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BLR

Europe & Central Asia

Emissions reduction goal Reference indicator Measures adopted or planned to achieve the station Results achieved Source of information Objectives and implementation progress The action sets the following goals related to the reduction of electricity consumption and reduction of emissions in the period 2019- 2030: By 2030, 370 GWh of electricity (14% of electricity consumption in the residential sector in 2015). By 2030, 1.6 Mt CO eqreduced. Electricity consumption saved in GWh. CO eq emissions reduced in millions of tons. Adoption of Law 69 of October 12, 2012, which provides among the General Guidelines of the national policy for the rational and efficient use of energy, which was intended to encourage the production and import of more efficient equipment, machines, materials and spare parts. in energy consumption to that they use or recover energy for their operation and that they are polluting hands to the environment. Decree No. 398 of June 19, 2013 that regulates Law 69 of October 12, 2012, establishes deadlines for the prohibition of the manufacture and importation of energy consuming equipment with EE indices lower than the minimums determined by the Committee Indicates Manager for Energy Efficiency The General Directorate of Industrial Standards and Technology DGNT) of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry through Resolutions No. 114, 115, 116 and 117 of November 30, 2017, published in the Official Gazette No. 28434- On December 28, 2017, the following technical regulations of EE or Labeling DGNTI-COPANIT 104.2017 were made official. Energy efficiency in Onverter split type air conditioners with variable refrigerant flow, free discharge and without air duct. o Labeling DGNTI-COPANIT 103.2017 Energy efficiency in split type air conditioners, free discharge and without open air ducts o Labeling DGNTI-COPANIT 103.2017 Energy efficiency in package or divided central air conditioners. Resolution No. 4559 of December 27, 2010 adopting the procedure to request one-time extensions to the term for the prohibition of importation of equipment, machines, materials and spare parts that use or recover energy for their operation, included in the standards and technical regulations in force in Panama. Development of the techno-economic analysis of the Energy Efficiency Standards for Air Conditioning and Refrigerators in Panama The results obtained from the action are not yet measured due to

PAN

Latin America & Caribbean

4.3 Renewable energy GOAL: Deliver 30% of projected total electricity output from Renewable Energy Sources (RES) by 2015 and 60% by 2020 Preliminary findings show that several sources of renewable energy can be exploited at costs that are competitive with conventional power sources as long as no major investments have to be made for infrastructural improvements such as road construction or grid extension and reinforcement (e.g., generation costs for wind energy could be lower than EC$ 0.20/kWh, well below the current fuel acquisition cost of about ECS 0.28/kWh). For rehabilitation of the older hydro power plants, estimations show that

VCT

Latin America & Caribbean

Sector Forestry Energy Priority technologies Adaptation objectives by sector Production technology and Promote technology and use of manure. the use of manure by farmers Reforestation of forest land Small butane gas cooking equipment Solar streetlights PV for public lighting Boat-buses for river-lagoon transport and associated infrastructure Promoting by 2030 in Refrigerators and air conditioners households and establishments in the efficient service sector the acquisition of 300,000 refrigerators and 300,000 efficient air conditioners Promote solar energy in public lighting Set up a river-lagoon transport service on the Calavi-Cotonou and Porto Novo routes Cotonou with the objective of diverting at least 30% of current road traffic in the same directions. (wharves/wharf soils over an area of at least 500,000 ha); Light diesel-electric trains for interurban transport and the Ouidah-Cotonou-Porto Novo rail network rehabilitated Increase the carbon sequestration capacity of the country's forest ecosystems by creating 15,000 ha of forest plantations per year over the period 2021 to 2030. Promote access for at least 275,000 new households to small gas cooking equipment between 2021 and 2030 Achieving this objective will require the establishment of a fleet of 20 boat-buses with at least 217 seats each. Promote a rapid intercity transport service using light diesel-electric trains on the Ouidah-Pahou-Godomey-Cotonou and Porto Novo-Cotonou routes. Achieving this objective will require the establishment of a transport fleet of at least 4 trains, each consisting of a set of two locomotives and 8 passenger wagons. Benefits are agricultural practices/activities that must be carried out each year/season, etc. Agricultural yields can increase with the implementation of ISFM techniques. The increase in yield can range from 50 to 100%. Likewise, this technology will reduce GHG emissions in the agricultural sector. This technology will reduce the emission of N20 due to chemical fertilizer in agricultural soils. GHG emissions from pressure on forests to find new fertile land will also be reduced. The soils of reforested areas will be protected. The plant cover improves the microclimate and therefore the environment. Reduced degradation of forest cover. Enhancement of carbon

BEN

Sub-Saharan Africa

Ministry for Co-Ordination of Environmental Affairs - MICOA potential of fish in Mozambique is about 310,000 tons. Recorded amounts of marine fish Other resources that are overexploited are those located in the bays of Maputo and

MOZ

Sub-Saharan Africa

Sec. 2. Goals for Agencies. In implementing the policy set forth in section 1 of this order, the head of each agency shall: (a) improve energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions of the agency, through reduction of energy intensity by (i) 3 percent annually through the end of fiscal year 2015, or (ii) 30 percent by the end of fiscal year 2015, relative to the baseline of the agency's energy use in fiscal year 2003; (b) ensure that (i) at least half of the statutorily required renewable energy consumed by the agency in a fiscal year comes from new renewable sources, and (ii) to the extent feasible, the agency implements renewable energy generation projects on agency property for agency use;

USA

North America

16. Some of these technologies may also avail of venture capital to allow them to scale rapidly. Government has shown its support for this necessary innovation underpinning its clean growth objectives with a £20 million cornerstone investment in the venture capital Clean Growth Fund ¹4. This Fund aims to accelerate the deployment of innovative clean technologies that reduce greenhouse gas emissions, alongside catalysing the UK clean growth venture capital market and leveraging private sector funding into early-stage clean tech start-ups. For example, the fund led a £4.7 million investment round into Piclo (the independent energy trading marketplace) with co-investment from Mott MacDonald Ventures. 17. The BBB is a government-owned economic development bank with a mission to drive sustainable growth and prosperity across the UK, and to enable the transition to a net zero economy, by improving access to finance for smaller businesses. UK Government has worked with the BBB on their new mission and objective to support the UK's transition to a net zero economy and incorporate environmental, social and governance issues across of its activities. The new net zero objective will support firms looking to move towards net zero, helping the UK reduce its energy consumption and mitigate the impacts of climate change. 18. Going beyond SME finance to larger scale infrastructure finance, there are significant pools of private finance ready to deploy into UK projects but there can be a mismatch between market appetite and the risk profile of projects. Infrastructure investment is vulnerable to market failure, as it is often complex, large, novel and long-term. Launched in June 2021, the new UK Infrastructure Bank can play a pivotal role in this space, crowding in private sector investment in important areas and helping to kick start new sectors. Across the Bank's full mandate (also covering regional growth), it has £12 billion of equity and debt capital and will be able to deploy £10 billion of government guarantees. We expect the Bank to use this to crowd in private investment as a cornerstone investor or guarantor to enable more than £40 billion of investment in the areas most prone to market failure, and to help deliver its dual policy focus of tackling climate change and supporting regional and local economic growth. Furthermore, the Bank will play a pivotal role in catalysing the role of local government in the transition, by financing strategic infrastructure projects led by local authorities,

GBR

Europe & Central Asia

The government will tighten Norway's climate targets so that they correspond to a cut in emissions of 40 per cent by 2020 compared to 1990 levels, if this can contribute to agreement on an ambitious climate agreement in which the major emitting countries assume concrete emission obligations. The government's long-term goal is for every person on earth to be granted the same right to emit greenhouse gases.

NOR

Europe & Central Asia

Moving forward Eleventh Malaysia Plan, 2016-2020 The Eleventh Malaysia Plan will strengthen the foundation of economic expansion and provide an enabling environment to support growth. Initiatives will be undertaken to provide a seamless transportation system and enhance mobility of people, targeting a 40% public transport modal share in the GKL/KV region and 20% in other state capitals. Rural, rural-urban and inter-city connectivity will also be strengthened through enhanced bus, rail and air services. Movement of goods will also become increasingly important as trade plays a significant role in Malaysia's economic growth. The logistics industry will therefore be strengthened. By 2020, Malaysia is targeting an 8.5% annual growth rate of the transport and storage subsector, along with a place in the top 10 of the World Bank Logistics Performance Index. In the Eleventh Plan, focus will not only be on expanding the physical capacity and reach of infrastructure networks, but improving their performance, productivity, and affordability. The aim is to not only bring such amenities to all households, urban or rural, but make these services befitting of an advanced economy and inclusive nation by 2020.

MYS

East Asia & Pacific

5 Energy Energy Generation 7 Energy Energy Energy Efficiency Energy Efficiency Renewable energy for the generation of electrical energy re-electrification of the Galapagos Islands with renewable energy (ERGAL) Efficiency Energy Energy Assurance of energy efficiency in the public and residential sectors of Ecuador ( SECURE)-including Plan Renova Refrigeradoras (see section Annexes and link with ODS destruction Action Energy Efficiency Program in the Transportation Sector of Ecuador (vehicle renewal plan) Contribute to sustainable development in Ecuador through the reduction of CO emissions, related to the production of energy, introducing photovoltaic and wind energy to partially replace the fossil fuel (especially diesel) used in the generation of electricity in the Galapagos archipelago Increase the number of dis- efficient electric power plants in the public and residential sectors, thus strengthening government replacement programs, which are currently being implemented in the country Renew the public and commercial sector vehicle fleet, by replacing vehicles that are subjected to a scrapping process, for new vehicles that guarantee conditions of safety, comfort, good service and improvements to the environment. MEER MEER Ministry of Transport and Public Works 5,687.18 tCO/aho MEER 500,000 -700,000 tCO/year N/D N/A 31,000 tCO/aho N/A N/D N/A N/A In design Promote improvements in the energy efficiency of Ecuadorian industry through the development of national energy management standards and the Industry (EE) methodology for the application of Energy Efficiency for Systems Optimization in industrial processes, thus improving the competitiveness of said facilities. - nes. Fuenter Developed by the project TENORA 12015) based on: MEFR 120153 2015h 2016 MTOP (2015) PNUDUMFER (2014) FROAL (2015): CELEC FR In implemen- tation N/A In implemen- tation The project implemen- tation stage is estimated in the period 2014-2017 It is expected to have data on the reduction of emissions with the application of this measure. Implementation is estimated to be completed in 2015. Implementation of the measure is estimated to be completed in 2017

ECU

Latin America & Caribbean

National University of Tucuman Maimonides University (Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences) Administration of National Parks (APN) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

ARG

Latin America & Caribbean

Denomination Autonomous Climate projects Registration of carbon footprint, compensation and CO2 absorption projects Operational program for sustainable growth 2014-2020 Implementation of the European emission rights trading scheme Investment Fund in Savings and Efficiency Action Plan 2014-2020 Planning of the Electricity and Gas sectors 2014-2020 Renewable Energies Plan (PER) 2011-2020 Sector/s Voluntary agreement SF6- electric sector no ETS Diversification and Energy Others Energy Saving- FIDAE Inter-sectoral GHG IS MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE FIGHT AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE IN SPAIN INTERSECTORAL POLICIES AND MEASURES Thematic objective 4 HFC "Promote the transition to a low-carbon economy in all sectors* Inter-sectoral ETS Energy Other Energy Energy Other Objective and/or affected activity Industrial Reduce emissions in diffuse sectors and promote the development of GHG a low-carbon economic activity encourage the calculation of the carbon footprint by Spanish organizations Sustainable growth within the framework of FEDER. Low-carbon economy, urban development and sustainable growth measures stand out. Achieving the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from the energy and industry sectors, through the ceiling for the allocation of GHG emissions by sector. Objective: Achieve a 21% reduction in EU ETS emissions by 2020 compared to 2005 levels. The purpose of this is to finance sustainable urban development projects that improve energy efficiency and/or use renewable energy to achieve final energy savings for the 2014 - 2020 period Meet the 2020 targets for energy efficiency, renewable energy and the environment Promote the consumption of renewable energy GHG Reduction of fluorinated CO2 emissions POLICIES AND SECTORAL MEASURES Energy Sector CO COM NO; EC PFC CO CO II CO EC I 2012 MAPAMA Starting Year EC I 2015 MHFP EC I, M 2014 MAPAMA Industrial Sector 2005 SF6 AV PI 2014 E 2011 PI 2014 Entities 2020 2025 2030 PI 2011 I 2015 MAPAMA MINET AD MINECO MFOM CCAA MINETAD MINETAD MINETAD MINETAD MAPAMA 1,995 2,070 2,070 LO. 6 1.0. 1.0. 1,020 1,020 1,020 NCNCNCNCNCNC LO. 1.0. 1.0. IT. 1.0. 1.0.

ESP

Europe & Central Asia

To implement its offshore programme, the Government will take the following steps: Reach agreements with relevant governments on the delineation of maritime bound- aries which could impact on shared reservoirs, joint operating agreements or unitisation of resources. Conduct all seismic and other activities preparatory to the development of contracts for exploratory or production programmes. E Position itself to award contracts for exploration. This shall be achieved by hiring a consultant and preparing the relevant "data package for distribution amongst bidders whose interest and involvement will be invited through a competitive bidding process. Establish a legislative framework for the offshore hydrocarbon programme. Ensure that critical Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEAS) and recommended preventive and mitigation measures are conducted. Establish an equivalent to the Norwegian "Oil for Development" model to ensure that the revenues gained from any sales of finite resources are channelled towards the sustainable development of the island, including the use of renewable energy sources to meet long term domestic demand. There is no intention to build a refinery at this time, however, this will be revisited if or when hydrocarbon reserves are found and quantified. Hydrocarbon resources will be used to offset national consumption in conjunction with renewable energy resources.

GRD

Latin America & Caribbean

CRIP 1-1: TOKELAU INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION REPORT Preparing Tokelau's Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) Report * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intended Nationally Determined Contributions.

NZL

East Asia & Pacific

The UAE is in the process of developing a comprehensive MRV-Transparency System that covers all relevant GHG and Air Quality (AQ) pollutants in-line with the mitigation targets; this ensures that the quantifiable emissions inventory is always kept up to date. The MRV-Transparency System will cover the following elements in line with the UAE National Climate Change Plan 20172050:14 The UAE pledged to leave no one behind' on its path towards a sustainable achievement of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, in which access to clean energy and the protection of the environment are seen as key priorities. In line with this commitment, the UAE established a national policy for empowering people of determination in all aspects of society, including climate action. As such, also the NDCA included representatives of people of determination to ensure their involvement in the discussions on UAE's roadmap to net zero. The successful implementation of the UAE's NDC requires an effective measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) plan to establish transparency and accountability in identifying progress and define areas of improvement in its mitigation and adaptation measures. An MRV plan provides the data required to assess the effectiveness of climate-related policies and can be used to inform and develop new measures.

UAE

Middle East & North Africa

section 7 of the Environmental Information Act, apply insofar as appropriate. The producer, importer, processor, and distributor of a product shall transmit information to which this section applies to the next link in the supply chain.

NOR

Europe & Central Asia

The "scenario with additional measures" starts from the assumptions that the Republic of Serbia will reach its national goal of a 27% share of renewable energy sources in gross final consumption and a 10% share of biofuels in transport in 2020 and implement energy efficiency measures to achieve a 9% reduction in final energy consumption compared to the previous scenario. This scenario includes the implementation of measures with the aim to reduce final energy consumption in the building sector, the commercial and public service sector, and the industrial and transport sector. Consequently, the relative reduction in energy consumption (reduction per unit of GDP) in the manufacturing and service sectors will be accomplished. As a result, energy efficiency will become a "new energy source"

SRB

Europe & Central Asia

(8) In subsection (6), for "an approved fund" substitute "an approved knowledgeintensive fund". (9) In subsection (7), for "an approved fund" substitute "an approved knowledgeintensive fund". (12) The amendments made by this section are treated as having come into force on 6 April 2020 in relation to funds that close on or after that date.

GBR

Europe & Central Asia

Pursuant to the decisions taken within the framework of the energy and climate package, Poland is obliged to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 21% in the years 2013-2020, compared to 2005, and has the potential to increase by 14% emissions from the sectors not covered by the system. In addition, Poland has committed itself to increase, by up to 15%, the share of final energy production from renewable energy sources and, by up to 10%, the share of biofuels in the transport fuel market, as well as to improve the energy efficiency of the economy by 2016, to the level of 9% of the average national final energy consumption.

POL

Europe & Central Asia

By 2022 Increase the number of electric vehicles circulating in our country by at least 10 times. Establish a regulatory framework for energy efficiency (EE) that generates the necessary incentives to promote the efficient use of energy in the sectors with the highest consumption (industry and mining, transportation and buildings, and create an energy culture in the country. Updating and incorporation of new products to the EE labeling program Implement the decarbonization process of the energy matrix through the schedule for the withdrawal or conversion of coal-fired power plants, and the introduction of specific measures in electromobility Reach 4 times the current capacity of small-scale distributed renewable generation (less than 300 KW) BY 2035 More than 60% of national electricity generation comes from renewable energies At least 50% of fuels low in GHG emissions and atmospheric pollutants in the fuel matrix A GHG Emissions Mitigation Plan for the energy sector is applied An Adaptation Plan for the energy sector to climate change is applied, within the framework of a national plan in this regard. 100% of new road transport vehicle models that are marketed have an EE label. 100% of new vehicles tendered for public passenger transport include EE criteria among the variables to be evaluated. BY 2050 At least 70% of the national electricity generation comes from renewable energies. The public, commercial and residential sectors take advantage of its potential for distributed generation and management of electricity demand. Innovation policies in industry contribute to achieving the potential for reducing energy consumption. 100% of the main categories and appliances and equipment sold in the market correspond to energy efficient equipment. 100% of new buildings meet OECD standards for efficient construction, and have control systems and intelligent energy management.

CHL

Latin America & Caribbean

Sectors/Actions 1. Energy Sector: SDGs 7, 8, 9, 11 and 13 1.1. Preparation and adoption of an Energy Law and a National Strategy for the Regulation of Renewable Energies and the Reduction of Solar and/or Tidal Emissions for the country's remote islands (Annobn, Corisco and others) Achievement indicators 1.2. Use of the A new hydroelectric plant installed in the hydroelectric potential of the Wele River with a renewable energy power of the Wele River, for the 205 MW, in order to reach 332,114 MW of electrification of all renewable energy in the year 2030. Continental Region of the country. 1.3. Reform and conditioning of the Musola and Riaba hydroelectric centers for the electrification of the entire island of Bioko. And Bicomo in the continental region. 1.4. Bet on wind energy options, At least 2 laws of the energy sector promulgated 1.7. Acquisition and construction of the use of buses and stations of urban and interurban collective transport for the reduction of emissions due to the proliferation of individual transport. 1.8. Apply energy and smart efficiency in the country At least generate 4.3 MW of renewable energy from hydroelectric centers for the entire island of Bioko. And 3.2 MW for Bata. At least generate 5 MW of renewable energy on the island of Annobn by 2030 1.5. Adopt the regulations A presidential decree promulgated international vehicle emission limits in ITV and that allows the importation of vehicles less than 7 years old 1.6. Create carbon pricing mechanism A presidential decree promulgated: Assignment of a value to the combustion of a ton of CO2, product of the imposition of a tax on liquid fuels At least acquire 100 electric buses for the national scope Al Less 8 battery charging stations and other uses built 2022- Responsible 2030 WED WED WED WED WED MAGBOMA MTCT By the year 2050, 100% of LED lighting has been installed in all administrative buildings, private company headquarters and public lighting of all country. At least 500 virtual institutional MAGBOMA meetings per year in all sectors MIE Estimated costs 2030-2050 1.9. Promote virtual meetings to avoid travel and the use of taxis and air travel 1.10.

GNQ

Sub-Saharan Africa

With regard to technical and vocational education and training (TVET), the number of TVET institution will increase from 1,329 in 2014/15 to 1,778 by 2019/20 through the expansion of government, private and non-government TVET institutions. As part of this endeavour, there will be one TVET institute in each Woreda and the number of regular students attending in government and private TVET institutions will increase from 238,584 in 2014/15 to 596, 455 by 2019/20. In addition, to supply educated and skilled human power for the development program, it is planned to increase TVET professionals' standard certification process and the number of assessors at the industry level from 632 and 26,406 in 2014/15 to 850 and 40,538 by 2019/20, respectively. Similarly, to strengthen the competitiveness of micro and small scale enterprise in the supply of products/services on the basis of the Value Chain Analysis, the number of feasible technologies will increase from 3,000 in 2014/15 to 5,442 by 2019/20. Furthermore, by providing industry extension services to existing micro and small scale enterprises, the number of graduating micro and small scale enterprises is expected to increase from 42, 216 in 2014/15 to 342,310 by 2019/20. To further expand access to higher education, 11 new universities will be established during the second growth and transformation plan period. Accordingly, it will focus on the development of university teachers, and on equipping research, laboratory and workshop facilities to ensure the quality of higher education. This combination of activities will help increase the enrolment capacity of public higher education institutions undergraduate students to 600,000. In addition, the number of postgraduate students will increase to 63,000 by the end of the growth and transformation plan period. To improve equity in undergraduate programs, the percentage of female students will increase from 32 percent in 2014/15 to 45 percent by the end of 2019/20. Similarly, in the second and third degree programs, the percentage of females will increase from 19.5 and 11 percent in 2014/15 to 25 and 20 percent by 2019/20, respectively. To improve the quality of education, teacher development program will be strengthened and teacher to student ratio will reach 1:19. To achieve this, the number of teachers will reach 33,030 by the end of second growth and transformation plan period

CRI

Latin America & Caribbean

(b) Enhancing the carbon sink capacity of ecosystems We will carry out large-scale programs to protect and restore major ecosystems. We will push ahead with large-scale afforestation, and consolidate achievements already made in returning marginal farmland to forests and grasslands, to increase forest and grassland resources. We will strengthen forest protection, and take targeted measures to improve the quality of our forests, so as to enhance the quality and stability of forests. We will step up efforts to protect and restore grassland ecosystems, and increase the overall vegetation coverage of grasslands. We will strengthen the protection and restoration of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. We will comprehensively protect and restore marine ecosystems, improve the carbon sequestration capacity of mangroves, seagrass beds, and salt marshes. We will move forward with efforts to restore and improve degraded land, and make comprehensive efforts to curb desertification, rocky desertification, and soil erosion. We will work to improve and restore environments surrounding abandoned mining areas. We will expand forest coverage around 25% of Chinas total land area and increase forest stock volume to 19 billion cubic meters by 2030. (c) Strengthening the foundation for ecological system carbon sinks

CHN

East Asia & Pacific

Sector/Sub-sector ENERGY Energy demand Transport Buildings Potential areas Search for alternative solutions for the production of new and renewable energy; Energetic efficiency; Equipment for energy-saving lighting (compact fluorescent bulbs, energy-saving public lighting, light-emitting diodes, etc.); Acquisitions and use of household appliances. energy efficient (refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, water heaters, stoves, etc.); Use of energy-efficient CFC-free refrigeration compressors Need for technologies Promotion of the manufacture and use of improved stoves; Acquisition and use of fuel-efficient vehicles; Acquisition of hybrid vehicles or gas vehicles; Change of modes of transport from road to rail Acquisition and use of construction materials with high energy performance; Promotion of the sustainable management of traditional energies (firewood and charcoal): Promotion of improved techniques in the production of charcoal; Promotion and development of solar (off-grid and grid-connected photovoltaic installations) and local wind technologies; Valorization of methane emitted by waste (municipal and/or liquid biological) for the production of energy; Promotion of the production of electricity by micro hydroelectric power stations; Promotion of the use of renewable energies on the basis of information and training systems; Promotion of innovative technologies of low energy consumption refrigeration and air conditioning systems; Promotion of the use of biomass from agricultural residues for the production of sustainable energy; Promotion of biofuels to reduce the consumption of petroleum products in order to reduce GHG emissions and the energy vulnerability of Togolese populations Promotion of the use of gas vehicles; Development of railways and promotion of their use for the transport of people and goods; Promotion of the use of means of public transport, in particular by bus; Design of high-efficiency motors Establishment of standards for means of road transport Promotion of the use of low-consumption lamps; Promotion of innovative construction technologies for buildings with high

TGO

Sub-Saharan Africa

Subdivision B Requirement to relinquish safeguard mechanism credit units etc. 22XNE Regulator may require relinquishment of safeguard mechanism credit units etc. issued on false or misleading information Amendment of the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 Part 1

AUS

East Asia & Pacific

Legal act Energy Policy of Poland until 2030, established by the Minister of Economy in the Announcement of 21 December 2009 on the state energy policy 2030 (M.P No. 2, Item 11) Energy Law Act of 10 April 1997 (Official Journal of the Laws of 2012, Item 1059, as amended) Act of 20 May 2016 on Energy Efficiency (Official Journal of the Laws of 2016, Item 831) Act of 14 September 2012 on obligation to provide information on energy consumption by energy- using products (Official Journal of the Laws of 2012, Item 1203, as amended) Act of 20 February 2015 on Renewable Energy Sources (Official Journal of the Laws of 2015, Item 478) Description The document includes a long-term strategy for development of the energy sector, a forecast of fuel and energy demand, and the action plan until 2012. The implementation of the solutions indicated in the document will help to meet growing energy demand, develop production and transport infrastructures and lessen dependence on natural gas and oil external supplies, as well as fulfill international environmental commitments The Act laid down the rules on the production and use of energy and saving its resources; it stresses the role of "Green certificates in promotion of the use of renewable energy sources; it also establishes certificates of origin of energy produced in cogeneration The Act defines the principles for the development of a national energy efficiency action plan and establishes the rules for obligatory obtaining energy savings and carrying out the enterprise energy audit. The Act also identifies the tasks of public sector entities in terms of energy efficiency, introduces changes to the white certificate system - energy efficiency certificates, which confirm the implementation of measures on determined energy savings. In terms of energy efficiency, the Act specifies the targets to be achieved by public sector bodies/entities by 2020. The Act defines obligations in connection with providing information on the consumption of energy and other essential resources by energy-using products. The requirements concerning the preparation of technical documentation and labels/fiches for these products and with regard to their impact on energy consumption are determined in the EC Decisions. The Act lays down the rules for organization/performance of the control system of providing relevant

POL

Europe & Central Asia

Each scenario has different set of policies and strategic measures how to achieve the strategic goals. Developed policies and strategic measures are categorized along five energy pillars and provide answers how to tackle current specific challenges and leverage on new opportunities. In addition, they are also in line with the priorities stipulated from the Energy Law in order to emphasize their relevance and contribution: 1. Energy efficiency: the Strategy maximizes energy savings up to 51.8% of primary and 27.5% of final energy. Historically, a decreasing trend can be noticed in the primary energy consumption with final energy consumption remaining stable. With North Macedonia being a developing country, it is projected that the GDP growth will amount on average 3.3% per annum, positioning North Macedonia in 2040 to neighbouring EU countries' GDP per capita levels of today. With GDP growth being one of the main drivers for future energy demand, maximization of energy efficiency policies is much needed, as they directly impact emission reductions, decrease import dependence, and stimulate domestic economy with local job opportunities. In all three scenarios, North Macedonia will use less resources to cover the same needs, with the decoupling of consumption starting from 2020 but with different rates per scenario. As a first step, it is important to determine the ambition level by setting the national EE targets for 2020 and 2030, where the Strategy results could serve as a good basis. The biggest energy savings can be achieved in primary energy consumption, mostly due to decrease of coal consumption in the Moderate transition and Green scenario. Also, the overall improvement of EE at supply side and continuous reduction of losses in distribution network will additionally alleviate primary energy consumption. As for the final energy consumption, it will increase in the future but with considerably lower rates in the Moderate transition and Green scenario, due to more progressive EE measures. Therefore, it is important to continue the usage of existing EE measures and introduce new ones for household and commercial sector. The Strategy puts additional focus on EE in transport and industry sectors as the biggest contributors in the final energy consumption, especially after 2025. For DH systems, the goal should be to improve the efficiency, especially via systematical reconstructions of distribution network. All planned EE measures need to be monitored so that those which prove to be more impactful on

MKD

Europe & Central Asia

Prepared by the on behalf of the Senior Environment Protection Officer, Malta Resources Authority.

MLT

Europe & Central Asia

RES electricity. At the current scenario a 0.155kWh/km required for an EV and a test conditions and may still be emitting more than claimed; or the trip may take relatively such as air-conditioning, car radio and lights. However the Committee recommends that

MLT

Europe & Central Asia

Dianmi Tedai energy low-carbon transformation leading area. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, vigorously develop distributed photovoltaics, promote the green development and utilization of geothermal energy resources, increase the scale of clean power supplied by Mengxi, Shanxi and other regions, improve the LNG storage and transportation system in the Bohai Rim region, and promote the low-carbon Winter Olympics Demonstration areas, Xiongan Smart Energy City and other green and low-carbon development pilot demonstrations. In the Yangtze River Delta region, steadily promote the construction of nuclear power plants in Tianwan and San'ao, vigorously develop onshore distributed wind power and distributed photovoltaic power generation, actively develop offshore wind power, promote the expansion of coastal LNG receiving stations, and strengthen Zhejiang-Shanghai, Zhejiang-Su, Jiangsu-Anhui Wait for the natural gas pipeline to connect. In the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and surrounding areas, steadily promote the construction of nuclear power in Huizhou, actively develop offshore wind power, explore the development of marine energy, accelerate the construction of pumped storage power stations in Yangjiang and Meizhou, encourage the increase in the scale of natural gas power generation, and improve the LNG storage and transportation and natural gas pipeline network system., Actively promote the demonstration of energy storage battery application. In other areas, promote the central region to increase the development of renewable energy and the scale of external introduction, carry out the clean-up and rectification of small hydropower, promote the transformation of green small hydropower, develop distributed photovoltaic power generation according to local conditions, and build the middle of the Yellow River.

CHN

East Asia & Pacific

Figure 17 shows the reduction in the demand for energy used for space heating in residential buildings in Germany. It was achieved in spite of the increase in residential floor space. Accordingly, the energy intensity of space heating fell from 151 kWh/m² to 136 kWh/m² between 2008 and 2015. 85 Figure 17: Final energy consumption and intensity for space heating - private household sector Since space heating accounts for a major share of final energy consumption by homes, increasing the energy efficiency of the building stock is an important tool for the energy transition.

DEU

Europe & Central Asia

There is no information on diesel oil consumption in the non-interconnected area. There is no information on fuel consumption in coal mining operations for this period. There is no information on the consumption of liquid fuels in construction and mining and quarrying operations in the country for this period.

COL

Latin America & Caribbean

Adoption by all provinces and territories of the National Energy Code for Buildings of Canada (2010-2012) Renewable fuel content in all provinces and territories (except Newfoundland and Labrador, Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut) Newfoundland and Labrador. Muskrat Falls Hydro Project Newfoundland and Labrador Carbon Pricing System Nova Scotia. Nova Scotia Carbon Pricing System Electricity Sector GHG Emissions Cap Renewable Energy Portfolio Standards for Electricity Generation Electricity Demand-Side Management Policies Resource Management - Solid Waste New Brunswick Renewable Energy Portfolio Standards. Provincial and Territorial Measures Quebec Western Climate Initiative cap-and-trade system. With measures Objective of 5% ethanol in all fuel sales by petrol distributors... Drive Electric Program Landfill Gas Regulations EcoPerformance Program for Industry Assistance Program for Improving the Energy Efficiency of Marine, Air and Rail Transportation (PETMAF) Program aimed at reducing or avoiding emissions of greenhouse gases through the development of intermodal transport (PREGTI) Ecotrucking program Mandate on renewable natural gas (5% by 2025) Ontario Regulation on ethanol in gasoline (increase in the content of gasoline to 10% ethanol by 2020). Time-of-use pricing to reduce peak residential consumption Renewable Energy Feed-In Tariff Program Landfill Gas Regulation (O. Reg. 216/08 and 217/ 08). Waste-Free Ontario Strategy Electricity Supply Contract with Independent Electricity System Operators Nuclear Power Plant Modernization in Ontario Energy Storage Contract with Quebec Ontario Natural Gas Conservation Framework 2015-2020 Ontario 1 Donn Federal Carbon Pricing Backstop Amendments accelerating the phase-out of coal-fired power plants and performance standards for natural gas-fired power plants Energy Innovation Program Incentives for zero emission vehicles (ZEV).... Federal measures Federal budget 2016: Support energy efficiency and the development of renewable energy resources. Improve energy efficiency of residential and commercial appliances (fridge freezers, ranges, clothes dryers) through regulations and ENERGY STAR certification (Amendment 14) Electric vehicle charging and alternative fueling infrastructure Investments in transportation in Common Emerging Renewables and Smart Grids. Non-Diesel Energy Systems in Remote Communities. Light-duty vehicles 1 (LV-1), 2011 to 2016 model year light-duty vehicle GHG emission standards Equipment standards (Amendment 13) Voluntary emission reductions for airplanes and trains Light-duty

CAN

North America

Our Minister concerned shall be authorised to apply executive coercion to enforce the provisions laid down by or pursuant to the Act concerned in cases where: Section 18.4

NLD

Europe & Central Asia

In this national context, this CDN Uruguay proposes for the energy sector to continue deepening demand-oriented actions such as energy efficiency measures that are already being implemented in the different consumption sectors and to continue incorporating electric vehicles in the bus, taxi and remises, cargo and individuals, within the general framework of sustainable mobility. For this, the necessary charger infrastructure will also be deepened, which already has relatively wide coverage throughout the national territory, and which requires speeding up the incorporation of fast and ultra-fast chargers. Process improvement actions will also be implemented at the country's refinery, with the aim of increasing efficiency and reducing emissions per unit of product. In the cement industry, the consumption of Net Zero by 2050 Report. A roadmap for the global energy sector In addition to these actions, the country is working on various enabling frameworks and policies that will allow mitigation actions to be leveraged. Among them, the approval and implementation of the Sustainable Urban Mobility Policy that includes mobility planning in the territory, modal change, emission reduction, accessibility and affordability of public transport, among others. Said Policy provides for a space for institutional coordination of all relevant national and subnational actors through the Inter-Institutional Commission for Sustainable Mobility that will be created for such purposes for its implementation. This policy will be supported in its implementation on some guides already prepared (Guide for the Planning of Sustainable Urban Mobility, Guide on Electric Urban Mobility) and pilots developed and in progress. Likewise, the approval and implementation of the National Circular Economy Strategy will provide the enabling framework and will generate new opportunities for climate change mitigation in the future.

URY

Latin America & Caribbean

A universal offer to harness opportunities across the UK 37. We are committed to supporting all local areas and communities, ensuring that none are left behind and creating net zero solutions which work for all of them. As we are reducing emissions across the economy, we must also ensure that the transition to net zero is a fair one. approach to tackling net zero in the round, covering all net zero issues. The programme will continue to help places make faster progress towards net zero, improve costeffectiveness, and significantly increase the economic benefits of the green industrial revolution by attracting commercial investment and supporting green jobs.

GBR

Europe & Central Asia

Establishment of waste management rules incl. adoption and updating the waste management plan is stipulated under The Local Government Organization Act and is the responsibility of the local government. Most of local government waste management plans also stipulate prohibition of open burning of MSW. The Estonian Waste Act includes following measures to limit and reduce GHG emissions: 2) Increasing reusing and recycling of waste materials to meet the requirements of the directive 2009/98/EC, the Waste Act stipulates that by 1 January 2020, reuse and the recycling of waste materials such as paper, metal, plastic and glass from households and possibly from other origins as far as these waste streams are similar to waste from households, shall be increased at least to the extent of 50% of the total weight of such waste per calendar year. The same target is also included in the NWMP. The level of reusing and recycling of waste materials was 27% in 2011, which increased to 35% by 2014.

EST

Europe & Central Asia

dd) ee) ff) gg) hh) ii) Wind Farm: A set of integrated wind towers whose purpose is to produce electrical energy in order to be transformed and transmitted to a public distribution and commercialization network; Transmission toll: Sums to which the owners of the lines and substations of the transmission system are entitled to receive for the right of use and right of connection; PEER: Producers of Electricity with Renewable Energy; Permit: It is the authorization granted by the competent authority, prior approval of the Superintendency of Electricity, to use and occupy national or municipal assets for public use with electrical works; Hydrolyzing plants: Plants for the processing of starches, cellulose and lignocellulosic materials from vegetables (biomass) by hydrolysis processes and fermentative processes exclusively for the production of sugary liquors for fermentation in biofuel ethanol production plants; Connected power: Maximum power that an end user is capable of demanding given the capacity of the connection and its facilities; dd) ee) ff) hh) ii) jj) kk) 11) nn) nn) Wind farm: Set of integrated wind towers that have po produce electrical energy in order to be transformed and transmitted to the public distribution and marketing network; 00) Transmission toll: Sums to which the owners of the transmission system substations are entitled as a concept of right of use and right of connection; PEER: Producers of Electricity with Renewable Energy; Permit: It is the authorization granted by the competent authority approval of the Superintendency of Electricity, to use and electrical works national or municipal assets for public use; Hydrolyzing plants: Processing plants for cellulose and lignocellulosic materials from vegetables (biomass) for hydrolysis and fermentation processes exclusively for the production of sugary liquors for fermentation in the production of biofuel ethanol; mm) Premium: Compensation to guarantee the profitability of energy with renewable sources. The premium is a variable regulated by the Superintendence of Electricity (SIE); Connected power: Maximum power that is capable of final demand given the capacity of the connection and its facilities; Peak power: Maximum power in the annual load curve; Available power: Available power in ac is understood as the greatest power that the plant can operate, discounting the c scheduled for maintenance, forced distensions and power due to

DOM

Latin America & Caribbean

ара: agencia portuguesa do ambiente Even in an existing policy scenario, it is already foreseen a sharp reduction in GHG emissions in the coming decades and there is a cost-effective potential for Portugal to achieve total emission reductions of around 51% in 2030 compared to 2005, up to 60% by 2040 and around 64 % by 2050 (without LULUCF). to -40%) to -45% to -55% by 2030. Additionally, a trajectory up to 2050 was established comprising emission reductions of - 65% to -75% by 2040, and from -85% to -90% by 2050 compared to 2005. Aligned with the long-term strategy Portugal also developed an integrated National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP 2030), that is the main instrument of energy and climate policy for the 2021-2030 decade.

PRT

Europe & Central Asia

In the conversion (power generation, collective energy) sector, a reduction of about 24 million tons was confirmed by reflecting the policy to reduce fine dust and convert to eco-friendly energy, and for about 34 million tons, the 3rd basic energy plan was established, the energy tax system was reformed, and environmental dispatch was strengthened. It was decided to materialize before submitting the revised Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to the United Nations in 2020. In the industrial sector, about 99 million tons will be reduced by improving industrial processes, saving energy, and disseminating excellent reduction technologies. In the building sector, about 65 million tons will be reduced by strengthening energy standards for new buildings and activating green remodeling of existing buildings.

KOR

East Asia & Pacific

Nonetheless, the Singapore Government remains committed to reduce emissions growth further. Plans to improve energy efficiency in all sectors of the economy were included in its 2009 Sustainable Singapore Blueprint. Prior to the 2009 Copenhagen Climate Change Conference, Singapore pledged to reduce our emissions by 16% from the 2020 business-as-usual (BAU) level, contingent on a legally binding global agreement in which all countries implement their commitments in good faith. Although a legally binding agreement has yet to be reached, Singapore has nonetheless started to implement mitigation and energy efficiency measures which should reduce our emissions by 7% to 11% from the 2020 BAU level. This pledge is not contingent on international financing and Singapore will utilise our domestic resources. The first phase of measures to encourage even greater public transport usage and improve energy efficiency in industry, buildings and households is being rolled out.

SGP

East Asia & Pacific

GDF, 2013a. Forest Fires in 2012b. GDF Fighting with Forest Fires Department GDF, 2012a.State of Turkey's Forests-2012.GDF Forest Management and Planning Department, 26p. GDF, 2013b. Turkish Forest Existance-2013.GDF Forest Management and Planning Department

TUR

Europe & Central Asia

The Law on Renewable Energy'. The main objectives of the document are: achieving a higher share of energy from renewable sources of at least 17% in gross final consumption of energy in 2020, as well as at least 10% share of energy from renewable sources in the final energy consumption in transport in 2020. Accomplishing these goals will increase the energy security of the country, significantly dependent on energy imports;

MDA

Europe & Central Asia

2. Strengthen the participation of civil society and co-responsibility in the implementation of pro-poor policy. Traditionally, the Central Government has been assigned all the responsibility for economic and social development policies. However, the failures of the statist models of the past have led to development proposals that eliminate previous barriers to the performance of private initiative, reduce the role of the State in the direct management of the economy and strengthen its normative and regulatory role. The Country Vision 2010-2038 and the Nation Plan 2010-2022, without eliminating the responsibilities of the Central Government, recognize the importance of executing programs and projects that can be carried out by the municipalities, communities, NGOs and private companies.

HND

Latin America & Caribbean

The energy sector covers all activities that involve fuel combustion from stationary sources and fugitive emission from fuels. The emission from energy sector in 2014 amounted to 10,817 kt CO and it is the main source of anthropogenic emission of greenhouse gases, it accounts approximately 46.9% of the total greenhouse gases emission in 2014. In scenario without measures', i.e. without implementation of energy efficiency measures and renewable energy policy and with the increase in a number of fossil fuel power plants to reduce the import of electricity by 2030, projections show steady growth until 2035. In the 'with existing measures' scenario, projections show stagnation of emissions until 2020 as the growth of demand is mainly satisfied by the development of the renewable energy sources and energy efficiency. In the period from 2020 to 2035, this scenario shows a slight decrease due to expected development of the renewable energy sources even without the additional measures, only due to market competitiveness and impact of the EU ETS. Most measures to reduce emissions in the energy sector are defined by 2020, so it has not yet been determined which will be implemented after 2020. In scenario 'with additional measures', all measures planned in the energy sector were taken into account and projections show a steady trend of emission reduction.

HRV

Europe & Central Asia

Each area of the economy must make substantial changes in the next decade to get on the path to Net Zero emissions for the whole of the UK. The transition must not be delayed. • All sectors have multiple options to achieve a level of emissions reduction that is consistent with Net Zero by 2050. • Most sectors can achieve near-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 in different ways. For many sectors, the shape of the overall emissions trajectory that is required is similar even where very different options are deployed (for example the relative uptake of electrification compared to the use of low-carbon hydrogen in manufacturing).

GBR

Europe & Central Asia

We cannot predict the exact technological changes that will help us deliver on the fourth and fifth carbon budgets (and beyond). Some technologies will develop faster than expected, making it easier to reduce emissions in particular sectors. Some technologies may develop less quickly than we hope. Total sector emissions reductions are compared against estimated 2017 levels. Supplementary metrics, where relevant, compared the 2032 pathway with 2015 official statistics. See Table 4 in Annex D, and Table 6 in the Technical Annex for details. The approach could involve¹50,

GBR

Europe & Central Asia

NDC 6: Strengthening sustainable energy related policies with a view to increasing the share of renewable energy from the existing 50%, to 60% in 2020. (The level of 60% expected to be reached in 2020 will be maintained at the same level, until further developments in renewable energy technology allow for increased share of electricity generation from the renewable energy sources.)

LKA

South Asia

ARTICLE 8 Beneficiaries - The beneficiaries of the regime established by article 7 will be the natural and/or legal persons who are holders of investments and concessionaires of new works for the production of electrical energy generated from renewable energy sources, approved by the authority of application and included within the scope established in article 2, established in the national territory, whose production is destined for the Wholesale Electricity Market (MEM) or the provision of public services. ARTICLE 9 - Benefits - The beneficiaries mentioned in article 8 that are dedicated to carrying out undertakings for the production of electrical energy from renewable energy sources under the terms of this law and that meet the conditions established therein, They will enjoy the promotional benefits provided for in this article, as of the approval of the respective project by the Application Authority, provided that said project has effective beginning of execution before December 31, 2017, inclusive. It will be understood that there is an effective principle of execution when disbursements of funds associated with the project have been made for an amount not less than fifteen percent (15%) of the total investment foreseen before the date indicated above. The accreditation of the effective principle of execution of the project will be carried out by means of an affidavit presented before the Application Authority, under the conditions established by the regulations. The applicable promotional benefits are as follows:

ARG

Latin America & Caribbean

Admittedly, there is a plethora of policies, strategies, plans and programs related to the forestry sector, but through this forestry policy, the Government would like to place particular emphasis on the establishment of a specific strategic framework for the management of to meet the many challenges aggravated in recent years by climate change. This document, of forest policy, thus marks a new beginning, an awareness and a commitment of the Government to reverse the trend in order to reach 30% of forest cover by 2050 while improving the local governance of forest resources.. The National Forest Policy, which will guide our actions for the next 25 years, clearly displays its objectives which are, among others, the improvement of the institutional and legal frameworks of the forest sector; the promotion of sustained forest production; restoration of degraded natural forests and conservation of biodiversity; the development of new forestry partnerships; the development of forestry research... These are all challenges that the government of Togo intends to take up together with local communities, the private sector and civil society, for the social and economic development of our dear homeland. M. Kossivi AYIKOE

CRI

Latin America & Caribbean

It is therefore the policy of my Administration for the Federal Government to lead by example in order to achieve a carbon pollution-free electricity sector by 2035 and net-zero emissions economy-wide by no later than 2050. Through a whole-of-government approach, we will demonstrate how innovation and environmental stewardship can protect our planet, safeguard Federal investments against the effects of climate change, respond to the needs of all of America’s communities, and expand American technologies, industries, and jobs. Sec. 102. Government-wide Goals. (a) Leading the Nation on a firm path to net-zero emissions by 2050 and achieving the policy set forth in section 101 of this order will require bold action to transform Federal procurement and operations and secure a transition to clean, zero-emission technologies. Through a coordinated whole-of-government approach, the Federal Government shall use its scale and procurement power to achieve: (i) 100 percent carbon pollution-free electricity on a net annual basis by 2030, including 50 percent 24/7 carbon pollution-free electricity, as defined in section 603(a) of this order;

USA

North America

4. Analyzes and basis for the creation of the energy strategy of the Republic of Croatia - White Book, MZOE 2018. 5. Proposal of the Low Carbon Strategy of the Republic of Croatia - for public consultation, MZOE, 2018. 6. Draft Climate Change Adaptation Strategy in the Republic of Croatia for the period up to 2040 with a view to 2070, MZOE, 2017.

HRV

Europe & Central Asia

(2) Where a shareholder becomes a holder of excessive rights in a company group REIT, then the provisions of subsection (3) will not apply for a period of three years commencing from the date specified by that company in accordance with section 705E(4). (3) Where a REIT or group REIT makes a distribution to a holder of excessive rights and the REIT or group REIT, as the case may be, has not taken reasonable steps to prevent the distribution to such a person being made, the REIT or the

IRL

Europe & Central Asia

As landfilling of combustible waste was only of secondary importance and is prohibited completely since the year 2000 (section 4.8.2), greenhouse gas emissions from solid waste disposal sites are small, further decreasing, and only result from Landfilling of combus-waste deposited before the implementation tible waste of the ban on landfiling of combustible waste. The WEM scenario is thus based on a continuation of the model for land filling of combustible waste until 2030 (IPCC, 2006; FOEN, 2017a). The share of CH. flared reaches a value of 10 per cent by 2030 (current value eight percent). Wastewater handling WEM Biogas production Emissions from wastewater handling are assumed to scale with the evolution of population. It is assumed that increased demand for biogas leads to the construction of 336 additional biogas facilities by 2030 (Prog nas, 2012). Accordingly, the total number of biogas facilities reaches 236 by 2020 and 461 by 2030, with a related increase of fugitive emissions over the coming years. WOM It is assumed that the ban on landling of combustible waste was not implemented. Consequently, the amount of waste disposed of at waste disposal sites under the WOM scenario follows the same evolution as under the WEM and WAM scenarios until 1999, but then only de creases to 10 per cent of this value by 2020, remaining constant thereafter. It is further assumed that the share of CH. recovered for power production (on total CHi produced) is the same under the WOM scenario as under the WEM and WAM scenarios (the share decreases disproportionately as the cost-income ratio is changing for the worse with decreasing CH production of the waste disposal site). Finally, it is assumed that the share of CH flared remains constant at 3.5 per cent from 1990 to 2030. Same as for the WEM scenario. It is assumed that the amount of biogas upgraded under the WOM scenario compared to the amount of biogas upgrad- ed

CHE

Europe & Central Asia

I. - The objective for passenger transport is to reduce the use of hydrocarbons, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, atmospheric pollution and other nuisances and to increase energy efficiency, by organizing a system of integrated and multimodal transport favoring rail, sea and river transport in their area of relevance, while limiting the consumption of agricultural and natural areas. Developing the use of public passenger transport is a priority. To this end, for inter-urban and peri-urban travel, priority will be given, in terms of infrastructure, to rail investments over the development of road or airport projects. In order to make rail transport more attractive for travellers, the State will encourage the development of the auto-train service. The State will take measures to adapt Law No. 82-1153 of 30 December 1982 on the orientation of inland transport to take account of the particular situation of each of the overseas regions. In French Guiana, the possibility of implementing a railway line serving coastal municipalities will be studied with a view to both opening up and sustainable development. II. - The State will ensure that travelers have access to more efficient rail offers for their journeys in France and Europe and for the service of air connection platforms, constituting alternatives to air transport. To this end, the connection of major airport platforms with the high-speed rail network will be improved. The creation of new airports will be limited to cases of displacement of traffic for environmental reasons. Access to airports by public transport will be encouraged. In order to fight against noise pollution around airports, the State will continue to support the control of urbanization around these facilities and will ensure the necessary financing of aid for the soundproofing of buildings for local residents, which is based on the principle of the polluter pays. It will ensure the transparency of information relating to the nuisances caused by air transport. Reinforced penalty mechanisms will be instituted in order to ensure compliance with environmental regulations by airlines. In terms of air navigation, the objective is, on the one hand, to reduce noise in the vicinity of airports by optimizing aircraft approach and take-off procedures and, on the other hand, to reduce the consumption of fuel and carbon dioxide emissions with the aim of reducing the environmental impact by reducing the distances traveled by aircraft and reducing waiting and taxiing times.

CRI

Latin America & Caribbean

65. National goal is to achieve 100% universal electrification by 2020. Sixty (60) percent access is estimated for now. Connection however has largely been by grid. 66. 67. Strategic Targets: i. To achieve 15% penetration of rural electrification by decentralised renewable energy complementation by 2015 expanding to 30% by 2020. ii. To reduce the average electricity intensity per urban household by 50% by 2020. Decentralised renewable energy penetration is less than 1% at present. The energy efficiency measure can free about 5,000 GWh nationwide by 2015 expanding to about 8,000 GWh by 2020. Energy for Cooking

GHA

Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-objectives To continue to participate in all relevant regional and international fora and negotiations, and to strongly promote the policy goal and associated targets of a Resilient Tonga by 2035. To identify and work with regional and international agencies that are best able to support the required transformation to a Resilient Tonga by 2035. The policy goal and associated targets of a Resilient Tonga by 2035 are strongly promoted through all relevant regional and international fora and negotiations. The transformation to a Resilient Tonga by 2035 is supported by regional and international agencies.

TON

East Asia & Pacific

To enhance the relevance of higher education to the needs of the country, 70 percent of undergraduate students were enrolled in Science and Technology program and 40 percent of them were enrolled in engineering and technology program. This is well in line with the policy objective of the government. However, to improve quality of education farther, the on-going higher education quality improvement program needs to be fully implemented. In addition, to link the higher education and training systems with development activities to keep up with technology development, the momentum to strengthen existing linkage of university with industries need to be continued. Remarkable results have been achieved in health sector during the GTP I period. Ethiopia has become exemplary in meeting the MDGs ahead of time in the health sector. Health posts and health centres were constructed in accordance to the national standard in all areas in order to make essential health services accessible to all citizens. Based on this, 38,000 health extension workers have been deployed all over the country. Mid-level and highly qualified health professionals have been trained and deployed across the country. Accordingly, primary health care service coverage has increased to 98 percent by 2014/15. To translate these investments in health infrastructure and health personnel into better health outcomes, extensive community mobilization and engagement was unleashed to ensure community ownership of the health system. Similarly, Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) has increased from 15 percent in 2009/10 to 42 percent by 2014/15 and deliveries attended by skilled health personnel has increased from 16.8 percent in 2009/10 to 60.7 percent by 2014/15. Similarly postnatal care coverage has increased from 36.3 percent in 2009/10 to 90 percent by 2014/15. Regarding improvement of maternal and child health, under five mortality rate has decreased from 204/1000 in 1989/90 to 64/1000 by 2014/15, while matemal mortality ratio has decreased from 1400/100000 in 1989/90 to 420/100000 by 2014/15. These achievements have been the result of community engagement and particularly the participation of women groups, health improvement, disease prevention, primary treatment, and socio-economic changes. Regarding to development Not with standing Ethiopia's achievement of the MDGs, maternal and child mortality rates are still high. Thus, during the GTP II period, the on-going efforts need to be continued with an increased momentum to further improve on the

ETH

Sub-Saharan Africa

In order to effectively implement the relevant objectives of the "Outline" and "Nationally Determined Contributions" of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", the Chinese government formulated the "13th Five-Year Plan" in 2016. "Warm Plan"), proposing that "by 2020, carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will be reduced by 18% compared with 2015, and the total carbon emissions will be effectively controlled", "total energy consumption will be controlled within 5 billion tons of standard coal, and the unit domestic The energy consumption of gross domestic product will drop by 15% compared with 2015, and the proportion of non-fossil energy will reach 15%, "the forest coverage rate will reach 23.04%, and the forest stock volume will reach 16.5 billion cubic meters".

CHN

East Asia & Pacific

the payment of fees and other charges for grid services as may be approved by the Authority. 38.2 Transmission Licensee shall provide the Authority with

BTN

South Asia

Review of the Fiji National Energy Policy: Draft Energy Policy, July 2013 Economic Consulting Associates and SMEC (New Zealand) Improving Fiji's energy efficiency in the transport sector and also in the power sector and amongst households/businesses - is likely a cost-effective way to reduce the cost and increase the availability of energy in Fiji, despite the fact that Fiji is a relatively low energy-intensive country. Fiji has made some progress in recent years, but there is still much to be done, in particular with regard to emerging mining projects which will increase the energy intensity of Fiji's economy. Sector governance and implementation

FJI

East Asia & Pacific

In the international field, Paraguay's main areas of concern are agriculture and the special and differential treatment of landlocked developing countries and those with small and vulnerable economies,80 taking into account that the 31 Landlocked Developing Countries! (PDSL) have common geographic problems due to their distance from coastal ports, insufficient internal infrastructure, weak institutions, small domestic markets and vulnerability to external shocks; dependence on political conditions, tariff and non-tariff measures imposed by neighboring or transit countries, which together lead to high costs in international trade, 81 livestock; the export of hydroelectric power to neighboring countries; commercial intermediation or triangulation. The sustained increase in Paraguay's exports since 2003, as well as in GDP, although it has largely underpinned the model mentioned, has also brought with it important innovations on which to think about a new model of development and more competitive international insertion for the country. Paraguay. In terms of agro-industrial products, the country is the world's leading exporter of organic sugar, fourth world exporter of soybeans, second world producer of stevia, fifth world exporter of soybean oil, fifth world producer of chia, sixth world exporter of meat and one of the main energy exporters. There are 25 main export products, of which eight are agricultural commodities and 17 items from the manufacturing sector. Other items such as wheat, corn, sesame and rice have joined the traditional exports of soybeans and frozen meat. All these agricultural commodities have represented an average of 58% of Paraguayan exports in the last decade. Table 22. Exports by products over total exports, decade 2003-2013 One of the fundamental characteristics of the current evolution of societies is the care to preserve the features of their cultural identity and to prevent the erosion of some of their values, in the face of the threats of standardization of tastes and ways of life to the that are exposed in an increasingly globalized world. This concern is added to the difficulty that certain peoples encounter -for historical, political or economic reasons- in having their personality recognized.

PRY

Latin America & Caribbean

Goals of National Energy Policy Goal 1: Bahamians will become well aware of the importance of energy conservation, use energy wisely and continuously pursue opportunities for improving energy efficiencies, with key economic sectors embracing eco-efficiency Goal 2: The Bahamas will have a modern energy infrastructure that enhances energy generation capacity and ensures that energy supplies are safely, reliably, and affordably transported to homes, communities and the productive sectors on a sustainable basis Goal 3: The Bahamas will be a world leader in the development and implementation of sustainable energy opportunities and continuously pursues a diverse range of well-researched and regulated, environmentally sensitive and sustainable energy programmes, built upon our geographical, climatic and traditional economic strengths Goal 4: The Bahamas will have a dynamic and appropriate governance, institutional, legal and regulatory framework advancing future developments in the energy sector underpinned by high levels of consultation, citizen participation and public-private sector partnerships Section 3: Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation Framework

BHS

Latin America & Caribbean

Guarantee of origin 1. Upon request of the renewable energy producer, ERE shall issue a guarantee of origin for each electricity unit generated by the power plant, after acquirement of the right to build the renewable energy power plant. 2. One guarantee of origin shall be issued in the standard form for an electricity unit of 1 MWh and it shall specify: a. The energy source from which the energy was produced, b. the start and the end dates of the production; c. The name, location, type and capacity of the installation where the energy was produced; d. Whether and to what extent the producer has benefited from investment support and from other national support schemes; e. Date of commissioning of the installation and when became operational; f. The date, country of issuance of the guarantee and a unique identification number; 3. The guarantee of origin can be transferred, alone or along with the physical transfer of the energy and shall not have an effect on the decision of using the cooperation mechanisms for the achievement of the objective or in the calculation of the final gross consumption of energy from renewable resources, according to the Article 4 of this Law. 4. ERE shall put in place an electronic register of guarantees of origin with an appropriate data processing mechanism to ensure that guarantees of origin shall be issued, transferred and cancelled electronically and are accurate, reliable and fraud-resistant. Any interested party shall be entitled to freely access this register. 5. ERE shall monitor the issuance, transfer and cancellation of guarantees of origin, and it shall ensure that the same unit of electricity from renewable energy sources is taken into account only once. 6. The guarantees of origin shall be issued based on comprehensive data and adequate information to certify the origin of electricity supplied by the producer as well as measurement data certified by the transmission or distribution network operator. Guarantees of origin shall only be issued if the producer provides all information required in paragraph (2) of this Article. 7. No support shall be granted to a producer when that producer receives a guarantee of origin for the same production of energy from renewable sources. 8. Any use of a guarantee of origin shall take place within 12 months of production of the corresponding electricity unit. A guarantee of origin shall be cancelled once it has been used. 9. The electricity supplier obliged to prove the share or quantity of energy from renewable sources in its energy

ALB

Europe & Central Asia

In order to expand the introduction of renewable energy in the long term, its cost needs to be reduced to the level of the existing energy sources. At the same time, efforts will be made to avail locations previously unsuitable for a renewable energy site, such as: improvement in power generation efficiency and durability; making the weight lighter, and; forming it into bendable forms. In addition, technologies to contribute to significant increase in the volume of renewable energy that can be introduced at a cost equivalent to the existing energy sources will be sought. In the case of solar power, this will include technologies that allow the installation of solar panels on building walls, factory roofs, on top of water, and on vehicles and drones.

JPN

East Asia & Pacific

3. Green and low-carbon strategy, focus on optimizing the energy structure, and take the development of clean and low-carbon energy as the main direction of adjusting the energy structure. Adhere to the simultaneous development of efficient and clean utilization of non-fossil energy and fossil energy, gradually reduce the proportion of coal consumption, increase the proportion of natural gas consumption, and greatly increase the proportion of wind power, solar energy, geothermal energy and other renewable energy and nuclear power consumption, and form a scientific and reasonable structure that is suitable for my country's national conditions. energy consumption structure, greatly reduce energy consumption emissions, and promote the construction of ecological civilization. By 2020, non-fossil energy will account for 15% of primary energy consumption, natural gas will account for more than 10%, and coal consumption will be controlled within 62%. Tiantongdi suggestions for the large coal-fired power base: Xu Ruoyis characteristics of glass water resources and silver distribution and the magic power of the ecological environment, family quality protection, environmental protection and safety access standards, promotion of green mining technologies such as filling and water conservation, focusing on the construction of northern Shanxi, Jinzhong, Jindong, Shendong, northern Shaanxi, Huanglong, Ningdong, Luxi, Lianghuai, Yungui, Jizhong, Henan, eastern Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other 1.4 billion-ton large-scale coal bases. By 2020, the output of the base will account for 95% of the country's total, adopt the most advanced energy-saving, water-saving and environmental protection power generation technology, and focus on the construction of 9 Xilin Gol, Ordos, Jinbei, Jinzhong, Jindong, Shaanbei, Hami, Zhundong, Ningdong, etc. A large-scale coal power base of 10 million kilowatts. Develop long-distance and large-capacity power transmission technology, expand the scale of power transmission from west to east, implement north-to-south power transmission projects, strengthen the construction of coal railway transportation channels, focus on building railway coal transportation channels from western Inner Mongolia to central China, and improve

CHN

East Asia & Pacific

tion were then calculated using relevant emission factors for each crop. ■ Synthetic fertiliser per hectare and hectares cultivated drive the emissions from synthetic fertilisers used. Synthetic fertiliser per hectare will grow from 65 kg/ha in 2010 to 247 kg/ha in 2030. Synthetic fertiliser use in 2010- 2015 was projected based on GTP targets, and usage growth until 2030 was estimated based on the World Bank 2015 fertiliser application estimate for India (247 kg/ha). ■ Hectares cultivated will grow at 4% over the years based on projections from the GTP, which already includes programmes such as improved seeds and fertiliser use. This will raise the area cultivated from 13 million hectares in 2010 to 27 million hectares in 2030. ■ Livestock population mainly drives the emissions from manure used on land. As projected in the Livestock chapter, the population of livestock will grow from 47 million tropical livestock units in 2010 to 92 million tropical livestock units in 2030. These figures are based on projections by the CSA. GHG emissions baseline and BAU projection for 2030 In the BAU scenario, emissions from soil will increase from 12 Mt CO₂e in 2010 to 61 Mt CO₂e in 2030 (see Figure 49), mainly driven by an increase in the use of synthetic fertiliser. The use of synthetic fertiliser is considered not to stifle the growth of crop reintroduction and manure application as the use of fertiliser on land is expected not to reach the saturation level in the years up to 2030, meaning that the use of crop residue, synthetic fertiliser and manure will all grow along with their emission drivers.

ETH

Sub-Saharan Africa

<< Art. L.271-3. - In the event that load shedding is valued on the energy markets or on the balancing mechanism, a payment scheme to the electricity suppliers of the curtailed sites is defined on the basis of a reference price and load shedding volumes counted as withdrawals within the scope of the balance responsible parties of the suppliers of the curtailed sites. The reference price reflects the "energy" part of the supply price of the consumption sites whose consumption is totally or partially erased. Payment is made by the end consumer on behalf of the load shedding operator or, failing that, by the load shedding operator itself. By way of derogation, the administrative authority may, for the load shedding categories mentioned in Article L. 271-1 which lead to significant energy savings, impose that the payment of this payment be fully distributed between the operator of load shedding and the operator of the public electricity transmission network. In this case, the share paid by the operator of the public transmission network is set by regulation. It is determined according to the characteristics of the load shedding category, so as to guarantee a benefit for all electricity consumers on the interconnected national territory. It cannot exceed the load shedding mentioned in the same article L. 271-1 which leads to energy savings. The costs borne by the operator of the public transmission network are covered according to the terms provided for in Article L. 321-12. At the end of a period of three years from the promulgation of law n 2015-992 of August 17, 2015 relating to the energy transition for green growth, the Energy Regulation Commission submits a report to the Minister in charge of energy on the implementation of the payment scheme, on the impact of demand response on market prices, on the capacity mechanism and on network costs as well as on the distribution between operators load shedding, electricity suppliers and consumers of the financial flows generated by load shedding. If necessary, it proposes to the Minister responsible for energy a modification of the rules relating to the payment mentioned in this article. This report is made public. The terms of application of this article are set by a Conseil d'Etat decree, following the opinion of the Energy Regulation Commission.

FRA

Europe & Central Asia

was asked thin the 2013 Doing Business report by the World Bank Fij is well below the regional average in some categories, including starting a busine.Si conclusions are drawn in the Asian Fij Development Bank's 2011 Private Sector Assessment which states. "The general business climate in Fij is not conducive to attract sufficient private capital... Government has also been promoting the development of other indigenous local energy resources in particular biofuels, in order to reduce the dependence on imported fossil fuels for electricity generation. The possibility of ethanol production in Fiji has been considered - however financial viability of this option is highly sensitive due to inconsistent supply of feedstock and the performance of the sugar industry over the last 10 years has deterred investors. The production of molasses by the Fiji Sugar Corporation has decreased from around 115,000 tonnes in 2007 to around 67,000 tonnes in 2012 while sugar production has declined from 237,000 tonnes in 2007 to around 159,223 tonnes in 2012. A recent feasibility study on ethanol production from molasses which was undertaken by the Fiji Sugar Corporation, recommended a 60 kilolitres per day ethanol plant be constructed to produce 16.579 million litres of anhydrous ethanol, which significantly exceeds the 10 to 12 million litres required annually for the E10 blending in Fiji." A similar study funded by the World Bank in 2008, states that the high cost of cultivating cassava means it is a relatively expensive feedstock for ethanol production and yields negative margins unless oil prices are very high. Current efforts on improving demand side energy efficiency have so far focused on appliance labelling for refrigeration technology in the domestic sector, the development of training material for a programme on energy efficiency in schools, and public awareness campaigns. There is clearly potential to expand these initiatives and make more of an impact on energy efficiency, including through increasing labelling awareness campaigns and targeting improvements in the public sector.

FJI

East Asia & Pacific

Finland welcomes that the Initial IMO Strategy on Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships was adopted in 2018. It envisages a reduction in total greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping and identifies three levels of ambition. First, the carbon intensity of ships should decline through the implementation of further phases of the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships. Second, the carbon intensity of international shipping should decline with reductions in CO emissions per transport work, as an average across international shipping, by at least 40 per cent by 2030, pursuing efforts towards 70 per cent by 2050 compared to 2008. Third, greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping should peak as soon as possible, and the total annual emissions should be reduced by at least 50 per cent by 2050 compared to 2008. According to the Roadmap, by 2023, IMO Member States should agree a final strategy on short-, medium-, and long-term measures, taking the results from the IMO Data Collection System into account. In 2021, the IMO agreed to initiate the revision of the Initial 2018 IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships, recognising the need to strengthen the ambition during the revision process. A final draft Revised IMO GHG Strategy will be considered by 2023 with a view to adoption.

FIN

Europe & Central Asia

In accordance with the provisions of article 12 of the UNFCCC, in particular those relating to the obligations of the countries which are not mentioned in the appendix of the convention, Cte d'Ivoire submitted its first and second national communications respectively in 2001 and 2010, and has just finalized its third national communication including inventories of greenhouse gas emissions for the period 1990-2012. This national communication which is the subject of this report is structured around 8 chapters. Chapter 1 relates to the Ivorian national context. It situates the country in relation to its geographical, climatic and demographic profile. I also provides information on the characteristics of the sectors of activity and on the practices and policies having interactions with climate change. Chapter 2, on the other hand, covers the national inventory of emissions and removals of direct greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N20 and SF6) from 1990 to 2012 in accordance with the revised 1996 IPCC guidelines. This inventory covers the main sectors, which are: Energy, Industrial processes, Use of solvents and other chemical products, Agriculture, Land use. land-use change and forestry and, Waste. Chapter 3 discusses policies and strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this chapter, the focus is on Cte d'Ivoire's contribution to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions.

CIV

Sub-Saharan Africa

Where cycling activity is measured as the estimated total number of cycle stages made each year, from 0.8 billion stages in 2013 to 1.6 billion stages in 2025.

GBR

Europe & Central Asia

In relation to climate change, the energy sector is the main emitter of greenhouse gases (GHG) according to the national GHG inventory, prepared in 2018 (MiAmbiente, 2018) (See chapter 2 of the IBA), and it is expected that it is a sector with greater growth by increasing the demand for electricity and the consumption of fuels to the extent that the population and GDP increase, especially in urban areas. Consequently, the Energy Sector stands out in national mitigation initiatives. The Planned and Determined Contribution of Honduras establishes that "the country aspires to significantly reduce the sector with the most emissions, that is, the production of electrical energy." Similarly, the National Climate Change Strategy (ENCC) presents a strategic guideline for the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and other GHGs associated with the burning of fossil fuels through the promotion and adoption of renewable energy sources. as well as energy conservation and energy efficiency. In the line of energy production from renewable sources, Goal 3.3 of the Country Vision (2010-2038) indicates that by 2038, 80% of electricity generation should be from renewable energy. However, it should be noted that the sector is also vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change related to reduced rainfall. As shown in table 1-2, the impacts of the drought in the country also cause energy rationing due to the reduction of hydroelectric energy production caused by the loss of flows.

HND

Latin America & Caribbean

lower by 2020 than the 1990 level. The transport sector also looks likely to fall short of this expected target. One reason for this is that the compensation obligation on fuel importers has only resulted in negligible emissions reductions in the transport sector - most compensation projects are being carried out in other sectors. With the revision of the CO₂ Act, emissions can be reduced by 25 per cent by 2030 compared with 1990. Figure 19 shows technologically feasible development of emissions under the ZERO basis target scenario compared with the 'Business as usual scenario for the sub-sectors of road transport. From a technological perspective, the transport sector can operate on a greenhouse-gas-neutral basis by 2050 according to EP2050+. Compared with the 'Business as usual' scenario, this nevertheless requires much greater reductions. Figure 19: Emissions development in the transport sector by 2050 (in million tonnes of CO₂eq) according to EP2050+. Source: Prognos/TEP Energy/Infras/Ecoplan 2020, unpublished detailed data.

CHE

Europe & Central Asia

Bearing these in mind, the Government will promote the development and investment of energy infrastructure abroad in order to contribute to the global reduction of CO emissions consistent with the long-term goals stipulated in the Paris Agreement. Especially in the light of growing demands on renewable energy worldwide, the Government will facilitate the use of renewable energy according to the circumstances of the partner country. On geothermal power generation, Japanese technologies have much competitiveness, and the Government will particularly take a wide range of measures to facilitate international application, including surveys on potentials, development, operation and preparation such as capacity building in Africa, Asia and other regions. The Government will also seek international application of offshore wind power generation, waste power generation, cogeneration systems and smart cities. The Government will also facilitate international application of such technologies as grid and energy storage to support the expansion of renewable energy, considering the needs in the partner country. During the transition to a decarbonized society, the Government will support the shift to cleaner use of gas by supporting the institutions and infrastructure to introduce LNG worldwide,

JPN

East Asia & Pacific

Appendix 1.3: IPCC terminology for 'extremes' Appendix 1.2: Datasets used by the IPCC in global analyses of climate trends National Adaptation Plan (INCR) 99

PSE

Middle East & North Africa

To achieve the goals of sustainably managing carbon sinks and reducing GHG emissions by at least 20%, overall priorities include improving institutional arrangements for energy sector management, promoting and/or mandating energy efficiency and energy conservation, expanding renewable energy production and use, and diversification and improved security of the existing electricity supply. Existing priorities for adaptation and disaster risk management will enable sustainable management of carbon sinks. Table 5 outlines priority interventions for achieving these goals. Improving institutional arrangements includes development and enforcement of an Energy Act outlined in the National Energy Policy 2010, with associated Energy Administration and a National Energy Committee (NEC). Achieving a 30% reduction in primary energy consumption by 2020 is feasible. This Policy recognizes that improving the efficiency of energy use will reduce energy consumption more than any other action and prioritizes actions that support adoption of high efficiency appliances and vehicles, energy efficient building standards, efficient modes of transport (including public), and smart planning. Government is also committed to energy efficient purchasing and construction. Achieving a target of 20% renewable energy sourcing will require expansion into other forms of renewable energy such as wind, waste (landfill gas), hydropower, and/or marine energy (wave energy and currents). This Policy recognizes the role that development partners play in closing the gap between supply costs for renewable energy and conventional energy. Additional priorities include comprehensive assessments and analysis of options (including financing), data collection, improved capacity, and development of renewable energy equipment standards. Renewable energy technologies shall be integrated in all outer island energy development by 2020.

PLW

East Asia & Pacific

V - 5. Investment needs 2008-2015 National primary energy consumption stood at 14.7 million TOE in 2008 against 13.7 in 2007, an increase of 7.2% Overall consumption per capita is 0.46 TOE Morocco, a non-oil producing country, is faced with a strong dependence on the outside for its supply (+ 97%) Petroleum products remain preponderant even if their share in energy consumption fell from 83% in 1980 to 61 % in 2008. The share of coal increased from 7% in the 1980s to 26% in 2008. Its consumption has increased especially in the generation of electricity Over the past three decades, the demand for primary energy increased by 4.2% per year on average Morocco's consumption of refined petroleum products was 8.96 million tons in 2008, against 8.06 in 2007, an increase of 11.2%. This is due to the increase in demand for butane (+5.3%), gasoline (+12.6%), diesel (+7.6) and fuel oil (+28.9%). Jet fuel consumption stagnated in 2008. Petroleum product consumption increased by: 2.9%/year during the 1980s and early 1990s 0.5%/year between 1995 and 2000, due to the drop in fuel oil with the commissioning of the Jorf Lasfar coal-fired power plant 4.9%/year between 2000 and 2008

MAR

Middle East & North Africa

(c) Accelerating construction of green transport infrastructure We will implement green and low-carbon thought throughout the whole process of planning, building, operating, and maintaining transport infrastructure, reducing lifecycle energy consumption and carbon emissions. We will carry out green and low-carbon transformation of transport infrastructure, and make utilization of infrastructure more efficient by coordinating the use of route, land, and airspace resources in comprehensive transportation corridors and integrating resources such as waterfront and anchorage. We will boost construction of infrastructure such as charging piles, supporting power grids, and natural gas and hydrogen fueling stations through an orderly approach to improve public transport infrastructure in urban areas. By 2030, all ground vehicles and equipment at civil airports will strive to be powered by electricity. 6. The action for promoting circular economy in carbon mitigation purpose

CHN

East Asia & Pacific

62 Energy from renewable sources in 2012, Central Statistical Office, Warsaw 2013. solutions combining the development of renewable energy sources with the development and modernization of the power grid. Standardizing the interpretation of regulations and modifying the RES support system towards greater grid development would also contribute to faster commissioning of new RES. The development of renewable energy in Poland requires measures to promote renewable energy in Poland (action 31), based on the Polish Energy Policy, the National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP), as well as periodic reports on progress in promoting and using energy from renewable sources in Poland (prepared pursuant to Article 22 of Directive 2009/28 / EC). The aim of the program will be to work out specific actions ensuring the implementation of the indicative development path of individual RES technologies specified in the NREAP, and as a result achieving at least 15% share of energy from renewable sources in gross final energy consumption by 2020. The program should contain solutions covering economic, social and environmental issues, so as to ensure the sustainable development of this sector of the economy. Considering the national potential of renewable energy sources, biomass may play a special role. For energy purposes, biomass from by-products, residues and waste from agriculture and agri-food processing should be used in the first place. These raw materials should be used locally in distributed generation units.

POL

Europe & Central Asia

• 2006 - 2017 from National Statistics and Information Authority (NSIA), Table 9-13: Quantity and Value of Mining and Quarrying and National Statistical Yearbook (various years) 1990-2004 from the UN Statistics Division (UNSD) - Energy Statistics Section. ¹18

AFG

South Asia

Non-GEL action. Its objective is to contribute to the increase in the country's forest cover. Includes the increase in Grupo Em- Forestal /mento in 74800 presarial Implemen- Nacional hectares of forestry; Tada area covered by MINAG artificial forests established between 2010 and 2018 and thus reach a coverage of 31%. Results obtained Potential extension of the mitigation action 2010/2018 3,194,565 ha/ 3,269,400 ha The measure was executed in the period 2010-2018. During this period, the average increase in the area covered by established artificial forests (over 3 years old), using only national financial sources, was 8,315 ha/y (INAF, 2019) and the 2016 Net Emissions Balance of the forestry sector reported the removal of 5.96 tC/ha/y for those forests. In total, in the period 2010-2018, 74,835 ha were reforested. This implied a removal from the atmosphere of 1,618.9 ktCO. The forest area of Cuba (area likely to be covered by forests) was 3,573,400 ha at the end of 2018, of which 3,269,400 ha were already covered by forests and 304,000 ha remained to be covered (DFFFS, 2019). If the reforestation rate of the 2010-2018 period (8,315 ha/a) is maintained, the reforestation of the total area susceptible to being covered by forests would conclude in the year 2055. If the average reforestation rate of the 2010 period is doubled -2018 it could be possible to complete the forest cover of the national forest area in 19 years (2037). This option would increase the area covered by artificial forests established between 2019 and 2030 by 165,000 ha, removing 169.9 million tCO, atmospheric in that period. This action is being technically evaluated as one of the options that can increase the ambition of the country's First CND by 2030. To achieve this goal, financial support is required over and above the effort that the country will continue to make in this direction.

CUB

Latin America & Caribbean

in Mali to get out of the current situation of dispersion of efforts and create a good coherent and widely shared. • OP N°2: Promotion of the integration of climate change into sectoral policies and strategies and into development planning at national and territorial level

MLI

Sub-Saharan Africa

No interactions with other sectoral measures 3.5.1.5 Sharpen existing climate protection goals in the Green-IT Bund project and • In the run-up to strategic decisions on the use of IT, the ecological effects of the production and recycling/disposal phases should be considered in addition to the use phase. For this purpose, supporting materials such as criteria, guidelines, etc. are to be developed for the procurement offices and corresponding key figures are to be defined for controlling.

DEU

Europe & Central Asia

vehicle user in a single-family residential building or premises a residential building located in a multi-family residential building to which it has a legal title, the electricity seller takes into account the electricity consumed during

POL

Europe & Central Asia

Central Government and the member municipalities of each region. will have been reduced rates of under and over utilization by 50%, physical vulnerability by 50%, annual loss of forest cover by 70% and the net use of water resources and damming capacity for productive purposes will be increased from 5 to 17 %. 60% of the energy demand will be met with energy from renewable sources and 250 thousand hectares of productive agricultural land will have irrigation systems (reaching the country's full validity in terms of food security and sovereignty). 200 municipalities in the country will be certified in licensing and environmental management and 400,000 hectares of forest land in a state of degradation will be included in an ecological and productive restoration program that participates in the global carbon bond market. All protected areas will have current operational plans and the model of payment for environmental services will be able to generate 80% of the resources

CRI

Latin America & Caribbean

Mitigation Scenario: The NDCs of Sri Lanka submitted to the UNFCCC in 2016 includes the activities that could be undertaken to reduce GHG emissions in the transport sector. They are (a) avoidance/reduction of journeys; (b) modal shift; (c) improvement of energy efficiency of modes of transport and vehicle technologies; and (d) fuel improvement. Among these, a greater emphasis was placed on the modal shift to increase the share of public transport which is supported by policies and action plans. The public transportation contributions to the entire transport sector is about 55% in 2020. It is expected to decrease to 47% by 2030 in the base case (Megapolis Transport Masterplan, 2016). However, in the mitigation scenario which is designed taking into consideration, the road and rail modes of transport are drawn on the premise that public transport share would increase to 62% by 2030 through the interventions mentioned above. An emphasis is also placed on efficiency improvements in new vehicles using improved fuel which emit fewer GHGs. The GHG emissions of approximately 81g CO.,/passenger km is expected to be reduced to 73g CO/passenger km. The more specific and detailed actions to be taken are as follows;

LKA

South Asia

The preliminary title contains the general provisions of the law, relating to the object and its guiding principles. Title I includes the minimum national objectives for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energies and energy efficiency of the Spanish economy for the years 2030 and 2050: the emissions of the Spanish economy as a whole in the year 2030 must be reduced by, at least 23% compared to 1990 and climate neutrality must be achieved no later than 2050. In addition, in 2030 a penetration of energies from renewable sources in final energy consumption must be at least, 42%, an electricity system with at least 74% generation from renewable sources and improve energy efficiency by reducing primary energy consumption by at least 39.5% with respect to the baseline according to community regulations. These objectives, in addition, will be reviewable, without implying a decrease in the level of environmental ambition and must reflect the greatest possible ambition. The goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 that is proposed for the Spanish economy as a whole is consistent with the increased ambition set by the European Council on December 10 and 11, 2020, which agreed on a goal to 2030 reduction of emissions in the European Union of at least 55% compared to 1990 levels, as an emission reduction path to achieve climate neutrality in the Union in 2050, in line with the Paris objectives. In this context, Spain, aware of the need to increase European ambition, prior to this agreement reinforced its commitments in greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy and energy efficiency in the PNIEC 2021-2030 with which it materializes achieving the objectives of this law. The PNIEC responds to the path that will ensure the best way from the environmental and socioeconomic point of view to achieve the full decarbonization of Spain in 2050. The objective established for 2030 implies a 39% decrease in diffuse emissions compared to 1990, according to the evaluation of the European Commission on the PNIEC of Spain, surpassing by 13 points the goal set for these same sectors in the European Regulation on the distribution of efforts in force at that time. The commitment to move forward and advance climate ambition is included in the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan, which places the

CRI

Latin America & Caribbean

it As regards the specific example on the NACE category of the counterparty at subsidiary level or consolidated holding level or from an SPV point of view, please see the EBA answer above, under question 1. e Amendments to the proposals Summary of responses received

EUR

Europe & Central Asia

Indicator title Area of marginal land restored Estimated impact of mitigation Unit Halan Gg CO, e This mitigation measure will be implemented through plantation activities. These will be done on degraded sites for needs of wood-energy, fruit production, fodder. Rapidly growing wood-energy species (Senna siamea, Acacia auriculiformis, Anogeissus leiocarpus, Eucalyptus globulus, etc.), fruit trees (mango trees, Israeli mango trees, citrus fruits, cashews, etc.), Works or services (Khaya senegalensis, Gmelina arborea, etc.) will be planted in these areas according to the needs expressed by the grassroots communities. Estimated result and estimate of avoided emissions The implementation of this mitigation measure will make it possible to sequester 3740.34tC, i.e. an absorption of 13.715 Gg CO-e Methodology and Assumptions In the FAT sub-sector: the COMAP tool (Comprehensive Mitigation Assessment Process for foresty) was used for the development of mitigation scenarios in accordance with UNFCCC recommendations. For the estimation of carbon sequestration for this mitigation measure, the REFROTN sub-model (Reforestation and enrichment of degraded landscapes) was used. Assumptions: - - - The reforestation of degraded ecosystems in Togo will make it possible to achieve a forest cover of 30% of the national surface area by 2035; The rate of forest cover will increase from 24.24 to 25% by 2025 according to the government roadmap The growth rate of the urban and rural population is 2.84%/year; The annual deforestation rate of wooded vegetation formations is 0.4% (NRF) without any intervention; Togo's desire to reduce the area of plant formations annually burned by 5% will be disrupted by uncontrolled vegetation fires. Main indicators used Indicator Baseline value Targeted value Progress indicators Not estimated 500 Year to which the reference value and the 2020 objective refer Value of the indicator during the last year of the report Not estimated Indicators relating to impacts on of GHG emissions Not estimated 13.715 2030 Not estimated Year of report 2021 2021 Most relevant data sources to calculate the value of the MERF indicator MERF

TGO

Sub-Saharan Africa

In Slovenia, 9,630 ha of forests are declared forest reserves in which forests are subject to natural development. Forest reserves contribute to the increase in biodiversity in forests and enable studies of natural development of forests. Wood as an important renewable natural resource has long contributed to the development of industry and the entire economy in Slovenia, especially in rural areas. Integration of forestry and wood industry with the purpose of providing wood processing and added value in the domestic environment is therefore important for the further development of the economy. Since wood is the most energy conserving material, forest and permanently integrated wood are important factors for carbon sequestration (carbon dioxide sink), which also presents a contribution to wise use of energy and clean environment. Sustainable wild game management also contributes to the economy, especially in rural areas, because hunting in the connection with tourism is an important source of income in rural areas. Hunting as a form of recreation attracts guests who at the same time consume other tourist offers, while game meat brings something new to the menu as well as to the tourist offer. Wild game also attracts other tourists who want to watch or take photographs.

SVN

Europe & Central Asia

Fulcrum BioEnergy has announced plans to develop its first UK residual waste to low carbon SAF plant. The 'Fulcrum NorthPoint' biorefinery will be located at the Essar Oil (UK) Limited refinery at Stanlow, Ellesmere Port in the North West of England. secure fuel supplies are maintained during the transition to net zero. Case study: Fulcrum BioEnergy

GBR

Europe & Central Asia

1.7 The Chief Executive announced in the 2020 Policy Address that Hong Kong would strive to achieve carbon neutrality before 2050. In 2019, electricity generation was the largest source of carbon emissions, accounting for about two-thirds (66%) of the total emissions in Hong Kong, followed by transport (about 18%), waste (about 7%, mainly from landfills), other end use of fuel (about 5%), and industrial processes and product use (about 4%). It is an extremely challenging target to achieve carbon neutrality before 2050, i.e. in less than 30 years. Hong Kong must formulate a proactive, forward-looking and targeted decarbonisa- tion strategy, and strive to encourage the parti- cipation of the whole community. The community in general expects Hong Kong to go further in deep decarbonisation... The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will strive to achieve carbon neutrality before 2050. To this end, the Government will set out more proactive strategies and measures to reduce carbon emissions. The Chief Executive, Mrs Carrie Lam,

HKG

East Asia & Pacific

In conclusion, the implementation of the policy measures set out in Section 3, along with the policies in the Energy sector, in combination with the implementation of additional measures will enable Bulgaria to reduce GHG emissions by 49% by 2030 as compared to 1990. The table below sets out the projections for GHG emissions reduction in Bulgaria as at 2030 with additional measures. Conclusion

BGR

Europe & Central Asia

Article 1 (Enforcement Date) This Act shall enter into force one year after the date of its promulgation. Articles 2 through 22 Omitted.

KOR

East Asia & Pacific

Production of natural gas to reach about 4500 mmcfd by December 2015 Optimizing domestic production of primary energy resources including renewable energies. Expanding access of the poor to primary and secondary energy sources through affordable pricing and targeted distribution. Construction of 6.15km. long Padma Multipurpose Bridge at Mawa-Janjira; Construction of about 26 km. long Dhaka Elevated Expressway. V. Gender Equality and Empowerment Female to male ratio in tertiary education to be raised from current 32 percent to 60 percent. VI The ratio of literate female to male for age group 20-24 to be raised to 100 percent from the current 85 percent. Environ tainabilitu Increase productive forest coverage by 2 percentage points. Improve air quality in Dhaka and other large cities and enacted Clean Air Act Treat all urban waste water by FY15 to clean river waters Promote Zero discharge of industrial effluents. Urban wetlands are restored and protected in line with Wetland Conservation Act At least 10% of the wetland in peak dry season is protected as aquatic sanctuary Jolmahal leasing system phased out in favour of pro-poor community based manage Risk Atlas for at least 7 cities/towns developed by 2015. 500 meter wide permanent green belt established and protected along the coast Eco-tourism promoted at least in 15 protected areas and ECAS Comprehensive Marine Resources Management Plan developed Land zoning for sustainable land/water use completed. Environmental, Climate Change and disaster risk reduction considerations are integ into project design, budgetary allocations and implementation process. Canals and natural water flows of Dhaka and other major cities restored. VII. Information and Communications Technology (ICT)

CRI

Latin America & Caribbean

of the different • Develop complementarity of approaches and methods contributing to the production of knowledge (National Institute for Health and Medical Research (Inserm), National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), National Food Safety Agency ( ANSES), National Public Health Agency (ANSP), National Research Agency (ANR), National Cancer Institute (INC), etc.) • Guarantee the transparency and independence of the studies carried out in this field - Limit the impact of the healthcare system on the environment (drug residues in water and soil, waste from healthcare activities, energy footprint, etc.)

FRA

Europe & Central Asia

Thailand requires additional investment in the infrastructure in power generation, transportation, manufacturing industries, and buildings. In the power sector, the present worth of the power system cost will be increased by 62.0 % compared to the BAU level (see Table 3-2). The natural gas power plants with CCS and bio-energy with CCS require the highest investment in 2050, followed by wind and solar powers. The transport system cost will be increased by 16.2% compared to the BAU level. Electric trucks and electric pick-ups will account for the highest share of investment followed by electric buses and trucks. In the manufacturing industries, the energy efficiency improvement in the heating and the motor systems and the deployment of CCS require the highest investment in the non-metallic and the chemical industries in 2050. The manufacturing industries system cost will be increased by 15.3% compared to the BAU level. The heating systems, cooling systems, and the installation of solar water heating systems require the highest investment in the building sector; however, building sector shows almost unchanged investment compared to the BAU level because of the reduction in technology prices and greater use of the energy efficient technology during 2030-2050.

THA

East Asia & Pacific

The desired reduction of GHG emissions by 2020 of 20 per cent below the BAU scenario level requires decisive actions at the national and sector levels. For instance, considerable abatement contributions are expected to be achieved within the energy sector (533 ktep savings are envisaged from energy efficiency measures and 430 ktep savings from RES implementation covering the energy demand - the policy instruments in place envisage increasing the share of RES in the country's energy balance up to 20 percent by 2020, and covering up to 10 percent of the electricity demand with locally produced renewable energy by 2020).

MDA

Europe & Central Asia

Thailand intends to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 20 percent business-as-usual (BAU) level by 2030. The level of contribution could increase up to 25 percent, subject to adequate and enhanced access to technology development and transfer, financial resources and capacity building support. Thailand is formulating its Long-term Low Greenhouse Gas Emission Development Strategy (LT-LEDS) which will guide Thailand towards a climate-resilient and low greenhouse gas emissions development and serve as a basis for enhancing its subsequent NDCs.

THA

East Asia & Pacific