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The Mini Curie bag is made by beautiful calf leather and suede. The inside has an inner pocket in lining fabric for your laptop and a smaller pocket in leather on the opposite side. Facebook Pinterest Twitter Kathrin S. The Quality of this Bag is amazing! It fits in every Occasion. Perfekt for me as a Workingmum, Fashionista and for a little spontaneous Shoppingtrip. Nina L. A very nice functional bag. I use it both as a hand bag and backpack. If I use it as a hand bag I can fit in my laptop. Great bag!! Emelie E. Perfect bag and size for me. It fits everything I need including diapers:) laptop, make-up.. Looks even more beautiful in real. Very happy with this bag! Maja L. I love the bag, perfect for my laptop and lunch box. Love that I can wear it both over shoulder, cross body and in the hand. Love everything about it!! I hope it will stay in good condition for many years :-) INFORMATION Retailers FAQ Returns & exchanges Contact Search Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions About Bukvy Smart bags and accessories that don't sacrifice aesthetics. All items are made by hand and ethically produced in Europe. Made to support a minimalist lifestyle in constant motion. Don't hesitate to reach out if you have any questions. We're always here to answer your questions on email, Instagram or Facebook. We'd love to see you!

When visitors leave comments on the site we collect the data shown in the comments form, and also the visitor’s IP address and browser user agent string to help spam detection. An anonymized string created from your email address (also called a hash) may be provided to the Gravatar service to see if you are using it. The Gravatar service privacy policy is available here: https://automattic.com/privacy/. After approval of your comment, your profile picture is visible to the public in the context of your comment. Media If you upload images to the website, you should avoid uploading images with embedded location data (EXIF GPS) included. Visitors to the website can download and extract any location data from images on the website. Contact forms Cookies If you leave a comment on our site you may opt-in to saving your name, email address and website in cookies. These are for your convenience so that you do not have to fill in your details again when you leave another comment. These cookies will last for one year. If you have an account and you log in to this site, we will set a temporary cookie to determine if your browser accepts cookies. This cookie contains no personal data and is discarded when you close your browser. When you log in, we will also set up several cookies to save your login information and your screen display choices. Login cookies last for two days, and screen options cookies last for a year. If you select “Remember Me”, your login will persist for two weeks. If you log out of your account, the login cookies will be removed. If you edit or publish an article, an additional cookie will be saved in your browser. This cookie includes no personal data and simply indicates the post ID of the article you just edited. It expires after 1 day. Embedded content from other websites Articles on this site may include embedded content (e.g. videos, images, articles, etc.). Embedded content from other websites behaves in the exact same way as if the visitor has visited the other website. These websites may collect data about you, use cookies, embed additional third-party tracking, and monitor your interaction with that embedded content, including tracking your interaction with the embedded content if you have an account and are logged in to that website. Analytics Who we share your data with How long we retain your data If you leave a comment, the comment and its metadata are retained indefinitely. This is so we can recognize and approve any follow-up comments automatically instead of holding them in a moderation queue. For users that register on our website (if any), we also store the personal information they provide in their user profile. All users can see, edit, or delete their personal information at any time (except they cannot change their username). Website administrators can also see and edit that information. What rights you have over your data If you have an account on this site, or have left comments, you can request to receive an exported file of the personal data we hold about you, including any data you have provided to us. You can also request that we erase any personal data we hold about you. This does not include any data we are obliged to keep for administrative, legal, or security purposes. Where we send your data Visitor comments may be checked through an automated spam detection service. Your contact information Additional information How we protect your data What data breach procedures we have in place What third parties we receive data from What automated decision making and/or profiling we do with user data Industry regulatory disclosure requirements Recent Posts Pyvott, a new social media app, is expected to donate more than $ 100,000 to the Utah charity, Run Against Traffic. The gift of giving: Pinella’s pantries are seeing a significant increase in starving families | Special sections America’s Medical Population in Numbers Lancaster Cancer Charity aims to double its donations thanks to the Big Give Christmas Challenge The Inspire Change Award, presented by ConocoPhillips, Coca-Cola Southwest Beverages, and Miller Lite, has partnered with Texans to provide a $ 400,000 grant to support social and racial justice efforts in Houston.

Kinects Tower is one of the first residential towers to be vested under the city’s controversial “Tower Spacing Rule”, which guarantees that no other tower will be built any closer than 60’ from Kinects tower. However, lower structures will be built surrounding it. Bumgardner took advantage of the zoning code maximum “average“ floor plate of 11,500 sf and put the largest floor plates on top where the views are best, and the smallest floor plates at the sixth floor where views may be blocked, resulting in a dramatically sloping inverted pyramid on three sides. The 440’ tall tower is topped by a glass box, outdoor space and a giant frame to support an (eventually) very tall evergreen tree planted in soil 7’ deep. The glass box contains a lap pool surrounded by floor to ceiling glass. Also on floor 41 is a sky lounge and an outdoor yoga deck set in a garden area, designed by Scott Woodcock of Windrose to feel like a mountaintop – with no visible railings. It will feel scary, and like mountain climbing, not for those with a fear of heights. Bumgardner worked closely with CKC structural engineers to maximize cantilever slabs, minimize columns and take advantage of a building where each floor is 3” wider on three sides than the floor below it. The result is particularly dramatic on the interior, where units feel like glass cubes sliced by sloping columns of raw exposed concrete. The name Kinects derives from the “kinetic” nearby neighborhoods it “connects” to: Capitol Hill, Cascade, South Lake Union, and Seattle’s retail core. The Kinetic theme continues with the art inside and outside the building. Bumgardner teamed up with Bill Gaylord of Bonfire to select and collaborate with five artists commissioned to create six very large art pieces that actually move.

Bunion Bootie is proud to announce that new economies of scale is allowing them to lower their shipping and handling fees, which passes savings on to its customers. Bunion Bootie, the best in non-surgical bunion treatment, is now offering significantly reduced flat rate shipping and handling fees for its international customers, and you don’t even need a promo code. Effective May 15, 2014, the new shipping and handling rate for all non-U.S. orders is $9.95 USD, a nearly 25 percent savings on the original price. Bunion Bootie temporarily corrects misaligned toes, and its ultra thin properties allow for protection against rubbing footwear. This can bring pain relief to those who suffer from bunions. These new shipping rates apply to both the 0riginal and new Bunion Bootie, and they are in addition to the automatic discounts that are applied when buying more than one original Bunion Bootie from the website. The more Bunion Booties you purchase, the more money you can save. Bunion Bootie also offers promotions to their Facebook fans and even better promotions to their VIP customers (VIP customers are those who have purchased from Bunion Bootie more than once). Bunion Bootie was established in 2011 by a small group of bunion sufferers who came together in search for an effective, non-surgical treatment for bunions, a solution that they felt did not exist previously. Bunion Bootie is the perfect answer for those people who must stay on their feet for prolonged periods including office workers, shift workers and athletes. Bunion Bootie fits in just about any shoe easily and comfortably, and it provides all day relief from the rubbing and irritation caused by bunions. Bunion irritation, if left untreated, can result in blisters, swelling, tenderness and bursitis. At only 0.4mm thick, Bunion Booties fit comfortably in almost any shoe (including high heels and running shoes), and they are made with odor- and bacteria-resistant materials. Unlike rigid bunion splints, toe spacers, braces, and most other orthotics, Bunion Bootie is a natural alternative insert that can be worn all day. By anchoring the Bootie around the ankle, the big toe is gently pulled away from the other toes, often improving balance and restoring a more natural alignment. And in addition to their effectiveness, Bunion Booties are comfortable enough even for those with the most active lifestyles to wear and soothing enough to retreat to after a long day on your feet. Please visit Bunion Bootie’s website at https://bunionbootie.com for full details. Price discounts are available for purchases of more than one original Bunion Bootie, and those can also be found on the website. For more information, contact Bunion Bootie through the company’s website, BunionBootie.com, or by emailing at CustomerService@BunionBootie.com. Bunion Bootie has always been an excellent deal, but now it’s even better. So don’t miss your chance! Order Now! New Customers Save 5%! Join our e-mail list and receive a coupon to save 5% today! We respect your privacy. Rest assured that your information will never be shared with anyone. Subscribe to our mailing list below. (email confirmation required) “Like” Us On Facebook About Bunion Bootie Product Reviews Sizing Tips – Bunion Bootie Who Loves Bunion Bootie About Bunions About BunionETTE Bootie FAQs Available Discounts VIP Program Blog About Us – Who Are We Contact Us News/Press Bunion Bootie Retailers This site does not provide medical advice. You should consult your doctor or other health care provider if you have any questions about this or any other medical products. If you suffer from prolonged pain in your feet, you should see your health care provider for proper diagnoses. Not recommended for those with poor circulation or diabetes We’re confident that you’ll love your Bunion Bootie. If you are not satisfied for any reason, please return for a complete product refund or replacement within 30 days (See complete Return Policy for details).

Please review the following terms. They inform you of your rights and responsibilities, and protect you, your school and School Loop School Loop Terms of Service (last updated May 2018) Acceptance of Terms: Welcome! School Loop, Inc. ("School Loop" or "us" or "we") welcomes you to our website (the "School Loop Site"). We provide several services. Our website system is used to create publicly accessible web pages. School Loop Plus is a school-to-home communication and collaboration service that helps teachers, students, school staff, and parents share information about student homework assignments, grades, and other school-related information. We refer to our online applications and our website together as the "Service," and all the different types of people who have accounts on the services as "Users." By using or accessing any part of the Service, you are agreeing to these Terms of Service and all other policies or notices posted by us on our website. If you don't agree to these Terms of Service, please don't use the Service. We can change these Terms of Service at any time. If we make any changes, we will note that changes to the Terms of Service have been made in the "news" that we publish as part of the Service. Thereafter, it will be your responsibility to review the new Terms of Service to see if you agree with the new terms as it creates a binding legal agreement between you and School Loop. If you use the Service after we've changed any of the Terms of Service, you are agreeing to all of the changes. Again, if you do not agree, please don't use the Service. Permission to Use the Service You have our permission to use the Service, but only if: you have the permission of your school or school district to do so (each school or district sets its own policies on use of the Service, so you should ask your school about the conditions for becoming a user of the Service and whether any approval is required for special rights, like viewing grades); you are using the Service for your own personal school-related purposes and not for commercial purposes; you do not copy the Service or any part of the Service; you do not modify the Service or any part of the Service; you follow all the rules and restrictions we've spelled out in these Terms of Service. Accounts; Passwords; Security You will need an account in order to use the Service. You may not use someone else's account without permission. When you are setting up your account, you must give us accurate and complete information. This means that you cannot set up an account using someone else's name or contact information, or a phony name or phony contact information. You have complete responsibility for your account and everything that happens on your account. This means you need to be careful with your password. If you find out that someone is using your account without your permission, you must let us know immediately. We are not liable for any damages or losses caused by someone using your account without your permission. If you are not an employee of a school district, and we (or anyone else) suffer any damage due to the unauthorized use of your account, you may be liable. If you are an employee of a school district, your personal liability is the same as with any other school-related activity. That liability is defined by your district. We can terminate your account at any time without notice to you. Personal Use Only We are making the Service available to you for your information and your personal school-related use only. You may not (and you agree not to) use, copy, distribute, transmit, broadcast, sell, or do anything else with the Service for any other purpose. If you are a student or a parent, you may electronically copy and print, in hard copy form, information made available by the Service for the sole purpose of reviewing your (or your child's) personal school data, school notices, school homework assignments, or any other documents posted to the Service for your use. Any other use of materials on this Service, including reproduction for purposes other than those noted above, modification, distribution, or re-publication, without the prior written permission of School Loop or the applicable teacher or school administrator is strictly prohibited. We reserve the right to discontinue any aspect of the Service at any time. Intellectual Property Rights in User Content You are solely responsible for any User Content you post to the Service, and the consequences of posting or publishing it. By "User Content", we mean any Content you post to the Service. "Content" means information, data, text, graphics, messages, interactive features, grade data, absence data, or any other materials. Examples of User Content are teaching materials prepared by teachers, homework turned in by students, and e-mail messages among students, teachers, parents, and school administrators. These are just a few examples and are not meant to limit what we mean by User Content. When we say "post", we include posting, uploading, sharing, submitting or otherwise providing User Content in any manner in connection with the Service. If you post User Content, you are making a guarantee to us that you either own all the Content you are posting, or you have the right to post the Content. Furthermore, you are guaranteeing that you have the right to allow us to make your User Content available for others to view and use as part of the Service (subject to the privacy restrictions in the Service). If you do not have these rights, do not post the Content. By posting your User Content, you do not lose any ownership rights you may have to it. However, you do grant us a worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free, sublicenseable and transferable license to use, reproduce, distribute, prepare derivative works of, display, and perform your User Content only in connection with the Service. This grant includes the right to aggregate your User Content with other User Content for the purpose of compiling information regarding users of the Service as a whole.? For example, the Service may include a search engine that returns search results based on the number of times that teachers and administrators have posted links to these sites in the Service.? In order to provide this search engine, School Loop must aggregate information regarding the links that teachers and administrators have posted and the context in which the links were posted (such as assignments, courses, grade level, etc.).? In aggregating this information, unless you permit us to identify you, School Loop will remove any personally identifying information, such as who posted the link. You also grant each user of the Service a non-exclusive license to access your User Content through the Service and to use, copy, print, distribute, display and perform your User Content as permitted through the functionality of the Service (subject to the privacy restrictions in the Service and any copyright notices you include in your User Content) and under these Terms of Service. Once you remove your User Content from the Service (which you have the right to do at any time), these licenses will no longer apply. The only exception is that if someone made or distributed a copy of your User Content while it was still on the Service, that person will still be allowed to use the copy. Some User Content You Share May Become Public Some users of the Service may use the Service to host forums for online discussion or message posting about issues important to your community or school. The organizer of the forum will determine how these online forums are used. These are public forums, and information that users post may be available to other members of the school community, and in some cases even other schools or on the Internet. Your individual school will decide how it wishes to use online discussion and message boards. In addition, the Service allows your individual district or school to make certain information that you post available on the internet. Your individual district or school will decide what kinds of information to make public on the Internet, but this information may include information posted by teachers about their course descriptions, syllabi, and assignments, as well as general information about the school, school news and school events. Your individual school or school district is responsible for ensuring that its decision regarding the information it makes available on the Internet is consistent with its own privacy policies and applicable law. If you are a parent, you agree that the practices described in this Section 6 are acceptable to you, as well as to any of your children that use the Service. If you are a teacher, you agree that the practices described in this Section 6 are acceptable to you as well as any of your students that use the Service. Restrictions on User Content and Your Conduct You may not: use our Service for any illegal purpose; use our Service to harm minors in any way, including posting User Content that violates child pornography laws, child sexual exploitation laws, or any other laws protecting children; submit User Content that you don't have the right to submit, unless you have the owner's permission; this includes someone else's private information (such as passwords, home addresses, personal phone numbers), as well as material covered by someone else's copyright, trade secret, privacy, publicity, or any other proprietary right; publish or distribute pictures of others or yourself without appropriate permission; forge headers or manipulate other identifiers in order to disguise the origin of any User Content you submit; submit any User Content that contains lies, falsehoods or misrepresentations that could damage us or anyone else; submit User Content that is illegal, obscene, defamatory, libelous, threatening, pornographic, harassing, hateful, racially or ethnically offensive, or encourages conduct that would be considered a criminal offense, give rise to civil liability, violate any law, or is otherwise inappropriate; transmit any unsolicited or unauthorized advertising, promotional materials, junk mail, spam, chain letters, pyramid schemes, or any other form of solicitation; impersonate anyone else or lie about your affiliation with another person or entity; use meta tags or any other "hidden text" utilizing any of our or our suppliers' product names or trademarks; upload, launch, post, email or transmit any material (including any bot, worm, scripting exploit or computer virus) that is likely to harm or corrupt our Service, or harm or corrupt our or anyone else's computer systems, or data; collect or gather other people's personal information (including account information) from our Service; submit User Content which disparages us, our partners, vendor or affiliates; or solicit, for commercial purposes, any users of our Service. We have the sole right, but not necessarily the obligation, to delete at any time any User Content that violates these rules or that we believe to be inappropriate for any reason. Furthermore, if you violate any of these rules, we may terminate your account and access to the Service and take any other action against you that we think is necessary. We Are Not Responsible for User Content We generally do not review any of the User Content posted by our users. We do not endorse any User Content or support any views, opinions, recommendations, or advice that may be in user submissions. User Content comes from a variety of sources, and we make no promises about the reliability of any source or the accuracy, usefulness, safety, or intellectual property rights of any user submission. You may be offended by User Content that you see on the Service. You may find some of it to be inaccurate, offensive, indecent, or objectionable. However, you agree not to hold us responsible in any way for your use of our Service, including your exposure to User Content. Proprietary Rights School Loop and its suppliers retain all right, title and interest (including all copyright, trade secret, patent and other rights) in and to the Service (including its interface and any underlying software or technology) and Content which is included in the Service (other than User Content). We reserve all rights in and to the Service unless we expressly state otherwise. The Service contains proprietary and confidential information that is protected by applicable intellectual property and other laws. The Service may include text, images, and other Content of School Loop or third-parties ("Licensed Content") which you are permitted to use in connection with the Service; you may use such Licensed Content only in connection with use of the Service and only as expressly permitted and you may not otherwise remove, copy, use or distribute any such Licensed Content apart from the Service. You may not decompile, reverse engineer, disassemble, or otherwise reduce the Service to a human-perceivable form, except and only to the extent that such activity is expressly permitted by applicable law notwithstanding this limitation. You may not modify, sell, rent, lend, lease, transfer, resell for profit, distribute or create derivative works based upon the Service. All brand, product and service names used in the Service which identify School Loop or its suppliers and their proprietary products and services are the trademarks or service marks of School Loop or its suppliers. Nothing in this Service shall be deemed to confer on any person any license or right on the part of School Loop or such supplier with respect to any such image, logo or name. Keeping Copyright Notices and Security Features Intact If you download or share a copy of anything on or created using the Service, you must not delete, erase, or remove any logos or notices (such as copyright notices) that are on the item you download. You also understand that certain items may not be reprinted without the permission of the author. Similarly, you agree not to disable, interfere, or try to get around any of the features of the Service related to security, preventing or restricting use or copying of any Content, or enforcing the limits on the use of the Service or the Content on the Service. Enforcement of Copyrights We respect the intellectual property rights of others. You may not use our Service to infringe anyone else's copyright or other intellectual property right. If we find out that you are infringing, we will remove your User Content. We do not have to give you notice that we are removing your User Content. We may also terminate your account if we decide that you are a repeat infringer. We consider a repeat infringer to be a user who has been notified of infringing activity more than twice or who has had User Content removed from our Service more than twice. Notify Us of Infringers If you believe that something on our Service violates your copyright, notify our copyright agent in writing. The contact information for our copyright agent is at the bottom of this section. In order for us to take action, you must do the following in your notice: provide your physical or electronic signature; identify the copyrighted work that you believe is being infringed; identify the item on our Service that you think is infringing your work and include sufficient information about where the material is located on our Service (including which website) so that we can find it; provide us with a way to contact you, such as your address, telephone number, or e-mail; provide a statement that you believe in good faith that the item you have identified as infringing is not authorized by the copyright owner, its agent, or the law to be used on our Service; and provide a statement that the information you provide in your notice is accurate, and that (under penalty of perjury), you are authorized to act on behalf of the copyright owner whose work is being infringed. Here is the contact information for our copyright agent: Copyright Enforcement School Loop, Inc. PO Box 2416 San Francisco, CA 94126 Phone: (415) 952-5667 E-Mail: copyright@schoolloop.com Again, we cannot take action unless you give us all the required information. How to Communicate with Us Only notices about copyright infringement should go to our copyright enforcement department. If you have anything else to communicate with us (like feedback, comments, requests for technical support), you should contact us through our customer service department at help@schoolloop.com. Our Storage Policy School Loop offers "digital lockers" as part of the Service. We will store the information you place in your locker for as long as you have a valid account and meet the requirements for using the Service as determined by your school. Thereafter, we will remove the contents from your digital locker. For example, if you are a teacher and you leave your employment with your school, you will lose your locker contents. Similarly, if you are a student and you no longer have a schedule assigned to you while school is in session, you will lose your contents. Please note that even though we make digital lockers available to you, you are solely responsible for keeping back-ups of everything you post on our Service. Note, if you are connected to Google Drive via your School Loop locker – your Drive content will not be affected if your School Loop account is no longer active. FERPA Please be aware that the Service and all User Content may be subject to the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) (20 U.S.C. 1232g; 34 CFR Part 99). FERPA is a Federal law that applies to student education records. Here is a very brief summary of the key elements of FERPA, as excerpted from the U.S. Department of Education website: FERPA gives parents certain rights with respect to their children's education records. These rights transfer to the student when he or she reaches the age of 18 or attends a school beyond the high school level. Students to whom the rights have transferred are "eligible students." Parents or eligible students have the right to inspect and review the student's education records maintained by the school. Schools are not required to provide copies of records unless, for reasons such as great distance, it is impossible for parents or eligible students to review the records. Schools may charge a fee for copies. Parents or eligible students have the right to request that a school correct records which they believe to be inaccurate or misleading. If the school decides not to amend the record, the parent or eligible student then has the right to a formal hearing. After the hearing, if the school still decides not to amend the record, the parent or eligible student has the right to place a statement with the record setting forth his or her view about the contested information. Generally, schools must have written permission from the parent or eligible student in order to release any information from a student's education record. However, FERPA allows schools to disclose those records, without consent, to the following parties or under the following conditions (34 CFR 99.31): School officials with legitimate educational interest; Other schools to which a student is transferring; Specified officials for audit or evaluation purposes; Appropriate parties in connection with financial aid to a student; Organizations conducting certain studies for or on behalf of the school; Accrediting organizations; To comply with a judicial order or lawfully issued subpoena; Appropriate officials in cases of health and safety emergencies; and State and local authorities, within a juvenile justice system, pursuant to specific State law. Schools may disclose, without consent, "directory" information such as a student's name, address, telephone number, date and place of birth, honors and awards, and dates of attendance. However, schools must tell parents and eligible students about directory information and allow parents and eligible students a reasonable amount of time to request that the school not disclose directory information about them. For example, a student given publishing rights by a webmaster at a school may publish news and events to the school website. Those items display the student's name as the publisher of the item on the site. Schools must notify parents and eligible students annually of their rights under FERPA. The actual means of notification (special letter, inclusion in a PTA bulletin, student handbook, or newspaper article) is left to the discretion of each school. More information about FERPA is available on the U.S. Department of Education website. Links to Other Sites: Our Service may contain links to other websites that we don't own or control. We are not responsible for any of these other websites. You will not hold us responsible for any aspect of these other websites, including their content, privacy policies, or anything else. You may be exposed to things on other websites that you don't like or that you find offensive. We are not responsible for this, either. You must use your own discretion when you go to other websites. You should also read the terms and conditions and privacy policies of these other websites. Third Party Integration By enabling any third party services (e.g. choosing to connect to and access Google Drive, a third party service, through your School Loop locker), you agree that School Loop is not responsible for the accuracy, legality, availability or reliability of any such third party services, the acts or omissions of any providers of such third party services or any information made available in connection with such third party services. Please remember that the manner in which such third party services use, store and disclose your information is governed solely by the policies of such third parties, and School Loop will have no liability or responsibility for the privacy practices or other actions of any provider of such third party service. As such, you agree not to seek to hold School Loop liable or responsible for any damage or loss caused by or in connection with the use of such third party services. School Loop enables these features merely as a convenience and the integration or inclusion of such features does not imply an endorsement or recommendation. Warranty Disclaimer Use of the Service is at your own risk. The Service is provided on an "as is" and "as available" basis. School Loop and its affiliates, suppliers and partners expressly disclaim all warranties of any kind, whether express or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement. School Loop and its affiliates, suppliers and partners make no warranty that: the service will meet your requirements the service will be uninterrupted, timely, secure or error-free there will be no errors in the service or that School Loop will fix any errors Any materials downloaded or otherwise obtained through use of the service are provided at your own discretion and risk, and School Loop shall not be responsible for any damage caused to your computer or data or for any bugs, viruses, trojan horses or other destructive code resulting from use of the Service. Some states do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties, so the above exclusion may not apply to you. You may also have other legal rights, which vary from state to state. Limitation of Liability To the fullest extent permitted under law, School Loop and its affiliates, suppliers and partners have no obligation or liability (whether arising in contract, warranty, tort (including negligence), product liability or otherwise) for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, punitive, or consequential damages or liabilities (including, but not limited to, any loss of data, revenue or profit) arising from or related to your use of the Service or any content provided by or through the Service, even if we have been advised of the possibility of such damages in advance. This foregoing limitation applies to damages arising from: your use or inability to use our Service the cost of procurement of substitute goods and services resulting from any failure of the Service unauthorized access to or alteration of your user content or data third party content made available to you through the Service any other matter relating to the Service Some states do not allow the limitation or exclusion of incidental, consequential or other types of damages, so some of the above limitations may not apply to you. Indemnity You agree to indemnify and hold harmless School Loop and its affiliates, suppliers, partners, officers, agents, and employees from and against any claim, demand, losses, damages or expenses (including reasonable attorney's fees) arising from your violation of these Terms of Service, your violation of any rights of any third-party or arising solely from your negligence or willful misconduct. Your indemnification obligation will survive these Terms of Service and your use of the Service. Termination We may terminate your permission to use the Service immediately and without notice upon any violation of these Terms of Service, your failure to pay any fees (if applicable) when due, upon the request of law enforcement or government agencies, for extended periods of inactivity, for unexpected technical issues or problems or for engagement by you in fraudulent or illegal activities. If we terminate your use of the Service for any of these reasons or otherwise for cause, we will not refund any fees you may have paid (including any fees you have pre-paid for ongoing use of the Service). We may terminate or suspend the Service or any part of the Service or your use of the Service, at any time without cause without any liability to you. We may also report any violation of these Terms of Service, including any violation with respect to User Content, to your school and remove any of your User Content as directed by your school, without any liability to you. If we terminate your use of the Service without cause, we will provide a pro-rata refund for any period of the Services for which you paid fees in advance but which you will not be able to use due to the termination. Upon any termination we may delete your account, passwords and User Content and bar you from further use of the Service. You agree that we will have no liability to you or any third party for termination of your account, User Content or access to the Service. General Terms These Terms of Service are governed by laws of the state of California, without respect to its conflict of laws principles. The sole jurisdiction and venue for any claim arising from the Service and these Terms of Service shall be the state and federal courts located in, or serving, San Mateo County, California and each party hereby consents to the exclusive jurisdiction and venue of such courts. These Terms of Service, together with any other legal notices we have published on the Service, constitute the entire agreement between you and us regarding this Service. If a court having proper authority decides that any portion of these Terms of Service is invalid, only the part that is invalid will not apply. The rest of these Terms of Service will still be in effect. If we waive any of our rights under these Terms and Conditions in any particular instance, it does not mean that we are waiving our rights generally or in the future. Furthermore, just because we may not enforce all our rights all of the time, it does not mean that we are waiving our rights. We may decide to enforce them at a later date. 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Ensure sustainable growth and stay ahead of your competitors. Burnie Group can help you to accelerate your current business line performance and identify new opportunities for growth. Capitalize on changing customer needs and market conditions Your customers change, and so do their needs and expectations. Market conditions evolve, and so do your competitors. Our growth strategy practice will address these conditions to deliver an innovative, customer-focused plan that puts you a step ahead of your competitors. Set a New Direction Identify opportunities to grow across new channels, customer segments and markets. Innovate Use new approaches and design new products and service offerings. Execute Rapidly Define a careful execution path and then implement quickly. A comprehensive and insightful growth strategy We focus on numerous elements as we design a growth strategy for your organization, including a fact-based assessment of the current state, analysis and prioritization of potential opportunities, design of the future-state strategy and an execution roadmap. We use diverse, proven tools to develop your growth strategy, including a market and competitive analysis, financial modelling, benchmarking and in-depth research. Dramatically increase top-line growth We will identify ways to accelerate growth in your current business lines and pinpoint adjacent opportunities that will complement your business and fit within your organization. We will build a practical plan and use our expertise in technology and operations to help you execute successfully. Strategy consultants that know your industry Our top-tier strategy consultants have extensive experience developing growth strategies. We select seasoned, experienced consultants, trained at leading consultancies like McKinsey, Boston Consulting Group, Bain, Booz Allen and A.T. Kearney. Your project will always be in the hands of our senior experts. Client testimonials “[The Burnie Group] did a nice job getting to know our business and industry and honing in on issues/priorities.” Medical Facilities Corporation Looking to grow your business? CONNECT WITH US Burnie Group is a management consulting firm that helps clients improve their performance by applying innovative strategy, process excellence, and world-class technology.

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The Route 1 bus runs about every 20 minutes, from about 5 AM until approximately 11:30 PM (weekdays). It runs on holidays and Sundays from about 6:30 AM to about 9:30 PM. It can run late at busy times and is (rarely) full, which means waiting for the next bus to come. So allow plenty of time. How late do buses run in Winnipeg? When do buses run? 365 days a year, usually from 6 a.m. until past midnight; although some routes do not operate seven days a week. Weekday rush hours from 7 a.m. – 9 a.m. and 3:30 p.m. – 5:30 p.m., providing the most service available. Refer to the online timetables. What time do buses stop running in San Antonio? 4 a.m. to 1 a.m. Every 15 minutes – 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. Prímo 102 travels from the Kel-Lac Transit Center to Brooks Transit Center. The service runs daily, with frequent service every 12 minutes during peak times. What bus goes to Plainfield? These Bus lines stop near Plainfield, NJ: 113, 65, 819, 822. You might be interested: Quick Answer: When To Stop For A Bus? How much is a bus pass in Florida? Monthly Pass: Adult Pass – $58. Senior/Disabled – $29. Are Broward County buses still running? ​​ Bus fare collections resume Tuesday, June 1, 2021.​ US 1 Breeze (Route 101), University Breeze (Route 102) and Broward Breeze (Route 122) limited stop service has been suspended temporarily. Due to COVID-19, BCT is operating a modified schedule. How much is Winnipeg bus? As of Jan. 1, 2020, the price for a trip on the bus is increasing by five cents to $3 for a full cash fare and $2.50 for seniors and youths. Prices are slightly lower for bus tickets or e-cash fares, at $2.65 for adults and post-secondary students, $1.88 for youths, and $1.33 for seniors. Is Winnipeg Transit free? Effective January 1, 2021, Winnipeg Transit will offer fare- free travel for children age 11 and under who are riding with a fare-paying customer. Information on fares for other Winnipeg Transit riders is available on the Transit Fares page. How does Winnipeg Transit work? Winnipeg Transit identifies bus routes by a route number, route name and route destination. The route name is usually the major street on which the bus travels. The route destination shows where the bus is going. How much is the bus fare in San Antonio? Fares Fares Full Reduced Regular Bus $1.30 $0.65 Express Bus Service $2.60 $1.30 Transfers FREE FREE VIA Link $1.30 $0.65 10 What time does the VIA bus start running? CLICK MAP TO ENLARGE Route Time 40 VIVA Missions 8:30 am – 5:30 pm Daily 64 US 90 Express 8:00 am – 10:00 pm Daily 94 IH-10 Express 6:00 am – 11:00 pm Daily 100 Primo 4:00 am – 1:00 am Daily You might be interested: Octa Bus Fair? 3 How do you text a bus stop? If you send just a bus route, MTA Bus Time returns only whether the route is scheduled to run or not. The most basic option is to send a text message with the 6-digit bus stop code TO: 511123. Some bus stops are served by multiple routes. Sometimes, a stop will have routes that are not scheduled at that time. How far is Plainfield NJ from NYC? How far is it from Plainfield to Manhattan? The distance between Plainfield and Manhattan is 25 miles. The road distance is 34.2 miles.

The club manages and maintains the Great North Woods ATV Trail System which encompasses Pittsburg, Clarksville & Stewartstown with a mission to promote & foster responsible OHRV riding as a sport.

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Take is slowly when you get started in real estate investing. Learning everything you can will benefit you with your endeavors. In this article, we share some excellent tips that will help you get off on the right foot. Before investing in any form of real estate, make sure you analyze the market and go out and do some research. Look at many different properties at your location and note various things on a spreadsheet. Compare things like the costs of repairs, desirability of location and potential return on your investment. This will help you weed out the bad from the good. You want to be educated concerning real estate investments before you begin. This is important, as you will learn many different tips and strategies associated with the business. Buy educational DVDs, check out books from the library, and learn everything you can so your are in a great … Tags:estateinsInvestingknowledgeoutsreal Search for: Recent Posts Everything You Need To Know About Real Estate Investing Terrific Tips About Investing In Real Estate Finding Success By Investing In The Real Estate Market Real Estate Investing Ins And Outs For You To Get Knowledge About Tips And Tricks For Successful Real Estate Investing Categories Accounting Advertising Business Home Innovation Interviews Management Marketing Team Building Archives November 2021 October 2021 September 2021 August 2021 July 2021 June 2021 May 2021 April 2021 March 2021 February 2021 January 2021 December 2020 September 2020 August 2020 September 2019 August 2019 July 2019 June 2019 May 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 Pages Contact Us Sitemap Tags Advice Amazing Article Boost comprehensive Easy estate Exchange Find Finding Follow Foreign Forex Good Great Helpful Helping Home Ideas Income Investing Investment Learn Market Money Navigate Profits Read real Simple Start Started Strategies Succeed Success Successful terrific Tips Trade Trader Traders Trading Tricks Work World

This was the basic message from leading criminologist Monique Marks, who was asked for comment after News24 compared the height of walls around some houses in Durban, Cape Town and Johannesburg to those of prison walls. The Department of Correctional Services deputy commissioner for incarceration, James Smalberger, told News24 the perimeter security fence at maximum security facilities “is normally five metres or higher with the same applying to the actual wall itself”. Some of the walls News24 found were comparable to the heights Smalberger had indicated. Marks, a criminology professor at the Urban Futures Centre at the Durban University of Technology, and Durban metro police officer Chris Overall conducted research last year to establish if high walls actually generated greater security. In short, the answer was “no”. Visibility “I don’t think people understand. They’ve created their own sort of fortresses which really have imprisoned them in a very unsafe space,” Marks said. “People who are going to conduct organised crime don’t want to be seen, because they need time to do these kind of things, which is why you find the more serious kinds of armed robberies and hijackings tend to take place behind walls.” For serious crimes to be committed in view of the street was “very, very different and very difficult”. Having a low wall allowed for increased visibility or “natural surveillance” from the street. “What high solid walls do is prevent visibility, both from inside out and outside in. You have people patrolling your streets, the police or private security and something is going on, they can’t see in and you can’t see out,” she said. “That’s very frustrating for the police. Often people say ‘We pay private security companies and they tell us they never know what’s happening’. It’s because they can’t see inside.” Marks said the ideal boundary structure would be palisade fencing or fairly low walls so you can see in and out. Psychology of fear Pam Golding Properties business executive Trish Luthuli said high walls could enhance the value of a home. “Many residents value walls even if they live in one of the many popular Gauteng estates that have their own boundary walls or fences,” she said. However, Marks said high walls also created mental walls in the minds of those living behind them. “Basically, I’m defending myself against you on the street. You on the street are a problem, I don’t want you in my space,” she said. “I think that generates a psychology of fear both for the person on the inside and for the person on the outside, but also a sense of possible animosity from people on the street who are constantly confronting these defensive structures.” City of Joburg mayor Parks Tau lamented high walls around houses in an interview with News24 earlier this year. “Sometimes the things we do that are intended to secure us cause greater harm, because we build high walls that enclose people from their neighbours, so people are unable to see through the rest of the suburb and that impacts on the suburb,” Tau said at the time. In Cape Town, there are bylaws specifying no solid wall could be higher than 1.8 metres on the street and palisade fencing 2.1 metres. Also, street boundaries, including the gate, must have a 40% visible permeability. News24 More on crime Reporting on crime encourages crime: SABC COO There’s no evidence that death penalty is a deterrent against crime The worst crime hot spots in South Africa Subscribe Must Read Hospital group calls for major gatherings to be cancelled in South Africa These are the areas in South Africa where more people are unemployed than working Old Mutual makes multi-billion rand cash offer for Sportsmans Warehouse and Sorbet owner Omicron up close: What South Africa’s experts are actually seeing on the frontlines Partner Content If your company needs a new mobile app – start here 5 Reasons to consider offshore life insurance How to reach 1.6 million South African business decision makers Acclimatising to alt season – Part 1 – Altcoins Show comments Join the conversation Autoload comments Comments section policy: Attacks on BusinessTech, its journalists or other users will result in a ban. Posts that attempt to bypass word filters will be deleted. Using comment sections to post about or comment on closed threads will result in that section being closed to further posts.

RECHARGE your passion, REBALANCE your approach, and RESET your business November 5-6 at Consult-Con 2021. From energizing self-care activity sessions to an illuminating keynote with Dr. Philip Kotler, this virtual conference is perfectly calibrated to revolutionize your practice. www.imcusaconference.org Advertisement Tweets A team of 10-15 contractors, Torcom Construction has shown great resilience in a rapidly changing economic landscap… https://t.co/0Y5oVMhcqq 03-Dec-2021 Reply Retweet Favorite Rochester, NH has a low unemployment rate & growing population of younger people. The city is undergoing many devel… https://t.co/51VDuoWRRY 02-Dec-2021 Reply Retweet Favorite The historically rural community and friendly @ShelburneTown in @DufferinCounty has been undergoing many transition… https://t.co/3ycaXazCZp 02-Dec-2021 Reply Retweet Favorite Planters First Bank takes pride in the way they operate holistically as a team and they're deeply committed to serv… https://t.co/VQyBu5eIzm 01-Dec-2021 Reply Retweet Favorite Murray Homes, Sarasota's premier waterfront builder has another division, Murray Premier Services, and a sideline,… https://t.co/atrnWp3yFp 01-Dec-2021 Reply Retweet Favorite Associations IHRSA – The Global Health &... Dec 2, 2021 Colorado Auto Dealers Association – Driving... Dec 2, 2021 Association of Florida Community Developers (AFCD)... Nov 5, 2021 Virginia Airport Operators Council (VAOC) –... Nov 4, 2021 Aviation Council of Pennsylvania (ACP) –... Nov 4, 2021 About Business View Magazine is North America’s best source of news for executives, entrepreneurs, small business owners, franchisees, and anyone else interested in current industry trends and best practices. Every month our digital platform covers the latest developments in manufacturing, construction, infrastructure, supply chain and logistics, health care, food and beverage, and energy.

Year 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 1979 1978 1977 1976 1975 1974 1973 1972 1971 1970 1969 1968 1967 1966 1965 1964 1963 1962 1961 1960 1959 1958 1957 1956 1955 1954 1953 1952 1951 1950 1949 1948 1947 1946 1945 1944 1943 1942 1941 1940 1939 1938 1937 1936 1935 1934 1933 1932 1931 1930 1929 1928 1927 1926 1925 1924 1923 1922 1921 1920 1919 1918 1917 1916 1915 1914 1913 1912 1911 1910 Enter or exit By entering this site you acknowledge that you accept its Terms and Conditions Please enjoy responsibly. To enter our website, you must be of legal alcohol drinking age in your country/region of residence. If no such law for responsible drinking exists in your location you have to be over 21 to visit our site. THE STORY OF JULICHER VINEYARD After 20 years of putting our roots down, we've changed tack... Renowned sailors, the Butterworth Family is the new custodians of Julicher Vineyard, planted in the iconic soils of Te Muna. Start Here Where it all began What does a Dutch bricklayer, olive trees and some of the world’s best Pinot Noir have in common? Quite a lot actually. The Julicher family - the founding custodians and our vineyard’s namesake were like a lot of the pioneering families in the New Zealand wine industry. Hard working immigrants who arrived with little and looked to make a big impact with their new life. What they lacked in knowledge they made up for with charm, bloody-mindedness and a lot of No.8 wire. The Early Days Wim Julicher (Yu-li-ka) set out the vineyard, dug every hole and planted every grape. He got to know the site pretty well as just one year earlier his ambitions of becoming a top quality Olive Oil producer were put on ice (literally). Wim originally planted the Te Muna vineyard as an Olive Grove. The site’s unique aspect made it far too cold for the poor olive trees. Luckily for us, it creates the perfect amount of pressure for the divine struggle required to produce world class Chardonnay and Pinot Noir. Julicher Pinot Noir was born. What Wim lacked in viticultural education he made up for with a masterclass in keeping an eye on his neighbours. Larry McKenna and the Escarpment crew were planting their new vineyard at exactly the same time, so Wim took the watch and learn approach. Wim couldn’t help but notice how interested the top producers of the region were in purchasing his Pinot Noir fruit. Wim sold the entire first crop to local pioneers, Ata Rangi. As the second vintage rolled around Wim proposed to Ata Rangi that they make a few cases that he could label under his own name. Ata Rangi declined to set aside any of the top-quality fruit destined for their top wine, so Wim decided he’d keep the lot. We've changed tack With twenty-five years of cultivating, nurturing and picking up more than their fair share of gold medals, the foundations of one of New Zealand’s most mature vineyards were set, ready for the next custodians to take the helm. New owners Brad and Warren Butterworth jumped at the chance to build on Wim’s (and his patient partner, Sue Darling’s) success. “We loved the wine so much we bought the vineyard” jokes Brad, however, he’s deadly serious. Brad & Warren aspire to see their Te Muna estate recognised as one of the very best producers in the world. They’ve very little experience with coming in second place. it's in the blood While the Butterworth Family is world famous for their sailing achievements, their viticultural heritage dates back to the founding days of the New Zealand wine industry. Romeo Bragato described the family’s wine production as ‘equal, and very likely superior, to any wine imported into the country’ at the time. The original 1890’s vineyard property is still in the family today. Butterworth Estate When you’re really proud of something you put your name to it. The J-Knot on every bottle, the strongest knot you can tie, is a tribute to our vineyard’s founder, Wim Julicher. BUTTERWORTH TE MUNA ESTATE Our Wines Renowned sailors, the Butterworth Family are the new custodians of Julicher Vineyard, planted in the iconic soils of Te Muna. All of our wines are Estate produced, made with a light touch by winemaker and biotechnologist, Martin Bell.

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By continuing to use this site, you give your consent to our use of cookies for analytics, personalization and ads. Read more Favorite News Money GOJ, EPOC sign MOU to continue to monitor economic reform By Tashna-Toya Aug 25, 2019 Favorite The Government of Jamaica and the Economic Programme Oversight Committee (EPOC) signed a Memorandum of Understanding on Thursday, August 22 at the Ministry of Finance to continue to monitor the economic reform programme after the end of the IMF Precautionary Stand-By Agreement in November. Minister of Finance and the Public Service, Dr. the Hon. Nigel Clarke (centre); Governor of the Bank of Jamaica, Richard Byles (left); and Chairman of the Economic Programme Oversight Committee (EPOC), Keith Duncan, sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to extend domestic monitoring of Jamaica’s economic reform programme by EPOC beyond the end of the Precautionary Stand-By Arrangement with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The signing ceremony was held at the Ministry’s National Heroes Circle Offices on August 22. (Source: JIS; Photographer — Michael Slolely) The Government was represented by the Ministry of Finance & the Public Service with officials joining those from EPOC in signing the MOU. The delegations were led by Minister of Finance and the Public Service Dr Nigel Clarke and Chairman of the EPOC Keith Duncan. EPOC Chairman, Keith Duncan Minister of Finance and the Public Service, Dr Nigel Clarke The MOU will last for one year. However, subsequent MOUs are expected until parliament puts in place the necessary legislation for a fiscal council as well as giving the central bank independence to implement monetary policy. According to Clarke, when the IMF Precautionary Stand-By Agreement ends in November, the international entity has agreed with the government to have an office remain in the island to help in the transition of Jamaica’s fiscal independence. Clarke said, “these decisions are clear demonstrations of the government’s commitment and intent to maintain a credible macroeconomic path, inclusive of a fiscal trajectory that is consistent with our fiscal responsibility framework, long into the future, providing the foundation for economic opportunity for current and future generations.” Duncan said, “we believe it is important that this monetary mechanism continues to be in place until we are comfortable that institutional arrangements that are in place, are adequate, suitable and have sufficient capacity to be able to deliver.” YOU MAY ALSO LIKE... Minister Clarke pays tribute to deceased CPO Jamaica’s Finance Minister Nigel Clarke has expressed sadness and grief at the untimely passing of his Close Protection Officer (CPO), Sergeant Marlon Smith. S… PSOJ appoints Imega Breese McNab as executive director Imega Breese McNab was appointed executive director of the Private Sector Organisation of Jamaica (PSOJ) effective January 18. Breese McNab formerly served as execut… Keith Duncan re-elected as PSOJ president Keith Duncan was unanimously re-elected president of the Private Sector Organisation of Jamaica (PSOJ) yesterday, December 3. Duncan’… Jamaica’s Students’ Loan Bureau temporarily removes application, processing fees The Students’ Loan Bureau (SLB) in Jamaica has waived application and processing fees for the upcoming academic year. Minister of Finance, Dr Nigel Clarke, said th…

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A low-tech tool akin to a paper calendar or planner will work optimum for some small enterprise homeowners. you can additionally use the calendar purposes via Google or Microsoft Outlook to schedule and tune your advertising and marketing initiatives. overview your advertising tasks day by day, weekly, monthly and quarterly, and regulate the advertising time table as mandatory. organize files by way of advertising assignment. Create a grasp file for each assignment that consists of all the crucial details. depending on your preferences and business needs, that you would be able to store your marketing challenge in a template in a spreadsheet, be aware processing file, or in a file folder or binder. that you could then assessment marketing initiatives on the marketing calendar in addition to of their own project data. When updating or reviewing the popularity of a advertising and marketing mission, you could possibly work inside the challenge file, which makes it essential to entry undertaking particulars or outcomes. put into effect a assessment and comply with-up system for all of your marketing tasks to stay on exact of ongoing advertising and marketing tasks and time limits. It could be so simple as constructing e-mail reminders inside Google calendar or creating a manual tickler file for your filing cabinet. evaluation the popularity of your marketing tasks on an everyday basis, so you can preserve and optimize marketing campaigns for the most effective outcomes. through creating usual methods and observe-up systems, that you could improved hold track of your marketing tasks with out lacking any closing dates or opportunities. assignment Plan Vs. challenge management Framework setting up a complete mission administration framework helps task managers arrange and plan large projects with the aid of mentioning goals and targets, managing hazards, monitoring activities and evaluating outcomes. large foreign assist agencies tend to use a assignment-management framework matrix to summarize particulars. task managers at small organizations usually generate a challenge plan file the usage of a be aware-processing tool to explain the project to sponsors and stakeholders. Logical Framework strategy using a logical framework approach, a task manager usually creates a matrix together with four columns and 4 rows. The row headings assist you to specify a development purpose, instant objective, outputs, activities and inputs. The column headings assist you to specify a abstract, objectively verifiable indicators, potential of verification and external components or assumptions. The building aim suggests how the task contributes to a far better-degree intention. additionally, you consist of the immediate pursuits that describe the results of the challenge, equivalent to alterations in conduct. task-plan building approach however, the usage of a project-plan building approach, a assignment manager creates a file that contains particulars in regards to the venture goals, description, requirements analysis, elements required and approaches vital to produce the product or service. In a task plan file, the challenge manager also describes the most fulfilling aim of the assignment. however to specify the connection to other projects and executive abstract details, you customarily write paragraphs as a substitute of lists. Approving Sponsors typically allocate funding and other resources to projects according to their acceptance of the particulars exact in undertaking planning files. Your doc, no matter if the form is a matrix or observe-processing file, should clearly determine the goal and proposed accomplishments, how success receives measured, identified risks and particulars about elements required to obtain the cited dreams and aims. Evaluating project managers use a mission management framework matrix to list the objectively verifiable indicators and the ability of verification. This area specifies how the project sponsors can validate that the assignment has carried out its favored outcomes. in a similar fashion, a assignment supervisor contains details about the sponsor’s necessities within the task plan doc so that at the conclusion of the task, group members can use great handle and high-quality assurance procedures to assess if the necessities have been met. Monitoring using a assignment administration framework matrix, you listing the activities required to provide the preferred output, the timeline for completion and the components required, such materials, device and personnel. You additionally checklist the dangers linked to undertaking. These encompass movements, conditions or choices that may influence the project. for those who create a venture plan, you consist of the same assistance but typically use charts, graphs and tables to depict the project. the use of this tips, you usually display screen the mission through conducting weekly repute file meetings to compare progress to the planned projects and estimated completion times. Wetland & circulate evaluation Use this web page to complete wetland and move assessment. Biologists need to meet the minimal qualifications for wetland biologists (pdf 566 kb) to complete wetland and circulate assessments on Washington State department of Transportation (WSDOT) tasks. An evaluation effects in a Wetland and circulation assessment report (WSAR). Documenting latest conditions of wetlands and different waters helps challenge engineers and designers steer clear of and cut impacts to waters. We use assessments of impacted wetlands and streams to design compensatory mitigation. places for future compensation sites also require an evaluation to determine the boundary between existing wetland areas and the place new wetlands should be established. Wetland and movement evaluation informs country wide Environmental coverage Act (NEPA) documentation and let purposes, together with the joint aquatic aid let utility (JARPA). follow the steps on this page: study Chapter 431: Wetlands within the WSDOT Environmental manual for policies regarding wetlands. See our NEPA &SEPA counsel and Environmental allows & approval pages for counsel on permit purposes. After the usage of this page to find wetlands and streams in your task, use the picking out jurisdiction of wetlands & other waters page to assess which agency has jurisdiction. See our Wetland mitigation web page for mitigation sequencing and early planning issues. Request a wetland & circulate evaluation The assignment Engineer workplace (PEO) works with environmental managers and enable coordinators to request a wetland and movement assessment from a WSDOT regional or headquarters environmental workplace or advisor. The PEO should plan satisfactory lead time for the biologist to habits field work right through the becoming season, customarily between March and October, depending on your vicinity. The PEO gives the biologist: mission description, intention, and site venture plan sheets – showing all areas of potential impact, including temporary affect areas, and doubtlessly impacted ditch sections, with circulation direction and universal connecting infrastructure comparable to culverts or stormwater aspects Written right of entry (ROE) – for entry to non-DOT property, if inside the mission area. paying for ROE can take massive time. provoke the process early to assist avoid venture delays Survey crew – biologist will coordinate survey needs with survey following box work Use the established Scope of labor for Delineation (docx 54 kb) to assist build the wetland and circulation delineation and evaluation part to your advisor contracts. determine mission documents The wetland biologist coordinates with the challenge team to verify the crucial documentation for a given challenge. A biologist completes wetland and flow evaluation tasks and prepares a Wetland and circulation evaluation document (WSAR). If vital, use the Wetland discipline record (pdf 49 kb) guidelines to satisfy NEPA. Wetland self-discipline experiences generally doc existing conditions, have an effect on evaluation, and conceptual mitigation. keep away from duplicating advice. Coordinate together with your project team to “correct dimension” your documentation. for example, a self-discipline file may additionally emerge as as a short doc covering project description, summarizing latest conditions and have an effect on evaluation, and consist of the WSAR and conceptual mitigation memo as attachments. See our EA/EIS system and put together pleasant environmental files pages for extra information on NEPA documentation. If essential, use the Vegetation discipline file (pdf 54kb) checklist and the Vegetation self-discipline file (pdf seventy three kb) template to assist doc development and assessment. prepare for field work put together for field work via estimating presence of sensitive substances within the undertaking region and gathering historical past advice. Our biologists use the WSDOT GIS Workbench and exterior companions may access this guidance from different information sources. evaluation right here to put together for box work: avoid poisonous and dangerous plant life when working within the box. See toxic plants of Washington State (pdf 7.7 mb) or take the poisonous and dangerous flowers of Washington State e-learning on the Environmental working towards web page. To print in booklet form, choose poisonous plants of Washington State (pdf 7.6 mb), from print settings choose “print on each side of paper” and “flip on brief edge.” operate wetland assessment if you find archeological materials or human remains right through fieldwork, use the Cultural components and wetlands (pdf 2.2 mb) document to agree to federal and state cultural resource legal guidelines and laws. Delineation Use the Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation manual for delineation methods outlined by way of the us military Corps of Engineers (the Corps). The Corps considers wetland delineations valid for 5 years from the date of field work. determine which Land aid location (LRR) your undertaking is in the use of the foremost Land Use resource Areas map (pdf 626 kb). For delineations occurring in LRR A or LRR E, use the Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast Regional supplement. For delineation taking place in LRR B, use the Arid West Regional complement. observe our sensitive areas naming conventions (pdf 562 kb) book when picking wetlands and other waters within the field and on plans and figures. Use our highway prisms (pdf 212 kb) advice when initiatives consist of wetlands observed adjoining to highway prisms. See our reduce slopes (pdf 229 kb) guidance for tasks involving wetlands on reduce slopes. locate counsel about remoted wetlands on our State water pleasant jurisdiction over wetlands & different waters page. Use these equipment, types, assistance, and links for accumulating vegetation, soil, and hydrology data. Wetland determination facts varieties Use our Wetland choice information types (ftp server) for both Arid West (AW) and Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast (WMVC) regions to checklist sample factor statistics. The forms require a full windows operating gadget and Excel. cell models don’t support the macros used within the varieties. constructed-in aspects of the WSDOT forms include equipment for inserting scientific plant names with their associated wetland indicator fame (WIS), also called “FAC status”, computerized calculations, and dropdown menus for commonplace responses. Vegetation Reference probably the most fresh edition of the Corps national Wetland Plant list on their webpage. Use the Plant Code (pdf 271 kb) record to list container records for flowers generally present in Washington. This listing offers scientific and customary names, native vs. brought, and WIS of a subset of commonly encountered plants. A corresponding WSDOT auto-textual content macro for Microsoft word inserts assistance should you enter plant codes, including scientific identify, typical name, and WIS. find setting up instructions, plant codes, and the macro file “Autotext_Plants.dotm” on the WSDOT public FTP server. Soils Reference essentially the most contemporary versions of the U.S. department of Agriculture (USDA) countrywide useful resource Conservation provider (NRCS) publications to explain soils for your mission site: Hydrology Use right here equipment to aid the collection and analysis of hydrologic features of your web site. score kinds before ranking your wetland, use the boundary between eastern and Western Washington (pdf fifty nine kb) map to assess the geographic enviornment of your challenge. examine the applicable Washington State branch of Ecology’s (Ecology) Washington State Wetland ranking system in your region. Use the following kinds to fee wetlands for your look at area. Western Washington types: eastern Washington types: Classification methods We use two different classification strategies for wetland assessment. Use the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the USA (pdf 6.three mb), also known as Cowardin, to classify wetland vegetation. Use Hydrogeomorphic Wetland Classification equipment (pdf 3.2 mb) to classify landscape place and water stream in wetlands and doc wetland scores. capabilities assessment probably impacted wetlands require a features assessment. Use the Wetland services Characterization device for Linear projects (pdf ninety six kb) said because the highest quality expert Judgement (BPJ) tool, to operate a services assessment. A nationally or state identified fast practical assessment formulation isn’t attainable. WSDOT, along with regulatory and resource corporations and one tribe, developed BPJ to characterize wetland capabilities for WSDOT projects. This device evaluates and files functions of doubtless impacted wetlands for your assignment, including water satisfactory, hydrologic, organic, and social functions. Use Ecology’s credit/Debit formula for in-lieu payment mitigation proposals on projects with minimal wetlands. It calculates if a proposed wetland mitigation mission effectively replaces misplaced capabilities and values of impacted wetlands. applying the credit score/Debit formula to tasks with greater than a number of wetlands is difficult, so the BPJ device is preferable for most WSDOT tasks. function stream & tidal water evaluation all through the environmental review and allowing phase of a project, identify streams and tidal waters within a undertaking’s enviornment of knowledge impact. gather the following suggestions and doc it within the WSAR. typical excessive Water Mark (OHWM) delineation strategies For non-tidal streams and other waters, observe the Corp’s methodology for OHWM delineation in non-tidal areas based within the Corps regulatory information letter 05-05. additionally, use right here location particular supplies: follow our delicate areas naming conventions (pdf 126 kb) when picking out rivers and streams within the box and on plans and figures. excessive Tide Line (HTL) delineation For tidal water, evaluation the Corp’s digital let book ebook – Streams, Rivers, and Tidal Waters and accumulate HTL information including: background data – discover primary tidal tips equivalent to box observations – When possible, investigate where the listed elevations for HPT and MHHW turn up to your website. determine actual indications of the high tide line corresponding to strains of vegetation, first-class shell, particles, oil, or scum. photos – certainly show the actual indicators of HTL followed at your web page. prepare a motive describing the way you positioned the HTL and consist of it for your WSAR. if you would like aid delineating the HTL contact the liaison program at ESOPermittingliaisons@wsdot.wa.gov . observe our delicate areas naming conventions (pdf 126 kb) when picking the high tide line within the box and on plans and figures. consider wetland & circulate buffers native companies and many tribes require regulatory buffers for wetlands, streams, and different waters. assessment wetland and movement laws in local municipal codes or critical areas ordinances to verify regulatory buffer requirements in your assignment. See the Municipal analysis and services core website to look up metropolis or county codes. investigate for applicable buffer information for other aquatic substances reminiscent of lakes or tidal waters. apply the most conservative or widest relevant buffer, when given a variety of buffer widths to interpret. permitting businesses agree with transportation projects, including fish passage tasks, as high depth land use, foremost new construction, or other similar land use designations. They require application of the most defensive or widest buffers. notwithstanding native area permitting always exempts standalone fish passage initiatives, we still follow regulatory buffers. For information on fish passage exemptions from native agency allowing, see our native allows and approvals page. Some initiatives can also span a number of jurisdictions together with cities, counties, and tribal lands. apply buffer widths of the jurisdiction each and every wetland falls within. See our Buffers throughout roadways (pdf 227 kb) suggestions to learn more about wetland buffers adjoining to or extending across roadways. function ditch evaluation If a mission proposes impacts to ditches, the PEO requests that a biologist verify potentially impacted ditch sections for jurisdictional aspects. Ideally, ditch assessments occur throughout the wetland assessment field work. if you don’t recognize which ditch sections the task may have an effect on at the time of the wetland evaluation work, check ditches at a later time and put together a separate jurisdictional ditch memo. The PEO offers the biologist with plan sheets deciding on probably impacted ditch sections, commonly used stream instructions, and critical infrastructure reminiscent of culverts and stormwater aspects. We don’t make jurisdictional calls, however can suggest a jurisdictional decision. The Corps makes the remaining decision. See our US army Corps of Engineers jurisdiction over wetlands and different waters page for extra tips. identify and doc jurisdictional ditches Use the newest Rule defining Water of the U.S. (WOTUS) on the EPA web page to be aware which ditches are jurisdictional. only examine ditch sections that the challenge may have an effect on to make a jurisdictional advice(s). check ditches by means of jogging ditch strains up gradient from the closest downstream WOTUS. when you cannot bodily entry the enviornment, use heritage information such as topographic maps and the USGS StreamStats internet mapper. Use aerial photos to support determine the place the ditch flows and if it drains to a WOTUS. When attainable, overview as-constructed plan sheets and design tips from outdated projects to understand vicinity of drainage features and their meant characteristic. Use the our jurisdictional ditch recommendation field kind (doc 18 kb) right through field work to document ditch sections with proposed affects. Survey all ditch centerlines. consist of jurisdictional and non-jurisdictional ditch centerlines on plan sheets, together with circulation direction as proven in our MicroStation application drawing patterns (pdf 1.sixty five mb). You don’t should flag jurisdictional ditch elements unless they comprise wetlands or streams. doc: Ditches regulated as wetlands in the wetland element of the WSAR. Ditches regulated as tributaries in the flow component to the WSAR. Jurisdictional ditches in the ditch portion of the WSAR – in case you can determine ditch sections that the assignment can also influence on the time of the wetland and stream assessment field work. if you don’t know which ditch sections should be impacted, prepare a jurisdictional ditch memo when the suggestions turns into accessible and field work is complete. Ditches exempted kind Corps jurisdiction – on the box information kind. reserve it within the assignment file as inner documentation displaying you evaluated the ditch and advised as a ditch exempt from Corps jurisdiction. Coordinate with survey & design Following field work, coordinate with your location’s survey crew. deliver them a sketch map of all recognized facets. Coordinate along with your PEO to increase and finalize plan sheets displaying all identified waters and their buffers. For tasks with tidal water delineations, encompass HTL and MHW strains on the plan sheets. put together a Wetland & movement assessment document Use the Wetland and circulate evaluation record (doc 118 kb) template and assessment these report examples to doc your wetland and circulate assessment: Our WSARs comply with the Corps components of an entire Wetland Delineation file (pdf 1.5 mb) assistance. reports are valid for five years from the date of the field work. If the undertaking is delayed, evaluate container work and replace. tags: monthly project status report template word, project status report sample word, project status report template in word, project status report template word free, weekly project status report template word

Scenes at the TB Lettsome International Airport on Day 2 of the reopening of local borders to visitors. (Photos by Kamal Haynes/BVI News) By Kamal Haynes, BVI News Staff Following the reopening of the territory’s borders to tourism on Monday, the scenes at the Terrance B Lettsome International Airport have been described as “very busy” with hundreds of arrivals spread across more than 25 booked flights scheduled for the first two days. BVI News was reliably informed that approximately 150 passengers entered the territory on the opening day, with more than 100 of that number being tourists. Our news station was on the grounds of the Beef Island-based facility on Tuesday, when the first scheduled flight for the day from InterCaribbean Airways landed just before midday with a total of nine passengers. Passengers were observed exiting the arrival lounge about 20 to 30 minutes after the flight had landed, and were paired with the person(s) – whether family or friend – with whom they had travelled. After filling out the necessary documentation, the passengers were observed having their temperature checked, and were sanitised by airport security staff, before being directed to another section to be briefed and accessorised with the mandatory GPS tracking technology. The tracking bands were placed on the wrist of each passenger. Afterwards, they made their way to an assigned taxi operator who was parked nearby. 16 flights scheduled for today BVI News spoke to one of the taxi operators Ras Ajacobiah, who described reopening on Monday, December 1 as ‘eventful’ with the volume of traffic exiting the airport. He said more of the same is expected today, with at least 16 flights scheduled. “I heard my president say we have about 16 flights today, I don’t know if he has a head count but 16 flights mean that we will be running our wheels off,” Ajacobiah stated. “We have a preliminary chart with flights coming in but even yesterday people that were not scheduled on our list as to arrive, they were getting confirmed by government and taking flights so there was an excess of people that we didn’t have on list. So that made the situation a little bit more hectic in a positive light,” the taximan further told our news centre. Very busy Monday Ajacobiah also said he was greatly surprised by the volume of persons entering the territory on the opening day, as it was not what he anticipated. “Yesterday was expected to be a passive day as far as transporting the guests back and forth. But from the first jump, I was the first one here and I moved the first passengers that came in around 10 am in the morning and honestly, I didn’t get a break yesterday. As you go, you meet your destination and you come right back and we just had to load up again and keep going,” Ajacobiah told BVI news. He added: “We were expecting the flights to be a little stagnant but they were coming so rapidly and we had about eight drivers and we were just rotating the lines. I think we should have had about nine flights yesterday, if I remember correctly. But there were more. Some of the airlines brought more than one leg of the flight.” Concerns do exist The taxi operator also expressed that he has some concerns as it relates to the COVID-19 virus but assured that he is taking all the necessary measures to ensure that he is properly protected while executing his duties. “There is a major concern because we take very precautious care not to handle the bags hands-on. We use our gloves and our masks and so on and we sanitise before and after and we wipe down and disinfect as well. All the vehicles that we use, we have a partition between driver and passenger which is plastic and well secured, just in case if the people are sneezing and coughing, it doesn’t hit us directly,” he explained. The BVI reopened its borders to tourism after being closed for approximately eight months due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This traveller has been accessorised with GPS bracelet upon arrival at the TB Lettsome International Airport on Beef Island. (Photo by Kamal Haynes) Scenes at the TB Lettsome International Airport on Day 2 of the reopening of local borders to visitors. (Photos by Kamal Haynes/BVI News) This traveller has been accessorised with GPS bracelet upon arrival at the TB Lettsome International Airport on Beef Island. (Photo by Kamal Haynes) Scenes at the TB Lettsome International Airport on Day 2 of the reopening of local borders to visitors. (Photos by Kamal Haynes/BVI News) Scenes at the TB Lettsome International Airport on Day 2 of the reopening of local borders to visitors. (Photos by Kamal Haynes/BVI News) Scenes at the TB Lettsome International Airport on Day 2 of the reopening of local borders to visitors. (Photos by Kamal Haynes/BVI News) Travellers being accessorised with a GPS bracelet upon arrival at the TB Lettsome International Airport on Beef Island. (Photo by Kamal Haynes) Scenes at the TB Lettsome International Airport on Day 2 of the reopening of local borders to visitors. (Photos by Kamal Haynes/BVI News) Airline lands with residents and visitors on Tuesday December 2, 2020. Share this: Facebook Copyright 2021 BVI News, Media Expressions Limited. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or distributed. Drakes_650x200 40 Comments Disclaimer: BVI News and its affiliated companies are not responsible for the content of comments posted or for anything arising out of use of the comments below or other interaction among the users. Spirit says: December 2, 2020 at 4:03 PM I would imagine there was significantly more load for the taxi drivers due to the need to shuttle every passenger to Sea Cows Bay for their initial COVID-19 testing. Once the testing can be done at the airport, that should reduce the number of taxi trips needed. 9 Reply Gusti says: December 2, 2020 at 4:16 PM God bless my bvi ❤️❤️ 9 2 Reply Yup says: December 2, 2020 at 4:34 PM Yup I see lots of social distancing between everyone. Just like everything else, the BVI once again has no clue. Staff members in the faces of visitors. Visitors standing next to each other in line. All just a farce. Just open and stop the nonsense. 23 7 Reply @ Yup says: December 3, 2020 at 6:48 AM This is from an employer overseas who commented after the CDC decreased the quarantine period from 14 to 7-10 days: We’ve had a good number of employees we’ve tested on Day 7 after an exposure result negative, but we still kept them out until they met their 14 days, and they ended up developing symptoms between Days 11-13 and then testing positive.” 1 Reply @Yup says: December 3, 2020 at 10:14 AM Just hush. You are one of the ones who have been spouting through your arse that nobody is coming. You are one that wishes to see the BVI, out pure hatred, fall, wither and die. You have the mentality, nut thank god you and those like you don’t have the political and military might and power of Stalin, Hitler,King Leopold and others monsters of the past. Sad, what hate does to the mind. 4 3 Reply Maxwell says: December 2, 2020 at 4:44 PM According to the nay saying ” no tourists are coming” yet we are now reading that tourists are in fact arriving via the TBL Intl Airport. More will come once the sea borders are open next week. Something is better than nothing. 20 2 Reply doh says: December 2, 2020 at 6:15 PM 150 inbound. So, 50 citizens. The 100 might have also included residents and work permit holders. Safe to say maybe 50-75 tourists? It’s a start. We’ll see them on the street in 6 days. 9 3 Reply Welcome says: December 2, 2020 at 4:46 PM Welcome! Let’s just all follow the protocols and we can beat this. BVI Nice! Thanks for coming! 11 4 Reply VG traveler says: December 2, 2020 at 5:00 PM How are the people getting over to Virgin Gorda? No mention of the ferry service and taxi driver taking people to their rentals on Virgin Gorda. 5 Reply Tourist says: December 2, 2020 at 7:19 PM The people arriving are not tourists. They are residents, Villa owners and yacht owners. These people have property in the BVI are were anxious to see the conditions of their property. There are no Villa rentals. Wake up and stop the fake news. Nobody is renting a Villa for a week and have to quarantine 6 days. The biggest issue is that the BVI is using the cheapest Covid test with the most false positives. If you visit and you are false positive you are in for a nightmare vacation. Everyone enjoy!! 18 8 Reply @Tourist says: December 2, 2020 at 8:15 PM Are you really a tourist or are you from East End? Or maybe you are just living at Beef Island and thinking that you crossing the little bridge to come over on Tortola makes you a tourist. Stop this nonsense bout tourist. Which tourist speak your language? 6 5 Reply WTF says: December 2, 2020 at 5:01 PM A whole 100 tourists per day, wow! That makes almost 35,000 per year. That is so close to our 1.1M in 2016. I’m sure this will keep our tourism infrastructure alive and fed. 13 8 Reply Rubber Duck says: December 2, 2020 at 6:03 PM I count 7 different tourists in those shots. If so many tourists why the need for 3 shots of the same couple. I head from a different source that there were 15 tourist arrivals and the rest were locals. 14 6 Reply @Rubber Duck says: December 2, 2020 at 8:12 PM You could not have given yourself a better name. You are indeed rubber duck. Talking nonsense bout you’ve heard from a different source. Who is this different source, Plastic Duck?You all are just ashamed that with all the bashing you’ve made about no tourist would be coming once the borders open, to now seeing them flying into the territory in their numbers backfired on ya’ll negative a**. 13 8 Reply Yup says: December 2, 2020 at 11:11 PM Rubber duck is right. Any self respecting journalist and photographer would’ve used different shots of people to show more than one group. That would’ve reinforced the story about dozens coming. 10 3 Reply Captain says: December 2, 2020 at 7:26 PM So a typical half full ferry of visitors arrived at Beef Island in 2 full days. Wow but not impressive. 8 Reply We're coming! says: December 2, 2020 at 7:50 PM I’m so glad you’ve re-opened. We can’t wait to be back in your lovely country. What better place to quarantine? Stay strong! 14 4 Reply Anonymous says: December 2, 2020 at 7:54 PM Lol watch the haters try to put a negative spin on things. Anybody with sense or any knowledge of tourist industry know that the BVI is one of the premiere tourist destinations. People with sense know that there will be restrictions due to Covid everywhere in the World so they will adjust to the times. 17 7 Reply Could Have Been says: December 3, 2020 at 12:01 AM There are so many stories about how visitors to the “premiere tourist destination” have been treated. A recent example is the sailing couple that visited for 25 years and invested millions in the BVI economy, only to be treated so poorly that they abandoned their BVI investments and have been sharing details of their experience with sailors worldwide. I heard a rumor that a book may be forthcoming in the near future. Other recent experiences have been detailed in sailingscuttlebutt.com, possibly the most trusted source of sailing news. The word is likely out on the BVI, and folks are heading to other areas (examples include the Mediterranean, Seychelles, Tahiti, Thailand) for their sailing holidays. 12 6 Reply Anonymous says: December 3, 2020 at 2:03 PM Lol you big mad and salty. Everywhere in the world you travel to you can find someone who was unsatisfied with their treatment. Some places tourist get robbed and killed and they still go that’s just the way it is. 3 Reply Stupid says: December 2, 2020 at 8:48 PM How dumb can you be? No tourists. The economy is done. These islands will be used for trash deposits for the rest of the Caribbean. The government wants the BVIs to burn. It’s over. So long! 10 16 Reply Airport employee says: December 2, 2020 at 8:49 PM I was at the airport all day the past two days. Very few tourists. All belongers. 14 6 Reply Idiot says: December 2, 2020 at 9:37 PM Why come on here and lie? I know charter boat company all say they have guest. So not is all belongers 5 8 Reply GPS??!!??? says: December 2, 2020 at 8:51 PM You have got to be kidding me!! They put a gps bracelet on tourists?!?! How dumb and crazy can this government be? 10 9 Reply Lol says: December 2, 2020 at 11:07 PM That’s what totalitarian governments do. 5 1 Reply Your the dummy says: December 3, 2020 at 9:11 AM This being down elsewhere. What’s your option? Just get from here with your negative. 3 1 Reply Hahahahaha says: December 2, 2020 at 8:53 PM This is hilarious! It’s either a scam or a joke! They think this BS really matters? How about our economy? It’s crashing and the visitors are being treated like criminals. This has to be a bad dream. No way our country would allow this to happen! 7 5 Reply The Truth says: December 2, 2020 at 9:12 PM NDP paid bloggers lose again. So sad. 3 7 Reply Lodger says: December 2, 2020 at 9:20 PM Bracelets dont work. Stopped issuing them. 8 2 Reply Hmmm says: December 2, 2020 at 10:06 PM Some of the comments are just disgusti8⁸ng and it is clear many wish for this country to fail. Despite the pandemic If we all do our part this country will succeed 9 4 Reply Can’t wait says: December 2, 2020 at 11:15 PM I heard BVI is for sale. Going to be sold off to investors who want to open resorts and then sell off the whole lot to the USVI. Annexation is next. 4 3 Reply Bad says: December 2, 2020 at 10:15 PM So no tests done in airport? 8 Reply Concern citizen says: December 2, 2020 at 10:46 PM Thank you God for your Protection and Blessings, please continue to cover us with your blood, and may we all be here to welcome the new year 2021. To God be the Glory?Amen? 5 1 Reply Heckler says: December 2, 2020 at 10:56 PM Just be prepared for a Christmas under lockdown 2 2 Reply SMI says: December 3, 2020 at 8:04 AM Tourist in the blog: Why don’t you just shut up, “How the h**l you know who is coming to the BVI? People like you are just haters and want everything bad for the BVI. 2 1 Reply MK says: December 3, 2020 at 8:13 AM Hahahahaha You so down on the BVI why don’t you go back to your country where you have your big house and stop calling the BVI where you live If you don’t like it get out you jerk. 2 1 Reply Ausar says: December 3, 2020 at 10:44 AM Great news and great views! This is exactly what we, in the private sector, need to see: TOURISTS,TOURISTS, and even more tourists! YYAAAYYYY!!! Reply @Ausar says: December 3, 2020 at 1:26 PM Don’t fall for the hype!! They have bungled this entire thing and will probably lock down the Territory before year-end because of incompetence. The devices are WAY OUTDATED and not what was promised initially and rules keep changing as they go along. 2 Reply @Ausar says: December 3, 2020 at 11:28 AM Agree with the sentiment. It is a sweet thing in the mouth to see economic activity returning. However, the territory must now brace itself for the souring that will be coming out of the a**e for sure. Without being afraid to speak truth, there are those who wake up everyday with the sole purpose of causing crime, from hateful and racist dogma on social media to more, against Black humanity. The territory has done a great job at keeping its population safe, but it is safe to say now those days are numbered. It will attacked by air and sea by Black and white intentionals alike. Reply PENAD says: December 4, 2020 at 5:38 PM WAS SCHEDULED TO COME TO THE BVI (A BELONGER) BUT WAS TOLD MY HOUSE HAS TO BE INSPECTED BEFORE WE ARE ABLE TO OCCUPIED IT – INSPECTED FOR WHAT? 1 Reply Leave a Comment Click here to cancel reply. Name (required) Δ Course-Ad Course-Ad2 Site Index Home Columns Contact Us International News Links Contact Us bvinews@gmail.com (news and bulletins only) 284-346-3992 julia@bvinews.com 284-346-3992 (advertising only) bvinewsads@gmail.com (corporate only) P.O. Box 4494, Road Town, Tortola VG1110, British Virgin Islands Follow Us Follow us on facebook and/or subscribe to our RSS Feed Facebook RSS Feed Legal Info Copyright © 2006 - 2021 - BVI News, Graphic Design (BV) Limited. P.O. Box 4494, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands All rights reserved. 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An audit of the government’s COVID-19 stimulus programme for farmers and fisherfolk has found that the Premier’s Office violated procedure and inflated its payments to recipients — a large number of whom were unlicensed and unregistered. The report from the audit conducted by the Office of the Auditor General (AG) was examined during a hearing of the Commission of Inquiry (COI) on Monday when AG Sonia Webster appeared to give evidence. Looking firstly at the part of the report that dealt with stimulus grants to farmers, it was found that almost half of the persons on the Cabinet’s list of commercial farmers were not registered in the Agriculture Department’s database of registered farmers. Explaining why this was a concern, Webster told the COI: “The qualification for the grant was that you either had to be registered with Agriculture or present an affidavit indicating that you were indeed a farmer for the past three years. There is entirely the possibility that there are hundreds of affidavits that were received by the Premier’s Office indicating that these persons were indeed farmers. But, at the end of the day, the Agriculture Department did not know who they were. These, I should add, are supposed to be commercial farmers … not people who simply have a garden in their backyard.” The Auditor General’s Office was unable to verify whether the Premier’s Office received any affidavits because she encountered “deliberate attempts” at blocking her from accessing government files needed to carry out her audit. During the course of the audit, the AG’s Office conducted investigations to identify whether recipients were legitimately entitled to the stimulus grants. And with the help of the Agriculture Department — which was not involved in issuing the stimulus grants — the AG’s Office conducted site inspections of the farms of recipients. The AG Office’s selected 22 farms for site visits. However, 11 of those farms could not be located by the Agriculture Department. And of the remaining 11 farms, seven were located on government properties in Parquita Bay while four were on private land. The AG said two of the farms on private land showed activities that did not meet the scale of operations criteria for commercial farming. Inflated payments by Premier’s Office She further found that the amounts requested by farmers were inflated by Premier’s Office prior to payment. This, she said, resulted in payments that were substantially greater than the amounts requested. Substantiating that claim, the AG’s report said her office audited a sample for requests made by 70 farmers. The requests in that sample totalled $351,730 but the amount actually paid to those 70 farmers totalled more than $1,000,000 — almost three times the value of the requests. Giving an example, one applicant requested a roll of barbed wire for $50.99 and received $7,828. The person also asked $371 to build a fence and received $5,671. The AG concluded that the payments made to farmers don’t appear to be driven by need but largely by simply disbursing large sums of money despite what the farmers requested. Grants to fishers The audit found that the circumstances under which local fisherfolk received grants were similarly questionable. BVI fishing laws only permit commercial fishing and mandate that only licensed BVIslanders and Belongers can fish in the territory’s waters. Persons who fish local waters without a license are liable to strict penalties. Against this backdrop, the Auditor General found that more than half of the total fishers that received grants were not registered in the government’s Conservation & Fisheries Database. In fact, the Premier’s Office reportedly paid more money to unlicensed fishers than licensed ones. The audit found that $983,000+ went to licensed persons whereas $1,235,00, went to unlicensed persons. Fishers using same boat all granted $$ for ‘engine’ The audit further found that multiple members of the same fishing vessel received grants and no distinction was made between the owner of the vessel and the crew. The AG said that, in some cases, boat owners and the crew members made claims for the same vessel and each received payments. In one instance, the AG said three persons — a vessel owner and two crew members — applied separately for engines and material and all three were awarded grants. She said no vetting was done to assess the legitimacy of requests. The report of the audit concluded that the Premier’s Office’s failure to adopt Cabinet procedures to implement and monitor the stimulus programme has resulted in the disbursement of a substantial amount of public funds with ineffective means of assessing how these payments applied. Gratuitous payouts The report also raised concern that the Premier’s Office was the only ministry involved in the agriculture/fisheries stimulus disbursements. “The exclusion of the two key agencies — the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries & Department of Agriculture and Fisheries — from this process demonstrates an absence of interest of achieving any real outcome for payment which, for some, served as needed assistance to advance their commercial fishing and agricultural undertakings. But, for many, were simply gratuitous merit awards at the expense at the public. Just last month — before the publicising of the Auditor General’s report on the stimulus programme — Premier Andrew Fahie said his government “can say beyond the shadow of a doubt that we have acted with integrity to help the people with all the grants and none of the money has hit anywhere around us.” Internal Audit: Govt’s SME COVID grant initiative failed expectations Follow BVI New’s coverage of the 2021 Commission of Inquiry on Instagram @BVINewsOnline #TrackingTransparency at www.bvinews.com. Share this: Facebook Copyright 2021 BVI News, Media Expressions Limited. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or distributed. Drakes_650x200 47 Comments Disclaimer: BVI News and its affiliated companies are not responsible for the content of comments posted or for anything arising out of use of the comments below or other interaction among the users. heckler says: June 29, 2021 at 1:16 PM Oh my god! 46 Reply Tola says: July 9, 2021 at 9:47 AM Talking about mismanagement of Public Funds…. Now that’s what’s called MISMANAGEMENT. And he up and down talking Pisssss 3 Reply BVI Future says: June 29, 2021 at 1:24 PM Who still believes this COI investigation is about racism or the UK taking over? BV Islanders, it has to do with the rampant corruption in the BVI. As simple as that. 80 4 Reply @ BVI Future says: June 29, 2021 at 2:25 PM Them who benefit and getting all the porridge definitely feel upset about the process. Them a**e need locking up 33 Reply Care the says: June 29, 2021 at 2:51 PM THEY TALKING RUBISH MAYBE THEY PALMS WERE BEING GREASED TOO ANY BLIND MAN COULD SEE THIS HEIGHT OF CORRUPTION I DID NOT NOT GET NO STIMULOUS FROM NO WAY .IM STILL STRUGGLING BUT GOD NOT SLEEPING .ALL THAT WAS DONE IN DARK COMING TO LIGHT. GO COI . 28 Reply @bvi future says: June 29, 2021 at 4:23 PM Theses people dont understand nothing no wonder the Government legislators did them so much things. Lordy. Its shameful to believe the Government is not co rupt. They steal they lie they robb the suffer clivil servants.. its shows all the money they claim the Government never had could of pay worker increments and back pay. Its use to make them selves richer. The saying 99 days for the theif only one day for the watchman. This is some serious stuff. The coi is not here to salve no one. Our fore fathers worked hard for us to have freedom and i know they are rolling in their graves cause each Government stole and keep stealing. Lord forgive us all. 17 Reply jimmy jowe says: July 5, 2021 at 3:15 PM All I can think as this COI develops is: “We have had only “A**-Clowns” running this place.” Reply @ D 3 STOOGES says: June 29, 2021 at 1:41 PM HERE IS SOMETHING CONSTRUCTIVE TO AIR YOUR MOUTHS ON FOR ONCE INSTEAD OF PROMOTING / RACISM / LETS HEAR YOU ALL CANARIES SING ON WHATS GOING ON THE COUNTRY , LIKE UP BALO / THE BARGES DRUGS / THE PERSONAL VENDETTA AGAINST VANTERPOOL AND ALL THE TAX PAYERS $$$$ THAT WAS THROWN AWAY BECAUSE IT DIDN’T COME OUT OF THEIR POCKETS . YOU ALL SHOULD BE MADE TO PAY IT BACK 25 1 Reply jerry says: June 29, 2021 at 1:48 PM I believe the Auditor General’s evidence is enough to call for the Pre..r’s resignation. 62 2 Reply Facts says: June 29, 2021 at 2:55 PM The house needs to be dissolved now 31 2 Reply @Facts says: June 29, 2021 at 4:01 PM if it dissolve who we going call Honourable Speaker? 1 6 Reply Simple says: June 29, 2021 at 8:11 PM We shall call each other Honourable 6 Reply @simple says: June 30, 2021 at 9:58 AM that response was biblical lol, love it! Foy says: June 29, 2021 at 1:49 PM Foy your opportunity to leave the Territory and hide is slowly closing. P****n is quickly becoming a reality. Do not think puffing your chest and beating on it will gain you any support. The writing on the wall is clear. Only an i****ile would think otherwise. 27 1 Reply ohhhhhhhh says: June 29, 2021 at 2:08 PM Now let me see how this will be dealt with. lock their a**es up, all of them both spenders and payers. I If this careless act from BVI Government doesn’t show where the people are led, I don’t know what will, this government is a sad disgrace to the BVI soil. 20 Reply Not surprise says: June 29, 2021 at 2:09 PM Well… Expected from this ‘unconventional government’ … A set of bigoted, nepotistic and outright trifling individuals. This is what makes us worse than our enemies… We expect a snake to be a snake but not our own.. Therefore we are our own worst enemy… Its time. Can’t have our own doing this to us. 23 Reply Ta Ta says: June 29, 2021 at 2:25 PM All this is what Gus was seeing. Give a dog a long rope and he will hang himself. 29 Reply The light is shining says: June 29, 2021 at 10:31 PM Exaty, that’s why they hated Gus so much. He cared more about us than they ever will. Bunch of jokers.. 8 Reply J says: July 10, 2021 at 1:10 PM Several governors have been seeing this over the years. The previous governor saw the need with the previous government as well. This is just icing on the cake. Reply 2 Words says: June 29, 2021 at 2:30 PM Vote Buying! 17 Reply Hello says: June 29, 2021 at 2:32 PM COI – we need the report concerning our SOCIAL SECURITY monies tooooooooo … Look SHITE in the BWeeeeI 26 Reply Deh Watcha says: July 4, 2021 at 12:15 AM Social Security has a lot to answer to in this whole thing. They need to come to the people and explain this whole ‘qualifying’ scale that they used. Reply lol says: June 29, 2021 at 2:40 PM anywhere else this would have caused the resignation of the premier, it is the only decent thing to do. Dare he come on spouting religion again. Shameful 29 1 Reply SMH says: June 29, 2021 at 2:40 PM I smell a Dissolution of Council. There is no way the Territory can move forward with this Level of Corruption. This is disgraceful and mind boggling. Lord, be Our Guide. 28 Reply Big AL says: June 29, 2021 at 2:52 PM Only those who are getting their palms darbed thinks that the COI is about racism or the UK taking over. They should be ashamed of themselves. 25 2 Reply :) says: June 29, 2021 at 4:10 PM D**n Premier ayo make me shame! I hope is fool ayo get fool because this ain’t looking good. 15 1 Reply Tell the Politicians pay our treasury back says: June 29, 2021 at 4:21 PM When it comes to xpats, they do all their due deligence, check trade dept, check NHI, check Social Security to make sure these things are up to date…So the know the procedure…This is a crime. An African parliamentarian got 18 month in Proson on Monday for far less than whats going on here…. 11 1 Reply Seeing things clearly says: June 29, 2021 at 4:24 PM Theses people dont understand nothing no wonder the Government legislators did them so much things. Lordy. Its shameful to believe the Government is not co rupt. They steal they lie they robb the suffer clivil servants.. its shows all the money they claim the Government never had could of pay worker increments and back pay. Its use to make them selves richer. The saying 99 days for the theif only one day for the watchman. This is some serious stuff. The coi is not here to salve no one. Our fore fathers worked hard for us to have freedom and i know they are rolling in their graves cause each Government stole and keep stealing. Lord forgive us all. Pay the port staff their money. Shameful men. Shameful. 6 Reply Gangster says: June 29, 2021 at 4:36 PM The Premier is a Gangster!!! 17 Reply @Gangster says: June 29, 2021 at 5:15 PM Gangster is joke…. 4 Reply Election says: June 29, 2021 at 4:50 PM We need a election now, shut down everything until we vote out these clowns! Rather a yard chicken be Premíer than Andy right now. 17 4 Reply Dishonourable says: June 29, 2021 at 5:12 PM Reverse Robinhood. A phrase he loved to use in the House. 6 Reply BVI Future says: June 29, 2021 at 5:30 PM @ Hello. Social Security pension is long gone. I am sorry for those people who are close to retirement. There is no money there. From all these articles, the BVI does not have money in reserve for an emergency. The Country was robbed blinded- no decent public schools, open sewerage, opened burn garbage, over budget in double digit in millions of dollars for a hospital (yet locals travel to USVI or Puerto Rico for medical care), lawsuits for the airport expansion, $5 million to Silk Law to defend the ministers, covid-19, Hurricane Irma, COI, negative tourism, and the list goes on. 18 Reply OMG says: June 29, 2021 at 6:09 PM Lock them up! 11 Reply X X X X X says: June 29, 2021 at 6:26 PM A VOTE OF NO CONFIDENCE FOR THE ( H o A ) WE THE VOTERS CALL FOR IT NOW. 20 Reply Outsider belonger says: June 29, 2021 at 11:15 PM Majority of the politicians, civil service managers and contractors operated with such malace and careless disregard for so long that it became the norm. In reality or maybe in defense of their stupidity, I beleive it started out innocently as common practice of genuine care for the people when the country was under developed with a very small econony and population. The country’s population and econony grew exponentially, and the policitical officials instead of implementing controls and moving business practices into the 21st century, used this as an opportunity to benefit themselves and a small circle of family and friends. At some point you have to pay the piper! Folks just got selfish and greedy and created a society of haves and have nots. 3 Reply J. Smith says: June 30, 2021 at 12:50 AM I’m going to give back the $26,000 I received. I honestly wasn’t a fisherman. Will be returning what I received to the government. Feeling so ashame. Please give the cash I’m returning to the people who really need it. Others please do the same for the betterment of our country. Mr Fahie although I voted for you. Please step down immediately. Thanks. 2 Reply @j. Smith says: June 30, 2021 at 8:56 AM You better off taking that money and finding people in need yourself. You can help 26 families with $1000 each. As a single mother I know that would help a lot. Only God knows what Govt would do with the money if they got it back. 2 Reply @fake J.Smith says: July 9, 2021 at 8:29 PM You are sick and malicious. You are lying because how can you get considered if you didn’t apply. Logically all of what you wrote is fabricated down to your user name. Reply yes Sonia! says: June 30, 2021 at 1:17 AM Thanks for your honesty Sonia Webster.. please run for election …. 2 Reply Ha says: June 30, 2021 at 6:48 AM Look bad mind mehson. If three fishermen request money a engine maybe they want to captain their own boat not to mention one boat uses more than one engine when one gives out what will you do. You all don’t think of this you rush along crying and fail to realize when this initiative came about we were at the start of COVID. Back then you all were stocking up on toilet paper!! Meanwhile our representatives are thinking what if other nations begin hoarding food. (Only then when persons start starving or not able to afford imported food will the regular folk will call for support our food production without care of how large the operation) Not to mention many other nations had various stimulus initiatives. Over inflated she says but fact is we didn’t know how long Covid would last that was fact. What did you want them to do give the farmers & fishermen one thousand dollars and call it a day???? This woman is a VIP hater you can frame it how you want when you revisit the events of last year the facts become clear. That would have been utter B-S and you people would say look how corrupt they are for being cheap with the government money. Next do you all realize a large portion government’s revenue comes from financial services thus it is an influx of foreign money? Social security has money from foreigners that work and leave early. If all this money is the public own let me know where I can withdraw my share when I move or next time they look to buy a plane please and thank you. 1 8 Reply Highway Robbery says: July 1, 2021 at 10:47 AM The last time I checked, persons can apply to anyone of the banks for a loan. Why must the government buy them engines? Reply rastarite says: June 30, 2021 at 8:05 AM Resign!!! No confidence, no confidence! The premier and the government OUT NOW!!! 3 Reply Westman says: June 30, 2021 at 12:17 PM best show on youtube 2 Reply BuzzBvi says: June 30, 2021 at 5:02 PM You’re all wrong the UN says VI should be independent. Oh s**t!! Reply Pirates says: July 1, 2021 at 4:59 AM Lets hope our laws treat this conduct as a crime and they can be punished with fines and jail Reply BVI Civil servant says: July 9, 2021 at 6:56 AM I not voting again, I’m discouraged from the dishonesty, worthlessness and corruption from these parties. Let England have them place, I’ll take my chances there! 1 Reply Leave a Comment Click here to cancel reply. Name (required) Δ Course-Ad Course-Ad2 Site Index Home Columns Contact Us International News Links Contact Us bvinews@gmail.com (news and bulletins only) 284-346-3992 julia@bvinews.com 284-346-3992 (advertising only) bvinewsads@gmail.com (corporate only) P.O. Box 4494, Road Town, Tortola VG1110, British Virgin Islands Follow Us Follow us on facebook and/or subscribe to our RSS Feed Facebook RSS Feed Legal Info Copyright © 2006 - 2021 - BVI News, Graphic Design (BV) Limited. P.O. Box 4494, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands All rights reserved. BVINews.com and the editorial content, graphics, and products of the BVINews.com website, unless otherwise noted, are the products of BVINews.com, Graphic Design (BV) Limited.The information presented on BVINews.com is copyrighted as collective work. 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All-inclusive collections include at least 8 hours of coverage with two photographers, an engagement session, the edited high resolution images, and an online viewing and ordering gallery. We also love mid-week intimate weddings and elopements! Special pricing is available for Monday through Thursday elopements and courthouse weddings. Additional services (including our photo booth!) can be added to any collection and all packages can be customized to fit your needs. For a full pricing guide, please contact me directly. Please note: Brea is fully booked for 2021. My associate shooter Jim still has limited availability so don’t hesitate to reach out if you are looking for a photographer for this year! Wedding FAQ Why do you photograph weddings? Because they’re important. Because people are important. Weddings aren’t about linens and flowers and pretty details. They’re about two families becoming one. This is one of the most beautiful and emotional days of your life. Never again in your life will you have this many people from both sides of the family in one place at one time. That’s what matters. Being included on such an important day and capturing those little beautiful moments between you and your loved ones is what I love most. This is what makes this job so amazing. What is your style? I am a photojournalist at heart. I want to capture everything as it happens and put my mark on the day as little as possible. The less your photographer interferes, the more present you are – and that’s what I want. For you to be emotionally engaged and present. It’s such an important day, and it goes by so fast. You deserve to experience it as fully as possible. When you do that, I can capture the beautiful moments. If you are having the time of your life, your photos will be amazing! During family formals, I take charge and get through them as efficiently and quickly as possible while making sure we get the best images of everyone involved. For couples’ portraits, I’ll work with you to get beautiful portraits both traditional and creative that capture your true personalities. The rest of the time, I’m like a ninja, navigating the space with care, and capturing all of the little moments. To be able to do my job as best as possible requires trust. I don’t want you to worry about a thing when you choose me to be your photographer. This is why I include an engagement session with all of my collections and insist on meeting in person whenever possible before booking. I want to get to know you, and I want you to get to know me. The more comfortable we are with each other, the better things will be. I also just really love what I do and the people I get to work with and many of my former couples have become true, lifelong friends :) Do you offer collections with a second photographer? Absolutely! I am fortunate enough to have a couple of consistent second shooters who work with me and complement my work perfectly. My second shooters all have a strong photojournalistic style and having two of us there allows us to get more complete coverage of the day, because we can focus our energies in different places. While I focus on the two of you during the first dance, they can focus on your parents’ reactions. When I’m getting ready for the bride and bridesmaids to come down the aisle, they hang back with the bride and whoever is going to walk her down the aisle to capture any sweet moments before she’s given away. I can also rely on my second shooter to capture the “safe” shots while I get the more creative angles. We make an awesome team! All of our all-inclusive wedding collections include two photographers, but if you’re working on a budget and would prefer a la carte coverage, you can opt for one photographer. Whether you book one photographer or two, we will have a non-shooting assistant with us to help us with managing the timeline, lighting, etc. so we can focus on capturing the moments. Either way, we’ll have a great team with us! Why is an engagement session important? There are so many reasons that an engagement session is important, but the biggest one for me is that we get to hang out for a few hours and get to know each other better. The more comfortable we are together, the more you’ll be able to open up in front of the camera on the wedding day. I’ll be able to capture you as you truly are and get those genuine real moments. I find that I’m creatively at my best when I’m emotionally invested in my couples – which is why most of my wedding collections include an engagement session. I want to be like an old friend by the time the wedding comes around, so I can capture you in a way that only someone who knows and cares about you can. The engagement session is also a dry run so you guys can get comfortable being photographed and being posed. Having romantic portraits taken is a very strange thing for most couples – and getting that practice in is a huge help for feeling more comfortable on the wedding day and being able to make the best use of the short time we have for photos of just the two of you. What’s your turnaround time? My turnaround time is very quick. For weddings, you’ll get a blog post the following week with about 50-100 images, and the full gallery within 2-4 weeks of the wedding. Portrait session galleries are typically delivered within 2 weeks of the session. Do you photograph same-sex weddings? Love is love is love is love is love. If you’re in love, I will happily photograph your wedding. Do you have backup gear? Absolutely. I firmly believe in having backup gear. You never know what will happen and it could always happen at the wrong moment, which is why I always bring two professional camera bodies ready to go to each and every wedding as well as multiple lenses. My main camera records to two cards at once so there’s also a backup on the spot of each image. Do you also offer wedding albums? Yes! Having a tangible keepsake from your wedding day is the best way to preserve those memories for future generations and decades to come. My parents’ wedding album is even more valuable to me than it is to them, and that value will only go up with time. On their wedding day, the only other person present was my Uncle Tom. He has since passed away, and those photos mean more to me now than I could ever express. The way it captures not only everyone’s excitement and happiness, but also the relationship that the three of them had is irreplaceable. As the documentarian for your wedding day, I’d love to provide you with your first family heirloom. The wedding album is the best way to preserve those memories for the ones who care about you most. Technology is constantly changing, but a book will always have its place. Do you travel? 100% yes! I have tons of couples that aren’t local to Maryland, and I travel all over to serve them! I’ve photographed in Maryland, DC, Virginia, Pennsylvania, New York, North Dakota, Massachusetts, Vermont, North Carolina, Mexico and Jamaica. I travel not just for weddings but also for portrait sessions. Whatever you’re dreaming of – let’s chat about it! Do you offer a photo booth? Yes, we do! It is a fun and hilarious add-on option to our wedding collections! We have an open-air booth that provides awesome high quality photos of all of your guests’ crazy shenanigans. Our wedding day assistant turns into a photo booth attendant once the reception starts to keep things running smoothly! Click here to learn all about it! Do you do boudoir sessions? I do! Though to respect the privacy of the beautiful women who have trusted me to photograph them, I do not have a public gallery link. If you are interested in learning more about my boudoir photography, I will be happy to send you a private gallery. Do you offer family photography? I do! My unique approach to weddings ended up sparking a deeper calling… to be able to give you tangible proof of the love in your life. Weddings give a ton of opportunity to do just that, but I realized it didn’t have to stop there. I specialize in family documentary photography and I want to be your photographer for life! It’s so incredibly rewarding to build a relationship with you and be able to capture all seasons of your life. You can see more and read more about my family work on my separate website, Life by Brea. Check out our wedding and engagement portfolios, reviews from real couples, or full weddings recapped on the blog. Ready to make some moves? Contact us now!

Posted byAlong the Way: life begins at home yet our door is forever open to adventure, new places and new people. Welcome to our travels around the world. July 9, 2013 Posted inFrance Cathedral Etienne Toulouse was such a whirlwind stay and there was so much to see. I can only post a smattering of the places we visited while there, because if I showed you all, it would end up being a book instead of a blog posting. Our two day stay was at a beautiful B&B called Les Loges de saint-Sernin owned and run by Sylviane Tatin. The decor, ambiance, and food was exquisite. Madame Sylviane was helpful in all areas of need. She is also a quilter and was kind enough to show me her own home with her displayed quilts. I am impressed! But for now, on to the sights of Toulouse… with a little bit of background first. Toulouse is one of the World Heritage sites of the Routes of Santiago de Compostela and also has the oldest church in France, the Basilica of St. Sernin. Another find while walking was the chapelle des Carmélites, a Carmelite chapel dating back to 1622. The frescoes inside were astounding. Even though the Basilica was older, there was more restoration in progress on the chapel than the Basilica. Another place we happened upon was the Cathédrale Saint-Étienne de Toulouse – chapelle Ste Germaine. Etienne cathedral was indeed impressive. Aside from all the cathdrals, while moseying along we happened upon a breast cancer marathon. Many women in pink and also some hilariously dressed in drag men who were supporting women as well. So, on with the photos… enjoy! Streets of Toulouse Canal du Midi Cathedral St. Etienne Stained glass ceiling Bank of confessionals Side chapel of St. Etienne Take my picture, please One of the city parks Carmelite Chapel Carmelite chapel ceiling fresco Frescoes Repairs on the chapel bell taking place Another relic Streets of Toulouse Dinner in Toulouse: pork ribs and baked potato Broiled lamb /w dauphine potato 0.000000 0.000000 Share this: Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) More Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) Like this: Like Loading... Posted byAlong the Way: life begins at home yet our door is forever open to adventure, new places and new people. Welcome to our travels around the world. July 9, 2013 Posted inFrance Published by Along the Way: life begins at home yet our door is forever open to adventure, new places and new people. Welcome to our travels around the world. This blog is really about us, my husband Rick and I and our travels. We are retired with grown children and two granddaughters. We travel...exhilarating in new experiences and places and all that each day holds. We believe that life begins to fade once we fail to live into it anymore. So come along the way with us and enjoy the journey too! View more posts Post navigation Previous Post Previous post: Musée du Louvre Next Post Next post: Barcelona, Spain 2 thoughts on “Toulouse, France” cindy says: July 10, 2013 at 4:45 am great fun traveling this adventure with you! awesome sights along your walk and you find the most enticing places to revitalise! the collection of quilting would have made an serendipitous delight!! your descriptions and photos are wonderful fun! thanks for taking us along!! XX

Weight management foods like yogurts, soft drinks, and gum can contain some wacky ingredients that many dieters wouldn’t ever consider putting in their body, regardless of how much weight it could help them lose. Best Health offers a list of 10 food additives people may be eating that have potential health risks. Of the 10 food additives on the list, nine show possible cancer connections, including tumors, lymphomas, and leukemia, with some indicating potential links to diabetes and heart disease. See What Additives Are in Your Favorite Foods Aspartame: Aspartame is a commonly known sugar substitute that has caused controversy since its widespread use began in the early 1970s. The sweetener is used in place of sugar in gums, soft drinks, and some desserts to help cut calories. Studies have suggested that aspartame may be more harmful than it is beneficial, according to the Best Health article. Aspartame has been linked to brain tumors, lymphomas, and breast cancer, but aspartame isn’t the only chemical concern for consumers. See Guide to Alternative Sweeteners Acesulfame-potassium: Acesulfame-potassium, also known as acesulfame-K, is also used as a replacement for sugar. Acesulfame-potassium is often used in baked desserts, gum, and energy drinks. The additive is 200 times sweeter than sugar, but adverse effects in two animal studies documented by the journal Environmental Health Perpectives suggest that it could be cancer-causing. Erythrosine: The artificial dye erythrosine, which is used to give cherries in fruit cocktails, baked desserts, and candy a more luscious red hue, has caused significant controversy since the 1980s. Studies some 30 years ago presented evidence that the dye, also called Artificial Red 3, caused thyroid tumors in laboratory rats, but continues to be widely used today according to Best Health. The Best Health story shows that what we put in our bodies may cause more trouble than the benefit of losing five pounds is worth. Sean Flynn is a Junior Writer for The Daily Meal. Follow him on Twitter @BuffaloFlynn Harmful Effects of Food Additives on Health Effects of food additives – Do you think that foods such as vegetables and fruits that you eat every day is good for health. Not necessarily good, because fruits and vegetables sometimes contain food additives. These substances are harmful to health, food additives are certain substances that are added into foods to add flavor and appearance. There is also a food additive insert in fruit and vegetables so that the situation is no longer natural. Sometimes, food additive also very dangerous for health. Consuming foods mixed with additives can cause negative effect like insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, irritability, and mood changes. Harmful Effects of Food Additives on Health Effects of food additives – Do you think that foods such as vegetables and fruits that you eat every day is good for health. Not necessarily good, because fruits and vegetables sometimes contain food additives. These substances are harmful to health, food additives are certain substances that are added into foods to add flavor and appearance. There is also a food additive insert in fruit and vegetables so that the situation is no longer natural. Sometimes, food additive also very dangerous for health. Consuming foods mixed with additives can cause negative effect like insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, irritability, and mood changes. Harmful Effects of Food Additives on Health Effects of food additives – Do you think that foods such as vegetables and fruits that you eat every day is good for health. Not necessarily good, because fruits and vegetables sometimes contain food additives. These substances are harmful to health, food additives are certain substances that are added into foods to add flavor and appearance. There is also a food additive insert in fruit and vegetables so that the situation is no longer natural. Sometimes, food additive also very dangerous for health. Consuming foods mixed with additives can cause negative effect like insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, irritability, and mood changes. Harmful Effects of Food Additives on Health Effects of food additives – Do you think that foods such as vegetables and fruits that you eat every day is good for health. Not necessarily good, because fruits and vegetables sometimes contain food additives. These substances are harmful to health, food additives are certain substances that are added into foods to add flavor and appearance. There is also a food additive insert in fruit and vegetables so that the situation is no longer natural. Sometimes, food additive also very dangerous for health. Consuming foods mixed with additives can cause negative effect like insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, irritability, and mood changes. Harmful Effects of Food Additives on Health Effects of food additives – Do you think that foods such as vegetables and fruits that you eat every day is good for health. Not necessarily good, because fruits and vegetables sometimes contain food additives. These substances are harmful to health, food additives are certain substances that are added into foods to add flavor and appearance. There is also a food additive insert in fruit and vegetables so that the situation is no longer natural. Sometimes, food additive also very dangerous for health. Consuming foods mixed with additives can cause negative effect like insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, irritability, and mood changes. Harmful Effects of Food Additives on Health Effects of food additives – Do you think that foods such as vegetables and fruits that you eat every day is good for health. Not necessarily good, because fruits and vegetables sometimes contain food additives. These substances are harmful to health, food additives are certain substances that are added into foods to add flavor and appearance. There is also a food additive insert in fruit and vegetables so that the situation is no longer natural. Sometimes, food additive also very dangerous for health. Consuming foods mixed with additives can cause negative effect like insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, irritability, and mood changes. Harmful Effects of Food Additives on Health Effects of food additives – Do you think that foods such as vegetables and fruits that you eat every day is good for health. Not necessarily good, because fruits and vegetables sometimes contain food additives. These substances are harmful to health, food additives are certain substances that are added into foods to add flavor and appearance. There is also a food additive insert in fruit and vegetables so that the situation is no longer natural. Sometimes, food additive also very dangerous for health. Consuming foods mixed with additives can cause negative effect like insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, irritability, and mood changes. Harmful Effects of Food Additives on Health Effects of food additives – Do you think that foods such as vegetables and fruits that you eat every day is good for health. Not necessarily good, because fruits and vegetables sometimes contain food additives. These substances are harmful to health, food additives are certain substances that are added into foods to add flavor and appearance. There is also a food additive insert in fruit and vegetables so that the situation is no longer natural. Sometimes, food additive also very dangerous for health. Consuming foods mixed with additives can cause negative effect like insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, irritability, and mood changes. Harmful Effects of Food Additives on Health Effects of food additives – Do you think that foods such as vegetables and fruits that you eat every day is good for health. Not necessarily good, because fruits and vegetables sometimes contain food additives. These substances are harmful to health, food additives are certain substances that are added into foods to add flavor and appearance. There is also a food additive insert in fruit and vegetables so that the situation is no longer natural. Sometimes, food additive also very dangerous for health. Consuming foods mixed with additives can cause negative effect like insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, irritability, and mood changes. Harmful Effects of Food Additives on Health Effects of food additives – Do you think that foods such as vegetables and fruits that you eat every day is good for health. Not necessarily good, because fruits and vegetables sometimes contain food additives. These substances are harmful to health, food additives are certain substances that are added into foods to add flavor and appearance. There is also a food additive insert in fruit and vegetables so that the situation is no longer natural. Sometimes, food additive also very dangerous for health. Consuming foods mixed with additives can cause negative effect like insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, irritability, and mood changes.

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This Privacy Policy is provided to you, in line with the following Applicable Personal Data Protection Legislation: • The Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016, also known as the General Data Protection Regulation (the GDPR), which became enforceable across the EU and the EEA from 25 May 2018, having replaced the previous Directive 95/46/EC; In Ireland, the national law, which amongst other considerations, gives further effect to the GDPR, is the Data Protection Act 2018 (‘the 2018 Act’). • The Directive 2009/136/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2009, also known as the ePrivacy Directive, amending the Directive 2002/22/EC on universal service and users’ rights relating to electronic communications networks and services, Directive 2002/58/EC concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector and Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 on cooperation between national authorities responsible for the enforcement of consumer protection laws. • The California Consumer Privacy Act 2018 (CCPA), assembly Bill of the State of California, United States of America, No. 375, under CHAPTER 55, an act to add Title 1.81.5 (commencing with Section 1798.100) to Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code, relating to privacy and approved by the Governor on 28 June 2018. Filed with the Secretary of State on 28 June 2018 and enforceable since 01 January 2020. • The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 is a United States federal law that sets national standards to protect sensitive patient health information from being disclosed without the patient’s consent or knowledge. The Privacy Rule standards address the use and disclosure of individuals’ health information (known as “protected health information”) by entities subject to the Privacy Rule. These individuals and organizations are called “covered entities.” The Privacy Rule also contains standards for individuals’ rights to understand and control how their health information is used. A major goal of the Privacy Rule is to ensure that individuals’ health information is properly protected while allowing the flow of health information needed to provide and promote high quality health care and to protect the public’s health and well-being. The Privacy Rule strikes a balance that permits important uses of information while protecting the privacy of people who seek care and healing. The primary goal of Processing Personal Data is to allow Pregistry the identification of those natural persons who have joined Pregistry’s Studies (as Participants) on their own free will and initiative. Notwithstanding the herein above mentioned, study participants may decide to use an alias, meaning not submitting real Personal Data. Pregistry points out that, depending on which Personal Data the Participant choses to use an alias, there may be an impact on the accuracy of the “Study” results; as an example, whereas registering under a different name than the one pertaining to the Participant is innocuous in terms of impact in the Study, not disclosing the correct date of last menstrual period or gestational age may negatively impact the Study findings. Pregistry (the organization and its staff members) is aware that Personal Data/ Health Information may represent a risk towards you if accessed by unauthorized third parties. That is a set of Policies, Operational Processes, and mechanisms (technological and human-based) have been developed, ensuring that the Personal Data entrusted by you to Pregistry will be maintained, handled, and shared in a manner that warrants its security, accuracy, confidentiality, and privacy, hence assuring your Personal Data Protection. Personal Data is exclusively Processed under the scope and purpose of the Services described on this Privacy Policy (meaning each Study). Every data subject maintains full control over their personal data (and, where applicable, their offspring’s), as well as the personal data processing activities undertaken by Pregistry (as defined under applicable personal data Protection Legislation or specifically the GDPR, where its ruling is more protective of the data subject’s Rights). Applicability Pregistry reserves the right to modify this Privacy Policy at any time by posting updated time-stamp versions on its websites. The Data Controller Pregistry is a United States-based company that conducts epidemiological studies on a variety of topics, including the safety of COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics on pregnant women and their offspring. Currently, Pregistry is conducting three studies: • International Registry of Coronavirus Exposure in Pregnancy (IRCEP) (NCT04366986, EUPAS37360). The objective of this study is to assess the effect of COVID-19 during pregnancy on obstetric, perinatal, and postnatal outcomes. • COVID-19 Vaccines International Pregnancy Exposure Registry (C-VIPER) (NCT04705116, EUPAS39096). The objective of this study is to assess the effect of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy on obstetric, perinatal, and postnatal outcomes. • COVID-19 International Drug Pregnancy Registry (COVID-PR). The objective of this study is to assess the effect of specific newly developed COVID-19 medications during pregnancy on obstetric, perinatal, and postnatal outcomes. Participants may enroll in one or more studies simultaneously. Pharmaceutical companies which hold the marketing authorization of either COVID-19 vaccines or therapeutics indicated for COVID-19 may act as study sponsors; however, even in those cases, personal data pertaining to participants is never shared by Pregistry with those entities. All questions or requests regarding the processing of the personal data under Pregistry’s control or processing may be addressed to dpo@pregistry.com. Pregistry’s Data Protection Officer (DPO) contact information: Mr. Rui Serrano Country: Portugal Email: phrdpoaas@gmail.com Pregistry Core Activity – Service Catalogue and Legal Basis Pregistry service consists of allowing pregnant women to enroll in its studies and to provide information and support to those participants. Under this scope, Pregistry’s Service Catalogue includes the following services and applicable “Legal Basis” for processing Personal Data (respectively): Study Participant Enrollment Screening questions are posed to those natural persons who wish to become Participants to qualify them as valid contributors or not. A form is then made available for those natural persons to input their data. The Data Subject provides a name, phone number and creates a user login (username [email] and a password) and then Pregistry sends a One Time Password (OTP) consisting of a 6-digit code that they need to enter in order to continue to read and understand the Consent Form. Registered users are then re-directed to the “Profile” stage where they are asked to enter information related to the specific study. Required Personal Data consists of: • Name • Email 1 • Email 2 (Optional) • Enrolment ID • Age • Preferred Language • Time Zone • GUID • Phone number • Phone number 2 (Optional) • Source • IP Address • Consent • Consent name • Login (password) • Organization • Geolocation • Region • Country • City • Postal Code • Medical History (Optional) • Race/Ethnicity • Call recordings Reporting Adverse Events Study participants may at will report adverse events they have experienced (which may or not be causally related to a COVID-19 vaccine or therapeutic indicated for COVID-19), as this is one of the main goals of the studies conducted by Pregistry. The study participant may report adverse events in scheduled questionnaire modules or, at any time, using a button on the study website for logged in participants. Similarly, Participants may upload their redacted medical records (and those of their offspring), as medical records are used to improve the accuracy and validity of the information. Newsletters Sending out newsletters to those natural persons who have shown interest in receiving them (regardless of participation status in a study). Processing (Treatment) over Personal Data Gathering/ Collection Pregistry exclusively gathers Personal Data directly from the Data Subjects, at Study enrollment and through the Data Subject’s actions on the platform. When a Data Subject uses the Pregistry website, a session cookie file may be placed on their browser device. Pregistry only uses cookies that record information about the IT architecture and landscape of the device being used by the visitor (e.g., browser, device, etc.); however, that visitor is never identified personally (as a Data Subject). IP addresses are exclusively cross-referenced with other data for the purpose of safekeeping both Pregistry, the Study results, and the Participants from fraud attempts. For detailed information about cookies in use and similar employed technologies please refer to the Cookies Policy. Storing Pregistry is a digital company and most of the data and information it requires to operate is exclusively maintained in digital format on its IT systems hosted at Amazon Web Services data centers in the United States. Data in transit and at rest are encrypted. This guarantees its security and confidentiality. participants are informed of the data hosting in the United States and they provide explicit consent to the processing of their Personal Data/ Health Information. Therefore, they are fully aware and consenting to the transfer and hosting of such data/ information in the United States. Sharing Pregistry only shares fully anonymized data. Pregistry never shares any identifiers that constitute personal data. Recordings In addition to the interaction over the platform or by email, designated Pregistry staff may speak with you both over the phone or video call using the software Twillio. Due to operational reasons, the phone and video calls are recorded and stored by Pregistry, unless you expressly refuse the recording at the beginning of the call. Twillio will save the call while fully encrypted and it shall be transferred within 24 hours to Pregistry’s repositories (also encrypted) and then erased from Twillio. Pregistry hosts data in the United States. Therefore, you hereby consent to such hosting. You should refrain from sharing any personal data that either does not pertain to you or to your child or that is irrelevant to the study when speaking to Pregistry staff over the phone or video call. Data Minimization Pregistry takes every reasonable step to ensure that Personal Data under its direct processing activities (as the Controller) is limited to the amount and type that is necessary to the successful execution of the Studies. Personal Data Security, Privacy, and Confidentiality Assurance Pregistry’s IT landscape is configured and monitored under guidance provided by the strictest security market standards (e.g., ISO 27000 family, Soc2, ITIL, Privacy by Design) and it has reviewed and adopted changes to its operational processes in a manner that ensures compliance with the requirements posed under applicable Personal Data Protection Legislation towards the Protection of Personal Data/ Personal Information/ Health Information. This is intended to assure confidentiality and privacy while under Personal Data Processing Activities performed by itself and its partners within the scope of Pregistry rendered services. Personal Data Retention Data retention is a major potential risk generator since, during the period the data is available, it may be accessed by a third party, constituting a personal data breach. Pregistry fixes the data retention period according the duration of each study. Pregistry does not hold to personal data for longer than necessary. Additionally, Pregistry ensures that the risk of information being deleted prior to the end of its lifecycle is minimized. Study participant personal data is erased within one month (30 days) after leaving the study or one month (30 days) after having asked for their personal data to be erased. Data Subjects Rights Under applicable Personal Data Protection Legislation, the Data Subject has the following set of established rights: [HIPAA] The right to receive a notice of privacy practices. Please refer to this Privacy Policy plus the information provided to you upon requesting your consent to become a study participant. [GDPR] Right of access. The right to obtain from the Controller confirmation as to whether their personal data is being processed, and, if so, to access such personal data as well as related information. Pregistry will share the Personal Data over a secure channel, and that (depending on the type of Data as well as volume) may imply the need to convey a “password” via an alternative communication channel to the data Subject to ensure authorized secure access. Participants may exercise this right by reviewing information on the Pregistry website user account area or by submitting a request as per herein defined ahead in this document which is the application process for those Data Subjects who are not a Pregistry Participant. [CCPA] Right to know and access your personal information – similar to the Right of Access under the GDPR, California residents have the right to: • Know the categories of personal information we collect and the categories of sources from which we got the information. • Know the business or commercial purposes for which we collect and share personal information. • Know the categories of third parties and other entities with whom we share personal information, and • Access the specific pieces of personal information we have collected about you. [HIPAA] The right to access and request a copy of medical records. Please refer to the Right of Access under the GDPR. [GDPR] Right to rectification. The right to obtain the rectification of inaccurate Personal Data pertaining to that Data Subject. Participants may directly amend existing information on the Pregistry website user account area or by submitting a request as per herein defined ahead in this document which is the application process for those Data Subjects who are not Pregistry Participants. [HIPAA] The right to request an amendment to medical records. Please refer to the Right to Rectification (above) under the GDPR. [GDPR] Right to erasure. The right to have Personal Data pertaining to them that is under Processing by Pregistry erased and, therefore, Processing stopped, unless a legal duty or have a legitimate ground to retain certain data prevents Pregistry from observing such right, in which case the Data Subject shall be duly informed. This right may be exercised by submitting a request as defined in the procedure stated below in this section. [CCPA] Right to deletion – again in a similar manner to what the GDPR rules, natural persons who reside in the state of California may, in some circumstances, ask us to delete their personal data/ information. We may refuse the exercise of such right if it prevents us from exercising legal defense, we cannot do it driven from a legal obligation or there is the risk of by doing so, not being able to fulfill any open contractual obligations. [GDPR] The right to restrict processing. Under relevant conditions set out by the law, the right to request and have in place processing restrictions (in scope and purpose) towards Personal Data that pertains to them. When exercising this right, the Data Subject must be specific about which processing activities are being requested to be restricted and the Controller shall provide feedback to the Data Subject on either the completion of the request or any potential collateral impact that may derive from implementing the requested objection to Processing, asking for additional confirmation prior to implementing the request. This right may be exercised by submitting a request as defined in the procedure stated below in this section. [GDPR] The right to object to processing. The right to object to processing activities that have been qualified under this Privacy Policy has occurred under the Legal Basis of Legitimate Interest by the side of Pregistry. The exercise of this right may also occur where the Data Subject wishes to opt-out from an existing Service (and not necessarily cancelling the Service). When exercising this right, the Data Subject must be specific about which processing activities are being requested to stop and the Controller shall provide feedback to the Data Subject on either the completion of the request or any potential collateral impact that may derive from implementing the requested objection to Processing, asking for additional confirmation prior to implementing the request. This right may be exercised by submitting a request as defined in the procedure stated below in this section. [CCPA] Right to opt out of sales – We do not sell your data. [GDPR] Right to data portability. The right to receive the Personal Data pertaining to that Data Subject, in a structured, commonly used and machine-readable format as well as the right to transmit such Personal Data to another controller without hindrance. Pregistry will share the Personal Data over a secure channel, and that (depending on the type of Data as well as volume) may imply the need to convey a “password” via an alternative communication channel to the data Subject to ensure authorized secure access. Customers may directly amend existing information on Pregistry’s website user account area or by submitting a request as per herein defined ahead in this document which is the application process for those data Subjects who are not Pregistry Customers. [GDPR] Right to be informed about a Personal Data Breach. The Data Subject has the right (and it is the Controller’s obligation by law to ensure it) to be informed of any unauthorized disclosure or potential disclosure of his/ her Personal Data to unauthorized 3rd parties within 72 hours of its occurrence. [GDPR] Right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority. The right to lodge a complaint regarding Pregistry’s Processing activities over his/ her Personal Data towards any of the EU Member States data protection Supervisory Authorities. Pregistry is however also available to provide any clarification towards those Data Subjects who may feel that it’s Processing of the Personal Data that pertains to them has negatively impacted them or somehow breached their rights under GDPR and/ or the right to Privacy, having such Personal Data processed in a secure manner and Confidentiality assurance. Data Subject may submit a complaint via the request process as per herein defined ahead. [CCPA] Right to be free from discrimination – You may exercise any of the above rights without fear of being discriminated against. We are, however, permitted to provide a different price or rate to you if the difference is directly related to the value provided to you by your data. For any of the above-mentioned CCPA related rights, you may designate an authorized agent to make a request on your behalf. In the request, you or your authorized agent must provide including information sufficient for us to confirm the identity of an authorized agent. We are required to verify that your agent has been properly authorized to request information on your behalf and this may take additional time to fulfil your request. Any Data Subject may exercise his/ her rights under GDPR by reaching out to Pregistry’ DPO through the e-mail address dpo@pregistry.com or, while logged in to the platform via the “Exercise of Rights” form. If you have any questions, complaints or wish to exercise your rights under GDPR, please do make clear on your message: • Purpose: Question; Complaint; Exercise of the Data Subject’s rights under GDPR • What triggered your need to contact us? • When did the root cause which triggered the need to contact us took place? • If a Participant, a mobile phone number or alternative personal e-mail address so we may proceed with a two-factor authentication process. Why the need to provide alternative personal contact? Under applicable Personal Data Protection legislation only the Data Subject may exercise his/ her rights, hence organizations must ensure and document that the Data Subject or his/ her legal representatives are the ones interacting with the company while acting over his/ her Personal Data. Glossary “Data Protection Officer” (DPO) means the natural person within a company who bears the responsibility of ensuring corporate compliance towards GDPR (as defined under this Regulation), both by means of monitoring compliance status as well as acting towards the organization and management structure informing those about existing non-conformity points and the need for the organization to act upon them in order to make them compliant with GDPR rules, guidelines and requirements. data subject means the identified or identifiable natural person to whom personal data relates. Both Parties understand that the data subject is the sole owner of personal data which pertains to them. “Data Subjects’ Rights” means the rights established towards the Data Subjects under Applicable Personal Data Protection legislation. Please check the item below under the title “How to exercise Data Subjects’ rights” “IT Landscape” means the set of IT assets and services of and at the disposal of each party that enables their Personal Data Treatment” operation, meaning the communications infrastructure (LAN, WAN, Wi-Fi networks), Data Center and technical rooms, Cloud-based services, workstations, software systems and tools, mobile devices in use, peripheral IT devices, Firewalls and web-based resources. “Legal Basis” means the enlisted lawful grounds that a company has to entice Personal Data Treatment” activities under GDPR, namely (but not limited to) having documented: the Data Subject Explicit Consent towards Personal Data Treatment activities; the company Legitimate Interest in proceeding with “Personal Data Treatment” activities; accessory legal obligations that the company must observe and which entitled it to proceed with Personal Data Processing Activities within the limits of such ruling and inherent obligations; other as per defined under GDPR. “Partner” means any 3rd party entity towards which each party may resort in order to ensure Personal Data Processing Activities under a legal basis (as established by GDPR) and within the scope of agreed Services. Personal Data means any Data that either on its own or where cross-referenced with other Data allows the identification of a specific natural person. “Personal Health Information” has (under the scope of this Privacy Policy) the same meaning as Personal Data (notwithstanding the fact that it still maintains the definition under HIPAA). “Personal Data Processing Activities” means any operation or set of operations which is performed upon Personal Data, whether or not by automated means, such as collection/ retrieval; accessing (consultation, use); processing (organization, structuring, adaptation or alteration); storage (recording, erasure or destruction); sharing (disclosure by transmission, dissemination or otherwise making available, publishing). “Personal Data Breach” means any event or incident (as per ITIL definition) which enables the accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorized disclosure of, or access to Personal Data. Processor means the entity which proceeds with authorized Personal Data Processing Activities (under this DPA and the Agreement) on behalf of the Controller. “Scientific Method” means a set of principles and empirical processes of discovery and demonstration considered characteristic of or necessary for scientific investigation, generally involving the observation of phenomena, the formulation of a hypothesis concerning the phenomena, experimentation to test the hypothesis, and development of a conclusion that confirms, rejects, or modifies the hypothesis. “Service Catalog” means the set of Services rendered by Pregistry that requires Personal Data Processing Activities. “Study” means an organized endeavor (which observes the scientific method) to discover the impact of COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics indicated for COVID-19, as herein described in detail and above in this document. “Study Participant” or Participant means a natural person who either being pregnant or having recently given birth decides to join (by enrolling) in one of Pregistry’s Studies. “Sub-processor” means any Processor engaged by any of the Parties which performs complimentary Personal Data Processing Activities within the scope of the Services.

Use SMTP to send the email message contained in the file named EMAIL to the list of users TO. FROM is the sender of the email.

Energy comes in many different forms and we use it in many ways. In this section, we will show you why we need energy, the history of how we learned to change energy from one form to another, and some of the characteristics of energy. Why We Need Energy? Energy is an essential part of our daily lives! We use energy to heat and cool our homes, schools, and businesses. We use energy for lights and appliances. Energy makes our vehicles go, planes fly, boats sail, and machines run. All living things need energy too. Plants use the light from the sun to grow. Animals and people eat the plants and use the energy that was stored. Food is fuel for our bodies' energy needs like muscle power. We also use our own bodies to make heat energy. When you have been running or working really hard, your body produces heat energy. When you wear clothing like a jacket in the winter, it holds in that heat energy and keeps you warm. How many things you do in a day that use energy? Write it down. A Brief History of Energy Energy Conservation Power Sources Types of Energy Energy & Environment Just a moment... This application uses your local weather and energy rates. This is only an estimate of your actual energy use.

To understand Roland Poon’s involvement in the City Harvest scandal, we would encourage you to read old news articles about him here: The Dawning Truth: Valid Claims Made By Mr Roland Poon In Old Articles The Straits Times reports, Former church member Roland Poon who alleged funds misuse ‘vindicated’, says daughter SINGAPORE – The businessman who charged in 2003 that City Harvest Church (CHC) was paying for Ms Ho Yeow Sun’s music career is now vindicated, said his daughter. Back then, businessman Roland Poon alleged that church funds were being misused to finance the music career of Ms Ho, the wife of CHC founder Kong Hee. Mr Poon, 66, eventually retracted his statement and apologised, but his comments would set off a chain of events leading to the criminal charges, according to the prosecution. On Wednesday, the six accused in the long-running CHC trial were found guilty of all charges. Mr Poon’s daughter, Ms Sharon Poon, told The Straits Times after the verdict: “I feel happy for my father that he is now vindicated, and that after 10 years, we now know that what he did was right.” She said Mr Poon had been concerned about the outcome of the case and was “waiting for this day to happen”, adding: “Now, he can sleep in peace.” “He was brave enough to come out about it. Now, I hope that they can apologise to him, if they still have the heart,” she said. Mr Poon declined to comment when contacted. WHY IT MATTERS: The City Harvest Church case http://static.movideo.com/flash/movideo_player.swf During the trial, much of the spotlight was cast on the Crossover Project – a plan started in 2002 to evangelise to the “unchurched” and woo non-converts, in particular youth – through Ms Ho’s secular pop music. The project started on a high, and Ms Ho later went on to produce five albums and perform in 80 concerts as part of a worldwide outreach tour between October 2003 and May 2004 that drew some 140,000 supporters. However, controversy surrounding the project had begun to brew since January 2003, when Mr Poon flagged the possible misuse of funds. The project’s costs increased dramatically when the decision was made to break into the United States market. Songwriter and producer Wyclef Jean was hired in 2006 to help Ms Ho. Criticism surged again in 2007, after the release of Ms Ho’s English single China Wine. In the risque music video, marketed for its “Asian-Reggae” fusion sounds, she is seen dancing in a skimpy outfit. “If Sun made it in the US, it would open a big door for our missions,” Kong had said during the trial. However, the court also heard that church members were supposedly encouraged to divert their tithes and donations to music production company Xtron to fund the mounting expenses of Ms Ho’s US album. Kong was also accused by former CHC fund manager Chew Eng Han, one of the defendants, of spending church money to buy Ms Ho’s earlier Mandarin albums, thereby inflating sales figures. Source: By Ng Huiwen, Former church member Roland Poon who alleged funds misuse ‘vindicated’, says daughter, Straits Times, http://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/courts-crime/former-church-member-who-alleged-funds-misuse-vindicated-says-daughter, Published 12:04 AM SGT 22/10/2015. (Accessed 26/10/2015.) Like this: Like Loading... Related Post navigation ← Previous post Next post → 4 thoughts on “Love not rejoicing in wrongdoing but in the truth: Roland Poon ‘vindicated’” Leonie Edwards said: October 27, 2015 at 2:06 am “Love does not rejoice at wrong doing but rejoices in the Truth ” that sums it up doesn’t it ? Phil is saying we should be standing with a brother but God gives us instruction for every situation doesn’t He . I believe scriptures are being taken and twisted on Kong Hee’s behalf and a lot of the time there is no scripture at all given. I still have seen no repentance and none of them including Phil has any understanding of what is wrong with what they have done .They have committed fraud .Phil has continued for years at C3 conferences to extort money from the congregation on Kong’s behalf, and under the guise of him having been falslely accused, to pay his legal fees . Read for yourselves God’s attitude to extortioners. (those who use their power or position to obtain funds .. can be by psychological pressure . If it is people in the church we are told to not even eat with them .Let alone stand with them in their wrong doing)1 Corinthians 6 :5,6,7,8,9,10 This shows a complete lack of understanding of God’s ways and a complete lack of wisdom . It worries me that these people are leading thousands of people with their own teaching. If they don’t repent this behaviour will continue .I haven’t read what happened to Ronald Poon when he said that church funds were being used to finance Sun’s career and wonder what made him apologise? I know when I spoke to a c3 pastor about something I saw that was not right I was told” If you don’t agree then get out of the church” He then told people I was causing division and a possible church split . I had not mentioned my issue to anyone but him. Well Sun says she believes in the end “the truth will dawn” Hallelujah because it has. God has protected His church !!!! The gates of hell will not prevail against God’s her Matt 16 :17-19. Reply Chris said: October 27, 2015 at 5:42 am Leonie I think CHC threatened to sue Roland Poon. Reply Leonie said: October 27, 2015 at 7:06 am Yes that’s what I thought had perhaps happened . Thank you Chris. Annette said: October 27, 2015 at 9:30 pm That’s evil. Who’s running the show, God or satan! Leave a Reply to Leonie Edwards Cancel reply Enter your comment here... Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: Email (required) (Address never made public) Name (required) Website You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Google account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Twitter account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Facebook account. ( Log Out / Change ) Cancel Connecting to %s Notify me of new comments via email. Notify me of new posts via email. 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Please leave a comment, feedback or content request. Rest assured, your contact information will be kept confidential. Name(required) Email(required) Website Comment(required) Submit Δ Like this: Like Loading... Recent Posts “Hope is patience with the lamp lit.” – Tertullian December 1, 2021 “Writing is an exploration. You start from nothing and learn as you go.” – E.L. Doctorow November 17, 2021 “Your future is created by what you do today, not tomorrow” – Anonoymous November 10, 2021 Whisperwood is an online collection of resources for the creative writer, particularly the writer of science-fiction or fantasy. Please feel free to explore the Whisperwood binder as much as you like. If you know of a resource which you like to see on Whisperwood, please send a message through the contact page. I’m always looking for great tools and content.

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Highly effective black salve skin cancer treatment targeted by Queensland Health and the Cairns Post | Cairns News Skip to navigation Skip to main content Skip to primary sidebar Skip to secondary sidebar Skip to footer Cairns News North Queensland People Power News Service Front Page Posts Contact About CONTRIBUTORS Disclaimer Videos to view Election Info Federal Election 2016 ← David Walter defies lower court judgement demanding the High Court file his application Trump cruises home in New York → Highly effective black salve skin cancer treatment targeted by Queensland Health and the Cairns Post Apr 21 Posted by Editor, cairnsnews This woman patient was completely healed of a nasty cancer on her nose after a topical application of black salve. There was no scarring and her nose today is unblemished Black salve, hailed as the most effective, natural skin cancer remedy available today, has saved thousands of lives world wide leaving the $30 billion Australian pharmaceutical industry stewing in its wake. Big pharma cannot make any money from black salve because it is made from natural ingredients that the corrupt pharmaceutical companies are unable to patent. Medical doctors and the State Government, bribed by big pharma, do not believe in its efficacy as a natural cure for skin cancer. According to the Cairns Post of April 21, Queensland Health has arrived in Cairns on a witch hunt trying to source one of the hundreds of suppliers of black salve, who are found across the nation. The Cairns Post published a hotline number to dob in black salve suppliers. Cairnsnews was unaware that big pharma’s tentacles had reached a Murdoch newspaper in north Queensland, because News Ltd does not normally get much advertising revenue from drug companies or doctors. News Ltd has never published the fact that doctors and big pharma manage to kill a reported 25,000 patients under their medical care each year in Australia. Cairnsnews has seen dozens of testimonials to black salve where users have sworn by its effectiveness. This writer has used it and has seen the results in others where it left no scarring or had any adverse side effect. One elderly Atherton patient was sent home from hospital to die, suffering from a huge malignant ulcer on his leg after telling the hospital he did not want his leg amputated. A relative treated him with black salve and within two months his leg had healed and he was walking on it. Cairnsnews suggests that readers ignore the unlawful activities of Queensland Health and keep using Cancema or black salve. Black salve suppliers can be found by searching older pages of cairnsnews.org. http://www.alphaomegalabs.com/ Try here for black salve The Murdoch family is closely connected with big pharma company Glaxo Smith Kline. James Murdoch sits on the board, and Rupert uses his influence with government to push their agenda, including vaccinations. There will be much money involved in both directions. They don’t need their advertising dollars, but they like their ongoing pharma grip on the world of (ill)health. – contributed Share this: Facebook Twitter Print Email Like this: Like Loading... Related About Editor, cairnsnews One of the few patriots left who understands the system and how it has been totally subverted under every citizen's nose. If we can help to turn it around we will, otherwise our children will have nothing. Our investigations show there is no 'government' of the people for the people of Australia. The removal of the Crown from Australian Parliaments, followed by the incorporation of Parliaments aided by the Australia Act 1987 has left us with corporate government with policies not laws, that apply only to members of political parties and the public service. There is no law, other than the Common Law. This fact will be borne out in the near future as numerous legal challenges in place now, come to a head soon. View all posts by Editor, cairnsnews » Posted on April 21, 2016, in agenda21, big brother, Corporate Government, Corporate policy, drugs, Medical, People Control, People Power, Science and tagged big pharma, black salve, Cairns Post, Cameron Dick, cancer, natural melanoma cure, Qld Health, skin cancer treatment. Bookmark the permalink. 123 Comments. ← David Walter defies lower court judgement demanding the High Court file his application Trump cruises home in New York → Leave a comment Trackbacks 1 Comments 122 Jan | April 25, 2016 at 9:13 am I have been using black salve for my skin cancers and my husbands for over 6 years and we are very happy with the results….no scarring at all. I have also had skin cancers cut out by doctors and horrible scars from those…and had skin cancers come up all around the scar from the doctors operation. Thanks to black salve each one of those cancers has been eliminated. I have only ever purchased on small jar of black salve and still have half left so I reckon the whole tiny jar will last over 10 years…you dont need to use very much and its a miracle…. LikeLike Beelzebubbles | May 27, 2016 at 9:59 pm I swear by the stuff. It effectively removed a cancerous growth from my ear recently, and my uncle has had numerous sun cancers removed by it. Hurt like hell, but it’s completely gone. LikeLike Jinty | May 28, 2016 at 7:00 am I have used cansema on many of my skin cansers and it works very well the deeper ones were painful but worth it LikeLike Keira | May 28, 2016 at 2:10 pm Hi there, where do you get it please? Thanking you LikeLike Jen Green | May 28, 2016 at 7:46 pm I have treated several skin cancers with black slave. On one occasion after a spot being burnt off by Dr. I applied BS to see if all the cancer was gone……alas the BS drew out the root of the cancer. No scars. LikeLike Father Marker | May 29, 2016 at 1:12 am While it may be illegal to manufacture and sell black salve as a cancer treatment it is still legal to get the raw materials for it. I’ve been able to source the necessary ingredients in Australia to roll my own for personal use. Personally I’ve been using it for removing fungal infections leading me to speculate that cancer could simply be a type of fungus. And the recipe I use is the following. Black Salve Contains : 50 grams Chaparral (Larrea mexicata) 50 grams Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis) 50 grams Galangal root (Alpinia officinarium) or ginger root (Zingiber officinale) 50 grams Graviola leaf (Annona muricata) 25 mls Glycerine (used as a humectant, to keep the product moist). 25 mls DMSO (Dimethylsulphoxidein) Pain management and deep tissue transferer 500 ml distilled water. 250 grams Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) Mix the Chaparral, Bloodroot, Galangal and Graviola powders together. Pour the water into a glass(Pyrex) pot then add the Zinch Chloride to the water. Bring this mixture to the boil stirring frequently to ensure there are no lumps. Add the powder mixture to the simmering pot stirring continuously until all the lumps disappear. Once all lumps are gone stir in the DMSO. DMSO acts as a carrier and helps take the formula deep into the tissues. Next stir in 25mls glycerine. This helps to keep the formula moist. Depending upon the humidity you may have to add a bit more glycerine. Allow the mixture to simmer for about fifteen minutes. When the mixture cools and cures it isn’t runny any more and it has a paste like consistency. It is best used after it has been sitting for two days at room temperature. Put the black salve in separate jars and store in your refrigerator. It will keep indefinitely although it will dry out slightly. If this happens simply at a little bit of water to re-hydrate. LikeLike Stacey Watson | May 29, 2016 at 8:45 am It disgusts me that the government will not take in to account the many success stories this wonderful product does… Evidence speaks for itself as far as I am concerned Qld health can shove it this stuff is saving lives and the patients are not wasting time in hospital beds LikeLike Maria Bryan | May 29, 2016 at 10:17 am I have used black salve for years it works and leaves very few scars behind, a little scarring on only the very biggest of cancers LikeLike Summer | May 29, 2016 at 10:57 am https://www.tga.gov.au/alert/black-and-red-salves-treating-cancer You can’t tell the margins of the skin cancer that is even if it’s skin cancer at all with out a biopsy. So if it is cancerous there is a high chance it will spread to other parts of the body. Scary stuff taking you life in your hands. LikeLike Karen Ann Neale | May 29, 2016 at 4:54 pm Can someone help me source some please? LikeLike Alexandra Tammekand | May 29, 2016 at 7:27 pm I have healed myself and others with Black Salve. I can email pics of the different stages I went through. Its not for the faint hearted. It is ugly and gross. You wonder whether it will heal properly. Mine went almost to the bone on my leg. I’m pretty sure of that as the tentacles were very long from 1/2 way down my shin and I could feel the salve working on them 4 inches from the site. It took about 6 weeks and 6 weeks on from that the site is still healing but its all closed over and purple. I had an unfortunate experience with my upper lip which went a bit wrong and I have a volcanic scar. But the cancer or whatever it really is was gone so I’m thankful. That one too had large tentacles. LikeLike Denise | May 29, 2016 at 7:29 pm I would love to find some of this for a small skin cancer LikeLike Jason green | May 29, 2016 at 9:35 pm This is idiotic – by promoting this dangerous quackery you are risking people’s lives for your stupid conspiracy theories and science denialism. LikeLike Bob Durnan | May 30, 2016 at 12:18 am Has anybody ever heard of somebody using black salve and it not working completely? LikeLike Jenny Stewart | May 30, 2016 at 10:09 am Good to know ther es some ointment that works for the canver sufferers. LikeLike Valda Horne | May 30, 2016 at 11:51 am I have used it for a bcc on my ear and got rid of it with no scaring. It felt like it was going onto my head. Black salve got rid of the cancer and that trailling feeling going into my head. Can only assume the roots were going further in. No longer is the sensation there and cancer gone. LikeLike Dr. Mark McGovern | May 30, 2016 at 12:16 pm As a plastic and reconstructive surgeon living in that part of the planet with the highest rate of skin cancer (the Sunshine Coast), I get to see the results of Cansema often. This is a highly cytotoxic compound which definitely kills normal tissue and causes profound inflammation. If you use it for long enough, it will definitely produce nasty scarring. Many of the so-called cures of cancers occur where there never was a shred of proof that the lesion was cancer. Where the Cansema is applied to Squamous cell carcinoma, the second commonest skin cancer, the inflammation produced may accelerate or cause metastasis or spread of the SCC. I have seen atypically aggressive metastasis of SCC after Cansema application occur several times, with at least two needless deaths from its application. There are excellent reasons why the Therapeutic Goods Administration is shutting Cansema down, and there are precisely zero studies showing that it works,,, LikeLike Get It Out There | May 30, 2016 at 1:17 pm A correction to the story, the Murdoch Family (News Ltd’s controlling shareholders) are big shareholders in Glaxo Smith Kline, a massive pharmaceutical company. You will find News Ltd tend to be pro big pharma and anti natural medicines. LikeLike Nicola Leslie | May 30, 2016 at 9:26 pm Go on to FB and join the BS sites, with many testimonials, someone will help you…. LikeLike Nicola Leslie | May 30, 2016 at 9:35 pm There are too many testimonials of using and treating cancers of all kinds. Imagine a surgeons world and the Pharma income if something can be cured or treated with a naturally grown product. Of course they will not promote it, I have treated many on my body and applied to places which have not reacted, and NO it doesn’t burn a hole in your skin or damage healthy skin. Its like anything, do your study. Read how to make and how to use. Ask questions on FB and Youtube, plenty of info there for you. Chemo and Radiation are more riskier to your immune system than natural cures. Think about all the money that gets raised and given to find a cure for cancer, imagine if we found one, how much $ would Pharma and the Government and Medical Practitioners and specialists lose. Can you imagine that happening?????? mmmmmm sadly SCAM to take your money LikeLike justsimplyhealth | May 31, 2016 at 3:05 am Piss off with your bullshit. Your one person against, with hundrefs and hundreds having affective healing. Open your eyes and stop being blind and paid off by Pharma. you cant beat live truth you idiots. Proven by too many people but you guys just ignore that and dont even bother to resesrch the truth. your a dying breed LikeLike Kylie | May 31, 2016 at 9:47 am The Murdoch family are closely connected with big pharma company Glaxo Smith Kline. James Murdoch sits on the board, and Rupert uses his influence with government to push their agenda, including vaccinations. There will be much money involved in both directions. They don’t need their advertising dollars, but they like their ongoing pharma grip on the world of (ill)health. LikeLike Nicola Holmes Leslie | May 31, 2016 at 3:34 pm Reason cancer spreads is because of biopsies. That’s why when it’s cut out it metastasises to other parts of the body. Chemo and radiation shrink your tumours but don’t kill the initiating cancer cell hence why in a lot of cases it comes back 5 yrs later. It lowers your immunity which you really need to fight cancer with. Think I would rather put on or take BS internally, change my diet and take my chances before I trusted the medical system that is in place today. Think about it!! Too much proof in the pudding LikeLike Jason Green | May 31, 2016 at 10:23 pm your the idiot – testimonials are not evidence – they are stories… whats ironic is that you are using the internet and a computer to argue against the validity of the scientific method… so sad… LikeLike Dr. Mark McGovern | May 31, 2016 at 10:51 pm Hilarious! Your grammar alone would indicate a complete incapacity to read the scientific literature, let alone the TGA website! I am not paid anything by “big pharma’ or anyone else to say this. I’m just trying to save lives, as a doctor would. Black salve really is evil and utterly inappropriate treatment, just as the TGA says. If you want an alternative treatment for skin cancer, have a look at Curaderm aka BEC5, which at least has a bunch of science behind it… LikeLike Craig | June 1, 2016 at 9:08 am I’ve used resalve over 100 times and had 100% success. Here is a video of a serious cancer I treated with the Salve. Note I had biopsies done before and after and was diagnosed with a large Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma on the face. We filmed it all. LikeLike Rayelene Kerr | June 2, 2016 at 12:03 am Mark, Have you ever had to treat a skin cancer on your body ? LikeLike Kerry Humphreys | June 3, 2016 at 5:24 pm Where do I source this product. LikeLike cairnsnews | June 3, 2016 at 5:34 pm admin@freestatevoice.com.au These people may help.Editor LikeLike Jan davenport | June 3, 2016 at 8:13 pm Read all the comments.. The recipe to make your own has been supplied!!!!!! LikeLike Nikki | June 4, 2016 at 11:49 am Go onto FB. SOMEONE WILL assist you LikeLike Nikki | June 4, 2016 at 12:00 pm Well it doesn’t always kill the cancer first try. Reading people’s testimonials all over the net and on Fb. Some it has. It all depends on your pain threshold and type of scaring. Your diet and lifestyle. The Truth About Cancer is a good place to start. Personal investigation into everything is advised. But I hate hearing people dying from something that can be prevented and helped LikeLike cairnsnews | June 4, 2016 at 10:21 pm Goodness me the email address is at the bottom of the original story! Ed LikeLike Jan davenport | June 5, 2016 at 9:14 am Kerry Humphreys read all the comments if you want to source the product…someone has supplied the recipe to make your own and there are some other links as well… LikeLike Ruth Dee | July 11, 2016 at 4:35 am I removed a melanoma with black salve in 2015. LikeLike It works. | July 11, 2016 at 10:53 am You have a vested interest obviously. Black salve has saved the lives of hundreds of people I know. LikeLike Colin McLeary | July 11, 2016 at 11:41 am Been using it for 30 years with a 100% success rate .. I worked in the sun all my life & have treated many skin cancers .. some very nasty ones .. I can’t praise it enough. LikeLike Daniel | July 11, 2016 at 3:05 pm So if Black Sav is BS then this cancer just disappeared on its own lol… LikeLike Brian farrell | July 11, 2016 at 5:15 pm Thanks so much for putting this out I hope you dont mind me asking where can I buy the ingredients? and do you sell it yourself? My FB name is Brian Mahesh Farrell i think if u have a look at it u will see im not a cop..lol LikeLike Troy munro | July 11, 2016 at 6:16 pm Hi I have a dog with a cancerous lump on his leg it’s internal not external just a lump under the skin will it black salve fix it keen to know. LikeLike Troy munro | July 11, 2016 at 6:19 pm Hi doe’s it work on dogs I have a dog that has it under the skin on he’s leg will it draw it out. LikeLike Lynette Gottani | July 11, 2016 at 7:55 pm What do you know ? Have you used it? People are talking from experience, I have been using it for years and can’t speak highly enough about it. If you want to be cut up that is your choice ,not everyone is the same. LikeLike cairnsnews | July 11, 2016 at 11:47 pm If you search ‘black salve’ on this site with the search bar in the RH column you will find an email address of a supplier. Ed LikeLike cairnsnews | July 11, 2016 at 11:48 pm Our advice is that it will only remove a tumor if it is cancerous. Try it and see. Ed LikeLike cairnsnews | July 11, 2016 at 11:49 pm It will only work if the problem is cancerous. Try it and see. Ed LikeLike Carla Graham | July 12, 2016 at 12:05 am I have a friend who used it. It made a big hole where the cancer was. A few weeks later there was no sign anything had ever been there. LikeLike Tim McGrath | July 12, 2016 at 12:28 am Why not add our mangosteen powder. Go to http://www.vitalxan.com.au and view the research on Channel 7 for skin cancer and mangostee Guess what yes GlaxoSmithKline sre funding it. LikeLike Victor of the family Sturgeon | July 12, 2016 at 1:01 am I use Black salve all the time and it has killed every skin cancer I have put it on with no scarring. I point out though that I use the real stuff from Ecuador from Alpha omega labs. I believe their are some Unscrupulous Aussies who make it themselves and are not making it exactly as the Alpha omega people do. then they charge something like $90.00 for this crap and it does cause ulcers I believe. I get the real stuff way cheaper than that and no bloody defacto government is going to stop me from using it. I also use Apricot Kernels for possible internal cancers. I chew about 10 per day. but if you have cancer you need to take 30 per day . 10 in the morning, ten at lunchtime and ten at dinner time. chew them up well and the more bitter they taste the better they are. LikeLike Dave Thorsen | July 12, 2016 at 2:55 am And on what grounds does the government deem Black Salve illegal? They have no authority over what the people do with their bodies. LikeLike Kirsten | July 12, 2016 at 8:05 am Thank you for sharing that recipe! LikeLike Kirsten | July 12, 2016 at 8:06 am Thank you for sharing this article. It’s so important and so WRONG that anyone would want to block black salve and people regaining their health. LikeLike Kim | July 12, 2016 at 8:42 am Thank You for this info. 😊 LikeLike cairnsnews | July 12, 2016 at 9:15 pm Thanks Vic for this valuable info, regards Ed LikeLike Beelzebubbles | July 13, 2016 at 3:08 am This is the original & best. http://www.alphaomegalabs.com LikeLike Lulu | July 13, 2016 at 5:11 am Please do not use on melanoma! Melanoma runs far deeper than the superficial layer of skin! I have read cases where people have forgone surgery to remove melanoma and used this instead, only years later finding out that their melanoma had metastasized. At best, this may help with superficial actinic keratosis, basically because it is burning the heck out of your skin and thus peeling the superficial layer off, much like cryogenic freezing does. Even if you do use black salve, please continue with a dermatologist to determine if the cancer has spread. Skin cancer isn’t something to mess around with! LikeLike Lulu | July 13, 2016 at 5:18 am Thank you Dr. Mark McGovern! I am a skin cancer patient, melanoma and currently treating SCC on my nose with surgery, efudex, and cryogenic freezing with excellent results so far and virtually no scarring. I actually read a study of a woman who repeatedly attempted to treat her superficial melanoma with black salve and ended up with invasive melanoma. Not worth it! LikeLike Dr. P | July 13, 2016 at 7:29 am What a load of total bullshït. This is nothing but anecdotal crap from people who probably thought a mile or a spider bite was melanoma. Then when it disappeared in its own, they credit this useless snake oil. The level of anti science woofuckery displayed here is frightening. LikeLike cairnsnews | July 13, 2016 at 9:56 am No anecdotal comments here. I have used it too with great success. You should ask the elderly gentleman who was sent home to die by Doctor Quack who had tried to slash and burn it with the highly dangerous and toxic chemotherapy which engenders side effects worse than the original complaint. I saw him last week and he is alive with two legs. The elderly gentleman used laboratory prepared cancema to cure his cancerous leg in months, it was not amputated and he still walks around in defiance of the highly expensive, poisonous, AMA mafia – pushing pharmaceutical chemo compound that has a 75 per cent death rate. Sorry Dr P you won’t convince too many readers here. When used for topical application it is important that cancema be applied only once on an adhesive bandage. It is effective and relatively cheap to use, unfortunately no profits here for the medical mafia. Would Dr P like to start a commentary about the incredibly high number of arms and legs amputated by medical quackery in the name of diabetes? We know that diabetes can be cured in a matter of months and will soon provide the evidence the AMA mafia won’t publish ED LikeLike Vic Sturgeon | July 13, 2016 at 2:50 pm What foul mouth Dr you are are u annoyed that people kill their skin cancers at home and are doing u out of a job? Black salve works for me OK. Alpha omega labs spent more than 20 years perfecting this remedy, u howl it down,yet your chemo is an s8 poison. That damages the immune system black salve does not. LikeLike lorna welch | July 14, 2016 at 8:55 pm can you take BS internally? would it help bowel cancer? LikeLike chris gaskell | July 14, 2016 at 11:21 pm anyone knocking black salve is brainwashed by the mainstream medical cartel mafia, science as you say has proven it works OVER AND OVER again, science is all about effective results and black salve works 1000 percent everytime, it saved my life and many others, ignore the brainwashed followers, theyre so programmed theyd believe anything some dick in a suit claimed and if these creeps had their way wed ALL be dead ! BLACK SALVE is an ancient native american cure, nature has a cure for EVERYTHING but these greedy psychopaths cant make money off it, f*&%% them, stay strong and natural as us humans have done for thousands of years LikeLike cairnsnews | July 15, 2016 at 1:35 pm Hi Lorna yes there is liquid cancema available and no doubt readers will respond with details of a source. We have spoken to cancer sufferers who have been taking the liquid form and they have reported excellent results. They say if the patient has previously had chemotherapy the result may not be as effective however we have seen testimonials of good results either way. Last week we spoke to man with prostate cancer who has been taking cancema and he says medical examinations have revealed the problem is all but gone.Ed LikeLike Nirvana Anderson | July 22, 2016 at 11:08 pm Make the sacrifice Doctor. Apply Black Salve to your own healthy skin and prove that it is caustic. Apply it to a skin cancer and prove that it cannot remove the cancer. There may be zero (approved) studies showing that it works but there are also zero studies showing it doesn’t work. An absence of evidence is not the presence of proof, it is just an absence of evidence. LikeLike Victor of the family Sturgeon | July 23, 2016 at 2:56 pm Top Marks to Cairns News for backing the black salve skin cancer movement. it is a top product and how dare the government interfere with it. it is banned in the USA so these clowns have to follow suit as they are a corporation registered in the US and use UCC code on us here in Australia. (American Civil Law) LikeLike Canned Yawn | July 27, 2016 at 7:52 pm I tried reason too, but it turns out You can’t argue with the brainwashed. david icke- believing new age religion followers. Let them just use it and the natural selection will do its work. LikeLike cairnsnews | July 28, 2016 at 10:51 pm Dead right Vic and we have dozens of testimonials to its effectiveness. Ed LikeLike Victor of the family Sturgeon | July 29, 2016 at 12:08 am With Black Salve you don’t need to know the margins for the skin cancer. Black salve seeks it all out and destroys it. it finds the margins all by itself. I have never had a return of any skin cancers I have applied Black salve to. LikeLike Nirvana Anderson | July 29, 2016 at 12:51 pm If you want to see for yourself how the public is being mislead about Black Salve, compare these two videos. The first is the story of a woman who used it, the second is the editing of that video by Channel 7 for the purposes of frightening the public. Ask yourself…is the second video accurate? If not, why not? Why would a lie be needed if Black Salve doesn’t work? Video one: https://youtu.be/9ooNHlB5UEU Video two: https://youtu.be/AhSKp5z7q8A Link to Black Salve petition. Read the opinions of users for yourself. https://www.change.org/p/australian-government-decriminalise-the-use-of-cansema-black-salve-on-human-beings LikeLike grace bent | September 7, 2016 at 7:17 pm You hit the nail on the head. I need help with this too! I just filled out AU Form 16 with an online software. It looked much better typed than hand-written. I used http://goo.gl/FLR1Be and it’s very easy to use. LikeLike Vic Sturgeon | September 8, 2016 at 9:16 am I congratulate Cairns News for not being bullied by the powers that be over Black Salve. it is without a doubt the most effective treatment for Skin Cancer. I know a woman who used it on her breast cancer, although several treatments were required to eliminate the cancer, it worked. I use it all the time very effectively To hell with the big Pharma’s and QLD health.. LikeLike Nev Gray | October 21, 2016 at 9:15 pm I would like to know on how to apply Black Salve do you do it daily & for how long. Can you swim while using it & how much do you have to apply. Kind Regards Nev Gray LikeLike andiebennett | October 23, 2016 at 3:08 pm why has the author not attributed his/her name to the article? it’s akin to a reclaim australia member protesting while all masked up LikeLike Bek | October 23, 2016 at 5:34 pm Absolutely LOVE this article! Thank you! We the people are behind you LikeLike cairnsnews | October 24, 2016 at 7:29 am Evelyn~ The article was published by the editor of cairnsnews as indicated at the top of the publication like all news services around the world do if there is not a by line included …. Robert Lee [editor] LikeLike Rebecca | October 24, 2016 at 11:35 am Have any of you people suffering from “cancer” ever had it confirmed that it WAS a cancer in the first place LikeLike cairnsnews | October 24, 2016 at 8:47 pm Hi Nev most of us have used black salve at one time or another. We know it works. To get the most effective result only apply it once and cover with a bandaid or bandage. It can be used twice on the same problem but usually is not necessary. Swimming or getting the skin problem wet is not advisable. Just use a reasonable amount and apply to the affected area. Ed LikeLike cairnsnews | October 24, 2016 at 8:48 pm Yes LikeLike Vic Sturgeon | October 24, 2016 at 9:44 pm I cannot believe the naysayers on here Making false statements about cancema. you need to go to the site that is listed on this page and read up on how long the people who make the original cancema have been perfecting it. and as for any doctors on this page knocking it. yes, you all have a vested interest in trying to demerit Cancema. the guy spent over 20 years perfecting his Cancema treatment. in a lab.You doctors and naysayers seem to think Chemo is the way to go. well you are all wrong, the proof is in the pudding. Chemo is an s 8 poison and it virtually destroys the immune system.And for your info. the cancema is not what kills the cancer. Cancema only destroys the shield the cancer forms around itself to fool the immune system. once the cancer is exposed. its your own immune system that kills the cancer. and if you give someone chemo and it doesn’t work if that patient uses the cancema to try and kill the cancer, the chances are that it wont work on them because you Doctors have destroyed their immune system. One wonders whether some doctors get a kick back from the big pharmaceutical companies for using and promoting their products. LikeLike Linda Downs | May 15, 2017 at 7:23 pm I obtained black salve, but need instructions for use please. LikeLike gaye45 | May 31, 2017 at 8:44 pm You can get the recipe off the net… LikeLike Lynelle Matthews | June 4, 2017 at 9:55 am Have been using this amazing product for 2years. Absolutely will keep using it👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻 LikeLike tonilmcmahon1 | June 4, 2017 at 11:04 pm you can get the ingredients and instructions at plantessentials.com.au LikeLike Mary Cusack | June 5, 2017 at 9:48 am Totally agree Nicola, Black salve kills the cancer cells without releasing any into the blood stream (this is my reasoning). We need research into its efficacy so that doctors will be allowed to use it. LikeLike Michele | June 6, 2017 at 8:01 am I have an insitu melanoma on my nose will the. Salve be ok to use LikeLike Michelle | June 6, 2017 at 12:30 pm Google “Zenith Herbal Bloodroot” and get added to their facebook page. It has a LOT of information on black salve. It’s amazing stuff! LikeLike Wendy | June 6, 2017 at 2:53 pm LikeLike Wendy | June 6, 2017 at 2:54 pm No! Absolutely not! LikeLike Wendy | June 6, 2017 at 2:55 pm Ask yourself why you have to keep using it if it is so good LikeLike Michele | June 6, 2017 at 3:25 pm Why not Wendy, would you use it anywhere ??? LikeLike Susan Marcus | June 8, 2017 at 12:50 pm Been using for a few years now. Put it on anything that looks odd. Some things it works on and others it don’t that’s because they’re not Cancers that’s how it works. I have one scar from all the times of using it. Husband has been using it for many years as well. He’s had a couple of real bad ones where his leg has been swollen red and sore but after a week the Escher has fallen out and healing starts, then its all good. people should try it not knock it. Love it for face cancers don’t have any scars, only have to persevere for a week approx. While the treatment is working LikeLike Annie Mac | June 8, 2017 at 2:35 pm Cairns News..I followed the address you gave but it had been removed/ halted? Big Brother at work.We are living in a “police state” country, and it is getting worse each day.I have a friend who cured his many melanomas with salve,, my lovely son in law has just had a big one removed, and my Melatonic Hutchisons Freckle I had removed from my face some years ago, seems to be coming back.I desperately need the salve.Do I send to US for it? If so, will they let it into Australia?Thanks LikeLike Annie Mac | June 8, 2017 at 2:44 pm Wendy, you asked a rather stupid question.”Why keep using it if it works?” Well, dearie, for you r information, people who get one melanoma, usually get more…THAT is why they keep using it! LikeLike Janice | June 9, 2017 at 3:33 pm Hi Linda, I read original booklet that came with the product and it said to apply with a toothpick. If it is cancer you will feel a reaction within an hour. If it is not cancer it will do nothing, great stuff but can be painful when drawing out the cancer so have some pain relief on hand. Cheers LikeLike Stan | June 10, 2017 at 10:47 am Victor Where do you get the Apricot kernels from as I have been trying to access them for months. Also the link that you use for the black salve LikeLike Dr C | June 10, 2017 at 8:41 pm I had a friend who had the same result. it really looked impressive! She died when the tumour that was no longer visible metastasised all over her body. it was heart breaking watching a young woman die because she hadnt tried conventional therapy. Complementary therapies have a place but dont gamble your health with a dangerous condition by ignoring proven therapies. I consider black salve particularly dangerous because the results do look so good, obviously doesnt necessarily kill all malignant cells that are juat waiting for the chance to spread. Sadly hers was one of the testimonials spread by email about black salve curing her cancer. she never corrected this when the malignancy recurred Doctors certainly dont have all the answers but generally work very hard to do the best they can with evidence available LikeLike Vic Sturgeon | June 11, 2017 at 11:38 pm Stan, The Black Salve I use is the real deal from Alpha Omega Labs in Equador, I do however get it from within Australia, The Person I get it from has to be careful as to who can get it from that person. Best way would be to contact myself and I can order it for you from that person. I guarantee its the real stuff and not what is made in Australia by back yard- ers here and charge something like $80 to 90 Dollars for a small jar. My last purchase of the salve cost me $30.00 including postage. So if you want some on top of that amount I would have to charge another lot of postage’ so would cost you around $40.00 I would not charge more than it cost me to get and post, I do not believe in ripping people off to make a profit on the illness of other people, we should all help each other in this regard for free. it is only a small punnet but there is enough salve in it to last 2 or 3 years depending on how much and how often you get skin Cancer. Now as for the Apricot Kernels you can find suppliers directly on the Internet right here in Australia, They cannot sell it to you for eating but you can still buy them by the Kilo Making soaps and perfumes .They have a facebook page ( ChiTree Apricot Seeds) or just go to Chi Tree on the internet. this is where i get mine from you don’t have to tell them why you want them. be careful though, no more than 30 per day chewed up well 10 for breakfast 10 for lunch and ten for dinner. start of with ten a day for a couple of days to make sure you don’t have a reaction, I believe it is very rare that a reaction occurs. Now those who knock this stuff by saying it is dangerous etc like Jason Green who says in this column (This is idiotic – by promoting this dangerous quackery you are risking people’s lives for your stupid conspiracy theories and science denialism.) What Jason does not seem to realize is that Alpha Omega Labs put in more than 20 years of research on this salve Just like other labs would do. but just because he will not deal with the big Pharma’s and Governments over it he and his wife have been victimized, jailed even for promoting this wonderful product. If you read their site in the archived section I remember reading that it is not the salve that kills the cancer, it is you own immune system, the black salve merely attacks the membrane the Cancer hides itself in so as your immune system cannot find the cancer. Once this sheath is destroyed by the salve you own immune system recognizes the cancer and attacks it ferociously and destroys it completely. Now if you go and have this Chemo Quackery invented by mainstream big Pharmas and dished out by Doctors. the chemo destroys your immune system. so its feasible to assume the Black salve will not work very well on those people who have had chemo as their immune system can’t operate at full capacity. I admit that I do not Know if that part is correct but it makes sense that this is what may happen in those cases. LikeLike cairnsnews | June 14, 2017 at 12:20 am Thanks Vic for explaining the efficacy of black salve. Big Pharma and the AMA which control Health Departments nationwide,are terrified of this miracle skin cancer cure. There is no money in black salve for them. Thank you for your accurate comments about chemotherapy. Any oncologist who subjects patients to such a hideous process should be prosecuted.-Editor LikeLike Anonymous | June 20, 2017 at 1:45 am Hi all. We have been using black salve for years and know heaps of other people who also use it. A skin specialist cut a spot off my upper arm and told me “I’m terribly sorry but it is a sarcoma cell and it will probably spread and we’ll have to cut a larger area to get rid of it. You will probably see little spots within 5-6 cm of the site.” The scar stayed red and angry and the pin head spots appeared. Then we found black salve! One application and the spots hardened up and fell off within 2-3 weeks. The scar totally settled down and is hardly visible. :-). We go to the doctor to find out what is wrong and then treat ourselves with ‘alternatives’…. which were actually the medicine of doctors before drug companies outlawed them. How do we protect ourselves from governments that are preventing us from using natural products to heal ourselves and trying to encourage us to dob on each other. I am wishing for a mass movement away from our 2 main political parties! Enough of the nanny state and nanny country. LikeLike Graeme John | June 25, 2017 at 4:20 pm I have been told that vets have it for treatment on horses. LikeLike cairnsnews | June 26, 2017 at 9:24 pm Thanks Graeme we have a veterinary advisor whom we will ask. Editor LikeLike Anne Kelly | July 9, 2017 at 6:06 pm Where do I purchase near Gold Coast Queensland? LikeLike cairnsnews | July 10, 2017 at 9:00 am Will find out and post the findings ..Ed LikeLike Vic Sturgeon | July 10, 2017 at 4:18 pm Anne Kelly, I have just got off the phone from a woman who can help you with the genuine Black salve from Ecuador. this is the original proven black salve and not made in a backyard in Australia. its cheaper too and I use it all the time. I have her permission to post her first name and phone number up here and anyone else who would like some can contact her too. Her name is Heather and her phone number is :0428533760 Cheers. LikeLike Deonet | September 22, 2017 at 5:33 pm I have an old jar of Black Salve by Generations sold to me by an herb shop in California before the FDA went rabid and unethically banned the open sale of the stuff. I have successfully used the stuff on several abnormal external cancers, some under the skin, one really odd growth on my tibia, and on a huge basal cell tumor on my dog’s elbow. The salve only has four ingredients in it – bloodroot, red clover, sheep sorrel, and gangalal, none of the other fancy stuff. Bought it almost a decade ago with several other jars. Still works great. I have keloid skin and scar from cat scratches and paper cuts. I tried the black salve on some healthy, sensitive skin near my inner elbow just to test the claims of it reacting to “any skin” and being “corrosive.” What a load of b.s. No reaction at all to the healthy, thin, sensitive skin there even after 48 hours. Reacted to the odd growths, moles, and basal tumor within seconds. This stuff is a miracle and you can make it with simple, easier to find ingredients. It may well work without the zinc and other stuff, just using these four ingredients. If the tumor or growth is deeper, add some DMSO like we did to help it go deeper. If you really want, add the other stuff. We just never found it necessary as this wonderful company that was run out of existence by our corrupt government made a simple product that has worked wonders for us. LikeLike Paul | February 23, 2018 at 8:12 pm I got Skin Cancer on the top of my head, The blood test did not show the cancer but a doctor biopsy did that i insister on as the lump was not normal. The Hospital did one operation. I had to get a second operation because they did not get it all on top of my head. The cancer grew then from the top of my head down behind my ear and into my under [ flesh] jaw and throat. Like a huge cucumber under the skin. A major cancer operation cut all this out and more and i lost a musle in my chest etc Then 6 weeks of radio Therepy on where they operated on, with a special face mask made. i was told no next time, you have lost all your lymp glands. ON a HOLIDAY LOOK FOR A BURIAL SITE. a woman helped me and i took the cancer cansema tablets, after 6 tablets the cancer pain waned [That morphine and pain killers had no effect on, but where bouncing off but taking the tablets gave relief because it attacked the cancer and was defeating it and the pain later left.] The first time i took the tablets there was a fuzy feeling on the top of my head, where the cancer started, The doctors did not treat by radio therepy where the cancer started……They treated where they operated…the wrong place, i would have been another statistic failure that they bury another one of there mistakes as it revealed it was still growing else where. Negligence. the cansema tablets revealed where the cancer was and wiped it out, I felt stronger every day as the bodys lypm glands that were left started working again LikeLike Editor, cairnsnews | February 25, 2018 at 6:55 pm Good news Paul. We have seen many similar testimonials to the efficacy of cancema or black salve. Is it any wonder the pharmaceutical-industry controlled state government wants to ban it? Hope you make a full recovery.Ed LikeLike Craig A | June 6, 2018 at 9:41 am Spot on. I have used it over 200 times with 100% success. I had biopsies done before and after to ‘scientifically’ demonstrate 1. I was treating a cancer and 2. The can was gone after using the Black Salve. I have also done numerous ‘control’ tests where I applied to clear unaffected skin. It became red from the irritant effects of ZnCl, then normalized after a couple of days. The stuff works. The problem is inexperienced users, inexperienced Medical intervention (treating healing lesions as infections) as they do not know what they’re looking at, nor how the Salve works, and self treaters resorting to seeking online advice which is often flawed as there are few professionals with both experience and guts to help people. LikeLike Craig A | June 6, 2018 at 9:44 am Yes LikeLike Andy | June 11, 2018 at 5:14 am Anyone who believes this bullshit is truly one of the most gullible idiots that walk the earth. It’s a joke they think “big pharma” is out to get them and in it for the money. Do you idiots even realize that it’s the people selling this quack medicine that are making the money? No reliable medical provider has products for sale. And the black salve, literally caustic. Maybe the damage and infection it causes will kill you faster than your cancer that it didn’t heal. Your “proof” is all YouTube and anecdotal. If people can’t do research off of reliable sources, or listen to someone who actually studied medicine (no I don’t mean through your bad mom blogs), then I hope your diseases kill you before you can reproduce mor stupid into the world. LikeLike Editor, cairnsnews | June 11, 2018 at 10:09 am Bad news for Andy. It works and tens of thousands of users will vouch for it including this writer. Do you work for Merck Sherk and Jerk Andy? Editor LikeLike Nirvana Anderson | June 11, 2018 at 12:31 pm hmmm. Who to believe? Someone who hasn’t used it or someone who has? Andy is right though…huge corporations and the politicians they buy are all completely trustworthy and would never keep something that threatens their profits buried. Despite the poor results of conventional treatment, let’s stick with that and question nothing. pffft. LikeLike Vic Sturgeon | June 11, 2018 at 8:17 pm Have you ever checked it out Andy, The man who invented this stuff had his own laboratory in the USA, he spent more than 20 perfecting the black salve Known as Cancema in his laboratory, The US Government demanded he let the Government do research and test his Black salve before he would be allowed to Sell it, guess what the Government wanted him to pay them millions of Dollars to do the research. he refused to be ripped off by them and he done his own research and in the process had thousands upon thousands of testimonials as to how good this stuff works world wide. because of his refusal to pay them all this money they arrested him and his wife over selling it without it being tested by the US Govt laboratories . so he moved off shore because he already had countless testimonials that the black salve works 100%. and if you were to go to his site you would see that compared to the rip off prices Big Pharma charge for their products his black salve and other products he sells is way cheaper. I have been using his products for yeas and have cured all Skin Cancers that attacked my body and without having to have my face and ears or skin grafts etc like what happens with the doctors etc. Where the trouble lies is the fact that anyone can make this at home as you can get a list of the ingredients and step by step instructions how to make it. these backyarders have no quality control and thus their product is crap. I buy the genuine Black salve and I can get a small glass container with enough of it to treat a dozen family members for several years. for around $30.00 including postage. so if you think people are being ripped off at that price you are well and truly mistaken. the genuine product from Ecuador from Alpha omega Labs is a brilliant product that saves countless thousands of people who use if effectively heaps of money. as I say, I have been using it for years and it works 100% all the time. so before you make silly remarks Andy go and do some research, you might just learn something of value LikeLike Charlie | June 12, 2018 at 7:31 am Internal recipe? Thanks FM LikeLike Editor, cairnsnews | June 12, 2018 at 8:34 am An appropriate reply Vic. Editor LikeLike James | June 13, 2018 at 10:39 am I have used black salve after haveing surgery to remove tumor which returned after surgery. I decided to treat it my self for about three cents with black salve.10 days later the tumor eased out, no scaring , three years later all clear. I understand that the Dollar is more important than human life, however is it not time that governments grow up and wake up , to the saveings that can be made in public health if we stop playing,with peoples life and looked in to things that work without poisoning the body. LikeLike James | June 13, 2018 at 10:58 am Foolish words Andy. The words of someone who has something to lose from introduction of a cheap alternative to surgery and chemo. I lost my wife to medical treatment of a simple melanoma.on her tummy. How much better could the life of my children be had I had taken more steps then to look in to alternative meds. However today I have treated two diagnosed tumors with the salve your so sure is bull shit without any evidence-based knowledge. Good luck to you and your family however my children and I will continue to use salve, at the risk of monetary lose to big pharma. I suggest Andy, you keep a small pot in your fridge, so as to give your family a chance. Good luck with the chemo. LikeLike Lurelle Basham | June 15, 2018 at 5:21 pm I and other family members and friends have used black salve for years. Doctors usually turn a blind eye. There is absolutely no doubt in my mind that it is effective. LikeLike jeff bergin | August 28, 2018 at 5:00 pm hi thanks for the recipe it has been hard to find decent salve i have used it for 6 years i also use bloodroot caps unreal products thanks again jeff LikeLike Casper cloak | January 13, 2020 at 9:02 am Have been treating skin cancers for years With Black Salve. Other than pain, never had Any problems. Black Salve, kills cancer, does not harm healthy tissue costs virtually nothing and heals over wonderfully. Big Phama needs to be scared of this natural effective cancer killer. That is why the tell outright lies to simply scare people into using costly conventional treatments that are painful and in many cases ineffective. Black Salve is safe and a sure killer of Cancer. Regards Casper Cloak LikeLike Casper cloak | January 13, 2020 at 9:09 am You poor silly simpleton, Doctors can’t make money from this product. Cancer research funds are being pumped into trying to synthesis this amazing product. Only vested interests lie and mislead the public into Believing what you are peddling is correct. When that duplicate Black Salve and can claim a cancer cure, it will become a trillion dollar medical breakthrough. Casper LikeLike Lene Olsen | December 28, 2020 at 6:54 am Hi, I am using Black Salve every time I see something looking like basal skin cancer. I got it from a healer here in Copenhagen, Denmark. Prior to getting the black salve, I had had treatment on my lip, which is a very bad place to get skin cancer as it is hard to treat. I had 33 x-ray treatments on my lip – an as I said earlier, I now apply black salve on my lip an skin whenever I see a problem. I will always be grateful for black salve 🙂 Lene LikeLike Steve | December 29, 2020 at 7:30 pm I’ve been using it for yrs with 100% perfect results. Call me if you wish . 0402498960. LikeLike Pingback: Media vs Black Salve - Bloodroot Salve Leave a Reply Cancel reply Enter your comment here... Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: Email (required) (Address never made public) Name (required) Website You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Google account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Twitter account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Facebook account. ( Log Out / Change ) Cancel Connecting to %s Notify me of new comments via email. Notify me of new posts via email. Δ This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. 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Preferred Links APRadio – http://australianpatriotradio.com Archives Archives Select Month December 2021 November 2021 October 2021 September 2021 August 2021 July 2021 June 2021 May 2021 April 2021 March 2021 February 2021 January 2021 December 2020 November 2020 October 2020 September 2020 August 2020 July 2020 June 2020 May 2020 April 2020 March 2020 February 2020 January 2020 December 2019 November 2019 October 2019 September 2019 August 2019 July 2019 June 2019 May 2019 April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 April 2016 March 2016 February 2016 January 2016 December 2015 November 2015 October 2015 September 2015 August 2015 July 2015 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 January 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 September 2014 August 2014 July 2014 June 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January 2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July 2012 June 2012 May 2012 April 2012 March 2012 February 2012 RSPCA FARMER INQUISITION You need to read this factual inquiry of 70 year old farmer Ruth Downey who has her cattle slaughtered by the RSPCA and the nursing calves left without their mothers, NO FOOD. Click the picture to download the disgusting story that is far from a first time event, there are many, many more prosecuted by the private law firm of the then NSW-RSPCA president and a fellow director

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In honor of the Kurdish victory in Syria over ISIS, today’s W4W will talk about one of the greatest Syrian Queens who had adept military skill of her own: Zenobia. Back in the day she ruled, she was officially ruler of the “Palmyrene Empire,” which is modern day Syria. She was the second wife of the King Septimus Odaenathus, but is better remembered for her attitude towards the Romans, which was less than friendly. “Ancient sources on her life and reign are the historian Zosimus (c. 490 CE), the Historia Augusta (c. 4th century CE), the historian Zonaras (12th century CE), and historian Al-Tabari (839-923 CE) whose account follows that of Adi ibn Zayd (6th century CE) although she is also mentioned in the Talmud and by other writers.” While these sources note her open challenge to the Roman Empire (which would shortly lend a hand in its downfall), her place in popular history is far more dramatic. Allegedly, Zenobia led an outright revolt against Rome, leading to her capture, which led her chained through the streets of Rome before she was beheaded by Aurelian. But that’s clearly not what makes her worth a Wednesday, so I’ll get to the good part. After her husband’s death (or shall I say murder?), Zenobia took the throne in 267 (her son being too young to rule). She was very well educated (allegedly educated in Greek and Latin, and fluent in Egyptian and Aramaic), and filled her court with intellectuals. At the time, Palmyra was more like a vassal state to a disintegrating Rome. However, it had the distinct advantage of being a trading stop on the Silk Road at a time where other opportunities up the road had been weakened. In other words, Palmyra was sitting on great trade opportunities a steady stream of inoming wealth in the midst of Roman disorganization. As Rome’s figurehead changed by the week, Zenobia sent her troops to Roman-owned Egypt, conquering it in the name of Palmyra. With Egypt under her belt, negotiations began, and she was able to expand her territory into then-Asia Minor right behind Rome’s back. “By 271 CE she ruled over an empire which stretched from modern-day Iraq across through Turkey and down through Egypt.” Whether she was autonomous or a Roman vassal was even more contested when she printed coins of herself, adopting the name “Augusta.” Unfortunately, Rome did get its act together under the authority of military man Aurelian. He began a march on Zenobia, totally destroying each town in his wake. When a few towns in he encountered the home of a philosopher he liked, he spared the city. Afterwards, Zenobia’s cities sent him their surrenders in advanceso that he was able to practically waltz into Syria. After three battles, two of which the Roman’s feigned retreat before capturing the calvary, Zenobia was captured. Her final days range in mystique from her being poisoned, escaping on a camel, going to trial, or just marrying a Roman differ on the source. Regardless, she was a great leader, known for her stamina, and the Al-Tabri records that she would march on foot with her troops long distances, could hunt as well as any man, and could out-drink anyone. We can only hope those fighters in Syria today display equal valor. More info: here and here. Posted in Rant and Rave, Wednesdays for Women and tagged ancient history, ancient rome, aurelian, awesome women, famous women, feminism, historical women, history, military women, palmyera, palymeria, queen of syria, roman empire, rome, silk road, Syria, syrian history, syrian victory, wednesdays for women, women leaders, women rulers, women worth note, zenobia on June 24, 2015 by callingtheclothesline. 1 Comment My Tweets Follow The Clothesline on WordPress.com My Link-up Recent Posts Wednesdays for Women: Cleopatra and Elizabeth Taylor Belated July 4th Ay Jax Do you Believe in Magic? Roaring Prohibitions Archives Archives Select Month July 2016 June 2016 November 2015 July 2015 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 January 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 September 2014 August 2014 July 2014 June 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 Shop more of my closet on Poshmark Tags 1920s Anthropologie antique antiquing beach beach style california Chanel Chloe disney diy ebay eccentric glamour estate sale fall fashion fashion fashion 2014 fashion blog feminism flapper fossil french connection fur gap givenchy H&M haiti haute couture high fashion historical women isaac mizrahi j crew Kate Spade lanvin liberty london link up linkup loft london Marni michael kors nautical notre dame ootd personal style personal style blog polyvore Pour La Victoire primark retro South Bend spring 2014 st augustine street style style style blog summer style talbots target The Clothesline the row thrifted thrifting tommy hilfiger tourist travel travel blog urban outfitters vacation vintage vintage hat vintage style wednesdays for women wolford Zara

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Anyone with an email address is likely to have experienced a scam or phishing communication landing in their inbox, and unfortunately this type of attack is becoming both more frequent and more sophisticated. Sending a message purporting to be from HMRC is a popular method criminals can use to attempt to get hold of personal and financial details. It’s not limited to email either, with hoax text messages, social media communications and telephone calls also being used in order to illegally extract the information needed. Tags: General Information, Read more What will be the impact of the Brexit divorce bill? Posted on: 15 Jan 2018 by: CamOuse Financial Management Limited Thanks to the ‘breakthrough’ deal struck in early December last year by Prime Minister Theresa May with the EU, we now know that there will not be a ‘hard border’ with Ireland, that the rights of both EU citizens in the UK and UK citizens in the EU will be protected, and that the ‘divorce bill’ figure will be somewhere between £35 billion and £39 billion. Since before the EU referendum result was known at the end of June 2016, the ‘divorce bill’ – the money the UK will need to pay to the EU as a result of Brexit to cover its financial liabilities – has been a hot topic of debate. Tags: Brexit, General Information, Read more Where did house prices increase and decrease the fastest in the UK in 2017? Posted on: 10 Jan 2018 by: CamOuse Financial Management Limited Research into the housing market throughout 2017 has revealed the areas of the UK where property prices increased and decreased the most last year. Cheltenham in Gloucestershire was the place where prices grew at the fastest pace, with the average price of £313,150 marking a 13% rise – nearly five times the UK average increase of 2.7%. At the other end of the scale was the Scottish town of Perth, where prices dropped by 5.3% to make the average property price tag £180,687. Tags: Mortgages, Read more January Market Commentary Posted on: 3 Jan 2018 by: CamOuse Financial Management Limited Another year seems to have flown by in the space of about five months. December, in particular, seemed to go past in a blur. It was, however, the month when some progress was – finally – made in the Brexit negotiations. It was also the month when Scotland used its tax-raising powers to increase income tax, when Germany worried about Chinese spies using fake LinkedIn profiles and when yet more sanctions were heaped on the North Korean regime – which were predictably condemned as an ‘act of war’. Half of the major stock markets we cover in this commentary rose in the month and overall 2017 was a good year for world markets: the Hong Kong market led the way with a rise of 36% and only the Russian index fell significantly during the year. Tags: Market Commentary, Read more Prev Next I thought CamOuse were very helpful and dealt with my enquiries promptly. 5 out of 5 D Mowatt Clive Nickalls I have been a client of CamOuse's for many years. My advisors have provided assistance with mortgages, financial planning, investments and most importantly my future. The team remain passionate and professional and I would recommend CamOuse without question. 5 out of 5 L Isbell Trevor Honey & Clive Nickalls The staff are always happy to help. 5 out of 5 J Pearce Lee has always given me excellent advice when choosing a new mortgage. I would highly recommend him. 5 out of 5 R O'Dell Lee Pooley Everyone is very friendly, approchable, helpful and professional. 5 out of 5 G Parr Trevor Honey I would like to thank Lee for all his help, he was amazing! 5 out of 5 Silk & Schwarz Lee Pooley Lee was recommended to us by 2 of his existing clients, colleagues and friends of ours and I'm glad they did so! He made the whole process much simpler then we were expecting. 5 out of 5 Burgess & Bedford Lee Pooley Lee has helped us on several occassions and we always appreciate and value his time and efforts. 5 out of 5 I & A Murphy Lee Pooley I really appreciate the prompt, friendly, efficient service. 5 out of 5 V Hardy Clive Nickalls Very pleased with the service provided and happy to recommend to my customers and friends and family. 5 out of 5 M Chadburn Clive Nickalls I would like to express my thanks for the excellent service I have received and a special thank you to Hannah for keeping me updated and dealing with my queries in a very efficient and professional manner. 5 out of 5 T Long Matthew Theobald Thank you (and Eve) so much for all your help and support towards our remortgage. We really appreciated your expertise. 5 out of 5 Cant & Robbins Lee Pooley I would just like to thank you all on behalf of myself and Jordan. You, Eve and Max have been faultless and we couldn’t be more appreciative for all your help! 5 out of 5 C Baldwin Lee Pooley Lee has provided me with mortgages and appropriate insurance for both my home and lease properties. He is professional and works to get policies in place in an extremely quick time frame. I would certainly recommend Lee and CamOuse to anyone and I personally will continue to use their service. 5 out of 5 G Habbin Lee Pooley I have been a client of CamOuse Financial Management Ltd for many years and have always found their services to be of the highest quality. 5 out of 5 N Parker Jo Kurz Amazing company, very friendly, professional, and always on hand to give sound advice. My family has been utilising their expertise for many years and have never been let down. 5 out of 5 S Bradley Jo Kurz Sound financial advice and planning. Responsive and friendly service. 5 out of 5 B O'Connor Jo Kurz The whole team at CamOuse are friendly, professional and always look after your best interests. Thanks for your help! 5 out of 5 G Hall Lee Pooley We've only been with CamOuse just over a year but would highly recommend them. We deal with Matthew who is an excellent adviser, always very responsive to questions and goes the extra mile to help. 5 out of 5 P Carter Matthew Theobald I was so pleased and relieved to find this company. Particularly pleasing is their communication - it's jargon-free, concise and clear. We've been very happy with advice given thus far, and also their responsiveness whenever we've had any queries. 5 out of 5 A Cant Jo Kurz We used Lee at Camouse to arrange our mortgage and can highly recommend him to provide an honest and professional service in this area. We will certainly return to Lee for remortgage advice in the future. 5 out of 5 A Attewell Lee Pooley Would like to extend our thanks to you and your team for a fantastic customer service as always. 5 out of 5 E & R Mendoza Lee Pooley We paid a small fee to Camouse for whole of market mortgage broker services. As first time buyers, Lee and Eve were able to guide us through the process, find us a deal and sort out the applications in a really helpful friendly and efficient way. We were very satisfied and would recommend CamOuse to others for this service. 5 out of 5 L Humphrey Lee Pooley I was extremely pleased with the quality of the service I received when arranging a mortgage as part of a house sale and purchase through CamOuse. Lee and Eve were very easy to contact and always quick to respond. I would definitely recommend their mortgage arrangement services. 5 out of 5 G Dewdney Lee Pooley Leave feedback Sign up to our newsletter Privacy Policy Brochure Complaints Survey Investment Statement Sitemap © CamOuse 2021 | Website by KOALA CamOuse Financial Management is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. None of the information contained in this website should be considered as personal recommendation and is for information only. Should you wish to make a financial transaction we recommend that you take personal financial advice after a thorough review of your personal and financial circumstances. The information contained within the website is subject to the UK regulatory regime and is therefore primarily targets at customers in the UK. Registered address: Unit 111, Lancaster Way Business Park, Ely, Cambridgeshire, CB6 3NX Registered in England and Wales. Registered No: 5662116. Peninsula: Accredited Standard Understanding the true cost to your business Pension arrangements must be available for all employees. There are three categories of employee: Eligible Aged between 22 and State Pension Age (SPA) with qualifying earnings over the Auto Enrolment earnings trigger Non-eligible Aged between 16 – 74 with qualifying earnings between lower threshold and the Auto Enrolment earnings trigger Aged between 16 -21 or SPA – 74 with qualifying earnings over Auto Enrolment earnings threshold Entitled Aged between 16 -74 with earnings below the qualifying earnings lower threshold Important Notes Eligible jobholders must be auto-enrolled Non-eligible jobholders are allowed to be auto-enrolled if they want to Entitled workers are entitled to join a pension scheme, but the employer doesn't have to contribute Qualifying Earnings lower threshold £5,772 Qualifying Earnings upper threshold £41,865 Automatic Enrolment earnings trigger £10,000 Minimum contribution level options: 8% of Qualifying Earnings of which 3% is employer's (starting at 1%) 9% of Basic Salary of which 4% is employer's (starting at 2%) 8% of Basic Salary of which 3% is employer's (starting at 1%) (Where basic salary is at least 85% of total earnings) 7% of gross earnings of which 3% is employer's (starting at 1%) Pay reference period Essentially the frequency that the jobholder is paid e.g. monthly, weekly etc. but with reference to the tax month, week etc. therefore it may not be the same as the payroll period. Deduction and payment of contributions It is the employer who is responsible to calculate, deduct and pay all contributions to the AE scheme. NOTE – the first and last contributions are likely to be for less than a full pay reference period and should be adjusted accordingly. Payroll services It can be seen that it is very important that the payroll system synchronises with the AE scheme otherwise the employer will not be carrying out all requirements and then penalties will be incurred. Staging date Based on the employer’s payroll size as at 1 April 2012 and can be found at www.thepensionsregulator.gov.uk/employers using your PAYE reference. The Qualifying Workplace Pension Scheme must be registered with The Pensions Regulator within 4 months of the staging date. Compliance and communication Postponement Auto-Enrolment can be postponed for up to 3 months: For current eligible employees For workers that meet the criteria in the future for the first time e.g. avoid joining temporary or lower paid workers Opt-Outs All eligible employees must be auto-enrolled, but can, with the correct notification, opt-out within one month of joining the scheme and be treated as never having joined. They can opt back in and will automatically be auto-enrolled every 3 years in any case! Communication There is a wide range of information that must be provided to all employees at certain times, such as: The date auto-enrolment took place for eligible jobholders That non-eligible jobholders have the statutory right to opt in Entitled workers have the right to request the employer to enrol them into a pension scheme Salary sacrifice Contributions can be paid by effectively reducing salary, which saves on NI contributions, but employee must choose to do this – they cannot be forced, so a contractual variation will need to be implemented. Default investment fund Investment Options All eligible employees will be automatically invested into a default investment fund, which is a balanced risk fund that is “life styled” to account for the employees approach to retirement. They also have the option to invest in a wide range of funds of their choosing.

Welcome, camp friends! We are thrilled to share virtual ways for you to find meaningful connection and community through our offering of new online support groups, family gatherings, live events, and more. Browse events below or search and/or filter using the filters below. You can also change to a calendar view by selecting the icon at right.

An untold number of Americans have managed to get COVID-19 booster shots even though the U.S. government hasn't approved them. DENVER (AP) — When the delta variant started spreading, Gina Welch decided not to take any chances: She got a third, booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine by going to a clinic and telling them it was her first shot. The U.S. government has not approved booster shots against the virus, saying it has yet to see evidence they are necessary. But Welch and an untold number of other Americans have managed to get them by taking advantage of the nation’s vaccine surplus and loose tracking of those who have been fully vaccinated. Welch, a graduate student from Maine who is studying chemical engineering, said she has kept tabs on scientific studies about COVID-19 and follows several virologists and epidemiologists on social media who have advocated for boosters. “I’m going to follow these experts and I’m going to go protect myself,” said Welch, a 26-year-old with asthma and a liver condition. “I’m not going to wait another six months to a year for them to recommend a third dose.” While Pfizer has said it plans to seek U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval for booster shots, health authorities say that for now, the fully vaccinated seem well protected. Yet health care providers in the U.S. have reported more than 900 instances of people getting a third dose of COVID-19 vaccines in a database run by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, an Associated Press review of the system’s data found. Because reporting is voluntary, the full extent of people who have received third doses is unknown. It’s also unknown if all of those people were actively trying to get a third dose as a booster. "I don’t think that anyone really has the tracking” in place to know how widespread it is, said Claire Hannan, executive director for the Association of Immunization Managers. One entry in the CDC database shows a 52-year-old man got a third dose from a California pharmacy on July 14 by saying he had never received one and by providing his passport, rather than a driver's license, as identification. But when the pharmacy contacted the patient’s insurance provider, it was told he had received two doses in March. In Virginia, a 39-year-old man got a third shot from a military provider on April 27 after he showed a vaccine card indicating he had received only one dose. A review of records turned up his previous vaccines. The patient then told the provider that the time between his first and second doses was more than 21 days, “so they spoke to their provider, who ‘authorized’ them to get a third shot,” an entry states. Colorado Gov. Jared Polis said at a recent news briefing that he knew of residents who had received third dose by using fake names, but neither his office nor the state health department could provide any evidence. Despite a lack of FDA approval, public health officials in San Francisco said Tuesday that they will provide an extra dose of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine for people who got the single-shot Johnson & Johnson variety — referring to it as a supplement, rather than a booster. Several studies are looking at booster shots for certain at-risk groups — people with weakened immune systems, adults over 60 years old and health care workers. But the verdict is still out on whether the general population might need them, said Dr. Michelle Barron, senior medical director for infection prevention at UCHealth, a not-for-profit health care system based in Aurora, Colorado. She said the best data in favor of possible boosters is for people whose immune systems are compromised. Israel is giving boosters to older adults and several countries, including Germany, Russia and the U.K. have approved them for some people. The head of the World Health Organization recently urged wealthier nations to stop administering boosters to ensure vaccine doses are available to other countries where few people have received their first shots. Will Clart, a 67-year-old patient services employee at a Missouri hospital, got a third dose in May by going to a local pharmacy. Clart said he gave the pharmacist all of his information, but that the pharmacist didn't realize until after administering the shot that Clart’s name was in the vaccine system. “It sounded like there was a benefit to it. And there’s also been talk that eventually we’ll need a booster — mine was five or six months out and so I thought well I’ll go ahead, that’ll give me a booster,” Clart said. Ted Rall, a political cartoonist, explained in a Wall Street Journal op-ed that he got a booster because of a history of lung problems, including asthma, swine flu, and repeated bouts of bronchitis and pneumonia. “I made up my mind after reading a report that states were likely to toss 26.2 million unused doses due to low demand. My decision had no effect on policy, and I saved a vaccine dose from the garbage,” Rall said. Welch, the graduate student from Maine, put the blame on people who have refused to get the vaccine for political reasons. About 60% of eligible people in the U.S. are fully vaccinated. “Their absolute demand and screeches for freedom is trampling our public health and our communal health."

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Social Dancing in Canberra - a guide to New Vogue and Old time Dances with links to venues for other styles.

NOW AVAILABLE - Waterproof Vinyl! Now available is a gloss fully waterproof vinyl finish. Vinyl stickers are only available in medium size. *We recommend Matt finish stickers for indoor use only. Vinyl stickers can be used outdoors and are fully waterproof.

On Saturday, October 20, 2018, the Wisconsin State Journal published a letter to the editor I wrote in response to comments by cannabis advisory referendum opponents in a recent State Journal article. article . The letter was also published online by the State Journal on Friday, Oct. 19, 2018. RELATED: The Cannabadger Guide to the 2018 Wisconsin County Cannabis Advisory Referendums Letter to the Editor by Gary Storck that appeared in the Saturday, Oct. 20, 2018 print editions of the Wisconsin State Journal. Pot referendums aren’t a liberal ploy — Gary Storck As a longtime medical cannabis patient and activist, I’ve researched past efforts to reform Wisconsin’s harsh cannabis laws, and 2018 has been nothing short of historic. The grassroots effort that produced 16 county and two city advisory referendums on medical and adult use of cannabis shows how far the issue has come with the public and elected officials from every corner of Wisconsin. While opponents such as Attorney General Brad Schimel and state Rep. John Nygren, R-Marinette, claim the referendums are some kind of Democratic plot to turn out voters, the counties and cities that approved placing these referendums on the ballot are not all Democratic strongholds. If this were some kind of Democratic scheme, why would county board members in red counties such as Brown, Forest, Langlade, Clark and Lincoln go along with it? Could it instead be they actually listened to the heartfelt testimony of the citizens that came forth to speak in favor? Voters representing more than half the state’s population will find cannabis advisory referendums on their ballots. And these referendums will pass easily in every locale. Maybe Schimel and Rep. Nygren should stop playing politics and start paying attention to issues that matter to the state residents they claim to serve. Gary Storck, Madison The Cannabadger Guide to the 2018 Wisconsin County Cannabis Advisory Referendums advisory referendums, Attorney General Brad Schimel, Letter to the Editor, medical cannabis, medical marijuana, oped, Rep. John Nygren

If you have just clicked on our page, it is because you do not yet know where to buy your cannabidiol. Don’t worry, the entire MiisterCBD English team is working hard to help you find the best CBD product, as well as the shop that will suit you best. We have tested all the online coffee shops to give you an objective opinion through a detailed review. Products for sale, registration on the site, places and delivery times, and also after-sales service, you will know everything you need to know to easily buy your CBD on the Internet. The first step is to find the online CBD store ideal for you. This type of store can also be called “coffee shop”. To make this decision, we recommend that you read our detailed reviews as we provide you with all the essential information you need to know about each CBD supplier. Depending on your tastes and needs, it will be easy for you to select an online CBD shop. Why should you buy CBD (cannabidiol)? In this next step, the CBD supplier will ask you to create an account or to just enter your delivery details. At this point, you will have to make a note of your Name and Surname, your postal address, and potentially your email address and telephone number in case any issue occurs during delivery. Don’t worry, your data is safe. In other words, the use of CBD can treat many symptoms related to the nervous system (anxiety, depression, epilepsy…) but also some skin diseases such as eczema or psoriasis. Some doctors also recommend using cannabidiol for treating other diseases such as cancer. Once you have chosen your seller and landed on the website by clicking on the link, you will be able to search for the CBD product you want. Depending on your expectations and needs, the online shops offer you a wide range of products: Country: Poland English website: No Free shipping: Orders above €50 Greenhouse Coffeeshop is another French CBD store. It has a great collection of CBD flowers that are legal within the EU. Besides its online presence, Greenhouse Coffeeshop also has a physical store in Paris. exceptional reviews on Trustpilot and other user rating platforms. On its website, Nordicoil sells high-quality full-spectrum CBD oil, as well as CBD capsules, e-liquids, skin care and pet food. Some products of Nordicoil even have been added to pharmacies in Germany. Switzerland Cannical is a premium online cannabis store in Italy. It is offering a decent variety of products, including cannabis flowers, concentrates, oils, cosmetics and pet food. Its mission is to ensure that all adults in Europe have access to high quality and healthy medical cannabis products and accessories at a price that’s honest and affordable. Aside from the company’s online shop, Cannical runs an in-house cannabis blog to inform and educate about all things related to cannabis and CBD. exceptional reviews on Trustpilot and other user rating platforms. On its website, Nordicoil sells high-quality full-spectrum CBD oil, as well as CBD capsules, e-liquids, skin care and pet food. Yes Free shipping : Orders above €150 Sirius is a well-known cannabis brand in the Netherlands. Aside from a very decent CBD shop, Sirius is popular for its cannabis seeds and its smart shop. In contrast to many other CBD vendors, Sirius has several physical stores in the Netherlands. We’ve already covered the five best CBD oil companies of 2021. There are other CBD oil brands, however, that deserve mention before we wrap up: We noticed positive effects, and why it landed so high on the list despite the high cost it comes at. Customer Support Instead of linking to lab reports on product pages, Bluebird provides them all on a single page, making it difficult to access the report you’re looking for. This brand breaks its third-party lab results into multiple sections, making the process a bit more confusing. However, there are quite a few different third-party lab test providers on the market, and some are less independent than they seem. In addition to making sure that products were tested, we also looked at which company provided the lab tests for each of the hemp brands we examined.

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The impact of epidural analgesia compared to systemic opioid-based analgesia with regard to length of hospital stay and recovery of bowel function: retrospective evaluation of 1555 patients undergoing thoracotomy | Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery | Full Text Skip to main content Advertisement Search Explore journals Get published About BMC My account Search all BMC articles Search Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Home About Articles Submission Guidelines Download PDF Research article Open Access Published: 23 November 2014 The impact of epidural analgesia compared to systemic opioid-based analgesia with regard to length of hospital stay and recovery of bowel function: retrospective evaluation of 1555 patients undergoing thoracotomy Sandra Kampe1, Gerhard Weinreich2, Christopher Darr1, Kolja Eicker1, Georgios Stamatis3 & Thomas Hachenberg4 Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery volume 9, Article number: 175 (2014) Cite this article 3143 Accesses 11 Citations Metrics details Abstract Background To assess the protocols of epidural analgesia versus systemic opioid-based analgesia retrospectively in 1555 thoracotomies in our thoracic centre during 2011–2013. Methods Pain therapy is aggressive and standardized in our thoracic centre thoughout the complete postoperative stay. Patients receive either standardized epidural analgesia with ropivacaine + sufentanil 4–8 mls/h (500 mls bag) and are bridged when the epidural bag is finished to a standardized controlled-release oxycodone protocol with non opioid every 6 hours (EDA Group), or patients receive immediately postoperative standardized oral analgesic protocol with controlled-released oxycodone and non opioid every 6 h (Opioid Group). All patients are visited daily by a pain specialist throughout the whole stay. Results Data of 1555 thoracotomies from 2011-2013 were analysed, 838 patients in the EDA Group and 717 patients in the Opioid Group. There was no difference with regard to sex or age between groups. 7.5% of patients in the EDA Group and 13% in the Oxy Group had a preexisting pain therapy (p = 0.001). In the EDA Group epidural analgesia was performed for 4.6 ± 1.5 days. Length of hospital stay was the same in both groups (EDA: 9.9.6 ± 4.9 vs Opioid: 9.6 ± 5.8 days). 84.7% of patients in the EDA Group and 79.1% of patients of the Oxy Group were dismissed with oral opioid (p < 0.004). When patients were dismissed with opioid medication patients in the EDA Group were dismissed with higher oxycodone opioid doses than patients in the Opioid Group (29.5 ± 15.2 mg vs 26.9 ± 15.2 mg, p = 0.01). There was no difference with regard to dejection time between the two groups (EDA: 3.8 ± 2.2 days vs Opioid: 3.7 ± 1.6 days, n.s.). Conclusion We first present data monitoring postoperative analgesic protocols after thoracotomies throughout the whole stay in hospital until dismission. Our retrospective data indicate that patients with epidural analgesia stay as long in hospital as patients with systemic opioid based therapy. Patients with initial epidural analgesia are dismissed with higher oxycodone opioid doses than patients with initial opioid based postoperative analgesia. We found no difference in recovery of bowel function. Study limitations The study design is retrospectively and results might be biased. Peer Review reports Background Pain after thoracic surgery is supposed to be one of the most recognized pain syndrome associated with a specific procedure [1]. To date regional anesthesia is recommended for postoperative analgesia after thoracotomy [1]-[4]. Besides many advantages, such as positive influence on postoperative pulmonary morbidity [5], postoperative epidural analgesia after thoracotomy is supposed to faster postoperative recovery [6],[7] and earlier restitution of bowel function than with opioid-based systemic postoperative analgesia [8],[9]. We recently showed that an aggressive systemic pain therapy can be very effective after anteroaxillary thoracotomy [10] and that epidural analgesia is not superior to systemic pain therapy with regard to establishing neuropathic or chronic postthoracotomy pain [11]. Pain therapy is consequent and standardized in our thoracic centre thoughout the complete postoperative stay. Patients receive either standardized epidural analgesia and are bridged when the epidural bag is finished to a standardized controlled-release oxycodone protocol, or patients receive immediately postoperative standardized oral analgesic protocol with controlled-released oxycodone and non opioid every 6 h. All patients are visited daily by a pain specialist throughout the whole stay. The purpose of the present study was to assess the protocols of epidural analgesia and systemic analgesia retrospectively in 1555 thoracotomies during 2011-2013 with regard to length of postoperative hospital stay, recovery of bowel function and opioid dose on dismission from hospital. Methods After obtaining local research committee approval (University of Essen, Chairperson Prof. Havers) we investigated the postoperative pain therapy protocols of our thoracotomy patients during January 2011 until March 2013. All patients underwent thoracotomy in balanced or total intravenous anesthesia. The serratus muscle was not cut, but spread. At the end of surgery two 24 CH soft chest tubes were placed and the thoracic cavum was closed with three pericostal sutures. Since 2009 pain therapy is standardized in our thoracic center. If a thoracic epidural catheter (Braun MelsungenR) is inserted, it is placed before induction of anesthesia at thoracic level 5/6 or 6/7. After administering the test dose of 3 mls bupivacaine 0.25% the continuous epidural infusion is commenced at 4-8 mls/h (EDA Group). The standard epidural drug combination is ropivacaine 0.2% +0.75 μg/ml sufentanil (500 mls bag). Half an hour before the end of the surgical procedure all patients receive 2.5 g of IV dipyrone. Dipyrone is a non-opioid analgesic frequently used in the perioperative setting in Germany. After extubating the trachea patients without epidural catheter receive IV piritramide at the discretion of the anesthetist (Opioid Group). Piritramide is an opioid commonly used in Germany with approximately 0.7 times the potency of morphine. Patients are admitted to the intensive care unit for one night and receive 1 g of dipyrone every 6 hours and IV piritramide bolus doses when NRS (numeric rating scale, 0 = no pain up to 10 = worst pain imaginable) is >3. If patients have epidurals, the EDA is continued at 4-6 mls/h. If epidural analgesia is not effective, patients are switched to systemic analgesia before dismission from intensive care unit. After discharge from the intensive care unit the systemic pain therapy patients receive controlled-release oxycodone/oxycodone with naloxone (Opioid Group) 30-0-20 mg, and from the 2nd day on ward 20-0-10 mg and IV dipyrone 1 g every 6 h. If the NRS is >4 IV rescue medication (IV parecoxib 40 mg) is administered. On the ward continuous epidural analgesia is continued with the 500 mls ropivacaine 0.2% +0.75 μg/ml sufentanil bag (EDA Group) and IV dipyrone 1 g every 6 h. On the second day on ward IV dipyrone 1 g is oralized to 0.5 g dipyrone 4 times daily. The epidurals are continued on 4-8 mls/h until the 500 mls bag is finished and patients are then patients are bridged to a standardized controlled-release oxycodone protocol with controlled-release oxycodone/oxycodone with naloxone 20-0-10 mg per day and oral dipyrone. During their stay in hospital all patients are visited daily by a pain specialized anesthetist and pain medication is adjusted to the state of recovery. Moreover numeric rating scale (NRS) at rest and on coughing are documented by the nurses on the wards every 6 h, implicating that the rescue medication (parecoxib 40 mg IV) has been administered by the nurse when NRS scores >3 at rest and >5 on coughing. Thirty min after administration of rescue medication the NRS has to be re-assessed. If pain score is again >5 on coughing, the nurse has to contact the anesthetist responsible for postoperative pain therapy. It is standardized in our thoracic centre that all patients (both analgesic regimens) receive macrogel 13 g three times a day orally from day 1 on ward. We assessed our 2 analgesic protocols retrospectively for 1555 thoracotomies from 2011-2013. Surgeons decide on the time of discharge of patients from our hospital. All variables were analyzed by methods of descriptive statistics (frequency, mean ± standard deviation, range). Differences between groups were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney-U test and differences in proportions were statistically evaluated by using chi-square test. Statistical significance was determined at the p < 0.05 level. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 20.0 statistical package. Results Data of 1555 major thoracotomies from 2011-2013 were analyzed, 838 patients in the EDA Group and 717 patients in the Opioid Group (Table 1). In the Opioid Group 414 patients received controlled-release oxycodone alone, and 303 patients received controlled-release oxycodone combined with naloxone. The 1555 thoracotomies were in detail 46 pneumonectomies (Table 2), 28 bilobectomies (Table 3), 562 lobectomies (Table 4), 213 segmental resections (Table 5), 459 wedge resections (Table 6), 21 lung volume reductions (Table 7), 60 pleurectomies (Table 8), and 176 various procedures (Table 9). There was no difference with regard to sex or age between the EDA and the Opioid Group (Table 1) except the patient population undergoing pleurectomy (Table 8). More male patients received a pleurectomy than female patients (90% vs 60%, p = 0.007, Table 8). Within the 1555 thoracotomies more patients in the Opioid Group had a preexisting pain therapy than in the EDA Group (EDA: 7.5% vs Opioid Group13%, p < 0.001. Table 1). Regarding the bilobectomy procedure more patients in the EDA Group had a pre-existing pain therapy than patients in the Opioid Group (100% vs. 30%, p < 0.04, Table 3) and regarding the lobectomy procedure, more patients in the Opioid Group than in the EDA Group had a pre-existing pain therapy (13.8% vs 6.4%, p = 0.004, Table 4). In the EDA Group epidural analgesia was performed for 4.6 ± 1.5 days (Table 1). Hospital stay was the same in both groups (EDA: 9.9 ± 4.9 vs Oxy: 9.6 ± 5.8 days, not significant, Table 1). Only in patients undergoing pleurectomy hospital stay was shorter in the EDA Group (EDA Group: 10.8 ± 5.1 vs Opioid Group 13.3 ± 8.4 days, p < 0.01, Table 8). 84.7% of patients in the EDA Group and 79.1% of patients of the Opioid Group were dismissed with oral opioid (p < 0.004, Table 1), and when patients were dismissed with opioid medication patients in the EDA Group were dismissed with higher oxycodone opioid doses than patients in the Opioid Group (29.5 ± 15.2 mg vs 26.9 ± 15.2 mg, p = 0.01, Table 1). There was no difference with regard to recovery of bowel function between the two groups (EDA: 3.8 ± 2.2 days vs Oxy: 3.7 ± 1.6 days, n.s.). Table 1 Characteristics of patients undergoing thoracotomy (n = 1555) Full size table Table 2 Characteristics of patients undergoing pneumectomy (n = 46) Full size table Table 3 Characteristics of patients undergoing bilobectomy (n = 28) Full size table Table 4 Characteristics of patients undergoing lobectomy (n = 562) Full size table Table 5 Characteristics of patients undergoing segmental resection (n = 213) Full size table Table 6 Characteristics of patients undergoing wedge excision, metastasectomy, bullectomy, and tumor extirpation (n = 459) Full size table Table 7 Characteristics of patients undergoing LVR - lung volume reduction - (n = 21) Full size table Table 8 Characteristics of patients undergoing pleurectomy (n = 60) Full size table Table 9 Characteristics of patients undergoing various procedures (n = 166) Full size table Discussion To our knowledge up to now no data are available with regard to postoperative recovery until dismission after having undergone thoracotomy. We retrospectively compared our two analgesic protocols in 1555 patients who were visited daily from a pain specialist and found no difference in recovery of bowel function (time of first dejection). First time of dejection was overall the fourth postoperative day. Epidural analgesia is supposed to earlier restitution of bowel function than opioid-based systemic postoperative analgesia [8],[9]. However, these systematic review data are based on data on abdominal surgery. Our data cannot confirm the superiority of thoracic epidural analgesia compared to postoperative opioids regarding bowel function. To our knowledge, no data of randomized controlled trials comparing epidurals and opioids on postoperative recovery after thoracotomy are available up to now. Our retrospective data indicate that patients with epidural analgesia stay as long in hospital as patients with initial systemic opioid-based therapy. There is only a mild tendency to a shorter hospital stay in the epidural group in patients with “smaller” surgical procedures, e.g. in the metastasectomy subgroup or in the pleurectomy subgroup. In all other surgical procedures such as lobectomies, bilobectomies, segmental resections with a greater resection of parenchyma no difference in hospital stay could be detected, although epidural analgesia in general is supposed to “catalyze” recovery [6],[7]. We cannot confirm these data. Again the current evicence is not based on randomized controlled trials. We suppose that the most influencing factor on postoperative recovery is, assuming that effective postoperative analgesia is provided, the surgical experience and management of the patient. However, regarding literature there is strong evidence that pulmonary outcome is better in thoracic surgery if patients have epidurals [5]. We cannot confirm these data from 1998 either. We explain our good results with the consequent analgesic protocols for both groups until dismission from hospital and our intensive monitoring of pain therapy until dismisssion. To our knowledge, we first described an “aggressive” systemic analgesic regimen in patients undergoing thoracotomy [10],[11]. More male than female patients underwent a pleurectomy. This is most likely due to the fact that the pleura mesothelioma is diagnosed more often in male patients. We assume that this difference in demographic data do not compromise our results. Our results regarding pre-existing pain therapy and the choose of the analgesic regimens are quite inhomogeously. In all 1555 thoracotomies more patients in the Opioid Group had a preexisting pain therapy than in the EDA Group. Regarding the bilobectomy procedure more patients in the EDA Group had a pre-existing pain therapy than patients in the Opioid Group and regarding the lobectomy procedure, more patients in the Opioid Group than in the EDA Group had a pre-existing pain therapy. One would have expected that more epidurals are placed in patients with pre-existing pain therapy. However, these results underline that our both analgesic protocols are effective. We found that more patients in the EDA Group than in the Opioid Group are dismissed with oral opioid, and when patients are dismissed with opioid medication, patients in the EDA Group are dismissed with higher opioid doses than patients in the Opioid Group. This finding underlines the fact that thoracic surgery needs multimodal analgesic concepts not only in the first postoperative period, but also until dismission from hospital. We present retrospective data in our observational study. Of course, these data might be biased. We tried to reduce potential biases in patient selection by detailed subgroup analysis. Patients undergoing a metastasectomy e.g. have mostly no compromised lung function, they differ from patients undergoing a lung volume reduction e.g. with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, mostly GOLD IV with oxygen therapy. However, there might be a tendency in our department to recommend epidural analgesia to the patients when the lung function is compromised and/or an extended resection of lung parenchyma is planned. More randomized controlled trials with strong inclusion criteria are needed to compare the influence of epidurals on the outcome after thoracic surgery. Conclusion We assessed the protocols of epidural analgesia and systemic analgesia retrospectively in 1555 thoracotomies during 2011-2013 with regard to length of postoperative hospital stay, recovery of bowel function and opioid dose on dismission from hospital. We found no superiority of epidural analgesia. We explain our finding with the consequent analgesic protocols for both groups until dismission from hospital. Our findings underline the fact that thoracic surgery needs multimodal analgesic concepts not only in the first postoperative period, but also until dismission from hospital. Authors’ contributions Sk was responsible for the study and drafted the manuscript. CD performed the data collection and preparation of the data base. KE performend the clinical investigations. GW carried out the statistical analysis. GS supported KE in performing the cloinical investigations. TH participated in the design of the study and supported Sk in drafting the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript. Abbreviations EDA: Epidural analgesia IV: Intravenously NRS: Numeric rating scale POD: Postoperative day References 1. Gottschalk A, Cohen SP, Yang S, Ochroch EA: Preventing and treating pain after thoracic surgery. Anesthesiology. 2006, 104: 594-600. 10.1097/00000542-200603000-00027. Article PubMed Google Scholar 2. Meierhenrich R, Hock D, K hn S, Baltes E, Muehling B, Muche R, Georgieff M, Gorsewski G: Analgesia and pulmonary function after lung surgery: is a single intercostal nerve block plus patient-controlled intravenous morphine as effective as patient-controlled epidural anaesthesia? A randomised non-inferiority clinical trial. Br J Anaesth. 2011, 106 (4): 580-589. 10.1093/bja/aeq418. CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar 3. Joshi GP, Bonnet F, Shah R, Wilkinson RC, Camu F, Fischer B, Neugebauer EA, Rawal N, Schug SA, Simanski C, Kehlet H: A systematic review of randomised trials evaluating regional techniques for postthoracotomy analgesia. Anesth Analg. 2008, 107 (3): 1026-1040. 10.1213/01.ane.0000333274.63501.ff. CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar 4. Davies RG, Myles PS, Graham JM: A comparison of the analgesic efficacy and side effects of paravertebral vs epidural blockade for thoracotomy - a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Br J Anaesth. 2006, 96 (4): 418-426. 10.1093/bja/ael020. CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar 5. Ballantyne JC, Carr DB, de Ferranti S, Suarez T, Lau J, Chalmers TC, Angelillo IF, Mosteller F: The comparative effects of postoperative analgesic therapies on pulmonary outcome: cumulative meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials. Anesth Analg. 1998, 86: 598-612. CAS PubMed Google Scholar 6. Gregor JI, Schwenk W, Mall J, Kilian M, Spies C, Bloch A, Müller JM, Rückert JC: “Fast-track” rehabilitation in thoracic surgery. First experience with a multimodal, interdisciplinary, and proven perioperative treatment course. Chirurg. 2008, 79 (7): 657-664. 10.1007/s00104-008-1533-7. CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar 7. Campos JH: Fast track in thoracic anesthesia and surgery. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2009, 22 (1): 1-3. 10.1097/ACO.0b013e32831a43dc. Article PubMed Google Scholar 8. Nashimori M, Ballantyne JC, Low JHS: Epidural pain relief versus opioid-based pain relief for abdominal surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006, 3: CD 005059- Google Scholar 9. Jorgensen H, Wetterslev J, Moiniche S, Dahl JB. Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid-based analgesic regimens on postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis, PONV and pain after abdominal surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002 (4): CD 001893. 10. Kampe S, Lüttecke D, Wolter K, Cheufou D, Stamatis G: Minimal incidence of chronis and neuropathic postthoracotomy pain after anteroaxillary thoracotomy with consequent systemic pain therapy. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2014, 31: 1-3. online published October 2013 Google Scholar 11. Kampe S, Lohmer J, Weinreich G, Hahn M, Stamatis G, Welter S: Epidural analgesia is not superiour to systemic postoperative analgesia with regard to preventing chronic or neuropathic pain after thoracotomy. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2013, 8: 127-10.1186/1749-8090-8-127. Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Download references Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the anesthesiologist of the Department of Anesthesiology, Ruhrlandklinik Essen, West German Lung Center, for their support in establishing analgesic concepts in the postoperative period. Author information Affiliations Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ruhrlandklinik, West German Lung Center – University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Tüschener Weg 40, Essen, 45239, Germany Sandra Kampe, Christopher Darr & Kolja Eicker Department of Pneumology, Ruhrlandklinik, West German Lung Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany Gerhard Weinreich Department of Thoracic Surgery and Thoracic Endoscopy, Ruhrlandklinik, West German Lung Center – University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany Georgios Stamatis Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany Thomas Hachenberg Authors Sandra Kampe View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Gerhard Weinreich View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Christopher Darr View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Kolja Eicker View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Georgios Stamatis View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Thomas Hachenberg View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Corresponding author Correspondence to Sandra Kampe. Additional information Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Rights and permissions This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Reprints and Permissions About this article Cite this article Kampe, S., Weinreich, G., Darr, C. et al. The impact of epidural analgesia compared to systemic opioid-based analgesia with regard to length of hospital stay and recovery of bowel function: retrospective evaluation of 1555 patients undergoing thoracotomy. J Cardiothorac Surg 9, 175 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-014-0175-8 Download citation Received: 05 August 2014 Accepted: 28 October 2014 Published: 23 November 2014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-014-0175-8 Share this article Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative Keywords Major thoracic surgery Postoperative analgesia Epidural analgesia Oxycodone Hospital stay Bowel function Download PDF Download ePub Advertisement Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery ISSN: 1749-8090 Contact us Submission enquiries: Access here and click Contact Us General enquiries: info@biomedcentral.com Read more on our blogs Receive BMC newsletters Manage article alerts Language editing for authors Scientific editing for authors Policies Accessibility Press center Support and Contact Leave feedback Careers Follow BMC BMC Twitter page BMC Facebook page BMC Weibo page By using this website, you agree to our Terms and Conditions, California Privacy Statement, Privacy statement and Cookies policy. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre.

Association between older age and outcome after cardiac surgery: a population-based cohort study | Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery | Full Text Skip to main content Advertisement Search Explore journals Get published About BMC My account Search all BMC articles Search Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Home About Articles Submission Guidelines Download PDF Research article Open Access Published: 18 November 2014 Association between older age and outcome after cardiac surgery: a population-based cohort study Wei Wang1, Sean M Bagshaw1,2,5, Colleen M Norris1,3,4, Rami Zibdawi3, Mohamad Zibdawi1,2 & Roderick MacArthur1 for the APPROACH Investigators Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery volume 9, Article number: 177 (2014) Cite this article 4918 Accesses 24 Citations Metrics details Abstract Objective Octogenarians (aged ≥ 80 years) are increasingly being referred for cardiac surgery. We aimed to describe the morbidity, mortality, and health services utilization of octogenarians undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Methods Retrospective population-based cohort study of adult patients receiving elective cardiac surgery between January 1 2004 and December 31 2009. Primary exposure was age ≥80 years. Outcomes were 30-day, 1- and 5-year mortality, post-operative complications, and ICU/hospital lengths of stay. Multi-variable logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to explore the association between older age and outcome. Results Of 6,843 patients receiving cardiac surgery, 544 (7.9%) were octogenarians. There was an increasing trend in the proportion of octogenarians undergoing surgery during the study period (0.3% per year, P = 0.073). Octogenarians were more likely to have combined procedures (valve plus coronary artery bypass or multiple valves) compared with younger strata (p < 0.001). Crude 30-day, 1-year and 5-year mortality for octogenarians were 3.7%, 10.8% and 29.0%, respectively. Compared to younger strata, octogenarians had higher adjusted 30-day (OR 4.83, 95%CI 1.30-17.92; P = 0.018) and 1-year mortality (OR 4.92; 95% CI, 2.32-10.46. P<0.001). Post-operative complications were more likely among octogenarians. Octogenarians had longer post-operative stays in ICU and hospital, and higher rates of ICU readmission (P < 0.001 for all). After multi-variable adjustment, age ≧ 80 years was an independent predictor of death at 30-days and 1 year. Conclusions Octogenarians are increasingly referred for elective cardiac surgery with more combined procedures. Compared to younger patients, octogenarians have a higher risk of post-operative complications, consume greater resources, and have worse but acceptable short and long-term survival. Peer Review reports Background Population aging is a global phenomenon with significant implications for health care systems in the developed world. In 2012, over 5.2 million people in Canada were aged over 65 years, representing 14.9% of total population. Of these, approximately 1.4 million (4.2% of total population) were octogenarians (aged ≥80 years) [1]. Associated with this increasingly older population, the demand for surgery, in particular cardiac surgery, is expected to markedly increase [2],[3]. Prior studies evaluating the course and outcomes of older patient receiving cardiac surgery have notable limitations, including being relatively small, only investigating certain type or types of cardiac procedures, failing to include adjusted analyses of outcomes relative to younger age strata, and reporting only on short-term outcomes [4]-[7]. We hypothesized that octogenarians undergoing cardiac surgery would have higher perioperative mortality and complication rates and consume greater health resources. Our objectives were to describe the population-based short-term and long-term mortality, major morbidity, and health services utilization in patients aged ≥80 years undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Methods The study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Board at the University of Alberta prior to commencement. The requirement for written consent was waived. Study design, setting, population This was a retrospective population-based cohort study performed at the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (MAHI), University of Alberta (Edmonton, Canada) between January 1 2004 and December 31 2009. The MAHI is the only referral center for adult cardiac surgery in northern Alberta. There are nine adult cardiac surgeons at the MAHI performing approximately 1100–1200 adult open cardiac surgery procedures annually (excluding heart transplant, lung transplant, and mechanical assist device implantation). All adult patients receiving elective cardiac surgery were potentially eligible. We excluded those patients receiving heart and lung transplantation, emergent cardiac surgery, mechanical assist device implantation and those aged less than 18 years. Octogenarians were defined by an age ≥80 years according to their age on the day of surgery. For the purpose of analyses, the entire cohort was categorized into four age strata: 18–49 years, 50–64 years, 65–79 and ≥80 years, respectively. Study protocol Patients were identified by interrogation of the Alberta Provincial Project for Outcome Assessment in Coronary Heart Disease (APPROACH)) registry. The APPROACH registry prospectively captures detailed clinical information on adult patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) investigated in the province of Alberta (more information can be found at http://www.approach.org/). Patients entered into the registry are longitudinally followed after cardiac catheterization for all cardiac-specific investigations, interventions (i.e. percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] or coronary artery bypass grafting surgery [CABG]) and outcomes. Data elements in the registry include socio-demographic features (i.e. age, sex), cardiovascular risk factors and co-morbidities (i.e. hypertension, dyslipidemia, stroke, congestive heart failure (CHF), chronic pulmonary disease, end stage kidney disease (ESKD) on dialysis, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), diabetes mellitus, liver and gastrointestinal disease, malignancy), coronary anatomy as defined by the Duke Index [8], left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), prior thrombolytic therapy, prior myocardial infarction (MI), prior CABG surgery, and prior angioplasty. In addition, the registry also captures several peri-operative variables specific for cardiac surgery (i.e. procedure type, cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp time, use of intra-operative balloon pump [IABP]) and surgery specific complications and outcomes. Quarterly merges of the APPROACH registry with the Bureau of Vital Statistics was used for ascertainment of vital status. Operational definitions Post-operative major bleeding was defined as blood loss from chest tubes greater than 400 ml × 1 hr or 300 ml × 2 hrs or 200 ml × 3 hrs. Surgical wound infection was defined as purulent discharge from sternal wounds and/or positive culture results from blood, urine, sputum/lungs and incisions. Cardiac arrest was defined as a recorded cardiac arrest or pulseless electric arrest (PEA) in the post-operative period that required cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Heart block was defined as second degree type 2 or third degree heart block occurring beyond post-operative day 3. Pulmonary complication was defined as post-operative ventilation time greater than 48 hours or need for re-intubation. Neurologic complication was defined as post-operative transient ischemic attack (TIA), stroke or seizure. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was defined as an increase of ≥50% in serum creatinine (Cr) from pre-operative baseline value, or post-operative urine output <0.5 ml/kg/hr x 12 hours. Statistical analysis The primary exposure of interest across all analyses was octogenarians (i.e. age ≥80 years). The outcomes were 30-day, 1-year and 5-year mortality, post-operative complications (i.e. bleeding, infection, neurologic events, pulmonary complications, AKI, atrial fibrillation, cardiac arrest, heart block) and health service utilization (ICU stay, hospital stay and ICU re-admission). Continuous data were reported as means ± standard deviations (SD) and were compared by Student’s t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) where appropriate. Categorical data were reported as proportions and compared using χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test where appropriate. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for 30-day and 1-year mortality in all patients with age strata. Initial covariates considered included sex, pre-operative co-morbid illnesses, procedure type, CPB and/or aortic cross clamp time, and post-operative complications. Data were presented as adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used for survival analysis. Cox regression analysis was used to explore the association of long-term mortality across age strata while controlling for potential confounding covariates. The associations were reported as hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CIs. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant for all comparisons. All analysis was performed by using IBM SSPS software. Results Of 7,302 patients receiving cardiac surgery during the study, 23 (0.3%) were excluded due to age <18 years; 384 (5.3%) excluded due to emergent surgery, and 52 (0.7%) excluded due to missing data on the primary outcome. (Figure 1) The final cohort comprised of 6,843 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Of these, 752 (11.0%) were aged between 18 to 49 years; 2,500 (36.5%) between 50 to 64 years; 3,047 (44.5%) between 65 to 79 years and 544 (7.9%) were aged ≥80 years. The median (range) age of those ≥80 years was 82.5 years (80.0-92.1), with 19.1% (n = 104) ≥85 years and 1.3% (n = 7) ≥90 years, respectively. Linear regression showed a trend for a greater proportion of patients aged ≥80 years receiving cardiac surgery during the study period (estimated relative annual increase 3%; P = 0.073) (Figure 2). Figure 1 Flow diagram of study patients. Full size image Figure 2 Annual proportions of octogenarians receiving cardiac surgery within the study period. Full size image Baseline characteristics Octogenarians had higher prevalence of hypertension, prior MI, CHF, stroke, and malignancy when compared with younger strata (Table 1). Octogenarians had lower prevalence of ESKD and had lower BMI values when compared with younger groups. Octogenarians were also less likely to be undergoing re-operation. Table 1 Pre-operative characteristics and type of surgery across the four age strata Full size table Surgery type Octogenarians were more likely to undergo combined cardiac procedures, in particular aortic value replacement and coronary artery bypass, when compared with younger strata. This was associated with comparatively longer durations of CPB and aortic cross-clamp (Table 1). Mortality Crude 30-day, 1-year and 5-year mortality for octogenarians were 3.7%, 10.8% and 29.0%, respectively. The OR of adjusted 30-day and 1-year mortality in octogenarians were 4.83 (95% CI 1.30-17.92, P = 0.018) and 4.92 (95%CI 2.32-10.46, P < 0.001), respectively (referent group 18–49 years). Post-operative complications Octogenarians had significant higher risk for all major post-operative complications (bleeding, infection, neurologic events, pulmonary complications, AKI, atrial fibrillation, cardiac arrest, heart block). Octogenarians also had higher utilization of post-operative continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and a trend for higher utilization of peri-operative IABP (Table 2). Table 2 Post-operative complications and health service utilization Full size table Health service utilization Octogenarians had longer durations of stay in ICU and hospital (Table 2). Octogenarians were also considerably more likely to require ICU readmission. The crude 30-day, 1-year and 5-year mortality in octogenarians who had cardiovascular surgical ICU (CVICU) re-admission were 10.2%, 40.8% and 59.2%. The likelihood of not being discharged home or to a skilled nursing facility was higher for octogenarians (Table 2). Factors associated with 30-day, 1-year and 5-year mortality In multi-variable analysis, age ≥80 years was independently associated with increased risk of death at 30 days (adjusted OR 4.83, 95% CI 1.30-17.92, P = 0.0018) and at 1-year (adjusted OR 4.92, 95% CI 2.32-10.46, P < 0.001) (Tables 3 and 4). Table 3 Significant independent predictive variables for 30-day mortality by multivariate logistic regression analysis Full size table Table 4 Significant independent predictive variables for 1-year mortality by multivariate logistic regression analysis Full size table Age ≥80 years was the strongest independent factor affecting long-term survival (hazard ratio [HR] 5.30, 95% CI 3.70-7.59, P < 0.001) (Table 5; Figure 3). While procedure type was not independently associated with short or mid-term mortality; those receiving combined procedures had worse long term survival. Table 5 Significant risk factors for long-term survival by Cox regression analysis Full size table Figure 3 Kaplan-Meier survival curve for long-term survival. Full size image Discussion We performed a large population-based cohort study evaluating the incidence, clinical course, outcomes and health utilization of octogenarians undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Key findings Our study had several notable findings. Firstly, the proportion of octogenarians receiving cardiac surgery appears to be increasing. Secondly, octogenarians had significantly higher short and long-term mortality compared with younger patients after adjustment for relevant confounders. Thirdly, octogenarians were more likely to require combined procedures, resulting in longer exposure to cardiopulmonary bypass. Moreover, despite octogenarians having fewer selected comorbid diseases (i.e. ESKD) or undergoing re-operation, the rate of post-operative complications, including ICU readmission, was considerably higher when compared with younger age strata. Finally, octogenarians had markedly longer durations of stay in ICU and hospital and were far less likely to return home after surgery. Strengths and limitations There are important limitations to our study. Firstly, our cohort was assembled from a single center’s experience in Canada, was retrospective, and considered only patients referred for elective surgery. This may limit the generalizability of our study and we recognize the process of selection of octogenarians for elective surgery may be variable within and across institutions and jurisdictions. However, our study utilizes a large catchment from a relatively isolated geographical region of Canada, our cohort was relatively large with complete ascertainment of long-term vital status, and we utilized the high fidelity data prospectively captured with the APPROACH database. Secondly, while we were able to capture hospital discharge disposition and long-term vital status, we were unable to describe quality-adjusted survival or perform more formal cost analyses associated with elective cardiac surgery in octogenarians. Interpretation and context with prior literature Owing to the demographic change worldwide, the relative proportion of older persons is increasing. Data from Australia and New Zealand demonstrated a 5.6% annual increase of octogenarians admitted to ICU [9]. It is not surprising that elderly patients are more commonly referred to cardiac surgery. In fact, the average age for patients undergoing isolated CABG has increased from 55.8 (1990) to 68.6 year (2007) in Germany [10]. In large observational studies, Bhamidipati et al. and Alexander et al. reported 6.7-7.0% of all patients undergoing cardiac surgeries were aged ≥80 years. In our study cohort, the rate of octogenarians was modestly higher at 7.9%. Precise estimates of the numbers of octogenarians receiving cardiac surgery and their course are vital for resource planning, as our study has clearly shown these patients have longer more complicated post-operative stays that consumer greater resources that will likely impact cardiac surgical capacity and throughput. Although there was no previous data demonstrating the trend of octogenarians undergoing cardiac surgery, our study showed a small but steady annual increase in the number of octogenarians receiving surgery. As aging is a global phenomenon involved both developed and developing countries, we believe this trend of increasing numbers of octogenarians undergoing cardiac surgery would be evidenced by all high volume cardiac surgery centres in the near future. As a consequence of older patient referral for cardiac surgery, cardiac pathology is often more considerable. Indeed, we found 36.3% of octogenarians received combined cardiac procedures (predominantly AVR and CABG), which is among the highest rates compared to previous studies [10]-[12] and associated with longer CPB and aortic cross clamp time. It is not surprising that octogenarians with more complex procedures have higher risk for major post-operative complications and consequently greater health service utilization (i.e. longer hospital stay, higher ICU re-admission and greater utilization of organ support) and overall costs. Cox regression analysis also suggested combined surgery was associated with worse long term survival. This will present a challenge for cardiac surgical programs to maintain capacity and accommodate the growing demand of this demographic coupled with their higher resource utilization. It is likely that improved and transparent mechanisms for risk assessment and prioritization are needed. One concern with increasing numbers of octogenarians undergoing more combined cardiac surgery is the high operational mortality. Operating on this specific demographic is not only a challenge to cardiac surgeons but also a challenge to cardiologists, anesthesiologists, CVICU intensivists, and the whole medical system [11]. Previous studies have shown that the in-hospital mortality in octogenarians undergoing isolated CABG, AVR and MVR were 6.8%-14.3% [5],[12]-[14], 4.5%-12.6% [6],[15]-[17], and 2.7%-18.5% [7],[18], respectively. In a multi-center retrospective study gathering data from 22 high volume cardiac centers in the United States, the reported in-hospital mortality rates for octogenarians after cardiac surgery were 8.1% for isolated CABG, 10.1% for combined CABG and AVR, and 19.6% for combined CABG and MVR [19]. In our study, despite more combined cardiac procedures and longer CPB/cross clamp time, the crude 30-day mortality was only 3.7%, and the 1-year and 5-year mortality were 10.8% and 29.0% among octogenarians, respectively. Although still significantly higher than patients of younger age groups, the short-term and long-term survival in octogenarians are better than previous studies. Indeed, the 29.0% 5-year mortality in octogenarians (mean age 83.1 years) undergoing cardiac surgery is lower than the 5-year estimated mortality of an average Canadian at age of 83 years (40.5% in male and 30.4% in female) [20]. These observations confirm that informed selection of older patients for cardiac surgery can translate into acceptable post-operative survival. Post-operative complications are a source of major morbidity and a driver of health resource use. Across the entire spectrum of complications, the rates are markedly higher among octogenarians [21]. While some occur commonly in the post-operative period, many translate into need for increased intensity of support, downstream morbidity and disability. Indeed, post-operative complications contribute to higher ICU readmission rates and longer durations of ICU and hospital stay. For those octogenarians requiring ICU readmission, in hospital death was 35% and only 41% were discharged home. In addition, post-operative complications were independently associated with 30-day and 1-year mortality. In our opinion, thoughtful patient selection is necessary to optimize post-operative outcomes, in particular in older patients. The vulnerability to less favorable outcomes after cardiac surgery may not be age-specific, but rather reflect “physiologic age”. Pre-operative risk assessment may need to consider the emerging concept of frailty as a modifying factor for post-operative course and outcome. Observational data have shown in patients undergoing cardiac surgery that frailty is an independent risk factor for post-operative complications, mortality and institutionalization, after adjusting for age [22]. In our study, we found that in addition to age ≥80 years, pre-operative low EF and pre-operative dialysis dependence were also significant independent risk factors predictive of 30-day mortality. These may be important additional variables to consider when constructing novel clinical risk assessment tools unique to older frail patients referred for surgery, as well as informed decision-making about undergoing surgery and appropriate resource planning. Conclusions The number of octogenarians referred for cardiac surgery is increasing. Age ≥80 years was associated with higher risk of post-operative complications and short and long-term mortality. Octogenarians also have greater post-operative health service utilization. While clinical outcomes may be acceptable with careful patient selection, these data should be utilized to better inform discussions about prognosis, recovery and ultimate resource planning. Authors’ contributions WW: Study design, data collecting and manuscript writing. SMB: Study design, statistical analysis and interpretation, and manuscript writing. CMN: Statistical analysis and interpretation. RZ: Data collecting. MZ: Study design and data collecting. RM: Study design and manuscript writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. References 1. Statistics Canada: Annual demographic estimates: Canada, provinces and territories 2012. 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Dr. Bagshaw holds a Canada Research Chair in Critical Care Nephrology and is a Clinical Investigator supported by Alberta Innovates – Health Solutions (AI-HS). Author information Affiliations Division of Cardiac Surgery, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Wei Wang, Sean M Bagshaw, Colleen M Norris, Mohamad Zibdawi & Roderick MacArthur Division of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Sean M Bagshaw & Mohamad Zibdawi Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Colleen M Norris & Rami Zibdawi Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Colleen M Norris Division of Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Sciences Building, 2-124E, 8440 - 112 Street, Edmonton, T6G 2B7, Alberta, Canada Sean M Bagshaw Authors Wei Wang View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Sean M Bagshaw View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Colleen M Norris View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Rami Zibdawi View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Mohamad Zibdawi View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Roderick MacArthur View author publications You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Consortia for the APPROACH Investigators Corresponding author Correspondence to Sean M Bagshaw. Additional information Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ original submitted files for images Below are the links to the authors’ original submitted files for images. Authors’ original file for figure 1 Authors’ original file for figure 2 Authors’ original file for figure 3 Rights and permissions Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Reprints and Permissions About this article Cite this article Wang, W., Bagshaw, S.M., Norris, C.M. et al. Association between older age and outcome after cardiac surgery: a population-based cohort study. J Cardiothorac Surg 9, 177 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-014-0177-6 Download citation Received: 29 May 2014 Accepted: 30 October 2014 Published: 18 November 2014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-014-0177-6 Share this article Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. 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joelklepper Benefits, Innovation, Market Dynamics, Medical Management, Physicians, Policy/Law/Regulation, Quality, Reform January 24, 2011 January 23, 2011 16 Minutes MIKE SEGAL and HEATHER SIEGEL MILLER On March 23, 2010, after a year of tumultuous debate, the Patient Protection and Accountable Care Act (“ACA”) was signed into law by President Obama. (1) ACA is the most significant legislation regarding healthcare since the passage of the Social Security Act of 1965, which established Medicare. For hospitals and physicians, ACA contains provisions designed to materially change the manner in which healthcare is delivered to Medicare and Medicaid patients and the way healthcare providers are compensated for such services. ACA authorizes, among other things, that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) create a program that, commencing January 1, 2012, will allow entities called “accountable care organizations,” or “ACOs,” to share savings obtained by Medicare from the budgeted costs of healthcare services to beneficiaries assigned to those ACOs. (2) ACO has become the latest and hottest “buzz” acronym in the healthcare industry. Yet many healthcare providers and their counsel do not clearly understand what an ACO is, why it is being discussed in every healthcare forum, why there seems to be a new ACO seminar every day and, perhaps most importantly, how one can be created in areas, like Florida, where fee-for-service medicine and independent physicians predominate. This article examines ACOs, discusses why they are a major focus of health reform, what has been learned from other healthcare integration initiatives, and the obstacles that many providers will face in creating an ACO. ACOs are organizations that integrate a group of healthcare providers with other facilities and members of the healthcare system, to provide care in a collaborative fashion for a defined population of patients. While the exact specifications of an ACO are left to the discretion of the secretary of Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”), ACOs require a significant amount of primary care physicians, and other physicians. While it is not absolutely necessary, most ACOs will include a hospital. In fact, hospitals will often be the driving force behind an ACO. The primary goal of an ACO – what ACA contemplates – is to control or lower healthcare costs while, at the same time, measurably improving the quality of healthcare. As more succinctly described (3): An ACO is a local health care organization that is accountable for 100 percent of the expenditures and care of a defined population of patients. Depending on the sponsoring organization, an ACO may include primary care physicians, specialists and, typically, hospitals, that work together to provide evidence-based care in a coordinated model. The three major foci of these organizations are: 1) Organization of all activities and accountability at the local level 2) Measurement of longitudinal outcomes and costs 3) Distribution of cost savings to ACO members Since 1960, healthcare costs in the United States have consistently grown faster than the overall economy and, as a percentage of gross national product (“GDP”), reached 17.3% in 2009. (4) This growth is not sustainable. From time to time there have been attempts to reform healthcare and to control the upward cost spiral. In recent years, experts have proposed using financial incentives to prompt physicians and hospitals to change how they are clinically organized and paid for services in order to improve healthcare quality and efficiency. (5) Recently, the increased ability of healthcare organizations to obtain and utilize meaningful data has made reform potentially more achievable. Currently, most of the country’s healthcare providers are compensated by insurance companies on a fee-for-service basis, which means that healthcare providers are paid for each service that they furnish to a patient. This payment structure has been challenged for many years by the federal government and healthcare “think tanks” as being undesirable. (6) In the 1990s, capitation, where providers offer services based on a set monthly payment per patient, was trumpeted throughout the country as the best way to control healthcare costs. Use of capitation has had checkered results. In most parts of the country its popularity has abated, largely because of the difficulties involved when providers accept risk, and the public perception that capitation means poorer healthcare. However, it may be that capitation, perhaps in a different, more modern and sophisticated dress, is about to make a big comeback under ACA! During the Bush Administration there were several Medicare demonstration and pilot projects that experimented with modifications and even elimination of fee-for-service remuneration. (7) In fact, managed care plans have already begun to pay physicians for services on the basis of performance – so-called “pay-for-performance” plans (8) – and hospitals have begun sharing cost reductions with physicians through “gain sharing”, which, subject to limitations, has been approved by the Office of Inspector General in several published opinions. (9) In 2009, a Massachusetts Special Commission Report (10) set forth in great detail the case against fee-for-service payments, decrying them as, among other things, rewarding overutilization of services; failing to recognize differences in provider quality or performance; encouraging the use of high-margin services rather than low-cost alternatives; failing to compensate for care coordination; basing payment on market leverage rather than healthcare value; and failing to align provider incentives. In addition, under the current fee-for-service model, healthcare providers are not encouraged to, or financially rewarded for, coordinating the overall care of patients. This often leads to services being duplicated, treatment plans conflicting, and the prescribing of medication being contraindicated. Because of the flaws of the fee-for-service model, reformers of the healthcare system have focused on creating integrated healthcare systems that can work together to manage the overall care of a patient. ACA contains many provisions designed to reinforce this movement away from fee-for-service and to compensate ACOs based on quality and efficiency through financial incentives. Critical to the new focus is the ability now, through electronic health records, to create meaningful data to better determine the quality of care being provided. Over the past decade, the majority of hospital and physician relationships (per-click leases, capitation, joint-ventures, employment arrangements, and under arrangements) were designed primarily to transfer income; physicians needed new sources of income to keep up with the rising costs of their medical practices. Although many of these independent partnerships exist today (and are still being formed), most are not structured with a principal goal to provide quality healthcare at a low cost. Not many healthcare organizations have been able to successfully coordinate the care of patients and improve the quality and efficiency of the healthcare services provided to such patients. Among the most commonly known collaborative healthcare organizations are Kaiser Permanente, the Mayo Clinic, the Cleveland Clinic and Geisinger Health Systems (collectively we will call these entities the “Integrated Systems”). A major stated goal of each of the Integrated Systems is to allow their healthcare providers to work together to improve the quality of care that they provide to their patients through employing physicians, understanding that a team approach is the cornerstone to providing efficient quality care, creating teams of specialists that collaborate in treating patients, implementing evidence based medicine treatments, and using a comprehensive health information system that integrates an electronic health record with the tools to support physicians in delivering evidence-based medicine. (11) Collaboration and integration between healthcare providers has allowed the Integrated Systems to share patient information and care, including the adoption of evidence based medicine, standards of care performed through the use of clinical protocols. (12) While there have been many efforts to promote integrated healthcare systems, the outcomes achieved by the Integrated Systems has proved difficult to imitate when hospitals and physicians operate independently and try to achieve such integration through capitation, joint ventures, or similar arrangements. From the success of the Integrated Systems and the failures of those who have tried to imitate them without fully integrating, the ACO emerged as a goal of healthcare reform. The ACO concept began with the observance of the Integrated Systems and networks similar to them where physicians and hospitals would function as a quasi-network and the patients treated within the particular network would stay within it for most of their care. With the acknowledgement that physicians affiliated with, but not necessary employed by, hospitals could work collaboratively in an organized system, President Obama began questioning “why places like the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota, the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio, and other institutions can offer the highest quality care at costs well below the national norm.” (13) He further suggested that “we need to learn from their successes and replicate those best practices across our country.” (14) In June 2009, the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (“MedPAC”), Congress’ Medicare-policy advisory arm, identified ACOs as a potential tool for restructuring traditional Medicare coverage to promote care coordination, increase quality and lower cost growth. (15) Under MedPAC’s recommendations, ACOs would be comprised of a group of physicians (possibly including a hospital or academic medical center) that would assume the risk of the costs of healthcare provided to Medicare patients and would be compensated through an arrangement that combines traditional fee-for-service payments with financial incentives to reduce costs, improve quality, and achieve greater information transparency. (16) MedPAC indicated that the success of this model would depend on the adoption of clear quality standards combined with a payment methodology that rewards quality while reducing current financial incentives for uncontrolled practice and volume expansion. However, changing the way providers practice is a daunting task when the underlying structures do not support such change and the cultural differences between physicians and between physicians and hospitals are vast. Collaboration under an ACO model not only requires that hospitals and physicians integrate contractually with a shared sense of purpose, but it also must include a seismic change in culture, which presents a massive challenge and, in any event, seldom occurs quickly. Because the ACO concept is new, its shape and substance will evolve over time as third party payors, hospitals, and physicians learn which model works best. However, it is clear that the success of any ACO will require cultural compatibility between the physicians and the hospitals and shared responsibility for clinical outcomes, financial incentives, and commitment to patient care. The integration between the physicians and hospitals will also need to focus on maximizing outcomes and financial performance associated with shared reimbursement. Further, with the emergence of the ACO and the focus on how to achieve the best quality outcomes as efficiently as possible, the variations in the structure of an ACO have broadened to include large multi-specialty groups, independent physician associations, and physician hospital organizations (“PHOs”). Regardless of the size or structure of an ACO, ACA provides that an ACO must, among other things: (a) have a formal legal structure, which includes the ability to receive and distribute payments among its members to promote shared savings; (b) be able to care for a minimum of 5000 Medicare beneficiaries; (c) enter into a three year contract with Medicare; (d) have meaningful primary care participation; and (e) practice evidence based medicine (i.e. clinical protocols); and have and utilize clinical and administrative systems that allow for reporting on quality and cost measures. (17) CMS will issue regulations (the “Regulations”) that will provide more detailed information regarding the requirements to obtain Medicare certified ACO status. It is currently expected that proposed Regulations will be published on or about mid-January 2011. Starting in 2013, CMS will begin to withhold 1% of each Medicare MS-DRG payment to fund an incentive pool. CMS will set quality standards, measuring such things as amount of patient readmissions. Top hospital performers relative to their peers may receive more than the hold back, while lower performers may receive less. The withhold will increase to 2% in 2018. Similarly, private payors are following suit with their own “pay-for-performance” models. For hospitals to be able to achieve financial success in this atmosphere, they need to find a way to work collaboratively with their medical staff, especially those who treat patients in the hospital, and will have to tighten controls on the post-acute care facilities where patients are often housed after surgery. It is thought that such actions will result in the best performing hospitals who will be the “winners” in the battle for the withheld funds. As an ACO, hospitals and their physicians will not just have to perform better, they will have to be transformed and develop a degree of coordination that is currently lacking in healthcare in many parts of the country, including Florida. Physicians generally operate with a high degree of professional autonomy, shying away from being controlled by hospitals or managed care companies, and many will resist partnering with hospitals and accepting responsibility for the care of all patients within a local delivery system. For most hospitals and health systems, payment incentives will have to be synchronized with the changes in the clinical side of the ACO. Much of the desired savings will be achieved by finding ways to keep patients out of the hospital and emergency rooms, and by being proactive to try to keep patients healthy. Primary care physicians, of which there is currently a severe shortage, will need to be the anchor of any ACO and reduce demand for specialists and in-patient services. Patient centered medical homes, where the focus is on proactive treatment of those with chronic diseases like diabetes by primary care physicians and affiliated professionals such as nurses and professional assistants, are being touted by CMS and others as a method of producing better care while controlling or reducing costs. (18) In some specialties, physicians benefit directly from the volume of services that they perform and the financial incentives offered under ACA may not fully offset the return that these physicians earn from such services. The incentive to constrain utilization and reduce the volume of services will also hinge on whether physicians face similar incentives from private payors. Further, in order for providers to receive the financial incentives, patient outcomes will have to improve, which will require patients to take an active interest in their own care. This can be a challenge when ACA does not require that a patient receive all of his or her care through a particular ACO. Even if all of this can be achieved in a relatively short amount of time, the creation of the technological infrastructure, administrative time, and managerial manpower needed to create and operate an ACO will require significant capital. Therefore, creating a successful ACO from scratch will certainly take time, and probably cannot be achieved by the end of 2011. In addition to these substantial hurdles, ACOs will have to comply with the federal anti-kickback laws and federal anti-trust laws. Payments within the ACOs could easily be considered a kickback if tied to the volume or value of referrals and powerful ACOs could raise competition issues. ACOs will have to avoid situations where The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) might reward an ACO’s performance but the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) hits the same ACO with an antitrust complaint. At an FTC workshop held in Baltimore on October 5, 2010 (the “Workshop”), FTC Chairman Jon Leibowitz announced that the FTC will develop antitrust safe harbors for ACOs, and an expedited review process for ACOs that do not qualify for those safe harbors. (19) In their joint Statements of Antitrust Enforcement Policy in Health Care (August 1996) (“Joint Statements”), the FTC and the Department of Justice set forth the concept that a physician network, even if it is not a single Tax ID/Medicare number group, can share financial healthcare information and jointly bargain with third party payors if the network is “clinically integrated.” At Section 8 of the Joint Statements it is stated that clinical integration requires the implementation of: … an active and ongoing program to evaluate and modify practice patterns by the network’s physician participants and create a high degree of interdependence and cooperation among the physicians to control costs and ensure quality. This program may include: (1) establishing mechanisms to monitor and control utilization of health care services that are designed to control costs and assure quality of care; (2) selectively choosing network physicians who are likely to further these efficiency objectives; and (3) the significant investment of capital, both monetary and human, in the necessary infrastructure and capability to realize the claimed efficiencies. (20) It is likely that the best indication as to what will be contained in the Regulations and the new antitrust safe harbors is contained in three Advisory Opinions issued by the FTC during the past eight years, each effectively concluding that, under the facts presented to it, the network met the definition of “clinical integration.” In fact, clinical integration is the key ingredient to a successful ACO, so much can be learned by reading these Advisory Opinions. The most recent and cogent of the Advisory Opinions, TriState Health Partners, Inc. (“TriState”), issued in April 2009, involved a physician-hospital organization based in Hagerstown, Maryland. (21) TriState was in effect a PHO, a joint venture between a physician network (with a large group of primary care physicians) and a hospital. In a 38 page opinion, the FTC concluded that TriState, “while still in the early stages of development in some respects, appeared to have the potential to create substantial integration among its participants, with the potential to produce significant efficiencies, including both improved quality and more cost-effective care (italics added).” While the discussion of the antitrust regulations in this Advisory Opinion is insightful, in this article our focus is on the manner in which TriState is structured and how it operates, as we believe it may be, in some respects, a guideline as to what will appear in the Regulations. TriState stated that its three major objectives were to: (a) facilitate and assure collaboration among its physician members, in order to improve the health of its patients and the delivery of services “resulting in the right care being rendered in the right setting at the right time;” (b) induce all with a stake in TriState, including physicians, hospitals, case managers, administrators, payors and patients, to engage in a “cohesive and comprehensive program of care management” that would result in better quality of care for patients while lowering costs for payors; and (c) allow TriState to offer a set of integrated services not available otherwise in the marketplace. (22) The TriState program included the following components, which were viewed favorably by the FTC and are highly likely to be material in creating a Medicare-certified ACO: Implementing a sophisticated health information technology system that all of the ACO physicians are required to use; Developing clinical practice guidelines and protocols and monitoring physicians to make certain they abide by them; Monitoring overutilization and underutilization of services by physicians; Developing, implementing, and overseeing policies and procedures related to utilization management, case management and disease management; Monitoring the achievement of physician performance targets, using peer, regional and national benchmarks, and making recommendations for both individual and group performance improvements, including report cards, peer counseling, and expulsion; and Requiring a financial commitment from each physician. Each TriState physician was also required to enter into a provider agreement, which requires each physician to: Participate in all TriState contracts (no opting out); Provide TriState with patient and treatment information deemed necessary to implement the TriState programs; Refer patients to other TriState physicians when medically appropriate (note that the allows patients the ability to choose their physicians, whether or not they are part of the ACO); Comply with all of TriState’s policies, procedures, rules and regulations; Be trained in, and use, TriState’s health information network; Assist TriState in completing quality, safety, and cost assessments; and Serve on TriState’s clinical integration oversight committees. It is likely that virtually all of the above will be required under the Regulations for a Medicare-certified ACO. It would be an understatement to say that there is serious ambiguity and confusion concerning the creation of an ACO, as many of the specific details are currently left to the discretion of HHS. Hopefully, the Regulations, when final, will provide clarity. Meanwhile, providers are gearing up to form ACO collaboratives and raising capital to purchase the technology necessary to achieve reliable, high quality patient care, achieve greater coordination and collaboration in the administrative processes, and create clinical protocols. At the Workshop, CMS Administrator Donald Berwick stated that the “triple aim” of integrated care is improving individual patient care, improving the health of communities, and lowering the cost of healthcare services without any diminution in quality. (23) The authors believe that, no matter what happens politically to ACA – even if it were to ultimately be repealed – the aims enunciated by Mr. Berwick are here to stay. Having a significant role and impact in an ACO in the future starts with laying the foundation today. 1) H.R. 3590, 111th Cong. 2009, “Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act,” Washington, DC: US Senate, 2009. 2) Id. 3) Deloitte. Accountable Care Organizations: A new model for sustainable innovations. Jan. 31, 2010. http://www.deloitte.com/assets/Dcom-UnitedStates/Local%20Assets/Documents/US_CHS_AccountableCareOrganizations_070610.pdf 4) A.M. Sisko, C.J. Truffey, S.P. Keehan, J. A. Posal, M.K. Clemens and A.J. Madison, “National Health Spending Projections: The Estimated Impact of Reform Through 2019,” Health Affairs, October 1, 2010. http://content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/content/abstract/29/10/1933 5) Shortell, Stephen M.; Casalino, Lawrence P., “Health Care Reform Requires Accountable Care Systems”, The Journal of American Medical Association, July 2, 2008. http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/extract/300/1/95. 6) Applewhite, Scott J., “Obama, Overtreatment Drives Health Care Costs”, npr.org. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=106859968; E. Werner, “Health care issues: Overutilization of care”, The Seattle Times, Sept. 25, 2009; Landers J., Health Care System Can Ill Afford to Continue With Fee-For-Service,” Dallas Morning News. July 21, 2010. http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/bus/columnists/jlanders/stories/DN-landers_21bus.ART.State.Edition1.3f68e50.html. 7) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Medicare Demonstrations; http://www.cms.gov/DemoProjectsEvalRpts/MD 8) Henley E., “Pay-For-Performance: What can you expect?,” The Journal of Family Practice. 2005;54(7): 609-612. http://www.jfponline.com/ccp_article.asp?a=1&ref=5407JFP_PracticeAlert; Press Release, Blue Cross BlueShield Association, “Highmark’s Pay-For-Performance Program Is Saving Lives And Health Care Dollars,” December 8, 2009. http://www.bcbs.com/news/plans/highmarks-pay4-performance-saves-lives-health-care-dollars.html. 9) See, e.g., OIG Advisory Opinion No. 07-21 (2007); http://oig.hhs.gov/fraud/docs/advisoryopinions/2007/AdvOpn07-21A.pdf; and OIG Advisory Opinion No. 07-22 (2007); http://oig.hhs.gov/fraud/docs/advisoryopinions/2007/AdvOpn07-22A.pdf 10) Massachusetts Special Commission Special Report: “Recommendations of the Special Commission on Health Care Payment System,” July 16, 2007. 11) See V. Fuhrman, Vanessa, “Replicating Cleveland Clinic’s Success Poses Major Challenges,” The Wall Street Journal, July 23, 2009; D. McCarthy, K. Mueller, and J. Wrenn, “Kaiser Permanente: Bridging the Quality Divide with Integrated Practice, Group Accountability, and Health Information Technology,” The Commonwealth Fund, June 2009 pub. 1278 Vol. 17; “Mayo Clinic: A Model for Service Success,” American Management Association, Sept. 2008. 12) Id. 13) The White House Office of the Press Secretary, Text of a Letter from President Obama to Senator Edward M. Kennedy and Senator Max Baucus, June 2, 2009. http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Letter-from-President-Obama-to-Chairmen-Edward-M-Kennedy-and-Max-Baucus/ 14) Id. 15) “MedPac 2009 Report to Congress: Improving Incentives in the Medicare Program,” June 2009. http://www.medpac.gov/chapters/Jun09_Ch02.pdf 16) Pub. L. 111-148 § 3022 (amending § 1899 of Title XVIII of the Social Security Act). 17) H.R. 3590, 111th Cong. 2009, “Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act,” Washington, DC: US Senate, 2009. 18) See Mark W. Friedberg, Deborah J. LAi, Peter S. Hussey and Eric C. Schneider, “A Guide to the Medical Home as a Practice-Level Intervention,” The American Journal of Managed Care, December 2009. http://www.ajmc.com/supplement/managed-care/2009/A264_09dec_HlthPolicyCurOne/A264_09dec_Friedberg529to299. 19) Thomas Bartrum, Tracy Weir and Bryan Rockwell, “Workshop Regarding Accountable Care Organizations, and Implications Regarding Antitrust, Physician Self-Referral, Anti-Kickback, and CMP Laws,” American Health Lawyers Association Practice Group Email Alert, October 8, 2010. 20) 21) U.S. Federal Trade Commission. Greater Rochester Independent Practice Association, Inc Advisory Opinion (Sept. 17, 2007). http://www.ftc.gov/bc/adops/gripa.pdf; U.S. Federal Trade Commission. MedSouth, Inc Advisory Opinion (Feb. 19, 2002). http://www.ftc.gov/bc/adops/medsouth.shtm; U.S. Federal Trade Commission. TriState Health Partners, Inc. Advisory Opinion (April 13, 2009); http://www.ftc.gov/os/closings/staff/090413tristateaoletter.pdf 22) Id. 23) Id. 24) Thomas Bartrum, Tracy Weir and Bryan Rockwell, “Workshop Regarding Accountable Care Organizations, and Implications Regarding Antitrust, Physician Self-Referral, Anti-Kickback, and CMP Laws,” American Health Lawyers Association Practice Group Email Alert, October 8, 2010. Mike Segal and Heather Siegel Miller are health care attorneys with Broad and Cassel in Miami. 30.351127 -81.401409 Rate this: Share this: Share Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window) Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Click to print (Opens in new window) Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) Like this: Like Loading... Related Tagged Accountable Care Organizations ACOs Health Siegel Miller Medicare Mike Segal Published by joelklepper View all posts by joelklepper Published January 24, 2011 January 23, 2011 Post navigation Previous Post Who Undermined “These Wonderful Philanthropic Organizations?” – Evil External Swindlers or Their Own Leadership

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AAA Cooper Transportation® (SCAC “AACT”), an independent subsidiary of Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings (NYSE: KNX), is an asset-based multi-regional transportation solutions provider offering less-than-truckload, truckload, dedicated contract carriage, brokerage, fleet maintenance, and international services.

AAA Cooper Transportation® (SCAC “AACT”), an independent subsidiary of Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings (NYSE: KNX), is an asset-based multi-regional transportation solutions provider offering less-than-truckload, truckload, dedicated contract carriage, brokerage, fleet maintenance, and international services.

The Labor and Delivery Unit at Inova Alexandria Hospital is seeking a Registered Nurse Fellow (experienced RN interested in changing specialty to L&D). The work schedule is full-time, day/night, 3 x 12 hour shifts per week. Inova Alexandria Labor and Delivery is a 13-bed unit, complimented by 3 operating suites, 4 PACU beds, and 4 Clinical Decision beds. Approximately, 3,600 deliveries take place each year, including deliveries for high-risk obstetric patients. In our Clinical Decision Unit (Labor and Delivery Triage), we can care for as many as 450 patients a month. The L&D Unit delivers approximately 10 to 15 babies each day. Nurse To Patient Ratios 2:1 during early stages of labor 1:1 once patient is active and begins pushing 1:1 for all C-sections, epidural placements, TOLAC and fetal demises. 1:1 or up to 3:1 for antepartum patients, depending on level of acuity. Watch this video to learn more about childbirth services at Inova Alexandria Hospital: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CbgqvS-YU44 Inova Alexandria Hospital is a 318-bed community hospital that offers a full range of healthcare services and has received national recognition for healthcare excellence . From babies to seniors, Inova Alexandria Hospital Provides World-Class Medical Care. We are dedicated to continually expanding our programs and services to help ensure we meet the healthcare needs of the communities we serve today and in the future. The Inova RN Fellow The RN Fellowship program will develop the necessary clinical skills to practice nursing in a competent manner within a specified service line. The RN Fellow, in an atmosphere of acceptance and support, will learn under the direct supervision of an experienced RN and through various other training formats. The RN Fellow participates in learning new knowledge, developing new skills, and meeting program objectives to be able to practice in assigned patient care delivery setting utilizing and applying new knowledge. The RN Fellow will be given time to learn, opportunities to practice, and mentoring to imbed the newly learned skills and knowledge. Communicates effectively with patients and families, team members and medical providers. Creates a collaborative team working environment. Has respect for and understanding of clinical disciplines. Uses a focused, integrated approach toward improving patient outcomes and the patient experience of care delivery. Benefits Medical, dental, and vision insurance Competitive paid time off (PTO) accruals that increases with tenure Seven annual holidays in addition to your PTO Competitive 401k match Educational assistance Relocation assistance available for qualified candidates Free parking for all Inova team members at all Inova locations Requirements A minimum of 6 months of Registered Nurse or RN changing specialty area of practice Education: BSN or MSN or If Associates Degree RN-Within 6 months of start date, meet with nurse leader: Identify which Accredited School the employee plans to attend Submit a review of transcript from the school indicating the required pre-requisites and timeline for taking the courses Provide a written plan with anticipated BSN completion date. Complete BSN within 24 months of start date BLS for Healthcare Provider Certification required RN licensed, or eligible to practice in the Commonwealth of Virginia as a RN Proficient in English, strong verbal and written communication skills. Exceptional interpersonal skill and the ability to display a caring demeanor towards others. Proficient computer skills required. About Us Inova is Northern Virginia's leading nonprofit healthcare provider. Our mission is to provide world-class healthcare - every time, every touch - to each person in every community we have the privilege to serve. Inova's 18,000 team members serve more than 2 million individuals annually through an integrated network of hospitals, primary and specialty care practices, emergency and urgent care centers, outpatient services and destination institutes. Safety Always: Learn how we keep our team members and patients Safe@Inova. More searches like this Registered Nurse (RN) Labor and Delivery Nurse Full Time jobs in Virginia Send Save You need to sign in or create an account to save Back to top Job seekers Find a Job Job Alerts Search Employers Career Resources Job Seeker Login Employers Post a Job Your Jobs Employer Login Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses 1800 M Street, NW, Suite 740S Washington, DC 20036 Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Instagram Youtube Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy About Us Contact Us © 2018 - 2021 Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses. Powered by Madgex Career Center Solutions

This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. We and selected partners use cookies or similar technologies to ensure you get the best experience on the Teamtailor website. With respect to cookies that are not considered necessary (as specified in the Cookie Policy), we and our selected partners may use cookies for the following purposes: personalized website experience, develop and improve products and in some cases targeted advertisement that are based on your interests. You can manage or disable cookies by clicking on "Manage cookies" at the bottom of each website page. Cookie preferences Accept all Disable all Select which cookies you accept When you visit this website, it may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. This information might be about you, your preferences or your device and is mostly used to make the website work as you expect it to. The information does not usually directly identify you, but it can give you a more personalized web experience. Because we respect your right to privacy, you can choose not to allow some types of cookies. Below is a list of different categories of cookies that may be set and that you can freely change. However, blocking some types of cookies may impact your experience of the site and the services we are able to offer. Strictly necessary These cookies are required and must be accepted to use this site. Vendors: Teamtailor Analytics These cookies collect data about how visitors use this website. Vendors: Google Preferences These cookies allow the website to remember choices you make and provide enhanced, more personal features. Marketing These cookies are used to deliver adverts more relevant to you and your interests. Accept these cookies Career menu Start Departments Locations Early Careers @ First Response FAQ's Employee Log in Candidate Log in to Connect Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mail Customer Service Adviser This position is no longer active Either the position was filled, or the ad has expired. Leigh WN7 3XZ WN7 3XZ Leigh Directions Recruitment@frfl.co.uk View page Perks & Benefits Mental Health & Wellness🧠 Private Medical Insurance, Mental Health at work training for 100% of managers, enhanced sick pay, cycle to work scheme, massages, flu vaccinations, fruit baskets and many more! Your Life, Your Way💓 Care days, enhanced maternity and adoption pay, adding family members to your Private Medical Insurance Policy, buying and selling holidays, one to one catch ups with your line managers and much more! Financial Stability💸 Company-wide bonus scheme, enhanced pension scheme, thousands of discounts at high street retailers, no commission structures and much more! Career Development📚 Internal development schemes, 2x weekly personal development sessions, and much more! Workplace & Culture We tried to think of words that best describe what it’s like to work at First Response, but we thought that pictures might do a better job! If you like what you see, don’t forget to connect with us and be the first to find out what roles become available.

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Growing up, my grandmother always told me stories about my Austrian heritage. She spoke so fondly of her memories in Vienna and how I had to visit. Before my second European trip began, I didn’t even know I had living Austrian relatives. Within a few email exchanges, I was set to meet everyone for the first… Read More Follow Blog via Email Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts via email. Email Address: Follow Create a website or blog at WordPress.com Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use.

Organized and chartered by our CEO Mr. Wilfred Li on 9th September, 2016, HKCBMIA was established with the mission to support the innovation of the member enterprises in Hong Kong and to showcase development in the industries outside Hong Kong. By gathering partners in the children, babies, and maternity industry, HKCBMIA creates synergies among participating members and provides a platform for knowledge exchange & project collaboration. Within a short time frame, HKCBMIA has already been sponsored by the HKSAR Government with generous funding to exhibit members’ products and service offerings in two cities in China and four countries overseas.

When utilizing a device, go gradually and also eliminate as much water as feasible. Usage furniture coasters to separate all furnishings from the flooring or much better yet, get rid of everything from the area prior to starting the project. Every chemical has a warning to examine in an unnoticeable location, like the back of a closet. Some chemicals can swiftly change a floor coverings color. Professionals use commercial-grade machines and wholesale mass cleaners. For makers, the greatest distinction is price as well as power. Business machines come in mobile rug extractors and also truck-mounted systems. Mobile extractors set you back anywhere from while truck placed systems run. Heavy steam Cleansers vs. Shampooers vs. Dry Cleansing Professionals use vapor, hair shampoo and occasionally dry-cleaning techniques. Rentals and DIY use the shampooing approach. Upholstery Cleaning Girard ks Kansas uses dry chemical compounds without any liquid. The chemicals break down dust and oils are after that vacuumed up. Dry cleaning efficiently cleanses without any drying time but at the expense of using harsh chemicals. Dry cleaning functions, but hot water extraction methods like heavy steam offer far better results. are in some cases compatible terms. Lots of consumer-grade shampooers include the name "heavy steam" in their title, they hardly ever supply. Residential and also rental designs launch a blend of warm water as well as hair shampoo right into the carpeting usually with rotating brushes as well as after that vacuum the liquid up. While the warm water does launch a little vapor, it's the shampoo, brushes and also water that does the cleansing. Reviewing reviews, getting numerous quotes and also examining references are all reasonable actions to take in discovering a high quality expert. When picking a cleaning service, stick with trusted companies and also examine prices in advance. Commercial Carpet Cleaning Girard ks Kansas Make sure to ask the best inquiries to establish if all the prices are included or if there are surprise costs or additional charges. Carpeting cleansers charge approximately nationally. A lot of charge by square foot or by the area dimension. You'll spend anywhere from. Per space charges range anywhere from. Anticipate prices to mirror your location's price of living as this increases a specialist's costs. Questions to Ask Before Working With an Expert A lot of cleaners will certainly have very similar services and also payment, yet it doesn't hurt to ask these questions. Just how to Get ready for a Carpet Cleanser To get the finest arise from either a house rental, purchased maker or an expert cleaning company, follow these suggestions before the start of the job. Do not presume the cleaner is mosting likely to do this. You'll loosen up dust as well as get any kind of huge particles off the beaten track. Commercial Carpet Cleaning Girard ks Kansas FAQs Do Rental Carpet Cleaning Company Job? Rental cleansers will certainly eliminate many of the dust as well as dust, however do not expect a to do as well as a professional's. Rental devices are usually lightweight variations of specialist rigs. Is Professional Carpet Cleansing Worth It? An expert cleaning deserves the cash. It is a lot more costly than renting out or getting, yet you'll obtain the very best results without investing any one of your time. Review more regarding carpet cleansing pros and disadvantages. Is It Better to Rental Fee or Buy Makers for Do It Yourself House Cleansing? Just how Lengthy After the Service Do I Have to Wait to Walk on My Carpeting? Once your carpet is completely dry, you'll be able to walk on it. It depends heavily on moisture levels, the thickness of the carpet and pad, and the quantity of ventilation available. Typically, parts of the residence will certainly currently be completely dry by the time the cleaner is ended up. Tests have actually shown it usually takes a full 7 passes with a vacuum cleaner to eliminate all the loosened dust. A lightweight, upright vacuum cleaner is generally the simplest to use. To be reliable, it has to have solid suction and also have some type of vibrator to loosen the dirt.: This is the following most crucial aspect in good carpeting treatment. Area Rug Cleaning Girard ks Kansas Make sure you make use of the right cleaning materials, or you might make the scenario worse. Make certain to ask the ideal questions to establish if all the expenses are included or if there are covert charges or additional charges. Rug cleansers charge an average of nationally. Most fee by square foot or by the space size. You'll spend anywhere from. Per room charges vary anywhere from. Expect rates to mirror your location's price of living as this increases an expert's expenditures. Concerns to Ask Prior To Employing an Expert The majority of cleaners will certainly have extremely similar services and also invoicing, however it does not hurt to ask these inquiries. Learn what experience they have. Learn about concealed fees. Area Rug Cleaning Girard ks Kansas Exactly how to Plan for a Carpet Cleaner To obtain the most effective arise from either a home service, bought maker or a specialist cleaning company, adhere to these tips before the beginning of the task. Do not think the cleaner is going to do this. You'll chill out dirt as well as obtain any big debris out of the way. FAQs Do Rental Carpet Cleansers Job? Rental cleaners will certainly remove many of the dirt as well as dust, but don't anticipate a to perform as well as an expert's. Rental devices are commonly lightweight versions of professional gears. Is Expert Carpeting Cleansing Well Worth It? An expert cleaning deserves the cash. It is more costly than renting or getting, yet you'll get the most effective results without spending any one of your time. Find out more about carpet cleansing benefits and drawbacks. Residential Carpet Cleaning Girard ks Kansas Is It Much better to Rent or Get Devices for Do It Yourself House Cleansing? Exactly how Lengthy After the Service Do I Have to Wait to Stroll on My Carpeting? As soon as your carpet is completely dry, you'll be able to stroll on it. It depends heavily on humidity levels, the density of the carpeting and pad, and also the amount of ventilation available. Professional makers vacuum up extra moisture than domestic as well as rental models. Expect quicker drying out times with professional solutions. Usually, components of the residence will already be dry by the time the cleaner is completed. Carpet Cleaners Girard ks Kansas Examinations have actually shown it typically takes a complete 7 passes with a vacuum to eliminate all the loose dirt. A lightweight, upright vacuum cleaner is normally the easiest to utilize. To be effective, it should have solid suction and also have some type of vibrator to loosen up the dirt.: This is the following most essential variable in excellent carpeting treatment. Make sure you make use of the appropriate cleansing products, or you might make the situation even worse. Where to Work with a Pro When You Required Your Carpeting Cleaned Also though it may not look like it, you should have your rugs done yearly or more. Discover local professionals near you to get the procedure began.

To be more confident in your used car purchase and get more information about the auto, including its accident history, insurance records, odometer readings history and other important details, we recommend you get a vehicle history report for the car prior to buying it. Notes [!@@Additional Info@@!]Mirror Color - Body-Color, Air Filtration, Center Console Trim - Simulated Alloy, Dash Trim - Simulated Alloy, Door Trim - Simulated Alloy, Front Air Conditioning, Front Air Conditioning Zones - Single, Interior Accents - Metallic-Tone, Armrests - Rear Center Folding With Storage, Center Console - Front Console With Storage, Cruise Control, Cupholders - Front, Multi-Function Remote - Keyless Entry, Multi-Function Remote - Trunk Release, Retained Accessory Power, Steering Wheel - Tilt And Telescopic, Steering Wheel Mounted Controls - Audio, Storage - Front Seatback, Power Outlet(S) - 12v Front, Power Steering - Variable/Speed-Proportional, Vanity Mirrors - Dual, Overhead Console - Front, Steering Wheel Mounted Controls - Cruise Control, Cargo Area Light, Reading Lights - Front, One-Touch Windows - 1, Abs - 4-Wheel, Braking Assist, Electronic Brakeforce Distribution, Front Brake Diameter - 11.7, Front Suspension Classification - Independent, Rear Brake Diameter - 11.1, Rear Stabilizer Bar, Rear Suspension Classification - Independent, Rear Suspension Type - Multi-Link, Front Shock Type - Gas, Front Spring Type - Coil, Front Suspension Type - Lower Control Arms, Rear Shock Type - Gas, Rear Spring Type - Coil, Front Struts - Macpherson, Rear Struts, Front Brake Type - Ventilated Disc, Rear Brake Type - Disc, Antenna Type - Element, Auxiliary Audio Input - Mp3, External Temperature Display, In-Dash Cd - Single Disc, Radio - Am/Fm, Speed Sensitive Volume Control, Watts - 160, In-Dash Cd - Mp3 Playback, Total Speakers - 6, Gauge - Tachometer, Warnings And Reminders - Tire Fill Alert, Daytime Running Lights, Headlights - Auto Delay Off, Headlights - Auto On, Tire Pressure Monitoring System, Wheel Covers - Full, Spare Tire Mount Location - Inside, Spare Tire Size - Temporary, Spare Wheel Type - Steel, Wheels - Steel, Front Wipers - Intermittent, Power Windows, Window Defogger - Rear, Body Side Reinforcements - Side Impact Door Beams, Child Seat Anchors, Crumple Zones - Front, Emergency Interior Trunk Release, Energy Absorbing Steering Column, Front Airbags - Dual, Knee Airbags - Driver, Power Door Locks, Side Airbags - Front, Side Curtain Airbags - Front, Anti-Theft System - Engine Immobilizer, Airbag Deactivation - Occupant Sensing Passenger, 2-Stage Unlocking Doors, Crumple Zones - Rear, Child Safety Door Locks, Front Seat Type - Bucket, Seatbelt Force Limiters - Front, Seatbelt Pretensioners - Front, Upholstery - Cloth, Driver Seat Power Adjustments - 8, Driver Seat Power Adjustments - Lumbar, Front Headrests - 2, Front Headrests - Adjustable, Passenger Seat Manual Adjustments - 4, Rear Headrests - 3, Rear Headrests - Adjustable, Rear Seat Type - Bench, Rear Seatbelts - Center 3-Point, Rear Seat Folding - Split, Seatbelt Force Limiters - Rear, Seatbelt Pretensioners - Rear Recalls & Defects VIN 4T1BE46K09U292356 may have been recalled. Check full report for more information VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL:ACCELERATOR PEDAL TOYOTA IS RECALLING CERTAIN MODEL YEAR 2005-2010 AVALON, MODEL YEAR 2007-2010 CAMRY, MODEL YEAR 2009-2010 COROLLA, COROLLA MATRIX, RAV4, MODEL YEAR 2010 HIGHLANDER, MODEL YEAR 2008-2010 SEQUOIA, AND MODEL YEAR 2007-2010 TUNDRA VEHICLES. DUE TO THE MANNER IN WHICH THE FRICTION LEVER INTERACTS WITH THE SLIDING SURFACE OF THE ACCELERATOR PEDAL INSIDE THE PEDAL SENSOR ASSEMBLY, THE SLIDING SURFACE OF THE LEVER MAY BECOME SMOOTH DURING VEHICLE OPERATION. IN THIS CONDITION, IF CONDENSATION OCCURS ON THE SURFACE, AS MAY OCCUR FROM HEATER OPERATION (WITHOUT A/C) WHEN THE PEDAL ASSEMBLY IS COLD, THE FRICTION WHEN THE ACCELERATOR PEDAL IS OPERATED MAY INCREASE, WHICH MAY RESULT IN THE ACCELERATOR PEDAL BECOMING HARDER TO DEPRESS, SLOWER TO RETURN, OR, IN THE WORST CASE, MECHANICALLY STUCK IN A PARTIALLY DEPRESSED POSITION. VIEW RECALLS & DEFECTS Information about Dealer Illinois Auto Sales 84 Illinois Ave, Paterson, NJ, 07503 (888) 882-0547 Go to Dealer Listing Vehicle Rating & Owner Reviews Overall Rating 4.2 Based on 221 reviews Very Reliable Car!!! 1 John Luten on 07/15/2016 Performance: 0 Comfort: 0 Fuel Economy: 0 Fun To Drive: 0 Interior Design: 0 Exterior Design: 0 Build Quality: 0 Reliability: 0 Comfort Rating: 2 Performance Rating: 1 Interior Rating: 2 Reliability Rating: 4 Safety Rating: 2 Technology Rating: 3 Value Rating: 4 The car is very low mileage and I have gotten the car serviced on a regular bases. Great Michelin tires. You can't do better! 5 ANN Weiss on 07/03/2016 Performance: 0 Comfort: 0 Fuel Economy: 0 Fun To Drive: 0 Interior Design: 0 Exterior Design: 0 Build Quality: 0 Reliability: 0 Comfort Rating: 4 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: Safety Rating: 5 Technology Rating: 4 Value Rating: 5 This car has been very dependable. Many people tell me that it still looks brand new. The interior looks new too. I have not had to do any engine repairs. I do have the oil changes done every 5000 miles and rotate the tires every 6000 miles. A body shop worker told me that in over 20 years he has only seen damage from a collision to the inside of a Camry once. It also retains its value well. I plan on buying another Camry for my next car. The Good Bad and Ugly 3 Judy Limburg on 06/13/2016 Performance: 0 Comfort: 0 Fuel Economy: 0 Fun To Drive: 0 Interior Design: 0 Exterior Design: 0 Build Quality: 0 Reliability: 0 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: Safety Rating: 4 Technology Rating: 4 Value Rating: 3 We bought our 2009 Toyota Camry XLE in the winter of 2012 with 30,000 miles on it. We now have 77,500 miles on it. We are a bit disappointed at the amount of work we've had to do on it . . . we had to have the fuel pump replaced. The struts were next. New tires and, if memory serves me, a new battery as well. And now the ABS module is on the fritz. Fortunately, the first two repairs were under warranty. But, of course, as soon as our warranty runs out, we have the MAJOR expense of the ABS module to deal with. It's at the dealership now being diagnosed. We are anticipating a repair cost of $2000 or so. Not fun. The good - the car is comfortable, reliable (mostly) and gets good gas mileage. The bad - the repairs we've had to do. When you buy a car at a reputable dealership, you don't anticipate having such major repairs to make. The ugly - the $2,000 we will most likely be stuck with when we get the call from the dealership later today. Oil and Engine Issues :( 3 Nick Franky on 05/19/2016 Performance: 0 Comfort: 0 Fuel Economy: 0 Fun To Drive: 0 Interior Design: 0 Exterior Design: 0 Build Quality: 0 Reliability: 0 Comfort Rating: 4 Performance Rating: 2 Interior Rating: 3 Reliability Rating: 2 Safety Rating: 4 Technology Rating: 2 Value Rating: 3 I've had my car for a while now. I bought it in 2011, 2 years old for about 13k. After replacing the melting dash, door protectors and starter. I now have issues with oil, I took my car for its scheduled oil change and the mechanic says..."You have no oil in you car, and its back firing, I think you should take it to the dealer because we wont be able to do an oil change". So I take my car to Toyota and the keep it over night. they tell me nothing seems wrong but the are testing the oil consumption I have to bring it back within 1200 miles. BUUUUUUUT my check engine light is on and when I start my car it trembles, I have to let it sit for a while or restart the car. This was my first car I bought all alone, Finally paid for in full and this POS gives me hell after I make my final payment(April) . oh yeah, a mechanic told me its about 6k to fix, car is only worth 5k! I don't think I will buy another Toyota...Honda here I come. Oil today and gone tomorrow! 3 Tonya Stafford on 05/01/2016 Performance: 0 Comfort: 0 Fuel Economy: 0 Fun To Drive: 0 Interior Design: 0 Exterior Design: 0 Build Quality: 0 Reliability: 0 Comfort Rating: 4 Performance Rating: 3 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 3 Safety Rating: 5 Technology Rating: 4 Value Rating: 3 I have had oil consumption issues since about year one. I have owned it 8 years and have complained continually about the oil consumption issues. It uses a quart by 1300 miles after an oil change and another quart at 1100 more. I have driven it until it wouldn't crank only to discover there was no visible oil on the dip stick. I had the oil consumption test and qualified, waited almost a year on a waiting list to find out by accident that it was not documented correctly. I recently qualified again and am now waiting for the necessary parts which could take some time to come in. Seriously, my engine might be shot by then. Not sure I'll buy another Toyota, after all, this is the same car that caused me to almost crash as my gas peddle got stuck and drove me through main street at about 65 mph! Toyota should be better than this. Other than those two major problems, the car has been pretty good. My husband's Toyota Tundra is 14 years old and has 200,000 miles with no problems yet and we bought it new. Toyota might have slipped on quality where it mattered during the years my car was made. I traded this car in September of 2016. Toyota had still not managed to get the parts to fix my car's oil consumption problems. It had a sticky dash that was on recall and I was just less than 200 down on the list to get it fixed. It had 123,000 miles on it. I just could not deal with the issues anymore. I did not replace it with a Toyota. Oil Consumption Problems are in my 2009 Toyota Cam 2 walterfisher on 04/10/2016 Performance: 0 Comfort: 0 Fuel Economy: 0 Fun To Drive: 0 Interior Design: 0 Exterior Design: 0 Build Quality: 0 Reliability: 0 Comfort Rating: 2 Performance Rating: 1 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 1 Safety Rating: 1 Technology Rating: 3 Value Rating: 1 Oil consumption problem is in my 2009 toyota camry. having issues 2 Chris badertscher on 01/31/2016 Performance: 0 Comfort: 0 Fuel Economy: 0 Fun To Drive: 0 Interior Design: 0 Exterior Design: 0 Build Quality: 0 Reliability: 0 Comfort Rating: Performance Rating: 1 Interior Rating: Reliability Rating: Safety Rating: Technology Rating: Value Rating: I just bought a 2009 toyota camry LE with 76000 miles. After owning it for only a couple weeks I've had it stall out on me as I slowed down for a stop light. Also the other day as I was driving the brake light randomly showed up. Anybody else having issues with their camry of around the same year stalling out? Toyota's for life!!! 5 Abe on 12/06/2015 Performance: 0 Comfort: 0 Fuel Economy: 0 Fun To Drive: 0 Interior Design: 0 Exterior Design: 0 Build Quality: 0 Reliability: 0 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 Safety Rating: 5 Technology Rating: 5 Value Rating: 5 Just 2 word's ...Sweet car!!! The BEST and most RELIABLE car 5 Lisa C. on 12/04/2015 Performance: 0 Comfort: 0 Fuel Economy: 0 Fun To Drive: 0 Interior Design: 0 Exterior Design: 0 Build Quality: 0 Reliability: 0 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 4 Safety Rating: 5 Technology Rating: 3 Value Rating: I bought my 2009 Camry brand new and have never had an issue with it. I have over 175,000 miles driven so far. There were 2 very minor recalls on it. I had them both checked and fixed by the dealer at no charge. It was a floor mat and power door switch. Besides my car still looking practically brand new on the inside and outside, it still runs like new and is the most affordable car I have ever had to maintain. It drives nice and smooth. I will say that the seats are comfortable enough. I wish they had more lumbar support. Overall, this is the best vehicle I have ever owned. I have owned 3 other cars and a few trucks. Different makes and models. I will only be buying Toyota from now on. 200k, The Most Reliable Car I Have Ever Owned 4.4 pmireland44 on 03/03/2015 Performance: 4 Comfort: 4 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 4 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 4 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 5 The V-6 is very quick with more HP than most 60's Muscle Cars. I have personally put 200k on the clock from day one and the only repairs so far were wheel bearings and Struts at 150K. It didn't even need brakes until 90K! Still has the original battery. Oil changed every 5K. 25mpg in mixed driving and 31mpg on long trips. Everything still works, the interior has held up well (four kids). The paint has seemed to chip a bit easy but I have been on many 500 mile plus trips through the NW in winter. I have no intention of replacing this car before 300K. what these fools talkin bout? 3.9 mrcashmoneey on 08/03/2014 Performance: 4 Comfort: 4 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 3 Interior Design: 3 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 3 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 4 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 3 Reliability Rating: 5 now ive only had my 09 camry for a week so i cant speak for the reliability, but im reading some nonsense on here. this is a nice car. i have the 4 cyl. and it has plenty of power. it is a little weird accelerating from a stop i will agree to that but cmon. this thing shifts very smooth, the suspension is nice! its a solid ride. i find it comfortable too. after my 08 nissan versa, this thing feels like the greatest car ever. and i get about the same gas mileage but with more of everything! space, performance, oh and a quiet ride oh and its also pretty low priced. dont let these reviews fool you [non-permissible content removed]. sweeeet value. 2009 Base Camry 4.1 balkania on 05/02/2014 Performance: 4 Comfort: 4 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 4 Interior Design: 3 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 4 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 4 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 3 Reliability Rating: 5 Bought the car brand new (3 miles on it). Currently I have 130,000 miles on it and I've had zero issues. I drive mostly highway, very little stop and go. Out of boredom I changed the spark plugs and the PCV Valve at around 80,000 miles. Been changing my own oil since the 50,000 mile mark. The only issue is the oil consumption. From the 50,000 mile mark to now the car would consume 2 quarts out of the 4.5 i put in over 5000 miles. On the most recent oil change I only got back 1.5 quarts of the 5 quarts I put in .(added 1/2 quart at around 3000 miles). Seems like the car has turned a corner Good Machine 5 nolanm on 02/28/2014 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 4 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 Safety Rating: Technology Rating: 3 Value Rating: The transmission is quick to kick down to a lower gear and hold the rpms high when I need it to. When I'm driving easy it drives easy as well and gives me soft buttery shifts at low rpm. It also has an engine braking feature that automatically downshifts if it senses I am dragging the brakes on a long grade. You couldn't ask for a better automatic. Handling is soft which I prefer, but it also has great feel at the limit, if a turn is taken too fast it behaves predictably and its easy to regain control. I love the interior, it's minimalist by design, very classy. Update: I replaced the water pump at 80k miles. It was easy to do and cost about $75. No sign of the excessive oil consumption some are experiencing. I use synthetic 0w20 oil and rev the engine hard on occasion which I feel is essential. its a love hate relationship 4.4 michelle1969 on 08/08/2013 Performance: 4 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 4 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 4 Reliability: 4 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 4 Overall I love the car and it rides like a dream, but my car has 62k on it and my dash is melting and I have very odd shakes rattles and rolls going on. Is anyone aware of any recalls for the dash melting? Its really annoying, and for $15k (I just bought it 3 months ago). I dont think I should have a melting dashboard in a car that is only 5 years old Dashboard Sticky and Melting in Sunlight 3.3 ses4747 on 05/29/2013 Performance: 4 Comfort: 3 Fuel Economy: 3 Fun To Drive: 4 Interior Design: 2 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 3 Reliability: 3 Comfort Rating: 3 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 2 Reliability Rating: 3 I bought this car used. In the 1st week my dashboard appeared overly shiny and sticky to touch. In the 3 weeks I've had it my dash as begun st melt literally with small to medium size holes in it. If anyone has the same problem I'd like to know. [HTML removed]. Extrimly Fun 4.4 sashach on 05/12/2013 Performance: 4 Comfort: 4 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 3 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 4 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 5 We bought 2009 Camry Se about 8 months ago in Autumn and i have to say in the beginning it was a little iffy. The first thing we noticed is rattles in the dash panel, which Toyota told us would cost 900$ to fix. (p.s. i fixed most of the rattles for 10$ by applying a thin strip of spongy material under the dashboard clock). Another thing that was little strange is the whining noise coming from the engine on low rpms, but after asking around i was told its the way engine works and no problems after 10 k km. Other than that it is a gorgeous car, this is my first vehicle and its my baby. One thing to note is if buying, ask if the car has wind kit and nv008-07 upgrade. We got a lemon 2.5 kfran on 05/03/2013 Performance: 1 Comfort: 3 Fuel Economy: 3 Fun To Drive: 3 Interior Design: 3 Exterior Design: 3 Build Quality: 3 Reliability: 1 Comfort Rating: 3 Performance Rating: 1 Interior Rating: 3 Reliability Rating: 1 Well it's bound to happen that when a company makes thousands of a product, there will be a bad egg in there somewhere. Unfortunately, we bought the bad egg. Camry was purchased brand new and at 24,000 miles we started having problems with the car nearly quiting on us as we were driving it. Engine light came on & we've had it at a local Toyota dealership if not every week but every few months since (we now have over 60,000 miles). The car has had the computer reset, a coil replaced, last Friday April 29, a spark plug was replaced after the Toyota engineers reviewed the codes because the mechanics couldn't figure it out. Well, sorry to say, the car is back in the shop today-still not fixed! Best Car I've driven and owned 5 mike_inmid5 on 02/23/2013 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 First off, I have been in sales for 25 years. Many of those years were company supplied vehicles. Ford Taurus', Explorer. Have also owned Dodge Pickup, etc. All typical American vehicles. This Camry is just so much more refined than all those vehicles. Despite it being a 4 cylinder, the vehicle is plenty fast, and can pass at will (unless someone is doing 90 mph, then I wont pass them).Interior is great, I get a lot of compliments believe it or not, with SE the Ice Blue color. I have had zero maintenance problems. NADA ! Just change oil. At 46,000 miles now, and love every minute of it. The engine is bulletproof, and the ride is very comfortable. I'll likely keep it until 250,000 miles. Reliable' but lacking 3.3 prodriver82 on 02/13/2013 Performance: 3 Comfort: 3 Fuel Economy: 4 Fun To Drive: 2 Interior Design: 3 Exterior Design: 3 Build Quality: 3 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 3 Performance Rating: 3 Interior Rating: 3 Reliability Rating: 5 I bought a 2009 Toyota Camry in November 2011 as a replacement for a 2005 Chevy Trail Blazer with 126,000 miles & we had for 6 years. At first, we liked the Camry. Took the car on at least one long distance monthly trip. Every month for a year. But even before we made it to 7 months, we were looking for a SUV platform vehicle to replace the Camry. The Camry is what it is. Solid transportation. It just wasn't our cup of tea. If your considering a Camry to purchase, steer more towards the SE or the XLE versions. You will be happier. Fully Satisfied Camry owner 4.8 stevenzhuli on 11/17/2012 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 4 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 I just bought a used 2009 camry V6 LE with 98K mileage, measured 2 days trip, average gas at 7.3L /100km, about 32MPG, Mostly country road driving. I am very happy with the purchase. Good acceleration, excellent commut car. Very quiet. I am hesitating to buy a V6 since the gas price. But the camry really surprise me. So far did not see anything wrong with it. Good car. 4.6 malikj on 11/02/2012 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 4 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 5 I have about 45k miles on it. It's a great car for the money. I'll stick with Toyota. NOT MEANT FOR SHORT PEOPLE 3.6 dendennnn on 10/31/2012 Performance: 4 Comfort: 3 Fuel Economy: 3 Fun To Drive: 4 Interior Design: 2 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 4 Reliability: 4 Comfort Rating: 3 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 2 Reliability Rating: 4 I am 5 feet tall. I have to pull my seat out so close, that I can't even pull down the visor when the sun is out or it'll hit my head. (Also pulling the eat in and out sucks because the button makes it move so slow.) The Camry is meant for tall, big or buff guys. Not for a 5 foot lady! It's a good car. Some cons are that it doesn't even have a compass. I can't fast forward my music either. It is a reliable car and it's good on gas. I never fill up more than half because the as wastes less this way. I get about 20-23 mpg. TOYOTA is big mistake 1.9 meddoab on 10/21/2012 Performance: 1 Comfort: 2 Fuel Economy: 1 Fun To Drive: 2 Interior Design: 3 Exterior Design: 3 Build Quality: 2 Reliability: 1 Comfort Rating: 2 Performance Rating: 1 Interior Rating: 3 Reliability Rating: 1 I bought this car in July 2008 brand new from the dealership. I do maintenance regularly at the dealership where I bought it. The first year I had it, it lost a lot of oil but the dealership said it was normal, til now I lose a lot of oil. Now, I have 54K miles on it. Then one day, without any warning, the battery died. I bought a new battery from toyota and still the car wasn't working well. I returned to the dealership and they told me I need a new alternator, I had to pay all of this out of pocket because the warranty ended. I bought this car thinking that it would not give me any problems, I worked 10 hours a day to pay off this car in 3 years and now I this purchase was a HUGE mistake Refined motoring 4.9 phillipg2 on 08/01/2012 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 5 This is the third Camry I have owned, a 93 LE, 141,000; 02 XLE ,149,000 and now a 09 XLE. This is by far the smoothest riding and comfortable edition of these word class sedans. I see no drop off of the fit and finish, I get great gas mileage (4 cyc) and the engine is so quiet. A Lexsus without the additional $10,0000 cost and reg gas, to boot! 2009 Camry Struts leaking, other defects 3 miker17 on 05/23/2012 Performance: 3 Comfort: 3 Fuel Economy: 4 Fun To Drive: 4 Interior Design: 3 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 1 Reliability: 2 Comfort Rating: 3 Performance Rating: 3 Interior Rating: 3 Reliability Rating: 2 At 52.5k miles struts are leaking. Front seats make noises. Front door panel makes squeaking noises. I come from a family of GM lovers, Trust me now they are spreading the word to others about Toyota, IT'S A TOTALLY DIFFERENT DRIVING VEHICLE!! 5 goyankees44 on 05/20/2012 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 Trust me, I come from a family of General Motors lovers. They now believe me, after this car, and recommend Toyota to everyone. My Dad now loves the Sienna. GM still makes crap. Chevy sonic.. anyone? Toyota has had side airbags standard and better resale. Cobalts, sonic, colorado, s10, buick, the new impala and their new models r horrible. my gram has 15k on her cobalt and kbb says 9k. i have 40k on my 09 and kbb says 14500 HELLO!! Seriously people.. it's my pride and joy. Full tank of gas city driving only will last you 2 full weeks, trust me, this car can move!! it is SO SMOOTH this is what GM buyers don't understand, TOYOTA DRIVES TOTALLY DIFFERENT!!! and thank god for that :) 09 camry goes well for a 4 cylinder! 4.4 fordtaurus98 on 04/19/2012 Performance: 4 Comfort: 4 Fuel Economy: 4 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 4 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 4 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 5 we bought our camry right off the show room floor in saco maine. it is red with the basic wheels, loaded edition. it has bout 42 thousand miles. we havnt had one single problem with it. handles the bumps like how a middle priced, middle sized sedan should. exceleration is not bad, but the little 4-banger pushes out 158 hp, which is pretty good!. were happy with it, yeah the plastics are not the best inside, but this is not a mercaedes (or how ever you spell it). going 100 miles per hour on the highway is a breez, it only tachs about 2900-3000 rpm! loved it 4.3 amarji on 03/25/2012 Performance: 5 Comfort: 3 Fuel Economy: 4 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 3 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 4 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 3 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 3 Reliability Rating: 5 so i bought this car back in 2009 with 6k miles on it !! now it has 47k miles on it and it still runes like new !! i never had one single problem with this car, all i did was changing the oil every 5000 miles ( i know it should be 3000 miles) and i changed the tires at around 35K !!! very reliable car, fun to drive, smooth steering, great response from the gas pedal and the brakes. the ONLY problem might be the blind spots caused by the big side airbag panels !! Not happy 2.6 jspec31 on 10/11/2011 Performance: 3 Comfort: 2 Fuel Economy: 3 Fun To Drive: 1 Interior Design: 2 Exterior Design: 3 Build Quality: 3 Reliability: 4 Comfort Rating: 2 Performance Rating: 3 Interior Rating: 2 Reliability Rating: 4 I decided on the Camry because they're supposed to be known for their reliability. I bought it with about 38K miles on it. When I first took it on the highway the steering wheel shook pretty bad. The used dealer balanced all of the tires, and it did get better. A week later he put on 4 new tires and it was a vast improvement. However, approaching 45K, the rotors are warped , as I can feel pulsation when applying brakes. The car does shake again on the highway. Also the gas mileage is junk! Probably the way I drive because I went from a 6 cyl to 4, but when being conservative I only got 27mpg at best. Interior cheap and uncomfortable, paint is chipping on plastic body parts. Love My Camry 5 camrydrvr1 on 06/21/2011 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 I traded in my Saturn Vue for an 09 Camry SE. I traded my Vue due to a new job where I have to commute and hour each way. The comfort, safety, and gas mileage is what made my decision for me. My camry has 70,000 miles on it currently. I have had no problems at all. I keep up with regular oil changes and I keep my car very clean. I am in awe at what a piece of crap this car is 2.6 yousmell102 on 05/28/2011 Performance: 2 Comfort: 2 Fuel Economy: 3 Fun To Drive: 2 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 2 Reliability: 2 Comfort Rating: 2 Performance Rating: 2 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 2 Leased a 2009 Camry Le back in the summer of '08. Couldn't be more disappointed. I have had the weirdest problems with this car, ie accelerator and brake pedals that have a mind of their own. In the past year the car has developed an annoying and extremely dangerous problem where the tension of the gas pedal seems to be constantly changing. Sometimes, it responds with just the slightest amount of pressure, other times, applying it with the exact same amount of force results in no acceleration at all. It's like the car encounters dead spots where it simply refuses to accelerate. You'll need a burst of power to pass or just to get out of someone's way, and it won't be there! Not happy with quality 2.6 soapbox17 on 05/26/2011 Performance: 2 Comfort: 3 Fuel Economy: 2 Fun To Drive: 2 Interior Design: 2 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 1 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 3 Performance Rating: 2 Interior Rating: 2 Reliability Rating: 5 This Camry is not the Camry of the old days. The interior materials seem to be cheap. The SE vehicle suspension is horrible. You can every bump. The acceleration in the 4 cylinder veh was OK until the recall on the brake pedal. Now the acceleration is horrible!!! My vehicle is Black and the factory paint had bad places on it when we bought it and we had to have the PS door and rear bumper painted. The paint is very dull and even when clean it is not shiny even with a wax(almost like to they did not put a clear coat on it).I had a 2000 Camry for years and loved it until my daughter's boyfriend totaled it. This 2009 Camry could never stand up to the quality of the older Camrys. Hate my car!! 2.9 jennifer_zuri on 04/14/2011 Performance: 2 Comfort: 3 Fuel Economy: 3 Fun To Drive: 3 Interior Design: 2 Exterior Design: 3 Build Quality: 2 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 3 Performance Rating: 2 Interior Rating: 2 Reliability Rating: 5 I wanted a Camry for such a long time. I traded my 2003 Chevy Tracker with 140k miles for this piece of junk Camry. I had the car for 5k miles and it already needed new brakes. The take off is terrible, the RPM's go very high on take off, it smells like it is burning and the interior is very poor. My air circulator turns off all the time letting the outside air in and the ride is really rough. The clearance is terrible and now @ 40k miles the dealer tells me that I have to get a fuel injector cleaner on 3 of the injectors (at 150 a pop), a power steering flush and again new brakes! WOW, what a deal!! Hat!e It 1.5 annette1993 on 04/13/2011 Performance: 1 Comfort: 1 Fuel Economy: 2 Fun To Drive: 1 Interior Design: 1 Exterior Design: 3 Build Quality: 1 Reliability: 2 Comfort Rating: 1 Performance Rating: 1 Interior Rating: 1 Reliability Rating: 2 I hate it, absolutely hate it. I had a 2003 Camry SE that was a fabulous cream puff. In seven years never needed anything but brakes and tires. Comfortable, well made, good on gas, great car, loved it. Unfortunately, I totaled it and replaced it with a 2009 Toyota Camry LE. What a terrible mistake. I am really shocked, what a piece of junk. Inside cheap plastic, one vent is broken, cup holder is inconveniently placed, and seat is extremely uncomfortable. What were they thinking when they redesigned the interior? I have never been so uncomfortable in a car. The worse part is, I am very apprehensive while driving it because it has so many blind spots. The rear window has extreme poor visibility. The car also makes wide turns. I cannot judge when parking or turning onto lanes. I can’t see the curb when I am making turns. I have to lean forward out of my seat when making turns because I cannot see where I am going. I have had a Honda, Buick, Nissan, Camry (2003), Chrysler, Chevy, Toyota Supra, and never had this problem before. Also, gas mileage is not as good as the 2003. Additionally, cheap paint job. In one year paint is peeling, yet my 2003 never had that problem in seven years!! The car also has poor pick up. The 2003 Camry was a far superior car in every way. My mechanic agrees with me. Toyota is now making garbage. I am so sorry that I did not buy a used 2003 – 2005 Camry. Fast grocery getter 4.6 mdfuzz on 11/01/2010 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 3 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 5 Fast V6 with passing power needed for those long drives. I've put 41K miles on mine in under 2 years and, (aside from some fit and finish hiccups), I have little to complain about. The rear passenger side window track mechanism fell apart and the lower front grill fell off early on, but both were fixed under warranty. The recalls were also an inconvenience. Strayed from the Honda when I bought her because I didn't like the new Honda Accord body style. An Amazing Camry 5 Crystal on 10/21/2010 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 The camry is a smooth and comfortable mid size sedan. It is reasonably priced and it is very classy. The engine is great I have always and only purchased Toyotas. They run for an extremely long time and have minimal problems compared to other brands. I have purchased over 8 Toyotas in the past two years and still own all of them. You can't go wrong with the camry if you want reliable this is the perfect car. Disappointed with the Camry 1.8 Ron B on 10/08/2010 Performance: 2 Comfort: 2 Fuel Economy: 2 Fun To Drive: 1 Interior Design: 2 Exterior Design: 2 Build Quality: 1 Reliability: 2 Comfort Rating: 2 Performance Rating: 2 Interior Rating: 2 Reliability Rating: 2 This car jerks before it accelerates. It lurks when the brakes are applied. The interior materials looks like it's made of cheap plastic. The color is ugly. Parts of the engine, drive shafts, bolts, nuts, show very early rusting, and got worse after a year. It is so underpowered that it makes a lot of vibration and noise during acceleration. I would not recommend this car. My 2009 Camry 3.4 My 2009 Camry on 10/06/2010 Performance: 4 Comfort: 2 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 3 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 2 Reliability: 3 Comfort Rating: 2 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 3 I ordered a new '09 Camry and went to get it on a cloudy day after it came in to the Kingsport,Tn. dealership. Then I drove it home and parked it inside of my garage. Got my new Camry back out on a sunny nice day; that's when I noticed the paint had marks all over the car. I drove it straight back to the Kingsport dealer with only appx. 50 miles on it and the dealer agreed the paint was messed-up. After 3 meetings with factory Toyota reps., which agreed with me on the paint, Toyota rep. laughed , told me the warranty didn't cover it and they weren't going to do anything about it. I explained to them I had always been a Toyota man.Still got a bad paint job. Buyer, BEWARE! Toyota cover-up tactics 5 Paul on 10/04/2010 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 Bought my 2009 LE and from the start I felt that there was something wrong in the brakes. A booster valve was replaced twice, but the pedal remained soft and many times when pushed, went to the full extent of my leg. I constantly needed to pump the brakes to get firm response. Toyota brought their big gun techno guy to the arbitration, along with engineering specs. I was the dumb consumer. ALL testing that they did to determine that my Camry was fine, was done out of sight. After buying many other Totota models over the years, I am very disappointed in their tactics. A life-saver! 4.9 Gordy on 09/25/2010 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 4 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 We've owned the Camry for over one year and we love it. Our car was stopped at a light and was rear-ended by a vehicle traveling 45 mph; all other vehicles involved were totaled. My wife was able to walk away (thanks Toyota!) and the Camry sustained over $9,000 in damages. Even after the collision, and excellent repair work, it drives like brand-new. We love the ride and the peppy engine. It gets GREAT mileage on the highway and so-so mileage (23) around town. We'll own this one for a long time. 2009 Braking system w/o TC option 4.1 Paul on 09/23/2010 Performance: 4 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 3 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 4 Reliability: 4 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 4 After one year plus and visits to remedy my brake problem, Toyota service changed a valve that they felt was the problem. It was not. I took it to arbitration, which at that time, the technical people gave me a full explanation of the brakes design. And, admitted that all prior service work done was a waste of time due to the brake design. The brake pressure is proportional. To top it off, the Toyota experts indicated that if I had the traction control option, things would have been different with the brakes. In the 2010 model they all have traction control as standard. I guess Toyota dealers were unaware of the importance of traction control on the 2009, they did not stock this option. Desperate measures equals bad news 4 us! 3.8 Steve on 09/12/2010 Performance: 4 Comfort: 4 Fuel Economy: 4 Fun To Drive: 3 Interior Design: 3 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 4 Reliability: 4 Comfort Rating: 4 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 3 Reliability Rating: 4 I bought my Camry LE 4cyl back in March of 2009 and at 23,000 miles I had to replace all four tires cause the treads were worn. I was like what? Ridiculous. I don't drive hard and I rotate every 5000 miles. Come to find out the factory tires are only good for 30,000 miles. A Firestone mechanic told me this when I went to replace my tires. Toyota is trying to cut costs as much as possible wherever possible to manufacture their vehicles in these economic times. Pedal recalls are one example. Who knows what other parts might go wrong in the future and another major recall hits. 2 of my friends own a Camry 07 and both of their cars are burning 1 qt of oil every 1000 miles! with 40000 miles on it Hesitation from start 3.3 ist. toyota on 09/08/2010 Performance: 2 Comfort: 4 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 2 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 4 Build Quality: 2 Reliability: 3 Comfort Rating: 4 Performance Rating: 2 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 3 I purchased my first Toyota on reputation of build quality. I have had six trips to dealer for transmission leaks power steering leaks parts coming loose on front under carriage and hesitation on take off. The service rep. Said this was normal for this model and there was nothing they could do about the hesitation. Makes for a jerky take off. Not safe. I have 5 months and 10,000 miles left on warranty. Time to get something different Worthy of the SE (Sports Edition) name 5 JimBob Seeker on 09/06/2010 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 My driving experience spans more than 35 years. I have always wanted a sports car but the pragmatist in me could never justify it. I have owned economy cars, mini-vans and family sedans but never a car with a performance flavor until now. I purchased a used '09 Camry SE with 20Km on the odometer several months ago and I was pleasantly surprised to find that I could have my cake and eat it too. This vehicle carries 4 adults in comfort, provides very good fuel economy, handles superbly, has decent acceleration, feels right at home on the freeway, looks like a sports car and has a very likable personality. Overall, I am very pleased with the car. I would definitely buy another. Female Disappointed With Toyota 4 thecrock1 on 08/21/2010 Performance: 4 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 4 Fun To Drive: 4 Interior Design: 3 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 3 Reliability: 4 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 4 Interior Rating: 3 Reliability Rating: 4 My car drove great for the first year and a half and now the steering wheel shakes (I believe it's the rotors) but dealership won't do anything about it. But the main problem is when the ac is on the car acts like it wants to die sometimes when you are coming to a stop. The whole car is vibrating on and off or shaking like the engine is missing or something. Only happens when ac is on. Again dealership says nothing wrong. Very disappointed in Toyota and this dealership. Had heard so many good things about Toyota. Will not buy another one. They are just like all the other dealerships I have dealt with. Once you buy the car thats it. They don't help you or fix anything. New purchase 5 Rob on 08/03/2010 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 I currently own a 1992, Toyota, Camry, 4cyl, with 228,000 miles. My friend's Camry has 530,000 miles. I recently purchase a 2009, Camry, se. I will let you know how I like the car. And no I do not plan to sell my 1992 Camry. It is in perfect interior & exterior condition. Pro-Camry 4.9 Debbie on 07/29/2010 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 4 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 I just got into a head-on collision in my 2009 Camry 3 days ago. My car did FANTASTIC! The airbag in the steering wheel and the leg airbag did exactly what it was supposed to do. Not a broken bone in my body and I was able to walk away. The seat belt locked up instantly and not a bit of whiplash. I am sore from all of the bruising but grateful I was in this safe car. With all of the media attention on Toyota, I was worried I made a wrong choice but I was proven wrong 4 days ago. Thanks Toyota!! Disappointed with Quality 2.9 Aaron on 07/06/2010 Performance: 3 Comfort: 2 Fuel Economy: 3 Fun To Drive: 1 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 2 Reliability: 3 Comfort Rating: 2 Performance Rating: 3 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 3 Have owned my Camry for just over 2 years now. Very disappointed in the quality. I always feel like my car is out of alignment/balance and the steering wheel shakes like crazy. I've had it checked multiple times and they dealer says "there's nothing wrong." The seats are very uncomfortable and not good for long drives. I hear sounds coming from the dash that aren't causing issues, but seem out of the ordinary. Had to have tires replaced at 20k, which I thought was ridiculous. Also had to have the brakes replaced at 30k, which seemed too soon as well. The only positive things I have to say about this car are that the new design is great and don't hear road noise. Glad I leased! Camry SE is the best! 4.9 Lia on 06/17/2010 Performance: 5 Comfort: 5 Fuel Economy: 5 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 4 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 5 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 5 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 4 Reliability Rating: 5 I fell in love with this car the second I test drove it. I traded in a 2001 Toyota Highlander because I wanted to get back into a sedan. It's so fun to drive - the pickup is wonderful - and it is so comfortable even on long drives. The bluetooth is nice and I don't have a problem hearing the people on the other end but have had people tell me that sometimes they have trouble hearing me. Overall I am ecstatic about my purchase. No problems thus far. It was part of the recall but the dealership put in all of the new parts overnight which was convenient for me. First Toyota 4.6 spur on 06/14/2010 Performance: 5 Comfort: 4 Fuel Economy: 4 Fun To Drive: 5 Interior Design: 5 Exterior Design: 5 Build Quality: 4 Reliability: 5 Comfort Rating: 4 Performance Rating: 5 Interior Rating: 5 Reliability Rating: 5 This is my first foreign vehicle. I have been very pleased for the most part with this car. I get 29 mpg with a modern looking interior. The car doesn't even have 28,000 miles and they needed to be replaced. I don't squeal the tires, slam on the brakes, or even speed. The tires have even been rotated every 5,000 miles. Another problem I have with the car is the windows. When it is hot, the windows stick and leave a black residue you can never get off. A couple of times I thought the window would detach or motor would break. I guess that will probably be the next recall. Is this Vehicle Safe? 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We’re not sure that a Weeds revival was something that we anticipated taking shape anytime soon and yet, here we are. According to a new report from Variety, Lionsgate is working on a follow-up to their original series alongside star Mary-Louise Parker. The new series would be set ten years after the original show, and in a world now where Parker’s Nancy would be living within a world of legalization. Victoria Morrow, who worked as a writer and later co-executive producer on the original Weeds, will write and executive-produce the new version. (Jenji Kohan, who was the main force behind the original, is reportedly not involved.) What’s also interesting is that it would air on Starz, as opposed to the original network in Showtime. Why the shift? A lot of it has to do with studios, as Lionsgate now owns Starz and they are looking to bring in more content from within their own studios. Today, Lionsgate CEO Jon Feltheimer confirmed this news with the following message — one that also references him working to syndicate the original Mad Men internationally: “As excited as we are about our new series, I want to remind everyone that ‘the old is also new,’ and we’re pleased to be bringing two of the most acclaimed shows in television history, ‘Mad Men’ and ‘Weeds,’ to the global syndication marketplace next year … We will be launching the marketing campaign for ‘Mad Men,’ winner of 16 Emmys and five Golden Globes during its eight-year run, later this month. And we’re thrilled to be back in business with series star and producer Mary Louise Parker on what we’re calling ‘Weeds 4.20,’ already in active development at Starz, as we prepare a comprehensive and integrated rollout for one of television’s most beloved properties.” Is a new Weeds going to really work? The original series had its moments, but there were criticisms way back when that it actually ran for too long when it was on the air. That’s without even considering the idea of a revival! Also, there is the question of whether or not the edginess of the series will be somewhat gone now, considering the changes that have went on in the pot business over the past several years. The taboo nature of the business was a part of the original appeal. Yet, quality will be the judge of the new Weeds, both in terms of if “development” leads to the series happening and then also if viewers like it. Do you think that a Weeds revival on Starz could work? Be sure to share right now in the comments, and remember to stick around for more news. (Photo: Showtime.) Love TV? Be sure to like Matt & Jess on Facebook for more updates! Top Shows Dexter: New Blood Succession The Blacklist Yellowstone NCIS Power Book II: Ghost Cobra Kai YOU Reality TV Survivor The Bachelorette Dancing with the Stars Featured Video Features Money Heist season 6: Is it renewed? Spin-off hopes Recent Posts Chicago Fire season 10 episode 9 photo: A Christmas tree incident Power Book II: Ghost season 2 episode 3 photo: The meet-up The Blacklist season 9 episode 6 photo: First look at Dr. Roberta Sand! Back to Top About Us Privacy Policy / Terms Contact / Advertising All content copyright 2011-2021 CarterMatt.com This site uses cookies to track and store data. By visiting this site, you consent to have cookie data stored. Visit our Privacy Policy for more information.

Cary, NC – Back in 2017, we reported on Cary student Grace Brescia who won first place in King Arthur Flour Baking Contest at the NC State Fair. This year, not only did Brescia win first place in the content’s youth division again but she also took home the blue ribbon in the Great American SPAM Championship. Grace Brescia with her award for her Spam Hawaiian Pigs in a Blanket Prize Winning Food Brescia won first place in the King Arthur Flour Baking Contest’s youth category for her Pumpkin Drop Cookies. Last year, Brescia won for her Peanut Butter Chocolate Brownies so this year she said she wanted to create a more complicated dessert. “Last year it was simple because I used peanut butter and chocolate so now I’m working with more spices in my baking,” Brescia said. “It was a pumpkin spice cookie so I used cloves, nutmeg, spices like that.” This year, Brescia started a culinary class at her high school and she said she is trying to get a well rounded set of skills. “I’m starting to get more into baking, which I hadn’t done much of until around last year,” Brescia said. Not only did Brescia win in the baking competition but she also won first place in a competition for cooking with Spam in the Great American SPAM Championship’s youth category. “The challenge was, I had never tried Spam before so I went out of my comfort zone,” she said. “Its consistency has a meaty texture so it can take on other ingredients and profiles.” Using that tendency to take on other flavors, Brescia made Hawaiian Pigs in a Blanket with a homemade teriyaki sauce. Her imagination in cooking comes from her father Bob Brescia, who also won third place in the Tar Heel Pork Challenge’s adult category for his Island Paradise Pork Skewers. “My mom makes smaller dishes and more home cooking but my dad is always trying new techniques and foods from different cultures, from African to Chinese and more,” she said. Brescia also encourages anyone who enjoys cooking to enter the competitions at future state fairs. “Even if you don’t win, it’s fun to go and see your food there,” she said. To find a list of Grace and Bob Brescia’s winning recipes, go to FoodCary.com Left to right: Grace Brescia in first place, Lila Bender in second place, Joseph Dunatov in third place Story by Michael Papich. Photos courtesy of the North Carolina State Fair. Food content sponsored in part by Great Harvest Bread in Cary. Tags: Food https://carycitizenarchive.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/StateFairContest2018-1.jpg 550 800 Michael Papich https://carycitizenarchive.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/cc-archive-logo-450-v3.png Michael Papich2018-10-30 13:02:352018-10-30 13:15:07Cary Student Wins Two Cooking Competitions at 2018 State Fair

You are at:Home»News Pages»E-Headlines»Employment in Central Oregon Steady: Deschutes County Unemployment Drops Employment in Central Oregon Steady: Deschutes County Unemployment Drops 0 By CBN on October 27, 2016 E-Headlines According to Damon Runberg, economist with State of Oregon Employment Department, Central Oregon continues to post some of the strongest job gains in Oregon. Unemployment levels remained little changed across the region with the exception of Deschutes County, which posted its first unemployment rate drop since February. Crook County: The unemployment rate remained unchanged at 7.4 percent in September from the revised rate in August. The rate is down significantly from last year when it was 8.4 percent. Crook County added 40 jobs in September, which was slightly less than the expected gain of 70 jobs this time of year.Seasonally adjusted employment is only up a modest 15 jobs from the beginning of summer. Local construction firms and leisure and hospitality began to post seasonal declines. Over-the-year job growth continues at a strong pace (+5%), adding 290 jobs from last year. The losses in wood product manufacturing are being overcome by strong construction hiring over the past year. Many of these construction jobs may be temporary, but they are providing a much needed boost to the rural economy. Deschutes County (Bend-Redmond MSA): The unemployment rate declined for the first time since February, dropping to 5.1 percent in September from 5.4 percent in August. The rate is down from last year when it was 5.8 percent.However, this is not a statistically significant decline. Deschutes County added 620 jobs in September. These job gains were concentrated in local school districts as the 2016/17 school year began. With the end of the summer tourism season we began to see declines in the leisure and hospitality sector (-850). Employment levels are up by over 5,000 from this time last year (+6.6%). Deschutes County continues to add jobs at a faster pace than all other metropolitan areas of Oregon. Industry employment growth continues to be diverse with the largest gains in health care, professional and business services, and construction. The only notable losses over the past year were in durable goods manufacturing (-180) and financial activities (-280). Jefferson County:The unemployment rate remained unchanged at 7.1 percent in September from the revised rate in August.The rate was 7.5 percent last September. Jefferson County added 120 jobs in September, typical gains for this time of year. Job gains were concentrated in local government with the start of the school year. The county added around 100 jobs from last year. The rate of job growth (+1.6%) is significantly slower than the statewide growth of 3.3 percent over the past year. Health care and retail accounted for the majority of job gains, while there was slight contraction in wood product manufacturing and mining/ logging. Share. Twitter Facebook Google+ Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Email About Author CBN Related Posts December 2, 2021 0 The 2022 World Press Photo Contest Now Open for Entries December 2, 2021 0 Oregon Food Producer Partners with Food Allergy Research Foundation December 2, 2021 0 NeighborImpact Named a 100 Best Nonprofits to Work For Eighth Year Running Leave A Reply Cancel Reply Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Most Read This Week posted on November 27, 2021 What Makes Steel A Compelling Material For Residential Construction? posted on November 30, 2021 Checking Account: Benefits of Having a Checking Account posted on December 2, 2021 Second Hayden Homes Amphitheater Concert Announcement Subscribe to our FREE E-News Headlines Tuesdays & Thursdays Email About CASCADE BUSINESS NEWS Cascade Business News (CBN), Central Oregon's business newspaper, is local and family-owned and operated by Jeff Martin. CBN is published the first and third Wednesdays of each month. CBN is a division of Cascade Publications Inc. Recent Articles December 2, 2021 0 Duke Warner Real Estate Market Trend Report November 25, 2021 0 OSHA’s ETS: It’s Not a Test Unless OSHA Says It’s a Test November 25, 2021 0 State Officials Remove Outdoor Mask Requirements & Launch New Test to Stay Protocol for Oregon Schools, Outdoor Face Coverings Become a Local School District Decision

Very early in the pre-trial proceedings, the defendants focused on whether the allegations of the indictment… U.S. v. Chandler Very early in the pre-trial proceedings, the defendants focused on whether the allegations of the indictment… 33 Citing Cases Case Details Full title:UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, v. DAVID PARKER, BRENDA… Court:United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit Date published: Mar 15, 1988 Citations Copy Citation 839 F.2d 1473 (11th Cir. 1988) Citing Cases U.S. v. Chandler Very early in the pre-trial proceedings, the defendants focused on whether the allegations of the indictment… U.S. v. Chandler Very early in the pre-trial proceedings, the defendants focused on whether the allegations of the indictment… 33 Citing Cases From Casetext: Smarter Legal Research U.S. v. Parker United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit Mar 15, 1988 839 F.2d 1473 (11th Cir. 1988) Copy Citation Download PDF Check Treatment Summary finding insufficient evidence of a § 371 mail fraud conspiracy where the government's best evidence showed only the defendants' presence at a meeting and because, "[w]hile the evidence clearly shows that the law was violated, there is insufficient evidence of a common agreement. Without evidence showing or tending to show a meeting of the minds to commit an unlawful act, the convictions cannot stand" Summary of this case from U.S. v. Tyson See 8 Summaries Opinion No. 86-3383. March 15, 1988. Bennie Lazzara, Jr., Tampa, Fla., for Parker and Gruber. Dillinger Swisher, Robert H. Dillinger, St. Petersburg, Fla., for Brown. Winkles, Trombley Kynes, Stuart C. Markman, Tampa, Fla., for Anderson. Barry A. Cohen, Rochelle A. Reback, Tampa, Fla., for Kilpatrick. Judy Hoyer, State Atty.'s Office, Tampa, Fla., Maury S. Epner, U.S. Dept. of Justice, Washington, D.C., for U.S. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida. Before JOHNSON and EDMONDSON, Circuit Judges, and HOFFMAN, Senior District Judge. Honorable Walter E. Hoffman, Senior U.S. District Judge for the Eastern District of Virginia, sitting by designation. WALTER E. HOFFMAN, Senior District Judge: Appellants were convicted of conspiracy and mail fraud under 18 U.S.C. § 1341. Appellant Lonnie O'Shea Kilpatrick is president and sole owner of Government Securities, Inc. (GIC), a licensed securities broker in Florida primarily dealing in government insured investments. In an effort to generate cash needed to meet the company's financial obligations, Kilpatrick devised a plan to sell short-term investments backed by long-term bonds. At a company sales meeting, Kilpatrick explained the investment to his brokers as a ninety-day instrument yielding 10 1/4%, collateralized by $10 to $12 million in government bonds. The brokers successfully sold the instruments, representing to their clients that the investments were backed by the federal government. After each sale the broker mailed to the customer a sales confirmation along with a brochure explaining the investment. Kilpatrick's plan turned out to be fraudulent. Instead of $10 to $12 million, as represented by Kilpatrick, GIC had less than $500,000 in bonds to back over $6 million worth of ninety-day instruments. Consequently, the government closed GIC and indicted Kilpatrick along with his four top salespersons on conspiracy and mail fraud counts. After a week-long trial, a jury returned guilty verdicts against each appellant on both the conspiracy and mail fraud charges. This appeal challenges 1) the sufficiency of the evidence adduced at trial to sustain the convictions, 2) the district court's refusal to instruct the jury that the appellants' good faith reliance on the advice of counsel could negate the intent to defraud, and 3) the district court's failure to instruct the jury, sua sponte, that certain extrinsic act evidence should be considered for a limited purpose. After careful review of the record below, we find the evidence insufficient to uphold the convictions of appellants on the conspiracy count, insufficient to uphold the convictions of appellant salespersons on the fraud counts, but sufficient to uphold appellant Kilpatrick's convictions on the fraud counts. Accordingly, we affirm in part and reverse in part. FACTS Appellants Brenda Brown, Charles Gruber, Ingrid Anderson and David Parker worked as securities brokers for GIC, a licensed securities dealer in Florida, wholly owned by its president, the appellant Lonnie Kilpatrick. GIC primarily sold government backed securities such as Ginnie Maes (securities backed by Government National Mortgage Association) and Freddie Macs (securities backed by Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation). In addition, GIC sold zero coupon bonds, also known as CATs, Tigers and TBRs, depending upon the brokerage house offering the bonds. Zero coupon bonds are treasury bonds that have had the interest coupons clipped by the purchaser of the bonds. This purchaser sells the remaining bond for about 10% of its face value. The deep discount reflects the many years, usually fifteen to thirty, that remain until the bond may be redeemed at face value. The obvious disadvantage of investing in zero coupon bonds as well as Ginnie Maes and Freddie Macs is the long period between initial investment and maturity. The advantage of these long-term investments is the security afforded by United States Government backing. Ginnie Maes, Freddie Macs and zero coupon bonds all have lengthy periods between issuance and maturity of the investment. Ginnie Maes and Freddie Macs, however, provide their holders with periodic interest payments and principal, while zero coupon bonds provide a single large payoff upon maturity. Recognizing a market for short-term investments, GIC set up the "Southern Bond" and "Delmar" trusts. Investments in these trusts provided a return in six months. The trusts were backed by Ginnie Maes, Freddie Macs, zero coupon bonds and income producing property. In early 1985, Florida's Division of Securities determined that GIC's offering of the Southern Bond and Delmar trusts was in reality the sale of unregistered securities. Since GIC was not licensed to sell such investments, the Division of Securities entered an administrative order against the firm threatening to revoke its registration. After negotiations with Florida's Comptroller of the Currency, GIC, through Kilpatrick, entered into a stipulation and consent order in which the state agreed to drop the charges and GIC agreed to liquidate the dubious trusts and repay its customers. The schedule of payments in the consent order required GIC to pay $10.3 million to its customers between July 1 and November 1, 1985. Unfortunately, the money invested in the trusts was more than the trusts were worth. Consequently, GIC found itself with a cash flow problem when it began liquidating the trusts and trying to repay customers. According to the record, the Delmar trust was made up of government bonds along with income producing property. Under the stipulation and consent order, GIC had to liquidate the trust, including the property, to repay its customers. For reasons unclear in the record, GIC was unable to liquidate the income producing property. Consequently, GIC could not make payments under the consent decree without increasing the company's cash flow. This case stems from the plan Kilpatrick devised to generate cash. On or about June 14, 1985, at a manager's meeting in Tampa, Kilpatrick allegedly "dreamed up" a plan to increase cash flow for the company and thus meet the financial burden imposed by the consent decree. The plan involved selling short-term investments Kilpatrick labeled "zero coupon treasury instruments" (ZCTIs). Kilpatrick explained that GIC had $10 to $12 million worth of zero coupon bonds in the company vault in Olive Branch, Mississippi. He instructed his sales staff, including appellants Brown, Gruber, Anderson and Parker to sell the ZCTIs as ninety-day investments. Ninety days after sale, GIC would repurchase the instrument, giving the customer a 10 1/4% yield. Kilpatrick explained that the investment instruments were collateralized by the zero coupon bonds in Olive Branch. He specifically instructed the brokers to represent that the 10 1/4% was "earnings" and not "interest." He also made clear that the brokers were selling "instruments" and not the actual zero coupon bonds. During the meeting, Kilpatrick allegedly spoke to the company attorney by phone who informed Kilpatrick that the proposed instrument was not an unregistered security and, therefore, GIC could market the instrument legally. The record reveals nothing more discussed at the manager's meeting concerning ZCTIs. From the time of the manager's meeting until the state closed GIC in October of 1985, the appellant salespersons sold over $6 million worth of ZCTIs, mostly to repeat customers interested in low risk government investments. The brokers told the customers that ZCTIs were safe since they were "government backed." In September of 1985, in an effort to assure compliance with the consent order, the state sent an agent to GIC's Tampa headquarters. While in Tampa, the agent first learned of GIC's offering of the ZCTIs. Kilpatrick explained to the agent that the instruments were backed by $10 to $12 million worth of zero coupon bonds which were kept in the company vault in Olive Branch. On September 23 and 24, the state conducted simultaneous investigations of GIC's Tampa and Olive Branch offices. Instead of finding $10 to $12 million in bonds, as represented by Kilpatrick, state agents discovered a mere $405,000 worth of bonds in Olive Branch to collateralize several million dollars worth of ZCTIs. The state immediately closed GIC, which subsequently filed bankruptcy. Shortly after the state closed GIC, the federal government arrested appellants Kilpatrick, Brown, Gruber, Anderson and Parker, charging them with conspiracy to commit mail fraud and substantive mail fraud under 18 U.S.C. § 1341. Count I of the indictment alleged that the appellants knowingly and willfully conspired to commit mail fraud. Counts II through IX charged that the appellants devised a scheme to defraud customers of GIC by inducing the customers, through false representations, to invest in the ZCTIs. The indictment charged that the appellants knowingly used the United States Mail to accomplish the scheme. § 1341 Frauds and swindles Whoever, having devised or intending to devise any scheme or artifice to defraud, . . . for the purpose of executing such scheme or artifice or attempting to do so, places in any post office or authorized depository for mail matter, any matter or thing whatever to be sent or delivered by the postal service . . . shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than five years or both. 18 U.S.C. § 1341 After a week-long trial, the jury returned guilty verdicts against each appellant on both the conspiracy and mail fraud charges. This appeal challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to support the convictions. In addition, appellants Kilpatrick and Anderson challenge as reversible error the district judge's refusal to instruct the jury that good faith reliance on the advice of counsel is a defense to mail fraud. Finally, Kilpatrick, challenges as reversible error the district court's failure to instruct the jury sua sponte, to consider evidence of the consent decree for a limited purpose. I. CONSPIRACY In reviewing the lower court ruling, we must consider the evidence in a light most favorable to the government, drawing all reasonable inferences from the evidence and resolving all credibility choices in favor of the verdict. Glasser v. United States, 315 U.S. 60, 62 S.Ct. 457, 86 L.Ed. 680 (1942); United States v. Plotke, 725 F.2d 1303, 1396 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 843, 105 S.Ct. 151, 83 L.Ed.2d 89 (1984). We will reverse convictions as unsupported by the evidence only if a reasonable mind must entertain reasonable doubt about the guilt of the defendants. United States v. McCrary, 699 F.2d 1308, 1311-12 (11th Cir. 1983). Upon careful examination of the record below, we find that the evidence does not support the appellants' conspiracy convictions. To support a conspiracy conviction, the government must prove 1) an agreement to commit an unlawful act and 2) an overt act by one of the conspirators in furtherance of the conspiracy. United States v. Sawyer, 799 F.2d 1494, 1401-02 (11th Cir. 1986), cert. denied, ___ U.S. ___, 107 S.Ct. 961, 93 L.Ed.2d 1009 (1987); United States v. Tombrello, 666 F.2d 485, 490 (11th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 994, 102 S.Ct. 2279, 73 L.Ed.2d 1291 (1982); United States v. Wieschenberg, 604 F.2d 326, 331 (5th Cir. 1979). The record is void of any expressed agreement between appellants to defraud GIC customers. Conspiracy to defraud, however, "may be inferred from the actions of the actors or by the circumstantial evidence of a scheme." United States v. Cole, 755 F.2d 748, 755 (11th Cir. 1985). The government contends that, even without an expressed agreement to defraud, the evidence supporting a conspiracy conviction is sufficient when it establishes that "all alleged coconspirators directed their efforts toward the accomplishment of a single goal or common purpose." United States v. Elam, 678 F.2d 1234, 1245 (5th Cir. 1982). The appellants certainly directed their efforts toward the common goal of making money for themselves and their employer. But to support a conspiracy conviction, the evidence must establish a common agreement to violate the law. Elam, 678 F.2d at 1245. While the evidence clearly shows that the law was violated, there is insufficient evidence of a common agreement. Without evidence showing or tending to show a meeting of the minds to commit an unlawful act, the convictions cannot stand. The best evidence the government offers to show a conspiracy to defraud is the presence of all the appellants at the June 14 manager's meeting where Kilpatrick first introduced the ZCTIs. Two government witnesses present at the meeting testified that nothing was said at the meeting that would give rise to suspicion. The record may show that the June 14th meeting was the birthplace of Kilpatrick's fraudulent scheme, but no evidence suggests that the meeting was the birthplace of a conspiracy on the part of the sales brokers to defraud GIC customers. The government also contends that the appellants had substantial motivation to enter Kilpatrick's fraudulent scheme. The record shows that Kilpatrick alluded to the company's financial troubles at the June 14 meeting. From this evidence, the government argues that the appellants knew GIC was on the verge of insolvency and therefore conspired to commit fraud in order to preserve their jobs. Without more, a reasonable trier of fact could not construe this evidence as sufficient motivation to enter a criminal conspiracy. We therefore reverse the conspiracy convictions of appellant sales brokers. The law is well settled that existence of a coconspirator is not only an element of the crime of conspiracy, but the very essence of the crime. United States v. Pearson, 667 F.2d 12, 13 (5th Cir. Unit B 1982). Acquitting appellants Brown, Gruber, Anderson and Parker of conspiracy leaves only "others, both known and unknown" listed in the indictment with whom Kilpatrick could have conspired. Since the record contains insufficient evidence to establish that Kilpatrick schemed with these "other" conspirators to defraud GIC customers, we must also reverse Kilpatrick's conviction on the conspiracy count. II. MAIL FRAUD While we find the evidence insufficient to support conspiracy convictions, the question remains whether the record below supports appellants' convictions of mail fraud under 18 U.S.C. section 1341. In reviewing the district court ruling we are reminded of the rule requiring us to view the record in a light most favorable to the government. To convict appellants of mail fraud, the government must prove 1) participation in a scheme to defraud, and 2) that the appellant connected with the scheme used or caused use of the mails in furtherance of the scheme. United States v. Haimowitz, 725 F.2d 1561, 1568-69 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1072, 105 S.Ct. 563, 83 L.Ed.2d 504 (1984); United States v. Hartley, 678 F.2d 961, 985 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 1170, 103 S.Ct. 815, 74 L.Ed.2d 1014 (1982). As to appellants Brown, Gruber, Anderson, and Parker, we find the evidence insufficient to support the mail fraud convictions. As to appellant Kilpatrick, we find the evidence sufficient to support the jury verdict and therefore affirm his conviction. A. Salespersons As discussed earlier, a scheme to defraud GIC customers is apparent in the record. GIC faced a serious cash flow problem arising out of the consent decree. To solve the problem, Kilpatrick instructed his brokers to sell ZCTIs which he represented were backed by sufficient zero coupon bonds. Kilpatrick made the same representation to a government agent who was in GIC's Tampa office checking the company's compliance with the consent decree. Of course, the bonds did not come close to covering the investment instruments. Nothing in the record suggests that Kilpatrick was misled or innocently mistaken concerning the amount of bonds in the Olive Branch vault. Furthermore, Kilpatrick used the proceeds from ZCTI sales to meet the company's immediate financial obligations. From this evidence the jury is entitled, if not compelled, to infer a scheme to defraud GIC customers. The record also clearly indicates that the mails were used to implement the scheme. Every sale mentioned in the indictment was made by phone. After a sale, the broker sent a confirmation notice to the customer, along with a brochure explaining the new investment. Since mailing confirmation notices or letters was an essential part of this scheme, use of the mail was sufficient to bring Kilpatrick's plan within the purview of 18 U.S.C. § 1341. Haimowitz, 725 F.2d at 1571. The record below, however, fails to disclose a crucial element of the crime of mail fraud. Unless the appellants intended to defraud GIC customers, the convictions cannot stand. United States v. Kreimer, 609 F.2d 126, 128 (5th Cir. 1980). We have already determined that the record does not show a conspiracy with Kilpatrick to defraud. If, however, appellants joined Kilpatrick's scheme after its inception, they have the criminal intent necessary for conviction under the statute. United States v. Toney, 598 F.2d 1349, 1356 (5th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1033, 100 S.Ct. 706, 62 L.Ed.2d 670 (1980). The only evidence in the record even remotely suggesting that the salespersons intentionally joined Kilpatrick's scheme is their enormous success at selling ZCTIs. Unindicted in this case are six other GIC salespersons who accounted for 16% of the total ZCTIs sold. The government argues that the appellant salespersons' success as compared to the other brokers was necessarily accomplished by misrepresentations arising out of Kilpatrick's overall scheme. We find that this evidence alone cannot remove all reasonable doubt as to whether the salespersons joined Kilpatrick's plan. The government fails to consider other criteria that may account for the salespersons' success, such as personal skills or motivation. Furthermore, the record contains no evidence that the salespersons at any time discovered or learned of the empty vault in Olive Branch. Without more, the government fails to establish beyond a reasonable doubt that the salespersons joined Kilpatrick's scheme and thus possessed the intent to defraud. The government argues, however, that the failure to check the Olive Branch vault represents a "reckless disregard of the truth" satisfying the intent element of this crime. See Sawyer, 799 F.2d at 1502; United States v. Frick, 588 F.2d 531, 536 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 441 U.S. 913, 99 S.Ct. 2013, 60 L.Ed.2d 385 (1979). The government's argument would have merit if the salespersons were under a duty to investigate the backing of the securities they were selling. Nothing in the record suggests such a duty. Common sense dictates that a securities broker cannot be expected to travel to the company vault to make sure his superiors have acquired sufficient collateral to back each investment sold. In the instant case, we find that the salespersons had no duty to investigate the backing of the securities they sold. In addition, the record is void of any seriously suspicious circumstances that would alert the average broker of potential fraud. In this respect, the instant case differs dramatically from United States v. Simon, et al., 839 F.2d 1461, decided today. In Simon, the appellants were selling oil and gas leases located in Alaska for $10,000, promising customers a virtually risk-free return of several times the initial investment. All of the appellants in Simon worked for men whom they knew were involved in prior fraudulent operations. Furthermore, several customers put the appellants in Simon on notice of potential fraud by asking about recent newspaper and magazine articles concerning the fraudulent sale of Alaskan oil and gas leases. In sum, the evidence in Simon was sufficient to allow reasonable jurors to conclude that the appellants turned their backs on the truth in order to sell a product to unsuspecting customers. Finally, the government intimates that the success at selling ZCTIs is attributed to personal misrepresentations apart from Kilpatrick's overall scheme. In its brief, the government argues that "even if appellants truly were unaware of the absence of ZCTI collateral, it does not follow that their representations to investors were not fraudulent." The government contends that the appellants "represented not merely that the ZCTIs were backed by federally insured bonds, but were themselves so insured." Such a representation, the government contends, is fraudulent regardless of whether sufficient zero coupon bonds exist to collateralize the instruments. Only the zero coupon bonds themselves are actually government insured. Thus, any short term investment that is backed by zero coupon bonds is a "step removed" from actual government insurance. The only party liable on the ZCTIs is GIC, not the federal government. Consequently, the government contends, the ZCTI is much more risky than investments directly insured by the government. Since ZCTIs are a "step removed" from direct government insurance, they are, in the government's words, "only as good as the company issuing them." Citing United States v. Pearlstein, 576 F.2d 531 (3rd Cir. 1978), the appellants contend that, under the circumstances of this case, the court cannot convict them of mail fraud. In Pearlstein, a jury convicted salesmen of mail fraud based on misrepresentations concerning a writing pen distributorship. While conceding the existence of an overall scheme to defraud, the salesmen maintained that they were ignorant of the scheme. The Third Circuit reversed their convictions, noting that "although . . . a separate scheme to defraud could have been hatched by these salesmen within the overall scheme, such individual schemes were neither alleged nor proven by the government in this case." Id. at 545 (citations omitted). The salespersons in the instant case maintain that, if they made misrepresentations amounting to fraud, such misrepresentations were no part of Kilpatrick's overall scheme. Consequently, they argue, the court cannot convict them of mail fraud since the indictment charges them with the overall fraud. Since we ultimately find that the appellant-brokers did not intentionally defraud GIC's customers, we need not decide whether the Third Circuit's position in Pearlstein applies in this circuit. The government's argument is persuasive, but unsupported by the evidence. The record reveals that both appellants Brown and Gruber told their customers that the ZCTIs were "safe investments" that were "backed by the government," but not that the investment was government insured. Similarly, the record shows that appellant Parker told his customers that ZCTIs were "safe investments" which were "backed by the government" and that the customers had "nothing to worry about." The record does not show that Parker represented the ZCTIs as government insured. Finally, the record shows that appellant Anderson told her clients that the instruments in question were "good investments" which were "backed by the government," but not that the instruments were directly insured by the government. In sum, the record below does not show that the appellant salespersons represented to any person named in the indictment that ZCTIs were government insured. In oral argument before this court, however, the government strayed from the position taken in its brief. After arguing that the heart of the fraud in this case stems from the representation that ZCTIs were insured by the government when they were merely backed by government bonds, counsel for the government stated: "If you say this security is backed by the government, you're saying this security is insured by the United States." There seems to be some confusion in the record, in the government's brief, and in oral argument as to whether "backed" or "insured" by the government is a misrepresentation when describing ZCTIs. In oral argument the government eventually, and not surprisingly, took the position that both representations were fraudulent. We disagree. The representation that the instruments in question were "backed by the government" does not supply the criminal intent necessary to uphold appellants' convictions under these circumstances. Assuming the ZCTIs were fully collateralized by zero coupon bonds, as represented to the salespersons, the instruments could reasonably be characterized as government backed securities. Whatever may happen to the issuing company, a customer could always fall back on the zero coupon bonds to recover his investment. Indeed, the government's own witnesses testified that, had the ZCTIs been fully collateralized, they would have been perfectly legal. On cross-examination, Simon Canasi, a securities broker testifying as an expert for the government, said that an investment is as safe as the United States Government "as long as [the] instrument is held in the customer's name and that investment is collateralized by U.S. Government securities." On direct examination, Mr. Canasi expressed concern over a broker who retains collateral on investments. Canasi testified that, if a brokerage house keeps the collateral securing an investment, then the investment is only as safe as the brokerage house itself. Canasi made clear, however, that as long as a firm maintained sufficient security for their investments, the operation would be legal. Similarly, William Reilly of Florida's Bureau of Securities Dealers Examinations testified that ZCTIs were perfectly legal as long as GIC maintained sufficient zero coupon bonds to secure the investments. This testimony makes clear that the fraud in the instant case was not representing ZCTIs as government backed, but rather failing to secure and maintain sufficient backing for the ZCTIs. Perhaps a better description of the ZCTIs is an investment "collateralized by government bonds" or "backed by government backed bonds." While appellants may have been somewhat loose with their description of the instruments, we find that the characterization of ZCTIs as "government backed" is not wholly unfounded and, under the facts of this case, certainly is not criminal. Therefore, we reverse appellants' convictions on the mail fraud counts. We do not pass upon whether the characterization of ZCTIs as "government insured" might amount to fraud since there is no evidence in the record that the salespersons made such representations. B. Kilpatrick The remaining issue we must decide is whether the jury properly convicted Kilpatrick on the substantive mail fraud counts. In his defense Kilpatrick argues first that the evidence presented in the trial below was insufficient to establish that there was a scheme to defraud customers, a necessary element of the crime. We find this contention without merit. The evidence clearly shows that Kilpatrick knew that the ZCTIs were not properly collateralized. Kilpatrick argues, however, that he fully intended to purchase a sufficient amount of bonds to cover the investment. He claims that his understanding was that the bonds were necessary only when the ZCTIs mature, i.e., ninety days after sale. Such an understanding has no basis in logic. There is no reason to purchase collateral to secure an investment after the investment matures. After maturity, the risk inherent in any investment is over. Furthermore, Kilpatrick did not represent to his brokers or to the government agent that the investments would eventually be backed by government bonds; he represented that the ZCTIs were backed by bonds before they were sold. Kilpatrick next intimates that, when referring to zero coupon bonds, he represented the face value of the bonds and not the market value. The face value of a zero coupon bond is its value in fifteen to thirty years. In the instant case, the actual or market value of the bonds was ten cents on the dollar. Thus, Kilpatrick maintains that his representation that GIC had $10 to $12 million in bonds actually meant that the company had between $1 and $1.2 million in collateral. But GIC brokers sold over $6 million worth of ZCTIs. The record reflects no reason to believe Kilpatrick thought $1.2 million in collateral could secure $6 million in investments. Kilpatrick does not challenge whether he caused use of the mails in his scheme to defraud. In any event, conviction under this statute does not require that the defendant actually intended to use the mails, but only that he acted with knowledge that the mails would be used in the ordinary course of business. United States v. Martino, 648 F.2d 367, 401 (5th Cir. 1981), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 943, 102 S.Ct. 2006, 72 L.Ed.2d 465 (1982). There is sufficient evidence to allow the jury to conclude that Kilpatrick caused use of the mails or at least reasonably could foresee its use in furthering his scheme. Martino, 648 F.2d at 401; United States v. Georgalis, 631 F.2d 1199, 1206 (5th Cir. 1980). In oral argument before this court, counsel for Kilpatrick argued that, if appellant salespersons were acquitted of the mail fraud charges, then we must also acquit Kilpatrick since he was indicted as an aider and abettor to mail fraud. The law is well settled that, while conviction of a principal is not a prerequisite to the conviction of an aider and abettor, the government must nonetheless establish beyond a reasonable doubt that the alleged offense was committed by someone. United States v. Barfield, 447 F.2d 85, 89 (5th Cir. 1971); United States v. Merriwether, 329 F. Supp. 1156, 1159-60 (S.D.Ala. 1972), affirmed, 469 F.2d 1406 (5th Cir. 1972). We have found that the brokers named in the indictment did not commit mail fraud. In the indictment, however, the government did not charge Kilpatrick as an aider and abettor, but as a principal. While the government briefed the case as though Kilpatrick was an aider and abettor, the government, to its advantage, is nonetheless bound by the indictment. The evidence supports Kilpatrick's conviction as a principal. Kilpatrick argues, however, that we cannot uphold his conviction as a principal since he had no direct contact with GIC's defrauded customers. His lack of contact with the victims does not insulate Kilpatrick from criminal liability. Misrepresentation is not an element of the crime with which Kilpatrick is charged. To secure a mail fraud conviction, all the government must prove is 1) the existence of a scheme to defraud, which we find in the record, and 2) use of the mails by the defendant to further the scheme, which also is reflected in the record. Haimowitz, 725 F.2d at 1568-69; Hartley, 678 F.2d at 985. Therefore, Kilpatrick's conviction may stand regardless of whether he actually made misrepresentations directly to GIC customers. Kilpatrick's remaining challenges to the trial below merit little attention. Kilpatrick asserts that the trial judge committed reversible error in failing to instruct the jury that good faith reliance on the advice of counsel is a bar to charges of mail fraud. The record, however, does not reflect a need for the instruction. GIC's attorney told Kilpatrick that the ZCTIs were exempt securities and therefore legal even though not registered. The attorney did not tell Kilpatrick he could sell exempt securities regardless of whether he had sufficient collateral for the securities. Counsel's advice does not concern the matter presented in the indictment. Consequently, we find no error in the trial judge's refusal to grant Kilpatrick's "good faith reliance" instruction. See United States v. Johnson, 730 F.2d 683, 686 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 867, 105 S.Ct. 211, 83 L.Ed.2d 142 (1984). To succeed with a defense of good faith reliance on the advice of counsel, the defendant must show that 1) he fully disclosed all relevant facts to his counsel and 2) he relied in good faith on his counsel's advice. United States v. Johnson, 730 F.2d 683, 686 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 867, 105 S.Ct. 211, 83 L.Ed.2d 142 (1984); United States v. Smith, 523 F.2d 771, 778 (5th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 817, 97 S.Ct. 59, 50 L.Ed.2d 76 (1976). The record does not reveal that Kilpatrick told his attorney that Kilpatrick failed to attain sufficient collateral for the instruments his brokers were selling. Therefore, prong one of the "good faith reliance" defense was never satisfied. Finally, Kilpatrick claims the district court committed reversible error in failing to instruct the jury, sua sponte, that the court admitted evidence of the consent decree for a limited purpose. United States v. Cortez, 757 F.2d 1204, 1207 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 474 U.S. 945, 106 S.Ct. 310, 88 L.Ed.2d 287 (1985). Such omission does not amount to "plain error" resulting in "a miscarriage of justice" in the instant case. United States v. Young, 470 U.S. 1, 15, 105 S.Ct. 1038, 1046, 84 L.Ed.2d 1, 12-13 (1985); United States v. Atkinson, 297 U.S. 157, 160, 56 S.Ct. 391, 392, 80 L.Ed. 555, 557 (1936). For the foregoing reasons, we reverse the lower court's convictions of appellants Brown, Gruber, Parker and Anderson on both the conspiracy and fraud counts. We reverse the lower court conviction of Kilpatrick on the conspiracy count and affirm the conviction on the fraud counts. AFFIRMED in part, REVERSED in part. Summaries of U.S. v. Parker United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit Mar 15, 1988 839 F.2d 1473 (11th Cir. 1988) finding insufficient evidence of a § 371 mail fraud conspiracy where the government's best evidence showed only the defendants' presence at a meeting and because, "[w]hile the evidence clearly shows that the law was violated, there is insufficient evidence of a common agreement. Without evidence showing or tending to show a meeting of the minds to commit an unlawful act, the convictions cannot stand" Summary of this case from U.S. v. Tyson finding insufficient evidence of a § 371 mail fraud conspiracy where the government's best evidence showed only the defendants' presence at a meeting and because, "[w]hile the evidence clearly shows that the law was violated, there is insufficient evidence of a common agreement. Without evidence showing or tending to show a meeting of the minds to commit an unlawful act, the convictions cannot stand" Summary of this case from U.S. v. Tyson finding insufficient evidence that salespersons had conspired with the principals Summary of this case from U.S. v. Shankman In United States v. Parker, 839 F.2d 1473, 1478 (11th Cir. 1988), this Court reversed the conviction of salesmen who had no reason to suspect that the securities they traded lacked sufficient collateral. Summary of this case from United States v. Donaldson In Parker, the Eleventh Circuit held that the evidence was insufficient to support the defendants' convictions of mail fraud because the defendants, security brokers for a licensed security dealer, were not alerted to any unusual circumstances surrounding their sale of short-term investments their employer assured them were adequately collateralized. Summary of this case from United States v. Behr In Parker, on the other hand, the appellants had no reason to suspect that the securities they were selling lacked sufficient collateral. Summary of this case from U.S. v. Simon In Parker, we refused to hold brokers criminally liable for failing to confirm representations made to them by their superiors. Summary of this case from U.S. v. Simon In United States v. Parker, 839 F.2d 1473 (11th Cir. 1988), in which the Eleventh Circuit reversed the convictions of several defendants for conspiracy to commit fraud, the Government's "best evidence" of the conspiracy was a meeting among the defendants which supposedly gave birth to the conspiracy. Summary of this case from U.S. v. Reinhold Case details for U.S. v. Parker Case Details Full title:UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, v. DAVID PARKER, BRENDA… Court:United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit Date published: Mar 15, 1988 Citations Copy Citation 839 F.2d 1473 (11th Cir. 1988) Citing Cases U.S. v. Chandler Very early in the pre-trial proceedings, the defendants focused on whether the allegations of the indictment… U.S. v. Chandler Very early in the pre-trial proceedings, the defendants focused on whether the allegations of the indictment…

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Digital copy of La Chasse Centre log sheet numbers 1 to 3 relating to an individual [presumed to be Witness 76]. [Some details redacted]. Used as evidence in relation to Witness 76's witness statement to the Inquiry dated 12 August 2014 [C/D/AW1/B3/14/WS000166]. Reference: C/D/AW1/A1/11/WD000793 Date: February 25th 1997 - July 4th 1997 Digital copy of entry by Child Care Officer relating to Witness 48. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 48. [Some details redacted]. Used as evidence in relation to Witness 48's witness statement to the Inquiry dated 27 December 2015 [C/D/AW1/B1/8/WS000406]. Reference: C/D/AW1/A1/5/WD003481 Date: October 1st 1981 - October 1st 1981 Digital copy of entry by Senior Child Care Officer Anton Skinner relating to Witness 48 and his siblings. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 48. [Some details redacted]. Used as evidence in relation to Witness 48's witness statement to the Inquiry dated 27 December 2015 [C/D/AW1/B1/8/WS000406]. Reference: C/D/AW1/A1/5/WD003482 Date: February 3rd 1983 - February 3rd 1983 Digital copy of notes relating to Witness 73. Signed by Pauline Vautier in place of Danny Wherry. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 73. [Some details redacted]. Used as evidence in relation to Witness 73's witness statement to the Inquiry dated 14 September 2014 [C/D/AW1/B1/11/WS000443]. Reference: C/D/AW1/A1/9/WD003893 Date: November 11th 2004 - November 29th 2004 Digital copy of a Report on Witness 85. [Some details redacted]. Undated, c. 1990 to 1992. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 85. For Witness 85's statement to the States of Jersey Police dated 4 June 2008, see C/D/AW1/B1/10/WS000112. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/15/WD000435 Date: 1990 - 1992 Digital copy of a Letter from Witness 85 to [Child Care Officer] [Richard] Davenport. [Some details redacted]. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 85. For Witness 85's statement to the States of Jersey Police dated 4 June 2008, see C/D/AW1/B1/10/WS000112. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/15/WD000502 Date: 1998 - 1998 Digital copy of a Letter from Senior Child Care Officer [Anne] Herrod to Witness 85. [Some details redacted]. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 85. For Witness 85's statement to the States of Jersey Police dated 4 June 2008, see C/D/AW1/B1/10/WS000112. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/15/WD000503 Date: 1993 - 1993 Digital copy of a witness statement from a former member of staff at Haut de la Garenne relating to Witness 184's residence at Haut de la Garenne. Page 3 of 3. Undated. [Some details redacted]. For Witness 184's statements to States of Jersey Police dated 18 March 2008 and 30 April 2008 see C/D/AW1/B1/2/1/18/WS000135 and C/D/AW1/B1/2/1/18/WS000136 respectively. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/6/1/23/WD001221 Digital copy of a Case Note by Child Care Officer Mr R [Richard] Davenport. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 155. [Some details redacted]. Used as evidence in relation to Witness 155's witness statement to States of Jersey Police dated 9 April 2008 [C/D/AW1/B1/2/2/11/WS000345]. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/6/2/17/WD002709 Date: May 3rd 1985 - May 3rd 1986 Digital copy of a Letter from [Witness 182's stepfather] to [Child Care Officer] Mr [Hal] Coomer. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 182. [Some details redacted]. For Witness 182's witness statements to States of Jersey Police see C/D/AW1/B1/2/2/16. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/6/2/23/WD003246 Date: 1980 - 1980 Digital copy of a witness statement [from a former member of staff of Haut de la Garenne] to States of Jersey Police as part of Operation Rectangle. Provided in the presence of D C [Detective Constable] [Angela] Harvey. Undated, c. 2007 to 2009. [Some details redacted]. For Witness 13's statements to States of Jersey Police dated 29 February 2008, 2 May 2008, 30 March 2009, and 1 December 2009 see C/D/AW1/B1/2/2/2/WS000354, C/D/AW1/B1/2/2/2/WS000355, C/D/AW1/B1/2/2/2/WS000356, and C/D/AW1/B1/2/2/2/WS000357 respectively. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/6/2/3/WD002866 Date: 2007 - 2009 Digital copy of entry by Child Care Officer Richard Davenport relating to Witness 28's potential move to [Basil Lodge Hostel] operated by the Jersey Association of Youth and Friendship. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 28. [Some details redacted]. Used as evidence in relation to Witness 28's witness statement to the Inquiry dated 15 January 2015 [C/D/AW1/B3/5/WS000334]. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/6/2/5/WD002349 Date: January 25th 1980 - January 31st 1980 Digital copy of Social Enquiry Report from the Children's Office for the Jersey Juvenile Court relating to Witness 28. Signed by Child Care Officer Dorothy Inglis and Children's Officer C A Smith. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 28. [Some details redacted]. Used as evidence in relation to Witness 28's witness statement to the Inquiry dated 15 January 2015 [C/D/AW1/B3/5/WS000334]. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/6/2/5/WD002422 Date: May 21st 1980 - May 21st 1980 Digital copy of report to the Juvenile Court relating to Witness 28. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 28. [Some details redacted]. Used as evidence in relation to Witness 28's witness statement to the Inquiry dated 15 January 2015 [C/D/AW1/B3/5/WS000334]. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/6/2/5/WD002423 Date: May 19th 1980 - May 19th 1980 Digital copy of Social Enquiry Report from the Children's Office for the Jersey Juvenile Court relating to Witness 28. Signed by Child Care Officer Dorothy Inglis and Children's Officer C A Smith. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 28. [Some details redacted]. Used as evidence in relation to Witness 28's witness statement to the Inquiry dated 15 January 2015 [C/D/AW1/B3/5/WS000334]. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/6/2/5/WD002424 Date: September 19th 1980 - September 19th 1980 Digital copy of a Memorandum from [a member of Haut de la Garenne staff] to [Children's Officer] Mr [C A] Smith. Taken from the Children's Services client file of Witness 98. [Some details redacted]. For Witness 98's statement to States of Jersey Police dated 9 April 2008 see C/D/AW1/B1/2/2/6/WS000344. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/6/2/8/WD002687 Date: May 18th 1975 - May 18th 1975 Digital copy of a Newscutting of an advertisement for the role within the Children's Service working as a Residential Child Care Officer at Heathfield. Undated, c. 1987 to 1991. [Some details redacted]. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/7/1/WD004667 Date: 1987 - 1991 Digital copy of a Job Description for the post of Preventative Worker within the Adolsecent Service Team at Heathfield. [Some details redacted]. Reference: C/D/AW1/A3/7/1/WD004669 Date: March 17th 1989 - March 17th 1989 Digital copy of an Act of the Education Committee concerning the withdrawal of an offer of a position at Heathfield Children's Home following receipt of the applicant's police record. [Some details redacted].

has been performing for Houston audiences for over 20 years. Catastrophic Theatre: The Blackest Shore, Detroit, A Very Tamarie Christmas, Middletown, Marie and Bruce, Tamarie Cooper’s Old as Hell, There is a Happiness That Morning Is, Waiting for Godot, Fleaven, Tamarie Cooper’s DOOMSDAY REVUE, American Falls, The United States of Tamarie, Paradise Hotel, Bluefinger, The Tamarie Cooper Show (2008, 2009), Spirits to Enforce, Our Late Night. Infernal Bridegroom Productions: Tamalalia (4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10), The Danube, In the Under Thunderloo, We Have Some Planes, Phaedra’s Love, Actual Air, Meatbar, Jerry’s World, Rhinoceros, Baal, Medea, Microscope Maintenance and Repair, Speeding Motorcycle, Hide Town, Twenty Love Songs. Kyle has also worked in productions with Zachary Scott Theatre, Stages Repertory Theatre, Houston Shakespeare Festival, Children’s Theatre Festival, Brazosport Lazer Pantherz, Slump, Mystery Café, University of Houston School of Theatre, and Edward Albee workshops.

has been performing for Houston audiences for over 20 years. Catastrophic Theatre: The Blackest Shore, Detroit, A Very Tamarie Christmas, Middletown, Marie and Bruce, Tamarie Cooper’s Old as Hell, There is a Happiness That Morning Is, Waiting for Godot, Fleaven, Tamarie Cooper’s DOOMSDAY REVUE, American Falls, The United States of Tamarie, Paradise Hotel, Bluefinger, The Tamarie Cooper Show (2008, 2009), Spirits to Enforce, Our Late Night. Infernal Bridegroom Productions: Tamalalia (4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10), The Danube, In the Under Thunderloo, We Have Some Planes, Phaedra’s Love, Actual Air, Meatbar, Jerry’s World, Rhinoceros, Baal, Medea, Microscope Maintenance and Repair, Speeding Motorcycle, Hide Town, Twenty Love Songs. Kyle has also worked in productions with Zachary Scott Theatre, Stages Repertory Theatre, Houston Shakespeare Festival, Children’s Theatre Festival, Brazosport Lazer Pantherz, Slump, Mystery Café, University of Houston School of Theatre, and Edward Albee workshops.

1Let as many servants as are under the yoke count their own masters worthy of all honor, that the name of God and his doctrine be not blasphemed. 2And they that have believing masters, let them not despise them, because they are brethren; but rather do them service, because they are believers and beloved, partakers of the benefit. These things teach and exhort. 3If any man teach otherwise, and consent not to wholesome words, even the words of our Lord Jesus Christ, and to the doctrine which is according to godliness; 4He is proud, knowing nothing, but doting over questions and disputes of words, out of which comes envy, strife, railings, evil suspicions, 5Perverse wranglings of men of corrupt minds, and destitute of the truth, supposing that gain is godliness: from such withdraw yourself. 6But godliness with contentment is great gain. 7For we brought nothing into this world, and it is certain we can carry nothing out. 8And having food and clothing let us be with these things content. 9But they that will be rich fall into temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and hurtful lusts, which plunge men into destruction and perdition. 10For the love of money is the root of all evil: which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows. 11But you, O man of God, flee these things; and follow after righteousness, godliness, faith, love, patience, meekness. 12Fight the good fight of faith, lay hold on eternal life, to which you are also called, and have professed a good profession before many witnesses. 13I give you charge in the sight of God, who brings all things to life, and before Christ Jesus, who before Pontius Pilate witnessed a good confession; 14That you keep this commandment without spot, irreproachable, until the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ: 15Who in his times he shall show, who is the blessed and only Potentate, the King of kings, and Lord of lords; 16Who only has immortality, dwelling in the light which no man can approach unto; whom no man has seen, nor can see: to whom be honor and power everlasting. Amen. 17Charge them that are rich in this present age, that they be not haughty, nor trust in uncertain riches, but in the living God, who gives us richly all things to enjoy; 18That they do good, that they be rich in good works, ready to distribute, willing to share; 19Laying up in store for themselves a good foundation against the time to come, that they may lay hold on eternal life. 20O Timothy, keep that which is committed to your trust, avoiding profane and vain utterances, and oppositions of what is falsely called knowledge: 21Which some professing have erred concerning the faith. Grace be with you. Amen. Commentaries for 1 Timothy 6:0 delete About Catena Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation. - 2 Peter 1:20

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An epic overland journey from Nairobi to Pretoria covering scenic game parks, tropical Zanzibar and lush beaches of Mozambique, the third largest lake in Africa and the ‘Smoke That Thunders’ over the dramatic Victoria Falls. 1 operator review add to wish list on wish listx Discounted 5% Saving $249 pp Visits Countries: Kenya Tanzania Zanzibar Malawi Zambia Zimbabwe Mozambique South Africa Accommodation: Camping Visiting Parks: Masai Mara (Kenya), Victoria Falls NP (Zimbabwe), Hwange NP (Zimbabwe), Matobo NP (Zimbabwe), Kruger NP (South Africa), Ngorongoro Crater (Tanzania), Serengeti NP (Tanzania), Mosi-oa-Tunya NP (Zambia) full details make enquiry Twitter Facebook Sections Sections Home Tours & Safaris Country Guide Forums Accommodation Photo Library Safaris Tours Adventure Activities Overland Trips Volunteer Projects Beach Holidays Africa Honeymoons Family Safari African Holidays African Holidays Tanzania Safari South Africa Safari Kenya Safari Botswana Safari Egypt Tour Ethiopia Tour Madagascar Tour African Game Parks Serengeti Safari Masai Mara Safari Amboseli Safari African Adventure Kilimanjaro Climbing Victoria Falls About Us About Us Contact Us Link To Us Credits Partner With Us Who We Are Mobile Friendly Mobile Friendly Privacy Policy • Copyright 2021. All Rights Reserved. site mapTour Operator Log In TOP About Our Reviews Our reviews are Fully Qualified We do not take reviews from unqualified sources Since 1996 we have been working with the best tour operators in Africa. Our unique relationship with those operators ensures only people who have participated in a trip after making an enquiry for it at AfricaGuide.com can leave a review. The email we send you when you make an enquiry has full instructions for registering a booking and leaving a review - both are free services. Feel free to read through the reviews for any trip you like the look of. Trips with no reviews are usually new to AfricaGuide.com but are normally operated by a tour operator who is established here and has gained operator reviews for you to read. Thanks for visiting, happy travels and don't forget to send us your reviews... Travel Team Africa Guide About our trip providers and reviews Our Trip Providers We carry out extensive company checks on all our providers, over 20 years we have built strong personal relationships with each of them, which assures you of an unparalleled service, great value and the trip of a lifetime. We have participated in many of the trips found here (we have a nice job) and make our own independent assessments of the services provided, ensuring they meet with our own high standards. All the trips are supplied by the end provider of that trip. You may find the same or similar trips elsewhere, usually these are offered by an agent. We prefer to give you direct access to the trip provider for reasons outlined below: Best price. The price you see here is the direct trip price set by the provider, the same price as purchasing directly with them (which is how it works), there are no added commissions. This means you are not paying an agents commission and the provider is receiving their fully budgeted trip cost. (agents can demand discounts from providers as well as adding commissions to the providers trip price) Easy customisation. By booking directly with the end provider, making changes is quick and easy. Fast problem solving. On the rare occasion that an issue may arise before or during your trip, by dealing directly with the end provider, problem solving is quick and efficient. Helping Africa help itself. The most straightforward way to assist the economic opportunities and conditions for local people across Africa, is by direct financial interaction with people in Africa. In a nutshell "Tourism". This kind of direct tourism gives opportunity to local people. We limit the number of providers we work with in order to strike a balance between a good choice of trips and to be sure we can honestly recommend the service and validity of each provider. Because the majority of trips can be customised by the providers, the choice of trip configurations is in the tens of thousands. Our Reviews We have 3,000+ reviews for our trips and providers. All our reviews are fully qualified, we do not take unqualified reviews. We show all reviews, the good and the critical (very few). Our providers have the ability to respond to reviews and those responses are shown alongside the review. Acquiring genuine reviews is actually very hard, for our genuine travellers we make this an easy process but many people although satisfied with the service they received do not leave a review. Many reviews on the internet can be left by an open process with little or no checks. At best unqualified reviews are worthless, at worst they are misleading. We never take unqualified reviews.

Our semi-formal is a themed dance similar to homecoming! sisters get together and dance the night away. Our formal dance is much like a prom, where awards are given out to members and seniors receive special gifts as well. Formal is a great opportunity to recognize our individual members for being outstanding women inside and out! We also have our crush party where chapter members go all out to dress in theme. Past themes include: Decades, NFL, Barnyard bash, and more!

Congregational Church of East Hampton – COVID-19 Updates – May 25, 2021 COVID-19 Updates – May 25, 2021 – Congregational Church of East Hampton Home Calendar Newsletter Staff Donate Congregational Church of East Hampton Home About Our Church Church History Youth Programs Sunday School About Our Community East Hampton Events Worship Service Archives Calendar Contact Staff Directory Announcements Donate COVID-19 Updates – May 25, 2021 COVID-19 Updates – May 25, 2021 May 26, 2021 by webadmin All Announcements, Email Announcements May 25, 2021 To Members of the Congregational Church of East Hampton: First, we want to thank each of you for the patience and the understanding to each other in response to the COVID 19 pandemic. This has been a trying and stressful time for all of us, and we want to thank all of you for working with church leadership as we tried new things, quickly changed and modified plans, and worked through the adaptations we had to make in order to continue to be the faith community that everyone expects. Though these difficult days, we still were able to hold Sunday service, provide Christian education to our young people, hold fund raisers, and offer community service events. We should be proud of the achievements we made even while our church building was shuttered. As Reverend Jim Latimer told us: “The Church was always open, only the building was closed!” As you know, effective May 19, 2021, the state of Connecticut has removed limitations on indoor attendance and relaxed the rules on wearing masks and maintaining social distances. The Church Council met on May 24 in order to discuss the most recent recommendations and determine what our policies would be going forward to effectively implement the state’s guidelines to hold in-person worship services. This is our current strategy now in effect for in-person services: Mask wearing for people who are fully vaccinated is not mandatory except while singing Those who are not fully vaccinated should continue to wear a mask throughout the entire service and practice social distancing The choir will remain in the quartet mode, though other choir members may join from the choir benches/loft Sunday School participants should continue to wear masks and practice social distancing The church will continue to live-stream Sunday services using Zoom Other topics such as returning the pew bibles and hymnals, resuming using the collection plates, the resumption of coffee hour in Fellowship Hall, and other pending topics will be revisited at next month’s Church Council meeting. We are taking a slow approach to being “back to normal”, but we do know that as people of faith, our commitment to the health and well-being of ourselves and our communities takes precedence. A time of fellowship after Sunday services has happened without any planning on our part in the parking lot between the church and the school, and we encourage all to continue that practice. Other groups who use our facilities such as the Garden club, the Boy Scouts, and other groups are also being informed of our strategy. We humbly ask that everyone show patience during this time. This is an excerpt from an article that was suggested about that topic: Patience is one of the rarest virtues in today’s insta-everything world. And yet patience has rarely been more needed, as many of us are antsy to break free of “stay home” isolation and get back to normalcy as soon as possible. To be sure, it is good and right to be eager to gather again as churches. We should take Hebrews 10:25 seriously when it says we ought not neglect meeting together. We should feel the ache of what is lost when we only meet virtually, and every Christian should long for the day when “church on Zoom” gives way to “church in a room.” That day will come. But we should be careful to not rush it. We should be careful to not go faster than governments allow, or faster than those in our community can understand. We should be patient with a timeline that might be slower than we’d prefer; patient with a reopening process that will doubtless be clunky; patient with leaders feeling the pressure of this complex situation; and patient with one another as we figure out the new normal. Those who are not comfortable with physical gatherings should be patient with those who are, and vice versa. As hard as it will be to practice patience, remember that in the scheme of eternity this season—whether it’s months long or years—will be but a blip. Please keep our church, our community, and our nation in your prayers as we continue to face these challenging times together. Jerry Gerkey, Moderator (jerry.gerkey@gmail.com) Jim Latimer, Minister (jim@jimlatimer.org) 610-568-2480 Share CHURCH EMAIL SUBSCRIPTION: Sign up to be added to the Church email list to receive the monthly Congregational Chatter and other important announcements! Leave this field empty if you're human: VIEW WORSHIP ARCHIVES: Sunday worships are being held live online and in-person. These services are also recorded for those who cannot join us at 10:00 Sunday mornings. Recorded worships will be available. ARCHIVES PAGE Search this site: DONATE Service Times Sundays at 10:00am View Online Instructions In-Person Guidelines Our Location 59 Main Street (Mail: PO Box 237) East Hampton, CT 06424 Contact Info 860-267-4959 cceh@juno.com Socialize With Us Copyright 2021 Congregational Church of East Hampton Home Announcements Staff Donate Sitemap Full details Get Directions × Contact Event Manager Print your tickets Update Personal Details Ticket Seats Available Amount USD Select Ticket Amount USD Total Amount USD 0 0 0 0 Your ticket for COVID-19 Updates – May 25, 2021 December 3, 2021 Book Starts 3:14 pm X COVID-19 Announcement: We have moved to a hybrid worship service beginning 3/28/2021. This will include in-person and virtual guests. Click here to see the in-person guidelines.

The Canadian Committee for the IUCN (CCIUCN) exists to bring people, organizations and ideas together with the common goal of protecting biodiversity in Canada. By supporting Canadian biodiversity, we can ensure a brighter future for wildlife and the habitats in which they live. Our Mission Working together to inform, connect and promote conservation actions and policies in Canada that advance the work of the IUCN. Our Vision A world where Canadians value and conserve nature. What We Do The primary purpose of the CCIUCN is to provide a voice and networking platform for Canadians involved in IUCN work. Through the CCIUCN, individuals and organizations that support the IUCN in Canada actively share information and create opportunities for collective action. As a community, we have a particular interest in working intergenerationally and with diverse cultures (Indigenous and non-Indigenous) to ensure different world views and perspectives are represented. As a highly supportive and collegial non-profit organization, the CCIUCN aims to inspire its members to showcase the diversity of conservation work taking place in Canada through its Annual General Meeting and through its various communication channels. In addition, the CCIUCN is a hub for sharing applicable global IUCN news, information and expertise. Click here to become a Member Share this: Twitter Facebook About Us The CCIUCN is a member-based organization of caring Canadians who wish to see, and are working toward, a world that values and conserves nature. This vision is held by the global organizing body – the IUCN – and together, our Canadian network is working in ways that help advance IUCN goals.

This is a list of changes made recently to pages linked from a specified page (or to members of a specified category). Pages on your watchlist are bold. Recent changes options Show last 50 | 100 | 250 | 500 changes in last 1 | 3 | 7 | 14 | 30 days Hide minor edits | Show bots | Hide anonymous users | Show logged-in users | Hide my edits Show new changes starting from 21:11, 3 December 2021 Namespace: all (Main) Talk User User talk Wiki Wiki talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Internal Internal talk Flyseye Flyseye talk Science Science talk IT IT talk MetCam MetCam talk TAO TAO talk Cubesat Cubesat talk Invert selection Associated namespace

Historic Sites, Metal Trade, Iron Industry and Trade, Iron Mines and Mining, Woody Plants, Trees Old historical stump where iron was first discovered, Negaunee, MI [A large stump rests between a small tree and a rocky slope.]

Manners and Customs, Recreation, Sports, Ball Games, Golf, Persons, Woody Plants, Trees Portage Lake Golf Course [The First nine holes were donated by local citizens (Michigan Tech Centennial Page 96)]

Metal Trade, Copper Industry and Trade, Copper Mines and Mining, Sign and Signboards, Woody Plants, Trees While most "thermometer" signs register success by rising, that of the Homestake Copper Company of Calumet shows progress by falling. The sign is an indicator of the Centennial No. 6 mine dewatering projects, showing the original level of the water in the mine and its removal to date. The 31st level was reached this past Saturday. Bailing began April 2 when the water was at the 27th level. The thermometer in this case is the mine's shaft. [Photo of the sign indicating the progress made in removing water from the mine.]

There are diverse voices calling for our attention. Voices of doubts, voices of disbelief, voices of fear. As believers, we have to learn to tune them all out and focus on what God has said. When God says ‘Go’, we have to learn to tune out the voice that questions it. Sermons Brave The concept of Jireh in our realm entails that God is providential in seeing us through every assignment or task He sends us on. Sermons Desires, Coincidences, Giftings The life of a believer is one that is led by the Spirit of God. But what place does desire, coincidences and giftings have in the decisions we make as sons of God? Sermons Inner Witness The Believer is never without leading, whenever he or she is at crossroads, there is an ‘inner witness’ providing guidance on what to do, how to do it, and when to do it. Leading always seeks the believer. Sermons Are You Listening? Many believers understand that God is more than willing to speak with them and lead them. But they also wonder how they can discern the voice of God. They ask questions like: – What does He sound like? – In what way does He communicate? – How can I be sure He is the one?... Sermons Whisper In a world with many voices and opinions vying for our attention with the loudest bells, bangs and whistles, sometimes it seems hard to listen for the voice of God. God is always speaking to His children. The supernatural is not always found in the spectacular. Sometimes, He speaks in a whisper or nudge. His... Sermons True North God is more willing to lead us than we are willing to be led by Him. Irrespective of our past faults and failures, Jesus loves us and because of that, He will never hesitate to lead us!

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to ensure that faculty and staff are equipped with the knowledge and skills to undertake their roles effectively; to ensure that the development needs of individuals and teams are met in line with organizational need; to ensure that effective systems and processes for the identification and support of development needs are in place; to ensure that staff development needs are addressed equitably and fairly within the University’s diversity and equality frameworks; all staff, regardless of grade, experience, length of service, level within the organization, or location should have access to appropriate developmental opportunities.

‘Flying’ through the ocean: Researchers find the sea butterfly swims like insects fly | School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Skip to content Georgia Institute of Technology School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Menu Close Home About Welcome From The Chair Vision and Mission Accreditation and Assessment BSCE Objectives and Outcomes BSEnvE Objectives and Outcomes Facilities Visitor Information Prospective Students What Do Civil and Environmental Engineers Do? Problems We Solve Undergraduate Students Graduate Students School Profile & Rankings Student Organizations Continuing Education Academics Undergraduate Studies Bachelor's in Civil Engineering Bachelor's in Environmental Engineering Global Engineering Leadership Minor Enhancing Your Degree Research Contact Us Graduate Studies Master's Students Ph.D. Program BS/MS Degree Program Graduate Student Advisory Council Contact Us Hyatt Speaker Series International Initiatives International Travel Funding GOLD Mentoring Program Engineering Communication Program Academic Groups Entrepreneurial Impact Competition Research Interdisciplinary Research Healthy Communities Resilient Infrastructure Smart Cities Sustainable Communities Research Centers Faculty Research Pages Academic Groups People Alumni External Advisory Board Construction Advisory Board Corporate Affiliates Program GOLD Mentoring Program Alumni Events Stay in Touch Giving to CEE News Newsletters Publications Video Events News Archive Intranet Apply ▸ Give ▸ Contact ▸ Georgia Tech Home Map Directory Offices Facebook Instagram LinkedIn Twitter YouTube Search This SiteAll of Georgia Tech Enter your keywords You are here: GT Home Home ‘Flying’ through the ocean: Researchers find the sea butterfly swims like insects fly Thursday, February 18, 2016 By Jason Maderer, Georgia Tech News Center It turns out that the sea butterfly (Limacina helicina), a zooplankton snail that lives in cold oceans, lives up to its name. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering scientists have discovered that a tiny sea snail called a pteropod swims the same way an insect flies. Their findings are generating interest across the globe: A 'Sea Butterfly' Swims the Same Way Insects Fly – Gizmodo Tiny sea snail 'swims like a bee' – BBC News Bizarre snail that swims like a flying insect: High-speed cameras reveal how 'sea butterflies' propel themselves through water – Daily Mail Tiny sea snail floats like a butterfly, swims like a bee – Wired UK Tiny sea snail swims by flapping its 'wings' like an insect, US scientists discover – Independent Swim Like a Butterfly? Sea Snail 'Flies' Through Water – LiveScience Gelatinous sea snails ‘fly’ through water as if with wings, scientists say – Christian Science Monitor Sea Snail "Flies" Underwater Like an Insect – Discovery News This Cute Li'l Snail Lives in the Sea and "Flies" Through Water With Wing-Like Appendages – Mic WATCH: Incredible Tiny Snail Beats Its Watery Wings And 'Flies' – NPR A Sea Snail That Moves Like a Flying Insect – New York Times Georgia Institute of Technology researchers went to the Pacific Ocean to scoop up hundreds of the 3-millimeter marine mollusks (called pteropods), and then used high-speed cameras to watch how they move. They found that sea butterflies don’t paddle like most small water animals. Instead, they’re like flying insects, flapping their wings to produce lift and propel them through the water. “Snails evolutionarily diverged from flying insects 550 million years ago,” said Donald Webster, a professor in Georgia Tech’s School of Civil and Environmental Engineering. “Hence, it is amazing that marine snails are using the same figure-eight wing pattern that is typical of their very distant airborne relatives.” Another amazing similarity between the pteropods and insects is the use of a clap-and-fling wing motion. Each species claps its wings together, then rapidly flings them apart to generate enhanced lift. “Almost all other plankton use their appendages as paddles, kind of like a turtle,” said David Murphy, who led the study and received his Georgia Tech doctoral degree in 2012. “Sea butterflies are honorary insects.” Murphy is now a postdoctoral fellow at Johns Hopkins University. The team did find one major difference in sea butterflies and flying insects. Nearly two-thirds of the plankton’s body is its shell. When it’s not moving forward, it sinks to the ocean floor. To avoid sinking, the pteropod rotates its body up to 60 degrees with each stroke. The rotation puts its wings in the proper position to flap downward during every half-stroke (about 10 times per second) and move in an upward, zig-zag path in the water. “Insects and birds don’t typically rotate their bodies in a similar manner to generate lift,” Webster said. “By rotating their shell during each stroke, sea butterflies put their wings in a position to always generate upward thrust and fly forward.” The researchers study the plankton for two reasons. First, they play a vital role in the food web in the Pacific, Arctic and southern oceans. Fish, seals and sea birds eat them in massive quantities. Second, absorption of carbon dioxide increases the acidity of the oceans. As carbon dioxide levels increase in the future, so will seawater acidity, which breaks down the shells of pteropods. The Georgia Tech team wanted to better understand how they moved. The next steps in the research are seeing how changes in both shell composition and fluid viscosity affect its ability to rotate its body and “fly” upward. Civil Engineering Postdoctoral Fellow Deepak Adhikari and School of Biology Professor Jeannette Yen also co-authored the research paper. They both traveled to Antarctica in 2014, in part, to study pteropods, which grow as large as six millimeters in the frigid southern ocean. In addition to better understanding the biomechanics of the animal’s movement, the team thinks their findings could someday help engineers build miniature autonomous robots that swim in the ocean. The study, “Underwater flight by the planktonic sea butterfly,” is published in the current issue of the Journal of Experimental Biology.

Ahmedabad as a city was introduced to me in a classroom as I read in history textbooks of it being the epicentre of the non-violent movement for India's independence. But a quick visit to the city introduced me to the multitude of charms this 600 year old walled city has to offer. From being an important hub of the textile industry to the incredible architecture of its forts and mosques, from the bustle of the narrow lanes in busy chowks to the vibrancy of Navratri festivities. Listed are a few snapshots from my hurried yet lovely visit: SABARMATI ASHRAM If on your trip to Ahmedabad you wish to visit a place where you can find a complete peace and steeped in history, the Sabarmati Ashram would make for a perfect pit stop. Situated approximately 5km from Ahmadabad city center and located on the banks of the river Sabarmathi, the ambiance of whole ashram can be described in one word – serene. At the home of Mahatma Gandhi where he resided between 1917 and 1930 which has its own place in history as being the place the Dandi March, one can find complete details of this historical man known as the Father of the Nation. Apart from a spectacular collection of photographs and memorabilia from Gandhiji's life, the ashram evokes memories of times gone by. The simple room with a spinning wheel and a floor cushion where discussions were held giving birth to the Indian freedom movement is a must see. A peaceful reminder of non-violence in a violent world. ADALAJ VAV - The favourite part about my visit to Ahmedabad. Step wells or vav in Gujrati are an amazing display of ancient engineering that has narrow steps built on three sides of the wall in perfect symmetery that lead down to the well. Step-wells are usually a part of a complex that include a temple and rest-stop. The entry to this almost 500 year old historical site is surprisingly free. The moment you enter it, you feel the reduced temperature. The well is a 5 storied structure with stone carvings adorning it's base and arched alcoves fashioned to last centuries. We visited fairly early in the morning, around 10 AM. Most of the people there seemed to be art students who were sketching the well. The entry structure has sculpted motifs and is very pretty to look at. I found it to be a unique place. The site does not seem to have any timings or even security nor is there any artificial source of light. If it is raining outside, the steps could be slippery. The steps are not disabled friendly by any stretch of the imagination and will pose a challenge to couch potatoes. Going down and then coming up the flight of stairs will mean that many unused leg muscles will be announcing themselves very loudly. Well worth a visit. Manek Chowk Budget shoppers paradise. By day a jewellery square situated between the tombs of the Shah and the Queen (visit both, since they are extraordinary examples of Gujarati Islamic architecture), the place is teeming with dry fruit vendors, silver jewellery and merchants selling reams of bandhani and block print cotton material that can be fashioned into kurtas, bedspreads and myraid of other options. After sunset, the entire space is transformed to a vegetarian outdoor eatery with a variety of Chinese/Indian/Gujarati food served in the various stalls. Do not fear the crowd and enjoy the experience. Finish diner with the best kulfis in town from Asharfilal and go for a stroll in the nearby streets. Ahmedabadis truly deserve the fame of being foodies. Amdavad ma aapnu swaagat che. Until next time. Posted by Ceej 04:10 Archived in India Tagged ahmedabad adalaj_stepwell vav vaav sabarmati_ashram Comments (0) BERLIN A chapter right off a high school world history textbook 27.06.2017 - 30.06.2017 2 °C There are many reminders small and large that continue to stand all across Berlin serving as a silent yet valuable reminder of a once-divided country and city. But Berlin as I came to recognise lives the term "Vergangenheitsbewältigung" - which literally translates to "the struggle to overcome the [negatives of the] past". The city is brimming with art, music, history, culture and so much more. It feeds off its history while adapting itself to today. I saw graffiti on the walls, plush cars straight out of the Auto Expo, sidewalks wider than roads, buildings that are not too tall that it blocks the contrast this glistening city creates against the beautiful blue sky. Yes. Berlin is a very special part of the world indeed. A few snippets from a brief trip to this fascinating city. BRANDENBURG GATE All roads in Berlin literally lead to the Brandenburg Gate. Interiors of metro trains, marks on pathways, ... all point towards this beautiful vicory gate. (Observation: It resembles the Archway on the grounds of the Louvre Museum). This historic entrance built to reflect the German nations former glories has lot of space around it so the crowds are well spread. A block away from the Brandenburg Gate is the HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL. This abstract monument honestly touches a raw nerve with anyone who has any understanding of Germany's "questionable" role in one of the darkest chapters of world history. A walk between the 2711 concrete blocks of varying heights, physically provoked anxiety in me, conveying some of the terror of what happened in Germany in the 1930's and 40's. This memorial is not particularly flashy, but maybe that is the precise point. Each visitor is able to wander through the memorial with their own thoughts and seek an independent interpretation, while remembering how the Holocaust changed our world forever. SOVIET WAR MEMORIAL ALEXANDER PLATZ Alexanderplatz is a big square in the middle of Berlin with lots of stores, restaurants, cafes. I found to be a really good spot to hang out with friends and grab some lunch. Discovered to my glee that the place has such a young-hip-cool-and-animated vibe and is flanked by modernistic monuments like the TV tower, the World Clock and the Fountain of Friendship. Plus there were a ton of street artists showcasing their art all through the square. WORLD CLOCK FOUNTAIN OF FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN PEOPLES EAST SIDE GALLERY : Seeing the wall in its full scale was an incredible experience and the highlight of my trip to Berlin. There is a fairly long portion of the wall still intact, decorated with art and graffiti. Its strange that when I first arrived in Berlin, I hadn’t pay much thought as to the scale of it. Berlin is massive and extremely developed that is quite incredible when you consider that this city was until 25 years ago separated and was the setting for some of the most world changing events from the last century. Standing in front of a portion of the wall that formed the separation between East and West Germany was such a moving experience especially, when you reflect back about the past 80 years of history in this city which has found such a large amount of space in our history texbooks and makes you think of all the people who were affected. But I truly believe Berlin has a few lessons to teach the world and considering the divisive climate taking over the world in the present day. We all have to re-look at history and could do with some lessons in Vergangenheitsbewältigung. Until next time, Sowmya Posted by Ceej 02:33 Archived in Germany Tagged berlin holocaust_memorial berlin_wall brandenburg_gate east_side_gallery alexander_platz Comments (0) THE GRANDEUR THAT WAS ROME A weekend exploring remnants of a glorious empire on the city's 2770th birthday 20.04.2017 - 23.04.2017 5 °C A mound on top of a hill close to the Roman Forum is said to be place where the small non-descript village on the banks of the Tiber once stood and the brothers Romulus and Remus, twin brothers abandoned after birth and raised by a she-wolf grew up. It is said that when a fierce argument erupted between them, Romulus killed Remus and gave his own name to the tiny settlement that would grow into a great empire on the 21st of April in the year 753 BC. COLOSSEUM A must see attraction in Rome is the Colosseum. You can visit the Colosseum, the Forum, and Palatine Hill in one tour panning 4-5 hours. Which includes quite a bit of walking along uneven surfaces and steep stairs. The front area is usually packed with ticket sellers, tour guides and hawkers, and since the lines for tickets to the Colosseum are long and people end up waiting an average of 90 minutes, the entire space resembles running a gauntlet. Just being inside this architectural wonder with its amphitheatrical structure and understanding the reserved seating system which corresponded with on of the 76 gates was such a fascinating experience. Just the sheer scale of the Colosseum and the realisation of how much of Rome's history is packed into this space and that more than 2000 years later, it still stands is enough to make it a surreal place to visit. TIP: Buy tickets online for the skip the line tours with a good company. The tour takes approximately 4 hours and concludes on the summit of the Palantine Hill. It includes 10-20 people and a knowledgeable and patient guide. ROMAN FORUM Apart from the Trevi fountain, the Roman Forum qualifies as my favourite place in Rome. This is the heart of Ancient Rome and in my opinion should be where the Ancient Rome tour should start - at the Palantine Hill. Since Rome was founded here, and grew through the era of Ceasar's and the Colosseum was the highest point. But since getting into the Colosseum is a feat in itself, most tours are conducted in the reverse order. Entering the forum through the ceremonial arch and strolling along the Via Sacra brings back to mind images of chariots being driven through those stone pathways. The Via Sacra was a very important road during the Roman Empire since it was along this road that armies returned to Rome, and Emperors travelled to their coronations. The sheer number of sights to visit in this space is mind numbing. The fascinating temple of the vestal virgins, the funeral pyre of Julius Cesar, the little gardens, the ruins of Saturn's temple and even a gateway to hell! FOUNTAINS AND SQUARES Rome is estimated to have more than 2000 fountains and almost every square in Rome is adorned with a beautiful fountain at its center. Like so many other elements of Rome, these fountains are pure works of art. Some are small, large, famous, hidden, built by great artists, some with origins unknown in every possible shape and size. I happened upon most of the fountains in Rome after traipsing through narrow twisting streets and housed in a picturesque square. Each square that hosts these fountains are great places to just sit and people watch over a coffee/wine and soak up the ambiance. Plus the fountains themselves are exquisite examples of baroque carving. TREVI FOUNTAIN - an aquatic dream and my favourite place to visit in the Eternal City. PIAZZA NAVONA FONTANA DEL PANTHEON PANTHEON Situated in its own little square surrounded by narrow lanes is the only fully standing monument of the Ancient Rome. Originally commissioned by Julius Agrippa and built in the honour of all the Roman Gods 2000 years ago, this ancient temple is today a Christian church. Entry is free and I hear that it gets very crowded through the day as most tourist attractions in Rome do. I visited at 8:30 in the morning and had the entire place all to myself which turned out to be a glorious experience. The occulus in the ceiling is extraordinary and made me want to return to see the pillar of light at noon and when it is rains, especially after I saw the system to drain the water on the floor. FOOD!! GLORIOUS FOOD!!! IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER WHILE PLANNING A TRIP TO ROME: • You do not have to buy a Rome Pass. The public transportation is quite extensive and services most of the places to visit. A bus/metro ticket is valid for 100 minutes and costs 1.50 euros. There are also 24-hour and 3-day tickets which are not expensive. • Everyone who visits Rome seems to have a scary story about aggressive pickpockets or con artists. So I would advice a good degree of awareness of your surroundings and some quick thinking. You definetely see a lot of them hanging out by the metro ticket machines and try to fleece you by by of helping you with ticket issuance. • Italians linger a long time over a meal. Unless you call for their attention, the waiters usually let you be to enjoy your wine. The tip is generally included in the price of the meal. You can choose to round the bill up and leave a bit extra. • The famous touristy squares are stunning backdrops for a drink and to linger in the evenings, but the food in the restaurants is often is disappointing and expensive. Rome is so much more than what lies in ruins today. But I guess I will have to visit again to explore that side. Arrivederci Roma!! Sowmya Posted by Ceej 23:53 Archived in Italy Comments (0) A QUIET MORNING AT THE VATICAN MADE FOR A PERFECT POST IN PICTURES 01.05.2017 3 °C 6:45 AM : Outside the Vatican walls. The Vatican Museum entrance. The Vatican Museums, one of the largest museums in the world, consists of 54 galleries including the Sistine Chapel, and contain some 70,000 works of art yet only about 20,000 are on display. Numerous scholars and art conservationists maintain this large body of work. We were told there are 3 1/2 miles of museums inside the Vatican complex. On the last Sunday of each month, the Vatican Museum is open to the public for free to one of the world's most extensive collections of art. First view of the Vatican. Gallery of Tapestries. This is the usual place where a tour of the Vatican is begun. We began our tour in the . Four hundred years ago, tapestries were among the most prized objects in palace collections. Beautiful and portable, they also helped to keep the stone castles warm by hanging on the chilly walls. Tapestries are made of silk, wool and silver that flickered in candlelight dazzling the early view with sparkling light. Barberini’s Life of Christ tapestries are among the many tapestries hanging in the 75 meter long Gallery of Tapestries in the Vatican. Our guide pointed out the bees in the corner of the his tapestries as a signature of Barberini. In fact these bees are seen throughout Rome on everything from properties to frescoes. I thought of the industrious Mormon Beehive and wondered if there was any similarity in the symbolism. Not to be forgotten in this gallery are the amazing fresco-ed ceilings that hover above, but one really needs a recliner or a neck brace to view them for any length of time. Resurrection of Christ at the tapestry gallery of the Vatican museums The Gallery of Maps. This is the longest tunnel of the Vatican Museums measuring 120 meters, paintings, frescoes and statues light up and adorn the arched ceiling as if blanketed with gold. The rich ceiling frescoes illustrate stories from the lands depicted on the maps on the walls. The brilliant blue painted topographical maps of Italy based on drawings by friar and geographer Ignazio Danti, cover the walls of this beautiful gallery and stunningly contrast with the vibrant golden ceiling covered in absolutely marvellous works of art. Marble statutes A hastily and sneakily taken grainy picture of Michelangelo's ceiling in the Sistine Chapel. Photography is not permitted within the confines of the Sistine chapel and there are guards stationed all over who yell (quite loudly) if they see you whipping out a camera to take a picture of the famed ceiling. Seeing the exit of the Sistine Chapel when it was completely void of tourists!!! Entrance of St. Peters Basilica Inside St. Peters Basilica The Pieta by Michelangelo - a brilliant sculpture that is a representation of Mary holding Jesus's body once it was brought down from the cross post the crucification. The dome above the Pieta. Vatican Square The famed Pontiffical Swiss Guards who have been guarding the Pope for more than five centuries in their colourful medieval uniforms. Until next time, CJ Posted by Ceej 08:51 Archived in Vatican City Comments (0) A SUNNY DAY IN LUXEMBOURG 14.04.2017 5 °C A 2 hour train ride aboard the Eurorail from Paris brings you to the small but incredibly picturesque country called Luxembourg City. Luxembourg City shares the title of 'Capital of Europe' with Brussels and Strasbourg. The population is incredible diverse with the foreigner population making up 70%. A must visit part of this small city/country is the Grund. A 15 minute walk from the Centrale and a swift 65 meters elevator ride down, brings you to an area that is quieter, beautiful and much more charming than the city. The Grund offers breathtaking views of picturesque stone cottages, a small church, a peaceful little river bordered by the outer fortifications of the castle and loads of eye-catching patches of green. A local in fact told me "Dont worry dearie, you're never going to get lost here. Just follow the Azlette". The best way to explore the OLD TOWN was by the Wenzel Walk, which leads you around a walking trail through the oldest foundations of Luxembourg-City and encompassing almost all the best sights in the Old Town. The tour covers approximately 5 kilometers weaving up and down through different levels of the city. The Old Town exhibits the perfect example of military architecture and there are layers of walls built for defense of the city. Each level according to the guide was built by a different empire and at different times in Luxembourg’s history. As a result, the levels of fortification are not an even level but it makes for brilliant views from different vantage points. The casemates which are passageways carved into the mountainside are quite eerie to walk through especially if you are alone. I even saw part of the old aqueduct. The City Centre of Luxembourg is a shoppers delight considering it is in fact, it is the richest country in Europe! With shopping streets filled with upscale designers, charming boutiques and street side cafes. Once you're done seeing the sights, a nice place to spend time is the PLACE d’ARMES. A pretty tree-lined and music-filled square at the edge of the Old Town bordered with open air restaurants and space for exhibitions and concerts. During my visit on the eve of Easter, the place was filled with Easter markets and chocolatiers. The Luxembourg Centrale which is the central train station is an architectural treat by itself. You can for a price of 4 Euros buy a day ticket that allows you to navigate through the length and breadth of this small charming country making use of its extensive public transport system comprising of metro trains, trams and buses. Until next time Posted by Ceej 08:45 Archived in Luxembourg Tagged spring luxembourg easter Comments (1) Happiness is a place called BHUTAN 05.10.2016 - 12.10.2016 10 °C Shrouded amidst the backdrop of the majestic Himalayas, Bhutan feels like country preserved in a time warp. The culture, traditions and way of life are still a true reflection of past centuries even in the face of the relentless onslaught of modernisation riding on the wings of the 21st century. Bhutan fames itself for being a country where development is measured in terms of Gross National Happiness versus the capitalist measure of GDP. It is a country where Buddhism is not a religion, but a way of life. Where hearts are big and the days are colourful. Where modernity meets history in simple yet unexpected ways. And I found all of this to be true during the week I spent in this gorgeous part of the globe. The Government of Bhutan is focused on preserving the country's cultural and religious heritage and moderates the number of tourists at any given time in the country. We witnessed testaments to the will of a country to preserve the environment when there is an adopted state policy according to which 60% of the country’s landmass will remain forested for all of eternity. What’s even more brilliant is that they currently have 72% of the landmass under forest cover which makes it the only carbon-negative country on earth. Having experienced its beautiful people, colourful festivals, awe-inspiring location and deep-rooted beliefs, I came away from Bhutan with one very important take-away: Happiness really is the best parameter to measure the life we lead. Everyone I have spoken with since returning seem to have so many questions regarding this elusive part on the world map. I have tried answering the most frequently addressed questions in this post. GETTING THERE : The only airport in Bhutan is in the Paro valley. The state-owned Druk Air and Royal Bhutan Airlines have flights from Delhi, Kolkata, Singapore and Bangkok to Paro. To say the least, this is a flying experience that one will remember considering the sheer size of the aircraft navigating between the mighty mountains to reach this isolated kingdom. Imagine, the small valley of Paro is at an elevation of 7382 feet and the surrounding Himalayan range roughly ranging between 18,000 to 22,000 feet in altitude is the setting for one of the tightest airplane landings on earth. Apparently there are only 8 pilots qualified to land here. TIP: Try and get a seat to the left side of the aircraft. On a clear day you might get to see the majestic Himalayas towering over the clouds and if luck favours you, you might fly over Mount Everest!! ATTIRE : The chic traditional dresses KIRA and GHO are the national dress and is even today the most common attire worn by the locals. Visitors are expected to wear full sleeved and full length clothes while visiting the Kingdom. LANGUAGE : Dzonkha is the native language but almost everyone speaks basic English and a lot of them can speak Hindi. CUISINE : Three foundational elements act as the cornerstones of Bhutanese cuisine - chilies, rice, and cheese! In Bhutan, chilies are considered a vegetable and not just a spice. They form the main ingredient in most, if not all dishes, so much so that Bhutan’s National Dish, Ema datsi, is a preparation of just chilli peppers and fresh yak cheese, and is available in almost all restaurants. If you are afraid that the dish may be too hot to handle, you can ask the local chefs to cut down on the spice. Pair the dish with native red rice for a complete meal. The rice is mostly red rice (a variety of rice that grows in high altitudes); and other cereal include buckwheat and maize. Meat is common in most dishes and includes chicken, dry beef and pork. img=https://photos.travellerspoint.com/199563/large_AC259BCAD8F28BC6C799EB8E2A7E4A93.jpg] Red chillies hanging to dry on a traditional, ornate wooden window frames or rooftops of houses is a common sight in Bhutan. RELIGION: Bhutan is the only country in the world where Buddhism is the official religion and is endorsed by the government. It is considered one of the last bastions where Tantric Vajrayana form of Mahayana Buddhism is maintained as the state religion. However, the Bhutanese constitution guarantees freedom of religion and citizens and visitors are free to practice any form of worship so long as it does not impinge on the rights of others. ARCHITECTURE : As you travel through the country you notice early on that the most striking feature of a Bhutanese house (and most buildings for that matter) are the highly decorated rustic windows. Wood is largely used to build houses especially for windows and balconies. The dzongs too seem to be built with wood with stone beams for support. There seem to be three main types of building: • The Dzongs (fortresses) which are the municipal and religious headquarters in each district. • Houses that are predominantly 2-3 floored large rural farmhouses. • Religious structures of various kinds (from large temples to small chortens or stupas). WEATHER: Bhutan is a country of mountains and valleys, and the climate varies with elevation. The mountains are extremely cold and snowy, but it is humid and subtropical in the hills, and temperate in the valleys. ECONOMY: Bhutan’s economy is largely agrarian. There seems to be a healthy tourism industry too. I heard from our guide that there is a good mountaineering industry too. Bhutan is home to the only unclaimed mountain in the world- Gangkhar Puensum and since the Bhutanese believe that the high mountains are the abode of the Gods, scaling any mountain higher than 6,000 meters is banned by law. Unlike Nepal where mountaineering is a mega industry, Bhutan does not seem to share its enthusiasm to capitalise on its unique presence on the face of the globe. And though it may sound conservative, that belief in a nutshell explains the Bhutanese ethic. It is a rustic, removed, remote, pure country which strives to retain its cultural heritage and has avoided becoming globalized like so many others and refuses to use money as a benchmark to compare itself with the world at large. CURRENCY : Bhutanese Ngultrum is the currency of Bhutan but Indian rupees is also accepted everywhere. May the winds making the prayer flags across this beautiful country flutter, carry our prayers to the God’s spreading goodwill to all in the world. Tashidelek and safe travels!!! Sowmya CJ Posted by Ceej 06:51 Archived in Bhutan Comments (0) PARO 12.10.2016 15 °C According to me, mountainous PARO is the heart of of Bhutan and the very image that a beyul conjures in my mind. The only international airport in Bhutan is located here since the valley is slightly larger than Thimpu. Paro’s Taktsang Monastry known the world over at the Tiger’s Nest monastery has almost become the iconic symbol of Bhutan in news and print media. The world is full of buildings that are beautiful to look at, while being major feats of engineering, but the first sight of the Tiger’s Nest monastery as it precariously clings to the side of a mountain is an engineering feat that would take years of intricate planning to even begin replicating. The most peculiar feature of this monastery is its isolated location. While it makes for a breathtaking sight and beautiful pictures, it also creates a very unique problem. It is said that in 1998 when a fire started at the monastery, it was completely burnt to the ground as the temple was hard to access and emergency assistance was impossible due to its location and lack of telecommunication. The trail cuts through a forest of pine trees and decorated with prayer flags symbolising protection from evil forces and blessings of good luck and positive energy. Every time I stopped to catch my breath I was treated to magical views all around. I heard at a rest stop that there are two other paths that pass through a plateau called “a hundred thousand fairies” plateau. My lungs and legs gave up as I reached the halfway point and I spent four delightful hours in the company of women from around the world (at one point we even arrived at a consensus that we could start our own UN!!) During a quiet moment of reflection as I sat there in the shadow of the Tigers Nest, I found myself wondering what contentment drives monks to a life so high up in the clouds. And then it dawned on me as I stood there in the light drizzle and a hint of warm sunlight pouring through the dark grey sky in the presence of the majestic Himalayas while far below on the other side was a valley filled with folks who live simple lives but experience simple joys - THIS IS AS CLOSE TO DIVINITY AND GOD THAT MAN CAN COME CLOSE TO. My friends who trekked the rest of the way and completed the most ardorous part of the trek. Apparently there are the 700 or so steps cut out of rock that first descend to the valley, go past a gushing waterfall on the bridge and then ascend in another long staircase but they did say that the monastery is beautiful with traditional architecture, astounding views and was worth having the wind knocked out of you at times during the ascent. I highly recommend that you book a nice massage and a traditional "hot stone bath". The tubs for the hot stone bath are constructed of wood and the stones are placed in a section of the bath water. Attendants place more heated stones to the water to bring up the temperature of the water. Found it to be a perfect way to spend my last evening in Bhutan. Posted by Ceej 06:27 Archived in Bhutan Comments (0) PUNAKHA The region that secures Bhutan the title of "Kingdom in the Clouds" 09.10.2016 - 10.10.2016 9 °C The first sight of Punakha leaves you with a picture of terraced rice fields shrouded in low lying cloud cover alongside traditional architecture. It is an expansive valley with clusters of villages with a mighty river cutting through the valley floor. Escaped the confines of the hotel one early morning and ventured to the countryside to catch a glimpse of the village waking up and setting in motion a day in an agrarian village. As the mist lifted I noticed that every house in the village has gardens with flowers bursting in colour and fragrance in the yard along with fruit bearing plants like papaya and oranges and is surrounded by rice fields. THE PUNAKHA DZONG also known as "The Palace of Happiness" Built at the confluence of Mo chhu and Pho chhu rivers - the Punakha Dzong is easily blessed in location. Add to it stunning architecture and you have the most beautiful example of Bhutanese architecture. The inside courtyard is decorated with beautiful Bhutanese iconographies. Through these murals, you get to understand and learn about Buddhist ways and lessons. There are three courtyards and each is connected by a series of passageways that lead you all over the Dzong. Half of the building hosts the religious order and the remaining half is occupied by the local administration. You see young monks all over the place. The boys are apparently taught a variety of subjects including math and are introduced to the monastery lifestyle in order to see if they want to join the religious order and become monks. FUN FACT : The King of Bhutan throws a party at the palace every year and all of the people in Bhutan are invited! That would definitely be a party no one would want to miss. IMPORTANT : Any tourist going beyond Thimphu and Paro need to acquire a 'special area permit' from the RGoB Immigration. Especially if you intend on visiting Punakha, Bumthang or the Haa valley. The tour operators can arrange for this. Tashi Delek Posted by Ceej 13:39 Archived in Bhutan Tagged palace of rice mist terrace happiness rafting cloud dzong punakha Comments (0) THIMPHU A national capital without traffic lights!! 09.10.2016 10 °C The drive from Paro to Thimphu is filled with fantastic mountain scenery broken by scenes of rice terraces, soaring mountains covered by pine forests and the mighty Thimphu Chhu flowing along the route. The sight of the city centre which is believed to be the most crowded area with all the business and establishments amazes a tourist at first sight. It actually looks like the town centre of any quaint town in Switzerland, minus the STOP sign or traffic lights. You then realise that this is the capital of a whole country. It is a common sight seeing traffic officers moderating traffic across the city due to the local belief that that this personal gesture and promotes the feeling of community. THE THIMPHU TSECHU : that takes place in October of every year, turned out to be a very unique and colourful celebration. Being Indian, I have witnessed my share of loud and colourful festivals but this was a different experience altogether. Tshechu’s are annual religious Bhutanese festivals held in each district of Bhutan on the tenth day of the month of the lunar Tibetan calendar. They offer the opportunity for social bonding amongst people of remote and spread out villages as they gather in the shadow of culture and celebration. Large markets also congregate at the location of the Tshechu. The Paro and Thimpu tshechu’s are said to the largest in terms of participation and audience. A day of formal sightseeing had us visit Painting schools, Textile museums and a few view points. ARTS AND CRAFT SCHOOL: Housed in a two storied traditional Bhutanese house, students undergo a 6-year training course in Bhutan 13 traditional arts and crafts. They impart skills to young boys and girls after basic school, as per their individual likes and aptitude. A rigorous training of four to six years is being given to these students in traditional painting, wood carving, sculpture, leather craft, traditional dress making etc, the dedication and motivation of these youngsters is worth admiring. There are souvenir stores on the campus that sell the craft items made by the students. TEXTILE MUSEUM : I would highly recommend a visit to the Textile museum even though one might be tempted to brush off the experience before visiting. Housed in a modern building with spacious interiors and a glass facade, the experience starts off with a brief video introducing the various fabrics from various regions and then you can pay a visit to the 2 levels of the museum that showcase the different fabrics. On the second floor there was a very informative video about how to wear a Kira and Gho. VISIT THE TAKIN MINI ZOO: The national animal of Bhutan - Takin is an endangered animal with the head of a goat and a body of a yak. A steep trail on the side leads up to a large fenced enclosure that was originally established as a zoo, but the fourth king decided that the animals should not be kept in cages and should be allowed to be as close to their natural habitat in accordance with the kingdoms Buddhist beliefs. Apart from Takin there are mountain goats and barking deer too in this preserve. 108 STUPAS AT DOCHULA PASS : On the way from Thimphu to Punakha are the 108 Stupas at the Dochula Pass that has been built on the highest land pass (3150m) in Bhutan. It is said to be constantly covered in cloud and mist and we heard that on a rare clear day, you can see the Himalayan range from this point. Almost everyone who breaks their journey here seemed to pay a visit to the café on the opposite side which serves hot tea, coffee, chocolate and cream crackers. To an observer Thimphu with its restaurants, internet cafes, iPhone toting youngsters who like "Wechat", nightclubs, snooker parlours and shopping centers might look modern in its outlook. But one only has to look around and observe the traditional architecture, the absence of traffic, the kiras and ghos to see the traditional side to the city. This juxtaposition of ancient tradition and modernity make Thimphu a truly unique destination. Cannot wait to see more of this beautiful country. Our permits are here and we are off to explore PUNAKHA. Tashi Delek Posted by Ceej 13:37 Archived in Bhutan Comments (0) LANDOUR a place over-run with simple and pure joys. 06.04.2016 - 10.04.2016 6 °C Landor is a perfect getaway for anyone seeking solitude from the heat and hustle of the cities. This gorgeous part of the world offers breathtaking views of the mighty Himalayas and allows endless opportunities to experience all the virtues of a hill town – gorgeous views, rambling walks, happy people, hot chai, delicious food teemed together with a constant urge to literally stop and smell the flowers. Situated about 5 kilometres away from the chaos of Mussoorie is its twin - the quaint hilltop town of Landour which was a British cantonment during the days of colonial rule in India and as such came under the Cantonment Act of 1924 which has had a far-reaching ecological impact on the region. This law in particular has prevented deforestation and as a result, Landour remains green in comparison to Mussoorie. Another clause in the act, which terms all non-governmental and non-military buildings post-1924 as “illegal” has saved the town from rampant construction. Only repairs of the existing old houses are allowed. Just passing through both these towns could very well be considered a study of contrasts - in terms of tourists, carbon footprint, real-estate development and noise levels. Landour, named after Llanddowror a small village in the southwest of Wales calms and relaxes you and nourishes creativity. Just being here amidst the tall deodars and the hills, surrounded with the air thick with the sounds of the naughty whistling schoolboy makes you feel like you have somehow slipped into the world between the pages of a Ruskin Bond novel. A beautiful trail called the Chakkar winds through these hills and if find yourself here in early April as I was, it offers the opportunity to walk along a path dotted with rhododendron trees bursting in crimson bloom welcoming spring and cutting through the dense pinewood cover. The walk allows for some brilliant birding opportunities with beautiful sights along the way. Some of the highlights of this walk are: Catching the sight of the Himalayan range from Lal Tibba: On a clear day the walk through the chakkar trail is broken by glimpses of silver peaks glistening at a distance, which is a preview of the uninterrupted sight that can be viewed from Lal Tibba. The view point itself is an unadorned two-storeyed commercial structure with no character and fitted with a telescope for viewing the peaks. There is a helpful mural on the wall identifying the various peaks in the part of the Himalayan range visible from this viewpoint. St. Paul's Church is a beautiful pause on one end of the Chakkar trail. It was commissioned as the house of worship for the serving officers who came up for recuperation to the hills and for the missionaries who were posted here. Built in 1839 high up in the mountains, this church has seen its share of history. I heard a local say that the Jim Corbett’s parents Christopher and Mary Corbett were married at this very church in 1859. The largely wooden frame of the church also houses tall arched windows framed with beautiful stained Belgian glass windows. With the backdrop of the setting sun, the beauty of church revealed itself with breathtaking contrast bringing into sharp focus all the details of the dark wood and the altar bathed in gorgeous light only made the contrast of the deep shadows along the pews seem conspicuous. Landour Language School is yet another lovely stop on the Chakkar trail. It is an almost-100 year old institution housed in the Kellogg Memorial Church complex established with the idea of teaching the Hindi language to the missionaries who cared for the sick soldiers who would come to the hills for recuperation. Even today the language school admits large number of foreigners who visit the school in order to learn Hindi and it is not an uncommon sight to see a person of foreign origin having a conversation in halting Hindi with the locals. One evening I went down the hill to the heart of Mussorie and dove straight into the chaos of Mall road, I found the entire experience over-rated and exhausting. The whole space is filled with shops hawking everything from woolen wear to Tibetian artifacts and is packed with tourists and honeymooners. I admit it offers a great opportunity for people watching while sampling the many food offerings, but honestly the only reason I undertook this exercise was to meet my childhood hero and one of the best authors of all times. The Cambridge Book Depot on Mussoorie's Mall Road hosts a meet and greet session with Ruskin Bond most Saturday evenings. My ultimate fan moment came when Mr.Bond signed my battered 20 year old copy of Rusty and proceeded to engage me in a conversation about Coorg and anthuriums. Stepped out of the bookstore to find the Mall road bathed in twilight and the brisk weather prompting me to wrap my scarf a little tighter around my neck. The evening atmosphere of the entire area was such a clash to the tranquility I had experienced for 3 days that I found myself rushing back to the serene twin town. The more distance I put between myself and the hustle and bustle of Mussorie, I came back to the presence of fantastic views of the cloud covered Doon Valley broken by picturesque little houses and the sight of locals going about their business — kids climbing uphill with school backpacks on their wiry frames, teenage sweethearts stealing glaces of each other from balconies, housewives returning with vegetables from the local farmers market and men gathered around small shops that sell tea discussing the days events - all while birds filled their air with their last songs for the day. I stayed at the beautiful 175 year old heritage property - Rokeby Manor with its stone and wood architecture, balconies, tea gardens, rooms with views overlooking the Doon valley and its very English aura. Spent the stormy evening exploring a charming private library named "Wilson's Chamber" sipping a cup of brilliant masala chai to the sound of rolling thunder. The walls of this property are decorated with ample sayings oozing with classic British tongue in cheek humor. The walls of Emily's houses some of the best, I particularly loved one that read "Harassing the cook will definitely result in smaller portions" and another that asks you to sleep in the kitchen if you want breakfast in bed. Char Dukaan a group of 4 shops is a landmark at Landour. You'll find the shops selling different varieties of pancakes, omelettes, Tibetan food and cheese maggi. On that note, the more I've travelled I've come to realise that a hot bowl of maggi and a cup of chai at one of the mountain highway stops is all the refreshment you need to make a hill station experience in India complete. I still remember wolfing down a bowl full of steaming maggi at Rohtang pass and feeling blissfully satiated. Landour has got to be one of the best birding destinations in the world as it offers a perfect setting for the migratory birds travelling across continents to break their flight. The air is rife with the sound of grosbeaks, finches, tits, sunbirds and flycatchers. In my opinion, birding on the Chakkar trail in the morning is a must do not just for enthusiastic birders. Life up in the cloud bank is shrouded in mist and rain, broken by beautiful spells of sunshine peeking from in between the tall ancient deodars. If you are the kind of traveller who is travelling with an agenda of visiting a ton of places on a 3-4 day getaway, Landour is definitely not for you. Landour is where you go to when you just simply want to “be” — be amidst the sparkling air and the towering deodars all in the constant presence of the Himalayas that spring into view on a clear, bright day. I would go back in a heartbeat, to views of pure majesty and trails lined with fallen pine cones. Till next time, Sowmya Posted by Ceej 04:36 Archived in India Tagged bond landour mussorie paul's_church kellogs_church ruskin chakkar Comments (2)

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