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luka023
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proba

Sentence Similarity
sentence-transformers
Safetensors
xlm-roberta
feature-extraction
Generated from Trainer
dataset_size:198
loss:MatryoshkaLoss
loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
Eval Results
text-embeddings-inference
Inference Endpoints
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SentenceTransformer based on intfloat/multilingual-e5-large

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from intfloat/multilingual-e5-large on the json dataset. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 1024-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

  • Model Type: Sentence Transformer
  • Base model: intfloat/multilingual-e5-large
  • Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
  • Output Dimensionality: 1024 tokens
  • Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity
  • Training Dataset:
    • json

Model Sources

Full Model Architecture 

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: XLMRobertaModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 1024, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("luka023/proba")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    "'Super Jenki' sistem uključuje pet događaja i 26 pojedinačnih opklada, takođe poznat kao kanadski sistem.",
    "Šta je 'Super Jenki' sistem klađenja?",
    'Kako klađenje uživo funkcioniše u tenisu?',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 1024]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Evaluation

Metrics

Information Retrieval

Metric Value
cosine_accuracy@1 0.8261
cosine_accuracy@3 0.9565
cosine_accuracy@5 1.0
cosine_accuracy@10 1.0
cosine_precision@1 0.8261
cosine_precision@3 0.3188
cosine_precision@5 0.2
cosine_precision@10 0.1
cosine_recall@1 0.8261
cosine_recall@3 0.9565
cosine_recall@5 1.0
cosine_recall@10 1.0
cosine_ndcg@10 0.9271
cosine_mrr@10 0.9022
cosine_map@100 0.9022

Information Retrieval

Metric Value
cosine_accuracy@1 0.8696
cosine_accuracy@3 1.0
cosine_accuracy@5 1.0
cosine_accuracy@10 1.0
cosine_precision@1 0.8696
cosine_precision@3 0.3333
cosine_precision@5 0.2
cosine_precision@10 0.1
cosine_recall@1 0.8696
cosine_recall@3 1.0
cosine_recall@5 1.0
cosine_recall@10 1.0
cosine_ndcg@10 0.9462
cosine_mrr@10 0.9275
cosine_map@100 0.9275

Information Retrieval

Metric Value
cosine_accuracy@1 0.8261
cosine_accuracy@3 1.0
cosine_accuracy@5 1.0
cosine_accuracy@10 1.0
cosine_precision@1 0.8261
cosine_precision@3 0.3333
cosine_precision@5 0.2
cosine_precision@10 0.1
cosine_recall@1 0.8261
cosine_recall@3 1.0
cosine_recall@5 1.0
cosine_recall@10 1.0
cosine_ndcg@10 0.9301
cosine_mrr@10 0.9058
cosine_map@100 0.9058

Information Retrieval

Metric Value
cosine_accuracy@1 0.7826
cosine_accuracy@3 0.9565
cosine_accuracy@5 1.0
cosine_accuracy@10 1.0
cosine_precision@1 0.7826
cosine_precision@3 0.3188
cosine_precision@5 0.2
cosine_precision@10 0.1
cosine_recall@1 0.7826
cosine_recall@3 0.9565
cosine_recall@5 1.0
cosine_recall@10 1.0
cosine_ndcg@10 0.9092
cosine_mrr@10 0.8783
cosine_map@100 0.8783

Information Retrieval

Metric Value
cosine_accuracy@1 0.8261
cosine_accuracy@3 0.9565
cosine_accuracy@5 0.9565
cosine_accuracy@10 1.0
cosine_precision@1 0.8261
cosine_precision@3 0.3188
cosine_precision@5 0.1913
cosine_precision@10 0.1
cosine_recall@1 0.8261
cosine_recall@3 0.9565
cosine_recall@5 0.9565
cosine_recall@10 1.0
cosine_ndcg@10 0.9164
cosine_mrr@10 0.8895
cosine_map@100 0.8895

Training Details

Training Dataset

json

  • Dataset: json
  • Size: 198 training samples
  • Columns: positive and anchor
  • Approximate statistics based on the first 198 samples:
    positive anchor
    type string string
    details
    • min: 19 tokens
    • mean: 33.76 tokens
    • max: 53 tokens
    • min: 6 tokens
    • mean: 12.87 tokens
    • max: 21 tokens
  • Samples:
    positive anchor
    Klađenje na ukupan broj poena timova podrazumeva predviđanje da li će jedan tim postići više ili manje poena od postavljene granice, nezavisno od konačnog ishoda. Kako funkcioniše klađenje na ukupan broj poena timova?
    Konačan ishod podrazumeva klađenje na to ko će pobediti u utakmici, pri čemu postoje tri mogućnosti: pobeda domaćina, pobeda gosta ili nerešeno. Šta znači klađenje na konačan ishod?
    Patent opklada uključuje tri događaja sa ukupno sedam pojedinačnih opklada: tri singl, tri dubl i jedna trostruka opklada. Šta je patent opklada?
  • Loss: MatryoshkaLoss with these parameters:
    {
    "loss": "MultipleNegativesRankingLoss",
    "matryoshka_dims": [
        768,
        512,
        256,
        128,
        64
    ],
    "matryoshka_weights": [
        1,
        1,
        1,
        1,
        1
    ],
    "n_dims_per_step": -1
}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

  • eval_strategy: epoch
  • per_device_train_batch_size: 32
  • per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
  • gradient_accumulation_steps: 16
  • learning_rate: 2e-05
  • num_train_epochs: 4
  • lr_scheduler_type: cosine
  • warmup_ratio: 0.1
  • bf16: True
  • tf32: False
  • load_best_model_at_end: True
  • optim: adamw_torch_fused
  • batch_sampler: no_duplicates

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand
  • overwrite_output_dir: False
  • do_predict: False
  • eval_strategy: epoch
  • prediction_loss_only: True
  • per_device_train_batch_size: 32
  • per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
  • per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
  • per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
  • gradient_accumulation_steps: 16
  • eval_accumulation_steps: None
  • torch_empty_cache_steps: None
  • learning_rate: 2e-05
  • weight_decay: 0.0
  • adam_beta1: 0.9
  • adam_beta2: 0.999
  • adam_epsilon: 1e-08
  • max_grad_norm: 1.0
  • num_train_epochs: 4
  • max_steps: -1
  • lr_scheduler_type: cosine
  • lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
  • warmup_ratio: 0.1
  • warmup_steps: 0
  • log_level: passive
  • log_level_replica: warning
  • log_on_each_node: True
  • logging_nan_inf_filter: True
  • save_safetensors: True
  • save_on_each_node: False
  • save_only_model: False
  • restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
  • no_cuda: False
  • use_cpu: False
  • use_mps_device: False
  • seed: 42
  • data_seed: None
  • jit_mode_eval: False
  • use_ipex: False
  • bf16: True
  • fp16: False
  • fp16_opt_level: O1
  • half_precision_backend: auto
  • bf16_full_eval: False
  • fp16_full_eval: False
  • tf32: False
  • local_rank: 0
  • ddp_backend: None
  • tpu_num_cores: None
  • tpu_metrics_debug: False
  • debug: []
  • dataloader_drop_last: False
  • dataloader_num_workers: 0
  • dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
  • past_index: -1
  • disable_tqdm: False
  • remove_unused_columns: True
  • label_names: None
  • load_best_model_at_end: True
  • ignore_data_skip: False
  • fsdp: []
  • fsdp_min_num_params: 0
  • fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
  • fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
  • accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
  • deepspeed: None
  • label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
  • optim: adamw_torch_fused
  • optim_args: None
  • adafactor: False
  • group_by_length: False
  • length_column_name: length
  • ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
  • ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
  • ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
  • dataloader_pin_memory: True
  • dataloader_persistent_workers: False
  • skip_memory_metrics: True
  • use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
  • push_to_hub: False
  • resume_from_checkpoint: None
  • hub_model_id: None
  • hub_strategy: every_save
  • hub_private_repo: False
  • hub_always_push: False
  • gradient_checkpointing: False
  • gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
  • include_inputs_for_metrics: False
  • eval_do_concat_batches: True
  • fp16_backend: auto
  • push_to_hub_model_id: None
  • push_to_hub_organization: None
  • mp_parameters:
  • auto_find_batch_size: False
  • full_determinism: False
  • torchdynamo: None
  • ray_scope: last
  • ddp_timeout: 1800
  • torch_compile: False
  • torch_compile_backend: None
  • torch_compile_mode: None
  • dispatch_batches: None
  • split_batches: None
  • include_tokens_per_second: False
  • include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
  • neftune_noise_alpha: None
  • optim_target_modules: None
  • batch_eval_metrics: False
  • eval_on_start: False
  • eval_use_gather_object: False
  • batch_sampler: no_duplicates
  • multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch Step dim_128_cosine_map@100 dim_256_cosine_map@100 dim_512_cosine_map@100 dim_64_cosine_map@100 dim_768_cosine_map@100
1.0 1 0.6717 0.7663 0.8229 0.5755 0.8242
2.0 2 0.7779 0.8457 0.8638 0.7833 0.8635
3.0 4 0.8410 0.8732 0.8674 0.8167 0.8659
1.0 1 0.8410 0.8732 0.8674 0.8167 0.8659
2.0 2 0.8845 0.8732 0.9022 0.858 0.9022
3.0 4 0.8783 0.9058 0.9275 0.8895 0.9022
  • The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Framework Versions

  • Python: 3.10.12
  • Sentence Transformers: 3.1.0
  • Transformers: 4.44.2
  • PyTorch: 2.4.0+cu121
  • Accelerate: 0.33.0
  • Datasets: 3.0.0
  • Tokenizers: 0.19.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers 

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MatryoshkaLoss 

@misc{kusupati2024matryoshka,
    title={Matryoshka Representation Learning},
    author={Aditya Kusupati and Gantavya Bhatt and Aniket Rege and Matthew Wallingford and Aditya Sinha and Vivek Ramanujan and William Howard-Snyder and Kaifeng Chen and Sham Kakade and Prateek Jain and Ali Farhadi},
    year={2024},
    eprint={2205.13147},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.LG}
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss 

@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}
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