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Genetic and Evolutionary Algorithms for Time Series Forecasting | Nowadays, the ability to forecast the future, based only on past data, leads to strategic advantages, which may be the key to success in organizations. Time Series Forecasting allows the modeling of complex systems as black-boxes, being a focus of attention in several research arenas such as Operational Research, Statistics or Computer Science. On the other hand, Genetic and Evolutionary Algorithms (GEAs) are a novel technique increasingly used in Optimization and Machine Learning tasks. The present work reports on the forecast of several Time Series, by GEA based approaches, where Feature Analysis, based on statistical measures is used for dimensionality reduction. The handicap of the evolutionary approach is compared with conventional forecasting methods, being competitive. |
OPTIMAL BOUNDS FOR O RDINAL C OMPARISON MAPS*' 1,2 | In this note, we answer the following question: Given two recursively presented well orderings R, S of subsets of the natural numbers, what is the complexity of an |
Electrochemical Evidence for Hemilabile Coordination of 1,3-Dimethyllumazine to [1,1′-Bis(diorganophosphino)ferrocene]copper(I) | The complex cations [Cu(dippf)(DML)]+ ([1]+) and [Cu(dppf)(DML)]+ ([2]+), where dippf = 1,1′-bis(diisopropylphosphino)ferrocene, dppf = 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene, and DML = 1,3-dimethyllumazine, were prepared and crystallized as BF4– or PF6– salts. Structure determinations of the tetrafluoroborates revealed asymmetric O4,N5 chelation of DML to copper(I) with longer Cu–O bonds of about 2.25 A. Reversible oxidation to [1]2+ and [2]2+ proceeds at the ferrocene units, while reduction leads to the neutral radical complexes [1] and [2] with the unpaired electron localized on the DML ligand. The occurrence of two voltammetric steps for the one-electron-reduction process is attributed to a two-species equilibrium caused by the hemilabile coordination of DML. Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical measurements (UV–vis, IR) reveal increased coordination lability of the reduced complexes and their slow fragmentation. |
Soft Rim Tapes - Grey - 700c 16mm – Teranga Bike Adventure | The PVC material provides an excellent resistance to high temperatures during braking . HIGH RESISTANCE MATERIAL - Resistant to high pressure and puncture. It provides an excellent resistance to… |
Micro-system for alimentary tract inspection based on nRF2401 | A kind of micro-system for alimentary tract inspection based on nRF2401 is introduced.The micro-system contains three parts:"capsule micro-system for inspection","data acquisition system outside body","data processing system".The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are used to acquire data.The single chip C8050F311 controlls nRF2401 to transmit the data.The animal experiment identifies that the system function is realized,the data transmission by wireless is safe and reliable. |
Tolerance Approach to Possibilistic Nonlinear Regression With Interval Data | We study possibilistic nonlinear regression models with crisp and/or interval data. Herein, the task is to compute tight interval regression parameters such that all observed output data (either crisp or interval) are covered by the range of the nonlinear interval regression function. We propose a method for determination of interval regression parameters based on the tolerance approach developed by the authors for the linear case. We define two classes of nonlinear regression models for which efficient algorithms exist. For other models, we provide some extensions allowing to calculate lower and upper bounds on the widths of the optimal interval regression parameters. We also discuss other approaches to interval regression than the possibilistic one. We illustrate the theory by examples. |
The human brain processes visual changes that are not cued by attended auditory stimulation | Event-related potentials (ERPs) to visual stimuli were recorded from the scalp of eight adult humans performing a task in which they counted vowels from a heard story. In the oddball condition, a repeated (standard) light bar of 50 ms in duration was rarely (P = 0.1) replaced by a (deviant) one differing in orientation from the standard. In the control condition, standards were simply omitted from the series and only (alone-) deviants retained. In both conditions, visual stimuli were asynchronous with auditory-task-relevant stimuli. ERPs to deviants significantly differed in amplitude from those to standards in the midline electrodes centrally, parietally and occipitally at 160-200 ms from stimulus onset. Occipitally, such a difference was absent between ERPs to alone-deviants and those to standards. The occipital differential ERPs to deviants, which thus could be found only when standards were present in the series, are discussed in the context of the mismatch negativity (MMN). |
Photographic description and appraisal of water resources (Commission VII, Invited Paper, Lisbon 1964) | Summary Interpretation of aerial photographs is of great value in virtually all types of hydrologic studies. These investigations range in scope from rapid reconnaissance studies based only or largely upon aerial photographs to highly detailed studies that include field work. Single and stereoscopic pairs of vertical aerial photographs, oblique aerial photographs, aerial mosaics, index aerial mosaics, and single and stereoscopic ground photographs all are of value in some phases of hydrologic studies. Infrared film is superior to panchromatic film for certain purposes. Photogrammetric techniques for measuring vertical and horizontal distances on stereoscopic pairs of vertical aerial photographs have wide application in hydrologic studies. Remote-sensing techniques involving infrared imagery and microwave systems are of value in certain hydrologic studies, but much remains to be learned regarding their full value. |
On sustainable development of future buildings | The paper analyzes the importance and the necessity of the energy-saving and the emission reduction of the buildings,explores the direction for the sustainable development of the future buildings,combining with building situation of our country,points out the factual channel to enhance the development of the green buildings and has the illustration,so as to direct the practice and to realize the harmonious relationship between nature and buildings. |
[Coronary artery disease associated to diabetes mellitus]. | Diabetes mellitus represents a major coronary risk factor. Diabetes promotes atherosclerotic plaque development through different mechanisms among which oxidative stress induced by hyperglycaemia appears to play a major role. Knowledge of pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with diabetes helps to better understand the rationale for treatment. Besides a tight control of all cardiovascular risk factors, prescription of drugs aiming of stabilization or even reduction of atherosclerosis should be systematically recommended. These drugs include statines, ACE inhibitors and aspirin eventually combined with clopidogrel. The use of beta blockers should be encouraged in case of stable angina. Finally, any patient with symptomatic modification suggesting acute coronary syndrome should be considered for myocardial revascularization. |
Health care for an immigrant nation: Policy and practice in Australia | Abstract Australia is one of the most multicultural nations on earth. Over 100 different languages are spoken by Australians in the normal course of their lives. 20% of its population was born in another country and 24% of Australians have one or both parents born overseas. It is within this socio‐demographic context that Australia has developed its social and institutional policies of multicultur‐alism provided the intellectual capital and impetus for the creation of a Migrant Health Policy. The latter, in turn, is responsible for the operational policies about language, culture, information marketing and agency operations, which govern the nature and extent of health care services to the community. This paper provides a historical view of the role of immigration in Australia's development, explains the policy creation process, its antecedents and its service outcomes, and concludes with a summary of the major challenges which confront the health care system in its quest to provide equitable, relevant an... |
Compression of polymer beads: Finite element modeling of stress-strain behaviour | A finite element method has been used to simulate the deformation of gel beads during uni-axial compression. The simulated data has been used to investigate an experimental method for obtaining an apparent elastic modulus (Eapp) of single beads. The results indicate that the measured modulus is related to the shear modulus (G) as Eapp ≈ 4.4G. |
Original Research Communications-methods Weight-for-height indices to assess nutritional status-a new index on a | The protein-energy malnutrition classification schemes of Waterlow and Mc- Laren, although similar in other respects, assess the weight-for-height of children in quite different ways. The drawbacks of their two methods are described, and an alternative method is presented which overcomes them. The new index is called weight/height2-for-age, and consists of the ratio weight/height2 expressed as a percentage of the same ratio for a reference child of the same age. Although the index is not age independent, it is insensitive to all but the grossest errors in age for children over 12 months old. The index is equally appropriate for the assessment of obesity. A slide-rule based on the Tanner standard is available to do the calculation. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 34: 1935-1943, 1981. |
Self-Organizing Map Approach for Identifying Mental Disorders | Classifications of mental illness such as schizophrenia are very broad; therefore, the proposed approach attains at practical and task-relevant diagnostic categories by use of clustering techniques. A Self-Organizing Feature Map (SOFM) approach was design and implemented for classifying transcribed speech samples and determines mental disorders. An unsupervised Artificial Neural Network was implemented using the NeuroSolution. The proposed classification system is used to determine whether a text or speech sample is generated by a person has mental illness or not. The proposed approach shows clearly that all the categories are identified and classified appropriately, with the proposed SOFM achieving a high accuracy of (97) in the classification phase for predicting the desired output. |
A peak power reduction method for multicarrier transmission | We developed a method to reduce peak to average power-ratio (PAR) of multicarrier signals. The method enlarged the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation size at a number of tones so that several signal points represent the same information. It chose a signal point among equivalent signal points that minimized PAR. This method achieved more than 4 dB PAR reduction when 64 QAM was used to represent 16 QAM constellation in a 64-subcarrier system. Also we could trade the PAR reduction for complexity and power increase by changing the size of the extended constellation. |
Application of Bionics Design in Sculpture Design for Products | The innovation and advancement of bionics design in sculpture design was discussed from the characteristics and forms of applications of bionics.It was pointed out that people would pay more attention to humanism,individuated and zoological products;bionics design will be one of the most important methods of design in the future styling design. |
On surveying and setting-out accuracy of bridge location | Combined with several years' experiences in surveying and setting-out work of bridge location,from survey,error analysis,setting-out method and other aspects measures how to ensure the surveying and setting-out accuracy of bridge location are discussed.Author points out that setting-out accuracy is important for engineering quality control of highway.This paper provides good references for similar works. |
Women icons of popular music : the rebels, rockers, and renegades | Contents List of Photos Series Foreword Preface/Intro Acknowledgments Timeline Volume One Tori Amos Joan Baez Mary J. Blige Patsy Cline Ani DiFranco Missy Elliott Aretha Franklin Emmylou Harris Debbie Harry Chrissie Hynde The Indigo Girls Janis Joplin Volume Two Carole King Madonna Sarah McLachlan Joni Mitchell Dolly Parton Liz Phair Bonnie Raitt Linda Ronstadt Diana Ross Patti Smith Tina Turner Suzanne Vega Select Bibliography |
Feasibility study of a photoelectric system for detection of downed aviators | SIO Reference 60-45. The function of a photoelectric system should be to improve upon the performance capabilities of unaided visual search. This report will therefore start with a very brief analysis of the visual detection capability. Succeeding sections of the report will discuss each parameter of the search geometry and indicate, where possible, modification of the parameter which will lead to improved performance. The final sections will describe a photoelectric system capable of incorporating the improvements indicated in the paragraphs which precede it and capable of day and night operation at a performance level surpassing the specified Navy requirements. |
The Simulation Design of A 5.8GHz RF Power Amplifier | By using of win HBT technology,a 5.8GHz radio frequency PA for the application of DSRC was simulated in ADS.The bias circuit with the function of adaptively linearizing was designed,which provide the compensation current and voltage for the core circuit.Based on the S-parameters and load-pull technology,the matching network of power amplifiers was completed.Finally,the layout of the designed power amplifier was given in Cadence environment. |
Spoofing interference suppression using space-time process for GPS receiver | We study on spoofing interference suppressing for GPS receiver.A new approach is proposed combing generalized side-lobe canceller (GSC) and space-time adaptive faltering.It uses the method called multistage GSC (MGSC) to achieve interference sup-pressing.The realization of anti-jam receiver is proposed.The performance in numerical simulation demonstrates that the proposed meth-od is effect and has a good performance. |
The Basics of Laboratory Signals | Parameters measured in laboratories cover a wide range of physical properties and effects, such as luminescence, electromagnetic energy absorption (uv, ir, nmr, etc.), electrochemical potential, temperature, pressure, radioactivity, etc., in addition to simple coordinate changes, such as distance, angle, velocity or acceleration. However, virtually all such physical characteristics may be converted into some form of electrical signal by an appropriate energy conversion device known as a transducer. Some typical transducers are listed in table 2.1, along with the nature of the particular energy stimulus for which each is designed. |
Non data-aided estimation of the modulation index of continuous phase modulations | In this paper, a new non data-aided estimator of the modulation index of continuous phase modulated (CPM) signals is proposed. It is based on the observation that the inverse of the index is the smallest positive real number a CPM signal should be raised to in order to generate a sinusoid of period 2T, where T is the symbol period. The asymptotic behavior of the estimator is studied. If N is the sample size, the estimation error is shown to converge to a non-Gaussian distribution at a rate of 1/N. Simulation results sustain the conclusions of the theoretical asymptotic analysis. |
7- [2- (2-aminothiazol-4-yl) novel crystalline and a method of manufacturing the 2-hydroxyimino-acetamide-3-vinyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (syn isomer) | In the powder X-ray diffraction pattern shows the peaks at diffraction angles shown in the table below 7- [2- (2-aminothiazol-4-yl) -2-hydroxyimino acetamide] -3-vinyl-3-cephem -4 - novel crystalline carboxylic acid (syn isomer) (B-type crystal). The crystals obtained by forming a solution crystals under acidic conditions at -5 ° C. to 5 ° C. The. This crystal had a bulk not high, a filterability and good stability, and is easy to excellent manufacturing the solubility in water. |
A broadband semicircle probe-fed pentagon-slot microstrip patch antenna | A wideband pentagon-slot microstrip antenna with a semicircle probe feed is proposed. The broadband characteristic is achieved by cutting a pentagon slot at each corners of the patch. The proposed antenna is able to achieve an impedance bandwidth of 68.3% for a VSWR of less than 2. Experimental comparison with a similar-size retangular microstrip patch antenna has also been conducted in this paper. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 500–505, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21211 |
Device for repeatedly machining | The invention relates to a device for repeatedly machining workpieces (1), especially bar-shaped or tubular workpieces, which are located next to each other. Said device comprises a bottom part (2) for supporting the workpieces (1), a top part (3) that can be drivingly moved relative to the bottom part (2) in order to mount the workpiece on the bottom part (2), and a tool support (24) for receiving several tools. In order to be able to universally use the device, the tool support (24) is equipped with a support plate (29) which can be drivingly displaced relative to the bottom part (2) and encompasses several tool receptacles (30) for axial tools (25), said tool receptacles (30) being arranged next to and underneath each other. A drive unit (26) is allocated to the tool support (24) in order to actuate the axial tools (25). |
Angiogenic switch in Barrett's adenocarcinoma: the role of vascular endothelial growth factor | The development of cancerous cells from the normal cells is the consequence of multiple genetic and epigenetic abuses. Activation of “Angiogenic switch” or formation of new blood vessels is one of the upshots of these abuses. Multiple factors are associated with the activation of angiogenic switch. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its down stream signaling molecules is important troupe of this event. In this article, we reviewed the role this troupe in the development of Barrett’s adenocarcinoma and also discussed the possible remedies, which have the impact on blocking the function of this troupe. |
Nd : Glass ring regenerative amplifier using telescopic geometry for high output energy with good beam quality | To achieve high output energy by generating a large gain mode volume, a Nd:phosphate glass ring regenerative amplifier with a built-in 1:1 telescope was proposed as a part of a terawatt chirped-pulse amplification Nd:glass laser, and its performance was characterized. In this ring regenerative amplifier, an input energy of 80 pJ could be amplified up to 33 mJ, and the output beam size was 2.3 mm in width and 2.0 mm in height. The amplified spectrum showed that high amplification could be obtained without a noticeable gain narrowing from the injected spectrum of 6 A bandwidth. |
Corrosion protection by organic coatings | This book contains 27 papers. Some of the titles are: Mechanism of Protecting Metals by Organic Coatings Against Corrosion; Mass Transport in Blistering of Coated Steel; Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Cathodic Protection Under Disbonded Pipe Coatings with AC Impedance Measurements; and Characterization of Corrosion and Inhibition Processes at Substrate/Coating Interfaces Using Electronoptical Techniques. |
Construction of a hybrid biocatalyst containing a covalently-linked terpyridine metal complex within a cavity of aponitrobindin. | A hybrid biocatalyst containing a metal terpyridine (tpy) complex within a rigid β-barrel protein nitrobindin (NB) is constructed. A tpy ligand with a maleimide group, N-[2-([2,2':6',2''-terpyridin]-4'-yloxy)ethyl]maleimide (1), was covalently linked to Cys96 inside the cavity of NB to prepare a conjugate NB-1. Binding of Cu(2+), Zn(2+), or Co(2+) ion to the tpy ligand in NB-1 was confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy and ESI-TOF MS measurements. Cu(2+)-bound NB-1 is found to catalyze a Diels-Alder reaction between azachalcone and cyclopentadiene in 22% yield, which is higher than that of the Cu(2+)-tpy complex without the NB matrix. The results suggest that the hydrophobic cavity close to the copper active site within the NB scaffold supports the binding of the two substrates, dienophile and diene, to promote the reaction. |
CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANIC VERMICULITE PREPARED BY DIFFERENT INTERCALATION TECHNIQUES | Vermiculites were intercalated by hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide through stirring in hot water, milling in a ball mill, boiling in a Soxhlet extractor and stirring in a twist moment rheometer mixer. The microstructures and properties of organic vermiculites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier infrared spectra and thermal gravimetric analysis. The results indicate different intercalation techniques cause the variation of the interlayer spacing and microstructures of organic vermiculites, and the content of organic molecules in the silicate interlayer increases with the expansion of interlayer spacing. |
Species differences in the formation in vitro of estrogen conjugates | Abstract 1. Large differences were found in the ability of liver and kidney tissue from rabbits, hens, guinea-pigs and cats to form glucoronides and sulfates of phenolic steroids and of diethylstilbestrol under standard in vitro assay conditions. 2. The in vitro results are not a reliable guide to the types of conjugates excreted in urine after in vivo administration of estrogens. |
Physiological Variation and Cold Resistance Evaluation of Different Sweet Osmanthus Cultivars under Low Temperature Stress | The changes of relative electric conductivity ratio,activity of SOD and POD,content of soluble protein,soluble sugar,praline and relative water content of twelve sweet osmanthus cultivars were measured under low temperature stress.The results of comprehensive evaluation on cold resistance by principal component analysis,subordinate function analysis and overwintering performance showed that 'Wan Yingui','Susheng Jingui' and 'Zhusha Dangui' had strong cold resistance,while 'Yingye Dangui' and 'Yanhonggui' had weak cold resistance.The principal component analysis and subordinate function method could be used for cold resistance evaluation of sweet osmanthus cultivars.Correlation analysis showed that the seven physiological indexes were relatively independent,so the cold resistance of sweet osmanthus cultivars should be measured and evaluated by multiple indexes. |
On the Crystallization of Terbium Aluminium Garnet | Attempts to grow terbium aluminium garnet (Tb3Al5O12, TAG) by the Czochralski method lead to crystals of millimeter scale. Larger crystals could not be obtained. DTA measurements within the binary system showed that TAG melts incongruently at 1840 deg. C. The perovskite (TbAlO3, TAP) with a congruent melting point of 1930 deg. C is the most stable phase in this system. The region for primary crystallization of TAP covers the chemical composition of TAG and suppresses the primary crystallization of the terbium aluminium garnet. |
The Ultra Structure of Abnormal Objects in the Semen of Two Bulls | In the semen of the two bulls, abnormal structures, which were not identified with phase-contrast and dark-field microscopy, were observed. These samples were fixed, embedded in the plastic blocks and sectioned for examining with T.E.M. It was understood that the objects in the first sample were abnormal spermatozoa which have both head and tail anomalies. The objects in the second sample were not abnormal spermatozoa. They were leukocytes which infiltrated into the semen. |
Rhythms in second messenger mechanisms. | In this chapter circadian rhythms in the beta-adrenoceptor/adenylate cyclase/phosphodiesterase system are presented and discussed. Daily variation in total number and affinity of beta-adrenoceptors in rat forebrain and rat heart ventricles seem to be of minor importance in the circadian regulation of the cAMP concentration in these tissues. Pronounced and significant circadian rhythms in cAMP formation by the adenylate cyclase and cAMP degradation by the phosphodiesterases could be demonstrated in either rat forebrain or heart ventricles. Also the accessibility of cardiac adenylate cyclase to different stimuli was circadian-phase-dependent. Furthermore, data are presented which indicate that the catalytic unit of the adenylate cyclase must undergo qualitative changes with age. |
On the optimality of the standard genetic code: the role of stop codons | The genetic code markup is the assignment of stop codons. The standard genetic code markup ensures the maximum possible stability of genetic information with respect to two fault classes: frameshift and nonsense mutations. There are only 528 (about 1,3% of total number) optimal markups in the set of markups having 3 stop codons. Among the sets of markups with 1,2,...,8 stop codons, the standard case having 3 stop codons has maximum absolute number of optimal markups. |
Photo-Oxidative Degradation of Poly(vinyl Chloride) Based Nanocomposites Under Ultraviolet Irradiation | The poly(vinyl chloride) based nanocomposites with 3.0% weight content of the photo-active zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles or the photo-inert calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles was prepared by the solution mixing method, respectively. Their photo-oxidative degradation under ultraviolet irradiation (365 nm) at room temperature were compared with the pure poly(vinyl chloride) via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The results showed that the photo-inert calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles hampered the photo-degradation of poly(vinyl chloride), whereas the photoactive zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles accelerated the photodegradation of poly(vinyl chloride). Furthermore, the ZnO nanoparticles also favored the crosslinking reaction of the dehydrochlorinated poly(vinyl chloride). |
Cumulative dosing of isotretinoin should not follow strict range | Cumulative dosing of isotretinoin has followed a reference range of 120 to 150 mg/kg, but there is an absence of strong evidence supporting this recommendation, pointing to the need for clinicians to treat their patients to achieve clearance of acne rather than adhere to this range. |
Does complexity affect the speed of innovation | Abstract This paper examines whether there is a relation between innovation complexity and the speed of innovation (the time taken from development to commercialisation). A complexity measure along three stages of innovation: a means to develop, a means to deliver and a means to market is developed to give insights into the difficulties of innovation. The study draws on detailed case studies of 6 technology based innovations in the financial and non-financial sector: ATM/Cash cards, Credit cards, EFTPOS/Debit cards, Videocassette Recorder (VCR), Windows operating system for PC, and Plain paper copier. The results indicate that there is no relation between innovation complexity and the speed of innovation. Also, the study gives implications for R&D managers on how to manage the complexity of innovation towards commercialisation. |
Weapon Carrying and Substance Abuse Among College Students | Results from administering the Core Alcohol and Drug Survey on 61 US campuses during the 1994/95 academic year were analyzed to assess weapon carrying among college students. Seven percent of the 26,225 students (11.1% of the men and 4.3% of the women) responded that they had carried weapons (gun, knife, etc) during the last 30 days. A comparison with a matched sample of nonweapon carriers revealed that a greater percentage of the armed than the unarmed students had experienced harassment, violence, and threats of violence, and that they felt less safe on their campuses. The weapon-carrying men consumed significantly more alcohol than their unarmed counterparts, and a higher percentage reported binge drinking, use of other drugs, and adverse consequences from substance abuse. Differences between armed and unarmed female students were not as clearly consistent in terms of substance abuse and consequences. |
Summarizing Complexity in High Dimensions | High-dimensional, multispectral data on complex physical systems are increasingly common. As the amount of information in data sets increases, the difficulty of effectively utilizing it also increases. For such data, summary information is required for understanding and modeling the underlying dynamics. It is here proposed to use an extension of computational mechanics [C. R. Shalizi and J. P. Crutchfield, J. Stat. Phys. 104, 817 (2001)] to arbitrary spatiotemporal and spectral dimension, for providing such summary information. An example of the use of these tools to identify state evolution in the brain, an archetypal, complex biophysical system, serves as an illustration. |
Double galaxy redshifts and the statistics of small numbers | Tifft (1980, 1982) claimed that observations of double galaxies reveal a 72 km/s periodicity. Sharp showed that the periodicities in the observations are completely consistent with the statistics of small numbers. Here it is shown that Tifft's statistical procedure would ascribe a periodicity to small sets of Gaussian random noise. Satisfying the null hypothesis that the observations are not samples drawn from a normal population would require the acquisition of at least an order of magnitude more data. 10 refs. |
Serotonin firing activity as a marker for mood disorders: lessons from knockout mice. | Publisher Summary This chapter presents that the electrophysiological assessment of the serotonin (5‐HT) spontaneous firing activity, may be an index to measure the 5‐HT neurotransmission in mutant mice that is correlated to their mood status. In particular, the analysis of three lines of mice that show changes of both 5 ‐ HT firing activity are considered and mood: 5‐ HT transporter (5 ‐ HTT), neurokinin‐ 1 (NK1) receptor and 5‐ HT1A receptor null mice, are presented. It is concluded that a decrease of 5‐HT firing activity corresponds to a depressive ‐ like pheno type, while an increase of 5‐HT firing to a depression ‐ resistant phenotype. The characterization of the pheno type of these genetically modified animals helps to better identify putative receptors or neuronal elements involved in the pathogenesis of major depression in humans and to find new targets for antidepressant drugs discovery. |
The microstructure of the Flash Crash: Flow toxicity, liquidity crashes and the probability of inf | The “flash crash” of May 6, 2010, was the second-largest point swing (1,010.14 points) and the biggest one-day point decline (998.5 points) in the history of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. For a few minutes, $1 trillion in market value vanished. In this article, the authors argue that the flash crash was the result of the new dynamics at play in the current market structure. They highlight the role played by order toxicity in affecting liquidity provision, and they show that a measure of this toxicity, the volume synchronized probability of informed trading (VPIN), captures the increasing toxicity of the order flow in the hours and days prior to collapse. Because the flash crash might have been avoided had liquidity providers remained in the marketplace, a solution is proposed in the form of a “VPIN contract” that would allow liquidity providers to dynamically monitor and manage their risks. |
X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer study of (Fe1−xNix)4N (0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) films | Abstract Single phase (Fe 1− x Ni x ) 4 N compounds (0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) have been synthesized by reactive evaporation and investigated by X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectrometry. The lattice parameters of the nitrides decrease from 3.796 to 3.774 A with increasing Ni concentration. The fitting results of Mossbauer spectra indicate that the average hyperfine field have the same changing tendency with lattice parameter and the nickel atoms have a tendency to be located at the corner site. |
Prostate biopsies assisted by comanipulated probe-holder: first in man | Purpose ::: A comanipulator for assisting endorectal prostate biopsies is evaluated through a first-in-man clinical trial. This lightweight system, based on conventional robotic components, possesses six degrees of freedom. It uses three electric motors and three brakes. It features a free mode, where its low friction and inertia allow for natural manipulation of the probe and a locked mode, exhibiting both a very low stiffness and a high steady-state precision. |
Association Between Magnesium Intake and Depression and Anxiety in Community-Dwelling Adults: The Hordaland Health Study | Objective: Systemic inflammation is associated with both the dietary intake of magnesium, and depression. Limited experimental and clinical data suggest an association between magnesium and depression. Thus, there are reasons to consider dietary magnesium as a variable of interest in depressive disorders. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between magnesium intake and depression and anxiety in a large sample of community-dwelling men and women. This sample consisted of 5708 individuals aged 46–49 or 70–74 years who participated in the Hordaland Health Study in Western Norway.Methods: Symptoms of depression and anxiety were self-reported using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and magnesium intake was assessed using a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire.Results: There was an inverse association between standardized energy-adjusted magnesium intake and standardized depression scores that was not confounded by age, gender, body habitus or blood pressure (β=−0.16, 95% ... |
Feeding experiment using uniformly 13C-labeled α-linolenic acid supports the involvement of the decarboxylation mechanism to produce cis-jasmone in Lasiodiplodia theobromae | ABSTRACTIn our previous report, it was found that Lasiodiplodia theobromae produced cis-jasmone via partially utilizing the biosynthetic pathway of JA. A feeding experiment using uniformly 13C-labe... |
Distribution of local-minima energies in a three-state Potts spin glass | Abstract The distribution of the energies of local minima in the Potts spin glass model with three states at zero temperature is obtained on the basis of its equivalence to isotropic quadrupolar glass. The distribution is analogous to that of the Sherrington-Kirkpartick model. |
Potentiometric Method for Evaluating the Oxidant/Antioxidant Activity of Seminal and Follicular Fluids and Clinical Significance of this Parameter for Human Reproductive Function | Potentiometric method based on the sharp change of electrode potential for the ferricyanide/ferrocyanide mediator system after addition of the seminal or follicular fluid sample into the measuring electrochemical cell has been developed to enable the easy assessment of the oxidant/antioxidant status of these kind of biological fluids. Platinum screen printed electrode has been used as an indicator. Essential advantage of the proposed method is simultaneous use of the both forms of the ferricyanide/ferrocyanide mediator system (oxidized and reduced ones) that allows estimating oxidant and antioxidant components of the seminal or follicular fluids samples which were obtained, respectively, from 99 male and 27 female subjects. Oxidant activity of seminal fluids has been observed in pathology conditions of reproductive system of male studied subjects and related with possible male infertility symptoms. |
Field effect transistor and method for producing same | Provided is a field effect transistor that has favorable properties, offering both high current density and low contact resistance, also provided is a method for producing the same. The present invention comprises a channel layer formed on a substrate, an InAlN layer formed on the channel layer, an In x Al y Ga 1-(x+y) N layer formed on the InAlN layer (0<x<1, 0<y<1, x+y<1), and a source electrode and drain electrode formed on the In x Al y Ga 1-(x+y) N layer. |
Recording method of information recording medium | The present invention provides a method of recording medium such as an optical disc, the recording disc version information thereof, recording using the disc version information thereof and / or reproducing method, and a recording and / or reproducing apparatus. It can be unified standardized disc information to efficiently perform effective optical disc recording and / or reproducing. Disc version recorded in the disc management information area, the disc version information is divided into a first version information and second version information, and may also be separately recorded in at least two separate areas. |
Pleiotropic overdominance and the maintenance of genetic variation in polygenic characters. | A model of selection is described in which optimizing phenotypic selection is combined with pleiotropic overdominance. Thus, the role that mutation commonly plays in models of phenotypic evolution is replaced by balancing selection. Expressions are provided for the equilibrium genetic variance in phenotype and for the heterozygosity. An approximate analysis of the transient properties of the model shows that, in certain circumstances, the behavior is quite similar to that of models based on the interaction of mutation and selection. |
Chlorinated hydrocarbons in sediments of the Elbe River and the Elbe Estuary | Abstract Eight sediment samples collected between Hamburg and Cuxhaven were analysed for organic micropollutants. Using three different methods the following compounds were determined: α-HCH, γ-HCH, HCB, PCB, DDT-family, pentachlorobenzene and octachlorostyrene. |
Updated results from the nu(tau) appearance search in NOMAD | Abstract Updated results from the appearance searches for ν μ → ν τ and ν e → ν τ oscillations in the full NOMAD data sample are reported. The increased data and the use of more refined kinematic schemes for the ν τ CC selection allow a significant improvement of the overall sensitivity. The “blind analysis” of both the deep-inelastic and the low multiplicity samples yields no evidence for an oscillation signal. In the two-family oscillation scenario, this sets a 90% C.L. region in the sin 2 2 θ μτ − Δm 2 plane which includes sin 2 2θ μτ 4.4×10 −4 at large Δm 2 and Δm 2 2 / c 4 at sin 2 2 θ μτ =1. The corresponding contour in the ν e → ν τ oscillation hypothesis results in sin 2 2θ eτ 2.2×10 −2 at large Δm 2 and Δm 2 2 / c 4 at sin 2 2 θ eτ =1. |
Male caregivers to persons diagnosed with Lewy Body Dementia have higher stress level than caregiver to persons diagnosed with Alzheimers Dementia | Poster presentation at AD/PD, Kenes International: International conference on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and related neurological disorders, 18.-22. March. |
The Analysis of the Problem of Chinese Logistics Parks's Development | Logistics parks is new things that it appear at process of economic development in recent years,to improve the urban service functions,improve the investment environment,to promote the development of play irreplaceable role in China.Most provinces and economic centers have developed logistics development plans.But the logistics park planning and construction,and operations management at this stage in our country still experiences a lack of problems.This article,the research methods are:literature review,present study demonstrated together with examples.China's current problems facing the development of logistics park,discussion,and gives the related measures. |
A multi-institutional study of racial differences in androgen receptor status among triple-negative breast cancers. | 1089Background: Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive breast carcinoma subtype typified by high recurrence and mortality rates. To date, no targeted therapies are available for TNBC. Recently, androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear steroid hormone receptor expressed in 10-43% of TNBCs, has emerged as a promising new biomarker with potential predictive value for certain TNBC subtypes. Compared to European-American (EA) women, African Americans (AAs) are twice as likely to develop TNBC and have poorer outcomes, than EA TNBC patients, after adjusting for treatment and healthcare access. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of AR in a large TNBC cohort and evaluate racewise trends in AR expression status among TNBCs. Methods: AR expression was evaluated immunohistochemically in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples from 822 TNBC patients (142, 95 and 264 patients from Emory, Northside and Grady Memorial Hospitals, respectively, in Atlanta, and 321 from Notti... |
Magnetic Properties of Liquid Crystals Incorporating Metal Centres | Abstract : Magnetic susceptibility data (300-520 K) of monomeric and dimeric mesogenic copper(ll) compounds are presented. Different magnetic effects arising from the paramagnetic Cu(ll)-centres and the diamagnetic anisotropy of the mesogenic groups are observed and discussed with respect to possible intermolecular Interactions. |
(+/-)-4-Aryl-4,5-dihydro-3H-1,3-benzodiazepines. 3. 2-Phenyl and 2-amino analogues as potential antihypertensive agents. | A series of 2-phenyl- and 2-amino-4-aryl-4,5-dihydro-3H-1,3-benzodiazepines was prepared and submitted for broad biological screening, including evaluation for potential antihypertensive activity. Compound 4a [(+/-)-4,5-dihydro-2,4-diphenyl-3-methyl-3H-1,3-benzodiazepine hydrochloride] was the most active member of the series in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model, producing a 56 mmHg decrease in systolic blood pressure at an oral screening dose of 50 mg/kg. The synthesis of 4a analogues containing nuclear substituents in the 4-phenyl moiety resulted in a marked decrease of antihypertensive activity. It was not possible to improve on the antihypertensive properties of 4a through further synthetic modifications. |
Method for manufacturing conductive composite using the scrap of stainless steel | A method for manufacturing a conductive composite using scraps of stainless steel is provided to recycle scraps of stainless steel produced in a surface polishing process of stainless steel and to produce a good quality of conductive composites inexpensively. The method for manufacturing a conductive composite using scraps of stainless steel comprises the steps of: (S10) press-processing oil-containing scraps of stainless steel to be compression-molded into a nodule shape; (S20) putting the compression-molded nodules into a heat treatment furnace and heating the nodules at 300-500°C under a vacuum state for 1-4hours to remove oil; (S30) breaking the oil-less nodules to produce metallic fillers for conductive composites; and (S50) adding 20-50wt% of the metallic fillers to a matrix formed of polymeric resin, and then mixing the admixture uniformly to prepare conductive composites. |
Answering atomic queries in indefinite deductive databases | Answering queries in indefinite systems is a difficult problem both computationally, since it involves non-Horn clauses and factoring, and conceptually, concerning producing beliefs for formulas not derivable from the system. to provide a basis for reasonable beliefs, we propose new criteria as an alternative to the Full Information Principle. Then an approach to producing stable beliefs, called Plausible World Assumption (PWA), is introduced. It is shown how a set of non-Horn clauses can be transformed into a set of so called singleton-head-rules such that evaluation of a given query is reduced to processing of a set of Horn clauses relevant to the query. Finally, algorithms are presented for computing facts and beliefs for atomic queries in accord with the PWA. This method is shown to be more efficient than the known techniques for query evaluation in indefinite systems. © 1989 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
Within and between plant variation of 4β-hydroxiwithanolide E in cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana; Solanaceae). | Abstract 4β-Hydroxywithanolide E is a compound with antifeedant activity against certain species of insect herbivores. This compound has been found in roots, leaves, calyxes, and fruits of Physalis peruviana plants. In this study, we quantified by HPLC the concentration of 4β-hydroxywithanolide E in different organs of P. peruviana plants in different developmental stages. Also, we determined the effect of simulated herbivory on concentration of this compound in different parts of the plant. In seedlings, 4β-Hydroxywithanolide E had a higher concentration in leaves than in roots. Conversely, in mature plants, the concentration was lower in leaves than in roots. In reproductive parts, calyxes had higher concentration than fruits. On the other hand, there was no change in the concentration of 4β-Hydroxywithanolide E in P. peruviana organs after simulated herbivory in either seedlings or mature plants. |
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Phenolic Nonadecanediol | A simple and highly efficient synthetic route has been developed for synthesis of 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)nonadecane-3,5-diol (1). The two stereogenic centers were generated by employing proline asymmetric α-hydroxylation (MacMillan α-hydroxylation), Jacobsen's hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR), and, finally, Yamaguchi oxirane opening as key steps (Scheme 2). |
Recombinant ndv antigen and its use | The present invention encompasses a NDV vaccine. The vaccine may be a subunit vaccine based on a HN of NDV. NDV HN can be expressed in algae, including plant or microalgae. The present invention also encompasses recombinant vectors encoding NDV antigens that can be used to protect animals from NDV, epitope or immunogen expressed. Viral vector or an inactivated vaccine and prime using subunit vaccines - including boost scheme, also compatible vaccination plan DIVA strategy encompasses. |
Research of peg - in - hole assembly for a redundant dual-arm robot based on neural networks | Considering that the actual assembly work demands high precision and flexibility for the dual-arm robot at high speed. This paper introduces the design of the dual-arm robot architecture from two aspects of hardware and communication. The work space and constraint relationship of the dual-arm robot during the assembly process are analysed, and the force feedback loop control based on neural networks was proposed to realize the on-line error correction during the assembly process. The force data collected by the six dimensional force sensor will be input to the trained neural network controller. The controller will transform the force error into the position error in the end of the robot arm and output a revised position value. Finally, this paper verifies that the control strategy have higher precision and flexibility than traditional methods through simulation and assembly experiment. |
On the creation of Wada basins in interval maps through fixed point tangent bifurcation | Basin boundaries play an important role in the study of dynamics of nonlinear models in a variety of disciplines such as biology, chemistry, economics, engineering, and physics. One of the goals of nonlinear dynamics is to determine the global structure of the system such as boundaries of basins. A basin having the strange property that every point which is on the boundary of that basin is on the boundary of at least three different basins, is called a Wada basin, and its boundary is called a Wada basin boundary. Here we consider maps on the interval. We present a sufficient and necessary condition guaranteeing that three Wada basins are emerging from a tangent bifurcation for certain one-dimensional maps having negative Schwarzian derivative, two fixed point attractors on one side of the tangent bifurcation, and three fixed point attractors on the other side of the tangent bifurcation. All the conditions involved are numerically verifiable. |
V9-04 PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE RENAL LESIONS AMENABLE TO NEPHRON SPARING SURGERY | with cold scissors, the tumor pseudocapsule is identified (white asterisk) and separated from normal renal parenchyma (black plus sign). C) As the tumor pseudocapsule (white asterisk) is freed from renal parenchyma, the tumor can be rolled out of the tumor bed (black plus sign). d) Once the tumor is removed, hemostatic agents are applied to the tumor bed and manual pressure is held with the robot for five minutes. Renorraphy may be performed, but not necessary if bleeding is controlled. RESULTS: All 42 RALER procedures were completed robotically. The mean patient age was 60 years (standard deviation (SD) 12), with a mean BMI of 34.3 (SD 6.7). Radiographic mass size was 0.05). Limitations include small sample size and short follow up. CONCLUSIONS: RALER is a safe and oncologically sound approach to small renal mass excision. This technique is maximally renal sparing as there is no resection of normal renal parenchyma and can be performed off clamp. |
Exact controllability to the ground state solution for evolution equations of parabolic type via bilinear control. | In a separable Hilbert space $X$, we study the linear evolution equation \begin{equation*} u'(t)+Au(t)+p(t)Bu(t)=0, \end{equation*} where $A$ is an accretive self-adjoint linear operator, $B$ is a bounded linear operator on $X$, and $p\in L^2_{loc}(0,+\infty)$ is a bilinear control. We give sufficient conditions in order for the above control system to be locally controllable to the ground state solution, that is, the solution of the free equation ($p\equiv0$) starting from the ground state of $A$. We also derive global controllability results in large time and discuss applications to parabolic equations in low space dimension. |
Guest Editorial: Advanced Understanding and Modelling of Human Motion in Multidimensional Spaces | With increasing applications such as human-computer interaction, surveillance, medical diagnosis and computer animation, automatic understanding and modelling of human motion have attracted more attention from researchers and industries. Extensive research in human motions especially facial behavior and human body actions has been explored in recent years. The bulk of research for human motion understanding concentrates on using low-level machine-understanding features. Despite the huge amount of excellent research in these fields, the effective and efficient description and representation of human motions remain challenging in many scenarios. Therefore, the aim of this special issue is to survey the-state-of-the-art methodologies, algorithms and concepts in advanced human motion understanding with any kind of data types. It intends to bridge the gap between the low-level features and high-level semantics of human motion. |
Design of high accuracy orientation sensor of MWD | This paper proposes to develop an angle measurement system of the orientation sensor based on accelerometers and fluxgate magnetometers. By analyzing temperature error and fix error which affect the orientation accuracy, a new error correcting model has been put forward. Testing results show that the MWD orientation sensor system utilizing the suggested compensation model is more accurate in directional drilling operations, which has considerable values. |
Power scaling in network devices | The largest part of routers and switches, today deployed in production networks, has very limited energy saving capabilities, and substantially requires the same amount of energy both when working at full speed or when being idle. In order to dynamically adapt such energy requirements to the real device work load, current approaches foster the introduction of low power idle and power scaling primitives in entire devices, internal components and network interfaces. Starting from these considerations, we propose an analysis of the theoretical and technological limitations in adopting such kind of mechanisms. The results achieved show that the power scaling allows a linear trade-off between consumption and network performance, but the time to switch between two power states may cause a non negligible service interruption. |
Incorporation of a dispersion energy term to Fraga's atom–atom pair intermolecular potential. Application to benzene, s-tetrazine, and their mixed dimers | Two ways of incorporating dispersion energy by adding a new r–6 term to an atom–atom pair potential proposed by Fraga have been tested, as well as Fraga's potential itself, with respect to both minimal basis set and SCF plus dispersion energy calculations of benzene–benzene, benzene–s-tetrazine, and s-tetrazine–s-tetrazine dimers taken from the literature. Fraga's potential has the form of an expansion in powers of 1/r. In spite of the crude approach to intermolecular potential it represents, this potential, with the addition of an estimate of the dispersion contribution, predicts energies and conformations in good agreement with previous calculated and experimental data for the benzene–benzene dimers and allows for an extensive exploration of the interaction surface in the other dimers. In this way, new insight into the reliability and limitations of this pair potential is obtained. |
Autoencoder-based transfer learning in brain–computer interface for rehabilitation robot | The brain–computer interface-based rehabilitation robot has quickly become a very important research area due to its natural interaction. One of the most important problems in brain–computer interf... |
Appropriating the Refugee Camp. Exploring Volunteers' Spatial Organization | Based on an ethnographic study of volunteers in a German refugee emergency camp, established in a former town hall, this article explores the volunteers’ role during the latest “refugee crisis”. It... |
Flushing of the vagina and the prepuce—a cause for contaminated urine cultures in children | Objective ::: An uncontaminated urine culture is a prerequisite for the diagnosis of a urinary tract infection. However, this may be difficult to obtain in small children. We have studied the frequency of ballooning of the prepuce in non-circumcised boys and vaginal reflux in girls during voiding as a possible cause of contaminated urine cultures. |
Installation, Upgrade, and Removal | Oracle GoldenGate is a great tool for migrations, real-time replications, and data integration projects. For a tool that is great on so many levels, it does change over time. This is evident with the way Oracle GoldenGate has changed between the releases from 11g to 12c. In the past, Oracle GoldenGate was simply installed by unzipping the binaries to the location where it needed to be installed. With the latest release of Oracle GoldenGate 12c, this has changed; Oracle now provides an Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) for installation. This chapter covers how to install Oracle GoldenGate using the OUI that is packaged with Oracle GoldenGate 12c (12.1.2.0), how to use the same OUI to upgrade to a minor patch version (12.1.2.1), and how to remove the software if desired. |
Modal Analysis for the Tower of Large Scale | The rocket launch tower is a kind tower of large scale which is used in many important palces, in order to counter the tower faults problems such as leaning, bulking, etc.According to the theory of multimodal analysis, mathematical modeling and simulation of vibrational mode were conducted for the tower. The paper describes how the finite element modal for steel tower is built by means of beam and shell elements by Patran, and the analysis of the tower’s dynamical characteristic, bulking phenomenon employing commercial software Patran/Nastran,show that the results are closer to the test data,providing a basis for the tower optimal design. |
Impacts of Power Control on Outage Probability in CDMA Wireless Systems | In this paper we analyze the power control loops on the reverse link of a CDMA system. We obtain an expression for the transmission power of a mobile station and its signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) received at the base station. This allows the derivation of outage probability, which is the probability for not fulfilling the SIR requirements. We will show that power control in the North-American IS-95 system is very robust and that the number of users in the cell does not have much influence on outage. Furthermore, we compare outage which is an event at the receiver with the mobile station exceeding its maximum transmission power. |
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) in Human Cerebral Tumors. An Immunohistochemical Study | Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was studied in 160 cerebral tumors, mostly of neuro-epithelial nature. It was positive in astroglial tumors with an intensity proportional to the degree of cell differentiation. It was sometimes positive also in non-astroglial tumors, such as oligodendrogliomas and ependymomas, and this finding is discussed in relation to genesis and diagnostic value. In medulloblastomas, there were also positive cells, which could be reactive glia cells included in the tumors or subependymal cells. The demonstration of GFAP is very useful in gliosarcomas for identifying the glial component. It was sometimes positive in hemangioblastomas, and it is discussed in view of the nature of the stromal cells of this tumor. |
Pheochromocytoma and Autonomic Dysfunction | John Garvie, MD, Junior Assistant Resident, Jewish Hospital of St Louis, Department of Medicine: A 46-year-old man with a two-year history of diabetes mellitus controlled with tolazamide treatment and hypertension that responded to methyldopa therapy was admitted for evaluation of episodic palpitations, weakness, and syncope. Two days prior to admission, after eating a large breakfast and taking 100 mg of tolazamide, the patient fainted for a few seconds; he recovered but he felt weak for the remainder of the day. He also related a one-year history of recurrent short-lived episodes of palpitations, chest fullness, headaches, tinnitus, dizziness, nausea, dyspnea, and diaphoresis. There was no history of seizures, documented hypoglycemia, or ketoacidosis. Outpatient plasma glucose levels ranged between 170 and 210 mg/ 100 ml. Medication for the month prior to admission consisted of 250 mg of methyldopa twice a day, 50 mg of imipramine hydrochloride at bedtime, and 100 mg of |
ferrous materials covered products resistant to corrosion | THE INVENTION RELATES TO FERROUS MATERIALS. IT RELATES TO A MATERIAL COATED IRON CORROSION RESISTANT CHARACTERIZED IN THAT DOOR ON AT LEAST ONE SURFACE LAYER 2 ALLOY EUTECTIC CONTAINING 70 TO 80 WEIGHT PB, 5 TO 10 IN WEIGHT AND SN 10 25 WEIGHT OF ZN AND FILM 3 CHROMATE ON ALLOY LAYER. APPLICATION TO MANUFACTURING PIPE CORROSION RESISTANT. |
Simple models for excited-state dynamics of conjugated molecules | The photochemistry of large molecules with conjugated (pi) -systems plays an important role in many systems of biological interest, including vision and photosynthesis. The size of these systems, however, often precludes a detailed knowledge of the electronic states and associated potential energy surfaces on which the photochemical dynamics takes place. We present some recent progress in the construction of empirical excited state potential surfaces of conjugated molecules based on an analysis of spectroscopic, ab initio, and ultrafast lifetime measurement data. These surfaces are then used to investigate the excited state dynamics of both reduced- and full-dimensionality molecular models, including nonadiabatic processes. Applications to the photoisomerizaton reactions of the model system stilbene are featured. |
Impacts of Mineralogy on the Chemistry and Microbiology of Heap Bioleaching | The microbial microenvironment in heaps is strongly influenced by ore mineralogy. While laboratory studies on microbial activity under controlled conditions provide a good understanding how bioleaching organisms might assist in metal extraction, examination of the ore, its mineralogy and leaching chemistry offer additional valuable insights. Some examples are discussed and illustrated with data for a copper-nickel sulfide ore. |