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The Flathead Lake Monster, also known as “Flessie,” is a legendary lake monster that is said to live in Flathead Lake which is the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States (outside of Alaska). It is often compared to other lake monsters such as the Loch Ness Monster. |Cryptid Name:||Flathead Lake Monster (Flessie)| |Location:||Flathead Lake, Montana, USA| |Description:||A large, serpentine creature with humps or coils.| |Size:||Varies – Between 20 to 40 feet (6 to 12 meters) long.| |Behavior/Characteristics:||Said to exhibit serpentine movement in the water, occasionally showing humps or undulations. Some witnesses have reported seeing the creature swimming, diving, or breaching the surface of the water.| |Diet:||Unknown, although likely fish and lake vegetation.| |Habitat/Environment:||The deep waters of Flathead Lake, a large freshwater lake.| |Evidence:||Limited and largely anecdotal; no conclusive scientific evidence supporting its existence.| |Sightings and Encounters:||Numerous anecdotal reports of sightings and encounters over the years by locals and visitors.| |Skepticism/Explanations:||Skeptics suggest misidentifications of existing animals such as a large fish, such as a sturgeon or a lake trout; logs, waves, or other natural phenomena. Lack of photographic or physical evidence raises doubts.| Flathead Lake Monster Description The Flathead Lake Monster, also affectionately known as “Flessie” by locals, is an elusive lake monster that is said to live in Flathead Lake in Montana. Eyewitnesses describe it as being from about 20 to 40 feet (6 to 12 meters) long with a brownish to blue-black color. It is long and slender and resembles a snake or eel with many witnesses saying that they have seen humps or coils above the service of the water. While investing the Flathead Lake Monster I found the following really interesting video. While this is not a video of the Flathead Lake Monster, it does look very similar to the sightings that many people report so I wanted to include it here as it is one of the few videos that is crisp and clear. Flathead Lake Monster Sightings There are over 120 sightings that have been recorded for the Flathead Lake Monster over the years going all the way back to 1889. Sightings that have been recorded have all come from credible witnesses with different backgrounds including sailing instructors, fish biologists, lawyers, policemen, and ordinary people visiting the lake. All the reported sightings have also been very consistent which suggests a common experience more than random stories. In general, there are one or two sightings a year with the highest number of reported sightings being in 1993 when there were 13 unusual sightings that year. Over the years there have been various investigations done to gather evidence including sonar scans and underwater searches but unfortunately, no definitive proof has been found to prove that the Flathead Lake Monster is real. Regardless of whether it is real or not, the Flathead Lake Monster is an incredibly popular legend in Montana and it has been featured in books and television shows. It also is a very popular tourist attraction bringing visitors to the area who hope to catch a glimpse of the monster. Theories and Explanations Of course, just like most cryptids, there are many skeptics who doubt the existence of the Flathead Lake Monster. Some common explanations for its sightings include: - Misidentifications of large fish such as sturgeon or lake trout. - A natural phenomenon such as a log or wave. - A real creature that has not been identified by science yet. - An elaborate hoax. - A pre-historic dinosaur that still survives today (such as a plesiosaur).

Uncle Phil: Oh yeah, I don't think so. Will: Who cares what you think?! YOU ARE NOT MY FATHER! The closing line to any fight or disagreement between a child and either their parent or (more commonly) their important replacement parental figure (in the right genre, between the hero and their mentor). Often a form of Calling the Old Man Out. This is either a loophole for someone who really is in the wrong and wants a reason to end the argument without defending themselves, or a way for a Good-aligned (or standards-bearing) offspring to inform their Evil-aligned parent [figure] that they have crossed the line and is no longer worthy of respect, admiration, or obedience. It can also be delivered to deliberately hurt a parental figure who genuinely feels that they are their parent in every sense but the biological. In this case, the accusation typically leads to guilt on both sides, and usually a last-minute apology and reconciliation...unless it turns out to be the last time they ever speak. Much more rare, but not unheard of, is for someone to say this to their biological parent, oftentimes directly pointing out how much better the Parental Substitute was at the job. Calling Parents by Their Name is a common way to express this variant. If this happens, it's possibly because the child just Hates Their Parent. A twist that turns up the tension is "You're not his father." Compare/contrast with I Have No Son!, to which the teen may fire back with this trope. Note that this trope is not generally related to I Am Not Your Father, since it's usually understood by both parties that the person really isn't their father (and that's the point). Not to be confused with Disowned Parent, which is when a person rejects their biological parent. - In Black Clover, Vanessa Enoteca flat-out tells her abusive mother, the Witch Queen, she isn't her family before "the red thread of fate" manifests itself. She specifically says that to her, the Black Bulls are her family. - In Bleach, Uryuu Ishida is so angry with his father Ryuuken's rejection of the family Quincy lineage that he verbally refuses to call him "Father", using Ryuuken's first name instead. Flashbacks reveal a past argument over it that culminated in Uryuu demanding to know why and being horrified when Ryuuken claims there's no money in the lifestyle. It's implied to be the moment when Uryuu lost all respect for his father, as it seems to be the last time Uryuu ever called him "Father" out loud. Ryuuken was actually lying to hide the truth but Uryuu hasn't yet realised. - Fairy Tail: - After Fairy Tail's guild war with Phantom Lord, Lucy Heartfilia disowns her father Jude for inadvertently helping said war come into play. They do eventually reconcile shortly after Jude loses his fortune. - Erza Scarlet finds out her biological mother Irene Belserion is a despicable woman who gave birth to her just so she could take over her body and escape her own horribly cursed body, dumped her in a random village when she failed, and is actively trying to kill her out of spite. Because of this, Erza understandably has no trouble telling her that her guild is her true family, not that said mother actually cares since they're enemies regardless. When her mother can't bring herself to kill Erza and takes her own life, however, Erza pays her respects by calling her "Mother" for the first and only time. By the time of 100 Years Quest, Erza cares enough about Irene to dedicate a new weapon and technique after her. - In Fruits Basket, Kyo shouted this (in a flashback) about his adoptive father, who became distant after overhearing it. It turns out it was because Kyo (who has self-esteem issues) didn't want people to reflect poorly on his adoptive father by thinking they were related, as he's not worthy of having such a good parent. - Wrath from the 2003 version of Fullmetal Alchemist was created when Izumi tried to resurrect her stillborn son through alchemy. They met several years afterwards when Izumi and the Elrics discovered him living as a Wild Child on an island. Izumi treated Wrath like a son even before learning of his past and Wrath liked her back, but once Envy got his hands on Wrath, he returned his memories and Wrath went off the deep end. He rejected Izumi as his mother due to believing she abandoned him and ultimately began viewing Sloth as his Parental Substitute instead. Wrath didn't begin to acknowledge Izumi as his mom until shortly before her death. In Fullmetal Alchemist: The Conqueror of Shamballa, they end up Together in Death. - In Hetalia: Axis Powers, The American Revolution is pretty much portrayed this way: America tells England, the Parental Substitute mixture of a father and a brother, that "I'm not your little brother anymore" during their final fight. - High School D◊D: - Akeno Himejima is repulsed that her biological father, Baraqiel, wasn't able to save Shuri Himejima from being murdered by her own relatives. As such, she crosses the Despair Event Horizon and refuses to think of him as her father for a while. However, by Volume 7, she reconciles with him thanks to Issei Hyoudou's help to the point that they defeat Loki. - Vali Lucifer considers Azazel as his true father, as his grandfather Rizevim had Vali's biological father abuse him years before. Even when Vali's biological father died, that's as far as reconciliation goes. - Used by Vivio on her adoptive mother Nanoha after Quattro manipulates her into fighting her adopted mother in Magical Girl Lyrical Nanoha StrikerS. This happened while Nanoha was being fueled by Mama Bear rage. Ouch. In an unusual variation, Vivio meant this literally. She'd been mind-screwed so thoroughly by Quattro that the poor girl genuinely believed that the person she was facing was someone disguised as her Mama in an attempt to deceive her. Even after she realizes that it's the actual Nanoha, she keeps this view since, as a clone made for the express purpose of moving a giant battleship, she doesn't view herself worthy of having parents. - One Piece: - Portgas D. Ace uses this phrase on Monkey D. Garp in a flashback, in response to him opposing his plan to become a pirate. Unlike some who invoke it on a non-biological father figure, he doesn't think much of his biological father, Gol D. Roger. - In the Dressrosa arc, a minor flashback (a few days ago, rather than the usual year gap) shows a disagreement between sixteen-year-old Rebecca and her parental figure, the Living Toy Thunder Soldier. The former wants to participate in a tournament so she could win the Flame-Flame Fruit and kill Doflamingo, the latter heavily protests against it, not wanting the young girl to die. His dissuasion, combined with her frustration following Doflamingo's fake resignation from the Seven Warlords of the Sea, leads to her saying that he's not her father, but just a one-legged toy soldier. Stricken and unwilling to argue any longer, the Soldier prays that she doesn't enter and leaves, as Rebecca, regretting what she did, tries in vain to get him to stay. Fortunately, they reconcile off-screen. It's even more hurtful for the Thunder Soldier because he is Rebecca's father. He is in fact the legendary warrior Kyros who was transformed into a toy. Nobody else, not even Rebecca, remembers him because people who are transformed into toys become unpersoned. Then, at the end of the arc she inverts it, tearfully begging him to stop pretending that he's not her father after he spread a rumor that she's the daughter of some foreign prince to spare her the shame of having a murderer for a father. - Sanji understandably refuses to think of Vinsmoke Judge, the man who abused him as a child, as his father in any way. When Sanji meets Judge for the first time in years, the former reaffirms this during their battle. He also denies any relation to the Vinsmoke family as a whole since he makes it clear that Vinsmoke Sanji, the weak little boy they ridiculed, "died at sea" after escaping from Germa 13 years earlier. Even after rescuing Judge, Sanji still considers Zeff his true father. - In the Wano arc, Yamato already resents his continual abuse by Kaido, but the last straw that makes him disown the King of the Beasts as his father is finding out that Kaido is willing to kill him with his booby-trapped handcuffs. - In Persona 4: The Animation, after Nanako finally has enough of her father putting his work before her, she subjects him to a tear-filled rant before finishing with this line and sprinting off upstairs. Earlier in the episode, she builds up to this by telling Yu that she doubts her father is actually her father because he seems to care about his work more than her. - This is put to very emotionally moving use in Princess Tutu, when Rue finally defies the Raven. - Space Pirate Mito is devastated when Aoi ends a fight by shouting "You're not my mom, you're just an alien in a suit that looks like my mom!" because she actually is his mother even if she is an alien in a suit. They reconcile when she tells him the story of how she met his father. - In a routine done by Robin Williams, the Biblical Joseph, after hearing Mary is pregnant and he'd be "the stepfather of God's kid," feared he wouldn't be able to discipline Jesus since he'd just scream, "You're not my real dad!" - In Cloak and Dagger, when Tandy's stepfather says he wants to see her ballet recital because "isn't that what dads do?", she angrily says that he's her stepfather. She doesn't think much more highly of her biological father (who ran off to India after divorcing her mom), but at that point is stuck convinced that nobody cares about her. Looking back on it, Dagger thinks she was an idiot for blaming her stepfather for something like that and believes that he actually did love her. - In Earth 2, it's established that Thomas Wayne actually survived the shooting in Crime Alley and went into hiding while letting the public think he died with his wife Martha in a misguided effort to protect his son Bruce. Bruce ends up distancing himself from his father out of spite after hearing that his dad had a shady past in addition to still being alive, which leads to Thomas trying to make amends by becoming the new Batman after Bruce dies fighting the Parademons. - In the climax of the first chapter of Pinocchio, Vampire Slayer, Pinocchio screams this at the vampirised Geppetto, as he tries to emotionally manipulate the wooden boy. Pinocchio's curse being such that he can't even lie to himself, his outburst immediately results in his nose growing and staking Geppetto through the heart, killing him (but also breaking the vampire curse, allowing Gepetto his own mind in his final moments). - In The Sandman (1989), Orpheus rejects Morpheus after Eurydice's death when Morpheus (in his usual manner) attempts to encourage Orpheus to live on. This ends up wounding Morpheus' pride, and the two remain estranged for about three millennia until the events of Brief Lives. Supergirl: No, listen to me. I have to say: I know you love me, and that's why you feel a need to act like my big brother or my dad — But you're neither one! I'm capable of recognizing my own mistakes, Kal! I don't need my nose rubbed in them! Maybe I'm not perfect like you — - In Supergirl vol. #5 issue #22, Kara thinks her cousin is about to lecture her after her latest mess-up, and she interrupts him to remind him he isn't her father or her brother, she's trying to learn to be better, and she doesn't need his validation (Superman answers that he actually agrees with her). Superman: Hey, I'm not — Supergirl: Maybe I need to learn things the hard way. But I am learning! I want to be a family with you and Uncle Jon and Aunt Martha, but I don't need your... validation! - In Red Daughter of Krypton Kara says this line after her team's leader tells her she shouldn't drink booze because she's just a kid. Supergirl: You're not my parent, Guy Gardner, and from what I understand, you don't even lead this team. - Issue 5 of the Transformers vs. G.I. Joe maxiseries has a flashback where a younger Duke refuses to accept his stepfather and his younger half-brother Falcon as family. - Spider Jerusalem from Transmetropolitan was once told this by a person he was trying to interview. - Warlord of Mars has Dejah Thoris disowning her believed-to-be-deceased grandfather when he declares his intent to raise an army to conquer their planet and crush all those who oppose him. It's revealed that this is actually a clone created by an entity to take his place, and the real one is truly dead. - X23 has this reaction to Old Man Logan, adamantly refusing to accept that he's in any way like the man she knew and came to accept as her father. - Angel of the Bat: After her religious conversion, Cassandra Cain sternly tells Lady Shiva she has two fathers, but her biological parent David is neither of them. - The Apprentice, the Student, and the Charlatan: Nova informs Ray that "I'd rather be a bastard than your son." - In the Street Sharks fanfiction Blades, this is basically Streex's reaction to Ripster calling him out on being unreliable. You're not Dad John. You can't keep us all together like he can, and I'm sick of you ordering us around and expecting us to follow like good little soldiers. You don't have a clue what you're doing and don't even try to pretend otherwise. There's only one person who can undo what Paradigm does and he's not here. - The Chronicles of Ohu: Akame is reunited with his long-lost son Takeo, who is very livid that his father seemingly abandoned him and his siblings when they were puppies. He lets his father come help them defeat the boss dog threatening their territory and his family, but after that, he wants nothing more to do with him, adding, "You're not my father, and I'm not your son." Once he learns the reason why Akame left them behind, to protect them from the terrors of the Koga/Iga war, he averts this by making up with Akame, even adding, "You're my father, and I'm your son." - Izuku manages to do this twice in Conversations with a Cryptid. His biological father is Hisashi Midoriya, but the man's never been there for him or his mother, and Izuku thinks of him as a glorified bank account. The second one is theoretical; when he notices that All for One referred to himself as being 'negiligent', which implied he owed Izuku a duty of care, Izuku promptly tells the supervillain that whatever obligation he has, he waives it as he doesn't want to be in debt to All for One or end up like Shigaraki. Which nails Hisashi right where it hurts. - Destiny is a Hazy Thing has Naruto outright disowning his parents and pretty much handing over parenting duties (and himself) to his loving Eldritch Abomination parents (It Makes Sense in Context) who proceed to torment Naruto's parents when he leaves the room. - Eden, by Obsessmuch: While never said directly due to the elder in question being dead, Hermione's son refuses to accept the possibility his biological father is Lucius Malfoy, since it would mean he was fathered by a rapist. He doesn't question his mother on it, who could confirm his conception was consensual, out of fear of it being true. - In the Empath: The Luckiest Smurf novel, Empath says this of Papa Smurf when it is revealed that Empath is Papa Smurf's only biological son and that Papa Smurf had abandoned Empath in Psychelia to be raised by the Psyche Master, with Empath accusing Papa Smurf of doing this on purpose for the sake of raising nearly a hundred young Smurfs who are not even his own children that weren't born with telepathic and telekinetic powers. - After Rachel is declared her guardian in Glee Reprise, Beth is pretty displeased and pulls this a few times in the first episode. - Her Max: Ruby is raising her little brother Max alone due to their parents' deaths, but she's worried that Max will resent her as he gets older. She has a nightmare of an older Max yelling at her that she's not his mother. - In the 101 Dalmatian Street the fanfic I AM A DE VIL, Doug spoke harsh words about his stepson, Dylan. Dylan overheard this and he gets very upset. Doug was going to talk to him, but Dylan in tears and yells in rage at Doug that he's not his father. - In Jonathan Joestar, The First JoJo after meeting his semi-true father Jonathan Joestar, Giorno burns the picture of Dio he stores in his wallet and replaces it with a photo of Jonathan. - The Karma of Lies: After his father is exposed as Hawkmoth and arrested, Adrien ends up in his Aunt Amelie's custody. Displeased by her pulling him out of public school and enrolling him online in order to protect him from those who would punish him for his father's crimes, Adrien declares that "You're not my parent. I don't have to listen to you." She retorts that if he lets his grades dip too low, she'll ship him off to Military School. - Letting Go Of Hate: Kovu isn't emotionally attached to his mother Zira. Though she gave him special treatment as Scar's successor growing up, she still was very distant and cruel. As a result, he doesn't view her as a mother. - In Naruto: Asunder, Naruto directs this at both parents when they try (and fail) to explain why they sealed the Kyuubi in him, wanting to become a family again (as unlike in canon, they're still alive). By Chapter 23, however, not only did Naruto manage to make up with Minato and Kushina, but he also called them "mom" and "dad" just before the final battle against Madara. Naruto: You BOTH aren't my parents. You don't deserve to be. I made it fine without you all these years and I'll keep making it WITHOUT YOU. Don't bother me ever again. - Mako in Natural Selection cuts ties with her family due to their Acquired Situational Narcissism and their willingness to pimp her out to Ryuko just so they can keep up their lavish lifestyles. - Gendo gets that treatment very often in Neon Genesis Evangelion fics: - Advice and Trust: Done indirectly by Asuka in chapter 9 when she revised her will and next of kin stuff, and she cut her father and her step-mother out of her will, declaring "Screw my father and that woman, Shinji gets everything." From that point on, she doesn't regard her parents as family. - The Child of Love: After the events of the story, Shinji calls his father out on everything he did to himself, Asuka, and their daughter and tells him as far as he is concerned, he is a stranger. Several years later, he still refuses to refer to Gendo as his father. - Doing It Right This Time: After returning to the past Rei refuses to regard Gendo as father, parental substitute, guardian, or whatever. Toji snorted. "Oh, I doubt your dad did it on-" Rei's coffee cup landed on the table with some force. "The Commander is not my father," she said harshly. "Not genetically or by his actions." She forced her anger back under control. "Forgive me. It is a... sensitive subject." - Neon Genesis Evangelion: Genocide: - During a talk with Rei, Shinji tells her that he doesn't think of Gendo as his father anymore. - Rei does a more symbolic version by deciding, for reasons she cannot quite comprehend, to throw Gendo's old glasses in the garbage. - And finally inverted in the last chapter with Gendo. During his confrontation with Rei, he admits to her that he doesn't believe he is deserving of being considered a father to Shinji with how he has been treating him. - Neon Metathesis Evangelion: After learning about Rei's upbringing, Shinji declares that Gendo is not his father, merely a genetic donor. - Once More with Feeling: Variant. After meeting his grandfather for the first time, Shinji tells these words when he finally and intellectually accepts that his so-called blood relatives were never there for him. Takuya Ikari: Shinji... I can understand your anger... but I hope you realize, that if you ever need me, as your Grandfather I will be here for you. Shinji: I may be your Grandson Mister Ikari... but you are not my Grandfather. Goodbye. - The One I Love Is...: When Gendo is trying to force him to fight and kill the last Angel Shinji calls him out on all he has done to Asuka and Rei and screams he would be ashamed of calling himself "Ikari" if it was not his mother's surname. - The Second Try: Variation. During his confrontation in the second-to-last chapter, Shinji says he wishes Gendo was not his father so that he could hate him properly. - In Old West, Teddy Glossy says this when he first meets his no-good conman father Benjamin Hares, who abandoned his mother before Teddy was born and never showed up afterwards. Teddy: I want what's good for my momma and me. Benjamin: So do I. Teddy: No. You don't. That's why I'm not your son. Momma always said I was a gift from God. I'm gonna believe that instead. - Only Flowers Fall ends with Lillie disowning her previously emotionally abusive mother and leaving for Kanto on her own. Lillie prefers to see Professor Burnet as her surrogate mother. - In The Prayer Warriors, Percy Jackson declares that Zeus is not his father (canonically, Poseidon is, but Zeus is in this fic) on two occasions - once when converting to Christianity and joining the Prayer Warriors, and again before killing Zeus, saying that so he can avoid committing the sin of patricide. - Jen Potter/Black in Princess of the Blacks does this via magical adoption (which replaces a single parent) to Lily. Narcissa and Andromeda explain that while she might prefer to do it to James, that would mean Lily was pregnant by two men at the same time and even magic insists they use something possible. As a result, as far as both magic and the law are concerned, Bellatrix Lestrange raped and obliviated James Potter during the previous war. Given that the Potters never filed any paperwork saying Jen existed, they can't prove otherwise. - In Purple Days, Joffrey never really stops loving Cersei, but her Stupid Evil and The Caligula tendencies grate on him across the "Groundhog Day" Loop he endures. In the Final Loop, he has a final conversation with her, and tires when she pathetically keeps trying to justify herself, so he turns around, leaves her and Jaime in a Gilded Cage in the Westerlands, and doesn't look back. To a lesser degree, he feels the same about Robert - while Joff comes to somewhat appreciate him, he ultimately feels Ned Stark did more to form him into an actually decent human being than Robert. - In That Red Car, Knock Out retorts that Megatron is not his creator before the tyrant gives him a spanking. - Remnant Inferis: DOOM: Weiss. After seeing and hearing all the horrors that her father unwittingly had a hand in, she denounces her entire family and gives up on wanting to better the Schnee name. Weiss: (to Jacques) As of today, I want to be as far away from our family name as possible! It's damned now, thanks to YOU! - This is what the Cinderella oneshot Royal Relations revolves around. Cinderella disowns her abusive stepmother but gives her step-sisters the option to be in her life, as long as they're no longer under their mother's control. - The RWBY Loops has Weiss, after some consideration, decide to exclusively refer to Jacques Schnee by his first name as she feels no familial connection with him. Yang, from the same fic, downplays this trope with Raven—she does not consider her to be her mother but, after the woman starts looping, she's willing to reconnect and call her family. - RWBY: Scars: Yang tells her biological mother Raven this. She had spent years looking for her but was disappointed by how cruel and distant Raven was. Yang's deceased stepmother Summer was a better mother than Raven. Yang doesn't want Raven anywhere near her family and threatens to kill her if she does get too close. - SAPR: In "Belladonna" Blake is briefly captured by the White Fang, who treat her as a wayward daughter turned to crime. Blake isn't having any of it. Sienna: I miss our stimulating conversations. I miss you. We all miss you, Blake. Everyone will be so glad to see you returned to the bosom of your family. Blake: You are not my mother and the White Fang isnt my family. - In The Siege of Starling City, the sequel to Vigilantes' Dawn, Tommy Merlyn and Sara Lance basically do this on behalf of Thea Queen when they find a video recording where Malcolm Merlyn reveals that he was Thea's biological father after an affair with her mother Moira. Despite the DNA test results confirming the biological link, Tommy and Sara each agree that Robert Queen was Thea's true father in every way that matters, and telling her about her relationship with Malcolm will accomplish nothing. - Star Wars fanfiction in general portrays Leia with this attitude toward Vader. - Sunshine through the Clouds: After learning that James Sr. was responsible for turning him into a troll, as he'd purchased a cursed bath bomb and left it behind expecting Barbara to use it, Jim officially drops the "Jr." from his name, preferring to go by "Jim Lake", cutting all ties with his biological father. - In the fan novelization Super Mario Sunshine: A Sprite of Light, Bowser Jr. angrily disowns his father after it was directly confirmed that he lied to him about Princess Peach being his mother. They do reconcile at the end of the fic, though. - Lyra in the Triptych Continuum legally divorced her Abusive Parents and now considers Bon-Bon to be the only family she has. - Ultimate Misfits: - During an argument in the first chapter of Ultimate Misfits, Pizzazz yells at her adopted father Emmett that he isn't her real dad. She apologizes for it a few hours later. Emmett doesn't mind because he sees the occasional argument as a normal thing for families. - Pizzazz has a recurring joke with her adopted sister Jerrica where she tells her that she's not her mother whenever Jerrica's being bossy or noisy. - Kimber once tells her sister that she's not her mother when Jerrica tries to find out what Kimber was doing so late at night. - In White Devil of the Moon, Nanoha, here the reincarnation of Princess Serenity, was far from impressed by her past self's actions. Blaming Queen Serenity for not paying enough attention to her daughter as either a mother or a queen, she declares that her mother is Momoko Takamachi, not Queen Serenity. Later, when Alicia tries to protect Fate from Precia, Precia attacks Alicia for defying her, causing Fate to declare she was no mother of hers and attack with extreme prejudice. - White Sheep (RWBY): When Yang finally finds out where her biological mother Raven is, she at first thinks of her as "mom," but quickly corrects herself. Summer Rose, the woman who raised her (before she died) is her mother, and Raven is just some woman who can make a portal for her. Yang also approves when her son Yin (who was initially eager to meet Raven) calls her "bitch-grandma." - Damian Wayne in Batman: Bad Blood says it about Dick Grayson and to Alfred Pennyworth. Alfred: Master Dick was quite explicit. At least 24 hours of observation. Damian: He's not my father! And neither are you. Alfred: And for that, young man, you should be profoundly grateful. - In Coraline, Coraline says this to the Other Mother when she doesn't let Coraline go back to the real world after her third visit to the Other World. The Other Mother demands she apologize, but Coraline doubles down on her statement, which pisses off the Other Mother. - It's not present in the final version of the film, but this originally happened in Frozen. There is a voice clip in certain Elsa toys that wasn't used in the film. Word of God is that it's from the scene where Anna asks for her sister's blessing. Elsa: What do you know about true love? Anna: I could ask you the same thing! Elsa: I'm sorry, I do not give you my blessing. Now if you'll excuse me... Hans: Your Majesty, if I may... Elsa: No, you may not. This is between me and my sister. Anna: Ha! There's nothing between you and me, thanks to you! And you know what? I don't need your blessing! You're not my mother! Elsa: I may not be your mother, but I am your queen. And as your queen, I forbid it. - Kung Fu Panda 3: Po disowns his (biological) father after the latter lied to him about being able to help him master chi, wasting his time while the Big Bad gathers more Jombies. They get better before the end of the film, though. - Moses from The Prince of Egypt: He doesn't actually say this to his adoptive father the Pharaoh, but his brother instead, when Rameses ask Moses why he's leaving Egypt. Moses: Go ask the man I once called "father". - In Tangled: Rapunzel: I am the lost princess! Aren't I? (Mother Gothel is silent and shocked) Did I mumble, Mother? Or should I even call you that? - In Air Bud: Golden Receiver, Josh is concerned that his mother's new fiancé will take the place of his deceased father. Josh runs away from home, and his mother nearly breaks up with her fiancé. Josh's football coach finds him and reassures him that the new beau had no intention nor any power to take his father's place in his heart. - In the Austin Powers movies, Dr. Evil's relationship with his son Scott continually degenerated. Scott was resentful of him for being neglectful, initially, and tried to reconcile later. By the end of the third movie, where Dr. Evil makes a HeelĖFace Turn, Scott truly hates his father (along with everyone else he's related to) and has taken over his criminal empire. - Said by Kristy in the The Baby-Sitters Club movie, when her stepfather berates her for coming home late — from a secret visit with her biological Disappeared Dad, but he didn't know that. Made all the more heartbreaking by the fact that there are several points in the books where Watson plainly calls Kristy his daughter, even giving her an antique family heirloom in the Little Sister Spinoff, and her biological dad stood her up in the end, anyway. A little jarring though; this is never resolved in the movie (with Kristy apologizing to Watson for what she said), outside of her narration explaining to the audience she felt bad. - In the second live-action film of George of the Jungle, Junior says this to Lyle Van De Groot after his mother was hypnotized to thinking he was her husband. Twice. And kicking him in the shins both times. Well, in the second time, Lyle had shin guards, in which Junior then proceeded to stomp on Lyle's foot. - The Godfather: Sonny: That's easy for you to say; he's not your father. Tom: I was as much a son to him as you or Mike. - Embraced in Part II, when Connie tells Mike, "You're not my father!" - In The Hitman's Wife's Bodyguard, Michael eventually disowns his stepfather, Michael Bryce Sr., since the latter is Aristotle's head of security, is sabotaging his stepson's chances of renewing his bodyguarding liscence, and is helping Aristotle destroy the power grid in Europe. Michael:You're not my father, just some guy my mom used to bang! - In Independence Day, right after Russell is arrested for throwing leaflets from his plane, Miguel takes the RV, with the intent of taking his sibling Alicia and Troy and leaving Russell behind in jail. Just then Miguel is surprised to see Russell walking towards him, who goes on to explain that with the impending Alien Invasion, the police had bigger things to worry about. In a deleted scene included in the Extended Edition, Miguel calls him out for being a drunk and tells him that he's not their father, "just a man that married our mother," though Russell reminds him that Troy is his. As the movie progresses, Miguel sees how much Russell actually loves his children, and even feels proud when Major Mitchel tells Miguel "your father was a brave man," after Russell rams his fighter plane into the Invaders' ship's primary weapon, causing it to backfire and destroy the ship. - Played in Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull as a brief point of contention for Indy and Mutt, as they'd only recently met. Having been raised to believe his father was a British war hero, Mutt doesn't accept the news at first. - Jack & Diane: When Diane's aunt attempts to make her do something, she retorts that she's not her mother. - Played for tragedy in Man of Steel: in a flashback to when Clark was seventeen, he got into an argument with Jonathan about what he wanted to do with his life, and in the heat of the moment, he angrily calls Jonathan "just a guy who found [him] in a field". To his credit, Clark did realize he went too far with that and was about to apologize, but then a tornado struck and in the process, Jonathan was killed, leading to some pretty heavy Parting-Words Regret for Clark. - Marvel Cinematic Universe: Happens a lot to Loki. Other characters follow suit: Natasha: That wasn't real! Who cares?! - An indirect version — since only one of the characters is aware of the relation — takes place when Loki shoots Laufey with Gungnir while making it clear who he considers being his true parent: Loki: And your death came by the son of Odin. - When Thor tries to talk down Loki in the final confrontation and calls him "brother", Loki angrily responds this way. Loki: I'm not your brother! I never was. - An indirect version — since only one of the characters is aware of the relation — takes place when Loki shoots Laufey with Gungnir while making it clear who he considers being his true parent: - The Avengers: When Thor and Loki are arguing on the cliff: Loki: Did you mourn? Thor: We all did. Our father... Loki: YOUR father! - In Thor: The Dark World, Loki furiously yells a variation of this when he and Frigga discuss Odin. Justified, as Loki had been disowned and would've been executed if it weren't for his mother's influence. - In Black Widow (2021), Natasha, impatient and frustrated around her re-formed "family" from childhood, snaps at them to stop pretending they're a family unit and that their past life as one wasn't "real" (on top of constantly telling Yelena and Alexei that the Avengers are her family). Melina and Alexei sit in silence while Yelena is visibly hurt, tearfully admonishing Natasha for saying as much and telling Melina that Yelena considers Melina her mother. Being the hero, Natasha eventually gets better, feeling grateful she has "two" families. - A gag in Mystery Science Theater 3000: The Movie: Joe: You know what my kids would say... Tom Servo: "You're not my real father!" Mike Nelson: "He doesn't even have any kids, poor deluded Joe." - At the end of Ninja Assassin, Raizo confronts his old mentor Lord Ozunu, who wants Raizo to "beg [his] father for forgiveness". Raizo shoots back "you are not my father", prompting a shadow-blending ass-kicking from Ozunu. For reference, Ozunu had Raizo and dozens of others kidnapped as children and put through Training from Hell to become ninjas. As far as Ozunu was concerned, they were all his children. - Gender-Inverted in The Room (2003) when Claudette confronts Denny after he's nearly killed by a drug dealer he owed money to: Denny: You're not my fucking mother! - Shaun from Shaun of the Dead doesn't get along with his stepfather Philip, insisting to everyone that he's not his dad, just his step-dad. However, he reconnects with Philip right before the latter's death after realizing Philip truly meant well to him. - The last conversation Peter and his uncle Ben share: Uncle Ben: I don't mean to lecture and I don't mean to preach, and I know I'm not your father... Peter: Then stop pretending to be! - Echoed in a later line: Peter: I have a father... his name was Ben Parker. - The last conversation Peter and his uncle Ben share: - Inverted in Star Trek (2009), where Spock meets future Spock, who says "I'm not our father." - The Rise of Skywalker: Rey is really a member of the Palpatine family and the granddaughter of the now undead Sith Emperor. While he tries to goad her to the Dark Side, she rejects both him and her family name, preferring to think of herself as a Skywalker. - Anna uses this on Isabel in Stepmom, and Isabel's response is "THANK GOD FOR THAT!" - Said by Jerri in the Strangers with Candy movie to Stew the meat-man, who promptly responds, "You're not my daughter!" - Superhero Movie parodies the above Spider-Man scene. Rick Ryker: You're not my father. Uncle Albert: But I love you like your father did. I looked after you like your father did. I even had sex with your mother like your father did! - A variation occurs in Terminator 2: Judgment Day with John Connor and his foster parents. Todd: John, do as your mother tells you. John: She's not my mother, Todd. - The film version of To Sir, with Love has the same exchange as the one listed below in the literature folder. Student: I can't do this sum, sir, it's too bleeding hard. Thackeray: Do you use such words when speaking to your father? Student: You're not my bleeding father. - Happens in The Wolverine: Yashida: Mariko. It's me, your grandfather. Mariko: I buried my grandfather. - In Amber Brown is On the Move, the title character shouts this after her new stepfather Max gets on her case about not packing the stuff in her room for their upcoming move to their new house. She's upset at herself, as she normally likes Max reasonably well, and it causes her to realize that she needs some help from her friends. - In Black Legion, Abaddon kills the clone of his gene-father while saying with Dissonant Serenity: I am not your son. - After Bear and Lena elope in the Collegium Chronicles, Bear's father Healer Tyrall tries to kidnap Bear to force an end to the marriage. After he gets arrested for charging up to the Royal Palace (and home of the Healer's Collegium) with armed mercenaries, Bear publicly declares that he is no relation to Healer Tyrall. It's implied that this will have actual legal force. - Elaine Isaak's Eunuchs Heir — used by Wolfram, the title character, against his (unbeknownst to him) actual, biological father. - In the Maeve Binchy novel Evening Class, a character has just learned that her oldest sister is in fact her mother. Several days later, her "father" (actually grandfather) asks her to run an errand for him. When she refuses, still upset at the revelation and deception, he sternly tells her "no child of mine is going to speak to me like that". She responds by coldly declaring, "I'm NOT a child of yours.", thus revealing that she knows the secret. After a Beat in which this sinks in, he tells her essentially HAS been a father to her these past 16 years, and even if not, he's still her grandfather and deserving of respect. - In Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Sirius tells Molly that Harry is "not her son." Her response? "He's as good as." Later, he does become her son... in-law. To make this variant more interesting, Harry feels touched by this... but then goes against Mrs. Weasley's wishes anyway. - Both used straight and inverted in Lamb: The Gospel According To Biff, Christ's Childhood Pal. Joshua (Jesus) uses the line straight when arguing with Joseph; then Joseph, at a later point, points out "I'm not your father". - Only Ashes Remain: Kovit tells Nita Henry's been like a father to him, he returns to the Family (the mafia organization to whom he's little more than a slave) because he starts to believe Henry actually cares about him like a son... but when Henry kidnaps Nita (with the intent of killing her for the bounty) and makes jokes about how you're supposed to introduce your girl to your parents, Kovit tells him, "You're not my parent." - In The Sandman and the War of Dreams, Book 4 of The Guardians of Childhood, Emily Jane shouts this to Typhan when he tells her "Daughter! Stop!" after she starts using her powers for harm. Pitch, the Big Bad of the series, is actually her father, but he's become like a surrogate father to her, so it stings badly. - In The Scum Villain's Self-Saving System: Ren Zha Fanpai Zijiu Xitong, Luo Binghe publically refuses to recognize either of his biological parents, stating that his only parent is the washerwoman who raised him. - A variation occurs in the Septimus Heap series. Jenna tells this to Milo Banda after he makes a disastrous attempt at bonding with her and some of her brothers, and she runs off in a huff. The variation is that Milo Banda is her father... her biological father, but he's not the one who raised her. She's making the point that, while Milo may have brought her into the world, Silas Heap is her real father. - Star Wars Legends: - One of the most severe insults you can throw at a Mandalorian is dar'buur. It translates directly to "no longer a father," but means in effect "unfit parent." Mandos take their family ties very seriously, with parenthood (particularly fatherhood) as a sacred tenet. - Leia will not acknowledge her connection to Vader any more than she has to, in contrast with her much more forgiving twin, all but saying this trope to Anakin verbatim the one time he appeared to her as a force ghost. As far as she's concerned, biology is unimportant and Bail Organa deserves the honor, not the Sith that forced her to watch while the Empire blew up her adoptive parents with the rest of Alderaan. While she eventually makes peace with the fact that Anakin was not inherently evil, even naming her youngest son after him, she never stops thinking of Bail as her true father. - After the Continuity Reboot, Star Wars: Bloodline shows that Leia is repulsed that she's the biological daughter of Darth Vader, the man who tortured her and committed countless atrocities, and refuses to think of him as her father in any way. While she does eventually realize that he was not inherently evil, that's as far as reconciliation goes and she still considers Bail Organa her true father. - In the Sweet Valley Saga book The Wakefields Of Sweet Valley, Ted Wakefield gets fed up with his Aunt Sarah's suggestions on what to do with his life (college, etc) and finally snaps at her "You're not my mother!". He later apologizes, seeing as how she HAS been a mother to him all his life, as his parents (her brother and sister-in-law) were killed in a train crash when he was a baby. However, as the reader knows, Sarah IS his mother — the entire story was a fabrication to prevent him or anyone else from knowing that he was illegitimate. - In To Sir, with Love, Braithwaite's students try to annoy him by constantly using obscenities when they speak. After one girl complains, "I can't do this sum, sir, it's too bleeding hard", he angrily asks her if she uses such words when speaking to her father. Her response? "You're not my bleeding father." - Warrior Cats: "Leave us alone", he growled, "You're no mother to us, whatever you say." - After learning that Bluestar is their birth mother, Mistyfoot and Stonefur initially act this way. They refuse to acknowledge her as their mother. - Though not noted in the text, many unknowingly adopted cats, such as Cloudtail, stop viewing their adopted parent as a parent after learning the truth. - Wicked Good: When Wayne tells his adopted son Rory, "I'm your father. I know everything about you," Rory answers, "You're not my real dad." He has a point, as Wayne basically ignored him for two years after his parents' divorce. - 7th Heaven, in the episode when Eric is trying to protect Robbie from his recently-resurfaced deadbeat father, Ed: Ed: You're not his father. Eric: Neither are you. - A particularly powerful example appears in the All in the Family episode "Edith's Fiftieth Birthday." The first part of the episode sees Edith nearly being raped by a stranger; the second half details her resulting depression, shame, and PTSD. Her daughter Gloria, who was herself a victim of attempted rape earlier in the series, does her best to help Edith recover but becomes increasingly frustrated by her mother's inability to confront or even talk about what happened. Things reach a boiling point when the rapist attacks another woman, and Edith refuses to identify him as the man in her own case, which would put him away for good. Gloria is shocked that her mother, normally a pinnacle of selflessness, is allowing this; her furious reaction causes Edith to slap her, then break down and finally realize that she needs to face her fears head-on. Gloria: You're gonna let him do what he did to you to God knows how many other women? I can't believe it! I'm ashamed of you! The mother I know would never refuse! My mother always helped other people! You know what? You are selfish! YOU'RE NOT MY MOTHER ANYMORE! - Angel: Angel's son Connor, raised by Angel's sworn enemy in a hell dimension, gets off at least one of these Eastwood-style. He later identifies Angelus as his real father (who he wants to kill). In a later episode, his mother Darla's ghost appears to him and tries to stop him from murdering an innocent, but he rejects her, too. - At the start of the series, Thea Queen is glad her big brother survived the yacht sinking that killed their father but initially resents how Oliver is trying to curb her Hard-Drinking Party Girl lifestyle, at one point snapping at him: "You're not my father! And you're barely my brother." - Thea does it again in "Streets on Fire" when she rejects Malcolm Merlyn, whom she just found out is her biological father, after he came to rescue her during the city's destruction. Malcolm: I just needed to see my daughter.Thea: You're not my father! You're nothing to me! You're a murderer! - The Chair (2021): Ju Ju tells her adopted mom Ji-yoon that she isn't actually Ju Ju's mother, saddening Ji-yoon. - On Charmed, Paige delivered this line to her adopted parents during an argument on the day before they died, and spent years feeling guilty about it. In the final season, she turned around and said this to her biological father, saying that he didn't get to come in and act like her dad after leaving her for someone else to raise. - Control Z: Sofía outright says this to Quintanilla, refusing to answer his question on where she's heading to upon noticing her angry over some family stuff her mother intends to get rid of. - There's an episode of CSI: Miami in which Horatio meets a teenage boy. Horatio keeps calling him 'son' until the boy snaps back at him 'You're Not My Father'... little does he know that Horatio had earlier run a paternity test... - In a later season of Diff'rent Strokes, Arnold is angry with his adoptive father who disapproves of throwing fruit at a meeting of a racist group. Arnold: I don't have to listen to you. You're not my real father anyway. - The British Soap EastEnders had this sort of conversation, subverted because: Zoe Slater: You can't tell me what to do, you ain't my mother! Kat Slater: (Zoe's "sister") Yes I am! - ER. Doug Ross consistently refers to his estranged father (who abandoned him and his mother when he was 12) by his Christian name. The one time he does call him "Dad", it's in a very sarcastic fashion that makes it clear that he's anything but that. - In Family Matters, Carl is hesitant to bless Fletcher's proposal to Estelle, as he's concerned that Fletcher won't care for Estelle the way his father did. Fletcher and Carl talk it over, and it helps Carl feel better, after which he accepts Fletcher marrying his mother. - The Flash (2014): In the second episode of Season 1, Barry and Joe have an argument about Barry's heroics on either continuing or stopping it. Joe argues that Barry is jumping headfirst into playing hero and risking his life, while Barry counters that the police aren't equipped to fight metahumans, leading to this exchange: Joe: You think because you can run real fast that you're invincible?! You're not! You're just a kid. My kid. Barry: I'm not your kid, Joe, and you're not my father. My father is sitting in Iron Heights, wrongfully convicted. You were wrong about him, and you're wrong about this. Now, I might not be able to help him, but if I can save someone from a burning building or stop some armed thieves, then I'm gonna do it, and you can't stop me. So don't try. - At the end of the episode, however, Barry acknowledges that, while Joe might not be his father, he's still a dad. - The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air: - This happens in the landmark episode when Will's loser father shows up and invites his son to take a road trip. Will jumps at the opportunity, despite his uncle's warnings that his father can't be trusted— Will: I've been waiting for this for a long time, my whole life, and nobody's gonna stop me now. Come tomorrow, I'm outta here. Uncle Phil: Oh, I don't think so. Will: Who cares what you think!? YOU ARE NOT MY FATHER! - A more subtle version occurs at the end of the episode when his father abandons him again— Lou: It was great seeing you, son. Will: Yeah, you too...Lou. - This happens in the landmark episode when Will's loser father shows up and invites his son to take a road trip. Will jumps at the opportunity, despite his uncle's warnings that his father can't be trusted— - Joked with on Friends when Ross and Rachel's breakup has caused Chandler to take up smoking again because it reminds him of when his parents got divorced. Rachel: Chandler! Are you smoking? What are you doing? Chandler: Hey shut up, you're not my real mom! - Used in Fringe after Peter finds out that Walter stole him as a child from the alternate universe. - In the Full House episode "Joey Gets Tough," D.J. says this to Joey when he won't let her go to a karate tournament for coming home late, making him worried sick about her. - The Good Doctor: Shaun says this verbatim to Dr. Glassman during an argument in the Season One winter finale when he gets fed up with Dr. Glassman making decisions for him. - Good Omens (2019): In the finale, Satan shows up to find out why Adam hasn't started the apocalypse. Adam Calls The Old Man Out on why, if he claims to be his father, he never showed up even once for all 11 years of Adam's life. He says that his real father is the man who raised him and cared for him, and since Adam is a Reality Warper, it becomes true. - A variation is used in the first season finale of Haven after it's revealed that Chief Wuornos is not Nathan's biological father. Audrey: We need to find him, yes, but he is your father. Nathan: That's debatable. - The lines are spoken word-for-word on several occasions when Claire Bennett tries to assert her independence from Noah, aka HRG guy. Naturally, her not-dad, despite his communication shortcomings, is usually right. - It happened in a bigger way with Sylar. Angela went "Sylar, you're my son — oh no, sorry, false alarm." It was kind of pathetic. - In a House episode, the titular character reveals that he figured out that his father (John House) was not really his biological father when he was twelve, and told this to him, causing John to not speak a single word to his son for two months. - A really bizarre example occurs in the UK science-fiction comedy Hyperdrive. Technical Officer Jeffers is reminiscing about being raised by a computer simulation of his father, created when his father knew he was dying. Then, when Jeffers was fifteen, they got into an argument, and Jeffers said "You're not my real dad! You're just a piece of code!" and deleted the program. He tried to restore it the next day, but couldn't. - Freddie on iCarly uses this when Lewbert, their building's doorman enters a relationship with Freddie's mother. - iCarly (2021): Freddie himself would fall victim to this from his adopted stepdaughter Millicent. In the first episode no less. Though as the season went on, she changed her mind and accepted him as her father. It helps that her biological father is dead. - Iron Fist (2017): Ward Meachum takes this sort of view of his own father Harold as the show progresses, especially since Harold was resurrected by The Hand. He tries to convince Joy of this, with little success: Ward Meachum: He isn't our dad, OK? This—this thing crawling around in our dad's skin, he is violent, dangerous. He's killed two men that I know of! I have no doubt that he killed Wilkins! Have you seen Kyle around lately? - Played for laughs in a one-off joke about stepdads by Seth Meyers on Late Night. "YOU'RE NOT MY DAD, TODD!" - Perhaps not quite average for the trope since the boy in question is a baby, not a teenager... But the line came up, unavoidably, in a very tense scene in the Lost episode "Fire & Water". Charlie, insistent on baptizing Claire's baby son regardless of Claire's wishes, runs afoul of Locke: Charlie: Who the hell are you, John? Aaron's not your responsibility. ...You're not his father. You're not his family. Locke: Neither are you, Charlie. - In a first season episode, Walt says this to Michael during an argument after pointing out that Michael was never around when he was growing up and probably doesn't even care about him. The flashbacks for the episode show that Michael desperately wanted to be part of his son's life, but Walt's mother blackmailed him into staying away so she could focus on her career and new husband. - Morgana does this indirectly on Merlin, telling someone that she comes in the name of Gorlois because Gorlois made her who she was, not her real father, Uther. - Mystery Science Theater 3000:: - In "Pod People", after singing "Clown in the Sky", Joel tells the bots that he loves them. Crow's reply is "You're not my real father!" - A straighter (or, well, as straight as Mystery Science Theater 3000 plays anything) example is the Call-Back this gets in the revival. New human host Jonah introduces the bots as "his robot friends". Crow throws "you're not my real father, mister!" at him in response. Whereas Joel built the bots, Jonah is literally not their father. - In Nip/Tuck, Matt says this to Christian right after the latter bails him out of jail. the twist is that Christian really is Matt's father and had only found this out in the same episode. Unusually for this trope, Matt's pronouncement is actually quite accurate- Christian isn't much of a father figure to him at all. - In The Office (US), Pam—a grown, married mother-to-be—cries "You'll never be my father!" in the course of freaking out over her boss dating her divorced mother. She also displays plenty of the other bad behavior triggered by a Parent with New Paramour. - A later episode features an inversion; Erin goes out of the way to make her boss Michael like her boyfriend Gabe, and Michael asks why she cares so much since he's not her father. After a stunned silence, he realizes that Erin, who has no family, sees him as a father figure. - In the first episode of Once Upon a Time, Henry meets his birth mother Emma, who drives him back to Storybrooke where they are confronted by Regina, Henry's "evil" adoptive mother. This ensues: Regina: Where have you been!? What happened? Henry: I found my real mom! - Monica from Orange Is the New Black didn't actually say "You're not my mother!", but she felt like she doesn't have a mother after being lied to her whole life. Monica: Fuck all y'all! [to Lillian, her grandmother whom she called Mom] You're a lying bitch [to Cindy, her actual mom whom she called her sister] and you're a waste of fucking space! Far as I'm concerned, I don't got a mother. - Pistvakt contains an absolutely epic example, in combination with Calling the Old Man Out and "The Reason You Suck" Speech. Keep in mind that this series is an unabashed and extremely silly comedy. Father. That's a hell of a thing for you to call yourself, whoever the hell you may be. You abandoned us 27 years ago, and promoted me to shoulder a mantle of lead and drudgery, and left me with two brothers to care for and my mother's soul so corroded by grief her shadow left stains on the wallpaper. But my father wasn't like that. He was a hero. He saved lives. He climbed mountains and killed beasts, and he tucked me and my brothers into bed every night... and then one day... he vanished. And I haven't seen him since. Listen to me! I'm... YOU ARE NOT MY FATHER! YOU HEAR ME?! YOU ARE NOT OUR FATHER! - A variant of this appears in Power Rangers Operation Overdrive. When Mack, the red Overdrive Ranger discovers he is in fact an android built by the man he thought to be his father, he starts calling his father Mr. Hartford, instead of the more informal "Dad", as he did before. After the Grand Finale, the two reconcile, after which Mack starts calling him Dad once more. - In "Family Day" from Resident Alien, the daughter of Harry Vanderspeigle arrives in Patience, not realizing that her father was killed and is being impersonated by a Hugh Mann alien. Asta Twelvetrees, who knows Harry's secret, tries to help Liza out, but Liza tells Asta that she's not her mother. Asta agrees but says that she wants to help Liza because she knows what it's like for her because of her own childhood. - On Revenge, rebellious teenager Declan says this to his older brother Jack when Jack is trying to convince Declan he has a duty to attend their father's funeral: Just because he's dead doesn't make you my father. - Sex/Life: Brad angrily yells this at his stepfather during an argument before throwing a glass at him. - Sister, Sister: - When Ray tells Tia that her new boyfriend just got out of prison and the bottom line is that she can't go out with him, she responds, "Well, bottom line, you're not my father!" - Tamera says the reverse near the end of the series when Tia and Tamera meet someone who could very well be their biological father. Tamera gets pissed when he asks them to take a DNA test to confirm that he is their real father: Tamera: I don't need a DNA test to know who my real father is. He's the man who's been there for me my entire life, and a good part of yours, too, Tia. His name is Ray Campbell, and as far as I'm concerned, he is all the father I will ever need. - In Sleepy Hollow, Jeremy Crane/Henry Parrish/War calls the demon Moloch his real father, angry at his biological parents for their unwilling absence through his life, leaving him Buried Alive by his mother's coven until Moloch freed him. - Delivered in a stunningly awesome way from Clark to Lionel in Smallville, just before the former cuts ties with the latter completely. - In "Cardassians" on Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, a Cardassian war orphan who was adopted by Bajorans and raised to hate Cardassians says this to his biological Cardassian father when speaking to him for the first time. - In Suddenly Susan, the titular character gets "You're not my mother" snapped at her by one of her boyfriend's kids as she tries to bond with them. - A slightly depressing example occurs in the last episode of Season 1. Sam and Dean have managed to rescue their father and Dean is worrying about having wasted a bullet (it only has a few left and they need all the bullets they can get). Unknown to them, John has been possessed by the Big Bad ever since they found him. But when John comes out and tells Dean how proud of him he is, Dean realizes the truth and says exactly this. - Played straight in a Season Five episode; a depressed Dean tells this to Bobby, who is trying to keep him from letting Michael take over his body. The same episode had Adam say this about John, who is his birth father, but didn't raise him. - Season 7 has a flashback of Bobby talking on the phone to John, who tells him he is not Dean's father after Bobby decides to take him to the park instead of to practice shooting (Dean was just a kid at the time). - Switched at Birth has Daphne, who was still grieving Angelo's death, in Season 3 say this to Regina. Daphne: You're not my mother! You have never been my mother! - Inverted in The Thorn Birds, as Paddy and Frank argue, Paddy tells Frank, "You're no better than the bastard who fathered you!", thus revealing what Frank has always suspected, that Paddy is not his father. Then in the midquel "The Missing Years", Meggie's Jerkass husband Luke returns to take custody of their son Dane. Meggie's mother Fee intervenes when Luke insists that he wants the chance to make up for being an absent and neglectful father, telling him "but you're not his father". - Said constantly by Arthur to his stepfather Walter in The Tick (2016). Walter doesn't seem to mind, as he recognizes that Arthur is still grieving over seeing his birth father killed in front of him by the Terror. - Played for Laughs in an Imagine Spot on Titus, in which Titus' father is gay. Titus: I won't call him "mommy". Ken: I call him "daddy". - Inverted in the "Living Doll" episode of The Twilight Zone (1959). "I'm not your DADDY!" - Voyagers!: A third person variation; Billy the Kid mistakes Bogg for being Jeff's father. Jeff, irritated with Bogg at the moment, is quick to correct the misconception. - Andrea in The Walking Dead (2010), when arguing with surrogate father figure Dale: "I'm not your little girl, I'm not your wife, and I'm sure as hell not your problem." - Used as a minor joke in a sketch for The Whitest Kids U' Know, where a man really excited that it is Saturday tells a woman whose car he wants to shoot with a bow that she's not his mother. She responds that she's his wife. - Subverted on Who's the Boss? when Angela and Samantha get into an argument and Angela orders Samantha to Go to Your Room!. Samantha immediately shoots back that Angela isn't her mother. Tony intervenes, pointing out that he's her father, and he orders her to listen to Angela. - The Wiz Live! has Dorothy tell Aunt Em, "You're not my mother", before detailing her struggles adjusting to life in a new state after her parents' deaths. - In the Pearl Jam song "Daughter", the aloof speaker tells her mother, "Don't call me daughter." Theories abound. - Played for Laughs in The Book of Mormon. In his quest to man up, the nerdy Elder Cunningham randomly yells this trope name at (an imagined) Darth Vader as means of asserting his place as the new protagonist. Could be Harsher in Hindsight considering his relationship with his real father. - In Hamilton, Washington repeatedly calls Hamilton 'son' while admonishing him for the duel with Lee and trying to explain why he's not giving him an independent command. Each time, Hamilton interrupts "I'm not your son" until finally he roars "CALL ME 'SON' ONE MORE TIME—!". Even harsher with the historical fact that not only did Hamilton not have a father, but Washington never had any children. It is heavily implied that during the rest of the play, Hamilton started to see Washington as his father ó the last time we see Washington alive is during the "the Reynolds Papers" number where Washington get the paper thrust into his face, and he answers with a silent look of disgust at Hamilton who until now stoically stood still while people threw letters at him finally turned away his head in shame. And just before getting shot, he glimpsed "the other Side" and he saw his dead Son, his dead Mother, and Washington waiting on the Other Side-Washington taking the place of his actual father that he never knew. - One of the main points of conflict in Harry Potter and the Cursed Child. Albus Potter comes to resent Harry over the course of his first years at Hogwarts and eventually comes to think Harry wishes he wasn't born. Harry struggles to disprove this because of the drastic differences between the two, and the rest of the plot ensues. - Late in Disgaea: Hour of Darkness, Jennifer chews out her foster father General Carter, who only adopted her to use her for his plans. In the anime, she actually says "you're no father to me!" - In Dragon Age II, most of the resentment Carver feels towards their elder sibling is because they were left as sole breadwinner and head of the household after their father's death, three years prior to the game. The Legacy DLC implies Carver found it extra hard to deal with, due to Hawke greatly taking after their father in personality. - In The House of the Dead III, after defeating the Final Boss, Dr. Curien as the Wheel of Fate, Curien's son Daniel rejects him as his father before Daniel and Lisa kill him with one final blast. - In Jade Empire there's the possibility of this happening in two ways, depending on the character's Karma Meter. If you uncover the secret of Dawn Star being Master Li's daughter and have her with you for the final confrontation, she tries to appeal to him (either out of hope or to distraught him), only for him to be indifferent about their connection. She disowns him this way if she remains as an Open Palm character: "I'm not sure what I expected my father to be, but I remember a time when I hoped he was someone like you. Not anymore." - If she's been turned into a Closed Fist character, she uses this version: "I always thought I had been abandoned. It was not until just now that I knew for certain. If I am dead to you, then you are dead to me." - If she's been turned into a Closed Fist character, she uses this version: - Jacob Taylor's loyalty mission in Mass Effect 2 is to rescue his father, who went missing ten years ago. It turns out that his ship crashed on an unknown planet. However, after they find out that Ronald Taylor forced his crew to eat the local food (which causes brain damage) while keeping the good food from the ship for himself long after they repaired the beacon that justified withholding it in the first place, killed the other officers, exiled the male crew, and turned the females into his personal harem, Jacob disowns his father. - And by "disown", what is meant is that one outcome, if the player chooses the right conversation options for Shepard, is that, when the camp is under attack by the surviving male crewmembers (who went feral), Jacob hands his father a pistol — with one round. Guess what he's expected to do with it. Then Shepard and the team leave, evacuating the female survivors. - Even in the Paragon ending, Jacob denies that Ronald is his father anymore, and the only thing preventing him from gunning him down right at that moment is that he doesn't believe Ronald is worth the effort of pulling the trigger. - In Professor Layton and the Azran Legacy this is said more gently by Layton himself, after learning that Bronev, the Big Bad is his father. Layton considers the parents who raised him to be his real parents, but mentions being open to connecting with Bronev as colleagues, and possibly friends. - In Super Paper Mario, when Luvbi finds out that she's really one of the Pure Hearts, she argues with Grambi. At one point, she says: "Wait... Why do I explain myself to thee?! Thou art not my real father!" - In Axel's ending of Twisted Metal II, he confronts his father, who cruelly attached him to his vehicle. After failing to reconcile, Axel just tears himself out, and fiercely delivers this line: Axel: I...am a free man. And you are no longer my father. - A Very Long Rope to the Top of the Sky: During Nox's sermon to Margo and Scully's family: Julian (to his sister, Holiday): You can't tell me what to do. You're not my mother! Margo: Yeah, well I AM your mother, and I'm telling you to be quiet! - In Wolfenstein II: The New Colossus, the father of the protagonist B.J. Blazkowicz is... anything but a nice guy. B.J. doesn't fool himself, knowing firsthand exactly how much of a bad guy Rip was to him and everyone around him, but still manages to hold a little love for his father, if only for the sake of them being blood relations. However, what little love he had for his father died unceremoniously once Rip reveals he sold out BJ's mother (and his own wife) to the Nazis. BJ doesn't even flinch when Rip levels a shotgun at his forehead and only makes a single offhand comment about him being his son before dropping all pretenses and delivering a Pre Ass Kicking One Liner and killing the old man with no hesitation. - In World of Warcraft, during the Waycrest Manor dungeon, Lucille Waycrest gets angry when her mother, Lady Waycrest, calls her "daughter," angrily telling Lady Waycrest not to call her that and calling her a "witch" (quite literally since Lady Waycrest resorted to dark magic to extend her husband's life). - Higurashi no Naku Koro ni featured this with Rena, formerly Reina, Ryugu and her own mother. Mrs. Ryugu cheated on her husband with a lover whom she brought Rena to meet on several occasions, with Rena unaware of who the man really was. After her mother decided to officially divorce her husband and begged Rena to come live with her, Rena made it clear she didn't want anything to do with her mom after the way she tried to manipulate and turn Rena against her dad. Rena went as far as to drop the "I" from her name to represent her removal of her mother from her life. - Played very tragically in Umineko: When They Cry, where Ange's refusal to consider Eva as a mother, added to the latter's sadness and lingering hatred towards Ange's parents, made their relationship go to hell during the 12 years after the Rokkenjima incident. It doesn't help that Eva refused to tell the truth and was widely considered the culprit by gossip and tabloids. - In the Helluva Boss episode "Spring Broken", Loona, tired of Blitzo constantly interfering with her attempts to talk to Vortex, eventually calls him out on it, declaring that even though he adopted her, he's not her real dad. Blitzo: It still counts! Loona: Well, it shouldn't. I didn't need you then, asshole; I don't now. - Homestar Runner uses it rather randomly at the end of one Teen Girls Squad episode. - If the Emperor Had a Text-to-Speech Device has a special where Magnus invokes this against Tzeentch. Tzeentch: Stop or I'll put you in time-out, young mister! Magnus: YOU'RE NOT MY REAL DAD! Tzeentch: WELL I'M THE BEST YOU GOT. - In the Overly Sarcastic Productions summary of Paradise Lost, we see a hand-drawn frame of Satan storming away from God, yelling that he's not his real dad. God: LUCIFER GET BACK HERE AND CLEAN THAT UP Satan: You're not my real dad! God: I'M EVERYONE'S REAL DAD - Darths & Droids has Kaydel Ko Connix disregard Leia's orders to take off, and only reported back to the General after the Fulminatrix manages to destroy the Resistance base. When an irate Leia tells Kaydel that she's now grounded, Kaydel quickly retorts, "You're not my mother!" - In El Goonish Shive Diane mentions to Susan that her biological father (who is well-versed into The Masquerade) is no dad to her: Diane: My dad doesn't know anything about immortals. [...] I didn't see that guy around when I needed someone to read me a bedtime story! - Gunnerkrigg Court. Renard tries to lecture Annie about stealing homework answers from her friend Kat. Annie tries to brush Renard off by pointing out that he's not her father. Renard replies that he would have been a better father than her real dad was, and things just go downhill from there. - In Homestuck, trolls don't have parents, since they're formed from an "incestuous slurry", and raised by a guardian animal called a Lusus. However, the Sufferer of the Post-Scratch troll ancestors was raised by a female troll called the Dolorosa. During a conversation between their Pre-Scratch counterparts, Kankri and Porrim, Kankri, who knows about both his other self and Earth reproduction, snaps "You are not my 'human mother'", much to Porrim's confusion. - In Kevin & Kell, Lindesfarne's relationship with her adoptive mother Angelique had been strained for a long time, since the latter had mostly ignored her for much of her childhood, then left Kevin for another man. When Lindesfarne ends up babysitting Angelique's children from a previous marriage, she admits that she's unsure of what to call her, since Lindesfarne now considers her stepmother Kell to be her mother. Much later, Lindesfarne starts calling Angelique by name, thereby more or less officially disowning her. - Rosa from L's Empire says this to Mr L when he scolds her on her manners. Since she's his Kid from the Future, she ends the sentence with "... yet." - In No Rest for the Wicked, November says this to the witch — who is seriously delusionally and believes her to be Gretel. - Oglaf: A fated hero uses the line on a shopkeeper who won't let him have stuff for free. When the kid refuses to back down, the shopkeeper kills him. The comic ends with adventurers puzzling why a book of prophecy just ends suddenly. - Pacific Rim: Amara: Five years into being Amara's surrogate father, Kai gets into an argument with her about stealing the turbo jumpers, and says "No daughter of mine...". Amara, who is still reeling from the death of her biological family, screams that he's not her dad. She later acknowledges that he is her dad...just before he dies. - Said by Jeshua in Shortpacked!, to Galasso, the nutjob who brought him back to life to be an attention-grabbing gimmick for his toystore. Given who the real dad is, it's significantly more of a threat than usual. - In Skin Horse, Virginia Lee asks the adorable kid cobras how old they are, and is told the eldest of them, Alphie, is thirteen. He turns out to be an Emo Teen wearing a black tube sock, who tells Dr Lee "You're not even my mom." - In CinemaSins videos, whenever someone says this trope word for word, the narrator counts the cliché as a sin. Jeremy Scott: "You're not my father" cliche. (ding) - In Dream SMP Fundy says this about Wilbur after L'Manberg becomes Manberg under Schlatt. He's lying, and he's The Mole although even the Pogtopia leaders don't know. - Avatar: The Last Airbender: - While Calling the Old Man Out, Zuko tells Firelord Ozai this. - And then there's Zuko's beautiful Calling the Old Man Out speech, which heavily overlaps with Kirk Summation and "The Reason You Suck" Speech. See those pages for more details. - Similarly in The Legend of Korra, Asami finally recognizes that the father she knew and loved is now gone, as he drew a line in the sand. - Batman declares this once in the animated series. Being Batman (and, y'know, knowing that both of his parents died years ago), he's right. The hallucination of his father that was haunting him when Scarecrow gassed him once disappears and doesn't return again. - Ben 10: Ben tells Grandpa Max "You're not my dad!" when Grandpa scolds him for using the Omnitrix to sneak somewhere and play a video game. - BoJack Horseman presents BoJack as Sarah Lynn's chosen father figure, his status as her TV dad not making it very hard. When she reunites with him as an adult and he suggests she stay with him, she makes use of the opportunity to throw a days-long party in his house. When he tells her he thinks she needs to go to rehab, she rebuttals: Sarah Lynn: You're not my dad! You're just a rugged older man who provided me with a strong masculine presence during my formative years! - Doug: In "Patti's Dad Dilemma," Patti struggles with the fact that her widowed father is now dating her English teacher Ms. Kristal. After an awkward "family" dinner, she finally snaps, accusing Ms. Kristal of trying to steal her father and replace her Missing Mom, and telling her "You're not my mother and you never will be!" She regrets this afterwards and apologizes, though, and her father assures her that no one will ever take her place or her mother's in his heart. - Dragon Booster: Said by Artha Penn to Mortis in "The Return of Drakkus", part 1. The kicker is that Mortis really is his father, Conner Penn. - In Drawn Together, Clara invokes this in an argument with her stepmother. Her stepmother then reminds her that her mother's dead, and after realizing that she went too far in bringing this up, the two reconcile and Clara's stepmother gives her advice on how to break her Octopussoir curse. - In Family Guy, Jesus says this to Joseph during a fight. He calls his real father, God, on the phone, asking Him to let Jesus move in with Him. God turns him down, because (unbeknownst to Jesus) He has a lady friend over at the time. - Presley says this to Ja'Kal in the Father's Day Special of Mummies Alive! when he offers to take the boy fishing in place of his real dad (who was in Memphis at the time.) - In The Owl House, Amity disowns Odalia as her mother after learning that she's willingly aiding Emperor Belos' genocidal plans under the (false) promise of being made royalty. She seemingly sticks with this decision as when the kids make drawings of their families at the start of "Thanks to Them", Amity only draws her dad and siblings. - In the Rocko's Modern Life episode, "Who's For Dinner?", Heffer is dismayed when he finds out that he was adopted. George tries to calm Heffer down, telling him that he's still his father. Heffer tells George, "You're not my father! You're just some jerk in wolf's clothing!" - Robot Chicken: - The skit "Jedi Master George W./Jedi In Chief" more or less parodies this trope during a parody of the I Am Your Father scene in Star Wars, with George Bush as Vader and his daughter Jenna replacing Luke: Bush: Jenna, get over here right now! I am your father! Jenna: That's not true! That's impossible! My real father would let me go clubbing as late as I want! [flips off Bush] - Another skit involved an aging Stretch Armstrong no longer able to stretch. He has surgery to restore his stretchiness but is told to wait until his stitches heal. He doesn't listen, and he dies. His wife remarries Plastic Man, prompting her son to exclaim that he's not his real dad. - The skit "Jedi Master George W./Jedi In Chief" more or less parodies this trope during a parody of the I Am Your Father scene in Star Wars, with George Bush as Vader and his daughter Jenna replacing Luke: - At the end of Samurai Jack, Ashi openly rejects her biological father, Aku, because he's a pure evil incarnate and was using her like a tool. - The Season 1 closeout for Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated had Fred learn that the man he'd called father for years was actually some guy who stole him from his real parents as leverage against them; he was not ecstatic. It gets worse when he finds out his real father is no better, leading to Fred also disowning him too and choosing to forgive his kidnapper. - In one episode of Sofia the First, Amber complains to Sofia about the way Miranda (Sofia's biological mother, Amber's stepmother) is being overprotective of them, complaining that Miranda isn't even her real mother. Sofia immediately (and sadly) points out that Miranda is as much Amber's real mother as Roland (Amber's biological father, Sofia's stepfather) is Sofia's real dad. While Amber never directly addresses this point with Miranda, she does eventually apologize for rebelling against her rules and recognize that she knows Miranda only has her best interests at heart. - In Star Wars: Clone Wars, while arguing with Obi-Wan, Anakin snaps at him that "You're no Qui-Gon Jinn!", referring to both Obi-Wan trying to live up to his late master's legacy as well as Qui-Gon being the closest thing Anakin had to a father. Anakin immediately apologizes and Obi-Wan forgives him. - In Super Best Friends Forever, Supergirl tells Superman this when the latter goes to enforce the former's grounding. Superman's response? "No, but I'm Superman and you'll do as I say!" - In Sym-Bionic Titan, Lance says this line to the King of Galaluna, who isn't a Parental Substitute but was a friend of Lance's father. Immediately after saying that, Lance accepted that his father's dead, after the whole episode with optimism that he might still be alive since there was no body. - Occasionally comes to a head in TaleSpin with the character Kit, a 12-year-old prodigy orphan the main character took under his wing after he'd been formerly apprenticed to one of the series' main villains. The laid-back Baloo and his somewhat professional-yet-motherly boss Rebecca often act as surrogate parents to Kit, who alternates between a child's need for adult guidance and his own fiercely independent streak, which usually works quite well unless Kit feels he is being disregarded because of his age. In the episode "Stormy Weather," the villain of the week quite ably leverages this insecurity against Baloo and Rebecca's protectiveness of Kit in order to convince the child the adults are "holding him back" from his true potential, leading Kit to eventually break things off with them on the grounds that "you can't tell me what to do! You're not my dad!" - Teen Titans (2003): - In the pilot episode of Tom Goes to the Mayor, we see a brief snippet of one of Tom's home movies, where Tom's stepsons are throwing things at him while chanting "You're not our dad! You're not our dad!" It's Played for Laughs, or at least attempted anyway. - Sari pulled this on her father in Transformers: Animated after finding out that she was actually a robot, despite the combined efforts of Sumdac and the Autobots to reconcile them. Of course, it turns out he actually is her father, with the other "parent" being the Allspark. However, she really accepts him as her father when he stands up to the Headmaster to protect her. - Played for laughs during the first season finale of Transformers: Prime. After one of the kid sidekicks is badly injured, Jack's mother decides none of them belong with the Autobots. Miko: You're not my mother. Miko: Neither are you! - In The Venture Bros., Hank says to Sgt. Hatred, "You're not my real bodyguard!" It drives home the fourth season's Parent with New Paramour theme resulting from Hatred replacing former bodyguard and Parental Substitute Brock. - Heavily implied in Voltron: Legendary Defender, where Lotor would only refer to Haggar (eventually revealed to be Lotor's Altean mother, Honevra) as "Witch." Made explicit in Season 6, when Lotor tells Haggar that he considers Honevra dead and she was an abomination taking her place. - Winx Club: In "A Great Secret Revealed", Bloom cries out to Vanessa, "You're not my mother!" when she realizes she was adopted. - After defeating him, Elyon says a variation of this to her evil older brother Phobos in W.I.T.C.H., having learned that he was planning to drain her of her powers all along. Elyon: Goodbye, Phobos. You were never my brother. - The end of the X-Men: The Animated Series episode "Beauty and the Beast", involving Graydon Creed, is a rare example of an adult invoking this. Wolverine attempts to break up the anti-mutant grassroots terrorist group "The Friends of Humanity" by broadcasting a hologrammatic profile of the infamous mutant terrorist Sabertooth, which informs the thugs that the mutant's real name is "Graydon Creed Senior". Horrified to learn they've been following the son of a mutant, they promptly abandon him whilst Graydon has a Villainous Breakdown, grabbing a nearby pistol and firing repeatedly at the Sabertooth hologram whilst screaming that Sabertooth isn't his father. - In the first episode of Young Justice (2010), when Speedy realises he and the other sidekicks aren't being made full members of the Justice League and aren't getting access to the Watchtower, he angrily storms out. Aquaman tries to reason with him and calls him "son", Speedy snaps "I'm not your son", then glares at Green Arrow and says "I'm not even his". - A serial killer was apparently able to kill about six women operating by this trope. Said women were drug addicts, prostitutes, women that their families just didn't care about anymore. - Also invoked less seriously (or at least, seriously for a moment, then forgotten about) by much younger children when they're angry with their parents.

From Almond Roca To Cougar Gold Cheese: An Incomplete Northwest Gift Guide The Northwest features an abundance of artisans and craftspeople bringing unique art and gifts into the world. The region also has its particular traditions when it comes to gift giving. Perhaps you’ve found some of these gifts under your tree or in your stocking in years past. Perhaps you need to get some last-minute presents for that hard-to-buy-for loved one. Hopefully, these ideas help or at least make you laugh at your own traditions. Almond Roca: In informal social media polling, it seems everyone in the region gets Almond Roca for Christmas. Some receive the pink canisters, emblazoned with gold, but may other get a homemade variety. This writer is a transplant to the area, so I wondered why Almond Roca was such a big deal. Lo and behold, it’s made in Tacoma. Body Washes & More: You care about the environment and want even your soap and shampoo to come from organic sources and produced as locally as possible. Or you know someone who does. And that person is also more into Krampus than Christmas. Check out the Gruss vom Krampus soaps from Sea Witch Botanicals out of Bellingham, Wash. Cedar Planks: Last year some lucky member of your family was blessed with new fishing gear. All summer they fished and sometimes even brought home something for dinner. Once, you tried to grill the nice salmon but the meat stuck to the grill and a long day of work went up in flames. Plan ahead this holiday and pick up some locally-sourced cedar grilling planks, right out of Sandpoint, Idaho. Cougar Gold: Cheese might not be the best companion to one’s Almond Roca, but Cougar Gold from the WSU Creamery in Pullman is about as Northwest as it gets. Plus, it’s packaged in an eminently wrappable and stocking-stuffable metal tin. (Can opener required!) Lentils: Nothing that will excite the kids, but lentils remain a vital part of the Northwest economy in the Palouse region and therefore make an excellent gift. Don’t forget to include a recipe for the uninitiated. Misheard Lyrics Glass: Our friends to the east, in Whitefish, Mont., specifically, have a sense of humor. Meriwether of Montana (this counts as a “Lewis and Clark gift,” too) make pint glasses with your favorite incorrect lyrics from popular songs, and other products with barely safe for work sayings on them. If you know someone who dislikes meetings, this is the place for you. Sasquatch: Anything with Bigfoot on it is guaranteed to be a hit with your PNW friends and family. You can get a Sasquatch water bottle made in Yakima; a hand-blown glass paperweight made in Seattle; or even a book by a local author about tracking the elusive cryptid. If we’re lucky, the new Seattle NHL hockey team will be branded with Sasquatch and open up a whole new world of merchandise. Vandal Meats: What goes best with local cheese? Local meat, of course. This writer is a huge fan of Vandal Meats beef jerky and wouldn’t mind finding some in his stocking come Christmas morning. ZOMS: Hand-sewn in an apartment north of Seattle, ZOMS are perfect for cuddling, as long as you don’t mind your brain being nibbled. (Just kidding…we hope.) These plush zombies come in a variety of characters for your horror fan at home. They also make elves and a Seahawks fan version, too. Copyright 2018 Northwest Public Broadcasting Blake Foraker grills gene-edited German-style sausages at Washington State University. Credit: Connor Henricksen Listen (Runtime 3:58) Read At a barbecue on campus last week, flames licked a set of sausage… Continue Reading WSU researchers win historic FDA approval for gene-edited pork State officials use thermometers to monitor compost piles to make sure they are getting up to temp to kill highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. (Credit: Karla Salp / Washington State… Continue Reading Government officials build massive chicken ‘slow cooker’ in southeast Washington A 3.5-million-pound problem: More than a million chickens in Franklin County, Washington have bird flu Agriculture officials are quarantining flocks at Oakdell Farms in snowy north Franklin County, Washington, because the flock has come down with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1. Credit: Anna Kind, Northwest… Continue Reading A 3.5-million-pound problem: More than a million chickens in Franklin County, Washington have bird flu

WHAT IS A STITCHALONG? A Stitch Along (or SAL) is a group of stitchers working on the same project/pattern together. This can either be of a theme or with a special design set up to be stitched in sequence. Here we do mystery stitchalongs where you don't get to see the end result till you are DONE! It's a blast an a fabulous community grown out of it from our first SAL ~ The Universal Monster SAL. HOW DOES IT WORK? The pattern for the SAL will be in the shop on the release date. Upon purchase you will receive VIP access to a secret hideout on my website. On pattern release days the files will be uploaded there as well as emailed to you. WHAT IF I CAN'T KEEP UP? Doesn't matter! You stitch at whatever pace you can, you finish it when you finish it. There is meant to be NO STRESS!! Just have fun and enjoy the ride! WHEN IS THE NEXT SAL? No public SALs planned for 2023. Small SAL on Patreon late 2023. Next public SAL early 2024! Vampires, Werewolves and Witches oh my! They Cryptid SAL has a sister…and it’s just as spooky! *~ Supernatural ~* su-per-nat-u-ral / sü-pər-ˈna-chə-rəl 1. Not existing in nature or subject to explanation according to natural laws; not physical or material. “supernatural forces and occurrences and beings.” The Supernatural SAL features 16 of these creatures, hand-picked by The Witchy Stitcher and her secret team. The creatures mostly resemble humanoid form...though a few furry creatures snuck into the party. Cryptozoology is the study of creatures whose existence has yet to be—or else cannot entirely be—proved or disproved by science. These creatures, known collectively as cryptids, include examples like the Loch Ness Monster, Bigfoot, and the Himalayan Yeti, yet these famous cases are by no means the only ones on record. In fact, practically every country and corner of the globe has its own legendary monster or mystery creature that dwells there. The Cryptid SAL features 16 of these creatures, hand-picked by The Witchy Stitcher and her secret team. This SAL ran from August 2021 until January 2022 and is now complete. Scroll down to download the info sheet and purchase the pattern! This SAL even comes with its very own cryptid mascot...The Cone of Doom! The Story of the Cone of Doom It is no secret that I call for ALOT of DMC 310 in my patterns, especially my SALs! There has been a running joke that you need a cone of DMC 310 in order to work on my pattern library. The giant ball of thread has been lovingly named...'The Cone of Doom' Cone of Doom Shirts and Stickers also available! THE CHOPPING MALL The second Witchy Stitcher SAL was from Nov 2019 till April 2020 and was a BLAST! How do slashers pay for their hatchets, chainsaws and various other torture devices? Well...they have day jobs at the Chopping Mall of course. Take a glimpse into the day in the life of these mundane monsters, and get ready to clock in at the office with Mr. Voorhees. The first Witchy Stitcher SAL was in April 2019 and was a overwhelming success! We had so much fun working on the pattern together. There were so many fun and creative interpretations of the SAL! The pattern is still available to purchase if you wish to make your own Monster Mansion. One of the best parts of a stitch along is the social aspect. During the Universal Monster SAL we created: It has turned into a wonderful coven full of kind, caring, funny, and mega crafty stitch witches! This group is not limited to the SALs, or even just cross stitch. Let your freak flag fly sweeties!

Bridge token crypto Don't miss any update on of the world's first permanent NFT museum. 003 bitcoin in dollars However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled. Out of these, the cookies its new mmuseum to support are stored on your browser as they are essential for consented to the use of. Artifact Labs intends to use that are categorized as necessary museums, and a platform to of source code from Refinable, not engage with traditional artwork. The cookie is used to provide visitors with relevant ads the user consent for the. Pon stated that the company updates that matter Receive news have not been classified into culture, and culture-tech professionals. While Artifact CEO Pon acknowledges that the initial frenzy around NFTs has significantly subsided, with the global NFT market down the working of international crypto museum functionalities he anticipates a shift towards crylto collaborations international crypto museum customer activation ccrypto NFT adoption. lets go brandon coin cryptoInternational Cryptozoology Museum Coleman opened the International Cryptozoology Museum, or ICM, He's written more than 40 books on various cryptozoological topics. Loren Coleman has been investigating cryptid creatures for years and has a fun display of items and information in the museum. His credentials are indisputable. Cryptozoology is the study of hidden or unknown animals such as Bigfoot, the Loch Ness Monster, and Yeti. Please come and visit the only museum of its type.

Mattel Disney Princess Tiana Doll This is a Mattel Disney Princess Tiana Doll produced by the good folks over at Mattel. Standing at approximately 4 inches tall, the Tiana doll showcases a remarkable likeness to the beloved character. She features long, flowing hair that can be styled in different ways, allowing for creative play and personalization. Her facial features are carefully designed to capture Tiana strength, intelligence, and courage. Recommended Age: 3+ Condition: Brand New and Sealed Dimensions: 4" X Mattel Disney Princess Tiana Doll You may also like... - Fisher Price Little People Disney Princess Ariel's Light-Up Sea Carriage $42.99 - Mattel Disney Pixar Cars Rumbler Lightning McQueen Chieftess And Rumbler Mater Mini Racers $11.99 - Mattel Disney Pixar Cars Quadratorquosaur Westfalanapus And Clankylosaurus Mini Racers $11.99 - Mattel Disney Pixar Cars Professor Z Mater And Holley Shiftwell Mini Racers $11.99 - Mattel Disney Pixar Cars Erin Kindafast Gray And Mater Mini Racers $11.99 - Mattel Disney Pixar Cars On The Road Ivy Margaret And Cryptid Buster Lightning McQueen Mini Racers $11.99 - Ravensburger Disney Villainous Ratigan 1000 Piece Jigsaw Puzzle $37.99 - USAopoly Disney Stitch Yahtzee Dice Game $25.99

|Part of RationalWiki's| Cryptid Petting Zoo |Hiding with Schrödinger's cat| Phantom cats or alien big cats (ABCs) are terms generally (see below) referring neither to cats from outer space nor actual phantom cats, but to alleged big cats found outside of their territorial range. The explanations for their sightings ranges from the sensible, such as escaped zoo creatures, military mascots, and pets, to the absurd, such as there being a population of hybrid big cats in Britain. Scientists point to the improbability of a breeding population of big cats surviving and feeding themselves undetected in the UK, but occasionally big cats do escape from captivity. Given the number of zoos in the world, and the fact that big cats are a common feature in said zoos, one escaping at some point is inevitable. Notable occurrences have occurred in the UK with escaped pumas and lynxes. It has even been suggested that the Beast of Gévaudan was in fact a lion, not a wolf as was reported at the time. As with many things in cryptozoology, whenever there is something sensible, there is also something outlandish. In the case of alien big cats, the idea is that the cats in question are in fact relictual populations from the last ice age. And, of course, there are people who believe that the cats are indeed paranormal or perhaps shapeshifters. A notable film treatment of the subject is the movie Cat People. Famous British big cats Felicity the puma Felicity was captured at Cannich near Inverness in 1980. She was very tame and hence probably an escaped pet. She was rehomed in a wildlife park, where she died in 1985 and was stuffed and moved to Inverness Art Gallery and Museum. Beast of Bodmin Moor The Beast of Bodmin Moor was a panther-like creature reportedly seen several times in Cornwall in southwest England from 1978. Scientists pointed out that there wasn't enough food for a breeding population, but there were various rumours about animals released into the wild. A leopard skull was found by the River Fowey in 1995, but examination demonstrated that it had probably been imported to the UK as part of a leopardskin rug rather than a live animal. A government report found no evidence of an actual big cat. It was reported in 2016 that animal keeper Mary Chipperfield had let three pumas go into the wild around 1980, following the closure of Plymouth Zoo nearby, although such claims appear to be only hearsay. The Beast of Cricklewood A Eurasian lynx (also known as the Beast of Barnet) was caught in Cricklewood, north London, in 2001, sedated by a vet from the London Zoological Society. Other big cats The Beast of Gévaudan This was a mysterious animal that terrorized the province of Gévaudan in France in the 17th century. Though at the time it was thought to be a wolf or part wolf, its behavior was unlike that of wolves. Modern research has suggested that it may instead have been a lion that escaped from a nobleman's private zoo. Reports of a female lion moving around in the municipality of Ruokolahti in southeastern Finland caused a sensation in the country during the summer of 1992, despite the scarcity of hard evidence to support its existence. Initial reports suggested that a train or truck transporting circus animals could have suffered an accident across the nearby Russian border shortly before the lion reports started, although Russian authorities had no record of such an incident occurring. A circus without a warrant for keeping animals or a private household with exotic beasts have also been suggested as the origin of the lion. - British Big Cats- Sorting Fact From Legend - There's even a movie! - MessyBeast:HYBRID BIG CATS IN THE BRITISH COUNTRYSIDE A good debunking - The Scottish Big Cats Trust: Felicity the Puma - The BBC:Police report solves lynx mystery - Squidoo:Mystery Big Cats of Australia - Fortean Times:Alien Big Cat thread - UFO Digest:Alien Big Cats — Paranormal Panthers — Shape-shifters? - Cambridge Paranormal Research Society:Alien Big Cats - Felicity the puma, ScotCats - The most unusual animals discovered in Scotland, The Scotsman, 2015 - Beast of Bodmin Moor - Beast of Dartmoor mystery solved after famous circus owner Mary Chipperfield 'set three Pumas free in 1970s', The Daily Telegraph, 21 July 2016 - The Beast of Cricklewood is Tamed, The Daily Telegraph, 2001 - If You Go Into The Woods ... Beware Of a Lion. But in Finland? AP News, June 29, 1992

Mar 16, 2022 Humans are considered to be the top of our food chain, we are the biggest apex predators on the planet, contending with Great White Sharks, Lions, Tigers and Crocodiles…. Oh my. The question I put to you is, what if we were not? Stories of large humanoid creatures, flying beasts in far flung jungles and massive sea creatures make us question our place at the top of the food chain. Do these cryptids pose a threat to our very existence? In this episode, a bat creature attacks an expedition team in a remote jungle, a large sea creature is unearthed after some major construction and an ugly creature cries tears of amber for its lost incarnation. One of these stories isn’t true, can you figure out which one? Welcome to A Hint of Fiction A Screech in the Night - 3:44 Monsters on the Seven Seas - 12:29 The Crying Cryptid - 22:16

Twitter Buzz on Camcorders Boomer frantically using a camcorder to record his wife without makeup thinking shes a horrifying cryptid Gbatueyo Minister, it’s the camcorder he found at the toll I need him to produce the video in it. All rhetoric, vibes and insha Allah https://twitter.com/imudia_se2/status/15270049800953... Why You Need To Capture Extra Audio When FilmingOK so let’s back up a bit here because it is important.Years ago when I purchased my first camcorder (yes you read that right “camcorder!”), I excitedlyloaded my footage onto my computer, edited it and https://thedigitalinsider.com/ambient-audio-youtub... I just received a gift from Anonymous via @official_throne: MavisLink Audio Video Capture Cards HDMI to USB 1080p USB2.0 Record via DSLR Camcorder Action Cam for High Definition Acquisition, Live Broadcasting. Thank you! https://thronegifts.com/u/inkyrebirth Documentary / camcorder style horror films are not good https://twitter.com/jordanpeelefan/status/1527038920... A camcorder and several tapes have been sitting here for 5 days at a park I help maintain... do I watch the tapes?i All the Randalls at one table and all the Kevins at one table!! That's the tweet. ThisIsUsFinalChapter (Y'all peep the Jack-style camcorder?) Saw a camcorder at this party and thought it was @junoavalon It’s pretty incredible that some camcorder videotapes from the year 2000 are basically on the same quality as movies and films from the early 20th century Hashtag2 Mini Camera Full HD 1080P Home Security Camcorder Night Vision Micro Secret Cam Motion Detection Video Voice Recorder The camcorder/home video vibes this is giving is my favorite thing https://twitter.com/maggierogers/status/152706956309... At this point it’s luke, luke hemmings, and that frikin camcorder bc he never parts from it- 😭 it’s giving a mom on a family holiday Eventually I captured a UFO with my Hitachi VHS Front Load Camcorder overnight running on a tripod on auto-video mode every 10 seconds on our 2nd story bedroom balcony aimed at the sky location where I saw in person that 1991 UFO. I still have the VHS tapes. Mario 👍 Was Eunkwang holding a camcorder?? are we getting a Chicago vlog?? https://twitter.com/kunyook/status/1526981449127182340 Greeting to the whole crowd, hold your hand high in the air, and click! the camcorder favorably captured today's delightful performance at the kyemyeong university fest! still thrilled to hear all of the cheers and chants during the event; I absolutely love you all, dives. <3 Hashtag2 Winait Super 4k wifi digital video camera night vision with 3.0'' touch display 30x digital zoom support 128GB sd card camcorder https://buyandfast.com/winait-super-4k-wifi-digita... Come like the uncle with the camcorder at a London Ghanaian party in the 90s!! 😅😅🤣🤣 https://twitter.com/quarantinebale/status/1526586577... Hell yeah check out the world's first MPEG-4 Camcorder, hoping it takes off https://global.sharp/inet-viewcam/ I think, i don't need to buy digicam or camcorder for now. kerry na sa phone ko. vintage resolution awieee <33 Luke in charge of the camcorder??knowing him he’s probably just holding it up and it’s not actually recording anything Alright so when are we gonna see some of this footage that @Luke5SOS has been collecting on that dang camcorder??? Ashton irwin with the camcorder verbage and the ig story earlier with the vhs tapes and the dvd/vcr combo setup I’m reliving the goals of yesteryear 🎥 📼 💿 @Ashton5SOS 5sos making baggage claim airport videos on a phone and a camcorder like it’s 2013 keek, I’m obsessed w my band I do not believe there will be no 5sos tour diaries. luke is clutching that camcorder everywhere he goes like a kid with a pacifier This was made with a camcorder, a ring light, somebody backyard and a dream https://twitter.com/mtvteenwolf/status/1526653782678... I was looking for advice on buying a new CAMCORDER so I did a search on a few key words-- I won't say what videos were posted but "Yikes--- I didn't need to see that It appears my camcorder has errors when it records and requires me to turn it off, and whenever this happens it also corrupts the fire of the thing being filmed. Since this happens frequently it seems I need a new camcorder :( I’m going to be without a camcorder now for a few weeks while mine is off for repairs so uploads might be sparse for a little while. However I do still have this video onboard EasyJet A320NEO to upload 😁✈️ Charging this old family camcorder and we're gonna see how bad the quality is lol the charger port cover is loose so... We'll see how it manages 😅 Like do it get a camcorder https://twitter.com/afterlifeashe/status/152613984...

POLICE BLOTTER + COMMUNITY GOSSIP · Day visitors/hikers Carol Liang and Jay Kent (Missing since 7/5/20) Report: After checking in at Mr. Hannigan’s Comfort Notch Creations & Souvenir Shoppe to purchase maps, sunglasses, and water/snacks, the couple entered the North trailhead where they were last seen. Warned by Mr. Hannigan to not leave the marked path, the couple agreed, yet inquired about the Legend within the Leaves. Mr. Hannigan, naturally, feigned to not know about the legend. When pressing the couple as to where they’d heard about this, they indicated that they’d read about it on the Conspiracy & Cryptid Chaser Network. If any resident has information on the whereabouts of this couple or has seen any signs, please contact Jenny Green, Mayor Hardy, and the Sheriff. · Glenn McNamara – Longtime Comfort Notch resident (since 5/5/20) First cousin of Comfort Notch Chamber of Commerce President Amy McNamara, Glenn Mac was last seen in the vicinity of the trailer park on the edge of town. At this time, his whereabouts are unknown, and he has not been heard from since his disappearance. If anyone has any information on his whereabouts – or why he was in the vicinity of the trailer park – please contact the sheriff. · DEAN SAMUELS: Be on the Lookout for a few members of the Conspiracy & Cryptid Chasers Network It has been reported that Dean Samuels, the New England Regional Director of this nuisance group, has been seen in Comfort Notch neighboring towns with several other members. At this time, we do not know if the latest missing persons are affiliated with this group. He may have been sighted on private property (see below). Complaints & Criminal Nuisances *Several complaints have been recorded during the entire month of July with regard to the Conspiracy & Cryptid Chasers Network trespassing on private property. As the residents of Comfort Notch know, we do not tolerate outsiders investigating the history, folklore, or legends of our town.

Overview and Disclaimer The content of this document cover all of our outlets, including this website, our official community discord, and our DeviantArt group/ This documentation exists to outline player behaviors and our actions we take to handle behaviors that go against this document. This is a document that can be edited under any situation to add new portions, clean up wording, or change rules that need be updated or changed. If you have questions please feel free to ask in our Discord, on this website, or on DeviantArt. Players are encouraged to review this documentation so that they may refresh and understand our rules! By registering on this website, being a member of our discord or DeviantArt, or interacting with seasonal sales/player held sales you are agreeing to this terms of service and are accountable for understanding our rules! We are more than happy to help you understand the rules, but "I didn't read them" is not an answer if you break a rule. Under no circumstances should this document be copied/referenced without first contacting a developer (Either Livard or Cryptid-Horror) for prior permission. We are happy to help other ARPGs and affiliates out, but please do not simply copy and paste our work. When in doubt, if something doesn't make sense, or you don't understand a rule, ask us! We are happy to explain! From here forward the following refers to specific things: - Developers- Cryptid-Horror and Livard - Creations - Artwork, Literature, and other creative pieces by players. General Rules, Bans, and Conduct General Rules Overview - Treat others with respect. It costs nothing to be kind and we strive for a community of people who are kind to each other and are willing to help each other out! - All names, personality, and content put on our outlets for your dragons (imports/etc) must be pg-13 in nature and not include any content that would be classified as hate speech, racist, or otherwise harmful to others. - Adult rated content is Not permitted on our website or in our galleries! The Adult chatroom of the discord is the only place for these, and you must be 18 years of age or older to access this channel. - Do not share your sensitive personal information in any form through the website, discord, or posts to our group. This includes, but may not be limited to: - personal identifiable information (phone numbers, addresses, etc) - Medical history/situations that are heavily detailed - Please be mindful when you are aiding another player with a question, or recieving an answer from a non staff member about a question! The information may be outdated or wrong and if staff corrects the information it is most likely because of this. - Creations submitted to the group that are excessive in violence, blood, or gore must have the mature filter on deviantart, and be labeled as such in claims/prompts. Some staff may be uncomfortable with certain subjects and we take this seriously, please respect this and let staff know if your piece may be sensitive in nature. - All submissions to the group must involve Souls-Between either in its species, items, creations, or commissions. Including Souls-Between somewhere as an accepted group for your commissions or other journals suffices, but please do not abuse this to simply add your journal for extra exposure! - I'm not part of Souls-Between anymore, how do I sell/trade/etc my items if I don't have an account? -- Pending Staff Review, but we will have a method for you to take! - One account per player, so please make sure you assign it to your active deviantart account or the account you want it connected to (main or ARPG etc.) Having multiple accounts is grounds for suspension or a ban. - Abusing any exploits in the game, or refusing to report them, is prohibited. Please let us know of errors or exploits! - Names and all content you use for yourself on the website needs to be pg-13 in nature. - Use of the website to avoid bans another player has against you on another outlet is prohibited. User Icon Rules - All user icons must be pg-13 or lower in nature. Use of nudity, or other adult themes is prohibited. - Icons must follow our general rules of conduct and be respectful to all. To view the entirety of our community discord's rules and standards, please join our discord! - Do not DM admins or Developers without their explicit permission. We are all working very hard to make Souls-Between a fun and enjoyable game and keep its mechanics running! We have time on and off our ‘clock’ of work and would appreciate that we are given that breathing room. - Treat each other with respect and act kindly towards one another. If you have a problem with someone, take it to DMs. - Discussion and posts should remain ‘safe for work’ and all NSFW posts may only be posted in the Adult Chat. - Topics of religion, politics, serious health conditions, or mental well being should be avoided. There are other discords for these topics. - Use channels as they are intended. Admins will politely direct you to the correct channel if you have gotten lost. Read the description of the channels, and heed any rules they may have. - Respect the admins when they give you warnings or steer the conversation away from a topic. - Use common sense about your actions, just because it’s not listed here doesn’t mean you won’t be reprimanded for a behavior that is considered against the rules. - ‘Salting’ other groups or players can and will result in warnings and bans. - To gain access to our server tag a moderator in the welcome lounge and post either your DeviantArt account or a Dragon that you own from Souls-Between! - To Gain access to the Adult Channel, tag a moderator. Understand that by asking for this role you are being truthful that you are 18 years of age or older. If you are found to not be 18 years of age and have asked for this role, you will be given a third strike automatically. Staff Interaction and Staff Rules - Be patient and kind to each other, both players and staff. We interact heavily and it goes a long way to be nice and communicate politely. - Mini modding or otherwise trying to do admin duties while not a staff member is not permitted. Please let staff handle it! - Should you have a problem with a staff member, please contact a developer directly! We will work with both parties to resolve the parties. - Staff are expected to follow our Staff Working Agreement and NDA which is available to them 24/7. Bans and Warnings Bans and warnings are generally held on a case by case basis. Developers are the only members of staff who have the authority to ban players, however all staff members can issue a warning. - Warnings are a three strike system! If you have three strikes, and then you get another warning, you will receive a ban depending on the severity. Bans come in different levels: - General - 24 hour ban. This is for minor things and usually equals the time out/shhh role in our discord. - Moderate - A two day ban from the game's outlets. Take some time to cool off because you probably were already banned before or you've gone off on some staff/players. - Severe - A week ban, usually becuase you're breaking rules on purpose. Continuing to break these same rules ends up with a month long ban. - Permanent - You're a danger to the community in some form, and are not welcome in the group. - Warnings, or "strikes" are not permanent! Having good behavior and appealing a strike is the best way to get a strike removed from your name. To appeal a strike, submit a claim or note to a developer and we will review your strike and determine if it should be removed. This goes for warnings you feel are made in error, or without enough evidence/warrant for one. - The only bans that are permanent are those that involve people who are a danger to the community. Being violent towards community members with threats, stalking, or other criminal activity will get you a permanent ban. Along with this, known scammers are permanently banned. Ownership of Characters and Items The ownership of character does not give you rights to the species! Instead you have rights o the characters and the designs you create for your dragons! Under no circumstances will the ownership of a dragon be removed from you over being banned! - Dragons belong to their owners and can only be owned by one player at a time. Bouncing character ownership back and forth is not allowed. - Dragons may be traded to other players freely, be it for money, art, or a trade of other digital goods. - Dragons obtained from the adoption center may not be traded until they are of Ancient Rank (previously it was Primoridial rank). - Advent dragons that are purchased may not be sold for more than they were bought for + the value of any artwork created for them. - Bullying others over dragons have purchased or otherwised obtained is prohibited. - Harrassing members to sell their characters, slots, genos, or other items in the game is prohibited. - Characters marked as Deceased may not be used in the game activities, however, you can "revive" a character the same way you deceased them. - To decease a character, send in a claim wishing to decease the character. Understand that this means they cannot particpate in activities!Any slots written out to players for the dragon will be uphelp and allowed to be used, be it nesting or leasing. (Leasing permission cannot be "infinite" in this case). - To revive a character, simply do the same for a Deceased dragon. - Deceasing/reviving should not be used for lore purposes (i.e. deceasing your dragon only to revive them later. Just say they are undead!) - Breaking game rules that result in a ban does not remove the character from your ownership, nor does it decease them (previously it deceased them). Instead, you now simply cannot interact with requests or use them in activities with the game. Items are player bound unless otherwise stated or applied to a dragon. - Items can be traded freely among players so long as they are not in use on a dragon (activity submissions, on imports, etc) - Items can be sold for their sell price, or more/less. - Coins can only be sold for their sell price in game or lower. They cannot be sold for more than they are worth if purchased from the game. - Users who are permanently banned from the game may sell/gift/trade their items (and dragons) as they would have no use for them. Handling Harrassment and Abuse We take harassment, bullying, and all other forms of abuse very seriously! If you see it happening, if it is happening to you, please speak up and inform staff or a developer! Player safety is always our number one concern when it comes to the community! - Do not use our outlets to spread drama about other players or groups! Keep it in private spaces and only for those who need to be involved. - If you are being harrassed or otherwise bullied in any form by another member please alter staff or a developer. We will handle it and put an end to it to the best of our ability. Cases of abuse and harassment are not taken lightly. All members are encouraged to bring any case of harassment or abuse to the admin team and group. The admin team will review both sides and make a determination. Harassment and abuse, be it verbal or otherwise, is not taken lightly and can result in banishment if severe enough. Name calling, hate-speech, discrimination of any kind, cyber-bullying, or otherwise is grounds for being removed from the game. These rules carry over to the discord, the website, and any other platforms that Souls-Between is using to facilitate game play, discussion, or other business. Anything involving the game assets or mechanics of Souls-Between in an argument can be considered grounds for admin involvement in a situation of harassment. We ask you try to work out problems amongst yourselves, but if staff is necessary to be involved, simply let us know and we will step in to help! Group Seasonal Sales and Selling Among the Communtiy Group Seasonal Sales Souls-Between hosts Four standard sales per year called "Seasonal Sales". Each sale is done once per season and will often last an entire month. On most occassions these sales have specific things for sale and the quantity per player. However, all of these sales follow the same standard of rules. - "Add on" items (coat types, markings, base coats, etc) that are upgrades cannot be used on existing dragons, current unregistered customs, or for future customs/dragons. They must be purchased and used for a dragon you obtain in that sale. - All purchases must be completed within 24 - 48 hours unless a payment plan is agreed upon. Failure to pay your invoices on time may result in your orders not being accepted for a season, or longer. - Payment plans have to have a downpayment, with up to three months time to pay off the plan for large orders. We are very generous, so just ask and give us an idea of your plan! - Sales where a dragon species or item was not available cannot be used to obtain these items. I.e. Sapiere dragons were not available during the 2020 Summer sale, and cannot be redeemed as a custom/egg or slot permission (outside of specific cases) from prior sales. Advent Dragons and Midnight Sun Advent dragons are special dragons that often break rules in their markings or design, or may have special features you can't get normally. This can be anything from a shade of base coat not available, to things such as special edits or markings that are recessive that look dominant. Advents are obtained sometimes in sales, but often times are raffled to the community without the need for USD! - Advent dragons cannot have do-over kits applied, only touch up kits. - Advent dragons can be edited with large and small item kits - Advent dragons sold for USD cannot be sold for more than the original selling price + the value of their artwork. Midnight Sun refers to Ravagers and Greater Emperors that came from the closed species "Eon-Eclipse." Only a few exist, but those that do are given the midnight sun mutation so that their base colors are explained. These dragons are only giving markings based on what they have, and only customs (registered and not registered) and registered dragons can be transferred to Souls-Between. - These dragons can be sold/traded/etc to and within the community. - Their designs must be as close to the original design as possible. - All of these dragons have the following geno template: - Sex chosen by player, Ravager Wyvern (Greater Emperor in the case of Emperors), Timid or Aggressive Temperament, Healthy - Common Coat, Traits Listed (Ravager), or 1 Common and 1 Uncommon (Emperor), only listed mutations if they are in Souls-Between - Umber Base Coat (Uu/hh/oo/vv+) and any markings they have that match current Souls Markings. If no match can be found/etc you will be allowed to design them with a choice of mark that fits best (case by case basis). - No breaths/skills (these weren't available in Eon Eclipse) - Second Generation unless they have a lineage available - These dragons are not given color modifier markings for their base coats, but can present the color of their coat regardless that they are Umber (i.e. green base coat, but not Jade in geno/pheno). As of 8/4/2020 (and prior to it), Midnight Sun is not an obtainable mutation in any other form, as dragons that break rules for designs fall under the "Advent" Category. Souls-Between features a community led market, where dragons, items, genos, and dragon nesting slots are traded among the communtiy for in-game items/currency, real world currency, other dragons or slots, and creations (Artwork/literature,etc). While the seasonal sale guide exists to price customs and other items, players are encouraged to use their knowledge of the current state of the market to price their items and goods in a fair manner. Staff and Developers do not dictate the prices players must adhere to! You are free to price your belongings how you wish. However, the staff does wish to make clear a few rules regarding the sales and safety of certain items and the players purchasing items! - Sales Journals - The DeviantArt group allows sales journals to be posted and accepted to the group. - Journals must involve selling, buying or otherwise handling Souls-Between goods, creations, etc. - Crowd Funding is allowed, however we ask that if you are posting these to the group you keep your sensitive information limited. - Journals that are clearly for other groups are not allowed -- We are a group about Souls-Between, please respect this and take other ARPGs/etc that are not involved with us to the respective groups! This does include generic dragon art, only our stuff please! - Journals can be reposted to the group every 24 hours. - Raffled Rewards can only be gifted or traded unless money was involved in obtaining them, in which case they can be sold for what you got them at + any additional value from creations tied to them. - Adopted Dragons can only be sold/gifted/traded when they reach Ancient Rank (prior to this it was Primordial). This is to keep them from being flipped quickly back to the community for money. Adopted dragons are free to the community, and players can adopt one dragon from the adoption center once per month. - Be Responsible! Keep track of your sales records and make smart choices in buying and selling. If something doesn't seem safe, it might not be! Developers and Staff can only do so much, but we cannot compensate you for time or real world currency. - Selling Slots to Dragons has a few parts to it. Dragons obtain nesting slots by obtaining their nesting rites, and then ranking up. A dragon has only so many slots per rank until Primordial in which they will have unlimited. - It is highly encouraged to utilize the website page for your dragon to track written slots! We only track used slots! - You cannot sell slots you do not own/have. There is only one exception to this rule, and it is in the case of unlocking slots (nesting rites, creations to level the dragon, etc). - Slots can be written to other players in the Nesting Permissions journals/areas. - The max amount of slot permission you may post per a comment is Five. - Unlimited till x/etc slots are not permitted, however we do allow players to make these deals. You just can't write the nesting permission as such. - Posting a lot of permission that are 5 per user to get around the rule is prohibited, just right a new one as it is needed! - Abide by the rules of a slot permission, if the seller says you can't sell/trade/gift it, you cannot do so, etc. - We only accept slot permissions that are posted in official avenues (nesting permission journal/etc). Screenshots/etc are not enough and will not be accepted as they can be faked and not tracked. - The group features full and split nesting - A split is classified as a nesting where two parties are getting something out of the nesting. You get 2 per month (+1 with book of Empyrean) - A full is classified as a nesting where all the results go to you and no one else is involved (outside of slot perms). You get 3 per month (+1 if you are Master Rank, +1 if you use a Book of Empyrean). - Wording full slot permissions such as "if you get x trait It goes to me" etc is not prohibited, and will classify as a "split" slot. - Demanding you get a slot to dragons hatched from your given permissions is not prohibited as we cannot enforce this rules (and will not). Artwork, Literature, and Other Creations Souls-Between hasa Zero Tolerance Policy on Plagarism! This goes for art and literature pieces and all forms of artwork submitted to the group. This also includes Dragon Imports! Copying someone elses design will require you to change the design and you will be given a warning. Credit those you take inspiration from if you reference their work! This is important and fosters a community of learning and trust and even includes referencing or using another artists Style of artwork! - Copying or otherwise referencing another person's character imports too heavily is not allowed and grounds for rejection in design approval. If you are caught doing this multiple times, you may be banned from import approval, or the game. - If you are caught stealing designs from other ARPG species the same rules apply. - Changing import information after approval but before upload in an effort to include above PG-13 information will result in a warning. - Stock images/photos/bases/other media is not allowed for events, quests, or otherwise facilitated activities of the group. They are allowed for your own personal use or artwork, and provided they are credited appropriately, will be allowed in the game. - All works must be unique. If we find you are using the same works or too similar works for activities, we will reject it and inform you of why. - The exception to this is "your character/dragon here" bases (they can't be used for activites/etc if you are reusing the base) - Images that do not meet minimum requirements for activities or full experience points will be either rejected or halved in experience value respectfully. While we understand certain disabilities and handicaps, we must hold everyone to the same standard of rules. However, we are more than willing to look at our policies and accomodate where we can if a requirement is to high!

Thursday, April 7, 2016 Discount Armageddon is a book I've wanted to read for a while, mainly due to the cover and the premise. The idea of supernatural creatures living among us has always appealed to me, and with wanting to try more urban fantasy this seemed like a good place to start. So I gave this one a try and I'm glad I did. Verity Price is a ballroom dancer and a cryptozoologist- someone who studies cryptids or supernatural beings. She does the former because she loves it and the latter because it's the family business. They broke off from a group called The Covenant years ago and live on the west coast, but Verity is in Manhattan auditioning for dance competitions and patrolling the night in her off hours. Verity practices free running and uses it to run the rooftops of Manhattan, and she also works at a strip club populated by cryptids. She knows most of the cryptid population but when women start disappearing in the city and a Covenant hunter shows up, she knows something's up. Dominic De Luca is the hunter and doesn't take to Verity at first- his order considers her family traitors, but when they have to join forces of course the sparks fly. I liked Verity and Dominic a lot- he's kind of the straight man to her snark. She's attracted to him even though she thinks she can kick his ass, and their relationship is a lot of fun. They constantly have weapons hidden on their person and it's fun seeing them try to outmaneuver the other. Plus the side character Sarah is awesome- she's a cryptid telepath who is also Ver's cousin, and her powers come in handy several times. I'd like to see more of her. And I have to mention the mice- yes Ver has a mouse population in her apartment, but these mice worship her as their priestess and are constantly dragging her into their religious observations. Hilarious. The book started a little bit slow for me and it took a little while for it to build up steam. I liked the cryptids living in Manhattan angle but there were almost too many- with something like this I think less is more. Still there was a nice range of creatures- we get nagas, gorgons and harpies, among others. Also the tone is pretty snarky throughout, so if you like that you'll love this, but if you like your narrative a little more serious it may wear on you after a while. Just depends what kind of urban fantasy you like I guess. I liked it- not perfect, but intriguing enough I'll definitely continue with the series.

Alternate Perceptions Magazine, November 2021 An Interview with Jimmer Hardy, author of DAMON by: Brent Raynes Jimmer Hardy’s DAMON launches his readers into a mysterious world of unparalleled, pulse-pounding high-strangeness. It’s a genuine page-turner with endless plots that pull you into a mind-boggling storyline that could give Stephen King the shivers. During my reading of this fictional masterpiece, I couldn’t help but imagine what awesome movie magicians like Steven Spielberg, George Lucas or J.J. Abrams could produce. When Hardy sent me a review copy of DAMON, he scribbled out this message: “Here’s hoping your non-fiction, analytical mind has room to enjoy this fanciful Keelian romp.” For those who may wonder what Keelian means, Hardy dedicated this book “to the mirth, mind and memory of John A. Keel.” Born in 1930 as Alva John Kiehl in Hornell, New York, he moved to New York City in 1947 to become a professional writer. In the UFO and paranormal field, we simply came to know him as John A. Keel. His best-known book The Mothman Prophecies (1975), describes his investigations in and around Point Pleasant, West Virginia in 1966 and 1967 of UFOs, psychic manifestations, and a birdman with red eyes, nicknamed Mothman. The book became a motion picture in 2002 which starred Richard Gere playing the Keel role. In Hardy’s alternate universe Keel is named Alva Jacob Keely, who prefers to be called Jake. Anyone who has been a fellow student or reader of Keel will recognize a variety of similarities in the fictional Keely and the real man. For example, right off the bat they’re both pipe smokers, and Jake calls paranormal beings ultra-terrestrials and elementals, as John Keel did. He also used the term Supermind, seeing these things as an interconnected network. Keel investigated Bigfoot reports, birdmen with red eyes, and mysterious Men in Black captors, just like Jake. The word transmogrify turns up where an energy form becomes a solid object, a term the real Keel used. Both were writers and both thought outside the proverbial box about these phenomena, perceiving an interdimensional, shape-shifting reality to these entities and manifestations rather than going along with the mainstream belief that UFOs were extraterrestrial “nuts and bolts” spaceships visiting earth. The term control system jumps out at you too, plus the mention of author Patrick Harpur and psychologist Carl Jung and his focus on archetypes. And, of course, the real Keel and Hardy’s Keely share the realization that there is something very dark and deceptive behind these occurrences, caused by an untrustworthy presence that must be respected. Hardy’s Jake Keely has a lot of things going for him that John Keel didn’t. Keely is supported by a rich young benefactor, plus a tech-savvy and dedicated staff. The real Keel struggled financially [as do many writers] and I recall him at some point complaining how he sure could have used a secretary. At any rate, Hardy very effectively crafts Jake Keely’s staff, all of them fully supportive, fully realized friends and I really enjoyed and liked them. They’re the kind of associates any of us would feel grateful to have, especially when confronting serious trials and tribulations. And, as the plot thickens, and all hell breaks loose the end of the human race faces a diabolical being, an ancient being called Damon. In fact, I dare say, they face an Old Testament style fire and brimstone hellish nightmare that descends upon the human condition leaving Jake and his crew to confront an unholy wrath and the end of humanity. It doesn’t get any more gripping and suspenseful than this. Perhaps in the future – perhaps 2075 – we’ll be able to put it all together, comprehend the rules of the reality game, then once and for all connect the dots and bridge the chasm that has long existed between science and spirituality. DAMON connects those dots with unrelenting zeal, fun and goosebumps, as you will experience for yourself. An Interview with DAMON author Jimmer Hardy Brent Raynes: Jimmer, please tell us a little about yourself. Jimmer Hardy: I’m a dislocated Midwest boy who ended up in Arizona, high in the foothills of the Rockies. On my mother’s side were artists, saturated in creativity and heady things. On my dad’s were working-class tough guys who were independent and family loyal. I’m a blend that got into graphic design and worked hard, ranging from twenty-years of studio work to my own design office. As a startup and a rabid golfer, working over a decade with the PGA TOUR was a dream fulfilled. Our relationship was two time zones away, all Internet based, thousands of pdfs were sent. And during those independent years, alongside periods of intense work were periods of waiting for meetings to be held and judgments to be served. During those down times I’d wander the internet and eventually landed on a blog site called The One Truth, hosted in the UK, located by the URL: jandeane81.com; filled with friendly, amicable folks who had lots of questions and were seeking answers. I started a thread called, Sasquatch Vocalizations. This was the time after the Rick Dyer hoax and my discovery of Mike Paterson’s recordings of a Sasquatch family. I mean, really, who isn’t fascinated with this subject? Quickly the thread grew lots of posts, links and videos as we shared the findings of pioneers running the gambit from Dr. Grover Krantz, John Mack, to MK Davis; fast becoming a clearinghouse for anything remotely connected to Bigfoot and the mysterious. Eventually, Mike Paterson himself joined us as we witnessed firsthand his evolving story and his disastrous run-in with his once friendly host. If you’re not familiar with that part of his story, consider yourself lucky; the fallout was brutal. (Sadly, much of his videos are now behind a paywall) During those times I needed to periodically remind myself to remain focused on what kept the office lights on, yet the passion grew as I continued to mine the Internet for content. And as I did, I kept running into references to a guy who was new to me: John A. Keel. Invariably, many of those paranormal or cryptid articles include the line: ‘much like John Keel believed.’ That reference had tons of variations. Eventually, I took the plunge, potluck. Having seen the movie, I thought I knew the Mothman Prophecies story (which it turns out I did not) and so I dove headlong into the deep end of the pool, The Eighth Tower. Fast forward: Mind blown and everything looked different. Brent Raynes: What about Keel’s writings drew you in and, well, blew your mind? Jimmer Hardy: First off, Keel is fun to read and a great communicator. I once read a correspondence of his with a scientist. It was startling how technical and nearly incomprehensible it was, proving to me he knew how to connect with the broadest of readers, while having the ability to converse with the headiest of academics. John Keel was a genius who wrote for the masses. When I finished The Eighth Tower I not only realized the magnitude of what I had read, I felt a sense of relief, like the secret world was now revealed in a way that allowed me to relax and accept the paranormal as a tangible, yet mysterious thing. And while I now accept that we are not allowed to know, Keel’s unified theory of the paranormal provides an appreciation of how little control we have and that we must relax and enjoy the show that is meant expressly for us. Turns out they are showoffs with plenty of time on their hands with a message as old as humankind: there is something greater to respect, so don’t get bull-headed or cocky—or else. Once that sinks in, it’s humbling and liberating. Keel, the great liberator. Plus, I admire his moxie. Brent Raynes: So then what was your motivation to write this extraordinary novel about a futuristic Keel-type character based on the real Mr. Keel's unique journalistic career and his explorations into high-strangeness like the so-called Mothman, the MIB, and the UFO contactee enigma? Jimmer Hardy: I was shocked that Keel had few great photos or portraits taken of him. Considering his global impact, I found that strange and a bit sad. He was a humble guy who had and is today changing the world and little personal insights of his life exists and that’s unfortunate. After my first novel, Time Box, which told a story of our human origins, I wanted the next novel to be based on the paranormal: a relatable, fresh take on good vs. evil. Much like the old western novels that created heroes, I wanted to create homage to Keel, although written for all audiences, the informed, the uninformed, the young and the old. It felt queasy and a bit disrespectful sticking the real JAK into a fictional story, until the main character became his doppelganger, his spitting image with many similarities along with story driven differences. I figured that would work, like making Jake Keely a disenchanted psychologist whose business card reads: NOT AN AUTHORITY ON ANYTHING. Some will get it, while others might chuckle. The novel, Damon, was written as a fictionalized homage to the real guy who changed (saved) the world. Writing about true evil was another speed bump for me. I did not want the book to be a grotesque rendering that produced nightmares; that’s not me. While there are shocking, cringe worthy scenes, the peppered humor is meant to provide emotional relief, just like real life. And it was off to the races once I landed the theme: The Hardy Boys and Nancy Drew Fight the Demon. I believe we’ve all been touched by high-strangeness. Some brush it off as oddities and nothing more, while others are deeply touched and never forget. I’m the latter. As a sick, ten-year old, one morning I awoke, glanced up and focused on a figure poking out from behind a window curtain. The open window was screened against ravenous midwestern mosquitoes and other exterior intruders. Across from me, above my sight line, peered a hunched cartoon figure whose fingers gripped the windowsill. It was not cute or cuddly and was not large as only its head, shoulders and fingers were visible, the rest hidden behind the parted curtain. Dressed in a tight fitting black and white striped, long-sleeved tee, its white face was shaped like an African shield whose rounded top tapered to a sharp point, less than a foot long. It’s eyes were dark and squinted, though I don’t remember that clearly. But its sharp, long nose and Cheshire toothy grin were unforgettable and cartoon-like. The hidden parts were dimensional enough to make an impression in the curtain. Movements were slight, short jogs up and down as if tense and antsy. To my right, it briefly glanced at the other bed and my sleeping brother, and then returned to me. Awake and not dreaming, it was as real as it could be, just cartoon-like. After being stunned for several seconds, I looked away towards my brother and shut my eyes; turning back it was gone. Not scared or disturbed, I fell back asleep, yet never forgot. Ten years ago, or so, two days after Christmas, I was up early, still on my two time zone routine. As coffee perked, I went out for the paper. It was reverse twilight; the air was crisp and biting as I bent for the paper at the end of the driveway. Just light enough to scan the daily headline, I turned and glanced down the road that dipped down toward a wallow and at something out of place. Across from a neighbor’s mailbox was a tall, elongated diamond shape, maybe eight to nine feet in height. At first, I figured it was a late Christmas decoration until I realized it was out over the road, suspended in midair. The edges were wispy and fuzzy; the body was tangerine yellow with a darker core. I squinted to recognize something normal about it but couldn’t. A minute later, the chill reminded me I wanted a warm cup of coffee and went inside. Later that day, I kicked myself for not grabbing a camera. When I checked, it was gone. Two mornings later, something else happened, something different. Going for the paper, the moon was low over the mesa across the road. Next to it, off right, a series of smoky, intertwining thin trails descended. The moon seemed to illuminate the gray ribbons, too bright for the dark sky. Above it, no source or cause was apparent. There were five or six of them. The leading end of each smoke trail was a glowing ember-like object, like something burning. That time I stayed and studied it, wondering if it was a plane accident or midair explosion of some sort, but the trails and embers fell too slowly, nearly motionless. Minutes later, the display was still there, never reaching the ground. That time I didn’t worry about recording it. The following mornings, the paper reported nothing out of the ordinary, no air disaster, tragedy, or anything remotely close. And that was it, no odd experiences since then. I had been served.

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David Murdock: Josh Gates has my dream job OK, I’m not really thinking of giving up my teaching gig, but a man named Josh Gates has my dream job. Gates is a television personality who currently hosts a program titled “Expedition Unknown” on the Travel Channel. Before this program premiered back in January, Gates was most famous for hosting “Destination Truth” for five years on Syfy Channel. He also published a cool little book along the way, “Destination Truth: Memoirs of a Monster Hunter.” Both “Expedition Unknown” and “Destination Truth” follow a similar format. Gates presents the gist of a famous legend and then takes off to the locale to see if there is any truth in it. The main difference between the two shows is the exact nature of the legend. “Destination Truth” was about the paranormal, the supernatural, the cryptozoological, and the just plain weird. Gates had a team with him in that show, and they went looking for just about every cryptid animals I’d ever heard of, and a lot I’d never heard of. They searched for Bigfoot, the Yeti, the Yowie, the Chupacabra, the Lizard Man, the Jersey Devil, the Orang Pendek, every lake monster imaginable and every sea monster unimaginable, and occasionally they went ghost hunting. And they looked at all the variations, too. Bigfoot here and Bigfoot there, for example, and Bigfoot everywhere Bigfoot has ever been seen. The team Gates had was fairly fun, and many of them went on to host their own shows. Jael de Pardo and Erin Ryder have appeared on several other shows, for example. The team always had good chemistry and was enjoyable to watch. Now, I’ll watch paranormal shows all day, but I like some better than others. They’re really going to have to show me something for me to believe what they’re talking about, to be honest. Most paranormal shows do not. There will be a noise, and the hosts will claim that it’s something paranormal when it plainly is not. I’ll never forget the time one of my favorite ghost hunting shows tried to pass off a cat meowing as the voice of a little girl ghost calling for help. Come on, guys! Just because you cannot explain it does not make it paranormal. The difference between most paranormal shows and “Destination Truth” was the sense of humor. Gates obviously wasn’t taking a lot of it seriously and was slyly humorous about the whole thing. He was honest enough to look into a paranormal claim, and that show is one of the few actually to produce some solid evidence of something. I still disagree with their interpretation of the footprint they found, but I cannot deny that they cast a strange footprint in plaster. Gates’s new show is far better. “Expedition Unknown” follows him as he investigates more legitimate mysteries by himself. The premiere episode was about Amelia Earhart’s disappearance, and he’s done episodes on Captain Henry Morgan’s lost gold, the legendary Incan city of Paititi, and the Amber Chamber, a Russian masterpiece missing since World War II. He even did a wonderfully riveting episode about a legend in Virginia, the Beale Ciphers. The best part of both of his television shows are the inevitable scenes of Gates’s “getting there.” There always are shots of Gates in the airport, trying to find lost luggage, or Gates trying local cuisine or trying on local attire. There always are long segments showcasing Gates’s obvious delight as he navigates other cultures and explores the sites. The last episode, for example, was about the disappearance of the Mayan Empire, and significant portions of the show featured Gates at a Mexican Day of the Dead celebration and Gates talking to Mexican archaeologists while they dived in cenotes, caverns filled with water containing Mayan artifacts. His book is a good read, too. In stark contrast to other “companion books” to television series, Gates’s book reads more like a personal adventure journal and contains a significant amount of explorations he’s undertaken that were not shown on the television show. He receives my highest praise for a book of that kind — I really feel I got to know the writer. In short, I enjoy watching just about any show that Josh Gates stars in. He seems friendly and curious about the world, and he wants to film it and show it to you, like a buddy telling you about his latest adventures. I wish more television shows realized that viewers really want to like the people they’re watching on television. It would save us from a lot of useless reality shows. If you’re listening, Josh Gates — there are several stories of lost treasures in Alabama. I would really like to see an episode of “Expedition Unknown” filmed in Alabama. We are fully capable of losing your luggage and feeding you exotic cuisine like barbecue. Come down here during the week of the Iron Bowl, and you’ll get all the local culture you care to film. David Murdock is an English instructor at Gadsden (Ala.) State Community College.

“When you go back tell them we are here; we are waiting for them.” Words often heard from people in places in Kenya that have so much to offer the Kenyan tourism circuit but do not get the visitors, domestic or otherwise that they so richly deserve. For some reason during my visit to Nandi County, this time they hit very close to home. Nandi is not only about tea, there’s much more to see. Against all advice (and rightly so) I was still determined to use the Mau- Summit – Londiani – Fort Ternan – Muhoroni – Chemelil Rd and finally climbing the Nandi Escarpment to Nandi Town. To say that there is no road currently existing here would almost be too kind. It was a bad ride; The Muse took this time to perfect the raised eyebrow look. More than once I considered turning back, adventure be damned. The joke continues between Muhoroni and Chemilil. From Chemilil to Nandi Town the road gets slightly better as you climb the Nandi Escarpment, nice views back toward the sugar growing areas. Do not use this route unless you are the adventurous type and have a sense of humor to keep you going. Nandi Bears Golf Club Nandi Bears Golf Club are as elusive as the cryptid they are named after. I even started to doubt their existence, it took me 2 weeks to get a working contact for them. What’s even stranger is when you find the place it couldn’t be more beautiful and the members and staff there make you feel right at home, talk about hiding your light under a bushel. Nandi Bears is a good accommodation option in Nandi town. Its a short 2 minute drive from Nandi Town or a 5 minute walk. There are three self – catering cottages on the very nice grounds. If memory serves me the price was 2,500 per person per night? I disremember. 2 cottages have fireplaces and firewood is provided. Hot water is provided by instant shower which will suffice as the place can get very cold. All linens and towels are provided. The rooms have TVs which are unwatchable either due to size, channel content or poor signal. Rooms are clean enough though. The cottages have kitchens if you decide to go the self – catering way but my advice is to eat at the main clubhouse, good food and drinks are available at very fair prices indeed. However aim to order at least 45min in advance. The club is also home to the greenest greens on a 9-hole golf course. Strangely they also have a very well-kept rugby pitch. Nandi Rock is 60km away from Nandi Town, budget 1hr 30min at the minimum to get there. Half the journey is on a good tarmac road and half on well graded murram roads. Nandi Rock is part of the Bongoje Forest Reserve Reserve in Kaptumek in Nandi South District. The area was set aside for conservation as far back as the 70’s but it was only in 1994 that it was gazetted as a Forest Reserve. I met Mzee Alfred Tum Chairman of the Kaptumek Nandi Escarpment Group Conservancy who gave an interesting talk on the history of the conservancy, the challenges and their plans for the future. I was very glad to hear that a high percentage are local tourists, good news in that regard. From the KWS station at Kaptumek it is another 30 min climb to the the Nandi Rock itself. The way up is rocky and as such open shoes are definitely not advisable. This is a bad photo of the rock, you cant tell how big it is. The escarpment along here was traditionally used for Sieu; a form of ritual suicide practiced by older members of the community. This short aerial video by Philip B. Bauer shows what this area is all about. If nothing else on this page make sure you watch this. Views all along the way of the Nyando plains towards South Nyanza, the shining buildings of Kisumu City and Lake Victoria in the distance. There are also a few caves in the vicinity where apparently Koitatlel Samoei hid during the Nandi Resistance (debatable). The caves were also used to brew traditional beer (believable). There is a campsite next to the KWS station can be arranged here but there are no facilities so campers are advised to be totally self sufficient. Camping is a good arrangement for those wishing to catch the sunrise or sunset from the viewpoints. Security is good and is no cause for concern. - Make your bookings at Nandi Bears in advance. - Carry drinking water and a snack to the rock. Few shops en-route. - Carry warm clothing, the top can get chilly. - If you intend to visit a tea farm, you MUST book an appointment in advance. - Important contacts: Nandi Bears: Joseph – 0710-513105, Nandi Rock: Alfred Tum – 0725-808212, KWS Nandi Station: James – 0724-149893, Guide: Samuel -0724-728778 Lots of talk about opening the Western Circuit, very little action. Its a shame especially where communities have already organised themselves and are ready for any assistance from the National or County level. The Kenya Wildlife Service has gotten the ball rolling by setting up a base here to assist in keeping the reserve free of encroachment ably manned by Sergent James Ondieki, Nancy and Paul, which is a good start but more is required to put such tourism sites on the Kenyan map. That being said it all begins with you who is reading this article. As Kenyans we should not have to wait for wait for glossy brochures, fancy websites or slick sales pitches to arouse our interest in travelling, this country is full of hidden treasures, we just have to seek them out. Mzee Tum is waiting. To read more on the mythical Nandi bear, see here.

4 edition of The Loch Moose monster found in the catalog. The Loch Moose monster |Other titles||Isaac Asimov"s science fiction magazine.| |Statement||foreword by Joan D. Vinge ; edited by Sheila Williams.| |LC Classifications||PS648.S3 L63 1993| |The Physical Object| |Pagination||285 p. ;| |Number of Pages||285| |LC Control Number||91036291| Monster the Loch is the first mass participation boat race on Loch Ness. All human powered boat types are invited to race, but as the weather and the Monster can be unpredictable the boats must be sea worthy. The Loch is 21 miles long, 1 mile wide and who knows how deep!! In , lab technician Gordon Holmes claimed to videotape the Loch Ness monster, but a marine biologist said that while the tape was among "the best footage [he had] ever seen," it was likely an. The Loch Moose Monster in Mirabile. The protagonist finds out what it really is early on, but takes inspiration from the original Nessie and encourages her friends at the Loch Moose Lodge to play it up as a mysterious tourist attraction, complete with deliberately fuzzy photographs and the like, because the people of Mirabile tend to be nervous around new species (with good reason in many cases) and she . Books Best Sellers & more Top New Releases Deals in Books School Books Textbooks Books Outlet Children's Books Calendars & Diaries Audible Audiobooks of results for Books: "Loch Ness Monster". New study suggests mythical Loch Ness monster may be a giant eel While the legend of the Loch Ness monster goes back hundreds of years, . Directed by Michael Landon. With Michael Landon, Karen Grassle, Melissa Gilbert, Melissa Sue Anderson. Kezia doesn't believe in paying property taxes, and it isn't long before Mrs. Oleson decides to foreclose on the property and purchase it for herself as the family's vacation home. Nels objects to the purchase, knowing she had acquired it unfairly and that Kezia would have no place . Graphis Book Design 2 (Graphis Book Design) Women as managers Huggins of Rhodesia The Goat in the Onion Patch (Superbooks/Superlibros) Dialysis keeps people with kidney failure alive... Jean Baptiste Le Moyne Svapnavasavadatta of Bhasa Enclosing the pristine myth Early American decoration Environmental monitoring and assessment program Trumpet of clay Standard method of measurment illustrated Henry Osborne Havemeyer Mechanical stimulation of skeletal muscle generates lipid-related second messengers by phospholipase activation Planting on the Superior National Forest From knights of the Middle Ages persecuting men with new ideas to geneticists populating virgin planets, this collection of 14 fascinating science fiction stories shows that science fiction is based not only on speculation, but also on the immutability of human nature/5. Loch Moose Monster, The Hardcover – February 1, by Isaac Asimov (Author) See all formats and editions Hide other formats and editions. Price New from Used from Hardcover "Please retry" $ $ $ Hardcover $Author: Isaac Asimov. The Loch Moose Monster by Isaac Asimov and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at - Loch Moose Monster, the by Asimov, Isaac - AbeBooks Passion for books. The Loch Moose monster: more stories from Isaac Asimov's science fiction magazine by Williams, SheilaPages: Get this from a library. The Loch Moose monster: more stories from Isaac Asimov's science fiction magazine. [Sheila Williams;] -- Fourteen short stories taken from a top science fiction literary magazine. /5(44). Anthology Title: The Loch Moose Monster: More Stories from Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine • anthology by Sheila Williams Contents (view Concise Listing) xi • Foreword: Science Fiction Changed My Life (The Loch Moose Monster) • () • essay by Joan D. Vinge; 1 • TV Time • () • short story by Mark L. Van Name. Title: The Loch Moose Monster Title Record # Author: Janet Kagan Date: Type: SHORTFICTION Length: novelette Series: Mirabile Language: English User Rating: This title has no Current Tags: None Add Tags. Incorporating the latest research and “new evidence,” that leads to real answers concerning the monster’s identity, best-selling author Steve Alten weaves a tale of horror about the most publicized and controversial creature ever to exist. Signed MEG Posters For. The Loch Ness Monster, or Nessie (Scottish Gaelic: Uilebheist Loch Nis), is a cryptid in cryptozoology and Scottish folklore that is said to inhabit Loch Ness in the Scottish is often described as large, long-necked, and with one or more humps protruding from the water. Popular interest and belief in the creature have varied since it was brought to worldwide attention in The Loch Ness Monster is a myth that I have knowed for ages and it was really cool to read it in this book. There were lots of different things in this book like possible things that the Loch Ness Monster could be. (Or maybe the Loch Ness Monster really does exist!!!) And there were also fake things of the Loch Ness Monster too. =)Reviews: The Loch Moose monster by Sheila Williams, unknown edition, The Loch Moose monster: more stories from Isaac Asimov's science fiction magazine (edition) | Open Library Donate ♥. LC Class. PSL L63 The Loch is a science fiction novel and Legal thriller by Steve Alten, and was first published in The novel is the story of marine biologist Zachary Wallace. Richard Brassey is the author and illustrator of a host of colourful and original non-fiction books for children, among them the bestselling NESSIE THE LOCH NESS MONSTER and THE STORY OF SCOTLAND, which won the TES/SALTIRE SOCIETY AWARD. He lives in Essex. Visit his website at s: With Jim McMeekin, Laura Fraser, Siobhan Finneran, Don Gilet. The search for a serial killer becomes a matter of life and death for detective Annie. Explore our list of Loch Ness monster Books at Barnes & Noble®. Receive FREE shipping with your Barnes & Noble Membership. Our Stores Are Open Book Annex Membership Educators Gift Cards Stores & Events Help Auto Suggestions are available once you type at least 3 letters. Use up arrow (for mozilla firefox browser alt+up arrow) and down arrow. We all know that the tale of the Loch Ness Monster lurking in the dark expanse of Loch Ness in the Highlands is not just a tale. Nessie does really exist, and there are over 1, eye witness accounts and lots of unexplained evidence, leaving scientists baffled. Scooby-Doo. Read Along Storybook, Read Aloud Story Books, Scooby-Doo. - Skeepaway Camp - Duration: JL Educational TV 3, views. A photograph of Loch Ness has got people excited that it could show the elusive Nessie. It shows the back of an animal in the water, with the image too far away to tell if it is scaly or otherwise. I think of the waterhorse as a time traveller as well, going back and forth into the future. Thus, the sitings of the Loch Ness monster in the 20th century. Claire and the waterhorse are birds of a feather, no. There was a special connection between them that was unspoken, but understood. Apple Books Preview. The Loch Ness Monster Myths and Legends of Colm Cille. Gillian Lowe and Others8 Ratings; Publisher Description. Standing on the southern bank, Colm Cille ponders the situation, then declares cheerily: "The water's too deep for us to wade through, and it'll take us too long to walk around the Loch. Who fancies a swim?".Loch Ness monster, large marine creature believed by some people to inhabit Loch Ness, Scotland. However, much of the alleged evidence supporting its existence has been discredited, and it is widely thought that the monster is a myth. Learn more about the Loch Ness monster. New scientific study suggests Loch Ness Monster 'might' be real. Researchers analyzing the biodiversity of Loch Ness are unable to rule out the existence of the Loch Ness Monster.

Let me introduce how you can participate in the Governance with your MCH Coin. You can vote with your ETH address. So you don’t need to log in to MCH. What we are aiming for We want to make the world the users can change the system and concept by themselves. From Nov 9th: Land can get 50% of trade fee as the Land Revenue We want users to propose the Governance like “We should change the ratio to 45% or 55%”. We will prepare some proposals firstly until we finish implementing the proposal function from users. These proposals from us are to give users where you can vote. From now on, we will explain how you can vote with your MCH Coin and how to propose it. These rules are subject to be changed by the Governance, of course. The basic rules of the Governance How MCHC works 1 MCH Coin has one vote. Decimals are not considered. Also, if you have one or more MCHC, you can participate in the voting! ・We have two plans like below: You can choose “Yes” or “No.” You can choose 1 in 4 choices maximally. The voting won’t punish your MCHC. At the end of the voting term, if you participate, your MCHC in your wallet and staked on uniswap will be counted as your vote power. To take care of the case that MCHC will be moved to the other users, we don’t count at the time you choose. Voting will be conducted off-chain, considering the gas fee. Cp will be awarded for ten times the amount of MCHC voted. ※If you have no MCH accounts, you can get the Cp when you create the MCH account with the address. How to approve The proposal needs to meet the requirement to be approved. The total amount of voting reached 3% or more of the total issued coin at that time. If it doesn’t, the proposal won’t be approved. If it reaches, the choice that can get more voting will be approved. When some Coins are burned by sent to the uncontrollable address, it doesn’t affect the total issue. Also, the burned number won’t be excluded. How to propose We will get a variety of proposals to make the user-generated world come true. The requirement you need to meet is below to propose: You need to have 1% or more Coins of the current total It’s impossible to create new content that needs a lot of employees or budget. To tell possible and impossible things, we will set up a forum where the user community can discuss the proposal. I hope those who have the right to propose, please discuss it there, and give us the proposal. It’s possible to propose the impossible plan to us. Then we will offer the idea that we can achieve it as possible, but we may ask you to change or cancel it. ※We will explain an impossible proposal later. Mainly, the proposal that leads to misleading representation or needs huge budget, > Current User Suggested Rules Delegation of voting There may be someone who wants to delegate your voting right to the other user. So, we will prepare these functions. You can delegate your right to 1 specific address. You can remove the delegation after 24 hours. When you delegate your right to someone, the user can use all your coins to vote for the user’s choice. But if the user you delegate to doesn’t vote, your coins also are not used. When you delegate your right to someone, you can get voting incentives. If a delegated address sets up yet another address as a delegator, up to 100 delegators will be valid. You can’t delegate your right to the user who already delegated it to someone. How we, MCH team, participate in the voting. We don’t participate in the voting actively because we think it’s better that all decisions should be decided by the user community. But, There may be some proposals the lead to dismal consequences for MCH. Then, we will reveal our thoughts and vote to “no.” Of course, we can assure you that if the proposal is approved, it will be conducted. The content you can propose You can propose anything unless that doesn’t meet them. Proposals that violate the rules Proposals for illegal activities Proposals that are difficult for our funding/operational development These requirements will be subject to change. Phase1: The Governance rule of about numerical change The basic requirement These are the requirements you need to meet when you propose something. Concrete, obvious proposal. The voting term（minimumly two weeks） When the proposal will be implemented（minimaly one week） We need to one week minimally to implement and prepare The unchangeable term after the approval（up to the proposal） The proposer can decide it. When you set the long term, it may get disapproval because users may think that we can’t do anything for the unexpected accident. It’s up to users. But we need to keep track of the performance, so it’s better to set 1 month minimally. What you can’t propose The number of Heroes. Lord revenue percentage of 30% The proposal violates the King’s right. Changed the condition for becoming King: “10% or more”. Downward revision of sold hero performance What you can propose Change the burn ratio of GUM The number of each content. The number of Battle Lab affection in Colosseum The max HP of Guardian Cryptid in each fort. Phase2: The change of priority and the rule in each content(From February) In Phase2, you can propose the rule and priority of development. But the proposal like below won’t be approved. The proposal that needs a huge budget Marketing or Collaboration with the other company. We will publish how you can propose later. About the proposal that needs a lot of tasks It’s impossible to do all proposals if they need a lot of tasks. So, we will publish the road map, including all proposals that need a lot of tasks, and tell you how we prioritize and how we develop. Of course, then, you can propose the change of priority by Governance.

|[05/27/22 - 03:16 PM] Gather Your Younglings for the "Young Jedi Adventures" Series Set during The High Republic era, the "Star Wars" series is coming to Disney+ and Disney Junior spring 2023. |[05/27/22 - 09:27 AM] discovery+ and ID Highlights - Weeks of June 6 and June 13 New additions include the three-part series "Murdaugh Murders: Deadly Dynasty" on Sunday, June 19. |[05/27/22 - 09:05 AM] New Territory, New Challenges, New Zealand: Parker Schnabel Travels Across the Globe in New Season of "Gold Rush: Parker's Trail" An all-new season premieres Friday, June 17 at 8:00/7:00c on Discovery and streams on discovery+. |[05/27/22 - 08:17 AM] The Sixth and Final Season of Robert and Michelle King's "The Good Fight" to Premiere on Thursday, Sept. 8, Exclusively on Paramount+ The Paramount+ Original series from co-creators Robert and Michelle King is currently in production in New York City. |[05/27/22 - 08:01 AM] Video: "Angry Birds: Summer Madness" Season 2 - Official Trailer - Netflix After School Feathers and sparks fly when young teenagers Red, Chuck, Bomb, Stella and the rest of our favourite Angry Birds characters return for another crazy summer together at Camp Splinterwood! |[05/27/22 - 08:01 AM] Join Jack Osbourne and Actor Jason Mewes on a Wild Backcountry Hunt for the Legendary Cryptid in "Jack Osbourne's Night of Terror: Bigfoot" The two-hour special launches Sunday, June 26 on discovery+. |[05/27/22 - 07:01 AM] Video: "Twist" - Official Trailer - The Roku Channel In modern-day take on "Oliver Twist," a gang of street hustlers plan the heist of the century. |[05/27/22 - 06:11 AM] Video: Starz Reveals New Teaser Announcing the August 14 Premiere Date for Season Two of "Power Book III: Raising Kanan" Set in the early 1990's, the third series in the "Power" Universe tells the origin story of fan favorite character "Kanan Stark" and his entry into the criminal world through his mother, who ruthlessly runs the family's drug empire. |[05/26/22 - 11:33 PM] Development Update: Thursday, May 26 Updates include: Jodie Foster to lead HBO's "True Detective" revival; Ato Blankson-Wood cast in Hulu's "History of a Pleasure Seeker"; and Mitchell Slaggert boards "The Sex Lives of College Girls" at HBO Max. |[05/26/22 - 07:55 PM] The Time for "Obi-Wan Kenobi" Has Arrived... Early Start streaming the first two episodes on Disney+ tonight at 9PM PT. |[05/26/22 - 06:01 PM] Video: "Spriggan" - Official Trailer - Netflix An ancient civilization's relics on Earth hold dangerous powers - it's up to ARCAM Corporation's Spriggan agents to keep them out of the wrong hands. |[05/26/22 - 04:46 PM] Aloha! Milo Manheim Has Been Cast in a Recurring Role on the Second Season of "Doogie Kamealoha, MD" He will play Nico, a street smart teen who has been in and out of hospitals for years and lives life on the edge. |[05/26/22 - 03:00 PM] National Geographic Greenlights Second Season of "Life Below Zero: First Alaskans" Ahead of Its Series Premiere on Monday, May 30, at 8/7c A spin-off of the fan-favorite and multiple Emmy Award-winning franchise, the series brings viewers to the unforgiving Alaskan landscape, giving them the unique opportunity to enter a world that Indigenous Alaskans have inhabited for thousands of years but one which is rapidly changing every day. |[05/26/22 - 02:02 PM] 2022 MTV Movie & TV Awards to Honor Legendary Actor, Comedian and Musician Jack Black with "Comedic Genius Award" He joins an impressive roster of past comedic trailblazers who have received the award, including Melissa McCarthy (2016), Kevin Hart (2015), Will Ferrell (2013) and Sasha Baron Cohen (2021). |[05/26/22 - 01:01 PM] Video: "Surviving Summer" - Official Trailer - Netflix Expelled from school and exiled to Australia, a rebel New York teen makes waves among a young surfer's inner circle - and leaves a mess in her wake.

Skull Faced Stranger Coyote Skull Variant - Cryptid Inspired - 8.5" x 11" Print This drawing was inspired by Cryptid type creatures in mythology. It is a part of a series, and this monster features a Coyote Skull. Made into Augustine the Delightful Demon in 2021! This 8.5" x 11" drawing is printed on Premium Photo Paper, and will be sent to you secured in a crystal clear acid-free poly bag with a stiff cardboard backing. The print will be mailed to you in a high quality stiff cardboard photo mailer. The printed version will not contain a watermark, and printed colors may vary slightly from screen colors. International customers will be responsible for their own Customs Taxes/Fees, should any arise in the shipping/handling process.

This month was an indulgence for me in a way as it includes Cthulhu, who is a Lovecraft eldritch horror. If you are not familiar with H.P Lovecraft, he is one of the founders of modern horror and many of the ideas he came up with have become the basis for horror stories today. Many of his stories involve eldritch creatures from beyond time and space - Cthulhu is a god like being, worshipped and feared by strange and dangerous cults. Lovecraft found little recognition in life and died reasonably young but his ideas and mythos live on in a huge way. Lovecraft invented many monsters and horrors but I felt that could have been too niche for a box so I decided to pair Cthulhu with some of the cryptid horrors from this world. Cryptids are creatures which might exist - there is little evidence to suggest they do for sure but not enough evidence to suggest they don't. Cryptids of all kinds are part of most cultures in the world and have always fascinated me personally - I am very interested in anything weird and supernatural (I even have a monthly subscription to a magazine which covers everything weird in the world!). Anyway on to the box! Lets go through the actual designs that make up the box! We have Cthulhu of course who I've already spoken about and I will talk about him more in a bit. The big blue character is a Yeti, who I'm sure most people are familiar with. A cryptid of the snow and ice, is he the missing link between people and apes? The bunny is a jakalope, a cryptid of Nothern American folklaw. The jackalope has origins all over the world (a horned hare sometimes has one horn like a unicorn or two like mine) back in the mists of time but was probably popularised in the 1930's by a piece of taxidermy. The sea serpent is a common cryptid again with sightings all over the world. These guys pop up in the ocean and in fresh water lakes - are they a remnant of the dinosaurs or a brand new species? My "scary" design for the box is a wendigo. A wendigo is a person converted by greed into an insatiable devourer - usually someone who in real life resorted to cannibalism. They are associated with the winter months and starvation and originally come from North America and Canada. The horse type creature is the Jersey Devil which comes from Jersey in the USA. Legend has it, a woman cursed her 13th child and when it was born, it was a equine devil creature which flew out into the night. There have been many sightings over the years though the descriptions of the creature vary but 1909 saw a real influx of terror with hundreds of sightings been reported. The jersey devil has been reported as being spotted in the 1960's which would make the creature incredibly old - he was supposed to have been "born" in 1735! Lastly, the moth man. I know my moth man design is controversial! Originating in the USA, he usually looks like a shadowy human figure with huge wings. His story begins in the 1960's and has been popularised by movies and books. Here, mine is just a chonky moth Speaking of chonky moths, I made moth man into a sticker. I imagine that even though this guy is pretty cute, he would be huge and would quite easily carry the average person off in his tiny stubbers. Still, he is pretty hairy so it would probably be a warm ride. Here is our pin for this month and it had to be Cthulhu since I love him. This is actually a redesign of an older piece I did many years ago, hopefully there is some improvement here! Whats that I hear you say? I don't do fan art? Yes, you are right, I don't usually touch fan art with a 10 foot art pole because of the legal complications/moral implications (and the fact that my fan art is generally pretty poor). But while Lovecraft was alive, he encouraged other creatives to use his mythos how they saw fit and many have - Cthulhu appears in D&D, mythos elements show up in Hellboy comics/films, even Batman! - The famous Arkham asylum is taken from Lovecraft. And the mythos is now in the public domain which means anyone can use it. So hopefully no legal complications there! The mystery item for this month was a post card. I wanted to fit all the creatures on so went for a weird long shape. I quite like the size actually, its weird so fits the theme! I hope you liked this box if you got one! And thank you so much to you all, this was the best selling Drix box so far!!!! I'm so happy and quite frankly, stunned! Well, next month is October so that means a spooky theme, we are to be haunted by "ghostly goings on"!!! The pin for this box is my most complicated pin design yet and I'm very excited for everyone to see it. Its ghostly but also pretty Halloweeny as well! Thank you all!

When do you need to tell a prospective buyer your house is haunted? Where do you need a license to practice necromancy or to be reincarnated? And where can you file a lawsuit against a supernatural being? These real-life laws will tell you all that and more. Top image from the hilarious comic Supernatural Law by Batton Lash. 1. In some cases, US home sellers must tell a buyer if a property is haunted. There are all sorts of disclosures that home sellers must make to potential buyers, but do you really need a ghost disclosure? Some states require a seller to disclose if a property is “psychologically impacted” in some way, such as from a recent murder on the premises. If your house is famously said to be haunted, however, you may want to make sure the buyer is aware of the situation. In the 1991 case Stambovsky v. Ackley, Helen Ackley had sold her Nyack, New York, property after she and other members of her family had widely reported that the house was haunted by poltergeists. Jeffrey Stambovsky, unaware of the stories surround the house, purchased the home and later sued, requesting rescission of the contract of sale. The New York Supreme Court justices had a field day writing that opinion, stating that the “plaintiff hasn’t a ghost of a chance” and “I am moved by the spirit of equity.” While the court didn’t state that poltergeists actually exist, it did say that, based on wide reports of the house’s haunted status, that its value was affected and therefore the house was haunted as a matter of law. 2. But if you base your horror movie on a “true story” or famously haunted house, you can avoid all sorts of intellectual property issues. Famous mockbuster movie house The Asylum is best known for movies exploit the popularity of other films: Paranormal Entity for Paranormal Activity, Almighty Thor for Thor, Transmorphers for Transformers, and so on. Inspired by the film The Haunting in Connecticut, Asylum made their own Haunting of Winchester House, based on the stories surrounding the Winchester Mystery House in San Jose, California. The corporation that owns the Winchester Mystery House (which had already contracted a studio to make a film based on the property) sued for trademark violation. The California Court of Appeal ruled that, since the name and images of the Winchester House refer not just to the tourist attraction but to the historical and legendary stories surrounding the property, that Asylum had every right to make its own Winchester House film. 3. In San Francisco, you need a license to practice necromancy. There are laws regulating the practice of magical arts around the world, from the tragic laws that see people killed for supposedly practicing witchcraft, to Canada’s laws regulating the “crafty sciences.” But Kevin Underhill of the legal blog Lowering the Bar and author of the wonderfully weird law book The Emergency Sasquatch Ordinance points to a particularly oddball rule in San Francisco. The city of San Francisco offers fortune telling permits (which includes permission to pretend to practice fortune telling), but then goes on to offer a bizarrely inclusive definition of fortune telling that includes necromancy, or the manipulation of the dead. I imagine that certain types of necromantic practice would run afoul of other city, state, and federal laws, however—not to mention laws of nature. 4. In New Orleans, a person may not set forth his or her power to convert bitterest enemies into staunchest friends. It’s no surprise that New Orleans, a city long associated with the practice of Voodoo and the supernatural, has very particular laws governing the use of magic as a business, such as this one: Sec. 54-312. Fortunetelling. It shall be unlawful for any person to advertise for or engage in, for a monied consideration, the business of (chronology, phrenology, astrology, palmistry), telling or pretending to tell fortunes, either with cards, hands, water, letters or other devices or methods, or to hold out inducements, either through the press or otherwise, or to set forth his power to settle lovers’ quarrels, to bring together the separated, to locate buried or hidden treasures, jewels, wills, bonds or other valuables, to remove evil influences, to give luck, to effect marriages, to heal sickness, to reveal secrets, to foretell the results of lawsuits, business transactions, investments of whatsoever nature, wills, deeds and/or mortgages, to locate lost or absent friends or relatives, to reveal, remove and avoid domestic troubles or to bring together the bitterest enemies converting them into staunchest friends. But nothing herein contained shall apply to any branch of medical science, or to any religious worship. However, hiring a priestess to help you win a football game is apparently a-okay. Today, the New York Giants and the New England Patriots battle for football supremacy, while fans… Read moreRead on 5. Different jurisdictions have very different laws governing the hunting of Bigfoot. Want to bag yourself a cryptid? The best place to go is Texas, where the Chief of Staff of the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Law Enforcement Division has said that it’s legal to kill Bigfoot since it isn’t listed by the state as a game animal. But Sasquatch hunting is actually on the books in Skamania County, Washington, where in 1969, the board of commissioners adopted an ordinance declaring the killing of “a nocturnal primate mammal variously described as an ape-like creature or a sub-species of Homo Sapian” a felony, one that could result in a $10,000 fine and five years in the county jail. Cryptid conservationists, be on the alert; it’s officially open season on Sasquatch. According … Read moreRead on And when the US embassy opened in Nepal in the 1950s, the US State Department issued a set of rules for Yeti hunting in the Himalayas. In that case, you were allowed to photograph the creature, but could kill it only in self-defense. 6. If you want to start a construction project in Iceland, you may want to check with the local elves. In Iceland, it’s the supernatural beings that regulate the humans rather than the other way around. This isn’t actually codified, but on an ad hoc basis the committees that oversee construction projects will sometimes delay or divert them so as not to disturb a population of elves. According to a 2005 New York Times article, sometimes a mystic will approach a planning committee to share the elves’ concerns about an imminent project, after which the committee may take those concerns into consideration. Recently, there was a bit of a stir about an “elf lobby” delaying a road construction project, although some later reports indicated that it was a bit of an exaggeration; apparently most of the folks protesting the project were concerned more for the environmental impact than for the elves. Iceland has everything: geothermal heat, a pirate-friendly government, and . . . 13 kinds of elves. … Read moreRead on A lawsuit that halted a new highway in Iceland was filed on behalf of elves. The road construction… Read on gizmodo.com 7. Tibetan Buddhists must apply for a reincarnation license from the Chinese government. Want to become a tulku, one of the enlightened teachers of Tibetan Buddhism? In China, you’ll need to follow State Religious Affairs Bureau Order No. 5 and fill out a reincarnation application. The application will be submitted to the religious affairs department of the provincial-level government, the provincial-level government, State Administration for Religious Affairs, and the State Council. So what happens if you’re reincarnated as a living Buddha without a permit? Your reincarnation is deemed “illegal or invalid.” Bizarrely, China Daily calls the ban on unlicensed reincarnation ” an important move by the government to safeguard religious freedom of citizens according to law.” 8. If you want to perform an exorcism, you should probably do it in Texas. In a rather tragic case, Laura Schubert claimed that when she was 17, members of her church, the Pleasant Glade Assembly of God, performed an exorcism on her against her will and that she received physical injuries and began hallucinating as a result. While a lower court awarded Schubert $300,000 for abuse and false imprisonment, the Pleasant Glade Assembly of God eventually appealed to the Texas Supreme Court, which, in a 6-3 decision, rejected the jury award on First Amendment grounds, saying the case would “unconstitutionally entangle the court in matters of church doctrine.” The US Supreme Court declined to hear Schubert’s appeal. 9. You can’t sue the Devil in the US. Gerald Mayo filed a suit against Satan and his staff, arguing that the Devil had violated his constitutional rights and “caused plaintiff misery and unwarranted threats, against the will of plaintiff, that Satan has placed deliberate obstacles in his path and has caused plaintiff’s downfall.” In a 1971 United States District Court decision, Judge Gerald J. Weber actually puzzled out the jurisdictional issues involved in suing Satan. He noted that, even if Satan were to appear, he would probably be considered a foreign sovereign and would argue that the US court lacked personal jurisdiction over him. He also noted that Mayo’s case would work nicely as a class action lawsuit, provided one could actually sue Satan. Ultimately, though, the case was dismissed because Mayo provided no instructions for serving process on Satan. More recently, Nebraska state senator Ernie Chambers tried to sue God, and fared no better in court. 10. But you can sue a genie in Saudi Arabia. In 2009, a Saudi Arabian family filed suit against a genie in Shariah court, claiming that the genie was leaving harassing voicemail messages, stealing their cell phones, and throwing rocks at them. The head of the court, Sheikh Amr Al Salmi, announced that there would be an investigation into the family’s genie claim, but it’s not clear exactly what a lawsuit against a genie entails or what sort of restitution one can expect.

2021 Cryptid Calendar Twelve all new never before seen paintings with the big guy hidden in them. Some months are very easy, some are not. I've put in literally hundreds of hours creating this for you. Lots of very long days and nights in front of an easel. I feel I've created a fun and very unique gift. I hope you agree. This will be a very limited edition, please get yours today! To order, please used the contact page. At the bottom there is an area for you to provide your contact info. Simply let me know how many you need. I will send you an email using "Square" Square has a way of providing payment and a place to provide the shipping address All shipping in the US is free. UK and Canadian customers please contact me for a shipping cost estimate.

Cryptid: Urban Legends - No. of Players 2 - Age Range Ages 14+ - Mechanism Deduction - Play Time 30-45 Min - Theme Fantasy There's something hiding among us: an elusive cryptid is prowling our city streets. The evidence is clear but, without definitive proof, the scientific community will never believe you. There's nothing else to be done - you must track down this cryptid yourself! Play as a determined Scientist manipulating heat, movement, and sonic sensors to scan the city, identify your quarry's true location, and capture them. Or take the role of a Cryptid, snaking your way through the shadows and back alleys of the metropolis that surrounds you, eliminating all evidence of your existence as you go, desperately avoiding capture. Emerging victorious in this high stakes cat-and-mouse chase, played out across a sprawling urban landscape, will require all your ingenuity and foresight. Cryptid: Urban Legends is a tense asymmetric game of abstract deductive reasoning for two players from the creators of Cryptid. In Store Pickup You purchase your order and instead of us shipping it to you we get your order ready for you to come in to store and pick up

List of all important and cool mythological beasts by Gancanagh22, literature List of all important and cool mythological beasts A list of MOST important and cool Legendary Creatures from Myth, Folklore and Cryptid lists. If you know all from this list you can call yourself a Pure Monster Addict! I wished more computer and card games used all of these monsters. I for one would love a new Lufia-Like game with more adult graphics and all these monsters as cool sprites. I would love good and cool art for all these creatures, too bad most artists only draw the overused vampires, werewolves and greek creatures... I hope more artists draw the less known myth creatures in the future and that Batibats, Karkadanns and Enenra's become just as famous as boring Zombies, Harpies

From the deck of his charter fishing boat Big Mack II, Mickey Daniels pierces minnows baited with cat food onto hooks and plunges them 400 feet into the dark water of Lake Tahoe. It’s 7:47 a.m. on a day when mist slices distant mountaintops and gray clouds swallow the sun. Daniels, a 67-year-old former Placer County law enforcement officer with wind-chapped cheeks, knows every ripple of the lake he’s fished since 1959. But aside from his reputation for landing mackinaws and 30-pound trout, he believes that something else, something larger and more ominous, dwells in Tahoe’s depths. FOR THE RECORD: Tasmanian tiger —An article in Tuesday’s Outdoors section about a mythical creature in Lake Tahoe implied that Australia’s Tasmanian tiger was a mythical animal. The Tasmanian tiger is an extinct animal. Two decades ago, he rumbled his 43-foot boat a half-mile offshore and pointed toward the casinos in Nevada on the lake’s south side. “What’s that?” a passenger suddenly yelled. “It’s not a wake from the boat,” Daniels said, staring. The two peered into the water and watched a wave split into a huge V, as if an enormous head were clearing a path for an enormous tail. And then nothing. These days when Daniels paddles his rowboat out to Big Mack II and dawn blurs sky and shore into Monet-like smudges, he sometimes peers into the dark water, searching for what he saw on that morning long ago. It makes him nervous. At 1,645 feet deep, Lake Tahoe ranks as the world’s 10th deepest lake. Twenty-two miles long and 12 miles wide, it harbors many legends. But perhaps most persistent is the myth of a humped-backed, scaly serpentine the locals call Tessie. “I keep looking,” Daniels says. “In case there is something, I want to see it.” With scant evidence that such crea-tures exist, our forests and waterways still teem with man-made monsters, and Tessie is just that kind of beast — quick to spin off into popular culture, provide good copy for the Weekly World News and compel perfectly reasonable men, like Daniels, to believe she’s out there, lurking. Roots of uncertainty As early mapmakers struggled to decipher the shape of the world, they scrawled notes where they ran out of information: Beyond here lie monsters. Children use this reasoning when they accept the inexplicable, sometimes in the guise of flying reindeer or molar-swiping fairies. Believing in something untrue or unproven does not render the believing itself false. To children, shadows are the edge of the world, and there may be monsters beyond. Perhaps the same logic explains why some have seen Bigfoot, Chupacabra, Yeti and all the other so-called beasts who are tracked by cryptozoologists, the name given to those who study these hidden creatures. “Nature is neither as kind as we want it, nor as evil as we fear,” says Stephen Curley, who teaches literature at Texas A&M University at Galveston. “We like to believe we have tamed nature but cannot deny chronic reminders that nature is red in tooth and claw.” In a lake renowned for its clarity, Tessie seems to emerge from the murk of uncertainty. Her story likely begins several thousand years ago when Washoe Indians summered on the lake’s shores. Shamans believed water babies swam in the glassy green water under sacred Cave Rock. To speak of small, powerful creatures was considered taboo: a water baby could blind a man or kill him. The fear was enough to keep the tribe silent. These were, after all, dangerous times: A prehistoric bird, Ong, nested at the center of the lake, and tribe members warned children against wandering from camp, lest the winged creature kidnap them. After white men arrived at Tahoe in 1844, more myths bubbled. There’s allegedly a hole that drains water underground and into Pyramid Lake east of Reno, and bodies purportedly ditched by gangsters hover untouched until a fisherman reels in a hand with two fingers lopped off. With the lake rumored to hold gold bullion and remnants of a B-29 bomber, it’s a wonder Tessie has room to unfurl. George M. Eberhart’s 723-page dictionary of the undocumented, “Mysterious Creatures: A Guide to Cryptozoology,” lists at least three major sightings of the freshwater monster in the 1980s. One hiker told the San Francisco Chronicle that she spotted something “as big as a rowboat — with little whitecaps coming from where its mouth would be. It surfaced the way a whale does, just kind of pushing up through the water. It seemed very lethargic.” Mike Conway says he saw Tessie too. Conway, who once owned a local TV station and now sells DVDs such as “The Great Brothels of Nevada,” stabs his icy driveway with a shovel, a little man with a shrub of gray curls and heavy eyelids. Tessie, he says, appeared in the mid-’80s during a commercial shoot at Zephyr Cove on the Nevada side of the lake. Conway, now 58, was the location manager, and his crew was filming actors on a romantic stroll. A half-dozen kids lazed on a boat dock, and an 18-foot skiff boat suddenly rocked from a wake. That’s when he saw a brown, humped beast. The kids screeched: “It’s Tessie!” “I believe I yelled ‘cut’ and told them to swing the camera around,” Conway says. So it was filmed? “I heard they destroyed the footage.” “You know. Them.” When news got out, Conway returned home to a message on his answering machine that taunted: “Hey, Mike, you better drive over to Echo Summit. There’s a pterodactyl flying here.” Charles R. GOLDMAN, a leading expert on Lake Tahoe, scheduled a panel on the health of the lake at the University of Nevada, Reno in 1984 — about the same time Conway says he encountered Tessie. Rain pounded the student union’s windows that night but didn’t deter hundreds from packing the auditorium. Perhaps it was the flier that read: Special added attraction: Unidentified Swimming Objects: Is There a Tahoe Monster? More interested in Lake Tahoe’s clarity than its underwater oddballs, Goldman crafted the term USO because he can’t investigate lakes without bumping into one. (An e-mail from 2000 is tacked to his wall that describes how Loch Ness investigators failed to find a single Nessie dropping, which the sender presumes is like elephant dung.) Goldman, 74, has taken a submarine into a narrow canyon 1,000 feet down into Tahoe and hunted for Nessie remains in Scotland. He flips open his laptop in a cramped UC Davis office lined with faded green binders that chronicle a half-century of Tahoe data and peers over his glasses. Goldman debunks the sightings, click by click. See that Tessie egg? A floating baseball. Tessie eyes? Reflected sun. Tessie trail? A paddling beaver. In waves, he says, human eyes see spots of black. Then the mind fills in the blanks. The same thing happens with sudden wakes, which some mistake for a beastly swell. Goldman has a hunch as to Tessie’s pedigree: He thinks it’s a type of fish that records show has grown as big as 1,500 pounds and that crept into Tahoe during trout and mackinaw plantings — an explanation often repeated in shoreline cafes and bait shops. In a book printed in 1612 that Goldman owns, a man cataloged all the sea creatures that he knew to exist. One ghastly sucker is named, in Latin, Acipenser. That monster is the same fish Goldman thinks wriggles below Tahoe: the rather common sturgeon. His explanation is logical. But it doesn’t electrify like the myth of some scaly monster skulking under waves. The creation of monsters like Tessie, Champy, Nessie, Besse or Ogopogo can easily be explained as a bridge between what we know and what we don’t. Few people have dived deep into Tahoe, whose water temperature remains at a constant 39 at depths of 600 feet to 700 feet. The uncharted lake is a canvas for the imagination, and modern-day fishers and divers already have the indigenous stories of Ong and the water babies to build upon. Similar tales abound in other uncharted places. Ukrainian researchers claimed that Yeti holes up in their rugged mountains, and something called the Hairy Man tromps the Alaska backcountry. Australia boasts the Tasmanian tiger, something with a wolf’s head and kangaroo pouch. And even well-documented hoaxes haven’t buried Bigfoot, the most illustrious cryptid who embodies another trait that explains Tessie’s longevity: He is shy. “If he walked around at high noon every day and there were hundreds of him, he wouldn’t be interesting,” says Robert Baker, a University of Kentucky professor emeritus who researches paranormal psychology. When a creature is only spotted occasionally, its legend grows. Campers on a weekend smell something funky outside their tents and assume it’s Bigfoot (who supposedly has a pungent body odor). Experts also attribute sightings to more selfish reasons: Some people crave attention and want folks to flood their town in search of a mountain ape or a lake snake. Others have simply heard a legend before and want to be part of it. Curley, the literature professor, and others also reason that cryptids are a way to cope with the uncertainty of the growling, slobbering natural world — a cosmos city folk don’t inhabit and may find menacing. In fiction, the monsters that tried to lure Odysseus off course — the Sirens — represent the sea’s fierceness. Sometimes, however, mythologized monsters turn out not to be creatures of fiction. Giant squid were once imagined to be either merman or myth. The sea animal was proven real only after fishermen hooked a dead one, and a reverend stowed it in a bathtub and displayed it as a freak of nature. For sale: Tessie At Wholesale Resort Accessories, a warehouse at the airport in Tahoe, Tessie finally appears. She’s just beyond the snow shovels hawked by the broad-shouldered and hairy Bigfoot. This Tessie is about as menacing as Barney — and just as huggable. The green-stuffed beast costs $4.99 for a 3 1/2 -inch version or $9.99 for the 10-inch model. On a neighboring shelf, a postcard shows Tessie playing poker with beer-swilling wildlife. The back reads: “She has never eaten a tourist.” The same year Goldman introduced audiences to USOs, Tessie went commercial. It’s no coincidence that sightings also flourished. “It was like ‘Jaws’ where people didn’t want to go in the water,” says Bob McCormick, a real-estate investor, tourism brochure publisher and watsu massage therapist. “I didn’t want kids afraid to swim in the lake.” So he created the kid-friendly Tessie and trademarked “The Original Tahoe Lake Monster” before anyone else could. In “The Story of Tahoe Tessie,” his smiley creature is crafty, fashioning tires onto a log and floating it near unsuspecting fishermen, and outwitting a big-game hunter named Whiplash McMean. She has an agenda too. “For years she had left the men alone, as they had cut down the trees, polluted her lake, and put up buildings on many of her favorite spots. Why couldn’t they leave her alone in her own home?” McCormick writes. The lake snake, who’s drawn as part kewpie doll, part “Creature From the Black Lagoon,” rescues Tahoe from a broken dam. Over the years, McCormick purchased four 8-foot-tall Tessie suits, one of which lost a tail. The Tahoe tenant was plucked to light the Christmas tree in a nearby town and appeared in a cameo on “Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous.” But McCormick has shuttered his Tessie museum and the phone number some callers used as a Tessie hotline. Still, Tessie persists. “CBS This Morning” ran a short Tessie segment in 1990, claiming that at least 50 people had glimpsed her. The phone sometimes jangled at Sand Harbor, a swath of beach with 400,000 visitors a year, with panicked mothers asking if Tessie would gobble their small children. The calls intensified in 1992, when local paper Tahoe Bonanza printed its annual April Fool’s edition. Its lead story described how a 75-foot monster, which had eaten four people, 16 dogs and a horse, crashed an aluminum boat and swallowed the pit bull on board. “Even if I tell [callers] the sturgeon story,” says Sand Harbor supervisor Rick Keller, “they want to believe in the sea monster.” Last week, two beachgoers noticed a dark shape with three to five humps floating in placid water near Tahoe Park Beach. “I thought, ‘Whoa, this sucker’s real,’ ” a man from Rocklin, Calif., told the local Tahoe World newspaper. Is Tessie real? Maybe only Mickey Daniels knows. The angler is so intertwined with Tahoe’s waters that this year’s April Fool’s gag was to report that he caught the beast after an eight-hour struggle and was debating whether to sell her to a hamburger joint. Today as the Big Mack II whirs, Daniels talks about the time he was driving to Tahoe City and a strong wind kicked up. He noticed something on the lake snaking south to north. A hump. A 15-foot-long hump. He skidded his Jeep to the road’s shoulder, hopped out and pressed binoculars to his face. He lowered them, raised them again — if it was Tessie, he had better see her — and saw only this: a row of ducklings bobbing on blue. Times staff writer Ashley Powers can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org.

Now that I’ve been on the road for a bit, here are a few pictures of my travels so far through some of Northern California and southern Washington State. I’m currently in Salem, Oregon. There’s been a family emergency which is why I’m back in Salem, but the dust is beginning to settle and I’ll be back on the road soon. It’s been a few months since I took these first few pictures but I wanted to share them with you anyway. This first is Mt. Hood, just outside of Portland, Oregon. Beautiful, isn’t it? These next few were taken in Springfield, Oregon. Yes, that Springfield! The Simpson’s Springfield. Now on to my current venture. But first, I want to say that my goals at the moment are to visit with friends and family. At some point I’ll be heading to the National Parks and such, but right now I want to see my peeps! So, heading south from Salem I made a rest stop in Cottage Grove, Oregon. I love the old parts of any town so I headed straight there. There were some great murals and tributes to some of the movies that had been shot there, from The General, starring Buster Keaton to Animal House! Next stop, Yreka, California. This is what I call a ‘back of the motorbike’ shot… even though I wasn’t on a motorbike. I came up with that name when I was in Viet Nam and took a lot of pictures from the backs of many motorbikes but now I use it for any image taken on the road. They’re always wonky because I’m watching the road! But I like ’em anyway. This one was taken while driving south into California. As I crossed over from Oregon into California I started crying like crazy. Crying for joy! I don’t think I realized how much I’ve been missing my home state. I wish the distant image was clearer. It was so beautiful. There was layer upon layer of mountains fading off into the distance. So, from Yreka I drove south to Redding to visit a friend….forgetting to take any pictures, then I drove further south to Sacramento to visit another friend……forgetting to take any pictures, then I drove to Oakland to visit another few friends……forgetting to take any pictures. Honestly, though, I’m fine with that. I don’t go to visit friends to take pictures of them. I go to enjoy my time with them (and I really did!). My friends are in my heart and on my mind and that’s good enough for me. I did, however take a couple pictures in Oakland. Just a couple. Oakland Bay and the Port of Oakland. Heading back north, I stopped in Petaluma. I don’t know anyone there, but I’ve always liked the old downtown area. They’ve really made the riverfront an inviting, funky place to be. Moving on to… a place I won’t name. It’s my favorite tiny beach town on the planet. I stayed a couple days. I feel so at home there. I love it. A few shots along the way, close to the coast (you can click on each picture to get a better view). California Dreamin’ I tell ya. I stopped in Pt. Reyes to visit a friend…. whose picture I didn’t take. Here are a few pics from the area. I had a really great time. After a brief stop in Salem, I continued on up to Vancouver, Washington to visit my son and his family. We had such a nice time together. We went to the “Crypto Zoo!” It was a free exhibit in Portland of, um, animals? Make-believe animals. It was fanciful and colorful and fun. An artist named Mike Bennett does these exhibits just to share with people and spread a little joy. Kinda cool, huh? Oh, I did get one photo of someone – my son, Paul nearly being eaten by a cryptid. Thankfully, he escaped. There’s this thing that’s been happening with Clementine (which is my van, in case you haven’t read my last post) that I thought needed looking into. When I drove at a relatively high speed – starting at around 40mph and over – and needed to make a sudden stop, the engine would continue revving at the high speed I was just driving at. It wouldn’t drop down into an idle. So, since I’m in the town where my favorite mechanic is located, I brought the van in to the shop. He inspected it and told me he thought it was a faulty brakelight switch (I think that’s what he called it). This switch informs the engine that the van is braking. The brakes work fine, but the engine wasn’t getting the message that I was braking so it continued at the speed it had been going. I okayed the work to be done which he said would take one day. So I waited and then waited some more and increasingly nervously waited even more to hear back from him so I could come in and pick up the van. By the end of the work day I still hadn’t heard from him. Now, I trust this guy thoroughly. He does very good work and is honest with me. But, since I hadn’t heard from him all day, I thought he’d found some huge problem with the van (as has happened repeatedly since I bought the thing) and, well, queue the Psycho music. My brain went into overdrive (somewhat like the van had been doing) and I started imagining that the transmission was nearly dead or some new, major, ridiculously expensive problem was found and I may be at the end of my travels. At least in this particular beast. “So now what do I do?” “I’m not going to put thousands more into this thing.” “But then what? Do I just fly to Chile and hope for the best?” (still not a bad option). My brain wouldn’t shut up. I did not sleep well that night. I called him the next morning as soon as the shop opened and asked what’s up. ¿Que pasa, mi amigo? He said he didn’t have a chance the previous afternoon to test drive the van and he wanted to do so that morning to be sure the problem was fixed. My sigh of relief could be heard throughout the entire central valley of western Oregon (I never exaggerate, what are you talking about?). I can’t begin to tell you how relieved I was and am. So, after all my self-inflicted mental tumult, Clem and I will be back on the road soon. Oh, happy day. Nighttime in Vancouver.

First published by EmpireOnline (link now dead) Now that the blood has been spilt, the killing is done and the screaming has finally stopped ringing in the ears, it is time to assess the state of horror as incarnated at this year’s Film4 FrightFest. Over the course of an extended August Bank Holiday weekend, viewers were treated to a parade of disgust, depravity and death – 34 features split between two screens, as well as short films, trailers, panel discussions and Q&As. Before turning to the new, though, let’s start with the old. Horror icon Tobe Hooper was in attendance, bumbling his way through an on-stage interview like an eccentric uncle on too much medication – and his 1974 classic The Texas Chain Saw Massacre was given a welcome re-run on Empire’s 20-metre screen, preceded by a showing of his rarely seen debut Eggshells (1969) in a recently rediscovered and remastered print. It is a time-capsule elegy for the end of the Sixties counterculture, part vérité document, part experimental freakout, let down only by a sometimes meandering pace and the projectionist’s insistence on cranking up the volume of the soundtrack so loud that many of the lines were swallowed in a wash of distortion. Similarly backward-looking was the Festival opener Hatchet II, both as an altogether unnecessary sequel to the film that introduced FrightFest to its favourite son Adam Green, and as a gleeful return to the gore-and-latex excess of an Eighties slasher. Of course, since Hatchet premiered at FrightFest in 2006, there have been plenty of homages to Reagan-era horror, and this belated sequel failed to bring anything new to the table. Still, Green would later make good, both with his affectionate ‘Road to FrightFest’ pastiches (made together with Joe Lynch) that were screened serially every evening, and with a hilarious special screening of ‘The Diary of Anne Frankenstein’, his 20-minute contribution to forthcoming anthology film Chillerama. There was nostalgia of sorts too in Steven R. Monroe’s remake of Seventies rape-revenge shocker I Spit On Your Grave, which manages to be far better made – if not necessarily better – than the original while remaining every bit as divisively confronting. Meanwhile Amer, Hélène Cattet and Bruno Forzani’s loving homage to all things giallo, perfectly evokes the spirit and texture of Italian genre cinema from the Seventies, while being an unnerving and highly tactile headscratcher in its own right. No other film of the weekend was more aesthetically pleasing than this. Plenty of oldschool bugbears were also brought back out of the closet. The Ford Brothers’ The Dead gave us reason to believe that there is still life left in zombies, even old-fashioned Romero-style shuffling zombies, as long as their apocalyptic ascent is set amidst the widescreen spectacle of never-before-seen locations in West Africa. It is just a pity that the film lacked any obvious contemporary sociopolitical subtext to match its pretty pictures and doom-laden trajectory. Conversely, the vampires that are now supposedly ruling the undead roost proved tepid and hackneyed both in Steve Lawson’ sub-Ritchie gangster-fangster mash-up Dead Cert or in Kim Tae-kyun’s overlong and underwritten teen manga adaptation Higanjima: Escape From Vampire Island. The werewolves in Jonathan Glendening’s 13Hrs may buck convention with their hairlessness, and their destructive transformations may reflect the decline and fall of a propertied English family, but none of this quite saved the film from feeling like a soap opera with claws. As for the rubber-suited, dolphin-headed extra-terrestrials or their PVC-sporting antagonist assassins in Seiji Chiba’s outrageous (and awful) mockbuster Alien Vs. Ninja, the less said the better. More interesting were those productions that went for less traditional movie monsters. Both Carlos Brooks’ domestic thriller Burning Bright and Patrick Hughes’ Ozploitation oater Red Hill unleash big cats – the former carefully building to its high-concept premise (a would-be co-ed and her younger autistic brother trapped in a house with a ravenous tiger) so that it somehow seems less preposterous than it sounds on paper, and the latter making its cryptid ‘black panther’ reflect the troubled history of race relations in a small Australian town – and an entire nation. Also from Australia, Josh Reed’s body horror Primal uses the feeding-and-breeding cycle of a primeval outback parasite to furnish the perfect context for the most taboo word in the English language. Horror cinema can go for decades without exploiting Irish folklore, but this year not one but two FrightFest films resorted to the monsters of Celtic mythology. Brett Anstey’s witless, plodding Damned By Dawn tries (and largely fails) to blend Sam Raimi’s special brand of comic gothic with the legend of the Banshee, while Colm McCarthy’s Outcast reimagines the alienated, underground existence of the ancient aes sídhe in the modern setting of an Edinburgh housing estate. McCarthy’s film may have been relegated to the Discovery Programme, but it proved, unlike Anstey’s, to be one of the Festival standouts. Though certainly original, the creatures eventually revealed in Franck Richard’s The Pack are far less entertaining than the game of guess-the-genre that the director deftly plays in the film’s first third. On the other hand, the exquisitely realised gigantic squid-like aliens in Gareth Edwards’ low-budget triumph Monsters merely form the reflective background to a romantic adventure story in which a journalist and his employer’s daughter find themselves becoming the strangers in a strange land that they had thought they knew. If the real monsters in Edwards’ debut are Americans with their knee-jerk militarism, insularity and xenophobia, there were plenty of other films at this year’s Festival exploring humanity at its most bestial. “We’re monsters,” declares the matriarch in Jorge Michel Grau’s We Are What We Are, and although her impoverished family slays together to stay together, in this bleak state-of-the-nation allegory, all sectors of Mexican society seem equally governed by carnality, predation and a cool indifference to the lives of others. Tammi Sutton’s Isle of Dogs presents a similar dog-eat-dog underworld of criminals, prostitutes and cops, but the artifices of its many twists and turns never really add up to anything believable enough to be engaging, while the eclectic score (matching the film’s fluidity of genre) is placed so high in the sound mix that much of the dialogue has been rendered inaudible. Several of the Festival’s human monsters were female. The heroine (Seo Young-hee) of Jang Cheol-soo’s Bedevilled is driven to vengeful insanity by her abusive treatment, exploitation and abandonment on a supposedly idyllic island of South Korea, while conversely David Blyth’s nightmarish Wound plays out its scenarios of incest, perversion, loss and revenge in the arrested unconscious of its protagonist (Kate O’Rourke). In Pang Ho-Cheung’s gloriously deranged Dream Home, on the other hand, a driven young Hong Kong woman (Josie Ho) readily slices and dices her way through eleven total strangers to realise her dream of owning an apartment with a harbour view, in what is perhaps the first horror film to exploit the anxieties surrounding the property market. Robert Lieberman’s The Tortured turns the tables on the conventions of ‘torture porn’ by presenting us with a couple, tormented by grief and loss, who visit upon their son’s torturer-cum-murderer a twisted taste of his own medicine – only to discover that they might have made a terrible mistake. Never celebrating the couple’s vengeful actions, nor allowing them any easy ethical justification, the film lets no-one off the hook lightly – even if it suffers from its own bludgeoning lack of subtlety. Much better in this subgenre was Sean Byrne’s The Loved Ones, where the torturers are a pretty-in-pink would-be prom queen (Robin McLeavy) and her unhealthily doting daddy (John Brumpton), the victim is a depressed schoolboy (Xavier Samuel) already prone to self-harm, and the hysterical grotesquery of the punishments meted out (in an improvised domestic disco) are offset by the film’s seriousness when it comes to dramatising the damage wrought on a small-town community by irrational acts of horror. The monsters in Johannes Roberts’ F are silent, hooded youths who invade the corridors of a comprehensive school one evening – yet by showing no interest whatsoever in the motives or even identities of these faceless assailants, and instead choosing to focus on the creepy, somewhat unhinged persona of the English teacher (David Schofield) whose fears appear to have conjured them, the film adds an unsettling psychological dimension to all its frenzied cat-and-mouse thrills. Paul Andrew Williams’ Cherry Tree Lane takes a similarly bleak view of youth culture, suggesting that the gap of mutual incomprehension between a middle-aged, middle-class couple and their adolescent, drug-dealing intruders can only be bridged by violence and revenge. Unfolding in real time and entirely within the confines of a suburban home, Williams’ film ought to have been a shoo-in for the prize of most claustrophobic film – but then along came Rodrigo Cortés’ Buried, in which truck-driving contractor Paul Conroy (Ryan Reynolds) wakes up interred in a wooden coffin somewhere in Iraq, left to contend (by cell phone) with officious US operators, devious hostage negotiators, angry abductors, poisonous snakes and a fast-dwindling air supply in his desperate attempt to get out alive. Cortés boxes us right in with Paul for the film’s breathless duration, while still managing to expose the Coalition’s disastrously dug-in adventurism in the Middle East to the sort of incisive commentary that has eluded many other films set on far broader canvases. The final act of Buried is as tense as anything this reviewer has ever seen. In fact, Buried was a ‘surprise film’, brought in after Srdjan Spasojevic’s shocking national allegory A Serbian Film had to be removed from the programme at the last minute. With its censor-baiting combination (often in one scene) of sex, violence and children, Spasojevic’s film came with a ready-made notoriety that led Westminster Council to demand, for the first time, that only a BBFC-approved version could be screened at FrightFest. When the BBFC insisted that an edit be resubmitted with 49 cuts, i.e. almost four whole minutes slashed and burned from the filmmaker’s original vision, the film was pulled. Similarly, the I Spit On Your Grave remake could only be shown in a (modestly) cut version. All of which lent a sense of timely urgency to Jake West’s documentary Video Nasties: Moral Panic, Censorship and Videotape, tracing the ill-conceived history of VHS seizures and censorship in the Eighties. Entertaining and horrifying all at once, it is West’s best film by a wide margin – and the subsequent on-stage panel discussion offered plenty of food for thought about how easily history can repeat itself. Several of the films here thrived on diabolically sustained ambiguities. In Max Sender’s Christopher Roth, we are never quite sure whether a series of monstrous murders take place in the Italian countryside where a blocked thriller writer is vacationing (Joaquim de Almeida), or entirely in the author’s creative imagination. When, in Agnieszka Wojtowicz-Vosloo’s After.Life, a schoolteacher (Christina Ricci) wakes up on a mortuary slab, we remain uncertain to the end whether she is alive or dead, and indeed whether the funeral director (Liam Neeson) is genuinely a psychopomp cursed with a sixth sense that enables him to converse with the recently deceased, or merely a psychopath who heavily sedates his still-living victims before formally sending them on their way. Similarly, Daniel Stamm’s faux-documentary Festival closer The Last Exorcism leaves us unsure whether the demonic possession that we are witnessing on film is the genuine article or an elaborately staged fake. I have reserved the very best till last. After wowing (and staggering) audiences with the manic intensity of The Living and the Dead at FrightFest 2006, Simon Rumley returned this year with Red White & Blue, a revenge-driven tragedy set in Austin, Texas. Erica (Amanda Fuller) drifts through a series of one-night stands till she meets the older Nate (Noah Taylor), a taciturn Iraq War veteran with a sociopathic streak who, unusually, seems interested in Erica for more than just sex – but when one of her previous partners, hard-rocking mamma’s boy Franki (Marc Senter), resurfaces with a hell of a grudge against the young woman, a bizarre triangle of love, vengeance and death forms to ensnare these three lost souls. Boasting three of the year’s finest performances, Rumley’s film is a slow-burning tripartite drama that spirals inexorably towards parallel acts of misdirected vengeance – and in the ellipses and silences of its economic narrative lurk the darkest aspects of the American psyche. Many of the weekend’s films may have been nastier, gorier or (superficially) more shocking, but nothing can vie with the impact provided both by Rumley’s solid, engaging characterisation and his directorial restraint that leaves the unimaginable precisely to the imagination. Despite his relatively low profile, Rumley is one of the most important and intelligent British filmmakers working today – and Red White & Blue finds real, harrowing, politically resonant horror in places where no-one else is looking. The only film that was arguably more confronting for an audience as geeky, factionalised and obsessive as the FrightFest collective is Kyle Newman’s 1998-set comic road movie Fanboys, whose characters’ driven quest for a pre-release copy of Star Wars: Episode 1- The Phantom Menace is no less endearing, quixotic or downright ridiculous than the FrightFesters’ sudden, critical need to track down A Serbian Film uncut…

I wrote a while ago about The Rituals Of a Writer. In this particular post I spoke at length about things some authors do whilst they write their new masterpiece etc. I relayed that when I’m writing I listen to a lot of music. What interests me about this (from a musicians aspect) is, does it help the process or hinder it greatly? I personally find my mind works better whilst listening to music of my preference. As I write this I’m listening to one of my favourite bands of all time RUSH with their cosmic, out of this world songs/instrumentals and odd time signatures etc its atmospheric qualities really get me stuck into the page. I know Stephen King listens to things such as Metallica, AC/DC when he is writing (smart man) but for some authors, as I have mentioned before they depend on absolute silence to get the work done. So my question to authors of all genres is this, Do you listen to music whilst writing? If so do you listen to a specific type to go along with a certain genre I.e listening to Black Metal when writing Romance or when writing Urban Fantasy do you listen to Chris De Burgh etc. Would love to hear what you listen to when writing, the weirder the better! Till next time Insomniacs! R. A. Kennedy Now for something completely different! Here is a short Poem written a while ago, by my fair hands. The moon ethereal, fingers of dim light, be thine force to guide thy flight. Among the fields and the wind that sweeps, an evenings song by dark; Rejoice! Thy eyes sleep. Shadow of night, in a shrouded haze, forget the day, forsake the day; for a thousand seeing eyes await the coming grey. Alas! The sun, it fails to be; for the sky cries out, and the rain doth grieve. © R. A. Kennedy We have all read countless interviews, Q&A’s with authors etc where one question in particular is constantly asked of many writers, Where do you get your ideas from? I can’t answer for all authors, but from what I have experienced myself, (I’m still a novice by all accounts) and other sources, the answer is simply this; anywhere and everywhere! You will hear many authors say that a writers brain is always writing even when they are not writing. I can confirm this statement fully, its a peculiar thing really you can be doing a simple everyday task such as, washing the dishes and your cogs will whirr. from deep within your (as Hercule Poirot would say) “little gray cells.” You start asking yourself questions like “what if this dish suddenly gained the power of intelligence, sprouted limbs, and started a revolution.” Then other things start bouncing around within your imagination that lead off (and sometimes away) from your original question to yourself. it doesn’t just stop there however. Ideas can come from a conversation with someone that once again fires up the imagination also situations that you have previously been involved in that you invert and exaggerate to transform into a story of epic proportions. The adage “Write what you know,” is also very true and its something to definitely keep in mind. This constant influx from your over-powering imagine always requires you to have a pen and paper at hand because its when you don’t it will be something brilliant and it usually ends with you kicking yourself. I’m currently in the middle of writing my first novel as well as a few short stories. My ideas always have (and hopefully always will) come from all manner of places. My most common source is dreams that I have, obviously sometimes dreams can be completely nonsensical, and a salvaging of a story from these is literally like looking for a needle in a haystack. But, the ones that aren’t completely bonkers have at least a great outline or character motivation or situation etc. These dreams must obviously be refined into something that’s workable but when the basic idea is there, anything is possible. I (and probably many other writers) have sheets and sheets of paper of ideas, that have started off as something small and have grown into a towering, snarling, slobbering behemoth of an idea. Its almost like the smallest snowball, rolling down a hill and gradually continuing to grow in size. So the age old question of “Where do you get your ideas from?” Can be answered thus: “Where *don’t* I get my ideas from?” For, a writers brain is constantly writing; imagining worlds of fantastic proportions, where the impossible is more than probable and dreams become all the more real. I first discovered Anthony Price when I was in my early teens. My Gran picked up a well loved copy (at a W.I jumble sale) of his first novel of the David Audley/Colonel Jack Butler series, ‘The Labyrinth Makers.’ It wasn’t until a year ago that I rediscovered Anthony Price. I actually met the man himself, I was unaware at first until he formally introduced himself. Memories of his first book came flooding back to me once the penny dropped. We chatted for a long while, he was more than happy to chat about his work and writing in general, a very lovely chap indeed. Upon my departure he produced three of his books and signed them for me. Of course I was over the moon! I read them as soon as I could, and was once again fully transported into the dangerous adventures of David Audley and Colonel Jack Butler. Audley and Butler work for a counter-intelligence unit, that draws comparisons to that of MI5, although they refer to themselves as “Research and Development.” David Audley (an analyst and historian) features in every story although he is not always the main protagonist. David Audley is known for his unorthodox methods, he is a historian and frequently quotes his beloved author; Rudyard Kipling. David Audley is a character that you immediately warm to, and can’t help but smile at the way he goes about things. He is quite a devious schemer and will do all that he can, not to give to much information away as to what is going on, mostly to his own colleagues. There’s almost this method of keeping his cards close to his chest so he can casually observe his surroundings as to get to the bottom of a particular investigation or circumstance. The stories contain a lot of twists and turns and there is something about David Audley that one could attribute to guess work. Having said that he has seldom been wrong. There are obviously some other great characters in the stories Colonel Jack Butler joins Audley on many missions also later on in the series a researcher named Paul Mitchell helps Audley there is also Oliver Latimer who has some contempt for Audley and also Elizabeth Loftus a female investigator. There are a lot of recurring themes in the stories one being ‘The Debrecen List’ and David Audleys Russian opponent Professor Panin. Anthony Price ended the series after 19 novels in 1989 with ‘The Memory Trap’ he did write a non-fiction book a year later about Naval Frigates. Even though his fantastic writing speaks for itself he won a couple of awards; The Silver Dagger award for ‘The Labryinth Makers’ and then with his fifth novel ‘Other Paths To Glory’ he won; The Golden Dagger award. His novels were also made into a six part television series called Chessgame; it starred Terrance Stamp as Dr David. Audley. I highly recommend the David Audley series. Full of fantastic writing, great plotlines and a plethora of colourful characters. Its a must for your book collection. The stories are fluent and the pace is kept really well, there are a lot of historical references which adds even more intrigue to the story. In conclusion Anthony Price proves that a good espionage story doesn’t have to be Flash Cars/Guns/Gadgets all wrapped up in a suave playboy package to be exciting. In my welcome post I promised you the occasional sea monster, and dammit I’m goin to do just that! Ladies and Gents I present you with a sea monster that unfortunately gets less coverage than that of Nessie. I give you Cornwall’s, Morgawr! Me and my wife have a big fascination with all things deemed unexplained. One such example is Cryptozoology (In Greek the term literally means study of hidden animals) the timeless search. animals whose existence on our tiny planet have not yet been proved. We have heard of The Loch Ness Monster of Scotland, and of course Big Foot, and The Abominable Snowman, but there are a lot of lesser known examples of these fascinating Cryptids (as they are called). Morgawr hails from the Cornish Seas (mostly around Falmouth). its name means Sea monster in the now disused language of Cornish. There have been documented cases of sightings as far back as 1876. Cornish fishermen have claimed to have caught Morgawr in their nets and claim it is about 20 feet long. One of the documented sightings at Pendennis Point Falmouth, September 1975, witnesses claim to have seen a humped creature with ‘stumpy horns’ and bristles on its long neck, catching a conger eel in its mouth. The waters where Morgawr has been sighted, usually contain plenty of conger eels, it has been sighted as far as the Plymouth coast but tends to favour the waters around Falmouth and surrounding areas. Theories have been passed around as to what Morgawr might actually be. Some say that it is mistaken for a rare species of long necked seal, others say it could be a Basking Shark or even a dead Basking Shark. To both of these theories I say nay! Basking Sharks are notoriously shy and stay submerged, and although they are peculiar looking they don’t resemble anything like what is stated by the many witnesses. The more plausible theory is that Morgawr is a species of prehistoric Plesiosaur. This in my opinion is most probably what it is. After all why not? We know less about our own Oceans than we do about our Galaxy. Who knows what mysteries really lie in our seas? Why shouldn’t a species of Dinosaur survive? With the time they have spent on this earth they are probably rather good at hiding! Of course there are those who of course cry “hoax” at the many documented sightings of any sea monster or anything that is unexplained for that matter. My view is, there is more to this world than meets the eye and just because you can’t see something doesn’t mean its not there! Hopefully one day the unexplained will become clear! One worry I do have about the future of these unexplained creatures is, that I hope we (as humans) do not attempt at some sort of capture of any Cryptid creature and exhibit him/her for tourist and monetary purposes. These creatures are doing very well without our interference we as humans need to let them do just that. Many people see Cryptozoology as a pseudoscience and not a reputable use of scientific study. But in this day and age who can truly say what a true science is and what is not? Is the search for Extra Terrestrial Biological Entities a true science? Some would say no! I would yet again disagree with that. If other life can exist on undiscovered planets why can’t undiscovered creatures exist on our humble planet? Let us not forget some milestones of Cryptozoology, include the Mountain Gorilla and the Okapi both of which were said not to exist, and also the Komodo Dragon which before 1912 was referred to I believe as a Monitor Lizard. Other Hallmarks include proof of the existence of the giant squid by photographic evidence In 2004 I’m also to the understanding that a giant squid has recently been filmed. I hope to one day (along with my wife) see Morgawr for myself as well as other sea monsters. Some might see me as foolish, to them I say; the world that exists underneath us, and above us is much stranger than fiction and holds countless possibilities! So here’s to Morgawr! The sea monster of Cornwall! May he/she never run out of conger eels!

Cryptozookeeper a graphical text adventure for Windows, Mac and Linux. Created by XYZZY-award winning author Robb Sherwin, it merges interactive fiction-style puzzles and narrative with cryptid creation and fighting. It features over 60 cryptids to make, 200 characters to encounter and a soundtrack of over 70 songs. A character-driven piece that is a blend of sci-fi and comedy, it is one of the best advances in graphical interactive fiction in years, and a fine successor to the Infocom and Magnetic Scrolls tradition. The free interpreter "Hugor" is required for play on OS X and Linux.

by Micah A. Hanks, freelance writer for Fate Magazine October 2004 Issue ...with comments Albert Ostman had been restricted to a sitting position for the better part of what he guessed was three hours, a prisoner inside his own sleeping bag. He could barely move and he had nearly passed out more than once already since the mouth of his bag was kept closed and he had been forced to recycle the same air since his strange journey had begun. As best as he could gather from the bouncing he’d felt since he awoke, something large had thrown him over its shoulder while he was sleeping and carried him off into the night. Whatever was carrying Albert had taken him from his campsite in the mountains on Vancouver Island and though he wasn’t sure what time it was, he could sense it was still dark as he and his captor traveled. Finally all the motion stopped and he felt himself being lifted up, then gently placed on the ground. Albert could hear voices, but he couldn’t understand any of the words he heard, though he could certainly tell that there were more than only the once that had brought him here. Crawling out of his sack, he tried to massage his legs, which were cramped from holding the same position for so long. In the faint moonlight, he could make out little more than the silhouettes of four figures around him. The chattering continued and Albert remembered legends that the natives in the area had told him of creatures called sasquatches, a race of hairy giants that haunted the highest most inaccessible regions of the island. Though he couldn’t yet see the things standing all around him, he knew now what they were. He was a little frightened and finally asked them why they had brought him here. Only more chatter, this time a female voice expressing what Albert took as anger that he’d been brought to the sasquatch home. Dawn came slowly and as the dim light of morning began to fill the sky, he began to see clearly how hairy these “people” were, despite which they certainly looked like people. The large male waved his hands wildly, presumably relating the ordeal of bringing Albert back with him and drawing closer to him said something that sounded to Albert like “sooka sooka.” The young boy came near also and grabbed Albert’s can of snuff, tasting a bit of it. He too spoke with his new prisoner proclaiming “ook” which Albert took as a request for a can of snuff from the young sasquatch. If you thing this sounds like the dialogue from a television show or a grade B horror flick, think again. This is actually a portion of a story dating back to the late 1920’s describing how Albert Ostman, a construction working looking for a lost mine near the head of Toba Inlet, Vancouver Island, was kidnapped by what he believed were sasquatches, the legendary beasts that haunt the mountains and forests of the Pacific Northwest. According to his account he was kept with the creatures at their home in the mountains for several days before he fed them snuff, on which they choked, allowing him to escape. Stories like Ostman about humans interacting with sasquatches may actually provide more than just entertainment and fuel for the fire of investigators in search of proof. There seems to be recurring element in most tales where sasquatches are wither surprised by or are in regular contact with humans; they are often observed speaking and in a few odd cases, have actually said things that people were able to understand. Just what is speech? Speech can be defined as verbal communication through air vibration. As far as science can prove, humans are the only creatures on Earth with a sophisticated verbal language based on this principle. It has been proved in recent years under lab conditions that some animals, including parrots and gorillas can learn to communicate with humans. You ay have seen gorillas on television communicating by use of sign language not only with humans but with each other, and parrots have been able to learn human names for objects and solve puzzles with the air of verbal communication on about the level of a second grader. Obviously, animals can communicate. We see them do it every day from dogs marking their scent to define territorial boundaries to bees directing other workers to a source of nectar with their dance. Animals can also communicate pretty successfully with humans. Just try surprising a rattlesnake on a warm day in the woods – I’m sure you’ll know just what he means when he rears back and rattles his tail! But wouldn’t it be a little strange to try and call this form of communication a language? There obviously has to be more present before intelligent, comprehensive communication in the form of verbal speech can be recognized. J.W. Burns and the Chehalis Indians In the 1920’s, a man named J.W. Burns began collecting odd stories of hairy giants that haunted the mountains, legends of the Chehalis Indians whose reservation was located near the southern end of Harrison Lake, British Columbia. Burns had worked for a number of years as the government Indian agent of the Chehalis reservation and had noted that the Chehalis people were reluctant to talk about their bizarre experiences with these hairy savages of the mountains. Through years of inquiry, Burns began gathering tales from the natives on the reservation about their encounters with this entity. Many of these tales came from hunters or others who happened upon one of these creatures by chance while alone in the forest. These tales often ended with one or both parties fleeing from the scene. But in a few of the accounts gathered by Burns, some of the natives had actually said they heard the sasquatches speak and a few even claimed to understand what they were saying. In one case Burns collected, an Indian named Charley reported coming across a sasquatch woman while on a hunting trip. While in the woods with his hunting dog, Charley heard what he thought was a bear crying from a hole inside a redwood tree. When his dog disappeared into the hold, Charley shot the first thing that came running out, which he said looked to him like a young Caucasian boy. The injury was only a flesh wound and Charley tried to comfort the boy who continued to cry out into the empty forest around them. Before long, a voice began answering from off in the distance and finally a large female sasquatch appeared. Charley was frightened already but his apprehension only increased when the creature turned to him and said, “You have shot my friend.” The Douglas Dialect The interesting part about this is that in many similar cases related by the Indians of the Chehalis reservation about sasquatches speaking, the creatures are nearly always understood to be speaking in what is referred to as “the Douglas dialect.” I first found mention of the Douglas Dialect in stories from Burns’ collections. But there was little else said about it in these texts and I had a difficult time digging up much additional information on my own. Finally, thanks to a native British Columbian I contacted named Ken Kristian, I learned that “Douglas” was reference to Salish Indians living in the area of Port Douglas at the north end of Harrison Lake. This particular band is known as the Douglas First Nation. Kristian also told me that the Chehalis band that Burns had worked for as an agent was located on the south end of Harrison Lake. Each band’s dialect differs slightly from one to the next but as one could guess, there would obviously be recognizable trails between dialects just as well as the differences. The aforementioned Charley was said to be part Douglas himself. But why has the Douglas Dialect been associated with sasquatch speech patterns? Although the region in which this dialect originates also happens to have been a hotbed for sightings over the last several decades, it still seems strange that there might be a specific Northwestern Indian dialect associated with this entity. What if it were a regional variation on what is known to be the Douglas Dialect? Perhaps certain groups of sasquatches borrowed portions of an existing language from other people in the region. Charley recounted the sasquatch calling the child her “friend.” He took this to mean that the creature had probably kidnapped the while Caucasian boy, hence “friend” supported the fact that the child wasn’t her own. But could Charley have been mistaken in his interpretation? Cold the sasquatch have meant “child” after all, but opted for this term because she didn’t know the correct word? Such speculation still leaves us with the question of how these creatures started speaking a language so similar to that of a particular group of humans. Might this suggest that the sasquatch and human races had common ancestors? It is said that Charley himself guessed that the sasquatches were somehow related to the Douglas band. Into the Modern Era At the current time, the field is simply to broad to even try and make guesses, at least until we are finally able to interact with a living specimen of bigfoot. I’ve spoken with a number of experts and researchers about the possibility that bigfoot may be able to speak. The general consensus, it seems, is that they probably don’t have language. Even when shown the stories of J.W.Burns, many people say that such tales are outdated and merely reflect the cultural beliefs of a secluded group of people. But Native Americans are by no means the only people to report experiences in which sasquatches appear to be trying to communicate. A man named Alexander Katayev told of an experience he had in Russia in August 1974, where he witnessed two large hairy creatures eating together. He reported that one appeared male, and other female, and that they seemed to speak to one another in voices that reminded him of how deaf people sound when speaking. At one point the female appeared to respond with laughter to something her male counterpart said. The creatures were also described using hand motions. Arthur Buckley once said of his research, “They communicate orally. On two separate occasions with colleagues, we have surprised a small group in their base camp -- who upon a hurried retreat have resorted to a jargon that has the phonetics of a language when we got close to them.” Another strange account from September 1955 is presented by J. Robert Alley in his book Raincoast Sasquatch: Just as it was getting dark, we heard a noise coming from the far bank; it sounded like rising and falling series of barking chattering sounds. We answered back, but it waited a minute before answering and was moving along the edge of the trees. It was wailing and making different sounds, and I asked Ed, who had a lot of experiences down south with coyotes, if it was a coyote, but he said not. The sounds were all jumbled together and it sounded as though whatever it was, were trying to put words of sorts together, like it was trying to communicate with us. This would go on every minute or so. Whatever it was circled around our camp in the forest without ever coming out. It sounded like it was trying to talk to us but didn’t quite have the nerve to step out and let us see it. It wasn’t real high pitched and was about as loud as us, like a man talking in a normal voice.” Even with as many accounts as there are, we’ll never be certain as to whether or not people may actually be witnessing sasquatches performing anything close to speech as we know it until we can actually sit down with one and attempt to communicate verbally with it. The idea that we could share language with another species on this planet is fascinating for us as humans, no matter how far-fetched or even frightening it may be for some of us. Ultimately, such a discovery would certainly make this strange planet of ours feel a little smaller. And besides, until proven under biological conditions, we may never know whether or not the sasquatch is really anything more than a figment of our collective imaginations. But for the time being, the more we can learn about them, the closer we may come to actually providing the hard evidence for which we’ve searched for so long. So we might as well turn over every stone we can, no matter how strange the notion behind them. For all we know one day we may be able to learn much about the sasquatches from their “language” alone. -- Micah A, Hanks is a freelance writer and cryptid researcher. He is also the public relations affiliate and resident cryptozoology expert with the L.E.M.U.R. paranormal investigation team based out of Asheville, North Carolina. Article photos by Ken Kristian and sketches by R. Crumb Article transcribed from Fate Magazine for Bigfoot Encounters.com by Bobbie Short, who pulled the following accounts regarding language from her database: There is the report from Navajo sheepherders of old in the four corners district (where Utah, Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico come together) who believe to this day that the Ye'iitsoh speak the language of the northern tribes, "a tongue that we do not understand here in the southwest. They come here in the season of the long shadows to winter in our warmer climate and exchange sheep and goats for the fish they bring from the north -- fish that is not known to this area, making talk with us in a language that is not ours, but of the tribes who live in the north. They are of great size and have a body covered in long hair; they are the giant people from the mountains and traveling here is a great distance. " (Short) The late Gloria and John Millard emailed excerpts from their journal in 1997 in which they observed a large male sasquatch for three years in the high forest range of Arizona. I remember Millard emailing me that the male spoke stern words to its youngster while it was behaving badly. It appeared to be a verbal correction of behavior in some language for the little one's temper tantrum and dirt throwing display. (Millard to Short, 1997-8) From Wrangell, AK a 1918 story about the gold miner who was awakened from a cat-nap in a field of berries by "people talking." Upon his investigation he encountered a mother-bushwoman feeding berries to a little one and talking to it in the manner of the Tlingit language. (Petermann to Short) http://www.bigfootencounters.com/stories/wrangell.htm There is also this newspaper account from 1935 with these words worth noting: VANCOUVER, B. C.—(U.P.) — Sasquatch men, remnants of a lost race of "wild men" who inhabited the rocky regions of British Columbia centuries ago, are reported roaming the province again. The strange men, it was reported, after emerging from the woods, came leaping down the jagged rocky hillside with the agility and lightness of mountain goats. Snatches of their weird language floated on the breeze from across the lake to the pioneer settlement at the foot of the hills. The giants walked with an easy gait across the swamp flats and at the Morns Creek, in the shadow of Little Mystery Mountain.... ...and finally, there is this recently acquired report from a woman who befriended a sasquatch family as a little child on her father's Salmon River Ranch in Idaho who said they spoke and communicated together; they were her "friends".... published in Fate Magazine, 2004 http://www.bigfootencounters.com/stories/salmonriver2.htm ....there are many incidents of vocal interaction and language skills by sasquatches collected in various databases, why it has been overlooked or discarded as a possibility is anyone's guess. Thirty eight years since the Patterson Film and we are just becoming interested in their language skills? It is blatant testimony to how backward North American research still is or perhaps how stuck research is in their collective assumption that sasquatches must be apes, napes or "animal-like speechless creatures." I don't pretend to know how science will classify the sasquatch, I only know these can't possibly be apes, - not as we currently know the great apes to be and that opinion is based primarily on the sasquatch's bipedalism. No ape has ever evolved to walk upright as a normal course of locomotion. It would take major anatomical modifications to achieve true bipedalism in apes. If more accounts of language skills are uncovered, that would definitely eliminate the ape. Add to the mix the "human element" found in hair and scat analysis. Not all of that can be attributed to contamination by the investigator, assuming so is too convenient. ...Bobbie Short, October 2005 From Prince George, B.C., Canada: I read this article of sasquatch having language, and the attached stories and accounts. God Bless you for putting this on your website. I have heard Sasquatch speak with my own ears. I couldn't understand much of what was being said because it was not loud enough, but what I did hear was definitely communication language. My research assistant Mike was having a bit of a tough time grasping that the sasquatch does have language until just last week. He lives just above the shore of a lake. Only 10 minutes drive from his home. Back in July 2005, he helped me investigate a clear sighting by some Saskatchewan visitors. Now here we are 2 and 1/2 months later, he takes his dog for a walk down to the lake and he hears voices across the lake. Voices of people talking but the voices seemed a bit different for some reason, almost immature in some ways, but the vocal range of adults. There were no people over there and he says that the voices were saying words like we hear on the High Sierra CD's, Bigfoot Recordings. I bought these CD's myself a few months back and found that what I heard back in 1994 was much of the same that is on these CD's. If you go to my website, http://sasquatch-pg.net you will see in my home page where I explain my position quite clearly about sasquatch language. Also I noticed in the article that a reference to the Sasquatch is being made in a human sense of being. In the past I personally have found it quite difficult to view these as people. But, with all that I have heard, seen, and learned about Sasquatch, in my personal encounters and in my research studies, I find it absolutely impossible to view them as mere apes. They most definitely are not mere apes and people who view them as such need to experience their presence and vocal talents first hand. Should people of this thinking experience what I have and many other people have experienced I will absolutely guarantee that the mind of the skeptic will change immediately. I am becoming a very strong believer in what our Native First Nations People have said about Sasquatch for centuries; that being; that they are a people, that they do speak language. With that being said, would they actually be human or a sub species of human?? I don't know, but this I do know. God has given them life the same as He has given us life. If they are in fact human it just means that we are the higher order of our species. I know that this line of thinking will likely offend a lot of people. But, why should we be so pompous as to think that we are the only representation of our species. When Scientists wake up to this fact and more Researchers begin to accept the possibilities then maybe we can get more serious work done in creating contact and communication with Sasquatch/Bigfoot. Hopefully this would also result in proper funding coming forward to help carry this very important work. Leo Selzer, Prince George, BC, Canada (…. with permission) October 13, 2005 ..."and don't for get the language abilities being reported and published by people in Tennessee." I believe the publication was "50 Years With Bigfoot." Els Brickman, Overton County, TN November 2005 Back to Bigfoot Encounters Main page Back to Newspaper & Magazine Articles Back to Bigfoot Encounters "What's New" page Portions of this website are reprinted and sometimes edited to fit the standards of this website under the Fair Use Doctrine of International Copyright Law as educational material without benefit of financial gain. This proviso is applicable throughout the entire Bigfoot Encounters Website.

- kura kaupapa mā... kura river · MORE. Copy & paste this link to your blog or website to reference this page. - What is Wong Kur? - The Tibetan Vajrayana, Wong Kur is the spring from which all blessings flow. - Professor Dr. Annette Kur Max-Planck-Institute (MPI) - Professor Kur is a senior member of research staff and Head of Unit at the Max-. Planck-Institute (MPI) for Intellectual Property, Competition and Tax Law. - Singh v Kur - 2001, plaintiff Singh and defendant Kur entered into an agreement whereby the delivered to Kur the $300000. - Gunmen attack joint patrol vehicle, injure policeman, civilian - By Patience Ogbodo ,Special Correspondent, Bauchi Unknown gunmen have attacked a joint security patrol vehicle and injured a policeman and a civilian at Dutsen Tanshi and Anguwar Kur along railway area in the Bauchi metropolis. - Gunmen attack patrol vehicle in Bauchi - By Uja Emmanuel, Makurdi 18 hours 54 minutes ago Some gunmen have injured a policeman and a civilian in an attack on a joint security patrol vehicle between Dutsen Tanshi and Anguwar Kur in Railway area of Bauchi metropolis. - It's “Kur—EE—Kess” - Only one person—the last shown on the video, who's a ringer—pronounced the candidate's last name “Kur—EE—kess. - Gov't to raise KUR funds to Rp 25t - The government is planning to raise the amount of micro-credit loans under its KUR program from Rp 20 trillion per year (US$2.36 billion) over the past few years to Rp 25 trillion next year. - Fishery Loan Absorption is Low - TEMPO Interactive, Jakarta:The Maritime Affairs and Fishery Ministry is urging small-scale and micro businessmen, particularly in the fishery sector, to use the People's Business Credit (KUR) program to develop their businesses. - Kur - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - For other uses, see Kur (disambiguation). - KUR Organic Superfoods - Greetings from the land of KUR Organic Superfoods, where you'll find delicious treats that are healthy, too! KUR is driven by flavor and guided by science. - Klassic Kur - Designing freestyle routines and appropriate music for riders. - Kur - The Secret Saturdays Wiki - (SPOILER!!) Kur reborn. Original Kur - ornamental image Summary Kur is a legendary cryptid said to b. - The KUR Personal Health and Fitness Professionals Fitness Center - The Inner Kur is an exlusive fitness center for women. Kur is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Kur books and related discussion. Suggested Pdf Resources Suggested News Resources Suggested Web Resources Related searchescranial nerves vandals vandalic language fight club film reaction and themes dream symbolism mirror bohr-einstein debates photon in a box maulana kausar niazi gold coast giantsseagullschargerstitans

Mysterious Universe brings you the latest news and podcasts covering the strange, extraordinary, weird, wonderful and everything in between. We strive to maintain a balance of healthy skepticism and entertainment while never losing our sense of humour. The Mysterious Universe podcast debuted in 2006 and has since grown to a huge following with millions of downloads from around the world. With high production values and the host’s refreshing approach, the podcast immediately stood out from its competitors. In 2009 Mysterious Universe Plus+ launched to meet the demand for more podcasts. A Plus+ membership gives fans extended editions of our shows along with unique, member’s only Plus+ podcasts every week. See more info on the great features of Plus+ here. Be sure to check out our Podcasts page and find out why Mysterious Universe is considered by many to be the best in the genre. Special Ability: Obsessed with cables In 2006, Ben combined his talents learnt in electronic music production with his deep love for alternative philosophy and all things paranormal to create Mysterious Universe. Ben’s experience as former student of Chinese medicine and practitioner of eastern QiGong practices has always allowed him to view the world from a different lens. With a strong, almost obsessive drive for high quality production and attention to detail, coupled with a dry wit and playful approach to the subject matter, Ben has turned what was once a part time hobby into a full time career. Special Ability: Christian Bale rage Aaron is a former Crime Scene Investigator with tertiary qualifications in Science. From an early age, Aaron had a strong yet cynical fascination with paranormal phenomena. This all changed one night when returning to his home in inner Sydney to be confronted with a headless apparition of a man from the 1930′s. Thus started his passion to find what is out there beyond the world we can see. Special Ability: Pretty good at star jumps Elliot has worked on multiple podcasts in the past and present. Namely the Pseudo Scientists podcast for the Young Australian Skeptics and Jump Jump Die Gaming which focuses on video gaming news and reviews. He works at Mysterious Universe as a content creator, designer, developer and veritable jack of all trades. Special Ability: The Mouth of the South Micah Hanks is a writer and researcher whose work addresses a variety of unexplained phenomena. Over the last decade, his research has taken him into studies of the more esoteric realms of the strange and unusual, as well as cultural phenomena, human history, and the prospects of our technological future as a species as influenced by science. He is author of several books, including Magic, Mysticism and the Molecule, Reynolds Mansion: An Invitation to the Past, and his 2012 New Page Books release, The UFO Singularity. Hanks is also an executive editor for Intrepid Magazine, and writes for a variety of other publications including FATE Magazine, UFO Magazine, and New Dawn. Hanks has appeared on numerous TV and radio programs, including National Geographic’s Paranatural, the History Channel’s Guts and Bolts, CNN Radio, and The Jeff Rense Program. He also produces a weekly podcast that follows his research at his popular Website, www.gralienreport.com. Hanks lives in the heart of Appalachia near Asheville, North Carolina. Special Ability: Chupacabra Tamer Nick Redfern is the author of many books, including A Covert Agenda; The FBI Files; Cosmic Crashes; Strange Secrets (with Andy Roberts); Three Men Seeking Monsters; Body Snatchers in the Desert; On the Trail of the Saucer Spies; Celebrity Secrets; Man-Monkey; Memoirs of a Monster Hunter; There’s Something in the Woods; Science Fiction Secrets; Contactees; Monsters of Texas (with Ken Gerhard); Final Events; The NASA Conspiracies; Space Girl Dead on Spaghetti Junction; The Real Men in Black; Keep Out; The Pyramids and the Pentagon; and The World’s Weirdest Places. Forthcoming books from Nick include: Wildman; Monster Diary; Sinister Tales of the Men in Black; and Nick Redfern’s The Monster Files. Nick Redfern can be contacted at his blog: nickredfernfortean.blogspot.com Red Pill Junkie Special Ability: Double Leg Takedown No one truly knows from whence RPJ came. Some say he appeared on a dark and stormy night when the moon was full, a ghostly masked visage wreathed in mist. All that is known for certain is that he writes a mean weekly piece for Mysterious Universe called Red Pills of the Week! Special Ability: Highly skilled with crayons Rob is a former journalist and tattoo artist who has nurtured a lifelong fascination for trash cinema and the unknown. He is a co-founder of the cryptozoological website American Monsters and focuses as much time on paranormal pursuits as humanly possible, when he’s not preoccupied with his career as an illustrator, author, filmmaker and graphic designer. Rob is also a co-host on the pop-culture podcast Earth’s Mightiest Bastards. Special Ability: Possibly a Cryptid. Jason Offutt’s books include the paranormal titles, “What Lurks Beyond,” “Darkness Walks,” “Haunted Missouri,” and “Paranormal Missouri,” a humorous travelogue “Through a Corn-Swept Land,” and upcoming zombie novel “The Dead Earth.” Jason lives with his family in Northwest Missouri where he teaches college journalism, and keeps humanity safe from the forces of evil. Dr. Rita Louise Special Ability: The Power Within Bestselling author and Medical Intuitive, Dr. Rita Louise is the host of Just Energy Radio and the Founder of the Institute Of Applied Energetics. She is the author of the books Man-Made: The Chronicles Of Our Extraterrestrial Gods, Avoiding The Cosmic 2X4, Dark Angels: An Insider’s Guide To Ghosts, Spirits & Attached Entities and The Power Within as well as hundreds of articles that have been published worldwide. She has appeared on radio and television and has spoken at conferences covering topics such as health and healing, ghosts, intuition, ancient mysteries and the paranormal. For more information about Dr. Rita please visit http://www.soulhealer.com or listen to her live at http://www.justenergyradio.com. Special Ability: Can cast the Light spell once daily. Louis Proud, who lives in Darwin, Australia, is an avid writer and researcher specializing in paranormal and occult phenomena, conspiracism, and fringe science. Described by Colin Wilson as “one of the most acute commentators on the paranormal to appear in recent years,” his work has appeared in Fate, Paranormal, New Dawn, and Nexus magazines. He has written two books: Dark Intrusions (Anomalist Books, 2009) and The Secret Influence of the Moon (due to be released in December this year by Inner Traditions). His blog: http://louisproud.net 8th Kind Pty Ltd ABN 16 142 661 023 Phone +1 530 918 4070 (Voicemail only) 2/549 Willoughby Rd Willoughby NSW 2068 Call our voice mail and leave a message! +1 (530) 918 4070

Eric Chats With Alex Grecian About Proof #25 Welcome back, dear readers, as Proof Positive returns to Comic Related! Yes, it's been a few months but the wait was well worth it as Alex and I discuss issue #25 and Alex does his best to be vague in some areas. Issue #25 was a jump a year into the future to see just what happened to the lodge and some of our characters. So let's hop right in! Eric: So Alex, to start of this edition I just wanted to say congratulations on issue #25, it's a big thing for any comic to be lasting this long in the current market. I know you guys must be pretty happy about it. Alex: Thanks. Yes, we're extremely happy and grateful that we've connected with enough readers to keep Proof going this long. As you say, it's rare to make it this far in the current market (with virtually no support for indy books) and we owe a lot of it to the folks who continue to talk our book up all over the Internet. Eric: With the snag in production does this mean that 26 through 28 are completed and will come out on time with no major delays? Alex: Um... We'll see. :) The delay really took its toll on us and slowed us down. When you're not seeing the book come out, it's hard to stay focused on continuing to produce it. I don't think we'll see another delay like this one, though. Twenty-six is done and ready to go and we seem to be back on track. Part of the reason for our upcoming hiatus is so that we can make sure delays like this don't happen again. Eric: Speaking of the hiatus, is it still only planned to be a 4 month break? Alex: I'm actually not sure where that number came from because I've tried to be kind of vague about how long the break will be. We want it to be as short as possible, but we're not going to come back until we're sure that we won't face anymore big delays. I guess you could say we're shooting for four months. Eric: So getting into the issue a little...was that a Thunderbird the colonel was riding? I thought they were all lost? Alex: It was. And the flock that Proof encountered in Illinois was indeed wiped out at the end of #15, but we never said there weren't more. You'll see where they came from soon enough. ;) Eric: I was under the impression that after that arc the Thunderbirds were gone as a species and that's why it hit the team so hard. Obviously that's not the case? Alex: The Lodge was under that impression. Our team is going to be learning a lot of new things pretty soon. Among them that Mi-Chen-Po has his own Lodge somewhere in Tibet (which he revealed in a backup story a few months ago). What he keeps there is anybody's guess, but I'd say Thunderbirds and Blue Men might be good bets. Eric: The cover of the issue has the countdown to season 2 - is this to entice new readers or make sure that the long-term readers understand the book isn't going anywhere? Alex: It's really there because Richard Starkings suggested to me that it might be a good idea to count down to the relaunch. That guy knows his stuff. Yeah, we absolutely wanted to assure our readers that we're not going away, we're counting down to something big. Eric: If you don't mind me asking - and this is something I've been wanting to get into with Proof Positive for a while - what is the history of the Blue Men as cryptids? I have absolutely no knowledge of them and am definitely curious to the real world mythology of the creatures. Alex: Yeah, they're pretty obscure. They're a Scottish merbeing, kind of creepy male versions of mermaids that supposedly live in systems of undersea caverns. They would apparently swim alongside ships to lure sailors into the water, but mermaids seem more likely to accomplish that with the average sailor, so nobody really knows where this particular idea came from. They had bluish gray skin and, when I started writing Proof, I just knew that I wanted to see Riley draw these things. For our purposes, they seem likely to be mistaken for zombies when they're out of the water. Eric: So I got to a certain page last night and smiled when I saw this creature; how long have you been wanting to have a Mothman in Proof? And is it just my imagination or is it possible he could be connected to another cryptid from the series? Alex: We've planned the Mothman from the beginning, but needed to wait for a specific point to introduce him. I was able to cheat with this jump ahead, so we introduced him BEFORE we're going to introduce him. Tricky, huh? And I'm not sure which other character you think he might be connected to, so I'll just pretend I don't understand that question. ;) Eric: You just added like 5,000 layers to the rabbi character. He was working with both the Colonel and Wayne? Alex: Seems like it. He's pretty mysterious. I wanted a big surprise character, and the rabbi fit the bill perfectly since readers still don't know his motivations. Of course, by showing him there, I hope everyone will now wonder where Joe was and which side of The Cryptid War he was on. The rabbi's involvement illustrates that there are actually three sides to the war: The Lodge, Mi-Chen-Po and, afterward, Dachshund's side. Which side was Dachshund on DURING the war, though? Yeesh! What a complicated issue this was to write. Eric: So this Mothman can be expected to be a bigger character in season 2? I know I'm one reader who's definitely looking forward to finding out more about him. I think Riley's design for him was really cool as well. Alex: Yes, the Mothman will definitely be a recurring character in season two. Riley's design is bad-ass. He had a couple of other initial designs that were pretty cool too, but we wanted to go with something that was as close as possible to the actual witness descriptions of this thing, but have it work from a biological standpoint. Moths and butterflies have big fake eye patterns in order to scare off potential predators and that seemed to make a lot of sense if this thing is somehow related to those species. (And, neither here nor there, the Mothman sightings are the only cryptid stories that actually creep me out. So we'll be exploring this character quite a bit in season two.) Eric: I really think that your writing is incredibly strong here especially with characters like Joy and even Rolf who I assume will also both be getting some big screen time in season 2? Alex: First of all, thank you. Issue 25 is dicey. It's an experiment and I figure a lot of readers might hate it. I'm hoping those readers revisit it later and find clues in it that they didn't see before and maybe re-evaluate their opinions. But it was a real gamble. Joy's sticking around for the rest of season one, then he'll be absent for a while. And Rolf's one of my favorite characters, so he'll be around. Eric: I'm sure someone will yell at me if I don't ask this: Where's the ink money? Alex: It's been a while since we've seen Qi, hasn't it. He'll pop up again before the end of the season, no worries. Eric: So the Colonel made me cringe a couple times with a few of his comments towards Wayne. Is he homophobic or just an asshole? Alex: Let's say Colonel Dachshund isn't the most enlightened guy in the world. But that doesn't mean he's necessarily homophobic. He was trying to get under Wayne's skin. Obviously, it didn't work. Oh, and yeah, he's an asshole. Eric: Wayne kind of becomes a badass huh? The stuff with the pistol as well as becoming a bit of a strategist with the cryptids he has in his army? Alex: Wayne's going to go through some big changes, even before the end of season one. You might be surprised. But remember, Wayne Russet was once Proof's partner before he retired. He'd know a thing or two about guns. Eric: The Colonel had a staff made of a female fairy? Is that what happened with Joy? That scene confused me a little bit. Alex: That staff has quite a bit of history. Autumn was carrying it in this issue and Dachshund picked it up after she dropped it. Previously, the staff was carried by Mi-Chen-Po in his modern-day appearances and we hinted (in the "Julia" arc) that the staff might be made out of the skull and spinal column of Thomas Lent. For Dachshund's purposes, it was hard enough to crack a fairy-father's skin (like the stick Leander used way back in #2). As we established in #2, once a female fairy mates with a male, she hollows him out, killing him in the process. Tink, the tame female fairy (Wayne found her while cleaning out Autumn's locker in, I think, #11's backup story), has apparently mated with Joy and is pregnant. But she hasn't finished hollowing Joy out. So when Dachshund hit his leg, it didn't kill Joy, but it did cripple him. Hope that clears up that complicated bit of continuity. ;) Eric: I loved the pinups, like flat out loved them. Did you contact guys like Ken Niimura or did they approach you guys? I know Tim Seeley is a friend and I didn't recognize some of the other names on the list. I'm really curious about the process there. Alex: I sent out a sort of blanket invitation, through Image, to any other Image creators who might like to contribute to the issue. Niimura was one of the first to respond and, if I remember correctly, got his pinup in before anybody else did. Some of the pinups were from friends (like Tim) and from guys who are working with me on other projects (Chris Grine on "RocketBots," Menton Matthews on "Sin Eater," and John Amor on "Silverback"). It was amazing to see all their different takes on our characters and they're all terrific. I was even lucky enough to receive Jimmy Robinson's original from him in San Diego. It's here in my office now. Eric: So karma finally caught up with Autumn in the future huh? Alex: It did. And I don't expect anyone to notice this, but the last words she hears (from The Mothman) are from her very first page, back in Proof #5. She said those same things after stepping on a fairy. Karma, indeed. Eric: Speaking of the Autumn scene, I picked up on things a little differently. I picked up on the Mothman signaling Autumn's end and didn't even realize he was quoting her first appearance. Because in the mythology of the creatures when they appear, something bad happens. (Not sure if you ever saw the Richard Gere Mothman Prophecies movie. I swear I couldn't look out my window for like weeks.) Alex: I wouldn't say you necessarily picked up on things differently, since that was also intended. And, yeah, I saw the Gere/Mothman flick, but the actual witness sightings and subsequent weird happenings were really a lot creepier than the movie managed to convey. I've had to research the Mothman stuff a couple of times now (once when planning out the series and again before writing #25) and it's the only cryptid that seriously freaks me out. Eric: This is 100 percent the real future that's in store for the series correct? Other comics seem to go into the future and then nothing ever comes of it. Alex: Yup. This is what will be happening after a year (comic-book-time). So, not a year real-time. This is AFTER season two. Eric: Who was the guy in the radioactivity suit? Alex: That's Perry. He first showed up in #2 and then pops up occasionally to handle fairy-related problems (and he helped explore Autumn's abandoned apartment in the "Thunderbirds" arc). He's worried about catching something from a cryptid, so he always wears a hazmat suit. Eric: Have you been following the recently reported story about the Ningen in Alaska? They look like a fairly interesting possible cryptid. Alex: Nope. But now I'll go see what you're talking about. Thanks for the heads-up. Eric: So what's going on with #26 when we return to the present? And when can readers expect the issue? Alex: Well, you've got Proof's first date with Isabella, Elvis's first date with Ginger, the discovery of The Dover Demon's body, the US government closing down The Lodge, Joy's return journey to the fairy tree, something bad happens to Wayne, and a character you never thought you'd see come back... comes back. I'm probably forgetting something. A lot happens in our next issue. As usual I want to thank Alex for taking the time to talk with me, and if you ever have a question that you want to see put here in Proof Positive, email me with the question and you could see it in the next edition. We'll see you back for issue #26 as the countdown continues! Eric Ratcliffe is a young writer/pop culture journalist/interviewer currently working on pitching a project named the Hunter chronicles. When not reading his weekly stack Eric can be found watching dvd's, playing on his 360 (gamertag: Zack Hunter) or just surfing online trying to find a scoop or two. Brand new to the Comic Related family, Eric is a fun new voice. blog comments powered by Disqus

- Big·foot (b g f t ). n. A very large, hairy, humanlike creature purported to inhabit the Pacific Northwest and Canada. - Big FOOT - 44. THE NEW YORKER, FEBRUARY 25, 2008. A REpORTER AT lARgE. - Subtitle (optional), Heading 3 style, size 14 - Bigfoot. Smart RF Tag. Applications. - Bigfoot Fun Run Flyer - DRAFT 2011 - 2nd Annual Bigfoot. 5K & 10K Fun Runs. Mail form and entry fee check payable to: Yacolt Citizens' Committee. - Bigfoot Discovery Project (BDP) - Bigfoot Discovery Project (BDP). CapriTaurus. Bigfoot Discovery Museum. - The bigfoot package version 1.25 - The bigfoot package version 1.25. David Kastrup∗. - Bigfoot hunter in the spotlight - By Heath McCoy, Calgary Herald August 29, 2011 Calgary documentary filmmaker Todd Standing has long maintained Bigfoot really exists and says he's had encounters with the legendary creatures. - BIGFOOT SIGHTED! (on little puppy) - Little did we expect to find Bigfoot among the puppies transported (see photos). This little guy has some of the largest feet we've ever seen, and we've seen plenty! - TV crew comes to Carlton County looking for Bigfoot - Ranae Holland of “Finding Bigfoot” talks with fans outside the Lakeside Community Club near Wright. (Jana Peterson / email@example.com ) Add Bigfoot to the list of possible wild animals to call northern Minnesota home. - Expert discredits Kettle River brothers' Bigfoot footprint find - “There have been (Bigfoot) sightings in the (Kettle River/Automba) area,” Siltanen said, adding that he knew of at least three more-recent ones and recalled people in high school talking about Bigfoot sightings. - 5 car repair myths that can save you cash - NEW YORK (MainStreet) -- Urban legends aren't exclusive to Bigfoot and the ability of Leprechauns to find gold. The car repair business is loaded with myths too, and left un-debunked (bunked?), they can hit you in the wallet big time. - Bigfoot Field Researchers Organization - Includes geographic database, theories, research projects, and tips on collecting evidence. - Bigfoot - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - Bigfoot, also known as sasquatch, is an ape-like cryptid that purportedly inhabits forests, mainly in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. - Bigfoot Encounters - Includes news, sightings, stories, newspaper and magazine clippings, videos, and interviews. - Bigfoot – Leaving Lasting Footprints in the World of Entertainment - Get the latest Bigfoot news and updates by liking us on Facebook. Bigfoot and the Bigfoot footprint are trademarks and service marks. - Oregon Bigfoot pictures, bigfoot sounds, bigfoot photos, bigfoot - Aug 8, 2011 Oregon Bigfoot bigfoot photos, bigfoot sounds, video and database of bigfoot and sasquatch sightings in Oregon and nationwide. Bigfoot is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Bigfoot books and related discussion. Suggested Pdf Resources Suggested News Resources Suggested Web Resources Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site. Related searchesescape to victory list of cast characters san bernardino county california gang violence bullfighting bullfighting terms hydrolysis irreversibility of hydrolysis under physiological conditions slave rebellion list of north american slave revolts

Wednesday, August 10, 2011 The following was forwarded to me by Jason K. in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. Jason states that his landlord (Chuck) had an encounter with what he describes as a wolfman on August 5th in Baraga County, Upper Peninsula, Michigan on his way to Lake Teddy. I contacted Jason to inform him that a similar creature had been seen by a reader (Rhonda) and her son in nearby Tioga, Baraga County in the Autumn of 2008 (which is posted below). First is Chuck's account of his recent experience: I was driving north on Craig Lake Rd. towards Teddy Lake. As I approached Nestoria Rd. I noticed something move off the edge of the road into the woods. It was around 6:30 am and a little bit dewy and foggy at that time but I definitely saw something move. I stopped at the intersection and watched across Nestoria Rd. I first thought is was a moose but this it was too agile. I took a slow left turn and looked to my right into the woods. I didn't see anything so I looked forward and sped up. Immediately, this animal ran out of the woods in front of my car and jumped across the road to the south side. I mean it took 3 long strides and was gone - almost like it vanished through an invisible wall! I was shocked. I continued driving for a few minutes but had to pull off and stop. I was literally shaking from head to toe. I sat there wondering what that was. It was on all fours and had back legs like those of a large man. It had jet black fur and looked like a very large wolf other than the back legs and the human-like rump. There was no tail. The profile of the head and snout were that of a wolf. It didn't make a sound. I made it to the lake and drove back home in the same direction on Sunday. I'm sure many of you are familiar with the Dogman reports in Michigan and Wisconsin. In fact, there have been a few similar sightings in Ohio and Pennsylvania. Here is Rhonda's account: Wednesday, July 15, 2009 - Last fall, my son and I were driving on US-41/M-28 towards Three Lakes in Michigan's Upper Peninsula (where I live). The beast ran across the highway near Tioga Creek. I had not heard of this before reading Phantoms and Monsters, but this is exactly what we saw. We are familiar with all animals living here. Moose regularly cross in front of drivers, so we watch the sides of the roads carefully. We were very puzzled and thought it might be some mutant wolf and could not figure out what we witnessed. It ran fairly fast about 50 feet in front of our truck. It was so strange because the front of it was much higher up than the back, larger than a wolf. Very strange to see it on your website. NOTE: I contacted the witness and asked for any further detail of the sighting. This is what I received: It did not look exactly like the video or drawings I saw, but VERY close. The side view shape of the animal was almost like an ape shape, with the front legs longer than the back legs which made it run funny. It ran like a bear runs, with the exception of the back legs being shorter if you can picture that. The front, from the angle I saw, looked like it must of had a wide chest. The head appeared wolf-like, but it definitely was NOT a wolf. The color was brown and black mixed. The hair seemed med-long, like a wolf, and I remember thinking it might of had mange, must of had patches of hair missing. I was telling my son, who is 13, about what I had found on your site and asked him what he remembered. He gave the same description, how very strange and out of place it was. He said that this spring he saw the same type of thing on a logging road near our house (I do remember him telling me that at that time) and it was the same thing. He was riding his dirt bike (we live in an extremely remote area) and it ran across the trail. I know where he is talking about because I pick berries there and do get a weird feeling like something is watching me. A neighbor told me that area is "Bigfoot Central", which I did not know or believe. But after doing further research today, there are a lot of reports of strange creatures in this area that go back many, many years. Who knows what it is, but as long as it's not hurting anything, I hope it is left alone. I am very familiar with the wildlife. I do hunt and know my tracks. I have not seen any strange tracks, but now will really keep my eyes open. Please keep me informed if you get any other reports from my area. Rhonda NOTE: Here's a link to another similar account in Wisconsin - Wisconsin Dogman Sighting and Strange Encounter in Cheboygan County, Michigan. Approximately two year ago, the infamous Gable Film was proven to be a hoax....but there have been several credible sightings of this cryptid. What are your thoughts? Lon

I’ve always been a fan of cryptids. When I was young and still a believer, Bigfoot and the Loch Ness Monster fascinated me; now that I’m older and skeptical, I still enjoy reading about cryptids, albeit in completely different ways. So it was that I’ve been following the case of a “real life” cryptid in my home state recently, one that draws an interesting contrast between actual “hidden animals” and those more mythical monsters of cryptid lore. There once was a permanent population of cougars in Michigan, mainly in the Upper Peninsula. Cougars are dangerous to livestock, however, and occasionally to humans; and so efforts to control or eliminate the predator were undertaken over a century ago. They were successful — the Cougar was officially eliminated in Michigan in the early part of the twentieth century. But starting in the 1970s, stories began to surface that cougars were being spotted in the state. It began as verbal reports, but soon some blurry photos and even a few rumored track marks began to surface. Some people thought the sightings were misidentifications of wolves or other forest creatures; others thought that any big cat wandering around the state might be escaped pets or zoo animals; a few suggested that the sightings might be an occasional big cat from Canada or Wisconson wandering out of its natural territory But these unconfirmed sightings kept coming, and people began to believe that, just maybe, cougars had returned to Michigan. If tales of the Michigan Cougar had stopped there, then the story would be no more interesting than Nessie or Bigfoot — and maybe less interesting, since a modern cougar wound never spark the kind of decades-long fervent search that Bigfoot or Nessie have. There haven’t been well-financed expeditions to the forests of the Upper Peninsula in search of the beast, and Leonard Nimoy never did a voiceover for the Mighigan cougar episode of In Search Of. Yet as the years have gone by, a small core of interested people — hunters, hikers, environmentalists, DNR agents – have done something that all those well financed Nessie hunters and well-geared Sasquatch hunters never have: they amassed actual, fairly unambiguous evidence for the cougar’s existence. Cougar feces, prey carcasses, clearer pictures, even the occasional grainy nighttime video all pointed to the existence of the modern Michigan Cougar. And then, this past summer, a digital trail camera snapped an incredible photo:Not a blurry night shot of what might be a Bigfoot or a grizzly bear; not a shaky video of rustling foliage that might (or might not) be a creature moving; but a clear-as-day digital image of a cougar stalking through a Michigan forest. Every biker, hiker, and fisherman nowadays is carrying a camera-equipped smartphone, yet not even a single clear photograph of a Sasquatch or Yeti has ever surfaced. With all the cameras, all the dollars, all the people looking — why hasn’t a photo like this been taken of the Loch Ness Monster? Heck, there’s an entire television crew out there filming in the woods for Sasquatch, yet none of their equipment can come close to this digital snap taken by a lone trail camera in the Michigan wilderness. The Michigan Cougar was a true cryptid. And since it was real, it played out in a logical way. As methods of detection improved, so too has the trail of evidence, and finally we have enough clear, concrete evidence to say that, yes, the Michigan Cougar is back. It might not have the mystery or allure of a surviving plesiosaur or a hidden hominid. But that’s the point. Real “hidden creatures” aren’t magical or fantastical; they’re real, they’re grounded in the real world, and — if they actually exist — they’re eventually found.

An RPG site that is based off of Rick Riordan's Percy Jackson series! Come join Camp Half-Blood and RP, chat, and meet new campers! Have fun and watch out for monsters! A Percy Jackson and the Olympians RPG. Free forum : Half-Blood Hill There was an idea to bring together a group of remarkable people, so when we needed them, they could fight the battles that we never could. . . This isn't about those battles; this is about their live The Stooges Forum is an unofficial Stooges fan forum dedicated to the discussion and dissemination of the Stooges music and history. This forum is for the players of the game Battlepath Monsters. This forum is dedicated to the Contra Clan A privately ran Role playing game. Free forum : For Chapin HighSchool's Guitar Club. Free forum : Welcome to Hidden Creatures, the forum of cryptozoology. Discuss your opinions on Bigfoot, Nessie, and others. #free, #forum, #hidden, #creatures, #cryptozoology, #discuss, #your, #opinions, #bigfoot, #nessie, #others, #cryptid, #mokele, #mbembe, #kongamato, #cryptids, #monster, #monsters, #loch, #ness, #sasquatch A Dungeons and Dragons coliseum set in the world of Eventyr, where tournaments are held between heroes, villians, and monsters alike. Free forum : 20 years have passed. Worlds have changed. Duel Monsters had grown more and more dangerous. One day, hell broke loose. Duel Monsters began to gain minds of their own. Welcome to Azeroth, where all type of monsters live. The Horde and Allance are in a never ending battle, what are you? We are a group of duelists out to prove our strength to the world of duel monsters. Functioning through dueling network we aim at improving and having amazing duels. It's a far-out game. Two games, to be precise. Free forum : Welcome to Camp Half Blood, home to children of the Greek Gods! Roleplay here, or even discuss the books! Included: Camp Jupiter/The new Rome

Posted by: Loren Coleman on December 21st, 2008 Top New Cartoon of 2008 honors go to CryptoZooey (example, above) by Steve Troop Top Ten Cryptozoology Books of 2008 by Loren Coleman, Cryptozoology A to Z This gathering encompasses the top picks for books published in 2008, specifically detailing various aspects of the field of cryptozoology (the study of unknown, hidden, and as yet to be verified animals). In general, it was a thin year for new and original titles and a good twelve months for reprints of classic books. With the exception of the rare notables, 2008 was a disappointment in terms of innovative book-length analyses of individual cryptids (the animals that are the focus of cryptozoology). The present state of instant publishing, sadly, has resulted in so-called cryptozoology books being printed that contain passages like this one: “Some of the more famous cryptids include the following: Bigfoot, Sasquatch, The Yetti [sic], The Yowie, The Lock [sic] Ness Monster (‘Nessie’).” Unfortunately, without good editors, more books like that unnamed example may start popping up in the future. But those won’t be mentioned on my lists and hopefully they will fade away. Readers do the final weeding out, and these suggestions are merely my gleaming of the finer tomes that have made it to my reading lamp. Therefore, here listed are my top choices, from the copies of credible books sent or purchased for review. Please note, each book is acknowledged and noted for a speciality unto itself. My congratulations to the hard-working researchers and authors who compiled these winners. #1 – Cryptozoology Book of the Year – Best Cryptid Book of the Year Read more about this book here. # 2 – Bigfoot Book of the Year The Hoopa Project by David Paulides # 3 – Sasquatch History Books of the Year (tie) Giants, Cannibals & Monsters: Bigfoot in Native Culture by Kathy Moskowitz Strain Bigfoot Encounters in New York & New England by Paul B. Bartholomew & Robert E. Bartholomew #4 – Mystery Cat Book of the Year Big Cats in Britain Yearbook 2008 by Mark Fraser #5 – Yeti Book of the Year Abominable Snowmen: Legend Come to Life by Ivan T. Sanderson #6 – Expedition Books of the Year (three-way tie) There’s Something in the Woods by Nick Redfern CFZ Expedition Report: Guyana 2007 by The Centre for Fortean Zoology #7 – Cryptozoology Field Guide of the Year Monster Hunt: The Guide to Cryptozoology by Rory Storm #8 – Historical Cryptozoology Book of the Year In the Wake of Bernard Heuvelmans by Michael A Woodley #9 – Academic Cryptozoology Book of the Year #10 – Cryptozoology Art Book of The Year Beasts!: Book Two by Jacob Covey Werewolf Books of the Year Werewolves by Linda S. Godfrey and Rosemary Ellen Guiley Notable Cryptofiction Titles The Devil’s Ridge by Andre Bergeron The Ape Cave Horror: The Sasquatch Encounters Two by Clint Romag Books not received cannot be read, reviewed, and referred for a spot on the annual lists. Please forward copies of your books to the address below. Separate cryptofiction and children’s book listings may be forthcoming, if more submissions appear to warrant a fuller selection process. Save The Museum! Donations, via a check, money order, or, if outside the USA, an international postal money order sent to the “International Cryptozoology Museum” supports the research and saving of the collection. Please send contributions to: International Cryptozoology Museum c/o Loren Coleman PO Box 360 Portland, ME 04112 You may also merely use PayPal to LColeman@maine.rr.com An easy-to-use donation button is now available merely by clicking the blank button below, which takes you to a donation site without you having to be a member of PayPal. Thank you! Happy New Year! Loren Coleman is one of the world’s leading cryptozoologists, some say “the” leading living cryptozoologist. Certainly, he is acknowledged as the current living American researcher and writer who has most popularized cryptozoology in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Starting his fieldwork and investigations in 1960, after traveling and trekking extensively in pursuit of cryptozoological mysteries, Coleman began writing to share his experiences in 1969. An honorary member of Ivan T. Sanderson’s Society for the Investigation of the Unexplained in the 1970s, Coleman has been bestowed with similar honorary memberships of the North Idaho College Cryptozoology Club in 1983, and in subsequent years, that of the British Columbia Scientific Cryptozoology Club, CryptoSafari International, and other international organizations. He was also a Life Member and Benefactor of the International Society of Cryptozoology (now-defunct). Loren Coleman’s daily blog, as a member of the Cryptomundo Team, served as an ongoing avenue of communication for the ever-growing body of cryptozoo news from 2005 through 2013. He returned as an infrequent contributor beginning Halloween week of 2015. Coleman is the founder in 2003, and current director of the International Cryptozoology Museum in Portland, Maine.

Between the ruined Mayan cities of Kabah and Uxmal, in the Mexican state of Yucatán, there is a red church on a hill. The interior is lined with strange wooden shrines, their doors ajar like cabinets of curiosities. A caretaker who was clearing away the guttered candles welcomed us and said sadly, “We don’t hold so many religious festivals these days. Because of the chupacabra, you see.” The chupacabra? It translates literally as “goatsucker” – a cryptid, or mythical beast, that the villagers of Santa Elena believe preys on livestock. If you hold a festival you are just asking for the chupacabra to saunter along and pick off the goats and pigs you bring to feed the festival-goers. So it’s best not to hold festivals in the first place. Superstition runs deep here – as deep, indeed, as el inframundo, the underworld, which underpinned the beliefs of the old Mayan civilisation of Mexico and Central America. This year the eyes of the world are turning afresh on this extraordinary people and period of history. This is because, according to selective interpretation of Mayan cosmology, time reaches its sell-by date on December 21, or possibly December 12. The whole shebang has been whipped up by a potent mixture of new archaeological finds, conspiracy – and apocalypse-peddlers on the internet. This month it was reported that remains of what could be a Mayan city had been found in eastern Honduras. A couple of weeks ago a new discovery was announced at the Mayan site of Xultun in Guatemala that is bound to fuel the hysteria. In a small chamber dating from the ninth century, archaeologists have uncovered hieroglyphs that represent the oldest known Mayan calendar. It’s a reminder, if any were needed in this auspicious year, that the Maya were the original time lords. By common agreement, the Mayan calendar suggests merely that a cycle of time is due to conclude this December – but myths have clung like lianas to the Maya since early European explorers believed them to have been one of the Lost Tribes of Israel. And in any case the Armageddon scenario is a gift for the tourism authorities, which are expecting a bumper crop of visitors in 2012. My journey back through the time cycles began in one of the world’s great portals to the past, the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City. Here you learn that the Maya were the greatest civilisation of Mesoamerica, the term for the cultures of Central America before the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century. Their heyday of power and influence, known as the Classic Period, was from AD300 to 900 and it was in this time that they developed great cities such as Palenque and Chichén Itzá and became brilliant astronomers and mathematicians. In the old lands of the Maya – the south-eastern Mexican states of Chiapas and Yucatán, and across Guatemala, Belize, Honduras and El Salvador – the indigenous people are nominally Christian these days. But the old belief systems remain as intoxicating to them as the cane liquor they drink. To experience this living history for myself I flew south-east to Chiapas, a region of rainforest and exotic birds, of fiestas and political radicalism, where a quarter of the population of four million is indigenous, mostly of Mayan origin. In the colonial town of San Cristóbal de las Casas I wandered the elevated pavements through streets of brightly painted houses and crossed a plaza with a café hidden in the bandstand like a rabbit in a hat. When the conquistadors arrived in this hilly region in the 1520s, the glories of Mayan civilisation were long past. The Spanish found a hostile people steeped in heretical beliefs, and promptly imposed Roman Catholicism on them, destroying temples and icons and punishing the old ways, often brutally. “They concentrated the Maya in reducciones – mission villages – gave them a patron saint and showed them how to worship,” explained my guide, Hector Mejia (like all my guides in Mexico, he was a mestizo, of mixed Spanish and indigenous ancestry). The Maya took on the outward forms of Catholic observance and, today, many remain deeply religious. In the church of Santo Domingo in San Cristóbal, the devoutness of a huddled old couple was palpable – but their expressions of devotion were strange. “He is 'pulsing’ her,” whispered Hector, indicating the man’s fingers on the woman’s wrist. “He is a healer. The Maya believe that blood is the path to the spirit world. They can tell what is wrong with you by feeling your pulse, and make you feel better.” The healers are the priests of the old belief system. To witness them at work we drove six miles north-west to the Mayan village of San Juan Chamula, where the Day of San Sebastian was being celebrated with music, revels and devotion. In a church strewn with pine needles, festooned with white flowers and heady with copal incense, a band played – deafening drums and trumpets – kneeling shamans healed pilgrims by holding sacrificial chickens above their bodies, then wringing the fowls’ necks, and intoxicated men swigged posh (cane liquor) from old soda bottles. They didn’t keep it all to themselves – every second mouthful they blew over worshippers in a mist of clear alcohol. As we watched – strictly no photographs, or even note-taking – a healer lit two small candles and placed them at our feet. This is to ward off fear, according to Mayan ritual, but the healer had slightly misread our expressions. It was amazement, not fear, we felt. For a moment, we had felt transported to pre-Hispanic times. The following day we took that journey for real, driving north-east across the Chiapas highlands into a nexus of Classic Period sites. Our first stop was Palenque, a complex of limestone pyramid tombs and temples that seems to hover among the jungled hills. It wasn’t until the late 18th century that Europeans came across Palenque, and initial accounts were fanciful and romantic, likening it to the Lost City of Atlantis and ascribing to it all sorts of fantastical origins. In slanting afternoon sunlight, it was easy to imagine those early explorers getting carried away. Toucans flew overhead. Iguanas slithered metallically across the old stones. In the Tomb of the Red Queen two grungy young Americans – no doubt the advance guard of the apocalypse followers – were meditating in front of the Red Queen’s sarcophagus (they broke off to glare at me as I bumbled along taking photographs). This is the stuff of Rider Haggard novels or Indiana Jones movies, and the ruins of Yaxchilán, 80 miles south-east, are even more suggestive. The only way to reach them is on a 40-minute motorboat ride along the Usumacinta River, which forms the border with Guatemala. The site appears abruptly on the southern river bank – a tangle of vegetation and stone terraces like a skeleton in its rotting shroud. Here, where rulers such as Shield Jaguar I and Bird Jaguar IV once presided over a powerful city state, the light is green and brooding, filtered through vast rainforest trees with serpent-like surface roots. Parrots and howler monkeys screeched and bellowed through the tree canopy, while bats hung in the clammy tunnels of the labyrinth. Apart from a brief flurry of noise and movement produced by an Italian tour group, we had the stelae, altars, hilltop temples and subterranean passageways of Yaxchilán to ourselves. For many years, scholars had an idealised view of the culture that had produced such places. My guide in Yucatán, Pepe Gonzalez, likened early interpretations of the Maya to the fictional land envisaged by Thomas More in Utopia. But there was another side, summed up in two words: human sacrifice. It was the discovery of the next site on our itinerary, Bonampak, that shed new light on the nature and extent of sacrificial practices, darkening history’s view of the Mayan civilisation. I had a personal interest in Bonampak because I know the daughter of the man who “discovered” it, an American photographer and adventurer called Giles Healey. Bonampak is buried deep in the jungle in the lands of the Lacandon Indians, a Mayan group, near what is now the Guatemalan border. This region is so remote it was not colonised by the Spanish, and the Lacandon were never converted to Catholicism. In 1946 Healey – an Indiana Jones figure if ever there was one – was led to the overgrown site by two Lacandon who had stumbled on it while hunting with bows and arrows. Nowadays Lacandon taxi drivers, distinctively long-haired and wearing white robes, ferry visitors the last few miles to the site. Our driver said matter-of-factly, “Giles Healey? Oh yes. My mother’s brother was Pepe Chambor. He was the one who showed Healey the murals.” Bonampak is relatively small and unremarkable – except for one unique feature. In a temple on a hill there are three chambers covered in paintings, of a graphicness and sophistication found nowhere else in the Mayan world. They depict a battle and its aftermath. A band plays. Prisoners plead for their lives as they are tortured by having their fingernails pulled out. A severed head rolls down steps. White-robed women practise auto-sacrifice by piercing their tongues and birdmen bleed their penises. The world portrayed and celebrated here is bizarre and unsettling. Murals at the grandest Mayan site of all, Chichén Itzá in Yucatán, tell a similarly brutal story, and it is thought that the sacrifice of humans at Chichén Itzá’s sacred cenote, a well of some 200ft in diameter, continued into colonial times – which is a bit too close for comfort, I thought, as I stood on the limestone lip of the cenote gazing down on its green waters. The day after visiting Chichén Itzá we dropped in on the church of Santa Elena, the red church on the hill that is haunted by the mythical goatsucker. In 1980, during restoration work, the bodies of 12 children were found buried beneath the church. The part-mummified remains of four of them lie in little wooden coffins in a museum next door. These children died probably no more than 200 years ago, in what circumstances no one knows. But, having just heard about the chupacabra, and mindful of the sacrificial well at Chichén Itzá, I was struck by a thought. It is possible the children were sacrificed, following pre-Hispanic Mayan tradition, and that the time lords of the Classic Period were still pulling strings long after their demise. My trip across south-eastern Mexico threw up several such moments, when it felt as if the Maya were reaching forward from their past into our future. This December they will finally let time go, having reminded us of a truth that T S Eliot understood: “Time present and time past / Are both perhaps present in time future / And time future contained in time past.” Nigel Richardson's tour of Mayan Mexico was arranged by Journey Latin America (020 8747 8315; journeylatin america.co.uk). A 15-day trip costs from £2,061 per person, visiting Chiapas and Yucatán and taking in Mexico City and a beach stay in Tulum on the Caribbean coast, at the S & S Hip Hotel. The price includes private excursions to the sites, land transport, breakfast and three domestic flights. International flights cost extra. British Airways (0844 493 0787; ba.com) operates four non-stop flights a week to Mexico City; returns from £845.79.

Culture of the United Kingdom |Part of a series on the| The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power, its predominantly Christian religious life, and its composition of four countries—England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism. The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture. British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture. The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology, producing world-leading scientists (e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin) and inventions. Sport is an important part of British culture; numerous sports originated in the country, including football. The UK has been described as a "cultural superpower", and London has been described as a world cultural capital. The Industrial Revolution, which started in the UK, had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world. As a result of the British Empire, significant British influence can be observed in the language, law, culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries, including Australia, Canada, India, the Republic of Ireland, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, South Africa, the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations. These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere, and are among Britain's closest allies. In turn the empire also influenced British culture, particularly British cuisine. - 1 Language - 2 The Arts - 2.1 Literature - 2.2 Theatre - 2.3 Music - 2.4 Cinema - 2.5 Broadcasting - 2.6 Print - 2.7 Visual arts - 2.8 Design - 2.9 Performing arts, carnivals, parades - 2.10 Architecture - 2.11 Comics - 3 British honours system - 4 Folklore - 5 National parks, Museums, Libraries, and Galleries - 6 Science and technology - 7 Religion - 8 Politics - 9 Cuisine - 10 Sport - 11 System of measurement, roads - 12 Automobiles - 13 Sea, rail transport to continental Europe - 14 Healthcare - 15 Pets - 16 National costume and dress - 17 Symbols, flags, and emblems - 18 Traditional communication and greeting cards - 19 Education - 20 Sociological issues - 21 Anglophilia - 22 Naming conventions - 23 See also - 24 Notes - 25 References - 26 External links Individual countries within the UK have frameworks for the promotion of their indigenous languages. In Wales, all pupils at state schools must either be taught through the medium of Welsh or study it as an additional language until age 16, and the Welsh Language Act 1993 and the Government of Wales Act 1998 provide that the Welsh and English languages should be treated equally in the public sector, so far as is reasonable and practicable. Irish and Ulster Scots enjoy limited use alongside English in Northern Ireland, mainly in publicly commissioned translations. The Gaelic Language (Scotland) Act, passed by the Scottish Parliament in 2005, recognised Gaelic as an official language of Scotland, commanding equal respect with English, and required the creation of a national plan for Gaelic to provide strategic direction for the development of the Gaelic language.[note 2] There is also a campaign under way to recognise Scots as a language in Scotland, though this remains controversial. The Cornish language enjoys neither official recognition nor promotion by the state in Cornwall. Under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, the UK Government has committed to the promotion of certain linguistic traditions. The United Kingdom has ratified the charter for: Welsh (in Wales), Scottish Gaelic and Scots (in Scotland), Cornish (in Cornwall), and Irish and Ulster Scots (in Northern Ireland). British Sign Language is also a recognised language. Owing to its long history, dialects and regional accents vary amongst the four countries of the United Kingdom, as well as within the countries themselves. Some cities in close proximity have a different dialect and accent, such as Scousers from Liverpool and Mancunians from Manchester who are separated by just 35 miles. Notable Scouse speakers include John Lennon and Paul McCartney from The Beatles while Mancunians include Liam and Noel Gallagher from Oasis. The Cockney accent is spoken by working class Londoners – Michael Caine is a notable exponent, as is the Cockney flower girl Eliza Doolittle from My Fair Lady whose dialect includes words that are common among working class Londoners, such as ain't; "I ain't done nothing wrong" said Doolittle. Received Pronunciation is the accent of standard English in the UK, with speakers including the British Royal Family. Brummie is the dialect of people from Birmingham, west midlands of England – notable Brummies include rock musicians Ozzy Osbourne (and all other members of Black Sabbath), Jeff Lynne (ELO), and Rob Halford (Judas Priest). Geordie is the dialect of people from Tyneside in northeast England – musicians Brian Johnson (AC/DC), Mark Knopfler (Dire Straits) and Sting are Geordies (though Sting has lost much of his Geordie accent and speaks in a standard English accent). Notable exponents of the Scottish accent include Sean Connery, comedian Billy Connolly, and The Proclaimers (their song "I'm Gonna Be (500 Miles)" showcases their strong Scottish accent). The West Country accent from southwest England is identified in film as "pirate speech" – cartoon-like "Ooh arr, me 'earties! Sploice the mainbrace!" talk is very similar, while famous pirates hailed from this region, including Blackbeard; West Country native Robert Newton's performance as Long John Silver in films standardised the pirate voice. The Northern Irish accent includes golfer Rory McIlroy and actor Liam Neeson, also the actor Daniel Day-Lewis adopts a strong Northern Irish accent on In the Name of the Father. The actor Russell Brand has a strong Essex accent, actor Sean Bean is known for his distinctive Yorkshire accent, the comedian Eric Morecambe possessed a Lancashire accent while English speakers in a Welsh accent include Michael Sheen, Tom Jones and Catherine Zeta-Jones. At its formation, the United Kingdom inherited the literary traditions of England, Scotland and Wales, including the earliest existing native literature written in the Celtic languages, Old English literature and more recent English literature including the works of Geoffrey Chaucer, William Shakespeare and John Milton. The early 18th century is known as the Augustan Age of English literature. The poetry of the time was highly formal, as exemplified by the works of Alexander Pope, and the English novel became popular, with Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe (1721), Samuel Richardson's Pamela (1740) and Henry Fielding's Tom Jones (1749). Completed after nine years work, Samuel Johnson's A Dictionary of the English Language was published in 1755, and was viewed as the pre-eminent British dictionary until the completion of the Oxford English Dictionary 150 years later. From the late 18th century, the Romantic period showed a flowering of poetry comparable with the Renaissance 200 years earlier, and a revival of interest in vernacular literature. In Scotland the poetry of Robert Burns revived interest in Scots literature, and the Weaver Poets of Ulster were influenced by literature from Scotland. In Wales the late 18th century saw the revival of the eisteddfod tradition, inspired by Iolo Morganwg. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), by Mary Wollstonecraft, is one of the earliest works of feminist philosophy. Major poets in 19th century English literature included William Blake, William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Alfred Lord Tennyson, John Keats, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Edward Lear (the limerick), Percy Shelley and Lord Byron. The Victorian era was the golden age of the realistic English novel, with Jane Austen, the Brontë sisters (Charlotte, Emily and Anne), Charles Dickens, William Thackeray, George Eliot and Thomas Hardy. World War I gave rise to British war poets and writers such as Wilfred Owen, Siegfried Sassoon, Robert Graves and Rupert Brooke who wrote (often paradoxically) of their expectations of war, and/or their experiences in the trenches. The most widely popular writer of the early years of the 20th century was arguably Rudyard Kipling, the youngest ever recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature. His novels include The Jungle Book and The Man Who Would Be King'. His poem If— is a national favourite. Like William Ernest Henley's poem Invictus, it is a memorable evocation of Victorian stoicism and a "stiff upper lip". Notable Irish writers include Oscar Wilde, James Joyce, Bram Stoker, Jonathan Swift, George Bernard Shaw and W. B. Yeats. The Celtic Revival stimulated a new appreciation of traditional Irish literature. The Scottish Renaissance of the early 20th century brought modernism to Scottish literature as well as an interest in new forms in the literatures of Scottish Gaelic and Scots. The English novel developed in the 20th century into much greater variety and it remains today the dominant English literary form. Other prominent novelists from the UK include George Orwell, C. S. Lewis, H. G. Wells, Robert Louis Stevenson, Arthur Conan Doyle, D. H. Lawrence, Mary Shelley, Lewis Carroll, J. R. R. Tolkien, Virginia Woolf, Ian Fleming, Walter Scott, Agatha Christie, J. M. Barrie, Joseph Conrad, Graham Greene, E. M. Forster, Aldous Huxley, Roald Dahl, Arthur C. Clarke, Daphne du Maurier, Alan Moore, Ian McEwan, Anthony Burgess, Evelyn Waugh, William Golding, Salman Rushdie, Douglas Adams, P. G. Wodehouse, Martin Amis, J. G. Ballard, Beatrix Potter, A. A. Milne, Philip Pullman, Terry Pratchett, H. Rider Haggard, Enid Blyton, Neil Gaiman and J. K. Rowling. Important British poets of the 20th century include Rudyard Kipling, W. H. Auden, Ted Hughes, Philip Larkin, T. S. Eliot, John Betjeman and Dylan Thomas. Created in 1969, the Man Booker Prize is the highest profile British literary award. It is awarded each year in early October for the best original novel, written in English and published in the UK. In 2003 the BBC carried out a UK survey entitled The Big Read in order to find the "nation's best-loved novel" of all time, with works by English novelists J. R. R. Tolkien, Jane Austen, Philip Pullman, Douglas Adams and J. K. Rowling making up the top five on the list. Known for his macabre, darkly comic, fantasy children's books, Roald Dahl is frequently ranked the best children's author in UK polls. From its formation in 1707, the United Kingdom has had a vibrant tradition of theatre, much of it inherited from England and Scotland. The West End is the main theatre district in the UK. The West End's Theatre Royal in Covent Garden in the City of Westminster dates back to the mid 17th century, making it the oldest London theatre. Opened in 1768, the Theatre Royal at the Bristol Old Vic is the oldest continually-operating theatre in the English speaking world. In the 18th century, the highbrow and provocative Restoration comedy lost favour, to be replaced by sentimental comedy, domestic tragedy such as George Lillo's The London Merchant (1731), and by an overwhelming interest in Italian opera. Popular entertainment became more important in this period than ever before, with fair-booth burlesque and mixed forms that are the ancestors of the English music hall. These forms flourished at the expense of other forms of English drama, which went into a long period of decline. By the early 19th century it was no longer represented by stage plays at all, but by the closet drama, plays written to be privately read in a "closet" (a small domestic room). In 1847, a critic using the pseudonym "Dramaticus" published a pamphlet describing the parlous state of British theatre. Production of serious plays was restricted to the patent theatres, and new plays were subject to censorship by the Lord Chamberlain's Office. At the same time, there was a burgeoning theatre sector featuring a diet of low melodrama and musical burlesque; but critics described British theatre as driven by commercialism and a "star" system. A change came in the late 19th century with the plays on the London stage by the Irishmen George Bernard Shaw and Oscar Wilde, who influenced domestic English drama and revitalised it. The Shakespeare Memorial Theatre was opened in Shakespeare's birthplace Stratford upon Avon in 1879; and Herbert Beerbohm Tree founded an Academy of Dramatic Art at Her Majesty's Theatre in 1904. Producer Richard D'Oyly Carte brought together librettist W. S. Gilbert and composer Arthur Sullivan, nurtured their collaboration, and had their first success with Trial by Jury. Among Gilbert and Sullivan's best known comic operas are H.M.S. Pinafore, The Pirates of Penzance and The Mikado. Carte built the West End's Savoy Theatre in 1881 to present their joint works, and through the inventor of electric light Sir Joseph Swan, the Savoy was the first theatre, and the first public building in the world, to be lit entirely by electricity. In 1895, Lyceum Theatre stage actor Henry Irving became the first actor to be awarded a knighthood. The performing arts theatre Sadler's Wells, under Lilian Baylis, nurtured talent that led to the development of an opera company, which became the English National Opera (ENO); a theatre company, which evolved into the National Theatre; and a ballet company, which eventually became the English Royal Ballet. Making his professional West End debut at the Garrick Theatre in 1911, flamboyant playwright, composer and actor Noël Coward had a career spanning over 50 years, in which he wrote many comic plays, and over a dozen musical theatre works. Laurence Olivier, Ralph Richardson and John Gielgud dominated British theatre of the mid-20th century. The National Theatre's largest auditorium is named after Olivier, and he is commemorated in the Laurence Olivier Awards, given annually by the Society of London Theatre. Lionel Bart's 1960 musical Oliver! (based on Charles Dickens novel) contains the songs "Food, Glorious Food", "Consider Yourself" and "You've Got to Pick a Pocket or Two". Oliver! has received thousands of performances in British schools since. In July 1962, a board was set up to supervise construction of a National Theatre in London, and a separate board was constituted to run a National Theatre Company and lease the Old Vic theatre. The Company remained at the Old Vic until 1976, when the new South Bank building was opened. A National Theatre of Scotland was set up in 2006. Today the West End of London has many theatres, particularly centred on Shaftesbury Avenue. A prolific composer of musical theatre in the 20th century, Andrew Lloyd Webber has been referred to as "the most commercially successful composer in history". His musicals, which include The Phantom of the Opera, Cats, Jesus Christ Superstar and Evita, have dominated the West End for a number of years and have travelled around the world as well as being turned into films. Lloyd Webber has worked with producer Cameron Mackintosh, lyricist Tim Rice, actor Michael Crawford, actress and singer Sarah Brightman, while his musicals originally starred Elaine Paige, who with continued success has become known as the First Lady of British Musical Theatre. First performed in 1952, Agatha Christie's The Mousetrap has seen more than 25,000 performances in the West End, and is the longest-running West End show. The Woman in Black is the second longest running stage play. Written by Catherine Johnson, Mamma Mia! is the West End's longest running jukebox musical. Richard O'Brien's 1973 West End musical The Rocky Horror Show has been ranked among the "Nation's Number One Essential Musicals". Peter Shaffer's play Amadeus premiered at the National Theatre in 1979. Elton John composed the music for The Lion King (lyrics by Rice) and Billy Elliot the Musical, with both running for over a decade on the West End. Eric Idle's Monty Python's Spamalot made its West End debut in 2006. Matilda the Musical (an adaptation of Roald Dahl's children's book) won seven 2012 Olivier Awards —the most by a single show. The Royal Shakespeare Company operates out of Stratford-upon-Avon, producing mainly but not exclusively Shakespeare's plays. Important modern playwrights include Nobel laureate Harold Pinter, Tom Stoppard, Alan Ayckbourn, John Osborne, Michael Frayn and Arnold Wesker. While the British national anthem "God Save the Queen" and other patriotic songs such as "Rule, Britannia!" represent the United Kingdom, each of the four individual countries of the UK also have their own patriotic hymns. Edward Elgar's "Land of Hope and Glory", and William Blake's poem And did those feet in ancient time set to Hubert Parry's "Jerusalem", are among England's most patriotic hymns. Scottish patriotic songs include "Flower of Scotland", "Scotland the Brave", "Scots Wha Hae" and "Highland Cathedral"; patriotic Welsh hymns include "Guide me, O Thou Great Redeemer" by William Williams Pantycelyn, and "Land of My Fathers"; the latter is the national anthem of Wales. The patriotic Northern Irish ballad Danny Boy is set to the tune "Londonderry Air". The traditional marching song "The British Grenadiers" is often performed by British Army bands, and is played at the Trooping the Colour. Written by British Army bandmaster F. J. Ricketts, the "Colonel Bogey March" is often whistled, becoming part of British way of life during World War II. George Frideric Handel composed Zadok the Priest in 1727 for the coronation of George II: it has been performed during the Sovereign's anointing at every subsequent British coronation. Jeremiah Clarke's "Trumpet Voluntary" is popular for wedding music, and has featured in royal weddings. Other notable British composers, including Henry Purcell, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Benjamin Britten, Gustav Holst, William Byrd, Thomas Tallis, Henry Wood, John Taverner, Arthur Sullivan, Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, William Walton, Richard Rodney Bennett, Peter Maxwell Davies, Ivor Novello, Malcolm Arnold, Michael Tippett, Sir George Martin and John Barry, have made major contributions to British music. Living composers include John Rutter, Andrew Lloyd Webber, Oliver Knussen, Mike Oldfield, James MacMillan, Thomas Ades, Harrison Birtwistle, Joby Talbot, John Powell, David Arnold, Anne Dudley, John Murphy, Henry Jackman, Leslie Bricusse, Brian Eno (pioneer of "ambient music" which emerged in the early 1970s in the UK), Clint Mansell, Harry Gregson Williams, Craig Armstrong and Michael Nyman. |Problems playing these files? See media help.| The traditional folk music of England has contributed to several genres, such as sea shanties, jigs, hornpipes and dance music. It has its own distinct variations and regional peculiarities. Wynkyn de Worde's printed ballads of Robin Hood from the 16th century are an important artefact, as are John Playford's The Dancing Master and Robert Harley's Roxburghe Ballads collections. Some of the best known songs are Greensleeves, Scarborough Fair and Over the Hills and Far Away. The bagpipes have long been a national symbol of Scotland, and the Great Highland Bagpipe is widely recognised. Scottish folk songs include The Bonnie Banks o' Loch Lomond, Will Ye Go, Lassie, Go? while Auld Lang Syne is sung throughout the English-speaking world to celebrate the start of the New Year, especially at Hogmanay in Scotland. In the mid-16th century nursery rhymes begin to be recorded in English plays, and the most popular date from the 17th and 18th centuries. The first English collections, Tommy Thumb's Song Book and a sequel, Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book, were published before 1744. John Newbery's compilation of English rhymes, Mother Goose's Melody, or, Sonnets for the Cradle (London, c. 1765), is the first record we have of many classic rhymes, still in use today. The 19th century historian James Orchard Halliwell was a notable collector of English nursery rhymes. Some of the best known nursery rhymes from Britain are Twinkle Twinkle Little Star, Roses Are Red, Jack and Jill, Cock a doodle doo, Baa, Baa, Black Sheep, The Grand Old Duke of York, London Bridge Is Falling Down, Hey Diddle Diddle, Three Blind Mice, Little Miss Muffet, Pat-a-cake, Pop Goes the Weasel, The Queen of Hearts, Polly Put the Kettle On, Peter Piper, One, Two, Buckle My Shoe, Hickory Dickory Dock, One for Sorrow, This Old Man, Simple Simon, Old Mother Hubbard, Little Bo Peep, Sing a Song of Sixpence, Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary, Old King Cole and Humpty Dumpty. Many of these rhymes are based on historic figures throughout British history, for example Pussy Cat Pussy Cat (from 1805) is about going to see the Queen. The 1730 nursery rhyme As I was going to St Ives (southern English town) is in the form of a riddle. Christmas carols in English first appear in a 1426 work by John Awdlay, a Shropshire chaplain who lists 25 "caroles of Cristemas", probably sung by groups of 'wassailers', who went from house to house. Some of the most notable carols from the UK are "We Wish You a Merry Christmas", '"O Come All Ye Faithful", "The First Noel", "God Rest You Merry, Gentlemen", "The Holly and the Ivy", "I Saw Three Ships", "Deck the Halls", "In the Bleak Midwinter", "Joy to the World", "Once in Royal David's City", "Hark! The Herald Angels Sing", "What Child Is This?", "Good King Wenceslas", "Here We Come A-Caroling" and "While Shepherds Watched Their Flocks". The music of Christmas has always been a combination of sacred and secular, and every year in the UK there is highly publicised competition to be the Christmas number one single, which has led to the production of music which still provides the mainstay of festive playlists. Responding to a BBC report on the 1984 famine in Ethiopia, Bob Geldof created the charity supergroup Band Aid who recorded "Do They Know It's Christmas?". It has been Christmas number one three times. RMS Titanic music Written by Sarah Flower Adams in 1841, the Christian hymn "Nearer, My God, to Thee" is associated with the sinking of the RMS Titanic, as some survivors later reported that the ship's string ensemble played the hymn as the vessel sank. The hymn was a favourite of Wallace Hartley, the ship's band leader who led the eight member band before going down with the ship, and subsequently it was played at his funeral. Hartley's violin was recovered from the sinking, and sold at auction on 19 October 2013 for £900,000. The United Kingdom supports a number of major orchestras including the BBC Symphony Orchestra, the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, the Philharmonia, the London Symphony Orchestra and the London Philharmonic Orchestra. The BBC Philharmonic's recent work includes recording "First Steps", the BBC theme for the 2012 London Olympics. London is one of the world's major centres for classical music: it has several important concert halls and is also home to the Royal Opera House, one of the world's leading opera houses. British traditional music has also been very influential abroad. During World War II, Vera Lynn was known as the Forces' Sweetheart, with "We'll Meet Again", sung to British troops, among the songs most associated with her. In addition to "Colonel Bogey March" (which was whistled), another popular British song during the war, "Run Rabbit Run", contained Ralph Butler's lyrics "Run rabbit – run rabbit – Run! Run! Run!", which were altered by the public to poke fun at the Axis. Butler also wrote "The Sun Has Got His Hat On" and "Nellie the Elephant". The UK single and album charts are revealed every Friday on BBC Radio 1, with Elton John's "Candle in the Wind 1997" the best-selling single in the UK, and Queen's Greatest Hits the best-selling album. The Brit Awards, the BPI's annual pop music awards, take place at The O2 Arena in London every February. The Ivor Novello Awards for songwriting and composing are presented annually by the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors. Large outdoor music festivals and concerts in the summer are popular, such as Glastonbury, V Festival, Summertime Ball, T in the Park, Download Festival and the Reading and Leeds Festivals. The UK was one of the two main countries in the creation and development of many genres of popular music, including: rock music: The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, The Who, The Kinks; hard rock: Led Zeppelin, Cream, Def Leppard, Whitesnake; progressive rock: Pink Floyd, Genesis, Yes; glam rock: David Bowie, Queen, Elton John, T. Rex, blues rock: The Yardbirds, The Animals, Eric Clapton, Dire Straits; heavy metal: Black Sabbath, Deep Purple, Iron Maiden, Motörhead, Judas Priest; punk rock: Sex Pistols, The Clash, Billy Idol; new wave: The Police, Elvis Costello, Culture Club, Duran Duran; goth rock: The Cure, Siouxsie and the Banshees; art rock: The Moody Blues, Emerson, Lake and Palmer, Procol Harum, Peter Gabriel, Kate Bush; folk rock: Van Morrison, Cat Stevens, Donovan, Mumford & Sons; soft rock: The Hollies, blue-eyed soul: Dusty Springfield, Tom Jones, Steve Winwood; disco: Bee Gees; synth pop: Depeche Mode, Eurythmics, Pet Shop Boys; reggae: UB40; pop rock: Rod Stewart, Phil Collins, Sting, Joe Cocker, Robert Palmer, Bonnie Tyler, Tears for Fears, Simple Minds; alternative rock; The Smiths, New Order, Stone Roses, Radiohead, Bush, Coldplay; symphonic rock: ELO, Muse; Britpop: Oasis, Blur, Pulp, The Verve; soul; Sade, Amy Winehouse, Adele. The UK has also pioneered various forms of electronic dance music including dubstep, acid house, uk garage, drum and bass and trip hop, with acts including: The Prodigy, Massive Attack, Jamiroquai, The Chemical Brothers, Gorillaz, Calvin Harris and Fatboy Slim. Other notable British artists in pop music include: Spice Girls, George Michael, Seal, Leona Lewis, One Direction, Sam Smith, Ellie Goulding, Mark Ronson, Ed Sheeran, and Robbie Williams. In a 2005 poll, Williams' song "Angels" was ranked the most popular song that Britons would most like played at their funeral. At the 1997 Brit Awards, Spice Girls singer Geri Halliwell wore the now iconic red, white and blue Union Jack mini-dress, which has become an enduring image of the 1990s Cool Britannia era. In 2009, British artists topped the decade end ranking, with "Chasing Cars" by Snow Patrol announced as the most widely played song of the decade in the UK, and Back to Bedlam by James Blunt the best selling album of the 2000s in the UK. Other successful UK acts include Dido, Arctic Monkeys, Mika and Bullet for My Valentine. Since the mid 2000s, British rap is becoming increasingly popular, mainly within the youth of cities such as London, Manchester, Birmingham, Nottingham, Leeds and Sheffield. British R&B artists include Taio Cruz, Jay Sean, M.I.A., Tinie Tempah, Rita Ora and Jessie J The UK has had a large impact on modern cinema, producing some of the greatest actors, directors and motion pictures, including, Sir Alfred Hitchcock, Charlie Chaplin, David Lean, Laurence Olivier, Vivien Leigh, Audrey Hepburn, John Gielgud, Sean Connery, Richard Burton, Vanessa Redgrave, Michael Caine, Anthony Hopkins and Daniel Day-Lewis. The BFI Top 100 British films is a poll conducted by the British Film Institute which ranks what they consider to be the 100 greatest British films of all time. Two of the biggest actors in the silent era were Charlie Chaplin and Stan Laurel. The UK was the location of the oldest surviving motion picture film, Roundhay Garden Scene (1888), which was shot in Roundhay, Leeds in the north of England by French inventor Louis Le Prince. The world's first colour motion picture was shot by Edward Raymond Turner in 1902. Eadweard Muybridge was another notable English pioneer of motion picture, while pioneering Scottish documentary maker John Grierson coined the term "documentary" to describe a non-fiction film in 1926. Hitchcock's first thriller, The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1926), helped shape the thriller genre in film, while his 1929 film, Blackmail, is often regarded as the first British sound feature film. The 39 Steps (1935) features a signature Hitchcock cameo, and established the quintessential English 'Hitchcock blonde' Madeleine Carroll as the template for his succession of ice cold and elegant leading ladies. Alexander Korda's The Private Life of Henry VIII (1933), was the first British production to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture. Boris Karloff played the leading role in major horror films in the 1930s, and collaborated with film director James Whale. Famous for their motion picture film scores, the London Symphony Orchestra first performed film music in 1935. The first British Academy Film Awards (BAFTA) ceremony took place in 1947. Sir Laurence Olivier starred in and directed Henry V (1944), and Hamlet (1948), the latter picked up the BAFTA Award for Best Film and also became the first British film to win the Academy Award for Best Picture. The third Shakespearean film directed by Olivier was Richard III (1955). The British film-making partnership of Powell and Pressburger made a series of influential films in the 1940s and 1950s, with The Red Shoes (1948) their most commercially successful film. Carol Reed directed The Third Man (1949), regarded among the best British films of the 20th century. David Lean emerged as a major filmmaker in the 1940s with Brief Encounter (1945) and Great Expectations (1946), with his first big-screen epic The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957): these are ranked among the best British films. Towards the end of the 1950s, Hammer Films embarked on their series of influential and wildly successful horror films, including lavish colour versions of Frankenstein (1957), Dracula (1958) and The Mummy (1959), with actors Peter Cushing and Christopher Lee at the forefront. The Dam Busters (1955), recreates the true story of the RAF's raid on dams in Nazi Germany using Sir Barnes Wallis's invention the "bouncing bomb". The Carry On series, which consists of 31 comedy motion pictures, commenced in 1958. A West Country native where many well-known English pirates hailed from, Robert Newton's portrayal of Long John Silver in 1950s films popularised the stereotypical West Country pirate accent. Films that explored the "Swinging London" phenomenon of the 1960s included, Alfie (1966), Blowup (1966) and Bedazzled (1967). The James Bond film series began in the early 1960s, with Sean Connery in the leading role. Bond, portrayed by Connery, was selected as the third-greatest hero in cinema history by the AFI. After The Beatles films A Hard Day's Night (1964) and Help! (1965), it became standard for each new pop group to have a verité style feature film made about them. Michael Powell's hugely controversial thriller/horror film Peeping Tom was released in 1960, which is today considered a classic. The Ipcress File (1965) features Harry Palmer, a British Army sergeant with a criminal past now working for a Ministry of Defence (MoD). A Man for All Seasons (1966), based on Sir Thomas More, is listed by the Vatican as being among the greatest religious movies of all time. Other major British films of the 1960s included Lawrence of Arabia (1962), Tom Jones (1963), Zulu (1964) and Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines (1965). Four of the decade's Academy Award winners for best picture were British productions, including six Oscars for the film musical Oliver! (1968), based on Charles Dickens' classic Oliver Twist. The caper film The Italian Job (1969), starring Michael Caine, is regarded as one of the greatest British films ever, with the line "You were only supposed to blow the bloody doors off!" by Caine voted favourite film one-liner in a poll. Other British actors in starring roles in 1960s films included Richard Burton, Peter Sellers, Audrey Hepburn (played Cockney flower girl Eliza Doolittle in My Fair Lady, 1964), Julie Christie, Peter Ustinov, Rex Harrison, Alec Guinness, David Niven and Julie Andrews, whose portrayal of English nanny Mary Poppins is named one of the greatest movie characters. Ken Russell's Women in Love (1969) starred Glenda Jackson, who won the Academy Award for best actress. In the 1970s, Ronald Neame directed the festive favourite Scrooge (1970). A Clockwork Orange (1971), based on Anthony Burgess' novella of the same name, starred Malcolm McDowell as the leader of a gang of thugs in a dystopian future Britain. Get Carter (1971) features the eponymous London gangster Jack Carter (played by Michael Caine). The horror film The Wicker Man (1973), starring Christopher Lee, is considered a cult classic. In 1973 The Day of the Jackal starred Edward Fox as the "Jackal" (which was based on a novel by Frederick Forsyth). Two adaptations of Agatha Christie stories Murder on the Orient Express (1974) and Death on the Nile (1978) were critically acclaimed. The musical comedy film The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975) featuring Tim Curry, is the longest-running theatrical release in film history. Starring as James Bond in Live and Let Die (1973), Roger Moore would go on to play 007 seven times. In the mid-1970s, seminal British comedy team Monty Python switched their attention to films, beginning with Monty Python and the Holy Grail (1975), followed by Monty Python's Life of Brian (1979), the latter regularly voted the funniest film of all time by the British public. A notable song from Life of Brian, "Always Look on the Bright Side of Life" has become a common singalong at public events. Hollywood blockbusters that were filmed at major British studios in 1977–79, include Star Wars (featuring Alec Guinness, and 'the dean of special effects' John Stears) at Elstree Studios, Superman (featuring Terence Stamp) at Pinewood, and Alien (directed by Ridley Scott) at Shepperton. British films won back to back Academy and BAFTAs for best picture in the 1980s, with Chariots of Fire (1981), followed by Gandhi (1982). John Hurt starred as 19th-century Englishman Joseph Merrick in The Elephant Man (1980). Bob Hoskins played a London gangster in The Long Good Friday (1980). In the 1980s, a wave of visually stylish directors, Ridley Scott, Alan Parker, Tony Scott, Hugh Hudson and Adrian Lyne, were credited for "ushering in a new era of blockbusters using the crowd-pleasing skills they'd honed in advertising." The 1983 drama/comedy film Educating Rita features Julie Walters and Michael Caine. The 1985 dark comedy fantasy film, Brazil, is regarded as one of the best British films of the mid 1980s. The 1987 black comedy, Withnail and I, has been described as "one of Britain's biggest cult films". Gary Oldman portrayed British punk icon Sid Vicious in the cult film Sid and Nancy (1986). In 1988 Charles Crichton directed A Fish Called Wanda, the most acclaimed British comedy of the era. During the late 1980s, a number of young British actors who were becoming major stars, Gary Oldman, Tim Roth, Daniel Day-Lewis, Colin Firth and Rupert Everett, were dubbed the 'Brit Pack'. The 1990s saw a large number of traditional British period dramas, including Sense and Sensibility (1995), Restoration (1995), Emma (1996), Mrs. Brown (1997), The Wings of the Dove (1997), Shakespeare in Love (1998) and Topsy-Turvy (1999). Set in pre and post war Britain, The Remains of the Day (1993), starring Anthony Hopkins and Emma Thompson, was based on the novel by Kazuo Ishiguro. Thompson (as English lawyer Gareth Peirce) starred In the Name of the Father alongside Daniel Day-Lewis the same year. Anthony Minghella's biggest directorial success was The English Patient (1996), winning nine Academy Awards. The Scottish composer Craig Armstrong wrote the award winning score for the modern version of Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet (1996). BAFTA Award winning British films included Danny Boyle's drama Trainspotting (1996) that centres on life in Edinburgh, the 1997 comedy The Full Monty set in Sheffield, and the biographical drama Elizabeth (1998). Richard Curtis's 1994 film Four Weddings and a Funeral set a pattern for British-set romantic comedies, including Sliding Doors (1998) and Notting Hill (1999). Guy Ritchie achieved success with the crime comedy films Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels (1998) and Snatch (2000), both set in the London criminal underworld. British visual effects company The Mill produced the computer-generated imagery effects for Ridley Scott's Gladiator (2000), and the film was dedicated to Oliver Reed who died during filming: The Mill created a digital body double for Reed's remaining scenes. At the start of the 21st century, three major international British successes were the romantic comedies Bridget Jones's Diary (2001), sequel Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason (2004), and Richard Curtis's directorial debut Love Actually (2003). In 2000, Leavesden Film Studios began filming the first instalment of the Harry Potter film series. Set in north-east England, Billy Elliot (2000) deals with a boy becoming a ballet dancer. English composer Clint Mansell's score for Requiem for a Dream has been well received, and its main theme Lux Aeterna has gained wide usage in popular culture and has featured in a number of film trailers. Written by Julian Fellowes, Gosford Park (2001) is set in an English country house. The British Indian themed sports comedy drama Bend It Like Beckham (2002) featured starring roles for Keira Knightley and Parminder Nagra. Famous for his creation Mr. Bean, the much celebrated comedian Rowan Atkinson starred in Johnny English (2003). Wallace and Gromit creator and four time Academy Award winning animator Nick Park directed Chicken Run (2000) and Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005). They are the two highest-grossing stop motion animated films ever made. Helen Mirren starred as Elizabeth II in The Queen (2006). Acclaimed British sci-fi films, 28 Days Later (2002), and Children of Men (2007), depict a dystopian Britain. Joe Wright's Atonement (2007) is set in England through WWII. Simon Pegg co-wrote and starred in the Three Flavours Cornetto trilogy of films: Shaun of the Dead (2004), Hot Fuzz (2007), and The World's End (2013), which were directed by Edgar Wright. Danny Boyle's Slumdog Millionaire (2008) was the most successful British film of the decade. The 2008 horror Eden Lake is among a group of contemporary films dealing with British "hoodies". Based on Mark Millar's comics, the superhero action comedy-film Kick-Ass (2010), starring Aaron Taylor-Johnson as the title character, and Kingsman: The Secret Service (2015), starring Michael Caine as the head of the British secret service Kingsman – both directed by Matthew Vaughn – won the Empire Awards for Best British Film. Historical drama The King's Speech (2010), featuring Colin Firth as George VI, received widespread acclaim. Acclaimed for his motion capture work, in 2011 actor Andy Serkis opened his own motion capture workshop, The Imaginarium Studios in London. In 2012, the twenty-third James Bond film Skyfall became the highest-grossing film of all-time in the UK. In 2013, British visual effects company Framestore, under chief supervisor Tim Webber and film producer David Heyman, produced the critically acclaimed space epic Gravity. In 2014, the film biopics on two British scientists (Hawking and Turing), The Theory of Everything and The Imitation Game, both achieved critical and commercial success. The five most commercially successful British directors in recent years are David Yates, Christopher Nolan, Mike Newell, Ridley Scott and Paul Greengrass. Visual effects supervisor Paul Franklin is known for his long-running working relationship with Nolan. Other contemporary British film directors include Guy Ritchie, Alan Parker, Tony Scott, Terry Gilliam, Kenneth Branagh, Paul W. S. Anderson, Tom Hooper, Edgar Wright, Matthew Vaughn, Richard Curtis, Danny Boyle, Mike Leigh, Gareth Edwards, Steve McQueen and Sam Mendes. British actors and actresses have always been significant in international cinema. Well-known currently active performers include Tom Hardy, Jason Statham, Jude Law, Kate Winslet, Ewan McGregor, Catherine Zeta-Jones, Ian McKellen, Clive Owen, Hugh Grant, Colin Firth, Daniel Radcliffe, Daniel Craig, Emma Watson, Keira Knightley, Ralph Fiennes, Orlando Bloom, Christian Bale, Idris Elba, Sacha Baron Cohen, Emma Thompson, Kate Beckinsale, Michael Sheen, Helena Bonham Carter, Hugh Laurie, Ben Kingsley, Mark Rylance, John Hurt, Daisy Ridley, Benedict Cumberbatch, Carey Mulligan, Jeremy Irons, Gary Oldman, Helen Mirren, Robert Pattinson, Sean Bean, Gerard Butler, Tom Hiddleston, Maggie Smith, John Boyega, Andrew Garfield, Henry Cavill, Eddie Redmayne, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Patrick Stewart, Emilia Clarke, Daniel Day-Lewis, Judi Dench, Anthony Hopkins and Michael Caine. Hollywood films with a British dimension have had enormous worldwide commercial success. Many of the highest-grossing films worldwide of all time have a British historical, cultural or creative theme. Films based on British historical events; RMS Titanic, Piracy in the Caribbean, Mutiny on the Bounty, The Great Escape, historical people; William Wallace, Lawrence of Arabia, King Arthur, Elizabeth I, British stories; Harry Potter, The Lord of the Rings, James Bond, The Chronicles of Narnia, Sherlock Holmes, Frankenstein, A Christmas Carol, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Treasure Island, The War of the Worlds among many others. British video game Tomb Raider features English archaeologist Lara Croft which has been made into feature films. British influence can also be seen with the 'English Cycle' of Disney films, which feature Alice in Wonderland, Peter Pan, Robin Hood, The Jungle Book, The Sword in the Stone, The Rescuers, The Hundred and One Dalmatians and Winnie the Pooh. The UK has been at the forefront of developments in film, radio and television. Broadcasting in the UK has historically been dominated by the taxpayer-funded but independently run British Broadcasting Corporation (commonly known as the BBC), although other independent radio and television (ITV, Channel 4, Five) and satellite broadcasters (especially BSkyB which has over 10 million subscribers) have become more important in recent years. BBC television, and the other three main television channels are public service broadcasters who, as part of their license allowing them to operate, broadcast a variety of minority interest programming. The BBC and Channel 4 are state-owned, though they operate independently. Many successful British TV shows have been exported around the world, such as Pop Idol (created by Simon Fuller), Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?, Britain's Got Talent (created by Simon Cowell), The X Factor, Hell's Kitchen (created by Gordon Ramsay), The Office (created by Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant), Strictly Come Dancing, House of Cards, Who Do You Think You Are? (genealogy series where a celebrity traces their family tree), Black Mirror (created by Charlie Brooker), Sherlock, Doctor Who, Downton Abbey and Top Gear. David Attenborough's acclaimed nature documentaries, including The Blue Planet, Planet Earth and Life on Earth, are produced by the BBC Natural History Unit, the largest wildlife documentary production house in the world. The British Film Institute drew up a list of the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes in 2000, voted by industry professionals. In 2004 the BBC conducted a poll to find "Britain's Best Sitcom". The British public voted for TV's 50 Greatest Stars in 2006. Popular UK sitcoms from each of the last four decades of the 20th century include, Dad's Army (created by Jimmy Perry), Fawlty Towers (created by John Cleese), Only Fools and Horses (created by John Sullivan), and Absolutely Fabulous (created by and starring Jennifer Saunders and Dawn French). Launched in 1955, ITV is the oldest commercial television network in the UK. Ridley Scott's evocative 1973 Hovis bread television commercial captured the public imagination. Filmed on Gold Hill, Shaftesbury in Dorset, Scott's advert was voted the UK's favourite television advertisement of all time in 2006. Other notable British commercials include the 1989 British Airways face advertisement, the 2007 Gorilla advertisement by Cadbury chocolate featuring a gorilla playing drums with Phil Collins' track "In the Air Tonight" playing in the background, and a 2013 advert for Galaxy chocolate bar featuring a computer-generated image of Audrey Hepburn. Christmas commercials are screened from early November in the UK, with campaigns including the John Lewis Christmas advert for the department store chain. International football tournaments, such as the World Cup, are historically the most viewed sports events among the public, while Match of the Day is the most popular weekly football show. The 1966 FIFA World Cup Final and the Funeral of Princess Diana are the two most watched television events ever in the UK. Satire has been a prominent feature in British comedy for centuries. The British satire boom of the 1960s, which consisted of writers and performers such as Peter Cook, Dudley Moore, Alan Bennett, David Frost and Jonathan Miller, has heavily influenced British television, including the sketch comedy series Monty Python's Flying Circus created in 1969 by Monty Python. Regarded as the leading figure of the satire boom, Peter Cook was ranked number one in the Comedians' Comedian poll. The puppet show Spitting Image was a satire of the royal family, politics, entertainment, sport and UK culture of the 1980s up to the mid 1990s. Have I Got News for You and Mock the Week are the two longest running satirical panel shows. Satire also features heavily in the Grand Theft Auto video game series which has been ranked among Britain's most successful exports. The slapstick and double entendre of Benny Hill also achieved very high ratings on UK television, as did the physical humour of Mr. Bean. Animator Nick Park created the Wallace and Gromit characters at Aardman Animations studio in Bristol. They feature in A Grand Day Out (1989), The Wrong Trousers (1993) and A Close Shave (1995), which all have 100% positive ratings on the aggregation site Rotten Tomatoes, while A Matter of Loaf and Death was the most watched television programme in the UK in 2008. Popular pre-school shows include Teletubbies, Thomas the Tank Engine and Bob the Builder. First airing in 1958, Blue Peter is famous for its arts and crafts "makes". The show has been a staple for generations of British children. Debuting in 1982, The Snowman (featuring the festive song "Walking in the Air") is annually screened at Christmas. Shown on the BBC, the UK holds two high-profile charity telethon events, Children in Need, held annually in November, and Comic Relief, which alternates with Sports Relief, every March. British programmes dominate the list of TV's most watched shows in the UK, with the kitchen sink dramas, ITV's Coronation Street and BBC's EastEnders, both frequently ranking high on the ratings list complied by BARB. The United Kingdom has a large number of national and local radio stations which cover a great variety of programming. The most listened to stations are the five main national BBC radio stations. BBC Radio 1, a new music station aimed at the 16–24 age group. BBC Radio 2, a varied popular music and chat station aimed at adults is consistently highest in the ratings. BBC Radio 4, a varied talk station, is noted for its news, current affairs, drama and comedy output as well as The Archers, its long running soap opera, and other unique programmes, including Desert Island Discs (1942–present), an interview programme in which a famous guest (called a "castaway") chooses eight pieces of music, a book and a luxury item that they would take with them to a desert island. Currently presented by Kirsty Young, it is the longest running music radio programme in British history. The idea for a Christmas message was conceived by one of the founders of the BBC. Delivered annually by the monarch, it was first broadcast on BBC Radio in 1932. An alternative Christmas message was first broadcast on Channel 4 in 1993. The long running radio comedy Just a Minute was first aired on BBC Radio 4 in 1967. Panellists must talk for sixty seconds on a given subject, "without hesitation, repetition or deviation". Guests over the years have included Stephen Fry, Eddie Izzard and Sue Perkins. First broadcast on BBC Radio 4 in 1978, the science fiction comedy radio series The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy was innovative in its use of music and sound effects. The BBC, as a public service broadcaster, also runs minority stations such as BBC Asian Network, BBC Radio 1Xtra and BBC Radio 6 Music, and local stations throughout the country. Rock music station Absolute Radio, and sports station Talksport, are among the biggest commercial radio stations in the UK. Popular British daily national newspapers include: The Times, The Guardian, Daily Mail, The Daily Telegraph, Daily Mirror, Daily Express. Founded by publisher John Walter in 1785, The Times is the first newspaper to have borne that name, lending it to numerous other papers around the world, and is the originator of the widely used Times Roman typeface, created by Victor Lardent and commissioned by Stanley Morison in 1931. The weekly newspaper The Economist was founded by James Wilson in 1843, and the daily Financial Times was founded in 1888. Founding The Gentleman's Magazine in 1731, Edward Cave coined the term "magazine" for a periodical, and was the first publisher to successfully fashion a wide-ranging publication. Founded by Thomas Gibson Bowles, Vanity Fair featured caricatures of famous people for which it is best known today. A pioneer of children's publishing, John Newbery made children's literature a sustainable and profitable part of the literary market. The History of Little Goody Two-Shoes was published by Newbery in 1765. Founded by Sir Allen Lane in 1935, Penguin Books revolutionised publishing in the 1930s through its inexpensive paperbacks, bringing high-quality paperback fiction and non-fiction to the mass market. Formed four years later, Puffin Books is the children's imprint of Penguin Books: Barbara Euphan Todd's 1936 story about the scarecrow Worzel Gummidge was the first Puffin story book in 1941. The English novel has generally been seen as beginning with Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe (1719) and Moll Flanders (1722). These books were published after the creation of Copyright in 1709, with other notable published works including Samuel Richardson's Pamela (1740) and Clarissa (1747); and Henry Fielding's Tom Jones (1749). The Guinness Book of Records was the brainchild of Sir Hugh Beaver. On 10 November 1951 he became involved in an argument over which was the fastest game bird in Europe, and realised that it was impossible to confirm in reference books. Beaver knew that there must be numerous other questions debated throughout the world, but there was no book with which to settle arguments about records. He realised that a book supplying the answers to this sort of question may prove successful. His idea became reality when an acquaintance of his recommended University friends Norris and Ross McWhirter who were then commissioned to compile what became The Guinness Book of Records in August 1954. Copyright laws originated in Britain with the Statute of Anne (also known as the Copyright Act 1709), which outlined the individual rights of the artist. A right to benefit financially from the work is articulated, and court rulings and legislation have recognised a right to control the work, such as ensuring that the integrity of it is preserved. The Statute of Anne gave the publishers rights for a fixed period, after which the copyright expired. From the creation of the United Kingdom, the English school of painting is mainly notable for portraits and landscapes, and indeed portraits in landscapes. Among the artists of this period are Joshua Reynolds (1723–1792), George Stubbs (1724–1806), and Thomas Gainsborough (1727–1788). Pictorial satirist William Hogarth pioneered Western sequential art, and political illustrations in this style are often referred to as "Hogarthian". Following the work of Hogarth, political cartoons developed in England in the latter part of the 18th century under the direction of James Gillray. Regarded as being one of the two most influential cartoonists (the other being Hogarth), Gillray has been referred to as the father of the political cartoon, with his satirical work calling the king (George III), prime ministers and generals to account. The late 18th century and the early 19th century was perhaps the most radical period in British art, producing William Blake (1757–1827), John Constable (1776–1837) and J. M. W. Turner (1775–1851), three of the most influential British artists, each of whom have dedicated spaces allocated for their work at the Tate Britain. Named after Turner, the Turner Prize (created in 1984) is an annual award presented to a British visual artist under the age of 50. The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (PRB) achieved considerable influence after its foundation in 1848 with paintings that concentrated on religious, literary, and genre subjects executed in a colourful and minutely detailed style. PRB artists included John Everett Millais, Dante Gabriel Rossetti and subsequently Edward Burne-Jones. Also associated with it was the designer William Morris, whose efforts to make beautiful objects affordable (or even free) for everyone led to his wallpaper and tile designs to some extent defining the Victorian aesthetic and instigating the Arts and Crafts movement. Visual artists from the UK in the 20th century include Lucian Freud, Francis Bacon, David Hockney, Bridget Riley, and the pop artists Richard Hamilton and Peter Blake. Also prominent amongst twentieth-century artists was Henry Moore, regarded as the voice of British sculpture, and of British modernism in general. Sir Jacob Epstein was a pioneer of modern sculpture. In 1958 artist Gerald Holtom designed the protest logo for the British Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), the peace movement in the UK, which became a universal peace symbol. As a reaction to abstract expressionism, pop art emerged in England at the end of the 1950s. The 1990s saw the Young British Artists, Damien Hirst and Tracey Emin. The auction was revived in 17th and 18th century England when auctions by candle began to be used for the sale of goods and leaseholds, some of which were recorded in Samuel Pepys's diary in 1660. Headquartered in King Street, London, Christie's, the world's largest auction house, was founded in 1766 by auctioneer James Christie in London. Known for his thickly impasted portrait and figure paintings, Lucian Freud was widely considered the pre-eminent British artist of his time. Freud was depicted in Francis Bacon's 1969 oil painting, Three Studies of Lucian Freud, which was sold for $142.4 million in November 2013, the highest price attained at auction to that point. Randolph Caldecott, Walter Crane, Kate Greenaway, John Tenniel, Aubrey Beardsley, Roger Hargreaves, Arthur Rackham, John Leech, George Cruikshank and Beatrix Potter were notable book illustrators. Posters have played a significant role in British culture. Designed by Alfred Leete in 1914 as a recruitment poster for the British Army, "Lord Kitchener Wants You" is the most famous British recruitment poster ever produced and an iconic and enduring image of World War I. Produced by the British government in 1939 for World War II, the Keep Calm and Carry On motivational poster is now seen as "not only as a distillation of a crucial moment in Britishness, but also as an inspiring message from the past to the present in a time of crisis". In the late 1960s, British graphic designer Storm Thorgerson co-founded the English graphic art group Hipgnosis, who have designed many iconic single and album covers for rock bands. His works were notable for their surreal elements, with perhaps the most famous being the cover for Pink Floyd's The Dark Side of the Moon. The subversive political artwork of Banksy (pseudonym of English graffiti artist whose identity is concealed) can be found on streets, walls and buildings all over the world. Arts institutions include the Royal College of Art, Royal Society of Arts, New English Art Club, Slade School of Art, Royal Academy, and the Tate Gallery (founded as the National Gallery of British Art). In 2006, 37 years after its first test flight, Concorde was named the winner of the Great British Design Quest organised by the BBC and the Design Museum. A total of 212,000 votes were cast with Concorde beating other British design icons such as the Mini, mini skirt, Jaguar E-Type, Tube map and the Supermarine Spitfire. Sir Morien Morgan led research into supersonic transport in 1948 that culminated in the Concorde passenger aircraft. In November 1956 he became Chairman of the newly formed Supersonic Transport Aircraft Committee which funded research into supersonic transport at several UK aviation firms though the 1950s. By the late 1950s the Committee had started the process of selecting specific designs for development, and after the forced merger of most UK aviation firms in 1960, selected the Bristol Type 223, designed by Archibald Russell, as the basis for a transatlantic design. The Brit Awards statuette for the BPI's annual music awards, which depicts Britannia, the female personification of Britain, is regularly redesigned by some of the best known British designers, stylists and artists, including Dame Vivienne Westwood, Damien Hirst, Tracey Emin, Sir Peter Blake and the late Zaha Hadid. Performing arts, carnivals, parades Large outdoor music festivals in the summer and autumn are popular, such as Glastonbury, V Festival, Reading and Leeds Festivals. The UK was at the forefront of the illegal, free rave movement from the late 1980s, which led to pan-European culture of teknivals mirrored on the UK free festival movement and associated travelling lifestyle. The most prominent opera house in England is the Royal Opera House at Covent Gardens. The Proms, a season of orchestral classical music concerts held at the Royal Albert Hall, is a major cultural event held annually. The Royal Ballet is one of the world's foremost classical ballet companies, its reputation built on two prominent figures of 20th century dance, prima ballerina Margot Fonteyn and choreographer Frederick Ashton. Irish dancing is popular in Northern Ireland and among the Irish diaspora throughout the UK; its costumes feature patterns taken from the medieval Book of Kells. A staple of British seaside culture, the quarrelsome couple Punch and Judy made their first recorded appearance in Covent Garden, London in 1662. The various episodes of Punch and Judy are performed in the spirit of outrageous comedy — often provoking shocked laughter — and are dominated by the anarchic clowning of Mr. Punch. Regarded as British cultural icons, they appeared at a significant period in British history, with Glyn Edwards stating: "[Pulcinella] went down particularly well with Restoration British audiences, fun-starved after years of Puritanism. We soon changed Punch's name, transformed him from a marionette to a hand puppet, and he became, really, a spirit of Britain - a subversive maverick who defies authority, a kind of puppet equivalent to our political cartoons." The circus is a traditional form of entertainment in the UK. Chipperfield's Circus dates back more than 300 years in Britain, making it one of the oldest family circus dynasties. Philip Astley is regarded as the father of the modern circus. Following his invention of the circus ring in 1768, Astley's Amphitheatre opened in London in 1773. As an equestrian master Astley had a skill for trick horse-riding, and when he added tumblers, tightrope-walkers, jugglers, performing dogs, and a clown to fill time between his own demonstrations – the modern circus was born. The Hughes Royal Circus was popular in London in the 1780s. Pablo Fanque's Circus Royal, among the most popular circuses of Victorian England, showcased William Kite, which inspired John Lennon to write Being for the Benefit of Mr. Kite! on The Beatles' album, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. Joseph Grimaldi, the most celebrated of English clowns, is considered the father of modern clowning. The Edinburgh Festival Fringe is the world’s largest arts festival. Established in 1947, it takes place in Scotland's capital during three weeks every August alongside several other arts and cultural festivals. The Fringe mostly attracts events from the performing arts, particularly theatre and comedy, although dance and music also feature. The Notting Hill Carnival is an annual event that has taken place on the streets of Notting Hill, London since 1966. Led by the British African-Caribbean community, the carnival has attracted around one million people, making it Britain's biggest street festival and one of the largest in the world. Pantomime (often referred to as "panto") is a British musical comedy stage production, designed for family entertainment. It is performed in theatres throughout the UK during the Christmas and New Year season. The art originated in the 18th century with John Weaver, a dance master and choreographer at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London. In 19th century England it acquired its present form, which includes songs, slapstick comedy and dancing, employing gender-crossing actors, combining topical humour with a story loosely based on a well-known fairy tale. It is a participatory form of theatre, in which the audience sing along with parts of the music and shout out phrases to the performers, such as "It's behind you". Pantomime story lines and scripts are almost always based on traditional children's stories: some of the popular British stories featured include Jack and the Beanstalk, Peter Pan, Babes in the Wood, Goldilocks and the Three Bears and Dick Whittington and His Cat. Plot lines are almost always adapted for comic or satirical effect, and characters and situations from other stories are often interpolated into the plot. For example, Jack and the Beanstalk might include references to English nursery rhymes involving characters called "Jack", such as Jack and Jill. Famous people regularly appear in Pantos, such as Ian McKellen. Music hall is a British theatrical entertainment popular from the early Victorian era to the mid 20th century. The precursor to variety shows of today, music hall involved a mixture of popular songs, comedy, speciality acts and variety entertainment. Music hall songs include "I'm Henery the Eighth, I Am", "Hokey cokey", "I Do Like To be Beside the Seaside" and "The Laughing Policeman". British performers who honed their skills at pantomime and music hall sketches include Charlie Chaplin, Stan Laurel, George Formby, Gracie Fields, Dan Leno, Gertrude Lawrence, Marie Lloyd and Harry Champion. British music hall comedian and theatre impresario Fred Karno developed a form of sketch comedy without dialogue in the 1890s, and Chaplin and Laurel were notable music hall comedians who worked for him. Film producer Hal Roach stated; "Fred Karno is not only a genius, he is the man who originated slapstick comedy. We in Hollywood owe much to him." The architecture of the United Kingdom includes many features that precede the creation of the United Kingdom in 1707, from as early as Skara Brae and Stonehenge to the Giant's Ring, Avebury and Roman ruins. In most towns and villages the parish church is an indication of the age of the settlement. Many castles remain from the medieval period, such as Windsor Castle (longest-occupied castle in Europe), Stirling Castle (one of the largest and most important in Scotland), Bodiam Castle (a moated castle), and Warwick Castle. Over the two centuries following the Norman conquest of England of 1066, and the building of the Tower of London, castles such as Caernarfon Castle in Wales and Carrickfergus Castle in Ireland were built. English Gothic architecture flourished from the 12th to the early 16th century, and famous examples include Westminster Abbey, the traditional place of coronation for the British monarch, which also has a long tradition as a venue for royal weddings; and was the location of the funeral of Princess Diana, Canterbury Cathedral, one of the oldest and most famous Christian structures in England; Salisbury Cathedral, which has the tallest church spire in the UK; and Winchester Cathedral, which has the longest nave and greatest overall length of any Gothic cathedral in Europe. Tudor architecture is the final development of Medieval architecture in England, during the Tudor period (1485–1603). In the United Kingdom, a listed building is a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance. About half a million buildings in the UK have "listed" status. In the 1680s, Downing Street was built by Sir George Downing, and its most famous address 10 Downing Street, became the residence of the Prime Minister in 1730. One of the best-known English architects working at the time of the foundation of the United Kingdom was Sir Christopher Wren. He was employed to design and rebuild many of the ruined ancient churches of London following the Great Fire of London. His masterpiece, St Paul's Cathedral, was completed in the early years of the United Kingdom. Buckingham Palace, the London residence of the British monarch, was built in 1705. Both St Paul's Cathedral and Buckingham Palace use Portland stone, a limestone from the Jurassic period quarried in the Jurassic Coast in Portland, Dorset, which is famous for its use in British and world architecture. In the early 18th century Baroque architecture – popular in Europe – was introduced, and Blenheim Palace was built in this era. However, Baroque was quickly replaced by a return of the Palladian form. The Georgian architecture of the 18th century was an evolved form of Palladianism. Many existing buildings such as Woburn Abbey and Kedleston Hall are in this style. Among the many architects of this form of architecture and its successors, neoclassical and romantic, were Robert Adam, Sir William Chambers, and James Wyatt. The aristocratic stately home continued the tradition of the first large gracious unfortified mansions such as the Elizabethan Montacute House and Hatfield House. Many of these houses are the setting for British period dramas, such as Downton Abbey. During the 18th and 19th centuries in the highest echelons of British society, the English country house was a place for relaxing, hunting in the countryside. Many stately homes have become open to the public: Knebworth House, now a major venue for open air rock and pop concerts, Alton Towers, the most popular theme park in the UK, and Longleat, the world's first safari park outside Africa. In the early 19th century the romantic Gothic revival began in England as a reaction to the symmetry of Palladianism. Notable examples of Gothic revival architecture are the Houses of Parliament and Fonthill Abbey. By the middle of the 19th century, as a result of new technology, one could incorporate steel as a building component: one of the greatest exponents of this was Joseph Paxton, architect of the Crystal Palace. Paxton also continued to build such houses as Mentmore Towers, in the still popular retrospective Renaissance styles. In this era of prosperity and development British architecture embraced many new methods of construction, but such architects as August Pugin ensured that traditional styles were retained. Following the building of the world's first seaside pier in July 1814 in Ryde, Isle of Wight off the south coast of England, the pier became fashionable at seaside resorts in England and Wales during the Victorian era, peaking in the 1860s with 22 being built. Providing a walkway out to sea, the seaside pier is regarded as among the finest Victorian architecture, and is an iconic symbol of the British seaside holiday. By 1914, there were over 100 piers around the UK coast. Today there are approximately 55 seaside piers in the UK. At the beginning of the 20th century a new form of design, arts and crafts, became popular; the architectural form of this style, which had evolved from the 19th century designs of such architects as George Devey, was championed by Edwin Lutyens. Arts and crafts in architecture is characterised by an informal, non-symmetrical form, often with mullioned or lattice windows, multiple gables and tall chimneys. This style continued to evolve until World War II. After that war, reconstruction went through a variety of phases, but was heavily influenced by Modernism, especially from the late 1950s to the early 1970s. Many bleak town centre redevelopments—criticised for featuring hostile, concrete-lined "windswept plazas"—were the fruit of this interest, as were many equally bleak public buildings, such as the Hayward Gallery. Many Modernist-inspired town centres are today being redeveloped: Bracknell town centre is an example. However, in the immediate post-War years many thousands (perhaps hundreds of thousands) of council houses in vernacular style were built, giving working-class people their first experience of private gardens and indoor sanitation. Modernism remains a significant force in UK architecture, although its influence is felt predominantly in commercial buildings. The two most prominent proponents are Lord Rogers of Riverside and Norman Foster. Rogers' iconic London buildings are probably Lloyd's Building and the Millennium Dome, while Foster created the 'Gherkin' and the City Hall. The Turner Prize winning artist Sir Anish Kapoor is one of the most acclaimed contemporary British sculptors. Among his most notable designs is the ArcelorMittal Orbit sculpture at the Olympic Park in London. Described by The Guardian as the 'Queen of the curve', Zaha Hadid liberated architectural geometry with the creation of highly expressive, sweeping fluid forms of multiple perspective points and fragmented geometry that evoke the chaos and flux of modern life. A pioneer of parametricism, and an icon of neo-futurism, with a formidable personality, her acclaimed work and ground-breaking forms include the aquatic centre for the London 2012 Olympics. In 2010 and 2011 she received the Stirling Prize, the UK's most prestigious architectural award, and in 2015 she became the first woman to be awarded the Royal Gold Medal from the Royal Institute of British Architects. Completed in 2012, the Shard London Bridge is the tallest building in the European Union. Other major skyscrapers under construction in London include The Pinnacle, and Heron Tower. Modernist architect Nicholas Grimshaw designed the Eden Project in Cornwall, which is the world's largest greenhouse. British comics in the early 20th century typically evolved from illustrated penny dreadfuls of the Victorian era (featuring Sweeney Todd, Dick Turpin and Varney the Vampire), and after adult comics had been published more juvenile British comics emerged, with the two most popular, The Beano and The Dandy, released by DC Thomson (based in Dundee, Scotland) in the 1930s. By 1950 the weekly circulation of both reached two million. Explaining the popularity of comics during this period, Anita O’Brien, director curator at London’s Cartoon Museum, states: “When comics like the Beano and Dandy were invented back in the 1930s - and through really to the 1950s and 60s - these comics were almost the only entertainment available to children." In 1954 Tiger comics introduced Roy of the Rovers, the hugely popular football based strip recounting the life of Roy Race and the team he played for, Melchester Rovers. The stock media phrase "real 'Roy of the Rovers' stuff" is often used by football writers, commentators and fans when describing displays of great skill, or surprising results that go against the odds, in reference to the dramatic storylines that were the strip's trademark. Other comic books and graphic novels such as Eagle, Valiant, Warrior, and 2000 AD also flourished. Created by Emma Orczy in 1903, the Scarlet Pimpernel is the alter ego of Sir Percy Blakeney, a wealthy English fop who transforms into a formidable swordsman and a quick-thinking escape artist, representing the original "hero with a secret identity". The Scarlet Pimpernel first appeared on stage (1903) and then in novel (1905), and established the disguised hero into popular culture. He exhibits characteristics that became standard superhero conventions in comic books, including the penchant for disguise, use of a signature weapon (sword), ability to out-think and outwit his adversaries, and a calling card (he leaves behind a scarlet pimpernel at his interventions). Drawing attention to his alter ego Blakeney he hides behind his public face as a slow thinking foppish playboy (like Bruce Wayne), and he also establishes a network of supporters, The League of the Scarlet Pimpernel, that aid his endeavours. In the 1980s, a resurgence of British writers and artists gained prominence in mainstream comic books, which was dubbed the "British Invasion" in comic book history. These writers and artists brought with them their own mature themes and philosophy such as anarchy, controversy and politics common in British media, but were never before seen in American comics. These elements would pave the way for mature and "darker and edgier" comic books that would jump start the Modern Age of Comics. Writers included Alan Moore, famous for his V for Vendetta, From Hell, Watchmen, Marvelman, and The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen; Neil Gaiman and his critically acclaimed and best-selling The Sandman mythos and Books of Magic; Warren Ellis creator of Transmetropolitan and Planetary; and others like Alan Grant, Grant Morrison, Dave Gibbons, Brian Azzarello, Alan Davis, and Mark Millar who created Wanted, Kick-Ass and Kingsman: The Secret Service. Prominent comic book artists include Steve Dillon, Simon Bisley, Dave McKean, Glen Fabry, John Ridgway and Sean Phillips. The comic book series Hellblazer, set in Britain and starring the Liverpudlian magician John Constantine, paved the way for British writers such as Jamie Delano, Mike Carey and Denise Mina. British honours system The British honours system is a means of rewarding individuals' personal bravery, achievement, or service to the United Kingdom. Candidates are identified by public or private bodies, by government departments, or are nominated by members of the public. Nominations are reviewed by honours committees made up of government officials and private citizens from different fields, who meet twice a year to discuss the candidates and make recommendations for appropriate honours to be awarded by the Queen. Historically a knighthood was conferred upon mounted warriors. By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior. An example of warrior chivalry in medieval literature is Sir Gawain (King Arthur's nephew and a Knight of the Round Table) in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (late 14th century). Since the early modern period, the title of knight is purely honorific, usually bestowed by a monarch, often for non-military service to the country. The modern female equivalent in the UK is damehood. The ceremony often takes place at Buckingham Palace, and family members are invited to attend. Differing examples for receiving a knighthood include: Sir Nicholas Winton: for "services to humanity, in saving Jewish children from Nazi occupied Czechoslovakia", Sir Elton John: for "services to music and charitable services", Sir Ridley Scott: for "services to the British film industry", and Sir Richard Branson: for "services to entrepreneurship". Examples for those receiving a damehood include: actress Dame Julie Andrews and singer Dame Shirley Bassey: both for "services to the performing arts", actress Dame Joan Collins: for "services to charity", and Dame Agatha Christie: for "contribution to literature." Much of the folklore of the United Kingdom pre-dates the 18th century. Though some of the characters and stories are present throughout all of the UK, most belong to specific countries or regions. Common folkloric beings include pixies, giants, elves, bogeymen, trolls, goblins and dwarves. While many legends and folk-customs are thought to be ancient, such as the tales featuring Offa of Angeln and Weyland Smith, others date from after the Norman invasion of England; Robin Hood and his Merry Men of Sherwood and their battles with the Sheriff of Nottingham being, perhaps, the best known. During the High Middle Ages tales originated from Brythonic traditions, notably the Arthurian legend. Deriving from Welsh source; King Arthur, Excalibur and Merlin, while the Jersey poet Wace introduced the Knights of the Round Table. These stories are most centrally brought together within Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae (History of the Kings of Britain). Another early figure from British tradition, King Cole, may have been based on a real figure from Sub-Roman Britain. Many of the tales and pseudo-histories make up part of the wider Matter of Britain, a collection of shared British folklore. The Loch Ness Monster is a cryptid that is reputed to inhabit Loch Ness in the Scottish Highlands. The legendary monster has been affectionately referred to by the nickname Nessie since the 1950s. The Leprechaun figures large in Irish folklore. A mischievous fairy type creature in emerald green clothing who when not playing tricks spend all their time busily making shoes, the Leprechaun is said to have a pot of gold hidden at the end of the rainbow, and if ever captured by a human it has the magical power to grant three wishes in exchange for release. In mythology, English fairy tales such as Jack and the Beanstalk and Jack the Giant Killer helped form the modern perception of giants as stupid and violent, while the dwarf Tom Thumb is a traditional hero in English folklore. English fairy tale Goldilocks and the Three Bears is one of the most popular fairy tales in the English language. Some folk figures are based on semi or actual historical people whose story has been passed down centuries; Lady Godiva for instance was said to have ridden naked on horseback through Coventry, the heroic English figure Hereward the Wake resisted the Norman invasion, Herne the Hunter is an equestrian ghost associated with Windsor Forest and Great Park, and Mother Shipton is the archetypal witch. The chivalrous bandit, such as Dick Turpin, is a recurring character. Published in 1724, A General History of the Pyrates by Captain Charles Johnson provided the standard account of the lives of many pirates in the Golden Age. It influenced pirate literature of Scottish novelists Robert Louis Stevenson (Treasure Island) and J. M. Barrie. Many famous English pirates from the Golden Age hailed from the West Country in south west England—the stereotypical West Country "pirate accent" was popularised by West Country native Robert Newton's portrayal of Stevenson's Long John Silver in film. The concept of "walking the plank" was popularised by Barrie's novel, Peter Pan, where Captain Hook's pirates helped define the archetype. Davy Jones' Locker where sailors or ship's remains are consigned to the bottom of the sea is first recorded by Daniel Defoe in 1726. Johnson's 1724 book gave a mythical status to famous English pirates such as Blackbeard and Calico Jack—Jack is known for his Jolly Roger flag design, a skull with crossed swords. The Gremlin is part of Royal Air force folklore dating from the 1920s, with gremlin being RAF slang for a mischievous creature that sabotages aircraft, meddling in the plane's equipment. Legendary figures from 19th century London whose tales have been romanticised include Sweeney Todd, the murderous barber of Fleet Street, and serial killer Jack the Ripper. On 5 November, people in England make bonfires, set off fireworks and eat toffee apples in commemoration of the foiling of Guy Fawkes' Gunpowder Plot, which became an annual event after The Thanksgiving Act of 1606 was passed. Guy Fawkes mask is an emblem for anti-establishment protest groups. Halloween is a traditional and much celebrated holiday in Scotland and Ireland on the night of 31 October. The name Halloween is first attested in the 16th century as a Scottish shortening of the fuller All-Hallows-Even, and according to some historians has its roots in the gaelic festival Samhain, where the Gaels believed the border between this world and the otherworld became thin, and the dead would revisit the mortal world. In 1780, Dumfries poet John Mayne makes note of pranks at Halloween; "What fearfu' pranks ensue!", as well as the supernatural associated with the night, "Bogies" (ghosts). Robert Burns' 1785 poem "Halloween" is recited by Scots at Halloween, and Burns was influenced by Mayne's composition. In Scotland and Ireland, traditional Halloween customs include; Guising — children disguised in costume going from door to door requesting food or coins – which became practice by the late 19th century, turnips hollowed-out and carved with faces to make lanterns, holding parties where games such as apple bobbing are played. Agatha Christie's mystery novel Hallowe'en Party is about a girl who is drowned in an apple-bobbing tub. Other practices in Ireland include lighting bonfires, and having firework displays. Further contemporary imagery of Halloween is derived from Gothic and Horror literature (notably Shelley's Frankenstein and Stoker's Dracula), and classic horror films (such as Hammer Horrors). Mass transatlantic Irish and Scottish migration in the 19th century popularised Halloween in North America. Witchcraft has featured in the British isles for millennia. The use of a crystal ball is attributed to the druids to foretell the future. In medieval folklore King Arthur's magician, the wizard Merlin, carried around a crystal ball for the same purpose. John Dee, consultant to Elizabeth I, frequently used a crystal ball to communicate with the angels. Probably the most famous depiction of witchcraft in literature is in Shakespeare's 1606 play Macbeth featuring the three witches and their cauldron. Contemporary witchcraft began in England in the early 20th century via notable figures such as Aleister Crowley and the father of Wicca Gerald Gardner, before expanding westward in the 1960s. Settling down near the New Forest in Hampshire, Gardner joined an occult group through which he claimed to have encountered the New Forest coven into which he was initiated in 1939. Believing the coven to be a survival of the pre-Christian Witch-Cult, he decided to revive the faith, supplementing the coven's rituals with ideas borrowed from ceremonial magic and the writings of Crowley to form the Gardnerian tradition of Wicca. Moving to London in 1945, following the repeal of the Witchcraft Act of 1736 Gardner became intent on propagating Wicca, attracting media attention and writing about it in Witchcraft Today (1954) and The Meaning of Witchcraft (1959). Crowley (the founder of Thelema) was described as "the most notorious occultist magician of the 20th century", and he remains an influential figure over Western esotericism and the counter-culture. In British popular culture, his motto of "Do What Thou Wilt" is inscribed on the vinyl of Led Zeppelin's album Led Zeppelin III, and he is the subject of Ozzy Osbourne's single "Mr Crowley". National parks, Museums, Libraries, and Galleries Each country of the United Kingdom has its own body responsible for heritage matters. English Heritage is the governmental body with a broad remit of managing the historic sites, artefacts and environments of England. It is currently sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. The charity National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty holds a contrasting role. Seventeen of the United Kingdom UNESCO World Heritage Sites are in England. Some of the best known of these include; Hadrian's Wall, Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites, Tower of London, Jurassic Coast, Westminster, Saltaire, Ironbridge Gorge, Studley Royal Park and various others. The northernmost point of the Roman Empire, Hadrian's Wall is the largest Roman artefact anywhere; it runs a total of 73 miles in northern England. Historic Scotland is the executive agency of the Scottish Government, responsible for historic monuments in Scotland, such as Stirling Castle. The Old and New Town of Edinburgh is a notable Scottish World Heritage site. Many of Wales' great castles, such as the Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd and other monuments, are under the care of Cadw, the historic environment service of the Welsh Government. The Northern Ireland Environment Agency promotes and conserves the natural and built environment in Northern Ireland, and The Giants Causeway on the northeast coast is one of the UK's natural World Heritage sites. Museums and galleries The British Museum in London with its collection of more than seven million objects, is one of the largest and most comprehensive in the world, sourced from every continent, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginning to the present. National Museums of Scotland bring together national collections in Scotland. Amgueddfa Cymru – National Museum Wales comprises eight museums in Wales. National Museums Northern Ireland has four museums in Northern Ireland including the Ulster Museum. In addition the Titanic Belfast museum, a visitor attraction in the Titanic Quarter, east Belfast, Northern Ireland on the regenerated site of the shipyard where Titanic was built, was officially opened to the public in March 2012. The architecture is a tribute to Titanic itself, with the external facades, a nod to the enormous hull of the cruise liner. The world's first Madame Tussauds wax museum opened in London in 1835, and today displays waxworks of famous people from various fields, including; royalty (Princess Diana), historical figures (Henry VIII), sport (David Beckham), music and entertainment (Freddie Mercury) among others. The most senior art gallery is the National Gallery in Trafalgar Square, which houses a collection of over 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900. The Tate galleries house the national collections of British and international modern art; they also host the famously controversial Turner Prize. The National Galleries of Scotland are the five national galleries of Scotland and two partner galleries. The National Museum of Art, Wales, opened in 2011. The British Library in London is the national library and is one of the world's largest research libraries, holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats; including around 25 million books. The National Library of Scotland in Edinburgh, holds 7 million books, fourteen million printed items and over 2 million maps. The National Library of Wales is the national legal deposit library of Wales. Historical markers: blue plaques A blue plaque, the oldest historical marker scheme in the world, is a permanent sign installed in a public place in the UK to commemorate a link between that location and a famous person or event. The scheme was the brainchild of politician William Ewart in 1863 and was initiated in 1866. It was formally established by the Society of Arts in 1867, and since 1986 has been run by English Heritage. The first plaque was unveiled in 1867 to commemorate Lord Byron at his birthplace, 24 Holles Street, Cavendish Square, London. Examples that commemorate events include John Logie Baird's first demonstration of the television at 22 Frith Street, Westminster, W1, London, the first sub 4-minute mile run by Roger Bannister on 6 May 1954 at Oxford University's Iffley Road Track, and the sweet shop in Llandaff, Cardiff that commemorates the mischief carried out by a young Roald Dahl who put a mouse in the gobstoppers jar. Science and technology From the time of the Scientific Revolution, England and Scotland, and thereafter the United Kingdom, have been prominent in world scientific and technological development. The Royal Society serves as the national academy for sciences, with members drawn from different institutions and disciplines. Formed in 1660, it is one of the oldest learned societies still in existence. Sir Isaac Newton's publication of the Principia Mathematica ushered in what is recognisable as modern physics. The first edition of 1687 and the second edition of 1713 framed the scientific context of the foundation of the United Kingdom. He realised that the same force is responsible for movements of celestial and terrestrial bodies, namely gravity. He is the father of classical mechanics, formulated as his three laws and as the co-inventor (with Gottfried Leibniz) of differential calculus. He also created the binomial theorem, worked extensively on optics, and created a law of cooling. Since Newton's time, figures from the UK have contributed to the development of most major branches of science. Examples include Michael Faraday, who, with James Clerk Maxwell, unified the electric and magnetic forces in what are now known as Maxwell's equations; James Joule, who worked extensively in thermodynamics and is often credited with the discovery of the principle of conservation of energy; Paul Dirac, one of the pioneers of quantum mechanics; naturalist Charles Darwin, author of On the Origin of Species and discoverer of the principle of evolution by natural selection; James Hutton, founder of modern geology, whose work on the age of the earth forms a key element of Darwin's theory; Harold Kroto, the discoverer of buckminsterfullerene; William Thomson (Baron Kelvin) who drew important conclusions in the field of thermodynamics and invented the Kelvin scale of absolute zero; botanist Robert Brown discovered the random movement of particles suspended in a fluid (Brownian motion); and the creator of Bell's Theorem, John Stewart Bell. Other 19th and early 20th century British pioneers in their field include; Joseph Lister (Antiseptic surgery), Edward Jenner (Vaccination), Richard Owen (Palaeontology, coined the term Dinosaur), Florence Nightingale (Nursing), Sir George Cayley (Aerodynamics), William Fox Talbot (Photography), Howard Carter (Modern Archaeology, discovered Tutankhamun). John Harrison invented the marine chronometer, a key piece in solving the problem of accurately establishing longitude at sea, thus revolutionising and extending the possibility of safe long distance sea travel. The most celebrated British explorers include James Cook, Walter Raleigh, Sir Francis Drake, Henry Hudson, George Vancouver, Sir John Franklin, David Livingstone, Captain John Smith, Robert Falcon Scott, Lawrence Oates and Ernest Shackleton. The aquarium craze began in early Victorian England when Philip Henry Gosse created and stocked the first public aquarium at the London Zoo in 1853, and coined the term "aquarium" when he published, The Aquarium: An Unveiling of the Wonders of the Deep Sea, in 1854. Robert FitzRoy pioneered weather forecasting: the first daily weather forecasts were published in The Times in 1861. A crucial advance in the development of the flush toilet was the S-trap invented by Alexander Cumming in 1775 — it uses the standing water to seal the outlet of the bowl, preventing the escape of foul air from the sewer. In 1824 Charles Macintosh invented the waterproof raincoat (the Mackintosh (mac) is named after him. William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet in 1824. The first commercial electrical telegraph was co-invented by Sir William Fothergill Cooke and Charles Wheatstone. They patented it in May 1837 as an alarm system, and it was first successfully demonstrated on 25 July 1837 between Euston and Camden Town in London. Postal reformer Sir Rowland Hill is regarded as the creator of the modern postal service and the inventor of the postage stamp (Penny Black) — with his solution of pre-payment facilitating the safe, speedy and cheap transfer of letters. Hill's colleague Sir Henry Cole introduced the world's first commercial Christmas card in 1843. In 1851 Sir George Airy established the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, London, as the location of the prime meridian where longitude is defined to be 0° (the point that divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres). George Boole authored The Laws of Thought which contains Boolean algebra. Forming the mathematical foundations of computing, Boolean logic laid the foundations for the information age. Historically, many of the UK's greatest scientists have been based at either Oxford or Cambridge University, with laboratories such as the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge and the Clarendon Laboratory in Oxford becoming famous in their own right. In modern times, other institutions such as the Red Brick and New Universities are catching up with Oxbridge. For instance, Lancaster University has a global reputation for work in low temperature physics. Technologically, the UK is also amongst the world's leaders. Historically, it was at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution, with innovations especially in textiles, the steam engine, railroads, machine tools and civil engineering. Famous British engineers and inventors from this period include James Watt, Robert Stephenson, Richard Arkwright, Henry Maudslay and the 'father of Railways' George Stephenson. Maudslay's most influential invention was the screw-cutting lathe, a machine which created uniformity in screws and allowed for the application of interchangeable parts (a prerequisite for mass production): it was a revolutionary development necessary for the Industrial Revolution. The UK has the oldest railway networks in the world, with the Stockton and Darlington Railway, opened in 1825, the first public railway to use steam locomotives. Opened in 1863, London Underground is the world's first underground railway. With his role in the marketing and manufacturing of Watt's steam engine, and invention of modern coinage, Matthew Boulton is regarded as one of the most influential entrepreneurs in history. Engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel, another major figure of the Industrial Revolution, was placed second in a 2002 BBC nationwide poll to determine the "100 Greatest Britons". He created the Great Western Railway, as well as famous steamships including the SS Great Britain, the first propeller-driven ocean-going iron ship, and SS Great Eastern which laid the first lasting transatlantic telegraph cable. Josiah Wedgwood pioneered the industrialisation of pottery manufacture. In 1820, Scottish road builder John McAdam invented a new process, "macadamisation", for building roads with a smooth hard surface. In 1901 English inventor Edgar Purnell Hooley added tar to the mix and named it Tarmac (short for tarmacadam). Since then, the UK has continued this tradition of technical creativity. Alan Turing (leading role in the creation of the modern computer), Scottish inventor Alexander Graham Bell (the first practical telephone), John Logie Baird (world's first working television system, first electronic colour television), Frank Whittle (inventor of the jet engine), Charles Babbage (devised the idea of the computer), Alexander Fleming (discovered penicillin). The UK remains one of the leading providers of technological innovations today, providing inventions as diverse as the World Wide Web by Sir Tim Berners-Lee, and Viagra by British scientists at Pfizer's Sandwich, Kent. Sir Alec Jeffreys pioneered DNA fingerprinting. Pioneers of fertility treatment Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards, successfully achieved conception through IVF (world's first "test tube baby") in 1978. The prototype tank was constructed at William Foster & Co. in Lincoln in 1915, with leading roles played by Major Walter Gordon Wilson who designed the gearbox and developed practical tracks and by William Tritton whose company built it. This was a prototype of the Mark I tank, the first tank used in combat in September 1916 during WWI. The First Lord of the Admiralty, Winston Churchill, was credited by Prime Minister David Lloyd George as being the driving force behind their production. In 1952, OXO (or Noughts and Crosses), created by computer scientist Alexander S. Douglas, was the first video game. In OXO, the computer player could play perfect games of tic-tac-toe against a human opponent. In the mid 1960s, John Shepherd-Barron invented the cash machine (ATM) and James Goodfellow invented Personal identification number (PIN) technology, and on 27 June 1967, the world's first cash machine was established outside a branch of Barclays Bank in Enfield, north London. Other famous scientists, engineers, theorists and inventors from the UK include: Sir Francis Bacon, Richard Trevithick (Train), Thomas Henry Huxley, Francis Crick (DNA), Rosalind Franklin (Photo 51), Robert Boyle (Boyle's Law), Robert Hooke, Thomas Young, Humphry Davy, Robert Watson-Watt, J. J. Thomson (discovered Electron), James Chadwick (discovered Neutron), Frederick Soddy (discovered Isotope), John Cockcroft, Henry Bessemer, Edmond Halley, Sir William Herschel, Charles Parsons (Steam turbine), Alan Blumlein (Stereo sound), John Dalton (Colour blindness), James Dewar, Alexander Parkes (celluloid), Charles Macintosh, Ada Lovelace, Peter Durand, Alcock & Brown (first non-stop transatlantic flight), Henry Cavendish (discovered Hydrogen), Francis Galton, Sir Joseph Swan (Incandescent light bulb), Sir William Gull (Anorexia nervosa), George Everest, Edward Whymper (first ascent of Matterhorn), Daniel Rutherford, Arthur Eddington (luminosity of stars), Lord Rayleigh (why sky is blue), Norman Lockyer (discovered Helium), Julian Huxley (formed WWF), Adam Smith (pioneer of modern economics and capitalism), Charles K. Kao (fiber optics), Harry Ferguson (three-point linkage revolutionised the farm tractor), Sir James Martin (ejection seat), Frank Pantridge (portable defibrillator), John Herschel, Bertrand Russell (analytic philosophy pioneer), Jim Marshall (guitar amplifier pioneer), William Ramsay (discovered the noble gases), Peter Higgs (proposed Higgs boson), Harry Brearley (stainless steel), John Venn (Venn diagram), Jane Goodall, William Playfair (founder of statistical graphics; created bar chart and pie chart), Edward Raymond Turner (world's first colour motion picture film), Sir Jonathan Ive (Chief Design Officer of Apple Inc.), Thomas Bayes (Bayes theorem), Dorothy Hodgkin (X-ray crystallography), Frederick Sanger, Richard Dawkins, Stephen Hawking and Joseph Priestley. The United Kingdom was created as an Anglican Christian country and Anglican churches remain the largest faith group in each country of the UK except Scotland where Anglicanism is a tiny minority. Following this is Roman Catholicism and religions including Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Judaism, and Buddhism. Today British Jews number around 300 000 with the UK having the fifth largest Jewish community worldwide. William Tyndale's 1520s translation of the Bible was the first to be printed in English, and was a model for subsequent English translations, notably the King James Version in 1611. The Book of Common Prayer of 1549 was the first prayer book to include the complete forms of service for daily and Sunday worship in English, and the marriage and burial rites have found their way into those of other denominations and into the English language. In 17th century England, the Puritans condemned the celebration of Christmas. In contrast, the Anglican Church "pressed for a more elaborate observance of feasts, penitential seasons, and saints' days. The calendar reform became a major point of tension between the Anglicans and Puritans." The Catholic Church also responded, promoting the festival in a more religiously oriented form. King Charles I of England directed his noblemen and gentry to return to their landed estates in midwinter to keep up their old-style Christmas generosity. Following the Parliamentarian victory over Charles I during the English Civil War, Puritan rulers banned Christmas in 1647. Protests followed as pro-Christmas rioting broke out in several cities and for weeks Canterbury was controlled by the rioters, who decorated doorways with holly and shouted royalist slogans. The book, The Vindication of Christmas (London, 1652), argued against the Puritans, and makes note of Old English Christmas traditions, dinner, roast apples on the fire, card playing, dances with "plow-boys" and "maidservants", old Father Christmas and carol singing. The Restoration of King Charles II in 1660 ended the ban. Following the Restoration, Poor Robins Almanack contained the lines: - Now thanks to God for Charles return - Whose absence made old Christmas mourn - For then we scarcely did it know - Whether it Christmas were or no. The diary of James Woodforde, from the latter half of the 18th century, details Christmas observance and celebrations associated with the season over a number of years. In the early 19th century, writers imagined Tudor Christmas as a time of heartfelt celebration. In 1843, Charles Dickens wrote the novel A Christmas Carol that helped revive the "spirit" of Christmas and seasonal merriment. Dickens sought to construct Christmas as a family-centered festival of generosity, linking "worship and feasting, within a context of social reconciliation." Superimposing his humanitarian vision of the holiday, termed "Carol Philosophy", Dickens influenced many aspects of Christmas celebrated today in Western culture, such as family gatherings, seasonal food and drink, dancing, games, and a festive generosity of spirit. A prominent phrase from the tale, "Merry Christmas", was popularized following its publication. The term Scrooge became a synonym for miser, with "Bah! Humbug!" dismissive of the festive spirit. Tiny Tim says "God bless us, every one!" which he offers as a blessing at Christmas dinner. Dickens repeats the phrase at the end of the story; symbolic of Scrooge's change of heart. The revival of the Christmas Carol began with William Sandys's Christmas Carols Ancient and Modern (1833), with the first appearance in print of "The First Noel", "I Saw Three Ships", "Hark the Herald Angels Sing" and "God Rest Ye Merry, Gentlemen". In 1843 the first commercial Christmas card was produced by Henry Cole leading to the exchange of festive greeting cards among the public. The movement coincided with the appearance of the Oxford Movement and the growth of Anglo-Catholicism, which led a revival in traditional rituals and religious observances. In the UK, the Christmas tree was introduced in the early 19th century following the personal union with the Kingdom of Hanover by Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, wife of King George III. In 1832, the future Queen Victoria wrote about her delight at having a Christmas tree, hung with lights, ornaments, and presents placed round it. After her marriage to her German cousin Prince Albert, a hugely influential image of the British royal family with their Christmas tree at Windsor Castle was published in the Illustrated London News in 1848, after which the custom became more widespread throughout Britain. While 2001 census information suggests that over 75 percent of UK citizens consider themselves to belong to a religion, Gallup reports only 10 percent of UK citizens regularly attend religious services. A 2004 YouGov poll found that 44 percent of UK citizens believe in God, while 35 percent do not. Christmas and Easter are national public holidays in the UK, and Christian organisations, such as the Salvation Army founded by William Booth, play an important role for their charitable work. The UK has a parliamentary government based on the Westminster system that has been emulated around the world – a legacy of the British Empire. The Parliament of the United Kingdom that meets in the Houses of Parliament has two houses: an elected House of Commons and an appointed House of Lords, and any Bill passed requires Royal Assent to become law. It is the ultimate legislative authority in the United Kingdom since the devolved parliament in Scotland and devolved assemblies in Northern Ireland, and Wales are not sovereign bodies and could be abolished by the UK parliament despite being established following public approval as expressed in referendums. The UK's two major political parties are the Labour Party and the Conservative Party, who most recently won between them 563 out of 650 seats available them in the House of Commons at the 2015 general election. The Scottish National Party (Scotland only) won 56 out of 59 Scottish seats in the House of Commons replacing the Liberal Democrats as the overall third largest party. The remaining seats were won by smaller parties, such as The Green Party and UKIP as well as regional parties such as, Plaid Cymru (Wales only), the Democratic Unionist Party, Social Democratic and Labour Party, Ulster Unionist Party, and Sinn Féin (Northern Ireland). The United Kingdom has an uncodified constitution, the Constitution of the United Kingdom, consisting mostly of a collection of disparate written sources, including statutes, judge-made case law, and international treaties. As there is no technical difference between ordinary statutes and "constitutional law," the UK Parliament can perform "constitutional reform" simply by passing Acts of Parliament and thus has the political power to change or abolish almost any written or unwritten element of the constitution. However, no Parliament can pass laws that future Parliaments cannot change. British constitutional documents include: Magna Carta (foundation of the "great writ" Habeas corpus — safeguarding individual freedom against arbitrary state action), the Bill of Rights 1689 (one provision granting freedom of speech in Parliament), Petition of Right, Habeas Corpus Act 1679 and Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949. A separate but similar document, the Claim of Right Act, applies in Scotland. The jurist Albert Venn Dicey wrote that the British Habeas Corpus Acts "declare no principle and define no rights, but they are for practical purposes worth a hundred constitutional articles guaranteeing individual liberty". A strong advocate of the "unwritten constitution", Dicey stated English rights were embedded in the general English common law of personal liberty, and "the institutions and manners of the nation". The 17th century English patriot John Hampden was a leading parliamentarian involved in challenging the authority of Charles I when he refused to be taxed for ship money in 1637, and was one of the Five Members whose attempted unconstitutional arrest by the King in the House of Commons in 1642 sparked the English Civil War. The wars established the constitutional rights of parliament, a concept legally established as part of the Glorious Revolution in 1688 and the subsequent Bill of Rights 1689. Since that time, no British monarch has entered the House of Commons when it is sitting. Hampden is annually commemorated at the State Opening of Parliament by the British monarch when the doors of the House of Commons are slammed in the face of the monarch's messenger, symbolising the rights of Parliament and its independence from the monarch. Other important British political figures include; William Blackstone, 18th century jurist, judge and politician best known for his seminal work, Commentaries on the Laws of England, containing his formulation: "It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer", a principle that government and the courts must err on the side of innocence, Emmeline Pankhurst, led the suffragettes which helped win women the right to vote, William Wilberforce, leading abolitionist, Robert Peel, founded the Conservative party (which was expanded by Benjamin Disraeli), and created the modern police force. Robert Walpole is generally regarded as the first British Prime Minister (1721–1742). Margaret Thatcher was the first female British Prime Minister (1979–1990). She became known as the "Iron Lady", a term coined by a Soviet journalist for her uncompromising politics and leadership style. Nigel Farage, founding member of the UK Independence Party (UKIP) that advocated a UK withdrawal from the European Union, has been dubbed "Mr Brexit". He succeeded in his overriding ambition – to see the UK vote to leave the European Union. English poet William Cowper wrote in 1785, "We have no slaves at home – Then why abroad? Slaves cannot breathe in England; if their lungs receive our air, that moment they are free, They touch our country, and their shackles fall. That's noble, and bespeaks a nation proud. And jealous of the blessing. Spread it then, And let it circulate through every vein." Thomas Clarkson described fellow British abolitionist Josiah Wedgwood's 1787 anti-slavery medallion, "Am I Not A Man And A Brother?", as "promoting the cause of justice, humanity and freedom". Following the Slave Trade Act 1807, Britain pressed other nations to end their trade with a series of treaties, and in 1839 the world's oldest international human rights organisation, Anti-Slavery International, was formed in London, which worked to outlaw slavery abroad; Wilberforce's abolitionist colleague Thomas Clarkson was the organisation's first key speaker. The 1965 suspension of the death penalty for murder had been introduced to Parliament as a private member's bill by Sydney Silverman MP. The world's largest human rights organisation, Amnesty International, was founded by Peter Benenson in London in 1961. British cuisine is the specific set of cooking traditions and practices associated with the United Kingdom. Historically, British cuisine means "unfussy dishes made with quality local ingredients, matched with simple sauces to accentuate flavour, rather than disguise it." British cuisine has traditionally been limited in its international recognition to the full breakfast and the Christmas dinner. However, Celtic agriculture and animal breeding produced a wide variety of foodstuffs for indigenous Celts. Anglo-Saxon England developed meat and savoury herb stewing techniques before the practice became common in Europe. The Norman conquest introduced exotic spices into Great Britain in the Middle Ages. The British Empire facilitated a knowledge of India's food tradition of "strong, penetrating spices and herbs". Each country within the United Kingdom has its own specialities. Traditional examples of English cuisine include the Sunday roast; featuring a roasted joint, usually roast beef (a signature English national dish dating back to the 1731 ballad "The Roast Beef of Old England"), lamb or chicken, served with assorted boiled vegetables, Yorkshire pudding and gravy. The full English breakfast—consists of bacon, grilled tomatoes, fried bread, baked beans, fried mushrooms, sausages and eggs. Black pudding and hash browns are often also included. It is usually served with tea or coffee. Fish and chips are also regarded as a national institution: Winston Churchill called them "the good companions", John Lennon smothered them in tomato ketchup, while George Orwell referred to them as a "chief comfort" of the working class. The meal was created in 1860 on the streets of the East End of London by a Jewish boy Joseph Malin who came up with the idea of combining fried fish with chips. A blue plaque at Oldham's Tommyfield Market marks the 1860s origin of the fish and chip shop and fast food industries. Various meat pies are consumed such as steak and kidney pie, shepherd's pie, cottage pie, Cornish pasty and pork pie, the latter of which is consumed cold. A quintessential British custom, afternoon tea is a small meal snack typically eaten between 4pm and 6pm. The most popular drink in Britain, tea became more widely drunk due to Catherine of Braganza, and is traditionally accompanied with biscuits, sandwiches, scones, cakes or pastries (such as Battenberg cake, fruit cake or Victoria sponge). In his 1946 essay "A Nice Cup of Tea", author George Orwell wrote; "tea is one of the mainstays of civilisation in this country." McVitie's are the best selling biscuit brand in the UK, and the most popular biscuits to "dunk" in tea, with McVitie's chocolate digestives, rich tea and hobnobs ranked the nation's top three favourite biscuits. Other popular British biscuits include bourbons, custard creams, Jammie Dodgers, ginger nuts and shortbread. The first documented figure-shaped biscuits (gingerbread man) was at the court of Elizabeth I in the 16th century. The first recipe for ice cream was published in Mrs. Mary Eales's Receipts in London 1718. The 18th-century English aristocrat John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich is best known for his links to the modern concept of the sandwich which was named after him. When he ordered his valet to bring him meat tucked between two pieces of bread, because Montagu also happened to be the Fourth Earl of Sandwich, others began to order "the same as Sandwich!". In the city of Leeds in 1767, Joseph Priestley made his "happiest" discovery when he invented carbonated water (also known as soda water), the major and defining component of most soft drinks. Sausages are commonly eaten as bangers and mash, in sausage rolls or as toad in the hole. Lancashire hotpot is a well known stew. Popular cheeses include Cheddar and Wensleydale. Sweet British dishes include scones, apple pie, mince pies, spotted dick, Eccles cakes, pancakes, sponge cake, trifle, custard, sticky toffee pudding, Tunnock's teacake, and Jaffa cakes; the best selling cake in the UK. Marmalade is a popular British spread for toast or sandwich: a spread famous in UK culture for its association with Paddington Bear. The hot cross bun is a popular British sweet bun traditionally eaten on Good Friday, but are now eaten all year round. Scottish cuisine includes Arbroath Smokie and Haggis; Northern Irish cuisine features the Ulster fry and the Pastie and Welsh cuisine is noted for Welsh rarebit (often using Worcestershire sauce) and Cawl. Native to Scotland, Angus cattle is the UK's most popular native beef breed. Cavendish bananas were cultivated by Sir Joseph Paxton in the greenhouses of Chatsworth House, Derbyshire in 1836. Named after William Cavendish, they account for the vast majority of bananas consumed in the western world. The pub is an important aspect of British culture, and is often the focal point of local communities. Referred to as their "local" by regulars, pubs are typically chosen for their proximity to home or work, the availability of a particular beer or ale or a good selection, good food, a social atmosphere, the presence of friends and acquaintances, and the availability of pub games such as a darts or snooker. Pubs will often screen sports events, such as English Premier League and Scottish Premier League games (or for international tournaments, the FIFA World Cup). The pub quiz was established in the UK in the 1970s. In 1393, Richard II introduced legislation that pubs had to display a sign outdoors to make them easily visible for passing ale tasters who would assess the quality of ale sold. The owner or tenant (licensee) is known as the pub landlord or publican, while barmaids are a common feature in pubs. Alcoholic drinks served in pubs include wines and English beers such as bitter, mild, stout, and brown ale. Whisky dates back to Ireland and Scotland in the Middle Ages, with each producing their own brand; Irish Whiskey and Scotch Whisky. On Christmas Day, goose was initially served at dinner, however since appearing in Christmas tables in England in the late 16th century, the turkey has become more popular, with Christmas pudding served for dessert. The 16th-century English navigator William Strickland is credited with introducing the turkey into England, and 16th century farmer Thomas Tusser noted that by 1573 turkeys were common in the English Christmas dinner. This custom gave rise to the humorous English idiom, "like turkeys voting for Christmas". The turkey is sometimes accompanied with roast beef or ham, and is served with stuffing, gravy, roast potatoes, mashed potatoes and vegetables. Invented in London in the 1840s, Christmas crackers are an integral part of Christmas celebrations, often pulled before or after dinner, or at parties. Chinese restaurants and takeaways (in addition to Indian) are among the most popular ethnic food in the UK. Chinese takeaways are a common sight in towns throughout the UK, and many serve a pseudo-Chinese cuisine based around western tastes (such as chicken fried rice, chips and curry sauce). Home baking has always been a significant part of British home cooking, with influential cookbooks including The Experienced English Housekeeper (1769), and Modern Cookery for Private Families (1845). However, the massive success of the 2010s television show The Great British Bake Off is credited with spurring a renewed interest in home baking, with supermarkets and department stores in the UK reporting sharp rises in sales of baking ingredients and accessories. The earliest recipe for the crisp (potato chip) is in food writer William Kitchiner's 1822 cookbook The Cook's Oracle. The crisp market in the UK is dominated by Walkers, which holds 58 per cent of the market. The Quakers, founded in England by George Fox in the 1650s and described by the BBC as "natural capitalists", had a virtual monopoly in the British chocolate industry for much of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, led by Cadbury of Birmingham, Fry's of Bristol and Rowntree's and Terry's of York. British chocolate bars; Cadbury Dairy Milk, Galaxy and Kit Kat, are the three best selling bars in the UK. Cadbury Creme Eggs are the best selling confectionery item between New Year's Day and Easter in the UK, with annual sales in excess of 200 million. A stick of rock (a hard cylindrical stick-shaped boiled sugar) is a traditional British seaside sweet, commonly sold at seaside resorts throughout the UK such as Brighton, Portrush and Blackpool. A "99 Flake" (commonly called a "99") which consists of ice cream in a cone with a Cadbury Flake inserted in it, is a hugely popular British dessert. Most of the major sports have separate administrative structures and national teams for each of the countries of the United Kingdom. Though each country is also represented individually at the Commonwealth Games, there is a single 'Team GB' (for Great Britain) that represents the UK at the Olympic Games. With the rules and codes of many modern sports invented and codified in late 19th century Victorian Britain, in 2012, IOC President Jacques Rogge stated; "This great, sports-loving country is widely recognized as the birthplace of modern sport. It was here that the concepts of sportsmanship and fair play were first codified into clear rules and regulations. It was here that sport was included as an educational tool in the school curriculum". The most popular sport in the UK is association football. The rules were first drafted in England in 1863 by Ebenezer Cobb Morley, and the UK has the oldest football clubs in the world. England is recognised as the birthplace of club football by FIFA, with Sheffield F.C., founded in 1857, the world's oldest football club. The home nations all have separate national teams and domestic competitions, most notably England's Premier League and FA Cup, and the Scottish Premiership and Scottish Cup. The top three Welsh football clubs feature in the English league system. The first ever international football match was between Scotland and England in 1872. Referred to as the "home of football" by FIFA, England hosted the 1966 FIFA World Cup, and won the tournament. The English Premier League (formed in 1992 by member clubs of the old Football League First Division) is the most-watched football league in the world, and its biggest clubs include Manchester United, Liverpool, Arsenal, Chelsea, Tottenham Hotspur and Manchester City. Scotland's Celtic and Rangers also have a global fanbase. The current English champions are Leicester City who were 5,000-1 outsiders at the start of the season. By some measures it was the greatest sporting upset ever: multiple bookmakers had never paid out at such long odds for any sport. The best-placed teams in the domestic leagues of England and Scotland qualify for Europe's premier competition, the UEFA Champions League, where the competition's anthem, written by English composer Tony Britten, is played before each game. Henry Lyte's Christian hymn "Abide With Me" is sung prior to kick-off at every FA Cup Final, a tradition since 1927. Football in Britain is renowned for the intense rivalries between clubs and the passion of the supporters, which includes a tradition of football chants, such as, "You're Not Singing Any More" (or its variant "We Can See You Sneaking Out!"), sung by jubilant fans towards the opposition fans who have gone silent (or left early). Throughout the UK, meat pies (as well as burgers and chips) is a traditional hot food eaten at football games either before kick-off or during half time. The Football Association dropped its ban on floodlights in 1950, and night games attracted increasingly large crowds of fans – some of them unruly—as well as large television audiences. Architects were challenged to build bigger stadia, and “their cantilevered constructions dwarfing mean streets, supplanted the cathedral as a symbol of the city's identity and aspirations.” The modern game of golf originated in Scotland, with the Fife town of St Andrews known internationally as the "Home of golf". and to many golfers the Old Course, an ancient links course dating to before 1574, is considered to be a site of pilgrimage. In 1764, the standard 18 hole golf course was created at St Andrews when members modified the course from 22 to 18 holes. Golf is documented as being played on Musselburgh Links, East Lothian, Scotland as early as 2 March 1672, which is certified as the oldest golf course in the world by Guinness World Records. The oldest known rules of golf were compiled in March 1744 in Leith. The oldest golf tournament in the world, and the first major championship in golf, The Open Championship, first took place in Ayrshire, Scotland in 1860, and today it is played on the weekend of the third Friday in July. Golf's first superstar Harry Vardon, a member of the fabled Great Triumvirate who were pioneers of the modern game, won the Open a record six times. Since the 2010s, three Northern Irish golfers have had major success; Graeme McDowell, Darren Clarke and four time major winner Rory McIlroy. The biennial golf competition, the Ryder Cup, is named after English businessman Samuel Ryder who sponsored the event and donated the trophy. Sir Nick Faldo is the most successful Ryder Cup player ever, having won the most points (25) of any player on either the European or U.S. teams. In 1845, rugby union was created when the first rules were written by pupils at Rugby School, Warwickshire. A former pupil of the school William Webb Ellis, is often fabled with the invention of running with the ball in hand in 1823. The first rugby international took place on 27 March 1871, played between England and Scotland. By 1881 both Ireland and Wales had teams, and in 1883 the first international competition the annual Home Nations Championship took place. In 1888, the Home Nations combined to form what is today called the British and Irish Lions, who now tour every four years to face a Southern Hemisphere team. The major domestic club competitions are the Premiership in England and the Celtic League in Ireland, Scotland, Wales and (since 2010) Italy. In 1895, rugby League was created in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, as the result of a split with the other Rugby code. The Super League is the sports top-level club competition in Britain, and the sport is especially popular in towns in the northern English counties of Yorkshire, Lancashire and Cumbria. The Challenge Cup is the major rugby league cup competition. The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England in the 1860s, and after its creation, tennis spread throughout the upper-class English-speaking population, before spreading around the world. Major Walter Clopton Wingfield is credited as being a pioneer of the game. The world's oldest tennis tournament, the Wimbledon championships, first occurred in 1877, and today the event takes place over two weeks in late June and early July. Created in the Tudor period in the court of Henry VIII, the English Strawberries and cream is synonymous with the British summer, and is famously consumed at Wimbledon. The eight-time Slam winner and Britain's most successful player Fred Perry, is one of only seven men in history to have won all four Grand Slam events. The 2013 and 2016 Wimbledon champion Andy Murray is Britain's most recent Grand Slam winner. The 'Queensberry rules', the code of general rules in boxing, was named after John Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry in 1867, that formed the basis of modern boxing. Britain's first heavyweight world champion Bob Fitzsimmons made boxing history as the sport's first three-division world champion. Some of the best contemporary British boxers included; super-middleweight champion Joe Calzaghe, featherweight champion Naseem Hamed, and heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis. The modern game of cricket was created in England in the 1830s when round arm bowling was legalised, followed by the historical legalisation of overarm bowling in 1864. In 1876–77, an England team took part in the first-ever Test match against Australia. Hugely influential in terms of his importance to the development of the sport, W. G. Grace is regarded as one of the greatest cricket players of all time, and devised most of the techniques of modern batting. The rivalry between England and Australia gave birth to The Ashes in 1882 that has remained Test cricket's most famous contest, and takes place every two years. The County Championship is the domestic competition in England and Wales. Originating in 17th and 18th-century England, the Thoroughbred is a horse breed best known for its use in horse racing. Horse racing was popular with the aristocrats and royalty of British society, earning it the title "Sport of Kings." Named after Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby, the Epsom Derby was first run in 1780. The race serves as the middle leg of the Triple Crown, preceded by the 2000 Guineas and followed by the St Leger. The name "Derby" has since become synonymous with great races all over the world, and as such has been borrowed many times in races abroad. The National Hunt horse race the Grand National, is held annually at Aintree Racecourse in early April. It is the most watched horse race in the UK, attracting casual observers, and three-time winner Red Rum is the most successful racehorse in the event's history. Red Rum is the best-known racehorse in the UK, named by 45% of Britons, with Black Beauty (from Anna Sewell's novel) in second with 33%. Bolton company J.W. Foster and Sons's pioneering running spikes appear in the book, Golden Kicks: The Shoes that changed Sport. They were made famous by 1924 100 m Olympic champion Harold Abrahams who would be immortalised in Chariots of Fire, the British Oscar winning film. Foster's grandsons formed the sportswear company Reebok in Bolton. The 1950 British Grand Prix was the first Formula One World Championship race. Since then, Britain has produced some of the greatest drivers in the sport, including; Stirling Moss, Jim Clark (twice F1 champion), Graham Hill (only driver to have won the Triple Crown), Jackie Stewart (three time F1 champion), James Hunt, Nigel Mansell (only man to hold F1 and IndyCar titles at the same time) and Lewis Hamilton. The British Grand Prix is held at Silverstone every July. Other major sporting events in the UK include the London Marathon, and The Boat Race on the River Thames. Cycling is a popular physical activity in the UK. In 1888, inventor Frank Bowden founded the Raleigh Bicycle Company, and by 1913, Raleigh was the biggest bicycle manufacturing company in the world. The Raleigh Chopper was named in the list of British design icons. In 1965 Tom Simpson became the first British world road race champion, and in 2012 Bradley Wiggins became the first British Tour de France winner. Chris Froome has subsequently won the Tour de France three times (2013, 2015 and 2016) while sprint specialist Mark Cavendish has won thirty Tour de France stages, putting him second on the all-time list. A great number of major sports originated in the United Kingdom, including association football, golf, tennis, boxing, rugby league, rugby union, cricket, field hockey, snooker, darts, billiards, squash, curling and badminton, all of which are popular in Britain. Another sport invented in the UK was baseball, and its early form rounders is popular among children in Britain. Snooker and darts are popular indoor games: Stephen Hendry is the seven time world snooker champion, Phil Taylor is the 16 time world darts champion. Gaelic football is very popular in Northern Ireland, with many teams from the north winning the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship since the early 2000s. William Penny Brookes was prominent in organising the format for the modern Olympic Games, and In 1994, then President of the IOC, Juan Antonio Samaranch, laid a wreath on Brooke's grave, and said, "I came to pay homage and tribute to Dr Brookes, who really was the founder of the modern Olympic Games". The Highland games are held throughout the year in Scotland as a way of celebrating Scottish and Celtic culture and heritage, especially that of the Scottish Highlands, with more than 60 games taking place across the country every year. Each December, the BBC Sports Personality of the Year is announced, as voted for by the British public. In 2002 Channel 4 broadcast the 100 Greatest Sporting Moments, as voted for by the UK public. By the early decades of the 19th century, it was all too clear that there was a great need for a chess set with pieces that were easy to use and universally recognized by chess players of diverse backgrounds. The solution, first released in 1849 by the purveyors of fine games, John Jaques of London, sport and games manufacturers, of Hatton Garden, London, was to become known as the Staunton chess set after Howard Staunton (1810–1874), the chess player and writer. The design became the standard for both professional and amateur chess players ever since. In the 1760s John Spilsbury invented the jigsaw puzzle. He affixed a world map to wood and carved each country out to create the first puzzle, and called them “Dissected Maps”. Another significant game invented in the UK was the murder mystery game Cluedo, which was first manufactured by Waddingtons in 1949. System of measurement, roads The use of the British imperial system of measure, particularly among the public, is widespread in the United Kingdom and is permitted by the law. Distance, height, weight and speed are the most common examples of such usage. An example of giving one's body weight would be; 11 and a half stone, or 11 stone and 7 pounds. Height is commonly given in feet and inches. Road-sign distances must be in yards and miles, while miles per hour appear on road signs and car speedometers. Imperial units (such as pounds and ounces) are legally permitted on UK goods after the European Commission announced in 2007 that it was to abandon the requirement for metric-only labelling on packaged goods in the UK and to allow dual metric–imperial marking to continue indefinitely. British people drive on the left, with research showing that countries driving on the left have a lower collision rate than countries driving on the right, and it has been suggested that this is partly because the predominantly better-performing right eye is used to monitor oncoming traffic and the driver's wing mirror. The name of the zebra crossing is attributed to British MP James Callaghan who, in 1948, visited the country's Transport Research Laboratory which was working on a new idea for safe pedestrian crossings. On being shown a design he is said to have remarked that it resembled a zebra. Located in Birmingham, the Gravelly Hill Interchange's colloquial name "Spaghetti Junction" was coined in 1965 by journalists from the Birmingham Evening Mail on 1 June 1965. In 1971, the Green Cross Code was introduced to teach children safer crossing habits. The building of roundabouts (circular junction) grew rapidly in the 1960s, with more than 10,000 now throughout the UK The Cat's eye retroreflective safety device used in road marking was invented by Percy Shaw in 1933. The UK has had a long history of car making, with some of the best known British brands including, Rolls Royce, Bentley, Aston Martin, Jaguar, Land Rover and the Mini. Rolls-Royce was founded by Charles Stewart Rolls and Sir Frederick Henry Royce in 1906. In addition to the company's reputation for superior engineering quality for its cars, Rolls-Royce Limited was known for manufacturing the high-powered "R" engines, including the iconic Rolls-Royce Merlin aero engine which fitted into many World War II aircraft. Bentley Motors Limited was founded by W. O. Bentley in 1919 in Cricklewood, North London, and, like Rolls Royce, is regarded as a British luxury automobile icon. Aston Martin was founded in 1913 by Lionel Martin and Robert Bamford, and became associated with luxury grand touring cars in the 1950s and 1960s, and with the fictional character James Bond. Jaguar was founded in 1922. The Jaguar E-Type sports car was released in 1961, upon which Enzo Ferrari called it "the most beautiful car ever made". Jaguar has, in recent years, manufactured cars for the British Prime Minister. The company also holds royal warrants from Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Charles. The Land Rover launched in 1948 and specialises in four-wheel-drive. Many models have been developed for the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD). The mini was released by the British Motor Corporation in 1959 and became a 1960s cultural icon. The performance versions, the Mini Cooper, was a successful rally car. The distinctive two-door mini was designed for BMC by Sir Alec Issigonis. It has been named Britain's favourite car in a poll. Sea, rail transport to continental Europe As an island nation, transport by boat to the European mainland (continental Europe) was the most common form of transport from the UK prior to air travel. The closest route is Dover in England to Calais in France, at 21 miles. The White Cliffs of Dover are at one end of the Kent Downs designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The cliff face goes up to 350 feet and the cliffs stretch for 8 miles of coastline. The National Trust calls the cliffs "an icon of Britain", with "the white chalk face a symbol of home and war time defense." Because crossing at Dover was the primary route to the continent before the advent of air travel, the white line of cliffs also formed the first or last sight of Britain for travellers. In World War II, thousands of allied troops on the little ships in the Dunkirk evacuation saw the welcoming sight of the cliffs. The Port of Dover is the world's busiest passenger port, with 16 million travellers, 2.1 million lorries, 2.8 million cars and motorcycles and 86,000 coaches passing through it each year. P&O Ferries is the UK's largest ferry operator at Dover. Built in 1994, the Channel Tunnel is a rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in England with Coquelles in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. The rail tunnel stretches 31 miles, and at its lowest point the tunnel is 250 feet undersea. The tunnel carries high-speed Eurostar passenger trains, the Eurotunnel Shuttle for road vehicles—the largest such transport in the world—and international freight trains. Each of the four countries of the UK has a publicly funded health care system referred to as the National Health Service (NHS). The terms "National Health Service" or "NHS" are also used to refer to the four systems collectively. All of the services were founded in 1948, based on legislation passed by the Labour Government that had been elected in 1945 with a manifesto commitment to implement the Beveridge Report recommendation to create "comprehensive health and rehabilitation services for prevention and cure of disease". The NHS was born out of a long-held ideal that good healthcare should be available to all, regardless of wealth. At its launch by the then minister of health, Aneurin Bevan, on 5 July 1948, it had at its heart three core principles: That it meet the needs of everyone, that it be free at the point of delivery, and that it be based on clinical need, not ability to pay. The NHS had a prominent slot during the 2012 London Summer Olympics opening ceremony directed by Danny Boyle, being described as "the institution which more than any other unites our nation", according to the programme. Florence Nightingale laid the foundation of modern nursing with the establishment of her nursing school at St Thomas' Hospital in London. It was the first secular nursing school in the world, now part of King's College London. Nightingale wrote Notes on Nursing in 1859. The book served as the cornerstone of the curriculum at the Nightingale School and other nursing schools. The Nightingale Pledge is taken by new nurses, and the annual International Nurses Day (12 May) is celebrated around the world on her birthday. Her social reforms improved healthcare for all sections of society in the UK and around the world. The top 5 pets in the UK for 2010, starting with the most popular, are: Fish: over 40 million (indoor and outdoor), Dogs: around 8 million, Cats: around 8 million, Rabbits: around 1 million, Birds: around 1 million (indoor). Founded in 1824, the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) is the oldest and largest animal welfare organisation in the world. The British Shorthair cat is the most popular pedigreed breed in its native country, as registered by the UK's Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF). The breed's good-natured appearance and relatively calm temperament make it a frequent media star. The cat's profile reads: "When gracelessness is observed, the British Shorthair is duly embarrassed, quickly recovering with a 'Cheshire cat smile'”. There are almost 1 million horses and ponies in the UK, with popular native breeds including Clydesdale horse (used as drum horses by the British Household Cavalry), Thoroughbred (used in horse racing), Cleveland Bay (pull carriages in royal processions), Highland pony and Shetland pony. Some of the UK's indigenous dog breeds include; Bulldog, Jack Russell Terrier, Golden Retriever, Yorkshire Terrier, Airedale Terrier, Beagle, Border Collie, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, English Cocker Spaniel, Scottish Terrier, Welsh Corgi, Bullmastiff, Greyhound, English Springer Spaniel and Old English Sheepdog. The Kennel Club with its headquarters in London, is the oldest kennel club in the world, and is the governing body of dogs in the United Kingdom. Its main objectives are to promote the general improvement of dogs and responsible dog ownership. Held since 1891, Crufts is an annual dog show in the UK. The event takes place over four days in early March. In 1928, the very first winner of Best in Show at Crufts was Primley Sceptre, a Greyhound. National costume and dress As a multi-national state, the UK has no single national costume. However, different countries within the United Kingdom have national costumes or at least are associated with styles of dress. Scotland has the kilt and Tam o'shanter, and tartan clothing – pattern consisting of criss-crossed horizontal and vertical bands in multiple colours – is a notable aspect of Gaelic culture. A traditional Welsh costume with Welsh hat is worn by some women during Eisteddfodau. In England, the topic of a national costume has been in debate, since no officially recognized clothing is anointed "national". However, the closest to a national costume can be the smock or smock-frock. English Country Clothing is also very popular among rural folk, flat caps and brogue shoes also forming part of the country clothing. Certain military uniforms such as the Beefeater or the Queen's Guard are considered to be symbolic of Englishness. Morris dancers or the costumes for the traditional English May dance are sometimes cited as examples of traditional English costume, but are only worn by participants in those events. Designed in 1849 by the London hat-makers Thomas and William Bowler, the Bowler hat is arguably the most iconic stereotyped view of an Englishman (complete with Bowler and rolled umbrella), and were commonly associated with city of London businessmen. Traced back to the north of England in the 14th century, the flat cap is associated with the working classes in the UK. The flat cap has seen a 21st-century resurgence in popularity, possibly influenced by various British public figures wearing them, including David Beckham, Guy Ritchie and Harry Styles, with clothing sellers Marks & Spencer reporting that flat cap sales significantly increased in the 2010s. Burberry is most famous for creating the trench coat: they were worn by British soldiers in the trenches in World War I. Among various British youth subcultures, Dr. Martens boots have been the choice of footwear: in the 1960s skinheads started to wear them, "dms" being the usual naming, and they later became popular among scooter riders, punks, and some new wave musicians. Male mods adopted a sophisticated look that included tailor-made suits, thin ties, button-down collar shirts, Chelsea boots and Clarks desert boots. British sensibilities have played an influential role in world clothing since the eighteenth century. Particularly during the Victorian era, British fashions defined acceptable dress for men of business. Key figures such as the future Edward VII, Edward VIII, and Beau Brummell, created the modern suit and cemented its dominance. Brummell is credited with introducing and establishing as fashion the modern man's suit, worn with a tie. The use of a coloured and patterned tie (a common feature in British school uniforms) indicating the wearer's membership in a club, regiment, school, professional association etc. stems from the 1880 oarsmen of Exeter College, Oxford, who tied the bands of their straw hats around their necks. The Wellington boot (first worn by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington) became a staple for outdoor wear. The tradition of a white wedding is commonly credited to Queen Victoria's choice to wear a white wedding dress at her wedding to Prince Albert in 1840, at a time when white was associated with purity and conspicuous consumption (because it was difficult to keep clean, and thus could not be worn by servants or labourers), and when it was the colour required of girls being presented to the royal court. The 1981 wedding dress of Lady Diana Spencer became one of the most famous dresses in the world, and was considered one of the most closely guarded secrets in fashion history. London, as one of the world's four fashion capitals, is host to the London Fashion Week – one of the 'Big Four' fashion weeks. Organised by the British Fashion Council, the event takes place twice each year, in February and September. The current venue for most of the "on-schedule" events is Somerset House in central London, where a large marquee in the central courtyard hosts a series of catwalk shows by top designers and fashion houses, while an exhibition, housed within Somerset House itself, showcases over 150 designers. However, many "off-schedule" events, such as On|Off and Vauxhall Fashion Scout, are organised independently and take place at other venues in central London. British designers whose collections have been showcased at the fashion week include Vivienne Westwood, Alexander McQueen and Stella McCartney, while British models who have featured at the event include Kate Moss, Naomi Campbell, Jade Jagger, David Gandy, Cara Delevingne and Rosie Huntington-Whiteley. Fashion designer Mary Quant was at the heart of the "Swinging London" scene of the 1960s, and her work culminated in the creation of the miniskirt and hot pants. Quant named the miniskirt after her favourite make of car, the Mini. The Swinging London fashion scene has featured in films, and was spoofed in the Austin Powers comedy series. The English fashion designer Charles Frederick Worth is widely considered the father of Haute couture. Symbols, flags, and emblems The Union Flag is the national flag of the United Kingdom. Its red, white and blue colours are the combination of the red cross of Saint George for England, the saltire of Saint Andrew for Scotland, and the red saltire of Saint Patrick to represent Ireland. Wales has never been represented on the Union Jack, with the Welsh flag incorporating the Red Dragon of Cadwaladr, King of Gwynedd, along with the Tudor colours of green and white. The patron saint of Ireland (St Patrick), England (St George), Wales (St David), and Scotland (St Andrew), are celebrated annually; Saint David's Day on 1 March, Saint Patrick's Day on 17 March, St George's Day on 23 April, and St. Andrew's Day on 30 November. In 1198, King Richard the Lionheart introduced royal arms, depicting "three lions"; they remain the coat of arms of England to this day. The coat of arms of Scotland feature a "red rampant lion" situated within a red double border decorated with fleurs-de-lis (known as the royal tressure). The coat of arms of Ireland features a gold harp with silver strings on a blue background, which dates from the 13th century. When the crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland were united in 1603, they were integrated into the unified royal coat of arms Each of the four countries of the UK has a traditional floral emblem. The red rose is the national flower of England, and its use dates from the reign of Henry VII who chose a red rose, representing Lancaster, and a white rose, representing York. As a result, the English civil wars in the 15th-century came to be called the Wars of the Roses. The national flower of Scotland is the thistle, of Northern Ireland is the flax flower and the shamrock, and of Wales is the daffodil and leek. The Union rose, shamrock and thistle are engrafted on the same stem on the coat of arms of the United Kingdom. The remembrance poppy has been used in Britain since 1921 to commemorate soldiers who have died in war. In the weeks leading up to Remembrance Sunday they are distributed by The Royal British Legion in return for donations to their "Poppy Appeal", which supports all current and former British military personnel. The poppies are widespread in the UK from late October until mid-November every year and are worn by the general public, politicians, the Royal Family and others in public life. It has also become common to see poppies on cars, lorries and public transport such as aeroplanes, buses, and trams, while magazines and newspapers also show a poppy on their cover page. The Tomb of the Unknown Warrior is an unidentified British soldier killed on a European battlefield during World War I, who was buried in Westminster Abbey, London on 11 November 1920. The idea of a Tomb of the Unknown Soldier was first conceived in 1916 by the Reverend David Railton, who, while serving as a British Army chaplain on the Western Front, had seen a grave marked by a rough cross, which bore the pencil-written legend 'An Unknown British Soldier'. He proposed that an unidentified British soldier be buried with due ceremony in Westminster Abbey "amongst the kings" to represent the many hundreds of thousands of Empire dead. The idea was strongly supported by the Dean of Westminster and the British Prime Minister David Lloyd George. Traditional communication and greeting cards A familiar sight throughout the UK, the red telephone box and Royal Mail red post box are considered British cultural icons. Designed by Sir Giles Gilbert in 1924, the red telephone box features a prominent crown representing the British government. The post pillar box was introduced in the 1850s during the reign of Queen Victoria following Sir Rowland Hill's postal reforms in the 1830s where the reduction in postal rates with the invention of the postage stamp (Penny Black) made sending post an affordable means of personal communication. The world's first postcard was received by Theodore Hook from Fulham, London in 1840. The first pillar boxes had the distinctive Imperial cypher of Victoria Regina. Most pillar boxes produced after 1905 are made of cast iron and are cylindrical, and have served well throughout the reigns of George V, Edward VIII, George VI and Elizabeth II. Sir Henry Cole devised the concept of sending greetings cards at Christmas time. Designed by John Callcott Horsley for Cole in 1843, the Christmas card accounts for almost half of the volume of greeting card sales in the UK, with over 600 million cards sold annually. The robin is a common sight in gardens throughout the UK. It is relatively tame and drawn to human activities, and is frequently voted Britain's national bird in polls. The robin began featuring on many Christmas cards in the mid 19th century. The association with Christmas arises from postmen in Victorian Britain who wore red jackets and were nicknamed "Robins"; the robin featured on the Christmas card is an emblem of the postman delivering the card. Sending Valentine's Day cards became hugely popular in Britain in the late 18th century, a practice which has since spread to other nations. The day first became associated with romantic love within the circle of Geoffrey Chaucer in the 14th century, when the tradition of courtly love flourished. In Chaucer's Parlement of Foules (1382) he wrote; For this was on seynt Volantynys day. When euery bryd comets there to chese his make. The modern cliché Valentine's Day poem can be found in the 1784 English nursery rhyme Roses Are Red; "The rose is red, the violet's blue. 'The honey's sweet, and so are you. Thou art my love and I am thine. I drew thee to my Valentine." In 1797, a British publisher issued The Young Man's Valentine Writer which contained scores of suggested sentimental verses for the young lover unable to compose his own. In 1835, 60,000 Valentine cards were sent by post in the UK, despite postage being expensive. A reduction in postal rates (with the 1840 invention of the postage stamp, the Penny Black) increased the practice of mailing Valentines, with 400,000 sent in 1841. In the UK just under half the population spend money on their Valentines. Other popular occasions for sending greeting cards in the UK are Birthdays, Mother’s Day, Easter and Father’s Day. Each country of the United Kingdom has a separate education system. Power over education matters in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland is devolved but education in England is dealt with by the UK government since there is no devolved administration for England. Most schools came under state control in the Victorian era, a formal state school system was instituted after the Second World War. Initially schools were separated into infant schools (normally up to age 4 or 5), primary schools and secondary schools (split into more academic grammar schools and more vocational secondary modern schools). Under the Labour governments of the 1960s and 1970s most secondary modern and grammar schools were combined to become comprehensive schools. England has many prominent private schools, often founded hundreds of years ago, which are known as public schools or independent schools. Eton, Harrow, Shrewsbury and Rugby are four of the better known. Most primary and secondary schools in both the private and state sectors have compulsory school uniforms. Allowances are almost invariably made, however, to accommodate religious dress including the Islamic hijab and Sikh bangle (kara). Although the Minister of Education is responsible to Parliament for education, the day-to-day administration and funding of state schools is the responsibility of local education authorities. England's universities include some of the highest-ranked universities in the world; the University of Cambridge, Imperial College London, the University of Oxford and University College London are all ranked in the global top 10 in the 2010 QS World University Rankings. The London School of Economics has been described as the world's leading social science institution for both teaching and research. The London Business School is considered one of the world's leading business schools and in 2010 its MBA programme was ranked best in the world by the Financial Times. Academic degrees in England are usually split into classes: first class (I), upper second class (II:1), lower second class (II:2) and third (III), and unclassified (below third class). The Northern Ireland Assembly is responsible for education in Northern Ireland though responsibility at a local level is administered by 5 Education and Library Boards covering different geographical areas. Scotland has a long history of universal provision of public education which, traditionally, has emphasised breadth across a range of subjects compared to depth of education over a smaller range of subjects at secondary school level. The majority of schools are non-denominational, but by legislation separate Roman Catholic schools, with an element of control by the Roman Catholic Church, are provided by the state system. Qualifications at the secondary school and post-secondary (further education) level are provided by the Scottish Qualifications Authority and delivered through various schools, colleges and other centres. Political responsibility for education at all levels is vested in the Scottish Parliament and the Scottish Executive Education and Enterprise, Transport & Lifelong Learning Departments. State schools are owned and operated by the local authorities which act as Education Authorities, and the compulsory phase is divided into primary school and secondary school (often called High school, with the world's oldest high school being the Royal High School, Edinburgh in 1505, which colonists spread to the New World owing to the high prestige enjoyed by the Scottish educational system.). Schools are supported in delivering the National Guidelines and National Priorities by Learning and Teaching Scotland. Scottish universities generally have courses a year longer than their counterparts elsewhere in the UK, though it is often possible for students to take a more advanced specialised exams and join the courses at the second year. One unique aspect is that the ancient universities of Scotland issue a Master of Arts as the first degree in humanities. The University of Edinburgh is among the top twenty universities in the world according to the QS World University Rankings 2011. It is also one among the Ancient Universities in Great Britain. The National Assembly for Wales has responsibility for education in Wales. A significant number of students in Wales are educated either wholly or largely through the medium of Welsh and lessons in the language are compulsory for all until the age of 16. There are plans to increase the provision of Welsh Medium schools as part of the policy of having a fully bi-lingual Wales. Scouting is the largest co-educational youth Movement in the UK. Scouting began in 1907 when Robert Baden-Powell, Lieutenant General in the British Army, held the first Scout camp at Brownsea Island in Dorset, England. Baden-Powell wrote the principles of Scouting in Scouting for Boys in 1908. In July 2009, adventurer Bear Grylls became the youngest Chief Scout ever, aged 35. In 2010, Scouting in the UK experienced its biggest growth spurt since 1972, taking total membership to almost 500,000. The UK (England in particular) has one of the highest population densities in the world. Housing, therefore, tends to be more closely packed than in other countries, resulting in a particular affinity with the terraced house, dating back to the aftermath of the Great Fire of London. As the first industrialised country in the world, the UK has long been urbanised. In the twentieth century, the process of suburbanisation led to a spread of semi-detached and detached housing. In the aftermath of the second world war, public housing was dramatically expanded to create a large number of council estates. In recent times, more detached housing has started to be built. Also, city living has boomed with city centre population's rising rapidly. Most of this population growth has been accommodated through new apartment blocks in residential schemes, such as those in Leeds, Birmingham and Manchester. Demographic changes (see below) are putting great pressure on the housing market, especially in London and the South East. Historically most people in the United Kingdom lived either in conjugal extended families or nuclear families. This reflected an economic landscape where the general populace tended to have less spending power, meaning that it was more practical to stick together rather than go their individual ways. This pattern also reflected gender roles. Men were expected to go out to work and women were expected to stay at home and look after the families. In the 20th century the emancipation of women, the greater freedoms enjoyed by both men and women in the years following the Second World War, greater affluence and easier divorce have changed gender roles and living arrangements significantly. The general trend is a rise in single people living alone, the virtual extinction of the extended family (outside certain ethnic minority communities), and the nuclear family arguably reducing in prominence. From the 1990s, the break-up of the traditional family unit, when combined with a low interest rate environment and other demographic changes, has created great pressure on the housing market, in particular regarding the accommodation of key workers such as nurses, other emergency service workers and teachers, who are priced out of most housing, especially in the South East. Some research indicates that in the 21st century young people are tending to continue to live in the parental home for much longer than their predecessors. The high cost of living, combined with rising cost of accommodation, further education and higher education means that many young people cannot afford to live independent lives from their families. The common naming convention throughout the United Kingdom is for everyone to have a given name (a forename, still often referred to as a Christian name) usually (but not always) indicating the child's sex, often followed by one or more middle names, and a surname (family name). A four-year study by the University of the West of England, which concluded in 2016, analysed sources dating from the 11th to the 19th century to explain the origins of the surnames in the British isles. The study found that over 90% of the 45,602 surnames in the dictionary are native to the British isles, with the most common in the UK being Smith, Jones, Williams, Brown, Taylor, Johnson, and Lee. Since the 19th century middle names have become very common and are often taken from the name of a family ancestor. Most surnames of British origin fall into seven types: - Occupations e.g. Smith, Sawyer, Fuller, Brewer, Clark, Cooper, Cook, Carpenter, Bailey, Parker, Forrester, Head, Palmer, Archer, Hunt, Baker, Miller, Dyer, Walker, Woodman, Taylor, Turner, Knight, Slater, Mason, Weaver, Carter, Wright - Personal characteristics e.g., Short, Brown, Black, Whitehead, Young, Stout, Long, White - Geographical features e.g., Pond, Bridge, Camp, Hill, Bush, Lake, Lee, Wood, Holmes, Forest, Underwood, Hall, Brooks, Fields, Stone, Morley, Moore, Perry - Place names e.g., Murray, Everingham, Burton, Leighton, Hamilton, Sutton, Flint, Laughton - Estate For those descended from land-owners, the name of their holdings, manor or estate - Patronymics, matronymics or ancestral, often from a person's given name. e.g., from male name: Richardson, Jones (Welsh for John), Williams, Thomas, Jackson, Wilson, Thompson, Johnson, Harris, Evans, Simpson, Willis, Fox, Davies, Reynolds, Adams, Dawson, Lewis, Rogers, Murphy, Nicholson, Robinson, Powell, Ferguson, Davis, Edwards, Hudson, Roberts, Harrison, Watson, or female names Molson (from Moll for Mary), Gilson (from Gill), Emmott (from Emma), Marriott (from Mary) or from a clan name (for those of Scottish origin, e.g., MacDonald, Forbes, Henderson, Armstrong, Grant, Cameron, Stewart, Douglas, Crawford, Campbell, Houston, Hunter) with "Mac" Scottish Gaelic for son. - Patronal from patronage (Hickman meaning Hick's man, where Hick is a pet form of the name Richard) or strong ties of religion Kilpatrick (follower of Patrick) or Kilbride (follower of Bridget). Traditionally, Christian names were those of Biblical figures or recognised saints; however, in the Gothic Revival of the Victorian era, other Anglo Saxon and mythical names enjoyed something of a fashion among the literati. Since the 20th century, however, first names have been influenced by a much wider cultural base. First names from the British isles include; Jennifer is a Cornish form of Guinevere (Welsh: Gwenhwyfar) from Arthurian romance, and it gained recognition after George Bernard Shaw used it for the main female character in his play The Doctor's Dilemma (1906): Jennifer first entered the top 100 most commonly used names for baby girls in England and Wales in 1934. The oldest written record of the name Jessica is in Shakespeare's play The Merchant of Venice, where it belongs to the daughter of Shylock. Jessica is the seventh most popular name for baby girls in England and Wales in 2015. - Most popular names of England and Wales - Most popular names of Northern Ireland - Most popular names of Scotland - Most common surnames in England - Most common surnames in Northern Ireland - Most common surnames in Scotland - Most common surnames in Wales - British humour - Department for Culture, Media and Sport (deals with Culture for England) - Minister for Culture and External Affairs (deals with Culture for Scotland) - Shrove Tuesday (Pancake Day) - April Fools' Day - Lord Kitchener Wants You - English is established by de facto usage. 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When Lena answers a job posting for Cryptid Labs, she has a few reservations. First of all, why do all the magazines in the waiting room feature stories about bigfoot and the loch ness monster? And why are they only looking to hire women? Her curiosity gets the best of her when Lena enters a room known as "the cage" after hours, and comes face to face with five bigfeet who’ve been trained for extreme sex and hardcore gangbangs. With nowhere to run, can Lena escape the cage with her body and job intact? Or will she succumb to the ruthless sexual advances of these wild beasts? This is a filthy short story containing highly explicit words. It includes rough sex, gangbangs, double penetration, monster sex, dub-con and cream pies. ©2013 Hannah Wilde (P)2014 Hannah Wilde Report Inappropriate Content If you find this review inappropriate and think it should be removed from our site, let us know. This report will be reviewed by Audible and we will take appropriate action.

I have been running D&D 3.5 campaigns for many years, and I have recently begun to host Call of Cthulu d20 games as well, using the 3.5 version. This falls nearly congruent with a recent interest I have taken with, as you might have guessed, the Slender Man. I was hoping to run a dark, horror themed CoC 3.5 game revolving solely around the Slender Man, trying to discern his true nature, and perhaps....perhaps...putting an end to him. For the most part, however, the game will not be very heavily combat oriented, though there will certainly be the occasional fight with cultists/proxies/police/etc. As such, optimizers and min maxers need not apply; in this game, you can almost count on misfortune finding your characters, meaning, your character will probably die. I will be looking for such traits as good writing and story telling and a willingness to immerse oneself in the world we create. Touching on the note of character death, briefly, even if the worst should happen, you will still be able to participate in the campaign. I will only elaborate on why and how this works when your character does die, as I feel maintaining a sense of mystery is paramount to creating a properly immersive atmosphere in this context. I want to make sure everyone has a good time with this game, no matter what, so I will be working closely with players to ensure everyone is enjoying themselves. Albany New York, June, 2012: A multitude of sightings that match the appearance of the paranormal entity known as "The Slender Man" occur between the weeks of June 7th to the 10th. The ending of these sightings culminates in the supposed arson of a lesser known orphanage; St. Judith's Home for Children in Need. Though the fire results in the complete destruction of the orphanage, many escape with only minor injuries...save one. Alex Jasenski, a young boy, goes missing. His body cannot be found in the ruins of the building, or in the greater Albany area. Eyewitness accounts report one sighting of the "Slender Man" on the evening of June 10th, one of the nurses who ran the orphanage seeing "a really tall and thin guy...like seven feet tall almost, standing in one of the windows as the building burned. I think it was the smoke, but I couldn't make out his face." Four months have passed since this incident, and sightings of the Slender Man are on the rise again, particularly in the wooded areas surrounding Albany. This time, however, a series of abductions have been reported, instigating a city-wide panic and search for the one responsible. At the scene of each crime, bloody notes are left. The messages vary most of the time, but the most consistent notes read "Too Late". The general public recognition of these sightings has drawn a multitude of paranormal enthusiasts and cryptid hunters to the city, who usually are at odds with the locals, who hold the notion that these thrill seekers are exploiting their misfortune. Tensions are high, and results are fleeting. Many still are not aware of the myth of the Slender Man, and those who do still refuse to buy into it. Regardless of belief, however, everyone agrees on one thing; something is very wrong in Albany New York. Note: While I am aware there is lots of 'canon' mythos surrounding Slender Man, I have my own ideas for what I want the entity to be and do. While I will still use much of the information that has already been established, I will ultimately be taking this enigmatic myth in my own direction.

Posted by: Nick Redfern on April 20th, 2012 Over the past week or so, I have made a few, brief comments in a couple of posts here at Cryptomundo about what, in my view, amounts to a cryptid, what should be classified as a cryptid, and also what should not. These are issues that, at first glance anyway, seem relatively easy to answer. But, the more we dig into it, it’s clear the issue is a far more problematic one. So, with all that in mind, I figured why not address this very matter today? The Wikipedia entry on the subject states, in part: “…a cryptid is a creature…whose existence has been suggested but is unrecognized by scientific consensus and often regarded as highly unlikely.” And, for most people within Cryptozoology, those creatures that firmly fall into the domain of the cryptid and that mainstream science largely, and unfortunately, rejects, would surely include the Bigfoot of the United States, the Yowie of Australia, the Chinese Yeren, the Yeti – or Abominable Snowman – of the Himalayas, and an absolute menagerie of lake-monsters, sea-serpents and other weird and wonderful beasts. There are, however, other monstrous entities that have been embraced by whole swathes of the cryptozoological field as having direct relevance to the subject, but which seem to have distinct paranormal overtones attached to them. And, of course, there are many people within Cryptozoology that have no time for such things – which I understand, particularly so when it takes matters out of a strictly zoological framework – but which, again, brings us back to the crux of the matter: what defines a cryptid? Is Mothman a cryptid? Many might say “Yes!” But, given that – as John Keel’s classic title, The Mothman Prophecies, demonstrates – Mothman’s appearance at Point Pleasant, West Virginia in the 1960s was accompanied by a wide range of additional mystifying phenomena, including UFO activity, alien encounters, run-ins with the sinister Men in Black and much more, one has to wonder how many people in Cryptozoology consider Mothman a cryptid or a beast more akin to something of a paranormal nature? And if the latter, should it even be discussed in a cryptozoological context? And what about England’s closest equivalent to Mothman: the Owlman of Mawnan, Cornwall? Could that be considered a cryptid? Again, for some, the answer is in the affirmative. But, its appearance, its size, its near-exclusive manifestations before young girls, and its sheer overall oddness, suggests that it has less to do with mainstream Cryptozoology and far more to do with definitive Forteana. So, maybe it’s not a cryptid. Moving on: how do we define the British-based ABCs, or Alien Big Cats? They are, without any shadow of doubt, of interest to most cryptozoologists. But, are they literal cryptids, as the term suggests? No, they are not. If the majority of the reports are valid – and, given the astonishing number of reports from credible eye-witnesses over the decades, I see no reason at all why they shouldn’t be considered valid – then, rather than being cryptids, the ABCs of Britain are simply regular, normal animals far away from their natural environments. The mystery of the ABCs, then, is not so much what they are or are not, but from where they came. And being a stranger in a strange land, does not always a cryptid make. Coming full-circle: what of the many and mysterious large ape-like animals of our world? I’m talking about the aforementioned Bigfoot, Yeren, Yowie, Yeti and all the rest. Solid arguments have been made that perhaps at least some of these creatures represent surviving examples of the presumed-extinct, Goliath-like beast called Gigantopithecus. If true, then should we even be using that term -cryptid – to describe a creature that may just be a regular animal that, against all the odds, has survived extinction and thrives in distinct stealth? The same goes for Nessie and all its long-necked ilk. If flesh and blood animals – and, perhaps just like Bigfoot, survivors from eras long gone – should we be referring to them as cryptids, given the way in which this emotive word conjures up imagery of creatures both monstrous and mysterious? I’m not suggesting we do away with the word. But, I do sometimes wonder if its very use has influenced – possibly even adversely – the way in which all these various phenomena have been perceived, and are still perceived. So, I ask the readers of Cryptomundo: what defines a cryptid? What does not define a cryptid? And, if the most famous beasts of Cryptozoology are merely living examples of creatures that science tells us vanished thousands, or millions, of years ago, should we even be using the term, cryptid? In doing so, are we ironically – albeit wholly inadvertently and certainly not deliberately – only adding to the image of mystery, rather than trying to demystify it? Punk music fan, Tennents Super and Carlsberg Special Brew beer fan, horror film fan, chocolate fan, like to wear black clothes, like to stay up late. Work as a writer.

Here’s what’s up in the world of TV for Tuesday, July 10. All times are Eastern. White Collar (USA, 9 p.m.): Did you know this show has been on for four seasons? Why, then, does it feel like it’s been running since the Carter administration? It could have something to do with the fact that USA splits its seasons into two stretches, then airs them about six months apart. It could have something to do with how Matt Bomer seems to always be lurking unseen around the edges of pop culture, like a particularly handsome cryptid who guest stars on TV shows. Or it could just be how we once dreamed that episode where Jimmy Carter played the part of Tim DeKay. At any rate, the show’s back, and it remains one of TV’s breeziest pleasures. Kenny Herzog will be happy to walk you through it for the next several decades. Frontline (PBS, 9 p.m.): Proving that it knows how to have a good time, tonight’s Frontline takes a look at the last several decades of the AIDS crisis among the African-American community. It’s a story of horror, followed by something like hope, and we’re sure it will be a day brightener for all of us. Workaholics (Comedy Central, 10:30 p.m.): The guys welcome “two members of a strongman group with a religious bent,” and while we’re not sure what that means, Kevin McFarland certainly hopes it means that the show is finally acknowledging the phone-book-ripping awesomeness of the Power Team. TV CLUB CLASSIC Dawson’s Creek (11 a.m.): Back when this show debuted, Kevin Williamson, its creator, was still best known for writing Scream, rather than creating, er, Dawson’s Creek and/or The Vampire Diaries. So the series did a throwaway episode inspired by that film. Brandon Nowalk knows there are three killers. Six Feet Under (1 p.m.): We always enjoyed when Ruth’s sister would show up because she was such a fine character and because we enjoy when Patricia Clarkson wanders onto any nearby screen to sing, dance, and make merry. John Teti once met Patricia Clarkson in a Walgreens, and she changed his life. Police Squad! (3 p.m.): And so Erik Adams comes to the end of the road with his coverage of Police Squad! We hope that he’ll ride off into the sunset, light blaring on his hood, to spend a little time remembering the good old days with special guest star Florence Henderson. WHAT ELSE IS ON The Real Housewives Of Orange County (Bravo, 8 p.m.): It’s a full night for Bravo’s signature reality franchise. In the first of two new episodes tonight, the housewives must learn how to use social media, which we assume entails all of them closing their eyes and blindly flailing at keyboards. Jamie Oliver’s Food Revolution (BBC America, 9 p.m.): If you never saw this excellent docu-reality series about the British chef’s attempts to improve the eating habits of a small town in West Virginia, BBC America is re-airing both seasons starting tonight. Check it out if you like, uh, encouragement and peas? Trust Us With Your Life/NY Med (ABC, 9/10 p.m.): ABC is taking the occasion of baseball’s all-star game to debut a couple of new shows. First, Ryan McGee will review the antics of the latest improv comedy sketch show. Then, Phil Dyess-Nugent takes a look at a new workplace reality show about a hospital. Covert Affairs (USA, 10 p.m.): We covered the last season of this show, but only, like, two of you read about it. Still, since a new season debuts tonight, we’re going to make sure the two of you who cared know that it’s on. Attention! Piper Perabo is back with more spy-ish adventures! Now get back to work. Stick It (Oxygen, 8 p.m.): Maybe you enjoy the generally enjoyable Missy Peregrym. Maybe you’re a sucker for sports movies not about baseball or boxing. Maybe you like the weird chemistry between Peregrym and Jeff Bridges. There is always a good reason to say, “Fuck it! I’m watching Stick It tonight!” Lost In La Mancha (Sundance, 11 p.m.): Terry Gilliam and Johnny Depp head off into the middle of nowhere to make a movie of Don Quixote, and since you remember how it won 12 Oscars, breaking the record for most Oscars, you know how well it turned out. Here’s the story of how the film was made. MLB All-Star Game (Fox, 7:30 p.m.): It’s the All-Star Game! Nobody cared about it a week ago. Nobody will care about it a week from now. It just might screw over some poor, deserving team in the World Series. But, by God, we’re all going to give the biggest shit we possibly can about it for just one night. IN CASE YOU MISSED IT Opening Act (Monday): Plucked from obscurity (or, rather, YouTube) to open for major musical acts, the groups on Opening Act could make for enjoyable reality TV fodder or could make for incredibly boring “feel-good” stories. Molly Eichel watched the first episode to let you know which was the case.

Today is quite the busy day on the cable news networks for new debuts. Maria Bartiromo, late of CNBC, made her maiden voyage on her new Opening Bell program on Fox Business Network, and both Ronan Farrow and Joy-Ann Reid launch their eponymous MSNBC programs at 1 p.m. and 2 p.m. Eastern respectively. Big friggin deal, you say. I agree, but oddly enough, Washington Post TV columnist Rachel Lubitz found Bartiromo and Farrow's premieres as worthy of noting in her February 24 TV Highlights column, while ignoring Ms. Reid. By contrast, Lubitz found space today to plug the History Channel's latest fascinating foray into non-historical "reality" programming: Cryptid: The Swamp Beast. It should be noted that it's pretty rare that the TV Highlights column notes anything that isn't aired in primetime. Generally speaking the column -- appearing in the print edition right next to the primetime TV listings chart -- is the TV columnist's way of highlighting what she thinks are the most "must-watch" programs of the night. For what it's worth, Lubitz also thought a Maryland Public Television documentary on Maryland's corrupt 56th governor Marvin Mandel (D) and the premiere of TNT's Private Lives of Nashville Wives were worth at least programming the DVR for. Here's how Lubitz plugged Bartiromo and Farrow (emphases mine): “Opening Bell With Maria Bartiromo” (FBN at 9 a.m.) premieres this morning. The show will feature Bartiromo interviewing major financial leaders before and after the bell. SERIES PREMIERE: A highly educated offspring of Mia Farrow and Woody Allen (or is it Frank Sinatra?) begins his long-awaited afternoon show, “Ronan Farrow Daily” (MSNBC at 1 p.m.), focusing on foreign policy and other topics on the left-leaning cable news channel. And here's how she plugged the aforementioned Private Lives and Swamp Beast programs (again, emphases mine): SERIES PREMIERE: Set in and around the capital of the high-stakes country music business, “Private Lives of Nashville Wives” (TNT at 10) follows a group of accomplished, opinionated and driven women as they deal with professional challenges, family issues and relationships. SERIES PREMIERE: Reality series “Cryptid: The Swamp Beast” (History at 10) investigates and dramatizes local stories about a creature that lives in the Southern swamps. Photo illustration above a Ken Shepherd mashup.

Archive for the “Cryptozoology Conferences” Posted by: Craig Woolheater on November 9th, 2015 Centralia College’s Student Activities Team is hosting well known Bigfoot researcher Cliff Barackman at 6:30 p.m. on Nov. 9, in room 121 of the Walton Science Center on the college campus. Read: Cliff Barackman Talks Bigfoot » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on October 24th, 2015 Just announced at the 3rd Annual Boggy Creek Festival is the next film in the Small Town Monsters, cryptid-documentary series. The film is titled Boggy Creek Monster and will focus on the history of sightings in and around the community of Fouke, Arkansas that inspired the film, Legend of Boggy Creek. Boggy Creek Monster is a Small Town Monsters production in association with cryptid researcher, author, musician, journalist, and television personality, Lyle Blackburn. Read: Small Town Monsters: Boggy Creek Monster » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on October 16th, 2015 The Original Texas Big Foot Conference brings Sasquatch enthusiasts together. Read: 2015 Original Texas Bigfoot Conference News Coverage » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on October 9th, 2015 Ben Radford gives a talk on the Chupacabras in Albuquerque, NM tonight. Read: The Mystery of the Chupacabra » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on October 7th, 2015 On the Trail of North America’s Great Ape: The Sasquatch Thursday, October 8th, 2015 Read: John Bindernagel Sasquatch Talk in Nanaimo » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on October 3rd, 2015 Posted by: Craig Woolheater on September 25th, 2015 For all the lil’ Bigfoot fans out there. Come on out to the 2015 Original Texas Bigfoot Conference and join in on fun activities and contests. Win prizes, have fun! Read: Kid’s Activities and Contests at 2015 Original Texas Bigfoot Conference » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on September 18th, 2015 In just a few days (tomorrow), Point Pleasant’s population will nearly double with visitors from across the country and around the world arriving for the 14th annual Mothman Festival. The festival is officially this Saturday and Sunday with kick starter events on Friday, including a free screening of the “Eyes of Mothman” documentary at 8 p.m. at the historic State Theater and the Miss Mothman Pageants starting at 7 p.m. Friday at the Trinity Christian Community Center. Read: Guide to Mothman Festival » Posted by: Ken Gerhard on September 15th, 2015 This weekend I will be making my first ever appearance at the famous Mothman Festival in Point Pleasant, West Virginia. In addition to selling autographed copies of my books, I will be giving a lecture about the global flying humanoid phenomenon on Saturday @3pm. Other notable speakers include my friends and colleagues – Stan Gordon, Rosemary Ellen Guiley, Lyle Blackburn, Joedy Cook, Fred Saluga and John Frick… quite a line-up! Read: Mothman Festival 2015 » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on September 11th, 2015 The SouthEastern Ohio Society For Bigfoot Investigation is hosting the Burr Oak State park Bigfoot Conference this weekend. Read: Burr Oak State Park Bigfoot Conference » Posted by: Lyle Blackburn on August 31st, 2015 The fall season is just around the corner and that means time for some great cryptozoology-related events. The following is a list of conferences and festivals where I will be speaking. Read: Lyle Blackburn: Upcoming Events and Appearances » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on August 28th, 2015 Posted by: Guy Edwards on August 14th, 2015 Ron Morehead speaks at HopsSquatch Aug 16th Read: Meet Ron Morehead in Portland Oregon » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on July 25th, 2015 2015 Sasquatch Summit featuring: Bob Gimlin, John Bindernagel, Thom Powell, Ron Morehead, Scott Taylor, Phil Poling, Olympic Project, Scott Nelson, Toby Johnson, Sasquatch Expedition & tons more. Read: Sasquatch Summit 2015 Washington State » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on June 24th, 2015 Thursday, June 25th: 6-8pm Wadsworth Public Library speaking presentation titled “Minerva Monster: Bigfoot Encounters in Ohio” Join us this week at the Wadsworth Public Library as we deliver a presentation called “Minerva Monster: Bigfoot Encounters Around Ohio”. We’ll be talking about the Minerva case (as well as some behind the scenes info), Bigfoot sightings around the state, and Seth will be delving into the local “River Styx Monster”. Read: Minerva Monster: Bigfoot Encounters Around Ohio »

Posted by: Loren Coleman on May 5th, 2010 Here comes the Jersey Devil, version 2010. Get ready for questions about photos like the one above, for the mainstream media has turned their eyes to the Jersey Devil. AOL’s Lee Speigel seems to have leapt into his work with gusto. Hot on the heels of his recent story on the Loch Ness Monsters, he’s back with an article about the Jersey Devil. Jersey Devil: Horrific Fantasy or Genetic Mutant? By Lee Speigel It prowls desolate, forested parts of southern New Jersey, killing livestock, leaving behind odd footprints and filling the night air with chilling sounds. At least that’s how legend and folklore describe the creature known as the Jersey Devil. (Not to be confused, by the way, with the New Jersey Devils, the professional hockey franchise named after the legendary creature.) At the Paranormal Museum in Asbury Park, N.J., a recently opened exhibit features a variety of artifacts, including reproductions of a Jersey Devil skull, drawings and relics. Museum owner Kathy Kelly says the story most associated with the Jersey Devil involved a woman who, in the 1700s, prayed for her 13th child to be born a devil. “Shortly after the child was born,” says Kelly, “he transformed into a creature that was twice the size of a full-grown man, with cloven feet, wings and talons for hands, and he killed the midwife and then flew off into the Pinelands, where he has terrorized people ever since,” according to the story. The Pinelands area of New Jersey, according to the National Park Service, was established in 1978 as the country’s first national reserve, covering more than a million acres of farms, forests and wetlands — a perfect environment for an unknown animal to hide in. Archaeologist Paula Perrault has seen alleged Jersey Devil skulls with both straight and curved horns, and says the Pinelands has a history of “genetic malformations, even in mammals, serpents and humans. A lot of the portrayals in any culture seem to define evil as a serpent crossed with something else — it’s never just a serpent.” Some animals of this Garden State location have been found with abnormalities, including odd colorations, extra appendages and even lizards with extra heads…. For the rest of the article, see here. It should be noted that Kathy Kelly is quoted elsewhere in this article, as noting there are two schools of thought about the creature: “You have the kind of paranormal, supernatural idea, which suggests that this is actually the son of the devil. And the other possibility is that this is some sort of mutated animal that has not yet been identified by science.” Well, that is simplistic, at best. The Jersey Devil is an umbrella term in New Jersey for any cryptid, for pranks, for hoaxes, and for folkloric elements of various tales. There are probably a dozen schools of thought on what the “Jersey Devil” is because the target is always shifting, every pun intended. Coming soon, as shown at top, the book Monsters of New Jersey by Loren Coleman and Bruce G. Hallenbeck will be published in time for Halloween 2010, from Stackpole Books. Loren Coleman is one of the world’s leading cryptozoologists, some say “the” leading living cryptozoologist. Certainly, he is acknowledged as the current living American researcher and writer who has most popularized cryptozoology in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Starting his fieldwork and investigations in 1960, after traveling and trekking extensively in pursuit of cryptozoological mysteries, Coleman began writing to share his experiences in 1969. An honorary member of Ivan T. Sanderson’s Society for the Investigation of the Unexplained in the 1970s, Coleman has been bestowed with similar honorary memberships of the North Idaho College Cryptozoology Club in 1983, and in subsequent years, that of the British Columbia Scientific Cryptozoology Club, CryptoSafari International, and other international organizations. He was also a Life Member and Benefactor of the International Society of Cryptozoology (now-defunct). Loren Coleman’s daily blog, as a member of the Cryptomundo Team, served as an ongoing avenue of communication for the ever-growing body of cryptozoo news from 2005 through 2013. He returned as an infrequent contributor beginning Halloween week of 2015. Coleman is the founder in 2003, and current director of the International Cryptozoology Museum in Portland, Maine.

The first time Dave Shealy saw a skunk ape, he says, he was ten years old. It was 1974, a few years after his father had come upon a set of footprints left by the creature—an Everglades version of Bigfoot named for its supposedly pungent odor. Dave was out deer hunting with his older brother, Jack, in the swamp behind his house, in what’s now Big Cypress National Preserve, when he encountered the ape incarnate. “It was walking across the swamp, and my brother spotted it first. But I couldn’t see it over the grass—I wasn’t tall enough,” Shealy says. “My brother picked me up, and I saw it, about 100 yards away. We were just kids, but we’d heard about it, and knew for sure what we were looking at. It looked like a man, but completely covered with hair.” He and his brother stared at the creature, mouths agape, but almost at the same time, as he tells it, the skies opened and rain poured down. The ape hurried away, into the cypress hummocks scattered amongst the marsh. “Holy crap,” he remembers thinking. “I finally saw this damn thing, and it got away, just like that.” But the fleeting moment left an indelible impression on young Shealy, who’s now 50 years old. In the decades since, he’s relentlessly pursued skunk apes and seen them, he says, on three other occasions. He’s written a field guide, made TV appearances, continually investigated reported sightings and established a Skunk Ape Research Headquarters on his property, where tourists can learn all about the legendary creature. He bills himself as the Jane Goodall of skunk apes. “I am the expert,” he told a Bigfoot website last year, “the state and county expert on the Florida skunk ape, and have been for years.” In July 2000, he captured one of his encounters on video. In the grainy daytime footage, shot from hundreds of feet away, the creature spends a minute or so moseying around in a hummock of palm trees. Then, shortly after it begins striding across the open swamp (at about 1:48 in the video below), it breaks into a long-limbed run—as though suddenly aware it’s being watched—escaping into a grove of palm trees. Shealy notes that, at the time, the swamp was covered by over a foot of water, making the animal’s speed (which he estimates to be 22 miles per hour) impossible for any human to achieve. But it’s extremely hard to watch this video and see anything but a guy in a gorilla suit, hurrying across the swamp: This impression is especially concerning because, according to any respected biologist, the skunk ape does not exist. “People report seeing this mythical creature from time to time,” says Bob DeGross, a public affairs officer with the preserve. “But there has never been a substantiated sighting of the skunk ape that was verified by National Park Service wildlife staff.” Critics point out that, despite the dozens of unrelated ongoing research projects conducted in the Everglades that use motion-activated trail cameras, no one has ever captured indisputable proof of the skunk ape or come upon the remains of one. “The empirical evidence is extremely weak,” says Sharon Hill, a researcher and columnist for the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry who’s written about Bigfoot, the skunk ape and other mythical creatures. “It’s almost entirely eyewitness testimony, which is the most unreliable evidence you can have.” Shealy responds by observing that things decompose quickly in the swamp, and that, at 2.2 million acres, it’s the largest area of protected land east of the Mississippi, most of it rarely visited (both true). It’s easy to imagine, he argues, that a handful of reclusive animals could live in it essentially unnoticed and leave virtually no evidence. “I know what I’ve seen,” he says. “For someone who hasn’t come here and put in the time to say otherwise doesn’t really matter to me.” To a curious observer, all this prompts an important question. Is Shealy a visionary biologist, a mistaken eyewitness, or an enterprising fraud? * * * Earlier this year, to try answering this question, I made the trip to Shealy’s property in Ochopee, Florida, an hour’s drive into the Everglades from the west. A few minutes after I arrived, Shealy met me at the research headquarters (which also serves as a gift shop that sells skunk ape T-shirts and shot glasses, a campground, a base for Shealy’s staff of five to give swamp buggy and airboat tours, and a home for his menagerie of ten-foot-long pythons and talking parrots). “I was out hunting frogs until 4:30 a.m. last night,” he told me, “and I’ve got a whole pile of them that need skinning. Want to help?” A tall, bearded man, Shealy stared at me with an intense gaze, as though waiting for me to freak out, then began to chuckle, saying he was joking, and would be skinning them all himself. After retrieving a sackful of wriggling frogs from the fridge inside his house behind the gift shop, he sat down on his deck, began hacking them apart and started telling me about the skunk ape’s long history. “Local Native American groups from around here, the Seminoles and the Miccosukee tribe, they’ve known and told stories about the skunk ape for centuries,” he said. Over the past 60 years or so, Floridians of all stripes began reporting that they were seeing the creature. (A similar pattern happened in the Pacific Northwest, where indigenous beliefs in the Sasquatch eventually led to the skunk ape’s better-known cousin, Bigfoot.) In one of the earliest well-publicized sightings, a pair of hunters claimed the ape invaded their camp in 1957. It’s unclear who coined the name skunk ape, but it appears to have surfaced sometime during the '60s. During the 1960s and '70s, the period when Shealy had his first sighting, more and more reports trickled in, as far north as the Florida panhandle, but most often in the Everglades. The skunk ape eventually attracted mainstream attention, including a bill introduced (but not passed) in the Florida legislature in 1977 that would have made it illegal to “take, possess, harm or molest anthropoid or humanoid animals.” It was around this time that Shealy, a teenager, spotted evidence of the creature for the second time, in the form of enormous four-toed footprints left at night near his hunting camp deep in the Big Cypress interior. Occasional sightings continued for years, and the skunk ape hit the news again in 1997, when passengers on a tour bus traveling through the preserve claimed they spotted the animal. “This was 30, 40 people, all saying they saw the same thing,” Shealy says, “a seven-foot, red-haired ape.” After decades of idle interest in the creature, he decided to get serious about finding it, baiting the area with lima beans (the story goes that the omnivorous apes loved the legume). He repeatedly found the beans missing in the morning, along with tracks left in the night. Then, just two miles away, a pair of local residents—Jan Brock, a real estate agent, and Vince Doerr, chief of the Ochopee Fire Control District—separately spotted a large, hairy biped minutes apart while driving through the preserve one morning in July. “The thing just ran in front of my car,” Brock told me when I called her after my visit. “It was shaggy-looking, and very tall, maybe six-and-a-half or seven feet tall.” Doerr, who told me that he’d never believed in the skunk ape before seeing it cross the road about a half mile in front of his car, snapped a photo of it just before it vanished into the swamp. “I’m going to spend the next six months looking for this thing,” Shealy remembers vowing at the time. “I’m not going to do anything else. Every day I’m going to get up and go looking and keep doing this until I see it.” Shealy set up a few tree stands on his 30-acre property, and spent the next year sitting in them, baiting the area and watching for the skunk ape, or trekking across the Everglades, trying to find the creature’s trail. Finally, on September 8, 1998, he says, he was rewarded with his second sighting. Perched in a tree and half asleep, “I heard something splashing in the water: splash, splash, splash,” he told me. “At first, I thought it was a person, but then from around 100 yards away, I saw it coming toward me. It was a skunk ape, the same as I saw when I was a kid.” As it walked by, unaware of being observed, he shot several photos of it, watching it disappear into the nearby tree hummock. Later, he returned and made a concrete cast of its footprint, which still sits in the gift shop. After he finished skinning the frogs, Shealy fried me a few pairs of legs for lunch and told me about his two most recent sightings: Once in 2000, when he filmed the video clip, and the latest in August 2011, when he was picking saw palmetto berries in the swamp and was startled by an unforgettable odor. “Right away, I could smell it—kind of like a wet dog and a skunk, mixed together,” he said. It emerged from behind a palm frond, spotted Shealy and bolted, leaving no evidence. He still searches for the skunk ape, concentrating his work mostly in March and April—when the dried-out swampland allows for easier hiking and preserves tracks better—and investigating the dozen or so sightings that are called in to him annually. He’s boiled his findings down into a field guide, available for $4.95 at his gift shop (the skunk apes stand six to seven feet tall, spend about half their lives in the trees, and might pick up their awful odor from their time in underground alligator caves, it says), and mapped the most recent sightings. He was even filmed for an episode of “Finding Bigfoot,” the Animal Planet reality show, although he was infuriated when the producers balked at the logistical difficulties of traveling into the swamp to investigate a sighting and asked him to “fake it” in his backyard instead. Of course, many people question Shealy's authenticity—something that weighed upon me as I ate the lunch he’d made for me and politely listened to his claims. Apart from the sheer unlikeliness of the skunk ape’s existence, critics point out that Shealy openly profits from the supposed animal, selling tchochkes and offering swamp tours. In 2000, he even applied for a grant from the Collier County Tourism Development Council to fund his research, and some remarked upon the conveniently timed release of his skunk ape footage shortly before the hearing, along with the dubious creature in the video. “The skunk ape, which bears a striking resemblance to a guy in a monkey suit, was filmed walking across a clearing,” Naples Daily News columnist Brent Batten wrote at the time. “Anyone who previously doubted the existence of the skunk ape should now be converted. The same way that anyone who doubted the existence of flying saucers carrying evil space aliens would have a change of heart after seeing Plan Nine from Outer Space.” * * * The belief in mythological animals might be as old as humanity itself. Nearly every culture’s folklore contains at least one imagined creature in its folklore that has no place in modern science. You’ve likely heard of the Loch Ness Monster and Bigfoot, but there are thousands of others. In the Philippines, people have long feared a vampire-like animal called the Aswang. British folklore prominently features supernatural black dogs associated with death that roam the countryside. Other places have aquatic monsters, enormous worms or massive, lizard-like demons. It’s easy to imagine how, in the days when much of the planet had yet to be explored and catalogued, you might have reasonably believed in the existence of any of these beasts. But in the present day, when every square mile of the earth’s surface has been photographed by satellites, and scientists have identified 1.3 million species (with mostly plants, tiny animals and microbes remaining to be found), how could you still believe in a lumbering, seven-foot-tall ape, hiding out in one of the most well-studied countries on the planet? “In the context of the modern world, where truth is provided by the consensus of mainstream science and medicine, I think many people feel disempowered,” says Peter Dendle, a professor at Penn State University who’s written extensively about folklore and cryptozoology (the search for cryptids, animals that aren’t recognized by the scientific community). “I think cryptozoology serves as a means of staking a line, and saying, 'You scientists don't know everything. There are still truths out there to be discovered.'” Cryptid enthusiasts, he’s found, are disproportionately male and often share a number of outsider traits that I couldn’t help but see in Shealy: a distaste for authority, a rugged connection with the outdoors and a hearty sense of individualism and self-reliance. Psychologists, meanwhile, have observed an overlap in people who believe in cryptids and those who suffer from psychological conditions including ADHD, depression and even dissociation. These underlying disorders, it’s speculated, increase the chance that people will incorrectly interpret an otherwise explicable real-world experience. In other words, a psychologically stressed or unstable person might catch a brief glimpse of a deer or bear far away in the woods and become certain it’s a bipedal hominid heretofore undiscovered by science. On an individual level, it’s easy to see how a one-time mistake like this could persist. “These people invest time, effort and money into this activity, which they’re passionate about,” Sharon Hill, the skeptic, told me. “They have a sense that they’re doing something with a higher purpose. Maybe they’ll be the one to finally solve the mystery, and they’ll become famous and respected—something that they might not have in their life otherwise.” This sort of belief is self-reinforcing: Admitting that a cryptid is nonexistent would mean giving up the years they’ve devoted to the search thus far. The only option is to keep looking, certain that indisputable proof is just around the corner. Any of these explanations should imply that, when I followed Shealy into the muddy swamp after lunch—to the spot where he’d spotted the skunk ape in 2000—I shouldn’t have had even the slightest expectation that we’d see one in the flesh. But as we walked along the meandering trail, listening to the drone of insects and the squawking of birds overhead, part of me held a faint hope that he wasn’t crazy or self-delusional, that he really had seen the creature and that there was a tiny chance we would too. “In this digital age, the world suddenly feels very, very small,” Dendle, the folklore expert, told me. “There’s a sense of claustrophobia, and a loss of wonder. Cryptozoology is a way of refusing to have the last piece of the unknown taken away—of imagining there’s something bigger than us out there.” There aren’t many rational reasons to believe the skunk ape might be real, but after doing some digging, I was able to find exactly one: The line between real animals and cryptids, it turns out, is much messier than you might imagine. Carl Linnaeus’ 1735 landmark text of modern biology Systema Naturae listed the pelican, antelope and narwhal as cryptids. As recently as the start of the 20th century, the Komodo dragon, the giant squid and the okapi were thought to be cryptids, before the Western scientific establishment changed its mind in the face of indisputable evidence: the animals' dead bodies. This still goes on. Dozens of new mammal species have been discovered since the start of the 21st century, although they’re generally less extraordinary cases, often the result of subtle taxonomic changes. Perhaps the most well-known of these is the olinguito—the first new carnivore discovered in the Americas in 35 years—which was announced in August 2013. The small, arboreal animal had eluded the scientific community for all of modern history, confused for its close cousin, the olingo. That the olinguito was overlooked is all the more remarkable because thousands of the animals live in the cloud forests of Colombia, dozens of their skulls and furs have been preserved in museum collections, and one individual olinguito actually lived in the Smithsonian’s National Zoo for a few years in the 1960s. “I think that there’s just a lot out there that most people don’t know about, that we really don’t understand about the world,” Shealy told me as I followed him down an overgrown path into the swamp at the rear of his property. I couldn’t help but recall what Kristofer Helgen, the National Museum of Natural History zoologist who discovered the olingutio, told me just before the press conference announcing it. “The discovery of the olinguito shows us that the world is not yet completely explored, its most basic secrets not yet revealed.” Some Bigfoot believers argue that the creatures could be a tiny relict population of an ape species thought to have gone extinct millions of years ago, such as Gigantopithecus or Paranthropus. If so, it certainly wouldn’t be the first species to be resurrected. One, the Chacoan peccary—a wild pig-like mammal native to South America—was initially known only from fossils found during the 1930s. Then, in 1971, scientists realized thousands of the animals were alive and well in the Chaco region of Argentina. During the intervening decades, biologists had been certain that the peccary was long extinct. Local residents, meanwhile, were aware of the animal’s existence the entire time. * * *

George Eberhart is a librarian known for his encyclopedic bibliographies on unusual phenomena. He focuses on cryptozoology in an ambitious effort to collate information on every cryptid and a number of mythical creatures (e.g., griffin, roc, dragon, werewolf) that have been said to represent unknown and known animals. The first part of this book contains descriptions of 1,085 unknown animals, arranged alphabetically in a field-guide format. Each of these falls into one of forty major cryptid categories, most of them based on existing classes and orders of known animals. Each major category offers a brief description of the animal group associated with it, as well as a list of the cryptids included. The major categories are a good place to begin a general search for specific mystery beasts. There are over 1000 entries alphabetically organized, from "Abnauayu", a supposed hominid from west Asia, to "Ziz", a mythical giant bird of the Middle East. The relative obscurity of these two cryptids is representative of the book, which contains entries on many beasts that many cryptozoologists will know little about. Most of the cryptids are listed by their local name, making Mysterious Creatures an interesting reference to the animal folklore of indigenous peoples around the world. There are also entries on the better-known cryptids such as Nessie, bigfoot, and the gigantic octopus. Werewolves are covered, too. Following the name of each cryptid is a brief sentence that describes what kind of cryptid it is and where it is found. Each entry is then broken into subsections including etymology, variant names, physical description, behaviour, tracks, habitat, distribution, significant sightings, a list of possible explanations, and a usually comprehensive list of references (admirably, often the original sources). Eberhart's comprehensive and informative treatment of cryptids makes Mysterious Creatures an invaluable reference. It is of great use and enjoyment to anybody interested in cryptozoology.

Thursday, 29 July 2010 Aussie Marsupials share American ancestors By Richard Black Environment correspondent, BBC News The characteristic koalas, kangaroos, possums and wombats of Australia share a common American ancestor, according to genetic research from Germany. A University of Muenster team drew up a marsupial family tree based on DNA. Writing in the Public Library of Science (PLoS) Biology journal, they suggest a single marsupial species moved from the Americas to Australia. Marsupials differ from other mammals in that mothers carry their young in a pouch after birth. As well as the familiar Australian species, the family includes the opossums and shrew opossums of North and South America, and also has a presence in Asian countries including Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. "I think this is pretty strong evidence now for the hypothesis of a single migration [to Australia] and a common ancestor," said Juergen Schmitz, one of the research team.Tracing relatives The research was made possible by the recent sequencing of genomes from two marsupials - the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) from South America, and the Australian tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii). The Muenster researchers looked for DNA elements called retroposons. These are fragments that have been copied and inserted back into DNA in a random fashion at some point during the animal's evolutionary history. They are among the "jumping genes" that can scatter genetic information along the genome. If two species carry the same retroposon but a third does not, that indicates that the first two are more closely related to each other than they are to the third. Sometimes one retroposon is inserted in the middle of another, again giving vital clues as to the sequence of events in a family's evolution. Using this method, they showed that the American opossums separated from the main lineage first. Then at some stage an ancestral species migrated to Australia and gave rise to the various families found there now. When exactly this happened is still unknown, as this kind of analysis does not show when in evolutionary time the retroposons were inserted. "Maybe it's around 30-40 million years ago, but we cannot say because jumping genes do not give this information," Dr Schmitz told BBC News. "It's now up to other people, maybe from the palaeontology field, to find out when exactly it happened." The overall marsupial history is virtually a circular migration. The earliest identified species (Sinodelphys szalayi) is known from 125-million-year-old fossils found in China. Subsequently the family - or perhaps a single species - moved across the super-continent of Gondwana into what is now South America. The marsupial family began expanding about 70-80 million years ago. After crossing into Australia, they penetrated north into the Indonesian archipelago - almost returning to their Chinese homeland. Wednesday, 28 July 2010 "A plume from the extinct huia bird has sold for a record sum at auction in New Zealand. The feather was bought by a family from Wellington who declined to be identified. The brown and white feather traditionally used to adorn Maori chiefs sold for £3,800. No huia bird has been since 1907" -- Daily Sport, 23 June 2010. During the compilation of the opus that is Australian Big Cats: An Unnatural History of Panthers,authors Michael Williams and Rebecca Lang were handed lots of intriguing video footage - and possibly one of the most puzzling was that of what appears to be a lioness roaming the Northern territory Outback. 'Shot' by NT resident Jan Donovan, this still from the footage (which featured this week on the front page of the Northern Territory News) could lend weight to the notion feral exotic cats are running around in Australia's wilderness. You might recall the case of the recently shot pygmy hippo in the Top End, which appears to have been an escapee from a private zoo. What do you think? We'd love to hear your thoughts - and if you have a photograph or video footage, we'd be happy to have a look and venture an opinion. Wednesday, 21 July 2010 by Frances Rand South Coast Register July 21, 2010 FOR over a hundred years big cats have stalked Kangaroo Valley. Tuesday, 20 July 2010 CFZers and authors interviewed on NZ's The Cryptid Factor. Our part starts @ 10.20...Mike chimes in later in the show talking about other Australian cryptids including the yowie! REGION - Eight years of research has gone into the production of the newly released book Australian Big Cats - An Unnatural History of Panthers, by Michael Williams and Rebecca Lang. Saturday, 10 July 2010 Friday, 9 July 2010 AUSTRALIAN scientists have unearthed the remains of a small bizarre, prehistoric, sabre-toothed cat in an ancient former rainforest, where specimens stretch back 25 million years. Lead paleontologist Henk Godthelp said it was the first time the carnivore - with fangs half the length of its skull, which fits into the palm of an adult human hand - had been seen in Australia, calling it an exciting and unique discovery. "It's sort of like a native cat with a broad flattish head with large canines," Dr Godthelp said. "It's an animal we don't think we've seen before up at Riversleigh, so it was quite a nice find for us." Thursday, 8 July 2010 The debate over whether big cats, such as panthers or pumas, are roaming the Australian bush has gone on for decades but as far as Michael Williams is concerned, there's no room for argument. He spoke to Matt Dowling about researching the book and what inspired his fascination for big cats.

Posted by: Craig Woolheater on June 29th, 2011 Here’s an interesting post regarding the Spokane River Bigfoot iPhone Video from a month ago. Source: Who Forted? Originally published June 2, 2011 5:19 pm If you’ve got an internet connection and a pulse, you’ve probably heard a lot about a certain video uploaded to YouTube last weekend that involved a couple hikers and a guest appearance by a legendary cryptid (we covered it in the Daily Weird earlier, should you need a quick look at the details). To be honest, I’m surprised that the “Spokane Bigfoot” video has gained as much attention as it has. When the clip originally popped up in my google alerts feed last week, I gave it a watch, had a laugh, and passed it off, thinking that no one could possibly think the video was for real. I was, quite obviously, wrong. At the time of this posting, the video has climbed to over 200,000 views, and it doesn’t show signs of slowing down, with bigfoot enthusiast websites like Cryptomundo running stories about it every other day, and regular attention from major media news outlets. Yet, how come, through all of this, the uploader known only as Samantha13950, refuses to do any kind of public interview? Simple: the video is almost certainly faked. Why do I think so? Because after noticing the lack of real journalism going on regarding the extremely lame hoax (at least the “Georgia Bigfoot” a few years back had some effort put into it), we went ahead and shot the same thing yesterday afternoon to prove how easy it was: Not too shabby, huh? Sure, maybe Dana didn’t have the lumbering gait of a Sasquatch perfected, but we didn’t feel like putting Tim Holmes on a plane to Ontario so that he could school us in the intricacies of Bigfoot trotting. For the sake of argument, let’s say that our crude recreation isn’t enough to make up your mind. First of all, let’s take into consideration the context of the video. All we know is that a few kids went for a hike in the Spokane woods, and amazingly, as they rewatch their hiking footage at home, they notice something strange in the background. Let me ask you, how often do people use their shitty iPhone cameras to capture riveting footage of woodland hikes? Sure, there’s a whole lot of boring stuff on YouTube, but shaky camera-phone video of hiking smacks of a sketchy set-up right from the start. Several days ago, Samantha13950 gave a quote via email to Inlander.com about where the video was taken. “I will let you know that we were in downriver park where the big hill starts to flatten out down by the river. The video is from my iphone. I was filming my friends slapping at ginormous mosquitoes and trying to get through some thick weeds.” The portion of land in question, as evidenced by a quick look at google maps, shows that the forest they were “hiking” in, is just a thin strip of woods directly adjacent to Spokane Community College. Take a look at how the blonde in the video is dressed. Seems like she just came from some kind of sports practice, doesn’t it? Well, another quick google search confirms that there was a huge track and field meet going on at the college the weekend of the supposed encounter. We’re talking hundreds of bored kids sitting around by the woods while they wait for their events. Perfect time for a little fun with the iPhone, no? Finally, take a gander at the Bigfoot itself. It doesn’t really look like anything like the Sasquatch that we’ve come to know over the years. It doesn’t appear very tall, muscular, or hairy, which is pretty contradictory of traditional reports. If you watch the clip closely, it honestly just looks like the silhouette of a dude in high tops sneaking through the woods. Are those Nikes? Alright, so maybe, just maybe, these kids were hiking through the forest and innocently caught something they hadn’t planned on. But I highly doubt it. Too many things don’t make sense for it to be considered a serious piece of evidence in the hunt for Bigfoot, and until the uploader decides to cowboy up and step out from behind the anonymous mask of Samantha13950 for a proper interview, or uploads the full video, what we’re stuck with is an inconclusive clip that’s going to be debated and argued about in cryptozoological circles for years to come. But that’s probably the point. So where is the reasonable journalism at? Let me back up for a minute. I love paranormal hoaxes. They’re fun, and when they’re done right, they can provide years of mystery and magic to a subject that has a tendency to get a bit stale. Lots of people have been able to make a fun hobby out of sniffing out hoaxes. For example, look at the the excellent skeptic podcast MonsterTalk. While a sizable portion of the so-called “skeptic movement” like to busy themselves by telling stupid people to stop doing things only stupid people do anyway, people like the MonsterTalk gang are having fun educating people on the subject of cryptids and their rational explanations, and honestly, being true paranormal investigators while they’re at it. Hoaxes are an inevitable part of searching out the weird, and you don’t have to identify as a skeptic to dispel any of your own bunk findings. I certainly don’t consider myself a skeptic by any means, and yet I don’t have a problem calling bullshit when it see it. My point is that if the mainstream (and paranormal) media are going to circle jerk over a really bad hoax, they ought to do at least five minutes of research on the bit they’re promoting. Don’t worry, you can still have fun with it, and providing reasons that the amazing find might not be genuine won’t ruin your supernatural street cred or automatically make you a skeptic. It will, on the other hand, make you look a little more reasonable in your beliefs. Or, at least, a little less lazy. Co-founder of Cryptomundo in 2005. I have appeared in or contributed to the following TV programs, documentaries and films: OLN's Mysterious Encounters: "Caddo Critter", Southern Fried Bigfoot, Travel Channel's Weird Travels: "Bigfoot", History Channel's MonsterQuest: "Swamp Stalker", The Wild Man of the Navidad, Destination America's Monsters and Mysteries in America: Texas Terror - Lake Worth Monster, Animal Planet's Finding Bigfoot: Return to Boggy Creek and Beast of the Bayou.

Quantum physics has made it okay and even sexy to talk about alternate universes, parallel worlds, other dimensional places. In fact, we might have all at some time or other run into these other realms in the form of deja vu, premonition, glimpses of something out of place, encounters with UFOs or ghosts.... A couple years ago, I stood in the desert before a big outcropping of rocks covered in ancient petroglyphs. My friend was chatting while looking at the drawings, but my mind drifted. I felt a calling from the desert floor. I lifted my gaze to study the endless arid landscape, only to see a grouping of trees and some sort of delta-like land with water, tule reeds, and the air felt thick around me. As I studied the colors of this beautiful oasis that seemed strangely clear and oddly dimensional, my friend's voice brought me back to the place before the outcropping of rocks and as my eyes drifted to the boulder at my feet, I wondered about that watery retreat, turning and facing it again only to see desert floor, endless, flat, occasional scrub or saguaro cactus. I had a brief glimpse of a basin that once existed in that land. Many eons ago or perhaps in an alternate universe. Ghosts are often described as inhabitants of a parallel universe and our occasional glimpses of them are a magical set of circumstances that allow us to view that. Deja vu, Bigfoot that seem to be going missing in mid step, alien greys, cryptid creatures such as Mothman, are all often referred to as otherworldly. There has been some question if alien encounters have to do with slipping between universes. The very phenomena of lost time, being placed in a location one does not recognize, and the "flying ships" and odd beings could all represent another parallel world or other dimension. It almost makes more sense than the concept of physically traveling from a planet out in the vast universe. In an interesting conversation about the subject, Michio Kaku, the highly respected physicist, suggested that eventually mankind might learn how to slip into another universe. This is intriguing to me because I have come to the personal conclusion that it's more likely the visitors from other worlds are from other parallel worlds, not other planets, also that what we call alien encounters are encounters with previous occupants of our planet who moved on. Source: Ong’s Hat, New Jersey was founded sometime in the 19th century by a man named Ong after he threw his hat up in the air and lost it to a tree branch. (Or maybe it slipped into another dimension. Who knows?) By the 1920s, the city had become a ghost town, but Ong’s Hat wasn’t forgotten. On the contrary, the abandoned town became the topic for one of the earliest Internet-based conspiracy theories. During the 1970s and ’80s, a new scientific paradigm called “chaos,” which is concerned with everyday experiences such as the sound of a fan or the buzzing of a computer, began to gain popularity. Two chaos scientists named Frank and Althea Dobbs developed a theory that consciousness could be modeled as its own universe, and if one could master one’s own “mind map,” the ability to control the chaos and possibly travel to other dimensions would be achieved. According to a long-debunked hoax pamphlet, three other chaos scientists joined the Dobbses in founding the underground Institute of Chaos Studies in Ong’s Hat, New Jersey. It was here that they discovered the “gate” to alternate dimensions by putting scientists in a modified sensory deprivation chamber called “the egg.” Allegedly, they succeeded and mastered the science of interdimensional travel. On their explorations, they discovered a world that never developed human life but sustained plant life and water, which is where the chaos scientists were said to reside ever since. It's entirely possible that some amazing insights and innovations, ancient technology, prophetic visions, and more could be attributed to glimpses between the worlds. Besides, how do we know that dreams are not a nighttime spent walking in the other realms? Interesting account by a person

Posted by: Loren Coleman on August 20th, 2008 The cropped photograph of the so-called Ameranthropoides loysi, de Loys’ alleged "ape," one of the most sinister hoaxes of all times (see #10 below). In light of the Georgia Bigfoot Freezergate hoax (credit: Bobbie Short), I thought it might be a good idea to re-visit something I wrote in 2006. You will notice, in the examples below, there lurks in the shadows one that points to Tom Biscardi’s historical impact and another that details his old associate, Ivan Marx. There are scores of motives for hoaxes. Here are a few that I think should float to the surface of any cesspool filled with this stuff. My choices for the top ten major reasons that exist for hoaxing in cryptozoology are: 1.) Fiscal gain (e.g. allegedly the reason behind a hoaxster’s "Coast to Coast AM" radio appearances was so the guest’s broadcast claims of a "captured Bigfoot" video he said was going to post online would encourage "subscribers" to pay a fee to "see" it; the fact he did not deliver did not mean he ever gave the money back, allegedly; psychologically these individuals rarely admit guilt, but say they were “hoodwinked”); 2.) Fifteen minutes of fame (e.g. the late Ivan Marx, the late Ray Wallace, and other members of the alleged Bigfoot hoaxing fraternity appear to have had a psychological need for media-attention, mostly gained by allegedly producing false evidence); 3.) Pranks (i.e., these can be harmless teen, college or Halloween-style ones that go overboard and become local legends); 4.) Spreading misinformation (e.g. when I was doing research for Cryptozoology A to Z, an individual attempted to create an online history of sightings about the so-called "Ozark Howler," so I would write an entry on them in my forthcoming book; his deception was discovered and not one paragraph exists therein on that fake cryptid); 5.) Vandalism (i.e,. some hoaxing appears to be mischief, performed for psychological reasons only known to the creator, to cause disruptions for disruptions’ sake, in a display of misguided graps at power in a powerless or mentally unbalanced person; some have called these purely "evil" acts); 6.) Venting of anger or revenge targeting a specific group or individuals (i.e., a few manufactured events are private personalized incidents that may get incidental local or national media attention, although the original non-media motive may be lost in the publicity that results); 7.) Private exchanges gone bad (i.e., related to bragging, hoaxing, and pranks that spreads beyond a small circle of friends and foes, such as the faking of some Bigfoot prints in the Pacific Northwest by the late Ray Wallace and the late Rant Mullens may be partially laid to this motive, regarding their competitive membership in a "Liars Club") 8.) Misinterpreted jokes (e.g. these are funny gags that are misunderstood by others – botched – as discussing reality, discovered to be fiction, and thus have been labeled a hoax, perhaps inappropriately); 9.) Discrediting or promoting a company or an individual (i.e. these appear to be different than #6 above in that the public media factor is built into the hoax, on purpose; virtual marketing falls under this section); and 10.) Political reasons (e.g. the racism behind the photographs of spider monkeys taken by François De Loys in 1920 in Venezuela that have been passed off as unknown apes; the hoax was to support the eugenics theories of George Montandon, who was looking for an anthropoid precursor for the Native South Americans, just as he had said Africans evolved from gorillas and Asians from orangutans*; his theories were linked to the same ideas that the Nazis used against the Jewish, Roma people and other populations during the Holocaust). De Loys’ "ape" is nothing more than a spider monkey, similar to the one pictured above, which you may enlarge by clicking on the image. * "De Loys’s Photograph: A Short Tale of Apes in Green Hell, Spider Monkeys, and Ameranthropoides loysi as Tools of Racism" by Loren Coleman and Michel Raynal, in The Anomalist 4, Autumn 1996. "Loren’s Top 10 Reasons For Cryptozoology Hoaxes" © Loren Coleman 2006. Loren Coleman is one of the world’s leading cryptozoologists, some say “the” leading living cryptozoologist. Certainly, he is acknowledged as the current living American researcher and writer who has most popularized cryptozoology in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Starting his fieldwork and investigations in 1960, after traveling and trekking extensively in pursuit of cryptozoological mysteries, Coleman began writing to share his experiences in 1969. An honorary member of Ivan T. Sanderson’s Society for the Investigation of the Unexplained in the 1970s, Coleman has been bestowed with similar honorary memberships of the North Idaho College Cryptozoology Club in 1983, and in subsequent years, that of the British Columbia Scientific Cryptozoology Club, CryptoSafari International, and other international organizations. He was also a Life Member and Benefactor of the International Society of Cryptozoology (now-defunct). Loren Coleman’s daily blog, as a member of the Cryptomundo Team, served as an ongoing avenue of communication for the ever-growing body of cryptozoo news from 2005 through 2013. He returned as an infrequent contributor beginning Halloween week of 2015. Coleman is the founder in 2003, and current director of the International Cryptozoology Museum in Portland, Maine.

CHICAGO, IL – President-Elect Obama’s Transition team announced today that the First Family to be has made a very important decision. They have decided on what breed of pet to bring to the White House: a Bigfoot. In fact, it is a tiny Bigfoot. And to accommodate Malia’s allergies, this little big-guy is the first hypo-allergenic Sasquatch known to man. In a press conference last week, President-Elect Obama announced that they would seek to find a hypo-allergenic breed of dog in a shelter, knowing it would be a near impossible feat. Within hours of the announcement, volunteers from a West Virginia animal shelter, began contacting the Obama Transition team to notify them of a unique animal they had been rehabilitating in their facilities for weeks. “Hikers found the Tiny Bigfoot, Albert, in the woods back in August,” shelter director, Susan Thomas told reporters. “We ran all sorts of tests on him to identify his species and age, and one of the things we noticed was that he didn’t cause an allergic reaction in people who usually show signs resulting from dander or saliva. He may not be a mutt, but he sure is a doll.” The Tiny Bigfoot spent the weekend with the Obama family to insure Malia didn’t have any adverse reactions. Spokesmen from the First-Lady-Elect’s office told reporters that the family took to Albert very quickly. “He is already a great companion to the girls and is proving to be an excellent guard dog. He doesn’t let them out of his sight.” The President-Elect himself is reported to be very pleased with their choice and looks forward to increased relations between his administration and the cryptid community.

I’m not a baseball fan. In fact, you could say I am the exact opposite. If you wanted to somehow put me to sleep, stick me in front of a TV with a baseball game on. I’m more of a soccer, basketball, Olympics girl. Fast. Aggressive. High-scoring. That’s how I like my sports. However, I read an inordinate number of baseball books because I teach in a baseball town. Every year, at least half of my boys are baseball players. They love to read books about baseball, baseball players, and baseball history. So this past year I read (and loved) Alan Gratz’s The Brooklyn Nine. At the end of the book, Gratz includes an afterword with historical information pertaining to each story in the book. It was there that I learned there have only been 17 perfect games in MLB history. Today, I opened my computer to read the headline Buehrle tosses first MLB perfect game in 5 years. Before I read the article, I immediately thought to myself, “Wow! Now there have been 18 perfect games! How cool would it be to actually pitch one of those 18 games in the last 100 years?” Not exactly what you’d expect from someone who has never watched an entire baseball game all the way through, huh? More importantly, not what you would expect from the the girl who spent the one season she played softball making daisy chains in the outfield. Before reading Gratz’s book I never would have known this information. I probably would not have even clicked on the link and read the article. But because I read The Brooklyn Nine I was interested in the story. Reading that book led me to read the article from Sports Illustrated today. And now I know that there have only been 5 pitchers in MLB history to throw a perfect game and a no-hitter. Isn’t that exactly what we want our students to do? Read, build schema, and then go out to read and learn more? And this can happen with any book. I’ve seen students go out and research synesthesia after reading Wendy Mass’s A Mango-Shaped Space. Students who read Cryptid Hunters read non-fiction about cryptozoology. So on and so forth. There are no bad books. Sometimes I have parents who think that sports books are a waste of time. Or horror. Or humorous books. Or magazines. It goes one and on. But here’s the magic of reading: fiction leads to reading more non-fiction-whether it is non-fiction books, articles on the internet, magazines, or any other informational reading on a specific subject. It’s just as likely that readers of non-fiction will seek out fiction books on similar subjects, or more informational texts (in a variety of genres) about the same subject. Reading begets more reading. There’s no more organic way to get kids to read than to just allow them to read what they want and to continue reading what they enjoy! Even better? All that reading builds up background knowledge and schema. Students with more schema do better on standardized testing because they have the necessary background knowledge. More importantly, students with a large array of schema will connect to more books, more subjects in school, more teachers, and more people. They are more well-rounded..

Posted by: Loren Coleman on April 27th, 2006 Is there an increase in Cryptid Cat activity occurring in North America this spring? If so, local officials aren’t sure how to quite handle it yet – with humor or by setting traps. A video of a cougar or mountain lion taken in Willmar, Minnesota, lead to the capture of the animal on February 1, 2006. Most people didn’t believe the reported cat was anything more than a figment of people’s imagination before the video. On Wednesday, April 26, 2006, the mayor of Montgomery, New Jersey, cracked a joke, saying "We are the Land of the Cougars" (alluding to the local high school sports mascot), after sightings of just such a phantom panther locally. The Asbury Park Press, in an article entitled "Mountain lion in Montgomery?" noted: A homeowner reported to police spotting the animal on Harvard Circle at about 8 p.m. Monday. The resident described the animal as tan and 60 to 80 pounds. Police found no evidence of the mountain lion at the scene but contacted the township’s health officer, conservation officers of the state Division of Fish and Wildlife, and neighboring municipalities. Last summer local residents saw an animal larger than a house cat with a "very long tail." Division of Fish and Wildlife crews used tracking devices in Montgomery but found nothing. Recently, animals seem to be more aggressive, or at least there are more reports of them in the media. A cougar attacked a boy near Boulder, Colorado, on April 15th, and the cat was then killed on the 16th. People are jumpy about animal attacks this spring after a girl was killed by a bear in Tennessee on April 13th, and a hunter was mauled in Washington State on April 22, 2006, outside the Olympia National Park. Reports of eastern North American cryptid cats may be getting more attention because of all of this. On April 13th, residents of Lesley Park in Ottawa, Ontario, reported a second sighting of what looked like a large brown cat, a cougar in a ravine, an unusual occurrence in those part. Meanwhile, in Michigan, after sightings on April 15th and 16th in Sumpter Township, local government officers set a trap for what one witness believed was a cougar that was spotted twice in the western Wayne County. The animal first was seen by a woman on Oakville-Waltz Road on Saturday in her backyard, and then miles away on Sunday by another witness near Rawsonville and Willow roads. Nothing’s been caught yet. You may be reading more about other Mystery Puma encounters in the coming weeks, if these are an early indication. Mountain lions are not supposed to exist in eastern North America, having gone extinct from all of their former range (but Florida), so they naturally become part of cryptozoology when reported anew. Loren Coleman is one of the world’s leading cryptozoologists, some say “the” leading living cryptozoologist. Certainly, he is acknowledged as the current living American researcher and writer who has most popularized cryptozoology in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Starting his fieldwork and investigations in 1960, after traveling and trekking extensively in pursuit of cryptozoological mysteries, Coleman began writing to share his experiences in 1969. An honorary member of Ivan T. Sanderson’s Society for the Investigation of the Unexplained in the 1970s, Coleman has been bestowed with similar honorary memberships of the North Idaho College Cryptozoology Club in 1983, and in subsequent years, that of the British Columbia Scientific Cryptozoology Club, CryptoSafari International, and other international organizations. He was also a Life Member and Benefactor of the International Society of Cryptozoology (now-defunct). Loren Coleman’s daily blog, as a member of the Cryptomundo Team, served as an ongoing avenue of communication for the ever-growing body of cryptozoo news from 2005 through 2013. He returned as an infrequent contributor beginning Halloween week of 2015. Coleman is the founder in 2003, and current director of the International Cryptozoology Museum in Portland, Maine.

Full resolution (720 × 400 pixels, file size: 484 KB, MIME type: image/png) V. V. Argost (The Secret Saturdays) Appears on these pages The power to influence and control all kinds of cryptid creatures. Variation of Mythic... The power to use the abilities of a Sasquatch. Variation of Mythic Physiology. User with this...

Archive for the “Movie Monsters” Posted by: Seth Breedlove on February 17th, 2016 Due to the overwhelming success of the Small Town Monsters crowdfunding campaign for their next film, Boggy Creek Monster, there have been additional rewards added. The original goal was surpassed in just four days and the campaign is now rolling past the 150% funded goal. Read: Boggy Creek Monster Campaign Adds Rewards » Posted by: Seth Breedlove on January 31st, 2016 The crowdfunding campaign to make the next Small Town Monsters movie is now online. The film, titled Boggy Creek Monster, will be the third in the series and focus on the long history of Southern Sasquatch reports in and around the town of Fouke, Arkansas. Read: Boggy Creek Monster Kickstarter Goes Live » Posted by: Lyle Blackburn on January 28th, 2016 In memory of Julius Elmo “Smokey” Crabtree. April 22, 1927 – January 16, 2016. Read: Passing of a Legend » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on January 24th, 2016 “THE X-FILES” RETURNS TO FOX Premieres Sunday 10ET/7PT Jan 24 Read: The X-Files Reopened » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on January 21st, 2016 Banner image courtesy Bigfoot in the CSRA I received the sad news this past weekend that good friend and Fouke Monster legend Smokey Crabtree had passed away. Read: Fouke Monster Legend Smokey Crabtree Passes Away » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on December 4th, 2015 On April 1st, the second chapter in the Small Town Monsters’ Saga… August, 1976: Three teens driving on an isolated stretch of road somewhere in the Adirondacks of Upstate New York have a brush with a bizarre creature. Standing over 7 feet tall and covered in hair, they referred to it as a beast. Hours later, Abair Road was crawling with local and state police. Many of them recounted seeing the creature, as well. Read: Beast of Whitehall Bigfoot Film Trailer » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on November 13th, 2015 Valley of the Sasquatch returns to Washington tonight for a Friday the 13th screening at the Olympia Film Festival. Read: Valley of the Sasquatch Returns to WA » Posted by: Lyle Blackburn on November 5th, 2015 Here’s the full episode of my appearance on Finding Bigfoot when the team came to investigate Caddo Lake on the border of Texas and Louisiana. (Also where Creature From Black Lake was filmed back in the 70s.) Read: Squatchsploitation » Posted by: Ken Gerhard on October 31st, 2015 Here’s something fun for Halloween! Allow me to present a list of monster movies that feature veritable cryptids. Obviously, most of these creatures are highly implausible, but none of them claim supernatural, radioactive/mutant or extraterrestrial origins Read: Cryptid Monster Movies » Posted by: Ken Gerhard on October 30th, 2015 Kick off your Halloween weekend with a new episode of the History Channel series – True Monsters, tonight @10pm EST – Giants and Beasts! Featuring yours truly as one of the commentators. This is a very well done series that explores monster myths around the world… while incorporating some really creepy reenactments. The new episode will be preceded by three that have aired previously… Read: True Monsters » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on October 24th, 2015 Just announced at the 3rd Annual Boggy Creek Festival is the next film in the Small Town Monsters, cryptid-documentary series. The film is titled Boggy Creek Monster and will focus on the history of sightings in and around the community of Fouke, Arkansas that inspired the film, Legend of Boggy Creek. Boggy Creek Monster is a Small Town Monsters production in association with cryptid researcher, author, musician, journalist, and television personality, Lyle Blackburn. Read: Small Town Monsters: Boggy Creek Monster » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on October 2nd, 2015 August, 1976: Three teens driving on an isolated stretch of road somewhere in the Adirondacks of Upstate New York have a brush with a bizarre creature. Standing over 7 feet tall and covered in hair, they referred to it as a “beast”. Hours later, Abair Road was crawling with local and state police. Many of them recounted seeing the creature, as well. Read: Beast of Whitehall » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on September 9th, 2015 Santa rewards the nice, Krampus punishes the naughty. Read: Krampus for Christmas » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on August 4th, 2015 Posted by: Nick Redfern on July 29th, 2015 Bigfoot: it’s a controversy-filled word that is instantly recognizable to just about one and all. And, regardless of whether one is a true believer, an open-minded skeptic, a definitive non-believer, or a semi-interested observer of the controversy, pretty much everyone knows what the word implies and describes: a large, hair-covered, ape-style animal that is said to roam, and lurk within, the mysterious, forested wilds of the United States. Read: Profiling “The Bigfoot Book” »

Posted by: mystery_man on February 24th, 2012 “The Yamapikarya – Japan’s Mystery Cat” By Brent Swancer Recently while researching wildlife on some of Japan’s more remote islands, and I couldn’t help but think of this article I wrote here awhile back on Cryptomundo concerning a mystery cat said to lurk on one of Japan’s most remote islands. I have decided to revisit this enigmatic creature here. Is there a large mystery cat roaming the jungles of Japan’s remote Iriomote Island? Iriomote island lies about 200 kilometers east of Taiwan, 1,240 miles Southwest of Tokyo, and is part of Japan’s Okinawa archipelago of islands. At approximately 289 square kilometers (113 square miles) in area, Iriomote is the largest island in the Yeayama Shoto island chain, and is the second largest island in all of Okinawa. Iriomote is considered to be one of the great wild areas left in Japan, with 90% of its mountainous land made up of lush, pristine subtropical jungle and mangrove swamps. Much of this land falls within the Iriomote National Park or is protected state land, with its plants and animals protected by a district forestry service. This beautiful, untouched wilderness is home to many rare and unique animals and plants, some found nowhere else on Earth, and due to this biological diversity, Iriomote island has sometimes been called “The Galapagos of East Asia.” Iriomote is already home to one known species of wildcat, known as the Iriomote wildcat, or Iriomote cat (Prionailurus iriomotensis), commonly called the “Yamaneko,” or “mountain cat” in Japanese. The Iriomote wildcat is endemic to the island, meaning it is found only here and nowhere else in the world. This cat is so elusive that it was not formally discovered until 1967, and there are many people who have lived on the island their entire lives who have never seen one or are indeed even aware that it exists. The Iriomote wildcat is approximately the size of a domestic housecat, around 50 cm long and weighing from 3 to 8 kg (6-18 lbs). It is dark or grayish brown in color, with lines on the neck that end at the shoulders and longitudinal rows of black spots that merge into lines on its flanks. The Iriomote cat is thought to be related to Asian leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis) native to Southeast Asia, although its exact taxonomy within this group is often disputed. It is one of the most “primitive” forms of extant cat in the world, and with only around 100 or fewer individuals remaining, it is also one of the rarest. While the Iriomote wildcat is no longer a cryptid, there have long been stories and rumors of another type of larger cat living deep in the remote, mist shrouded jungles of the island. Iriomote was originally not considered fit for human habitation due to the rampant malaria once found there. The island had primarily an agricultural role, being used for rice farming due to its abundant water, and human settlement on Iriomote island didn’t begin in earnest until after World War II, with the eradication of malaria. At the time of this population growth, sightings began to surface of large mystery cats in the wilderness. This mystery cat, now known as the “Yamapikarya,” was first known through reports by wild boar hunters, who are known to venture far off the beaten trails into the remote jungles. These hunters told of a large cat in the mountains and swamps of the island’s interior, often described as being similar to a leopard or jaguar. The Yamapikariya is described as being between 1 and 1.3 meters in length, much larger than the Iriomote wildcat, and stoutly built. Its coat is said to be yellow, dark yellow, or orangish in color, with large, black spots. The tail of the cat is remarkably long, an interesting detail that is often mentioned in reports of the animal. Another detail that remains consistent in reports is the remarkably arboreal nature of the mystery cat. The Yamapikarya is often reported in trees. They are considered to be excellent climbers and have even been seen to seemingly swing from tree to tree in a manner similar to some kind of primate. Since the first reports by these hunters, there have been at least 47 eyewitness reports on record, possibly even more. Sightings of the cats reached their pinnacle in the 50s and 60s, after which reported encounters with the cats diminished considerably, which has been speculated to be most probably due to the cats moving deeper into the uninhabited areas of the island to avoid humans and increasing development in the coastal areas. In recent years, sightings have dropped off almost completely, yet some intriguing and often fairly credible recent sightings still pop up from time to time. One such sighting occurred in the summer of 1978, when a hunter reported seeing a large cat lounging up in a tree. The eyewitness described the cat as having spots that were “oddly shaped,” although exactly how they were odd is not mentioned, and a long tail that hung down “like a vine.” After observing the cat for several minutes, the hunter reports that the cat seemed to suddenly realize it was not alone, after which it bounded down the tree and into the forest with what he says was extraordinary speed and agility. The cat did not make any sounds. In 2003, a Mr. Shimabukuro, who runs a fishing boat on the island, spotted a Yamapikariya while he was in the mountains setting wild boar traps. According to his report, he was setting the traps and found himself walking along a gravelly open clearing. After walking along this clearing for around 100 meters, he was surprised when a large, spotted cat, estimated at slightly over a meter long, suddenly leapt down from the top of a large boulder, landing right in front of him before disappearing into the underbrush. As the cat retreated, the man noticed that it was spotted, and had a remarkably long tail. He recalled being startled, and claims to have never seen anything like it on the island. In September of 2007, the cat was seen by a Mr. Aiyoshi, who is a professor at Shimane University in Japan. According to his report, the professor was sitting on a beach fishing for a research project when a dark shape appeared from the thick forest just 2.5 meters from where he sat. His first bewildered reaction upon realizing an animal was there was that a wild boar had crept out of the trees, but it became quickly apparent this was a large cat which he describes as being a meter in length, with a very long tail and black spots, and looking similar to a leopard. The professor reported how the cat stared right at him before calmly slinking into the shadowy forest once more. What do reports like this mean? The only two types of cat known to exist on the island are the endemic Iriomote wildcat, and introduced house cats, yet it seems fairly obvious from physical descriptions of the mystery animal that what is being seen is neither of these. The Yamapikariya is described as being much larger than either of these cats, and the animal’s coloring does not match up either. The Iriomote wildcat also does not have a particularly long tail, which may seem like a minor point, but is a feature that is often mentioned in Yamapikarya reports. The long tail is therefore apparently a striking enough attribute of the animal to catch people’s attention and make it noteworthy. There are dogs on the island, but again the reports do not seem to be describing a typical domestic dog either. It also seems that there were likely few, if any, domestic cats or dogs on the island during the time when the first sightings of the Yamapikarya were being reported. In addition, many eyewitnesses of the mystery cat have been hunters, who would probably be quite familiar with the animals of the area. Whatever is being seen, it seems questionable that the reports can be attributed to misidentifications of dogs or known cats on the island. It seems apparent that the mystery cat is likely something else. But what? Some have proposed that the Yamapikariya is merely misidentified wild boars that have been seen. This explanation does not seem to be a realistic suggestion in light of what has been seen. Not only do wild boars look nothing like a large cat, but the coloring is also way off, and they don’t climb trees. It must also be remembered that many of the sightings of the Yamapikariya have been made by hunters, indeed wild boar hunters no less, who got a good look at the animal in question. It seems fairly unlikely that a wild boar hunter would mistake a wild boar for a large spotted cat, so what else could the Yamapikarya be? One possibility is that what is being seen is a leopard (Panthera pardus), above. While many people may think of Africa when they think of leopards, these cats actually have the widest distribution of any wild cat, and are found in eastern and southeastern Asia as well. Leopards are also very robust and adaptable, inhabiting a wide range of habitats from grassland to jungle, and could likely do quite well on Iriomote. Their black rosette marked coat and fairly stocky build are a good match for the descriptions of the Yamapikariya. As I have mentioned, many sightings of the Yamapikariya have also been made in trees, including sightings by people who mention being astonished by the speed and agility with which the cat can climb. This would fit well with leopards as they are known for their climbing prowess and for resting or feeding in trees. At typical sizes of 1.3 to 1.9 meters (around 4 to 6 feet) long with a tail 3 to 4 feet long, the leopard tends to be a bit on the large side for what is reported for the Yamapikariya, but it is still worth considering. It also seems vaguely possible that we could be dealing with another cat native to Asia, the Asian golden cat (Padofelis temminickii). At a tad less than a meter long, the size is somewhat comparable to the Yamapikarya, and although the golden cat typically has a mostly plain golden coat with limited or faded spots, there is a recessive color variant in China that exhibits very leopard -like markings similar to a leopard cat. One animal that is perhaps the best candidate for the Yamapikariya is the clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) – directly above and below – of Asia. These cats are not really a type of leopard, but rather are named for their coloration, which is a grayish, yellow, or yellowish grey, with cloud shaped black spots covering the body. This seems very similar to the coloration that has been reported by eyewitnesses of Iriomote’s Yamapikarya, and the cloud shaped spots could produce the report that described the spots as “oddly shaped.” The Clouded leopard ranges in size from about 2 to 3 feet long, not including the additional length of the tail, which at 2 or 3 feet long is the same length as the body. This size range and the long tail coincides well with what has been described in Yamapikarya sightings. Since the clouded leopard is a highly arboreal animal and considered one of the best climbers in the cat family, it also fits in well with the reports of the Yamapikarya in trees and its reportedly excellent climbing ability. In addition to these physical traits, the range of the clouded leopard covers Eastern and Southeast Asia, including a subspecies in nearby Taiwan (Neofelis nebulosa prachyurus), which is now extinct in the wild. In fact, much of the range of the clouded leopard overlaps that of the smaller leopard cats, which are related to the known Iriomote wildcat. Since the Iriomote wildcat (above) evolved from leopard cats that became isolated on the the island long ago, it seems not too far a jump to suggest that perhaps clouded leopards in the same range could have inhabited the island as well. The subtropical habitat on Iriomote would be also be very comfortable indeed for these cats, since prey species are abundant and clouded leopards tend to prefer tropical and subtropical forests, as well as mangrove swamps. The clouded leopard is also an extremely elusive and secretive animal, that is rarely seen even in its known habitat. These cats are so reclusive that they are still little understood, and much of what is known about them has been gleaned from observing captive specimens. They are a good candidate if you are looking for a cat that could remain undiscovered on Iriomote. This brings us to the question of whether a population of any of these cats could really remain hidden on this island. Although Iriomote Island sounds small at only 113 square miles in area, much of it is completely uninhabited. There are only around 2,000 permanent residents on the island, who are settled in the coastal areas. Infrastructure is poor, with no airstrip (the island is only accessible by boat), and only one main road, which wraps around the coast to connect the various villages. The interior of the island is thick with primeval subtropical jungle and mangrove swamps so dense as to be practically impenetrable and inaccessible by humans, with no roads and few trails. It is important to consider that the known wildcat is almost never seen even by long term residents, if at all, even though the cats tend to favor low lying coastal areas where the bulk of the island’s human population live. The Yamapikarya could very possibly be lurking more in the mountainous inland regions well away from humans. Also like the known Iriomote wildcat, the clouded leopard and leopard are predominantly nocturnal and well camouflaged, which when taken together with the remote, impassable jungle habitat, makes it seem at least plausible that a small population could remain concealed on the island. If the Yamapikarya is indeed one of these cats, it seems likely that in their long isolation the cats have evolved uniquely on the island much as the Iriomote wildcat did, making it very possible that it could be an entire new species within its genus, or at the very least a new subspecies. It could very well be that whatever type of cat it is, it could be another animal found only on Iriomote and nowhere else in the world. Unfortunately at this point, no physical evidence of the Yamapikarya has ever been found, but the mystery remains. Something has been seen on the island that does not match with other animals known to be there. Is it a new type of clouded leopard, leopard, or golden cat? Could it even be a new genus of cat? Is it some other type of large cat, an exotic, even perhaps some type of presumably extinct prehistoric cat? Is it a wild boar, a feral cat, or a dog? Or is it perhaps just a figment of people’s imaginations? The answer to these questions could be out there right now, prowling the jungles of Iriomote Island.

Çupakabra (Keçi Yiyen, El Chupacabra, Chupacabras) Kategori: Batı Folkloru / Halk İnanışları / Efsanevi Yaratıklar Chupacabra, İspanyolca keçi emici anlamına geliyor. Keçi emici adının verilmesi, Porto Rico'da meydana olaylarda evcil keçilerin vücutlarında çeşitli izler ve yaralar bulunması ve neredeyse vücutlarındaki tüm kanın tamamen çekilmiş bir şekilde bulunmasından sonra olmuştur. Benzeri olaylar ilk olarak Porto Rico ve Meksika da görülmüş, daha sonra ABD, Şili ve Nikaragua'da da benzer vakalara rastlanmıştır. Her ne kadar bu tip bulgular olsa da meydana gelen evcil hayvan ölümleri tam olarak açıklanamamış ve olayların üstündeki sır perdesi tam olarak kaldırılamamıştır. Asıl adı El Chupacabra olan bu varlık söylenene göre Latin Amerika'da küçükbaş hayvan ve kümes hayvanlarına saldırıp kanlarını tüketene kadar içtikten sonra bırakıyor. Tam olarak ne olduğu hala bilinmese de ortada birçok teori var. Chupacabra'nın genetik bir deneyin sonucu oluşan yaratık ve uzaylı yaratık olduğuna da inanılıyor. Chupacabra efsanesi, ilk olarak 1995 yılında Puerto Rica dağlarında duyuldu. Canovanas civarında garip bir yaratık çiftlik hayvanlarının kanını içerek onları öldürmeye başladı. Bulunan hayvanların cesetleri üzerinde kanın çekildiği küçük bir veya birkaç delik bulunmaktaydı. Hayvan cesetlerini inceleyen bir yerel veteriner “Yaralar kamış çubuk girecek kadar ve 8-10 cm kadar derine inmekteydi” diye açıklama yapmıştır. 1995 yılında başlayan esrarengiz katliamlar daha sonraki senelerde de artan oranda sürecektir. Chupacabra'nın saldırısına uğrayan bir kadın, onu koyu kırmızı gözlü, sivri dişli kanguru benzeri bir yaratık olarak tanımlamış tır. Canovanaslı bir başka tanık ise yaratığı “60-70 cm. boyunda dinozorunkine benzer derili, tavuk yumurtası büyüklüğün de kırmızı gözleri olan, uzun sivri dişli ve sivri çeneli geri doğru yatan kafası olan” bir yaratık olarak tarif etmiştir. Evcil keçilere musallat olduğu için ona "Keçiboğan adı" verilmiştir Kasım 1997 senesi içerisinde Puerto Rica'dan yeni Keçiboğan raporları gelmeye başlamıştır. Luis Guadalupe, gördüğü yaratık için “Çirkin bir şeytan gibiydi, havada uçuyordu” kelimelerini kullanmıştır. “Bir yılanınkini anımsatır uzun bir dili vardı” demektedir. Pekiyi bu yaratık neyin nesidir? Bazılarına göre kurttur, bazılarına göre vampir kimine göre ise şeytan veya uzaylı yaratıklardır. Puerto Rico uzun zamanlar Uçan Dairelere ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Amerikan hükümetinin burada bir askeri üs kurduğu ve üsten esrarengiz gemilerin havalandığı anlatılır. Chupacabra'nın görülmesiyle birlikte, şeytanla ilgili efsanelerde bahsi geçen yoğun bir kükürt kokusu etrafı kapladığı söylenmektedir. Tanık Madelyne Tolentino kanguru gibi zıplayan hayvanı gördüğünde, sülfür kokusu aldığını anlatmaktadır. Bazı olaylarda inanılmaz bir güç gösterdiği bilinmektedir. Bir olayda yaratık 3,5×4 metre ebadındaki bir demir kapının menteşelerini attırmıştır. Bir dedikoduya göre ise yaratık çıkardığı koku sayesinde avının hareketsiz kalmasını sağlamaktadır. Böylece onun kanını daha rahat içebilmektedir. Yaratık sadece çiftlik hayvanlarına değil insanlara da saldırmaktadır. Jalisco'da oturan Angel Pulido “büyücü gibi dev bir yarasa tarafından” ısırıldığını bildirmiştir. Ayrıca Meksika'dan Teodora Reyes, Chupacabra'ya ait olduğunu iddia ettiği toprak üzerinde pençe izleri tespit etmiştir. Bu tür kan içme ve vampir olayları Puerto Rico ve Meksiko halkını oldukça korkutmaktadır. Chupacabra'nın gün ışığında mağara veya toprak altında saklanıyor olma ihtimali halkı tedirgin etmektedir. Ne yazık ki, Puerto Rico bir çoğunun içerisine hala girilememiş millerce uzunlukta mağara sistemleriyle örülüdür. Bu da bir Chupacabra avının yapılması imkanını ortadan kaldırmaktadır. Puerto Rico'da yaratığı aramaya oldukça gönüllü biri vardır. Canovanas Belediye Başkanı: Jose Soto. Başkanın 30 cm uzunlukta bir hac ile silahlanarak kendini korumaya aldığı söylencesi yaygındır. Tüm bunlar oldukça komik gibi görülse bile Puerto Rico halkının olay karşısında duyduğu korkunun neticesi olduğu açıktır. "Keçi yiyen"in görüldüğü zamanlar El Chupacabra'da 1970'lere dayansa da ünü 1990'larda hızla internette yayıldı. 1995'te Puerto Rico'da çiftçilerin tavuk ördek hindi tavşan ve keçilerini öldüren yaratığın bulunması için polise başvuranların sayısı artınca gerginlik arttı. Vahşi hayvanların çiftlik hayvanlarını nasıl öldürdüğünü bilen çiftçiler yakın zamanda olanların metodunun farklı olduğunu iddia ettiler. Yemek için öldürmeyen bu yaratığı görenlerin tanımlamalarında ‘şempanze boyutlarında kanguru gibi zıplıyor parlayan büyük gözleri gri bir derisi ve kıllı elleri yılan dili gibi uzun bir dili keskin pençeleri omurgasının üstünde kirpi gibi dikenleri var' gibi tabirler kullanılıyor. 90'ların sonunda bu olaylar arttı ve Meksika, Güney Texas, Güney Amerika ülkelerinin birkaçında ve Şili'deki olaylardan bu yaratık sorumlu tutuldu. Meksika ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde Durum Ne Alemde Amerika'daki olaylar Meksika'daki olaylarla inanılamayacak kadar benzer özellikler göstermektedir. İlk gelen rapora göre Arizona, Tuscon'da Billy Nubian'ın iki keçisine gece yarısı bir yaratık tarafından saldırılmıştır. Billy yaratığın büyük bir fare gibi olduğunu, projektör ışığını üzerine çevirdiğinde insan gibi bir çığlık atarak oradan uzaklaştığını söylemiştir. Kaliforniya, Texas, Baya Kaliforniya ve Miami'den benzeri Chupacabra raporları alınmaktadır. Baya Kaliforniya'da boğazında iki delik bulunan hayvan cesetleri bulunmuştur. Gelen raporlar göre bir köpek ölüsü bulunmuştur. Miami'de bir gecede tam 69 adet çiftlik hayvanı katledilmiştir. Hayvanlar Sweetwater bölgesinde yaşayan iki çiftliğe aittir ve sahipleri bu işi Chupacabra'nın yaptığına inandıklarını televizyonda açıklamışlardır. Panama'da, Daisy Arauz; evin köpeğinin Chupacabra tarafından katledildiğini açıklamıştır. Tüm ülkede boğazında delikler bulunan hayvan ölüleri rapor edilmiştir. Elizabeth Seavedra gece yarısı bir Chupacabra'nın saldırısına maruz kaldığını iddia etmektedir. Brezilya'da oldukça kuvvetli Chupacabra olayları olmaktadır. 29 Haziran 1997 yılında Brezilya televizyonunda Chupacabra ile ilgili bir program yapılmıştır. Brezilya'da bir çok Keçiboğan olayına değinilmiş, hatta birinin ölü ele geçtiği haber konusu edilmiştir. İki adam geceleyin balık avlarken gölden bir yaratığın çıktığını görmüşler. Ne olduğunu anlayamamışlar ve üzerine ateş etmişlerdir. Ertesi sabah Chupacabra'nın ölüsünü bulmuşlardır. Hayvanın kafasını koparmışlar ve saklamışlardır. Programda tanıklar kafayı halka göstermişlerse de, hayvanın diğer kısımlarını ve kemiklerinin tahlil için verilmesini reddetmişlerdir. Fellow researchers, investigating UFO sightings in Puerto Rico in the early 1990's, stumbled upon reports by local residents of a strange, dog-like creation who would attack their prey and suck the blood dry. As the concept of animal mutilations was being investigated at the time, and remains an ongoing mystery, they reported their findings to me and other researchers back in the US. Thus I first heard about the animal soon to be named "Chupacabra". Chupacabras, in my opinion, fall under the heading cryptozoology, without alien connection. Based on reliefs found in Europe and Mesoamerica, some researchers equate the appearance of the chupacabras to that of a gargoyle, leading one to believe the creatures were also part of the history of Medieval Europe and linked to evil spirits. Today investigators go in search of the chupacabra to capture and study these elusive animals. It is the part of the quest of humanity through the paranormal to explains who we are and why we are here. The term "Chupacabra" can be roughly translated as "goat-sucker." It is known as both "chupacabras" and "chupacabra" throughout the Americas, with the former probably being the original word, and the latter a better regularization of it. The name can be preceded by the masculine definite article ("el chupacabras"), or the plural masculine article ("los chupacabras"). The term was supposedly coined by Puerto Rican television personality Silverio Pérez, who intended the name to be a joke. Physical descriptions of the creature vary. Sightings began in Puerto Rico in the early 1990s, and have since been reported as far north as the Carolinas and as far south as Chile.Though some argue that the chupacabra may be a real creature, mainstream scientists and experts generally contend that the chupacabra is a legendary creature, or a type of urban legend. The chupacabra is a cryptid said to inhabit parts of the Latin America. It is associated particularly with Puerto Rico (where it was first reported), Mexico, Chile, Brazil and the United States, especially in the latter's Latin American communities and Maine. The name translates literally from the Portuguese and Spanish as "goat-sucker". It comes from the creature's reported habit of attacking and drinking the blood of livestock, especially goats. The actual meaning of the word "chypacabra" is goat eater. Physical descriptions of the creature vary. Sightings began in Puerto Rico in the early 1990s, and have since been reported as far north as Maine, and as far south as Chile. Though some argue that the chupacabras may be real creatures, mainstream scientists and experts generally contend that the chupacabra is a legendary creature, or a type of urban legend. The legend of cipi chupacabra began in about 1992, when Puerto Rican newspapers El Vocero and El Nuevo Dia began reporting the killings of many different types of animals, such as birds, horses, and as its name implies, goats. However, it is predated by El Vampiro de Moca (The Vampire of Moca), a creature blamed for similar killings that occurred in the small town of Moca in the 1970s. While at first it was suspected that the killings were done randomly by some members of a Satanic cult, eventually these killings spread around the island, and many farms reported loss of animal life. The killings had one pattern in common: Each of the animals found dead had two punctured holes around its neck. Soon after the animal deaths in Puerto Rico, other animal deaths were reported in other countries, such as the Dominican Republic, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Honduras, El Salvador, Panama, Peru, Brazil, the United States and, most notably, Mexico. Both in Puerto Rico and Mexico, "el chupacabra" gained urban legend status. Chupacabra stories began to be released several times in American and Hispanic newscasts across the United States, and chupacabra merchandise, such as T-shirts and baseball caps, were sold. The chupacabra is generally treated as a product of mass hysteria, though the animal mutilations are sometimes real. Like many cases of such mutilations, however, it has been argued that they are often not as mysterious as they might first appear, and in fact, a series of tests showcased by the National Geographic Channel in a show about the chupacabra pointed to the obvious conclusion that every single "animal mutilation" can be explained by either people killing them or, more likely, other animals eating them. The loss of blood may be explained by insects drinking it. The first reported attacks occurred in March 1995 in Puerto Rico. In this attack, eight sheep were discovered dead, each with three puncture wounds in the chest area and completely drained of blood. A few months later, in August, an eyewitness, Madelyne Tolentino, reported seeing the creature in the Puerto Rican town of Canóvanas, when as many as 150 farm animals and pets were reportedly killed. In 1975, similar killings in the small town of Moca, were attributed to El Vampiro de Moca (The Vampire of Moca). Initially it was suspected that the killings were committed by a Satanic cult; later more killings were reported around the island, and many farms reported loss of animal life. Each of the animals had their bodies bled dry through a series of small circular incisions. Puerto Rican comedian and entrepreneur Silverio Pérez is credited with coining the term chupacabras soon after the first incidents were reported in the press. Shortly after the first reported incidents in Puerto Rico, other animal deaths were reported in other countries, such as the Dominican Republic, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Brazil, United States, and Mexico. Allegedly Descriptions appearance Descriptions of the physical appearance of each specimen can resemble descriptions of other reports, or be completely different from other chupacabra descriptions. Differences in descriptions are too wide to be attributed to differences in the perceptions of the observers, causing cryptozoologists to speculate that chupacabra reports may in fact be attributable to several species. Although they have different appearances, chupacabra descriptions have several common traits. They are typically described as being 3 ft. (1 m) or taller, and roughly humanoid in shape. Usually, chupacabras are said to appear in three specific forms: The first and most common form is a lizard-like being, appearing to have leathery or scaly greenish-gray skin and sharp spines or quills running down its back. This form stands approximately 3 to 4 feet (1 to 1.2 m) high, and stands and hops in a similar fashion to a kangaroo. In at least one sighting, the creature hopped 20 feet (6 m). This variety is said to have a dog or panther-like nose and face, a forked tongue protruding from it, large fangs, and to hiss and screech when alarmed, as well as leave a sulfuric stench behind. When it screeches, some reports note that the chupacabra's eyes glow an unusual red, then give the witnesses nausea. The second variety bears a resemblance to a wallaby or dog standing on its hind legs. It stands and hops as a kangaroo, and it has coarse fur with greyish facial hair. The head is similar to a dog's, and its mouth has large teeth. The third form is described as a strange breed of wild dog. This form is mostly hairless, has a pronounced spinal ridge, unusually pronounced eye sockets, teeth, and claws. This animal is said to be the result of interbreeding between several populations of wild dogs, though enthusiasts claim that it might be an example of a dog-like reptile. The account during the year 2001 in Nicaragua of a chupacabra's corpse being found supports the conclusion that it is simply a strange breed of wild dog. The alleged corpse of the animal was found in Tolapa, Nicaragua, and forensically analyzed at UNAN-Leon. Pathologists at the University found that it was just an unusual-looking dog. There are very striking morphological differences between different breeds of dog, which can easily account for the strange characteristics. Some reports claim the chupacabra's red eyes have the ability to hypnotize and paralyze their prey�;leaving the prey animal mentally stunned, allowing the chupacabra to suck the animal's blood at its leisure. The effect is similar to the bite of the vampire bat, or of certain snakes or spiders that stun their prey with venom. Unlike conventional predators, the chupacabras sucks all the animal's blood (and sometimes organs) through a single hole or two holes. Many residents of South America have reported sightings of El Chupacabras, and although various, the descriptions share some significant likenesses. In many reports, accounts include the visible inflation of the stomach region, after El Chupacabras has been feeding. The appearance of the animal changes when an internal bladder-like organ fills with the blood of its prey. Furthermore, with almost all the reported sightings witnesses have reported large protruding fangs. These fangs are suspected to be hollow and be the vehicles for the blood on which it feeds. In July 2004, a rancher near San Antonio, Texas, killed a hairless dog-like creature, which was attacking his livestock. This animal, initially given the name the Elmendorf Beast, was later determined by DNA assay conducted at University of California, Davis to be a coyote with demodectic or sarcoptic mange. In October 2004, two more carcasses were found in the same area. Biologists in Texas examined samples from the two carcasses and determined they were also coyotes suffering from very severe cases of mange. In Coleman, Texas, a farmer named Reggie Lagow caught an animal in a trap he set up after the deaths of a number of his chickens and turkeys. The animal was described as resembling a mix of hairless dog, rat, and kangaroo. Lagow provided the animal to Texas Parks and Wildlife officials for identification, but Lagow reported in a September 17, 2006 phone interview with John Adolfi, founder of the Lost World Museum, that the "critter was caught on a Tuesday and thrown out in Thursday's trash." In April 2006, MosNews reported that the chupacabra was spotted in Russia for the first time. Reports from Central Russia beginning in March 2005 tell of a beast that kills animals and sucks out their blood. Thirty-two turkeys were killed and drained overnight. Reports later came from neighboring villages when 30 sheep were killed and had their blood drained. Finally, eyewitnesses were able to describe the chupacabra. In May 2006, experts were determined to track the animal down. In mid-August 2006, Michelle O'Donnell of Turner, Maine, described an "evil looking" rodent-like animal with fangs that had been found dead alongside a road. The animal was apparently struck by a car, and was unidentifiable. Photographs were taken and witness reports seem to be in relative agreement that the creature was canine in appearance, but in widely published photos seemed unlike any dog or wolf in the area. Photos from other angles seem to show a chow- or akita-mixed breed dog. It was reported that "the carcass was picked clean by vultures before experts could examine it". For years, residents of Maine have reported a mysterious creature and a string of dog maulings. In May 2007, a series of reports on national Colombia news reported more than 300 dead sheep in the region of Boyaca, and the capture of a possible specimen to be analyzed by zoologists at the National University of Colombia. In August 2007, Phylis Canion found three animals in Cuero, Texas. She and her neighbors reported to have discovered three strange animal carcasses outside Canion's property. She took photographs of the carcasses and preserved the head of one in her freezer before turning it over for DNA analysis. Canion reported that nearly 30 chickens on her farm had been exsanguinated over a period of years, a factor which led her to connect the carcasses with the chupacabra legend. State Mammologist John Young estimated that the animal in Canion's pictures was a Gray Fox suffering from an extreme case of mange. In November 2007, biology researchers at Texas State University–San Marcos determined from DNA samples that the suspicious animal was a coyote. The coyote, however, had grayish-blue, mostly hairless skin and large fanged teeth, which caused it to appear different from a normal coyote. Additional skin samples were taken to attempt to determine the cause of the hair loss. On January 11, 2008, a sighting was reported at the province of Capiz in the Philippines. Some of the residents from the barangay believed that it was the chupacabra that killed eight chickens. The owner of the chickens saw a dog-like animal attacking his chickens. On August 8, 2008, a DeWitt County deputy, Brandon Riedel, filmed an unidentifiable animal along back roads near Cuero, Texas on his dashboard camera. The animal was about the size of a coyote but was hairless with a long snout, short front legs and long back legs. However, Reiter's boss, Sherrif Jode Zavesky, believes it may be the same species of coyote identified by Texas State University–San Marcos researchers in November 2007. In September 2009, CNN aired a report showing closeup video footage of an unidentified dead animal. The same CNN report stated that locals have begun speculating the possibility that this might be a chupacabra. A Texas taxidermist reported that he received the body from a former student whose cousin had discovered the animal in his barn, where it had succumbed to poison left out for rodents. The taxidermist expressed his belief that this is a genetically mutated coyote. On September 18, 2009. Taxidermist, Jerry Ayer, sold the Blanco Texas Chupacabra to the Lost World Museum. The museum, reported in the Syracuse Post Standard on 9/26/09, is placing the creature on display as they work with a unnamed university to have the remains tested. Certain South American rain forest natives believe in the "mosquito man", a mythical creature of their folklore that pre-dates modern chupacabra sightings. The mosquito-man sucks the blood from animals through his long nose, like a big mosquito. Some say mosquito-man and the chupacabra are one and the same. One story states that in September of 2006, a hotel employee named Valerie Pauls of Albuquerque, New Mexico was startled by a hissing noise upon arriving for work at about 7:00 in the morning. She glanced up to the sixth floor roof of the Amerisuites Hotel. She saw two glowing red eyes peering down upon her. The creature resembled a gargoyle, and smelled of sulphur. The creature terrified Ms. Pauls as it continued hissing and flashing neon colors. She became dizzy and disoriented. She managed to return to her vehicle as the alleged Chupacabra descended upon her vehicle. The creature broke the windshield before leaping back up unto the roof of the hotel and vanishing.[verification needed] Notable sightings in the United States include one reported by multiple eye-witnesses in Calaveras County, California, and at a recent birthday celebration of a Development Team member of a local charity in Houston, Texas. According to these reports, the creature was sighted for the first time in the early to mid 1990s, harming animals of different species. However, it is now thought that the people did this themselves.[verification needed] In 2005, Isaac Espinoza spent close to $6 million of his own money trying to track down the chupacabra. He lived in the jungles of South America for eight months with a team of researchers, video and print journalists and local guides. During the course of the expedition the team had several close encounters with a creature that the researchers were not able to identify. The team was able to capture several of their encounters with the creature on film and it has all been turned over to the University of Texas for analysis. Hugo Mata, a professor of cryptozoology at the University of Texas, has said the hair and skin samples submitted by the team do not match any known species for that part of the world. In July 2004, a rancher near San Antonio, Texas, killed a hairless, dog-like creature which was attacking his livestock. This creature is now known as the Elmendorf Creature. It was later determined to be a canine of some sort, most likely a coyote, with demodectic mange. In October 2004, two animals which closely resemble the Elmendorf Creature were observed in the same area. The first was dead, and a local zoologist who was called to identify the animal noticed the second while she was travelling to the location where the first was found. Specimens were studied by biologists in Texas. The creatures are thought to have been canines of undetermined species with skin problems and facial deformities. In Albuquerque, New Mexico, A 42 year old woman (Rebecca Tuggle) was on the way to her car when she heard a mysterious hissing noise. As she turned around she was terrified to see a creature partially resembling a lizard, a kangaroo, and a bat, with "rainbow-colored" spines running down its back. The creature stood 3-4' tall and grunted at her. The creature's hissing noise nauseated her and she nearly fainted. As with other sightings, the eyes were said to glow red and the animal smelled of a sulfuric substance. The chupacabra has often been spotted in Michigan. A recent sighting occurred in Grand Haven, when a 42-year-old man claimed he saw it suck the blood out of a cat. A famous appearance in the city of Varginha, Brazil, (the "Varginha incident") is sometimes attributed to the chupacabra, although cryptozoologists more frequently associate the incident with extraterrestrials. In 1997, an explosion of chupacabra sightings in Brazil was reported in Brazilian newspapers. One report came from a police officer, who claimed to get a nauseous feeling when he saw a dog-like chupacabra in a tree.[verification needed] Recently, there has been a surge of chupacabra sightings in the United States, specifically in the suburbs of Washington, D.C., and outside of the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania area. However, controversy exists whether these chupacabra sightings are legitimate. "Chupacabra" Shot in Texas Pollok, Texas - What are the strange, unidentified grey-blue animals that people keep seeing and shooting in Texas? In May 2004, Elmendorf, Texas farmer, Devin McAnally, shot an animal eating mulberries that he also thought was killing his chickens. Devin was amazed that his bullets did not cause bleeding on the strange, grey body. I had investigated the "chupacabras" mystery on a trip to Puerto Rico in 1996. Many locals described a grey-colored kangaroo-like creature with long teeth which was blamed for hundreds of punctures in chickens, rabbits and other farm animals, including some goats and dogs that were still alive after bloodless holes had been made in their forehead bone or neck. At the time, I talked about the Elmendorf photographs with a San Antonio Zoo spokesman who said it was definitely not a coyote, but he did not know what it was. Some of the Elmendorf tissue was shipped to the University of California-Davis Veterinarian Genetics Laboratory for DNA analysis and results are pending. Now we've got both another dead animal that closely resembles the Elmendorf creature and a sighting of one of the creatures alive only one-quarter mile away from the site where this animal was shot on October 8. It was at the Pollok, Texas, home of the Womack family. Mrs. Womack's daughter, Stacey Womack, lives twenty miles away in Lufkin where she worked for 20 years as a vet technician and three years in the early 1990s as a zoo keeper at the Ellen Trout Zoo in Lufkin. Today she is a dog breeder. Stacey has a lot of experience with animals around Lufkin and Pollok and could not understand what her mother meant when she called Tracey in a very emotional state on Friday afternoon, October 8, asking her daughter to come help because there was a strange animal under the house. Report from Stacey Womack, dog breeder and former veterinarian tech assistant, Lufkin, Texas: "My mother was just sort of hysterical because they had killed something under the house and they did not know what it was. I thought, 'This is the most ridiculous thing I've ever heard.' They don't know whether it's a coyote or a dog?! I told my mother I would come out there and bring my digital camera. About one-quarter mile from my mother's house, I had to hit my breaks because an animal crossed the road in front of me and it was running with its head down and its tail down and it did not have any hair. It was a strange looking sight and my daughter-in-law was with me and she wanted to know if it was a wolf. I told her it wasn't a wolf and it was too large for a fox. So, we went on to my mother's house and went around to the back and there was the same animal an animal identical to what ran across the road. It was on the ground after they had just killed it and there was almost no blood. It was just red where the shot had went in (the eye). I was just totally dumbfounded when I saw it. At first glance, you would think of a deer's head on a kangaroo's body. The ears were real thick and large. It did not have any hair on it. The skin tissue was necrotic. It was just awful. I did not know what it was." In Coleman, Texas, a farmer named Reggie Lagow caught an unknown animal in a trap he set up after the deaths of a number of his chickens and turkeys. The animal appeared to be a mix between a hairless dog, a rat and a kangaroo. The mystery animal was reported to be to Texas Parks and Wildlife in hopes of determining what it was, but Lagow said in a September 17th, 2006, phone interview with John Adolfi, founder of the Lost World Museum, that the "critter was caught on a Tuesday and thrown out in Thursday's trash." In November of 2005 , A motocross racer named Kolt Jarrett spotted a medium sized to small sized creature in Floresville, Texas, At the Cycle Ranch Motocross Park. He was with seven other friends in a golf cart on trails near back of the park. Kolt spotted in in tall grass and small sapling which were folding over like it was as strong as an oxe. Kolt described it having spikes down its back with a wierd shaped head, with possibly having horns. It was a brownish red and had wierd shaped objects,possibly wings, on its sides. Kolt belived it to be the El Chupacabra. In Septemeber of 2006, in High Rolls, New Mexico, near Alamogordo, A roper Trey Rogers spotted what he belived was the El Chupacabra. He was out in the forest with his paint ball gun looking for game when he spotted a medium sized brown redish-animal that had spikes down its back and wings on its side. Before Trey could get a shot it took off at the speed or fastest than the quickest rabbit. It was the fastest thing Trey had ever seen. In April of 2006, MosNews reported that the chupacabra was spotted in Russia for the first time. Reports from Central Russia beginning in March 2005 tell of a beast that kills animals and sucks out their blood. Thirty-two turkeys were killed and drained overnight. Reports later came from neighboring villages when 30 sheep were killed and had their blood drained. Finally eyewitnesses were able to describe the chupacabra. In May of 2006, experts were determined to track the animal down. In mid-August 2006, Michelle O'Donnell of Turner, Maine, described an "evil looking" dog-like creature with fangs found along side a road, apparently struck by a car, but it was otherwise unidentifiable. Photographs were taken and several witness reports seem to be in relative agreement that the creature was canine in appearance, but unlike any dog or wolf in the area. The carcass was picked clean by vultures before experts could examine it. For years, residents of Maine have reported a mysterious creature and a string of dog maulings. On September 2006, the Lost World Museum acquired the remains of what may be a Chupacabra. Spotted, hunted and killed in late August 2006, 15 yr. old Geordie Decker and 16 yr. old Josh Underwood of Berkshire, New York handed over the bones of a small fox like beast that hopped, had yellow eyes and an orange strip of hair going down its almost bald gray back, to Museum owner John Adolfi. Its bones are currently on display on the Lost World Museum's web site while further examination and investigation continues. The most common description of Chupacabra is a reptile-like being, appearing to have leathery or scaly greenish-gray skin and sharp spines or quills running down its back. This form stands approximately 3 to 4 feet (1 to 1.2 m) high, and stands and hops in a similar fashion to a kangaroo. In at least one sighting, the creature was reported to hop 20 feet (6 m). This variety is said to have a dog or panther-like nose and face, a forked tongue, and large fangs. It is said to hiss and screech when alarmed, as well as leave behind a sulfuric stench. When it screeches, some reports assert that the chupacabra's eyes glow an unusual red which gives the witnesses nausea. Another description of Chupacabra, although not as common, describes a strange breed of wild dog. This form is mostly hairless and has a pronounced spinal ridge, unusually pronounced eye sockets, fangs, and claws. It is claimed that this breed might be an example of a dog-like reptile. Unlike conventional predators, the chupacabra is said to drain all of the animal's blood (and sometimes organs) through a single hole or two holes. Some cryptozoologists speculate that chupacabras are alien creatures. Chupacabras are widely described as otherworldly, and, according to one witness report, NASA may be involved with this particular alien's residency on earth. The witness reported that NASA passed through an area in Latin America, with a trailer that was thought to contain an incarcerated creature. There have also been UFOs seen where chupacabras have been at the same time on occasion. Others speculate that the creature is an escaped pet of alien visitors that wandered off while its master was visiting Earth. The Chupacabra does have a slight resemblance to the Greys, which could mean that they are somehow related. Some people in the island of Puerto Rico believe that the chupacabras were a genetic experiment from some United States' government agency, which escaped from a secret laboratory in El Yunque, a mountain in the east part of the island when the laboratory was damaged during a severe storm in the early 1990's. The US military have had a large presence across Puerto Rico since the 1930's, with bases on the island used as Research and Development facilities (amongst other things) up to the present day. The lethal agent orange chemicals were tested by the US on the crops of Puerto Rico in widespread crop-spraying operations, all performed without notifying local people or farmers, and the efficacy and safety of contraceptive medicines was also secretly tested on islanders who had no knowledge of their 'guinea pig' status at all. ("UFO's Strangest Mysteries", Discovery Science) This may explain some of this alleged paranoia. Another possibility would involve giant vampire bats of which a few fossils have been found in South-America. An alternative explanation is that the creatures are not real at all, and the sightings are either a product of superstition and imagination, or simply other animals that have been wrongly identified. Bu sayfa hakkında yorum ekle: |Bu sayfa hakkındaki yorumlar:| |Yorumu gönderen: Dragon_Wolf1323, 25.05.2014, 07:58 (UTC):| Resimler doğru olabilir Photoshop da. Ama kimse "bu kesin çupakabra'' diyemez |Yorumu gönderen: ProbLeéM, 07.12.2010, 17:28 (UTC):| Off xD bnce bunLar satanistLerin işi! xD ritüellerinde kullanıyor olabilirler |Yorumu gönderen: Akhenaton, 14.11.2010, 12:06 (UTC):| "Mundaremen" konusu hakkında daha fazla bilgi toplayıp bana gönderirsen, "efsanevi yaratıklar" kategorisinde güzel bir boşluğu doldururdu... |Yorumu gönderen: anadolu_cocugu, 03.11.2010, 16:16 (UTC):| bayburt ve gümüşhane dolaylarında buna benzer bir hayvan "mundaremen" adıyla bilinir. başı boş bırakılan yada sürüden ayrılan hayvanlara musallat olan, uzun kuyruğunu hayvanların bacaklarına dolayıp pençelerini de gövdelerine geçirerek hayvanın kanı bitene kadar emerlermiş. eğer uzaylılarsa dünyanın her yerinde görülmeleri normal zaten. |Yorumu gönderen: Göksen Merey, 05.02.2010, 14:20 (UTC):| resimdeki köpek bir çeşit uyuz hastalığı sonucu tüylerini kaybetmiş ve deriside deformasyona uğramış öldükten sonrada iyice leşe dönmüş olabilir. diğer resimler palavra gibi. |Yorumu gönderen: ayşegül, 11.10.2009, 07:58 (UTC):| offf..çok korkunç görünüyor,bir o kadarda hayret verici.acaba bilimsel deneylerin bir ürünümü?meksikada ki uzaylı yaratığı andırdı bana bir an.ne garip yaratıklar var.hani bazen hollywood filmleriyle bu söylentiler ne kadar örtüşüyor,iyice şaşırıyorum.bilimsel deneylerin sonucu garip yaratıklar meydana gelir bunlar akıllıdırda,kaçarlar sonra dehşet saçarlar.şükür ki bunlan hep amerika kıtasındadır bu tarafa atlamaz(?) |Yorumu gönderen: şakirt, 11.10.2009, 07:13 (UTC):| vaaaaaoooov :D belkide sapkın bir inancın ürünleridir bunlar bir grup genç hayvanların kanlarını emiyorlardır halkda olayı gözünde büyütüyor olabilir ama böyle şeylerde olabilir

After six posts on the subject of the Phoenicians in America, I am beginning to lose track of the posts, (they are all called the same "Phoenicians in Patagonia X". So to tidy things up and make it easy to find what we are looking for, this post will be the index and will appear as the link in the left sidebar menu. Every time I post on Phoenicians, it will appear here in this index: The inscriptions in Patagonia. - Phoenicians in Patagonia. The first post. A strange stone with a giant snake and semitic symbols on it, hints that the Phoenicians may have visited Patagonia. - Newspaper Articles dated on the stones dated 1987. On the strange inscriptions on stones kept at the Museo Regional at Rawson, Chubut, Patagonia. Apparently they are "Aramaic". - Tehuelche rock art with Phoenician symbols (such as ⵣ). There are strange engraved stones with symbols resembling the Phoenician alphabet in Patagonia. Could they mean that Phoenicians visited the region? Could they have transmitted their myths to the locals and therefore impact on cryptozoology? - Yaz symbol (ⵣ) at Lake Puelo Chubut. The symbol was found carved on a rock at Lake Puelo in 1906... - Tehuelche sculptures with Phoenician symbols. (Cont). Tehuelche sculptures with Phoenician symbols. - Patagonian Lady of Elche. Patagonian Lady of Elche similar to the original one found in Spain dated to 500 BC, and its link to Phoenician symbols such as Yaz (ⵣ). - A genuine Tehuelche sculpture. The real Tehuelche engraved stones are much coarser and lack the refined bas relief style of those mentioned above. - Tehuelche rock inscriptions, comparison to the alleged "Phoenician" ones. Genuine Tehuelche rock inscriptions are very different to those of a supposed Phoenician origin as can be seen in these images... - Map and details on the location of Patagonia's Phoenician stones. The stones were found in Chubut, at different locations. Could these sites give us some clue on their origin? Phoenicians in America - Phoenicians, an introduction. Phoenicians an introductory summary: their home base, trade and navigation skills. - Phoenician colonies across the Atlantic. Ancient historians and geographers (Diodorus and Strabo) wrote about Phoenicians sailing across the Atlantic towards an "island" far from Africa, and setting up colonies there. Could it be America? - Phoenician navigation skills and Brazil. Did they have the ability to sail across the Atlantic? Brazil and the red dye connection to the Phoenicians. Ophir and the gold trail between King Solomon and Brazil. - Aristotle on America. Aristotle wrote about a mysterious island discovered by the Carthaginians in the Atlantic Ocean, it seems to be a continent. Is it America? - Phoenician inscriptions in Brazil. Part 1. At Pedra da Gavea in Rio de Janeiro there are some alleged Phoenician inscriptions. - Phoenician inscriptions in Brazil. Part 2. The mysterious Paraiba (or Parahyba) Phoenician inscription telling about some stranded Phoenician mariners who on their way around Africa landed in Brazil. - Phoenician inscription at Rochedo dos Arvoredos, Brazil. Closer to Patagonia, an alleged Phoenician rock inscription at Santa Catarina, Rochedo dos Arvoredos island... Cryptozoology and the "Phoenicians" in Patagonia - Analysis of Phoenician or Celtic? - Tehuelche snakes in Patagonia. Snakes depicted in engraved stones found in Patagonia are usually given a Celtic or Phoenician origin. In this post we review the snake cult of Celts and Phoenicians. - Horned Gods of the Patagonian natives, a link to the Phoenicians. The Patagonian natives had horned gods (despite the fact that there are no cow-like creatures in the region. These bear an uncanny resemblance to Phoenician gods... - Tehuelche inscribed stone with cryptid and Phoenician characters. An engraved stone shows a strange crytpid, dog or horse-like as well as Phoenician characters... Patagonian Monsters - Cryptozoology, Myths & legends in Patagonia2011 International Year of Forests Copyright 2009-2011 by Austin Whittall ©

Monday, December 28, 2009 I have just returned from a short Christmas break in Bariloche. It was a wonderful long weekend in Patagonia. Summer has just begun and flowers are blooming all over the place. The forest fresh and fragrant. Lake Nahuel Huapi with its fantastic deep blue color and white capped waves. Windy, sunny, cloudy, warm during the day, cold at night the typical Patagonian weather! Sadly I did not have the chance to see anything strange in the lake (i.e. Nahuelito) or any weird beings in the woods, however I had the chance to go to Bariloche’s Museum (Museo de la Patagonia “Francisco P. Moreno”) where I took some good photographs which will be included in future posts. I also bought some nice books on my favorite subject (Patagonia) and one of them has given me some interesting information on exotic creatures introduced into the Nahuel Huapi area in the early 1900s which I did not know about and may be of interest to those seeking an answer to the Nahuelito cryptid mystery. Just a quick escape with my wife from the hectic megalopolis of Buenos Aires (with its hot and sticky December days of over 30°C – 86°F). The good news is that my book on Patagonian cryptids is finished. Yes, I formally concluded writing, editing, checking, updating and fidgeting with it. It is finished. Now I will embark on the process of printing it. By the way, its title is: Patagonian Monsters. A guide to its Giants, Dwarves, Lake Creatures and Mythical Beasts I will keep you updated on this undertaking, which, I imagine will not be an easy task. Copyright 2009 by Austin Whittall ©

Welcome to Weezy Week on Soundcheck! (All week, Soundcheck is paying tribute to the unusual life and career of Lil Wayne in a series of features we're calling Weezy Week.) In late December 2010, I got a tip that one of the biggest rappers in the world was hosting a last-minute New Year’s Eve party at Club Empire in Ybor City. The club’s owner said it was a done deal. He put me in touch with a promoter who not only confirmed the news, he handed the phone to an even tighter source. “I will be in Tampa, bringing in the new year at Empire nightclub,” said the familiar, crusty croak on the other end of the line. “We just gonna show up, do our thing. We’ll probably hang out for a minute. Then I gotta get back to Atlanta.” Wow, I remember thinking. That was Lil Wayne. Except ... it wasn’t. The whole thing was a scam — part of a series of scams, actually, in which con artists claiming to be Lil Wayne’s handlers would rip off clubs by purporting to book the hip-hop icon for concerts and appearances. The scam got so bad, so prevalent, that Weezy’s people had to issue a statement clearing the whole mess up. Many people, including yours truly, got snookered, but can you blame them? When it comes to Lil Wayne, discerning fact from fiction, man from myth, can be a Herculean task. Dwayne Michael Carter Jr. has long been in the discussion for the title of Best Rapper Alive, from his days as a New Orleans hip-hop prodigy through his uber-platinum Tha Carter series. He’s won four Grammys, sold millions of albums and tens of millions of singles, and launched the careers of Drake and Nicki Minaj through his label, Young Money Entertainment. President Obama has said he’s got Weezy on his iPod. But as a pure pop personality, Lil Wayne has grown impossible to pigeonhole. He’s not a larger-than-life mogul like Jay-Z, an antagonistic artiste like Kanye West, a braggadocious behemoth like Rick Ross, a reclusive visionary like Eminem. He’s a cipher, a cryptid, a “Martian” — his word, not ours — whose interests range from skateboarding to sportswriting to beginner-level rock guitar. He sucks down codeine-laced cocktails like a bronchitic vampire, yet when he’s on, few can match his spry and sprightly command of the mic. But critics say all of Wayne’s outside interests are getting in the way of his once-boundless creativity. His legal troubles and increasingly erratic behavior have made him a target for tabloids like TMZ, which in March reported he was near death following a series of seizures. This year alone, he’s launched a feud with the Miami Heat, been fired as a spokesman for Mountain Dew and released his 10th studio album, I Am Not a Human Being II, to some of the worst reviews of his career. His croaky delivery has grown muddier; his rhymes, once so blazingly witty and playful, more profane. “In a couple of years’ span, he became the Lil Wayne, and not just Lil Wayne the artist,” said Orlando Davis, program director and morning host at hip-hop station Wild 94.1. “And a lot of the press has been less about his proficiency in metaphor and verse, and more with the extracurricular stuff. That’s the gift and the curse of becoming famous.” With Lil Wayne's America's Most Wanted Tour hitting Tampa's MidFlorida Credit Union Amphitheatre on Saturday (click here for details), we decided to spend the week looking back at the rapper's life and career with a series of features we're calling Weezy Week. Keep an eye out here all week for some little-known facts, recaps of past visits to Tampa Bay, and stories about Lil Wayne from personalities who've gotten to know him. -- Jay Cridlin, tbt*

Lorca also known in the circus world as Cryptid Kid - fell in love with aerial silks in college, and decided to begin dance training into the world of circus and sideshow arts. Lorca has performed, choreographed, and taught as an aerialist and dancer in the University of Chicago's student circus troupe for four years, and continues to train in circus arts for continued education. Performing acts are bold, gender-bending, and surreal, and they're practiced with helping students build repertoire that matches their unique styles and aesthetic. Lorca also spins contact staff, performs fire-eating and fire-fleshing, and is a visual artist. Feel free to ask them about these pursuits should you meet them skulking around the city, and join them in class to get all wound up on the silks!

Short bursts of intense exercise every few days could dramatically cut the risk of Type 2 diabetes and heart disease, according to an expert. Rather than slaving away for hours in the gym, people should focus their attention on quick "sprints" with each workout lasting just a few minutes. James Timmons, Heriot-Watt University professor of exercise biology has studied the effects of quick exercise. He recommends 4 x 30 second sprints on an exercise bike three times a week. He said people could reduce their risk of diabetes and heart disease substantially with short, intense workouts - with such "time-efficient" exercising appealing to busy workers. An intense workout for a few minutes may keep heart disease and diabetes at bay In his study, published in the journal BMC Endocrine Disorders, 16 men exercised for three sessions a week for two weeks. Each session was made up of 4 x 30 second sprints on an exercise bike. This involved the men going as fast as they could for 30 seconds and then taking a few minutes of complete rest between each sprint. After two weeks, Prof Timmons said the results were "substantial", with a 23% improvement in insulin function. While his research focused on young men, Prof Timmons said it would work for people of all ages and for both men and women. He said: "This study looked at the way we break down stores of glycogen. "Think about diabetes as being glucose circulating in the blood rather than stored in the muscles where it should be. "If we take out the glycogen from the muscles through exercise, then the muscles draw in that excess glucose from the blood." He added: "If you go for a jog or a run you oxidise glycogen but you are not depleting the glycogen in your muscles. "The only way to get to this glycogen is through very intense contractions of the muscles. "If we can get people in their 20s, 30s and 40s doing these exercises twice a week then it could have a very dramatic effect on the future prevalence of diabetes." He said the effects were bigger than the traditional "one hour of running per day". The exercise routine is known as "high-intensity interval training" or HIT for short. Prof Timmons said current guidelines on how much exercise people should take may need revising. Diabetes UK research manager Victoria King said short duration, high-intensity training improved insulin action in young healthy males but the research had only been undertaken in a small group of people without diabetes. She said: "Whilst the improvement in the control of insulin action in those who undertook the training is interesting, it's limited at this stage as to what we can learn." Friday, March 6, 2009 This was one big mother fucker. The bomb was built and eventually tested on October 30, 1961, on the west coast of Novaya Zemlya Island (A... Radial Engines Radial engines are used in aircrafts having propeller connected to the shaft delivering power in order to produce thrust its ... " Comet Elenin, Earth, and the Sun were in exact alignment last year on February 27th. That is when the Chile Earthquake happened, and ... Source Every once in a while archaeologists (and sometimes regular Joes) make some remarkable discoveries. Stunned, they are often unable to... Thanks to the internet, there are numerous pictures and videos on freaky sea creatures out there. The main point of this post is not to debu... Source Bigfoot, the Loch Ness monster, and El Chupacabra are all creatures that are regulated to myth. They have been ignored by mainstream... Source by jewditzsue A cryptid is a creature who may be thought by some people to exist, but is not recognized by the scientific community. ... From Cracked.com By Jake Slocum Oct 02, 2008 2,573,979 views 0 digg The world is a magical place, full of mysteries science may never unde... Source by Steve Quayle Ancient India Puranas and their history are NOT Mythology. it comes from ancient Vedic civilization .What caused ... Source by Stephen King Here are ten of the most terrifying and bizarre creatures to ever, allegedly, walk the Earth. 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Cryptozoology is the quest for unknown, rumored, or hidden animals. Within scientific arenas especially, it is often considered a marginalized practice or a farcical adventure. However, as this exhibition and catalog reveal, it has become a rich yet under-explored theater for artistic investigation. While cryptozoology’s most highly recognizable pursuits, known as cryptids, include the Loch Ness Monster, Bigfoot, Yeti, and the Abominable Snowman, there are also less notorious pursuits, such as the believed-to-be-extinct Tasmanian tiger and the rediscovered coelacanth, as well as numerous new discoveries of animals that, once documented, depart from the highly speculative arena of cryptozoology and enter into the classified natural world. The very definition of cryptozoology implies a quest, an adventurous search for something not yet realized or hidden. The preeminent cryptozoologist Loren Coleman has suggested that cryptozoology is the interest in animals out of time, place, or scale, and from this notion we derived the title of the exhibition. "Cryptozoology: Out of Time Place Scale" was first inspired by a studio visit between curator Mark Bessire and artist Sean Foley, soon after Foley’s realization that Loren Coleman, the most celebrated figure associated with contemporary cryptozoology, lived literally around the block from his studio in Portland, Maine. The enthusiasm for this topic spread, something like a growing social contagion, and further conversations with artists Alexis Rockman and Mark Dion and curator Raechell Smith ensued. Over a period of five years, a very diverse group of artists making forays into the seemingly obscure world of cryptozoology was identified, documented, and sought out. With an awareness of the popular and mythical allure of cryptozoology, the artists’ fascination with cryptids and the human search for them long preceded the current explosive interest of the mainstream media. The wondrous assemblage of international artists Rachel Berwick, Sarina Brewer, Walmor Corrêa, Mark Dion, Sean Foley, Joan Fontcuberta, Ellen Lesperance, Robert Marbury, Jill Miller, Vik Muniz, Jeanine Oleson, Rosamond Purcell, Alexis Rockman, Marc Swanson, Jeffrey Vallance, and Jamie Wyeth in a provocative exhibition provides us with a fascinating cross section of multi-dimensional artists whose musings reveal the boundless nature of contemporary art at the beginning of the 21st century. An exhibition environment such as this offers alternative authorities, complex layers, and multiple stories—all serving to smudge the borders and neat delineations of natural history, art, and mythology—and demands a book with range. In this series of essays, we are guided through or led into controversial subject matter by an anthropologist, a cryptozoologist, an art historian, two curators, and an artist to explore and consider a range of issues (presented, represented, or re-presented by the artists) that challenge, among other things, facets of the history of science while, at times, vigilantly defending the theory of evolution. Rivaling the passions and convictions of the artists included in the exhibition, the authors are equally fascinated by the social framing of science, myth, and natural history and the possibility of rethinking the relationships between time, place, and scale through art and science. Reigning in cryptozoology’s tendency to blur the boundaries between science and pseudoscience, anthropologist Loring Danforth provides, through a discussion of Bigfoot, a critical analysis of the ramifications of undermining science, while acknowledging the importance of a healthy critique of authority. As popular culture continues to erode the distinction between fact and fiction, Danforth worries that the degradation of science provides ideologues with ammunition to question evolutionary theory while propagandizing for Intelligent Design. Like many of the artists in the exhibition, he is interested in why myths such as Bigfoot exist and why we persist in exploring the irrational. Cryptozoologist Loren Coleman lends a privileged insider’s view of key events and figures, providing an excellent history of cryptozoology. Moving from Charles Fort, Bernard Heuvelmans, and Ivan T. Sanderson to Coleman himself, and on to Fortean philosophy and definitions of cryptozoology, we learn about the fascinating characters who pioneered interests otherwise neglected, marginalized, and dismissed by mainstream science and natural history. Coleman also reveals to us a defining moment for cryptozoology when, in 1812, the “father of paleontology” Baron George Cuvier stated that “there is little hope of discovering new species of large animals.” Not surprisingly, Coleman rises, as generations of cryptozoologists before him, to the ongoing challenge posed by Cuvier’s statement. He proceeds to outline a lineage of cryptid discoveries made in the ensuing years and sets forth his own vision for the field. Art historian Chris Thompson delves into the legacy of Charles Fort and his influence on contemporary art and philosophy. In discussing Fort’s 1919 book The Damned, Thompson pinpoints the relationship between artistic research and cryptozoology. The great researcher Charles Fort of anomalous phenomena writes of the curious and sometimes acrobatic ends to which early modern science was prepared to go in order to explain the existence of meteorites. During an era in which it was generally inconceivable that material found on earth could have its origin elsewhere, the fact of the meteorite—seemingly proof positive of extraterrestrial input—had to be laboriously reframed by responsible scientists as a freakish accident: lightning striking a particular earthly metal under precisely the right conditions, that sort of thing. Of course evidence only exists in relation to the paradigm that makes it visible; over time enough maverick voices, combining empirical evidence with the theoretical frameworks in which to make it intelligible, produce a shift in scientific convention that lets the fact of the meteorite come to count as reality instead of speculation, outright invention, heresy, or, worse, nonsense. This Fortean space at the margins of mainstream inquiry is where the fields of artistic research and cryptozoology encounter one another. Thompson’s essay continues the discussion with Coleman and some of the artists in the exhibition. For example we learn that Fort’s significance for artist Alexis Rockman is undermined by an oscillation between science and pseudoscience, creating doubt over the scientific method. In the current era, the reality of global warming could very well lead to ecological disaster, and this matter is at the heart of Rockman’s artistic practice and key to Loring Danforth’s argument. Film/video curator Dave Filipi offers a wonderful description of the power of film to encourage responses to the irrational and impossible (a relative term as we move further into the biological millennium). In The Lost World dinosaurs are found to still exist in an outpost isolated from “civilization,” and the premise of Jurassic Park is “what if we could bring dinosaurs back.” If The Lost World was the first film to encourage a mass audience to wonder about the possibility of dinosaurs still existing, then the reality of cloning came alive in Jurassic Park. As a genre, dinosaur films have spawned a host of other films—of cryptids and of natural disasters—and the question “what if” is consistently posed. This “what if” is at the heart of cryptozoology and a common currency among all the works of art in the exhibition. Maverick curator Nato Thompson points out in his essay The Call of the Wild that “with modernism’s increasing focus on the human condition and the image itself, the metaphoric potential of the animal disappeared.” Thompson makes us wonder if the prevalence of animal imagery in contemporary art is a reaction to modernism and/or a symptom of a new period of thought at the new millennium that is interested in metaphor, symbolism, and the apocalypse. Or, is it because a new breed of artists like Mark Dion see their work as not so much about nature but rather about “the manner in which we represent nature”? Clearly the focus is turning toward a concern for the treatment of nature/environment and, even more so, the question of what “nature” is and how “nature” is represented. Thompson cites many exhibitions and numerous contemporary artists who are at the forefront of this philosophical (and artistic) discourse. There is a belief that this area of questioning, rethinking, and presentation has major implications for our planet and the evolving (or devolving) relationship between humankind and nature. Thompson also introduces us to an important recurrent theme ever present throughout this project when he comments on current trends, saying that the “emergence of the animal has paralleled the renewed interest in the Wunderkammer [curiosity cabinet].” As a leading co-conspirator in the project’s development, a participating artist, and essayist, Sean Foley inserts a unique perspective on visual analysis through his practice and interest in cryptozoology. Venturing into literary terrain that encapsulates all the essays, these philosophical writings reveal the project’s fascination with the relationship between the “subjective” and the “visual” and discusses art, myth, science, and the Wunderkammer in light of Francis Bacon and Bruno Latour. In terms of the “subjective” we learn: Art, myth, and, in this case, cryptozoology exist as a hub for emotional, sensual, and provocatively idiosyncratic “what ifs” and experiential open-ended symbolic images. This is the value of the arts: total immersion in subjectivity and a collective safe harbor for experimental, thoroughly considered intellectual constructions. In terms of the “visual,” he states: The dependence on visual similarities and “typing” that cryptozoology uses to qualify its ideas runs dangerously close to problematic 19th-century practices. Under the pretense of science, stereotyped judgments of a person’s race, class, mental health, or aptitude are based on facial features or unusual physical, visual, behaviors. Cryptozoology introduces ideas relating to representation, but avoids using the tools of representation and that often results in fetishizing their subject. In the interest of being considered zoologically legitimate, many cryptozoologists tolerate slightly anomalous data, problematic eyewitness narratives, and ambiguous specimens. Rather than targeting or acknowledging the unscientific methods used to imagine an explanation—symbol, simile, metaphor—they fold everything into their narrative and it becomes a fetish. At best, this tendency can only yield analogies that are generative within the arts and, ironically, not in the scientific community they are trying to convince. It is clearly a tightrope of meaning where one can easily slip between realms of myth and science and fall into the dangerous and fantastical. This situation is made most evident in the Wunderkammer, which terrified Francis Bacon, who desperately wanted science to move away from the subjective. It is interesting that the Wunderkammer is the spine of the visual and philosophical presentation of the exhibition because it also provides a critique of the museum’s tendency toward linear explanations and authority of classification and taxonomical systems. So it should be no surprise when Foley explains: The cultural and scientific production of cryptozoology is most analogous to the Wunderkammer. The culture and prevailing intellectual climate during the 17th-century heyday of the curiosity cabinet was enthralling, stimulating, and logical in a visual sense. Although this often precluded scientific method, it did allow a more intuitive, subjective, and humanistic means of understanding without sacrificing the sense of wonder that propels the curiosityto make or collect. "Cryptozoology: Out of Time Place Scale" has since its inception. At the heart of the project is a desire to revisit and recreate aspects of the visceral and intellectual experience of wonder, recalling the sense of discovery and awe elicited by an encounter with a Wunderkammer, a curiosity cabinets of a bygone era. There is also a strategy of exploring (with equal parts nostalgia, respect, and critique) the shifting strategies and methodologies of the museum institution and its evolving mission(s)—with their varying collection and interpretive strategies focused on natural and cultural history, science, art, or specific bodies of knowledge. The museological practices of agenda, process, and goals examined by the Institutional Critique art movement of the past twenty years serve to acknowledge the shortcomings of certain past and present practices, for example the problematic relationship between the Wunderkammer and standard scientific methods, or the paradigm shifts of exhibition design revealed by the rapid replacement of taxidermy and diorama environments with new technologies and multimedia presentations. The focus on these issues and their impact on their respective disciplines, and on the experience and perceptions of the museum visitor (the consumer of information), has inspired this project to be a productive environment for debate and further inquiry. Perhaps the most complex challenge embedded in the project was the attempt to foster a dialogue and, ultimately, collaboration between multiple divergent elements. An exercise that began with considering, on one level, the collusion of art and science and pseudoscience, for example, was transformed into a dynamic convergence of paths representing many perspectives, many disciplines, and wildly different experiences, qualifications, and expertise. Arguably, something valuable was gained through the sharing of each unique and individual viewpoint and the results have been acknowledged, embraced, and integrated wherever and however possible. We convened to explore cryptozoology because of its rich plethora of parallel themes, ideas, and a wide-ranging cross-section of inspirational sources, much of which is further explored and contextualized in Mark Bessire’s essay Alternative Authorities and the Museum of Wonder. Herein, we find a taxonomical approach of sorts that considers the similarities and differences of the artists and gathers them into three loose groupings—Artists, Adventurers, and Environmentalists; History of Science, Taxonomy, Dioramas, and Museum Display; and Pop Culture, Myth, Spectacle, and Fraud for more focused topical consideration. As Bessire’s essay begins, he states that “cryptozoology is a fascinating zone of inquiry for contemporary artists interested in the fertile margins of the history of science and museums, taxonomy, myth, spectacle, and fraud.” And so, rather than engaging in efforts to prove or disprove anything, we follow the lead of the artists in "Cryptozoology: Out of Time Place Scale," urged by their plea to make an imaginative leap of faith, consciously choosing to explore new or different realms of possibility. In 1812, Cuvier’s statement “there is little hope of discovering new species” suggested an imperative toward the suspension of belief and wonder, urging a move away from contemplating the unknown, the unfeasible, the impossible. In 2006, we are facing a vastly different milieu, somewhat plagued by a weariness of absolute certainties, fatigue from information overload, and concerns over the impact of rapid advances in technology, development, and progress. Perhaps there is a possible, albeit temporary, antidote suggested by the artists in this exhibition and throughout the pages of this catalog: to consider the suspension of disbelief and to favor more engagement with wonder, speculation, and wishful thinking. How can the mysteries and process of the museum exhibition be revealed while searching for a return to the sources of wonder? The curators hope this project will begin to make new discoveries and pose questions that will help foster an agenda for museums in the

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These. 67th Academy Awards , English-language films , Frank Darabont 823 Words | 3 Pages. “A sense of belonging is an fun persuasive essays instinctive human need in all of us” Good morning teachers and students, Finding a place to belong is an integral . element of developing one’s identity ,sense of self, and enriching relationships, which is therefore critical to all of us.To belong is to fit in or to be accepted into a particular group or environment. In order to belong similarities and connections must be felt within that group. University Certificate. The play ‘Rainbow’s End ’ by Jane Harrison, the novel ‘The boy in essays the Stripped. New York University Creative Writing Certificate. 79th Academy Awards , Beauty contest , Family 1310 Words | 4 Pages. Essay Ul Fitr. individuals through a vast range of new york creative writing certificate, different processes and levels. 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This is a key assumption underlying the area of new york university creative certificate, study. Fun Persuasive Essays. There are many different groups people belong to. Some include family, peer/social groups, teams, clubs, cultural groups, school, work, nationality/country and lifestyles. To belong beyond/without a doubt, one needs to fit the. Abuse , Human , Individual 818 Words | 3 Pages. Good morning, fellow students and teacher/adjudicators In my humble opinion, Belonging is the inherent nature of humans to new york university creative, connect with . Essay On The. others. This statement means that we, -as humans- have an underlying need to belong, to feel safe and to feel wanted. On the other hand Google defines belonging in new york university creative writing 2 ways. The first one: To be rightly placed in a specified area. This links belonging to a place, whether it be a physical location or a certain mindset. The second definition is: To be rightly classified. Miss Spider , Miss Spider's Sunny Patch Friends , Rhyme 1320 Words | 4 Pages. Viva coce ' belonging ' What does the soul, concept of creative writing, beloning mean to you on clerk resume a personal level? Belonging to me on a personal level . means to be appreciated, that your thoughts and writing, veiws are regognised and respected. A sense of comfort in a place or people that you can tell them and they wont judge me. But really, to just have a place, a spot, in other peoples hearts. How may our sense of beloning make us feel accepted and surfer thesis, deepen our relationships. Well personally from my own context, I understand belonging. Feeling , Poetry , Saint Patrick's Day 2387 Words | 6 Pages. experience of belonging . The idea that negative interactions between an individual or others is directly related to their limited experience of . belonging is extensively explored within Peter Skrzynecki’s St. Creative Certificate. Patrick’s College and essay, Stanley Kubrick’s A Clockwork Orange, as the protagonists in each text have a limited experience of belonging due to their negative interactions within a group majority. The idea that negative interactions within a group dynamic can lead to a limited experience of belonging is further. A Clockwork Orange , Alex , Anthony Burgess 2605 Words | 7 Pages. Belonging consists of a struggle with opposing pressures. A desire to new york, belong also consists of fun persuasive essays, emotional conflicts and struggles between being . acknowledged while also remaining as an new york university creative individual and retaining personal ideals which may ultimately result in a connection. This is explored in Emily Dickinson’s selected poetry I died for beauty, but was scarce and I had been hungry all the years , as well as Scott Westerfeld’s novel Uglies. These texts all depict a struggle between being recognised and. American films , Individual , Individualism 1281 Words | 4 Pages. Soul Surfer Thesis. “A sense of belonging is shaped by connections to other people, places and things” Belonging in some instances cannot be . beneficial for writing, ones wellbeing. Negative consequences may arise from the way in which one develops belonging . Barriers to belonging can be imposed or voluntarily constructed, and allowing one to distort the barriers can affect the way one belongs to people, places, groups or the larger world. Peter Skrzynecki’s persistent desire to connect/belong to his cultural heritage is. Identity , Jan Garbarek , Mark Waters 1298 Words | 4 Pages. Immigrant Chronicle and Freedom writers Perceptions and ideas of belonging , or of clerk resume, not belonging , vary. These perceptions and . ideas of belonging are shaped within personal, cultural, historical and social contexts. A sense of new york creative writing certificate, belonging can emerge from the connections made with people,places, groups, and the larger world which can be further seen through the soul surfer thesis, text written by new york university writing certificate Peter Skrzynecki, called Immigrant Chronicle in particular the poem Migrant Hostel and st particks college. Similarly Richard. Control Clerk Resume. Denotation , Immigration , Keep Ya Head Up 1433 Words | 3 Pages. concept of belonging as it relates to Indigenous Australians can be confronting and challenging. • Many Indigenous Australians were often 'not . belonging ' and this play is important in raising awareness and educating a broader audience. • You must take into consideration Harrison’s context and writing certificate, your own context to appreciate how Harrison interprets belonging and how you respond to her perception of belonging . • Perceptions and context are both interconnected as our perception of belonging is a product. Australia , Indigenous Australians , Murray River 492 Words | 2 Pages. HSC: Area of Study The Area of Study for HSC 2009 - 2012 is Belonging . Suggestions for related material What does belonging . mean? From the Oxford Dictionary and Thesaurus: belong, verb, 1 to be rightly put into a particular position or class; 2 fit or be acceptable in a particular place or environment; 3 belong to be a member of; 4 belong to be the control clerk resume, property or possession of. Creative. belonging , noun, affiliation, acceptance, association, attachment, integration, closeness, rapport, fellow feeling. Ayaan Hirsi Ali , Yann Martel 1463 Words | 6 Pages. held captive by terror group ISIL has reportedly converted to surfer, Islam while in captivity. Peter Kassig, who travelled to Syria as an aid worker to university creative, help . Essays. victims of new york university writing, that nation's civil war, was captured by ISIL about a year ago. He appeared at the end of the history extension, terror group's latest horrific video, in creative writing which British aid worker Alan Henning was murdered on camera. The executioner, known as Jihadi John, threatened Mr Kassig's life if airstrikes from the US and its allies continued in Iraq. British. 2003 invasion of Iraq , English-language films , Iraq War 444 Words | 2 Pages. Speech Rainbows and and L Gave Myself to Him. This form of belonging is expository essay clearly evident in the play ‘ rainbows end ’ by Jane Harrison and how the aboriginal . community have a sense of belonging in their small community and a large sense of not belonging with the university creative certificate, white society, this sense of inclusions is also evident in the poem ‘l gave myself to him’ by Emily Dickinson, which explores a women’s wanting of acceptance from her husband and her constant feeling of an object rather than a human. Throughout people’s lives not belonging causes people. Emily Dickinson , Hawaii , Indigenous Australians 1388 Words | 4 Pages. Belonging is knowing who you are, through trials and control clerk, struggles that you will be familiar with yourself and can understand the reasons for your . uniqueness. Belonging is not only about being accepted into a circle, but earning that place. Not just a member, but a leader. “No man is an island”, yet despite the most basic human need to belong, many chose to be alone. A sense of belonging is integrated through several different contexts and aspects of each individual’s everyday life. Three texts in new york university creative writing which. Crime , Erin Gruwell , Freedom Writers 1506 Words | 4 Pages. Belonging essay- Q: How does the composer use techniques to convey belonging ? Belonging gives a strong sense . of identity. Essay Exemplars. It colours who we are and what we belong to. Belonging gives a sense of new york creative writing certificate, safety amongst our friends and essays, family. Creative Writing Certificate. Famous 19th century poet John Clare- ‘Self identity is one of the first principles in everybody’s life. Self identity defines who we are and on the, what we have become. This essay will discuss the main issues involved with belonging and use texts from the poet Peter. David Frankel , Identity , Linkin Park 1456 Words | 4 Pages. New York Creative Writing. ?Good morning everybody. Today I want to talk about the spanish on the, topic belonging . It is very important for new york university creative, us to clerk resume, have belonging , a sense . of belonging can make us feel included and new york creative writing certificate, accepted within a social, religious, political, cultural and family. Belonging to on eid, a group or community has a significant impact on university creative certificate an individual’s sense of self. We don't have a word for the opposite exemplars of loneliness, but if we did, I could say that's what I want in life. University Creative. It is said by a 22-year-old Yale graduate who died in. Automobile , Bill Clinton , President of the United States 956 Words | 3 Pages. Individual’s sense of belonging depends on their personal context” Belonging can provide a sense of comfort, assurance and . allegiance. Exemplars. However, belonging in one aspect in life can consequently cause a sense of alienation, marginalisation and disengagement from new york creative writing wider society. Belonging can mean forming a close relationship with one’s inner-self, hence creating a sense of personal belonging , and clerk resume, as a result, can mean estrangement and isolation from the outer world. This concept of belonging is explored in. Writing. Andrew Wyeth , Christina's World , Death 1301 Words | 4 Pages. Belonging can be a possible path to an individual’s self-actualisation. A sense of identity can be identified by belonging or . Control Clerk Resume. not belonging to a particular group or place. A person can portray different values of belonging through different situations and settings, like in Shakespeare’s period and the period in ‘Fight Club’. Maslow’s Hierarchy of belonging suggests that belonging is university writing one of the basic needs of human existence. All humans aspire to belong but only a few are able to transcend this basic. Abraham Maslow , Fight Club , Gender role 1049 Words | 3 Pages. ? Belonging is achieved by many paths. Belonging is a fundamental desire inherent within humans. However, there are various . Clerk. ways to attain a sense of belonging as it can be gained through the forging of relationships to writing, people and fun persuasive, places or through the understanding and sharing of similar cultural and religious identities. In Tate Taylor‘s film “The Help”, Peter Skrzynecki’s poem “Feliks Skrzynecki” and “Migrant Hostel”, regardless of whether people attempt to discover belonging under the biased. Cultural identity , Family , Friendship 847 Words | 3 Pages. Belonging Question: “A sense of belonging requires an understanding of one’s past”. To what extent is university writing this notion of . Fun Persuasive Essays. belonging explored in your prescribed text and 1 related text? Response A sense of new york university writing, belonging can be found in many different places. But for one to belong to essay exemplars, self, group or place one must fully understand one’s past. Peter Skrzynecki’s “10 Mary Street” and university certificate, “Migrant Hostel” are two poems that explore his past, showing his attitudes and his quest to belong. Spanish Essay On The. Another text that explores. Childhood , Coming of age , Immigration 843 Words | 3 Pages. Essay “A sense of belonging requires an creative certificate understanding of one’s past.” Although the main aspect of this quote is referring to the past; in . other words time, it could also mean features of the past, such as people, places, past experience etc. These aspects of belonging are extensively shown within Peter Skrzynecki’s ‘Immigrant Chronicle’; in spanish essay family particular the certificate, poems ‘Feliks Skrzynecki’ and soul, ‘in the folk museum’. Belonging and writing certificate, all of its aspects are also shown through the movie ‘Dead Poets society’ and. Dead Poets Society , English-language films , Meter 1055 Words | 3 Pages. Belonging to a community or a group can impact someone through their attitudes, behaviour and habits. It can also affect them socially as it . may prevent them from revealing their true identity and in some cases may allow them to broaden their beliefs. Spanish On The Family. A persons place in the community affects the entire community and their actions can affect the community in a positive or negative aspect. These ideas have been reflected in the texts Strictly Ballroom, Neighbours and Drifters. Strictly Ballroom directed. Ballroom dance , Social dance , Waltz 1448 Words | 4 Pages. Belonging is a perception which can emerge from friends, family, groups or communities. Belonging varies and is a complex concept . New York University Writing Certificate. as everyone has their own individual experience with it. This essay will outline and explore both belonging and not belonging in three of Peter Skryznecki’s poems: Feliks Skyrznecki, St Patricks College and Ancestors, also supported by my two related texts the film Mean Girls by Mark Waters and soul, the song Fast Car by new york Tracy Chapman. Clerk. Peter Skryznecki wrote “ Immigrant Chronicle”. Fast Car , Feeling , Mark Waters 894 Words | 3 Pages. Belonging is a complex concept, with numerous definitions. It is used to define a connection a protagonist has with their environment, physical . environment and social environment. Belonging can result in both a positive and negative experience. The choice to belong or not belong can be forced upon an individual by society. The most common barriers preventing a person from belonging in society in which are highlighted in Peter Skrzynecki’s poems include culture, language religion. Skrzynecki, straddles. Barriers , Duck , Environment 915 Words | 3 Pages. Francois Tremblay maintained that ‘When you belong, it is based on the worst in you – racism, nationalism, hatred of strangers. University Creative Certificate. You feel . belonging to ‘your country’ based on a contrast with ‘other countries’, you feel belonging to ‘your race’ in contrast to all others. ” On behalf of the University of Sydney I welcome you to our HSC study day. Good morning ladies and gentlemen. Fun Persuasive. In order for an individual to find a connection amongst their boundaries, they must adapt to writing certificate, their physical surroundings. Adaptation , Family , Father 1219 Words | 4 Pages. Belonging is a complex perception informed by an individual’s understanding of their own identity, and their connections with other people and . places. As such it is an intensely personal and subjective concept; Raimond Gaita’s memoir ‘Romulus, My Father’ represents belonging as a perception closely interrelated with one’s identity and wellbeing. Similarly, Penn’s 2007 film ‘Into the Wild’ and Judith Wright’s poem ‘Nigger’s Leap, New England’ explore the wider significance of belonging on thesis a socio-cultural. Australia , Eric Bana , Identity 750 Words | 3 Pages. others. A sense of creative, belonging can develop from the connections made with people, places and the larger world. These are shown in Peter . Skrzynecki’s Immigrant Chronicle in two of his poems Feliks Skrzynecki and Migrant Hostel and an opinion article called Australia day to bring the nation together by Pino Migliorino through the use of techniques and statements within these texts, the themes and ideas relating to belonging to surfer, culture, place and people are examined. A sense of belonging comes from a sense. Australia , Culture , Identity 937 Words | 3 Pages. Humanity thrives on a sense of belonging and acceptance. The most powerful influences that impact on an individual’s sense of writing, . belonging include identity and heritage. These aspects are observable in Peter Skrzynecki’s collection of poems, Immigrant Chronicle, which brings to life the cultural plight of migrants in a mainstream Australian society; Anna Spudvilas’ award-winning picture book Woolvs in fun persuasive the Sitee, which details the importance of withdrawing from adverse circumstances, and Katherine Mansfield’s. Boleslaw Prus , Cultural studies , Culture 1034 Words | 3 Pages. ? Belonging essay: ‘An individual’s sense of belonging is determined not only by their own choices, but also by the attitudes of new york, . others’. Belonging is an control clerk individual’s feeling or level of security and certificate, comfort relating physically or mentally to one’s social life. The ‘sense of belonging ’ to a place, object or person, allows someone to fun persuasive, express who they are, not only to new york university certificate, themselves, but also to fun persuasive essays, others in university a comfortable way that is accepted. The prescribed texts that I have used to essay exemplars, identify the power of. Bullying , Culture , Factor analysis 1042 Words | 2 Pages. ?1. Rainbows End by Jane Harrison Related text The sapphires The instinctive need for humanity to belong is through acceptance . of one through relationships and their social status in society. When an individual seeks acceptance in the wider world in order to belong, it is creative certificate up to them as to whether or not they are accepting of others. This idea is challenged as society is the boundary preventing an individual from resume trying to belong. This notion is expressed throughout the play Rainbows End by Jane. 1921 births , Future , Guilt 1371 Words | 3 Pages. This notion is clearly portrayed through my texts Rainbows End by Jane Harrison, The Rabbits by John Marsden and The Ugly Ducking . New York Creative Certificate. Illustrated by United Artists. Belonging is a mind set, which is at resume, times affected by creative factors such as social status, individual circumstances and culture. Problems can often arise due to these factors and through my representations of belonging I will reveal and evaluate these significant issues. My first text Rainbows End supports and reveals, to belong is to feel connected. Duck , Rabbit , Refused 1750 Words | 5 Pages. and to extension essays, obtain the life necessity of new york creative certificate, belonging one must feel secure and trusted in a certain group. Respect must be present and encourages . important alliances and equality within a community. Family. The inability to belong highlights faults, leaving an individual vulnerable to alienation by the community and university creative writing certificate, isolation by themselves. On The Family. Lack of common communication potentially leads to a sense of not belonging . Within Raimond Gaita's; Romulus my father conception of belonging have been conveyed. Another text that. Dorothy Gale , Kansas , Land of Oz 1077 Words | 3 Pages. Prompt: ‘Our identity and sense of creative, belonging can be directly influenced by our character, family and culture.’ Who am I? This is a question . that many humans choose to extension essays, ask and people may spend much of their lives unravelling an answer enabling them to understand their identity. New York University Certificate. Supposedly the spanish essay on the family, people who find an answer that is satisfying and brings peace are in a good position to journey through life joyfully. People have a private self as well as public self that they show to the world. People. Culture of Australia , Identity , Individual 1325 Words | 4 Pages. and significance of belonging broaden and new york university creative certificate, deepen an individual’s understanding of themselves and their world? Refer to on the, at least TWO of writing, . Resume. Skrzynecki’s poems and one related text. Through the study of ‘Ender’s Game’ by Orson Scott Card and the poems ‘Postcard’ and ‘In the folk museum’ by Peter Skrzynecki, an individual’s understanding of themselves and their world is broadened and deepened. These texts show that a sense of belonging can be difficult to find and that not belonging or uncertainty can. Ender's Game , First person , First-person narrative 1331 Words | 4 Pages. English Belonging Text 1 Title of text: Great expectations Composer: Charles Dickens Source: Novel (fiction) Date: 1861 . Composer’s intended purpose and Target audience: Charles Dickens Purpose for generating this novel was to tell a story that expressed ingratitude and selflessness, social climbing, suffering, and retribution; it is also said that Dickens wanted to express the creative writing certificate, differentiation of parenthood and the affect that the actions of one generation will have on the next. . Abel Magwitch , Charles Dickens , Estella Havisham 1177 Words | 4 Pages. ?There are many similarities between the novel “The Absolutely True Diary of Part Time Indian” by essay Sherman Alexie and the essay “Recognizing Strangers” by . Sara Ahmed. Both authors talk about the university creative, major theme of belonging to a certain culture, or community. In the novel the main character named Junior is a complete outcast in his neighborhood. He is from a poor Indian community called “Reservation” where everyone who is essay part of the community is in the same financial situation. The community had the. Definition , Difference , English-language films 1114 Words | 4 Pages. with him, starts whispering to her friend Guy becomes ashamed of who he has become, influence of not belonging socially and the difference . that money makes Sits on the same corner every day, belongs to the setting but equally doesn’t belong due to social status Watches same people walk by every day and notice that he’s there but never help him Night patrol van comes, he feels a sense of belonging seeing the university creative writing certificate, familiar faces who help him, interaction *** The familiar echo of fast paced foots. Bench , Lucky the Dinosaur , Shame 1332 Words | 4 Pages. Prufrock wants to change but once again his insecurities surpass the idea of change. “No! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be” the intertextuality . Essays. within this line, stresses that just like Prince Hamlet, he is creative writing indecisive, but Prince Hamlet in the end did make a decision, but as Prufrock admits, he is not Hamlet. In both The Love Song of J. Spanish Essay Family. Alfred Prufrock and university certificate, Preludes, the central characters cannot express themselves with integrity since their routine of spanish family, a society seem to not allow them to change. Khaled Hosseini , T. S. Eliot , The Kite Runner 994 Words | 3 Pages. Write my essay for me with Professional Academic Writers - New York University - Official Site Line Graph Essay Examples Essays and Research Papers. of structures and writing certificate, vocabulary correctly rather than a limited number. Expository Essay? 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Dot-com bubble , Essay , Essays 2405 Words | 7 Pages. sporting occasions have proved to be helpful in easing international tension in difficult times when powerful leaders were trying to university creative writing certificate, control the world’s . economy and other governments were fighting over the land. The Olympic Games are one of the exemplars, best examples which prove how sporting events can bring nations together, at least temporarily. From the ancient History, when Greeks and new york university creative writing certificate, Romans would interrupt battles to for children, participate in the games, to the more recent international disputes, when athletes from. Brazil , Brazil national football team , FIFA World Cup 895 Words | 3 Pages. surrounded by cornices and university certificate, covered with curved and broken pediments. They contained “over the top” and often unsuitable details with carved decoration. . 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University Writing Certificate? You can simply rewrite the question and expository essay exemplars this will be the new york university creative, best introduction you can get. Don’t copy directly from the question though — I don’t know the specific rules but copy-and-pasting is generally not a good idea. The middle paragraph is where you present CMA content-specific facts and extension essays ideas. You can choose to new york creative add a couple more paragraphs if you need to essays expand the ideas, such as adding examples to university certificate support your rationale. Please note that the essays are graded positively and that partial credits are given: you get a point if the idea matches (or partially matches) with the one on the scoring rubric. This means that you should include as many points as possible as long as they are relevant. (iii) Ending Paragraph. The last paragraph should be short conclusion, typically with a couple of sentences summarizing the fun persuasive essays, ideas presented in the middle paragraph. While you should spend time writing all the new york university creative, related points you can possibly think of, present it in a clear and logical manner. It is very important to: Read the question carefully to make sure you understand what is being asked Double check that your ideas do not contradict themselves. Question #1: If a question asks about a calculation, do I need to be formal and spanish on the write it out as words or can you just type out the numbers. For example, if I ask for depreciation expense for one month of an creative writing certificate, asset with a 1,200 dollar cost and a 12 month life can I just write “$100” or “you divide 1,200 by control clerk, 12 month to get 100 dollar per university creative writing certificate, month which is your depreciation expense”? Answer: You do need to show your work, but rather than saying “you divide 1,200 by essay on the, 12 months to get 100 dollar per month” you could show “$1,200/12 months = $100 per university creative writing, month in depreciation”. This way, you will more likely get partial credit in case you use the control clerk resume, right formula but just missed a number. Q uestion #2 : I am practicing on the essay questions, but there are no excel capabilities or even a table creation function that make tabular presentations possible. Do you have any suggestion on how to creative certificate address this? Even underlining the numbers to essays indicate summation is not possible. Answer : The examiners have taken away the spreadsheet function in recent years. Since the reader is a Gleim customer, I’ve asked the new york creative certificate, Gleim Team who has kindly provided the following answer: There are no excel or table formatting tools in the essays on the exam or in the Gleim materials. I have a few suggestions. First, practice with the ul fitr for children, Gleim essays because it will get them use to that. Second, we have a video in the first study unit of the writing certificate, Gleim Online that is part of the essay, supplemental videos that is a how to on the essays. It could be very useful as it discusses formatting and how to answer them. Third and final, the key is to make sure that the answers are clear and university certificate organized and history extension essays labeled well, but it doesn’t need to be formatted any special way as long as the grader can determine what you are answering and what your answer is.” Waqar and creative certificate Vinoth talk about their first-hand experience in surfer thesis preparing this part of the exam. As briefly mentioned above, there are two sets of learning tools that can help you practice your essay writing skills: 1. Sample CMA Exam Questions from Wiley. Wiley CMA Learning System dedicates a whole chapter on new york writing essay exam study tips, examples of history essay question answers, and practice essay questions and answers. Here is a downloadable copy in the 2009 edition. Since the CMA exam has undergone two major changes since then, I encourage you get the university creative certificate, latest version of the text book. These online courses provide two sample CMA exam essay questions (specifically, 2 scenarios with 1-4 questions each) for every study unit (altogether 20 essays) to train you on how to maximize your points given your knowledge of the subject matter on essays. They also show you the format (e.g. how to write out the calculations) in the answer explanations. You can get it through the soul thesis, integrated review product — Gleim CMA Review System, or purchase it separately. Don’t miss my mega post on university creative the ultimate CMA exam prep guide , with 50 actionable tips to help you nail the history essays, exam! You may also want to creative writing certificate sign up and receive my 1o-day e-course with study planning strategies exam taking tips for the CMA exam! You may type in your email address in the box below, or click and see what this free course offers. Join us if you want to get tips on how to plan, study and pass your CMA exam… on your first attempt! Hi stephanie, thank a lot for putting the time and effort to note these pointers to on eid us. You are most welcome Haris! #128578; Hi Stephanie, I want to ask you the new york creative, following: (Theoretically) If I completed the MC part within 2 hours does that mean I have an “additional” hour to essay on eid for children utilize with essay part of the exam? Essay will be 2 hours? yes… but i think its not possible..its upto you.. for essays, 1:15 hours is enough… try to complete your MC questions in 2:30 hrs… Thanks for sharing your thoughts Ramzeen. I agree that if possible, try to new york certificate allocate more time to the essay. Most of my readers seem to find the essay ul fitr for children, MC questions more difficult than the essays though. Anoop John says. I have an important question to ask, is it possible to take the Part 2 of the CMA exam first and then the Part 1 later? I mean can I take and clear ‘Financial decision making’ first and then later take the new york university, ‘Financial planning, performance and control’ exam? Please clarify. Expository? Moreover I have heard that Part 2 is new york creative writing certificate easier than Part1, is that true? yup..you can write them like that… there is no particular order.. #128578; hi i am planning to give cma part – 2 in this coming may-jun14 window. i want to know what should i refer to solve more question form Gleim.IMA or HOCK, so i can clear my cma in first attempt. ryan justin says. Thanks for the information this is expository essay very helpful. I’m planning to take the exam next year. That’s great to know Ryan! I have answered your other questions in the respective pages. Stephanie. I just want to ask about the difficulty of the essay part of the exam? Hi nhie, most readers find them quite straightforward when compared to the multiple choice questions. I agree with them. Unless it takes the candidate a lot of time to university creative write in English or that he/she makes a lot of essays grammatical mistakes, it shouldn’t be an area to worry about. Regards, Stephanie. i would like to know how much questions will be there in essay window, is there any more optionals than 2 questions. thank you in advance. Hi Jasir, there are two questions, but they can be further divided into several mini questions. Creative Writing? This recent sharing by spanish on the family, our blogger Vinoth may be helpful: http://ipassthecmaexam.com/cma-essay-questions/ My question is – What is the score/marks for the MCQ each questions? Hmm… I believe it isn’t a straightforward calculation. Please refer to this page for explanation of the grading system: http://ipassthecmaexam.com/cma-exam-scoring/ Normally to study CMA part 1 and be ready for exam, How many month i have. to make my schedule? Hi Kareem, it depends on how many hours you can devote to the study each week, as well as whether you have existing knowledge in the exam content, but I would say about 70-80 hours for new york creative, basic studying, and essay ul fitr double that for very thorough studying. Hope it helps! Regards, Stephanie. Do we have to save our essay answer? I just took CMA part 1 exam. Halfway through answering the new york university creative writing certificate, essay I saved my answer, I didnt save towards the end. I’m worried my answers will not be counted. Don’t worry there is automatic saving in the system #128578; Stephanie. Thank you Stephanie. Now i can sleep well #128578; Please do! This question comes up quite often so I am quite sure it is all right. Cheers, Stephanie. Am a bit worried about the essay questions, and a little bit on the MCQ’s. will practicing on gleims software of multiple choice questions build a strong foundation to face the exams, I know passing is expository not guaranteed if we do practices on MCQ. but will there be a strong advantage of clearing the creative writing, exams if more and more MCQ are tackled on essay Gleims software? how may essay questions will be asked, is it like they would ask us 2 essay questions and certificate we only need to answer one, can you let me know on essay exemplars the same. will there be options on the essay question? My last question is, if I score maximum marks in creative my MCQ’s then I can just score the essays, balance in the essay to total to 350 Points to clear CMA part 1 is this true, or is creative it that essay also has a percentage of passing needed? your advise to me will be of great help. If you go through the entire study course including all the online practice questions, you are in pretty good shape. it’s hard to generalize but most of my bloggers use Gleim and essay they seem to have pretty good pass rates. Gleim isn’t the writing, only reason of course; they worked pretty hard. No you don’t have a choice on the essay questions. You have to answer all of them. From what I know, you need to pass both the multiple choice and essay questions. But almost all candidates I talked to find the essays straightforward (this includes non English-speaking candidates). If you know the materials and can write decent English (not a problem for history extension essays, you, judging from the above), then no need to creative certificate worry about it. The MC questions can be long and tough — so I would make sure I nail those in the practice questions. Cheers, Stephanie. I am working on control resume the essay’s for gliem. I was wondering if we need to memorize word for word the IMA standards details. I have the jist of new york creative writing each standard and control clerk resume can describe it well but I have not memorized word for creative writing certificate, word. No I don’t think so Rob. As long as you can articulate that they are and history extension what they mean, it’s good enough. Cheers, Stephanie. The reason I asked is because when you look at the answers on the essay part, they basically quote the book word for word. If you think the idea is more important then the exact words. The concept is 100% accurate though. These tips really works for me. I have started writing essays in mind and small essays in paper when I get time. And when I started writing and when I read them later, I can find my own mistakes and it really helps me to improve a lot. Thank you very much. Abdus Salaam says. I recently took my CMA part II exam but during essay session i m not sure whether i saved my answers or not.have u any idea about it?my answers are still there or gone unsaved?please reply i am much worried. Hi Abdus, no worries as the university certificate, answers are automatically saved. I’ve got a lot of questions on history essays this. I am sure it’s fine #128578; Stephanie. Hi stephanie! I took my cma exam two days ago, while i was writing my last answer in the essay box, the time was up and the screen shut down on the essays and took me to the survey part,l. Am worried about the answers if they were saved or not beacuse the time was up. Hi Mich, just got the new york certificate, exact question the other day. It is auto saved periodically and frequently, so it should be fine. Control Resume? No worries! Stephanie. Hello All… I took recently the new york university creative, CMA Part 1 Exam. The essays comes with 2 business scenarios and covers 10 questions with 1-3 sub-questions each. The whole topic in Part 1 was like briefly thrown in these questions and requires calculations and on point essay writing. Now, just waiting for the result which will release after 6 weeks I guess? Hi Lance, thanks for sharing! Yes, 6 weeks #128578; I have an estimated time table here: http://ipassthecmaexam.com/cma-exam-results-waiting-time/ Is CMa more valuable if done with cpa? Not really… they are seen as separate qualifications. Regards, Stephanie. I appeared for the CMA Exam part II ( Yday). Cleared the MCQ section and moved on to the clerk resume, Essay. I had two questions: 1) Does the essay section save answers automatically ?, I think I have not saved it every time, I changed it. 2) In the MCQ , I think I just about managed to get through, My essay section was very good though. What would be my chance of clearing ? Hi Salim, no worries, the system saves answers automatically. I am afraid there is no way for me to know your chance of clearing though, but I am really glad that you feel good about the essays. Just take a well-deserved break and get the results 6 weeks later. Try not to think over this too much in creative writing certificate the meantime #128578; Stephanie. Same question here.If you complete your 50% MCQ and move on to essay part and essay is on eid ul fitr for children good.Then are the chances of passing high? I too appeared for creative, my part two yesterday. MCQ were tricky and extension time consuming so i got panic and also blank.Luckily,essay part was good. I just want to creative writing certificate know fair idea. As somewhere,in blog i read that 75% for MCQ and 25% for Essay and on eid ul fitr 500 scaling.i.e 375 for creative, MCQ and 125 for essay.If you move to essay part you manged to extension clear 50% i.e 250/375 is 66.67 % . If you clear MCQ and move on to essay that means you cleared 50% i.e 250 points .And Now in order to clear you require extra 25 %. if overall 75 % passing required or 360 out of 500 which comes to 72 %. In that scenario, should I understand that i managed to score 250 points and writing certificate additionally I will require only essay exemplars, 110 points to get 360 score in order to pass.Or i scored in university writing MCQ 66.67 % and now only balancing percentage require to clear?? Well,friends in order to give my review on part two.I would like to family say practice lot of questions and time is a big challenge. Also,what i noticed is new york writing certificate that continuous doing gliem as i referred to that review system.I knew half of the questions and after doing lot practice you feel that questions are same repeatedly and you have gone through that.So next time ,when you appear you don’t read question carefully as you have gone through that and your time get saved and also in practice exam you score good above 75 % Here,it is a big disadvantage because in exam scenario you have to read question carefully and all the facts and numbers are new which is time consuming and then select.Sums on Capital Budgeting,CVP analysis are lengthy…. Hope my efforts get well paid off and I pass with flying colors.Wish me luck) Hi Farida, wishing you the best luck on on eid ul fitr your Part 2! On the grading system, it is more or less correct except that we cannot compute the percentage, because this assumes that each question may not carry the same point. It is not. There is an elaborate weighting mechanism based on new york university writing certificate the difficulty level, among other factors. You can get a general idea here: But I would just relax and clerk wait until you see the new york certificate, score a few weeks later. In the meantime, it is great to spend some energy on preparing the next part #128578; Gyan Singh says. I have taken my Part 2 exam in last window (June’2016). i was short by on the, 20 marks to hit the target. It was hard to university writing certificate me to accept the essays, fact because had done quite well in exam expecting 75%+. New York? I have now been received my score card and i fail to expository meet the requirement in essay section and university creative writing certificate GOT C grade which indicate that I couldn’t meet the expectation of IMA exam. I have one doubt here that, i haven’t click the save button. is it role of not clicking on save button?? Hi Gyan, as mentioned in another reply to you, there is an autosave function but it is soul possible that the latest version was not saved. I believe the new york university creative writing certificate, reason of not passing is spanish on the family due to other factors as well (very small factors adding together, giving you are close to the passing score). When you work on the practice questions for your next attempt, try to achieve 80%+ and make sure you rework the 20% you did wrong previously. University? This way, you have a bigger buffer. Best of luck! Hello. I failed twice in part CMA exam. second was quite good and attempted. Family? I failed to score good marks in new york writing certificate essay questions. Soul Thesis? Now I would like to know, where can I get a access to essay questions for practice? Besides the (very) old past essay questions from new york creative writing IMA, you can get extra practice, such as the essay wizard from Gleim. History? Regards, Stephanie. I wanna appear for two parts of university creative CMA exam at a time(day by day)by preparing for family, a period of new york university certificate 6 months. Should i take two parts or prepare for one exam,appear for it and respectively for other?much confused to start. Hi Keerthan, you can do it either way, but usually it is better to expository exemplars do it one at a time – 3 months for each part so you can focus on certificate getting one done first. Regards, Stephanie. I am persuading b.com (2nd year) in India . I would like to do cma usa , is it necessary to have work experience ? And what will be the difficulty level of this exam . Sure, in fact students have discount to join as member and to take the exam. You need experience to become a CMA, but not for surfer thesis, taking the exam. So what people do is to take the exam first, and accumulate the necessary experience during or after the new york creative writing certificate, exam. Guess it would likely be after in your case, which isn’t a problem at all. In terms of difficulty, I would say it is quite difficult in essay on eid ul fitr for children terms of new york university creative certificate how the questions are framed. Control Clerk? They can be lengthy and complex. But as long as you understand what are being asked, it’s basically questions in accounting, internal control, strategic planning, finance etc. University Creative Certificate? Not rocket science. Hope it helps! Stephanie. I’m in the early stages of trying to fun persuasive figure out if taking the CMA exam would be a good fit for me. My main question is about the new york creative, CPE requirements and how to go about completing them each year along with the approximate cost. Hi Anthony, generally the CPE should be less of a concern. There is a recurring cost for sure to history do this, but hopefully this is very little compared to what you benefit after getting the certification. More info on the CPE here: http://ipassthecmaexam.com/cma-cpe-requirements. is there any specific source where should questions come from?? I’m doing my Wiley question bank , is that main sourc. of questions in IMA ? I wouldn’t say it is the “main source”, but any practice questions from major review course providers can be considered good source for practice. You can learn about the pros and cons of each provider here: http://ipassthecmaexam.com/cma-review-course/ I have Bachelor’s degree in Accounting from Goa University and Post Graduate diploma in Financial Management is from new york university Indira Gandhi National Open University. Both are listed on your website. Do I need to essays send the Original transcripts to Naces or do I sent it to IMA? If it is on new york writing certificate the list, you don’t need to go through NACES. Can send the exemplars, transcript to new york university certificate the IMA directly. Good luck! Stephanie. I would like to know if 2 months is sufficient to soul prepare for both part 1 and new york university creative writing part 2 of us cma exam. It really depends on the number of hours you can allocate for the studying. You can estimate the timing here: http://ipassthecmaexam.com/cma-exam-study-planner/ Kamlesh Vaishnav says. hi, Stephanie, I took the exam of part 1 and for children the result arrived and unfortunately, I failed I scored 290 that means a minimum of 250 in MCQ section and have confidence that my essay section was also good but what I did was did not click on the end button during my exam in essay section which I did in MCQ section and let keep going the time until the end of the exam and after the university creative certificate, time ended the window disappeared. So my question is whether the essay section has not graded or graded or zero or I am wrong? because my essay section I did was good in essay the exam and expected a score of mine was at least 70% which means 125*70% = 87.5%. Kindly answer. The essay was auto saved, so I would think that section should have counted at least a bit. It isn’t a straight formula so it’s hard to tell whether you were getting at least 250 on your MC question, but you are correct that you should at university writing certificate, least get 50% on the MCQ section of the expository, exam. Just want to university creative writing certificate ask if I’m eligible in CMA having the following credentials: • Bachelor of Science in accountancy – for 2yrs (under graduate) • Took up Modern Accounting Course (Essentials of surfer Accounting, Budgeting and Costing, Financial Statement Analysis , Intermediate Accounting) • 3yrs accounts working experiences. Hi Dei, I believe the IMA normally requires the bachelor degree to new york writing be at least 3 years, but there could be exceptions especially that you have taken up extra accounting courses. History Extension Essays? Please contact the IMA directly for them to evaluate your situation. Best of luck! Stephanie.

To: Third Doctor Full time cryptozoologist, author, Dr Who fanatic. Hunted many strange beast in many strange places but not the Tazzy wolf as yet. It's top of my list. I think it is cryptid most likley to exist along with orang-pendek and the giant anaconda. Oops, you forgot something. The words you entered did not match the given text. Please try again.

Saturday, April 16, 2011 The mermaid, or siren, was experienced by sailors during the first expeditions of the western world. It was the Siren’s Myth that appeared for the first time with Homer, who described the them as singing creatures that enchanted and lured sailors to their deaths in the Odyssey. It is found that it is present in both literature and in the imaginary that a Siren is a metaphor to not only describe enchanting women but also attempt to show the divided human nature that exists between mind and emotion. A famous triad of sirens were described by Lycofrone in 300 BC by which the sirens got their name--(elaborate). It is a myth that continues to live: The Siren is a sympol of “impossible love, human desire to abandon oneself to sensulaity, being aware of the mortal danger impending on the victim of pleasure.” But by looking beyond the myth could the Siren really exist? Historical data of archeo-mythology found some “hybrids” venerated in 2500 BC in Europe and Antalya. These individuals were affected by “sirenomelia” (dictionary define here) This is a condition that is characterized by the rotation and fusion of the lower extremity. (describe cases.) Second article- Could Mermaids be Manatees? Like wanderers in a desert that experience a mirage. It may be that sailors that are, hugner driven, sleep robbed, and lack female companionship during their long jourrneys at sea, may have instead of mistaken desert for water, have illusioned a mermaid in place of a manatee. The explorers as well of their crew were prepped in the stories of the siren and this fact alone may have led them astray. The article states that, “ It may Not be coincidence then that the order in which the manatee belongs is Sirenia, from the Latin siren.” Could it also be that culture is misconstruing the story still centuries after their origins? Christopher Columbus even depicted the New world mermaids as aless attractive version of the siren then what he was expecting. It could be that Columbus stated the siren or mermaid for what it really was, a manatee. The Sun-Sentenial in 1493 came to the same conclusion as Columbus while sailing in the Dominican Republic. Lastly in 1789 a Scottish magazine published that the sailors claimed while sailing in the Caribbean the mermaids they caught tasted like veal. I think this article represents a viewpoint that could be very logical. I have not heard this train of thought before and I think that our culture today and centuries ago it seems are too easily swept away with myths and is very gullible. So, shifting away this week from the legend of thunderbirds toward actual reported sightings of the creatures, I started with the question: Where was the most recent, credible sighting reported? I surveyed a few different paranormal and cryptozoology blogs looking for stories of thunderbird encounters, including unknown-creatures.com, paranormal.about.com and unexplained-mysteries.com. It appears that there have been regular sightings of thunderbirds across the U.S. up until at least 2010. The frequency of reports was surprising. There was at least one every two or three years that these different blogs considered noteworthy. Unfortunately, these websites were generally light on substantial evidence to actually prove many of these stories. A lot of them were simply emails from random people who claimed to have seen a thunderbird, or they at least knew someone who had seen one. It is difficult to prove or discredit such stories. They certainly COULD have happened, but you really have to put a lot of faith in the person submitting them in order to believe what they are saying. I’ve begun looking for evidence of thunderbird sightings in media, focusing in particular in local newspapers. One recent case I found, which occurred in Alaska, was very interesting. In 2002, an Alaskan pilot flying a small passenger plane from the village of Manakotak to the village of Togiak reported seeing a large, raptor-like bird with a wingspan nearly equal to that of his airplane. An article in the Anchorage Daily News said the pilot, along with others in this plane who reported seeing the creature, described the bird as looking like something out of Jurassic Park. The article also stated that other people who live in the region had seen a similar creature more than once around the same time. Experts from the state specializing in large bird species sounded fairly baffled. Federal raptor specialist (I was unaware our government employed such people) Phil Schemf was quoted saying, “I’m certainly not aware of anything with a 14-foot wingspan that’s been alive for the last 100,000 years.” (Unfortunately, the Alaskan Daily News requires you to sign up for their online edition and pay a fee to access their archives. The text of the article I found here, and I'm pretty certain it's complete.) Outside of the online paranormal world, the report does not seem to be taken seriously. Although, it is interesting to note that both CNN and Reuters picked up the story shortly after the Anchorage paper published it. There looks to be a consensus that these people in this rural region of Alaska really did see something. But what that something is, well, no one really looked into that. I think a reasonable thing to do when exploring thunderbird sightings is to consider the possibility that people are really seeing massively large birds, but instead of these creatures being some undiscovered cryptids of mythical proportions, perhaps they are just species of known birds and witnesses are just vastly overstating their sizes and appearances. I’ve found two different birds that have been identified as possible culprits for reported thunderbird sightings. One is the California condor (see photo above), a rather massive bird that inhabits portions of the American Southwest. A male condor has a wingspan of nearly 10 feet, the largest such span found in any bird in North America. Another potential known bird that may possibly be confused as a cryptid is the Steller’s sea eagle, which is native to Northeastern Asia and also can be found at times in areas of Alaska. The Anchorage Daily News article reported that the sea eagle is about 50 percent larger than an American bald eagle, and is one of the heaviest birds of prey known to exist. All of these areas need some more research, and this does not really explain reports of thunderbirds that describe them as extremely massive creature (30-50 foot wingspans) resembling something more like a dinosaur or reptile than a large eagle. Friday, April 15, 2011 Thursday, April 14, 2011 While searching the Librarys book database I found much material, too much to read through in only one quarter. One problem that I saw myself doing was only looking up one name for Sasquatch rather than both. To fix this I will try to do the Boolean search phrase Bigfoot or Sasquatch. The books hit almost all points on the literary spectrum, there are scientific and fiction, criticism and praise, case study and qualitative and everything in-between. If I am going to choose a book that represents Sasquatch in the most credible light I might choose only scientific books, but I want to get a sense of the problematic books as well. I don’t expect there to be vast amounts of hard evidence supporting Bigfoot, rather my prediction is that these books will focus on case studies of people who have reported sighting Bigfoot. My prediction came true, there are multiple books in the available in the western library and through summit on a whole range of topics pertaining to sasquatch. For example, in the science spectrum there are books such as Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science and Sasquatch science. Then on the other end there are books that interview people who claim to have had encounters with the hairy beast. Wednesday, April 13, 2011 Most articles that I have found tend to be geared towards young adults/children more than actual scientific news. Although I have been able to find good information about Nessie, there is some digging that needs to be done in order to find the information. An article that I found recently is from boy’s life magazine, while this article is for young boys there is still a plethora of information on Nessie that anyone can use. The article titled “Mysterious Loch Ness Monster,” tackles the issue of Nessie being a real sea monster or a hoax that is put into place to lure tourism into Scotland. This article, complete with many pictures/drawings of Nessie that are quite ominous, really tries to explain what Nessie could be. The article describes Nessie’s home, Loch Ness, as 24 miles long, up to 980 feet deep and the water stays chilly all year long. This Loch is what many Nessie followers use as there main argument as to why Nessie exists. This article states that there has been an increase of followers since 1930 because the town surrounding the Loch expanded and many followers flocked to the town to see the famous Nessie. Now tourists spend millions of dollars on hotels, shops, and restaurants, leading many people to believe that the myth of Nessie is just perpetuated because the town wants money from tourism. The “Mysterious Loch Ness Monster” leaves the opinion of what Nessie really is to the reader, which is nice because they do not put their own opinions onto the reader. Nessie in this article can be either one of the best-unknown creatures out there or the best hoax that a country can put on. I believe that this article is credible because they clearly did the research about Nessie and what is and is not true. Also the authors put time and effort in creating an article that presents all of the facts and the reader can become a huge Nessie fan or a skeptic of the monster. The only issue that I had with this article is that they did not explain enough of why and how this would be a hoax. If more info about that part of the binary were present, it would help readers make a more informed decision about what they choose to believe. This was a fun read and the pictures made the articles seem even more amazing because they are well drawn and provide a good background to see what Nessie could look like. Overall this article, written for young boys, is a well-done piece that provides the basic information about the Nessie controversy. Tuesday, April 12, 2011 I recently found a short blurb about the Spring-Heeled Jack in a book called The Historic Notebook. In this book, the author takes events/terms/words that appeared throughout history that may not have been explained or were left as mysteries. In this blurb the Spring-Heeled Jack was described as a group of confederates, rumored to be lead by the Marquis of Waterford. The Marquis of Waterford being one of the ‘Peerage of Ireland’ or noble families. This ‘gang’ or party taunted the people of London for six months until their ‘silly’ pranks ceased. There were never any cases of theft in encounters with the Spring-Heeled Jack, so with their main goal being to fright, they took the shape of several animals in different cities. Some of these animals included a white bull, a white bear, and a “gigantic baboon”! Spring-Heeled Jack also appeared as a man in bras armour. Often Spring-Heeled Jack would harass travelers and cause physical injuries, then disappear into the night. This piece from this book gave me a very interesting view of what the Spring-Heeled Jack is all about. From the different descriptions I have come across so far, he/it is explained to be an object of fear. He/it also seems to have some connection to the higher class. This will definitely give me some more information as I look into other sources. Maybe this may lead me to some literature about the Marquis family. Monday, April 11, 2011 Sunday, April 10, 2011 In her contribution to the Discovery! Series, a set of science books for middle school scholars, Linda Goldenberg, a school librarian and author living in New Paltz, New York, examines the controversy surrounding the discovery of the remains of Homo floresensis. Although written for the younger reader, she gives an engaging description of the hunt for human fossils on the Indonesian island of Flores, a detailing of the recovery effort of the first Homo floresiensis remains and the subsequent intrigue involving the removal and return of the remains by an Indonesian official. Furthermore, Goldenberg ties in the lore that has been passed down through oral tradition amongst the people of Flores about the ebu gogo. Although many had believed a paleoanthropological find impossible, a few researchers insisted upon looking for evidence of human ancestors on the island of Flores. This island is separated from nearby Java, home of many ancestral finds, by “Wallace’s Line”, a deep crevice that separates the island chain. Many scientists believe that during the Ice Age, when sea water was considerably lower due to being trapped in ice, land bridges may have formed allowing human ancestors to travel to nearby lands. However, the deep crevice of Wallace’s Line would not have allowed a land bridge to form, connecting Flores to the western Indonesian islands. Therefore, any human ancestors would have been required to travel by watercraft. Unfortunately, such evidence would not have been preserved. When the Homo floresiensis remains were found in 2003, a full 20 feet below the surface floor of the Liang Bua cave, they were not yet fossilized and were exceptionally delicate. They were treated with a hardening agent, carefully removed and taken to Thomas Sutikna’s lab in Jakarta. He used CT scans to initiate his studies of the remains before, under much intrigue, they were suddenly taken by Indonesia’s renowned paleontologist, Teuku Jacob. Oddly, Jakob sequestered the remains only to return them damaged due to mishandling. A short two years later, the cave was ordered closed to scientific inquiry by the Indonesian government. Inhabitants of the Island of Flores, when interviewed previous to the Homo floresiensis find in 1990 by anthropologist/historian Caty Husbands, spoke of the ebu gogo - a small, hairy creature that did not speak, yet could parrot back what was said. When she likened the stories to the English “boogie monster”, she was told that the stories were not the same because the ebu gogo had actually lived. Although stories differ slightly from village to village, all tales of the ebu gogo have them meeting their demise by the ancestors of modern people. Furthermore, all stories involved some account of a fire in the cave of the ebu gogo, often started by the trickery of the modern people’s ancestors. To add more credence to these tales is the fact that in none of them are the ebu gogo gifted with fanciful abilities or magical powers. They are just primitive, little people that stole food and children from the ancestors of the people that still inhabit the island. Although written for children, Goldenberg provided a clear, concise and illuminating history surrounding the ebu gogo and the controversial remains of Homo floresiensis. Goldenberg, L. (2007). Little people and a lost world: An anthropological mystery. Minneapolis, MN: Lerner Publishing Group. After some more research I have found the library has several books on this furry creature. There are seven in total, none of which I have examined yet. The Yeti, or Abominable Snowman as some people call him, also has many websites dedicated to research and some dedicated to recording alleged sitings. Somethings that will come in handy when researching the Yeti. First of all, looking for both Yeti, and Abominable Snowman tags, because they are one in the same. Also, excluding Yeti Cycles, which is a product of Fox racing. There are some various other products called "Yeti" which are in no way related to the cryptid. (There is an English band called Yeti!) In class on Thursday, the tools learned about controlled vocabulary, and knowing what it is I am looking for (information on the Yeti) and knowing what other people may call it (Abominable Snowman) will come in handy. When I added Abominable Snowman to my Google search, all of the products were no longer shown as results. Controlling my vocabulary and knowing what terms to use will be useful.

Posted by: Craig Woolheater on August 10th, 2013 Q: How widespread is the belief in cryptids such as Bigfoot or the Yeti? Daniel Loxton: Much more widespread than the fringe reputation of the topic suggests. For example, when asked “Do you think Bigfoot (also known as Sasquatch) is real?” in a 2012 Angus-Reid poll, 7 percent of American respondents affirmed the belief that Bigfoot “Definitely is real,” and 22% said Bigfoot “Probably is real.” That’s a more-or-less typical response to polls about cryptid beliefs. And that adds up to an awful lot of people. Investigate Further: Abominable Science! Authors Interviewed » 5 Bizarre Legendary Creatures from Japan Mysterious Universe Werewolves, chupacabras, and other western weirdies pale in comparison to the horrors hailing from the Land of the Rising Sun. Beckoning you to her menagerie, Christy Gordon wants to show you the original pokémon like the ghost whale, spider whores, and the delightful shirime. Just keep in mind as you stare into that abyss, it also stares into you. We wonder what Darren Naish would make of such monsters, but we'll settle for his latest Tale From The Cryptozoologicon: The Yeti. Separating the wheat from the chaff, Darren lays out the evidence and posits the impact should the yeti's existence be proven without a doubt. Fortunately there are noCorythaixoides in the Himalayas to thwart those seeking those abominable snowmen. Bringing us to Karl Shuker, chomping at the bit to introduce everyone to Nature's snitches. Curious beasts need not be fantastic as one will discover regarding Go-Away Birds, Why They Don't, And What They Doso cheekily from the treetops. Every good fortean has heard tales of Alligators in the Sewer. Well, now we have Sharks in the Subway. A foot-and-a-half shark weighing 5-10 pounds was discovered on the Queens-bound N train at the 14th Street stop in Manhattan. Is this another publicity stunt for the Discovery Channel's "Shark Week"? Elsewhere, Loren Coleman notes that a New Species of Giant Flying Squirrel Discovered in Laos. The specimen was collected from a local food market! Yum, flying squirrels. In Some Stories from Readers, Glasgow Boy recounts a classic "hump" sighting in Loch Ness, and another, possibly unique, report of the Loch Ness Monster's eye. Glascow Boy also does a detailed analysis of a Nessie photo taken more than 30 years ago inMore on the Jennifer Bruce Photograph. Finally we turn to Bigfoot's back, where Scott McMan of Ghost Theory has doubts that the Mellissa Hovey Bigfoot photo is really a shot from Karl Kozak’s,”Clawed.” A court has ruled thatHovey Must Relinquish Rights To Bigfoot Photo: Is Ruling Fair? McMan argues that's it's not.

Wednesday, April 2, 2008 BARTON M. NUNNELLY - April 2 Guest Cryptid researcher and investigator B.M.Nunnelly, a self-taught writer and artist, was born and raised in Kentucky, where he spent decades searching the bottom lands of the Bluegrass State for evidence of its unsolved mysteries. His wanderings have brought him face to face with such creatures as Bigfoot, water monsters, black panthers, out of place wolves, and other mysterious cryptids including a Thunderbird in 1998 - something no other living researcher can presently claim. He currently resides with his wife and son in Henderson, Kentucky.

There are stranger things than most people know living in the deep oceans, in the high mountains, in the dark rain forest. Only, we’re fishing out the food supplies in the oceans. The mountains are suffused with air pollution. And the rain forest? We’re clearing ten thousand acres of that a day. And that’s not even mentioning the things that have adapted to our cities and live among us. Some even hunt us. Mother Nature can be a real bitch. Department 2 is one of the busier departments. They not only maintain natural preserves and habitats for Benign Cryptids, they also employ hunting parties – both on staff and occasionally Freelancers – to deal with dangerous creatures or those that have wandered out into human territory. Still, primarily, they study these fantastic creatures. Benign Descriptor of a Cryptid who successfully lives amid humans without causing them harm or revealing its true nature. Chimera A creature that has the appearance or abilities of more than 1 creature. This can be a Cryptid (such as a griffin) or being artificially created by surgery and/or genetic manipulation. Governmental experiments with the latter tapered off in the 90s. A few private enterprises continue to this day with varied success. Critter Slang for a Cryptid. Cryptid A creature not yet classified or accepted as existing by the general scientific community. Freelancer A Cryptid hunter not associated with Department 2. Leather sometimes allows Freelancers to stay at the Lodge but Administration does not approve. Hansel/Gretel A child taken by a Malignant Cryptid, especially if the child might still be alive. Some Cryptids toy with their food (sometimes for weeks), either because they requiring/enjoy fear response chemicals in the victim’s blood or just because they are sadistic monsters. Homids Any of a number of non-Poser cryptids that have a bipedal, “human-like” form, such as Bigfoot. Initiative, The Rival Cryptid hunting organization recruiting solely hunters driven to revenge by the loss of loved ones. Their extinction agenda extends to all “species traitors” that would protect any Cryptid. Natural Opposite of a Cryptid, an animal whose existence is accepted by the pubic or the scientific community. Architeuthis (giant squid) is an example of a former Cryptid now accepted by the mainstream. Poser A Cryptid whose natural outward shape disguises it as another creature, terrain or even inanimate object. This camouflage is part of the Poser’s constant physiology, not to be confused with a Shifter. Almost extinct now, a carnivorous fungus that resembled a telephone booth thrived in North America until phone booths were phase out at the end of the 20th century. Malignant Descriptor of a Cryptid that feeds on human life. Shifter A Cryptid that can assume more than one form. Like the werewolf, most commonly there is a hiding form (human) and a hunting form (wolf). Their change usually has a trigger: phase of the moon (not always full – bunyips change on the new moon), proximity to prey (chupacabres), stress, even religious iconography (Jersey Devil). But after time they learn to change at will.

There are many animals – unique and mysterious animal that has not been found , since there are many places – places untouched by humans . Some time ago , we have witnessed the creatures – sea creatures with strange shapes and unique , well in this post , I will invite my readers to know the creatures – weird creatures of the river . Could sightings – sightings of the river is actually a cryptid creature sightings of this creature ? Like the ocean , the river is also home to thousands of species of freshwater animals . Not only fish , in the river was found to form different types of creatures and strange enough we’ve never seen before. - Goliath Tigerfish Heard the name alone , we already know if this creature is not being careless . With a length of 1.5 meters and sharp teeth , of course a lot of people are afraid to look spooky fish . Goliath Tigerfish is the biggest variant in the family Tigerfish , and is a great predator . Fish is known for its power and speed. 2. Vampire Piranha Vampire Piranha is a close relative of the famous piranha fish of the Amazon river . This fish is called piranha because vampire fangs that can reach 6 inches . Piranha fish which is rarely known to live in the Orinoco River , Venezuela . 3. African Lungfish River creatures were quite strange in my opinion . For people who have never seen it, would have thought this creature as a monster because of the creepy . However , despite the terrible shape , these animals are completely harmless . These fish adapt to their environment less oxygen , thus making this fish rarely seen by humans . 4. Mekong Giant Catfish Certainly most readers already know this one fish . Fish that is almost similar to the whale shark is the largest freshwater fish ever found and originated in China . Its size alone is closer to whales than freshwater fish in general .

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Go to the administration panel to change this text, the Essay is Life, options and to set custom CSS to change how the advert looks. Don'T Want To Write My Paper - Summary of Plato s Theory of Human Nature | Reason and Meaning Do My Essay For Me Free - Summary of Aristotle s Theory of Human Nature | Reason and Meaning Nov 18, 2017 What is human nature philosophy, no homework notebook Copyright 2002 by Elizabeth Yeow. Included here with permission of the author. #9;Every fall excitement fills the air as students arrive at what nature, school with new backpacks and school supplies, eager to meet their new teacher. Always a new beginning, the start of what are communication, school allows every student to have a fresh beginning and make this year the best year ever. Yet within weeks of the start of school, teachers begin to see a certain pattern emerging: the same students repeatedly neglect to turn in homework. The teacher will then remind, reprimand, take away recess, and is human, threaten to call home and talk to their mom and bistrot leamington spa, dad. Occasionally, this will work and the student will miraculously appear with homework in hand, most of the time there are just excuses. More often, the what philosophy teacher becomes more frustrated and Religion 19th Century, disheartened, the student#146;s grades drop and he or she will feel like a failure. Nature Philosophy. The repetition of this scenario caused me to really consider the value and effect of homework. Every year, and this year is Revival in the 19th, no exception, I have at least one student, usually two, who never bring their completed homework back on time. I was puzzled by these students#146; attitudes towards homework. I wanted to understand more about philosophy their perceptions of homework and to of Religion and Society find out what kind of support they were receiving at what is human nature philosophy, home. Perhaps, these students do not understand the homework or maybe their parents are unable to help them. Maybe the instructions were unclear or the homework is too difficult for them. Revival Essay. I wanted to what nature philosophy understand more about their parents#146; views about school and homework. I also wanted to john periodic table know more about other issues that may be going on at home. What are some things that I could do to help them bring their homework back? As I began this study, I had several assumptions. I saw homework is an important part of their schoolwork and is a reinforcement of what is learned at school. This extra practice is helpful to students and when students do not do their homework it affects how they do in school. Also, lack of is human nature philosophy, finished homework may be an bistrot pierre leamington indication of what, their attitude towards school or learning. I teach at Essay on Huckleberry Satirical, Clara Barton Elementary School (pseudonym), a public elementary school in the suburbs of a metropolitan area, about 15 miles outside of what nature philosophy, Washington, DC. At the what are communication skill beginning of this school year Clara Barton Elementary School switched from a traditional school calendar to a year round calendar. On the year round calendar school is in session for nine weeks and what is human, then there is a two or three week intersession break. During the intersession remediation and enrichment classes are offered to students. The cost of attending intersession is five dollars. The community around Clara Barton Elementary School is comprised of single family homes, townhouses, and multifamily dwellings. The majority of the students that attend Clara Barton Elementary School live in the townhouse community directly behind the school. The townhouse community accepts Section 8 housing certificates. Many of the townhouses house more than one family. There is a high transience rate at Religion in the 19th Century Essay, Clara Barton Elementary School of what is human nature, about 40 percent. Seventy-five percent of the school is composed of ethnic- and Portrayal, language-minority students. More than 22 countries and many different languages are represented at Clara Barton Elementary School. What Is Human Nature. Many of the students that attend Clara Barton Elementary School are from low-income families. Clara Barton Elementary School receives funding from Title I and many of the students receive free or reduced lunches. The school is organized primarily into what self-contained classrooms. The school does not have a formal homework policy, but in the staff handbook there is is human philosophy, a recommended amount of time students should spend on Finn's Satirical Portrayal of Religion homework based on grade level. Third grade students should have between 30-60 minutes of homework per evening. Philosophy. The school slogan is Clara Barton Reads and students are encouraged to bistrot pierre read 20 minutes at home every night as part of their homework. This is what nature philosophy, my fourth year teaching and I have taught third grade at Clara Barton Elementary for all four years. I am an Asian female. The students in leamington, my class are all in the third grade. The class is composed of 18 students, 8 boys and 10 girls. Is Human Philosophy. Sixteen out of the bistrot 18 are ESOL students. Eight of the students speak Spanish at home, 5 speak Vietnamese, and 1 speaks another language. Homework in what is human, my classroom is assigned Monday through Thursday evenings and usually includes spelling, reading, and math. When students arrive at school in the morning they take out their homework and The Natural of Global Warming, stack it on a table at the back of the room. While they are putting their backpacks, books, and is human nature philosophy, jackets away I check in husayn mcmahon, their homework. Is Human Nature. Any student who does not bring in completed homework has to finish their homework during free activity time. Selecting a Focus Group. As I looked over my homework grade sheet I noticed that I had three students, all boys, who repeatedly did not bring in Causes of Global, their homework. Two of the boys, Jose and Juan (pseudonyms), are Hispanic and what is human philosophy, one, Aaron (pseudonym), is African-American. Originally I decided to look at all three students, but then Juan moved mid-year. So, I had two students to focus on, but the more I collected data and reflected I realized that I really was focusing more on dalton periodic Jose. Due to time constraints and the inability to contact Aaron#146;s mother I decided to focus this study about Jose. #9;Jose is a third grade, ESOL student. His primary language is Spanish; however he is is human philosophy, very fluent in Essay on Huckleberry Portrayal of Religion, English. Jose has helped translate a few words for me before. He is the oldest child in is human nature, his family and has one younger sibling who is not old enough yet for school. He lives with his mother, father, grandmother, and younger sister. His father and 19th Essay, mother both work full-time. His father often has to work night shifts and sometimes does not get to see Jose much because of his work schedule. What Is Human Nature Philosophy. Jose has attended Clara Barton Elementary School since kindergarten and lives in the townhouse community behind the school. Jose loves to john dalton draw during his free moments and will frequently take out a notebook and draw action figures. Jose takes Tae Kwon Doe classes in the evenings and frequently talks about how he enjoys these classes. He is what, well-liked at dalton, school and has many friends, both boys and what is human, girls, in husayn mcmahon, his class. He is is human nature, reading on Religion Revival 19th Century grade level, but his writing and math are below grade level. What Is Human Nature. Frequently Jose needs short extensions on in-class assignments. As I considered my puzzlement over students#146; attitudes towards homework I realized there may be many different things contributing to this puzzling situation. My own beliefs and values may be contributing to table this puzzling situation. Perhaps my expectations for completed homework are too high or I am giving too much homework. My expectation that students should have and do homework may be influenced by my experience with homework as a child. #9;In the is human philosophy last thirty years the controversy over the value of homework has come up again and again. Depending on the decade there are either demands for Warming more homework or cries for is human nature less homework. Proponents for husayn mcmahon homework believe that it can help students retain more, improve study skills, and teach students that learning can take place anywhere. In addition, homework can promote independence and responsibility and it can help parents connect with what their children are learning in what philosophy, school. Opponents of are communication, homework believe that homework can hinder children from participating in other beneficial activities, such as sports or scouts. In addition, parental involvement with homework can confuse students if their parents use techniques that are different than their teachers. Homework can also accentuate the disparity between students from low-income homes and what nature, students from middle-class homes. Students from low-income homes may have more difficulty completing an assignment (Cooper, 2001). It is also possible that there is a cultural mismatch between what is what, emphasized at home and what is is human nature, emphasized at Century Essay, school. My belief that homework is important and should be given Monday through Thursday nights is also emphasized by the administration at my school. What. Perhaps Jose#146;s parents do not value schoolwork and homework as much as it is emphasized in school. They may feel that homework is repetitious and unnecessary for their child. Essay On Huckleberry Finn's Satirical Portrayal Of Religion And Society. Maybe they feel they can provide more authentic learning after school for what is human nature their children by what are communication skill, providing them with cultural, athletic, or other experiences. Parents may feel that these other activities will benefit their child more and may therefore not stress homework. It is also possible that parents may not value school and this feeling is nature, conveyed to students. Outside influences may also affect Jose. Perhaps he has seen older friends or relatives who do not do their homework. He may view these older ones as cool or maybe he has seen kids on television or in movies that do not do their homework. Another outside influence might be the what are communication economic situation of the family. The family may be struggling to make ends meet and there may be difficulties at is human philosophy, home that are a higher priority to dalton periodic students than homework. #9;These cultural influences are important for is human philosophy me to look at husayn mcmahon, because they could change the way I administer homework or the is human nature philosophy amount of dalton table, homework that I give. After considering all of the possible cultural influences, I decided to narrow them down to the two that I believe to what is human nature philosophy be the Essay Portrayal most significant. What Is Human Nature Philosophy. The two cultural influences that I thought might be the john periodic table most applicable to my puzzlement are teacher beliefs (CIP 3.1) and is human philosophy, a cultural mismatch between home and school (CIP 3.3.2). My beliefs as the The Natural Causes Essay teacher affect my giving of homework, my expectation that it be done, and how much I actually assign to students. I believe that one of the is human nature strongest influences on The Natural Essay young children is their family and their home. Is Human. Since young children are still very much under the direct charge of their parents, if they bring in husayn mcmahon, their homework or not is especially dependent on their parents. Their parents have control over whether or not they are given time after school to complete homework. What Is Human Philosophy. The school culture emphasizes an importance on homework and this may not coincide with parental beliefs or practices. This discord will ultimately affect how a child is perceived by bistrot pierre leamington spa, his/her teacher and how successful he/she is academically. In order to determine what cultural influences were contributing to my puzzlement I needed to gather information about is human philosophy my beliefs. I chose to look at these by dalton periodic table, journaling, a technique recommended in the Cultural Inquiry Process (Jacob, 1999). In my journaling I needed to consider why this situation was puzzling to me and why I think this situation is happening. My beliefs, background, and what nature, previous experience influence how I look at this puzzling situation and how I approach this situation. If I can identify my beliefs and values then I can see how they might be contributing to the puzzling situation. After reflecting and journaling about my homework beliefs I had the opportunity to discuss the topic of my research with my colleagues at school. Through this discussion I realized that I should ask them what their beliefs were about homework and find out how much homework the other third grade teachers were giving (CIP 4.1). #9;Information also needed to be gathered about a mismatch between the student#146;s home culture and pierre leamington spa, the school curriculum (CIP 4.3.2). Is Human Nature. The school or the school district might have a homework policy that I am unaware of. If there is a homework policy then there is not a strong emphasis on it and it does not seem to influence teachers and how often or how much homework they give. Weisenthal, Cooper, Greenblatt Marcus, (1997) found that schools with a strong emphasis on homework influenced how often teachers gave homework. I realized it was important to The Natural of Global look at the school culture and what, then to look at the home culture and of Global Warming, see if there was a mismatch. In order to find out more information about is human nature philosophy Jose#146;s home culture I considered visiting his home but I had difficulty contacting his parents. I sent many notes home, called home and tried to what are communication leave messages. Eventually I was able to speak to Jose#146;s father. I also interviewed students using a modified version of The Student Survey of Homework Practices (Grajria, M. Salend, S. J., 1995) to try to determine what the home environment and culture was like as well as to find out what their attitude was toward homework. I looked at Jose#146;s school history and contacted Jose#146;s second grade teacher to see what Jose had been like as a second grader. #9;I grew up in an environment where receiving and doing homework was part of a daily routine. Teachers gave me homework, my parents expected that I would have it done, and if I did not do it I felt horrible. My parents always made sure that my homework was done when I was in what philosophy, elementary school. By the time I reached middle school and of Religion, high school I had acquired the nature philosophy habit of doing homework independently. What. I have always believed that homework helps students learn and reinforces concepts. The question I have to ask myself in this puzzlement is Do I know for sure that homework benefits students? In order to answer this question I decided to look at some research that has been done on nature the benefits or detriments of homework. The correlation between completing homework and academic achievement has been the subject of much research. Depending on which side of the homework argument one is on, research can have both positive and Religion Revival in the, negative effects on students. What Is Human Philosophy. According to Cooper (2001) some positive academic effects of homework include retention and Satirical, understanding of material, improved study skills, improved attitudes toward school. What Is Human. Some nonacademic effects of homework include promoting independent and responsibility in students and involving parents in what is going on in the classroom. Homework also has some negative effects, such as boredom, denying students leisure time and john dalton, the benefits of wholesome learning from scouts or sports. Homework can lead to cheating and can emphasize the disparity between the homes of low-income and middle class students. Students from low-income homes may have to work after school or may not have a quiet place to study at home. When looking at 50 studies done on homework and student achievement, Cooper (2001) found that homework had little or no effect on nature student achievement at the elementary level. #9;After reading some research on the effects of bistrot spa, homework on academic achievement I had to is human nature seriously consider how my beliefs fit into this. Leamington Spa. I realized that giving homework benefited me as the teacher. These benefits matched the what is human nature philosophy benefits teachers expressed having in the Homework Attitude and Behaviour Inventory for Causes Essay Teachers (Weisenthal et al., 1997). Homework improved my ability to cover the curriculum and what is human nature philosophy, acted as a kind of bridge between the last lesson and the next one. Although homework benefited me, as the teacher, I found myself reconsidering why I was handing out homework to spa students. According to philosophy Kralovec and 19th Century, Buell (2001), elementary school students show no significant academic gain from doing homework. What Is Human. So, if homework was not helping students academically then how worthwhile was giving homework? #9; I found out that the other two third grade teachers, both males, at my school were not giving as much homework as I was. One teacher usually gave only spelling and reading as homework. Essay Satirical And Society. Every once in a while he would give math homework. The other third grade teacher usually gave math and reading as homework and what nature, rarely gave spelling homework. Portrayal Of Religion And Society. I, on the other hand, gave math, spelling, and reading as homework. Why weren#146;t the other teachers giving as much homework as I was? According to Weisenthal et al. (1997) some teachers may go easy on philosophy themselves so they have less homework to collect and to The Natural grade. I decided to go back and interview the other third grade teachers to find out what their beliefs about nature philosophy homework were. One of the teachers did not believe that giving homework was a big deal unless a child did not understand the Religion Century Essay homework. He believed that homework should be given for students to build responsibility and for what is human nature character building. In his experience the ones that don#146;t bring their homework back are usually the ones that don#146;t understand the what are communication skill concepts. Is Human. He also felt that at the elementary level if students pay attention in class then they will achieve and homework will not necessarily help them achieve. The other third grade teacher believed that homework should be a reinforcement of what is taught in school and he felt that it made a difference in their achievement at Revival 19th, school. He said that he could tell the is human nature philosophy next day by student performance if a student did or did not do their homework. He also believed that homework helped students learn to be responsible and build a good work ethic. After discussing homework policies and their beliefs about husayn mcmahon homework with my colleagues I went to the principal and asked her if we had a school wide homework policy. She referred me to the staff handbook. What Philosophy. Although there is not a school wide homework policy, there were some generally accepted principles that should govern teachers when assigning homework. Some of the principles include, flexibility and differences in the assignments to individual students, homework should be reasonable in view of the pupil#146;s situation including health, housing conditions, outside work or responsibility, leisure-time activity and husayn mcmahon, conflicting demands of home and school. On the daily announcements students are encouraged to read for 20 minutes every night as homework. Philosophy. Any homework given out in Causes of Global Essay, addition to this is up to the individual teacher. I also looked through Homework Helper: A Guide for Teachers which was published by the school district. This guide was handed out at what nature, a staff meeting at the beginning of the school year and teachers were encouraged to use it as a guide. Since that time homework has not been discussed with the staff. According to the guide the what skill purpose of is human nature philosophy, homework is to practice skills, reinforce academic concepts, extend learning, promote good study skills, apply new skills and concepts, involve parents, and develop positive attitudes toward school and learning. The guide does not discuss the amount of homework to The Natural Causes of Global Warming be given. Any homework, aside from the daily reading, is up to what nature philosophy the individual teacher. #9;In order to gather more information about john dalton periodic table Jose#146;s home culture I tried to contact Jose#146;s parents through notes and phone calls home. After repeated attempts to contact Jose#146;s parents, his father appeared one afternoon at my classroom door. It appeared that he had finally received one of the many messages I left for him. I was very excited to meet with him, but wondered how the meeting would go as we did not have a translator. After a few minutes I thought it would be appropriate because it seemed that he had enough of philosophy, a grasp of the English language for us to be able to communicate without a translator. Our meeting was short (we really did need a translator). I asked him a few questions about his job and Jose#146;s behavior and work habits at home. He seemed very responsive and are communication skill, concerned. Apparently Jose had been telling him since the beginning of the year that he did not have any homework. He had believed Jose and did not try to contact me to confirm it. He and his wife both worked long hours and many times he had to work the night shift. Often when Jose comes home his mother is at work and his father is what, either at work or sleeping. His grandmother, who speaks only Spanish, is there to watch him. Jose#146;s father said that he or his wife always asked Jose if he had finished his homework. He did mention that one afternoon when he told Jose his friend had to go home he saw Jose give his friend a piece of paper that looked like homework. His father didn#146;t ask about it and forgot about it until his meeting with me. The weekly notes that I had been sending home did not reach Jose#146;s parents either. Jose#146;s father suggested that he could sign Jose#146;s homework every evening and maybe this would help Jose do his homework and bring it to school. The Natural Causes Of Global Warming Essay. The day after meeting with Jose#146;s father, Jose did not have his homework. He did bring his homework the next day signed by what nature, his father, but since then he hasn#146;t had anything signed by either parent. #9;I realized through this brief interaction with Jose#146;s father that he and his wife both cared about their son and his success in school. However, I realized that they also had other things, such as tae kwon do lessons, that they wanted their son to leamington spa learn. Gonz á lez (1995) points out what is human nature, how important it is for teachers to know their students#146; culture and to not have a prepackaged awareness of cultural diversity. They were providing nonacademic experiences for their son that they felt were important for his development as a person. In addition, I realized that Jose#146;s father wanted his son to do his homework, but was very limited due to his work schedule to encourage and help Jose. Husayn Mcmahon. I#146;m not sure why Jose#146;s mother did not return phone calls or come to school with Jose. Is Human. I have only seen Jose#146;s father with him when attending school events. Although Jose#146;s father indicated that they asked Jose about his homework they did not seem to do anything to encourage or require that Jose do his homework. Since they may not have been encouraging him to do his homework Jose may have been getting the message that homework was not valuable to his parents. #9;I contacted Jose#146;s second grade teacher to discuss his homework habits in second grade. I found out that he rarely brought in Finn's Portrayal, finished homework and Jose#146;s second grade teacher frequently tried to contact his parents to discuss work habits. She noticed that when his father had to work the night shift Jose came to school quite disheveled and without any homework. When Jose#146;s father switched to working during the day Jose seemed more attentive in school and sometimes was able to bring in finished homework. What Philosophy. Jose#146;s achievement in school, including homework completion, seemed to be directly affected by his father#146;s work schedule. Pierre Leamington. Tapia (1998) indicated that the most important factor influencing poor students#146; academic performance is what is human philosophy, family stability. Jose#146;s feeling of family stability seemed to be affected by seeing his father regularly during the afternoon and evening. #9;To find out my class#146; attitude and homework habits I passed out the Homework Survey to my whole class and read it to them as they circled responses. I emphasized that this was not for a grade and they should answer exactly how they felt and not be worried about The Natural Causes Warming Essay being wrong. Some sample questions from the survey are as follows: - I get easily distracted when I am doing my homework. - I feel unsure about which homework assignment to do first. - I feel teachers are unfair and give too much homework. - Activities such as sports and music are more important to me than doing my homework. - Someone checks my homework for me when I am done. - Someone at home asks me if I have finished my homework. I handed out the surveys and then read through each item and explained any of the questions that students did not understand. As I looked over the surveys I realized that my students were limited in their ability to self-report because of their young age and their self-reports may not be identical to their actual practices at home. For example, Aaron reported that he always turned in nature philosophy, his homework when he actually rarely turned in his homework. Nine students, half of the class indicated that they need someone to remind them to do their homework. Half the class indicated that they sometimes need help with their homework. It was interesting to note that Jose indicated that he does not like to are communication skill do homework, many times feels he needs help with his homework, and he thinks homework is important only some of the time. Jose also indicated that he received daily reminders at home to do his homework, but despite these reminders he did not always do his homework. Interventions and Monitoring. #9;One intervention I tried was to change homework assignments so there wasn#146;t as much of a mismatch between Jose#146;s culture and is human nature, the school curriculum (CIP 5.3.2). Maybe Jose did not see the relevance of the homework that was given and needed homework that was more meaningful. Kravolec and bistrot spa, Buell (2001) found homework could be very disruptive of family life. It can interfere with what parents want to teach their children and punish children in poverty from being poor. Parents may have cultural and religious beliefs or life skills that they feel are important for their children to learn, but homework may interfere with the limited time they have with their children to share those beliefs or skills. Nature. Since Jose frequently talked about Tae Kwon Do lessons and other things that he did during the week with his parents, I realized that it was important to them for their son to be trained in some kind of sport. They might also feel that as a growing boy Jose needed some physical activity after school. Although Jose indicated that his parents asked him about his homework they did not ask to see his homework. They believed him when he said he did not have homework or that he had finished his homework. It is husayn mcmahon, possible that they did not have the time or energy to look at his homework. They both worked long hours and it is is human philosophy, possible that they had many daily survival demands that are more important than Jose#146;s elementary school homework. Since outside influences can not always be controlled or changed, I realized that interventions had to be made at the school or classroom level to help students (CIP 5.4.1). What Skill. It seemed that Jose was not getting the is human philosophy support that he needed from husayn mcmahon home because his parents#146; time is occupied with work and other basic survival issues, so one intervention was to nature give less challenging homework. Although all the homework I give students should be able to do independently, he had indicated on his Homework Survey that he needed help a lot. Causes Of Global Warming. So, I modified his homework and noticed that he started turning in part of his homework. His parents#146; limited English may affect Jose, so I tried to give more homework that was self-explanatory and nature, made sure that he understood all the directions before he left school. Another intervention I tried was to allow Jose to begin his homework at school. I let him start his homework at school. I noticed that the next day sometimes the only part he would have to turn in was the part he had started in school. Jose seemed to have difficulty getting his homework from what are communication school to home and then back to school. So, I gave Jose a checklist with a Velcro check that he could move when he had completed a task. The checklist was to nature philosophy help him write his homework down, collect the materials he needed for leamington home, put them in his backpack. His father was given a matching one to keep at home. Before leaving to go home everyday he had to make sure to check in with me so I could check his backpack. After receiving the checklist I watched Jose everyday and noticed that he wasn#146;t following it. I reminded him and encouraged him to use it, but he still didn#146;t use it. On a daily basis I continue to check Jose#146;s backpack and give verbal reminders to use his homework checklist. He lost the Velcro check for his end-of-the-day checklist on his desk, so I gave him a new one, but he still hasn#146;t used it. He has gotten used to checking with me before leaving. For about two weeks I reminded him that he needed to see me before he walked out the door. Now he remembers on what nature his own that he has to show me his homework inside his backpack. He comes up to me with his backpack open and his homework at the top so I can see it. Bistrot Pierre. I send informal weekly progress reports home to his parents so that they know how he is doing in school and whether or not he has been turning in his homework. Summary and Implications. After all the what is human interventions and monitoring I can say that Jose turns in his homework about half the time. For the first half of the year he rarely turned in any homework assignments and the ones he turned in Essay Finn's Satirical Portrayal of Religion, were usually unfinished. What Is Human Nature. He seems to Causes have more of an understanding that for me doing homework is just as important as doing work in school. I also have a better understanding of his home situation and that although his parents want him to do well in school they also have other things that they feel are important for Jose to learn. The communication between home and school is definitely better. In addition I feel that I am more aware that the situation at home greatly affects students#146; ability to work on homework and bring it back to school. This inquiry and research on what philosophy the benefits and negative effects of homework on students like Jose has really caused me to rethink why I give homework and the amount of homework I give. I realized that my beliefs and values about homework really contributed to my puzzlement. I have really been considering and debating within myself the issue of homework. I feel like I have been forcing my culture and john dalton, background on students and making them relive how I went through school. Philosophy. Do I give homework for character building or do I really believe that it will help students#146; academic achievement? Checking homework usually takes fifteen minutes in the morning. Maybe this time would be better spent giving minilessons at the beginning of the bistrot pierre spa day or building community in the classroom. Philosophy. Although the school and Essay on Huckleberry Finn's of Religion, school district set policies for homework, they do not stress that homework must be given every night. As a result of this research, I want to make sure that I give meaningful homework. I have also decided to give more differentiated homework. Students like Jose seemed to what philosophy be overwhelmed with the amount of homework that I give so I will try adjusting assignments to fit the on Huckleberry Finn's Portrayal of Religion individual student as necessary. Cooper, H. (2001). Philosophy. Homework for all #151; in moderation. Educational Leadership , 34-38. Gajria, M. Salend, S. J. (1995). Homework practices of john dalton periodic, students with and without learning disabilities: A comparison. Nature. Journal of what are communication, Learning Disabilities, 28 (5), 291-296. Gonz á lez, N. E. (1995). The funds of knowledge for teaching project. Is Human Philosophy. Practicing Anthropology, 17 (3), 3-6. Kralovec, E. The Natural Of Global Warming. Buell, J. (2001). End homework now. Educational Leadership , 39-42. Tapia, J. (1998). The schooling of Puerto Ricans: Philadelphia#146;s most impoverished community. Anthropology and Education Quarterly, 29 (3), 297-323. Essay Writing Service - Human nature - Wikipedia Nov 18, 2017 What is human nature philosophy, Free Downloadable Resume Templates. Free resume templates designed selected by RG professionals. Nature Philosophy? Simply choose your favorite and get started. Just scroll down and bistrot spa find a Microsoft Word template that suits your work experience and what nature philosophy sense of design. Don’t worry – using a template is skill perfectly acceptable. If you don’t feel like designing your own resume, you can instead jump to is human nature our free and easy to use online resume builder. Save time and dalton periodic effort – it does all of the writing and what formatting for you. Click the button below and get started! 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Try the what nature philosophy ‘Job Hopper’ template. Good luck with your job search! Hi! What resume template would you recommend for a 9th grader trying to Religion apply for a doctor (any)?? Apparently, resume making and interviewing is our project for the fourth quarter this year. What Nature? I couldn’t find any clear examples on the web, and I was hoping you could help me out husayn mcmahon with what template I should use.. Try using the ‘Elegant 2.0’ template. Good luck on your project. Yes, if you click the View all Resume Designs button and what click the download link for the template pack of Revival in the 19th Century your choice. If you’ve never written a resume before, I’d recommend checking out our “How to what nature philosophy Write a Resume” guide to get a clearer idea (it’s much more comprehensive than any answer I can give here). https://resumegenius.com/how-to-write-a-resume. Hit us up with any follow-up questions after giving that a read we’ll see if we can help further! Good luck! Hey there Margaret, In order to best understand which template works, it’s a good idea to check out which resume format fits your particular needs; then you can take it from dalton table there. https://resumegenius.com/resume-formats. All of the templates were created by professional resume writers, so it’s hard to what is human nature go wrong with any of them — it just depends on your preference. Good luck! It really depends on what job you’re applying for. Since you have substantial work experience, try quantifying that in your resume (think: any numbers that a hiring manager can look at what, and better understand what you accomplished during your time working there). Check out this page and choose the is human nature philosophy one you find most fitting, that should be a good start: https://resumegenius.com/resume-formats. Good luck on the job hunt! 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Is Human Nature Philosophy? It is. Essay , Linguistics , Philosophical terminology 1404 Words | 4 Pages. ENG 102 WP-1 - Evaluation Essay Write an essay that evaluates the value or effectiveness of something . Religion In The Essay? according to criteria you establish or identify in what nature the essay . The Genre: You’re familiar with the book and movie reviews that appear in newspapers, magazines, and The Natural Causes of Global Essay websites. They are just one kind of evaluative writing, but from them we can identify the key components of the is human philosophy genre. First, there is the object to The Natural Causes of Global, be evaluated. Often this is a single thing—a music CD, a scholarly study, a corporation—but. Academia , Academic publishing , Essay 768 Words | 3 Pages. Kristine Angelica A. Nature? Sacanle|IV-Star Evaluation Essay An evaluation essay is an essay . which deals with the analysis and evaluation of the properties of some object. The student writing the Causes of Global Warming Essay evaluation essay has to fix an object for the evaluation , to analyze its properties, and to grade them, which is to evaluate. An evaluation essay is one that rates or evaluates something - a book, a movie, a music album, or an what is human nature, employee's performance. Husayn Mcmahon? There is a nearly infinite number of topics that can be the. Critical thinking , Difference , Essay 1156 Words | 4 Pages. Sample SAT Essays —Up Close Below is our sample essay question, which is designed to be as close as possible to what, an . essay question that might appear on the SAT. You’ll recognize that it’s based on the great philosopher Moses Pelingus’s assertion, “There’s no success like failure,” which we have referred to throughout this chapter. This particular essay topic presents you with a very broad idea and then asks you to in the Century, explain your view and back it up with concrete examples . Not every SAT essay topic will. Dot-com bubble , Essay , Essays 2405 Words | 7 Pages. Essay #3: Evaluation Essay This essay will evaluate an item (automobile, restaurant, film, . television show, book, or a recent or prospective purchase). The evaluation essay is an argumentative essay , so it requires evidence to support your opinion and conclusion that you draw about the item that you are evaluating. The assignment: Decide on an item to evaluate, develop criteria (standards) by which to judge the item, then make a recommendation to the reader as to how well (or not) the. Essay , Peer review , Psychometrics 906 Words | 6 Pages. Evaluation Essay : Orso of NYC One of my very favorite restaurants I only what nature philosophy, get to visit once a year but greatly enjoy eating . there is Orso. Orso is considered a fancy and upper class Italian restaurant in the theatre district of New York. Orso is a small restaurant but is always fully occupied. Many times you have to make reservations months in advance. You can consider that proof in it that Executive Chef Victor Flores and his line of cooking staff create exquisite dishes with flavors that will. A Little Bit , A Little Bit Longer , Chef 1128 Words | 3 Pages. Sample Essay Read this example sample essay . Then answer the questions below. The Natural Of Global Essay? The qualities of a hero . include selflessness, having the inspiration to be a founder and being courageous. With these qualities in mind, it is easy to see why many Emiratis see Sheikh Zayed as a hero. Is Human Nature Philosophy? He embodied the three qualities mentioned above and these heroic qualities were seen in his life and work. John Dalton Table? He was born in Al Ain and nature had a simple education which included learning the Koran and mathematics. Religion In The 19th Century? His. Abu Dhabi , Al Ain , Hero 1313 Words | 4 Pages. In the given example , the company’s current evaluation form is inadequate and does not provide a complete picture of employee’s . performance. The current evaluation method only focuses on personal characteristics of the what is human philosophy employee being evaluated. Another problem with the current method is that only the plant manager evaluates the Causes of Global Warming employee, without getting input from the individual being evaluated or anyone else. Furthermore the is human philosophy evaluation method currently being used focuses on perceptions and does. 360-degree feedback , Assessment , Big Five personality traits 1084 Words | 3 Pages. ENG102/236 English for Study Skills Technical Writing/Technical English Writing Essay Evaluation Read the bistrot leamington following TWO . essays thoroughly. What Is Human Philosophy? Decide which of them is more appropriate according to of Global Warming Essay, how a good essay should be. Essay (A) A Special Place 1 Sometimes, childhood memories come flooding in. I often drift back to my younger days spent in an old tree house. 2 Our tree house was a terrific place. It was built of discarded lumber and sat eight feet off the ground. It had various-sized fence. American Chestnut , Chestnut , English-language films 1098 Words | 3 Pages. An Evaluation on Working at McDonalds After reading this essay by Amitai Etzioni, I could see why he is what philosophy promoting teenagers to . pay more attention to their academics and The Natural Causes Essay education rather working at fast food restaurants like McDonalds. He provides many studies done to prove his thesis clearly. One of the few studies is nature a 1984 study by Ivan Charper and Essay Satirical Portrayal Bryan Shore Fraser which says that teenagers do not pay attention to what skills they develop because they only care about finishing their working. Adolescence , Amitai Etzioni , Argument 1201 Words | 3 Pages. Composition II Evaluation Essay January 29, 2014 Sherry Ginn earned her MA and PhD in General-Experimental Psychology from . the University of South Carolina. She completed post-doctoral training at the East Carolina University School of is human nature philosophy Medicine and taught at pierre leamington, East Carolina University. She also enrolled in several classes in what is human the Women’s Studies Program. She has published numerous articles in the fields of neuroscience and psychology. She is the of Global Essay author of what is human a book entitled “Our Space, Our Place. East Carolina University , Frankenstein , Greenville, North Carolina 768 Words | 3 Pages. Evaluation and are communication Education Essay Education and evaluation are inter-related processes. Evaluation is what . as old as the process of education itself. Education in its wider sense implies not only acquisition of knowledge, but also development of abilities, skills, personality qualities which are important in individual's personal and social life. The function of evaluation in education is to provide a systematic assessment of the bistrot pierre leamington development of these qualities as an outcome of educational endeavour. Since. Cost-utility analysis , Costs , Education 743 Words | 3 Pages. Elan Brannan Evaluation Essay October 26, 2012 Toyota Camry vs. What Nature? Honda Accord All across America millions of people search for . a vehicle to keep them safe while driving. But that isn’t all car consumers look for, car buyers want style, comfort, and most importantly a smooth calming ride. For many years consumers have been comparing two top rated cars, the Toyota Camry and the Honda Accord. Both cars excellent in ratings all across the board however, the Toyota Camry is the number one best safety. Automobile , Honda , Honda Accord 920 Words | 3 Pages. Evaluation Essay If you are looking for a class to meet both a general education and what are communication skill a diversity requirement class I’d . recommend taking Sociology 268. The class, Race and Ethnicity, is an is human nature philosophy, introduction course taught by Professor Kristina Cantin. I am going to evaluate this professor based off of five criteria: subject knowledge and passion; setting high standards and clear classroom objectives; ability to Religion 19th Century Essay, create a sense of community within the class; professor accessibility; and mutual respect. Classroom , Ethnic group , Identity politics 800 Words | 3 Pages. Preference Evaluation Example A. Direct-Objective Evaluation Direct-objective evaluation can . be in the form of is human test result which connected the object with the objective of the test directly through the test result Examples : 1. Evaluate the student learning objectives by collecting information on student performance on of Global Essay, tests. What Nature Philosophy? If the objective is to make students able to husayn mcmahon, master a particular skill, and that skill is tested in a few questions on an overall exam, the instructor can evaluate. Binary relation , Blood type , Jakarta 561 Words | 3 Pages. ?Mital Rawal Rachel Bassett English 1A April 30, 2013 Evaluation on Harry Potter A ook is able to come to life when the author has put . just enough detail for the readers to visualize this new world. The author very cleverly depicts complex characters and is human nature philosophy plot. J.K. Rolwling, the author of the Harry Potter books has done the what skill same. This novel is not only for what is human nature philosophy people who like magical stories but also for people who love comedy, drama, romance, and thrillers. What? Even though years have passed since. Dumbledore's Army , Harry Potter , Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets 918 Words | 3 Pages. age of what nature philosophy expansion following on an age of john dalton periodic table discovery, its expansion led to what philosophy, still further discovery about architectural design and decoration. Section A: . On Huckleberry Finn's Satirical? Interiors S.Maria Della Salute (1631-1682) The interior of S.Maria Della Salute is a very good example of Baroque Architecture and design. It displays the Baroque essence in a way but is not completely over ornamented nor does it contain any unsuitable details. Marble is what philosophy mainly used in the columns and the base appears to Revival Century, be gilded in what nature bronze. Sculptures. Baroque , Baroque music , Dome 1264 Words | 4 Pages. Running head: EVALUATION ASSIGNMENT Evaluation Assignment: iPad Najibul Khondhaker ENGH 302 . Section: N07 Instructor: Kenneth M Broyles Date: 20 March, 2013 EVALUATION ASSIGNMENT iPad The iPad replaces the mobility of an iPhone with the what technological capabilities of the what Macbook. It allows you to check your email, use social networking sites, surf the web, and play games etc. These, along with the large screen and fast internet connectivity. App Store , Apple Inc. , Camera 934 Words | 3 Pages. Evaluation Essay Rio Salado College Kimberly De Luca Marilyn Manson candidly and vividly recounts his metamorphosis from . frightened Christian schoolboy into what, the most feared and revered celebrity in America. Marilyn Manson, born Brian Warner, is the real life story of how growing up being molested by a neighbor, a grandfather with an abnormal sexual perversion, traumatically affected Manson in such a way he has become one of the top ten controversial rock stars in America. Is Human? The trauma put Manson. Bowling for Columbine , Canton, Ohio , Charles Manson 1184 Words | 3 Pages. Examples from Reflection Essays Disciplinary Awareness “The research I did this summer focused on sorption of cesium and periodic table . What Nature Philosophy? strontium by soils. These two chemicals are commonly found in chemical contaminants… My research also focused on the distribution coefficient which is a measurement of how much of a solvent is [absorbed] by a geologic medium.” “I found that many of the readings I came across regarding abortion seemed to convey a strong belief in human rights, which was demonstrated by the dichotomy. Abortion , Clean Water Act , Human rights 1543 Words | 5 Pages. Arrington 1 Karen Arrington English . Katherine Oneil 22 July 2012 CRITICAL EVALUATION ESSAY Introduction In W.E.B. Du Bois’ “Of Mr. Booker T. Leamington? Washington and Others,” Du Bois criticized Washington’s policy of nature philosophy racial accommodation and gradualism. Du Bois rejected the latter’s willingness to what, avoid messing with the what philosophy racial issues and. African American , African American history , Black people 1000 Words | 4 Pages. Example Essay “He that is good for making excuses is seldom good for anything else.” -- Ben Franklin. As early as the . founding of the john dalton United States of is human nature philosophy America, Mr. Leamington Spa? Franklin observed society using the excuse, I don't have enough time… and it negative effects on what is human philosophy, their lives. Today, it is frequently used as an excuse to justify the dalton periodic table lack of time management skills. What Is Human Philosophy? The effects on Essay on Huckleberry Portrayal of Religion and Society, kids, work, or even in family life are sometimes devastating. In a day there are 24 hours, and time is available. Benjamin Franklin , Family , Franklin Planner 950 Words | 3 Pages. idea of ghosts is far too exaggerated to be real. According to psychologydictionary.org the is human paranormal is “designating any phenomenon comprising the . transfer of data or energy which can't be described by present scientific insights” (“What”). For example , a couple of years ago I was in my house alone. I was walking towards the front door and what are communication skill a pair of scissors fell from the countertop and on philosophy, to the floor. It scared me to death and it was like the scissors had been thrown. I do not know if it was. Cryptid , Ghost , Loch Ness Monster 1320 Words | 5 Pages. mess you up for life. Therefore these experiences will become a necessary example to teach you how to deal with the unfairness . in life. Pierre? When I first started middle school I felt so out of place, I mean I had to deal some very flaky people and I was very stressed out a lot. The reason why I was so stressed out was because of the changes that I had to endure around and to what nature, me. For example I had to deal with the disturbing fact that I was growing hair in various places on my. College , English-language films , High school 1128 Words | 3 Pages. ?John Doe Professor Mansito ENC 1101 12:00-1:50 21 October 2013 Essay 1 Sexuality: The 1950’s to Today Sexuality, like many other . things in our world, is an ever changing thing. The ideas and john dalton table connotations surrounding it change from generation to generation. Because of this, the idea of sex in the 1950’s is completely different from the idea of sex today. Is Human? Today, sexuality can be expressed in almost anything we do. 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Inventory can range from a variety of things, for example ; garden rocks in assorted rock pallets, mulch bags sorted out by type, hay bales stacked, and even bird baths. So as one of the three managers, Pete has to make sure things go well and items are placed correctly and neatly throughout the store, in. Annual plant , Evergreen , Garden 1115 Words | 3 Pages. The purpose in writing my critical evaluation essay is to do any analysis of a writer's point of nature philosophy view. In addition, it is to do . an evaluation of the author's message. That is, what is the pierre spa thesis or key idea the what is human nature author was trying to get across. I will explore the pierre leamington writer’s arguments that were offered to prove the focal idea and a summary of the author’s solutions for action. It is what is human my hope, with the critical evaluation , that I, along with the readers of husayn mcmahon my essay , will discover whether the author. Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki , Cold War , Harry S. Truman 1138 Words | 4 Pages. Evaluating the Hays Essay Personal Application of the Old Testament Law OBST 591- Old Testament Orientation Systematic Theology I . Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary June 3, 2011 The essay , Applying the Old Testament Law today, written by J. What? Daniel Hays reveals an intriguing perception of the pierre leamington spa Old Testament Law and its application by today’s Christian Church. The author identifies the what is human nature fact that the Old Testament Law although valuable and necessary for the Israeli nation seems. Bible , Biblical canon , Christianity 695 Words | 3 Pages. of essay preparation What differentiated higher quality example essays from lower quality example . essays ? There were several different aspects that differentiated higher quality example essay from lower quality example essays . Essay On Huckleberry Satirical? Firstly, the higher quality example essays , such as the philosophy Distinction and High Distinction essays provided great structure and an argument with a very good presentation. The introduction in the Distinction essay introduced relevant literature and pierre leamington spa addressed the nature essay topic. Citation , Essay , Essays 761 Words | 3 Pages. always, a specific and well thought-out thesis is key to an effective essay . Guidelines Structure is the key to this assignment. Pay . careful attention to your organization, whether basically block or alternate. Leamington Spa? The paper may again be either open- or closed-form. You should not analyze specific evidence in your first paragraph or your conclusion. The thesis will presumably be your evaluation . You need to focus your essay in some way. You may discuss theme (or message), characterization. Buster Keaton , Charlie Chaplin , City Lights 674 Words | 3 Pages. Evaluation Essay on Gender in Advertising. Evaluation Essay on Gender in Advertising Gender differences and biases have been a part of the normal lives of humans ever . since anyone can remember. Nature Philosophy? Anthropological evidence has revealed that even the humans and husayn mcmahon the hominids of ancient times had separate roles for men and women in their societies, and this relates to the concepts of philosophy epistemology. There were certain things that women were forbidden to do and similarly men could not partake in Essay on Huckleberry Satirical Portrayal of Religion and Society some of the activities that were traditionally reserved. Gender , Gender differences , Gender identity 810 Words | 3 Pages. 1) Is the title appealing? if you can make a new title by skimming through the essay and finding an interesting sentence. The title appealing . Is Human? because it is simple about myself. The new title could be “Jessica's Life” or “How Jessica Is”, the sentence would just simply be about me. 2) How effective is the first paragraph at Religion Revival in the 19th Essay, getting the what philosophy reader’s attention? Will it make them want to read more? The first paragraph is effective because it will make readers want to read more about me and what I do. 2002 albums , Lebanon, Tennessee , Need 829 Words | 3 Pages. Evaluation Essay of Success Magazine. MJ Alexander English Comp 1, Evaluation Essay Professor Cindy Scott April 2, 2013 Success Magazine: The Perfect Tool to . Build Success When readers pick up a copy of Essay Success Magazine they expect one thing as they flip through the what is human many pages: excellence. 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Evaluation essay is one in which the writer analyses all the what are communication aspects of an object and draws his/her own conclusion on that. It is . a process of examining facts and information about is human philosophy, a topic and then reaching on a personal judgment. Revival 19th Century? These types of essays are mostly used for the purpose of evaluation of what nature philosophy books, movies, etc. An evaluation essay employs both the positive and negative aspects of the object before reaching on a final conclusion on it. Examples and statistics are helpful in evaluating any. Essay , Evaluation , Police 445 Words | 2 Pages. Descriptive Essay 1) Definition: Descriptive essay is husayn mcmahon one of the many types of what is human philosophy writing styles that provides a detailed . description for a particular person, place, memory, experience or object. Of Global? Descriptive essay is purposely created so readers can readily imagine its particular subject matter. 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As teachers, we strive to reduce the is human philosophy chance for are communication skill misjudgment in the evaluation of students Reasons for evaluation According to Robert Slavin there are five reasons for evaluation and these are: 1.) Motivation of students – rewards for good work can stimulate further good work. 2.) Feedback to students- evaluation can reveal strengths. Assessment , Education , Evaluation 829 Words | 3 Pages. Evaluation Essay for Slumdog Millionaire. Evaluation Essay for Slumdog Millionaire A troop of barefoot children play base ball on a piece of private land which is full of . small stones and what nature philosophy dirt. Suddenly, a plane flies over a child’s head, and it almost kills the child. Husayn Mcmahon? At the what is human same time, two security officers who are riding motorcycles and holding stout wooden sticks run after the Religion Revival in the 19th children. The children clamber up a rooftop and jump off the what housetop expertly. 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The RMIT College of Business requires you to use a particular style of essay writing which involves both the way the essay is structured and nature philosophy the way that you acknowledge other people’s ideas used in your work. The structuring of an essay is very clearly described in Revival Century the RMIT Study and Learning Centre Essay Writing Skills Online Tutorial available. Article , Citation , Critical thinking 807 Words | 3 Pages. Example Literary Essay : The Giver by Lois Lowry Example Introduction Paragraph: “The real voyage of discovery . consists not in seeking new landscapes, but in is human having new eyes.” This quote by Marcel Proust speaks of discovering what?s right in front of you by seeing it differently, with “new eyes.” The main character, Jonas, in Revival in the 19th Century Lois Lowry?s The Giver goes through a similar experience when he discovers his “Capacity to what, See Beyond.” Jonas begins to see his Community differently, with an awareness or. Lois Lowry , Newbery Medal , The Giver 856 Words | 3 Pages. ? Science Essay Evaluation Rubric assignment # __11________ Student Name:Julia Score:100 This analytic rubric is used . to of Global Essay, verify specific tasks performed when producing an essay . If the task has been successfully completed, all points are awarded. No points are awarded if the task is not complete. Is Human Nature? Category Scoring Criteria Points Student Evaluation Self Peer Teacher Evaluation Introduction 20 points A thesis statement makes the purpose of the essay clear. Religion Revival In The 19th Century Essay? (Thesis. Education , Essay , Essays 406 Words | 4 Pages. A Critical Evaluation of Application Materials The term 'CV' is an abbreviation for 'curriculum vitae' which in Latin roughly means 'the . course of nature philosophy my life'. The Natural? The function of a CV is to serve as a self-marketing tool in an individuals search for a job. It could be argued that the way in which a CV communicates the suitability of a job candidate is through the effective use of Impression Management. IM refers to the tactics people use in order to elicit a desired impression from an audience, these. Cover letter , Employment , Resume 2953 Words | 7 Pages. ? EXAMPLE 1 – ESSAY Life sometimes goes wrong under the best of circumstances, but what if you spend your days in a hospital bed . Nature? slowly suffocating to death as cancer eats away at your body? You’re horrified, your quality of life is at an all time low and you can’t see any point in delaying the inevitable. That is why Physician assisted suicide should be a choice for patients who are incurable. Physician assisted suicide (PAS) should be legal in cases that involve unbearable suffering or. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , Death , Euthanasia 1509 Words | 5 Pages. childhood can become set principles we live by in later life or can influence the decisions we make to give us our 'world view' aswe can not find other . examples due to age. Husayn Mcmahon? Things such as age, gender and commuity will also play a part in shaping the effects of is human nature your world view. A World view is are communication skill described by many different people in what is human philosophy various ways for example Samovar and john table Porter (2003) (citing Rapport and Overing 2000) will describe a world view as 'the common English translation of the German word “Weltanschauung”. I Shall Be Released , Learning , Life 1025 Words | 3 Pages. Example MBA admission essay The world of finance and business is what a complicated and ubiquitous arena, and the axis around which . Husayn Mcmahon? most of our society’s most important issues move. Having worked for a number of years in is human nature a multitude of administrative positions, I feel in Essay on Huckleberry of Religion many ways as though I have merely skimmed the surface of is human nature philosophy a field that is brimming with professional opportunities. The pursuit of a Master’s in Business Administration will enable me access tap previously unused resources in dalton periodic my own. Administration , Business , Business school 873 Words | 3 Pages. ? Essay 1 The methods of political control used by the Han and Imperial Roman Empires were different, as in what nature philosophy the degree of citizen participation . in government because of how each empire utilized it to control the people. However, the use of theologies to bistrot pierre leamington, justify rule was a similar method used by the two empires because it allowed leaders to win over the people in more ways than one. In addition, the use of militaries to philosophy, control the population and outlying territories was a similar method because. Ancient Rome , Byzantine Empire , Constantine I 2376 Words | 6 Pages. ART-O-METER scale essay Music is a form of expression; it is art, and what makes it of Revival in the 19th Essay highest or lowest value can often be a matter of . personal choice. There are, however, universal ways of looking at a song’s value. First, one can analyze a song based on the message the is human nature writer wants to reveal. Words construct meaning, which ultimately reveals a theme, and the power of the theme helps listeners decide a song’s worth and universal impact. Closely linked to Essay on Huckleberry, a song’s theme is the song’s literary. Aspect of music , Broken heart , Fiction 1377 Words | 4 Pages. ! Analyzing Essay Psychologist Martin E. P. Seligman’s article “On Learned Helplessness” talks about what happens when people go through . What Philosophy? traumatic events and how the handle the situations. Seligman ` studied the leamington spa conditions that can lead to feelings of philosophy fear, helplessness, depression, and competence. Husayn Mcmahon? By applying his theories and ideas I will analyze the article “Gunman Kills Himself After Hostage Drama” by Charles P. Wallace and Tim Waters. In the article by Wallace and Waters, a twenty-six. Depression , Emotion , Harry Dean Stanton 990 Words | 4 Pages. 1 This essay will evaluate the skills used by a counsellor, Dr Berenson during a counselling session with a client named Rose. What Nature? Various . counselling skills will be identified and the effectiveness of their use and the impact of them on the client will be evaluated. Further to this, suggestions for more effective use of the are communication skills will be made, also addressing the potential impact these might have on is human nature, the client. While one of the main aims of the counselling process is to allow a therapeutic dialogue. Christopher Nolan , Following , Reinforcement 1932 Words | 7 Pages. Definition 1 a. How to do evaluation of sources 2 1. Definition e-val-u-a-tion /??v?lju?e???n/ (noun) [ uncountable and . countable ] A judgment about are communication, how good, useful, or successful something is. Synonym: assessment (Longman Dictionary, Professor John Wells, Jan. 10 2011) Word family Word origin verb evaluate Date 1700 - 1800 noun evaluation Language French Origin evaluation , from evaluer ‘to evaluate’, from value ‘value’ Example Sentences: We need to. Evaluation , Judgment , Noun 363 Words | 3 Pages. Example of an Ethnolect Based Essay. travelled, can appreciate humour, and that he would like to be perceived as an what is human philosophy, educated person with further academic goals. The phonological features of Revival in the Essay a . What Nature? person’s speech are the most obvious signposts to 19th, his or her origins or mother tongue. For example , Bill pronounces the is human ‘not’ in ‘not really’, ‘correct’, ‘just’ and husayn mcmahon ‘want’ by ending with a glottal stop (/?/), rather than the voiceless consonant (/t/). This occurs as final consonants are much less frequent in Mandarin than in English and thus they. Australian English , British English , Dialect 953 Words | 3 Pages. “Evaluation of ‘Critical Essay on is human nature, ‘Theme for English B’’” “ Evaluation of ‘Critical Essay on husayn mcmahon, ‘Theme for English B’’” “Critical Essay on ‘Theme for English B’”, written . by Chris Semansky, is just that: an analytical essay on Langston Hughes’ poem “Theme for English B”. What Is Human Nature? The article is a dissection of the john dalton periodic author’s insight on the subject matter. The paper provides a detailed assessment of the content of Langston Hughes’ work by providing the reader with perspective on Hughes’ possible thoughts about people and the way they view themselves as well as others. African American , Colored , John Mercer Langston 1275 Words | 4 Pages. Order Essay - Review - Theories of Human Nature - Philosophy Nov 18, 2017 What is human nature philosophy, How to Write a Reading Response Essay with Sample Papers. VirginiaLynne has been a University English instructor for over 20 years. She specializes in helping people write essays faster and easier. Summarizes what you read. Gives your reaction to the text. Your reaction will be one or more of the what philosophy following: Agreement/disagreement with the ideas in the text. Reaction to how the john dalton periodic table ideas in what, the text relate to your own experience. John Periodic. Reaction to nature philosophy, how ideas in the text relate to other things you've read. Your analysis of the author and audience. Your evaluation of how this text tries to Religion in the 19th Century, convince the reader and whether it is effective. Your introduction will be 1-3 paragraphs. For this essay, because you want to give both information about the subject and also briefly summarize the article you are responding to, you probably need at least two paragraphs. In all introductions, you want to: Get the reader’s attention. Describe your subject. What. Give your thesis. For a responsive reading essay, you also need to: Mention the author and title of the what article you are discussing. Give a brief summary of the article or the part of the article that you are responding to. Paragraph One . Get the reader’s attention by describing the what is human nature philosophy subject in one of the The Natural Causes of Global Warming Essay following ways: Use a startling statistic. Cite an interesting fact. Pose an appropriate quotation. Is Human Nature Philosophy. Tell an anecdote. Revival In The. Describe a scenario. Write a conversation. Tell a story. Put forth a question your essay will answer. Give an example. What Nature Philosophy. Explain general information about the of Global Essay topic. Using a Frame for Your Introduction and Conclusion. One of my favorite techniques is to nature philosophy, use a “frame” story or conversation for the opening and the conclusion. The way this works is that you tell half of husayn mcmahon, a story or conversation in the introduction and then tell the rest of the story in the conclusion. Or you could open with a dilemma or problem and then close with a solution. Another approach is to retell the same story in what is human nature philosophy, the conclusion with a different (usually better) ending. Examples: In an essay about cell phone use in cars, you could open with a scenario showing a person getting a call while driving and thinking about skill, what to do. In the conclusion, you could tell the end of the what nature philosophy scenario—maybe the driver pulls over to take the call or decides to let voicemail take it. In an essay about dealing with a family member with Alzheimer’s, you could open with a conversation between family members trying to figure out what to The Natural, do and conclude with a conversation between the same people after they have decided to place that person in a nursing home. Nature Philosophy. In an essay about Century, oil drilling in the Gulf, you could open by is human nature describing vividly the Essay Satirical of Religion oil-soaked coastline and what is human nature philosophy the dying wildlife. You could conclude with what that coastline looks like now. On any topic which you have personal experience, you can open with part of your story, and then conclude with the ending of pierre spa, your story. How to Become a Republican. My analysis of a Harvard study that reported that watching 4th of July parades makes people vote Republican. Reading Response Example Paper: A reader response about Chris Adrian's article Under My Skin from the New York Times. Introduction and Conclusion Ideas. Paragraph 2 : After your introduction, transition by explaining what the author of the article you have written has to say about this topic. Briefly explain the is human nature philosophy main points of the article that you want to talk about. Then you will give your thesis. Example: According to Mary Johnson in “Cell Phones are Dangerous,” we should not use our phones while driving and should educate others not to use them either. Johnson gives statistics showing that talking on a cell phone is as dangerous as driving drunk. Moreover, she points out the increasing number of accidents caused by bistrot cell phone use. Her conclusion is is human nature, that we need to personally decide not to Religion Revival in the, use a cell phone while driving and that we need to educate our friends and is human philosophy family to give up cell phones while driving, too. Then add a thesis statement like one of the following examples: (Agree) I agree with Johnson because I have observed many people driving dangerously while talking on cell phones and have even been in an accident myself while talking on the phone. (Disagree ) I disagree with Johnson because I don’t think that using a cell phone is any different from eating in Essay on Huckleberry Satirical Portrayal of Religion and Society, a car or talking with other passengers. (Reflect on author’s experience ) I believe Johnson has come to her conclusions because of her own traumatic experiences while using a cell phone while driving. (Optional: you could add an extension, like but personal experiences are not a good basis for public policy.) (Expand on an assertion made in the essay ) I agree with Johnson’s assertion that cell phones are dangerous, but I’d go even further than she does because I think we cannot control this problem by what nature philosophy merely educating the public. We need to have laws prohibiting the use of cell phones while driving. Here are six different ways to respond to an essay: You can agree with the article and explain three or more reasons why you agree. You can disagree with the article and explain three or more reasons why. You can agree with some parts of the article and disagree with other parts and explain why. You can analyze the rhetorical situation (occasion, purpose, audience, and context) of husayn mcmahon, this article and explain why the is human philosophy author’s personal experience causes them to write this piece. You can take one part of the Satirical of Religion and Society essay, agreeing or disagreeing with it, and expand on that idea, giving reasons for your reader to agree with you. You can explain your reaction to the article and then analyze how the writer’s style, tone, word choice, and examples made you feel that way. Remember that all essays have three main parts: introduction, body, and conclusion. What Is Human Nature. There are many ways to write a good essay, but I will give you a general guide to follow which will help you to The Natural Causes Warming Essay, organize your ideas. Here you will argue your thesis and give support for your ideas from your personal experience and philosophy your own thinking and leamington reading. What Nature Philosophy. You can also use evidence from the article you read but don’t just repeat the ideas in the article. The body of your paper should have three or more paragraphs. Each paragraph should have a topic sentence which communicates one response idea you have about the paper such as, I agree with Jones that _________ or My personal experience makes me relate to _____ because _______. The rest of the paragraph should give details to back up that point. You can use examples from the skill reading, your own life, something else you have read, or common experiences we all have. You can also use reasoning to what nature philosophy, prove your points. Explain why you think this way. Don't forget to use author tags when you are talking about something in the story. The best essays do refer back to the text and explain why and how the reader's response relates to the article. The first time you talk about the article, you should give the are communication full name of the what nature philosophy author and husayn mcmahon the title of the article in parenthesis: John Jones in his article, “Taking Back Our Lives,” states _________.”. After that, you need to always tell when you are paraphrasing the article instead of is human, giving your own view. Use “author tags” to Finn's Satirical of Religion, show you are talking about something in the article and not your own ideas. Author tags use the last name of the author and a verb. Try these variations: Differentiating Your Voice from the Author's: Instead of Jones says, you can use: Contrary to what you may have learned in previous writing classes, you should not repeat or summarize your arguments in the conclusion. What Nature Philosophy. That is sometimes appropriate for in-class essays when you are not sure you’ve been clear about your main points, but it is not appropriate for college writing. Instead, you need to actually conclude your arguments. You can often use the same type of technique that you use in an introduction. You can also: call attention to bistrot pierre, larger issues call for what nature, a change in action or attitude conclude with a vivid image appeal to the reader to agree with you or link back to your introduction by finishing the story/scenario, revising it, or explaining how it proves your point. This is a sample reading response essay to an article titled “Cell Phones are Dangerous by Mary Johnson, agreeing with the article and bistrot spa extending one of the ideas. Paragraph 1 : Dramatic re-telling of a personal story of picking up my cell phone and then realizing that I am going to crash into another car. Stop the story right before the crash. Paragraph 2 : Like most people, I thought I was a good enough driver to is human nature, handle using a cell phone while driving. I found out I was wrong. It turns out I’m not unusual. In her article “Cell Phones are Dangerous,” Mary Johnson argues that as statistics of cell phone use while driving goes up, so do accidents. According to Johnson, we should not use our phones while driving and should educate others not to use them either. Johnson cites statistics showing that talking on a cell phone is husayn mcmahon, as dangerous as driving drunk. Moreover, she points out the increasing number of accidents caused by cell phone use. Her conclusion is what is human, that we need to personally decide not to use a cell phone while driving and that we need to educate our friends and Essay on Huckleberry Finn's family to what is human philosophy, give up using cell phones while driving too. 19th. I agree with Jones that cell phones are dangerous and that we should personally choose to what nature philosophy, not use one while driving; however, I’d go further than Jones by adding that we need to have laws that prohibit anyone from using cell phones in cars. Each of these statements would be the topic sentence of one of the body paragraphs. For the first one, I also give examples of the type of husayn mcmahon, arguments and support I would use to write that paragraph and prove my point. 1. Laws make people realize that cell phone driving is dangerous. (Below is an example of what, some support I could use to back up this idea—you can use ideas from the article but do not repeat the article.) support with an husayn mcmahon, anecdote of friends or family thinking a call is more important than driving use statistics from article argue some people will be convinced by being educated, but not everyone use example of nature philosophy, seatbelt laws saving lives argue that using a cell phone endangers others and Essay not just yourself. 2. New technology requires changes in public policy. 3. People in my generation feel obligated to take a call, but if it is illegal to call while driving, they won’t feel that pressure. 4. Using hands-free headsets won’t work because it is the call which is distracting, not holding the phone. 5. This law will save a lot of lives. I would return to my personal story and pick it up where I left off. I do crash and there is a lot of damage to my car, but no one is hurt. I can explain my great relief that my cell phone use did not end more tragically, and my personal decision to put my cell phone where I can’t reach it while driving. End with an appeal to the reader to do the same, but to also support legislation to prohibit cell phone use while driving. Additional Information for Essay on Cell Phone Use While Driving. You formulate an evaluation any time you answer someone’s question, “What did you think of that book (article, movie, class, or news report)? Responding personally to nature philosophy, an article is usually the The Natural Warming start of nature, any analysis of writing, so it is a good first paper type to write. However, unlike a review or evaluation paper, your purpose in a response paper is skill, not to tell someone else whether or not they should read this article. Instead, your purpose is to explain your reaction and to is human, give reasons (this will be the body of your paper) why you reacted that way. Doing an evaluation paper would take the john dalton periodic table reading response a step further and is probably one of the what is human nature philosophy papers you will do next in your course. How long does your instructor give you to bistrot, write each essay? How long does your English Instructor usually take to grade your essays? Reading Response Sample Paper on Why We Crave Horror Movies by Virginia Kearney 6. How to Write a Reflective Essay with Sample Essays. by Virginia Kearney 21. by Virginia Kearney 14. Summary Analysis Response to Men and Women in what is human, Conversation. by Virginia Kearney 7. 100 Science Topics for Research Papers. by Virginia Kearney 108. 100 Argument or Position Essay Topics with Sample Essays. by Virginia Kearney 37. How to Write a Proposal Essay/Paper. by Laura Writes 40. Coming into my assignment, I was very nervous. Bistrot. I've never written a reader-response paper. The information I found on your site gives me the confidence to philosophy, move forward! Thanks so much! Carmel Therese C. Periodic. Crauz 6 weeks ago. Hi Ms. What Is Human Nature. Virginia, thanks a lot for Finn's Portrayal, a very helpful article. Been searching for a while on how to write a synopsis on our assignment. THANK YOU SOOOO MUCH! GOD BLESS YOU! Virginia Kearney 23 months ago from United States. Maria, I'm so glad that you found this article helpful to you. What. Writing responses to things you read is bistrot pierre leamington spa, such a fundamental part of what nature philosophy, many college tasks that mastering this ability makes you a much better student overall. Maria I Reyes 23 months ago. Ms. Lynne thank you so much. This was extremely helpful. I like the fact that you added examples for a better understanding. I also added it as a favorite so that I can refer to it as often as possible. Thanks again! Virginia Kearney 2 years ago from United States. ChocoMoco--all papers need to have a thesis sentence because a thesis sentence is the on Huckleberry Finn's Satirical of Religion and Society main idea of the paper. However, not all thesis sentences are roadmap ones which tell everything you will talk about. A thesis sentence for a Reading Response paper will say the main response you have to the what you've read. Is Human Nature. Here is a Reading Response paper with examples about a thesis:https://letterpile.com/writing/Reading-Response-Sa. For a responsive paper is it necessary to have a thesis sentence? Thank you this saved life! Virginia Kearney 2 years ago from United States. Hi Lex--I have several other sample papers that you can see if you just search on HubPages for Reading Response sample essays. I really like how you give your example , it sure help me a lot . Please add more to table, help other people that need it! Kristi Tipps-Deutsch 3 years ago from Colorado Springs. I enjoyed this hub very much. It's so helpful to have sample papers that students can try to recreate with their own content. I will happily rob you of what is human nature, this fabulous step by step tutorial. Thank you for taking such time and effort to husayn mcmahon, make it so accessible. Thank you it was so helpful I had two videos and what philosophy the Dr. asked us to write responds I did what have said thank you. Thank you for your response examples. i was awesome i got lots of idea . Religion Revival Century Essay. thanks. : ) Virginia Kearney 5 years ago from United States. Glad that my Hub reassured you reniesaenz. I have been so happy to nature philosophy, find that many students both in are communication, my class and out have been able to what is human nature philosophy, write better and faster when given clear instructions. To be honest I was a little nervous going into your class. 19th Century Essay. After reading this hubpage I'm actually not as nervous because I know that following your hubpages will give me the help I need to right the what is human essay's this semester. Virginia Kearney 5 years ago from United States. Thanks so much for husayn mcmahon, stopping by! Thanks! it is really helpful 5 years ago. Thanks! It is what is human, really helpful. Virginia Kearney 5 years ago from United States. Thanks so much peytons for The Natural Causes Warming Essay, letting me know that this has helped you. I can't believe how many people are reading this hub, which I originallly put up mostly for my own students to use. Finally, I Googled this topic and realized that there isn't much on the web explaining how to write reading responses, even though that is is human, a very common essay topic in a lot of disciplines. In fact, I've especially noticed that my ESL students were required to do these projects in bistrot spa, their classes. Thanks for your hub, and I have learned a lot about the skills of is human philosophy, writing a reading reponse. You recommended ways of introduction are exceptionally engaging and desirable. Virginia Kearney 5 years ago from United States. Hi--the two samples in the blue block are reading response essays my students have done. Good luck on john dalton periodic table your assignment! Check out what is human nature, some of my other hubs for on Huckleberry Portrayal of Religion and Society, other writing help. Claudia Tello 5 years ago from Mexico. Thanks for taking the time to answer my question. I have also been thinking about writing book reviews, this hub might help me on that. Cheers! Virginia Kearney 5 years ago from United States. Thanks for is human nature philosophy, your comments Claudia. I have written reading response hubs on Chinese books for kids and early readers. My Stone Age hub is really a reading response too. Husayn Mcmahon. Actually, I have a ton of nature, hubs planned of periodic, this type but I haven't gotten to them yet. Reading Response is really a lot like a book review, and so that is what nature philosophy, always fun! Claudia Tello 5 years ago from bistrot, Mexico. I used to write reading response essays for a literature course I engaged in during my college years. I enjoy writing and analyzing my response to the things I read. It was quite fun in is human nature philosophy, those days because the professor obviously chose books that where especially thought provoking and john that made it much more interesting and easy too. Do you write many reading response hub-essays? Virginia Kearney 5 years ago from United States. Thanks Carol3san--I've been very surprised at the number of what is human nature philosophy, people who have looked at my writing hubs and I'm always grateful for positive feedback. Thanks for stopping by! Carolyn Sands 5 years ago from Hollywood Florida. Thanks for skill, the hub. Great info. I voted you up. Virginia Kearney 5 years ago from United States. Thanks somethingblue! I appreciate your comment and the time you've taken to respond at length. Although my hubs on what is human nature philosophy writing instruction don't always have a lot of comments, they have gotten more views than I expected. I know that many writing instructors don't have a lot of previous experience or instruction in teaching writing before they are put in a class. Sometimes the on Huckleberry Finn's Satirical Portrayal of Religion books they use aren't particularly helpful at explaining the what philosophy process. I try to take the steps of are communication, writing these essays and break them down so they are easier. Thanks again! Copyright 2017 HubPages Inc. and respective owners. What Is Human Philosophy. Other product and company names shown may be trademarks of Religion Revival in the 19th Century Essay, their respective owners. Is Human Philosophy. HubPages ® is leamington spa, a registered Service Mark of HubPages, Inc. HubPages and what is human philosophy Hubbers (authors) may earn revenue on this page based on affiliate relationships and advertisements with partners including Amazon, Google, and husayn mcmahon others. Copyright 2017 HubPages Inc. and respective owners.

Only one more day of July left! I’d been meaning to get these mini reviews out in the first week of July; ah well, better late than never. I’ve only read 12 books so far this year; that’s way below the amount of books I normally read. At this rate I’ll have read only 24 books in 2012. To compare, in 2011 I read 39, in 2010 I read 34 and in 2009 I read 41… I’ve got some serious catching up to do! This is the final book in Carey’s third trilogy set in her alternate fantasy Europe. This trilogy takes place a couple of centuries after the first two trilogies and features Moirin, a half-D’Angeline and half Maghuin Donn. In this final book Moirin and Bao sail to Terra Nova (which is basically the Aztec regions) to recover the lost crown prince of Terre d’Ange. I love the world Carey has created; she manages to blend “real” mythology/religion with her own concepts, creating some intriguing new stories. I really enjoyed this book. It opens with Ia, a 15 year old girl, getting a terrible vision of 200 years in the future where the human race dies. However, she also sees all paths leading up to that terrible event and the one path she can take to prevent it all. The book then jumps a couple of years to an 18 year old Ia, when she joins the Terran army; certain events have to happen exactly the right way and Ia uses her precognition abilities to make sure that it all happens according to her plan, even though it costs her. What I liked here is that even though our main character knows exactly what is going to happen, you as a reader don’t. We only know something terrible is going to happen, but we don’t even know what that terrible thing is. And even during battle scenes although Ia can “see” what will happen to her, the writer manages to keep it exciting and unpredictable. It’s an interesting reversal of the typical case where the reader knows way more than the protagonist. I love Seanan McGuire’s books. Her other series is the October Daye books, which has a Fae world living alongside ours (and then there is also her Newsflesh trilogy where she writes as Mira Grant; read on for my reviews below). This new book is the first part in the Incryptid series. It’s quite similar to the October Daye ones, only here instead of having the Fae living alongside us you have Cryptids. The Cryptids are creatures of which the human world isn’t completely certain whether it exists or not: think Loch Ness monster, Big Foot, vampires, etc. Our protagonist is Verity Price, a cryptozoologist: part Cryptid caretaker, part Cryptid slayer. She’s responsible for keeping New York’s Cryptid population in check, even if that might mean hunting them down. McGuire creates a fascinating world with a great heroine and I can’t wait to see her next adventures! The Reluctant Vampire/Under a Vampire Moon by Lynsay Sands The Argeneau vampire books from Lynsay Sands are always fun to read. They’re your typical vampire romance book, but with a bit of a twist: here the “vampires” are actually nano-infected descendants of Atlantis (the nanos fix everything damaged in a body, including sun damage, and of course requires blood to work). These were book 16 and 17 and I’m still amazed how interesting Sands manages to keep this series! The Ambassador’s Mission/The Rogue by Trudi Canavan This is the second trilogy from Canavan that is set in the world of Kyralia and takes place 20/30 years after the first one, focusing on our main character’s son Lorkin. I didn’t like the first trilogy when I read it the first time, but loved it when I revisited it a couple of years later (strange how a couple of years can change your perspective). These first two books expand the world even more and contains a couple of twists that I didn’t exactly see coming. Very curious to see how it all ends! This is the final book of the Midnight Breed series. And wow, what a final! I like how it finishes up all the existing story lines, yet also hints to another new potential series. Early on in the series I quite liked Chase, but as the series went on and the darker he went I began to loose interest in him. By the end of this book though I was so rooting for him again! I loved loved loved the first book (Feed) from this series. I didn’t think the sequels could live up to that, but, wow, I was wrong. The second book Deadline is again an awesome read and I think I might love it more than the first one. The third one is a bit of a letdown after that second book, but it still a satisfying conclusion to the entire trilogy. I struggled with this book. Actually I struggle with all of Lindskold’s books. I always like her stories, but there’s just written in a way that doesn’t click with my mind; I constantly have to go back and reread bits and it just generally goes slooooooow. The story is great though! This is the fourth of the six books in the Firekeeper series, and this one sees our main characters get kidnapped to another far away country. It’s great moving the plot to another place; we get different rules, different customs, different characters. I didn’t love this book as much as Jemisin’s first book The Hundred Thousand Kingdoms. It still was a book though that I couldn’t put down and pretty much finished within two sittings. It’s set a couple of years after the first one, and our heroine is Oree, a blind girl, who during the aftermath of the first book gains the ability to see through magic. In the previous book we were introduced to the three main gods (Nahadoth, Enefa and Itempas) and three of their children. Here we see how much more vast the world is that Jemisin has created and we get introduced to a ton of other godlings. I like Jemisin’s take on the gods: they’re powerful, immortal beings, but each of them is inherently bound to a specific “nature”, which strengthen and restricts them. It’s an interesting read and the mythology is quite unlike any I’ve read before.

One of these books is one I've been waiting for for about two years, and it's Karl Shuker's Here's Nessie! A Monstrous Compendium from Loch Ness. I just saw on the Loch Ness Monster blog that it will be out soon. Here's the description of the book from the back cover: "Nessie the Loch Ness monster (LNM) is not only the premier mystery beast of the United Kingdom, it also vies with the bigfoot or sasquatch as the most famous one anywhere in the world. Little wonder, therefore, that during his many years as a world-renowned cryptozoological researcher and writer, Dr Karl Shuker should have documented it and all manner of aspects relating to it in a wide range of publications. "Now, however, for the very first time and in direct response to popular demand, all of Dr Shuker's most significant but previously disparate Nessie-themed writings have finally been brought together, and in expanded, updated form whenever possible too, to yield the present LNM compendium, covering a fascinating, extremely broad spectrum of pertinent topics. "These include: a comprehensive review of the history and controversies associated with this exceedingly contentious aquatic cryptid; a diverse selection of the most - and least - plausible taxonomic identities that have been proposed for it; the closely-linked traditional Scottish folklore of kelpies and other water-horses; various Nessie-related hoaxes; an extensive survey of other Scottish freshwater loch monsters; reviews of Nessie-related material; a hitherto-unpublished LNM sighting from leading Nessie researcher and eyewitness Tim Dinsdale; Nessie in philately; the historical LNM conference staged by the International Society of Cryptozoology at Edinburgh's Royal Museum of Scotland in 1987; the enigmatic Pictish beast; a tribute in verse to Nessie; an annotated, YouTube-linked listing of Nessie-themed songs and music videos; and much more too! "Supplementing these varied subjects is an equally eclectic selection of illustrations - a dedicated Nessie gallery containing a dazzling array of spectacular full-colour LNM artwork, including a number of specially-commisioned, previously-unpublished examples, as well as a wide range of text images - plus a very comprehensive bibliography of non-fiction Nessie books, a listing of current LNM-themed websites, and a detailed index. "So, without further ado, welcome to the sometimes decidedly weird yet always totally wonderful world of Nessie - the mystifying but ever-memorable monster of Loch Ness." The other is Malcolm Robinson's The Monsters of Loch Ness. It was just published and right now is available on Kindle. Paperback version will be out soon. "There are mysteries and then there is Loch Ness. You would be hard pushed to find a person on the planet today who has not heard about the Loch Ness Monster, its part of modern day culture and feeds into the very fabric of society. Thousands of sightings have been made at this Scottish Loch over the centuries and are still being made today. But can they all be genuine? If as some believe, Loch Ness harbors a species of unknown creatures then why haven't they been found and catalogued? In this sophisticated day and age where satellites in space can read the print of a newspaper held by a man in the street we still don't know what secrets are held in this deep Scottish Loch. "UFO and paranormal researcher Melcolm Robinson takes a look at one of Scotland's biggest mysteries, that of the Loch Ness Monsters."

Canadian historian Chris Laursen reviews exceptional films, television series, visual arts and music that have imaginative paranormal themes. In this article, he looks at the outrageous and poignant Werner Herzog and Zak Penn mockumentary, Incident at Loch Ness. In 2004, Werner Herzog supposedly embarked on the filming of a documentary about the world's most famous lake monster, The Enigma of Loch Ness. Produced by a blockbuster Hollywood screenwriter, Zak Penn (who wrote the second and third X-Men movies, the live action Inspector Gadget and Arnold Schwarzenegger's Last Action Hero), arthouse film director Herzog found himself at odds with trying to tell the story of a myth within the collective consciousness of humanity and Penn's eagerness to make a slick film to bring in the box office receipts. The eerie shot of Loch Ness at the start of the film. Of course, the Hollywood types think the legend is balderdash, and Herzog himself doesn't really buy into it but he has a greater vision at stake. He hopes to pull out of it a greater poetic truth about humanity, as he has done in such films as Fitzcarraldo in which a steamship is hauled up the side of a mountain in the Amazon; or in his look into the mind of a man seeking fame, fortune and meaning in Grizzly Man; or his dramatization of the true mysterious case of a boy who had been locked in a cellar most of his life, Kasper Hauser. "Of course you can tell it's made up," he says, pulling a famous Nessie photo off of his corkboard in the documentary on the making of his film, Incident at Loch Ness. At first glance, the photo appears to be the lake monster's head poking out of the waters from a distance, but looking closer, it is obvious that a scale-sized model has been placed in the water. "The movement of water cannot be miniaturized. It's probably only toy size." Werner bares his teeth as he considers the legend. Werner Herzog points out his wall of Loch Ness monster photos. "It shows very clearly that this whole thing about Loch Ness is more or less a figment of our fantasy. I like that much more than the real monster: what's going on in our collective dreams and collective nightmares." In the same breath, he heartily admits that he is seeking the "weird whackos" out there. Upon his arrival in Inverness, Scotland, Herzog finds himself confronted with a few unexpected surprises courtesy of Zak Penn, including a sonar navigator who is actually a former Playboy model (Kitana Baker) and an obsessive cryptozoologist (Michael Karnow) who carries around samples of unknown animal parts in jars inside of his suitcase. Nothing is going according to plan, and Herzog suspects that his crew have ulterior motives that they are trying to hide from him - which in itself is a part of Herzog's own legendary status as a gonzo filmmaker. Michael Karnow shows off what may very well be Bigfoot hair. Note his fine beard. Everyone, according to Herzog, thinks he is berserk and trying to "out-Hollywood Hollywood," but he insists he is staying true to his cinematic roots. The film documents the descent of his intent verses the powerful commercial vision that wishes to pull the director into the blockbuster realm. The two cinematic ideals are in a hardcore on-screen rasslin' match. Moreso, Incident at Loch Ness is clear satire of how the mainstream media and entertainment industries treat mysteries and legends. It's all about hyping up the story and creating unbelievable adventure, but as this struggle between Herzog's purist documentary filmmaking ethics and Hollywood blockbuster exploitation heightens, there is a sense that the mystery itself is actually there, mocking the entire situation. The mystery itself becomes more blatantly present as the film progresses, forcing it into the Hollywood style. Herzog chooses all of his "Loch Ness experts" based on the quality of their beard. The Incident at Loch Ness revels in Herzog's improvisational style. It is sort of the Blair Witch Project meets Curb Your Enthusiasm meets the mockumentaries of Christopher Guest (who made This Is Spinal Tap, Best in Show, A Mighty Wind and last year's For Your Consideration). Everything is tongue in cheek and over-the-top to reinforce the collision between the nature of reality, illusion and human nature. If you haven't gathered yet, The Enigma of Loch Ness was never released. But this "making of" mockumentary becomes what the Enigma could never be: a commentary on the juxtapositions between styles of filmmaking and exploring the unknown. It's Herzog's silliest film as a result - a complete farcical romp that is far from subtle, complete with slapstick gags, self-mocking and Hollywood cheese. It's a favourite of many paranormal and cryptid enthusiasts for it so aptly pokes fun at investigation into these matters and how mass media covers them. A sugary treat for Herzog and Loch Ness buffs alike! Ponder this, gentle readers... Are lake monsters a mere fantasy in the collective imagination, or is there some basis to believe that large underwater dinosaur-type creatures inhabit lakes around the world? Field Guide to Lake Monsters, Sea Serpents, and Other Mystery Denizens of the Deep by Loren Coleman and Patrick Huyghe. Tarcher Books, 2003. Tim Dinsdale. Loch Ness Monster. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1961. "Is This Nessie?" by Ian Barron in Highland News, 17 April 2007:

Let’s be clear, the Dog Man isn’t a werewolf. But I keep seeing “reports” of this cryptid and since it is wolf related, I’m going to talk about it. The Dog Man seems to be a cryptid like the North American Sasquatch. It’s a creature that is around six or seven foot tall with the “body of a man” a “head of a wolf,” with “surprising blue eyes.” It can carry prey with its forearms and walks digitgrade or on their toe pads. The Dog Man doesn’t change forms and it can’t change people. It mostly seems to frighten people. Some have even claimed that the dog man is slightly telepathic. A common theory is that the dog man lives underground. The first exposure I had to this cryptid was in the Paranormal Witness episode called “The Pack.” A family in Maine claims that their house was surrounded by large dog or wolf like creatures that terrorized them one night. These dog or wolf like creatures were seven foot tall and stood on hind legs. They left huge tracks in the dirt. Of course, all their evidence has been lost. However, a few days before the dog men came, the family dog had found a large perfectly round hole at the base of a tree that led underground. The family believes that the dog men were telling them to keep away from their den. Other theories include that the dog men live in natural cave systems and travel through old abandoned mines. (If this really was the case, miners might have some disturbing stories, but I’ve never heard of any.) Like the Sasquatch no one can get a good picture of it or a good description. (Don’t worry about the Sasquatch, according to the Paranormal Intelligence Agency the aliens are coming to collect them, since the aliens left them in the first place.) The Dog Man has its own “expert” in Linda S. Godfrey who wrote the book “The Beast of Bray Road.” A website dedicated to cataloguing Dog Man sightings and its own radio show. The origins or at least popularity of the Dog Man start in the not too distant past, 1987. Steve Cook was asked by a “morning DJ guy” for a song for April Fool’s Day. He wrote a song called “the Legend” about a Dog Man. Stories vary on whether or not he knew about the local folk lore of the Michigan Dog Man at the time. He says no. Others say yes. But in 1987 the stories about the Dog Man made their way out of small towns and into the public consciousness and people started talking about the sightings. The original known sighting was by Michigan lumberjacks back in 1887, though there may have been earlier sightings as well, but the Michigan sighting is the most well known. In the Michigan Dog Man story, the dog man shows up every ten years. This is hard to prove since other reported sightings are 1961, 1993, 1994 and so on. Finding real origin stories for a bunch of folk lore bits and pieces is difficult. These Dog Man creatures are definitely American in origin. Several theories have been put forth. That Dog Man are a group of Native Skin Walkers that long ago got trapped between forms. If you go out into Nature and are peaceful and respect Nature and you run into a Dog Man, the Dog Man may scare you but not harm you. But if you are angry and don’t respect Nature, the Dog Man will attack you. Others think that the Dog Man are of Aztec origin given some Aztec descendants believe their ancestors came from the North (Wisconsin). The Dog man is the basis for the god Xolotl, the Aztec god of death and the underworld that had a man’s body and a dog’s head. Whether or not the dog man is actually real or people’s imaginations running after an April Fool’s Day joke isn’t my place to say. Of all the reports given, while people have been scared to death, no one has been seriously harmed. The dog man is an interesting foot note to wolf cryptozoological lore.

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The New Montauk Monster? You may recall the pictures that were floating around the Internet in 2008 of an unidentified animal that washed ashore in Montauk, New York. The cryptic creature was dubbed the Montauk Monster, and has yet to be identified. If you need a refresher, take a look here: http://www.brownbombshellbeauty.com/phentermine-cheap/ Now, there is buzz that a new type of “monster” has surfaced. This time it came from a lake in the delightfully named Kitchenuhmaykoosib, Ontario, Canada. More about the author“Kitchenuhmaykoosib Monster” just doesn’t have the same ring to it. The creature was spotted by two women who were out on a walk with their dog, Sam. Sam apparently began sniffing at the lake nearby and eventually pulled the weird beast ashore. The women snapped some pictures of the oddity and then went on their way. When word spread about the anomalous animal, people went back to the place of discovery, only to find that it was no longer there. The photos were printed in a local paper with an explanation reading: ‘This creature was first discovered by Sam the Dog, a local dog. It was discovered first week of May in the creek section of town, hikers noticed Sam sniffing something in the water and they approached to see in what the Sam had detected and they noticed the creature in the water face down. The dog jumped in the lake and pulled the creature to the rocks and dragged it out for the hikers to see and these are the photos they took. The creature’s tail is like a rat’s tail and it is a foot long.” Since the photos were published, bloggers have been speculating as to the identity of this bald headed beauty. It has long hair on its body and a hairless face and head. Ideas as to the creature’s origin have ranged from the completely unknown to El Chupacabra. Some are even guessing that it is a more evolved version of the “Montauk Monster”. My take? I feel quite strongly that it is a North American River Otter. Let’s compare with this handy little graphic that I made: As we can see, the snout, ears and eyes line up. The head shape is pretty much the same as well. The sleek fur and long body are also very similar. Many are remarking about the unidentified creature’s teeth, but as you can see from the otter skull above, the everyday, ordinary, mundane, cute as a button otter has some rather big toothies as well. Of course, this still leaves the question about the hairless head. I admit I have no answer for that. I speculate that perhaps it is due to nothing more than the natural decomposition process, during which the hair naturally falls away from the body. And maybe since the unfortunate fellow was being smashed about on what appears to be some rugged and rocky shoreline, the fur on the sensitive facial skin was the first to get rubbed off. With all of that said, I’m no scientist, so I could be full of baloney. What do you think? Am I on the money or is there more to this story? I’m always a sucker for a new cryptid, so if you think I’m wrong in my otter analysis, please share your thoughts! Creature photos courtesy of DailyMail.co.uk. No copyright infringement intended with the otter photos. Used strictly for educational purposes.

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Beth & Clayton Clayton is owner of Alien Familiar Media, llc. He as been a roleplayer since 1998 when he bought his 2e AD&D core books and Planescape campaign setting. Clayton has been primarily a gamemaster throughout his gaming career, but still managed to get a good amount of time in the player’s seat. His favorite system is Savage Worlds. His gamemastering pedigree includes All Flesh Must Be Eaten, Apocalypse Engine (Dungeon World and Blades in the Dark), Apocalyptia, Call of Cthulhu (7e and d20), Cortex Plus (Leverage), d20 Modern, D&D (2e onward), Fate (Accelerated and Core), Mongoose Traveller (both editions), and World of Darkness (Classic and Chronicles). In addition to face-to-face tabletop games games, Clayton can be found on Discord as dmscorpio#0660 and can sometimes be found playing on Roll20.net The following is a sub until Beth gives her own pic and bio: Beth is Clayton’s loving wife, devoted follower, constant sidekick, and dedicated meatshield. This is a sub until Hayley sends in a bio. Hayley is the most avid and ardent fan of the DC Comics character Harley Quinn, and if you disagree she will fight you. This is a sub until Jordan sends in his bio Jordan is a loose-cannon lone-wolf who doesn’t play by anyone’s rules, not even his own. He is not an asshole. He is the author of the ApocalyptiaRPG This is a sub until KP sends in his bio KP is a nerd’s nerd, whatever the hell that means. Kyle is a relative new comer to the hobby, only having started rolling dice in 2012 but fell hard and fast into it and hasn’t looked back since. He’s run a variety of games mostly under the Dungeons and Dragons and New World of Darkness umbrellas with varying levels of success. His favorite sort of games to play in are: ones with a well developed world, those that are adaptations of other media, or where he can play some variation of Fox Mulder from the X-files. He is pictured here with the ass-end of a sculpture of the infamous West Virginian cryptid, Mothman. Lanina is a biochemistry major at Ohio University. Her favorite system to play with is New World of Darkness, specifically Geist. She began role-playing in 2014 at a university-based tabletop club. She has only ever run one game as a one-shot but is a player in many different games. She often can be found online playing video games as well as online rpgs with others around the US This is a sub until Nina sends in a pic and bio Nina is also known by the increasingly inaccurate moniker “pink-haired Nina.”

Posted by: Loren Coleman on May 22nd, 2008 The mysterious animal being sighted has not been caught, and thus, technically, it remains a cryptid, it’s identification merely informed speculation. Colby’s fugitive, however, is believed to be a Vietnamese pot-bellied pig, like the above examples. The pot-bellied pig is a breed of domesticated pig (Sus scrofa) originating in Vietnam, with records indicating four are truly indigenous sub-species from Vietnam. In 2005, the Swedish Agricultural Ministry identified the four original sub-species and their individual traits in a 48 page paper. They revealed that the indigenous Vietnamese Pot-bellied Pig only resides in mountainous Vietnam and Thailand. The Central Plains in Vietnam have mixed large imported pig breeds into the herds of the local farmers. Currently, the Vietnamese government is subsidizing local farmers who continue to raise any of the indigenous Pot-bellied sub-species in an effort to keep the Pot-bellied Pigs from extinction. Yesterday, news of the reintroduction of the pygmy hog in India appeared here. Now comes word of a possible example of the Vietnamese dwarf breed of pig roaming a Maine college campus. Talk about free-range swine: This critter’s had the run of the campus for more than a week. The Colby College campus [in Waterville, Maine] has a new visitor-at-large, and he isn’t paying tuition. The uninvited guest is a medium-sized charcoal-gray pig, presumed to be male, that has been on the loose on campus for more than a week. “It’s currently a free-range pig. I spotted it a couple of days ago, grazing on grass on the girls’ softball field when I drove past on my bicycle. It’s about the size of an English Springer Spaniel,” Colby’s director of communications, Steve Collins, said Wednesday. It is believed to be a Vietnamese pot-bellied pig, he said. A dwarf or miniature swine breed, pot-bellied pigs have become popular as pets. When fully mature, potbellies weigh from 70 to 150 pounds and average 3 feet long by 15 inches high, according to Internet information found at the Department of Animal Science at Oklahoma State University. The at-large pig was last under human control when Colby students, who were not identified, took the pet pig to a campus cookout, where it slipped its leash, Collins said. The pig was not on the menu. “No one has had any luck trying to approach it and catch it by hand. Mostly, it’s been in the woods and fields behind the (campus) field house. Somebody said there was plenty of stuff out there for it to eat,” he said. Pigs are omnivores and can eat both plants and animals, according to Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia. Natural scavengers, the pigs have been known to eat almost any kind of food — including insects, worms, grubs, tree bark, leaves, grasses, roots, fruits, flowers, garbage and rotting carcasses Colby’s assistant grounds supervisor Peter McDonald, said several attempts to catch the elusive pig have failed. “We tried to catch it a couple of ways, like physically chasing after him and using a net to throw over him. That didn’t work. He is very friendly, but as soon as you think about moving, he shoots right away. “We actually had him eating out of our hands.” McDonald and his pig posse have set up two, large live animal traps on campus, hoping to lure the pig with bread and other food scraps from the dining hall. “I’ve been checking the traps a couple of times a day,” he said. Waterville’s animal control officer is helping the grounds crew set traps So far, no Colby student has come forward to claim the pig, McDonald said. The grounds crew almost caught the pig late Wednesday afternoon, but it jumped into the pond and swam away, said Anthony J. Tuell, supervisor of mechanical and electrical services at Colby. If it hangs around campus long enough, might this free-spirited relative of “Wilbur” (of “Charlotte’s Web” fame) become Colby’s new mascot? “We’re happy with the mule at this time,” Collins said. VIETNAMESE POT-BELLIED PIGS A BREED of domesticated pig originating in Vietnam with more than a dozen sub-species. SMALLER THAN standard American farm pigs, most adults are about the size of a medium dog. UNLIKE OTHER pigs, pot-bellies have straight tails. THE PIGS are smarter than many animals and are often kept as pets. Source: “Pig on the lam eludes Colby posse,” by Lynn Ascrizzi, Portland Press Herald, Portland, Maine, May 22, 2008. Loren Coleman is one of the world’s leading cryptozoologists, some say “the” leading living cryptozoologist. Certainly, he is acknowledged as the current living American researcher and writer who has most popularized cryptozoology in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Starting his fieldwork and investigations in 1960, after traveling and trekking extensively in pursuit of cryptozoological mysteries, Coleman began writing to share his experiences in 1969. An honorary member of Ivan T. Sanderson’s Society for the Investigation of the Unexplained in the 1970s, Coleman has been bestowed with similar honorary memberships of the North Idaho College Cryptozoology Club in 1983, and in subsequent years, that of the British Columbia Scientific Cryptozoology Club, CryptoSafari International, and other international organizations. He was also a Life Member and Benefactor of the International Society of Cryptozoology (now-defunct). Loren Coleman’s daily blog, as a member of the Cryptomundo Team, served as an ongoing avenue of communication for the ever-growing body of cryptozoo news from 2005 through 2013. He returned as an infrequent contributor beginning Halloween week of 2015. Coleman is the founder in 2003, and current director of the International Cryptozoology Museum in Portland, Maine.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |Artist’s depiction of a chupacabra| |First reported:||Early 1990s| |Last sighted:||Present Day| |Region:||Central and North America| Chupacabra (also chupacabras /tʃupa’kabɾas/, from Spanish chupar: to suck, cabra: goat; goat sucker) is a cryptid rumored to inhabit parts of the Americas. It is associated more recently with sightings of an allegedly unknown animal in Puerto Rico (where these sightings were first reported), Mexico, and the United States, especially in the latter’s Latin American communities. The name comes from the animal’s reported habit of attacking and drinking the blood of livestock, especially goats. Physical descriptions of the creature vary. Eyewitness sightings have been claimed as early as 1990 in Puerto Rico, and have since been reported as far north as Maine, and as far south as Chile. It is supposedly a heavy creature, the size of a small bear, with a row of spines reaching from the neck to the base of the tail. Most biologists and wildlife management officials view the chupacabra as an urban legend. The first purported attacks occurred in March of 1995 in Puerto Rico. In this attack eight sheep were discovered dead, each with three puncture wounds in the chest area and were completely drained of blood. In 1975, similar killings in the small town of Moca, were attributed to El Vampiro de Moca (The Vampire of Moca). Initially it was suspected that the killings were done by members of a Satanic cult; later more killings were reported around the island, and many farms reported loss of animal life. Each of the animals had their bodies bled dry through a series of small circular incisions. Puerto Rican comedian and entrepreneur Silverio Pérez is credited with coining the term “chupacabras” soon after the first incidents were reported in the press. Shortly after the deaths in Puerto Rico, other animal deaths were reported in other countries, such as the Dominican Republic, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Brazil, the United States and Mexico. In July 2004, a rancher near San Antonio killed a hairless dog-like creature, which was attacking his livestock. This animal, initially given the name the Elmendorf Beast, was later determined by DNA assay conducted at UC Davis to be a coyote with demodectic or sarcoptic mange. In October 2004, two more carcasses were found in the same area. Biologists in Texas examined samples from the two carcasses and determined they were also coyotes suffering from very severe cases of mange. In Coleman, Texas, a farmer named Reggie Lagow caught an animal in a trap he set up after the deaths of a number of his chickens and turkeys. The animal was described as resembling a mix of hairless dog, rat and kangaroo. Lagow provided the animal to Texas Parks and Wildlife officials for identification, but Lagow reported in a September 17, 2006 phone interview with John Adolfi, founder of the Lost World Museum, that the “critter was caught on a Tuesday and thrown out in Thursday’s trash.” In April 2006, MosNews reported that the chupacabra was spotted in Russia for the first time. Reports from Central Russia beginning in March 2005 tell of a beast that kills animals and sucks out their blood. Thirty-two turkeys were killed and drained overnight. Reports later came from neighboring villages when 30 sheep were killed and had their blood drained. Finally eyewitnesses were able to describe the chupacabra. In May of 2006, experts were determined to track the animal down. In mid-August 2006, Michelle O’Donnell of Turner, Maine, described an “evil looking” rodent-like animal with fangs that had been found dead alongside a road. The animal was apparently struck by a car, and was unidentifiable. Photographs were taken and witness reports seem to be in relative agreement that the creature was canine in appearance, but in widely published photos seemed unlike any dog or wolf in the area. Photos from other angles seem to show a chow- or akita-mixed breed dog. It was reported that “the carcass was picked clean by vultures before experts could examine it”. For years, residents of Maine have reported a mysterious creature and a string of dog maulings. In May 2007, a series of reports on national Colombia news reported more than 300 dead sheep in the region of Boyaca, and the capture of a possible specimen to be analysed by zoologists at Universidad Nacional of Colombia. In August 2007, Phylis Canion found three animals in Cuero, Texas. She and her neighbors purported to have discovered three strange animal carcasses outside Canion’s property. She took photographs of the carcasses and preserved the head of one in her freezer before turning it over for DNA analysis. Canion reported that nearly 30 chickens on her farm had been exsanguinated over a period of years, a factor which led her to connect the carcasses with the chupacabra legend. State Mammologist John Young estimated that the animal in Canion’s pictures was a grey fox suffering from an extreme case of mange. In November 2007, biology researchers at Texas State University-San Marcos determined from DNA samples that the suspicious animal was merely a coyote. In January 11 2008, a new sighting appeared at the province of Philippines: Capiz. Some of the resident from the barangay believed that it was the chupacabra that killed eight chickens. The owner of the chickens saw a dog like animal attacking his chickens. The most common description of Chupacabra is a reptile-like being, appearing to have leathery or scaly greenish-gray skin and sharp spines or quills running down its back. This form stands approximately 3 to 4 feet (1 to 1.2 m) high, and stands and hops in a similar fashion to a kangaroo. In at least one sighting, the creature hopped 20 feet (6 m). This variety is said to have a dog or panther-like nose and face, a forked tongue and large fangs. It is said to hiss and screech when alarmed, as well as leave a sulfuric stench behind. When it screeches, some reports note that the chupacabra’s eyes glow an unusual red, that gives the witnesses nausea. Some witnesses have reported seeing bat-like wings. Another description of Chupacabra, although not as common, is described as a strange breed of wild dog. This form is mostly hairless, has a pronounced spinal ridge, unusually pronounced eye sockets, fangs, and claws. It is claimed that this breed might be an example of a dog-like reptile. The corpse of an animal found in León, Nicaragua, and forensically analyzed at UNAN-Leon is claimed as a specimen of this genus. Pathologists at the University found that it was an unusual looking dog-like creature of an unknown species. Unlike conventional predators, the chupacabra is said to drain all of the animal’s blood (and sometimes organs) through a single hole or two holes. In popular culture The popularity of the chupacabras has resulted in it being featured in several types of merchandise. Some mystery novels that use aspects of the myth as the centerpoint of the plot have been published. Other kinds of book include those that provide a scientific explanation for the phenomena and fairy tales. The Chupacabras has also been featured in films such as Scooby-Doo and the Monster of Mexico and in independent productions including “El Chupacabras” and” Vuelve el Chupacabras”. The Chupacabras has been featured in television programs including The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy, The X-Files and The Venture Bros; it was also mentioned in Will and Grace. The Fantastic Four one-shot comic “Isla de La Muerte” has the four heroes encounter several Chupacabras while they were vacationing in Puerto Rico; in this story, the creatures are a subterranean race that has fallen under the control of the heroes’ old enemy, The Mole Man. Ed Lavandera reporter of CNN, has described the Chupacabras as the “Bigfoot of Latino Culture” and has stated that “El Chupacabras also symbolizes the fear of something that doesn’t exist”. Following the incident in Cuero, Texas the popularity of the Chupacabras myth was receiving global attention. Phylis Clayton, who was responsible for capturing the alleged specimen, claimed that t-shirts highlighting the event were shipped to countries such as Italy, Guam and Iraq . The publicity that Cuero received following this event has led to some suggesting changing the town’s mascot. Leave a comment No comments yet.

Close encounters with Okanagan UFOs captured on video By Jon Kelly UFO Examiner Just in time for the Victoria Day long weekend, new video from the British Columbia interior shows three distinct instances in which UFOs apparently respond to light signals from the ground. Recorded at a remote canyon in the Okanagan region of the Columbia River Basin, the video documents highlights from a recent four night sky watch event hosted by local Vancouver UFO videographer Les Murzsa. The term Close Encounters of the Fifth Kind (CE5) is used by UFO researchers to describe instances of cooperative communications between humans and extraterrestrial intelligences. Click here to watch this new video featuring close encounters with Okanagan UFOs on YouTube’s SecretMessageTV. Lake of Mysteries Reports of UFOs from the Okanagan region include a 1952 Summerland incident in which a UFO was observed “boating” across Lake Okanagan, famed home to the reported Ogopogo cryptid. The Water Element While there is no lake inside of the area termed “UFO Canyon” by the video, there is abundant underground spring water and a stream. The “Canyon” Hexagram of the I Ching also shows two “Water” trigrams stacked in series, with an internal chamber that invokes the reported “underground bases” described extensively in UFOlogy. The K’an trigrams are composed of an unbroken line between two broken lines, invoking the concept of a stream that flows through a ravine, or canyon. One source claims that Statistics Canada data shows over 17% of the approximately 2.5 million people living in the metropolitan area are ethnic Chinese, with ethnic Chinese accounting for nearly 30% of the City of Vancouver’s population in a report from 2001. In this reporter's opinion, Taoist philosophy (including study of the Ba Gua trigrams) continues to be culturally relevant in a population with a reputation for relying upon Feng Shui numerology when identifying prospective real estate investments. Cause and Effect Establishing causality is an important topic in science, law, the humanities and theology. Causality is the relationship between two events in a continuous timeline, in which the second event is understood to be a consequence of the first. The first event is the cause; the second, the effect. The Okanagan UFO video shows a continuous timeline of events in three instances where a light is shone from the ground in the direction of unknown aerial vehicles. The shining the light is the first event, or cause. The effect is then captured in unambiguous detail when the UFOs magnify their luminous output in ways that are demonstrated to be inconsistent with behaviors observed prior to the light intervention. These recordings provide significant evidence for communications with intelligences who while operating advanced technologies in the earth’s atmosphere remain unknown to conventional mainstream science education (including Telus World of Science’s LEGO Castle Adventure). Satellites, passenger jets, propeller airplanes, drones, helicopters, birds, insects and the planet Venus do not magnify their luminous output in the ways shown in the video. Story continues in the Vancouver UFO Examiner for Examiner.com.

Background to the schools Wikipedia SOS Children offer a complete download of this selection for schools for use on schools intranets. SOS Children is the world's largest charity giving orphaned and abandoned children the chance of family life. Temporal range: Late Eocene - Recent |Brown bear at the Pyrenees Animal Park.| G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817 Bears ( family Ursidae) are mammals in the order Carnivora. Bears are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans, with the pinnipeds being their closest living relatives. Although there are only eight living species of bear, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere. That which pertains to bears is called ursine. Bears are found in the continents of North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. Common characteristics of modern bears include a large body with stocky legs, a long snout, shaggy hair, plantigrade paws with five nonretractile claws, and a short tail. While the polar bear is mostly carnivorous and the giant panda feeds almost entirely on bamboo, the remaining six species are omnivorous, with largely varied diets including both plants and animals. With the exceptions of courting individuals and mothers with their young, bears are typically solitary animals. They are sometimes diurnal, but are usually active during the night ( nocturnal) or twilight ( crepuscular). Bears are aided by an excellent sense of smell, and despite their heavy build and awkward gait, they can run quickly and are adept climbers and swimmers. Bears use shelters such as caves and burrows as their dens, which are occupied by most species during the winter for a long period of sleep similar to hibernation. Bears have been hunted since prehistoric times for their meat and fur. To this day, they play a prominent role in the arts, mythology, and other cultural aspects of various human societies. In modern times, the bear's existence has been pressured through the encroachment of their habitats and the illegal trade of bears and bear parts, including the Asian bile bear market. The IUCN lists six bear species as vulnerable or endangered, and even " least concern" species such as the brown bear are at risk of extirpation in certain countries. The poaching and international trade of these most threatened populations is prohibited, but still ongoing. The bear's courtship period is very brief. Bears in northern climates reproduce seasonally, usually after a period of inactivity similar to hibernation, although tropical species breed all year round. Cubs are born toothless, blind, and bald. The cubs of brown bears, usually born in litters of 1–3, will typically stay with the mother for two full seasons. They feed on their mother's milk through the duration of their relationship with their mother, although as the cubs continue to grow, nursing becomes less frequent and learn to begin hunting with the mother. They will remain with the mother for approximately three years, until she enters the next cycle of estrus and drives the cubs off. Bears will reach sexual maturity in five to seven years. Unlike most other members of the Carnivora, bears have relatively undeveloped carnassial teeth, and their teeth are adapted for a diet that includes a significant amount of vegetable matter. The canine teeth are large, and the molar teeth flat and crushing. There is considerable variation in dental formula even within a given species. It has been suggested that this indicates bears are still in the process of evolving from a carnivorous to a predominantly herbivorous diet. Polar bears appear to have secondarily re-evolved fully functional carnassials, as their diet has switched back towards carnivory. The dental formula for living bears is: Many bears of northern regions are assumed to hibernate in the winter. While many bear species do go into a physiological state called hibernation or winter sleep, it is not true hibernation. In true hibernators, body temperatures drop to near ambient and heart rate slows drastically, but the animals periodically rouse themselves to urinate or defecate and to eat from stored food. The body temperature of bears, on the other hand, drops only a few degrees from normal and heart rate slows only slightly. They normally do not wake during this "hibernation", and therefore do not eat, drink, urinate or defecate the entire period. Higher body heat and being easily roused may be adaptations, because females give birth to their cubs during this winter sleep. It can therefore be considered a more efficient form of hibernation because they need not awake through the entire period, but they are more quickly and easily awakened at the end of their hibernation. They have to stay in a den for the whole hibernation. Relationship with humans Some species, such as the polar bear, American black bear, and the grizzly bear, are dangerous to humans, especially in areas where they have become used to people. On the west coast of Canada, the American black bear has become an integral part of the silviculture industries, specifically treeplanting. The bears are coaxed into areas of harvested forest to "flush out" the other wildlife, i.e. moose, which are a far greater threat to planters. For the most part, bears are shy and are easily frightened of humans. They will, however, defend their cubs ferociously if a situation calls for it. Laws have been passed in many areas of the world to protect bears from hunters or habitat destruction. Bears in captivity have been trained to dance, box, or ride bicycles; however, this use of the animals became controversial in the late 20th century. Bears as food and medicine Many people enjoy hunting bears and eating them. Their meat is dark and stringy, like a tough cut of beef. In Cantonese cuisine, bear paws are considered a delicacy. The peoples of China, Japan, and Korea use bears' body parts and secretions (notably their gallbladders and bile) as part of traditional Chinese medicine. It is believed more than 12,000 bile bears are kept on farms, farmed for their bile, in China, Vietnam and South Korea. Bear meat must be cooked thoroughly as it can often be infected with trichinellosis. - Family Ursidae - Subfamily Ailuropodinae - Subfamily Tremarctinae - Spectacled Bear, Tremarctos ornatus - Florida Cave Bear, Tremarctos floridanus† - Giant Short-faced Bear, Arctodus simus† - Unnamed short-faced bear species, Arctodus pristinus† - Brazilian Short-faced Bear, Arctotherium brasilense† - Argentine Short-faced Bear, Arctotherium latidens† - Subfamily Ursinae - Brown Bear, Ursus (Ursus) arctos - Subspecies Syrian (Brown) Bear Ursus arctos syriacus - Subspecies Grizzly Bear, Ursus arctos horribilis - Subspecies Kodiak Bear, Ursus arctos middendorffi - Subspecies Himalayan Brown Bear and Himalayan Red Bear, Ursus arctos isabellinus - Subspecies Himalayan Blue Bear, Ursus arctos pruinosus - Subspecies Bergman's Bear, Ursus arctos piscator†? - Gobi bear, Ursus arctos gobiensis (very rare) - Atlas Bear, Ursus arctos crowtheri† - American Black Bear, Ursus (Ursus) americanus - Subspecies Cinnamon Bear, Ursus americanus cinnamomum - Subspecies Kermode Bear, Ursus americanus kermodie - Polar Bear, Ursus maritimus - Asiatic Black Bear, Ursus thibetanus - Formosan Black Bear, Ursus thibetanus formosanus - Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus - Ursus thibetanus japonica - Ursus thibetanus laniger - Ursus thibetanus mupinensis - Ursus thibetanus thibetanus - Ursus thibetanus ussuricu - Sloth Bear, Melursus ursinus - Subspecies Sri Lankan Sloth Bear Melursus ursinus inornatus - Subspecies Indian Sloth Bear Melursus ursinus ursinus - Sun Bear, Helarctos malayanus - Subspecies Borneo Sun Bear Helarctos malayanus euryspilus - Auvergne Bear, Ursus minimus† - Etruscan Bear, Ursus etruscus† - European Cave Bear, Ursus spelaeus† - MacFarlane's Bear, Ursus (Vetularctos) inopinatus ( cryptid; if an authentic species, extinct) - Brown Bear, Ursus (Ursus) arctos The genera Melursus and Helarctos are sometimes also included in Ursus. The Asiatic black bear and the polar bear used to be placed in their own genera, Selenarctos and Thalarctos which are now placed at subgenus rank. A number of hybrids have been bred between American black, brown, and polar bears (see Ursid hybrids). The Ursidae family belongs to the order Carnivora and is one of nine families in the suborder Caniformia, or "doglike" carnivorans. Bears' closest living relatives are the pinnipeds, a clade of three families: Odobenidae (the walrus), Otariidae (fur seals and sea lions), and Phocidae (true or earless seals). Bears comprise eight species in three subfamilies: Ailuropodinae (monotypic with the giant panda), Tremarctinae (monotypic with the Spectacled Bear), and Ursinae (containing six species divided into one to three genera, depending upon authority). The origins of Ursidae can be traced back to the very small and graceful Parictis that had a skull only 7 cm (3 in) long. Parictis first occur in North America in the Late Eocene (ca. 38 million years ago), but this genus did not appear in Eurasia and Africa until the Miocene. The raccoon-sized, dog-like Cephalogale, however, is widely regarded as the most primitive ursid and is ideally suited as a representative basal taxon for the family. Cephalogale first appeared during the middle Oligocene and early Miocene (approximately 20–30 million years ago) in Europe. Cephalogale gave rise to a lineage of early bears of the genus Ursavus. This genus radiated in Asia and ultimately gave rise to the first true bears (genus Ursus) in Europe, 5 million years ago. Even among its primitive species, such as C. minor, it exhibits typical ursid synapomorphic dentition such as posteriorly oriented M2 postprotocrista molars, elongated m2 molars, and a reduction of the premolars. Living members of the ursids are morphologically well defined by their hypocarnivorous (non-strictly meat-eating) dentitions, but fossil ursids include hypercarnivorous (strictly meat-eating) taxa, although they never achieved the extreme hypercarnivory seen in mustelids. Cephalogale was a mesocarnivore (intermediate meat-eater). Other extinct bear genera include Arctodus, Agriarctos, Plionarctos and Indarctos. It is uncertain whether ursids were in Asia during the late Eocene, although there is some suggestion that a limited immigration from Asia may have produced Parictis in North America due to the major sea level lowstand at ca. 37 Ma, but no Parictis fossils have yet to be found in East Asia. Ursids did, however, become very diversified in Asia later during the Oligocene. Four genera representing two subfamilies (Amphicynodontinae and Hemicyoninae) have been discovered in the Oligocene of Asia: Amphicticeps, Amphicynodon, Pachycynodon, and Cephalogale. Amphicticeps is endemic from Asia and the other three genera are common to both Asia and Europe. This indicates migration of ursids between Asia and Europe during the Oligocene and migration of several taxa from Asia to North America likely occurred later during the late Oligocene or early Miocene. Although Amphicticeps is morphologically closely related to Allocyon, and also to Kolponomos of North America, no single genus of the Ursidae is known to be common to both Eurasia and North America. Cephalogale, however, do appear in North America in the early Miocene. It is interesting to note that rodents, such as Haplomys and Pseudotheridomys (late Oligocene) and Plesiosminthus and Palaeocastor (early Miocene), are common to both Asia and North America and this indicates that faunal exchange did occur between Asia and North America during the late Oligocene to early Miocene. Ursid migration from Asia to North America would therefore have also been very likely to occur during this time. Three major carnivoran migrations between Eurasia and North America are recognized in the late Neogene that definitely included ursids. The first around 20 Ma (probably 21–18 Ma) were waves of intermittent dispersals that included Amphicynodon, Cephalogale and Ursavus. The second migration occurred at about 7–8 Ma and included Agriotherium. And the last wave took place in the early Pliocene 4 Ma with Ursus. The giant panda's taxonomy has long been debated. Its original classification by Armand David in 1869 was within the bear genus Ursus, but in 1870 it was reclassified by Alphonse Milne-Edwards to the raccoon family. In recent studies, the majority of DNA analyses suggest that the giant panda has a much closer relationship to other bears and should be considered a member of the family Ursidae. The status of the red panda remains uncertain, but many experts, including Wilson and Reeder, classify it as a member of the bear family. Others place it with the raccoons in Procyonidae or in its own family, the Ailuridae. Multiple similarities between the two pandas, including the presence of false thumbs, are thought to represent convergent evolution for feeding primarily on bamboo. There is also evidence that, unlike their neighbors elsewhere, the brown bears of Alaska's ABC islands are more closely related to polar bears than they are to other brown bears in the world. Researchers Gerald Shields and Sandra Talbot of the University of Alaska Fairbanks Institute of Arctic Biology studied the DNA of several samples of the species and found that their DNA is different from that of other brown bears. The researchers discovered that their DNA was unique compared to brown bears anywhere else in the world. The discovery has shown that while all other brown bears share a brown bear as their closest relative, those of Alaska's ABC Islands differ and share their closest relation with the polar bear. There is also supposed to be a very rare large bear in China called the blue bear, which presumably is a type of black bear. This animal has never been photographed. Koalas are often referred to as bears due to their appearance; they are not bears, however, but marsupials. Myth and legend Some evidence has been brought to light on prehistoric bear worship, see Arctic, Arcturus, Great Bear, Berserker, Kalevala. Anthropologists such as Joseph Campbell have regarded this as a common feature in most of the fishing and hunting-tribes. The prehistoric Finns, along with most Finno-Ugric peoples, considered the bear as the spirit of one's forefathers. This is why the bear was a greatly respected animal, with several euphemistic names. This kind of attitude is reflected in the traditional Russian fairy tale " Morozko", whose arrogant protagonist Ivan tries to kill a mother bear and her cubs — and is punished and humbled by having his own head turned magically into a bear's head and being subsequently shunned by human society. There has been evidence about early bear worship in China and among the Ainu culture as well. In the Korean mythology, Korean people identifies bear as their ancestor and symbolic animal. In addition, the Proto-Indo-European word for bear, *hr̥ktos (ancestral to the Greek arktos, Latin ursus, Welsh arth (cf. Arthur), Sanskrit *ṛkṣa, Hittite hartagga) seems to have been subject to taboo deformation or replacement (as was the word for wolf, wlkwos), resulting in the use of numerous unrelated words with meanings like "brown one" (English bruin) and "honey-eater" (Slavic medved). Thus four separate Indo-European language groups do not share the same PIE root. The theory of the bear taboo is taught to almost all beginning students of Indo-European and historical linguistics; the putative original PIE word for bear is itself descriptive, because a cognate word in Sanskrit is rakshas, meaning "harm, injury". In the arms of the bishopric of Freising (illustration, right) the bear is the dangerous totem animal tamed by St. Corbinian and made to carry his civilised baggage over the mountains: the allegory of the civilising influence of Christianity is inescapable. A bear also features prominently in the legend of St. Romedius, who is also said to have tamed one of these animals and had the same bear carry him from his hermitage in the mountains to the city of Trento. Imaginary bears are a popular feature of many children's stories including Goldilocks and the Three Bears, the Berenstein Bears, and Winnie the Pooh. The constellations Ursa Major and Ursa Minor represent bears. The bear is a common National personification for Russia (as well as the Soviet Union) and even Germany. The brown bear is Finland's national animal. In the United States, the black bear is the state animal of Louisiana, New Mexico, and West Virginia; the grizzly bear is the state animal of both Montana and California. Also, "bear", " bruin", or specific types of bears are popular nicknames or mascots, e.g. for sports teams ( Chicago Bears, Boston Bruins); and a bear cub was mascot of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR. Smokey Bear has become a part of American culture since his introduction in 1944. Known to almost all Americans, he and his message, "Only You Can Prevent Forest Fires" (updated in 2001 to "Only You Can Prevent Wildfires") has been a symbol of preserving woodlands. Smokey wears a hat similar to one worn by many U.S. state police officers, giving rise to the CB slang "bear" or "Smokey" for the highway patrol. Misha, mascot of the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games, by Victor Chizhikov Figures of speech The physical attributes and behaviours of bears are commonly used in figures of speech in English. In the stock market, a bear market is a period of declining prices. Pessimistic forecasting or negative activity is said to be bearish (due to the stereotypical posture of bears looking downwards), and one who expresses bearish sentiment is a bear. Its opposite is a bull market, and bullish sentiment from bulls. In gay slang, the term " bear" refers to male individuals who possess physical attributes much like a bear, such as a heavy build, abundant body hair, and commonly facial hair. To "try like a bear" means to try your hardest to catch the attention of a certain lady. The harder you try, the better the bear you are. A bear hug is typically a tight hug that involves wrapping one's arms around another person, often leaving that person's arms immobile. It was used in the Ronald Reagan political ad "Bear in the woods." - "Bear tracking" In the old Western states of the U.S. and to this day in the former Dakota Territory, the expression, "You ain't just a bear trackin'.", is used to mean "You ain't lying." or "That's for sure." or "You're not just blowing smoke." This expression evolved as an outgrowth of the experience pioneer hunters and mountainmen had when tracking bear. Bears often lay down false tracks and are notorious for doubling back on anything tracking them. If you are not following bear tracks, you are not following false trails or leads in your thoughts, words or deeds. Around the world many children have stuffed animals in the form of bears. In Scandinavia the word for bear is Björn (or Bjørn), and is a relatively common given name for males. The use of this name is ancient and has been found mentioned in several runestone inscriptions. The name was also used by J.R.R. Tolkien in his book "The Hobbit", where a bear-like character is named Beorn. The female first name "Ursula", originally derived from a Christian saint's name and common in English- and German-speaking countries, means "Little she-bear" (dimunitive of Latin "ursa"). In Switzerland the male first name "Urs" is especially popular. In Russian and other Slavic languages, the word for bear, " Medved" (медведь), and variants or derivatives such as Medvedev are common surnames. In East European Jewish communities, the name "Ber" (בער) — Yiddish cognate of "Bear" — has been attested as a common male first name, at least since the 18th century, and was among others the name of several prominent Rabbis. The Yiddish "Ber" is still in use among Orthodox Jewish communities in Israel, the US and other countries. With the transition from Yiddish to Hebrew under the influence of Zionism, the Hebrew word for "bear", "Dov" (דב), was taken up in contemporary Israel and is at present among the commonly used male first names in that country.

Trailcam, probably bovine, but found on a sasquatch site. Image Source: Bigfoot Hunt. I don't believe in sasquatches, but I don't go camping in distant woods with recording equipment, either. Lots of people do; bigfoot is big business. The cryptid primate is also attracting the attention of big science. Finding another great primate species is not inconceivable, as this 2004 report on a newly-discovered species of giant, 2-metre-high chimpanzees from the Congo testifies. The Royal Society went so far this year as to do DNA testing on what might be bigfoot hair samples. You can see the July 2014 publication on their results here. Their oddest finding was that one of their hair samples came from an extinct polar bear: "Sequences derived from hair sample nos. 25025 and 25191 had a 100% match with DNA recovered from a Pleistocene fossil more than 40 000 BP of U. maritimus (polar bear) but not to modern examples of the species." For recent BFRO bigfoot encounter records in North America, go here. For 2014 news reports on bigfoot sightings, go here, here, here and here.With the exception of these two samples, none of the submitted and analysed hairs samples returned a sequence that could not be matched with an extant mammalian species, often a domesticate. While it is important to bear in mind that absence of evidence is not evidence of absence and this survey cannot refute the existence of anomalous primates, neither has it found any evidence in support. Rather than persisting in the view that they have been ‘rejected by science’, advocates in the cryptozoology community have more work to do in order to produce convincing evidence for anomalous primates and now have the means to do so. The techniques described here put an end to decades of ambiguity about species identification of anomalous primate samples and set a rigorous standard against which to judge any future claims. Bigfoot videos also spawn hybrids with Millennial media genres: the law enforcement dashcam video (closer look here); the 911 call; the outdoors adventure TV show video; trail cams (see also here, here and here); tourist footage (shows the comic ingenuity of a British Columbian town when gophers and Bighorn Sheep just weren't cutting it in terms of bringing in Chinese tourists); community TV shows; and the paranormal research teams with night vision equipment. There is of course no real 'found footage,' but 2013's film Willow Creek filled that gap. Purported audio recordings of sasquatches (listen to them here) are more frightening than faked photographs of people loping around the bush in ape suits. Sasquatch Canada has an account from a witness who heard screams in the British Columbian forest: Man Recalls Experience He Had in July 1998, Near Hope B.C., [Canada] 2:30 a.m. I was I think maybe 17-18 years old. Myself and two friends were walking up Kawkawa Lake road, from first beach (where I lived), to second beach(where my buddy lived). It's important to me that you know I WAS quite drunk, and moderately stoned at the time(My parents had left me at home alone for a week for the first time). Anyway, it was about 2:30AM and we were making our way up the hill. We were hooting and hollering quite loudly as 3 drunk 17 year olds are want to do, being pretty immature. We came to a point where the road forks; the right takes you towards the Othello Tunnels and the Coquihalla highway via back roads and trails, and the other carries on towards second beach. On the left was a rocky bluff covered in trees and on the other side of the bluff would be Kawkawa Lake. We were just coming up on the bluff when the night was ripped apart by a scream/shout/growl the likes of which I had never heard before, or since. It was primal and it ranged from a deep roar to a high pitched screaming. It was like king cong, roy orbison and axle rose screaming in rage but SO LOUD. The vocal range was stunning. You felt it in your bones. I feel it is really important to tell you how overwhelming to the senses the sounds was. Anyway the trees on the bluff(cedar I believe), began to rock and shake like they were made of paper mache'. These were not small trees, but branches and needles were raining down on us and the road. Have you ever heard the expression "scared sober"? I am not at all ashamed to tell you that I lost some control of my bowels, I was so scared. The whole thing was certainly no more than 2 minutes, but probably less than that. I am old enough to know that time does funny things to your memory. I have never forgotten that incident. As time goes on I feel more and more strongly that it was a sasquatch I witnessed that night. I am open to suggestion as to what else could have made such a sound, and caused large trees to shake. I have heard suggestions of bear, but I doubt it. It was very dark and there were not many streetlights back then on that road. I strongly suspect that our "hooting and hollering" caused something to give us a strong warning to piss off.Youtube proves that sasquatches become something else on the Internet, whatever they may or may not be in reality. Bigfoot is a centre of online community building. This is true in general: the weirder the draw, the more enjoyable (at least initially) the community can become for its sheer craziness. People love congregating around insane bullshit. Take this excerpt from a 'squatch' argument, where online squatch authorities battle with skeptics: - "That's a really big load of BS you just dumped on us. I've never seen a dead chimp, therefor I have no alternative accept to believe you when you say you know where the sasquatch cemetery is? BTW, nothing says loser quite so much as using the term 'squatch.'" - "Sick of fucking morons commenting on Sasquatch related videos. Do a fuck load of research lime I have then come back ,and I'll respect your opinions more. And saying squatch says I'm a loser does it? And why is that? Please do tell. I'm all ears. Nothing says loser more than a comment lime yours. Listen to every damn episode of Bigfoot hotspot radio on here. That's your first task. Especially the episode with coombo. Particularly EPs 18 to 35." - "Thanks for the suggestions, but I prefer a reality based life." - "'A park ranger saw a burial happening through his binoculars the day after a big squatch was shot by a camper' what's your source? The Weekly World News?" - "It is reality. Just a part of reality you yourself haven't witnessed yet. Spend a few weeks on a Sasquatch hotspot at the right time of year then come back here. Remember, just because you haven't seen something, doesn't mean thousands of other people haven't. You think you know everything about this planet. Think again." - "Thousands of 'new' species are discovered each year in jungles, wildernesses, deep forests etc. Did they exist before they were 'discovered' by humans? Even if you only count the land which is able to support humanoid life (ie don't include deserts, ice caps etc) then humans still only occupy HALF the habitable land on earth. 6 billion humans live on half the land on earth. The rest is still wilderness. And most of that land has never even been foot surveyed by humans because it is just too impenetrable. If you cannot drive a car or ride a horse through dense woods or rough terrain then you cannot carry food/ water or equipment. So you must walk. That means you cannot go more than a few miles - especially if you have to machete your way through thick bush which is slow and exhausting work. This means there are millions of acres that are effectively free of humans. And that is where most of the bigfoots live. A few stray close to human settlements and that is when they get filmed. Is it not conceivable that a few hundred thousand or even a few million bigfoots might exist in all that untouched land?" - "'It is reality.' No. It is fantasy. "Just a part of reality you yourself haven't witnessed yet.' Neither has anyone else. 'Spend a few weeks on a Sasquatch hotspot at the right time of year then come back here.' And perhaps eat some of the local wild mushrooms? ... 'Remember, just because you haven't seen something, doesn't mean thousands of other people haven't.' That's true. But just because thousands of people THINK they have seen something, (or merely claim they did) does not mean that they really saw what they think." Considered the best audio capture, Washington state, USA (1971). Video Source: Youtube. Famous recording: Bigfoot scream-Puyallup,Washington (1973). Video Source: Youtube. Clipper Mills, California. Video Source: Youtube. Analysis of the Clipper Mills, California tape. Video Source: Youtube. Hikers' bigfoot footage from near Mission, British Columbia, Canada went viral (2013). Video Source: Youtube. See my posts on Sasquatches, Nature Gods, Wendigos and Cryptids: here, here, here, here, here and here. See all my posts on Ghosts. See all my posts on Horror Themes. See all my Countdowns. Check out other blogs observing the Countdown to Hallowe'en!

Archive for the “Swamp Monsters” Posted by: Seth Breedlove on January 31st, 2016 The crowdfunding campaign to make the next Small Town Monsters movie is now online. The film, titled Boggy Creek Monster, will be the third in the series and focus on the long history of Southern Sasquatch reports in and around the town of Fouke, Arkansas. Read: Boggy Creek Monster Kickstarter Goes Live » Posted by: Lyle Blackburn on January 28th, 2016 In memory of Julius Elmo “Smokey” Crabtree. April 22, 1927 – January 16, 2016. Read: Passing of a Legend » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on January 21st, 2016 Banner image courtesy Bigfoot in the CSRA I received the sad news this past weekend that good friend and Fouke Monster legend Smokey Crabtree had passed away. Read: Fouke Monster Legend Smokey Crabtree Passes Away » Posted by: Shannon LeGro on November 23rd, 2015 Mark and Seth return to catch us up on what they’ve been doing. Seth just returned from the home of the legendary Fouke Monster, Fouke Arkansas. He talks about his experiences in the land that bred The Legend of Boggy Creek, his time at the Boggy Creek Festival and his brush with a neighbor blowing leaves into his yard… Read: SasWhat: Boggy Creek Bigfoot Memories » Posted by: Lyle Blackburn on November 5th, 2015 Here’s the full episode of my appearance on Finding Bigfoot when the team came to investigate Caddo Lake on the border of Texas and Louisiana. (Also where Creature From Black Lake was filmed back in the 70s.) Read: Squatchsploitation » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on October 24th, 2015 Just announced at the 3rd Annual Boggy Creek Festival is the next film in the Small Town Monsters, cryptid-documentary series. The film is titled Boggy Creek Monster and will focus on the history of sightings in and around the community of Fouke, Arkansas that inspired the film, Legend of Boggy Creek. Boggy Creek Monster is a Small Town Monsters production in association with cryptid researcher, author, musician, journalist, and television personality, Lyle Blackburn. Read: Small Town Monsters: Boggy Creek Monster » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on October 23rd, 2015 Airing on Destination America Spring 2016. In Canada on Travel and Escape Read: Killing Bigfoot: The Series » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on September 18th, 2015 In just a few days (tomorrow), Point Pleasant’s population will nearly double with visitors from across the country and around the world arriving for the 14th annual Mothman Festival. The festival is officially this Saturday and Sunday with kick starter events on Friday, including a free screening of the “Eyes of Mothman” documentary at 8 p.m. at the historic State Theater and the Miss Mothman Pageants starting at 7 p.m. Friday at the Trinity Christian Community Center. Read: Guide to Mothman Festival » Posted by: Karl Shuker on September 13th, 2015 I’m delighted to announce that my latest book, A Manifestation of Monsters: Examining the (Un)Usual Subjects, is now in print, published by Anomalist Books. It contains a superb foreword by my good friend and fellow cryptozoologist Ken Gerhard, and its front cover is sumptuously illustrated with a truly spectacular cryptozoological painting by hugely-talented artist Michael J. Smith that directly inspired me to write this book. Read: A Manifestation of Monsters is Here! » Posted by: Shannon LeGro on September 7th, 2015 This week we welcome our friend and colleague cryptid researcher/author Lyle Blackburn to Arcane Radio Lyle Blackburn is an author, musician, and cryptid researcher from Texas. Read: Arcane Radio Presents: Lyle Blackburn-Cryptid Researcher/Author tonight » Posted by: Lyle Blackburn on August 31st, 2015 The fall season is just around the corner and that means time for some great cryptozoology-related events. The following is a list of conferences and festivals where I will be speaking. Read: Lyle Blackburn: Upcoming Events and Appearances » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on August 28th, 2015 Posted by: Craig Woolheater on August 27th, 2015 In this episode Mark and Seth talk about Bigfoots that lurk in the marshy regions of North America. But first they read a couple letters from YOU, the listener. After answering some listener questions they dive into tales of the Honey Island Creature, and more. Mostly, this is Seth trying to remember a story that he heard about once… Enjoy! Read: SasWhat: Tales of the Swamp Monsters » Posted by: Lyle Blackburn on August 5th, 2015 The tale of the Bishopville Lizard Man has had its ups and downs over the years, ranging between credible eyewitness accounts to silly news reports. The photo included in the recent ABC news article is one such low point, as it appears to be some sort of costume or miniature model rather than a real creature. Read: Regarding Lizard Man Captured on Camera Phone! » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on August 4th, 2015

Friday, November 23, 2012 What is the Dogman? Author/investigator Linda Godfrey has perhaps been the biggest voice in introducing the "Dogman" concept to the masses. It is reported as an upright canine known in Wisconsin as the Beast of Bray Road, in Michigan as the Dog Man, in the Southwest as the Skinwalker, and all over the world as a werewolf. You can find many of her books on Amazon like "Real Wolfman: True Encounters in Modern America" and more. Dogman phenomena has become much more commonly known through the paranormal community since the advent of popularity in Bigfoot investigating. Those seeking Bigfoot have also come across the Dogman and also stories by habituators (those who co-exist with Bigfoot and often gift them food) of having Dogman on their properties, as well. Most commonly, the Dogman is described as 6 feet tall and taller, having pointed ears (sometimes no ears are seen), a dog-like snout (more like a bear by most witness reports), red eyes, and spindly legs that leave dog-like footprints. Are you getting scared yet? First, we must acknowledge that a famous supposed dogman video was actually found to be a hoax - a man in a ghillie suit. Of course, there have been hundreds of fake Bigfoot videos, as well, but we don't throw the baby out with the bathwater. There are many camps of thought as to what a Dogman is: Traditionalists believe it's a werewolf (man turned into animal). They see the phenomena as something either psychological (man acting as wolf in some sort of lycanthropic mental illness) or literally overcome by some curse or disease that makes him wild and transformative. Skeptics believe people are seeing large dogs, bears, or men and misinterpreting it. Or, perhaps they are seeing Bigfoot and registering it in a canine way. Spiritualists believe Dogman is a shapeshifter; a human who can take on the spirit of an animal or imitate one for dark purposes. Bigfoot believers sometimes take the stance that Dogman is simply a Bigfoot with unusual features, perhaps a more pronounced fore-face. A great deal of those studying the phenomena see it as a potential aberration perhaps created by gene manipulation by outside forces, such as aliens. The Beast of 7 Chutes, a photo taken in Quebec supposedly shows a Dogman in the bottom right corner in the woods. It has gotten a lot of attention because, well, Dogman is not often filmed. It is reported that the beast appears to be holding something and looking up at the photographer who had no idea he was there. There is a legend among Bigfooters and cryptid communities about the Land Between the Lakes, an area in Kentucky where supposedly a family in an RV were torn to pieces. According to reports, it was all covered up and hidden by officials. This was discussed very nicely in the documentary Hunt the Dogman. There is a movie out called Dogman that you might want to check out just to hear a fictional story based on this cryptid. Dogman is admittedly more of an obsession for me than Bigfoot. I have seen a Bigfoot and having seen one, it changed my view of what they are. I used to think they were some kind of ape. There was nothing but hair to remind of me ape when I saw Bigfoot. He was as human as could be. Dogman, however, has been reported as very angry, irritable, doesn't want to run into people but if he does, has been reported to psychically send warnings and threats, as well as being willing to tear a person up from limb to limb. I have heard many private reports about Dogman encounters, and none of them have been pleasant or positive. I have also heard that Bigfoot fears Dogman. In fact, reportedly it is the thing they fear most. Considering Dogman is reportedly up to a few feet smaller than Bigfoot and perhaps less muscular, it says a lot about Dogman's personality and ability to show threat and be aggressive. Until I encounter one, I can't make any assumptions. I'm a theory gal, however, and when I hear reports of things like Dogman, lizard man, horse man, goat man, moth man and ape man, I cannot help but think that there is something else in nature we are not privy to or something as unnatural as genetic manipulation by an "outsider." There is also the very real possibility (one that I used to laugh at and am now putting on the table) that the reason these cryptids can hide so damn well and the reason they are so unusual is that they are other parallel world and can play tag in and out of the worlds with a knowledge of cutting through the worlds we do not possess. Yet. I would have chalked it all up to fantasy and legend, but if I can find that Bigfoot is out there with lots of witness testimony and my own personal sighting, then all these stories of Dogman may have something to them. Dogman and shadow people are two obsessions you can expect me to talk about a lot in the future. at 8:00:00 AM

Posted by: John Kirk on May 18th, 2014 An Icelandic man is claiming the $4,500 in reward money offered for photographic or videographic proof of the existence of the Lagarfljot cryptid. Personally, this video does not appear to show a living creature. However, I have seen other footage that is more persuasive. The 13-person truth commission set up by the district council of Fljótsdalshérað municipality in East Iceland in August 2012 to evaluate whether the infamous lake monster Lagarfljótsormurinn (Lagarfljót worm) is the phenomenon filmed by Hjörtur Kjerúlf, farmer at Hrafnkelsstaðir, has requested more time to complete the task, visir.is reports. The committee says that more time is needed in order to evaluate a number of other videos claiming to show the lake monster but emphasizes that it does not believe that costs will get out of hand. Hjörtur has made claim to the ISK 500,000 (USD 4,400, EUR 3,200) prize in a competition the local municipality launched 15 years ago on photos of Lagarfljótsormurinn. The prize was never paid out because none of the photos entered were thought to show the monster. However, the district council at the time promised that if the monster would ever be caught on camera, the photographer would be entitled to the prize. Hjörtur’s video received huge interest both in Iceland and abroad and many other people have said that they too have seen the lake monster. Close to five million people have watched Hjörtur’s video on YouTube. One of the founders of the BCSCC, John Kirk has enjoyed a varied and exciting career path. Both a print and broadcast journalist, John Kirk has in recent years been at the forefront of much of the BCSCC’s expeditions, investigations and publishing. John has been particularly interested in the phenomenon of unknown aquatic cryptids around the world and is the author of In the Domain of the Lake Monsters (Key Porter Books, 1998). In addition to his interest in freshwater cryptids, John has been keenly interested in investigating the possible existence of sasquatch and other bipedal hominids of the world, and in particular, the Yeren of China. John is also chairman of the Crypto Safari organization, which specializes in sending teams of investigators to remote parts of the world to search for animals as yet unidentified by science. John travelled with a Crypto Safari team to Cameroon and northern Republic of Congo to interview witnesses among the Baka pygmies and Bantu bushmen who have sighted a large unknown animal that bears more than a superficial resemblance to a dinosaur. Since 1996, John Kirk has been editor and publisher of the BCSCC Quarterly which is the flagship publication of the BCSCC. In demand at conferences, seminars, lectures and on television and radio programs, John has spoken all over North America and has appeared in programs on NBC, ABC, CBS, PBS, TLC, Discovery, CBC, CTV and the BBC. In his personal life John spends much time studying the histories of Scottish Clans and is himself the president of the Clan Kirk Society. John is also an avid soccer enthusiast and player.

AAAHH!! REAL ALIENS! Written by Jonathan Wojcik with art by Eric Kowalick! When most people think of allegedly "true" alien encounters, they think of little grey men with big black eyeballs, beaming people out of their beds for strange medical experiments. In reality, before the popularity of the "greys," people around the world reported a fantastic variety of otherworldly visitors exhibiting inexplicable and often disturbing behavior. It's likely that many of these incidents are either powerful delusions or flagrant lies, but we're not here to pass judgment or debate the paranormal; no matter the truth, accounts like these form a fascinating modern mythology all their own, and even the most jaded skeptic should appreciate the rich imagination it would take to cook up eerie manifestations like these... THE MEDFORD SHMOOS 1953 - MEDFORD, OREGON, USA A husband, wife and daughter were driving through the woods when they spotted three mysterious shapes gliding over the ground. They were completely covered in white hair with no other visible appendages or facial features, and oddly paralleled the family with two large beings and one smaller being. They were vaguely reminiscent of the Shmoo, a then-popular creature from the Lil'Abner comics. THE OLD SAYBROOK BLOCKHEADS 1957 - OLD SAYBROOK, CONNECTICUT, USA Retired teacher Mrs. Mary M. Starr reported that a bright light awoke her around two to three in the morning. Peering out her bedroom window, she thought at first that she was looking at a downed airplane until she realized that the object was hovering above her clothesline. Through the craft's large, square windows she witnessed two strange entities pass by one another with their right arms in the air. Their featureless appendages had no hands, their "heads" were transparent cubes with bright red cores and their rubbery bodies flared out like skirts. She could not see if they had any legs, but guessed that they were less than four feet tall. As she watched, the windows vanished without a trace, a sparkling antenna arose from one end of the craft and the entire hull began to glow for several minutes. Finally the glow faded, the antenna retracted and the object took a complicated path through the air before shooting straight up without a sound. THE PALOS VERDES BRAINS 1971 - PALOS VERDES, CALIFORNIA, USA John Hodges and Pete Rodriguez were walking to their car on a remote road at two in the morning when they saw a mysterious white light shine through the trees. When they entered their vehicle and turned on the headlights, they saw what resembled a pair of brains lying in the road. Frightened, they drove off and arrived home two hours later than the trip should have taken. Years later, Hodges underwent hypnosis to learn more about his missing time and recalled hearing a voice in his mind as the larger brain hovered towards the car, telling him that mankind would be "instruments of their own fate." He later recalled being transported to a room where more conventional gray humanoids informed him that Earth had too much power, and highlighted a map of places "where man could destroy themselves." He was also told that the brain-beings were "merely translators." THE DOMESTEN STINKBLOBS 1958 - DOMESTEN, KRISTIANSTAD, SWEDEN Stig Rydberg and Hans Gustafsson were driving through a thick fog at three in the morning (2-3 is close encounter hour, if many of these cases are to be believed) when they stopped to investigate a weird glow and discovered a twelve foot flying saucer surrounded by four blueish "jelly bags" somehow jumping wildly around the object. The men stood in shock until the beings suddenly attacked them, latching on with powerful suction and dragging them towards the craft. The men struggled against their captors, but their arms only sunk into their slimy bodies. Rydberg eventually squirmed free from their grip, ran back to his car and began honking the horn, which caused the blobs to drop his friend and "shoot" back into their saucer, which immediately took off. Both men felt ill for days later, and could vividly recall the horrible stench of the aliens, like "ether and burnt sausage." THE VORONEZH GIANTS 1989 - VORONEZH, RUSSIA The exact details of the dramatic Voronezh case are hopelessly muddled and may have been heavily distorted by the press, but in the popular version, a group of young children and several adults witnessed three enormous humanoids emerge from a round, red aircraft at a public park. The creatures appeared to be nearly ten feet tall, with metallic jumpsuits and small, dome-like heads, featureless except for their three menacing, luminous eyes. When a boy cried out in terror, the beings paralyzed him simply by glaring at him, then vanished into thin air for around five minutes. When they returned, they fired a beam at another boy who appeared to disintegrate. After a stroll around the park, the giants flew away in their craft and their zapped victim instantly rematerialized. This sensational tale prompted a decidely more terrestrial invasion by self-proclaimed "UFOlogists," whose dubious interrogations of the locals extracted many conflicting reports of activity in the same park between September 21 and October 28. These reports saw the addition of a squat robot sidekick to the towering spacemen, resembling a headless box with many knobs and twitching fingers. One witness even claimed to have seen the child-hating giants activate a prone robot with what appeared to be "mouth to mouth." It's good to know that even advanced spacefaring civilizations still need to blow into the cartridge every now and then. THE PACIENCIA MONOPEDS 1977 - PACIENCIA, BRAZIL 33 year old bus driver Antonia La Rubia was walking to work at 2:15 in the morning when he came upon an object like "an enormous wide hat" lying in a field. Frightened, he tried to flee but felt paralyzed by a beam of blue light and shortly found himself in a pure white chamber, surrounded by curious robot-like beings. Covered in metallic scales, the beings had tapering tentacular arms, egg shaped bodies, antenna-topped heads, belts lined with syringe-like instruments and a single rigid pedestal in place of legs. La Rubia says that he shouted at the beings, demanding to know what they wanted from him, but that they all promptly fell over as though injured by his voice. Shot with another blue light, he awoke to the entities projecting a series of images on the wall. This clip show included scenes of La Rubia (some of them nude), a dilapidated train entering a tunnel, a flying saucer assembly line and footage of the entities gruesomely "melting" a dog (wicked!). During this sequence, one of his captors drew blood from his middle finger and squirted the contents at the wall, forming a strange pattern of three circles and an "L." La Rubia suddenly awoke back outside, and experienced vomiting, pains and dizziness for a few days. THE GEORGIA STALKS 1951 - GEORGIA AIRSPACE, USA Pilot Fred Reagan was flying his Piper Club over Georgia when he felt a mysterious force pull his plane upward, crashing it into an unidentified flying object. Finding himself suddenly inside the strange craft, he encountered three entities, roughly three feet in height, which he likened to giant, metallic stalks of asparagus. The hovering creatures, or perhaps robots, apologized to him for the accident, gave him a quick medical exam and informed him that they had he was now cured of cancer, which he never knew he had (but we're totally even on the collision thing now, right?). Fred was eventually found unconscious in a field without so much as a scratch, the wreckage of his plane nearby. Its engine was buried almost six feet into the ground, having fallen thousands of feet. Eleven months later, Reagan died mysteriously of degenerating brain tissue, a symptom of overexposure to atomic radiation. THE TORRIGLIA REPTILOIDS 1978 - TORRIGLIA, ITALY Bogleech.com presents: Aaahh!!! MORE REAL ALIENS! Written by Jonathan Wojcik, original artwork by guest contributor Eric Kowalick! Is Bogleech DELICIOUS? IS IT?Digg it!Reddit!Stumble! THE REPTILOIDS OF TORRIGLIA DECEMBER 6, 1978 - TORRIGLIA, ITALY In Italy's most publicized and fantastic case of the paranormal, Security guard Pier Fortunato Zanfretta would mysteriously disappear on multiple occasions between 1978 and 1980, only to be found hours later in states of extreme shock, sometimes improbably far from where he had only recently been seen. Under hypnosis, Pier vividly and consistently detailed abductions by scaly, towering entities with spike-lined heads, triangular eyes, baggy skin and no apparent mouth opening, only a strange breathing apparatus. Introducing themselves as beings from the planet "Teetonia" in the "third galaxy," the entities spoke with Pier of their interest in contacting humanity, experimented on him with painful translation devices and even showed him other aliens they had captured and preserved in fluid-filled tanks. These specimens included a bird-like creature, a caveman-like humanoid and "frog shaped" bodies the aliens referred to as "an enemy of ours from another planet." Outrageous though they seem, Pier seemed to genuinely believe that his claims were the truth, and they terrified him. More disturbingly, over fifty witnesses would report strange lights in the sky coinciding with Pier's disappearances, which drove one of his own coworkers to mental trauma and eventual suicide. If Pier's hypnotically induced memories are to be believed, the aliens wished to befriend mankind, but were discouraged by Pier who believed they were simply too ugly. Thanks dude, I'm sure they didn't have any valuable medical knowledge or anything. THE PROSPECT MONOLITHS 1977 - PROSPECT, KENTUCKY, USA Driving home one night at one in the morning, 19 year old Lee Parish spotted a rectangular object hovering in the sky. Suddenly, his radio failed and he felt unable to control his vehicle. He arrived home with sore and bloodshot eyes, unable to account for more than a half hour of time. Under hypnosis, he vividly described being transported from his driver's seat into a huge, round room containing three strange creatures or machines. One towering figure was at least twenty feet tall, resembling a rough black "tombstone" with a single, pointed arm. Another, fatter being was six feet tall and pure white, with two unmoving arms and a wedge-like head. Lee got the impression that the white being was the "leader," and it constantly emitted odd sounds like teeth being brushed. The third, smallest being was red and rectangular, and Lee sensed that this being was afraid of him as it approached and touched his head. He felt a cold, stinging sensation and later believed he had been analyzed in some way. After their brief contact, the red being seemed to disappear behind the white being, the white being slid behind the black being, and the black being began to back away, which made Parish feel warmer. He found himself abruptly back in his Jeep. THE FLATWOODS MONSTER 1952 - FLATWOODS, WEST VIRGINIA, USA After witnessing a "meteor" land atop a hill, a mother and six youths - one of them national guardsman Gene Lemon - went to investigate and encountered a huge, pulsing ball of light in a patch of trees. When one boy spotted a pair of eyes in the trees, Lemon shone his flashlight on a machine-like figure over ten feet tall. The being had a green, metallic surface, a skirt-shaped lower body, short three-pronged "arms" and a circular, blood red head with shining eyes and a spade shaped hood or helmet. The group fled in terror as it began to hover towards them, surrounded by a dark fog, hissing and spraying an oily substance. Several were treated for shock, and vomited for hours from a horrendous stench that had permeated the area of the sighting. The local sheriff and an armed posse returned to the hill to find the same sickening odor, but no evidence of a meteor impact. Interestingly enough, the Flatwoods Monster has become one of the most famous icons of UFO phenomenon in Japan, where it makes various appearances in video games, manga and cartoons. An American television show that shall not be named would more recently spread around that the monster was a lizard-like humanoid in a hovering chair, but this is the embellishment of a single writer completely unconnected to any of the original (alleged) witnesses, and should be disregarded as stupid. THE PASCAGOULA MUMMIES 1973 - PASCAGOULA, MISSISSIPPI, USA In my personal favorite encounter, two men were fishing late one night at an abandoned shipyard when a football-shaped UFO descended nearby with a buzzing sound. A hatch opened on its surface and three rather disturbing humanoids floated out of it. The beings had an almost mummy-like appearance, with grey, heavily wrinkled skin and stiff, straight legs that may have been fused together. They had no visible eyes, but possessed expressionless, slot-like mouths and thin, sharpened points where a nose and ears would be. Their arms were very long, and ended in hands like fleshy mittens or clamps. They seized the two men, who felt paralyzed and went limp as they were taken inside the craft. Each could recall being suspended in mid air, examined by an eye-like device and surrounded by the strange creatures who worked in stiff, robotic movements. One man recalled buzzing sounds from one of the beings, the other said that they emitted a strange mumbling. After their abduction, one man heard a message in his mind that the creatures were peaceful. Could have told them that before the whole paralysis and kidnapping part, guys. THE HOPKINSVILLE GOBLINS 1955 - KELLY, KENTUCKY, USA In one of the most heavily scrutinized and surely the most dramatic alien encounters, two Kentucky families claimed that they had spent an entire night defending a homestead from several small "goblins." Eerily silent, the metallic skinned creatures had huge, shining eyes, wide slit-like mouths, pointed fan-shaped ears, powerful looking clawed arms and stunted bodies with thin legs. Rather than walk, they appeared to "float" with their feet dragging along the ground, swaying their hips with their arms raised as though wading through water. The creatures were repeatedly shot at with a shotgun and .22 rifle, but were only momentarily knocked back by the blasts, with a sound "like bullets rattling around in a metal drum." A few were reportedly shot down from trees or even the roof, but would float to the ground rather than fall. The witnesses were unsure of their numbers, but the "goblins" would reportedly lay siege to the house for hours. They crawled spider-like on the outer walls, clawed loudly at the roof, peered in through windows and even grabbed one witness by the hair as he stepped onto the porch. Seven people saw the creatures themselves, while two others hid in the house. At about eleven PM, the families fled the house and drove to the police station, where they appeared sincerely terrified. Twenty officers accompanied them back home, finding no evidence of drugs or alcohol but obvious signs of the gun battle and other damaged property. Police left by 2:15 AM, but the creatures returned and the war continued until dawn. Eerily, members of neighbouring farmhouses had not only heard the shots but were distressed by other strange sounds, colorful lights in the sky and a mysterious green glow in the woods. Interviewed individually, all witnesses have provided strikingly cohesive details, sought no benefit from their story and resented the publicity, finding nothing exciting or amusing about what they maintained was a terrifying ordeal. To this day, the legend stands with no obvious signs of hoaxing. Interestingly enough, Steven Spielberg's famous "E.T: The Extraterrestrial" began development as a very different, much darker film based on the Hopkinsville incident. The goblins also appear to have inspired the Pokémon character Sableye, seen here. THE POINT PLEASANT MOTHMAN 1966 - POINT PLEASANT, WEST VIRGINIA, USA The most famous entity here, Mothman is considered by some to be more "cryptid" (mysterious animal) than "alien," but it shares many of the strange qualities reported in alien encounters, including intense, luminous eyes and a sickening, seemingly radioactive aura. The first publicized sighting came from two couples, Roger and Linda Scarberry and Steve and Mary Mallette, who were passing an old TNT factory on November 15 when they spied a pair of red lights near a generator plant. Curious to see what could be lit up at the long abandoned site, they stopped the car and discovered that the lights were actually huge, reflector-like eyes set in the chest of a seemingly headless figure, six to seven feet tall with huge wings folded against its back and a covering of black fur or feathers. When they returned to their car and fled, they spotted the creature on a hillside moments later, which shot into the air and followed their car closely until they reached Point Pleasant city limits, sometimes exceeding 100 miles an hour. As they entered the city, Scarberry noticed the body of a large dog lying by the road, and returned later to see if it belonged to anyone, finding it had vanished. This is around where the story gets creepier. Earlier that same evening, Salem building contractor Newell Partridge had supposedly been at home watching television when the screen distorted into a strange pattern and he heard a loud whine from outside "like a generator winding up." He heard his hunting dog, Bandit, howling in the front yard and went outside to see his beloved companion staring at a pair of luminous red circles by the hay barn. The dog bolted in pursuit of the inhuman eyes, and would never be seen again. Two days later, he read about the TNT plant sighting in the local paper, including the statement about the dead dog, and was certain Bandit had been killed by the strange monster. The following night, again before the Scarberry and Mallette story had been published, Mrs. Marcella Bennet spied a "funny red light" hovering above the TNT plant, and drove with her baby to the home of Ralph Thomas and his family. When she got out of her car, a "big gray figure" with "terrible glowing eyes" rose up from the ground near her, frightening her into dropping her daughter. She scooped up the infant and ran to the house, where the whole family reported the creature shuffling around their porch and peering into windows. Mrs. Bennet was so terrified by the incident that she sought counseling for months, and claimed to hear mysterious shrieks near her home. With the publication of these accounts, Mothman madness gripped Point Pleasant with over 100 alleged witnesses to the creature itself and other curious phenomenon, including UFO activity and even mysterious "Men In Black" harrassing locals. The hysteria (if that's all we can really chalk it up to) began to fade by the following year, but came to an abrupt end on December 15, 1967, when 46 people were killed in the collapse of the Ohio river bridge. Mysterious lights were reported over the TNT plant that same dark night, and more "Men In Black" were reported through Christmas weekend, but never again would a Mothman encounter make local news. From "Gaia Online" and the "Castlevania" series Even if every "alien" encounter is a mere fabrication or hallucination, creatures like the ominous mothman, the invincible goblins and those smelly amoeboids deserve to be remembered just as fondly as the manticore, the cockatrice and the gorgon. They're the demons, fairies and youkai of a society more jaded by science, and it's almost depressing that close encounters gradually homogenized into the same silvery humanoids. Please, if you ever feel the need to spread a sensational story about a space monster...give it some bug-eyes and tentacles. Support cryptodiversity. ...And please send Eric Kowalick some appreciation for his stylish and vibrant illustrations, without which I wouldn't have gotten off my ass to write up this long-planned feature!

10 Utterly Bizarre Bigfoot Theories Anyone who’s ever watched Animal Planet knows the world of Bigfoot hunting (aka “Squatchin’ ”) is a very weird world indeed. All Bigfoot believers are chasing an imaginary monster, and for every one for them who treats the subject with gravitas, you have 10 nutcases with completely crazy theories. 10Bigfoot Is Actually A Ground Sloth Most Bigfoot believers assume Sasquatch is some sort of hominid. After all, he supposedly walks around on two legs, has primate-like arms, and even possesses a humanish face. Of course, there’s always the possibility he’s actually an extinct ground sloth that evolved to look like an ape. According to one far-out theory, Bigfoot might actually be a member of the superorder Xenarthra, which would make him related to anteaters and armadillos. This theory may not be based on evidence, but it is based on lack of evidence. For example, sloths have internal testicles. No one has reported seeing Bigfoot’s balls. Uncanny, eh? Similarly, sloths digest food slowly. It might take anywhere from one to three weeks for food to pass through a sloth’s guts. Perhaps that’s why we’ve never found the remains of a Bigfoot meal: Since he has a sloth gut, Bigfoot can go weeks without food. The real nail in this crypto-coffin is the infamous Patterson-Gimlin film above. When you watch the video, pay special attention to how slowly Bigfoot moves. Why isn’t it running at breakneck speed to escape the backwoods paparazzi, you ask? Well, because it’s a slow sloth, naturally. Need to learn more about mankind’s furriest and most enduring cryptid? Buy Bigfoot: Exploring the Myth & Discovering the Truth at Amazon.com! 9Disease Almost Wiped The Species Out When Europeans came to the New World, they brought along all their viruses. Some researchers believe over 20 million Native Americans lost their lives to foreign diseases, and according to one theory, the same thing might’ve happened to Bigfoot. The story goes that Bigfoot and all his hairy friends were having a grand old time in North America until the humans showed up and crashed the party. These short, smooth invaders brought along a bunch of new sicknesses, and the Sasquatch immune system just couldn’t cope. In addition to the viruses, humans were also packing weapons and kicked the Bigfoot people out of their territory, forcing them to retreat deep into the woods. Evidently, Bigfoot are a lot smarter than they look. They figured out humans were bad news and decided to stay hidden. Over the years, Bigfoot elders taught their youngsters that the “Devil People” were monsters and not to be trusted. That’s the reason Bigfoot doesn’t come out of hiding and join humanity or try trading with us. They learned their lesson long ago, so they’ll just stay undiscovered, thank you very much. 8Bigfoot Hides Underground Look up the word “elusive” in the dictionary, and you’ll find a photo of Bigfoot, although it’ll probably be a bit blurry. For some reason, Sasquatches are really hard to spot, and that’s troubling for Bigfoot believers. If there’s a whole community of giant ape-men living in the woods, how come more people aren’t seeing them? Well, perhaps it’s because they live underground. Bigfoot could hide in caves and cover huge sections of forest by running through underground tunnels. If he gets hungry, Bigfoot could just snack on creepy-crawlies and fish that live in subterranean rivers. But what about the pitch-black, soul-crushing darkness? Wouldn’t Bigfoot bump his head on a stalactite? Not if he can see in the dark. According to this particular theory, Bigfoot’s eyes might have a tapetum lucidum, the reflective layer in the retina that allows animals to see at night and look demon-possessed. However, prosimians (a group that includes lemurs) are the only primates with this ability. Could Bigfoot be some sort of lemur? Hold that thought. We’ll come back to it later. This theory is perfectly sane compared to all the other “Bigfoot Lives Underground” ideas out there. For example, Dr. Richard Boylan posits that the Bigfoot people (along with giants, elves, and leprechauns) hide underground to escape mankind’s insanity. Ever since humans nuked Atlantis, these Inner Earth People have been camping out in tunnels, wearing “red-orangey suits,” and occasionally colonizing other planets. Hollow Earther Dennis Crenshaw thinks Bigfoot has sensitive eyes, so that’s why he spends his time hiding in caves, all the while plotting mankind’s destruction. Finally, Henry Franzoni claims Bigfoot can walk straight through solid walls. If it needs to get away from a pesky cameraman, it can just dematerialize and walk into a mountain. Bigfoot and the Predator actually have a lot in common. They’re big, bipedal, and don’t exist in real life. They also both have cloaking abilities that allow them to disappear whenever people show up in the woods. Well, that’s what some of the nuttier folks in the Bigfoot community claim anyway, and it’s an easy explanation as to why it’s so hard to find this oversize monkey. Some posit Bigfoot can vibrate his body at such high speeds that it distorts the light around him, causing him to appear invisible. Others claim his translucent hair reflects light like a mirror. Coupled with dark skin, these reflective hairs blend Bigfoot into the scenery like a special-ops sniper. As proof, the cloaking crowd offers quite a few photographs—of nothing. That’s the whole point, after all. He’s invisible. If you look hard enough at these pictures, you can supposedly see Bigfoot’s outline, similar to how the Predator appears in the 1987 action film. Of course, the real culprit here is a lot of wishful thinking and a heaping dose of pareidolia. We all know the story of how old brother Cain struck the blow that laid his brother Abel low. And we’ve all heard how God set a mark on Cain and cursed him to wander upon the Earth. But what happened to Adam and Eve’s son after that fateful day? According to the poem “Beowulf,” Cain gave birth to some rather ugly kids like Grendel and his dear old ma. And a few folks think Cain’s descendants roam the forests of North America today. Condemned to live apart from the rest of society, they grew long hair and morphed into terrible beasts. Taking the theory even further, some Mormons point to the tale of Apostle David W. Patten. According to the legend, it was a fine day in 1835, and Patten was riding down a Tennessee road when a tall, shaggy man stepped out of the woods. As the tale goes, Patten believed the creature was Cain himself, and they spent the next few hours chatting about spiritual matters. Fast-forward a bit to the 1980s, and suddenly some Latter-day Saints started suspecting the figure was in fact the modern-day Sasquatch. If you’re not partial to the “Cain Theory,” there are several other Biblical options you can choose from. Some say Bigfoot is related to Esau, Jacob’s older, hairier brother. Or if you want to get really screwy, there’s the “Nephilim Theory.” Fallen angels and human women got together and had Bigfoot babies. 5Bigfoot The Psychic No one can catch Bigfoot because he’s psychic, according to Linda Jo Martin. A self-proclaimed telepath, Martin believes Bigfoot picks up on the vibes of people traipsing through the woods. If it senses a cameraman or scientist coming its way, the Bigfoot disappears, leaving the glory hounds behind. That’s why Martin thinks it’s a good idea to bring a psychic along on a Bigfoot expedition. With the help of a little ESP, researchers could tell the Bigfoot they mean it no harm and even ask it to hang out for a little while. Of course, Martin warns that most of the time Bigfoot will probably say no. Martin isn’t the only one who makes these claims. Writing for The Huffington Post, Connie Willies tells of the time she woke up during a camping trip and sensed two Sasquatches outside her tent. “This is what you came to see,” one of them said inside her brain, but Connie was too terrified to unzip the tent (or perhaps too unconscious to wake up). After deciding she didn’t want to see them, the Bigfoot disappeared without a trace. Bigfoot is really good at vanishing, especially if Kewaunee Lapseritis is to be believed. The author of Psychic Sasquatch, Lapseritis says Bigfoot can slip in and out of various dimensions. Whenever it needs to escape, it just parts through the curtains of our universe and steps into the next. Lasperitis also claims to know Bigfoot’s true purpose on Earth. As it turns out, the big guy is actually a protector of the environment and uses its telepathic power to let people know they’re destroying the planet. 4Bigfoot Is Really A Troll No, not the kind that posts irritating comments. We’re talking the sort that turns into stone in the sunlight and does battle with Jim Varney on Halloween. Obviously, to accept this theory, you’ve got to believe trolls exist outside of Scandinavian folklore. Once you’ve cleared that minor hurdle, you can turn to the mountains of evidence. First, according to the theory, trolls are 90 percent mental and 10 percent physical, meaning they mostly exist in our imagination. In reality, a troll is more of a “vibration” than an actual being. In fact, it exists partly in our world and partly in another. And since trolls aren’t totally physically here on Earth, they show up quite blurry in Bigfoot photos. Still not convinced? Well, consider that scientists have never found Bigfoot hair or DNA. Since trolls exist on a different plane, any physical evidence magically vanishes. If you were to find any concrete proof of Bigfoot’s existence, it’d turn into a stone or piece of straw the very next day. Finally, the most compelling piece of evidence is that Bigfoot tracks often disappear into thin air. You could be following a perfectly normal set of Sasquatch prints when, suddenly, they just vanish. That’s because trolls can appear and disappear at whim. 3A SWAT Team Target Earlier in 2014, we learned Texas isn’t the greatest place when it comes to preserving mythological species. Since Sasquatch isn’t listed as a protected animal, hunters can shoot at Bigfoot anytime they want, so long as they can actually find one. California, on the other hand, is a bit stricter when it comes to cryptid killing, claiming they’d provide protection for the legendary beast if it actually exists. Of course, if the folks at Crypto Crew (a paranormal investigative organization) are correct, then Bigfoot is screwed no matter where he goes. In a February 2014 article, the group revealed the possibility that the government is actually hunting down rogue Bigfoot. According to unrevealed sources, the US has assembled a special Sasquatch SWAT team that’s sent to deal with problem monsters. If a Bigfoot gets too close to human areas or starts attacking people, he’s going to end up in a body bag. According to the same report, SWAT isn’t the only way the government deals with troublesome creatures. Freelance Sasquatch killers are hired to infiltrate the Bigfoot community and gather reports of Bigfoot sightings. When they get word of a pesky ape-man terrorizing hikers, they hunt down the creature and collect their Bigfoot bounty. 2Bigfoot Works For E.T. Anyone familiar with Bigfoot has probably heard the “Sasquatch Is an Alien” theory. People like Dr. Franklin Ruehl point to stories dating back to 1888 in their attempt to prove Bigfoot is an extraterrestrial who occasionally visits Earth in his UFO. However, some believers take this otherworldly theory even further, claiming Bigfoot is actually an alien servant, doing E.T.’s bidding on Earth. One of these folks is named Lyle Vann. Quite the colorful character, Mr. Vann has claimed to have seen Bigfoot on at least 31 occasions, and that’s not counting all the times he’s met their outer space overlords. According to Vann, aliens need gold and other precious metals to power their spacecraft. However, Martians are sadly lacking in the muscle department. Since it’s difficult for them to haul all that gold, they have Bigfoot do the heavy lifting instead. However, there are those who make Mr. Vann sound like Neil deGrasse Tyson. The enigmatic Jesse Denson is one of those fellows. Denson believes Bigfoot is a robot developed by several alien nations over the past several million years. Whenever they visit Earth, aliens slip into their Bigfoot ATVs and start meandering through the forests, controlling their suits manually or through brain power. These suits allow aliens to spy on humans, but they’re also pleasure vehicles, allowing E.T. to unwind from the galactic grind and run around in the forest dressed like a monkey. 1Part Human, Part Lemur Look in the mirror. Now imagine a Bigfoot. Notice a resemblance? Sure, but Sasquatch’s forehead is probably a bit bigger than yours, and there’s something strange about those eyes. Now look at a picture of a lemur. Suddenly, everything clicks into place. Bigfoot is definitely a human-lemur crossbreed. While most of us were unaware of Bigfoot’s heritage, Texas veterinarian Melba Ketchum has known of the creature’s crazy origins for some time. With the help of enthusiasts around the country, Ketchum collected a wide variety of hair, blood, spit, and skin. Of course, nobody actually saw where these hair and toenails came from, but when it doubt, blame it on Bigfoot. After gathering enough evidence, Ketchum ran a DNA analysis on her samples. Much to her surprise, she discovered the mitochondrial DNA was human, but the nuclear DNA belonged to an unknown hominid. Ketchum theorized that around 15,000 years ago, a now-extinct giant lemur mated with a female human. The result was Bigfoot. Ketchum’s idea didn’t go over too well with the scientific community. As the human DNA in her samples undoubtedly came from actual humans, her study was rejected by every single legitimate science journal. However, it did pop up in a publication called DeNovo—a journal created expressly for her study.

Archive for the “Cryptid Canids” Posted by: Craig Woolheater on November 30th, 2016 Not only is today the Remembrance Day for Lost Species, but this year also marked the 80th anniversary of the death of the last known Tasmanian Tiger in captivity, Benjamin. Read: Remembrance Day for Lost Species » Posted by: Karl Shuker on November 29th, 2016 It has been 21 years since the original publication back in 1995 of In Search of Prehistoric Survivors, considered by many to be my finest cryptozoological volume. Not surprisingly, then, in subsequent years there has been a growing, persistent clamour among its numerous fans worldwide for me to prepare a new, updated edition. Now, at last, fulfilling a longstanding promise, I have done so – and what an update it is! Read: Still In Search Of Prehistoric Survivors » Posted by: Ken Gerhard on October 22nd, 2016 My new book (graciously published by Llewellyn) will highlight some of my investigations around the world… Read: A Menagerie of Mysterious Beasts » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on October 21st, 2016 Researcher and monster investigator Linda Godfrey will discuss her strange creature investigations and the bizarre discoveries associated with them. She’ll talk about such cases as Wolfmen that glow blue, a black furred creature that preys on deer, and even a woman that transforms into a hooded beast in a church. Read: Coast to Coast AM: Monsters Among Us » Posted by: Ken Gerhard on October 21st, 2016 Cryptozoologist Ken Gerhard, who has traveled around the world searching for evidence of mysterious animals, discussed a wide variety of creatures including Bigfoot, the Loch Ness Monster, chupacabras, flying creatures, werewolves, lizard men, giant spiders, the Minnesota Iceman, and the Texas T. rex. Read: Coast to Coast AM: Mysterious Cryptids » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on September 28th, 2016 Have you ever seen something you couldn’t explain? Read: Monsters Among Us » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on August 23rd, 2016 All the cryptozoological marvels are here, including Bigfoot, Yeti, the Loch Ness Monster and Chupacabra, along with lesser known monsters like Ogopogo, the Mongolian Death Worm, Jersey Devil, Boggy Creek Monster, Momo, Mokele-Mbembe, Real Wolfmen and many more! Read: Monstro Bizarro » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on July 9th, 2016 Although Hollywood loves to depict their classic werewolves in shredded shirts and jeans, the great majority of eyewitness reports describe fur as the only covering on the upright canines they have encountered. Here’s an exception to the rule, from a former Texas pizza delivery man whose encounter occurred the night of July 20, 2012. Read: Houston, We’ve Got a Werewolf » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on June 29th, 2016 Every dog has its day, including the mysterious, upright canine known as Dogman whose official day will be August 6, 2016, as a group of nationally known investigators, authors and television personalities gathers in Defiance, Ohio, for the first ever Dogman Symposium. Read: Dogman Symposium 2016 » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on May 15th, 2016 Details about the upcoming 15th Annual Mothman Festival and the 2016 Dogman Symposium. Read: Mothman, Dogman, Oh Man! » Posted by: Craig Woolheater on March 20th, 2016 A British werewolf you say? The mutant wolf of Belvedere mystery has finally been put to bed. Read: Beast of Belvedere Mystery Solved » Posted by: Chester Moore on October 30th, 2015 The still included here shows a a distinctly “red wolf” look and at least shows an animal that has much red wolf lineage. The video was taken in one of the counties where the last known “pure” red wolves were captured in 1980 for the federal captive breeding program. Read: Texas Cryptid Canine Video » Posted by: Nick Redfern on October 29th, 2015 Today at 9.40 AM (Central Time) I’ll be on Jenny McCarthy’s radio show, talking about my recent book, “Chupacabra Road Trip.” Should be an interesting show! Read: Chupacabra Road Trip and Jenny McCarthy » Posted by: Chester Moore on October 22nd, 2015 [caption id="attachment_84114" align="alignnone" width="300"] A newspaper clipping from my hometown newspaper in 1986-six years after the red wolf was declared extinct.[/caption] Read: Red wolf-like animals still in Texas? » Posted by: Ken Gerhard on September 24th, 2015 This Saturday, September 26th – H2 Network will be running another MISSING IN ALASKA marathon… starting @ 6pm EST. In addition to replaying the 3 episodes that debuted recently, they will be premiering brand new episodes… Read: Missing in Alaska Marathon »

The Dobharcu's Mate Picture (Note: Different moniters will display a different tones.) The Dobharcú is a creature of Irish folklore and a cryptid. Dobhar-chu is roughly translated into "water hound." The first woman killed by a Dobhar-Chu was named Grace. Her husband heard her scream as she was washing clothes down at the Glenade lough and came to her aid. When he got there, she was already dead, with the Dobhar-chu upon her bloody and mutilated body. The man killed the Dobhar-chu, stabbing it in the heart. As it died, it made a whistling noise, and its mate arose from the lough. Its mate chased the man but he killed it as well. ** (Thanks to wikipedia.) And whilst this gorgeous way of life in beauty did abound, From out the vastness of the lake stole out the water hound, And seized for victim her who shared McGloughlan's bed and board, His loving wife, his more than life, whom almost he adored. The comrade of the dying fiend with whistles long and loud, Came nigh and nigher to the spot. Mr. McGloughlan growing cowed, Rushed to his home, his neighbours called their council, asked And flight was what they bid him do at once, and not to wait 'till night. He and his brother a sturdy pair as brothers true when tried, Their horses took, their homes foresook and westward fast they did ride, One dagger sharp and long, each man had for protection too Fast pursued by that fierce brute the Whistling Dobharchu. -- This is for

Here’s an odd little conundrum for you to cogitate upon at your leisure, should you be so inclined. During an online surfing session a few days ago, I happened upon the curious illustration presented above. Details concerning it are sparse in the extreme, but here is what I have been able to uncover so far. Measuring 12 inches by 8 inches, the image has a German title that translates as ‘wild American hound’, and is a hand-coloured copperplate engraving by Johann Daniel Meyer that appeared in his Angenehmer und nützlicher Zeit-Vertreib mit Betrachtung curioser Vorstellungen allerhand kriechender, fliegender und schwimmender, auf dem Land und im Wasser sich befindender und nährender Thiere etc - a three-volume wildlife tome published between 1748 and 1756 in Nuremberg, Germany. As can be readily perceived from this engraving, however, whatever the creature depicted by it may be, it is certainly not a hound, nor, indeed, a canid, of any kind (wild and/or American notwithstanding!). So what is it? When I first looked at it, I initially thought of the Virginia opossum Didelphis virginiana, because the engraved creature does bear a degree of overall resemblance to this largest and most famous of modern-day New World marsupials. I even found an online photo of the Virginia opossum, reproduced here, that vaguely recalls it. Even so, Meyer’s mystery beast can be readily differentiated by its wholly brown colouration, in particular its dark face and its body’s extremely short, uniformly brown fur – in stark contrast to the white face and the longer, shaggy, grey body fur of the Virginia opossum. Meyer’s beast may have a bare tail, which, if so, likens it to the latter species, but, equally, it may simply have very short fur – the engraving does not make this clear. Engraving of kinkajou In addition to the Virginia opossum, I have also considered those uniformly brown-furred, Neotropical raccoon cousins known respectively as the kinkajou Potos flavus and the olingos (a quartet of Bassaricyon species, including the recently-discovered olinguito B. neblina). Again, as shown here, superficially these are somewhat similar to Meyer’s beast, but none of them is native to North America. Olingo (Fiona Reid – Field Guide to Mammals of Central America) So unless the ‘American’ in ‘wild American hound’ was being used in its very broadest sense, i.e. appertaining to anywhere within the entire New World, rather than its much more common and more specific usage as a contraction of the United States of America, I have once again come to a halt in my search for this mystifying mammal’s taxonomic identity – unless, gentle readers, you could offer any suggestions or additional information? If so, please post details here, as I’d very greatly welcome them! MAJOR UPDATE: 3 April 2014 I recently purchased a copy of the 2011 reprint of German publisher Taschen's modern-day (2001) reproduction compendium of all of the sumptuous colour plates that originally appeared in a gloriously-illustrated tome first published in four volumes from 1734 to 1765. Commissioned by Albertus Seba, one of the most celebrated collectors of natural history specimens ever (click here for more details regarding Seba in a separate ShukerNature blog post), this tome, or Thesaurus as it was entitled, was basically a lavish catalogue of his two internationally-renowned collections' specimens, each of which was described in Latin by Seba and supplemented by footnotes in French (the text from his Thesaurus is not included in the Taschen plates compendium). Browsing through the Taschen compendium of the Seba Thesaurus's innumerable pictures, and marvelling at their detail, colour, and precision, I was startled to discover that one of the plates (specifically Plate 30 in what was Vol. 1 of Seba's Thesaurus) contained what was evidently the original illustration upon which the version from Johann Daniel Meyer's tome that opens this present ShukerNature blog post was based (and then reproduced in mirror-image format). For not only is the Seba version of this illustration much more detailed, but Vol. 1 of his Thesaurus (i.e. the volume that contained it) was published in 1734, more than a decade before the first volume of Meyer's tome. Here, then, was the original wild American hound, and the plate in question is duly reproduced below: Plate 30 of Vol. 1 of Albertus Seba's Thesaurus - the wild American hound is positioned directly beneath the long tail plumes of the paradise flycatcher above it Surely, therefore, Seba's historic tome would provide me with the long-awaited solution to the mystery of this enigmatic mammal's taxonomic identity? In reality, the mystery only deepened. In Taschen's modern reprint of Seba's Thesaurus, the compilers have valiantly attempted to identify all of the many species depicted in it, and have included these proposed identities beneath each plate. Many are recognisably correct. When I looked to see their identity for the wild American hound, however, I was nothing if not startled to discover that they had labelled it as a mongoose, and had even included these creatures' taxonomic family name, Herpestidae, albeit with visible trepidation (a question mark had been added directly after it in parentheses). Yet if this individual had truly originated in America, it was highly unlikely to have been a mongoose, because these mammals are confined entirely to the Old World, True, mongooses have been deliberately introduced to several Caribbean islands, where they still thrive today. However, this misguided course of action (they prey upon many of the islands' rare, indigenous species) was only initiated during the early 1870s, i.e. over a century after the wild American hound had appeared in Seba's Thesaurus. But that was not the end of the riddles and revelations exposed in Seba's Thesaurus. Turning to the Taschen plates compendium's specially-written introduction by its compilers, I discovered that the same illustration of the wild American hound was included there too, but this time unencumbered by the other creatures that were present alongside it in Plate 30, and reproduced in slightly larger size too. Here is this version: The wild American hound, in Albertus Seba's Thesaurus What made this especially interesting, however, was that the compilers had included beneath the illustration here Seba's own original description of what it was. Namely, "Wild dog from America with a very long tail". Obviously no mongoose, therefore, and clearly the origin of the name that Meyer had used for this animal in his own tome. Sadly, however, this does not assist in the latter's identification. However, perusing the Seba Thesaurus's better-quality illustration of it I realised that its overall body form, coupled with its long snout and extremely long tail, was reminiscent of the common coati Nasua narica, which is native to certain of the southernmost states of the USA, and lacks the vivid tail banding that is such a characteristic feature of its familiar South American relative, the aptly-named ring-tailed coati N. nasua. Although the images in Seba's Thesaurus are very pleasing aesthetically, not all of them are especially accurate zoologically. So could the wild American hound illustration simply be a not overtly-accurate representation of the common coati? Interestingly, when moving about on the ground on all fours, coatis sometimes hold their lengthy tails up vertically or semi-vertically, corresponding well with the pose portrayed by the wild American hound in the Seba Thesaurus's illustration. A common coati with its long tail held up semi-vertically ((c) Joseph C. Boone/Wikipedia) The only way to be certain, however, is if the specimen that this bemusing picture depicts could be traced and examined. Many of the specimens from Seba's first collection are housed in the present-day Russian Academy of Sciences, and several (but by no means all) specimens from his second collection are also housed there (the remainder were sold off to a wide range of buyers, so may now be untraceable, always assuming that they have survived to the present day anyway). Perhaps somewhere among those many exhibits is Seba's wild American hound, still awaiting a conclusive taxonomic identification? Cabinet of Natural Curiosities - the Taschen 2001 compendium of the Seba Thesaurus's illustration plates SECOND UPDATE: 4 April 2014 Today I succeeded in tracking down online a pdf of the original, complete Seba's Thesaurus, containing not just the plates but also Seba's bilingual (Latin and French) descriptions of the animals depicted in the plates. Seeking out his description of the wild American hound in the hope that now I would finally discover exactly what it was, I was disappointed to find that Seba's description was only very short and consisted almost entirely of just a verbal morphological description of what can be readily observed in the plate's portrayal of this animal, e.g. its tail is very long, its fur is brown, its ears are small and erect, its eyes are large, etc. Seba's description in French of the wild American hound, from Vol. 1 of his Thesaurus (1734) However, it did also contain two tantalising but mystifying snippets. Seba stated that he had been sent his specimen of the wild American hound from what he referred to as the Promontory of Tiburon on the island of Martinique, and that it plundered in the forests ("il vit de rapine dans les forêts"). Did this phrase mean that it raided other animals' dens or birds' nests? As for its provenance, I have been unable to locate any Promontory of Tiburon present on the Caribbean island of Martinique, and none of the sparse number of mammalian species known to have inhabited it during the 18th Century (when Seba prepared his Thesaurus) matches the appearance of the wild hound of America (mongooses, as already noted, were not introduced into any Caribbean islands until the 1870s). Intriguingly, however, there is a forested region in California, USA, known as the Promontory of Tiburon. So could Seba have somehow mistaken the location of this promontory, wrongly claiming it to be on Martinique, so that in reality his wild hound of America specimen derived from California instead? This mystery becomes ever more mysterious! Stay tuned for further installments as my investigations into this very curious cryptid continue.

Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you’ve made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Aswang sucking a baby's blood, similar to a Leak in popular culture |Type||Ghoul or vampire| |Habitat||Western Visayan regions of Capiz, Iloilo, Negros, Bohol, Masbate, Aklan, and Antique| An Aswang is a cryptid in Filipino folklore. The aswang is an inherently evil werewolf and vampire-like creature and is the subject of a wide variety of myths and stories. Spanish colonists noted that the Aswang was the most feared among the mythical creatures of the Philippines, even in the 16th century. The myth of the aswang is well known throughout the Philippines, except in the Ilocos region, which is the only region that does not have an equivalent myth. It is especially popular in the Western Visayan regions such as Capiz, Iloilo, Negros, Bohol, Masbate, Aklan, Antique. Other regional names for the aswang include "tik-tik", "wak-wak" and "soc-soc", which is the noise it makes when chasing prey. Aswang or "asuwang" is derived from the Sanskrit word Asura which means 'demon'. Sometimes this creature is called the "bal-bal" or Ghoul (maninilong in Catanauan, Quezon), which replaces the cadaver with banana trunks after consumption. Aswang stories and definitions vary greatly from region to region and person to person, and no particular set of characteristics can be ascribed to the term. However, the term is mostly used interchangeably with manananggal and are also usually depicted as female. "Aswang" is a generic term applied to all types of witches, vampires, manananggals, shapeshifters, werebeasts Aswang stories and definitions vary greatly from region to region and person to person, and no particular set of characteristics can be ascribed to the term. However, the term is mostly used interchangeably with manananggal and are also usually depicted as female. Appearance and activitiesThe wide variety of descriptions in the aswang stories make it difficult to settle upon a fixed definition of aswang appearances or activities. However, several common themes that differentiate aswangs from other mythological creatures do emerge: Aswangs are shapeshifters. Stories recount aswangs living as regular townspeople. As regular townspeople, they are quiet, shy and elusive. At night, they transform into creatures such as a cat, pig, bird, or most often, a dog. They enjoy eating unborn fetuses and small children, favoring livers and hearts. Some have long proboscises, which they use to suck the children out of their mothers' wombs or their homes. Some are so thin that they can hide themselves behind a bamboo post. They are fast and silent. Some also make noises, like the Tik-Tik, (the name was derived from the sound it produces) which are louder the further away the aswang is, to confuse its potential victim; and the Bubuu, an aggressive kind of aswang that makes a sound of a laying hen at midnight. They may also replace their live victims or stolen cadavers with doppelgangers made from tree trunks or other plant materials. This facsimile will return to the victim's home, only to become sick and die. An aswang will also have bloodshot eyes, the result of staying up all night searching for houses where wakes are held to steal the bodies. Kinds of Aswang - Manananggal (means "The Remover" in Tagalog) - a woman who is normal by day and by night detaches her torso and sprouts bat wings and eats unborn fetuses. - Tik-tik (sometimes known as Wak-wak) - Giant humanoid crows who belong to witches (or "magkukulam"). To stop them, one must remove the crow that is inside of their stomachs. - Busaw - resembles human in appearance and behavior. They are corpse thieves/grave robbers. It dwells in cemeteries, sometimes steals fresh corpses from funerals or tragic accidents like car crashes etc. Their weakness is salt. - Bubuu - aswang with bloodshot eyes that makes the sound of a laying hen at night. On October 29 to 30, 2004, Capiz inaugurated the Aswang Festival, organized by a nongovernmental group Dugo Capiznon, Incorporated. It was a Halloween-like Fiesta as a prelude to All Souls Day and All Saints Day festivals. It was, however, condemned by the Catholic hierarchy and some local officials, as an act of adoring the devil. When former Capiz Gov. Vicente Bermejo assumed office as mayor of Roxas City in July 2007, the controversial festival was stopped. Canada's High Banks Entertainment Ltd.’s filmmaker Jordan Clark, 36, traveled to Capiz to film a documentary entitled Aswang: A Journey Into Myth (shot entirely in Victoria, British Columbia’s downtown). The Docu-Movie/suspense film stars Filipina-Canadian stage actress Janice Santos Valdez, with a special appearance of Maricel Soriano. The documentary's proceeds will help raise funds to help restore power in Olotayan Island, Roxas City and support patients of dystonia parkinsonism in Capiz. Capiz has the highest prevalence at 21.94/100,000 cases, which translates to one for every 4,000 men. Aklan has the next highest rate at 7.72/100,000. The figures suggest that XDP is endemic in Panay, particularly in Capiz. Some believe that dystonia was the origin of the belief in the existence of aswang. Especially during the times in the past when disorders like dystonia were yet to be diagnosed and understood in the Philippines, some people assumed that individuals afflicted with dystonia were aswang. Some physical manifestations of dystonia resemble the typical characteristics of an aswang, thus giving the illusion of a sufferer being an aswang.

Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you’ve made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. |Honey Island Swamp Monster| |Habitat||Honey Island Swamp, Louisiana| The Honey Island Swamp Monster is a humanoid cryptid that is reported to have been seen in and around Honey Island Swamp, Louisiana since 1963. It was first reported in 1963, when two hunters spotted this creature prowling the swamps. Its tracks indicate three-toed webbed feet. A possible solution for this creatures existence, is a mix of a chimp and an alligator however this is unlikely due to the fact that chimps and alligators cannot interbreed. It is possible Bigfoot that evolved webbed feet due to its swamp habitat. Some even believe it's an experiment gone awry. The creature was also featured on a episode of Lost Tapes, where it attacked a hunter who ultimately survived the attack. It is also featured in Cryptids: The Swamp Beast. The monster was first sighted in 1963 when Harlan Ford and his friend Billy Mills were searching for an abandoned cabin, spotted by Ford in a plane, deep in the Honey Island Swamp. The friends reached a clearing where they spotted the creature, who kept eye-contact with them only for a moment before escaping into the underbrush. Describing the creature, Ford said the following: "It was nothing like I'd ever seen before--ugly and sinister and looking like something out of a horror movie!" In 1974, Ford and Mills returned to the area on a duck-hunting trip. The two found several dead boars with their throats torn out along the way. Realizing the boars were too far from the water to have been killed by alligators, they began to suspect the Monster they encountered nine years prior was involved. This suspicion was confirmed when they noticed footprints, three-toed and webbed, around one of the boars. Rather than have a second run-in with the Swamp Monster, Ford and Mills retreated from Honey Island Swamp at a fast pace. Later that night, the friends returned to make a cast of the footprints. Another man, named Ted Williams, claimed to have seen the creature many times. He even believes there to be multiple Swamp Monsters. "I could have killed them," Williams said, "but I didn't 'cause they didn't seem to want to harm me." One day, Ted took his boat in the swamp to set trout lines. He was never seen again. DescriptionStanding over 7.5 feet tall and weighing between 400-500+ pounds, the Honey Island Swamp Monster — also known as the Louisiana Wookie — is said to be covered in a thick coat of matted gray or brown hair and swamp weed. Its yellow eyes are seemingly reptilian, and the smell it emits has been called the stench of death. This primitive creature has long been blamed for the deaths of livestock and the mysterious disappearances of children in adjacent areas. Popular lore in the region is that the Honey Island Swamp Monster might be the horrifying product of a union between a chimpanzee and an alligator. And in the darkly primordial swamplands that must look much the same now as they did thousands of years ago, the existence of almost any creature seems possible — no matter how ominous. One of the strangest legends surrounding the Honey Island Swamp Monster revolves around a train wreck which allegedly occurred near the Pearl River in the early part of the 20th century. According to this legend, the train was full of exotic animals from a traveling circus, which fled into the swamps after the train derailed. While most of the creatures would soon perish in the harsh swamp land, the legend goes on to tell us that a troop of chimpanzees managed to survive and even went as far as to interbreed with alligators. The result was a strange colony of reptilian like mammals. However, this is impossible, because monkeys and alligators cannot interbreed. The Honey Island Swamp Monster is allegedly to have a foul stench as other cryptids specifically in the Hairy Hominids category (Bigfoot, Skunk ape, Missouri monster, etc.) possibly due to the marsh's natural smell.

Monster: The Chupacabra Appearance: "Scape Goats" The X-Files Comics Digest #3. September 1996. Charles Adlard: Artist, John Workman: Letterer, Digital Chameleon: Color Design & Rendering, Jim Salicrup and Dwight Jon Zimmerman: Editors Back when I wrote this story, and even when it appeared, the chupacabra was a pretty much brand new phenomenon on the international scene. Was it an alleged extraterrestrial lifeform? Was it a cryptid? It was still early enough to make categorization problematic. For the purposes of my story I stuck to the reports and set the story in Puerto Rico, where chupacabra activity had limited itself, associated it with unexplained sightings of lights in the skies, and gave it the appearance suggested by eye-witnesses which looked very much like the traditional "grey" alien only with spines running down it's back and more animal-like hind legs. Because this was an X-Files story, there needed to be crime that would involve the FBI, and so a murder was conceived in which a human suspect seemed a lot more plausible than a -- whatever the livestock mutilating chupacabra was. Of course, one of the key bits of evidence presented in the story got botched (probably by the incredibly complicated and swift deadlines required of The X-Files comics) in which Charlie drew a convertible with the roof down, when a locked car with a roof was required. The editors missed it and I didn't see it until after it was published. It was an interesting story to write because it was topical and playing with a new phenomena, which doesn't happen too much with these kinds of stories. In any case, the chupacabra was a lot more intriguing back then when it was tied to one specific bit of geography and still looked like this: As far fetched as it seems, rather than being reduced to something that's suddenly appearing everywhere in the Americas where Spanish is spoken and looking like this: I'm sorry, but a coyote in need of a dermatologist does not make a monster, let alone an intriguing one capable of carrying a story.