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stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|
C | [
"ADF is a single equation approach to unit root testing while PP is a systems approach",
"PP tests reverse the DF null and alternative hypotheses so that there is stationarity under the null hypothesis of the PP test",
"The PP test incorporates an automatic correction for autocorrelated residuals in the test regression",
"PP tests have good power in small samples whereas DF tests do not."
] | What is the main difference between the Dickey Fuller (DF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) approaches to unit root testing? |
A | [
"It would rise more quickly for negative disturbances than for positive ones of the same magnitude",
"It would be symmetrical about zero",
"It would rise less quickly for negative disturbances than for positive ones of the same magnitude",
"It would be zero for all positive disturbances"
] | If there were a leverage effect in practice, what would be the shape of the news impact curve for as model that accounted for that leverage? |
A | [
"Includes too many variables",
"Includes as few variables as possible to explain the data",
"Is a well-specified model",
"Is a mis-specified model"
] | A parsimonious model is one that |
B | [
"An AR and an MA model",
"An AR and an ARMA model",
"An MA and an ARMA model",
"Different models from within the ARMA family"
] | The pacf is necessary for distinguishing between |
D | [
"T x k",
"T x 1",
"k x 1",
"1 x 1"
] | What are the dimensions of $\hat{u}^t \hat{u}? |
B | [
"1 and 2",
"1 and 0.5",
"2 and -0.5",
"1 and -3"
] | The characteristic roots of the MA process
$y_t = -3u_{t-1} + u_{t-2} + u_t$
are |
D | [
"Residuals appear to be positively autocorrelated",
"Residuals appear to be negatively autocorrelated",
"Residuals appear not to be autocorrelated",
"The test result is inconclusive"
] | Suppose that the Durbin Watson test is applied to a regression containing two explanatory variables plus a constant with 50 data points. The test statistic takes a value of 1.53. What is the appropriate conclusion? |
A | [
"It will be consistent, unbiased and efficient",
"It will be consistent and unbiased but not efficient",
"It will be consistent but not unbiased",
"It will not be consistent"
] | What will be the properties of the OLS estimator in the presence of multicollinearity? |
A | [
"The current value of y",
"Zero",
"One",
"The average value of y over the in-sample period"
] | If a series, y, follows a random walk, what is the optimal one-step ahead forecast of y? |
B | [
"A necessary and sufficient condition for identification",
"A necessary but not sufficient condition for identification",
"A sufficient but not necessary condition for identification",
"A condition that is nether necessary nor sufficient for identification"
] | The order condition is |
C | [
"The roots of the characteristic equation must all lie inside the unit circle",
"The roots of the characteristic equation must all lie on the unit circle",
"The roots of the characteristic equation must all lie outside the unit circle",
"The roots of the characteristic equation must all be less than one in absolute value"
] | For an autoregressive process to be considered stationary |
D | [
"The current value of y",
"Zero",
"One",
"The average value of the change in y over the in-sample period"
] | If a series, y, follows a random walk with drift b, what is the optimal one-step ahead forecast of the change in y? |
C | [
"1.64",
"1.71",
"2.06",
"1.96"
] | Suppose that the following regression is estimated using 27 quarterly observations:
$y_t = \beta_1 + \beta_2 x_2 + \beta_3 x_{3t} + u_t$
What is the appropriate critical value for a 2-sided 5% size of test of $H_0: \beta_3 = 1$? |
A | [
"77.07",
"0.31",
"0.33",
"4.87"
] | Suppose that two researchers, using the same 3 variables and the same 250 observations on each variable, estimate a VAR. One estimates a VAR(6), while the other estimates a VAR(4). The determinants of the variance-covariance matrices of the residuals for each VAR are 0.0036 and 0.0049 respectively. What is the values of the test statistic for performing a test of whether the VAR(6) can be restricted to a VAR(4)? |
C | [
"The diagonal VECH model is hard to interpret intuitively",
"The diagonal VECH model contains too many parameters",
"The diagonal VECH model does not ensure a positive-definite variance-covariance matrix",
"The BEKK model reduces the dimensionality problem that arises when a number of series are modelled together."
] | What is the most important disadvantage of the diagonal VECH approach to building multivariate GARCH models that is overcome by the BEKK formulation? |
C | [
"(ii) and (iv) only",
"(i) and (iii) only",
"(i), (ii), and (iii) only",
"(i), (ii), (iii), and (iv)"
] | If a relevant variable is omitted from a regression equation, the consequences would be that:
i) The standard errors would be biased
ii) If the excluded variable is uncorrelated with all of the included variables, all of
the slope coefficients will be inconsistent.
iii) If the excluded variable is uncorrelated with all of the included variables, the
intercept coefficient will be inconsistent.
iv) If the excluded variable is uncorrelated with all of the included variables, all of
the slope and intercept coefficients will be consistent and unbiased but inefficient. |
A | [
"The variance of the errors is not constant",
"The variance of the dependent variable is not constant",
"The errors are not linearly independent of one another",
"The errors have non-zero mean"
] | What is the meaning of the term "heteroscedasticity"? |
C | [
"Close to zero",
"Close to plus one",
"Close to minus one",
"Close to either minus one or plus one"
] | If a Durbin Watson statistic takes a value close to zero, what will be the value of the first order autocorrelation coefficient? |
B | [
"Zero skewness and zero kurtosis",
"Zero skewness and a kurtosis of three",
"Skewness of one and zero kurtosis",
"Skewness of one and kurtosis of three."
] | Under the null hypothesis of a Bera-Jarque test, the distribution has |
C | [
"On average, the estimated coefficient values will equal the true values",
"The OLS estimator is unbiased and no other unbiased estimator has a smaller variance",
"The estimates will converge upon the true values as the sample size increases",
"The coefficient estimates will be as close to their true values as possible for small and large samples."
] | If an estimator is said to be consistent, it is implied that |
A | [
"H0 is rejected",
"H0 is not rejected",
"H1 is rejected",
"There is insufficient information given in the question to reach a conclusion"
] | Consider an identical situation to that of question 21, except that now a 2-sided alternative is used. What would now be the appropriate conclusion? |
B | [
"Discrete",
"Cardinal",
"Ordinal",
"Nominal"
] | The price of a house is best described as what type of number? |
B | [
"Produce 1, 2, 3, ..., 10 step ahead conditional variance forecasts and add them up",
"Produce 1, 2, 3, ..., 10 step ahead conditional variance forecasts and add them up and take the square root",
"Produce 1, 2, 3, ..., 10 step ahead conditional variance forecasts, take the square roots of each one and add them up",
"Produce a 1-step ahead conditional variance forecast, take its square root and multiply it by the square root of 10"
] | Suppose that we have estimated a GARCH model for daily equity returns, and we are interested in producing a 10-day forecast of the volatility (measured by the standard deviation of returns) for use in a value at risk model. How could such a forecast most validly be calculated? |
A | [
"(ii) and (iv) only",
"(i) and (iii) only",
"(i), (ii), and (iii) only",
"(i), (ii), (iii), and (iv)"
] | A white noise process will have
(i) A zero mean
(ii) A constant variance
(iii) Autocovariances that are constant
(iv) Autocovariances that are zero except at lag zero |
B | [
"A seemingly unrelated regression model",
"The least squares dummy variables approach",
"The random effects model",
"Heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation consistent"
] | The fixed effects panel model is also sometimes known as |
B | [
"Determining whether an equation that is part of a simultaneous system is identified",
"Determining whether a simultaneous framework is needed for a particular variable",
"Determining whether 2SLS or ILS is optimal",
"Determining whether the structural form equations can be obtained via substitution from the reduced forms"
] | A Hausman test would be used for |
B | [
"T x k",
"T x 1",
"k x 1",
"1 x 1"
] | Under the matrix notation for the classical linear regression model, $y = X \beta + u$, what are the dimensions of $u$? |
D | [
"12",
"4",
"3",
"36"
] | How many parameters will be required to be estimated in total for all equations of a standard form, unrestricted, tri-variate VAR(4), ignoring the intercepts? |
D | [
"The RSS for the whole sample",
"The RSS for the first sub-sample",
"The RSS for the second sub-sample",
"The sum of the RSS for the first and second sub-samples"
] | A researcher tests for structural stability in the following regression model:
$y_t = \beta_1 + \beta_2 x_{2t} + \beta_3 x_{3t} + u_t$
The total sample of 200 observations is split exactly in half for the sub-sample regressions. Which would be the unrestricted residual sum of squares? |
B | [
"Stationary process",
"Unit root process",
"Explosive process",
"Stationary and unit root process"
] | Consider the following AR(2) process:
yt = 1.5 yt-1 - 0.5 yt-2 + ut
This is a |
C | [
"The difference between the actual value, y, and the mean, y-bar",
"The difference between the fitted value, y-hat, and the mean, y-bar",
"The difference between the actual value, y, and the fitted value, y-hat",
"The square of the difference between the fitted value, y-hat, and the mean, y-bar"
] | The residual from a standard regression model is defined as |
C | [
"Unbiased and consistent",
"Biased but consistent",
"Biased and inconsistent",
"It is impossible to apply OLS to equations that are part of a simultaneous system"
] | If OLS is applied separately to each equation that is part of a simultaneous system, the resulting estimates will be |
B | [
"A logit model",
"A multinomial logit",
"A tobit model",
"An ordered logit model"
] | Suppose that we wished to evaluate the factors that affected the probability that an investor would choose an equity fund rather than a bond fund or a cash investment. Which class of model would be most appropriate? |
A | [
"An entity fixed effects model",
"A time fixed effects model",
"A random effects model",
"A pure time series model"
] | Consider the following equation and determine the class of model that it best represents
$y_{it} = \alpha + \beta_{it} + \mu_i + \nu_{it}$ |
D | [
"0.4",
"1",
"0.34",
"It is not possible to determine the value of the autocovariances without knowing the disturbance variance."
] | Consider a series that follows an MA(1) with zero mean and a moving average coefficient of 0.4. What is the value of the autocovariance at lag 1? |
B | [
"Yes",
"No",
"In order to answer this question, you would need to test every fund manager trading in that market",
"There is insufficient information given in the question to draw a conclusion about market efficiency."
] | Suppose that 100 separate firms were tested to determine how many of them "beat the market" using a Jensen-type regression, and it is found that 3 fund managers significantly do so. Does this suggest prima facie evidence for stock market inefficiency? |
A | [
"The only social responsibility of business is to its shareholders",
"Managers should act in ways that balance the interest of society and shareholders",
"The primary responsibility organizations have is to its employees",
"The primary responsibility organizations have is to its stakeholders"
] | What does Milton Friedman believe to be the sole responsibility of business? |
C | [
"Breadth, Clarity, Accuracy",
"Disclosure, Detail, Accuracy",
"Disclosure, Clarity, Accuracy",
"Disclosure, Clarity, Efficiency"
] | What, according to Schnackenberg and Tomlinson (2014), are the three criteria which can be used to assess the quality of corporate transparency? |
B | [
"Predatory pricing",
"Deceptive pricing",
"Price fixing",
"Skimming"
] | When the true cost an item is deliberately obscured by a company this is known as? |
D | [
"Normative, Descriptive and Economic",
"Normative, Moral and Instrumental",
"Political, Descriptive and Instrumental",
"Normative, Descriptive and Instrumental"
] | What are the three differing types of stakeholder theory according to Donaldson and Preston (1995)? |
C | [
"That it is in an organization's own best interest to put itself first rather than its ethics",
"That it is in an organization's best interest to consider what a shareholder would want",
"That it is in an organization's own best interest to act in an ethical way",
"That it is in an organization's own best interest to follow the legislation and abide by the law"
] | What is the enlightened self-interest model of CSR? |
A | [
"1,2,3",
"1,3,4",
"2,3,4",
"1,2,3,4"
] | The Anglo-American model being considered the best model in light of the recession in the late 2000s. |
A | [
"Increase Revenue",
"Increase Costs",
"Decrease Revenue",
"Decrease Costs"
] | Better access to certain markets, differentiation of products, and the sale of pollution-control technology are ways in which better environmental performance can: |
D | [
"Generating Data About Stakeholder Groups",
"Assessing The Firm's Effects On Stakeholder Groups",
"Distributing Stakeholder Information Throughout The Firm",
"Minimizing The Influence Of Stakeholder Information On The Firm"
] | A stakeholder orientation includes all of the following activities except: |
D | [
"1,2,4",
"1,2,3,4",
"1,2",
"1,4"
] | Predatory pricing. |
D | [
"A theory which states that an action is morally incorrect if it promotes the greatest good for the greatest number",
"A theory which states that an action is morally right if it promotes the greatest good for the decision maker",
"A theory which states that an action is morally right if it promotes the greatest good for the smallest number",
"A theory which states that an action is morally right if it promotes the greatest good for the greatest number"
] | Pick the correct description of the following term: Utilitarianism is… |
D | [
"The short-term maintenance of systems according to environmental, economic and social considerations",
"The long-term maintenance of processes according to environmental, economic and cultural considerations.",
"The short-term maintenance of systems according to environmental, political and social considerations.",
"The long-term maintenance of systems according to environmental, economic and social considerations."
] | Sustainability can broadly be defined as |
D | [
"1,3,4",
"2,3,4",
"1,2,3",
"1,2,4"
] | Demand reduction. |
A | [
"Social Contract",
"Duty Ethics",
"Consequentialism",
"Virtue Ethics"
] | What term can be used to describe 'the hypothetical agreement between member of society and those who govern it which establishes the inter-relationships, rights and responsibilities on a fair basis'? |
B | [
"Political, Legal, Ethical and Philanthropic",
"Economic, Legal, Ethical and Philanthropic",
"Economic, Legal, Cultural and Philanthropic",
"Economic, Legal, Ethical and Environmental"
] | According Carroll what four categories or aspects can corporate social responsibility be broken down into? |
D | [
"Consumer inclusion",
"Consumer competence",
"Consumer exclusion",
"Consumer vulnerability"
] | The state of being unable to make an informed, reasoned decision about a product purchase is known as? |
C | [
"1,2,3,4",
"1,3,4",
"1,2,3",
"1,2,4"
] | The complexity of the theory. |
B | [
"2,3",
"1,3",
"3,4",
"1,2,3,4"
] | CSO's frequently spend too much time communicating their performance measures and too much time devising them with input from beneficiaries. |
D | [
"has negative working capital",
"cannot meet its budgeted level of profit",
"makes a loss",
"cannot pay creditors in full after realisation of its assets"
] | A company may become insolvent if it |
A | [
"1,3,4",
"1,2,3,",
"1,2,4",
"2,3,4"
] | Managers and directors have a fiduciary responsibility to protect the investment of shareholders. |
B | [
"1,3,4",
"1,2,3",
"1,2,3,4",
"2,3,4"
] | Cultural homogenization. |
B | [
"1,2,3",
"1,2,4",
"2,3,4",
"1,2,3,4"
] | Insider trading undermines the fiduciary relationship. |
A | [
"Social policies, Social programmes and Social impacts",
"Social evaluations, Social programmes and Social impacts",
"Social policies, Social evidencing and Social impacts",
"Social policies, Social programmes and Social analysis"
] | What are, according to Wood (1991), the three outcomes of CSR? |
B | [
"2,3",
"1,3",
"1,2,3",
"1,2"
] | Post-modern ethics assert that ethics are context and individual specific and as such have an internal guide to ethics. |
C | [
"1,3,4",
"2,3,4",
"1,2,3",
"1,2,3,4"
] | The need to head off negative publicity. |
B | [
"3,4",
"1,3",
"2,3",
"4,1"
] | They are too irrational and uncodified. |
A | [
"1,2",
"1,3",
"2,3",
"1,2,3"
] | The purposes for which the information is used is in the public's interest. |
D | [
"1,2,4",
"2,3,4",
"1,2,3,4",
"1,2,3"
] | The Private Sector Social Enterprise Model. |
B | [
"1,2,3",
"1,2,4",
"1,3,4",
"2,3,4"
] | How the code is enforced. |
C | [
"Incredibly close, in fact, in all instances what is ethical is also what is legal and vice versa.",
"Not close, ethics and the law share a small amount of overlap, but fundamentally address differing questions and themes.",
"Close, as there is considerable overlap between ethics and law, but the two are not equivalent.",
"Not at all close, ethics and the law are virtually incompatible."
] | The relationship between ethics and the law can be described as… |
C | [
"Braxton Hicks contractions",
"lower uterine retraction ring",
"hypotonic uterine dysfunction",
"primary dysfunctional labor"
] | A 25-year-old gravida 3 para 2 female is admitted to the hospital at 39 weeks' gestation in active labor. She had been having regular contractions every 4 minutes, but is now having only a few intermittent, weak contractions. She has received medication for pain twice in the past 6 hours. Examination shows no reason for obstructed labor. The fetal head is engaged, the membranes are intact, the fetal heart tones are normal, and the cervix is 100% effaced and 7 cm dilated. The most likely diagnosis is |
C | [
"anteriorly deviated distal femur",
"plantar flexed cuboid",
"posteriorly deviated fibular head",
"unilateral sacral shear"
] | A 19-year-old male presents to the office for evaluation after he was hit from behind below the right knee while playing football. Gait analysis reveals a lack of fluid motion. Standing flexion test results are negative. Cruciate and collateral knee ligaments appear intact. Foot drop on the right is noted. The most likely diagnosis is |
D | [
"autonomic neurogenic bladderv",
"motor paralytic bladder",
"reflex neurogenic bladder",
"uninhibited neurogenic bladder"
] | A 65-year-old female is admitted to the hospital after experiencing aphasia and right-sided hemiparesis. She subsequently develops urinary incontinence. There is no evidence of urinary tract infection and no prior history of urinary pathology. The most likely diagnosis is |
B | [
"aortic insufficiency",
"aortic stenosis",
"mitral regurgitation",
"mitral stenosis"
] | A 77-year-old female presents to the office for evaluation of a syncopal event that occurred while she was walking. Cardiac examination reveals a grade 3/6 systolic murmur, heard best at the right upper sternal border. There is radiation of the murmur into the neck. The valvular abnormality that most likely caused this episode is |
C | [
"immune globulin to the patient. This treatment is most likely to prevent which of the following in this mother?",
"Development of natural killer cells",
"Development of polycythemia",
"Formation of antibodies to RhD"
] | A 30-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 0, aborta 1, at 28 weeks' gestation comes to the office for a prenatal visit. She has had one previous pregnancy resulting in a spontaneous abortion at 12 weeks' gestation. Today, her vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination shows a uterus consistent in size with a 28-week gestation. Fetal ultrasonography shows a male fetus with no abnormalities. Her blood group is O, Rh-negative. The father's blood group is B, Rh-positive. The physician recommends administration of Rho |
B | [
"ankylosing spondylitis",
"fibromyalgia",
"myofascial pain syndrome",
"osteoarthritis"
] | A 50-year-old female presents to the office with the complaints of chronic achiness, stiffness, and fatigue. Physical examination reveals multiple bilateral tender points in the trapezius, gluteal, and suboccipital muscle groups. Radiograph findings and laboratory study results are normal. The most likely diagnosis is |
B | [
"Bordetella pertussis",
"Corynebacterium diphtheriae",
"Epstein-Barr virus",
"Haemophilus influenzae"
] | An epidemic involving 10 individuals of all ages occurs in a migrant worker camp. None of the patients has had any form of immunization. Most cases present with fever, chills, tachypnea, sore throat, swollen glands, and severe malaise. One patient dies from respiratory complications, and another dies from myocardial involvement. A gram-positive rod is isolated from the respiratory tracts of 7 of the patients. The most likely cause of the outbreak is |
A | [
"adjustment disorder with anxious mood",
"generalized anxiety disorder",
"major depressive disorder, single episode, moderate",
"obsessive-compulsive personality disorder"
] | A 29-year-old male presents to the office with the complaints of a pounding heart, poor sleep, and a generalized feeling of restlessness. He relocated 2 months ago to take a promotion and has found himself unable to concentrate on his new duties. He worries about his ability to adapt to his increase in responsibility at work and states that he has called in sick 3 days within the past 2 weeks. The most likely diagnosis is |
A | [
"adjustment disorder with depressed mood",
"bipolar I disorder, mixed",
"cyclothymic personality",
"generalized anxiety disorder"
] | A 30-year-old nulliparous female presents to the office with the complaint of mood changes. She says that for the past several months she has been anxious, hyperactive, and unable to sleep 3 to 4 days prior to the onset of menses. She further reports that on the day her menses begins she becomes acutely depressed, anorectic, irritable, and lethargic. She has no psychiatric history. Physical examination findings are normal. She and her husband have been trying to conceive for over 2 years. History reveals a tuboplasty approximately 1 year ago to correct a closed fallopian tube. The most likely diagnosis is |
B | [
"calcification of the orbit",
"diffuse enlargement of the rectus muscles",
"dilated ventricles",
"lymphoma"
] | A 43-year-old female presents to the office with a 2-month history of heat intolerance, weight loss, tachycardia, and diffuse goiter. Examination reveals exophthalmos, inflammation of the periorbital tissue and conjunctivae, a heart rate of 140/min, and warm, velvety skin. An MRI of the head and orbits will most likely reveal |
D | [
"anterior packing",
"placing an ice compress over the nose",
"catheter balloon tamponade",
"pinching the nares together for 5 minutes"
] | A 64-year-old male presents to the emergency room with a bloody nose that has been dripping out his nares for the past 2 hours. He denies any trauma, recent upper respiratory illness, or history of prior bloody nose. Past medical history is unremarkable, and he takes no medications. He has a blood pressure of 180/90 mmHg. Examination of the nasal passages reveals that the site of the bleeding is on the septal mucosa of the right naris. The most appropriate next step in management includes |
D | [
"acquired factor VIII deficiency",
"diffuse intravascular coagulation secondary to infection",
"hypocomplementemia",
"malabsorption of vitamins A, D, E, and K"
] | A 16-year-old male is brought to the emergency department with sudden-onset swelling of the right knee. He denies any trauma. Past medical history reveals cystic fibrosis. Examination of the knee reveals fluctuance on palpation of the joint but no increased warmth; mild restriction in range of motion due to the swelling is also noted. Numerous bruises are noted in various stages of resolution. Further history reveals easy bruising and bleeding from the gums over the past month. The most likely explanation for these findings is |
D | [
"administer an epidural anesthetic",
"administer tocolytic therapy",
"apply cervical topical corticosteroids",
"augment the labor with oxytocin"
] | A 25-year-old gravida 3 para 2 female is admitted to the hospital at 39 weeks' gestation in active labor. She had been having regular contractions every 4 minutes, but is now having only a few intermittent, weak contractions. She has received medication for pain twice in the past 6 hours. Examination shows no reason for obstructed labor. The fetal head is engaged, the membranes are intact, the fetal heart tones are normal, and the cervix is 100% effaced and 7 cm dilated. The most appropriate management is to |
B | [
"high velocity, low amplitude",
"indirect myofascial release",
"isotonic exercise therapy",
"mid velocity, mid amplitude"
] | A 68-year-old female has a history of breast cancer that has recurred twice in the past 5 years. She has undergone both radiation and chemotherapy for metastatic carcinoma to the bone. She presents to the office today to ask for help in dealing with midthoracic back pain to enable her to use less analgesic agents. The most appropriate osteopathic manipulative technique to treat this patient's spine is |
C | [
"the motion barrier was articulated more than 3 times",
"the motion barrier was met with a vectored force from the direction of ease",
"the neck was treated in simultaneous hyperrotation and extension",
"the patient was previously treated for osteoarthritis of the cervical spine"
] | A 78-year-old male presents to the office with the complaint of severe neck pain. He rates the pain as a 7 on a scale of 0 to 10 scale. He denies any trauma but reports that he had been doing a lot of painting over the past week. He denies any radicular pain or numbness. Cervical range of motion is moderately limited in all fields. He is treated with articulatory springing technique. Four hours later the physician receives a call from the local emergency department, where the patient presented confused, nauseated, and vertiginous. The physician may be found liable if |
D | [
"injection with a sclerosing agent",
"needle aspiration",
"needle biopsy",
"surgical repair"
] | A 15-year-old male presents to the office with the complaint of painless swelling in the left testicle that has varied in size over the past several months. There is no history of trauma. The lesion transilluminates well, and no inguinal nodes are palpable. Findings from a testicular scan are normal. The most appropriate management includes |
D | [
"Clostridium difficile",
"Entamoeba histolytica",
"Giardia lamblia",
"Salmonella typhi"
] | A 22-year-old male presents to the office with a 5-day history of diarrhea after completing his third course of antibiotics for mastoiditis. Physical examination reveals vague generalized abdominal pain on palpation. Culture on hektoen enteric agar is positive. The most likely etiologic agent causing the diarrhea is |
D | [
"anocutaneous fistula",
"coccygodynia",
"hidradenitis suppurativa",
"pilonidal abscess"
] | A 15-year-old male is brought to the office with a 2-day history of painful swelling over the sacral prominence that began after a fall during a high school wrestling match. The patient has a low-grade fever. Examination reveals an erythematous, fluctuant, elevated mass with 3 midline pores. Rectal examination reveals no induration or pain. The most likely diagnosis is |
D | [
"a nuclear thyroid scan",
"an iodine131 scan",
"fine-needle aspiration",
"ultrasonography of the thyroid gland"
] | A 44-year-old female presents to the office for evaluation of a lump on her neck that she noted 1 week ago. She denies any tenderness, fever, weight loss, or fatigue. Physical examination reveals a 2-cm freely movable mass in the lower left lobe of the thyroid. In addition to thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine levels, the most appropriate initial method to investigate this lesion is |
D | [
"Clostridium perfringens",
"Haemophilus influenzae",
"rhinovirus",
"Streptococcus pneumoniae"
] | A 68-year-old female presents to the emergency department with a 3-day history of worsening fever and headache. Today the patient is nauseated and less responsive. Lumbar puncture reveals a protein level of 89 mg/dL (reference range: 15-45 mg/dL) with pleocytosis. The most likely etiologic organism is |
C | [
"C1-C2",
"T1-T4",
"T7-L2",
"L3-L5"
] | A 22-year-old male college student presents to the office with a 6-month history of intermittent loose stools alternating with constipation. He says that he has been constipated for the past 5 days and denies hematochezia and melena. He says that he usually has loose stools during final exam week. Vital signs are normal. Physical examination reveals mild diffuse abdominal tenderness, and the remainder of the findings are normal. Where does the sympathetic innervation for the viscera involved in this patient's condition originate? |
D | [
"elevation of the head of the bed",
"heart rate and apnea monitoring",
"imipramine",
"surgical evaluation"
] | A 7-year-old male is brought to the office for evaluation of school problems. The mother says that the teacher has told her that the patient is inattentive, has difficulty following sequential instructions, and often seems to drift off to sleep during class. A polysomnogram reveals obstructive sleep apnea. The most appropriate management is |
B | [
"Candida albicans and Chlamydia trachomatis",
"Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae",
"Chlamydia trachomatis and Treponema pallidum",
"Gardnerella vaginalis and Mobiluncus species"
] | An 18-year-old female presents to the office with a 3-day history of lower abdominal pain and a 2-day history of fever. She reports frequent unprotected sexual intercourse with different partners since she started college 4 months ago. Abdominal examination reveals suprapubic tenderness. Bimanual examination of the uterus reveals more intense tenderness. Swabs of cervical mucus are obtained. This patient should be given antimicrobial chemotherapy to provide treatment for |
C | [
"administer a 5% albumin infusion",
"administer intravenous steroids",
"contact child protective services",
"discharge the patient home with his parents"
] | A 1-year-old male is brought to the emergency department with blistered fresh burns over his hands and feet in a stocking and glove distribution. His mother reports that he was accidentally burned when he turned on the hot water in the bathtub while she was answering the telephone in the bedroom. In addition to debridement of the burns, pain management, a thorough history and physical examination, and baseline laboratory studies, the most appropriate next step is to |
D | [
"prescription for a proton pump inhibitor and a prokinetic agent",
"prescription for an H2-blocker trial for 6 weeks",
"prescription for clotrimazole troches",
"referral for an upper endoscopy with biopsy"
] | A 40-year-old male presents to the office with symptoms of odynophagia and gastroesophageal reflux. He also says that he experienced hematemesis once last week. Past medical history reveals AIDS, and his most recent CD4 count was 30 cells/mcL. The patient's tilt test result and hemoglobin level are normal. Rectal examination demonstrates brown stool that is positive for occult blood. What is the most appropriate initial step in this patient's management? |
C | [
"acute lymphocytic leukemia",
"acute myelogenous leukemia",
"chronic lymphocytic leukemia",
"chronic myelogenous leukemia"
] | A 75-year-old female presents to the office for a health maintenance examination. She says that she is more fatigued than she was at 65, but she still gardens and drives to the grocery store. Routine laboratory studies reveal a leukocyte count of 25.0 × 103/mcL (reference range 4.5-11.0 × 103/mcL) and 97% mature-appearing lymphocytes on a peripheral blood smear. Immunohistochemical stains demonstrate the lymphocytes to be of B-cell origin. The most likely diagnosis is |
A | [
"amyotrophic lateral sclerosis",
"Friedreich ataxia",
"Pick disease",
"progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy"
] | A 64-year-old female presents to the office with the complaint of difficulty swallowing saliva for about 6 months. She has slurred speech. Examination of the tongue reveals wasting and fasciculation. Decreased deep tendon reflexes and fasciculation are noted in the left lower extremity. The deep tendon reflexes of the left upper extremity are hyperactive. The most likely diagnosis is |
B | [
"0.005 C",
"0.01 C",
"0.02 C",
"0.5 C"
] | The plates of a capacitor are charged to a potential difference of 5 V. If the capacitance is 2 mF, what is the charge on the positive plate? |
C | [
"Less, because the tension in the string varies directly with the wave speed, which varies inversely with the wavelength.",
"Greater, because the tension in the string varies directly with the wave speed, which varies inversely with the wavelength.",
"Greater, because the tension in the string varies directly with the wave speed, which varies directly with the wavelength.",
"Less, because the tension in the string varies directly with the wave speed, which varies directly with the wavelength."
] | Standing waves are produced by a 100-Hz generator in a string of fixed length. The tension in the string is increased until a new set of standing waves is produced. Will the wavelength of the new standing waves be greater than or less than the wavelength of the original standing waves? |
C | [
"0.005 J",
"0.01 J",
"0.05 J",
"0.1 J"
] | How much work is required to charge a 10 µF capacitor to a potential difference of 100 V ? |
A | [
"v0^2/(2μg)",
"v0^2/(μg)",
"2v0^2/(μg)",
"mv0^2/(μg)"
] | A box of mass m slides on a horizontal surface with initial speed v0. It feels no forces other than gravity and the force from the surface. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the surface is μ, how far does the box slide before coming to rest? |
B | [
"0.5 s",
"1 s",
"2 s",
"4 s"
] | A soccer ball, at rest on the ground, is kicked with an initial velocity of 10 m/s at a launch angle of 30°. Calculate its total flight time, assuming that air resistance is negligible. |
B | [
"4 s",
"2 s",
"0.06 s",
"0.03 s"
] | A solid sphere (I = 0.06 kg·m^2) spins freely around an axis through its center at an angular speed of 20 rad/s. It is desired to bring the sphere to rest by applying a friction force of magnitude 2.0 N to the sphere’s outer surface, a distance of 0.30 m from the sphere’s center. How much time will it take the sphere to come to rest? |
A | [
"σ/2εo, down",
"σ/2εo, up",
"σ/εo, down",
"σ/εo, up"
] | Above an infinitely large plane carrying charge density σ, the electric field points up and is equal to σ/2εo. What is the magnitude and direction of the electric field below the plane? |
D | [
"1 nm",
"1 μm",
"1 mm",
"1 m"
] | A beam of electrons has speed 10^7 m/s. It is desired to use the magnetic field of the Earth, 5 × 10−5 T, to bend the electron beam into a circle. What will be the radius of this circle? |
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