conversations
listlengths 2
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|
|---|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are the 3 parts of the atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "protons, electrons, neutrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is located in the nucleus?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "protons and neutrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What charge does a proton have?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "positive (+)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What charge does a electron have?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "negative (-)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How much does a proton and neutron each weigh?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1 amu"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How much does an electron weigh?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "0 amu"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many electrons do I need to cancel out the charge of 10 protons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "10 electrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the atomic mass the sum of?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "weight of protons and neutrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why don't we include electrons in the atomic mass?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Electrons have no weight"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What determines the element name?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "number of protons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the building block of all matter?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the atom"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is an atom made up of mostly?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "empty space"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Where is the nucleus of an atom located?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Center of an atom"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "If you know ONLY the following information can you ALWAYS determine what the element is? (Yes/No)\\na. Number of protons\\nb. Number of neutrons\\nc. Number of electrons in a neutral atom\\nd. Number of electrons"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "a. Yes\\nb. No\\nc. Yes\\nd. No"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Is it possible for Nitrogen to have 7 protons, 8 neutrons, and 7 electrons? If so what is it called?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Yes--the protons determine the type of atom, Not the neutrons or electrons, those can vary"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many protons does Einsteinium have?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "99"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many protons does Molybdenum have?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "42"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the approx. atomic mass for Iron?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "56"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the atomic symbol for Gold?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Au"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many protons does Neon have?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "10"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many electrons does Silicon have?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "14"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Describe the photoelectric effect and explain why it made modifications to the Rutherford model necessary."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1. According to the Rutherford model, light of any energy should be able to make electrons leave the atom and be emitted.\\n2. The energy of the emitted electrons should be related to the intensity of the light.\\n3. Electrons are emitted only for certain wavelengths, and those wavelengths vary from atom to atom. The energy of the emitted electrons depends on the energy of the light, not its intensity."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Compare the modern (electron cloud) model of the atom with Dalton's atomic model. Which of these statements describe the two models correctly? Check all of the boxes that apply."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1. Dalton's model represented atoms as indivisible, but the modern theory recognizes that they contain smaller particles.\\n2. The modern model explains all available data about atoms; Dalton's model does not."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which symbols represent atoms that are isotopes?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "O-16 and O-18\\nIsotopes are atoms of the same element (same atomic number) but with a different number of neutrons (different atomic mass)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which element's ionic radius is smaller than its atomic radius?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "sodium\\nElements that lose electrons form positive ions that are smaller than atoms of the same element. Therefore the ionic radius of these ions is smaller than its atomic radius. Only choice 3, sodium, is a metal that will lose electrons. Neon is stable and will neither lose nor gain electrons. N and S will tend to gain electrons, each having a larger ionic radius than atomic radius."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which atom contains exactly 15 protons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "P-32\\nAn atom with 15 protons also has an atomic number of 15. Refer to the Periodic Table for element 15 (phosphorus)."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the mass number of an atom which contains 28 protons, 28 electrons, and 34 neutrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "62\\nAtomic mass is found by adding protons plus neutrons. 28 + 34 = 62. Electrons have a mass of nearly 0 so they are not counted in the formula for atomic mass."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Chadwick is known for discovering which subatomic particle?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "neutron"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which quantity identifies an element?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "total number of protons in an atom of the element"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why do you think the mass of the carbon atom shown is 12 atomic mass units (amu)?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "You add protons and neutrons to find the atomic mass units."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How did you figure out the number of electrons in each atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Its the same as protons because its neutral."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How did you figure out the number of protons in each atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "By looking at the atomic number."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How did you figure out the number of neutrons in each atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "By subtracting the atomic mass units with the protons."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How did you figure out the mass of each atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "By adding protons and neutrons."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How does the mass of each atom compare to the average atomic mass of the element given in the periodic table?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "They are very similar in the numbers, but there are little differences."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "If you know the atomic number of an element, what information does it give you about neutral atoms of that element?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Atomic number, then you'll find number of protons of an element."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Explain how you can estimate the number of neutrons in the atoms of an element."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "you can estimate the number of neutrons by subtracting atomic number by atomic mass."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the atomic number of the atom that has 11 protons, 11 electrons and 12 neutrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "11"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the mass number of the atom that has 11 protons, 11 electrons and 12 neutrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "23"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the name of the atom that has 11 protons, 11 electrons and 12 neutrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "sodium (Na)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is/are similar about Carbon-12 and Carbon-14?\\na.They both react the same.\\nb.They both have the same number of protons.\\nc.They both have 2 electrons in their outer energy level.\\nd.All of the above are similar."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "a.They both react the same.\\nb.They both have the same number of protons."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is/are the difference(s) between Carbon-12 and Carbon-14?\\na.Carbon-14 is heavier than Carbon-12.\\nb.Carbon-12 has 2 more neutrons than Carbon-14.\\nc.Carbon-12 is a radioactive isotope and Carbon-14 is not.\\nd.All of the above are differences."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "a.Carbon-14 is heavier than Carbon-12."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following would change Oxygen into another isotope?\\na.add or remove a neutron\\nb.add or remove a proton\\nc.add or remove a valence electron\\nd.add or remoe an ion"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "a.add or remove a neutron"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following would change Oxygen into another atom?\\na.add or remove a neutron\\nb.add or remove a proton\\nc.add or remove a valence electron\\nd.add or remoe an ion"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "b.add or remove a proton"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following would change Oxygen into an ion?\\na.add or remove a neutron\\nb.add or remove a proton\\nc.add or remove a valence electron\\nd.add or remoe an ion"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "c.add or remove a valence electron"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many protons are in the neutral atom represented by: 13 Al ?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "13"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many neutrons are in the neutral atom represented by: 13 Al ?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "14"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the mass number of the neutral atom represented by: C-14 ?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "14"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many neutrons are contained in the neutral atom represented by: C-14 ?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "8"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following is the most reactive metal?\\na.Lithium (Li)\\nb.Francium (Fr)\\nc.Fluorine (F)\\nd.Gold (Au)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Francium (Fr)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Atom X has 2 protons, 2 neutrons, and 2 electrons. Atom Y has 9 protons, 10 neutrons and 9 electrons.Atom Z has 26 protons, 30 neutrons, and 26 electrons.\\n Which atom is the most reactive?\\na.atom X\\nb.atom Y\\nc.atom Z\\nd.none of the atoms are reactive"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "atom Y"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following elements would have chemical properties similar to Sulfur?\\na.Phosphorus\\nb.Chlorine\\nc.Oxygen\\nd.Argon"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Oxygen"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many electrons does a Phosphorus atom have in its outer energy level?\\na.2\\nb.3\\nc.5\\nd.15"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "5"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following is a nonmetal?\\na.silicon (Si)\\nb.aluminum (Al)\\nc.hydrogen (H)\\nd.uranium (U)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "hydrogen (H)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following is a metalloid?\\na.silicon (Si)\\nb.aluminum (Al)\\nc.hydrogen (H)\\nd.uranium (U)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "silicon (Si)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following is a metal?\\na.silicon (Si)\\nb.aluminum (Al)\\nc.hydrogen (H)\\nd.helium (He)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "aluminum (Al)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Democritus and Dalton both proposed that matter consists of atoms, how did their approaches to reaching that conclusion differ?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "democritus: proposed the idea\\n\\ndalton: 5 principles and tested it"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what parts of daltons theory are correct"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "everything made of atoms, compound are made of atoms from multiple elements, chemical reaction is arrangement, separation, and combination of atoms"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what parts of daltons theory are incorrect"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "all atoms of an element are the same"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what subatomic particles contribute to the mass of an atom"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "protons and neutrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what did rutherford expect to happen during his gold foil experiment , why did he think that and what did his results show"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "particles would penetrate the thin foil and they may scatter because the charge in the metals' particles\\n\\ndiscovered small portion of the molecules were scattered at larger than 90* angles = small fraction held most of the mass of the atom"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "why do we still use bohr model today instead of the current model when teaching basic chemistry"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "more refined model\\nputs current knowledge in context\\neasier to understand some may say"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what does the cloud of the current theory represent"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "probability where the electron is"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "how can atomic number and atomic mass number be used to find the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "atomic #---> # of protons and electrons\\n\\natomic mass---atomic # ----> neutrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "how are isotopes of the same element alike, how are they different"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "same chemical properties\\n\\ndifferent nuclear properties and physical properties"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "the atomic mass of elements are generally not whole numbers explain why"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the slight difference in average atomic mass takes account for the larger masses"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "how is the atomic mass of an element calculated from isotope data"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "element sum of the masses of its isotopes, each multiplied by its natural abundance"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Shape of s orbitals?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "spherical"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Shape of p orbital?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "dumbbell-shaped or peanut shaped"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many p orbitals are in a sublevel?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "3 orbitals and 6 electrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many electrons can each orbital hold?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What do the x, y, and z refer to?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the axis on which the orbital lie"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many d orbitals are in a given sublevel?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "5"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many electrons can d sublevel hold?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "10"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which d orbitals have same shape?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What point on the diagrams represents an atom's nucleus?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "000"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How likely is it that an electron occupying a p or d orbital would be found very near the atom's nucleus and which diagram supports this?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "-0% chance of electron in nucleus\\n-p orbital diagrams"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What does the term \"chlorine\" mean?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Cl"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What did Dalton do?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "He studied the ratios in which elements combine in chemical reactions"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "In 1886 Eugen Goldstein (1850-1930)\\nfound evidence of a positively charged particle.\\n\\nWas this really 11 years before Thomson's discovery?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "He observed a cathode ray tube and found rays traveling in the opposite direction to that of the cathode rays. He called these rays canal rays and concluded that they were composed of positively charged particles, called protons. \\n\\nEach proton has a mass about 1840 times greater than the mass of an electron."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How can one describe the structure of the nuclear atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "JJ Thomson believed that electrons were evenly distributed throughout an atom filled uniformly with positively charged material. The PLUM-Pudding Model. electrons were stuck into a lump of positive charge similar to raisins stuck in dough. \\n\\nOne of JJ Thomson's former students proved that the plum pudding model of atomic structure was wrong."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are the 3 subatomic particles in an atom?\\n(know where they are located)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "proton (nucleus)\\nneutron (nucleus)\\nelectron (orbits nucleus)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Using a periodic table, identify the atomic number and atomic mass of Oxygen?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Oxygen\\natomic number 8\\natomic mass 16"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How do scientists identify an atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "by the protons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Where is the atomic mas located in an atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the nucleus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What gives an atom it's mass?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "protons and neutrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the outermost layer of atoms called?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "valence electrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How do you calculate neutrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "subtract protons from mass\\n(mass - protons)\\nM - P"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What does A ~ P ~ E mean?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "atomic number\\nprotons\\nelectrons\\n\\nare all equal (or the same)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is a molecule?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "2 or more ATOMS (can be same element) chemically bond together\\nEX: Hydrogen gas or Water"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are the building blocks of matter?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "atoms"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which part of the atom is the most dense?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "nucleus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which part of the atom is the least dense?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "electron cloud"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which part of the atom has the most mass?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "nucleus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which part of the atom has the least mass?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "electron cloud"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which part of the atom has the most volume?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "electron cloud"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the mass of a proton?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1 amu"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the mass of an electron?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "0 amu"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the charge of the electron cloud?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "negative"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What type of charge does a proton have?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Positive"
}
] |