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Tue 22 May 2012 Filed under: Business / Trade,Inside Burma Protests against chronic power shortages spread to Yangon late Tuesday, AFP reporters said, following rallies in Myanmar’s second city Mandalay which saw several opposition party members briefly held by police.People in the country formerly known as Burma are testing the boundaries of their freedom under the quasi-civilian government which took power last year after the end of decades of outright military rule. Two short but noisy demonstrations involving a total of 150 people took place in front of Sule Pagoda in the heart of Yangon, the focus of uprisings in 1988 and 2007 which were brutally crushed by the military. Activists and former political prisoners at the second — and larger — of the protests shouted “give us 24-hour electricity” for around 10 minutes before the crowd dispersed on the police’s request, an AFP reporter said. Myanmar suffers crippling power cuts, with six hour blackouts commonplace in Yangon and outages three times as long in Mandalay, where around 1,500 people on Monday protested as news of the rallies spread on Facebook. “We can’t have a good quality of life without electricity, which is the basis for development of the country,” said 21-year-old protester Shew Yee in Yangon. In Mandalay, a threatened third straight night of rallies failed to materialise after more than a thousand residents came out on Sunday and Monday, in the nation’s biggest protests since the monk-led 2007 uprising. Heavy security blanketed the rally sites late Tuesday, an AFP reporter said, but could not prevent around 50 motorcyclists shouting slogans from their bikes as protesters found new ways to voice discontent. Earlier about 10 members of opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy party were taken for questioning, an NLD member of parliament from Mandalay, Ohn Kyaing, told AFP. “The authorities treated them well and released them afterwards,” he said. Protests are rare in Myanmar, where pro-democracy rallies in 1988 and 2007 triggered bloody military crackdowns. Under a new law, one of a slew of reformist moves by President Thein Sein’s government since the end of army rule, authorised protests have been permitted, but the demonstrators in Mandalay did not have approval when they began their rally over the weekend. Residents accuse the government of failing to provide electricity to its citizens while selling power to neighbouring China. Only 13 percent of Myanmar’s population has access to electricity, according to 2009 figures from the World Bank. In a rare move to placate public opinion, state mouthpiece the New Light of Myanmar ran an article Tuesday signed by the Ministry of Electric Power explaining that high summer energy consumption had led to the shortages. “The people are requested to understand the current situation in which electricity is being alternately supplied to the public,” the English-language newspaper said, urging people to conserve power. The report did not directly refer to the protests. The New Light said four electricity pylons in Shan state were destroyed by ethnic rebels on Saturday, worsening the supply shortages.

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The State of Twitter 2012 Twitter, we haven’t forgotten about you! Facebook has been hogging the spotlight lately as the major social media network of the moment due to news last week of their commitment to deleting fake likes, reaching 1 billion users and a commercial that likely was a big flop. Despite the fact that Facebook is cracking down, Twitter is in no hurry to make their users go by their real own identities on the network. Even though that likely means the phenomenon of fake followers won’t be going anywhere, a network that allows for anonymity is okay by CEO Dick Costolo. There’s no question that Twitter’s usage numbers can’t compete with Facebook’s billion users, 3 times the total US population. However, the most interesting figure is how daily use has grown. According to Pew Research, in 2006 just 2% of online adults tweeted on a daily basis. Today, around 11% of adults Tweet multiple times daily, indicating that “micro-blogging” through sharing articles, facts and photos of your brunch have become as automatic for some of us as brushing our teeth. Twitter’s potential as a tool for marketing continues to soar. Promoted Tweets have an average engagement rate of between 1 and 3%, a rate that few other social media networks can even dream of competing with. According to Sales Marketing Chief Shane Steele, as of early October 2012, more than half of active Twitter users follow at least 6 brands. A recent marketing campaign by Men’s Ware company Bonobos required Twitter users to generate 49 retweets before unlocking savings, an innovative idea that resulted in a 1,800% ROI for the company’s efforts. Twitter might not be quite as big as Facebook, but it’s still a powerful tool for companies to connect with followers and it’s definitely not going anywhere fast: 1. Twitter Generates 200 Million Tweets and 1.6 Billion Search Queries Daily. 2. 73% of Americans Trust Information and Advice From Twitter. 3. Twitter Posts Between 1-3PM EST Monday through Thursday Receive the Most Clicks. 4. Only 10% of the Top 10,000 Websites Have Some Twitter Integration. 5. 8% of Online Adults Use Twitter Daily, Up From 2% in 2011. 6. Twitter Now Has More Than 500 Million Accounts. 141.8 Million Are in the US. 7. 94% of the Interbrand Top 100 Brands Are on Twitter. 8. 84% of Colleges and Universities Tweet, a 25% Increase From 2011. 9. 86% of Consumers Rely on User-Generated Content on Twitter to Research Medications. 10. Twitter Accounts for 14% of Mobile Social Media Sign-Ins. 11. 89% of Americans 12 or Older are Personally Familiar With Twitter. 13. 55% of Job Searchers Use LinkedIn, Facebook or Twitter. 14. 15% of Job Searchers Have Found a Job Through LinkedIn, Facebook or Twitter. 15. 7% of US Consumers Have Searched a Hashtag They Saw on TV. 16. 31% of US Consumers Have Made a Purchase Based on a Twitter Recommendation. 17. 42% of Twitter Users Follow Brands. Only 17% Follow Coworkers. 18. 36% of Twitter Users Signed Up in the Past Year. 19. B2B Marketers on Twitter Generate Twice as Many Leads. 20. 53% of B2B Companies Actively Use Twitter. 21. The Average Twitter User Retweets 1 in 318 URLs. 22. 23% of Retailers Feature Deals on Twitter. Which of these Twitter Stats Surprised You the Most? Have You Come Across Any Shocking Social Media Facts Lately? Share in the Comments!

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A new study by German consulting firm Prognos, commissioned by German think tank the Bertelsmann Foundation, just put a price tag on peripheral countries like Greece, Portugal, Spain, and Italy exiting the euro. The worst case – all four countries leave, and it costs the world a total of $22 trillion in economic growth. The study also looks at the ramifications of 1) just a Greek exit, 2) a Greek/Portuguese exit, 3) A Greek/Portuguese/Spanish exit, and 4) an exit by Greece, Portugal, Spain, and Italy. Here are the results (the table measures losses in euros): If only Greece were to exit, the study still estimates a total of $881 billion (674 billion euros) in lost growth worldwide. If Portugal followed Greece, that would raise the damage to $3.2 trillion. If Spain joined, that number would go to a staggering $10.3 trillion. However, Italy clearly has the biggest impact. If Italy were to follow the other three, the total lost economic growth worldwide would more than double to $22 trillion. Here is what the study has to say on the effects of the worst case scenario: The departure of Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain from the European Monetary Union would provoke a worldwide recession that would translate into a GDP decline amounting to nearly 17.2 trillion euros in the 42 VIEW states in the lead-up to 2020. In terms of absolute figures, the declines would be the greatest in France (2.9 trillion euros), the US (2.8 trillion euros), China (1.9 trillion euros), and Germany (around 1.7 trillion euros). France would be particularly hard hit by Italy’s sovereign default and exit from the euro, on account of the extensive loans French banks have made to Italy. The cumulative GDP decline would amount to 154 percent of economic output for 2013, with Italy alone registering a cumulative GDP loss of around 75 percent of GDP for 2013. The counterpart figures for Germany, the US and China would be 69, 25 and 49 percent respectively. For more on the model used to derive these estimates and the requisite assumptions that went into it, check out the full text of the study. It's available on the Bertelsmann Foundation's website >

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The Threepenny Opera (Die 3groschenoper) [DVD] Director : G.W. Pabst Screenplay : Béla Balázs, Léo Lania, & Ladislaus Vajda (based on the play by Bertolt Brecht) MPAA Rating : NR Year of Release : 1931 Stars : Rudolf Forster (Mackie Messer), Carola Neher (Polly Peachum), Reinhold Schünzel (Tiger-Brown), Fritz Rasp (Peachum), Valeska Gert (Mrs. Peachum), Lotte Lenya (Jenny), Hermann Thimig (The Vicar), Ernst Busch (The Street Singer), Vladimir Sokoloff (Smith, the Jailer) The Threepenny Opera (Die 3groschenoper) began its life on stage in Germany in the late 1920s as a rousing opera parody that dared to use the underbelly of society as its canvas. The exact process by which it was written and staged is such a labyrinth of confusion, false credit, and borrowed material that I'll simply note that the play itself is generally credited to radical playwright Bertold Brecht and the songs to composer Kurt Weill. The process by which the immensely popular play was brought to the silver screen is even more confusing, resulting in both Brecht and Weill suing the producers (Brecht lost; Weill won). Suffice it to say here that the great director G.W. Pabst, who had most recently started the cult of Louise Brooks with his magnificent silent epic Pandora's Box (1929), directed a screenplay that substantially changed several things from the play, including the ending, which made it, if anything, more socially cutting. The story in The Threepenny Opera is actually derived from a much older source: John Gay's 1728 The Beggar's Opera, which was also a parody of traditional opera and took place amid the gutter set. Set in the back alleys of Victorian-era London, the story's primary character is Mackie Messer (aka, Mack the Knife), played by Rudolf Forster. Mackie is a dapper, successful crime lord who falls for Polly Peachum (Carola Neher), who happens to be the daughter of Mr. Peachum (Fritz Rasp), the so-called “beggar king” who has taken it upon himself to control London's beggars by licensing them. Peachum does not take kindly to Mackie seducing his only daughter, so he forces London's chief of police, Tiger-Brown (Reinhold Schünzel), to crack down on Mackie, who is Tiger-Brown's longtime friend. Thus, the story is, in a sense, a love triangle, with Polly caught in the middle between her new husband and her demanding father, and one of its most progressive elements is the iron-fist manner in which Polly steps up and takes over Mackie's gang when needed. She is not a woman who will be pushed around. In his direction, Pabst seems somewhat torn between staying true to the story's theatrical roots and expanding it out into the purely cinematic. Pabst had made his name in the 1920s directing a series of films praised for their social realism, which stood in stark contrast to the expressionist tendencies that had defined the German cinema in the earlier part of the decade. He brings that textured understanding of the streets to The Threepenny Opera, making carefully constructed sets feel dank and lived in. Much of the story unfolds inside old warehouses, back alleys, and deserted buildings; the most modern and inviting space in the film is, ironically, the prison. Yet, because the film is a musical, there is always an element of inherent fantasy and theatricality, even though only a few songs from the original play are part of the film (these include “Cannon Song” sung by Mackie and Tiger-Brown and “Die Moritat vom Mackie Messer,” which introduces the main character and was made famous in the States when Bobby Darin, among many others, covered it as “Mack the Knife”). In this sense, The Threepenny Opera is constantly operating in various interstitial spaces--between realism and fantasy, between the theatrical and the cinematic, and, most importantly, between parody and social commentary. Brecht's original play was rife with his alienating effects, including the self-conscious use of direct narration and a patently ridiculous deus ex machina ending that was meant to satirize the need for a “happily ever after.” The film maintains some of these (for example, there is a narrator whose address breaks the film into three parts), but Pabst tones down the more directly confrontational nature of the Brechtian approach and instead focuses on the idea of social commentary, particularly regarding corruption. This is seen most clearly in Tiger-Brown's willingness to turn a blind eye to Mackie's criminal activities, but it is probably sharpest in the film's most amusing scene, which depicts Peachum licensing the beggars and then outfitting them with clothes and feigned maladies that are guaranteed to separate sympathetic people from their money. Because of its timeless themes and innovative musical-comedy approach to social issues (which is now nothing short of a given in contemporary theater), The Threepenny Opera has aged exceedingly well. Aspects of the film that were criticized when it first came out (for example, the anachronistic quality of the German production's version of what 18th-century London looked like) seem almost beside the point. The humor is still funny, the satire still bites, and the tunes are still infinitely humable. We should be thankful that the Nazis, who decided that its social satire hit a little too close to home in 1933 and tried to have every print of it destroyed, failed in their efforts. |The Threepenny Opera Criterion Collection Two-Disc DVD Set| |Audio||German Dolby Digital 1.0 Monaural| |Distributor||The Criterion Collection| |Release Date||September 18, 2007| |VIDEO & AUDIO| |The Threepenny Opera recently underwent restoration by the Bundesarchiv in Berlin, and Criterion's beautiful new high-definition transfer was taken from a 35mm restoration negative. Like Criterion's reissue of Fritz Lang's M, which was made around the same time, the film is presented in its original 1.19:1 aspect ratio (resulting from early sound processes that took up some of the visual real estate on a 1.33:1 negative), so the image is slightly pillarboxed (thankfully, this means that the image is not also pictureboxed, which Criterion has been doing with all its Academy aspect ratio films in recent years). The image is sharp and clear, especially after having undergone additional digital restoration. There are some inherent signs of age--a few missing frames, here and there, for example--but given the fact that this film is more than 75 years old, the image looks beautiful. The monaural soundtrack, which was transferred at 24-bit from the restored soundtrack negative, sounds excellent for its age. There is some slight ambient hiss, but all significant aural artifacts have been cleaned up.| |Given The Threepenny Opera's tangled production history as both a stage musical and a film, Criterion has put together an outstanding array of in-depth supplements that help establish the context in which it was made and the fascinating personalities responsible for making it. On the first disc we get an excellent, informative audio commentary by Harvard University professor Eric Rentschler, author of The Films of G.W. Pabst, and Cornell University professor David Bathrick, author of The Dialectic and the Early Brecht. Given the commentators' heady academic qualifications, it's not surprising that the track is a deeply intellectual affair, although it also has a nice flow and interaction because they recorded it together. The second disc opens with L'opera de quat'sous (1931), Pabst's French-language version of the film, which he shot simultaneously with the German version on the same sets using different actors (although most of the extras with nonspeaking roles are the same). Many films in the early sound era were shot in multiple language versions, and Criterion does us a real service by including both versions. The transfer for L'opera de quat'sous is terrible when compared to the transfer of The Threepenny Opera--soft, damaged, and improperly framed in the 1.33:1 aspect ratio--but at least we have it available. After watching both versions, you can then watch an 18-minute multimedia presentation by Charles O'Brien, professor of film studies at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, on the differences between the films, which highlights in particular how Pabst altered performances, lighting, and staging to better address his intended audience (Germans liked their films darker and more serious than the French). The real meat of the film's production controversies can be found in Brecht vs. Pabst: The Transformation of The Threepenny Opera, a new 48-minute documentary that traces in detail the story's journey from its roots as an 18th-century operetta, to a hit stage musical in the 1920s, to Pabst's film version, with particular attention paid to the fascinating and confounding personality of Bertolt Brecht. It features new interviews with Brecht scholar and translator Eric Bentley, G.W. Pabst scholar Jan-Christopher Horak, Kurt Weill Foundation director Kim Kowalke, and Pabst's son, Michael Pabst. From the archives we get a short introduction to the film by stars Fritz Rasp and Ernst Busch that was shot for its East German re-release in 1956, as well as an 18-minute interview with Rasp from 1972. There are also some extensive stills galleries of production photos by Hans Casparius and production sketches by art director Andre Andrejew.| Copyright ©2007 James Kendrick Thoughts? E-mail James Kendrick All images copyright © The Criterion Collection

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Already a Bloomberg.com user? Sign in with the same account. Wal-Mart Stores Inc The fire that killed more than 100 people at a Bangladesh factory which made clothes for retailers such as Wal-Mart Stores Inc. (WMT) was an act of sabotage, according to the government panel investigating the blaze. There was no possibility last month’s fire at Tazreen Fashion Ltd.’s factory was caused by an electrical short-circuit and witness statements suggest sabotage, Mainuddin Khandaker, the panel’s chief, said by phone yesterday, without saying who could have been responsible. He blamed the factory owner for “gross negligence” as poor safety standards made it harder for workers to escape. The Nov. 24 fire, the country’s deadliest at a garment plant, renewed pressure on local companies and international retailers sourcing cheap clothes from Bangladesh to improve labor conditions. More than 700 garment workers have died since 2005 in Bangladesh, according to the International Labor Rights Forum, a Washington-based advocacy group. The government panel’s investigation believes the incident was the result of sabotage because it did not find any electricity connection or appliance in the area where the fire originated, Khandaker said. “The fire originated from the warehouse on the ground floor,” he said. The findings of the report are “conflicting,” Mushrefa Mishu, president of the Garment Workers Unity Forum union, said in a phone interview today. “I don’t think it was sabotage,” she said. “Calling it an act of sabotage, the government is indicating some workers are responsible for the fire, so that they can be harassed.” The factory had no emergency exits, and many workers were burned alive, as they got trapped in heavy smoke, Muhammad Mahboob, a director at the Fire Service and Civil Defence said after the fire. Delowar Hossain, managing director of Tazreen Fashion owner Tuba Group, didn’t answer two calls to his mobile phone today. Fifty percent of the Bangladesh’s garment factories don’t meet required work safety standards and those that have improved working conditions have done so under pressure from Western apparel makers, Kalpona Akter, executive director of the Bangladesh Center for Worker Solidarity, a non-governmental organization, said in an interview last month. Wal-Mart, the world’s largest retailer, has said it fired a supplier that made apparel at the factory without its authorization. Bangladesh’s labor law requires safety measures such as fire extinguishers and easily accessible exits at factories. The global garment industry would have to spend about $3 billion over five years to bring safety standards at Bangladesh apparel factories to Western standards, according to an analysis provided by the Worker Rights Consortium. The $3 billion figure, or $600 million per year, represents about 3 percent of the $19 billion the Bangladesh Manufacturers & Exporters Association says Western companies spend annually on manufacturing in Bangladesh. To contact the reporter on this story: Arun Devnath in Dhaka at email@example.com To contact the editors responsible for this story: Robin Ajello at firstname.lastname@example.org; Stephanie Wong at email@example.com

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Already a Bloomberg.com user? Sign in with the same account. Efforts to extend health insurance to more Americans have been stalled in recent years between liberals' insistence on more government spending and conservatives' advocacy of private-sector approaches. Now Massachusetts may have broken the gridlock with an innovative bipartisan plan designed to achieve nearly universal coverage. The bill, approved by the heavily Democratic Massachusetts legislature on Apr. 4, marries conservative and liberal ideas. For the first time ever in the U.S., all state residents would be required to have health insurance -- dubbed an individual mandate. Gov. Mitt Romney, a moderate Republican expected to run for the White House in 2008, champions this as a conservative victory that leads residents to take responsibility for their own health insurance. He says he plans to sign the bill soon, although he may first try to change some smaller provisions. HEAVILY SUBSIDIZED. The legislation also includes such liberal measures as huge government subsidies to help low-income individuals buy insurance. What's more, all companies with 11 or more workers are required to help pay for health insurance -- a so-called employer mandate. "This is an historic precedent that creates a partnership involving the public and private sector, as well as employers and individuals," says Ron Pollack, executive director of Families USA, which represents health care consumers. Pollack and other experts predict the bill will have an impact on the health-care debate far beyond Boston. Romney says he has already encouraged a number of governors to study the bill, and he's expected to make the Massachusetts plan the cornerstone of his Presidential bid, much as President Bush touted his education achievements in Texas during his first run for the White House. "The eyes of the nation are on us," adds Senate President Robert Travaglini, a liberal Democrat who normally opposes Romney. "We led the way with same-sex marriage, and now we are doing it with health care reform." (See BW, 11/28/05, "The Health-Care Crisis: States Are Rushing In") The bill aims to cover 95% of the state's 500,000 uninsured within three years. To do that, Romney and the legislature split them into three categories. One group is comprised of nearly 100,000 poor people who qualify for Medicaid but haven't yet signed up. Covering them will cost about $225 million a year, although the federal government will pick up half the tab. The second group, numbering around 200,000, are low-income families and individuals who don't qualify for Medicaid but are too poor to buy health insurance on their own. Nationally, this is the core of the uninsured, since more than 70% of the 45 million uninsured Americans have family incomes under $50,000, according to Families USA. Massachusetts plans to cover these people with big subsidies. Those earning up to 100% of the federal poverty level would get what amounts to a free ride -- they wouldn't have to pay any premiums or any deductibles. Those making between 100% and 300% of the poverty level would pay part of their premiums, based on a sliding scale. PENALTIES AS MOTIVATION. That leaves another 200,000 or so uninsured higher-income individuals who are the prime target of the individual mandate. Massachusetts is taking a carrot-and-stick approach. The carrot: a series of insurance-market reforms to make it easier and cheaper to buy insurance. For starters, the state will create a "health insurance connector," an innovation "that will allow individuals and small businesses to buy insurance as if they were a large company," says Dr. Marylou Buyse, president of the Massachusetts Association of Health Plans. The stick: Beginning in 2008, individuals who don't have insurance will be subject to a penalty equal to half the cost of health insurance. Last year, coverage for an individual ran about $4,000 a year, and nearly $11,000 for a family, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation. "That's a significant penalty," says John McDonough, executive director of Healthcare for All, a consumer advocacy group. Advocates defend the approach, saying it's similar to requiring drivers to buy auto insurance. But it's still untested, and many Americans may resist being told to pay out for something at least some now choose to go without. Another issue is how much Massachusetts would have to spend under the new law. Subsidies for low-income residents would total about $720 million a year, figures Massachusetts Secretary of Health Tim Murphy. But the law would tap into the large pot of dough his state has set aside to pay for the costs hospitals and other providers bear when the uninsured get free care at emergency rooms and elsewhere. Most other states don't have such available funds. The $720 million is also a lot less, proportionately, than the amount other states would have to cough up. About 25% of Texas residents are uninsured, for example, roughly twice the rate in Massachusetts. STICKY POINTS. The employer mandate, while low, is another potentially controversial issue. The bill would require companies with 11 or more employees that don't provide health insurance to pay up to $295 a year per worker. Still, "there's strong support in the business community for this measure," says Michael Widmer, president of the Massachusetts Taxpayer Foundation. "This equalizes the burden between companies who don't provide health care and those who do." How all this works in practice will also hinge on how affordable health insurance becomes. Murphy, who helped Romney design the individual mandate, predicts reforms authorized by the law -- including higher deductibles and cost-efficient provider networks -- could cut premiums in half, to $200 a month for individuals and $500 a month for families. But others are skeptical. "There's an awful lot that still has to be worked out, but I wouldn't hold my breath" that costs will fall that far," cautions Healthcare for All's McDonough. Still, analysts believe this bill will vault Massachusetts ahead of all other states in providing health insurance to its citizens. And it will surely reinvigorate the ongoing national debate.

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If the print dialog box does not automatically appear, open the file menu and choose Print. Article published February 13, 2013 Police part of nuisance I live in Meridian and make several trips a week to Butler, usually going out to Route 356 by Lifesteps and then turning right. After passing through the stoplight at Moraine Pointe Plaza, those who stay in the left lane to turn, I’m sure, have occasionally noticed cars in front of them turning into the Sheetz parking lot, crossing over solid lines on the road, wasting the green light for motorists who are waiting behind them. I refreshed my memory with a look at the drivers’ manual for Pennsylvania on the website, just to be sure. As far as I could find, it’s illegal to cross or turn where there’s not a broken line painted on the road. I drive through the area in question often enough that I’ve developed a habit of giving the offender a prolonged “horn salute.” The other day, however, I wasn’t sure what to do. The car making the turn, holding up those of us trying to get to the light, was a state police cruiser. I understand that the police do have special permission to ignore some traffic rules when responding to emergencies. But this was around noon. Maybe the donuts at Sheetz were getting stale? Sorry, bad joke, but really? I realize it’s not like these are rogue cops. I was just very discouraged to see that.

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Name a Star after someone special with this unique gift idea - Includes free first class delivery! Available for UK delivery only. This item will be delivered by First Class Royal Mail. Estimated delivery time is 5 working days. An exact delivery date cannot be guaranteed. Name a Star (Unframed) out of 5 Rating Snapshot (2 reviews) 2 out of 2(100%)customers would recommend this product to a friend. 2Astronomers divided the sky into areas, as perceived from earth, so as to create a consistent spherical map, rather like the markings on a football. In this way, 88 areas or constellations were formed. Only a handful of stars bear names, arising from Arabic, Greek and Roman mythology. The vast majority of stars are referred to only by their astronomical co-ordinates or catalogue numbers, they are unnamed and there are millions and millions of them. So why not name one after someone special?

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Women's status can be measured by a culture's knowledge of and respect for women's history. Women currently comprise 2% of U.S. history books. Alice Paul founded the National Woman's Party and authored the ERA. The NWP's campaign for women's citizenship rights is captured in the film: Iron Jawed Angels. Alice Paul and some of her many NWP activists, our foresisters, are pictured and celebrated here. We should remember the women who fought so very hard for us.

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Credit: Popular Science Daraio Awarded Sloan Fellowship Caltech's Chiara Daraio is among this year's crop of Sloan Research Fellows. Daraio, who this year was promoted from assistant to full professor of aeronautics and applied physics, is one of 118 faculty from across the country to receive the two-year, $50,000 fellowship, given to early-career scientists and scholars in recognition of achievement and the potential to contribute substantially to their fields. "It's a great honor for me to receive a Sloan Research Fellowship, a very competitive award," says Daraio, whose research focuses on the design and testing of new materials with "unprecedented" mechanical properties. "We design new materials by assembling fundamental building blocks that interact nonlinearly, and we can choose these nonlinear interactions by controlling, for example, the shape and material properties of the building blocks. The materials we design can have several practical applications, from acoustic imaging to shock absorption." "I am particularly pleased because the fellowship is awarded primarily in the basic sciences—physics, in my case—and this means that our research is being recognized also for its contribution to the basic sciences, beyond its engineering origins," says Daraio. Her group will use the funds to support a new research area related to the study of strongly nonlinear mechanical phenomena at micro- and nanoscales. Presented annually since 1955 by the Sloan Foundation, the fellowships are awarded in chemistry, computer science, economics, mathematics, evolutionary and computational molecular biology, neuroscience, and physics. Potential fellows must be nominated by their peers and are subsequently selected by an independent panel of senior scholars. Once named, Sloan Research Fellows are free to pursue whatever research most interests them, and they can use their fellowship funds in a wide variety of ways. Thirty-eight Sloan Research Fellows have gone on to win the Nobel Prize in their fields. Written by Kathy Svitil

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- Publication date:February 2009 - Dimensions: 246 x 189 mm - Weight: 0.9kg - Replaced by9780521172967 This is the first textbook that integrates both general and specific topics, theoretical background and biomedical engineering applications, as well as analytical and numerical approaches. This quantitative approach integrates the classical concepts of mechanics and computational modelling techniques, in a logical progression through a wide range of fundamental biomechanics principles. Online MATLAB-based software along with examples and problems using biomedical applications will motivate undergraduate biomedical engineering students to practice and test their skills. The book covers topics such as kinematics, equilibrium, stresses and strains, and also focuses on large deformations and rotations and non-linear constitutive equations, including visco-elastic behaviour and the behaviour of long slender fibre-like structures. This is the definitive textbook for students.

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Heat wave tipped to continue The main pool at Big Splash in Macquarie was full on Saturday. Photo: Graham Tidy CANBERRANS sweltered through the capital's hottest day since 2009 on Saturday as temperatures broke through the 40 degree mark. The capital reached a withering 40.1 degrees shortly before 5pm, smashing the predicted 37 degrees, according to meteorologist Rebecca Kamitakahara. "We'd have to go back to 2009 [to see these temperatures]," she said. Under the Sea sand scuplture exhibition A sand sculpture entitled "Poseidon" carved by Martijn Rijerse and Hanneke Supply. Photo: Getty Images Ms Kamitakahara said the hot conditions were produced by a large pool of hot air above most of southern Australia, with hot and dry air being pulled down from the interior of the country. The outlook is set to remain warm over the coming days, with tops of 37 before rising to 38 on Tuesday. "To Friday, it's not dropping below 30 degrees," Ms Kamitakahara said. Temperatures also soared across the border with Young peaking at 39.9 degrees while Wagga Wagga reached a searing 42.6 degrees. The weather peaked in Canberra at a touch over 40 degrees. The Riverina town recorded no hospital admissions for heat-related injuries and is expected to reach temperatures as high as 43 degrees on Sunday. The fire danger rating for Canberra and its surrounding regions remains very high, with conditions expected to worsen in the coming days. People should use the time to prepare for the intensified fire conditions expected on Tuesday, NSW Rural Fire Service spokesman Inspector Ben Shepherd said. "There is a possibility we will see extreme, if not severe, fire danger in some areas," he said. "People need to use this time to ensure they are prepared." People are also urged to stay hydrated and limit physical activity as the forecasts remain high, as well as keep tabs on elderly friends and neighbours. But there was no limiting physical activity at the Big Splash Waterpark, which officially opened its new $1.5 million set of slides in Macquarie on Saturday. With the slides now cleared by the ACT Government after a seven-week delay, Big Splash owner Ron Watkins is predicting a boost in business. "People are thoroughly enjoying it," he said. "The new rides have had a wonderful impact." Mr Watkins was expecting up to 2000 people though the doors on Saturday as word spread about the second-hand slides, shipped down from Queensland's Wet 'n' Wild attraction. While a top of 37 degrees is predicted for the capital on Sunday, the Bureau of Meteorology also issued a severe thunderstorm warning overnight for Tuggeranong, South Canberra, Weston Creek, Woden Valley and Hume.

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What is bone cancer? Bone is the framework that supports the body. Most bones are hollow. Bone marrow is the soft tissue inside hollow bones. The main substance of bone is made up of a network of fibrous tissue onto which calcium salts are laid down. This makes the bone very hard and strong. At each end of the bone is a softer bone-like tissue called cartilage that acts as a cushion between bones. The outside of the bone is covered with a layer of fibrous tissue. The bone itself contains 2 kinds of cells. Osteoblasts are cells that form the bone. Osteoclasts are cells that dissolve bone. Although we think that bone does not change, the truth is that it is very active. New bone is always forming and old bone dissolving. The marrow of some bones is only fatty tissue. In other bones the marrow is a mixture of fat cells and the cells that make blood cells. These blood-forming cells make red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Types of bone tumors Most of the time when someone is told they have cancer in their bones, the doctor is talking about a cancer that started somewhere else and then spread to the bone. This is called metastatic cancer (not bone cancer). This can happen to people with many different types of advanced cancer, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and many others. Under a microscope, theses cancer cells in the bone look like the cancer cells that they came from. If someone has lung cancer that has spread to the bone, the cells there will look and act like lung cancer cells and they will be treated the same way. To learn more about cancer that has spread to bone, please see the American Cancer Society document Bone Metastasis, as well as the document on the place where the cancer started (Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer (Non-Small Cell), Prostate Cancer, etc.). Other kinds of cancers that are sometimes called “bone cancers” start in the bone marrow – in the blood-forming cells – not the bone itself. These are not true bone cancers. The most common of these is multiple myeloma. Certain lymphomas (which more often start in lymph nodes) and all leukemias start in bone marrow. To learn more about these cancers, refer to the document for each. A primary bone tumor starts in the bone itself. True (or primary) bone cancers are called sarcomas. A sarcoma is a cancer that starts in bone, muscle, tendons, ligaments, fat tissue, or some other tissues in the body. There are different types of bone tumors. Their names are based on the bone or tissue that is involved and the kind of cells that make up the tumor. Some are cancer (malignant). Others are not cancer (benign). Most bone cancers are called sarcomas. Benign bone tumors do not spread to other tissues and organs. They can usually be cured by surgery. The information here does not cover benign bone tumors. Bone tumors that are cancer (malignant) Osteosarcoma: Osteosarcoma (also called osteogenic sarcoma) is the most common true bone cancer. It is most common in young people between the ages of 10 and 30. But about 10% of cases are people in their 60s and 70s. This cancer is rare during middle age. More males than females get this cancer. These tumors start most often in bones of the arms, legs, or pelvis. This type of bone cancer is not discussed in this document, but is covered in detail in our document, Osteosarcoma. Chondrosarcoma: This is cancer of the cartilage cells. Cartilage is a softer form of bone-like tissue. Chondrosarcoma is the second most common true bone cancer. It is rare in people younger than 20. After age 20, the risk of this cancer keeps on rising until about age 75. Women get this cancer as often as men. Chondrosarcomas can develop in any place where there is cartilage. It most often starts in cartilage of the pelvis, leg, or arm, but it can start in many other places, too. Chondrosarcomas are given a grade, which measures how fast they grow. The lower the grade, the slower the cancer grows. When cancer grows slowly, the chance that it will spread is lower and the outlook is better. There are also some special types of chondrosarcoma that respond differently to treatment and have a different outlook for the patient. These special types look different when seen under a microscope. Ewing tumor: This cancer is also called Ewing sarcoma. It is named after Dr. James Ewing, the doctor who first described it in 1921. It is the third most common bone cancer. Most Ewing tumors start in bones, but they can start in other tissues and organs. This cancer is most common in children and teenagers. It is rare in adults older than 30. This type of bone cancer is not discussed in this document, but is covered in detail in our document, Ewing Family of Tumors. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH): This cancer more often starts in the soft tissues around bones (such as ligaments, tendons, fat, and muscle) rather than in the bone itself. If it starts in the bones, it most often affects the legs or arms. It usually occurs in older and middle-aged adults. MFH mostly tends to grow into nearby tissues, but it can spread to distant sites, like the lungs. (Another name for this cancer is pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma.) Fibrosarcoma: This is another type of cancer that starts more often in “soft tissues” than it does in the bones. Fibrosarcoma usually occurs in older and middle-aged adults. Leg, arm, and jaw bones are most often affected. Giant cell tumor of bone: This type of bone tumor has both benign (not cancer) and malignant forms. The benign form is most common. These don’t often spread to distant sites, but after surgery they tend to come back where they started. Each time they come back after surgery they are more likely to spread to other parts of the body. These tumors often affect the arm or leg bones of young and middle-aged adults. Chordoma: This tumor usually occurs in the base of the skull and bones of the spine. It is found most often in adults older than 30. It is about twice as common in men than in women. Chordomas tend to grow slowly and usually do not spread to other parts of the body. But they often come back in the same place if they are not removed completely. When they do spread, they tend to go to the lymph nodes, lungs, and liver. Last Medical Review: 12/05/2012 Last Revised: 01/24/2013

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Q: Help! Our one year old dog doesn’t seem to have any respect for us. He’s been to obedience class but he seldom obeys our commands. He’s always grabbing our hands or head butting us when he wants something. He’s become very demanding. He never seems to get enough attention even though we give him attention all the time. He even body slams us out of the way at the door so he can get outside first. He’s a very loving dog but we need to get him under control. He’s too big to be telling us what to do! A: You’re absolutely right! It sounds like your dog has a dominance problem and is on his way toward becoming the leader of your family – his pack. He has also reached the age of adolescence where, similar to a teenaged child, he’s testing your limits. Now is an ideal time to nip these problems in the bud. A dog’s social system has a pecking order. The leader of the pack is the “alpha.” He (or she) gets the best of everything – the best food, the best place to sleep, the best toy, etc. The alpha also gets to be first in everything – he gets to eat first, to leave first and to get attention first. All the other dogs in the pack respect the alpha dog’s wishes. An alpha dog doesn’t ask for what he wants, he demands it. He lets you know in no uncertain terms that he wants his dinner, that he wants to go out, that he wants to play or be petted and that he wants these things right now. Your family is your dog’s pack.Most dogs fit easily into the lower levels of their human pack’s pecking order and don’t make trouble. They do what they’re told and don’t challenge authority. Other dogs don’t fit in quite as well. Some are natural leaders, others are social climbers always looking for ways to get a little closer to the top of the family ladder. These dogs can become problems to an unsuspecting family that’s not aware of their natural pack instincts. Some families unknowingly encourage their dogs to take over the pack. They treat their dogs as equals, not as subordinates. They give them special privileges like being allowed to sleep on the bed or couch. They let them get away with disobeying commands. In a real dog pack, only the alpha dog would get this kind of treatment. Dogs need – and want – leaders. They have an instinctive need to fit into a pack. They want the security of knowing their place and what’s expected of them. Most of them don’t want to be alpha – they want someone else to give orders and make decisions. But if his humans don’t provide that leadership, the dog will take over the role himself. To reclaim your family’s rightful place as leaders of the pack, your dog needs to learn how to be a subordinate, not an equal. He knew this once, as a baby puppy, because his mother taught him. She showed him very early in life that she was alpha and that he had to respect her. It’s time to refresh his memory! Before you can remove your dog from his alpha position, you must become alpha and earn his respect. Alpha is an attitude. It involves confidence, dignity, intelligence, an air of authority. A dog can sense this attitude almost immediately – it’s how his mother acted toward him. Watch a good trainer or obedience instructor. They stand tall and use their voices and eyes to project the idea that they’re capable of getting what they want. They’re gentle but firm, loving but tough, all at the same time. Most dogs are immediately submissive towards this type of personality because they recognize and respect alpha when they see it. Stand up straight with your shoulders back. Walk tall. Practice using a new tone of voice, one that’s deep and firm. Don’t ask your dog to do something – tell him. There’s a difference and he knows it! As alpha, you’re entitled to make the rules and give the orders. Your dog understands that instinctively. Since your dog has been used to getting what he wants on demand, it’s likely to take more than just a change in your attitude to make him mind better. He’s been getting a free ride for a long time but you’re going to teach him that from now on, he has to earn what he gets. This will be a shock to his system at first but you’ll be surprised how quickly he’ll catch on and that he’ll actually become eager to please you. Your dog already knows the command SIT. Now, every time your dog wants something – his dinner, a trip outside, a walk, some attention, anything – tell him (remember don’t ask him, tell him) to sit first. When he does, praise him with a “Good Boy!” then tell him OKAY and give him whatever it is he wants as a reward. If he refuses to sit, walk away and ignore him. No sit, no reward. If you don’t think he understands the command, work on his training some more. If he just doesn’t want to obey, ignore him – don’t give him what he wants or reward him in any fashion. Make him sit before giving him his dinner, make him sit at the door before going outside, make him sit in front of you to be petted, make him sit before giving him his toy. If you normally leave food out for him all the time, stop. Go to a twice daily feeding and you decide what time of day he’ll be fed. Make him sit for his dinner. If he won’t obey the command – no dinner. Walk away and ignore him. Bring the food out later and tell him again to sit. If he understands the command, don’t tell him more than once. He heard you the first time. Give commands from a standing position and use a deep, firm tone of voice. To keep him from body-slamming you at the doorway, put a leash on him. Make him sit and wait while you open the door and give him permission – OKAY! – to go out. Alpha dogs are used to being fussed over. In a real dog pack, subordinate dogs are forever touching, licking and grooming the alpha dog. It’s a show of respect and submission. Until your dog’s attitude has improved, cut down on the amount of cuddling he gets. When he wants attention, make him sit first, give him a few kind words and pats, then stop. Go back to whatever you were doing and ignore him. If he pesters you, tell him NO! in a firm voice and ignore him some more. Pet him when you want to, not just because he wants you to. Also, don’t get down on the floor or on your knees to pet your dog. That, too, is a show of submission. Give praise, petting and rewards from a position that’s higher than the dog. Don’t allow wrestling or rough-housing with your dog. These games encourage dogs to dominate people physically. In a dog pack or in a litter, these games are more than just playing – they help to establish pack order based on physical strength. Your dog is already stronger and quicker than you are. Rough, physical games prove that to him. Where does your dog sleep? Not in your bedroom and especially not on your bed! Your bedroom is a special place – it’s your den. An alpha dog thinks he has a right to sleep in your den because he considers himself your equal. Until your dog’s alpha problems are fully under control, the bedroom should be off-limits. The same goes for sleeping on furniture. If you can’t keep him off the couch without a fight, deny him access to the room. If your alpha program is successful, your dog should start looking to you for directions and permission. He’ll show an eagerness to please. Watch how your dog approaches and greets you. Does he come to you “standing tall,” with his head and ears held high and erect? It may look impressive and proud but it means he’s still alpha and you still have problems! A dog that accepts humans as superiors will approach you with his head slightly lowered and his ears back or off to the sides. He’ll “shrink” his whole body a little in a show of submission. Watch how he greets all the members of the family. If he displays this submissive posture to some of them, but not others, those are the ones who need to work harder on their own alpha techniques. Once your dog has begun to accept this new way of life and his new position in the family, you should take him through another obedience course with a qualified trainer. Obedience training is a lifelong process. Obedience commands need to be practiced and incorporated into your daily life. In a dog pack, the alpha animal uses occasional reminders to reinforce his authority. Certain commands, like DOWN/STAY, are especially effective reminders of a dog’s place in the family pack order and who’s really in charge here. A well-trained dog that’s secure in his place within the family pack is comfortable and confident. He knows what’s expected of him. He knows his limits and who his leaders are. He’s free to be your loving companion and not your boss! This page is a part of the Dog Owner's Guide internet website and is copyright 2012 by Canis Major Publications. You may print or download this material for non-commercial personal or school educational use. All other rights reserved. If you, your organization or business would like to reprint our articles in a newsletter or distribute them free of charge as an educational handout please see our reprint policy. |Related articles||Related books| |Have you seen the rest of the Dog Owner's Guide articles on Canine behavior, Ask the dog trainer and Manners & training? Don't miss the rest of our articles. Training, health, nutrition and more. . . .||Looking for more information about Who’s in charge here, anyway?, Canine behavior, Ask the dog trainer and Manners & training? See our list below, visit amazon.com or Dogwise, All Things Dog for those hard-to-find dog books!| |Dog Owner's Guide Related Articles| This is article 14 of 22 in the Canine behavior topic. Next Article: This dog is driving me crazy! : Great expectations run amok Previous Article: Firmness works for dogs, too!: "But how can I say 'no' to him, he's just so cute? Table of contents for "Canine behavior" only: This topic's table of contents This is article 16 of 24 in the Ask the dog trainer topic. Next Article: Qbedience Questions and Answers: Elementary, my dear doggie! Previous Article: Nail clipping can be easier: Proper training can reduce the stress Table of contents for "Ask the dog trainer" only: This topic's table of contents This is article 56 of 75 in the Manners & training topic. Next Article: Obedience training your dog: Teaching dog manners: How, why and where Previous Article: Puppy social skills: Puppies need social skills to become friendly guardians Table of contents for "Manners & training" only: This topic's table of contents Site Topic and article lists: Site topic list: Quick list of topics Site table of contents: All Dog Owner's Guide articles, listed by topic |Books of Interest| Wondering what dog books are selling at Amazon? Dog Owner's Guide, in association with AMAZON.COM, recommends these books for more information on . . . Although we don't have any books specifically about this article perhaps the following books will be of interest. There are no books for this topic.

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Tourism and travel Visit the new Tourism Website Cannock Chase "the green heart of Staffordshire" is perfectly placed. At its heart lie the majestic woodlands, valleys and heathlands of Cannock Chase, an internationally acclaimed Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. - Cannock Chase is the smallest mainland Area of Outstanding natural Beauty (AONB) in England and Wales at 68 sq km or 26 sq miles. - Along with its beautiful landscape, the Chase has important and unusual wildlife, including the Cannock Chase berry, Small Pearl Bordered Fritillary butterfly and a herd of wild Fallow Deer. Uncommon birds included the Nightjar and Woodlark. - Trees are an important part of the Chase and include Oaks in Brocton Coppice which are 600 years old to Birch and Pine woodlands great for walking and cycling. - There is a fascinating history to the Chase, where there was once mining, charcoal and glass making. - Extensive area of the Chase were used for military training and army encampments for World Wars I and II. - Over 1.5 million people visit the Chase every year to walk, cycle, picnic and enjoy the peace and quiet.

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Reading and Writing Courses The English department offers many courses to help you improve your reading and writing skills. For detailed information about individual courses, please click on the individual course links on the right. In these courses, you will learn to: - Compose effective, source-based paragraphs and essays that apply a variety of patterns of development - Analyze and evaluate explicit and implicit meanings of a wide variety of written and visual materials, including both fiction and nonfiction - Explain the basic principles of argumentation and apply them in paragraphs and essays

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The life of a college student is awesome. But it's also expensive. Every year you spend at college costs money. If saving money is important, look for a college that fits you well and provides the support you need to finish your degree on-time. It's okay to change majors, repeat a class to improve your grade, or take some extra classes that interest you. But it's going to cost you. Ask colleges what support they offer to help you plot a course to graduating on time. Can't make it to the campus? This college has remote classroom options. This college has programs to study and gain cultural experiences in countries around the world. This college offers weekend classes. This college offers teacher certification. Get leadership training and money for tuition. Develop valuable leadership skills and earn scholarships that cover tuition, books and extra expenses. Graduates in 2009/2010 academic year. |Biological and Biomedical Sciences||Associate||Bachelor| |Biology/Biological Sciences, General||-||23| |Business, Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services||Associate||Bachelor| |Business Administration and Management, General||3||104| |Executive Assistant/Executive Secretary||31||-| |Marketing/Marketing Management, General||-||-| |Computer and Information Sciences and Support Services||Associate||Bachelor| |Computer and Information Sciences, General||19||24| |Web Page, Digital/Multimedia and Information Resources Design||1||-| |Biology Teacher Education||-||1| |Chemistry Teacher Education||-||1| |Early Childhood Education and Teaching||4||57| |English/Language Arts Teacher Education||-||5| |History Teacher Education||-||4| |Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching||-||8| |Mathematics Teacher Education||-||1| |Music Teacher Education||-||2| |Spanish Language Teacher Education||-||1| |CAD/CADD Drafting and/or Design Technology/Technician||26||-| |English Language and Literature/Letters||Associate||Bachelor| |English Language and Literature, General||-||12| |Professional, Technical, Business, and Scientific Writing||-||9| |Foreign languages, literatures, and Linguistics||Associate||Bachelor| |Spanish Language and Literature||-||1| |Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences||Associate||Bachelor| |Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse Training (LPN, LVN, Cert||-||-| |Nursing/Registered Nurse (RN, ASN, BSN, MSN)||75||23| |Radiologic Technology/Science - Radiographer||19||19| |Legal Professions and Studies||Associate||Bachelor| |Liberal Arts and Sciences, General Studies and Humanities||Associate||Bachelor| |Liberal Arts and Sciences/Liberal Studies||80||1| |Mathematics and Statistics||Associate||Bachelor| |Mechanic and Repair Technologies/Technicians||Associate||Bachelor| |Automobile/Automotive Mechanics Technology/Technician||-||-| |Computer Installation and Repair Technology/Technician||-||-| |Electrical/Electronics Equipment Installation and Repair, General||19||-| |Industrial Electronics Technology/Technician||-||-| |Multi-/Interdisciplinary Studies, Other||22||30| |Security and Protective Services||Associate||Bachelor| |Criminal Justice/Law Enforcement Administration||2||13| |Forensic Science and Technology||-||-| |Visual and Performing Arts||Associate||Bachelor| |Art/Art Studies, General||-||-| |Drama and Dramatics/Theatre Arts, General||-||1|

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Biomass plants generate electricity by burning what otherwise would be waste: brushy undergrowth that's been cleared from forests. The U.S. Forest Service estimates that on California national forest lands alone, there are easily 500,000 acres per year that should be thinned to reduce the risk of catastrophic wildfire. But to Tom Christoff of the Placer County Air Pollution Control District it's not only about reducing forest fires and producing electricity. He says by burning this waste in controlled emission plant, instead of in smoky piles in the forest: CHRISTOFF: "The benefits are huge, on the order of 95 percent reduction on particulate matter, 60 to 70 percent reduction on nitrous oxides, and considerable percentrage on carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds." Christoff says independent studies showed this would lead to demonstrable health benefits. That's one of the many reasons Placer County is planning to build a 2 megawatt biomass plant on county-owned land just outside Truckee. Transportation cost is a complicating factor. It's much cheaper to burn the biomass in a pile in the forest than to truck it to a facility, says Kerri Timmer, who works for the state's Sierra Nevada Conservancy. TIMMER: "And there's at this point no guarantee for what price will be paid for the power that's generated using the material. So it's hard to get all of these commitments lined up to a point where an investor would feel comfortable in putting a lot of money into this up front." But recent legislation should help. A bill passed this year requires California's three biggest energy producers to purchase 50 megawatts of energy generated from forest biomass power plants. That's about enough electricity to power 50,000 homes.

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Your first step is to find out exactly where your stand, and exactly what information prospective creditors will have available to them. You must contact all three of the major credit reporting bureaus. Their business is to collect information on as many people as possible, so, unless you are very young, or have totally avoided credit, you are probably already in their databases. Also, you may or may not be in one or more negative-information-only databases. Additionally, there are other database/marketing companies that probably hold information on you which may affect your credit standing. The Major Credit Bureaus Experian (Formerly TRW) Guide To Credit Reports Checking Account Information Bureaus ChexSystems And Deluxe National Information Services - FIS (Formerly eFunds, formerly National Check Protection Services - NCPS) Tenant Information Bureaus Verification Service - Serves both US and Canada.

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The transportation sector is responsible for an enormous amount of pollution, from fuel extraction and processing to greenhouse gas emissions and smog. Thankfully, old and new technologies alike can help us clean up our footprint as we get from here to there. Here are three options to consider. 1. Cargo Bike A cool trend in green transportation is the use of cargo bikes (sometimes called pedicabs), mainly in cities. The idea is that pedal power transports people or bins of cargo (see photo above) — meaning goods can be delivered and people can get around without the use of fuel. Some companies that operate locally are even delivering their goods with bike power. You can create your own cargo bike by hooking a small cart to the back of your bicycle. You can take your recycling to the recycling center or take trips to the store or farmers market and transport your goods home without relying on a vehicle. To learn much more about this trend, see Cargo Bikes and Pedicabs. 2. Commuter Bicycle To make your daily commute to work — or even your weekly commute around town to run errands — there are many great bike options. Biking is a win-win: You get great exercise, enjoy fresh air, and can feel great about using a green form of transportation. If you’ve thought about commuting by bike, but aren’t sure which bicycle is right for you, check out the tips in What the Right Bike Can Do for You. 3. Green Car If the distance between point A and point B is too great for a bicycle or walking — and mass transit isn’t an option — a car can be a necessity. There have been many great strides made in green car technology over the past decade, and your options (check out Best Green Cars for some of them) now extend far beyond the well-known Prius hybrid. New all-electric vehicles, such as the Nissan Leaf, are getting great expert and driver reviews. While the upfront cost of a hybrid or electric vehicle may be prohibitive, the car can pay for itself over time in fuel cost savings and maintenance cost savings (think no oil changes for an electric car!). Plus, you can take advantage of a $7,500 federal tax credit for the purchase of many green cars — and be sure to look into what state tax incentives may also be available in your area. You may have heard some common arguments against green cars. Probably the most common is that if an electric car runs on electricity generated by a coal-fired power plant, it isn’t actually cleaner than a regular gas car. The math has been crunched on this issue, and you can find the answers in the article Why Electric Cars Are Cleaner. There have also been some recent concerns about the safety of electric and hybrid cars; rumors on this issue were fueled by a Chevy Volt catching on fire. The green cars on the market today actually have excellent safety ratings, and you can read much more about this issue in The Truth About Electric Car Safety. If you do drive a gas-only car, you can still make driving it as clean as possible by hypermiling (using driving techniques that help you get better gas mileage). Learn how in Save Gas with Hypermiling. What are your favorite means of green transportation? Photo by Metro Pedal Power Read more: Conscious Consumer, Eco-friendly tips, Green, Technology, Transportation, bicycles, Bikes, care2 earth day, cargo bikes, cars, commuting, electric cars, green cars, green transportation, hybrid cars, hybrids, pedicabs, vehicles Disclaimer: The views expressed above are solely those of the author and may not reflect those of Care2, Inc., its employees or advertisers.

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404 Page Not Found WE HAVE LAUNCHED A NEW SITE We're sorry but the page or file you requested may not exist or may have moved. PSCUs open doors to many of the 13 million unemployed and 90 million underemployed Americans by providing a skills-based education. To remain competitive over the next decade, we must identify between 8 and 23 million new workers with postsecondary skills.PSCUs are a necessary part of that solution, having produced over 800,000 degrees last year alone.

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Common Career Technical Core The Common Career Technical Core (CCTC) is a state-led initiative to establish a set of rigorous, high-quality standards for Career Technical Education (CTE) that states can adopt voluntarily. The standards have been informed by state and industry standards and developed by a diverse group of teachers, business and industry experts, administrators and researchers. The initiative is being coordinated by the National Association of State Directors of Career Technical Education Consortium (NASDCTEc), which represents the state and territory heads of secondary, postsecondary and adult CTE across the nation. Forty-two states the District of Columbia and Palau participated in the development stage of the CCTC. The development of the CCTC was a multi-step process that incorporated input from approximately 3,500 individuals representing K-12 education, business and industry and higher education from across the nation. The process for developing the CCTC was informed by: • High-quality state and industry standards; • Input and guidance from educators, business and industry and state leaders; and • Feedback from the public. The CCTC includes a set of standards for each of the 16 Career Clusters™ and their corresponding Career Pathways that define what students should know and be able to do after completing instruction in a program of study. The CCTC also includes an overarching set of Career Ready Practices that apply to all programs of study. The Career Ready Practices include 12 statements that address the knowledge, skills and dispositions that are important to becoming career ready. In June, the NASDCTEc Board of Directors voted in full support and approved the CCTC that defines common expectations for CTE organized by the National Career Clusters™ Framework. Learn more about the CCTC or share information about the initiative with these resources: An online database of the CCTC standards provides an opportunity to create reports specific to the needs of the user. In addition, additional resources including performance elements and sample indicators for the CCTC standards are provided as a resource tool in the exploration and understanding of the standards. A public license has been created for the use of the CCTC standards and is available to review. Representatives from organizations across the nation have expressed support for the CCTC. Learn who they are and share their statements with others as you work to gain support of and raise awareness about the CCTC in your state. A summary of the process used to achieve the outcomes of the CCTC. Report highlights the steps used, the participation and recommendations for future revisions and engagements associated with the development of the CCTC. A summary of the process, methodology and approach used to update the 2008 Knowledge and Skills Statements and prepare for transition for use by the Common Career Technical Core Working Groups in the development of the CCTC. For additional information about the CCTC, contact email@example.com.

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Heat a room from the floor up Under-floor radiant heating involves underlaying the floor with a hot element or tubing that transfers heat into the room via infrared radiation and convection, making forced or blowing air unnecessary. According to the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Savers website, radiant heating "is more efficient than baseboard heating and usually more efficient than forced-air heating because no energy is lost through ducts." It is also flexible as it can run off electricity, gas, oil, wood, solar and other sources or combinations thereof can feed radiant systems. And radiant heating is a good choice for those with severe allergies as no potentially irritating particles get blown around the room. Several aspects of radiant heating make it more energy efficient. For starters, the uniform heat distribution over the entire surface of a floor heats the lower half of the room, enveloping inhabitants in warmth at a lower overall temperature — in some cases up to five degrees Fahrenheit cooler — than a conventional heating system. "Radiators and other forms of 'point' heating circulate heat inefficiently and hence need to run for longer periods to obtain comfort levels," reports the Residential Energy Services Network (RESNet). "They draw cold air across the floor and send warm air up to the ceiling, where it then falls, heating the room from the top down, creating drafts and circulating dust and allergens." RESNet adds that radiant systems transmit heat on average some 15 percent more efficiently than conventional radiators. The efficiency gains can be magnified significantly with good insulation and a well-designed system. While tearing out old heating systems and/or replacing decent existing flooring might be overkill for the sake of moving to radiant heat, you can certainly consider it if you are embarking on new building projects or contemplating major renovations. According to TLC Network's Green Living Guide, there are two main types of radiant heating, electric and hydronic. In the former, heated wires installed in the floor radiate heat upward. This type of radiant heat is most commonly used to retrofit a single room — especially a bathroom or kitchen — in an older house or building. Meanwhile, hydronic radiant heating, whereby heated water is forced through tubes under the floor, is more often designed into a new structure from the get-go and is more energy efficient overall. TLC points out that while radiant heat is definitely more efficient in smaller, snug homes with lower roofs, it might not always be the best solution in homes with bigger rooms: "In some scenarios it can be less energy efficient than forced-air heating." Contact a reputable heating contractor to see if radiant heating is a sensible way to go.

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As states try to stop drivers from operating vehicles without auto insurance, more of them are requiring proof of insurance at the time the owner applies for car registration. All states now require some form of car liability coverage and even the ones that don't require proof of auto insurance for registering a vehicle require it in other instances—like when pulled over for a traffic stop. Insurers all provide this type of documentation, but there are different methods for getting it. Before the era of the Internet, all companies handled this via mail and most companies will still send permanent and replacement cards via the postal service. Trade-In on a New Vehicle If you trade your car in for a new one, most states will allow you to use proof of insurance from the original vehicle as documentation for the new acquisition when doing your registration. This can be helpful if your insurance company sends new cards or proof of car insurance letters via regular mail. Most companies will allow you to change coverage from one vehicle to another over the phone and have coverage start immediately. So the only real delay is in getting the physical documents. If your state doesn't allow this you'll need to visit your agent (if you have one) in person or call the company to see what options you have. If you bought your insurance policy via the Internet they should have some method for getting your new documentation printed out. Adding an Another Vehicle When adding a vehicle, though, the process can be a bit more difficult. Some states will also honor your existing car insurance card as proof of car liability coverage on the new vehicle. For those whose states don't, though, you'll need something else to complete your car registration. If you do business with your insurance company via the Internet you can again turn to the system they have put in place to print your own proof of insurance card or proof of car insurance letter. This can save headaches by cutting down the delay for the physical card to arrive in the mail. Once more if you have an in-person agent you'll probably need to pay a visit. Registering Your First Vehicle The problem is compounded if you are trying to register your first vehicle. In those cases, you don't have an old proof of insurance card to use. So, calling in for coverage is generally out of the question if your state requires proof of insurance to do your car registration. In that instance you'll either need to sit down with an actual live representative or use the Internet to get your insurance coverage. If you go the "live person" route, they'll certainly provide you with either a card or proof of insurance letter on the spot. As mentioned in the previous paragraph, Internet-based policies will always provide some method of making the documentation available for you to print.

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you could try creating a mask (black and white image) concentrating on the pathways than the buildings. here's a quick photoshop test - GIMP will probably have similar things 1: fill background 2: draw out streets I used a brush to draw the biggest, then keep reducing the brush size for alleys ways etc. also used the circular marquee tool and then stroke white for the curved areas. with Photoshop CS2 and higher you can press shift when using a brush to create striaght lines. My example is pretty slap-dash resulting in acute angled walls , whitch while do occur in real life in buildings, might be too extreme. more care at this point for more square structures will make a better looking city similar to the example you have. You can also have a brush of a street, turn up the spacing for regular distanced streets - you'll need to adjust the angle as you go. 3: using 2, I turned it into a mask - putting it in the channels palette and so I could only select the black areas. created a new layer and filled grey. on that new layer used the layer FX bevel and drop shadow. 4:played with filter High pass and Adjust levels. it looks like that example uses photocopy or similar. I didnt spend long - about 30 minutes (working out a method, and typing this response inc) Obviously with more care you could get some L, H C shaped buildings. If you do use Photoshop, you can also create the foot print of buildings even faster by openeing up the square brushes, and brush options. turn up the spacing , the angle a bit and the size jitter. though with this you can only have rows and collumns of buildings. If you have Painter, I think you can probably do the curves streets with this method. I havent used it much but I know it does have a brush to orientate to the angle of stroke. Coral painter usually has free tryB4 you buys to downloads. You can also use Photoshop another way - rather than the square brush, make one detail, high res version of a building ( or half a dozen types) then turn it into a brush with size jitters and you can rotate it etc as mentioned above. your create a hi res version and so you can scale it as a brush without it pixelating and draw with it with spacing turned up. If you can shift click with this brush for a straight lines then you can create blocks pretty quickly. hope it helps. I didnt spend too much time on this, so Im sure there may be better ways. for example I'm already thinking - get the Roleplaying City Map Generator to help create the mask and go from there. or someone else might have a more simple approach still.

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Immaculate Conception Young girl of faith from Galilee: so human, so prone to motherhood, craving life, yearning Yahweh to see a world more softened. Marian Strategy Apostolic mission: the role of the Rosary prayer when pursuing holiness. And Now, a Word from Whose Sponsors? “Appropriate” is a word that has fallen out of use – and application. Advertisers and television networks ought to exercise a little judgment about what is proper to show. The Vocation of Mary This is a festival of the mother of God whose skin is brown, red, and yellow as well as white. This is also a day to celebrate the diversity that God, the Creator has gifted us with. A Contemporary Christmas Carol Each one of us has this time of Christmas to discover someone in need, someone who is sad, someone who is looking for Christ. And so often we learn that we really don’t have to look that far. Don’t Give up on Your New Year's Resolutions Yet This Spe Salvi reflection can help you to find daily hope to keep your resolutions. Your struggles can actually be very meaningful to your own salvation and the salvation of others. Read Ana’s story to find out how.

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Holy Gospel: February 6 "When Jesus disembarked and saw the vast crowd, his heart was moved with pity for them, for they were like sheep without a shepherd; and he began to teach them many things." (Mark 6: 30-34) Different Men and Women We have to act in a different way in marriage, in family life, in business, in politics, in relationships with other men and women. In all of these areas we have to distinguish ourselves from the present society and its values. Out of Sync Fr. John Bullock teaches the pitfalls of Syncretism.

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Bioethics battle is between contrary visions of the human person, says Rome professor LEXINGTON, KY (Cross Roads) - In the field of bioethics, two contrary visions of the human person are engaged in a “fierce battle” with far-reaching implications for the human race, a professor of bioethics told a Lexington group Feb. 22 at the Catholic Center in Lexington. Br. Than spoke in Lexington, during a two-week speaking tour of the U.S. and Canada. “The inherent dignity is found metaphysically in (the) individual… The human person is an end in himself and never to be used as a means,” Br. Than said, adding that human beings are never to be treated as merchandise or degraded by classification as non- or less-than-human. The truth about the human person, he said, exists at both the empirical and the philosophical levels. By contrast, the liberal utilitarian view shuns any notion of inherent value and reduces the human person, by classification, to the individual’s capacity for thought, for independence or autonomy, for the ability to feel or relate to others, and freedom from suffering. In other instances, the utilitarian position coins new terms, such as “pre-embryo” and “activated egg,” to describe early life or assigns “arbitrary” timelines for life to begin, such as 14 days or implantation. However, Br. Than said, bioethics requires a “right view of the human person…because anything else will have disastrous consequences.” Communism, the source of cultural havoc Br. Than traced utilitarian thinking back to the philosophies spawned by the Industrial Revolution (late 18th century) and the injustices of the then-newly industrialized world which influenced the thinking of Karl Marx, whose philosophy became the template for communism. “Communism brought a lot of the havoc and miseries that we experience today,” Br. Than said, adding that ideas spark action and move the broader culture. The bioethics professor also said cultural relativism and pluralism make no judgments about right or wrong and consider freedom an “absolute and everyone should do whatever they want.” He offered several “snapshots” of how the utilitarian view is making inroads into the common culture: Chinese scientists have combined human and rabbit cells; a professor of bioethics in England has said that people should be able to sell their internal organs in order to rise above poverty; and a Sydney, Australia, hospital removed a woman from dialysis, because of her suffering and the burden of costs. “Twenty years ago, these news (items) would make headlines…nowadays we’ve become desensitized to this kind of abuse,” Br. Than said. Ideas, movements, and agendas are “not spontaneous,” he said. Rather, they are forwarded and financed by people who want to change the culture and are often abetted by the media. At various times in the past 30 years, the abortion, euthanasia, and same-sex marriage movements have launched major propaganda offensives, in order to make acceptance of these movements part of the cultural landscape. Br. Than said the notion of “privacy” introduced in the contraception case Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) and ensconced as a right in Roe v. Wade (1973) was cited in a 1994 assisted suicide case, an example of logic filtering down through culture. He said this cultural osmosis is “very dangerous” and “geared toward changing families and changing culture.” The attack of the clones Br. Than, a self-described sci-fi buff, reacted to news earlier in the month that Korean scientists had successfully cloned human. When he was younger, he said, he thought cloning was “fantastic,” like the Harrison Ford movie “Blade Runner.” “Is it sci-fi or reality? The line is not so clearly drawn these days,” Br. Than said. These various attacks on human life, he said, “are not just theoretical… It’s going to affect your family. It’s going to affect your children, your grandchildren.” To promote the Catholic Church’s vision of human life and dignity in the culture, what is needed is a “new generation of Catholic intellectuals,” Br. Than said. He told the 38 people present that they can take practical steps as Catholics by praying, studying the issues and church teaching, political activism, serving the weak and the poor, and by “work in the world of ideas” to explain the church’s “correct vision” of the human person. Rate This Article Leave a Comment More Diocese News - Newman Centers are anchor of faith at public colleges - A Pinprick to Revive Devotion - Family celebration: Utah women travel to India to meet with sponsored children - Deportation of Wis. eighth-grader reveals immigration policy's painful side to class - Mandatory drug testing to be implemented in Oklahoma City Catholic high schools - Catechesis of the Good Shepherd ‘hands-on’ religious education gets a look in Texas - Food versus fuel: Is biofuel production to blame for our present food shortage? - Spirituality key to the dying patient’s ‘quality of life,’ says Catholic doctor - Bioethics battle is between contrary visions of the human person, says Rome professor - Fr. Paul Schenck: Finding Living Faith on Catechetical Sunday - The Movie Yellow: Incest as 'Normal' and Cassavates's Slides Into the World of Woes - The Chicago School Teachers Strike Reveals the Need For School Choice - The Sexual Barbarians and the Dissolution of Culture - The Happy Priest Challenges Us to Ask: Who is Jesus to Me? - Michael Coren on Canadian Public Schools: Teachers, leave those kids alone - We Cannot Ignore Our Consciences: Cardinal Dolan On Religious Liberty - In the Face of Danger, Successor of Peter Travels to Lebanon as a Messenger of Peace - Reflections on the Dignity and Vocation of Women: Who or What?

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News - Scotus Mariology Symposium #4 Version 8 and above required to view videos Uploaded by AirMaria on Aug 30, 2008 In preparation for the International Centenary Symposium on the Mariology of Bl John Duns Scotus, Fr Peter Fehlner describes the native culture of Duns in the 13th century and historical considerations. The Franciscans of the Immaculate, in conjunction with the Day With Mary apostolate of England, will be hosting a symposium commemorating the 700th anniversary of the death of Bl. John Duns Scotus (1308): International Centenary Symposium on the Mariology of Bl. John Duns Scotus. It will be held at: Grey College, University of Durham, England 9th - 11th September 2008 For More Information: http://www.airmaria.com/scotus Ave Maria! Leave a Comment Want to share your informative and entertaining video with an international audience? Sign In

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The centerpiece of President Bush’s crimefighting program is an initiative called Project Safe Neighborhoods. That initiative calls for the hiring of some 700 lawyers who will be dedicated to prosecuting firearm offenses, such as the unlawful possession of a gun by a drug user or a convicted felon. The basic idea is to divert firearm offenses from state court, where they would ordinarily be prosecuted, to federal court, where tougher prison sentences will be meted out. Project Safe Neighborhoods will also provide funding to escalate gun prosecutions at the state level. Praise for Project Safe Neighborhoods comes from quarters as diverse as Handgun Control, Inc. and the National Rifle Association. Unfortunately, those disparate parties have united in support of a singularly bad idea. Project Safe Neighborhoods is an affront to the constitutional principle of federalism. The initiative flouts the Tenth Amendment by relying on federal statutes that have no genuine constitutional basis. Moreover, the program will very likely lead to overenforcement of gun laws and open the door to prosecutorial mischief affecting the racial composition of juries. As the constitutional and policy implications of Project Safe Neighborhoods become more apparent, the Bush initiative looks less like a commonsense solution to crime and more like a political gimmick with pernicious unintended consequences. If the “respect for federalism” he has repeatedly professed is sincere, President Bush must reconsider his support for Project Safe Neighborhoods.

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Virginia is for lovers Lawmakers in the Virginia House of Delegates should approve employment-discrimination protections for LGBTQ state workers The Virginia Senate Friday voted 24-16 to approve a bill protecting gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender and queer state employees from workplace discrimination. Four Republicans and all the chamber’s Democrats voted in favor. The legislation now faces an uphill battle as it moves to the Virginia House of Delegates. LGBTQ employees in Virginia have looked to the General Assembly for assistance before, but without success. Past proposals protecting LGBTQ employees have faltered after leaving the lower chamber. A bill prohibiting state agencies from discriminating against gays and lesbians in employment decisions, for example, passed the Virginia Senate in February 2010. The legislation was the first of its kind in Virginia. It stalled and died in the House of Delegates a month later. In recent years the path to protections has been through Virginia’s executive branch, not the legislature. In December 2005 Democratic governor Mark Warner amended an executive order to explicitly bar state agencies from discriminating against gays and lesbians in hiring and promotions. When Warner issued his executive order he had less than a month in his gubernatorial term. But his successor Tim Kaine, also a Democrat, followed suit by signing the same executive order on Jan. 14, 2006. It was one of his first acts as governor. Current Virginia Gov. Bob McDonnell walked back legal protections in favor of de facto ones. In February 2010 — days before the Virginia Senate approved its ill-fated bill protecting LGBTQ state employees — the Republican governor signed an executive order prohibiting discrimination on the basis of multiple categories, including race, sex, color, national origin and religion. Sexual orientation was not one of them. The next month Attorney General Ken Cuccinelli penned letters to Virginia’s public colleges and universities telling them they lacked the legal authority to ban discrimination against gays and lesbians. Feeling heat on the issue, McDonnell issued an executive directive — a formal request that lacks the weight of law — warning state employers they would face reprimands for discriminating against gays and lesbians. Custom may exert more power than law, but LGBTQ state employees need codified workplace protections. Cuccinelli may be our governor come November. Given his dismal gay-rights record, words and good intentions are not enough. State employees require protections that carry legal force. Custom can change, but law endures until amended. Protections passed by the legislature would be difficult for Cuccinelli or another executive to override. Senate Bill 701, the bill currently under consideration, does not do anything radically new. The legislation merely formalizes the antidiscrimination practices state agencies currently abide by when hiring, firing and promoting employees. If attitudes in state government with respect to LGBTQ employees remain relatively tolerant, the bill simply enshrines current policies into Virginia law. No harm done. But if attitudes toward LGBTQ employees change wildly — as they might under a Cuccinelli administration — the bill grants public workers necessary protections. The legislation ensures that current state employment practices cannot be discarded on a whim. Twenty-one states and Washington, D.C. have laws banning workplace discrimination related to sexual orientation. Virginia should join the ranks. Reasons for such laws are simple: Employers, public or private, should want the most qualified workers they can find. And LGBTQ workers want some legal assurance that they won’t lose their jobs because of their orientation. Indeed, such a bill might entice more qualified workers to the Commonwealth. Race, religion, sex, national origin, disability — state law protects these categories and more from workplace discrimination. Sexual orientation is the last major identity marker left unguarded. Sen. Adam Ebbin, D-Alexandria, who helped introduce the legislation that passed Friday, is Virginia’s first openly gay state senator. Though his bill may flounder when it enters the Commonwealth’s more conservative chamber, we nonetheless commend his efforts to shield Virginia’s more vulnerable employees. The House of Delegates should move to codify nondiscrimination by voting yes on Ebbin’s bill.

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This fall, Cayuga Community College Community Education and Workforce Development is offering a new course that is designed to prepare service members and veterans for college success. College Bootcamp for Veterans will address the cultural differences between military and college life, veteran benefits, and academic skills needed to be successful in college. New York State Division of Veterans Affairs counselor and former U.S. Army infantry soldier Kevin Justian will teach the course, which will provide an overview of all major federal veterans’ benefits: VA healthcare, VA educational benefits, compensation and pension benefits, and other federal resources available to help with the reintegration process. “Veterans have experienced a different environment and mindset in the military as compared to what they will encounter during academic work,” Justian said. “There are social and psychological effects of military service; college is different from the formal military lifestyle and can be used to fill the social belonging void found when leaving the structured unit cohesions of the military unit.” Justian earned an Associate’s degree from Cayuga Community College and a Bachelor’s degree from Syracuse University, with dual majors in philosophy and psychology. He is currently pursuing a master’s degree in psychology. For the past 12 years, he has served in his current role as a state veteran counselor. In May, Justian began serving the Cayuga Community College and Auburn community on Fridays in Room M-316 on the Auburn Campus. During his office hours, he helps student veterans and community-based veterans obtain benefits and navigate the difficult transition between military and civilian cultures. He assists with service-connected disability claims and facilitates medical treatment for symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Traumatic Brain Injury. He interfaces with the College Veterans Club, the Veterans Working Group, and the Veteran Regional Consortium, and hopes to network with CCC’s admissions, financial aid, and registrar’s offices, as well as faculty and senior leadership to help make CCC a “veteran-friendly” campus. “I went to college after military service and understand the challenges a veteran experiences as an adult learner,” Justian said. “The value of higher education is essential for success after military service in today’s society.” Students can enroll in one of two sections of the nine-hour course—6 to 7:30 p.m. on Thursdays from September 13 through October 18; or 1 to 2:30 p.m. on Tuesdays from October 9 through November 13. Both sections will be held on the Auburn Campus. There is no fee to enroll. To register or obtain more information, visit www.cayuga-cc.edu/communityed or call 315-294-8841.

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Britian's Prime Minister David Cameron says his country cannot tolerate Islamic extremism. In a speech on terrorism to the annual Munich Security Conference Saturday, Cameron warned that Britian's multiculturalism policy has created segregated communities where Islamic extremism thrives. "We have even tolerated these segregated communities behaving in ways that run counter to our values," Cameron said. "We have encouraged different cultures to live separate lives, apart from each other and the mainstream." Britain has become one of Europe's most active bases for terrorist plots. He said Britain had found that many convicted terrorists had initially been influenced by so-called "nonviolent extremists" - people who aren't involved in encouraging plots, but denounce Western politics and culture - before going on to carry out violence. Cameron also reached out to the rest of Europe, calling on countries to "wake up." He said that terrorism can't be defeated by simply taking outside actions, but that European countries need to pay attention to what's happening in their own borders. "If we are to defeat this threat, I believe it's time to turn the page on the failed policies of the past," Cameron said. "Instead of ignoring this extremist ideology, we - as governments and societies - have got to confront it, in all its forms."

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On May 15, the House Agriculture Committee passed its 2013 farm bill. The bill would cut the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as the Food Stamp Program) by almost $21 billion over the next decade, eliminating food assistance to nearly 2 million low-income people, mostly working families with children and senior citizens. The bill’s SNAP cuts would come on top of an across-the-board reduction in benefits that every SNAP recipient will experience starting November 1, 2013. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program’s (SNAP) primary purpose is to increase the food purchasing power of eligible low-income households in order to improve their nutrition and alleviate hunger and malnutrition. The program’s success in meeting this core goal has been well documented. Less well understood is the fact that the program has become quite effective in supporting work and that its performance in this area has improved substantially in recent years. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as the Food Stamp Program) is the nation’s most important anti-hunger program. In 2012, it helped almost 47 million low-income Americans to afford a nutritionally adequate diet in a typical month. Nearly 72 percent of SNAP participants are in families with children; more than one-quarter of participants are in households with seniors or people with disabilities. SNAP is the nation’s most important anti-hunger program. This chartbook highlights some of the key characteristics of the almost 47 million people using the program as well as trends and data on program administration and use. Related: SNAP is Effective and Efficient SNAP, the nation’s most important anti-hunger program, helps roughly 35 million low-income Americans to afford a nutritionally adequate diet. WIC — short for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children — provides nutritious foods, information on healthy eating, and health care referrals to about 8 million low-income pregnant and postpartum women, infants, and children under five. The School Lunch and School Breakfast programs provide free and reduced-price meals that meet federal nutritional standards to over 22 million school children from low-income families. - Introduction to SNAP The Center designs and promotes polices to make the Food Stamp Program more adequate to help recipients afford an adequate diet, more accessible to eligible families and individuals, and easier for states to administer. We also help states design their own food stamp programs for persons ineligible for the federal program. Our work on the WIC program includes ensuring that sufficient federal funds are provided to serve all eligible applicants and on helping states contain WIC costs. Our work on child nutrition programs focuses on helping states and school districts implement recent changes in how they determine a child's eligibility for free or reduced-priced school meals. May 17, 2013 Revised May 16, 2013 Updated May 8, 2013 Revised May 1, 2013 Updated May 1, 2013 - View All By Date

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- Medical Directors - Board of Directors - Contact Us - Meet Your Sponsors - Social Work Support Services - Jenna's Corner Online Community - Family 2 Family - Loss, Grief and Bereavement Program At the fifth annual OMG Cancer Summit, Will Reiser was awarded the “Extreme Cancer Survivor” award. Reiser is the screenwriter for the movie 50/50. 50/50 is loosely based on Reiser’s cancer experience as a young adult. During a question and answer session, Reiser discussed the impact a cancer diagnosis had on him. He said after he finished treatment he thought to himself, “I haven’t changed”. It took some time and his friends pointing changes out to him, before he realized he had changed. He said “How could someone my age face death and not change?” For many brain tumor survivors, finding the meaning may be more difficult. While they have faced a tumor that could impact every aspect of their being, the desire to not be seen as different often outweighs the desire to find the meaning in being a “survivor”. While many others talk to them about being an “inspiration” or being “strong”, they feel they just did what they had to in order to finish treatment. Oftentimes they do not see the educational obstacles they overcame in order to earn a degree, but rather see how long it took them compared to others their age. They do not see the leadership and support they provide to others when they are willing to listen to each other or a newly diagnosed teen or other young adult. Yes, facing your own mortality has to change teens and young adults. As professionals, parents, or peers we see the difference. I hope that each survivor can figure out how surviving a brain tumor “fits” into their life and can find a way to celebrate the many challenges they have overcome. Let us know the how you are different.

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Why have 72,850 Californians adopted solar energy? The reasons for installing solar energy systems are as individual as each residential or commercial system, but the benefits each family or organization receives are common: reduced energy costs now, protection against future utility price hikes, and the knowledge that they are contributing to a healthier climate and economy. Nearly 1,000 of these solar pioneers have received an added benefit that ONLY Cooperative Community Energy Corporation (CCEnergy) can deliver – unbiased advice. As the only renewable energy cooperative in California, CCEnergy is literally owned by our customers – ensuring that we provide maximum benefits through discounted equipment, expert design services, and installation project management. Investing in a solar electric system for your home or business doesn't need to be an intimidating process. Your solar electric system should be designed to meet your unique circumstance and goals. Select an option below to learn if "going solar," with CCEnergy, is right for you. What’s better than a free site visit? Getting paid $50 for one! If you’re considering solar electric for your home or business and have a quote from another solar company, we’ll pay you $50 for the opportunity to bid on your project. Discover what California’s only solar company owned by its customers can do for you! Call CCEnergy today at 800-721-6163 - - please mention this offer when calling. (Competitive bid must be a firm bid from a licensed solar company for the same site address, dated within 30 days of the site visit with CCEnergy. Bid must be shown to a CCEnergy field rep for verification and analysis. $50 is paid at the time of visit).

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News and Events Columbia College of Missouri-Hancock Field to donate cell phones to troops deployed overseas Columbia College of Missouri-Hancock Field honored Veterans Day by making sure troops stationed overseas have a way to call home. The college, in conjunction with the nonprofit Cell Phones for Soldiers® donated 424 cell phones to soldiers. For every donated phone, Cell Phones for Soldiers provides two and a half hours of free talk time to deployed troops. Columbia College of Missouri originally began educating service members at Hancock Air Force Base in 1975. When the active duty base closed in 1983, the campus moved to the Air National Guard base. In early 2012, the college opened a new facility on the West side of the base, off Townline Road, which allows for unfettered access for both base personnel and civilians. Columbia College of Missouri-Hancock Field offers six associate, nine bachelor’s and two master’s degree programs in-seat; additional associate, bachelor’s and master’s degrees also are available online. Founded in 1851 in Columbia, Mo., Columbia College has been helping students advance their lives through higher education for more than 160 years. As a private, nonprofit, liberal arts and sciences institution, the college takes pride in its small classes, experienced faculty and quality educational programs. With more than 30 campuses across the country, 18 of which are on military installations, students may enroll in day, evening or online classes. The college is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and is a member of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. Columbia College educates more than 30,000 students each year and has more than 74,000 alumni worldwide. For more information, visit www.ccis.edu.

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Each person holds the power to make a positive impact on education in Clark County. Education ties to social and economic development, so do your part to build a strong community. Join one of the efforts listed below - and Watch Us Grow! Help a student to graduate through encouragement of his or her academic efforts and goals. Volunteer, partner with schools, or share your education and career to experience through CCSD's School-Community Partnership Program make a difference in the lives of students. Supplies beyond the basics help to enrich learning experiences, and items can be donated directly to the schools through the Support a School program. For just one hour per week for 12 weeks, now through April, you can read with two students and support a skill that is fundamental in the classroom and beyond. An orientation is provided. Teachers thrive with creative resources, and you can help in various ways through the Teacher EXCHANGE™ Whether volunteering regularly or occasionally and whether helping with general office work or specialized programs, you can strengthen our schools through the Public Education Foundation. Your voice counts. Attend a meeting of the CCSD Board of Trustees, ask about serving on a board committee or participate in your trustee's parent meetings.

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Religion Subject Guide guides are designed to help students begin the research process, find reputable sources, and save time. the Library Catalog for Books & Other Materials To locate books and other materials in CCSF Libraries, select the Library Catalog from the Library's Homepage. You will notice many ways to search, such as Title, Author, Subject, Subject Keyword, Examples of Subject searches include: Religion, Religion and Politics, Religion and Science, Buddhism, Islam, Islam – United States, Prayer, Aguaruna Indians -- Religion include books, sample tests, class notes, and other items that instructors put at the library for class use. The check out time is shorter than regular circulating books. To search for a book on reserve in the Library Catalog, select either Reserves by Course or Reserves by Instructor. When you have located the materials, write down the Call Number and Title and present this to a staff person at the Circulation Desk. the Library Collection the Library are shelved by call number according to the Library of Congress classification system. Books are arranged on the shelves by subject. areas in the collection to find materials on religion include: CALL NUMBER RANGE |Religions. Mythology. Rationalism |Islam, Bahai Faith. Theosophy, etc Reference books provide background information and overviews on a given topic. Relevant reference books for religion include: Man, myth, and magic: the illustrated encyclopedia of mythology, religion, and the unknown. Richard Cavendish, editor in chief. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2000. BF 31 E52 2000 Vols. 1-8 Rosenberg Reference The Oxford dictionary of world religions. John Bowker, ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. BL 31 084 1997 Rosenberg Reference Atlas of the world’s religions. Ninian Smart, ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. G 1046 .E4 A8 1999 Rosenberg Reference. Taking sides. Clashing views on controversial issues in religion. Daniel K. Judd, ed. Guilford, CT: McGraw-Hill, Dushkin, c2003. H61 .T3577 2003 Rosenberg Reference. The encyclopedia of American religious history. Edward L. Queen. New York, NY: Facts On File, c1996. BL 2525 .Q44, 1996 Rosenberg Reference Encyclopedia of American religion and politics . Paul A. Djupe and Laura R. Olson. New York: Facts On File, c2003. BL 2525 .D58 2003 Rosenberg Reference. Electronic Reference Sources from the CCSF Ebooks collection For more information about eBooks go to: http://www.ccsf.edu/library/ebooks.html Encyclopedia of religious rites, rituals, and festivals 2004 Encyclopedia of new religious movements 2006 Encyclopedia of women and religion in North America 2006 A popular Dictionary of Buddhism 1997 Who's who in the Old Testament together with the Apocrypha 2002 The Quran : an encyclopedia 2006 for Articles in Periodical Databases databases group together journal, magazine, and newspaper articles by subject. They also usually provide abstracts (brief summaries) and the full text of the articles. Do you need help identifying the differences between scholarly journal v. popular magazine articles? databases are part of the private, passworded Web, so you will need to have a current CCSF ID card with a barcode to access those that CCSF subscribes to. All current CCSF Student ID cards should already have a barcode. More information about obtaining a library bar code. Infotrac is a brand name for several databases with coverage from 1980 to the present. Most relevant for religion topics is InfoTrac’s Religion & Philosophy database which covers topics in the areas of both religion and philosophy. InfoTrac’s Expanded Academic ASAP and OneFile databases also have useful materials. These databases let you limit your results to articles only from scholarly journals by checking the box "Refereed titles." Literature Resource Center Literature Resource Center has traditional reference works, critical information on authors and their works, and current journal articles. It is valuable for biographical information on authors of works relating to religion, and for critical information on both an individual work and an author’s body of work CQ provides lengthy research reports written by the editorial staff of the Congressional Quarterly Co. There are many reports related to religion. Some examples are Religion in America, Evolution versus Creationism, Prayer and Healing, and Religious Persecution. There are also reports on related moral or ethical issues such as issues of reproductive ethics, teaching values, assisted suicide, designer humans, and the ethics of war. Ethnic Newswatch is comprised of newspapers, magazines and journals of the ethnic, minority and native press in America. Search here for ethnic aspects of topics related to religion. Below are some examples of academic/scholarly web sites on Religion. If you use a search engine, such as Google, remember to evaluate the quality of the results. Web Resources for General Reference Virtual Religion Index An extensive and well organized index of Web resources with useful annotations that speed the targeting and process of research. From Rutgers University. Voice of the Shuttle – Religious Studies Page Links to resources including general studies, specific religions (Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Sikkism, etc.), nonreligious views (Atheism, Agnosticism), issues of law and religion, society and religion, and religious studies courses and departments. From the University of California, Santa Barbara. Encyclopedia of Religion and Society “Full text online of the Encyclopedia, with table of contents, covering the spectrum of religions.” The Encyclopedia of Religion and Society is from the Hartford Institute for Religious Research, and its editorial board is comprised of a number of respected sociologists of religion. The Internet Sacred Text Archive “a freely available archive of electronic texts about religion, mythology, legends and folklore, and occult and esoteric topics” Particular focus is on believers’ (defined very broadly) sacred texts, including both primary and secondary materials. Content Evaluation Guidelines Advice from the Medical Library Association Webpages: Techniques to Apply and Questions to Ask A UC Berkeley - Teaching Library Internet Workshops Analyzing Information Sources Developed by Olin-Kroch-Uris Libraries at Cornell University. and Citing Source A quick and easy check list to use when determining the quality of web documents. Prepared by Librarians at CCSF. help you may contact the Reference Desk by phone at (415) 452-5543 or stop by the East and West reference desks at the Rosenberg and Citing Information Sources Electronic Reference Service to CCSF students, faculty, staff and registered community users. Use this service when you are NOT in a CCSF library. and Web Research Workshops FIfty minute workshops are given throughout the semester on effective methods in searching for books, articles and information on the Several useful sources for evaluating the quality of web pages, how to prepare citations for a "Bibliography" or "Works Cited" list, and how to avoid plagiarism. Online Writing Lab One of the most thorough and easy to navigate writing labs avaialble! Research and Writing Hosted by the Internet Public Process @ CSU Colorado State University developed these guides which "focus on a range of composing processes as well as issues related to the situations in which writers find themselves." comments or suggestions to: | Library Home Copyright Library & Learning Resource Center, City College of San Last updated September 13, 2007

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February is National Teen Dating Violence Awareness & Prevention Month Did you know that in a recent national survey, 1 in 10 teens reported being hit or physically hurt on purpose by a boyfriend or girlfriend at least once in the 12 months prior to the survey? And nearly half of all teens in relationships say they know friends who have been verbally abused. Before violence starts, a teen may experience controlling behavior and demands. One partner may tell another what to wear and who to hang out with. Over time, the unhealthy behavior may become violent. That's why adults need to talk to teens now about the importance of developing healthy, respectful relationships. Dating violence can have a negative effect on health throughout life. Victims of teen dating violence are more likely to do poorly in school, and report binge drinking, suicide attempts, physical fighting, and current sexual activity. Teens who perpetrate dating violence may also carry these patterns of violence into future relationships. CDC's Division of Violence Prevention is leading the initiative, Dating Matters™: Strategies to Promote Healthy Teen Relationships. Dating Matters™ aims to promote respectful, nonviolent dating relationships among youth in high-risk, urban communities. The comprehensive approach will build upon current evidence-based practice and experience to reduce the burden of teen dating violence in these communities. The initiative will support communities as they implement prevention strategies in schools, with families, and in neighborhoods. Over the next five years, Dating Matters™ will be implemented in middle schools and neighborhoods across Chicago, Illinois, Baltimore, Maryland, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, and Oakland, California. For more information about each of these communities, view the Dating Matters™ grantee profiles. Learn more about CDC's efforts to prevent dating violence: Get email updates To receive email updates about this page, enter your email address: - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Rd Atlanta, GA 30333 TTY: (888) 232-6348 - Contact CDC-INFO

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2002 Porter Novelli Healthstyles Survey Telenovela Viewers and Health Information APHA Executive Summary, November 17, 2003 Analysis of the 2002 Porter Novelli HealthStyles database was conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Hollywood, Health & Society at the USC Annenberg Norman Lear Center. The dataset consists of responses from 21 items that were included in the national HealthStyles Survey to describe the characteristics of telenovela (Spanish-language soap opera) viewers, impact of health content in telenovelas, and top sources for health information among telenovela viewers. The Porter Novelli HealthStyles survey is one of a pair of linked postal mail surveys sent to a sample which is drawn to be nationally representative on seven U.S. Census Bureau demographic characteristics. The first survey is a consumer survey in which data on general media habits, product use, interests, and lifestyle are collected. The second survey, HealthStyles, is administered to respondents to the first survey in which data on health attitudes, behaviors, conditions, and information seeking are collected. HealthStyles is a proprietary database product developed by Porter Novelli, a social marketing and public relations firm. The survey was conducted in July and August of 2002 with 4,397 respondents, 466 of which were Hispanic race/ethnicity. Since this is an English-language mail survey, the sample drawn for telenovela viewers represents only a portion of the U.S. telenovela viewing audience. The data summarized here provide initial evidence to suggest potential impact of health content on the much larger audience of Spanish-language viewers to be surveyed in the next stage of research. Five percent of all respondents (n=216) are telenovela viewers, i.e. viewers who watch telenovelas at least a few times a month (27% of Hispanics, 6% of Blacks, and 2% of Whites). - Hispanic, lower income, lower educated, and younger age groups report more often learning something new about a health topic, taking action, making a health care choice, and providing health information to friends, family, or others after hearing about a health topic on a telenovela. - Forty-two percent of respondents rate Spanish-language TV as a top source of learning about health, behind TV news/news magazine shows (48%) and health care providers (44%). - Prime time TV entertainment shows are cited as a top source of learning about health by one in three telenovela viewers. Two percent of all respondents (n=84) report they are regular viewers, i.e. they watch telenovelas at least two times a week. - Nearly nine out of ten (88%) report knowing other friends or acquaintances who are also regular viewers of telenovelas. - Prime time TV entertainment shows are cited as a top source of learning about health by one out of four regular telenovela viewers. The 2002 HealthStyles survey indicates that 27% of the Hispanics who responded to this English-language survey are telenovela viewers. Since telenovelas are broadcast in Spanish, viewing frequency and impact are projected to be substantially higher among Spanish-language dominant households/viewers. All Hispanics represent 12.5% of the U.S. population or 35 million individuals (2000 U.S. Census). By the year 2035, there will be 75 million Hispanics comprising 20% of the U.S. population. Over the past 5 years, Hispanic-American TV households have grown by 19% compared with 29% growth of Spanish-dominant TV households – from 3.5 million to 4.6 million. Since Hispanics experience a disproportionate burden of preventable disease, death, and disability compared to non-minorities, and may have limited access to health care, Spanish-language telenovelas can serve a critical health education service when they provide accurate, timely information about health issues. In addition, the daily format of telenovelas allows audiences to identify with characters since they see them so frequently and may relate to their situations. Research has demonstrated that this type of identification can enhance learning and prevention when viewers model desirable behavior and avoid undesirable behavior. When even a small percentage of viewers take action as the result of a TV storyline to protect or improve their own health or the health of someone they know, millions of people and their families can benefit. If a show fails to convey accurate information or shows risky behavior without the associated health consequences, viewers may suffer negative effects as well. Writers and producers of telenovelas may want to consider: - Topics and diseases that are most prevalent among U.S. Hispanics (e.g. diabetes, homicide, HIV, prenatal care, breast/cervical cancer, vaccines for children). - Prevention information delivered or modeled by credible characters (e.g. checking the smoke alarm, using a seat belt, taking a daily vitamin, getting regular medical check-ups, getting a flu vaccine, exercising). - Storylines that explore the impact of disease, injury, and disability on people’s lives, and how they can find help within the health care system or their local communities. - Characters with negative beliefs and poor health practices suffering the consequences (e.g. a smoker who is diagnosed with lung cancer or an inactive adult who finds he has diabetes). - Challenges and struggles characters face in making changes and the positive outcomes that result when they choose more positive beliefs and practices (e.g. the smoker who quits and stops coughing or the teen who is overweight but starts to become physically active). - Storylines with characters who have health limitations or impairment but practice healthy behaviors that contribute to their quality of life (e.g. an HIV-positive person who gets regular check-ups and takes his medication with care). Summary of Findings (Sample Size: 4,397 Respondents) Frequency of Spanish Language Telenovela Viewing by Audiences Five percent (n=216) of all respondents are telenovela viewers who watch telenovelas (like Amigas y rivales, La intrusa, El derrecho de nacer, Pedro el escamoso, or Corazón salvaje) at least a few times a month (27% of Hispanics, 6% of Blacks, and 2% of Whites). Thirty-nine percent (n=84) of all telenovela viewers (2% of all respondents) are regular viewers who watch two or more times a week. |Table 1. Frequency of Spanish Language Telenovela Viewing by Audiences| |55 and above||13%||12%| |$25K to $59K||34%||38%| |High school or less||57%||37%| |College or above||19%||22%| Among all telenovela viewers, 59% are Hispanic, 14% Black, and 23% White. Higher income and higher education groups are less represented, as are older and younger age groups. Regular telenovela viewing is reported by: - 82% are Hispanic, 3% are Black, and 15% are White - 57% have high school or less education and 42% have less than $25K income - Nearly nine out of ten (88%) regular viewers report they know at least some Spanish-speaking acquaintances who also view telenovelas or dramas at least twice a week Telenovelas as a Source fore Learning about Health About six out of ten (61%) regular viewers and 38% of all viewers indicated they learned something new about a health topic from a telenovela storyline. Nearly half (49%) of Hispanics who viewed a few times a month indicated they learned something new about a health topic from a telenovela storyline. Sources for Health Information About four out of ten (42%) of regular telenovela viewers report Spanish-language television is a top three source of learning about health, with nearly half (48%) reporting TV news/news magazine shows and 44% reporting health care providers. One-third (33%) of regular viewers report prime time TV shows as a top three source – about the same as those who report friends/family and more than those who report newspapers (30%). |Table 2. Sources for Health Information| |TV News or News Magazine Shows||48%||64%||67%| |Health Care Providers||44%||41%||45%| |Spanish Language Television||42%||19%||1%| |Prime time TV Entertainment Shows||33%||28%||25%| |Spanish Language Radio||8%||7%||0.4%| Impact of Health Topics in Telenovelas: Actions Taken More than eight out of ten (83%) regular viewers and three-quarters (76%) of all viewers heard something about a health issue or disease in a telenovela within the past year. Nearly half (49%) of regular viewers and 31% of all viewers took one or more actions as a result. Among all viewers, 63% of Hispanics took one or more actions. |Table 3. Actions Taken by telenovela viewers| |Told Someone about the story or health topic||31%||18%| |Told someone to do something or did something myself||16%||12%| |Visited a Clinic, Doctor, or Nurse||14%||8%| |Called a clinic, health care place, or hotline number||7%||3%| Make a health care choice Four out of ten (43%) regular viewers and 31% of all viewers report that a telenovela storyline helped them make a health care choice. More than one-third (38%) of Hispanics who viewed a few times a month, report that a telenovela storyline helped them make a health care choice. Provide important health information to their friends/family More than half (55%) of regular viewers and 39% of all viewers report that a telenovela storyline helped them provide important health information to their friends, family, or others. Nearly half (48%) of Hispanics who viewed a few times a month report that a telenovela storyline helped them provide important health information to their friends, family, or others. Get email updates To receive email updates about the Gateway, enter your email address: - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Rd Atlanta, GA 30333 TTY: (888) 232-6348 - Contact CDC-INFO

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NCEZID: Our Work, Our Stories 2011-2012 Improving Public Health Preparedness Infectious diseases can be found everywhere, and NCEZID is engaged in preventing, tracking, detecting, and responding to outbreaks of infectious diseases throughout the United States and the world. Selected information and NCEZID activities are highlighted in this report. The links below reference sections of NCEZID: Our Work, Our Stories 2011-2012 with information about improving public health preparedness.

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CDC's Office on Disability and Health focuses on the prevention of secondary conditions and health promotion among persons with disabilities. Emphasis is on scientific support for surveillance of disabilities, cost-effectiveness of prevention strategies focused on secondary conditions and health promotion activities, and identifying risk and protective factors for secondary conditions. This is implemented through providing funds to states for public health activities addressing the needs of persons with disabilities. The program emphasizes secondary conditions which cross diagnostic categories, and focus on broader disability areas. This is a relatively new approach to prevention programs for CDC, which historically focused on the primary prevention of disabling conditions. The program is focusing on activities that will enhance the ability to measure performance in this new area. This performance measure reflects a first step toward building a data collection system that will enable CDC to monitor trends related to health and quality of life among people with disabilities. Performance Goals and Measures Performance Goal: By 2002, a national network will exist that will provide all states with better access to data on disabilities for their use in analyzing the needs of people with disabling conditions. |FY Baseline||FY 1999 Appropriated||FY 2000 Estimate| |0 (1997).||By 1999, the number of states who have begun using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) disability module will be increased to 15.||By 2000, the number of states who have begun using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) disability module will be increased to 25.| Currently, there is not a data collection system in place that could be used to measure outcomes that focus on actual improvements in the quality of life of people with disabling conditions. As a result, the performance measure that has been selected for this program involves the nationwide implementation of a data collection system by the year 2002. We believe that, although challenging, nationwide implementation of the BRFSS' disability module by 2002 is feasible. However, this represents a change in direction for CDC's disabilities program, which previously focused on preventing primary disabilities. As part of on-going strategic planning efforts, the program has refocused its efforts on promoting health and improving quality of life among people with disabilities. 1997 is the first year that CDC has funded states to address these issues. As a result, the program is focusing on activities that will enhance the ability to measure performance in this new area. Tracking of the implementation of this data collection system will be accomplished through a requirement that all CDC state grantees report on whether they are utilizing the module. The cost of this data collection effort will be minimal. Verification/Validation of Performance Measures: This performance measure will be verified by reviews of the reports required by cooperative agreement recipients. Links to DHHS Strategic Plan This objective is closely linked to DHHS Goal 5: Improve public health systems.

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Multistate Outbreak of Human Salmonella Chester Infections (Final Update) Posted September 9, 2010 This outbreak appears to be over. However, Salmonella is an important cause of human illness in the United States. More information about Salmonella, and steps people can take to reduce their risk of infection, can be found on the CDC Salmonella Web Page. Persons Infected with the Outbreak Strain of Salmonella Chester, United States, by State Infections with the Outbreak Strain of Salmonella Chester, by Week of Illness Onset CDC collaborated with public health officials in many states, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA/FSIS), and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate a multistate outbreak of Salmonella serotype Chester infections. Investigators used DNA analysis of Salmonella bacteria obtained through diagnostic testing to identify cases of illness that were part of this outbreak. As of 9:00 AM EDT on August 27, 2010, a total of 44 individuals infected with a matching strain of Salmonella Chester have been reported from 18 states since April 11, 2010. The number of ill people identified in each state with this strain is as follows: AK (1), CA (5), CO (2), GA (8), IL (1), KY (1), MA (2), MN (2), MO (1), NC (1), OK (1), OR (2), SC (2), TN (1), TX (3), UT (3), VA (4), and WA (4). Among those for whom information is available about when symptoms started, illnesses began between April 4, 2010 and June 16, 2010. Case-patients ranged in age from <1 to 88 years old, and the median age was 36 years. Fifty-four percent of patients were female. Among the 43 patients with available hospitalization information, 16 (37%) were hospitalized. No deaths were reported. The outbreak can be visually described with a chart showing the number of people who became ill each day. This chart is called an epidemic curve or epi curve. For more details, please see the Salmonella Outbreak Investigations: Timeline for Reporting Cases. Investigation of the Outbreak A widely distributed contaminated food product might cause illnesses across the United States. The identity of the contaminated product often is not readily apparent. In outbreaks like this one, identification of the contaminated product requires conducting detailed standardized interviews with persons who were ill. It may also require conducting interviews with non-ill members of the public ("controls") to get information about foods recently eaten and other exposures to compare with information from the ill persons. The investigation is often supplemented by laboratory testing of suspected products. Collaborative investigative efforts of officials in many local, state, and federal public health, agriculture, and regulatory agencies linked this outbreak to Marie Callender’s Cheesy Chicken & Rice single-serve frozen entrées. During June 14-18, 2010, CDC and public health officials in multiple states conducted an epidemiologic study by comparing foods eaten by 19 ill and 22 well persons. Analysis of this study suggested that eating a Marie Callender's frozen meal was a source of illness. Ill persons (89%) were significantly more likely than well persons (14%) to report eating a frozen meal. All ill persons (100%) who ate frozen meals reported eating a Marie Callender's frozen meal. None of the well persons who ate a frozen meal reported eating a Marie Callender's frozen meal. There was insufficient data from this study to implicate a specific frozen meal type. However, many of the ill persons reported eating a Marie Callender's Cheesy Chicken & Rice frozen entrée in the week before becoming ill. Additionally, two unopened packages of Marie Callender’s Cheesy Chicken & Rice single-serve frozen entrées collected from two patients’ homes (one collected in Minnesota on June 18, and one in Tennessee on July 19) yielded Salmonella Chester isolates with a genetic fingerprint indistinguishable from the outbreak pattern. On June 17, 2010, ConAgra Foods announced a precautionary recall of Marie Callender's Cheesy Chicken & Rice single-serve frozen entrées after being informed by the CDC of a possible association between this product and the outbreak of Salmonella Chester infections. On June 17, 2010, USDA's FSIS announced ConAgra's recall. View recalled food package [PDF - 6 pages] posted by FSIS. Clinical Features/Signs and Symptoms Most people infected with Salmonella develop diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps 12–72 hours after infection. Infection is usually diagnosed by culture of a stool sample. The illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days. Although most people recover without treatment, severe infections can occur. Infants, elderly people, and those with weakened immune systems are more likely than others to develop severe illness. When severe infection occurs, Salmonella may spread from the intestines to the bloodstream and then to other body sites and can cause death unless the person is treated promptly with antibiotics. More general information about Salmonella can be found here under Salmonella FAQs. Advice to Consumers - Salmonella is sometimes present in raw foods (e.g., chicken, produce, and spices) which can be used as ingredients in not-ready-to-eat frozen dinners. - Consumers should follow the instructions on the package label of the frozen dinner. Conventional ovens are better at cooking foods thoroughly. Microwave ovens vary in strength and tend to cook foods unevenly. - If you choose to cook the frozen dinner using a microwave, be sure to: - Cook the food for the time specified for your microwave's wattage. - Let the food "stand" for the stated time, so cooking can continue. - Use a food thermometer to make sure that it is fully cooked to an internal temperature of 165 degrees Fahrenheit. - Individuals who think they might have become ill from eating a Marie Callender's frozen dinner should consult their health care providers. - Consumers who have Marie Callender's Cheesy Chicken & Rice single-serve frozen entrées in their freezer should discard them or return them to their retailer for a refund. - Consumers are urged to read and follow the preparation instructions on the label of all frozen entrees. If the package says “Do Not Microwave,” consumers should follow that instruction and use a conventional oven. Consumers should use a food thermometer to make sure the entrees reach at least 165 degrees Fahrenheit. - General Information: Salmonella - Description of the Steps In a Foodborne Outbreak Investigation - CDC's Role During a Multi-State Foodborne Outbreak Investigation - Two Minnesota cases of Salmonella infection linked to national recall of frozen meals - Cooking Safely in the Microwave Oven CDC's Role in Food Safety As an agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), CDC leads federal efforts to gather data on foodborne illnesses, investigate foodborne illnesses and outbreaks, and monitor the effectiveness of prevention and control efforts. CDC is not a food safety regulatory agency but works closely with the food safety regulatory agencies, in particular with HHS's U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Food Safety and Inspection Service within the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). CDC also plays a key role in building state and local health department epidemiology, laboratory, and environmental health capacity to support foodborne disease surveillance and outbreak response. Notably, CDC data can be used to help document the effectiveness of regulatory interventions.

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At the core of the RSI academic program is an intensive, six-week introduction to scientific research. In fields ranging from category theory to cancer research, participants gain firsthand experience with open-ended, scientific inquiry in leading laboratories in the Boston area. Academic, corporate, and government-sponsored research teams invite RSI students to join in their ongoing projects, providing students an opportunity to make an original contribution. Many RSI students use their RSI research projects as a basis for entry to science competitions, garnering top awards in the annual Intel Science Talent Search, International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF), and the Siemens Science and Technology Competition. Some are recognized by their labs with co-authorship credit on journal articles, and a few rejoin the labs as undergraduate or graduate students. Students invited to the program receive free tuition, room, and board. Their only expense is transportation to and from MIT. This allows CEE to select RSI students solely on the basis of academic records and their accomplishments. RSI is made possible through the support of individuals, parents, alumni, corporations, and U.S. government agencies.

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NOAA scientists agree the risks are high, but say Hansen overstates what science can really say for sure Jim Hansen at the University of Colorado’s World Affairs Conference (Photo: Tom Yulsman) Speaking to a packed auditorium at the University of Colorado’s World Affairs Conference on Thursday, NASA climatologist James Hansen found a friendly audience for his argument that we face a planetary emergency thanks to global warming. Despite the fact that the temperature rise has so far been relatively modest, “we do have a crisis,” he said. With his characteristic under-stated manner, Hansen made a compelling case. But after speaking with two NOAA scientists today, I think Hansen put himself in a familiar position: out on a scientific limb. And after sifting through my many pages of notes from two days of immersion in climate issues, I’m as convinced as ever that journalists must be exceedingly careful not to overstate what we know for sure and what is still up for scientific debate. Crawling out on the limb, Hansen argued that global warming has already caused the levels of water in Lake Powell and Lake Mead — the two giant reservoirs on the Colorado River than insure water supplies for tens of millions of Westerners — to fall to 50 percent of capacity. The reservoirs “probably will not be full again unless we decrease CO2 in the atmosphere,” he asserted. Hansen is arguing that simply reducing our emissions and stabilizing CO2 at about 450 parts per million, as many scientists argue is necessary, is not nearly good enough. We must reduce the concentration from today’s 387 ppm to below 35o ppm. “We have already passed into the dangerous zone,” Hansen said. If we don’t reduce CO2 in the atmosphere, “we would be sending the planet toward an ice free state. We would have a chaotic journey to get there, but we would be creating a very different planet, and chaos for our children.” Hansen’s argument (see a paper on the subject here) is based on paleoclimate data which show that the last time atmospheric CO2 concentrations were this high, the Earth was ice free, and sea level was far higher than it is today. “I agree with the sense of urgency,” said Peter Tans, a carbon cycle expert at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration here in Boulder, in a meeting with our Ted Scripps Fellows in Environmental Journalism. “But I don’t agree with a lot of the specifics. I don’t agree with Jim Hansen’s naming of 350 ppm as a tipping point. Actually we may have already gone too far, except we just don’t know.” A key factor, Tans said, is timing. “If it takes a million years for the ice caps to disappear, no problem. The issue is how fast? Nobody can give that answer.” Martin Hoerling, a NOAA meteorologist who is working on ways to better determine the links between climate change and regional impacts, such as drought in the West, pointed out that the paleoclimate data Hansen bases his assertions on are coarse. They do not record year-to-year events, just big changes that took place over very long time periods. So that data give no indication just how long it takes to de-glaciate Antarctica and Greenland. Hoerling also took issue with Hansen’s assertions about lakes Powell and Mead. While it is true that “the West has had the most radical change in temperature in the U.S.,” there is no evidence yet that this is a cause of increasing drought, he said. Flows in the Colorado River have been averaging about 12 million acre feet each year, yet we are consuming 14 million acre feet. “Where are we getting the extra from? Well, we’re tapping into our 401K plan,” he said. That would be the two giant reservoirs, and that’s why their water levels have been declining. “Why is there less flow in the river?” Hoerling said. “Low precipitation — not every year, but in many recent years, the snow pack has been lower.” And here’s his almost counter-intuitive point: science shows that the reduced precipitation “is due to natural climate variability . . . We see little indication that the warming trend is affecting the precipitation.” In my conversation with Tans and Hoerling today, I saw a tension between what they believe and what they think they can demonstrate scientifically. “I like to frame the issue differently,” Tans said. “Sure, we canot predict what the climate is going to look like in a couple of dcades. There are feedbacks in the system we don’t understand. In fact, we don’t even know all the feedbacks . . . To pick all this apart is extremely difficult — until things really happen. So I’m pessimistic.” There is, Tans said, “a finite risk of catastrophic climate change. Maybe it is 1 in 6, or maybe 1 in 20 or 1 in 3. Yet if we had a risk like that of being hit by an asteroid, we’d know what to do. But the problem here is that we are the asteroid.” Tans argues that whether or not we can pin down the degree of risk we are now facing, one thing is obvious: “We have a society based on ever increasing consumption and economic expectations. Three percent growth forever is considered ideal. But of course it’s a disaster.” Hoerling says we are living like the Easter Islanders, who were faced with collapse from over consumption of resources but didn’t see it coming. Like them, he says, we are living in denial. “I think we are in that type of risk,” Tans said. “But is that moving people? It moves me. But I was already convinced in 1972.”

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Celiac.com 10/12/2009 - I recently read an article in The Economist, of all places, that intrigued me. Titled, “Breathe Easy”, (The Economist, May 23, 2009, page 85) it explained a link between eczema and asthma. What intrigued me was the mechanism: researchers showed that a signaling molecule called thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) secreted by damaged skin cells can enter the blood stream and eventually sensitize the lungs to react to what should be harmless allergens. So, why my intrigue? Well, I am severely gluten intolerant and have had psoriasis my entire life. Natural doctors bemoan the fact that my ultra sensitivity to anything and everything (from vitamins and whole-food supplements to Chinese herbs) prevents them from being able to help me. I wondered if TSLP from damaged psoriatic skin cells had sensitized my gut to react to what would otherwise be harmless food substances. A quick search proved quite helpful. First and foremost, Scott Adams had already reviewed an article that established a link between celiac disease and psoriasis back in November of 2004 (Br.J. Dermatol. 2004 Oct;151(4):891-4) 2004). Also, a peer-reviewed journal search yielded hundreds of results that showed this was not one isolated study. So, what about celiac disease and asthma? Well, once again, a quick search of the celiac.com site showed many bloggers and authors personally discussing this very link. Next, I went to the medical literature in the hopes of finding whether or not TSLP could be considered the culprit for hyper sensitizing me to an ever increasing list of food substances—gluten is only the start. Researchers have proven that elevated T cells (Bulletin of Experimental Biology & Medicine. 2004 Mar; 137(3):302-7) and eosinophils ( Allergy & Asthma Proceedings. 2004 Jul-Aug; 25(4): 253-9) are found in the intestinal mucosa of patients with asthma thus proving a link of lung mucosa to gut mucosa. If elevated TSLP from damaged skin cells could lead to asthma, and the mucosa of the lungs is linked to the mucosa of the gut, then hypothetically elevated TSLP could lead to a hypersensitive gut. In other words, damaged skin cells from psoriasis elevate levels of TSLP and patients with psoriasis often have celiac disease. There is also a link between TSLP and asthma and a link between asthma and celiac disease. Thus, it could be argued that the TSLP from damaged skin cells plays a role in sensitizing the gut to previously harmless food substances. Now if only a researcher out there would design a study to prove me right! What does this to for me? Not much at the moment, although, I do find it incredibly interesting. What can this exercise in possible commutability do for all of us? Maybe train us to view our bodies as an entire, interrelated system and to take our skin lesions seriously. What do I do to keep my psoriasis at bay? I hold fast to the gluten free diet and consume vast quantities of fish oil which, incidentally, also aids in restoring a damaged intestinal lining…

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- The Protein Kinase Kin4 Inhibits Exit from Mitosis in Response to Spindle Position Defects Molecular Cell, Volume 19, Issue 2, 22 July 2005, Pages 223-234 Katharine E. D’Aquino, Fernando Monje-Casas, Jennifer Paulson, Vladimir Reiser, Georgette M. Charles, Leslie Lai, Kevan M. Shokat and Angelika Amon SummaryAccurate nuclear position is essential for each daughter cell to receive one DNA complement. In budding yeast, a surveillance mechanism known as the spindle position checkpoint ensures that exit from mitosis only occurs when the anaphase nucleus is positioned along the mother-bud axis. We identified the protein kinase Kin4 as a component of the spindle position checkpoint. KIN4 prevents exit from mitosis in cells with mispositioned nuclei by inhibiting the mitotic exit network (MEN), a GTPase signaling cascade that promotes exit from mitosis. Kin4 is active in cells with mispositioned nuclei and predominantly localizes to mother cells, where it is ideally situated to inhibit MEN signaling at spindle pole bodies (SPBs) when anaphase spindle elongation occurs within the mother cell. Summary | Full Text | PDF (690 kb) - Spindle Position Is Coordinated with Cell-Cycle Progression through Establishment of Mitotic Exit-Ac... Molecular Cell, Volume 39, Issue 3, 13 August 2010, Pages 444-454 Leon Y. Chan and Angelika Amon SummaryHow spatial information is translated into a chemical signal is a fundamental problem in all organisms. The spindle position checkpoint is a prime example of this problem. This checkpoint senses spindle position and, in budding yeast, inhibits the mitotic exit network (MEN), a signaling pathway that promotes exit from mitosis. We find that spindle position is sensed by a system composed of MEN-inhibitory and -activating zones and a sensor that moves between them. The MEN inhibitory zone is located in the mother cell, the MEN-activating zone in the bud, and the spindle pole body (SPB), where the components of the MEN reside, functions as the sensor. Only when an SPB escapes the MEN inhibitor Kin4 in the mother cell and moves into the bud where the MEN activator Lte1 resides can exit from mitosis occur. In this manner, spatial information is sensed and translated into a chemical signal. Summary | Full Text | PDF (1004 kb) - Kin4 Kinase Delays Mitotic Exit in Response to Spindle Alignment Defects Molecular Cell, Volume 19, Issue 2, 22 July 2005, Pages 209-221 Gislene Pereira and Elmar Schiebel SummaryFor many polarized cells, it is critical that the mitotic spindle becomes positioned relative to the polarity axis. This is especially important in yeast, where the site of cytokinesis is predetermined. The spindle position checkpoint (SPOC) therefore delays mitotic exit of cells with a mispositioned spindle. One component of the SPOC is the Bub2-Bfa1 complex, an inhibitor of the mitotic exit network (MEN). Here, we show that the Kin4 kinase is a component of the SPOC and as such is essential to delay cell cycle progression of cells with a misaligned spindle. When spindles are correctly oriented, Kin4 and Bub2-Bfa1 are asymmetrically localized to opposite spindle pole bodies (SPBs). Bub2-Bfa1 then becomes inhibited by Cdc5 polo kinase with anaphase onset, a prerequisite for mitotic exit. In response to spindle misalignment, Kin4 and Bub2-Bfa1 are brought together at both SPBs. Kin4 now maintains Bub2-Bfa1 activity by counteracting Cdc5, thereby inhibiting mitotic exit. Summary | Full Text | PDF (920 kb) Copyright © 2000 Cell Press All rights reserved. Cell, Volume 102, Issue 1, 21-31, 7 July 2000 ArticleAdd/View Comments (0) A Mechanism for Coupling Exit from Mitosis to Partitioning of the NucleusCorrespondence: Angelika Amon, 617 258 8964 (phone), 617 258 6558 (fax) - Exit from mitosis must not occur prior to partitioning of chromosomes between daughter cells. We find that the GTP binding protein Tem1, a regulator of mitotic exit, is present on the spindle pole body that migrates into the bud during S phase and mitosis. Tem1's exchange factor, Lte1, localizes to the bud. Thus, Tem1 and Lte1 are present in the same cellular compartment (the bud) only after the nucleus enters the bud during nuclear division. We also find that the presence of Tem1 and Lte1 in the bud is required for mitotic exit. Our results suggest that the spatial segregation of Tem1 and Lte1 ensures that exit from mitosis only occurs after the genetic material is partitioned between mother and daughter cell.

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Spanish-Language Version of American FactFinder The local-level 2010 Census information for legislative redistricting released in March for Puerto Rico are now available in a Spanish-language version of the new American FactFinder. The statistics include the same topics covered in the previous release of the 2010 Census Redistricting Data Summary File: race, Hispanic origin, the voting age (18 years and over) population and housing units for various levels of geographies. Internet address: <http://factfinder2.census.gov/bkmk/navigation/1.0/es/d_dataset:DEC_10_PL No news release associated with this report. Tip Sheet only.

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That Swedish Cartoon of Mohammed Was Offensive ... March 11, 2010 To dogs. Why should our canine friends be demeaned by being conjoined -- even figuratively -- to the head of someone such as Mohammed? I am referring, of course, to the 2007 cartoon by Swedish artist Lars Vilks, which depicted the Prophet Mohammed with the body of a dog. Vilks has received numerous death threats since the cartoon was first published, and in the last couple of days an arrest was made of a person involved in a new, bizarre plot to kill him. The person arrested was an American, Colleen Renee LaRose, a/k/a Jihad Jane, who allegedly was conspiring with some terrorists in Ireland to assassinate Vilks. Congrats to the three Swedish newspapers who republished the Vilks cartoon after the latest conspiracy came to light. The papers noted that the threat to Vilks constituted a threat against one of the most fundamental human rights, namely freedom of speech. Bravo. Their actions in supporting Vilks and republishing his cartoons contrast sharply with the craven, apologetic attitude adopted by some after the furor over the 2005 Danish cartoons. Maybe the West has some backbone after all. My only quibble with the cartoon is that it may be a bit unfair to focus only on Mohammed and, by extension, Islamic fundamentalists. Sure, the Koran is suffused with incitements to violence, and we are all too familiar with contemporary Islamic terrorism. But Judaism and Christianity don't exactly have clean hands. (Hence my three-headed dog.) There probably never was a Moses, but the actions attributed to him in the Bible portray him as a murderous, genocidal fanatic, willing to slaughter his own people for almost any faux pas in matters religious and positively eager to exterminate anyone who was not a Hebrew. We are often told Moses should be honored as a law-giver and role model in matters of morals. Excuse me? Perhaps his desire to ethnically cleanse the Promised Land made him a role model (ironically) for those Germans who dreamt of Lebensraum , but I fail to see any basis for revering him. Jesus is a more ambiguous figure. The New Testament does refer frequently to peace and love, but it also attributes to JC the assertion that he came not to bring peace, but a sword. And the book of Revelations does not exactly portray a gentle, forgiving Jesus. What is certain is that Christianity has inspired as much violence and bloodshed as Islam. If we didn't have suicide bombers during the centuries of warfare between Protestants and Christians, it's only because the technology was not available. So sharp criticism of Islam is appropriate, but let's not forget that almost all religions have been the enemies of religion and the midwives of mindless violence. There are, of course, many believers who are agreeable, responsible, moral, wonderful individuals. But they don't get that way by allowing their lives to be dominated by religious dogma. Slavishly adhering to the supposed teachings of semi-legendary figures who (may have) lived long ago, in conditions starkly different from our own, is not a recipe for an informed, fulfilling, morally laudable life. If you rely solely on religious dogma as your guide to life, you're likely to end up with a dog's breakfast. #1 gray1 on Thursday March 11, 2010 at 7:23pm Interesting dogma/dog connect here. Speaking of cartoons and their possible subliminal messages, I felt the dogma thing was at work in Disney’s recent “Up” movie with the usage of the established pack of misled if not altogether evil dogs versus the new, naive and somewhat dopey new hero dog “Doug” who ultimately becomes the alpha dog simply after putting the “cone of shame” on the dobie who was playing the heavy, so to speak. We might note some not so subliminal religious imagery at work in this movie along with the search for the ever elusive “snipe” that the old school dogmas are all seeking to capture. Ironically the snipe resembles nothing so much as an early Disney animatronic bird you might see in the tiki house complete with glazed over, soulless eyes. Ha! Religion can be so much fun! #2 Ronald A. Lindsay on Friday March 12, 2010 at 9:11am gray1, thanks for the observations on “Up” I may be the one person in the U.S. who has not seen the movie, so your explanation and link were helpful. Disney has been known to pitch religion subtly and/or twist plots to avoid giving offense to religious viewers. The most egregious example may have been transforming the evil priest, Claude Frollo, in “The Hunchback of Notre Dame” into a judge. I guess everyone hates lawyers. #3 iskender (Guest) on Sunday March 14, 2010 at 3:55pm We present our site Have a look to #4 oldebabe (Guest) on Tuesday March 16, 2010 at 10:52am # 2. Nope, you can’t have the credit of being the only person not to have seen `UP’. In fact, I’d not even heard of it… The last Disney-ish film I remember seeing was `Fantasia’, but there was the `demon’ etc. of course, and perhaps a good-over-evil theme to the `A Night on Bald Mountain’ music… I didn’t think about it one way of the other at the time - it was a fantasy… loved the music. Dogs and mice seem a funny way to tout religion, tho… RAL - Interesting article. I continue to marvel at how/why etc. some Islamists get so (got so) crazed about a cartoon… or cartoons. The anger/outrage is out of proportion, and potential incidents seem to be sought and enhanced - deliberately misunderstood or skewed, their specialness exalted, and shouts of being insulted, followed by threats, violence, etc. tho’ the media can’t get enough of it. It’s bizarre, and what seems a sort of insanity to many, and serves as a total turn-off, IMO. This trend, hopefully, like the plane highjackers of the 60s tho’ more deadly, will be put to an end soon. #5 Alma Rosa Lujan (Guest) on Wednesday March 17, 2010 at 4:42pm I would like to receive information regarding Swedish cartoons, especially for kids and youngsters. I am a teacher at the Williams School in Cuernavaca, Mexico. My students would love to read about a very well-known magazine or film. Thanks a lot, Alma

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Your right to make decisions about medical treatment is important - and both Federal and State Law, and the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare require that hospitals pay attention to your wishes. The following information is only an overview. We recommend you discuss medical decisions and your wishes with your physician, family members, friends, and lawyer. Please refer to the websites listed below for additional information. Documenting your medical decisions and wishes about medical treatment through a written Advance Directive is the best way to ensure your wishes are recognized and followed. What is an Advance Directive? In Colorado, there are three types of documents that are recognized by the laws of the State of Colorado and qualify as "advance medical directives". Those three documents are: CPR directives, living wills, and Medical Durable Power of Attorney (MDPOA). Each of those documents assist health care providers with information regarding your wishes for medical treatment should you be unable to make decisions at the time treatment is needed. Colorado CPR Directive A Colorado CPR Directive is a document that is signed by both you and your doctor that indicates your desire NOT to have cardiopulmonary resuscitation initiated should your breathing stop or heart stop beating. This type of directive is usually used by individuals who are elderly who are living with chronic illnesses or individuals who have critical, life threatening or terminal illnesses. A Living Will is a document that has written instructions that state your wishes regarding artificial life support if you have a terminal condition or are in a persistent vegetative state and are unable to tell your doctors what you would want regarding medical treatment. Medical Durable Power of Attorney A MDPOA is a document you sign naming someone to make your healthcare decisions if and when you are not able to do so. The person you name is called your healthcare agent. Are there any other documents recognized in Colorado that will inform healthcare providers of my wishes for medical treatment? Yes - a MOST document (Medical Orders for Scope of Treatment) This form is a 1 page, 2 sided document that summarizes in check-box style choices for key life-sustaining treatments including CPR, general scope of treatment, antibiotics, and artificial nutrition and hydration. For each type of treatment, you may refuse treatment, request full treatment, or specify limitations. The MOST is primarily intended for use by chronically or seriously ill persons in frequent contact with healthcare providers, or already living in a nursing facility. It is completed by you or your authorized decision maker along with a healthcare provider who can explain what each of the choices mean. Then it is signed by you (or your agent/proxy) and a physician, advanced practice nurse or physician's assistant. When it is signed, it becomes a medical order set, not an advance directive. The MOST is honored in any setting: hospital, clinic, day surgery, long term care facility, assisted living residence, hospice, or at home. To access the MOST form, visit the Colorado Advanced Directives website. See the section on "important questions" for answers.

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Walker proposes $30 million for mental health service Funding will be part of state budget Gov. Scott Walker said he will propose increasing funding for mental health services across Wisconsin by $30 million. Walker told the annual meeting of the Wisconsin Counties Association on Wednesday that he's been looking into the state's mental health needs, but the effort took on added urgency following mass shootings in the state and across the country. Walker said he will propose the funding in his two-year state budget to be introduced Feb. 20. He said the money will go into expanding services statewide that currently are only offered in some counties. That includes coordinated mental health care for juveniles, comprehensive care designed to reduce hospitalizations and additional inpatient treatment units at the Mendota Mental Health Institute. "What it's really about are lives, not only those that I mentioned, the stories they tell and the idea that not only are we helping them, we're helping ourselves because as they become more productive citizens and are able to handle the health issues that face them, we're able to give them the care. Hopefully through these expanded efforts we'll be able to do it in all parts and all counties of the state of Wisconsin," Walker said. Walker said he feels mental health is an area that's often overlooked. State lawmakers are also adding to the effort. Assembly Speaker Robin Vos, R- Rochester, announced a bipartisan task force to examine issues with mental health. "Like the governor who made an announcement today, we recognize that the current system for treating those with mental illness is not getting the job done," Vos said. "Here's an opportunity to bring people together to really address it. Stigma is the No. 1 reason people don't seek treatment, and if we can do something to address that it will be great," said Rep. Sandy Pasch, D-Shorewood. Mental health advocates said all of this is a step in the right direction. "I think the state's investments and both Republicans and Democrats working together on this issue goes a long way to reducing the stigma for people with mental illness, because we're saying this is something we should be providing support to people, we should be investing in people and children early on as opposed to sending them to the emergency room or Corrections," said Lisa Pugh, of Disability Rights Wisconsin. Lawmakers said they were generally supportive of the governor's new funding for mental health. Pasch said she hoped the governor would also take additional federal Medicaid funds to help those with mental illness. Copyright 2012 by The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

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Benfica and 'the curse of Bela Guttmann' Vienna, Austria. 1990. A man weeps by a grave. He lowers his head and murmurs a few quiet words. He sits awhile, glances intently at the writing on the headstone, he uses the palm of his hand to wipe away the dirt. His eyes glaze over with a look of hopelessness, almost pleading for something to happen. Nothing happens. The man rises, turns and leaves. That night he gets his answer -- the curse lives on. When Benfica's players walk out at Barcelona's Camp Nou on Wednesday, more than 22 years since the club's last appearance in a European Cup final, they will face a formidable task. Not only must they overcome the magical Lionel Messi and his teammates in order to reach the last 16 of this season's competition, but they must also bury the famous curse. Bela Guttmann's curse. A condemnation that even the prayers of his famous protege Eusebio could not lift that day in Vienna. "Every year when Benfica plays in the Champions League, they try to get rid of the curse," Portuguese journalist Jose Carlos Soares told CNN. "Any time that Benfica play near Guttmann's grave, somebody will take flowers. It hasn't worked." Even in death, Guttmann is determined to have his own way -- much to the anguish of a club he left in anger after taking it to the peak of European football in the early 1960s. A charismatic and sometimes eccentric genius, Guttmann revolutionized football during a coaching career which spanned 25 jobs in 13 different countries before he passed away in 1981, aged 82. Born into a Jewish family in Budapest in 1899, Guttmann, like his parents, became a trained dance instructor before switching his focus to football. After becoming part of the MTK Hungaria side which won the league title in 1920 and 1921, Guttmann left for Vienna following the rise of anti-Semitism under Miklos Horthy's regime. It was here, among the Austrian intelligentsia, that he flourished, taking in the political and literary debates in Vienna's coffee-house society. There he joined the exclusively Jewish football club Hakoah Wien, where he won the league title in 1925 as well as winning four caps for Hungary. After traveling on a tour to the U.S. with Hakoah, Guttmann decided to stay put in New York only to lose a considerable amount of money in the Wall Street crash. That forced the nomadic traveler to move on once again, first back to Vienna where he took on a coaching role with Hakoah before joining Dutch side SC Enschede. But Guttmann's life, like those of so many other Jews, was turned on its head during the rise of Hitler in Europe and the Holocaust which killed six million people. "Guttmann was hugely talented," says leading football writer Jonathan Wilson, author of the book "Outsider: A History of the Goalkeeper." "He was tactically very astute but also very awkward and difficult," Wilson told CNN. "He was very quick to take offense. "The central theme with Guttmann is the war. We don't know how he survived it, and the fact he skips over it in his book could mean one of two things. "Did he feel guilty for surviving or did he compromise himself to stay alive? "Or, perhaps it was that the memories were just too painful to share and that the loss of so many of his loved ones meant he didn't speak about it. "He was hugely successful but there was something tragic about him, which probably comes from that time." While family members, including a brother, perished in concentration camps, Guttmann escaped to Switzerland where he was held in internment. It wasn't until the end of the war in 1945 that he returned to football, this time in Romania. It was here, in 1946 with club side Ciokanul, that he demanded to be paid in vegetables at a time when famine was a growing problem. While parsnips and carrots were gratefully received, Guttmann's relationship with the board was never a particularly healthy one. When a club director began to interfere in team selection, Guttmann finally lost patience. His fiery temper and attitude of "my way or the highway" earned him plenty of attention, especially from the media. Following spells with Padova and Triestina in Italy, Boca Juniors and Quilmes in Argentina and Apoel Nicosia in Cyprus, Guttmann hit the big time with AC Milan in 1953. His team led the Serie A table after 19 games in his second season, only for another run-in with the board to curtail his tenure. "I have been sacked, even though I am neither a criminal nor a homosexual," he told a shocked press conference. "Goodbye." Years later, on his first day as the manager of Benfica, he fired 20 players before leading the club to the Portuguese title. "He was an incredible man," Wilson said. "Did he become a parody of himself? Did he do those kind of things because people expected it? "I don't know. But it was clear that he never wanted to stay in one place for long, he was always moving. "That could have been because of the war, but also because he was looking for the next pay check." It was in Portugal, after a successful spell in South America, that Guttmann really secured his legacy, securing back-to-back European Cups with Benfica in 1961 and 1962. It was the first time that any club other than Real Madrid had won the competition. During his time in Brazil with Sao Paulo between 1957 and 1958, where he won the league title before moving to Porto, Guttmann introduced the 4-2-4 system which Brazil used at the 1958 World Cup. It was a system that laid the groundwork for the great Brazil sides to establish themselves as masters of the beautiful game. Guttmann had taken some inspiration from the great Gustav Sebes, the man who coached the "Magnificent Magyars" in the 1950s. Under Sebes, also of Jewish descent, Hungary became the first nation to defeat England on its home soil, winning 6-3 in 1953 before reaching the World Cup final the following year. From 1950 until the Hungarian Revolution in 1956, the national team won 42 games, drew seven and lost just once --- in the World Cup final against West Germany. Sebes preferred a 3-2-1-4 formation which allowed Ferenc Puskas, the great Hungarian striker, to thrive alongside the precociously talented Nandor Hidekuti. That slowly changed to the 4-2-4 formation which would inspire Benfica to European and domestic glory. "I never minded if the opposition scored, because I always thought we could score another," Guttmann once said. His thirst for innovation and his psychology degree, which he earned in his younger days, helped him become a leading figure in man-management and a master tactician. At Benfica, it was the arrival of Eusebio which allowed Guttmann to play Mario Coluna in a deeper position and unleash one of the most attacking teams of the era. Benfica defeated Barcelona 3-2 in Berne in the 1961 European Cup final before coming from behind to beat then five-time winners Real Madrid 5-3 the following year. But where there was triumph, disaster was never far away. "From the moment he arrived in Portugal, Bela Guttman's relationship with Benfica was destined to be complex," says Portuguese football expert Ben Shave. "After the second European Cup victory, Guttman approached the recently-elected president Antonio Carlos Cabral Fezas Vital with what seemed an eminently reasonable request -- a pay rise. "Vital chose to turn Guttman down, whereupon the Hungarian departed with what has become a well-worn parting shot: a simple declaration that Benfica would not win another European Cup. "Guttman's curse has proved painfully prophetic -- the Aguias have lost five European Cup finals since, in 1963, 1965, 1968, 1988, 1990." Remembered for his uncompromising attitude, his innovation on the field and his nomadic existence, Guttmann's story gained further resonance following the emergence of Portuguese coach Jose Mourinho, a European champion with Porto in 2004 and Inter Milan in 2010 after beginning his career with a brief spell at Benfica. "Guttman's prickly personality and relentless pursuit of success have led to comparisons with Mourinho in some quarters," Shave told CNN. "What is certainly true is that both left Benfica in unfortunate fashion, and both departures became matters of considerable regret for the club. "The results of Guttman's 'curse' have been well documented, whilst presidential candidate Manuel Vilarinho's stated wish to replace Mourinho with club legend Toni following the 2000 elections led to 'the Special One' taking his talents elsewhere. "In a similar scenario to that which led to Guttman's tenure coming to an end, Mourinho approached Vilarinho with a contract extension request shortly after his election (and a 3-0 win over Sporting), which was denied. "Vilarinho's opponents have dined out on that mistake since." For Benfica's present players, it is up to them to earn redemption and finally close the book on Guttmann's curse. Copyright 2012 by CNN NewSource. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

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Getting organized is a must for every homeschool. However, the extent to which you are organized is up to you and dependent on your personality and your natural organizational skills. SchedulesEstablishing schedules is not a matter to be taken lightly. You need wisdom and caution as you set limitations and budget your time. Adding “Homeschooling Mom” to the already full-time job description of “Mom” makes your life very full! It is very easy for your life to become a juggling exercise as you add wonderful activities to your children’s schedules as well as participating in activities and ministries of your own. With prayer and caution, however, you can keep from being unnecessarily pulled in too many directions. If a homeschooling mother also has a part-time job or operates a home-based business, it is an added stress to the family and must be considered carefully. The school load needs to be kept at a realistic level. The whole family, including Dad, must pitch in with housework. Extracurricular activities will need to be limited. It is not impossible to be a homeschooling, working mom, but you must have realistic expectations and be able to set healthy boundaries around your time and energy. School Year CalendarBefore your first day of school, it is wise to plan out your school year. A general plan, even if it is very flexible, will help you make sure you will get in the 172 days of school required by Colorado homeschool law. You are free to choose what kind of school year schedule you want to follow. Following your local school district’s schedule is an option. (Obtain a copy by calling your school district or visiting their Website.) Making up your own schedule allows you the freedom to tailor the year to your needs and desires. You may want to school only four days each week, or take a week off every six weeks, or take a longer break in summer. Many homeschoolers consider birthdays as “no school” days. Scheduling several extra days will give you a “buffer” for sick days or other unexpected events that require time off. Master CalendarA master calendar for your family will help to keep everyone informed of what needs to happen on any given day. Choose one calendar in your home where all activities, appointments and other commitments are written down. Train your children to consult the calendar before making commitments. Weekly ScheduleMake a weekly schedule by drawing and labeling a grid on a piece of construction paper. Cover the paper with clear contact paper. Use an overhead marker to fill in your grid with your regular weekly activities. You can use a damp tissue to erase when changes are needed. Things to consider when making a weekly schedule: Church activities, sports, music lessons, 4-H/Scouts/AWANA, homeschool work, laundry, housecleaning, work schedules, errands, volunteer commitments, family time, Mom and Dad dates, ministry, holidays, and shopping. By posting this schedule near your master calendar, you eliminate the need to write in all the regular weekly activities on the master calendar. Whenever an opportunity or request for your time comes up, you merely look at the weekly grid to see if there is any regular activity at that time, then look at the master calendar to see if anything special is happening that day. Daily ScheduleA majority of homeschoolers do most of their schooling during the morning hours. Afternoons are used for finishing up assignments and for other activities in which the students are involved. However, each family has the freedom to tailor their school schedule to their own unique situation. To make a schedule, it is wise to have an idea of what you want to accomplish each day and in what order (based on what you have determined to be most important). Remember that every school subject does not have to be covered every day. Things to consider in making a Daily Schedule: chores, grooming, school work, naps, bed time, housecleaning, devotions, exercise, phone calls, spouse time, work schedules, mid-day teacher breaks, and meals (including preparation and cleanup). Don’t forget other activities such as sports, music lessons, and co-ops (including travel time)! If every time-block of your schedule is all filled in, it is probably too full. No matter what kind of a schedule you are making, you need ample “white space” or “margin” time that is not allotted to a certain task. This buffer will help you absorb an unexpected event and give you the freedom to be more flexible. Daily IssuesThough each of our homeschools is unique, we all deal with some of the same daily issues. These daily issues will only be as frustrating as you allow. If you perceive them as “hassles,” they will be just that. But if you make them opportunities to teach your children valuable character qualities (and maybe grow a little yourself), you will find yourself less stressed. InterruptionsThe phone is a big source of interruptions for the homeschooling family. Answering machines and Caller I.D. can be very helpful, making it possible to answer only the critical calls. Explain to friends, neighbors, and relatives that you will not be available during certain hours and ask them not to call during those times. The goal is to set appropriate limits, neither isolating yourself nor allowing unnecessary intrusions. Well-meaning friends who don’t fully understand homeschooling might assume that since you and your children are at home, you are available to baby-sit or do other odd jobs. Use wisdom to avoid taking on too many responsibilities. As wonderful an opportunity as it may be (to meet a need or for your children to make some money) remember it is still an interruption to your school schedule. If the requests become overly persistent or burdensome, it might become necessary to make it clear what your limitations are. Dealing with toddlers and infants while teaching older ones has the potential of being frustrating, but it doesn’t have to be. Remember, your toddler is part of your family and therefore part of your homeschool. He should not be made to feel “in the way” or a bother. At the same time, he can learn that certain behavior is expected at certain times. It is good to teach your little one to wait his turn, not to interrupt, and to sit or play quietly for a period of time. Likewise, it is good for the older child to cultivate patience and the ability to stay on task even through interruptions. With some thought and prayer, you will find realistic, creative ways to deal with this situation effectively. Baby’s nap time is a good time to focus on older students. Set aside special “school” toys that your toddler is allowed to play with only during school time. Find ways to involve him in what you are doing. If you are doing a science activity, find something he can do to make him feel he’s a part of it! If it’s writing time, give him paper and crayons and “assignments.” During math time, give him his own manipulatives to sort or count or stack or build. Have older children take turns reading or playing with the younger ones so that you can direct your attention elsewhere for a time. There will be interruptions in school days. Some you can control (the phone) and others you can’t (a sick child, a spilled glass of juice). Look at it as an opportunity to learn and to teach by example. Both you and your children will do well to develop flexibility and the ability to stay on task even through interruptions.

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Download the Crain’s Chicago Business iPad app for FREE! The app has everything you have come to expect from Crain’s...and a whole lot more. Succeeding in Chicago just got a whole lot easier. In the Chicago area, 13.2 percent of commuters spend 60 minutes or more getting to work each day. That's the highest rate in the Midwest and ninth overall among American metros. When will construction jobs dig out of this hole? Among the hardest-hit occupations in the recession, construction jobs have yet to show signs of bouncing back in the Chicago area. And forecasts don't offer much good news, either. Heralded as the wave of the future by science-fiction writers and coffee-shop squatters, telecommuting has yet to take root with much of the American workforce. It should come as little surprise to see local employment projections favoring jobs in tech, health care and business services in 2013. Recent history shows a diversification of Chicago's workforce with the emergence of those sectors. Several of the Chicago area's most important job sectors have seen marginal gains in the past 12 months. Crain's analyzed data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics to determine which industries are gaining and losing jobs as part of its ongoing look at Chicago employment. The unemployment rate in Illinois continues to show modest improvement. From October 2011 to October 2012, it fell 1.2 percentage points, joining 18 other states showing statistically significant changes. But the state is a long way from recovery. How far? That was the question that led us to this month's jobs report. Crain's mapped data from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey to find the most educated residents of the state. Chicago's gaining jobs in the old industry of moving freight. The Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning has a new site that looks at how gains at logistics companies affect others in the region. As we head into the home stretch of the presidential election, job creation and loss are sure to be on the minds of voters and pundits alike. President Obama's home state of Illinois lost the third most jobs between December 2008 and May 2012, the most recent month for which these figures are available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Higher taxes on beer consumption could have an impact on an industry that employs –directly or indirectly -- 71,000 resident comprising roughly 1.7 percent of all jobs in Illinois. Summer employment this year at Illinois restaurants is projected to reach its highest level in at least a decade, according to the National Restaurant Association. Chicago ranks in the lower third of the 100 largest U.S. metropolitan areas based on employment growth from their worst quarters of recession, according to a recent report. The number of Chicago-area workers who live farther than 90 miles outside Cook County grew by more than 40 percent during the last decade, in line with a trend among the 10 largest U.S. metropolitan areas. How Chicago's hospitality workforce stacks up against other vacation spots: The share of Chicago jobs in the leisure and hospitality industry has increased steadily in the last decade, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. A look at Illinois' high rate of long-term unemployment: The number of Illinois workers unemployed for more than six months continues to push record highs, according to a recent study from Northeastern University. What the Illinois job market will look like in 2018: Illinois factory jobs will be whittled down over the next few years while the health sciences and information technology sectors see the greatest ten-year increase by 2018. Crain's takes an interactive look at the jobless rate among college graduates and student loan debt. Our monthly interactive graphic series tracks a different employment related topic every month. Page 1 of 1

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From skyscrapers to bungalows, the Charles F. Murphy Architectural Study Center at the Chicago History Museum has one of the nation's largest collections of architectural working drawings, as well as manuscript materials, photographs, architectural models, and building fragments that reflect metropolitan Chicago’s built environment. The availability of the Museum’s architecture holdings vary by the type of material. Photographs, Prints, and Documents Most of the prints, photographs, archives, manuscripts, architectural drawings, and published materials in the collection are available to the public for research through the Museum’s Research Center. The Research Center staff also welcomes written and email requests for information about these materials. Please allow several weeks for a reply. Architectural Fragments and Models Requests for information about architectural fragments, models, and other objects can be submitted online. Research inquiries by telephone are not accepted. Please complete the Object Research Inquiry Form to submit your request. You will receive a response to your inquiry from a member of the Museum’s staff within two weeks. In-person research of objects is available by appointment only. To inquire about the availability of research appointments, complete the Object Research Inquiry Form and check the appropriate box. Please note the in-person research guidelines. Requests for images of architectural objects can be made directly through the Rights and Reproductions Office if you have any of the following information: object accession number; creator name and title; or image reference number. If this information is not available to you, please submit an object research Inquiry. Where possible, the entire archives of architectural firms or architects, not just individual drawings or projects, have been collected; documents may include job files, correspondence, ledgers, and field notes. To document more fully the built environment, the holdings also include business papers of builders, construction engineering firms, and real estate development companies. Architectural drawings in the collection date from the 1870s to the present. The vast majority of drawings are working drawings on drafting linen or tracing paper, but the collection also contains design sketches and rendered presentation drawings. Highlights of the Architectural Drawing Holdings - Holabird & Roche / Holabird & Root, 1885–1980 - Harry Weese Associates, 1952–78 - C.F. Murphy & Associates - Graham, Anderson, Probst & White - C.W. and George L. Rapp / Rapp & Rapp - John Lloyd Wright - Francis Barry Byrne - Mary Ann Crawford - John Reed Fugard, Thielbar & Fugard, and Fugard & Knapp - Alfred Alschuler and Friedman, Alschuler & Sincere - Graceland Cemetery Approximately 70 architectural models are also part of the collection. Some are highly finished presentation models, others are crude constructions used by the architects to explore design possibilities. The collection also includes approximately 175 fragments of buildings that have been demolished or remodeled and were collected to document the built environment (Note: The Museum no longer collects building fragments). Highlights of the Model and Building Fragment Holdings - Model of the Travel and Transportation Building designed by Holabird & Root for A Century of Progress International Exposition, 1933–34 - Model of Lake Point Tower designed by Shipporeit-Heinrich, 1968 - Fragments from Troscher Building designed by Louis Sullivan, c. 1885 - Fragment from the Francisco Terrace Apartments designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, 1895 - Rosette from Home Insurance Building entrance designed by William LeBaron Jenney, 1885 The Museum's architectural collection also contains thousands of photographs. These images were part of the archive of an architectural firm, or from the business papers of builders, construction engineering firms, and real estate development companies.

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I was scouting Target this morning for the last few items on my son's Pre-K supply list when something caught my eye. A pencil case made of a recycled chip bag at the mere price of $1.00. How cute, how quirky, how smart. How ECO-CHIC! Frito-Lay has partnered up with TerraCycle to create cool bags that minimized waste and are made thru the collective effort, literally of schools and organizations that collect chip bags and get paid for doing it. Imagine making money for your organization by collecting everyday lunch items that will wind up in a landfill someplace, making money for doing it and then seeing what you've collected on a store shelf near you. What a great way to teach kids how to recycle and have the opportunity to see an end product from their efforts! To find out more about the complete line of TerraCycle's products and programs, visit them at www.terracycle.net.

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- Special Sections - Public Notices What difference can a single blood donation make? One figure frequently cited is that one pint of blood can save up to three lives, since it can provide three lifesaving products: red blood cells, plasma and platelets. LifeSouth is inviting Chiefland and Levy County residents to be a part of saving lives when it hosts a blood drive on Friday, May 11, and Saturday, May 12, at Walmart on North U.S. Highway 19 between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. Donors are also invited to come into the donor center across the highway from Walmart in the Winn-Dixie shopping center on Friday, May 11, between the hours of 9 a.m. and 5:30 p.m.; or Saturday, May 12, between the hours of 9 a.m. and 2 p.m. “Seventeen percent of non-donors say ‘they never thought about it,’ as the main reason for not giving,” said Michael Ross, donor recruiter for LifeSouth. “We hope everyone will think about saving lives and donate blood at the community drive.” All who donate will receive a recognition T-shirt and a complimentary cholesterol screening. Donors must be at least 16 years old, weigh 110 pounds or more, and have photo I.D. Sixteen-year-old donors must have signed parental consent. For more information about becoming a donor or about blood drives in your area, call LifeSouth at (888) 795-2707 or visit www.lifesouth.org and www.facebook.com/lifesouth.

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Sponsor a Child in Guinea - ChildFund came to Guinea: 2005 - Population below poverty line: 49% - News about Guinea - Children’s Voices: Fatoumata From Guinea - Around the Globe with ChildFund in 31 Days: Protecting Children in Guinea - Amid Violence, Work in Guinea Continues - A Family’s Access to Resources Means Hope Read More Guinea is a significant source of the world’s major minerals including gold, diamonds, iron ore and bauxite but the country’s poor infrastructure and political uncertainty prohibits it from developing its economic potential from these and other resources. Located in western Africa on the North Atlantic Ocean between Guinea-Bissau and Sierra Leone, Guinea is smaller than the state of Oregon and suffers from a lack of safe water, environmentally damaged mining regions and preventable diseases. “We’ve brought important knowledge… to local health workers.” Education and Early Childhood Development Many children in Guinea are not in school, and for younger children, there is often no foundation for later learning. Our Early Childhood Development (ECD) programs include building ECD Centers and supplying them with materials and tools used to train families about child protection and healthy development. More than 3340 children have attended school in our ECD Centers and we have educated families in more than 530 homes about how to protect their children and motivate their development. Healthier Families and Children Working with the Ministry of Health, we’ve brought important knowledge, including information about HIV and AIDS, to local health workers and have hired and trained 128 community volunteers to educate the community about disease prevention, proper hygiene and more. We also work to make health services affordable. To provide access to safe water and sanitation facilities, we have provided 29 water systems. Sponsor a child in Guinea today and make a difference in a child’s life.

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How do you get HIV? HIV can be passed on when infected bodily fluid, such as blood or semen, is passed into an uninfected person. Semen is the liquid which is released from a man's penis during sex which carries sperm. It can be infected with HIV or AIDS when someone is HIV positive or is carrying the AIDS virus. This can happen during unprotected sex. For example when two people have sex without using a condom when one partner is already infected, or between drug users who inject and share needles. It can't be transmitted by things like coughing, sneezing, kissing, sharing a toilet seat, swimming pools, sweat and tears.

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Attack and Reteat signals? Posted 30 July 2004 - 07:30 PM Posted 30 July 2004 - 07:33 PM "You can believe in any god, as long as it's our God." Posted 30 July 2004 - 08:31 PM "夫君子之行：靜以修身，儉以養德；非淡泊無以明志，非寧靜無以致遠。" - 諸葛亮 One should seek serenity to cultivate the body, thriftiness to cultivate the morals. If you are not simple and frugal, your ambition will not sparkle. If you are not calm and cool, you will not reach far. - Zhugeliang Posted 30 July 2004 - 09:29 PM The drums, on the other hand, were often very large, to create a truly awe-inspiring roar. I've heard the Chinese drum beaten as a signal for a charge (in a performance that we took part in when I was training in the Singapore army), and it's really morale-stirring for your own guys and terrifying for the enemy. Much more so than the little Western military drum, which is really more for marching than anything else. Compared to the drums, all that's needed for the bells or gongs is that they be loud and high-pitched enough to be audible above the roar of battle. An example of large Chinese bronze bells: 0 user(s) are reading this topic 0 members, 0 guests, 0 anonymous users

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The “plum rain” that envelops Shanghai every summer – a confusing mix of drizzle, fog and smog – is a handy metaphor for the murkiness that currently enshrouds China’s economy. A drumbeat of negative views about China’s economic prospects dominates the country’s image. The financial weekly Barron’s recently proclaimed in a cover story that “it looks like the Great China Growth Story may be falling apart.” On Friday, China is expected to announce new, subpar growth figures. But consider a less prominent fact: A Bloomberg survey of economic forecasters yielded an average projected growth rate for China of 8.2 percent for 2012. If that’s the oft-predicted “hard landing” from the heights of China’s historic double-digit rates, let’s all wish for a similar fate for the United States. No other major country – not even Brazil or India – will grow at a rate near China’s this year. As a China believer who recently made a return trip to the country after eight months, I was eager to assess whether the optimism evident there during my past visits had ebbed. I met with businesspeople and investors, mostly Chinese. To be sure, almost every meeting included an acknowledgment of relative soft spots in the economy and worries about things like declining exports, weakening Western economies, a housing bubble, too much investment and a failure to spur domestic consumption. But on balance, the people I met were firmly optimistic that the fundamental “urge to surge” remained. If anything, the intervening decline in the Chinese stock market had made them more enthusiastic about investing. “China wants you to misunderstand this economy,” one very successful investor said, suggesting that it serves China’s interests to be underestimated by the United States. Concerns about China’s economy are often exacerbated by anxieties about its political stability amid a leadership transition, rampant corruption and official economic data of questionable veracity. But put those emotions and knee-jerk skepticism aside, and the economic picture looks rosy, at least to me. Take, for example, China’s extraordinary investment rate of 48 percent of gross domestic product. High investment is a hallmark of an emerging economy; China’s capital stock per capita is still only about one-tenth of the United States’, which suggests room for further investment. All that spending gives China a feeling of lunging further and further into the 21st century. Visiting Pudong, Shanghai’s shiny new financial district, I recalled that when it was built, in the late 1990s, the vast project was ridiculed by critics as unlikely to ever be fully utilized. Today, Pudong is a major money center. No doubt a portion of China’s investment has been misdirected. But misdirected overinvestment won’t bring down an economy; it simply represents lost consumption for Chinese families. In any event, I’d prefer some misdirected investment to the United States’ alternative: a modest 16 percent investment rate. As for concerns about the housing market, here’s what passes for a burst bubble in China: a 2.2 percent decline in housing prices over nine months (and then a small increase in June). Compare that with the 33 percent drop in the United States between July 2006 and January 2012. And what of the economic downturn in the West? Though it has indisputably hurt Chinese exports (which are still growing, albeit at a rapidly decelerating rate), China is now far less dependent on its exports; their share of GDP has dropped from almost 40 percent in 2007 to 29 percent. China may be totalitarian, but its leaders still behave as if they had 1.3 billion customers whom they need to keep happy by delivering steady and rapid progress up the economic ladder. Interest rates were cut in June and were just lowered again. Constraints on bank lending have been relaxed. The luxury tax was reduced. And notably, the managed appreciation of China’s currency over the past two years or so has been slightly reversed as China continues to pursue its neomercantilist strategy of manipulating everything from technology transfers to trade barriers. While China has instituted only modest measures to stimulate consumer spending, the investors I met with are buying up businesses ranging from car dealerships to dairies, betting that the Chinese will step up their expenditures. The “pessimists-lite” – those who argue that China’s growth rate may not re-accelerate – may be right. No economy can expand indefinitely at China’s historic double-digit rate. But for me, China’s economy still pulsates with the confidence of its growing entrepreneurial spirit, an important factor that doesn’t fit neatly into statistical models. Steven Rattner, a contributing opinion writer, is a longtime Wall Street executive and a former counselor to the Treasury secretary Original Source: The New York Times. Reprinted with Permission.

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Mirroring foreign relations following World War II, it appears Japan is once again beholden to the US to preserve regional security. The US must toe a careful line between advancing Japanese interests and containing China. Ian Bremmer and David Grodon argue that while the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and the US shale revolution have broad implications for China, they are President Obama’s most important foreign policy tools and are not meant to contain China. China is fully aware that a peaceful and stable Middle East is in the interest of the people in the region as well as the interest of the international community. This understanding is the starting point on which China bases its treatment of the Middle East issues. The rise in the economic and military power of China, and the fear it invokes in American leaders, mirrors Thucydides’ explanation of the Peloponnesian War creating a modern-day Athens and Sparta. Now that Washington has sent Beijing a clear message it will be around for the long haul, however, the time has come for the two countries to deepen and institutionalize relationship to secure Asia’s lasting peace and prosperity. China-watchers look on to see how current territorial disputes in the East China Sea will be addressed as Japanese Prime Minister Abe heads to the United States. Backtracking by the Obama administration may appease Abe in the short term, but will enrage China further complicating Sino-US relations. Thank you for visiting China US Focus. We are working to improve the site, and hope you will take a few minutes to complete this anonymous survey. Your valuable opinions are most appreciated.

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Why can some people drink heavily and never become alcoholics when other people get addicted so quickly? Contributing Factors to the Development of Alcoholism Why some people can use and even abuse alcohol without ever developing alcoholism, and why some people seem unusually susceptible to alcoholism, remains a poorly understood phenomenon. There is a genetic component to alcoholism, and people who grow up in alcoholic homes are far more likely to become alcoholics themselves. Children born to alcoholic parents, but raised in homes without alcohol abuse or addiction are also predisposed to alcoholism, so we do know that genetics plays an important role. But all people genetically predisposed to alcoholism do not develop dependencies, and some people with no genetic history of alcoholism end up battling the disease for years. It is now accepted that although a genetic predisposition plays an important influence in the development of the disease, that social and environmental factors are in fact the lager influences towards alcohol abuse or alcoholism. In addition to genetic influences, the Mayo Clinic considers that there are three additional primary influences to alcohol abuse or alcoholism. Emotional States or Emotional Stressors can Induce Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism People may use alcohol excessively in response to frequent or significant emotional disturbances or stresses. When alcohol is used with enough frequency as an emotional management or stress coping tool the risk of dependency or alcoholism increases greatly. There is also likely a bio physical link with stress and alcohol abuse, and stress hormones have been casually linked to increased alcohol consumption and a greater risk for alcoholism. People who use alcohol to deal with life's problems or stresses are at a greater risk to develop alcoholism. The Co-Presence of a Corresponding Psychiatric Condition People suffering through psychiatric conditions like depression, bi polar disorder, borderline personality disorder or anxiety disorders are at a greatly elevated risk to develop alcohol abuse problems or alcoholism. Psychiatric patients often use alcohol or other illicit drugs to self medicate the negative symptoms of an experienced disorder. Unfortunately, while intoxication may bring some temporary relief, the long term effects of alcohol abuse almost always worsen experienced psychiatric symptoms. Alcoholic psychiatric patients are at a great risk for an accelerated progression of both diseases, and require immediate interventions and treatment. In addition to clinical psychiatric conditions, non clinical, but still significant factors such as low self esteem can also increase the likelihood to alcohol abuse, and ultimately alcoholism. Alcohol is rarely an effective long term coping strategy. Social Environmental Factors As a society, largely due to billions of dollars invested in alcohol advertising campaigns, there is a perception of alcohol being associated with glamour, attractiveness and success, and these lingering subconscious perceptions may influence people to try alcohol at a young age and continue to drink more than they should throughout life. The immediate environment can also increase the probability of alcoholism. People who socialize, or live romantically with a person who drinks to excess, whether dependent or not, are far more likely to also drink heavily, and put themselves at risk for alcohol abuse and alcoholism. Even the neighborhood around the home seems to influence consumption patterns, and people brought up in or who reside in neighborhoods of heavy abuse are also more likely to use and abuse alcohol themselves. Nothing about alcoholism is completely understood, and all we know is that the variables that can induce alcohol abuse and ultimately alcoholism are many, and that what may cause alcohol dependence in one, seem to have little influence over another. We all present with an individual risk profile for our susceptibility to the disease, although those people with a genetic history of alcoholism are undoubtedly at an increased risk to develop the disease. Regardless of the factors that may induce the occurrence of the disease, the treatments are essentially the same, and alcoholics need intervention, intensive treatment, and long term aftercare therapies. Most alcoholics will never be capable of drinking in moderation, and abstinence is the only recommended philosophy of use for people with alcoholic histories. Page last updated Sep 23, 2012

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Reality in everyday usage means "everything that exists". The term reality, in its widest sense, includes everything that is, whether it is observable, comprehensible, or self-contradictory by science, philosophy, or any other system of analysis. Reality in this sense may include both being and nothingness, whereas existence is often restricted to being (compare with nature). In the strict sense of Western philosophy, there are levels or gradation to the nature and conception of reality. These levels include, from the most subjective to the most rigorous: phenomenological reality, truth, fact, and axiom. Other philosophies, particularly those founded in eastern religions like Hinduism and Buddhism have different explications of reality. Conceptions of reality in Buddhism include: dharma, paramattha dhamma, samsara and maya (illusion in Sanskrit). == Phenomenological reality =

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Myrlie Evers-Williams, widow of civil rights activist Medgar Evers, will deliver the invocation at President Barack Obama's second public inauguration on Jan. 21, event organizers announced Tuesday. Evers-Williams, 79, will reportedly be the first woman and non-clergy member to deliver one of the most public prayers in America's political history. "I am humbled to have been asked to deliver the invocation for the 57th inauguration of the President of the United States -- especially in light of this historical time in America when we will celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the Civil Rights Movement," Evers-Williams said in a statement released by the Presidential Inauguration Committee. "It is indeed an exhilarating experience to have the distinct honor of representing that era," she added. President Obama will be officially sworn in to his second term in office on Jan. 20 in a private ceremony, and the public ceremony including the invocation and benediction will take place on Jan. 21, on the Martin Luther King Jr. holiday. Evers-Williams' prayer will come at the beginning of the Jan. 21 inauguration ceremony, while evangelical pastor Louie Giglio, founder of the Passion movement, which teaches students about human trafficking, will deliver the benediction. According to The Washington Post, the inaugural committee released a statement saying that Obama chose to have Evers-Williams and Giglio speak because their careers "reflect the ideals that the Vice President and I continue to pursue for all Americans -- justice, equality and opportunity." Evers-Williams, a civil rights activist in her own right, served as the chairwoman of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People from 1995 to 1998, and founded the Medgar Evers Institute in Jackson, Miss. Evers-Williams is currently a Distinguished Scholar-in-Residence at Alcorn State University in Lorman, Miss. This year marks the 50th anniversary of the death of Medgar Evers, who was assassinated in June 1963 by Byron De La Beckwith, a member of the White Citizens' Council. Evers worked to end segregation at the University of Mississippi and was appoint as the state's first NAACP field secretary in 1954. As observers have noted, Obama's choice of Evers-Williams to deliver the invocation proves to be a unique move away from the traditional choice of a clergy member. For example, in 2009, well-known evangelical Christian pastor Rick Warren of Saddleback Church in California delivered the invocation at Obama's first inauguration ceremony, in what ABC News described as "inclusive but deeply religious."

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Do you (or someone you know) have a chest illness? CHSS is here to help you! This section provides information about: - Your lungs and how you breathe - The most common chest conditions: what they are and how you may feel - Tests and treatments for chest conditions - Living with a chest condition: tips to help you look after yourself and control your symptoms - Where to get help How CHSS can help you - You can talk, in confidence, to one of our Advice Line nurses - You can order / download health information resources: including booklets and factsheets - You can get support in the community through our Affiliated Chest Groups and our (pilot) COPD Support Service Find out how CHSS helped Jack after he was diagnosed with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

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World Circus Day Celebrations in 47 Countries !! Media reports, links and photos pouring in.01 May 2013 Registrations from Vietnam and Venezuela on the eve of World Circus Day resulted in events taking place in a new record of 47 countries. Many of this year’s participating circuses, festivals, clubs and cultural organisations have participated in each of the four celebrations held to date. Rambo Circus of India has become the first to be recognized as one of the Fédération Mondiale du Cirque’s “Supporting Circus and Festivals”. 2013 Photo Contest Theme Announced; World Circus Day Celebrations Registered in Ten Countries25 February 2013 The Fédération Mondiale du Cirque announced today the theme for its annual Photography Contest as: “Circus: Strength, Balance, Courage and Grace!” By popular demand, the Photo Contest will include both black and white and color photography. EN FR IT DE ES CN The editors of Planet Circus will be selecting events, images and information for the special World Circus Day edition to be published in July. Deadline for posting all photos, media links and comments on WCD to be considered for Planet Circus is Friday, 7 June 2013. Birth of Fredy Knie (1920) First performance of Swiss National Circus Knie (1919)

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First printed in E-Parent Magazine. Flash Mob Project Creates Awareness Of Environmental Sensitivities. Making Multiple Chemical Sensitivity a Household Word. By: Melva Gail Smith Having severe Asthma and trying to maintain a social life isn’t easy, but when you add the disability of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity to the combination, the challenges become even tougher. As a dancer with both Asthma and MCS, I was forced to give up the sport for 15 years before finding a group of line dancers that were considerate enough to cut back on wearing chemically scented products which trigger reactions in both conditions. Dance had always been a part of my healthy life style, and I often practiced Ballroom Dancing 4 or 5 days a week, participated in showcases, and had entertained at a nursing home and mall. Just as my young life seemed to be taking off, illness struck; making it impossible for me to be around scented products that were unfortunately heavily associated with the glamour of dancing. Having to give it up entirely was emotionally devastating to me as it had always been my life’s passion. Anyone who has lost a significant part of their life’s enjoyment due to disability barriers can certainly relate to the sudden traumatic impact it can have. The experience was so gut wrenching that it was impossible to watch a movie with dancing in it without bursting into a flood of tears. The next 15 years were lived with only memories of better times, as without dance; life suddenly lost it’s spark. Knowing the uplifting emotional benefits dancing has, one of my doctors suggested that I search and keep on searching until I found a place I could dance at without having immediate major reactions. It was during a time of trial that a friend persisted to suggest places I might go. Despite the risks, I agreed to meet them at Dancin’ Nuts, a local line dance group, where many of the dancers soon become considerate of my condition. The day that I began to take classes again was so uplifting that it was like experiencing a rebirth, and I never quit going back. It didn’t take long for me to realize that there were other dancers there who had the same disability and had found it to be a somewhat more MCS friendly environment. What I didn’t know at the time was that there was going to be a silver lining to my story, as I was about to be given the unique opportunity to participate in a MCS awareness campaign that would span across the globe. When I heard dance choreographer Ira Weisburd was collecting videos from around the world for The Flash Mob Project and would be splicing them together into one large documentary film, I wanted to participate. I had never been in a flash mob before and it sounded like a lot of fun. A group called The Nuts and Honey’s Dance Club, that also produces a TV show by the same name on Insight Channel 98; was going to record the Kentucky segment. They were asking for dancers from the Louisville and Southern Indiana area to meet at a festival to perform Ira Weisburds line dance “Shuffle Boogie Soul,” to the song “Honky Tonk,” by Preston Shannon. Everyone was learning the steps, and it was a really exciting time for me. Getting to the film site was a challenge in itself, as it was filmed near one of Louisville’s more polluted industrial areas. This fact almost kept me from going, but I managed to get to the site and through the dance despite having both immediate and delayed reactions that went unnoticed by others. After the video was submitted, Ira asked dancers to share any special stories they had associated with the project, and these were posted on a website next to the video’s. When my story posted next to the Kentucky video, so many e-mails were received from around the world inquiring about the condition; that Ira created the Breathe Freely Campaign to create an awareness about MCS and perhaps promote a more breathe freely attitude. An instructor in California e-mailed the story to his entire class, as one of his students also had it. It was incredibally wonderful to see this information shared with others, and the seldom heard of MCS becoming a household word. Being in the Flash Mob Project is one of the most uplifting and significant high points of my life, and the MCS community is fortunate to have someone like Ira create the much needed campaign; which continues to generate an awareness of this disabling and often misunderstood condition. For those who have never heard of MCS, it is the inability of the body to readily detoxify and eliminate chemicals found in the everyday environment. These chemicals then go on to store in the liver, brain and fatty tissues of the body. Patients often detect and react adversely to very small amounts of toxins that may go unnoticed by healthy people. According to an article by Dr. Martin Pall that was published in the 3rd edition of “General and Applied Toxicology”, pages 2303-2352: chemicals can actually start a biochemical vicious cycle that makes us something like 1000 times more sensitive to these same types of chemicals . People carrying certain forms of genes that have roles in detoxifying these chemicals are often much more susceptible to this chemical sensitivity known as MCS. Unfortunately, MCS is a socially isolating condition with symptoms that can be triggered by everyday products such as lawn spray, pesticides, cleaning products, chemically scented products and a polluted environment. It can involve the respiratory and central nervous system, create musculoskeletal and digestive problems, as well as cause cognitive impairment just to name a few. With reactions ranging from memory loss and confusion to muscle weakness and pain, it can become so severe that it makes it near impossible for the patient to participate in any meaningful activity. Unlike Asthma, there are no medications to help prevent an attack. In fact, many people with MCS become homebound and live on a daily basis with chronic fatigue and other disabling symptoms. Those with a severe case can become homeless and unable to tolorate standard building material and home furnishings. Total avoidance of environmental triggers and wearing a face mask are the most common methods used to help manage it. Pall, who is Professor Emeritus of Biochemistry and Basic Medical Sciences at Washington State University has given dozens of scientific talks on MCS in seven countries around the world. He states that the diverse different types of chemicals implicated in MCS all appear to be able to produce a similar toxic response in the body, too much activity of certain receptors in the body known as NMDA receptors. “We have, now a detailed mechanism for how this leads to the stunning chemical sensitivity known as MCS. There have been many claims that MCS is a psychological response, but we know now that this is false. It is a biochemical and physiological response of the body to chemical exposure” Pall states. Asthma on the other hand is a different story in that there are medications on the market that can help prevent attacks, or stop one once it has started. While Asthma can be exercise induced, an aerobic workout can also be beneficial as it enables the lung to receive oxygen that is then transported to the blood and circulated throughout the body. One form of exercise that helps improve lung function in this manner is dance. It doesn’t matter if it is Ballroom, Zumba, or Line Dancing, as long as it is fast enough for one to reach an aerobic state. According to the National Lung and Blood Institute, “Aerobic activity makes your heart beat faster than usual. You also breathe harder during this type of activity. Over time, regular aerobic activity makes your heart stronger and able to work better.” Strenuous dance can actually double blood volume and oxygen to the brain as well as strengthen bones in both the hips and legs. Everyone should be given the equal opportunity to participate in dance. The many benefits of dancing has been well documented and includes but is not limited to: increased circulation, enhanced mood, improved range of motion, increased confidence, weight loss, lower risk of cornary disease, increased HDL, and the joy of social contact. “Dancing is one of the healthiest hobbies you can have.” Ira Weisburd said when asked about it’s health benefits. “I have been teaching seniors for more than 30 years and I can tell you that it has added years to their lives. I have several students in their 90′s and they are living proof that dancing prolongs life,” Ira said. To read more about The Flash Mob Project and the Breathe Freely Campaign, go to hannaian.com/sbsvideos/breathefreely.html. After the writing of this article I started a petition, asking the Olympic committee to make the Olympics and their affiliated organizations scent-free. This should include ballroom dancing and open up classrooms for many who find scented products a disability barrier. To view, sign and pass the petition on to others, visit http://www.gopetition.com/petitions/ban-scented-products-in-the-olypmics-and-affiliated-org.html

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Characterizing the radioresponse of pluripotent and multipotent human stem cells. The potential capability of stem cells to restore functionality to diseased or aged tissues has prompted a surge of research, but much work remains to elucidate the response of these cells to genotoxic agents. To more fully understand the impact of irradiation on different stem cell types, the present study has analyzed the radioresponse of human pluripotent and multipotent stem cells. Human embryonic stem (ES) cells, human induced pluripotent (iPS) cells, and iPS-derived human neural stem cells (iPS-hNSCs) cells were irradiated and analyzed for cell survival parameters, differentiation, DNA damage and repair and oxidative stress at various times after exposure. While irradiation led to dose-dependent reductions in survival, the fraction of surviving cells exhibited dose-dependent increases in metabolic activity. Irradiation did not preclude germ layer commitment of ES cells, but did promote neuronal differentiation. ES cells subjected to irradiation exhibited early apoptosis and inhibition of cell cycle progression, but otherwise showed normal repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Cells surviving irradiation also showed acute and persistent increases in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that were significant at nearly all post-irradiation times analyzed. We suggest that stem cells alter their redox homeostasis to adapt to adverse conditions and that radiation-induced oxidative stress plays a role in regulating the function and fate of stem cells within tissues compromised by radiation injury.

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|Black-sided Meadow Katydid - Conocephalus nigropleurum| Order Orthoptera - Crickets, Grasshoppers & Katydids / Family Tettigoniidae Live adult katydids photographed at Winfield, DuPage County, Illinois. Size = 15mm Insects | Spiders | Beetles | Butterflies | Moths | True Bugs | Flies | Bees & Wasps Katydids are large, usually green insects with long antennae and large wings, eminently capable of flight. Most katydids are well-camouflaged in foliage and become virtually invisible amidst greenery the identical color. Family Tettigoniidae contains about 6000 species in 1070 genera. This from Tree of Life: "Katydids are found on all continents except Antarctica and in an assortment of habitats from tropical forests (Heller 1995) and peat bogs (Vickery and Kevan 1985) to montane alpine zones 'far above the last outposts of trees'. Within these habitats, virtually all tettigoniids are associated with vegetation, particularly during inactive periods when the insects retreat into (or onto) leaves. Order Orthoptera - Crickets, Grasshoppers & Katydids There are more than 20,000 species in the order Orthoptera. These diverse insects are found worldwide, although their numbers are concentrated in the tropics. North American Insects & Spiders Explore over 7,000 close-up photos and information on over 700 species commonly found in North America. Live insects & spiders photographed in the wild. Insects and Spiders | Orthoptera Index | Spiders | Beetles | Butterflies | Moths

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http://www.cirrusimage.com/orthoptera_katydid_Conocephalus.htm

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ANM uses specific ports for its processes. Figure A-1 illustrates a typical ANM server deployment in a network. This illustration identifies the protocols and ports used by the different network devices in a typical deployment. •Table A-1 lists the ports used for ANM client (browser) or ANM server and ANM high availability communication. •Table A-2 lists the ports used for communication between ANM and managed devices. Figure A-1 ANM Server Deployment Table A-1 Ports Used by ANM in a Network Deployment1 Default port if ANM is configured for access using HTTP (using anm-installer). Default port if ANM is configured for access using HTTPS (using default install option). MySQL Database system (ANM HA installation opens this port to communicate with the peer ANM). TCP (10444) and TCP (10445) ANM License Manager (ANM HA installation opens these two ports to communicate with the peer ANM). Port used by ANM server to communicate to Email Gateway through SMTP. Port used by ANM server to send out trap notification to external NMS application. 1It is highly recommended that you run ANM on a stand-alone device. However, if you run ANM on a shared device, please note that ANM locally opens the following ports for internal communication:

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As trade negotiators from around the Pacific Rim gathered in Chicago and southern California to hammer out the details of a massive new trade deal, CTC and our allies were there to demand a “Fair Deal or No Deal” on the Trans-Pacific Free Trade Agreement. The Trans-Pacific FTA is currently under negotiation between the United States, Vietnam, Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, New Zealand, Australia, Chile and Peru — but is also intended as a “docking agreement” that is theoretically open to any country in the Pacific Rim. The outcome of a deal this large will influence the types of jobs available in our communities; the wages and benefits that many jobs pay; tax revenues and public services; greenhouse gas emissions and the environment; access to medicine; consumer protections; financial regulations; the health of family farms; and global migration patterns. Corporate lobbyists are pushing hard for their vision of the ideal trade agreement. The window of opportunity is short for labor, environmental, family farm, consumer, faith, immigrant rights, indigenous and other social justice activists to make our voices heard. In Chicago in September 2011, CTC worked with local, national and international partners to organize a Week of Action outside the Trans-Pacific FTA negotiations. Check out the photos online here. It’s also not too late to take action online here. Endorsing organizations (for either part or all of the week) included the Chicago Federation of Labor; Chicago Jobs with Justice; Chicago and Midwest Regional Board of Workers United; Chicago Teachers Union; Citizens Trade Campaign; Communications Workers of America (CWA); CWA National Women’s Committee; Friends of the Earth; HealthGAP; International Association of Machinists; International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers; International Brotherhood of Teamsters; Public Citizen; Service Employees International Union (SEIU); Sierra Club; Stand Up! Chicago; United Electrical Workers (UE); United Steelworkers; and many others.

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http://www.citizenstrade.org/ctc/blog/2011/08/25/help-prevent-a-nafta-of-the-pacific/

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What Children Believe Optimism at its finest, What Children Believe showcases local and international students' visions of "what's wonderful in their world" after reading and experiencing a live performance based on the award-winning book What a Wonderful World. The international art exhibit was inspired by a partnership between the nonprofit organizations Learning Through Art, Inc. in Cincinnati and little Art of Munich in Germany, which is home to the World Choir Games headquarters. What a small, wonderful world. Where: Cincinnati Public Library, Main Branch Address: 800 Vine St.

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Celebrations As Bristol City Farm Is Saved By Hitting £50K Target Bristol Evening News December 21, 2009, A city farm in Bedminster has been saved from closure thanks to the public, who have helped raise £50,000 in just five months. The four-and-a-half-acre farm was started on derelict land in 1976 as a result of the demands of local people, and has grown to an attraction visited by 200,000 people every year. Windmill Hill City Farm, which currently employs 80 people, is a registered charity, so there is no charge for entry, but every donation helps to keep the farm operating as a free community facility for the enjoyment of the public. December 21, 2009 No Comments Fungi and Rhubarb Garden – The north facing end of the site will be in shade most of the day and most of the year. Large logs would be impregnated with fungi spores, the rhubarb and mint would be grown beneath them providing interesting food and creating am exotic and educational lunch time destination. Leadenhall City Farm By Mitchell Taylor Workshop “Parks, allotments and markets are set to spring up across Britain on the sites of building projects that have been mothballed in the recession. “Piers Taylor, of Mitchell Taylor Workshop, one of the practices shortlisted for the Leadenhall site has proposed a city farm, populated with colour-coded chickens. He wants to create grassy banks to picnic on and plant blackberry bushes amid the surrounding steel, granite and glass.” - from The Times Oct 30, 2009 November 11, 2009 No Comments By Liz Hoggard London Evening Standard June 11, 2009 Rosie Boycott — career feminist, newspaper supremo and Mayor Boris Johnson’s “Food Tsar” — is proof you can start gardening at any age. She was 51 before she picked up a spade. “Six years ago, I’d never grown a single vegetable,” she laughs. Like many frazzled Londoners, she thought growing your own was some boring activity reserved for dullards and oldies with nothing better to do. Back then her life was full of smart parties and TV appearances. The first female editor of The Independent newspapers, she socialised with actors and politicians. In 1998 she became the editor of the Daily Express. But then in 2001 she lost her job when the paper was acquired by Richard Desmond. July 12, 2009 No Comments Dig for Victory in St James’s Park’s See larger photo here. By Sam Jones The Guardian, June 30 2008 Designed for the Prince Regent by the architect John Nash, Regent’s Park is noted for its lovingly tended blooms. But soon the flower beds of that – and other London royal parks – could make way for rows of humble carrots, cabbages and globe artichokes. In a plan inspired by American cities, the royal parks are pondering the creation of a string of model allotments to give the public a living, ripening illustration of the virtues of growing your own fruit and vegetables. August 12, 2008 No Comments New report shows edible cities are the future – Edible Cities, looks at examples of urban agriculture projects in cities and identifies a series of opportunities that other cities could be adopting. The British group visited an inspiring range of projects in Milwaukee, Chicago and New York and noted a number of similarities to and differences from urban agriculture initiatives in London, including: • A commercial element to many of the US projects, which is much less common in the UK; • A more liberal situation in the US than in the UK to encourage composting, but less willingness than in the UK to include animals in some urban agriculture projects; May 25, 2008 1 Comment New British magazine. “Well Clayton in Manchester was just about the most inner city district in the country and we lived the ‘Good Life’ there. Only we didn’t really know it was the good life – it was just life. In amongst the back streets, where everything was purple from the dye works or noisy and full of smoke from the wireworks, we had hens and their eggs, pigs for their meat, and by the river there was an old man who kept sheep with whom we’d do a swap – a clutch of plucked hens for half a lamb. “Within sight of my bedroom you could see the remains of Manchester United’s first stadium, the power station, a dozen factories, including the one that the Germans bombed, my school, rows of back to back houses and a few dozen little farms, because we all did our own. Own food, own furniture, own everything really.” April 14, 2008 No Comments “Planting was completed in Spring 2002 and the garden is now well established. In an area of 200 m2, over 120 species of perennial plants from around the world thrive in soil only 30cm deep. The garden supports a range of layers, from roots, through small shrubs to our miniature version of a canopy layer. Most have multiple uses: food, medicine, fuel, fibre, construction, dye, scent. “The garden demonstrates many ways we can all reduce our environmental footprint. Features include: composting of kitchen waste from the Global Cafe, irrigation using harvested rainwater pumped by renewable energy from a solar array and wind turbine, use of recovered soil and recycled newspaper, wood, stone and plastic in its construction.” March 31, 2008 No Comments

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Documentary ‘a call to action,’ filmmaker says Unmasked Judeophobia – The Threat to Civilization, a documentary that examines the rise of anti-Jewish ideology around the world, was screened by the Friends of Simon Wiesenthal Center for Holocaust Studies (FSWC) on Jan. 15. The film, which drew a packed audience, focuses on the proliferation of anti-Israel bias in academia and cultural institutions, misinformation campaigns and state-sanctioned denials of Israel’s right to exist. According to the documentary’s website, “this is not just a war against the State of Israel. This current political assault is against the Jewish People and their right to self-determination… Jews are facing the possibility of the uprooting of the very idea that there should be a nation state of the Jewish People.” Gloria Greenfield, the film’s director, travelled from Israel to Europe to North America to cover this phenomenon from all angles. She interviewed more than 70 experts, including Harvard Law School Professor Alan Dershowitz, Senator Joe Lieberman, former American UN ambassador John Bolton, human rights activists Natan Sharansky and Irwin Cotler, British attorney Anthony Julius, Middle East senior fellow Caroline Glick and Israeli Deputy Prime Minister Moshe Ya’alon. Among the appalling incidents and remarks targeting Jews highlighted in the film, one scene alludes to Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s comment that Israel must be wiped off the map. On this issue, Greenfield refers to Alvin Rosenfeld, director of the Institute for the Study of Contemporary Antisemitism in Indiana, who says, “One of the lessons of the Holocaust is that we have to be literalists. When we hear somebody say, ‘Kill the Jews,’ we have to realize they probably mean it.” Greenfield has said in interviews that she considers the film to be “a call to action” and an urgent reminder that antisemitism is a danger not only to Jews, but to the human race. When asked why FSWC chose to screen the documentary, education associate Stephanie Eldridge said the organization “is extremely concerned about the rise of global antisemitism and feels that it is important to understand it, as well as raise awareness about it.” She said Unmasked Judeophobia speaks “intelligently and authoritatively to the very real and serious problem that FSWC works daily to counter. It is also a wonderful complement to our newly launched workshop on contemporary antisemitism called “The Canary in the Coal Mine: antisemitism old and new” now being offered to the thousands of students in the public, private and Catholic boards of education” in the Toronto area. Eldridge said she hopes the audience “learned more about the nature of antisemitism in the world today and came away with a desire to act. For FSWC to succeed in our efforts to eradicate all forms of blind hatred, antisemitism included, we rely on the support of individuals who are both informed and driven to act.” The next FSWC community event will be held Feb. 12 and will tie into Black History Month. With a focus on the topic of “Black Germans and the Holocaust,” Pat Wright of the Hamilton Centre for Civic Inclusion will examine the lives of black people living in Germany under the Third Reich.

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Medieval engineers knew their stuff. If they couldn't hit what they were aiming at consistantly, they would have been out of a job and quite possibly dead. I'd like to see our modern engineers build something like that while under fire. Throndor wrote:Depends on the weapon that I'm fighting against. It's an enemy fighting with a or several daggers, then a battleaxe. Longsword, I'd use a flail. Against a longbow, I'd use a longbow. Against a crossbow, I'd use a longbow. Against a flail, I'd use throwing knives. Spear, I'd use a pike and dagger. Pike, I'd use a longbow. Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 0 guests

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Thorfinn Eiriksson of Ugleborg Thorfinn Eiriksson is the ninth Earl of the Ugleborg (ugle=owl), a stronghold in a valley in the south of Garheim. The Ugleborg is located near Ugleheim, a small village located only two miles from the Lenfald village Falkerby, which is protected by the stronghold Falkerborg. During the last three centuries, relations between the Ugleborgs and the Falkerborgs have been surprisingly good, for reasons which will later be revealed. Therefore, armed conflicts between the Ugleborgs and the Falkerborgs are very rare. Not surprisingly, the Ugleborgs have the worst attendance record for Garheim-expeditions against Lenfald and the Falkerborgs fight Garheim only reluctantly too. However, when Garheim is under attack or takes up arms against Loreos, the Garheim-rulers can always count on the Earls of the Ugleborgs. Although their contribution to the army is small in numbers, the fearless Ugleborg soldiers has often played a crucial role in battle. Despite his young age (he is just in his thirties) Thorfinn Eiriksson is already well-known for his courage and his skills in sword-fighting. Rumor has that the Ugleborgs are descendants of the disappeared daughter of king Alphundus (who wielded the sword even better than any of her brothers), although the Ugleborgs themselves have never made any reference to this story whatsoever.

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Summary for the Busy Executive: Welcome back. In the Fifties and Sixties, the Louisville Orchestra, under the guidance of its director Robert Whitney and with the support of the Ford Foundation, embarked on one of the most enterprising commissioning and recording series of its time. Whitney had wide-ranging interests. Although he concentrated on American composers, he did not confine himself to them. Like most talented commissioners, he seemed to know whom to ask for work. Louisville premièred live performances or recordings of scores by Martinů, Milhaud, Hindemith, Bloch, Ibert, Foss, Hovhaness, Chou Wen-Chung, Riegger, Sessions, Mennin, and Piston, among many others. First Editions has repackaged many of the original recordings, and, thank goodness, in a rational way. Here we have a selection of work by British composers. The Bliss and the Rubbra were Louisville commissions. All four recordings were premières. The Louisville First Edition series constituted an important part of my musical education 'way back when – an easy, mostly painless introduction to 20th-century music. Whitney, a Britisher himself, knew the English scene quite well and could dig a bit deeper to find more than the usual suspects. Sir Arthur Bliss made his biggest splash in the Twenties and Thirties as an aggressive British Modernist, aligning himself with Stravinsky and the younger French. His Modernism, however, turned out mostly superficial – a matter of concept, really – and his links to Elgar and late Romanticism soon became apparent. In the Thirties, he was eclipsed by Vaughan Williams and Walton, in the Fifties by Britten. However, he succeeded Bax as Master of the Queen's Music, and his postwar music, with the exception of his oratorio Morning Heroes (a work that comes out of his experience of the First World War), remains the period of his work that interests me most. Discourse belongs to this period. Despite his Romantic language, I find a strongly objective, "illustrative" quality to his music. The music may build powerful climaxes, but this does not usually indicate any sort of personal catharsis. It's as if he observes emotions at a remove, rather than feels them himself. I don't condemn, I merely describe the peculiar atmosphere of his music. For this reason, I think, some of his most successful work he wrote for ballets and film scores. Usually, these genres attract composers weak in structure, but that's certainly not the case with Bliss. Indeed, most of his music shows a strong architectural interest, and even playfulness. One sees this in the Discourse, which combines features of a variation set with a symphonic movement. Bliss later revised the score, not necessarily for the better (he cut out my favorite section), and this is the original version. It's a score of great color and energy, but not necessarily of great depth. Edmund Rubbra has an artistic personality almost the exact opposite of Bliss' – sober, serious, and introspective. Rubbra studied with Holst and through him became enamored of the counterpoint of the Tudor composers, which he has applied to modern classical forms. He's a terrific symphonist, not all that interested in theater, and his music characteristically meditates, rather than sings or dances in the usual way, although it has both beauty and rhythmic interest. Much of the time it unfolds like an Elizabethan fantasia. The Improvisation for violin and orchestra, one of his finest scores, typifies his output. It proceeds in long, lyrical lines – although the composer may not have conceived it that way. For the lines consist of little bits of ideas, which Rubbra combines and recombines into new long melodies. Unlike many other composers who work in this fashion, Rubbra never leaves you in doubt as to where you are. Indeed, the effect of the score is that of a long melody played under different moods. The effect, in a good performance, is one of spontaneous inspiration. The score, however, shows the amount of work that went into achieving that effect. Malcolm Arnold began his career as an orchestral trumpet player and virtuoso. His scores brim with the kind of practical, professional knowledge that players love. However, this quality sometimes got in the way of critics, who used to attack him as slick. His considerable income as a film composer didn't help. Musically, Arnold belongs to the Walton wing of British music. Unlike Walton, however, he feels the influence of Mahler, especially drawn to the inclusion of "low" elements in serious contexts. Early on, critics and audiences alike felt disoriented and put off, just as their counterparts had with Mahler. This also contributed to the low level of Arnold's stock and the undervaluing of many of his scores. With the appearance, however, of the seventh symphony, this assessment has been revised upwards. Arnold has written at least twenty concerti, many of them for his friends or for players he admired. The concerto for two violins, commissioned by Menuhin, stands as one of his best. Although it lacks the composer's characteristic vulgarity and raucous humor, it compensates by a beautifully tight argument, contrapuntally advanced. Arnold wrote it in memory of his two brothers, which accounts for its sober (though neither stolid nor pompous) tone. It's so well-written that it brings to mind the Bach d-minor for two violins. The violins weave in and out in quasi-fugato and stretto. The accompanying strings provide lean, muscular support. The slow movement crowns the work: an intense, long-lined aria based on two related ideas, so that it becomes nearly monothematic. One point of interest: the finale is a rhythmic rewrite of the opening movement. Like Malcolm Arnold, John Addison studied with Gordon Jacob at the Royal College of Music. After making a splash in the early Fifties with such scores as his ballet Carte Blanche, he became increasingly involved with theater and film. He scored John Osborne's Luther and The Entertainer and won the Academy Award for his music for Tom Jones. In the Seventies, he disappeared into movie and TV work in Los Angeles, coming up with the main title for, among other things, Murder, She Wrote. I wouldn't hold it against him. All the concert work by Addison I've heard has run on the light side, not excepting the trumpet concerto. He reminds me more of a French composer like Ibert or Françaix, full of blithe spirits, than the Modern British. The concerto, a masterpiece of light music, allows the trumpet to saunter down the boulevards, like Charles Trenet. It's more important than profound: it's loveable. Paul Kling and Peter McHugh give a stirring performance of the Arnold, while Harth sings with warmth and intelligence in the Rubbra. Trumpeter Leon Rapier is appropriately cheeky in Addison's concerto. The Louisville never was a first-rank orchestra, but it worked heroically on behalf of, by definition, unfamiliar scores. The sound isn't super-swell, but it is acceptable. For those who care, the Rubbra and the Bliss are in mono. However, I believe only the Arnold and the Rubbra are currently available in modern sound. Even so, this remains a classic set of recordings. Copyright © 2008, Steve Schwartz

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bqt at softjar.se Mon Nov 8 10:53:12 CST 2010 On 11/05/10 19:13, "Chuck Guzis"<cclist at sydex.com> wrote: > On 3 Nov 2010 at 20:47, Johnny Billquist wrote: >> > Ok. So, a program would think it addressed a memory space, which was >> > it's own, and the addresses it used would in no way related to the >> > actual physical memory it ended up referring to. I'd call that virtual >> > memory. Although, having to map the whole virtual memory as one chunk >> > to physical memory makes it a little more work, end less flexible than >> > having pages. And it pretty much prevents you from ever being able to >> > share memory in a reasonable way between processes. > Well, not really. I refer you to the CDC 7000 SCOPE 2 operating > system. There's a users' manual on bitsavers, but I suspect the > design notebooks have long vanished from the face of the earth--so > there's no documentation on the innards. I tried to find any manuals on bitsavers, but I can't see anything about a CDC 7000 there... But while I can see that doing shared memory would be possible even with a single mapping between virtual and physical address space, it would mean you need to copy data between different locations between each context switch, which would be rather heavy. > At any rate, the CDC 7600 OS people had a peculiar problem. On the > 6000 series of machines, PPUs are free-range; they have access to all > of memory and at the time (say, 1968), comprised most of the > operating system--there was almost no CPU code involved. You'd stick > a request into your own location 1 and PP 0 would see it and detail > off the work to the rest of the PPs. Very cool--you never gave up > control of the CPU unless it was to yield to the job scheduler. Gah. I have no idea what PPU mean, nor PP. But it sounds like what you describe now would not be virtual memory. If each process have access to all of the memory, then you'd not have your own address space. Instead you'd have to make sure you kept within your bondaries. Hopefully the hardware can assist with that, but maybe not. But that is still something else. It's basically just talking about physical memory. But I might very well totally be misunderstanding things here, since (as I said) I don't know what these acronyms really mean. > But this wasn't possible on the 7600, as each PP was assigned its own > hard-wired slot in CPU memory and was unable to access anything but > that. So the 7600 PPs were detalled off to I/O only. (Now, I'd call > that memory-mapped I/O--you want to to talk to a certain I/O > processor, you communicate with it through a hardware-fixed location > in memory.) Which left the CPU to handle OS tasks such as job > scheduling and file management. A whole new can of worms, as SCM > (the memory that a program could execute from was very fast, but > somewhat limited). To me, the difference between shared memory I/O and memory mapped I/O is about how the notification comes across between the subsystems. Is the slave triggered by a write to the memory, or does the slave poll the memory location. If the slave polls the memory location, then I'd called it a shared memory design. If the slave gets triggered by a write to the memory, then I'd call it memory mapped I/O. And what you describe here could further be called I/O channels, I think, in IBM speak. Basically, separate processors running their own code, which can do limited kind of stuff, mostly related to I/O functions for the main processor. Some of these designs even allowed you to place the "program" to be run in shared memory, and then kick off the I/O processor to do the work, and it signalled back when it was done. But I digress... :-) > A small permanently-resident "kernel" to handle PP commination and > task swapping was written, but job processing, file management, etc. > was performed for each job with a sort of matryoushka doll setup of > overlapping field lengths. In other words, a user program was > completely enclosed within the record manager which was completely > enclosed within a buffer manager which was completely enclosed within > the job supervisor for that job. So all user memory was shared with > successively higher privilege level tasks, differing only at what > location their respective location 0s were assigned to physical Ah, yes. That is also shared memory between different processes, but in a somewhat limited hierarchical way. You could for all OSes say that any process is always sharing it's memory with the operating system. :-) > The 7600 also had a bulk core "LCM" which couldn't be executed from, > but served for swapping and data storage. > As far as piecemeal swapping, I'll leave that for another time when I > discuss the CDC Zodiac operating system (1970), something for which I > suspect no documentation survives. Sounds like fun... More information about the cctalk

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Asthma Outreach and Education Clean Air Council is currently working in medically under-served communities of Philadelphia to educate asthma patients of all ages, parents, and health care professionals about indoor and outdoor environmental asthma triggers. Asthma is a chronic condition of the lungs that makes people more sensitive to air pollution. Asthma is caused by genetics and exposure to pollution, allergens, and toxins found in indoor and outdoor air. The Council provides information on basic asthma health, air pollution and health, indoor air quality checklists, and the tools available for reducing pollution in your community. The Council has materials created especially for eduacting children, including an interactive asthma triggers game and coloring books. The Council also works to connect community members with free or low-cost health and asthma management services throughout the city. In addition to offering materials, the Council can also provide your community group or health care organization with a free workshop on indoor and outdoor air pollution, how it affects health, and the many low- to no-cost strategies for reducing exposure. Feel free to contact us should you like to schedule a workshop or have any questions about how we can meet the needs of your organization.

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Dec 6, 2011 The following is an excerpt from the introductory comments at the Solar in New York event. For the future success of solar energy, it’s vital that all of us, regardless of our political colors, make sure that solar is apolitical. I can hear the snickering already; what about Solyndra? Let me assure you that there will be more Solyndras, just as there will be more Deepwater Horizons. There is, in fact, a platform even farther out in the Gulf of Mexico called Blind Faith and also owned by BP. The difference between Solyndra and Deepwater Horizon is 20 billion dollars. Solar energy is too vital for it to become the domain of party line politics. Let me explain why briefly. We need to wake up to the power of solar energy. We are about 93 million miles away from the sun but even from 93 million miles out, the Sun is so powerful it showers us with 9,000 times the energy we use. It is virtually inexhaustible and available everywhere. We can extract its energy directly, so we don’t need fire or water to use it. The process is so benign that each of us can have a solar-energy power station on our roofs, and the EPA will not have to hold environmental-impact hearings. I believe that Solar is at the beginning of its invention cycle—sort of like where the PC was in the early 80s, just before it took off. At the time, I bought my first PC. Co-workers and IT heads were saying, “What you going to do with that toy.” Well, I built a company of over 100 employees with that toy. Back then, every new chip was so dazzling it made front page news. Those chips don’t hold a candle to what’s in your Smartphone today; let alone what’s in your computer. The same kind of thing is starting to happen now with solar panels. Some quick examples. The most advanced solar cells now on the market have an energy conversion ratio of 20%, well above the market average of 12 to 18%. Sharp Corporation has achieved 36% in experimental units. Last April, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory produced a solar cell with an efficiency level approaching 50%. Note how the technology advances are accelerating now that solar energy is finally gaining traction. We are at the technology breakout point. The PC changed many industries and created many jobs and even new industries. So too will Solar. Solar is a powerful job creator. Each megawatt of solar creates 10 installation jobs and 20 technology and management jobs. We can’t let what happened to the climate change debate happen to Solar. That’s why we must be careful not to politicize the process of getting solar energy accepted. Solar is America’s, and indeed our planet’s, next big tech transformation. Ran Kohn is Executive Director of Cleantech Corridor

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Bachhuber was introduced by Cleveland Councilman Dale Hughes, owner of the Mountain View Inn where the corporate executive has resided for more than six months. The Wacker VP said he and his wife have now purchased a residence here, and his two college-age children will be arriving soon from Germany and England to spend the summer. Hughes pointed out Bachhuber has 22 years of management experience and was manager of Wacker’s operation in China before coming to Bradley County. The city official also surprised the guest speaker with a birthday cake. Bachhuber said after the luncheon that he didn’t know how they found out it was his birthday, although Wacker communications manager Amanda Plecas had a sly smile. Wacker’s site manager said, “I want to let you know what Wacker is doing here.” He quickly added, “You can do a lot with $1.8 billion,” the anticipated cost of this major project. “This is a big vision Wacker has here, and we believe mankind needs this kind of technology and we need the raw material for polysilicon. Our project here has huge potential.” The company’s top executive in Bradley County says he has always been involved with managing plants (for Wacker). He added that he gets them up and running and also builds new plants. He emphasized Wacker currently has 20 percent of the world’s polysilicon market, and that share is growing. “We are active all over the world,” Bachhuber said. “We are one of the world’s largest producers.” The site manager said the company’s plant in Burghausen, Germany, is its largest, adding that the north Bradley County plant will be of comparable size. He also displayed a video of the German plant, which shows how it dominates the nearby residential community. Bachhuber explained the process which leads to polysilicon. He said it begins with quartz, adding that there is plenty of quartz in the world and we’ll never run out. The plant will distill the ore from 98 percent to 99.99 percent pure. The plant manager said there are several steps in this distillation process. “Our customers will then take our product, crystalize it and cut it into bricks,” Bachhuber explained. He said the bricks are then cut into wafers which are used to make cells which can produce electricity. Much of the final steps of the process are completed in China, although it can be done elsewhere. The Wacker official said Charleston will be the company’s third production site. “We can expand all three of these sites,” he said of future growth needs. “There is a huge potential right now in this business and the market is growing dramatically in the U.S., in China and around the world.” One of the reasons for coming to Bradley County was the availability of energy from the Tennessee Valley Authority. “TVA has been doing a great job providing us electricity,” Bachhuber said. He pointed out the need of 24-hour electricity for the ore cooking process. “We can’t shut down the process at night,” he said in answering an inquiry as to why the company doesn’t use solar power. He said there will be more than 30 buildings at the plant site. There are 700 to 800 workers at the site during preliminary stages of construction. The plant manager said there are 200 employees on board, there will be 400 next year and 650 when production starts up. Bachhuber informed the crowd the first big tanks arrived on site last week, and he apologized for any impact the construction project will have on traffic in the Charleston and north Bradley County area. Initial production from the plant is anticipated at the end of 2013. The site manager said there are many advantages of locating in Southeast Tennessee, “We hope to impact the whole region,” he said. “What we were looking for (in locating here) was energy (TVA), a labor pool and support.” Bachhuber displayed a series of videos giving Kiwanis Club members an update on progress of plant construction. The display began with site preparation and continued to the addition of buildings, the huge tanks and columns. In a question-and-answer session, Bachhuber politely dodged a question about the possibility of tours at the plant site. “We’re currently trying to focus on the project and safety issues,” he said. He said there are currently 70 or so new employees in Germany for training. “They are mixing well with the local residents,” he said. “One has even become quarterback on the community’s football team.” Asked about the company’s involvement in the community, Bachhuber said Wacker is developing a local program. “That role will grow,” he said of future potential.

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The Diocesan Social Action through the 5 Catholic Commissions working within the eight counties of the Diocese of Cleveland seeks to shape a more caring society and a more peaceful world through justice education, advocacy, community development and organizing. Our work is based on the call of the Gospel to work for the respect and dignity of all human life, the elimination of poverty, to speak out against injustice, and to promote the common good. Readings and Psalms for this Month Pope Benedict XVI issues new encyclical, Caritas in Veritate (Charity in Truth): Please Advocate for Full Medicaid Expansion! Call or write your members of the General Assembly See Catholic Conference of Ohio Action Alert See letters to Governor and members of General Assembly Find Special Events for your County |Lorain||Council on Global Solidarity| |Campaign for Human Development| Society’s concern for the environment requires that we Catholics examine our own stewardship of God’s creation and our responsibility to those after us. Echoing numerous appeals from the Holy See and U.S. Catholic bishops in this regard, we have a need to take seriously the need to educate and raise questions about new methods of drilling in Northeast Ohio which have the promise of developing jobs, but also have the prospect of damaging the environment for future generations. Read more… In 2004, the State of Ohio became responsible for regulating oil and gas wells. For more information regarding oil and gas drilling, please visit: State Regulations are part of new energy bill: SB. 315 FracFocus (provides public access to reported chemical used for hydraulic fracturing) New York Times (drilling down series) Ohio Environmental Council: What Is Horizontal Fracking? Ohio Hydraulic Fracturing State Review, January, 2011 Con:NEOGAP | Network for Oil & Gas Accountability & Protection Action Needed on HHS Rule Opposed: Violates Rights of Conscience & Religious Freedom U.S. Bishops sharply criticize the decision by the Obama administration in which it “ordered almost every employer and insurer in the country to provide sterilization and contraceptives, including some abortion-inducing drugs, in their health plans.”...MORE Call for a Moratorium on the Death Penalty Joe D’Ambrosio was wrongfully convicted of the 1989 murder of Anthony Klann in Cleveland. Cuyahoga County prosecutors withheld 10 pieces of evidence that would have exonerated D’Ambrosio at his trial and implicated another suspect in the crime...MORE HB 160 introduced by Representatives Celeste (D) and Antonio (D), would abolish Ohio's death penalty. Other cosponsors include: Representatives Blair (R), Hagan, R. (D), Murray (D), Lundy (D), Foley (D), Garland (D), Ramos (D), Yuko (D), Heard (D), Letson (D), Boose (R), Williams (D) Catholic Conference of Ohio press statement in support of HB 160 Catholic Bishops of Ohio 2011 Statement on the Death Penalty LEGISLATIVE ADVOCACY MATERIALS 2012-13 Catholic Conference of Ohio Informational page on legislation protecting unborn life Catholic Conference of Ohio Informational page on the state budget Catholic Conference of Ohio Informational page on legislation related to Catholic education Catholic Conference of Ohio Informational materials regarding Catholic health care Ohio Here to Help This Ohio Department of Job and Family Services Resource helps Ohio's unemployed workers learn more about the programs and resources available to them, from both the government and the private sector. How to Get Help in Hard Times Cleveland Catholic Charities has an Employment and Training Office Call 216-426-9870 for more information Health Care Reform Ohio High Risk Health Insurance Pool Enrollment for Ohio’s high risk pool started on August 1st. The federal health care reform law called for the creation of temporary health insurance programs for individuals with pre-existing conditions. These high risk pools will last until 2014, when full federal reforms take effect. Ohio has designated Medical Mutual of Ohio as the entity to administer the program. Applications are available at Ohio Risk Pool or by phone at 1-877-730-1117. Hard copy application packets will also be available at the One-Stop and Benefit Bank sites throughout the state. Medical Mutual will offer plans with deductibles of $1,500 or $2,500. Coverage summaries and rate sheets for both plans, along with additional information about the program, are also available Ohio Risk Pool Ohio is expected to receive approximately $152 million to operate this high risk pool until 2014. It is estimated that this will provide funding to cover approximately 5,500 individuals, while about five times that many are eligible. For this reason, applications will be taken on a first come, first served basis. Read more on health care reform... The bishops have called for a renewed dialogue and action on comprehensive immigration reform. Find the latest statements and action alerts at the Justice for Immigrants website, www.justiceforimmigrants.org Society has a duty to defend life against violence and to reach out to victims of crime. Yet our nation’s increasing reliance on the death penalty cannot be justified. Because we have other ways to protect society that are more respectful of human life, the Catholic church supports efforts to end the use of the death penalty and, in the meantime, to restrain its use through broader use of DNA evidence, access to effective counsel, and efforts to address unfairness and injustice related to application of the death penalty. Find out what is happening locally by emailing or calling your Life and Human Dignity Read the latest statements on support for pregnant women, abortion, embryonic stem-cells and FOCA. more... U.S. Catholic Bishops' Respect Life materials U.S. Catholic Bishops' Immigration Reform Campaign U.S. Catholic Bishops' Campaign to End the Use of the Death Penalty Against U.S. Poverty Catholic Campaign Against Global Poverty Campus Website to Promote Catholic Social Teaching, Life and Transforming Our World: Our Catholic Faith in Action

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China’s inflation, which reached 5.4 percent on a year-over-year basis in March, is largely a product of that country’s desire to closely manage the renminbi-dollar exchange rate. Over the past decade and a half, China has alternated between exchange-rate pegs or controlled renminbi appreciations, and foreign-exchange reserves have poured into the country. Despite allowing the renminbi to appreciate 23 percent on balance since 2005, the flood of reserves has only accelerated, which suggests that the renminbi remains substantially undervalued. While the exact currency composition of these reserves is unknown, economists guess that China holds roughly 65 percent in dollar-denominated assets. This inflow of reserves connects China’s exchange-rate policies with its inflation problem. When companies in China acquire dollars through their exports or through inward investments, they exchange them with commercial banks in China for renminbi. The People’s Bank of China (PBoC), in turn, requires the banks to cash in the lion’s share of these dollars with the PBoC. In payment, the PBoC credits the banks with newly created renminbi reserves. The monetary base—the tinder from which inflation ignites—expands. Between 2003 and 2009, the PBoC neutralized nearly 40 percent of the impact of these reserve inflows on the monetary base by selling so-called “sterilization bonds” to banks. The monetary base, nevertheless, expanded sharply over these years. In the absence of this monetary offset, the situation would probably have been worse. The monetary base would have grown more closely in step with the foreign-exchange reserves on the PBoC’s books. Last year the situation was a little different, but still disconcerting. The PBoC’s accumulation of foreign-exchange reserves was again enormous, but it only accounted for 73 percent of the expansion in the monetary base, according to IMF data (International Financial Statistics April 2011, lines 11 through 17r). The bank’s acquisition of domestic assets accounted for a small part (4 percent) of the base expansion, and a reduction in other central-bank liabilities—including outstanding central-bank bonds—accounted for the rest. To damp inflationary pressures, the monetary authorities have raised reserve requirements and mandated bank interest rates, and they have encouraged banks to limit their lending. These actions do not affect the monetary base directly, but they limit the extent to which the monetary base can support a bigger money stock—the stuff people in China actually spend. Still, with the base growing sharply, this seems a little like blowing on a house fire. China and many other countries that closely manage their exchange rates blame commodity prices—typically expressed in dollars—and an easy U.S. monetary policy for fanning global inflation. A renminbi appreciation, as economist Dave Altig recently reminded us, would lower the renminbi prices of dollar-denominated imports to China. Even better, a renminbi float would allow China to adopt a monetary policy focused on domestic price stability. Europe implemented floating dollar exchange rates in early 1973 specifically for that purpose. That’s what floating exchange rates do.

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Pediatric Expanded Access Program-Oral Solution Monitor the safety and tolerability of efavirenz oral solution in combination with Antiretroviral Therapy for the treatment of patients age 3 to 16 years who have failed therapy or who are intolerant to their current therapy. This is an early phase trial and some specific protocol information is in progress and not publicly available at this time. (Full information is available to trial participants). |Study Design:||Allocation: Randomized Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment Masking: Open Label Primary Purpose: Treatment |Official Title:||A Noncomparative,Open, Multisite Study to Monitor the Safety and Tolerability of Efavirenz Oral Solution Given in Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in ART-naive or Experienced HIV-1 Infected Patients Age 3 to 16 Years Who Have Failed Therapy or Are Intorerant to Their Current ART Regimen|

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Primary Outcome Measures: - To determine the sensitivity of the dual-head system relative to single-head for detection of sub 10 mm breast lesions, and to determine the number of images that need to be acquired. [ Time Frame: 2 years ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ] Device: Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI) To determine the sensitivity of MBI Device: CZT semiconductor detectors Dual headed CZT semiconductor detectors If you agree to take part in this study, you will be asked to remove your clothes from the waist up and put on a gown. A female technologist will give you an injection of Tc-99m sestamibi in a vein in your arm. This is a drug routinely used for breast imaging. About 10 minutes after your injection, you will be asked to sit in a chair for about 40 minutes. The technologist will position your breast between two small cameras. The cameras will apply a very light compression to your breast to make sure there is no movement during the picture. We will take two pictures of each breast. Each picture takes 10 minutes. You will also be asked to fill out a short questionnaire. If you are found to have additional breast lesions, your doctor and radiologist will be notified so that additional imaging or biopsies can be performed.

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Pharmacy, Inc. does business as Cloney's Red Cross Pharmacy and Cloney's Prescription Pharmacy. Red Cross Pharmacy has been in operation since 1902, first under the proprietorship of Wilbur Wells. In 1921 Eugene Cloney became a partner. This was the beginning of a family owned and operated business (currently in existence for over 91 years)! In 1939 Eugene became the sole owner. Eugene opened a new store in the Fuller Building (present Red Cross location) on October In 1947, Eugene's son Donald E. Cloney joined the business. A second son, Stanley E. Cloney joined On February 3, 1963, a second location was opened, Cloney's Prescription Pharmacy, on Harrison Avenue. On February 1, 1985, Donald's son, Patrick joined the business as a partner. Patrick represents the third generation of Cloneys to operate the business. On July 1, 1998, Patrick became the sole owner of both locations. On July 1, 2002, Cloney's became a corporation. On January 1, 2004, Richard Spini became a partner. In 2010 John Backus became a partner. In July, 2011 a closed door long-term care pharmacy was added. The Way It Was by Courtney Hunt, 1/17/2006 Cloney’s Pharmacy may not seem like a legend in the history of business in Eureka, but it is. For more than a century, Cloney’s Red Cross Pharmacy has provided prescription and medical services to the community. As one of the original businesses in Downtown Eureka, Cloney’s has survived more than a century of business in an area that has seen dramatic changes in the past few decades. According to longtime owner and pharmacist Don Cloney, the Red Cross Pharmacy was created by E.W. Wells in 1902 as one of just two pharmacies in Eureka at the time. Wells and his son Willard owned and operated the business in the newly constructed Gross building at the corner of Fifth and F streets. Don’s father, Eugene, joined the pair in 1921. “The main part of business (in Eureka) was down by Second Street at that time,” Don said. “They put the drug store in the Gross building to help fill it up.” shared proprietorship of the business with Willard until his death in 1939. At that point, Eugene became the sole owner and the business became known as Cloney’s Red Cross Pharmacy. After graduating from the University of California, Berkeley, and University of California, San Francisco, as a pharmacist, Don entered the military and served in Europe during World War II. Upon his return in 1947, Don, who had worked at the pharmacy as a child, took over part of the business and worked with his father. At the time, several other pharmacies existed in Eureka, but business continued to grow “When I got out of World War II, there were six drug stores Downtown,” Don said. “In those days, you didn’t have to operate on big volume like you do nowadays.” The pharmacy truly became a family business when Stanley Cloney joined forces with his brother Don after Eugene died in 1954. From this point on, Cloney’s Pharmacy enjoyed success during a time when many businesses were experiencing prime retail years in Downtown Though enterprises like Arthur Johnson’s, Daly’s department store, Hornbrook’s Shoes and other retail stores Downtown prospered during the second half of the 20th century, business for Cloney’s followed a more steady path. “Ours was just a slow, steady increase in business as the years progressed,” Don said. “We didn’t have a lot of ups and downs. In good times and bad times, people still get sick.” As business flourished Downtown, the Cloneys started thinking about expanding their business to new medical developments on Harrison Avenue. In the first part of the century, hospitals and other medical offices were centrally located on Trinity and F streets, Don said, but in the late 1950s, the medical community moved to the newly constructed Harrison Avenue In 1961, the Cloney brothers opened Cloney’s Pharmacy across the street from St. Joseph Hospital. Today, Don’s son Patrick owns both Cloney’s Pharmacy Downtown and the pharmacy on Harrison Avenue. When his father and uncle, Stanley, retired in the mid-1990s, Patrick took full ownership of the two pharmacies and has experienced success in both locations as other businesses have come and gone. Nearby stores Arthur Johnson’s and Daly’s closed in 1995, while Redwood Bootery remained in business until this year. Other Downtown businesses slowly closed their doors over the years and now, Cloney’s is one of the last remnants of what used to be the busiest commercial area of “When I was a kid, Downtown was all there was to Eureka,” Don said. “They didn’t have Myrtletown or Henderson Center or the hospital center. Those hadn’t developed, and as they did, the Downtown area kind of diminished.” Patrick, who began working at the pharmacy after he finished his residency at UCLA in 1983, agreed with his father, but added that stores that went out of business have been replaced with others that are doing “Downtown Eureka is constantly evolving, every city is constantly evolving, this business is constantly evolving,” Patrick said. “In the last 10 years, there’s been a lot of redevelopment that’s just helped Business Downtown is different now than it was 20 years ago, but there are a lot of “good things going on,” he added. As someone who worked during the time when the Downtown area was burgeoning as a mecca for small businesses, Don believes the area is being revitalized after experiencing a slow decline for the past couple “I think that Downtown Eureka is coming back,” he said. “I don’t think it will ever be the same as it was, but I think it’s coming back.” When asked where he sees Cloney’s Pharmacy in the next 10 years, Don said, “Right where it is now.” Copyright (C) 2005, The Eureka Reporter. All rights reserved.

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The NucleoFast 96 PCR Clean-Up Kit and NucleoFast 96 PCR Plates use ultrafiltration for high recovery of nucleic acids in less than 20 minutes. The nucleic acids from the PCR reaction are collected on the filter membrane while the contaminants are filtered directly to the waste. The NucleoFast protocol is faster because it eliminates the intermediate wash steps required with silica-based purification systems. The 96 PCR Clean-Up Kit includes buffers and elution plate. The sturdy, one-piece plate is easily adapted to automated processing. The purified PCR products are suitable for most common downstream applications, including capillary sequencing, microarray spotting, restriction analysis, labeling, or cloning. Magnetic PCR Clean-up Kits—96-Well Plates NucleoMag 96 PCR Kits are magnetic bead-based kits for parallel purification of PCR products, which provide a reliable, cost- and labor-efficient tool. PCR products are selectively bound to the NucleoMag PCR Beads, while contaminants (e.g., primers, dNTPs, enzymes, salts) are washed away. Purified PCR products are eluted from the beads under low-salt conditions and are ready to use in downstream applications such as sequencing or microarray spotting. Since the magnetic bead technology provides a closed system (no transfer of sample from one well to another is necessary during the preparation), there is no risk of cross-contamination. The NucleoMag technology can be easily adapted to common laboratory automation platforms. It can be used either with static-pin separators (e.g., NucleoMag SEP) or magnetic separators integrated into robotic workstations.

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Study promoter activity using the Living Colors Fluorescent Timer, a fluorescent protein that shifts color from green to red over time (1). This color change provides a way to visualize the time frame of promoter activity, indicating where in an organism the promoter is active and also when it becomes inactive. Easily detect the red and green emissions indicating promoter activity with fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry. Easily Characterize Promoter Activity The Fluorescent Timer is a mutant form of the DsRed fluorescent reporter, containing two amino acid substitutions which increase its fluorescence intensity and endow it with a distinct spectral property: as the Fluorescent Timer matures, it changes color—in a matter of hours, depending on the expression system used. Shortly after its synthesis, the Fluorescent Timer begins emitting green fluorescence but as time passes, the fluorophore undergoes additional changes that shift its fluorescence to longer wavelengths. When fully matured the protein is bright red. The protein’s color shift can be used to follow the on and off phases of gene expression (e.g., during embryogenesis and cell differentiation). Fluorescent Timer under the control of the heat shock promoter hsp16-41 in a transgenic C. elegans embryo. The embryo was heat-shocked in a 33°C water bath. Promoter activity was studied during the heat shock recovery period. Green fluorescence was observed in the embryo as early as two hr into the recovery period. By 50 hr after heat shock, promoter activity had ceased, as indicated by the lack of green color. pTimer (left) is primarily intended to serve as a convenient source of the Fluorescent Timer cDNA. Use pTimer-1 (right) to monitor transcription from different promoters and promoter/ enhancer combinations inserted into the MCS located upstream of the Fluorescent Timer coding sequence. Without the addition of a functional promoter, this vector will not express the Fluorescent Timer. Detecting Timer Fluorescent Protein You can detect the Fluorescent Timer with the DsRed Polyclonal Antibody. You can use the DsRed1-C Sequencing Primer to sequence wild-type DsRed1 C-terminal gene fusions, including Timer fusions. Terskikh, A., et al. (2000) Science290(5496):1585–1588.

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The recent gains in commodities reflect a boom in economic growth that has consumers from Chongqing to Chicago demanding more gold, grains and gasoline. The global emergence from the Great Recession is an obvious reason for the recent strength, and it lays the groundwork for 2011 to be an exceptional year for commodities. Yet, beyond an immediate uptick in demand are deep structural changes in the market, providing plenty of room for the bulls to run. "The rally may not be for just a year. I think there are several years ahead, given the convergence of underinvestment in capacity, the rise of developing world demand and fears of inflation," says Dan Basse, president of agricultural research firm AgResource Co. East and West Scanning the landscape of demand, it is no surprise to see China as a major factor across the commodities complex. The nation is the world's largest consumer of copper, iron ore, natural rubber and zinc. In energy, as recently as the mid-1990s, China was an exporter of oil; today it is the world's second-largest importer thanks to demand doubling to 10 million barrels per day in just 10 years. It is not just China's factories that are gobbling up commodities, the country's people are, too. As China continues to embrace the benefits of world trade, there is burgeoning demand for agricultural products, so much so that U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack in February predicted China may supplant Canada this year as the primary importer of American commodities. The reason is simple: the growing Chinese middle class eats as any other middle class does, with more beef and pork on their plates. With one-fifth of the world's population, but only 7 percent of its arable land, China is destined to be a buying force in world grains too. For the first time in recent memory, China imported corn and likely needs to boost buying to rebuild its strategic grain reserves. While China dominates the conversation, sustained demand growth is coming from many other nations too. Indonesia, for instance, dropped out of OPEC in 2008, as domestic needs in the world's fourth-most populous nation transformed it from oil exporter to importer. Its demand for steel and related commodities is surging as well, supporting the infrastructure expansion its annual 6-percent GDP growth generates. Elsewhere, Brazil - once a notable corn exporter - now consumes all of its corn supply to feed a burgeoning beef industry, Basse notes. "The BRIC countries are jumping up their beef demand rather quickly and, of course, if you are consuming beef or pork or poultry, you are consuming bushels of grain turned into that," he says. While slower-growing, the United States remains the prime mover of the commodities markets. Adding to the natural demand from the improving American economy is the growing ethanol mandate. In the latest crop-year, the biofuel commanded a record 40 percent of corn crops. With the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) set to expand the maximum ethanol-gasoline blend from 10 percent to 15 percent for many vehicles, crop demands will expand even further. Even Europe is legislating greater use of ethanol to reach aggressive fleet emissions reduction targets. The European Union, once able to meet its own ethanol demands, is now slated to be a regular importer from Brazil. The recovering economy also means more pressure on metals, with the auto industry serving as a prime example. With 2009 U.S. auto sales estimated to be as much as 2 million cars below annual replacement requirements, the pent-up demand means quickening need for many metals. For instance, the average car uses 100 pounds of copper, plus palladium, platinum and/or gold for catalytic converters, as well as increasing amounts of aluminum - trimming weight to meet efficiency standards. Here too, China is an emergent force, having recently supplanted the United States as General Motors' main market. "The reason why we are here is not just a China demand story, it is more a production problem," explains Rich Nelson, director of research at Allendale Inc., a commodity research advisory firm. Bad weather is the main culprit in recent grains tightness. In particular, awful conditions slashed wheat crops around the Black Sea, with Russia's production down 33 percent in 2010, Ukraine's down 18 percent and Kazakhstan's plummeting 45 percent, Nelson notes. Other producers faced their own troubles, as crops in the United States and Argentina delivered less than estimated last year. This year, corn plantings are expected to rise, but experts expect inventories to remain tight in corn. Soybeans are not looking any better, as analysts at Minnesota's Country Hedging predict U.S. soybean stocks to fall to 35-year lows. "We are on a collision course where world grain stocks are nearing historically low levels and we need the world's farmers to plant 26 million extra acres in this year ahead," AgResource's Basse says. In most cases, planting more of one crop means transitioning out of another. However, with record prices in other crops - cotton, for example - such a shift could result in further price pressures elsewhere. Both Basse and Allendale's Nelson add that unless the weather cooperates to create nearly ideal conditions for farmers over the next plantings, the supply troubles may extend beyond 2012. Unlike prior commodity price spikes in 2008 and the late 1970s, energy cartel supply restraints are not leading the way this time around. This fact has many people believing the gains in commodities may be far more sustainable than the short-lived bubble of 2008, when oil hit $147 a barrel and corn touched record highs. While oil showed tepid price growth in 2010 and inventories started 2011 at comfortably high levels, the lack of new oil field discoveries has set the stage for a severe energy crunch, one that will require the discovery of the equivalent of four new Saudi Arabias by 2030, according to the Energy Information Agency. It appears economic recovery will again pressure energy prices, moving producers and consumers further toward alternatives such as biofuels - which will stand to reinvigorate the commodity bulls once more. "We could end up in some real dire trouble," Basse says of the real possibility of extending the current commodity crunch. "It's a year I haven't seen in my 30 years in this business." Jim Rogers: ‘The Investment Biker' Rides High on Commodities Decades worth of capacity neglect in commodities means the bull market has only started, says famed commodities investor Jim Rogers, author of Investment Biker: Around the World with Jim Rogers. "There was very little investment in productive capacity for 25 years," he says. "Look at Asia and look at the world; we're using more and more of everything. Declining supply and increased demand means higher prices. It has been going on for thousands of years and there is nothing new about it." The bear market of the late 1990s is part of the reason for the historical lack of new capacity, a situation compounded by the financial crisis of 2008, which stifled new investment just as producers were inclined to gear up, Rogers explains. While lack of new supply is most obvious in metals and energy, market participants are making a mistake if they believe agricultural commodities are immune to underinvestment. "Orange trees, coffee trees, cocoa trees take years to grow," Rogers says. "Even if you wanted to plant more wheat next year, the land has to come from somewhere and you're probably taking something else out of production - and then you worry about weather." While Rogers garnered more popular notice as the self-styled "investment biker" and "adventure capitalist" traveling the world, he made his fortune with shrewd timing of the commodities markets. "Commodities still have several years to go in a bull market," Rogers says. "Don't sell your commodities yet."

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Euro Zone July Inflation Hits Record of 4.1% Euro zone inflation jumped to another record high of 4.1 percent year-on-year in July as forecast, data showed on Thursday, but a bleak economic outlook may discourage interest rate increases this year. Price growth in the 15-nation euro area accelerated from July's 4.0 percent, moving further from the European Central Bank's target of just below 2 percent, European Union statistics office Eurostat said in its "flash" estimate for July. It was the highest inflation figure for the currency area since measurements started in 1997. Analysts polled by Reuters had expected June inflation to rise to 4.1 percent, boosted by soaring energy and food prices. Separately, unemployment in the euro zone unexpectedly edged up, in another sign of a slowing economy. Eurostat revised up the jobless rate for May to 7.3 percent from a previous reading of 7.2 percent, and said the figure held stable in June. Economists had expected June unemployment to come at 7.2 percent. The economy is burdened by a strong euro, soaring prices of food and energy, tight credit conditions and an increasingly visible slowdown in other major industrialized countries. Many economists believe the ECB will refrain from increasing interest rates again this year as slowing growth is seen taming price growth pressures, although the bank's policymakers stress the importance of anchoring inflation expectations. "Our first priority is to curb inflation," ECB Governing Council Member Nout Wellink said in an interview published on Thursday before the inflation data was released. Guy Quaden, also on the bank's Council, said in the same interview: "... it is important that the inflation expectations in the medium term remain anchored to our target." The ECB increased its main interest rate by 0.25 percentage point to 4.25 percent in early July. The ECB wants to limit the impact of growing energy and food costs on prices in the wider economy, trying to prevent what it calls a wage-price spiral. Slovenian Finance Minister Andrej Bajuk said he expected euro zone inflation to ease towards the end of 2008. "A lot depends on external shocks, on what is happening in other continents," he said late on Wednesday. Eurostat's inflation estimate contained no monthly data or detailed breakdown but separate country data has shown inflation in Germany, the euro zone's biggest economy, holding steady at 3.3 percent, the highest level since December, 1993. In Spain, a one-time boomer hit by a housing bust, inflation in July climbed to 5.3 percent from 5.1 percent in June, the highest since records began in January 1997, while Belgian July inflation hit a 24-year high of 5.9 percent.

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Brain Matures a Few Years Late in ADHD but Follows Normal Pattern A 2007 press release from the National Institute of Mental Health discusses brain development in ADHD youths. In some cases, brain development is delayed as much as three years. The full release and related video are available on the NIMH site: Brain Matures a Few Years Late in ADHD, but Follows Normal Pattern. Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD): How to Help Children with Autism Learn From Dr. Lauer and Dr. Beaulieu's talk Quick facts about Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD)/ Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) - Autism is a 'spectrum disorder' meaning that it affects children in different ways and at different times in their development. - Typically, delays and learning problems can emerge in several areas of functioning including social functioning, communication skills, motor skills, and overall intellectual potential. - Each child has their own learning style that includes specific learning challenges as well as areas of preserved skills and, at times, exceptional abilities. - Both autism and Asperger's disorder are on the same continuum but are distinct in their expression. What are the challenges students with PDD/ASD frequently experience? - Academic difficulties that can often be misinterpreted as learning disabilities. - Problems with executive functioning skills. - Difficulty in forming relationships with peers. - Emotional difficulties due to learning and social problems such as anxiety, depression, low self-esteem. - Fear of new situations and trouble adjusting to changes. - May look like or be misconstrued as attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Nonverbal Learning Disability (NLD), Oppositional-Defiant Disorder or Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Why choose US to help YOU? - Our evaluations are conducted by neuropsychologists who have been extensively trained in the early detection of autistic spectrum disorders and in the identification of specific patterns of learning strengths and weaknesses that are often associated with this condition. - Our evaluations help determine which teaching style is best suited to fit an individuals' specific learning profile; we also offer suggestions regarding compensatory educational approached. - We work as a team with other learning professionals, advocates and health professionals to enhance the child's potential for success in all settings. 'The design of truly individual treatment plans that exploit strengths and compensate for weaknesses begins with a detailed understanding of how learning is different for children with autism than for those without autism and how learning is different among children with autism.' — Bryna Siegel, Ph.D., author of Helping Children with Autism Learn For more information on current research, interventions and programs, follow us on Facebook. Coming to see you for an evaluation was so helpful and Im so happy that I did this. After struggling for years with ADHD but not knowing thats what it was and almost completely ruining our marriage because of it, your diagnosis helped more than you could know. Now I know that its not just me the diagnosis has turned our lives around and helped me feel more accomplished at work. Thanks again for everything. Sandy and Bob M.

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(OPRAH.com) -- I felt like punching Benjamin Moore in the face. My husband and I had just moved across the country, and after a flurry of big decisions, we were down to the nitty-gritty: what color to paint our new apartment. The previous tenant had gone with blood red, midnight blue, and tan -- a look I referred to as "depressed Betsy Ross." Hoping to achieve something more cheerful, we sat on the floor surrounded by dozens of paint samples -- Classic Gray or October Sky? Silken Pine or Mystic Beige? -- when all I really wanted was to be able to just flip a switch in my brain and let my rational self determine the perfect choice. It turns out, though, that for most people there is no such thing as a purely rational self. Decision making is intrinsically linked to our emotions, so much so that when a person suffers damage to her orbitofrontal cortex -- a part of the brain just behind the eyes that's strongly involved in processing emotions -- she can lose her decision-making ability entirely. (We're talking any decision, like which day to schedule a doctor's appointment or whether to use a blue or black pen.) "If it weren't for our emotions," says science writer Jonah Lehrer, author of "How We Decide," "reason wouldn't exist at all." One way our emotions help us decide is by creating a physical response to information we don't even realize we've noticed. When we slam on the brakes at the sight of an unexpected car, for example, it's because our subconscious mind has recognized danger and translated it into a flash of fear; we decide to act without any conscious thought. But our emotions can also lead us astray, as when they encourage us to give a doomed relationship another try or to keep feeding quarters into a slot machine. Since every choice represents a battle between your rational conscious and emotional subconscious minds, the key to good decision making is learning how to pick which side should win. The best decision makers let the situation guide them. The more experience you have with a particular type of decision, the safer it is to go with your intuition, since your subconscious has a wealth of reliable information from which to draw. A professional decorator would have a good instinctive sense of which colors work best for a room, for instance, but if you're a novice like me, it's good to think more analytically. Which is exactly what my husband and I tried to do: After we attempted to gauge our emotional responses to various shades of beige, we began to systematically evaluate how they looked against the door frame. We got nowhere. According to Barry Schwartz, PhD, a psychologist and professor of social theory at Swarthmore College and author of "The Paradox of Choice," we were confronting another challenge common to the modern-day decision maker: too many choices. Anyone who has stood paralyzed in the cereal aisle of the supermarket knows that even if some level of choice is crucial for happiness, too much can feel overwhelming. "We're constantly being told that we can find the best if we try hard enough, and that if we don't, it's our own fault," says Schwartz. "It's a recipe for misery." Too much choice not only makes a decision harder, he continues, but also makes it more likely that we'll regret our selection. To improve our odds of reaching decisions we feel good about, Schwartz suggests figuring out ways to reduce the options to a more manageable number. In the end, my husband and I chose Soft Chamois -- not because it stood out from all the others but because we ran out of time. The painter was scheduled to come the next day. The irony is that, after all our deliberation, it essentially looks white. A gentle, creamy white -- but white nonetheless. There was a time when I would have regretted this and tortured myself wondering if Hot Spring Stones would have looked better. But these days I'm trying instead to live Schwartz's number-one rule of decision making: that good enough is often good enough. A handy guide to weighing your options: 1. Identify your goal As David Welch, Ph.D., professor of political science at the University of Waterloo in Ontario and author of "Decisions, Decisions: The Art of Effective Decision Making," explains, "People who aren't self-reflective are going to end up making bad decisions because they don't really know what they want in the first place." Before you switch jobs, ask yourself: Do I really want a different career? Or do I just want a different boss? Don't make a decision based on the wrong problem. 2. Eliminate choices by setting standards If you're trying to buy a digital camera, list the features you'll actually use. Any camera that has them is therefore good enough for you; ignore anything fancier. Speaking of which... 3. Don't worry about finding the "best" How good you feel about your decisions is usually more important than how good they are objectively. 4. Be aware of biases They can lead smart people to make dumb decisions. For example: We hate to lose more than we like to win, which can result in behavior such as holding on to a tanking stock instead of accepting a loss. We remember vivid examples better than facts, which is why plane crashes stick in our heads more than statistics on air safety. And we're susceptible to how information is framed -- a "cash discount" is more appealing than "no credit card surcharge." Keeping these biases in mind can help you think clearly. 5. Try not to rush People tend to make poorer choices when they're in a bad mood or under a lot of stress. When facing a complex decision, use your conscious brain to gather the information you need, and then take a break. Go for a walk. Spend a half hour meditating. Take a nap. Have a beer. The idea is to give your unconscious mind some time to do its work. The decision you make afterward is more likely to be the right (or at least a perfectly acceptable) one. 6. Don't sweat the small stuff When possible, eliminate the need for decisions by establishing rules for yourself. You will go to yoga every weekend. You will not have more than two glasses of wine. You will buy whatever toilet paper is on sale. 7. Do a postgame analysis After each decision you make, ask yourself how you felt afterward and what about the experience you can apply in the future. Catherine Price is the author of "101 Places Not to See Before You Die" Subscribe to O, The Oprah Magazine for up to 75% off the newsstand price. That's like getting 18 issues FREE. Subscribe now! TM & © 2011 Harpo Productions, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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Editor's note: Laura Sessions Stepp is a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist, formerly with The Washington Post, who specializes in the coverage of young people. She has written two books: "Unhooked: How Young Women Pursue Sex, Delay Love and Lose at Both," and "Our Last Best Shot: Guiding Our Children through Early Adolescence." (CNN) -- New York City parents who are raising questions about the city's plan to expand its pilot program of dispensing contraception, including the morning-after pill, to high school students are doing what parents should do. They're asking questions. If they seek information from credible sources, they will learn that when taken within five days of intercourse, the morning-after pill Plan B, which contains one of the hormones found in regular pills, is safe and effective. They also will learn that other forms of contraception have been available in many New York City public high schools for years. This new plan, open to all, is actually designed for girls who have been hardest to reach. These young women, from poor and working-poor families, are much more likely than others to get pregnant by accident. Then, one of two things happens: A girl gets an abortion, or she has a baby she cannot support. Neither New York City's school authorities, nor Mayor Michael Bloomberg, finds those options desirable; both are quite rightly supporting the expansion. According to Joanna Kuebler of the National Assembly on School-Based Health Care, about 40% of school-based health centers in the United States are allowed by their school districts to dispense contraception. Sixty percent of centers are prohibited from doing so. Requirements for parental consent vary. New York's effort to reduce teen pregnancies appears to be among the largest and most comprehensive. What hangs some people up is the school administration's decision, during the recent pilot phase of the project, to allow parents to opt their children out of it. Parents received letters in the mail describing the program and telling them that their child would be in the program unless a parent disallowed it in writing. Only 1% to 2% of parents denied permission. It's a good bet many parents didn't read the letters, or if they did, thought their daughter wasn't having sex, or weren't sure how they felt -- so they didn't do anything. The school system took their silence as an endorsement and moved to expand the program. I think I probably would have done the same thing. But opponents said a fairer way of judging parents' attitudes would have been to require them to opt their children in if they wanted them in the program. They argued that that would require a student and parent to talk to each other about the student's sexual activity -- a good thing. Advocates for the city's plan offered a credible response. They said that many students and parents would avoid such a discussion. Absent parental approval, students who were already sexually active, or about to be, would be in the same boat as before: unable to easily acquire contraception after either consensual or nonconsensual sex. We live in one of the richest, most well-educated countries in the world, yet we have the highest teen birth rate of comparable countries. That is simply not right. Yes, parents are children's first teachers and moral guides, but they need assistance, which is what the New York City system is attempting to provide. No reliable scientific evidence shows that the availability of birth control encourages young people to start having sex earlier. And there is good evidence that the increased availability of birth control, as well as improved sex education, has lowered the teen pregnancy rate dramatically. According to data released this week by the National Center for Health Statistics, the teen birth rate in 2011 -- about one birth for every 32 girls -- is the lowest it has been since the 1940s, when the center began to track childbearing. A lower teen pregnancy rate means a lower abortion rate. Among the 7,000 girls ages 15 to17 who got pregnant last year in New York City, nine out of 10 pregnancies were unplanned, and almost two out of three resulted in abortions. For that reason alone, we should embrace New York's efforts to make all forms of contraception accessible, as well as affordable and safe. Follow @CNNOpinion on Twitter. Join us at Facebook/CNNOpinion. The opinions in this commentary are solely those of Laura Sessions Stepp.

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|More cash flow for FL’s small businesses| |Friday, 27 April 2012 11:12| The SBLF, which was established as part of the Small Business Jobs Act, encourages community banks to increase their lending to small businesses to help them grow and create new jobs. In total, the U.S. Treasury invested more than $4 billion in 332 institutions, located in over 3,000 communities in 48 states, through the SBLF program. Nationwide, financial institutions participating in the SBLF significantly increased small business lending in the last quarter of 2011 by $1.3 billion, for a total of $4.8 billion over their baseline. "This report shows that the Small Business Lending Fund is having a powerful impact," said Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Neal Wolin. "The program is helping spark new lending to local entrepreneurs looking to invest in their businesses and create new jobs." U.S. small businesses employ roughly one half of all Americans and account for about 60 percent of gross job creation. Thus, small businesses play a critical role in the U.S. economy and are central to growth and job creation. But small business owners faced disproportionate challenges in the aftermath of the recession and credit crisis, including difficulty accessing capital. The SBLF helps small businesses meet this challenge by providing capital to community banks that hold under $10 billion in assets. The dividend rate a community bank pays on SBLF funding is reduced as that bank increases its small business lending, providing a strong incentive for new lending to small businesses so they can expand and create jobs. The SBLF is one part of the State Small Business Credit Initiative (SSBCI). A key part of the Small Business Jobs Act, the SSBCI has allocated $1.4 billion to small business programs in 54 states, territories, and municipalities to help spur additional lending to small businesses and manufacturers. Last week, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act was also signed into law, which will allow Main Street small businesses and high-growth enterprises to raise capital from investors more efficiently, helping small and young firms across the country to grow. |Last Updated on Tuesday, 01 May 2012 09:06|

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- Published on Thursday, 19 July 2012 06:36 - Written by John Draper - Hits: 1943 It used to be that we were worried that Communists and Russia were going to take over - they made no secret of the fact that they wanted the world to be communist. But now, it's Islam that wants to take over. Not a political philosophy but a religion. As Muslims are quick to tell everyone - only Islam is right and anyone who believes to the contrary is wrong and should be converted or even killed. Just like the Christians of a few centuries ago, they have zero tolerance for other beliefs. The only reason why there is not already all-out war is that many Muslims, like many Christians, don't accept all that they are told. But those that do push their intolerance include nuclear powers (Pakistan) and soon to become nuclear powers (Iran - see Iranium). Scary stuff. In Toronto, there are Islamic books being sold that push conquest. Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi wrote: "Islam wishes to destroy all states and governments anywhere on the face of the earth which are opposed to the ideology and programme of Islam," "Islam requires the earth - not just a portion - but the whole planet." (Toronto Sun) You could dismiss him as an aberration except that his books are still being distributed, sold and read by devout Muslims. These books are alongside others on "how to beat your wife". But it's not just bookstores wanting to cater to extremist Muslims, it's Iran as a country that is working to convert everyone to Islam. How else can we interpret their latest actions? It was recently reported that their embassy in Canada has been actively infiltrating our Government and institutions. (CTV News) The way they do it is by recruiting Iranians who study or work in Canada to report back to the embassy. They then use that information to "influence" Iranians in Canada They do that by "threaten(ing) to hurt families in Iran or to hurt them personally and physically." Some of their recruits are students that they sponsor for study in Canada and others are Iranians who have immigrated to escape such tyranny. An Iranian Canadian activist group said that: ""They are giving $500 to everyone providing information, especially on Iranians who are active against the regime in Canada." The Canadian Government says they are very aware of the activities of the Iranian embassy but it was highlighted when Iranian diplomat Hamid Mohammadi (photo right) said in an interview on an Iranian website that: "Iranians living in Canada should be serving Tehran." He went on to say that there were many Iranian-Canadians "working in influential government positions" and called on others to "occupy high-level and key positions." (More here at Ottawa Citizen) . You can see his full speech here: Vlad Tepes One comment he made that I find objectionable: "…one major distinguishing factor that separates the Islamic-Iranian culture from the rest, it is their resistance to being absorbed and digested by the dominant culture." To me, the reason you come to a new country is because you like it, you prefer it. The reason it's better is because of its culture. So it's important to accept and adopt the culture of the country you live in - don't bring your culture with you. Your food yes, your jokes and myths yes, maybe some other aspects - but leave your hates, intolerance and your attitudes to women behind. But it's not just Canada that should be alarmed - Iranians in Canada have an easier access to the U.S. - especially if they have Canadian citizenship. Talk is not enough. One solution would be to shut down the Iranian embassy in Ottawa but the problem with that would be that 3 Canadians currently in an Iranian prison would end up being abandoned to Iranian torture and injustice. The three are Iranian born (Saeed Malekpour, Hamid Ghassemi-Shall and Hossein Derakshan) and were stupid enough to return to Iran - although they could be described as brave. Some would say that we should decree that any Canadian who goes to a place like Iran is on their own - but that's not the "Canadian Way" - we don't want to descend to the hell that is Iran. Meanwhile, Iran is trying to establish their version of Islam and tyranny worldwide - we must not just sit by and allow it because of political correctness.

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CC-MAIN-2013-20

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en

EventCalendar control is a non-composite web control the creates a Gantt style calendar viewable by quarter periods. The events are detailed on a left hand pane, while the right hand pane shows the events as strips along a horizontal calendar. You can add a hyperlink on these strips to take the user to another document. The right hand pane is scrollable. The events can be grouped into groups which will be shown highlighted above the groups' events. The control takes in XML data for the events. I was asked to do this at a charity to help projects co-ordinate and know what everyone else is doing. The website allowed people to enter details of an event on a web form which then got displayed grouped by 'business initiative'. The events were stored in an MS SQL server. It was very easy to pull out the data from the DB and format it into hierarchical XML required by the Calendar Control using a DataSet that contained tables and data relations, and then using the GetXml() method of the Using the Code To use the EventCalendar control on your website, you will need to add the control into the toolbox by right-clicking it, selecting 'Customize Toolbox', selecting the '.NET Framework Components' tab and then clicking on the browse button. Navigate to the EventCalendarControl.dll. This should add it to the toolbox. Then just drag this control onto the page where you want the control to be. You can then set the Font property of the control in the properties window to whatever you like. I like Arial, 8pt. Next in the code behind page, onload event, you will need to set some properties of the control. EventCalendarControl1.XMLData = xmlData; EventCalendarControl1.BlankGifPath = "trans.gif"; EventCalendarControl1.Year = 2005; EventCalendarControl1.Quarter = 2; EventCalendarControl1.BlockColor = "blue"; EventCalendarControl1.ToggleColor = "#dcdcdc"; EventCalendarControl1.CellHeight = 15; EventCalendarControl1.CellWidth = 15; XMLData: is the data that contains the calendar events, I'll go through the format of it later. BlankGifPath: is the website path to a transparent 1 X 1 GIF. This is the path required by the control to format the calendar grid properly. I couldn't get the grid to properly synch between the left and right hand panes, without resorting to this common webmaster technique. If anyone can get it working without this, please let me know! Year: The year you want the calendar to display. Quarter: The quarter you want the calendar to display (1,2,3,4). BlockColor: This is the default block color for the calendar. You can override it in the XML for individual groups. ToggleColor: This is the color the calendar will use for separating out the weeks and the groups. CellHeight: The height of a cell in the calendar grid. CellWidth: The width of a cell in the calendar grid. Now for the XML: The XML format is very simple, simply groups which contain blocks (events). Each group shows up 'grouping' a list of events. Note that, it doesn't matter what contains the group nodes or the top level nodes, as I'm doing a global search on 'group' using the // XPath. - Each group has nodes: blockcolor and then a list of block nodes. - Each block contains: enddate and a xmlData = "<NewDataSet>" xmlData += " <group>"; xmlData += " <name>Develop Specifications</name>"; xmlData += " <blockcolor>#cc66cc</blockcolor>"; xmlData += " <block>"; xmlData += " <href>activity.aspx?ActID=17</href>"; xmlData += " <StartDate>2005-04-10T00:00:00.0000000+01:00</StartDate>"; xmlData += " <EndDate>2005-05-10T00:00:00.0000000+01:00</EndDate>"; xmlData += " <name>Technical Architecture</name>"; xmlData += " </block>"; xmlData += " <block>"; xmlData += " <href>activity.aspx?ActID=18</href>"; xmlData += " <StartDate>2005-04-15T00:00:00.0000000+01:00</StartDate>"; xmlData += " <EndDate>2005-05-15T00:00:00.0000000+01:00</EndDate>"; xmlData += " <name>Software Architecture</name>"; xmlData += " </block>"; xmlData += " </group>"; xmlData += "</NewDataSet>" Assuming the data is contained in a database, the best way to generate this XML is by using a DataSet that has two tables, the first table containing the groups and then the second table containing the blocks. Adding a table relation to the DataSet (representing the parent-child relationship) with Nested = true, then doing ToXML() on the DataSet magically creates a nested or hierarchical XML as required above. About the code The control is a non-composite control which means it's not based on or derived from standard web controls. Sometimes, when you require greater control over what HTML is produced, you may consider creating this type of control to encapsulate it. It's quite easy to do, all you need to do is to create a 'Web Control Library' and then override the OnPreRender event handler. Using this code, it should be easy to enhance it, so to add, say, duration into the left hand pane or highlight the critical path. Jean-marc is a IT consultant specializing on the microsoft platform. Jean-marc lives in London, UK.

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CC-MAIN-2013-20

http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/10643/Gantt-Chart-Event-Calendar-Calendar-Planner

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en

Download source - 8 Kb This tutorial is based off of the MSDN Article #ID: Q194873. But, for a beginner, following these MSDN articles can be intimidating to say the least. One of the most often asked questions I see as a Visual C++ and Visual Basic programmer is how to call a VB DLL from VC++. Well, I am hoping to show you exactly that today. I am not going to go over the basic details of COM as this would take too long, so I am assuming you have an understanding of VB, VC++ and a little COM knowledge. It's not too hard to learn; just takes a little time. So let's get started. The first thing you need to do is fire up Visual Basic 6 (VB 5 should work as well). With VB running, create a new "ActiveX DLL" project. Rename the project to "vbTestCOM" and the class to "clsTestClass". You can do this by clicking in the VB Project Explorer Window on the Project1 item (Step 1), then clicking in the Properties window and selecting the name property (Step 2). Do the same for the Class. Click on the class (Step 3), then the name property and enter the name mentioned above (Step 4). Your project so far should look like the folowing right hand side picture: Ok, now we are ready to add some code to the VB Class. Click on the "Tools" menu, then select the "Add Procedure" menu item. The Add Procedure window will open up. In this window we need to add some information. First (Step 1) make sure the type is set to Function. Second (Step 2) enter a Function name called "CountStringLength". Finally hit the Ok button and VB will generate the new function in the class. You should have an empty function with which to work. The first thing we will do is specify a return type and an input parameter. Edit your code to look like this: Public Function CountStringLength(ByVal strValue As String) As Long What are we doing here? We are taking one parameter, as a String type in this case, then returning the length through the return type, which is a Long. We specify the input parameter as ByVal, meaning VB will make a copy of this variable and use the copy in the function, rather than the default ByRef, which passes the variable by reference. This way we can be sure that we do not modify the string by accident that was passed to us by the calling program. Let's add the code now. Public Function CountStringLength(ByVal strValue As String) As Long If strValue = vbNullString Then CountStringLength = 0 CountStringLength = Len(strValue) In the first line of code we are checking to see if the calling program passed us an empty, or NULL, string. If so we return 0 as the length. If the user did pass something other than an empty string, then we count it's length and return the length back to the calling program. Now would be a good time to save your project. Accept the default names and put it in a safe directory. We need to compile this project now. Go to the File menu and select the "Make vbCOMTest.dll..." menu item. The compiler will produce a file called surprisingly enough: vbCOMTest.dll. The compiler will also do us the favor of entering this new DLL into the system registry. We have finished the VB side of this project, so let's start the VC++ side of it. Fire up a copy of VC++, then select from the menu, "New Project". The New Project window should appear. Select a "Win32 Console Application" (Step 1), then give it a name of "TestVBCOM" (Step 2). Finally, enter a directory you want to build this project in (Step 3 - your directory will vary from what I have entered). Click on the "OK" button and the "Win32 Console Application - Step 1 of 1" window will appear. Leave everything on this page as the default, and click the "Finish" button. One final window will appear after this titled "New Project Information". Simply click the "Ok" button here. You should now have an empty Win32 Console project. Press the "Ctrl" and hit the "N" key. Another window titled "New" will appear. Select the "C++ Source File" (Step 1), then enter the new name for this file called, "TestVBCOM.cpp" (Step 2 - make sure the Add to Project checkbox is checked and the correct project name is in the drop down combo box), then click the "Ok" button to finish. Now we are going to get fancy! You need to go to your Start Menu in Windows and navigate to the "Visual Studio 6" menu and go into the "Microsoft Visual Studio 6.0 Tools" sub-menu. In here you will see an icon with the name "OLE View". Click on it. The OLE View tool will open up. You will see a window similar to this one: Collapse all the trees, if they are not already. This will make it easier to navigate to where we want to go. Highlight the "Type Libraries" (Step 1) and expand it. You should see a fairly massive listing. We need to locate our VB DLL. Now, remember what we named the project? Right, we need to look for vbTestCOM. Scroll down until you find this. Once you have found it, double click on it. A new window should appear - the "ITypeLib Viewer" window. We are only interested in the IDL (Interface Definition Language) code on the right side of the window. Select the entire IDL text and hit the "Ctrl" and "C" buttons to copy it to the clipboard. You can close this window and the OLE View window now as we are done with the tool. We need to add the contents of the IDL file into our VC++ project folder. Go to the folder you told VC++ to create your project in and create a new text file there (If you are in Windows Explorer, you can right click in the directory and select "New" then scroll over following the arrow and select "Text Document"). Rename the text document to "vbCOMTEST.idl". Then double click on the new IDL file (VC++ should open it if you named it correctly with an IDL extension). Now paste the code in the file by pressing the "Ctrl" and "V" keys. The IDL text should be pasted into the file. So far, so good. Now, this IDL file is not going to do us much good until we compile it. That way, VC++ can use the files it generates to talk to the VB DLL. Let's do that now. Open a DOS window and navigate to the directory you created your VC++ project in. Once in that directory, at the prompt you need to type the following to invoke the MIDL compiler: E:\VCSource\TestVBCOM\TestVBCOM\midl vbTestCOM.idl /h vbTestCOM.h Hit the "Enter" key and let MIDL do its magic. You should see results similar to the following: Close the DOS window and head back into VC++. We need to add the newly generated vbTestCOM.h and vbTestCOM_i.c files to the project. You can do this by going to the "Project" menu, then selecting the "Add to Project" item, and scrolling over to the "Files" menu item and clicking on it. A window titled, "Insert Files into Project" will open. Select the two files highlighted in the next picture, then select the "Ok" button. These two files were generated by MIDL for us, and VC++ needs them in order to talk to the VB DLL (actually VC++ does not need the "vbCOMTest_i.c" file in the project, but it is handy have in the project to review). We are going to add the following code to the "TestVBCOM.cpp" file now, so navigate to that file in VC++ using the "Workspace" window. Open the file by double clicking it and VC++ will display the empty file for editing. Now add the following code to the "TestVBCOM.cpp" file: _clsVBTestClass *IVBTestClass = NULL; hr = CoInitialize(0); hr = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_clsVBTestClass, _bstr_t bstrValue("Hello World"); hr = IVBTestClass->CountStringLength(bstrValue, cout << "The string is: " << ReturnValue << " characters in length." << endl; hr = IVBTestClass->Release(); cout << "CoCreateInstance Failed." << endl; If all the code is entered in correctly, then press the "F7" key to compile this project. Once the project has compiled cleanly, then press the "Ctrl" and the "F5" keys to run it. In the C++ code, we include the MIDL created "vbTestCOM.h" file, the "Comdef.h" file for the _bstr_t class support and the "iostream.h" file for the "cout" support. The rest of the comments should speak for themselves as to what's occurring. This simple tutorial shows how well a person can integrate VB and VC++ apps together using COM. Not too tough actually.

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CC-MAIN-2013-20

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en

Not so long ago the guys here at CP announced a new Cross Platform .NET section. At the time I was working completely with Windows based applications using C# and the .NET platform so, while the thought of getting to play around with C# apps on other platforms was interesting, it wasn't something I had the time to do. Nevertheless, fate has once again stepped in, this time in the form of a new project, and soon I'll be working on systems that will no doubt require some cross platform goodness. Since the majority of the development will still be for the Windows platform the technology set will be staying as is and the happiness that exists when developing .NET applications will remain. Anyway, it dawned on me that I didn't really know all that much about cross platform development with .NET. Sure, I had heard of Mono, Rotor and Platform.NET and had read some things here and there but I didn't have any practical knowledge about using any of these. After a bit of research I decided that Mono was the most promising choice for the upcoming project and I decided to give it a go. I am fairly familiar with Linux and have developed applications, albeit basic ones, for Linux using C, C++ and Java when in college. However, many weblog postings from bemused Windows developers who had attempted to get Mono up and running on Linux had me slightly worried before I began. Much to my surprise, it was actually a painless experience and getting Mono running on Linux was easy. Setting it up and running it on Windows was even easier again. What exactly is Mono? When Microsoft unleashed .NET onto the world they were nice enough to hand the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI), along with the C# language, to the people at the European Computer Manufactures Association, better known to most as the ECMA. This allowed for an ECMA standards for the CLI and C# to be developed and, eventually, these ECMA standards also became ISO standards. At this stage you might be thinking "So, what has this got to do with what Mono is?" Relax, slow down, I'm getting to it. This standardization meant that details about how a CLI implementation should work, and also details about the C# programming language, where publicly available and anybody with the time and desire could implement their own CLI, essentially making their own version of .NET. Mono was born. Mono is an "open source development platform based on the .NET framework that allows developers to build Linux and cross-platform applications with unprecedented productivity". At the time of writing this article the latest stable version of Mono is 1.0.5 and it provides the following features: - A Common Language Runtime (CLR) that is compatible with the ECMA standard - A C# compiler - A set of class libraries - Ancillary tools such as a disassembler, debugger, IDE, etc. Although it may not sound like much to many, what the people behind the Mono project have achieved is quite impressive. The set of class libraries available with mono include implementations of ADO.NET, ASP.NET, and System.Windows.Forms as well as many other aspects of the BCL that .NET developers will be familiar with. Added to this is the Gtk# library which is a fully featured library that allows for the development of GUI apps on top of the gtk+ toolkit. All in all, quite impressive. With Mono you can develop and run .NET applications on Linux, Windows and other platforms. You can build and deploy ASP.NET application on Linux servers. You can even run applications that you compiled using the Microsoft C# compiler on the Mono runtime and vice versa. What is the purpose of this article? This article is the first in a series of articles that I will be writing about developing cross platform applications using Mono. Its purpose is to explain how to get up and running with Mono on Linux and on Windows. I'll explain how you install Mono and then I'll show you how to use the C# compiler to compile and run what might be your first cross platform .NET application. I'll also list some of the ancillary tools that come with Mono. Finally, I'll show how you can run applications created using Mono on the Microsoft .NET Runtime and vice versa. Unfortunately I haven't had a chance to play with Mono on a Mac so I won't be covering it in this article. However I will try to cover it, along with Platform.NET, in a future article. No promises though. What you need to know This article is not going to show you how to program in C#. This is something that you will have to learn yourself. There are many good introductory articles here on CP that you can read to gain a firm understanding of the ins and outs of the language. An understanding of what the .NET Framework and what it is is not necessary, but it would definitely be beneficial. Lets get going Before you can develop anything using Mono you first need to get it up and running on your desired platform. Since this article is in the Cross Platform .NET section and one of the main uses of Mono is the development and use of cross platform applications, I cover installing Mono on both Windows and Linux. I'll look at installing on Windows first even though, to be perfectly honest, it's a bit of a no brainer. As I mentioned above, the latest stable version of Mono at the time of writing this article is 1.0.5 and I will be working with this version. The download page for the latest Mono releases is http://www.mono-project.com/downloads/index.html[^] but I will be giving direct links to the files I download in each of the sections. If you would prefer to skip installing Mono on Windows then you can go straight to the Installing Mono on Linux section below. Installing Mono on Windows The Windows version of Mono runs on Windows 2000 and above. I'm working on Windows XP Professional with Service Pack 2 installed. It probably doesn't make a difference but I just wanted to mention it in case my instructions on installing Mono on Windows differs slightly from the procedure you need to follow for your own setup. Just follow these steps and you should be up and running in no time: - Download the Mono Windows Installer from the Mono download page. The file I am working off is http://www.go-mono.com/archive/1.0.5/windows/mono-1.0.5-gtksharp-1.0.5-win32-0.1.exe - The installer is a standard Windows installer so you can simply run it once it is downloaded by doubling clicking on it. - Once the installer begins, click on next to go to the License Agreement page. - You'll probably notice on the License Agreement page that there are a number of different Licenses that apply to the different components of the install. While I understand that most people simply agree and click on next, it would be irresponsible of me if I didn't recommend that you read the License Agreement before agreeing to it. - Once you pass the License Agreement section you are presented with some general information about the install. The installer that I link to above mentions that it includes Gtk# and XSP (A Mono based web server that I will be looking at in the next article in this series) among other things. - Click on Next and select the install location. - Click on Next again to bring you to the Select Components page. You are free to customize your installation but as I will be using all the components of this install in other articles in this series I would suggest that you accept the default "Full installation". - Click on Next again and you can customize the name of Mono folder that appears in the Start Menu. - If you have decided to do a Full installation or if you have installed XSP, the installer will now ask you which port you want the web server to listen on. Generally this will be port 8088 but you can change it to any free port on your system. When you are ready click on Next. - Finally, click on Install to install and configure Mono on your Windows machine. The above list of instructions is probably too verbose. Most people would have been fine just clicking on Next the whole way through. However, I normally take my time when installing things. You never know what people slip into an installer and it's always good to know exactly what you have put on your machine. At this stage you can keep reading and learn how to install Mono on your Linux machine or if you don't have a Linux installation, or just want to develop on Windows for the time being, you can skip ahead to the Your Mono toolset section. Installing Mono on Linux Linux is a great operating system. There is no doubting that. However, there are some basic problems with the Linux platform that have stemmed from the fact that the kernel and most of the supporting software is open source. The problem is a simple one; there are so many different Linux distributions that there is no single set way of installing software on them. Why should you care about this? Well, depending on the distribution that you use, it could end up making your life a little more complicated then it needs to be when installing Mono. You'll see what I mean below. To get Mono up and running I decided to go for one of the more popular Linux distributions. Partly because I was familiar with it and partly because there was already an iso of the installation DVD on one of the internal FTP servers in work. No point in downloading a different distribution if I have a perfectly good one here. So, what did I choose? SuSE 9.2 Professional. I used Microsoft Virtual PC 2004 to create two identical virtual PCs. Two because I wanted to try two different ways of installing and configuring Mono that were not mutually exclusive. I didn't want them to interfere so I decided that two separate virtual PCs was the way to go. I mounted the installation DVD iso in the virtual PCs and went about installing an identical system on both virtual PCs. I chose to install with ACPI disabled, which is one of the first options you get to choose, and I went for the default package selection. Nothing fancy. Just the basic, default system that SuSE 9.2 Professional suggested. If you have a different Linux distribution (have a look at http://www.distrowatch.com/ for a good list of the different distributions available) then chances are that the installation instructions below will differ slightly for you. The easy way As the name suggests, this way is, well, easy. The problem with this way however, is that it will not work on all Linux distributions. If you have a look at the Mono download page (http://www.mono-project.com/downloads/index.html[^]) you will see that there are a packages available for some versions of the more common Linux distributions including Red Hat, SuSE, Fedora, and Novell Linux Desktop. Now a lot of Linux distributions will be compatible with some of these installation packages but specifying which ones are and which ones are not is well outside the scope of this introductory article. Unfortunately, if you are not using one of the listed distributions you'll have to either find out from your distributions documentation which of the packages are compatibly or you can download the Mono source and build Mono from that (covered in the Not for the faint hearted section below). If you are not familiar with Linux I would recommend trying your best to avoid the latter option as it can get messy. So, you have a Linux distribution that the Mono download page seems to like. Great. You're in luck as this is going to be painless: - On the Mono download page, click on the "Packages" link beside the Linux distribution that you believe to be compatible with your distribution. I simply selected the link beside SuSE 9.2 - This should bring you to a page which lists a lot of different packages that have been compiled and packaged for that particular Linux distribution. - For the time being we are only interested in the "Mono Core Runtime and C# compiler" section in the top left. - In this section you need to click on the download link for the Mono Core. The exact name will vary depending on the packages link that you selected but in general it will start with "mono-core-1.0.5". I used http://www.go-mono.com/archive/1.0.5/suse-92-i586/mono-core-1.0.5-1.ximian.10.4.i586.rpm - Download this file and remember where you have saved it! - When it has downloaded simply open the file and it will launch the package manager for your particular distribution. - From this point on you'll have to follow the particular installation procedure for your package manager but in general there is simply an "Install Package" button. Click it! - After a while, the Mono core should be installed. Congratulations If you are inquisitive, bored, or if the above instructions didn't work for your distribution then the next section runs over how to build and install from the source. In general this should be a painless procedure but as you will see, it turned out to be less then painless with the default SuSE 9.2 Professional install that I decided to work from. When you went to the packages page you probably noticed downloads for Gtk#, XSP and a number of other things that the Windows installer installed by default. For the time being you can ignore these. In future articles I will need you to have these packages installed but if and when the need arises, I will run through the installation process. Not for the faint hearted If you have Mono installed on your Linux distribution at this stage then you can skip ahead to the Your Mono toolset section. That is, of course, unless you are interested in finding out how I spent two hours getting the source to compile. Ok. So you want to compile Mono from the source and then install it. No problem. This "should" be a simple process. I have configured, compiled and installed applications from the source code numerous times on Linux without problem. Not this time. In this section I'm going to explain to you how things "should" work from the source. I'll then show you how things worked for me when I configured, compiled and installed from Mono Source. Here goes: - The first thing you need to do is download the source. Once again, head on over to the Mono download page at http://www.mono-project.com/downloads/index.html[^]. - In the source code section click on and download the Mono Runtime source (usually at the very top). The one I downloaded and worked off is http://www.go-mono.com/archive/1.0.5/mono-1.0.5.tar.gz. - Once the file has been downloaded, go to a console for the remainder of the process. - I would recommend performing the rest of the process as a user with root privileges. If you have just installed Linux as a standalone machine you can usually give your account root privileges by typing the sudo bash command and entering the root password. - You can decompress the downloaded file using the command tar -xvzf mono-1.0.5.tar.gz where mono-1.0.5.tar.gz is the name of the file you downloaded. - Next, switch to the directory where the source code has been decompressed too by typing cd mono-1.0.5 or cd followed by the name of the directory that you decompressed the file to if it is different from mine. - Now, before we can compile the source you need to configure the make files. To do this simply type ./configure --prefix=/usr. This will take a bit of time. I am assuming here that there were no errors and that the ./configure --prefix=/usr went ahead without issue. As you will see from my experience, which I outline below, this was not the case for the default SuSE 9.2 Professional installation. - When the the ./configure --prefix=/usr completes you are free to go ahead and compile and install the source. - To actually compile the Mono Runtime source you need to run the - Finally, to install, for lack of a better word, simply run the make install command. This will deploy the compiled binaries, libraries and other bits and pieces to the correct directories. Now, that is how things should work. And, if I had installed a version of SuSE 9.2 Professional with the development tools installed, then that is what would have happened. However, as I have mentioned before, I opted for the default installation. I wanted to see how things would be for somebody who was coming from Windows and was more accustomed to OS installs that require the minimum of configuration. The following, rather long set of steps, is what I had to do to configure, compile and install the Mono Runtime source. It not that it is a complicated process. Everything is actually quite simple. It's just that it can be rather daunting to someone with very little Linux experience to see their initial ./configure --prefix=/usr fail when all the documentation for the Mono install tells them to do is type three commands: ./configure --prefix=/usr then make and finally make install. I was in two minds about whether I should add my experience with the Mono source as it is quite long and it might not add anything to the article. However, since I was having these issues I was sure that others would too and hopefully my experience can help you if you are faced with similar problems. Feel free to skip the rest of this section if you already have Mono installed. So. Here's what I done, and all just for you!: - Downloaded "Mono Runtime 1.0.5" from http://www.go-mono.com/archive/1.0.5/mono-1.0.5.tar.gz - Decompressed the download and then moved into the source directory. - Ran the sudo bash command to give myself root privileges. ./configure --prefix=/usr for Mono. ./configure --prefix=/usr failed as default SuSE install does not have the needed compilers installed. - Installed Compilers (gcc c++ and it's dependencies) using Yast. ./configure --prefix=/usr for Mono again. ./configure failed because the default install does not have bison installed. - Downloaded bison from http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/bison-2.0.tar.gz. - Decompressed bison download and moved into the decompressed directory. ./configure for bison. ./configure for bison failed because GNU m4 version 1.4 (or greater) is needed. - Downloaded m4 from http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/m4/m4-1.4.1.tar.gz. - Decompressed m4 download and moved into the decompressed directory. ./configure for m4... Succeeded! make for m4... Succeeded! make install for m4... Succeeded! ./configure for bison, again... Succeeded! make for bison... Succeeded! make install for bison... Succeeded! ./configure --prefix=/usr for Mono for the third time. ./configure failed, again, because "pkg-config" is needed and is not installed by the default SuSE 9.2 install. - Downloaded pkg-config from http://www.freedesktop.org/software/pkgconfig/releases/pkgconfig-0.15.0.tar.gz. - Decompressed pkg-config download and moved into the decompressed directory. ./configure for pkg-config... Succeeded! make for pkg-config... Succeeded! make install for pkg-config... Succeeded! ./configure --prefix=/usr for Mono for the fourth time! - Guess what?.. Yep.. ./configure failed again. This time because glib-2.0 (or greater) was needed and was not installed by the default SuSE 9.2 install. - Downloaded glib-2.6.1 from ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/v2.6/glib-2.6.1.tar.gz. - Decompressed glib-2.6.1 download and moved into the decompressed directory. ./configure for glib-2.6.1 ./configure for glib-2.6.1 failed because there was no "gettext" support in the C libraries installed in the system - Downloaded gettext 0.14 from ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gnu/gettext/gettext-0.14.tar.gz. - Decompressed gettext 0.14 download and moved into the decompressed directory. ./configure for gettext... Succeeded! make for gettext... make for gettext failed because there is not C# compiler installed! :wtf: :confused:... make suggests installing Platform.NET :rolleyes: - Reconfigured gettext as there was no way I was installing Platform.NET just so I could install Mono. ./configure --disable-csharp for gettext... Succeeded! make for gettext, again... Succeeded! make install for gettext... Succeeded! ./configure for glib-2.6.1 again... Succeeded! make for glib-2.6.1... Succeeded! make install for glib-2.6.1... Succeeded! ./configure --prefix=/usr for Mono for the fifth time... Succeeded! Finally! make for Mono... Succeeded! make install for Mono... Succeeded! - Took a well earned breather. The above set of steps that I had to go through to get the source compiled might seem a little daunting to some but to be perfectly honest it was an easy enough procedure. The main issue was the time taken. For example, the ./configure for Mono could take around 2 or 3 minutes each time. Each ./configure for the other items that had to be compiled and installed had similar time periods and generally speaking the make command took longer than its accompanying ./configure. There was also the time spent looking for, downloading and decompressing the source files for the different items that needed to be installed. Oh, and I had to actually restart SuSE before I could use the installed tools. Your Mono toolset At this stage you've either given up or you're in for the long haul. Not that there is much left to do. We have Mono installed and the tools that we need to compile and run C# applications are ready to be used. Before we start to actually write and compile applications I thought it might be a good idea to have a quick overview of some of the tools the you should have available to you at this stage. I'm not going to go into any detail on the tools as in this article, and over the rest of this series, I will explain the details of the tools as they are needed. ||Mono's Web Service Discovery Tool| A tool for discovering web services and for retrieving the documents that describe those services. ||Global Assembly Cache management utility| A tool used by developers to install assemblies into the system Global Assembly Cache (GAC) to become part of the assemblies that are available for all applications at runtime. ||Mono IL assembler| The Mono IL assembler. Comparable to the Microsoft ilasm.exe tool. ||Mono Compiler Suite.| The Mono C# compiler, an implementation of the ECMA-334 language specification. The compiler accepts all the same command line options that the Microsoft C# compiler (csc.exe) does. A mono interpreter that allows for the execution of applications without using JIT. The instructions are interpreted directly into x86 instructions. ||Mono's ECMA-CLI native code generator (Just-in-Time and Ahead-of-Time)| A runtime implementation of the ECMA Common Language Infrastructure. This can be used to run ECMA and .NET applications. ||Mono assembly disassembler| A tool that allows applications to be disassembled into IL. Provides similar functionality to Microsoft's ildasm.exe. ||Mono assembly information tool| A tool that allows you to create call graph or type hierarchy information from assemblies. ||Mono Class Outline Viewer| A tool that allows you to view the outline of a class. You can see the signature of each member of the class. ||Digitally sign/verify/compare strongname on CLR assemblies| Digitally sign, verify or compare, CLR assemblies using strongnames. ||Mono's Remoting Proxy Generator| A tool for generating WSDL documents and client proxies for remoting services. ||Mono's Web Service Proxy Generator| A tool for generating proxy classes that can be used to access to web services. ||Mono's utility for generating schema or class files| A tool that is intended to complement the XML serialization support of Mono. Remember, this is only a subset of the tools that are available. If you are interested in exactly what tools are available you should have a look on the Mono homepage. Also, when using Mono on Windows it would be a good idea to add the <Mono_Install_Dir>\bin\ and <Mono_Install_Dir>\lib\ directories to your path (C:\Program Files\Mono-1.0.5\bin\ and C:\Program Files\Mono-1.0.5\lib\ on my system). This will allow you to use the above tools directly from the command line regardless of which directory you are currently working in. About time! To get to this point should not have taken you all that long, unless of course you ended up installing Mono on Linux from source and ran into the trouble that I did. So let's get on with it. The proverbial "Hello World!". You've no doubt seen a hello world application in C#, or other languages, numerous times in the past and you are once again going to see it. It's kind of a tradition and who am I go against tradition? Anyway, fire up your favorite text editor, be it notepad on windows or joe on Linux. Type in the code below, or even easier, copy it from the article and paste it in. public class HelloWorld public static void Main(string args) Save this as HelloWorld.cs and get ready to witness the wonders of Mono. To compile this application simply go to the command line and type mcs HelloWorld.cs and hit enter. Note that the previous command assumes that your command prompt is working in the same directory as the HelloWorld.cs file and that the Mono directories have been added to your path if you are using Windows. If all goes well you should be presented with the "Compilation succeeded" text. Congratulations. You've just compiled your first C# application on Mono. To execute the application using Mono simply type mono HelloWorld.exe and hit enter. You'll be greeted by the text "Hello World". What you have done here is loaded the Mono JIT Runtime which JIT compiled the IL code inside the HelloWorld.exe assembly and executed the instructions. You could have also executed the application by running mint HelloWorld.exe. This would have used the Mono Interpreter to convert all the IL of the application directly to x86 instructions before executing. This is similar to using the ngen.exe application with .NET. If you are running Mono on Windows you may have noticed that you can also execute the application by simply double clicking on it. You may not see this as being special in any way but what you have done is taken an application created with the Mono C# compiler and executing it on the Microsoft .NET Runtime. More about this below in the .NET and Mono interoperability section. Something a little more complicated Hello World is the traditional first program, but in all honesty it doesn't really do much. The next example is a bit contrived but it shows a few more of the features of Mono including the System.Text.RegularExpressions namespaces. I also know that the code is all lumped into the Main method and that it should be refactored but as I said, this is just a contrived example, and not a lesson in code style. The example simply takes a string that you want to search on http://www.google.com/ for and then displays the first five results that comes back. Nothing major but it does show an ever so slightly more complicated example than the Hello World example above. Anyway, once again, fire up your favorite text editor, type in the code below or copy it from the article and paste it in. static void Main(string args) Console.Write("Please enter string to search google for: "); string searchString = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(Console.ReadLine()); WebClient webClient = new WebClient(); byte response = string regex = "g><a\\shref=\"?(?<URL>[^\">]*)[^>]*>(?<Name>[^<]*)"; = Regex.Matches(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(response), regex); Console.WriteLine("===== Results ====="); if(matches.Count > 0) foreach(Match match in matches) " - " + match.Groups["URL"].Value); Console.WriteLine("0 results found"); Save this file as GoogleExample.cs and go back to the command line. The command to compile this application is a little different to the one we used for the Hello World example. This application makes use of the HttpUtility class which is defined in the System.Web.dll assembly. That means we need to reference this assembly when compiling. To do this you simply use the -r switch. This is the full command you need to type to get this application to compile: mcs GoogleExample.cs -r System.Web.dll Once again, the previous command assumes that your command prompt is working in the same directory as the GoogleExample.cs file and that the Mono directories have been added to your path if you are using Windows. As with the Hello World example you can run this application from the command line using mono GoogleExample.exe or mint GoogleExample.exe - Take your pick. The same compiled assembly will run on Windows and Linux. You can test this by compiling it on Windows, copying the assembly to a Linux machine and running the mono GoogleExample.exe command there. .NET and Mono interoperability I mentioned in the Hello World example above that you can simply take the assembly created by the Mono compiler (HelloWorld.exe in that example), double click on it in a Windows environment with .NET installed, and it would execute. How exactly does that work? Well, it's simple really. The Mono C# compiler, and the Microsoft C# compiler, compile code into an intermediary form known as IL. When you execute an assembly the runtime interprets and executes the IL code. So you can take an assembly compiled from VB.NET code, or any .NET language, and run it on Mono and vice versa. There is however one small issue with this; Mono doesn't have a complete implementation of the .NET class libraries so not all of your applications can be run using Mono. Don't worry too much about that now as over the next few articles in this series we'll see what can and can't run and hopefully examine why. Hopefully this article has shown you how to install Mono and get your first Mono applications up and running on Windows and on Linux. That's not all that much though. You'll obviously want to do more than just create simple console applications. As I've said throughout this article, this is just the first in a series of articles that I'll be writing about Mono and Cross Platform .NET development using Mono. So, what's on the cards for the next article? Well, I know it would probably be best to jump in a start creating cross platform GUI apps but before we look at this I want to do an introduction to Web Application and ASP.NET development using Mono, which is what the next article will be about; writing your first ASP.NET application that runs on both Linux and Windows. June 8th, 2005 - Corrected details about Mono tool "mint". March 1st, 2005 - Updated some language mistakes and changed to install Mono in the /usr directory when installing from source on Linux. January 25th, 2005 - First Posted.

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