metadata

license: mit
datasets:
  - b-mc2/sql-create-context
language:
  - en
metrics:
  - accuracy
  - code_eval
library_name: transformers
pipeline_tag: text-generation
tags:
  - peft
  - nl2sql
widget:
  - text: >-
      ### Task

      Generate a SQL query to answer the following question:

      `How many heads of the departments are older than 56?`


      ### Database Schema

      The query will run on a database with the following schema:

      CREATE TABLE head (age INTEGER)


      ### Answer

      Given the database schema, here is the SQL query that answers `How many
      heads of the departments are older than 56?`:

      ```sql
    example_title: One Table

Update: 14-03-2024 - The model card is still updating. Thanks for being patient! 💜💜

Model Card for Model ID

A fine-tuned version of Phi-2 for the NL2SQL usecase on b-mc2/sql-create-context dataset.

Model Details

Model Description

This model has been finetuned with b-mc2/sql-create-context on microsoft/phi-2. This performed better than defog/sqlcoder-7b-2 in terms of inference time and accuracy on the holdback dataset. The evaluation is done on .gguf models on CPU machine with limited RAM. The average inference times of the Phi-2, and SQLCoder are 24 secs, and 41 secs respectively. That is 41% faster on average. This is due to its smaller size. The Finetuned Phi-2 is 29% better than the SQLCoder based on execution success. The major drawback is its context window of 2048 tokens which requires additional input engineering to get results.

Developed by: pavankumarbalijepalli
Model type: CASUAL_LM
Language(s) (NLP): English, SQL
License: MIT
Finetuned from model [optional]: microsoft/phi-2

Model Sources [optional]

Repository: pavankumarbalijepalli/pr-phi2-vs-defog
Paper [optional]: BITS Project Paper

Uses

Model is supposed to be used for the cases where you have a natural language question, database schema which is relevant the question to retrieve a SQL query which answers the question. The context should be below 2048 tokens. The output will be generated in postgresql.

Direct Use

# SAME TEMPLATE AS DEFOG MODEL
prompt = f"""### Task
Generate a SQL query to answer the following question:
`{data_point['question']}`

### Database Schema
The query will run on a database with the following schema:
{data_point['context']}

### Answer
Given the database schema, here is the SQL query that answers `{data_point['question']}`:
```sql"""

# USING ON CPU MACHINE
from llama_cpp import Llama

phi2 = Llama(model_path=f"{path_to_model}/phi2_sqlcoder_f16.gguf")

response = phi2(prompt=prompt, max_tokens = 200, temperature = 0.2, stop = ['```'])

print(response['choices'][0]['text'].strip())

Downstream Use

import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
from peft import PeftModel, PeftConfig

model_name = "microsoft/phi-2"

model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    model_name,
    trust_remote_code=True,
    device_map="auto"
)

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name, trust_remote_code=True)
inputs = tokenizer(new_prompt, return_tensors="pt", padding=True, truncation=True)
inputs.to('cuda')

model_id = "pavankumarbalijepalli/phi2-sqlcoder"
trained_model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(model, model_id)
outputs = trained_model.generate(**inputs, max_length=1000)
text = tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs,skip_special_tokens=True)[0]
print(text)

Out-of-Scope Use

Generating Unintended Code:

While the model can translate natural language into SQL queries, it may not be robust enough to handle complex logic or edge cases. Using it to generate critical production code could lead to errors or unexpected behavior in databases.

Security Risks:

NL2SQL models can be susceptible to adversarial attacks where malicious users input natural language designed to trick the model into generating SQL code with security vulnerabilities, like SQL injection attacks.

Beyond its Training Scope:

The model is trained on a specific SQL Language (e.g., PostgreSQL). Using it for a different SQL Syntax (e.g., MS SQL Server) could lead to inaccurate or nonsensical SQL queries.

Bias, Risks, and Limitations

Bias and Fairness:

The model's training data may contain biases that are reflected in the generated SQL queries. This could lead to unfair or discriminatory outcomes, especially if the data is not carefully curated.

Interpretability and Explainability:

NL2SQL models are often "black boxes" where it's difficult to understand how they translate natural language to SQL. This lack of interpretability makes it challenging to debug errors or ensure the generated queries are safe and efficient.

Replacing Human Expertise:

While the model can automate some SQL query generation tasks, it shouldn't be a complete replacement for human database administrators or analysts. Understanding the data schema and database design is crucial for writing efficient and secure SQL queries.

Recommendations

Users (both direct and downstream) should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the model. More information needed for further recommendations.

How to Get Started with the Model

Use the code below to get started with the model.

[More Information Needed]

Training Details

Training Data

[More Information Needed]

@misc{b-mc2_2023_sql-create-context,
  title   = {sql-create-context Dataset},
  author  = {b-mc2}, 
  year    = {2023},
  url     = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/b-mc2/sql-create-context},
  note    = {This dataset was created by modifying data from the following sources: \cite{zhongSeq2SQL2017, yu2018spider}.},
}

Training Procedure

Preprocessing [optional]

[More Information Needed]

Training Hyperparameters

Training regime: [More Information Needed]

Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional]

[More Information Needed]

Evaluation

Testing Data, Factors & Metrics

Testing Data

[More Information Needed]

Factors

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Metrics

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Results

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Summary

Model Examination [optional]

[More Information Needed]

Environmental Impact

Carbon emissions can be estimated using the Machine Learning Impact calculator presented in Lacoste et al. (2019).

Hardware Type: [More Information Needed]
Hours used: [More Information Needed]
Cloud Provider: [More Information Needed]
Compute Region: [More Information Needed]
Carbon Emitted: [More Information Needed]

Technical Specifications [optional]

Model Architecture and Objective

[More Information Needed]

Compute Infrastructure

[More Information Needed]

Hardware

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Software

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Citation [optional]

BibTeX:

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APA:

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Glossary [optional]

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Model Card Authors [optional]

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Model Card Contact

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