The majority of common stock has voting rights. Voting stock, which carries voting rights, allows a shareholder to vote during a shareholder vote situation. The items that might require a shareholder vote include voting on board of director members or corporate transactions like <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="2" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/merger.asp">mergers</a>. The exchange removes the designation once the shareholder vote situation is complete.
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<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-callout mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_13-0"><div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-callout mntl-block theme-important" data-tracking-container="true" data-tracking-id="mntl-sc-block-callout" id="mntl-sc-block_14-0"><h3 class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-heading mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-heading_2-0"></h3>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-body mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-body_2-0"><p>Since its ticker symbols are comprised of three letters, the NYSE uses a fourth letter to identify unique instances where the issuance varies from normal conditions.</p></div></div></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-j-vs-other-letter-designations"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_15-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> J vs. Other Letter Designations </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_16-0"> The Nasdaq uses a variety of letters, which are called fifth-letter designations, to distinguish stock issuances and the rights that come along with them. J is just one of those designations. As mentioned above, J is a temporary addition to a stock's ticker symbol. Like J, the letter D is also a temporary suffix. D represents a <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/newissue.asp" rel="noopener noreferrer">new issue</a>, noting that it’s a corporate reorganization.
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_18-0"> If you see a ticker symbol that has the letter H after a dot, it means that the issuance is the second <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/articles/active-trading/111114/preferred-stocks-versus-bonds-how-choose.asp" rel="noopener noreferrer">preferred bond</a> of the company. The K at the end of a symbol means the stock is non-voting.
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_20-0"> The letter E means the company is delinquent with a <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/sec.asp" rel="noopener noreferrer">Securities and Exchange Commission</a> (SEC) filing, while C means the company does not meet all requirements for listing on the Nasdaq. An A or B means it's the company's A or B shares, respectively, and most of the various other letters deal with being a preferred, <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="2" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/convertibles.asp" rel="noopener noreferrer">convertible</a>, or rights issuance.
</p></div> | ## What Is J?
The term J refers to a designation for [Nasdaq](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/nasdaq.asp)-listed stocks that specifies that the stock has voting rights. The designation appears as the fifth letter following a dot after a stock's four-letter [ticker symbol](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/stocksymbol.asp). It is added to denote a shareholder vote situation. The letter J is a temporary suffix that is removed once the shareholder vote situation is resolved. Other letter designations are used to describe [share classes](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/share_class.asp), foreign issues, preferred issues, and a company's financial status.
### Key Takeaways
* J is a fifth-letter designation used to illustrate that a Nasdaq-listed security has voting rights.
* Nasdaq-listed stocks have four characters, usually letters, known as a ticker symbol.
* Th J appears after a dot at the end of the company's ticker symbol.
* The J-designation is temporary and is removed after the shareholder vote is complete.
## Understanding J
[Securities](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/security.asp) that trade on [stock exchanges](https://www.investopedia.com/articles/basics/04/092404.asp) are represented by a series of characters, usually a set of letters. This arrangement is referred to as a ticker symbol. It allows individuals and companies to execute trades for these securities. Traders can recognize the stock exchange on which these companies trade based on the number of letters in the symbol. For instance, stocks that trade on the [New York Stock Exchange](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/nyse.asp) (NYSE) have three letters while those on the Nasdaq have four.
Publicly-traded stocks also come with suffixes that alert [shareholders](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/shareholder.asp) to specific situations pertinent to the company. These suffixes appear as a fifth-letter identifier following a dot after a company's ticker symbol. The letter J is one of those suffixes. This designation identifies public security issues that have [voting rights](https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/040315/what-can-shareholders-vote.asp). J also reveals that there is more than one issue of a company’s common stock. For example, Google offers two classes of stock to the public—one is voting shares and the other is non-voting.
The letter J is only added temporarily when there is a shareholder vote situation and is removed when the situation has been resolved. Common stock with voting rights is considered [voting stock](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/v/votingshares.asp). The majority of common stock has voting rights. Voting stock, which carries voting rights, allows a shareholder to vote during a shareholder vote situation. The items that might require a shareholder vote include voting on board of director members or corporate transactions like [mergers](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/merger.asp). The exchange removes the designation once the shareholder vote situation is complete.
###
Since its ticker symbols are comprised of three letters, the NYSE uses a fourth letter to identify unique instances where the issuance varies from normal conditions.
## J vs. Other Letter Designations
The Nasdaq uses a variety of letters, which are called fifth-letter designations, to distinguish stock issuances and the rights that come along with them. J is just one of those designations. As mentioned above, J is a temporary addition to a stock's ticker symbol. Like J, the letter D is also a temporary suffix. D represents a [new issue](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/newissue.asp), noting that it’s a corporate reorganization.
If you see a ticker symbol that has the letter H after a dot, it means that the issuance is the second [preferred bond](https://www.investopedia.com/articles/active-trading/111114/preferred-stocks-versus-bonds-how-choose.asp) of the company. The K at the end of a symbol means the stock is non-voting.
The letter E means the company is delinquent with a [Securities and Exchange Commission](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/sec.asp) (SEC) filing, while C means the company does not meet all requirements for listing on the Nasdaq. An A or B means it's the company's A or B shares, respectively, and most of the various other letters deal with being a preferred, [convertible](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/convertibles.asp), or rights issuance.
| What Is J?
The term J refers to a designation for Nasdaq-listed stocks that specifies that the stock has voting rights. The designation appears as the fifth letter following a dot after a stock's four-letter ticker symbol. It is added to denote a shareholder vote situation. The letter J is a temporary suffix that is removed once the shareholder vote situation is resolved. Other letter designations are used to describe share classes, foreign issues, preferred issues, and a company's financial status.
Key Takeaways
J is a fifth-letter designation used to illustrate that a Nasdaq-listed security has voting rights. Nasdaq-listed stocks have four characters, usually letters, known as a ticker symbol.Th J appears after a dot at the end of the company's ticker symbol. The J-designation is temporary and is removed after the shareholder vote is complete.
Understanding J
Securities that trade on stock exchanges are represented by a series of characters, usually a set of letters. This arrangement is referred to as a ticker symbol. It allows individuals and companies to execute trades for these securities. Traders can recognize the stock exchange on which these companies trade based on the number of letters in the symbol. For instance, stocks that trade on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) have three letters while those on the Nasdaq have four.
Publicly-traded stocks also come with suffixes that alert shareholders to specific situations pertinent to the company. These suffixes appear as a fifth-letter identifier following a dot after a company's ticker symbol. The letter J is one of those suffixes. This designation identifies public security issues that have voting rights. J also reveals that there is more than one issue of a company’s common stock. For example, Google offers two classes of stock to the public—one is voting shares and the other is non-voting.
The letter J is only added temporarily when there is a shareholder vote situation and is removed when the situation has been resolved. Common stock with voting rights is considered voting stock. The majority of common stock has voting rights. Voting stock, which carries voting rights, allows a shareholder to vote during a shareholder vote situation. The items that might require a shareholder vote include voting on board of director members or corporate transactions like mergers. The exchange removes the designation once the shareholder vote situation is complete.
Since its ticker symbols are comprised of three letters, the NYSE uses a fourth letter to identify unique instances where the issuance varies from normal conditions.
J vs. Other Letter Designations
The Nasdaq uses a variety of letters, which are called fifth-letter designations, to distinguish stock issuances and the rights that come along with them. J is just one of those designations. As mentioned above, J is a temporary addition to a stock's ticker symbol. Like J, the letter D is also a temporary suffix. D represents a new issue, noting that it’s a corporate reorganization.
If you see a ticker symbol that has the letter H after a dot, it means that the issuance is the second preferred bond of the company. The K at the end of a symbol means the stock is non-voting.
The letter E means the company is delinquent with a Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filing, while C means the company does not meet all requirements for listing on the Nasdaq. An A or B means it's the company's A or B shares, respectively, and most of the various other letters deal with being a preferred, convertible, or rights issuance.
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https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/06/personalinfoandbrokers.asp | Why Do Brokers Ask Investors for Personal Information? | <div class="comp mntl-sc-page mntl-block article-body-content" data-bind-scroll-on-start="true" data-sc-ad-label-height="0" data-sc-ad-track-spacing="90" data-sc-breakpoint="50em" data-sc-content-positions="[300, 1, 1, 1250, 1, 1, 1, 1]" data-sc-load-immediate="2" data-sc-max-track-height="600" data-sc-min-track-height="250" data-sc-sticky-offset="80" id="mntl-sc-page_1-0"><p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_1-0"> When investors contact brokers, they are often surprised by the number of requests for personal information. The broker is just complying with the law and rules set forth by the <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/sec.asp">Securities Exchange Commission (SEC)</a>.
</p>
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_3-0"> Indeed, certain required information must be obtained before a broker can make any trades on behalf of a client. These include your Social Security number or tax ID, your contact information, and whether or not you are an insider at any publicly traded corporation.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="4"></span>
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_4-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-callout mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_5-0"><div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-callout mntl-block theme-whatyouneedtoknow" data-tracking-container="true" data-tracking-id="mntl-sc-block-callout" id="mntl-sc-block_6-0"><h3 class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-heading mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-heading_1-0">Key Takeaways</h3>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-body mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-body_1-0"><ul><li>Brokers need personal information to comply with tax laws, anti-money laundering regulations, anti-terrorist financing requirements, record-keeping procedures, and to determine suitable investments.</li><li>Broker-dealers in the U.S. need a tax identification number (TIN) from their clients, which is usually a Social Security number (SSN).</li><li>Non-U.S. citizens can usually use a valid passport number, an alien registration card number, or other government-issued ID numbers instead of an SSN.</li><li>Other frequently requested information includes name, address, and date of birth.</li></ul></div></div></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-ssn-requirements-for-trading-stocks"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_7-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> SSN Requirements for Trading Stocks </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_8-0"> Broker-dealers in the U.S. are required to record a <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/tax-indentification-number-tin.asp">tax identification number (TIN)</a> for their clients, and this number is usually a <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="2" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/ssn.asp">Social Security number (SSN)</a>. However, there are several other ways for non-U.S. citizens to supply a TIN. In many cases, a valid passport number, an alien registration card number, and other government-issued ID numbers (such as a driver's license number) can be used.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="4"></span><span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="1"></span><br/>
</p>
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<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-personal-information"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_10-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Personal Information </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_11-0"> Brokers don't ask investors for their personal information to make conversation. There's a perfectly good reason behind it—they have to ask. The type of information required of a broker is spelled out in Rule 17a-3(a)(17) of the <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/seact1934.asp">Securities Exchange Act of 1934</a>.
</p>
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_13-0"> The rule specifically requires the customer's name, SSN/TIN, mailing address, telephone number, date of birth, employment status (including occupation and whether the customer is an <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/associatedperson.asp">associated person</a> of an exchange, a broker, or a <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="2" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/dealer.asp">dealer</a>), annual income, net worth (excluding the value of a primary residence), and investment objectives.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="6"></span>
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_15-0"> Tax compliance is one reason that brokers need personal information. Investors need to report capital gains, losses, and dividends to the IRS. And brokers must have this data in order to send the required forms each year.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="7"></span><span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="8"></span>
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_17-0"> The SEC lists three other reasons why brokers are required to ask for personal information. They are <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/suitable.asp">suitability</a>, record-keeping requirements, and anti-terrorist/<a data-component="link" data-ordinal="2" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/aml.asp">anti-money laundering (AML)</a> laws.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="4"></span>
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_18-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-suitability"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_19-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Suitability </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_20-0"> Suitability refers to how an investor's financial situation matches the advice and recommendations of a broker. A broker must attempt to understand an investor's circumstances and preferences.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="4"></span> The broker should then provide recommendations that are suitable for that person and their investment objectives. A broker who does not do that violates rules laid out by the <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/nasd.asp">National Association of Securities Dealers</a>.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="5"></span>
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_21-0"></div>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_22-0"> Relevant information includes an individual's <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/risktolerance.asp">risk tolerance</a>, financial goals, debts, number of years to retirement, and <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="2" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/networth.asp">net worth</a>. A good broker will tailor advice to particular situations. If a broker advises you to take any action that directly contradicts with your financial goals and circumstances, you might even have grounds for legal action.
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_23-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-record-keeping"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_24-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Record-Keeping </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_25-0"> The SEC requires brokers to maintain a current record of personal information. Note that if a client refuses to provide this data, the broker is excused from following the rule. However, the broker must be able to prove that an effort was made to obtain and document the information.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="4"></span>
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_26-0"></div>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_27-0"> Keep in mind that some personal information may change over time and that it's the investor's responsibility to volunteer such new information to update the record. A broker may also ask for updates on an annual basis, or periodically send the information it has on file to customers so that they can verify whether it is still accurate. Address changes may be of particular importance because the investor will receive a <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/prospectus.asp">prospectus</a> and other information for each investment.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="4"></span>
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_28-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-terrorism-and-money-laundering"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_29-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Terrorism and Money Laundering </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_30-0"> Finally, the broker must provide client information to meet anti-money laundering and anti-terrorist financing requirements. The minimum requirements for this section include:
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_31-0"></div>
<ul class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_32-0"> <li>Name</li><li>Address (home or business address, not a P.O. Box)</li><li>TIN, such as an SSN</li><li>Date of birth (for a person)<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="4"></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_33-0"></div>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_34-0"> This information allows the broker to verify the client's identity. The client's personal data is cross-checked against lists of known or suspected terrorists.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="4"></span>
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_35-0"></div>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_36-0"> These requirements can create issues for misidentified individuals and victims of identity theft. An identity check in such a case may reveal that an identity has been stolen and is being abused for money laundering purposes.
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_37-0"></div>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_38-0"> Before reaching out to a broker, it is a good idea to review credit reports for signs of unusual activity. One of the <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/best-credit-monitoring-services-4846982">best credit monitoring services</a> would likely be useful in this endeavor. There are also services that monitor Social Security numbers to spot potential theft.
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_39-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-additional-information"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_40-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Additional Information </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_41-0"> The <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/finra.asp">Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA)</a> has a list of other personal information a broker may ask when opening an account. Though not required, it suggests that investors pass these details on so the firm can better serve their trading and investment needs:
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_42-0"></div>
<ul class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_43-0">
<li>Contact person: They may ask for the name, address, and telephone number of a trusted contact person. FINRA states that this is not a requirement. This information is only needed if the broker is authorized to disclose information in the event of financial exploitation.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="3"></span></li>
<li>Type of account: The broker may ask investors if they want to open cash accounts or <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/marginaccount.asp">margin accounts</a>. In a cash account, investors are required to pay for their trades with cash deposits. Margin accounts are needed for using most types of leverage and trading <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="2" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/derivative.asp">derivatives</a>.</li>
<li>Uninvested cash: Investors may also be asked how they intend to deal with cash on hand in their accounts. That includes any money they deposit at regular intervals, dividends, or interest on investments. <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="3" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/automaticreinvestmentplan.asp">Automatic reinvestment plans</a> usually boost returns in the long run.</li>
</ul>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_44-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-online-brokerages-and-trading-platforms"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_45-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Online Brokerages and Trading Platforms </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_46-0"> Some brokerages have traditional offices, which means that investors are able to supply confidential information in person. Transferring data in person can reduce the risk of <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/identitytheft.asp">identity theft</a>. When trading online, investors are often required to give up personal information through the trading platform or app. <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="2" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/duediligence.asp">Due diligence</a> is crucial.
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_47-0"></div>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_48-0"> Just as with any traditional broker, investors need to know who is getting their information. Read up on the brokerage's background and check out reviews to see if it is legitimate. Beware of fake apps and online platforms designed to harvest personal information. Legitimate apps will usually have a large number of users and reviews.
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_49-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-questionandanswer mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer" id="mntl-sc-block_50-0"><span class="heading-toc" id="toc-why-do-brokers-ask-for-social-security"></span> <h2 class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__question">Why do brokers ask for social security?</h2>
<div class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__answer"><p>Brokers ask for your social security or other tax identification number because they must report to the IRS what you earn on investments and provide you with the correct tax forms. They also may require this information to verify your identity and prevent money laundering or terrorist financing.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="9"></span></p></div>
</div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_51-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-questionandanswer mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer" id="mntl-sc-block_52-0"><span class="heading-toc" id="toc-how-do-you-know-if-the-broker-is-not-a-scammer"></span> <h2 class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__question">How do you know if the broker is not a scammer?</h2>
<div class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__answer"><p>If you are unsure, check the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority’s (FINRA) BrokerCheck or the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Investment Adviser Public Disclosure (IAPD) website. Alternatively, you can call FINRA at (800) 289-9999.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_53-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-questionandanswer mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer" id="mntl-sc-block_54-0"><span class="heading-toc" id="toc-why-do-you-need-id-to-trade"></span> <h2 class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__question">Why do you need ID to trade?</h2>
<div class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__answer"><p>Brokers are required to ask for ID to verify your identity and act in accordance with various regulations, including anti-money laundering and terrorism laws and know your customer policies.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_55-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-the-bottom-line"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_56-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> The Bottom Line </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_57-0"> Don’t be alarmed if your broker starts asking for personal information. They are required by law to ask for certain things, including your name, Social Security and telephone number, date of birth, employment status, and annual income. Normally, getting asked these types of questions is perfectly acceptable.
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_58-0"></div>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_59-0"> There are a number of reasons why this kind of information is required. Some are needed to comply with <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/stockrecord.asp">record keeping</a> and anti-terrorist procedures. Others are collected for tax purposes and to make sure you get recommended the right financial products.
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_60-0"></div>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_61-0"> You’re better off providing what is asked of you. However, if you have any doubts ask, and when sharing confidential information online be extra careful.<br>
</br></p></div> | When investors contact brokers, they are often surprised by the number of requests for personal information. The broker is just complying with the law and rules set forth by the [Securities Exchange Commission (SEC)](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/sec.asp).
Indeed, certain required information must be obtained before a broker can make any trades on behalf of a client. These include your Social Security number or tax ID, your contact information, and whether or not you are an insider at any publicly traded corporation.
### Key Takeaways
* Brokers need personal information to comply with tax laws, anti-money laundering regulations, anti-terrorist financing requirements, record-keeping procedures, and to determine suitable investments.
* Broker-dealers in the U.S. need a tax identification number (TIN) from their clients, which is usually a Social Security number (SSN).
* Non-U.S. citizens can usually use a valid passport number, an alien registration card number, or other government-issued ID numbers instead of an SSN.
* Other frequently requested information includes name, address, and date of birth.
## SSN Requirements for Trading Stocks
Broker-dealers in the U.S. are required to record a [tax identification number (TIN)](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/tax-indentification-number-tin.asp) for their clients, and this number is usually a [Social Security number (SSN)](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/ssn.asp). However, there are several other ways for non-U.S. citizens to supply a TIN. In many cases, a valid passport number, an alien registration card number, and other government-issued ID numbers (such as a driver's license number) can be used.
## Personal Information
Brokers don't ask investors for their personal information to make conversation. There's a perfectly good reason behind it—they have to ask. The type of information required of a broker is spelled out in Rule 17a-3(a)(17) of the [Securities Exchange Act of 1934](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/seact1934.asp).
The rule specifically requires the customer's name, SSN/TIN, mailing address, telephone number, date of birth, employment status (including occupation and whether the customer is an [associated person](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/associatedperson.asp) of an exchange, a broker, or a [dealer](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/dealer.asp)), annual income, net worth (excluding the value of a primary residence), and investment objectives.
Tax compliance is one reason that brokers need personal information. Investors need to report capital gains, losses, and dividends to the IRS. And brokers must have this data in order to send the required forms each year.
The SEC lists three other reasons why brokers are required to ask for personal information. They are [suitability](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/suitable.asp), record-keeping requirements, and anti-terrorist/[anti-money laundering (AML)](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/aml.asp) laws.
## Suitability
Suitability refers to how an investor's financial situation matches the advice and recommendations of a broker. A broker must attempt to understand an investor's circumstances and preferences. The broker should then provide recommendations that are suitable for that person and their investment objectives. A broker who does not do that violates rules laid out by the [National Association of Securities Dealers](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/nasd.asp).
Relevant information includes an individual's [risk tolerance](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/risktolerance.asp), financial goals, debts, number of years to retirement, and [net worth](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/networth.asp). A good broker will tailor advice to particular situations. If a broker advises you to take any action that directly contradicts with your financial goals and circumstances, you might even have grounds for legal action.
## Record-Keeping
The SEC requires brokers to maintain a current record of personal information. Note that if a client refuses to provide this data, the broker is excused from following the rule. However, the broker must be able to prove that an effort was made to obtain and document the information.
Keep in mind that some personal information may change over time and that it's the investor's responsibility to volunteer such new information to update the record. A broker may also ask for updates on an annual basis, or periodically send the information it has on file to customers so that they can verify whether it is still accurate. Address changes may be of particular importance because the investor will receive a [prospectus](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/prospectus.asp) and other information for each investment.
## Terrorism and Money Laundering
Finally, the broker must provide client information to meet anti-money laundering and anti-terrorist financing requirements. The minimum requirements for this section include:
* Name
* Address (home or business address, not a P.O. Box)
* TIN, such as an SSN
* Date of birth (for a person)
This information allows the broker to verify the client's identity. The client's personal data is cross-checked against lists of known or suspected terrorists.
These requirements can create issues for misidentified individuals and victims of identity theft. An identity check in such a case may reveal that an identity has been stolen and is being abused for money laundering purposes.
Before reaching out to a broker, it is a good idea to review credit reports for signs of unusual activity. One of the [best credit monitoring services](https://www.investopedia.com/best-credit-monitoring-services-4846982) would likely be useful in this endeavor. There are also services that monitor Social Security numbers to spot potential theft.
## Additional Information
The [Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA)](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/finra.asp) has a list of other personal information a broker may ask when opening an account. Though not required, it suggests that investors pass these details on so the firm can better serve their trading and investment needs:
* Contact person: They may ask for the name, address, and telephone number of a trusted contact person. FINRA states that this is not a requirement. This information is only needed if the broker is authorized to disclose information in the event of financial exploitation.
* Type of account: The broker may ask investors if they want to open cash accounts or [margin accounts](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/marginaccount.asp). In a cash account, investors are required to pay for their trades with cash deposits. Margin accounts are needed for using most types of leverage and trading [derivatives](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/derivative.asp).
* Uninvested cash: Investors may also be asked how they intend to deal with cash on hand in their accounts. That includes any money they deposit at regular intervals, dividends, or interest on investments. [Automatic reinvestment plans](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/automaticreinvestmentplan.asp) usually boost returns in the long run.
## Online Brokerages and Trading Platforms
Some brokerages have traditional offices, which means that investors are able to supply confidential information in person. Transferring data in person can reduce the risk of [identity theft](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/identitytheft.asp). When trading online, investors are often required to give up personal information through the trading platform or app. [Due diligence](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/duediligence.asp) is crucial.
Just as with any traditional broker, investors need to know who is getting their information. Read up on the brokerage's background and check out reviews to see if it is legitimate. Beware of fake apps and online platforms designed to harvest personal information. Legitimate apps will usually have a large number of users and reviews.
## Why do brokers ask for social security?
Brokers ask for your social security or other tax identification number because they must report to the IRS what you earn on investments and provide you with the correct tax forms. They also may require this information to verify your identity and prevent money laundering or terrorist financing.
## How do you know if the broker is not a scammer?
If you are unsure, check the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority’s (FINRA) BrokerCheck or the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Investment Adviser Public Disclosure (IAPD) website. Alternatively, you can call FINRA at (800) 289-9999.
## Why do you need ID to trade?
Brokers are required to ask for ID to verify your identity and act in accordance with various regulations, including anti-money laundering and terrorism laws and know your customer policies.
## The Bottom Line
Don’t be alarmed if your broker starts asking for personal information. They are required by law to ask for certain things, including your name, Social Security and telephone number, date of birth, employment status, and annual income. Normally, getting asked these types of questions is perfectly acceptable.
There are a number of reasons why this kind of information is required. Some are needed to comply with [record keeping](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/stockrecord.asp) and anti-terrorist procedures. Others are collected for tax purposes and to make sure you get recommended the right financial products.
You’re better off providing what is asked of you. However, if you have any doubts ask, and when sharing confidential information online be extra careful.
| When investors contact brokers, they are often surprised by the number of requests for personal information. The broker is just complying with the law and rules set forth by the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC).
Indeed, certain required information must be obtained before a broker can make any trades on behalf of a client. These include your Social Security number or tax ID, your contact information, and whether or not you are an insider at any publicly traded corporation.
Key Takeaways
Brokers need personal information to comply with tax laws, anti-money laundering regulations, anti-terrorist financing requirements, record-keeping procedures, and to determine suitable investments.Broker-dealers in the U.S. need a tax identification number (TIN) from their clients, which is usually a Social Security number (SSN).Non-U.S. citizens can usually use a valid passport number, an alien registration card number, or other government-issued ID numbers instead of an SSN.Other frequently requested information includes name, address, and date of birth.
SSN Requirements for Trading Stocks
Broker-dealers in the U.S. are required to record a tax identification number (TIN) for their clients, and this number is usually a Social Security number (SSN). However, there are several other ways for non-U.S. citizens to supply a TIN. In many cases, a valid passport number, an alien registration card number, and other government-issued ID numbers (such as a driver's license number) can be used.
Personal Information
Brokers don't ask investors for their personal information to make conversation. There's a perfectly good reason behind it—they have to ask. The type of information required of a broker is spelled out in Rule 17a-3(a)(17) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
The rule specifically requires the customer's name, SSN/TIN, mailing address, telephone number, date of birth, employment status (including occupation and whether the customer is an associated person of an exchange, a broker, or a dealer), annual income, net worth (excluding the value of a primary residence), and investment objectives.
Tax compliance is one reason that brokers need personal information. Investors need to report capital gains, losses, and dividends to the IRS. And brokers must have this data in order to send the required forms each year.
The SEC lists three other reasons why brokers are required to ask for personal information. They are suitability, record-keeping requirements, and anti-terrorist/anti-money laundering (AML) laws.
Suitability
Suitability refers to how an investor's financial situation matches the advice and recommendations of a broker. A broker must attempt to understand an investor's circumstances and preferences. The broker should then provide recommendations that are suitable for that person and their investment objectives. A broker who does not do that violates rules laid out by the National Association of Securities Dealers.
Relevant information includes an individual's risk tolerance, financial goals, debts, number of years to retirement, and net worth. A good broker will tailor advice to particular situations. If a broker advises you to take any action that directly contradicts with your financial goals and circumstances, you might even have grounds for legal action.
Record-Keeping
The SEC requires brokers to maintain a current record of personal information. Note that if a client refuses to provide this data, the broker is excused from following the rule. However, the broker must be able to prove that an effort was made to obtain and document the information.
Keep in mind that some personal information may change over time and that it's the investor's responsibility to volunteer such new information to update the record. A broker may also ask for updates on an annual basis, or periodically send the information it has on file to customers so that they can verify whether it is still accurate. Address changes may be of particular importance because the investor will receive a prospectus and other information for each investment.
Terrorism and Money Laundering
Finally, the broker must provide client information to meet anti-money laundering and anti-terrorist financing requirements. The minimum requirements for this section include:
NameAddress (home or business address, not a P.O. Box)TIN, such as an SSNDate of birth (for a person)
This information allows the broker to verify the client's identity. The client's personal data is cross-checked against lists of known or suspected terrorists.
These requirements can create issues for misidentified individuals and victims of identity theft. An identity check in such a case may reveal that an identity has been stolen and is being abused for money laundering purposes.
Before reaching out to a broker, it is a good idea to review credit reports for signs of unusual activity. One of the best credit monitoring services would likely be useful in this endeavor. There are also services that monitor Social Security numbers to spot potential theft.
Additional Information
The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) has a list of other personal information a broker may ask when opening an account. Though not required, it suggests that investors pass these details on so the firm can better serve their trading and investment needs:
Contact person: They may ask for the name, address, and telephone number of a trusted contact person. FINRA states that this is not a requirement. This information is only needed if the broker is authorized to disclose information in the event of financial exploitation.
Type of account: The broker may ask investors if they want to open cash accounts or margin accounts. In a cash account, investors are required to pay for their trades with cash deposits. Margin accounts are needed for using most types of leverage and trading derivatives.
Uninvested cash: Investors may also be asked how they intend to deal with cash on hand in their accounts. That includes any money they deposit at regular intervals, dividends, or interest on investments. Automatic reinvestment plans usually boost returns in the long run.
Online Brokerages and Trading Platforms
Some brokerages have traditional offices, which means that investors are able to supply confidential information in person. Transferring data in person can reduce the risk of identity theft. When trading online, investors are often required to give up personal information through the trading platform or app. Due diligence is crucial.
Just as with any traditional broker, investors need to know who is getting their information. Read up on the brokerage's background and check out reviews to see if it is legitimate. Beware of fake apps and online platforms designed to harvest personal information. Legitimate apps will usually have a large number of users and reviews.
Why do brokers ask for social security?
Brokers ask for your social security or other tax identification number because they must report to the IRS what you earn on investments and provide you with the correct tax forms. They also may require this information to verify your identity and prevent money laundering or terrorist financing.
How do you know if the broker is not a scammer?
If you are unsure, check the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority’s (FINRA) BrokerCheck or the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Investment Adviser Public Disclosure (IAPD) website. Alternatively, you can call FINRA at (800) 289-9999.
Why do you need ID to trade?
Brokers are required to ask for ID to verify your identity and act in accordance with various regulations, including anti-money laundering and terrorism laws and know your customer policies.
The Bottom Line
Don’t be alarmed if your broker starts asking for personal information. They are required by law to ask for certain things, including your name, Social Security and telephone number, date of birth, employment status, and annual income. Normally, getting asked these types of questions is perfectly acceptable.
There are a number of reasons why this kind of information is required. Some are needed to comply with record keeping and anti-terrorist procedures. Others are collected for tax purposes and to make sure you get recommended the right financial products.
You’re better off providing what is asked of you. However, if you have any doubts ask, and when sharing confidential information online be extra careful.
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https://www.investopedia.com/how-to-inspire-a-love-of-math-5100869 | How to Inspire a Love of Math | <div class="comp mntl-sc-page mntl-block article-body-content" data-bind-scroll-on-start="true" data-sc-ad-label-height="0" data-sc-ad-track-spacing="90" data-sc-breakpoint="50em" data-sc-content-positions="[300, 1, 1, 1250, 1, 1, 1, 1]" data-sc-load-immediate="2" data-sc-max-track-height="600" data-sc-min-track-height="250" data-sc-sticky-offset="80" id="mntl-sc-page_1-0"><p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_1-0"> To some, the standard American math curriculum is anything but inspiring. It can be difficult to some, and others may find it boring or causes anxiety.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="32"></span> In some cases, a lucky few students get the inspiration and motivation required to enjoy and excel in math from a parent or teacher. For others, though, math just doesn't come naturally and they may look to quit at the first opportunity. In this article, we'll look at ways to help inspire someone's interest in math.
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_2-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-callout mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_3-0"><div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-callout mntl-block theme-whatyouneedtoknow" data-tracking-container="true" data-tracking-id="mntl-sc-block-callout" id="mntl-sc-block_4-0"><h3 class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-heading mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-heading_1-0">Key Takeaways</h3>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-body mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-body_1-0"><ul><li>Math may not be for everyone; while it can come naturally to some, others may find it disinteresting, boring, challenging, or anxiety-inducing.</li><li>Suggestions for improvement include looking at the field through the perspective of other disciplines, tying math to issues that impact students presently, and focusing on problem-solving vs. rote memorization.</li><li>Teaching math through playing games and by incorporating media can help students deal with anxiety and counteract boredom.</li><li>People with different backgrounds may have gotten different exposure to math, so be mindful to foster an inclusive environment when trying to inspire a passion for math. </li></ul></div></div></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-look-at-math-instruction-through-a-different-lens"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_5-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Look at Math Instruction Through a Different Lens </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_6-0"> By exploring math instruction through the lens of other subjects, we can start to see why the way that it’s usually taught fails to excite most students. What if we taught music the way that we teach math? Students would learn to read and write music on blank sheets of staff paper. They would learn all about music theory but never play an instrument or listen to music. They would miss the joy of making sound or keeping a beat, the emotion of expressing oneself or getting wrapped up in a melody.
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_8-0"> What if we taught art the way that we teach math? Instead of allowing students to paint, they would learn color theory, the ins and outs of different paintbrushes and types of paint, and the names and accomplishments of a few great artists. They would learn how to paint by numbers in high school, but they would never be encouraged to express themselves through painting on a blank canvas—or even scribbling with crayons on printer paper—until graduate school. Most students don’t make it that far.
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_10-0"> “Sadly, our present system of mathematics education is precisely this kind of nightmare,” writes Paul Lockhart in his 2009 essay “A Mathematician’s Lament.” “In fact, if I had to design a mechanism for the express purpose of destroying a child’s natural curiosity and love of pattern-making, I couldn’t possibly do as good a job as is currently being done—I simply wouldn’t have the imagination to come up with the kind of senseless, soul-crushing ideas that constitute contemporary mathematics education.”<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="1"></span>
</p>
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_12-0"> Fortunately, Lockhart and other math teachers have some ideas about how to change things.
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<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-dont-try-to-reform-math-educationscrap-it"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_14-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Don’t Try to Reform Math Education—Scrap It </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_15-0"> A common refrain is that kids don’t get interested in math because they don’t see the point in learning it. The solution, then, must be to show them <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/salaries-and-compensation-4689802">how math will help them in their careers</a> and adult lives. Lockhart disagrees. He thinks it is the wrong approach because kids don’t care about calculating compound interest.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="26"></span>
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_16-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-callout mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_17-0"><div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-callout mntl-block theme-pullquote" data-tracking-container="true" data-tracking-id="mntl-sc-block-callout" id="mntl-sc-block_18-0"><h3 class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-heading mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-heading_2-0">How Do We Learn?</h3>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-body mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-body_2-0"><p>“We learn things because they interest us now, not because they might be useful later. But this is exactly what we are asking children to do with math.” — Paul Lockhart, “A Mathematician’s Lament”<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="25"></span></p></div></div></div>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_19-0"> So what might make math interesting? One idea is to treat it as an art form. The American Mathematical Society’s web page on mathematical imagery is a good source of inspiration that showcases the beauty of infinite loops, the geometry of nature, even the whimsy of fractal pancakes.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="11"></span> Math comics and graphic novels are two other ways to combine math with art to make the subject more fun and less intimidating.
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<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_20-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-tie-math-to-current-events"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_21-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Tie Math to Current Events </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_22-0"> Ask students about the topics they would like to explore, then design math lessons around their interests. For instance, teachers can show pupils how to apply math to social justice problems.
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_24-0"> An Advanced Placement high school statistics course can explore wealth inequality and immigration. Algebra 2 and precalculus lessons can be applied to the impact of fundraising on a political candidate’s vote tally. Teachers can consult the best-selling book "High School Mathematics Lessons to Explore, Understand, and Respond to Social Injustice," the website SkewTheScript.org, and the Math and Social Justice wiki for ideas.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="16"></span>
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<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_25-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-emphasize-problem-solving-over-memorization"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_26-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Emphasize Problem Solving Over Memorization </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_27-0"> An after-school K–12 math program called the Russian School of Mathematics teaches students to solve math problems by thinking through the logic, not by memorizing and regurgitating formulas and proofs.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="17"></span> Students develop narratives to describe how to solve equations. Given a few numbers, they create their own stories and explanations. The approach is designed to instill an excitement about math that keeps students engaged and helps them learn the material, as reported in <em>The Atlantic</em>.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="30"></span>
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_29-0"> Math is fundamentally about wondering, imagining, and playing, Lockhart writes. It’s about “asking simple and elegant questions about our imaginary creations, and crafting satisfying and beautiful explanations.”<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="27"></span> Depending on whom you ask, it might also be about memorizing multiplication tables, but math education shouldn’t rely so heavily on rote tasks.
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<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_30-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-play-games-and-incorporate-media"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_31-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Play Games and Incorporate Media </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_32-0"> Instead, allow mathematics to be about play. “Play is part of what makes inquiry-based learning and other forms of active learning so effective,” said mathematician Francis Su, in his 2017 farewell speech as outgoing president of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA). “There’s overwhelming evidence that students learn better with active learning.”<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="2"></span>
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_34-0"> Su believes that by allowing mathematics education to be playful, it can build hopefulness, perseverance, community, and rigorous thinking.
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_36-0"> Lockhart suggests doing puzzles and teaching students to play games that require deductive reasoning skills, such as chess, Go, Hex, backgammon, Sprouts, and Nim.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="25"></span>
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_38-0"> For other ideas, check out the National Math Festival’s collection of suggested puzzles, games, books, and videos for ages 2 through 18+. Participate in the National Math Festival’s online events. Explore the interactive experiences at the National Museum of Mathematics in New York City. Right now, it offers many programs online, including virtual field trips for K–12 classes and YouTube videos.
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_40-0"> The “math as play” teaching technique even works at the college level: Check out the inquiry-based learning math books, downloadable as free PDFs, from Discovering the Art of Mathematics, a math approach geared toward liberal arts students.
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<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_41-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-foster-inclusive-classrooms"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_42-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Foster Inclusive Classrooms </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_43-0"> What does an inclusive math classroom look like? In many ways, it’s similar to an inclusive classroom in any other subject, where the instructor makes sure to use students’ preferred names and pronouns regardless of what’s listed on the course roster. It’s one that roots out microaggressions and implicit bias from both the instructor and the students. And it’s one where students with different physical abilities are able to access all the course materials.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="29"></span>
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_45-0"> An inclusive classroom is also one where students learn about contributors to the field from all backgrounds, so they can see themselves as the type of person who could be good at math. In the math classroom, fostering inclusion might mean teaching students about standout mathematicians from all backgrounds.
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<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_46-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-understand-stereotype-threat"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_47-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Understand Stereotype Threat </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_48-0"> Stereotype threat—in which a reputation for underperformance by members of a certain group actually causes them to underperform—seems to affect women’s and minorities’ outcomes in math. Stereotyped groups may have untapped potential that their teachers can draw out if they learn how to fight back against the threat. Teaching students that math ability is not innate but acquired through effort is another way to reduce the threat.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="33"></span><span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="34"></span>
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_50-0"> Also important is not giving an inferior math education to groups that researchers have identified as underperforming. A 2022 study found that ethnically minoritized students had lower STEM GPA when they experienced higher levels and a steeper increase in stereotype risk through college. There remains a lingering correlation between stereotype risk and the performance of minority students.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="35"></span>
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<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_51-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-dont-ignore-math-anxiety"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_52-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Don’t Ignore Math Anxiety </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_53-0"> Two-thirds of math teachers in a representative 2020 survey told the Education Week Research Center that their students experience math anxiety, a challenge that can cause students to avoid math and underperform.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="8"></span> However, some believe the students can pick it up from elementary school teachers or parents who themselves suffer from math anxiety.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="9"></span>
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_55-0"> A pilot program called StoryStrong in Maryland’s Howard County asks eighth-grade students to explore their emotions surrounding math, from the experiences that have shaped their relationship with the subject to their insights on how they can succeed.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="24"></span> It’s meant to give students the psychological support that they need to develop a positive “math identity.” As it’s so new, how well it works is not known, but it seems to hold promise.
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<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-advocate-for-struggling-students"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_57-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Advocate for Struggling Students </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_58-0"> Frustrated teachers sometimes write off students who are struggling and tell them that they aren’t cut out for math. Instead, teachers should advocate for them, MAA’s Su urges. Likewise, be aware that we all hold biases about the gender, race, and <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/social-economics.asp">socioeconomic</a> status of those who we expect to be good or bad at math.<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="2"></span>
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<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_59-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-callout mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_60-0"><div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-callout mntl-block theme-pullquote" data-tracking-container="true" data-tracking-id="mntl-sc-block-callout" id="mntl-sc-block_61-0"><h3 class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-heading mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-heading_3-0">What Does a Mathematician Look Like?</h3>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block-callout-body mntl-text-block" id="mntl-sc-block-callout-body_3-0"><p>“The demographics of the mathematical community does not look like the demographics of America. We have left whole segments out of the benefits of the flourishing available in our profession.” — Francis Su, “Mathematics for Human Flourishing”<span class="ql-inline-citation" data-cite="2"></span></p></div></div></div>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_62-0"> Push back when a student says they aren’t a math person. Let them know that even if they struggle with one aspect of math, they might enjoy another type. Emphasize that, as stated above, math ability is not innate and must be acquired. Students who appear to be gifted may just be better educated. Perhaps they got a head start from math-fluent parents. They shouldn’t be the metric against which other students judge themselves.
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_63-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-help-students-pursue-extracurricular-math"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_64-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Help Students Pursue Extracurricular Math </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_65-0"> Struggling or not, students can benefit from math classes and programs outside of school that take a different approach than the typical curriculum and engage pupils in activities that make math fun. Math camps, math circles, and math competitions can provide the spark that a child or teenager needs to increase their math self-esteem and develop an interest in the subject. Financial aid may be available for families who can’t afford the fees.
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<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_67-0"> In the battle against stereotype threat, math anxiety, and mind-numbing curricula, teachers have many weapons to fight back. With a little creativity—and, admittedly, enough flexibility to do anything other than teach students how to pass their next standardized test—instructors can employ art, play, current events, and psychology <a data-component="link" data-ordinal="1" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" href="https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/030516/jim-simons-success-story-net-worth-education-top-quotes.asp">to inspire a love of math in more students</a>.
</p>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_68-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-questionandanswer mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer" id="mntl-sc-block_69-0"><span class="heading-toc" id="toc-how-can-you-motivate-children-to-learn-math"></span> <h2 class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__question">How Can You Motivate Children to Learn Math?</h2>
<div class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__answer"><p>Motivating a child to learn math is similar to motivating a child to learn any number of subjects. Praising the effort rather than the ability of the child learning, being patient and consistent, and finding ways to make learning more interactive can help. </p></div>
</div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_70-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-questionandanswer mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer" id="mntl-sc-block_71-0"><span class="heading-toc" id="toc-why-is-math-so-difficult-for-many-students"></span> <h2 class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__question">Why Is Math So Difficult for Many Students?</h2>
<div class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__answer"><p>Traditional math instruction involves rote memorization, frequent testing, and using a multi-step approach to solving problems. All of these factors can make it harder for some students to learn than many other subjects. There are also societal and economic biases that play a role in math and math education that add to the difficulty level for some children.</p></div>
</div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_72-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-questionandanswer mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer" id="mntl-sc-block_73-0"><span class="heading-toc" id="toc-what-triggers-math-anxiety"></span> <h2 class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__question">What Triggers Math Anxiety?</h2>
<div class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__answer"><p>Math is a difficult subject for many children, starting from the way it has been traditionally taught. When it's taught in a way that stresses memorization, testing, and the correct solving of problems above all else, it can create distress for students. </p></div>
</div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_74-0"></div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-questionandanswer mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer" id="mntl-sc-block_75-0"><span class="heading-toc" id="toc-what-are-some-fun-ways-to-learn-math"></span> <h2 class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__question">What Are Some Fun Ways to Learn Math?</h2>
<div class="mntl-sc-block-questionandanswer__answer"><p>A math curriculum can become more enjoyable when it involves media and technology elements, including video, gaming, and other visual media. Any creative or lighter approach that gets students away from strict memorization and testing can also help with the fun element. </p></div>
</div>
<div class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block" id="mntl-sc-block_76-0"></div>
<span class="heading-toc" id="toc-the-bottom-line"></span><h2 class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading" id="mntl-sc-block_77-0"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> The Bottom Line </span> </h2>
<p class="comp mntl-sc-block finance-sc-block-html mntl-sc-block-html" id="mntl-sc-block_78-0"> Every individual has their own preferences, and some may simply not care to learn math. Whether it's challenging, boring, overwhelming, or appears pointless, there are many things to considering when trying to inspire others to learn math. Be mindful of how many different factors (interests, demographics, resource access) can play a factor.
</p></div> | To some, the standard American math curriculum is anything but inspiring. It can be difficult to some, and others may find it boring or causes anxiety. In some cases, a lucky few students get the inspiration and motivation required to enjoy and excel in math from a parent or teacher. For others, though, math just doesn't come naturally and they may look to quit at the first opportunity. In this article, we'll look at ways to help inspire someone's interest in math.
### Key Takeaways
* Math may not be for everyone; while it can come naturally to some, others may find it disinteresting, boring, challenging, or anxiety-inducing.
* Suggestions for improvement include looking at the field through the perspective of other disciplines, tying math to issues that impact students presently, and focusing on problem-solving vs. rote memorization.
* Teaching math through playing games and by incorporating media can help students deal with anxiety and counteract boredom.
* People with different backgrounds may have gotten different exposure to math, so be mindful to foster an inclusive environment when trying to inspire a passion for math.
## Look at Math Instruction Through a Different Lens
By exploring math instruction through the lens of other subjects, we can start to see why the way that it’s usually taught fails to excite most students. What if we taught music the way that we teach math? Students would learn to read and write music on blank sheets of staff paper. They would learn all about music theory but never play an instrument or listen to music. They would miss the joy of making sound or keeping a beat, the emotion of expressing oneself or getting wrapped up in a melody.
What if we taught art the way that we teach math? Instead of allowing students to paint, they would learn color theory, the ins and outs of different paintbrushes and types of paint, and the names and accomplishments of a few great artists. They would learn how to paint by numbers in high school, but they would never be encouraged to express themselves through painting on a blank canvas—or even scribbling with crayons on printer paper—until graduate school. Most students don’t make it that far.
“Sadly, our present system of mathematics education is precisely this kind of nightmare,” writes Paul Lockhart in his 2009 essay “A Mathematician’s Lament.” “In fact, if I had to design a mechanism for the express purpose of destroying a child’s natural curiosity and love of pattern-making, I couldn’t possibly do as good a job as is currently being done—I simply wouldn’t have the imagination to come up with the kind of senseless, soul-crushing ideas that constitute contemporary mathematics education.”
Fortunately, Lockhart and other math teachers have some ideas about how to change things.
## Don’t Try to Reform Math Education—Scrap It
A common refrain is that kids don’t get interested in math because they don’t see the point in learning it. The solution, then, must be to show them [how math will help them in their careers](https://www.investopedia.com/salaries-and-compensation-4689802) and adult lives. Lockhart disagrees. He thinks it is the wrong approach because kids don’t care about calculating compound interest.
### How Do We Learn?
“We learn things because they interest us now, not because they might be useful later. But this is exactly what we are asking children to do with math.” — Paul Lockhart, “A Mathematician’s Lament”
So what might make math interesting? One idea is to treat it as an art form. The American Mathematical Society’s web page on mathematical imagery is a good source of inspiration that showcases the beauty of infinite loops, the geometry of nature, even the whimsy of fractal pancakes. Math comics and graphic novels are two other ways to combine math with art to make the subject more fun and less intimidating.
## Tie Math to Current Events
Ask students about the topics they would like to explore, then design math lessons around their interests. For instance, teachers can show pupils how to apply math to social justice problems.
An Advanced Placement high school statistics course can explore wealth inequality and immigration. Algebra 2 and precalculus lessons can be applied to the impact of fundraising on a political candidate’s vote tally. Teachers can consult the best-selling book "High School Mathematics Lessons to Explore, Understand, and Respond to Social Injustice," the website SkewTheScript.org, and the Math and Social Justice wiki for ideas.
## Emphasize Problem Solving Over Memorization
An after-school K–12 math program called the Russian School of Mathematics teaches students to solve math problems by thinking through the logic, not by memorizing and regurgitating formulas and proofs. Students develop narratives to describe how to solve equations. Given a few numbers, they create their own stories and explanations. The approach is designed to instill an excitement about math that keeps students engaged and helps them learn the material, as reported in *The Atlantic*.
Math is fundamentally about wondering, imagining, and playing, Lockhart writes. It’s about “asking simple and elegant questions about our imaginary creations, and crafting satisfying and beautiful explanations.” Depending on whom you ask, it might also be about memorizing multiplication tables, but math education shouldn’t rely so heavily on rote tasks.
## Play Games and Incorporate Media
Instead, allow mathematics to be about play. “Play is part of what makes inquiry-based learning and other forms of active learning so effective,” said mathematician Francis Su, in his 2017 farewell speech as outgoing president of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA). “There’s overwhelming evidence that students learn better with active learning.”
Su believes that by allowing mathematics education to be playful, it can build hopefulness, perseverance, community, and rigorous thinking.
Lockhart suggests doing puzzles and teaching students to play games that require deductive reasoning skills, such as chess, Go, Hex, backgammon, Sprouts, and Nim.
For other ideas, check out the National Math Festival’s collection of suggested puzzles, games, books, and videos for ages 2 through 18+. Participate in the National Math Festival’s online events. Explore the interactive experiences at the National Museum of Mathematics in New York City. Right now, it offers many programs online, including virtual field trips for K–12 classes and YouTube videos.
The “math as play” teaching technique even works at the college level: Check out the inquiry-based learning math books, downloadable as free PDFs, from Discovering the Art of Mathematics, a math approach geared toward liberal arts students.
## Foster Inclusive Classrooms
What does an inclusive math classroom look like? In many ways, it’s similar to an inclusive classroom in any other subject, where the instructor makes sure to use students’ preferred names and pronouns regardless of what’s listed on the course roster. It’s one that roots out microaggressions and implicit bias from both the instructor and the students. And it’s one where students with different physical abilities are able to access all the course materials.
An inclusive classroom is also one where students learn about contributors to the field from all backgrounds, so they can see themselves as the type of person who could be good at math. In the math classroom, fostering inclusion might mean teaching students about standout mathematicians from all backgrounds.
## Understand Stereotype Threat
Stereotype threat—in which a reputation for underperformance by members of a certain group actually causes them to underperform—seems to affect women’s and minorities’ outcomes in math. Stereotyped groups may have untapped potential that their teachers can draw out if they learn how to fight back against the threat. Teaching students that math ability is not innate but acquired through effort is another way to reduce the threat.
Also important is not giving an inferior math education to groups that researchers have identified as underperforming. A 2022 study found that ethnically minoritized students had lower STEM GPA when they experienced higher levels and a steeper increase in stereotype risk through college. There remains a lingering correlation between stereotype risk and the performance of minority students.
## Don’t Ignore Math Anxiety
Two-thirds of math teachers in a representative 2020 survey told the Education Week Research Center that their students experience math anxiety, a challenge that can cause students to avoid math and underperform. However, some believe the students can pick it up from elementary school teachers or parents who themselves suffer from math anxiety.
A pilot program called StoryStrong in Maryland’s Howard County asks eighth-grade students to explore their emotions surrounding math, from the experiences that have shaped their relationship with the subject to their insights on how they can succeed. It’s meant to give students the psychological support that they need to develop a positive “math identity.” As it’s so new, how well it works is not known, but it seems to hold promise.
## Advocate for Struggling Students
Frustrated teachers sometimes write off students who are struggling and tell them that they aren’t cut out for math. Instead, teachers should advocate for them, MAA’s Su urges. Likewise, be aware that we all hold biases about the gender, race, and [socioeconomic](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/social-economics.asp) status of those who we expect to be good or bad at math.
### What Does a Mathematician Look Like?
“The demographics of the mathematical community does not look like the demographics of America. We have left whole segments out of the benefits of the flourishing available in our profession.” — Francis Su, “Mathematics for Human Flourishing”
Push back when a student says they aren’t a math person. Let them know that even if they struggle with one aspect of math, they might enjoy another type. Emphasize that, as stated above, math ability is not innate and must be acquired. Students who appear to be gifted may just be better educated. Perhaps they got a head start from math-fluent parents. They shouldn’t be the metric against which other students judge themselves.
## Help Students Pursue Extracurricular Math
Struggling or not, students can benefit from math classes and programs outside of school that take a different approach than the typical curriculum and engage pupils in activities that make math fun. Math camps, math circles, and math competitions can provide the spark that a child or teenager needs to increase their math self-esteem and develop an interest in the subject. Financial aid may be available for families who can’t afford the fees.
In the battle against stereotype threat, math anxiety, and mind-numbing curricula, teachers have many weapons to fight back. With a little creativity—and, admittedly, enough flexibility to do anything other than teach students how to pass their next standardized test—instructors can employ art, play, current events, and psychology [to inspire a love of math in more students](https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/030516/jim-simons-success-story-net-worth-education-top-quotes.asp).
## How Can You Motivate Children to Learn Math?
Motivating a child to learn math is similar to motivating a child to learn any number of subjects. Praising the effort rather than the ability of the child learning, being patient and consistent, and finding ways to make learning more interactive can help.
## Why Is Math So Difficult for Many Students?
Traditional math instruction involves rote memorization, frequent testing, and using a multi-step approach to solving problems. All of these factors can make it harder for some students to learn than many other subjects. There are also societal and economic biases that play a role in math and math education that add to the difficulty level for some children.
## What Triggers Math Anxiety?
Math is a difficult subject for many children, starting from the way it has been traditionally taught. When it's taught in a way that stresses memorization, testing, and the correct solving of problems above all else, it can create distress for students.
## What Are Some Fun Ways to Learn Math?
A math curriculum can become more enjoyable when it involves media and technology elements, including video, gaming, and other visual media. Any creative or lighter approach that gets students away from strict memorization and testing can also help with the fun element.
## The Bottom Line
Every individual has their own preferences, and some may simply not care to learn math. Whether it's challenging, boring, overwhelming, or appears pointless, there are many things to considering when trying to inspire others to learn math. Be mindful of how many different factors (interests, demographics, resource access) can play a factor.
| To some, the standard American math curriculum is anything but inspiring. It can be difficult to some, and others may find it boring or causes anxiety. In some cases, a lucky few students get the inspiration and motivation required to enjoy and excel in math from a parent or teacher. For others, though, math just doesn't come naturally and they may look to quit at the first opportunity. In this article, we'll look at ways to help inspire someone's interest in math.
Key Takeaways
Math may not be for everyone; while it can come naturally to some, others may find it disinteresting, boring, challenging, or anxiety-inducing.Suggestions for improvement include looking at the field through the perspective of other disciplines, tying math to issues that impact students presently, and focusing on problem-solving vs. rote memorization.Teaching math through playing games and by incorporating media can help students deal with anxiety and counteract boredom.People with different backgrounds may have gotten different exposure to math, so be mindful to foster an inclusive environment when trying to inspire a passion for math.
Look at Math Instruction Through a Different Lens
By exploring math instruction through the lens of other subjects, we can start to see why the way that it’s usually taught fails to excite most students. What if we taught music the way that we teach math? Students would learn to read and write music on blank sheets of staff paper. They would learn all about music theory but never play an instrument or listen to music. They would miss the joy of making sound or keeping a beat, the emotion of expressing oneself or getting wrapped up in a melody.
What if we taught art the way that we teach math? Instead of allowing students to paint, they would learn color theory, the ins and outs of different paintbrushes and types of paint, and the names and accomplishments of a few great artists. They would learn how to paint by numbers in high school, but they would never be encouraged to express themselves through painting on a blank canvas—or even scribbling with crayons on printer paper—until graduate school. Most students don’t make it that far.
“Sadly, our present system of mathematics education is precisely this kind of nightmare,” writes Paul Lockhart in his 2009 essay “A Mathematician’s Lament.” “In fact, if I had to design a mechanism for the express purpose of destroying a child’s natural curiosity and love of pattern-making, I couldn’t possibly do as good a job as is currently being done—I simply wouldn’t have the imagination to come up with the kind of senseless, soul-crushing ideas that constitute contemporary mathematics education.”
Fortunately, Lockhart and other math teachers have some ideas about how to change things.
Don’t Try to Reform Math Education—Scrap It
A common refrain is that kids don’t get interested in math because they don’t see the point in learning it. The solution, then, must be to show them how math will help them in their careers and adult lives. Lockhart disagrees. He thinks it is the wrong approach because kids don’t care about calculating compound interest.
How Do We Learn?
“We learn things because they interest us now, not because they might be useful later. But this is exactly what we are asking children to do with math.” — Paul Lockhart, “A Mathematician’s Lament”
So what might make math interesting? One idea is to treat it as an art form. The American Mathematical Society’s web page on mathematical imagery is a good source of inspiration that showcases the beauty of infinite loops, the geometry of nature, even the whimsy of fractal pancakes. Math comics and graphic novels are two other ways to combine math with art to make the subject more fun and less intimidating.
Tie Math to Current Events
Ask students about the topics they would like to explore, then design math lessons around their interests. For instance, teachers can show pupils how to apply math to social justice problems.
An Advanced Placement high school statistics course can explore wealth inequality and immigration. Algebra 2 and precalculus lessons can be applied to the impact of fundraising on a political candidate’s vote tally. Teachers can consult the best-selling book "High School Mathematics Lessons to Explore, Understand, and Respond to Social Injustice," the website SkewTheScript.org, and the Math and Social Justice wiki for ideas.
Emphasize Problem Solving Over Memorization
An after-school K–12 math program called the Russian School of Mathematics teaches students to solve math problems by thinking through the logic, not by memorizing and regurgitating formulas and proofs. Students develop narratives to describe how to solve equations. Given a few numbers, they create their own stories and explanations. The approach is designed to instill an excitement about math that keeps students engaged and helps them learn the material, as reported in The Atlantic.
Math is fundamentally about wondering, imagining, and playing, Lockhart writes. It’s about “asking simple and elegant questions about our imaginary creations, and crafting satisfying and beautiful explanations.” Depending on whom you ask, it might also be about memorizing multiplication tables, but math education shouldn’t rely so heavily on rote tasks.
Play Games and Incorporate Media
Instead, allow mathematics to be about play. “Play is part of what makes inquiry-based learning and other forms of active learning so effective,” said mathematician Francis Su, in his 2017 farewell speech as outgoing president of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA). “There’s overwhelming evidence that students learn better with active learning.”
Su believes that by allowing mathematics education to be playful, it can build hopefulness, perseverance, community, and rigorous thinking.
Lockhart suggests doing puzzles and teaching students to play games that require deductive reasoning skills, such as chess, Go, Hex, backgammon, Sprouts, and Nim.
For other ideas, check out the National Math Festival’s collection of suggested puzzles, games, books, and videos for ages 2 through 18+. Participate in the National Math Festival’s online events. Explore the interactive experiences at the National Museum of Mathematics in New York City. Right now, it offers many programs online, including virtual field trips for K–12 classes and YouTube videos.
The “math as play” teaching technique even works at the college level: Check out the inquiry-based learning math books, downloadable as free PDFs, from Discovering the Art of Mathematics, a math approach geared toward liberal arts students.
Foster Inclusive Classrooms
What does an inclusive math classroom look like? In many ways, it’s similar to an inclusive classroom in any other subject, where the instructor makes sure to use students’ preferred names and pronouns regardless of what’s listed on the course roster. It’s one that roots out microaggressions and implicit bias from both the instructor and the students. And it’s one where students with different physical abilities are able to access all the course materials.
An inclusive classroom is also one where students learn about contributors to the field from all backgrounds, so they can see themselves as the type of person who could be good at math. In the math classroom, fostering inclusion might mean teaching students about standout mathematicians from all backgrounds.
Understand Stereotype Threat
Stereotype threat—in which a reputation for underperformance by members of a certain group actually causes them to underperform—seems to affect women’s and minorities’ outcomes in math. Stereotyped groups may have untapped potential that their teachers can draw out if they learn how to fight back against the threat. Teaching students that math ability is not innate but acquired through effort is another way to reduce the threat.
Also important is not giving an inferior math education to groups that researchers have identified as underperforming. A 2022 study found that ethnically minoritized students had lower STEM GPA when they experienced higher levels and a steeper increase in stereotype risk through college. There remains a lingering correlation between stereotype risk and the performance of minority students.
Don’t Ignore Math Anxiety
Two-thirds of math teachers in a representative 2020 survey told the Education Week Research Center that their students experience math anxiety, a challenge that can cause students to avoid math and underperform. However, some believe the students can pick it up from elementary school teachers or parents who themselves suffer from math anxiety.
A pilot program called StoryStrong in Maryland’s Howard County asks eighth-grade students to explore their emotions surrounding math, from the experiences that have shaped their relationship with the subject to their insights on how they can succeed. It’s meant to give students the psychological support that they need to develop a positive “math identity.” As it’s so new, how well it works is not known, but it seems to hold promise.
Advocate for Struggling Students
Frustrated teachers sometimes write off students who are struggling and tell them that they aren’t cut out for math. Instead, teachers should advocate for them, MAA’s Su urges. Likewise, be aware that we all hold biases about the gender, race, and socioeconomic status of those who we expect to be good or bad at math.
What Does a Mathematician Look Like?
“The demographics of the mathematical community does not look like the demographics of America. We have left whole segments out of the benefits of the flourishing available in our profession.” — Francis Su, “Mathematics for Human Flourishing”
Push back when a student says they aren’t a math person. Let them know that even if they struggle with one aspect of math, they might enjoy another type. Emphasize that, as stated above, math ability is not innate and must be acquired. Students who appear to be gifted may just be better educated. Perhaps they got a head start from math-fluent parents. They shouldn’t be the metric against which other students judge themselves.
Help Students Pursue Extracurricular Math
Struggling or not, students can benefit from math classes and programs outside of school that take a different approach than the typical curriculum and engage pupils in activities that make math fun. Math camps, math circles, and math competitions can provide the spark that a child or teenager needs to increase their math self-esteem and develop an interest in the subject. Financial aid may be available for families who can’t afford the fees.
In the battle against stereotype threat, math anxiety, and mind-numbing curricula, teachers have many weapons to fight back. With a little creativity—and, admittedly, enough flexibility to do anything other than teach students how to pass their next standardized test—instructors can employ art, play, current events, and psychology to inspire a love of math in more students.
How Can You Motivate Children to Learn Math?
Motivating a child to learn math is similar to motivating a child to learn any number of subjects. Praising the effort rather than the ability of the child learning, being patient and consistent, and finding ways to make learning more interactive can help.
Why Is Math So Difficult for Many Students?
Traditional math instruction involves rote memorization, frequent testing, and using a multi-step approach to solving problems. All of these factors can make it harder for some students to learn than many other subjects. There are also societal and economic biases that play a role in math and math education that add to the difficulty level for some children.
What Triggers Math Anxiety?
Math is a difficult subject for many children, starting from the way it has been traditionally taught. When it's taught in a way that stresses memorization, testing, and the correct solving of problems above all else, it can create distress for students.
What Are Some Fun Ways to Learn Math?
A math curriculum can become more enjoyable when it involves media and technology elements, including video, gaming, and other visual media. Any creative or lighter approach that gets students away from strict memorization and testing can also help with the fun element.
The Bottom Line
Every individual has their own preferences, and some may simply not care to learn math. Whether it's challenging, boring, overwhelming, or appears pointless, there are many things to considering when trying to inspire others to learn math. Be mindful of how many different factors (interests, demographics, resource access) can play a factor.
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https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/070815/what-are-main-risks-associated-trading-derivatives.asp | What Are the Main Risks Associated With Trading Derivatives? | "<div class=\"comp mntl-sc-page mntl-block article-body-content\" data-bind-scroll-on-start=\"true\"(...TRUNCATED) | " Derivatives are investment instruments that consist of a contract between parties whose value deri(...TRUNCATED) | " Derivatives are investment instruments that consist of a contract between parties whose value deri(...TRUNCATED) | [["swaps","https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/swap.asp"],["derivatives","https://www.investopedia.(...TRUNCATED) |
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/riskrewardratio.asp | Risk/Reward Ratio: What It Is, How Stock Investors Use It | "<div class=\"comp mntl-sc-page mntl-block article-body-content\" data-bind-scroll-on-start=\"true\"(...TRUNCATED) | "## What Is the Risk/Reward Ratio?\n\n\n The risk/reward ratio—also known as the risk/return ratio(...TRUNCATED) | " What Is the Risk/Reward Ratio? \n The risk/reward ratio—also known as the risk/return ratio(...TRUNCATED) | [["expected returns","https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/expectedreturn.asp"],["trader","https://w(...TRUNCATED) |
https://www.investopedia.com/the-express-podcast-episode-154-7970997 | Jay Williams and Joe McLean on Investing in Sports and Building Brands Outside the Lines | "<div class=\"comp mntl-sc-page mntl-block article-body-content\" data-bind-scroll-on-start=\"true\"(...TRUNCATED) | "\n\n **Subscribe Now**: [Apple Podcasts](https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-investopedia-ex(...TRUNCATED) | " \n \n Subscribe Now: Apple Podcasts / Spotify / Google Podcasts / PlayerFM\n \n \n Live(...TRUNCATED) | [["Apple Podcasts","https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-investopedia-express-with-caleb-silver(...TRUNCATED) |
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in Dataset Viewer.
Description
Overview
This dataset contains article content obtained from a web crawl of Investopedia.
Contents
The dataset comprises various articles from Investopedia, covering a wide range of financial and investment topics.
Source
All content has been sourced from Investopedia through web crawling.
Usage
This dataset can be used for various purposes such as:
- Financial analysis
- Sentiment analysis
- Text mining and natural language processing (NLP)
- Building financial educational tools
Notes
- Ensure proper attribution to Investopedia when using this dataset.
- Verify the accuracy of the information, as financial content may become outdated.
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