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USC Information Sciences Institute 16

588

SMA 0014 weighed 20206 kilograms , reached sexual maturity at 21 years, and died aged 28.

589

BYU 601–17328 weighed 18178 kilograms , reached sexual maturity at 19 years, and died aged 31.

594

The closely related genus Saurophaganax (OMNH 1708) reached perhaps 10 meters in length, and its single species has sometimes been included in the genus Allosaurus as Allosaurus maximus, though recent studies support it as a separate genus.

595

Another potential specimen of Allosaurus, once assigned to the genus Epanterias (AMNH 5767), may have measured 12 meters in length.

598

AKM receiver stamped from a smooth 1.0 mm sheet of steel supported extensively by pins and rivets.

603

The moving assembly has about 5 mm of free travel, which creates a delay between the initial recoil impulse of the piston and the bolt unlocking sequence, allowing gas pressures to drop to a safe level before the seal between the chamber and the bolt is broken.

604

The sight line elements are approximately 48 mm over the bore axis.

605

The "point-blank range" battle zero setting "П" standing for постоянная (constant) on the 7.62×39mm AK-47 rear tangent sight element corresponds to a 300 meters zero.

606

Some AK-type rifles have a front sight with a flip-up luminous dot that is calibrated at 50 meters , for improved night fighting.

608

The later steel AKM 30-round magazines had lighter sheet-metal bodies with prominent reinforcing ribs weighing 0.33 kilograms empty.

609

To further reduce weight, a lightweight magazine with an aluminum body with a prominent reinforcing waffle rib pattern weighing 0.19 kilograms empty was developed for the AKM that proved to be too fragile and the small issued amount of these magazines was quickly withdrawn from service.

610

These rust-colored magazines weigh 0.24 kilograms empty and are often mistakenly identified as being made of Bakelite (a phenolic resin), but were actually fabricated from two-parts of AG-S4 molding compound (a glass-reinforced phenol-formaldehyde binder impregnated composite), assembled using an epoxy resin adhesive.

611

The current issue steel-reinforced matte true black nonreflective surface finished 7.62×39mm 30-round magazines, fabricated from ABS plastic weigh 0.25 kilograms empty.

613

11 magazines for 330 rounds 10 kilograms

614

12 magazines for 360 rounds 9 kilograms

615

13 magazines for 390 rounds 9 kilograms

617

The AK-47 bayonet is installed by slipping the 17 mm diameter muzzle ring around the muzzle and latching the handle down on the bayonet lug under the front sight base.

618

Rifle weight is 3 kilograms .

619

Rifle weight is 3 kilograms due to the lighter receiver.

620

The AK-47's accuracy has always been considered date=October 2017 to be "good enough" to hit an adult male torso out to about 300 meters , though even experts firing from prone or bench rest positions at this range were observed to have difficulty placing ten consecutive rounds on target.

621

The best shooters are able to hit a man-sized target at 800 meters within five shots (firing from prone or bench rest position) or ten shots (standing).

622

: (under the default conditions of no wind and sea level atmospheric pressure, 15 Coulomb ).

623

The vertical and horizontal mean (R 50 ) deviations with service ammunition at 800 meters for AK platforms are.

624

SKS, AK-47, AKM, and AK-74 dispersion at 800 meters

625

On 19 September 2017 a 9 meters monument of Kalashnikov was unveiled in central Moscow.

626

The system weighed more than 700 pounds .

627

It contained approximately 1.0 miles of wire, 280 dual-triode vacuum tubes, 31 thyratrons, and was about the size of a desk.

628

The highest mountain outside Asia, Argentina's Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about 6961 meters above sea level.

629

The world's highest volcanoes are in the Andes, including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6893 meters .

631

Across the 1000 kilometers wide Drake Passage lie the mountains of the Antarctic Peninsula south of the Scotia Plate which appear to be a continuation of the Andes chain.

632

The northern Andes are typically rainy and warm, with an average temperature of 18 Coulomb in Colombia.

633

Though precipitation increases with the height, there are semiarid conditions in the nearly 7000 meters highest mountains of the Andes.

634

The largest glaciers, as e.g. the Plomo glacier and the Horcones glaciers, do not even reach 10 kilometers in length and have an only insignificant ice thickness.

639

These trees, by locals referred to as Queñua, Yagual and other names, can be found at altitudes of 4500 meters above sea level.

640

A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above 4000 meters , but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests ("cloud forests") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina.

641

La Paz, Bolivia's seat of government, is the highest capital city in the world, at an elevation of approximately 3650 meters .

642

Parts of the La Paz conurbation, including the city of El Alto, extend up to 4200 meters .

643

Also, by early sowing, maize can be cultivated higher up in the mountains (up to 3800 meters ).

644

Cerro Fitz Roy, 3375 meters or 3,405 m, Patagonia, also known as Cerro Chaltén

645

Peaklist.org: Complete list of mountains in South America with an elevation at/above 1500 meters

647

Abu'l-Abbas as-Saffah ( ), the founder of the Abbasid Caliphate, made it his capital in 752, constructing a new town half a farsakh ( 2 kilometers ) to the north for his Khurasani troops.

650

It is navigable in small boats for about 570 kilometers to near Markovo.

651

The drop from Markovo to the sea is less than 100 feet .

652

NH 3 boils at -33.34 °C at a pressure of one atmosphere, so the liquid must be stored under pressure or at low temperature.

653

The concentration of such solutions is measured in units of the Baumé scale (density), with 26 degrees Baumé (about 30% (by weight) ammonia at 15 °C ) being the typical high-concentration commercial product.

656

title=Electromagnetic Waves of 1 cms .

659

A saturated solution of ammonium nitrate (Divers' solution, named after Edward Divers) contains 0.83 mol solute per mole of ammonia and has a vapour pressure of less than 1 bar even at 25 Coulomb .

661

The massive skull of Albertosaurus, which was perched on a short, S-shaped neck, was about 1.0 meters long in the largest adults.

662

(not printed until 2000) Further excavation from 1997 to 2005 turned up the remains of 13 more individuals of various ages, including a diminutive two-year-old and a very old individual estimated at over 10 meters in length.

663

The youngest known Albertosaurus is a two-year-old discovered in the Dry Island bonebed, which would have weighed about 50 kilograms (110 lb) and measured slightly more than 2 meters in length.

664

The 10 meters specimen from the same quarry is the oldest and largest known, at 28 years of age.

665

The growth rate during this phase was 122 kilograms per year, based on an adult 1.3 tonnes.

666

Tyrannosaurids similar in size to Albertosaurus had similar growth rates, although the much larger Tyrannosaurus rex grew at almost five times this rate ( 601 kilograms per year) at its peak.

667

It was captured by the Corinthians in 625 BC and was situated about 11 kilometers from the Ambracian Gulf, on a bend of the navigable river Arachthos (or Aratthus), in the midst of a fertile wooded plain.

668

Heated above 200 Coulomb , amber decomposes, yielding an oil of amber, and leaves a black residue which is known as "amber colophony", or "amber pitch"; when dissolved in oil of turpentine or in linseed oil this forms "amber varnish" or "amber lac".

669

Only about 100 kilograms is found per year, which makes it valuable and expensive.

670

An alphorn made at Rigi-Kulm, Schwyz, and now in the Victoria and Albert Museum, measures 8 feet in length and has a straight tube.

671

C. crocodilus, the spectacled caiman, has the widest distribution, from southern Mexico to the northern half of Argentina, and grows to a modest size of about 2 meters .

673

In May 1843, he purchased a 90 acres farm in Harvard, Massachusetts.

674

The relief is very low and the carving detailed, but large rooms were lined with continuous compositions on slabs around 7 feet high.

675

1991 A cyclone strikes the Chittagong district of southeastern Bangladesh with winds of around 155 mph , killing at least 138,000 people and leaving as many as ten million homeless.

676

1933 Loggers cause a forest fire in the Coast Range of Oregon, later known as the first forest fire of the Tillamook Burn; it is not fully extinguished until September 5, after destroying 240000 acres .

678

This close approximation to the modern value of −273.15 °C for the zero of the air thermometer was further improved upon in 1779 by Johann Heinrich Lambert, who observed that -270.0 Coulomb might be regarded as absolute cold.

680

By 1845, Michael Faraday had managed to liquefy most gases then known to exist, and reached a new record for lowest temperatures by reaching -130.0 Coulomb .

681

In 1877, Louis Paul Cailletet in France and Raoul Pictet in Switzerland succeeded in producing the first droplets of liquid air -195.0 Coulomb .

682

This was followed in 1883 by the production of liquid oxygen -218.0 Coulomb by the Polish professors Zygmunt Wróblewski and Karol Olszewski.

683

In 1898, after 20 years of effort, Dewar was first to liquefy hydrogen, reaching a new low-temperature record of -252.0 Coulomb .

684

He lowered the temperature to the boiling point of helium -269.0 Coulomb .

686

In February 2003, the Boomerang Nebula was observed to have been releasing gases at a speed of 500000 kmph for the last 1,500 years.

689

The Aare leaves the Grimselsee just to the east to the Grimsel Hospiz, below the Grimsel Pass, and then flows northwest through the Haslital, forming on the way the magnificent Handegg Waterfall, 46 meters , past Guttannen.

690

Less than 1.0 kilometers later the river carves through a limestone ridge in the Aare Gorge ( ).

691

The nucleus of the estate was a small farm of 100 acres , called Cartleyhole, nicknamed Clarty (i.e., muddy) Hole, and was bought by Scott on the lapse of his lease (1811) of the neighbouring house of Ashestiel.

692

It is located about 11 kilometers west of the Nile at latitude 26° 10' N, near the modern Egyptian towns of el-'Araba el Madfuna and al-Balyana.

693

The foundations of the successive temples were comprised within approximately 18 feet .

695

Soon after, Mentuhotep II entirely rebuilt the temple, laying a stone pavement over the area, about 45 feet square.

696

Murray, The Osireion at Abydos The temple was originally 550 feet long, but the forecourts are scarcely recognizable, and the part still in good condition is about

698

The greatest of these tombs with its dependencies, covered a space of over 3000 meters square , however it is possible for this to have been several tombs which abutted one another during construction; the Egyptians had no means of mapping the positioning of the tombs.

699

The Arbre du Ténéré in Niger was the most isolated tree in the world, about 400 kilometers from any other tree.

700

Acapulco de Juárez ( ), commonly called Acapulco ( , also ), is a city, municipality and major seaport in the state of Guerrero on the Pacific coast of Mexico, 380 kilometers south of Mexico City.

701

Other victims were swept away by thirty-foot waves and 150 mph winds.

702

Altitude varies from sea level to 1699 meters .

705

The Acabus infrastructure has a length of 36 kilometers , counts with 16 stations that spread through the city of Acapulco and 5 routes.

706

1960 Joseph Kittinger parachutes from a balloon over New Mexico at 102800 feet , setting three records that held until 2012: High-altitude jump, free fall, and highest speed by a human without an aircraft.

707

2008 The Trump International Hotel and Tower in Chicago is topped off at 1389 feet , at the time becoming the world's highest residence above ground-level.

708

Overall the Apollo program returned 842 pounds of lunar rocks and soil to Earth, greatly contributing to the understanding of the Moon's composition and geological history.

710

The Apollo spacecraft could be tested in two vacuum chambers capable of simulating atmospheric pressure at altitudes up to 250000 feet , which is nearly a vacuum.

712

Landing the smaller spacecraft on the Moon, and returning an even smaller part ( 10042 pounds ) to lunar orbit, minimized the total mass to be launched from Earth, but this was the last method initially considered because of the perceived risk of rendezvous and docking.

714

This design would have required development of the extremely powerful Saturn C-8 or Nova launch vehicle to carry a 163000 pounds payload to the Moon.

718

The initial LM model weighed approximately 33300 pounds , and allowed surface stays up to around 34 hours.

719

An extended lunar module weighed over 36200 pounds , and allowed surface stays of more than three days.

720

The initial direct ascent plan to send the three-person Apollo command and service module directly to the lunar surface, on top of a large descent rocket stage, would require a Nova-class launcher, with a lunar payload capability of over 180000 pounds .

723

The 22500 pounds payload capacity would have severely limited the systems which could be included, so the decision was made in October 1963 to use the uprated Saturn IB for all crewed Earth orbital flights.

726

A restartable version of the S-IVB was used as the third stage of the Saturn V. The Saturn IB could send over 40000 pounds into low Earth orbit, sufficient for a partially fueled CSM or the LM.

728

Its capability grew to 103600 pounds for the later advanced lunar landings.

731

Launch The three Saturn V stages burn for about 11 minutes to achieve a 100 nautical miles circular parking orbit.

732

The CSM and LM separate; the CMP visually inspects the LM, then the LM crew move a safe distance away and fire the descent engine for Descent orbit insertion, which takes it to a perilune of about 50000 feet .

735

Stafford and Cernan took the LM to within 50000 feet of the lunar surface.

736

In over 18 hours of EVA, they collected about 77 kilograms of lunar material.

737

Dress rehearsal for first lunar landing; flew LM down to 50000 feet from lunar surface.

738

The Apollo program returned over 382 kilograms of lunar rocks and soil to the Lunar Receiving Laboratory in Houston.