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*This is a guest blog by Scott Fagan. The views expressed in this guest blog do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions of the TalkDeath team. The Benefits of Home Care Caregivers: Specialized professionals who have to undergo training to play the required role of assisting your with your personal and daily tasks. You look back at life and say to yourself, “I am 70 years old and suffering from dementia, high blood pressure, and cholesterol, and there is not a single soul whom I can approach for help.” You search through picture albums trying hard to remember those good times when you were in your youth and the whole world seemed like a great place to live in. Now, all you are left with is random memories and a feeling of helplessness because you can no longer walk around your home, or neighborhood freely. Why is Caregiving Important? Several research studies conducted in the field of care giving have revealed that families of a care recipient fail to understand why care giving is important. The importance of care giving lies in the fact that the elderly and those with special needs cannot go about their daily activities on their own. Some elderly do not have anyone they can call upon for assistance – no family, no children, no relatives, and no friends. Daily tasks, and leisurely activities should not become a burden, even in old age. This is where care giving becomes important. It provides the care recipient with a friend; a friend who is a complete professional when it comes to handling responsibilities related to providing the right type of care. It provides the care recipient with a friend; a friend who is a complete professional when it comes to handling responsibilities related to providing the right type of care. What can caregivers do for the elderly? Caregivers are also known as home care services. These are special services that are focused at taking care of all your needs. Homecare services in Massachusetts, for example, are available throughout the state and entails appointing experienced and licensed personnel to take care of specific task, responsibilities, or even personal care. Caregivers can assist you with all of the following tasks, and much more: 1) Discuss current news and historical events 2) Help you remember events in your past 3) Participate in indoor games 4) Read books and magazines to you 5) Take you out for social gatherings 6) Make a visit to a friend’s place 7) Stimulate your mental awareness 8) Help you to record your family history 9) Assist with different forms of entertainment like music and movies 10) Maintain a calendar of events 11) Arrange medical and other related appointments for you 12) Remind you about appointments 13) Monitor your food or diet 14) Provide prescribed medication including administering injections 15) Prepare grocery lists and take you shopping 16) Assist with your personal tasks 17) Help you with bathing or grooming 18) Take you out for a walk 19) Organize your mail and help pay your bills 20) Supervise maintenance of your home You have spent most of your life working for your family and being the provider. Now it is time for you to relax and enjoy the company of Homecare. Author Bio – Scott Fagan is a professional associated with Homecare Massachusetts services and has written this article to inform the elderly people and their family about many benefits of hiring caregivers in Massachusetts. Have your say… Will you hire a caregiver?

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Bee stings are very common, especially for people who enjoy spending time outdoors. For most people they represent a mild nuisance, mostly because of the pain, but for some people, who have severe allergic reactions, bee stings can be fatal. Those who are not allergic still need to know what to do when a bee sting occurs, so they can alleviate the symptoms quickly and efficiently. Symptoms of bee stings Bees have a small stinger at the back of their body, and the stinger is attached to a pouch containing venom. When a bee stings, the stinger pierces the skin and starts injecting the venom, which causes a reaction on the skin. The symptoms of such reaction include pain, redness around the sting site, swelling and itching. Two things are very important before any remedy is applied. One is to carefully remove the stinger, using sterilized tweezers, a butter knife or even the flat side of a credit card, and the other is to try not to touch or scratch the sting site. After cleaning and sterilizing the area, it is safe to apply one of the suggested remedies. Remedies for bee stings Applying ice is one of the best and safest remedies for bee stings. Ice prevents the venom from spreading and reduces swelling, itching and pain. It is important not to apply the ice directly but to use an ice pack or ice cubes wrapped in a clean cloth. Ice should not be applied for more than 15 minutes. Meat tenderizer, even though it may sound controversial, is in fact one of the most efficient remedies for bee stings. Meat tenderizer should be mixed with some water to make a paste and applied in a thin layer over the affected area. This works well because meat tenderizer contains compounds that break down the proteins in the venom. Toothpaste also works great if applied on the sting site, because its alkalinity neutralizes the venom, which in turn relieves the symptoms. Baking soda, mixed with water into a paste, has a similar effect. Vinegar can be diluted with some water and the mixture can be used to make compresses that alleviate the pain and the itching from the sting bite. If there is papaya on hand, it can be gently rubbed against the skin. This remedy is effective because of the enzyme called papain, that has the same effect as the meat tenderizer, meaning it breaks down the proteins in the bee venom. People who are allergic to latex should not use papaya as a remedy for bee stings. Essential oils can also be applied, especially lavender oil and castor oil.

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Bullying Solutions compiles more than 40 real-life examples of various types of bullying (including haz- ing) and explores how they were confronted. These are not scientific case studies, but detailed illustra- tions of actual events. By examining these stories and reviewing the actions of those involved, read- ers will gain practical, user-friendly advice from the lessons learned by others in handling or even rec- ognizing a bullying problem. “ Teaching children to be more caring toward each other and learning about our differences is so crucial. Meline Kevorkian & Robin D’Antona are tackling an important issue facing all our schools today." Tony Sparano, Head Coach of the Miami Dolphins “Bullying in athletics is an issue that affects everyone and, left unchecked becomes a part of a much larger problem. It is important that everyone recognizes bullying and learns how to deal with it appropriately. This book offers a clear definition of bullying and simple, practical ways to deal with the unique circumstances of the athletic setting. This is a must-read for parents, coaches, and educators who are concerned about eliminating bullying behavior wherever it occurs. Gary Nihan, K-12 Director of Physical and Nursing Services, Danvers, MA Bullying prevention is on the mind of all people who work with children around the globe. This includes school; school activities and on & off the playing field. The athletic field with all its triumphs is an area where bullying can occur and often not recognized as a serious behavior with devastating consequences. Tackling bullying in athletics was written to help athletic directors, coaches, parents and all those who help youth enjoy the benefits of sports and how they can provide a bully-free playing field and promote the sportsmanship and character that prevent bullying. The easy to read format and solid practical advice provide the guidelines and best practices to coach with success and provide a winning environment for everyone. The best practices compliment and parallel the school efforts that should be organized to prevent bullying. In these times, everyone from parents, educators, social workers, physicians, psychologists and all those who are involved with the care and welfare of children and young adults are confronted with the issue of bullying. This behavior is one of life’s major pressures facing children today. Bullying behaviors create an environment that can be uncomfortable, threatening and even hostile which makes is difficult if not impossible for children to learn. In fact, bullying behavior impacts social and overall well being. Given the stakes, bullying prevention is a key responsibility for all adults. The first and most crucial step to bullying prevention and promoting peace is to separate the myths and facts and to gain awareness of what research says about bullying and its prevention. This book is designed to breakdown what the research says about bullying, including cyberbullying, and its effects and what can and should be done to minimize or reduce it. Readers will find this an invaluable tool to decipher fact from fiction when it comes to bullying prevention. The Comfort Zone is a magnificent learning tool to cultivate a safe environment and teach skills to develop socially responsible children in school-age childcare, while boosting your program on it’s way to excellence. Whether used together or separately, both are designed to raise awareness of bullying and harassment prevention and give practical solutions. In this book you will be provided with the knowledge and practical advice necessary to incorporate steps and measures, while obtaining concrete solutions to creating a safe and bully free Comfort Zone. While there are no grandiose or magical explanations, intellectually understanding the importance of bullying prevention as well as developing and maintaining a superior program in or out of school is what will set you at the forefront of your competition and place you in a reputable place in your community. But by far, it is our responsibility as adults, caretakers and human beings to nurture the delicacy of youth. We can only accomplish this by ongoing improvements and continuing education with the children’s safety as the principal purpose.

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Part 4 in a series of 5 for NextGen Journal Like it or not, a scientific consensus exists that humans are causing the Earth to warm. However, the small number of scientists that disagree with this conclusion get a disproportionate amount of media time, particularly in the United States: most newspaper articles give the two “sides” equal weight. Does this false sense of balance in the media take a toll on public understanding of climate science? Are people getting the false impression that global warming is a tenuous and controversial theory? Recent survey data from George Mason University can help answer these questions. 65% of Americans say the world is warming, but only 46% attribute this change to human activities. Compare these numbers to 96% and 97% of climate scientists, respectively. Somewhere, the lines of communication are getting muddled. It’s not as if people hear about scientific results but don’t believe them. Given that 76% of Americans “strongly” or “somewhat” trust scientists as sources of information on climate change, you would expect public knowledge to fall in line with scientific consensus. However, it appears that most people don’t know about this consensus. 41% of Americans say there is “a lot of disagreement among scientists” regarding global warming. Among Republicans, this figure rises to 56%; for the Tea Party, 69%. If you could ask an expert one question about climate change, what would it be? Among survey respondents, the most popular answer (19%) was, “How do you know that global warming is caused mostly by human activities, not natural changes in the environment?” As a science communicator, this statistic intrigues me – it tells me what to focus on. For those who are interested, scientists can attribute changes in the climate to particular causes based on the way the global temperature changes: patterns of warming in different layers of the atmosphere, the rate of warming at night compared to in the day, in summer compared to in winter, and so on. You can read more about this topic here and here. In this survey, the differences between Republicans and Democrats weren’t as extreme as I expected. Instead, it was the Tea Party that really stuck out. Self-identified Tea Party members are, based on their responses, the least informed about climate science, but also the most likely to consider themselves well-informed and the least likely to change their minds. A majority of members in every other political group would choose environmental sustainability over economic growth, if it came down to a choice; a majority of every other party thinks that the United States should reduce its greenhouse gas emissions regardless of what other countries do. But the Tea Party seems opposed to everything, including solutions as benign as urban planning. Luckily, this anti-science movement only made up 12% of the survey respondents. Most Americans are far more willing to learn about climate change and question their knowledge, and there is no source that they trust more than scientists.

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As far as I was able to find out, at least eight important viking ship finds have been reported over the last twelve years. In July 1997 a joint expedition of the Center for Russian Underwater Archaeology and Archeoclub d’Italia discovered a wreck of a 9th or 10th century Varangian ship in Dalnaja Bay near Vyborg, Russia. Sections of the lower part of the hull made of oak boards and a long piece of the keel seemed to be rather well preserved. The planks were fastened together with iron nails, wooden pegs and tarred rope. In September 1997 ground-penetrating radar located a Viking ship in a burial mound on a farm known as Stein in Hole, Ringerike district, southern Norway. The radar first revealed what might be the contours of a large ship or stones around it. Later one of the extracted cores revealed a ten-inch-thick layer of wood. The Ringerike mound is similar to the Gokstad and Oseberg burial mounds with Viking ships. It was suggested that the Ringerike mound may hold the burial of Halfdan the Black, the father of Harald Hairfair, the first king of Norway. The initial tests showed that the mound dates from between AD 800 and 900. In December 2003 metal detector enthusiasts discovered a rich trove of Viking artifacts in a ploughed riverside field in Yorkshire, at a site, which is being kept secret. The trove included seven coins of the reign of King Burgred of Mercia, two from the kingdom of Alfred the Great, king of Wessex, a fragment of a silver dirham from Baghdad, fragments of two swords, two sets of scales with weights, a pile of small silver ingots, a belt buckle and strap ends. What is much more important, also boat nails were discovered at the site, which pointed to a 9th century Norse boat burial site. Plans are now underway for a full excavation. In June 2004, during the largest excavation of a Viking burial site in Norway since the Kaupang dig in the 1950s, nails of a Viking burial ship were found at the Gulli farm in Vestfold, near Tønsberg, south of Oslo. The wood had rotted away, but judging from where nails were found, measurements revealed much about the size and construction of the ship. The graves at the burial site, which lies adjacent to the busy E-18 highway, date from the end of the 8th century to the middle of the 10th. In September 2006 a boat was found in a burial place near the E6 highway in Bjørnstad in Østfold County, southeast Norway. The ship’s contours were 6.6 meters (21.65 feet) long and 1.4 meters (4.6 feet) wide. The wood had rotted away long ago in the sandy earth, but the nails gave an exact picture of how the ship once looked. In October 2006 archeologists found the remains of a Viking ship in a burial mound on the Nordheim farm outside Larvik. So many traces of the vessel were found that it should be possible to describe how the ship looked, but it was too early to say whether the ship could be excavated intact. Archeologists also found indications that another ship is buried in the same area. In September 2007 a Viking longship was discovered under a pub car park in Merseyside. Actually, the workers first unearthed the vessel in 1938, but their foreman, worried that the find could hold up work, ordered it reburied. The sketch of the ship drawn by one of the builders ended up in the hands of his son who gave it to the local museum in 1991, where it lay unread for more than a decade. Now the funds are sought to pay for a major archeological dig to excavate the site. Photo: Sail of the replica Viking ship Munin. Courtesy Foxtongue. Used under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic Licence.

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Chöying Dorje was born in Khaytri Tang in the kingdom of Golok in Amdo. At the age of eight, he was recognized by Shamar Mipan Chökyi Wangchuk, the sixth Shamarpa and received the complete Kagyu transmissions. He traveled extensively through Tibet. The country faced a time of inner instability, as a pro Kagyü king suppressed - against the will of the Karmapa - the Gelukpa school and forbade the search for the reincarnation of the Dalai Lama. Thus the regent of the latter asked Güshi Khan, the warrior king of the Khoshut Mongols, for help. The Mongolian army attacked Shigatse and forced many monasteries to convert to the Gelugpa school. The civil war became such that Chöying Dorje had to flee Tibet and he appointed Goshir Gyaltsab as the temporary regent. The Kagyu school was almost completely annihilated in the Tsang province, however it remained in the provinces of Amdo and Kham. During his exile, Chöying Dorje travelled extensively through Bhutan, Yunnan (Chinese province), Burma and Nepal and founded many monasteries. He returned to Tibet twenty years later, however the Kagyu school was, by then, no longer the most important school of Tibetan Buddhism. The exceptional artist Tenth Karmapa Chöying Dorje (1604–1674) Within the Tibetan artistic heritage, the Tenth Karmapa Chöying Dorje (1604–1674) is perhaps the most exceptional artist of all times. The various biographies agree that the Tenth Karmapa was a talented painter and sculptor already at a young age. It is also repeatetly stated that he was from a young age especially fond of Indian statues from Kashmir. This explains why many of the statues made by the Tenth Karmapa – regardless whether cast in metal or carved in ivory, wood, or conch shell, etc. – are stylistically very close to brass statues from the Kashmir and Swat regions. However, Chöying Dorje was not simply coying ancient Indian and Tibetan works. Just inspired, he rather created his own work of art – albeit using ancient stylistic elements. As mentioned in his biographies, he had ample opportunity to study early statues during his recurring visits to the Jokhang temple in Lhasa. His activities as a painter were evidently influenced by the Chinese tradition, which also explains why Chöying Dorje painted many works on silk. The Chinese influence in the works of Chöying Dorje has its origin in Chinese Arhats/Lohan paintings that he had seen in Tibet and copied several times. The Tenth Karmapa also encountered other Chinese silk paintings during his exile in Lijiang where he stayed for several years at the court of the local ruler. However, Chöying Dorje also created paintings influenced by Kashmir & Western Tibetan styles.

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Human Geography is a broad-ranging social science that is concerned with the spatial patterns of human activity and the character of regions and places. It is well placed to explore the complex relationships between society and the natural environment as well as the social and economic problems of human land use and settlement. Geographers are developing innovative ways to explore multi-faceted connections in everyday life, the importance of place to global movements of people and ideas, new patterns of uneven economic development and new social concerns around the environment, human health and mega-cities. Geography complements other UTSC programs such as City Studies, Environmental Science, Political Science, Sociology, Anthropology, Economics for Management Studies and Development Studies. Geography courses are also listed as options in several UTSC programs including the Co-op Program in International Development. Areas of Concentration Our courses are organized into three areas of concentration; Environmental Geography, Social/Cultural Geography, and Urban Geography. Each of these areas focus on a particular set of issues and concepts. Students majoring in Human Geography use these clusters to organize the sequence of required and elective courses, and are encouraged to focus on two areas of concentration. The educational mission of the Department of Human Geography is to prepare students to be thoughtful and knowledgeable local and global citizens and, at the same time, to support them in developing important career skills in research, writing, and evidence-based examination of many of the pressing issues facing communities and the world today. Human Geography and City Studies graduates are well prepared for a wide range of careers, and our alumni have found successful careers in government, business, the non-profit sector, publishing, urban planning and development, community development, teaching, real estate, and policy analysis, among many others. The department offers Minor, Major and Specialist programs in Human Geography. The distinction between the three program levels are as follows: the Minor encourages students to focus on one area of concentration but does not require methods; Majors are encouraged to select their courses within two concentrations with a solid foundation in GIS or Qualitative research methods; and the Specialist programs will encourage students to gain experience in all three concentrations and will require both GIS and qualitative methods. SPECIALIST PROGRAM IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (ARTS) MAJOR PROGRAM IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (ARTS) MAJOR PROGRAM IN PHYSICAL AND HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (ARTS) MINOR PROGRAM IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (ARTS)

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DK Science: Extraterrestrial Life Earth is the only world we know of that supports life. But is there extraterrestrial life – life beyond Earth – elsewhere in Universe? It is possible that there is, or has been, other life in our Solar System, perhaps on Mars or Europa. But to find intelligent life, astronomers are looking much further away. In research programmes called SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence), they monitor the skies for signals from intelligent life in deep space. The two Voyager spacecraft travelling through the Solar System will soon leave it behind and enter interstellar space – space between the stars. Each spacecraft carries a disc on which images, natural sounds, speech, and music have been recorded. It is hoped that, one day, intelligent beings from another world may find a disc and get a picture of life on Earth. Jupiter’s large moon Europa has a flat surface of pink ice. It is criss-crossed with cracks, which may have been caused by the movement of a liquid ocean beneath the surface, melted by energy caused by the powerful tidal effects of Jupiter’s gravity. This has led to speculation that life may exist on Europa. The radio telescope at Arecibo in Puerto Rico is one of several that has been used to listen for signals that might be from other civilizations in space. As part of a SETI programme called Project Phoenix, millions of radio channels have been scanned simultaneously. Radio waves are studied because they are able to travel a long distance without interference. The earliest forms of life on Earth appeared nearly four billion years ago in the form of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). These organisms are still found today in Western Australia, where they form distinctive mounds called stromatolites. The evolution of life began from these single-celled organisms. On other worlds life may exist in a similar, primitive form. Looking for a signal in space that may have been sent by intelligent extraterrestrials is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Huge quantities of data are received, which must then be processed. Through the SETI@Home project, ordinary computer users can help with this task. A planet similar to Jupiter has been found circling star HD 187123. It is known as an extrasolar planet – a planet beyond our Solar System. A SETI project directs its radio telescopes at stars known to have planets, and stars like our Sun, as these are the most likely to have planets capable of supporting life. American radio astronomer Frank Drake, a SETI pioneer, drew up a list of key factors necessary for intelligent life to evolve on a planet. The list, named the Drake Equation, is a basis for calculating the number of possible civilizations in our galaxy. However, the factors are based on only one example of life on a planet, our own. We do not know if these factors will apply to life forms on other planets. Optimists estimate that there are millions of civilizations in the Milky Way. Pessimists estimate that there is just one – our own. |How many stars in the galaxy are stable over the billions of years necessary for life to evolve?| |How many of these stars give birth to stable planetary systems around them?| |How many of these planets have suitable conditions for life?| |On how many of these planets does life begin and take hold?| |On how many of the planets does intelligent life evolve and become able to communicate?| |On how many of the planets with intelligent life are conditions right to create a technology suitable for communication across the Universe?| |How many potentially advanced civilizations are wiped out by natural or self-inflicted disasters?|

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Our Firm Helps Consumers Harmed By Defectively Manufactured Products Companies are responsible for making sure that their products are safe for consumers. However, even if a company spends a great deal of time, effort, and money working to design and develop safe products, if a defect occurs in the manufacturing process—all that hard and careful work can effectively be rendered moot. Manufacturing errors and defects can take what would have been a safe product and make it a hazard. However, thanks to product liability laws, when a defectively manufactured product injures or kills a consumer, the company who made and sold the dangerous product can often be held accountable for their negligence. If a defectively manufactured product injured you, you may be eligible for compensation. Here's what you should know. Types of Product Defect Cases A defectively manufactured product is one that has dangerous flaws or defects as a result of shoddy manufacturing or errors in the manufacturing process. Whether the product was assembled incorrectly in the factory or made using low-quality materials, products with manufacturing defects are those that would have been safe had they been manufactured according to design. Defectively manufactured products are not the only kind of defective products that can pose a danger to consumers. Products can also be considered defective if their design has a flaw that makes them inherently dangerous or useless. With this type of defect, the product would be hazardous regardless of how it was manufactured. Examples of Manufacturing Defects Most manufacturing defect cases boil down to one of the following two causes: the use of poor-quality or incorrect materials, or carelessness in the construction of the product. Examples include: - Products that contain the wrong mechanical components - Products that are held together with the wrong screws or bolts - Products with components that are attached incorrectly - Products that are intended to be color-coded for safety, but have components painted the wrong colors - Products that contain outdated or recalled components - Products with improperly installed electrical circuitry - Molded products with jagged edges that should have been trimmed - Tainted or poisonous over-the-counter or prescription medicine - Products that are missing safety components that were included in their design - Products with broken components that make the rest of the product unsafe Elements of a Product Liability Claim Product liability cases are governed under the laws of strict liability. Actionable defective product cases contain the following elements: - The plaintiff sustained a physical injury or property damage as a result of the defectively manufactured product. - The product has a manufacturing defect that makes it unreasonably safe for consumers. - The defect in the product's manufacturing was the direct cause of the plaintiff's injuries or economic losses. - The plaintiff was using the product as the manufacturer intended when they sustained the injury or loss. Damages Sought in Product Liability Cases Plaintiffs in product liability cases can seek damages for economic and non-economic damages, as well as punitive damages if the defendant's conduct was especially heinous. Potential economic damages include compensation for past and future medical bills related to the injury, property damage, lost wages if your injuries keep you out of work and loss of earning capacity if the injury was permanently disabling. Examples of non-economic damages include physical pain and suffering, mental and emotional anguish, scarring, disfigurement and loss of enjoyment of life. Do You Have a Product Liability Case? If a defectively manufactured product injured you or someone you love, the manufacturer should be held accountable for their negligence. Exercising your legal rights and filing a product liability personal injury lawsuit allows you to pursue the justice and the compensation you deserve—and the experienced product liability attorneys with the Morris James Personal Injury Group can help. Contact the Morris James Personal Injury Group today to schedule an appointment for a free initial case consultation. We are happy to walk you through your legal options, and answer any questions or address any concerns you may have.

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Kids’ Farm keepers at the Smithsonian’s National Zoo welcomed a new member to the cattle herd—a 10-month-old female Hereford calf named Willow. Born Oct. 4, 2018, Willow came to the Zoo from South Mountain Creamery in Middletown, Maryland. Her arrival bumps the number of cattle at the Kids’ Farm up to three, as she joins the Zoo’s 16-year-old Hereford heifer Rose and 1-year-old female Holstein calf, Magnolia. Cattle are referred to as cows colloquially, although the term “cow” specifically describes an adult female who has birthed a calf. Since Tuesday, Aug. 13, Willow has been acclimating to her new surroundings and exploring the barn and the barnyard. Keepers have begun supervised “howdy” introductions among Willow, Rose and Magnolia—as well as male alpacas Orion and Cirrus. All five animals are able to see, smell, hear and interact with one another. Keepers anticipate Willow will be fully integrated into the herd by the end of August. “Rose and Magnolia can often be found resting together in the barnyard and grooming one another, so we hope that they will develop a similar bond with Willow,” said Nikki Maticic, animal keeper at the Kids’ Farm. “Since Magnolia and Willow are close in age, I expect there will be a lot of head-butting, frolicking, mooing, grooming and other playful behaviors between them! They are such charismatic and intelligent creatures, and I hope meeting them inspires our younger visitors to develop a passion for animals and conservation.” Along with Angus and Polled cattle, Hereford cattle are among the most common breed of beef cattle. North America is home to more than 60 breeds of beef cattle, which have been bred and selected primarily for the production of meat. Compared to dairy cattle, beef cattle have shorter legs and stockier bodies. Fully grown, Hereford cattle weigh up to 1,500 pounds. The Kids’ Farm is home to various farm animals, including cattle, donkeys, goats, alpacas, hogs, chickens, koi fish and catfish. Designed for children ages 3 to 8, the exhibit provides many urban and suburban children an interactive learning experience with animals while teaching them where food comes from. Zoo visitors of all ages can view and pet animals at the Kids’ Farm. Keeper chats and animal demonstrations take place at the Kids’ Farm every day at 10:30 a.m., 11 a.m. and 1:30 p.m., weather permitting.# # #

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Logo: Nazi death camp Image: Nursery school, Wilno, 1920s Between the two world wars the region of Volhynia was under Polish administration but in fact ethnically Ukrainian. After World War I, when Poland regained independence, the Polish government strongly supported the idea of an independent Ukraine (Ukrainian People's Republic). At the end of the Polish-Soviet War of 1919-1921, under the Peace of Riga, overt Polish support for Ukraine's independence was ruled out. Poland initially promised local autonomy to her newly acquired and predominantly Ukrainian-populated territories. However with the rise of Polish nationalism, Polish policy reversed; the Ukrainian language and culture were suppressed. Between 100,000 and 300,000 Polish colonists were settled in these predominantly Ukrainian lands, and Poles were appointed to virtually all posts (including local police). Orthodox churches were destroyed or forcibly transformed into Roman Catholic ones (as opposed to Ukrainian Catholic). Ukrainian libraries were burned down by Polish mobs who went unpunished by the Polish police. Local Polish youths were organized into armed paramilitary militias, further terrorising the Ukrainian population under the pretext of maintaining law and order. Few civilians were actually killed. In September 1939, following the outbreak of World War II and in accordance with the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, Poland was occupied in the west by Nazi Germany and in the east by the Soviet Union. Volhynia fell within the Soviet zone of occupation. Within two years, in June 1941, with Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union, Volhynia was occupied by Nazi Germany. Each change of ruler brought upheavals and arrests. Local Ukrainians formed resistance groups that grew into a full-fledged guerrilla army. In February 1944 in coordinated and widespread actions, local elements of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UIA) attacked the Polish minority population, killing many, in an effort to drive the Poles out of Volhynia. Two delegates of the Polish Government-in-Exile, J. Z. Rumel and K. Markiewicz, together with a group of representatives from the Polish Home Army (Armia Krajowa), attempted to negotiate with UIA leaders. They were found murdered on 8 July 1943. On 11 July, a series of massacres began, with many reports of UIA units marching from village to village, killing Polish civilians. The massacres lasted five days. UIA units continued the ethnic cleansing, particularly in rural areas, until most Poles had been deported, killed or expelled. After 1944, the scale of such actions was limited. 1. Ukrayinska Povstanska Armia, a Ukrainian nationalist partisan organization during and after World War II. Also referred to as Ukrainian Insurgent Army, UIA. This is the text-only version of this page. Click here to see this page with graphics. Edit this page | Manage website Make Your Own Website: 2-Minute-Website.com

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Sympathy (from the Greek words syn "together" and pathos "feeling" which means "fellow-feeling") is the perception, understanding, and reaction to the distress or need of another human being. This empathic concern is driven by a switch in viewpoint, from a personal perspective to the perspective of another group or individual who is in need. Empathy and sympathy are often used interchangeably. Sympathy is a feeling, but the two terms have distinct origins and meanings. Merriam Webster defines empathy as "the feeling that you understand and share another person's experiences and emotions: the ability to share someone else's feelings." Their definition of sympathy is "the feeling that you care about and are sorry about someone else's trouble, grief, misfortune, etc.: a feeling of support for something: a state in which different people share the same interests, opinions, goals, etc." See professor Paul Bloom on empathy. In order to get an experience of sympathy there are specific conditions that need to occur. These include: attention to a subject, believing that a person/group is in a state of need, and the specific characteristics of a given situation. An individual must first give his or her attention to a person/group. Distractions severely limit the ability to produce strong affective responses. Without distractions, people are able to attend to and respond to a variety of emotional subjects and experiences. Attention facilitates the experience of sympathy, and without giving undivided attention to many situations sympathy cannot be experienced. In technical analysis, support and resistance is a concept that the movement of the price of a security will tend to stop and reverse at certain predetermined price levels. These levels are denoted by multiple touches of price without a breakthrough of the level. Support versus resistance A support level is a level where the price tends to find support as it falls. This means the price is more likely to "bounce" off this level rather than break through it. However, once the price has breached this level, by an amount exceeding some noise, it is likely to continue falling until meeting another support level. A resistance level is the opposite of a support level. It is where the price tends to find resistance as it rises. This means the price is more likely to "bounce" off this level rather than break through it. However, once the price has breached this level, by an amount exceeding some noise, it is likely to continue rising until meeting another resistance level. Vessels is the first full length album from psychedelic rock group Wolf & Cub. It was recorded in Adelaide, Australia from April 2005 and released on 28 August 2006. The album was mixed by producer Tony Doogan after lead singer Joel Byrne travelled to Scotland for 3 weeks. Tony Doogan previously worked with artists such as Mogwai, Belle & Sebastian, Super Furry Animals, Dirty Pretty Things and The Mountain Goats. The album was mastered by Greg Calbi in New York. Vessels features nine completely new tracks from the band and a reworking of their earlier single "Steal Their Gold". It peaked in the top100 of the ARIA Albums Chart. The album was Drum Media's fifth most favoured album of 2006 as decided by over 20 reviewers. Internet publication and magazine, Mess + Noise, voted Vessels' album artwork as the best of 2006. The album was bestowed Album of the Week by popular alternative radio station Triple J in September. On 5 March 2007, the band released a limited 7" single ("Yuki" / "Forever the Optimist") through Cuckundoo Records, and were tipped by BBC Radio 1 as one of the hottest new bands in the country. The band recorded a session for Huw Stephens's show on BBC Radio 1, which was broadcast on 29 March. This was followed by the addition of Peter Wright to the line-up. Another single, "Two Words & A Gesture", was released in November 2007. Vessels travelled to Minneapolis, United States to record their debut album, White Fields and Open Devices, with producer John Congleton who had previously worked with fellow post-rock artists Explosions in the Sky and This Will Destroy You as well as Modest Mouse, at Pachyderm Studios in December 2007. They completed recording of the ten track album in twelve days and returned to the UK for a nationwide tour. On 16 June they released the single "A Hundred Times In Every Direction". Their debut album was released on 18 August. Malaysian offshore supportvessels and subsea services provider Alam Maritim Resources has been awarded a work order for the provision of anchor handling tug and supply (AHTS) for Petronas Carigali ... .... The concept design for the LizaPhase 1 development project features the Liza Destiny floating, production, storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel moored 190 kilometers offshore Guyana, and four subsea drill centers supporting 17 wells....

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The National Inventory of Architectural Heritage (NIAH) is a state initiative under the administration of the Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht and established on a statutory basis under the provisions of the Architectural Heritage (National Inventory) and Historic Monuments (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1999. The purpose of the NIAH is to identify, record, and evaluate the post-1700 architectural heritage of Ireland, uniformly and consistently as an aid in the protection and conservation of the built heritage. NIAH surveys provide the basis for the recommendations of the Minister for Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht to the planning authorities for the inclusion of particular structures in their Record of Protected Structures (RPS). The published surveys are a source of information on the selected structures for relevant planning authorities. They are also a research and educational resource. It is hoped that the work of the NIAH will increase public awareness and appreciation of Ireland’s architectural heritage. 1. Granada Convention The Council of Europe, in Article 2 of the 1985 Convention for the Protection of the Architectural Heritage of Europe (Granada Convention), states that ‘for the purpose of precise identification of the monuments, groups of structures and sites to be protected, each member State will undertake to maintain inventories of that architectural heritage.‘ The Granada Convention emphasises the importance of inventories in underpinning conservation policies. The NIAH was established in 1990 to fulfill Ireland’s obligations under the Granada Convention, through the establishment and maintenance of a central record, documenting and evaluating the architectural heritage of Ireland. Article 1 of the Granada Convention establishes the parameters of this work by defining ‘architectural heritage’ under three broad categories of Monument, Groups of Buildings, and Sites. Monument: all buildings and structures of conspicuous historical, archaeological, artistic, scientific, social or technical interest, including their fixtures and fittings; Group of buildings: homogeneous groups of urban or rural buildings conspicuous for their historical, archaeological, artistic, scientific, social or technical interest, which are sufficiently coherent to form topographically definable units; Sites: the combined works of man and nature, being areas which are partially built upon and sufficiently distinctive and homogenous to be topographically definable, and are of conspicuous historical, archaeological, artistic, scientific, social or technical interest. The Council of Europe’s definition of architectural heritage allows for the inclusion of structures, groups of structures and sites which are considered to be of significance in their own right, or which are of significance in their local context and environment. The NIAH believes it is important to consider the architectural heritage as encompassing a wide variety of structures and sites as diverse as post boxes, grand country houses, mill complexes and vernacular farmhouses. 2. Record of Protected Structures The Planning and Development Act 2000 requires each planning authority to compile and maintain a RPS. The RPS is a mechanism for the statutory protection of the architectural heritage and forms part of each planning authority’s development plan. The Minister for Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht may recommend structures to the planning authorities for inclusion on the RPS. Sites/structures/groups of structures rated by the NIAH as being of Regional or above importance are included in the Minister’s recommendations The NIAH is currently carrying out a programme of County Surveys in order to indicate to planning authorities a representative sample of the range of structures worthy of protection in their administrative areas. 3. NIAH County Surveys The NIAH County Surveys form a baseline of information. The Core Data Index to Historic Buildings and Monuments of the Architectural Heritage was recommended by the Council of Europe in 1992 to identify categories of information necessary to record structures and sites of historic and architectural interest. The Core Data Index and the practice and methodologies of other member states of the Council of Europe were reviewed and adapted to suit an Irish context. Thus the County Surveys have the minimum information necessary to uniquely identify, record, and evaluate a representative sample of the range of structures that merit protection. The survey methodology is set out in the NIAH Handbook (Edition July 2012) . We welcome comments, corrections or queries at: National Inventory of Architectural Heritage Department of Culture Heritage & the Gaeltacht Dublin D01 W6X0 Telephone: LoCall 1890 20 20 21 or +353 (0)1 888 20 00 For further information on the work of the Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht visit www.chg.gov.ie/.

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In the Church, we speak of grace quite a bit, but do we really understand it? The catechism defines grace as “God’s favor towards us, unearned and undeserved; by grace God forgives our sins, enlightens our minds, stirs our hearts, and strengthens our wills.” (Book of Common Prayer, 858) Through God’s grace our failures, our “missing the mark” is forgiven, and through God’s grace we are given the wisdom to learn from our failures, we are given the desire in our heart to change, and we are endued with the strength to make change. Grace is experienced in tangible ways through the sacraments. “The sacraments are outward and visible signs of inward and spiritual grace, given by Christ as sure and certain means by which we receive that grace.” (Book of Common Prayer, 857) Through Baptism, the Eucharist, and through other rites of the church, we experience God’s grace, God’s love toward us and we share in that mutual experience; we share in the relationship with God. Theologian Edward Campbell adds, “Grace names the undeserved gift that creates relationships and the sustaining, responding, forbearing attitude-plus-action that nurtures relationships.” (The Oxford Companion to the Bible, Oxford University Press, New York, 1993, Edward F. Campbell, 259) Grace is all about relationships. As Christians, relationships for us involve primarily our love for God and our love for each other. Our Lord commands us to love God with all that we are, and commands us to love our neighbor as ourselves. Therefore, the grace that is extended to us from God is the grace that we are to extend to each other. Despite our failures, despite our “missing the mark,” God freely offers grace to us, and we are called to offer the same to each other. As the Body of Christ, we are a “Community of Grace” that is called to embrace those moments when we miss the mark, as a learning moment, a teaching moment, a growth moment, and most importantly, a moment for us to show grace to one another. Campbell asserts, “One senses God’s graciousness by observing the best of human action, but divine and human paradigms of grace inform one another: human grace imitates and depicts God’s grace; God’s grace calls forth human imitation.” (Campbell, 260.) We get glimpses of God’s grace through the best of human action, and that human and divine action was fully revealed in the life, ministry, death and resurrection of Our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. Grace is all about restoration, reconciliation, and healing. A few years ago, the UK band U2 recorded their fabulous alternative hit “Grace.” Today, the words of this song ring true about the nature of grace: (YOUTUBE video link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jrRfoEEDENo&feature=related ) As a “Community of Grace” called together to be vessels of grace for each other and the world, may we see each moment of our common life together as an opportunity to learn, an opportunity to teach, an opportunity to grow, and an opportunity to be the sacramental presence of grace in a hurting and broken world. Peace, Fr. Eric+

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What is Music Therapy? Music therapy is an evidence-based allied health service similar to physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language pathology that uses music as the therapeutic tool to address physical, cognitive, social, emotional, psychological, spiritual, and/or behavioral needs. Why Should I Try Music Therapy? - Music is part of our every-day life and provides a non-threatening, fun, and reinforcing way to address needs in all domains (physical, cognitive, social, emotional, spiritual and behavioral). - Music structures communication, expression, and interaction allowing clients to develop relationships and address issues they may not be able to address using words alone. - Music therapists can empower clients with healthy coping mechanisms to control pain, discomfort, anger, frustration, stress, sadness, aggression, and/or anxiety. What Are Some Music Therapy Interventions We May Use in Sessions? - Lyric Analysis - Music Assisted Relaxation - Music Discussion/Education - Mood Vectoring - Iso Principle - Music and Movement - Song Selection/Dedication What Are Some Things We Might Work on in Music Therapy? - Increase independence and decision-making skills - Improve reality testing and problem-solving skills - Improve concentration and attention span - Improve executive functioning/planning skills - Enhance awareness of self and environment - Improve expressive and receptive communication - Increase verbal and non-verbal self-awareness and self-expression - Positive social interaction and improve social awareness - Improve group cohesiveness - Decrease isolation and improved sense of belonging - Increase ability to resolve conflicts leading to stronger family, peer, and work relationships - Increase sense of control over and satisfaction with life - Support healthy feelings and thoughts - Positive changes in mood, affect, and/or emotional states - Increase awareness of personal feelings and therapeutic issues - Improve interest, self-image, self-esteem, and feelings of self-purpose - Increase motivation - Successful, safe, and appropriate emotional release - Improve coping mechanisms - Increase ability to relax the mind and body in healthy ways - Improve biochemical indicators of immune functioning and stress levels How Do I Know if Someone is Qualified to Provide Music Therapy Services? - Qualified music therapists carry the credential MT-BC indicating that they have passed the national, independent certification board exam and have maintained awareness of current practice through continuing education or retesting. DO NOT work with anyone claiming to be a music therapist without the MT-BC designation. - To confirm MT-BC status go to: http://www.cbmt.org/certificant_search

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Would you like a side of anaphylaxis with your burger? How about nausea, stomach cramps, indigestion, vomiting, diarrhea, congestion, sneezing, headaches or asthma? Such is the possibility if you have been nibbled upon by a Lone Star tick because a single bite can cause "alpha-gal allergic reaction," according to a 2012 study presented at the Annual Scientific Meeting of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI). Alpha-gal is a sugar carbohydrate found in red meats such as beef, pork and lamb. Following a tick bite, antibodies to alpha-gal in the tick's saliva are produced in the person's blood. Since alpha-gal is also found in meat, once bitten, a person's immune system can trigger the release of histamine in response to the presence of the substance, causing an allergic reaction ranging from mild to severe. Some people also have an allergic response to dairy products. "Blood levels of antibodies for alpha-gal in the human body can rise after a single bite from the Lone Star tick," said allergist Stanley Fineman, M.D., ACAAI president. "This can result in allergic symptoms which are usually delayed after meat ingestion and may present as mild hives but may also be a severe, potentially deadly reaction known as anaphylaxis." According to the study, positive alpha-gal rates are 32 percent higher in the central and southern regions of the United States, which is Lone Star tick territory. But researchers also found surprisingly high positive rates in the north-central and west regions of the country, places where the Lone Star tick doesn't reside. "These findings suggest that other species of ticks, or possibly human factors, may play a role in allergic reactions to alpha-gal," said Fineman. "Patients with delayed allergic reactions after eating meats should see an allergist to determine if it is an alpha-gal allergy. The best treatment is strict avoidance of meat.” Becoming more common There were only a few known cases of the allergy about a decade ago when it was first identified, according to Dr. Scott Commins, an allergist and associate professor of medicine at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, who was one of the first physicians to identify the allergy in patients with tick bites. Numbers have risen sharply since then. "We're confident the number is over 5,000 [cases], and that's in the U.S. alone," Commins tells NPR. There are even cases in other parts of the world, including Sweden, Germany and Australia, that are likely associated with other species of ticks. Commins says that as the Lone Star tick has move beyond the Southeast, there have been case of alpha gal meat allergies farther north, including Maine, Minnesota and New York. "The range of the tick is expanding," says Commins, who mentioned that awareness about the allergy is also spreading. "We have a blood test, and the word is getting out." Editor's note: This story was originally published in November 2012 and has been updated with new information.

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My friend Sally used to corral her three teenage children to clean their house every Saturday morning. I was envious of her chutzpa to demand this of her kids, but the part of the story that was always tragic to me was that every Saturday afternoon without fail, Sally's son Sam was sent to his room for hyperactive, "out of control" behavior. Looking at the cause and effect of the son's behavior through my lens of awareness of how neurotoxic many cleaning chemicals are, I could see it would make sense that the son's central nervous system and brain could be reacting to these chemicals. Symptoms of neurotoxicity include lack of concentration, personality changes, depression, hyperactivity and the mimicking of psychiatric disorders. Not being particularly "green," the cleaning products Sally would buy for her kids to use were the standard store-bought fare readily available in supermarkets. Examples of neurotoxins found in such products include VOCs (furniture polish can contain VOCs), neurotoxic disinfectants, petroleum distillates, fragrances (scented products are notoriously neurotoxic,) and waxes (VOCs again in the solvents), to name a few. Pesticides take front seat in the arsenal of poisons that hurt the central nervous system and brain. After all, they are designed to kill. A new study reported in the June issue of Pediatrics, published online May 17, links organophosphate pesticide metabolites found in urine to a much higher incidence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). "Each 10-fold increase in urinary concentration of organophosphate metabolites was associated with a 55 percent to 72 percent increase in the odds of ADHD," study author Maryse F. Bouchard, PhD, of the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Montreal, told Medscape Psychiatry. Another example of subtle neurotoxic exposure children suffer through that most adults miss is to the solvents in markers in art class. When my daughter was in school, one year the math class was the period after art class, and she said that the kids were always "off the walls" in math class. What a tragedy, and one that could so easily be avoided if schools stopped allowing neurotoxic art materials to be used. How many kids thought they were bad at math when the culprit was the colored markers? I've often wondered why the dots haven't been connected by most people between neurotoxic chemicals and ADHD-type behavior. After all, if a neurotoxic chemical is known to cause depression, for example, and that chemical is being used, why do so few people (and almost no psychiatrists) say, oh my gosh, let's remove the neurotoxin? At least one thing parents can do is to remove neurotoxins from the home. Here are eleven quick solutions: Yes to "green" dry cleaning using C02, no to dry cleaning with perchlorethelene (and hanging clothes in bedroom closets); Yes to water-based markers, no to solvent-based markers; Yes to natural furniture polishes or simple jojoba oil (a natural wax), no to furniture polish made of volatile organic chemicals; Yes to organic produce, no to highly processed foods. Yes to food with natural food coloring, no to food with FD&C dyes; Yes to safe integrated pest management, no to synthetic pesticides; Yes to cedar and herbs for moths, no to moth balls; Yes to natural essential oils for fragrance, no to synthetic perfumes and fragrances; Yes to vegetable-based Free and Clear detergents and cleaning products, no to cleaning products containing volatile organic chemicals; Yes to efficient heating systems, no to kerosene, open gas, or other systems that could leak carbon monoxide; Yes to educating yourself about lead paint and other sources of lead, no to hoping for the best if you live in a house built before 1978. Simple steps such as these can make a big difference. Being away from neurotoxins helps you have more serene sleep, babies are less fussy, children concentration is improved, people are calmer and the lifestyle helps you have a better sense of well-being.

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By Dennis Polkow Of all of the Rodgers & Hammerstein musicals, 1949’s “South Pacific” has the distinction of boasting the duo’s most well-known and beloved score. Considered by many to be the most romantic musical ever written, its tale of two star-crossed lovers—each involving American service personnel stationed in an exotic island locale—really struck a deep and resonant chord with postwar America. And yet, because one lover was a Pacific Islander and the other a widower who had fathered children with a native, “South Pacific” also tackled what was a truly taboo subject matter in its day, one that remains a hot-button issue six decades later: racial prejudice. Although based on James Michener’s Pulitzer Prize-winning novel “Tales of the South Pacific,” which had placed the “n” word on the lips of American nurse Nellie Forbush, R & H were content to change this to “colored,” the politically correct 1940s Caucasian term for any darker race or nationality that wasn’t white or Asian. Even that was too much for 1949, as it turned out, but the duo would not back down. The Act II song “You’ve Got to be Carefully Taught,” which had caused trouble from the first New Haven previews of the show, was widely and immensely criticized, even despised. But the song would stay, even if it meant the failure of the show. Even the Navy itself became involved when a lieutenant commander wrote the duo a letter in effect ordering that the song be cut, as if to question R & H’s patriotism if they did not. Oscar Hammerstein II quickly and carefully responded, “I am most anxious to make the point not only that prejudice exists and is a problem, but that its birth lies in teaching and not in the fallacious belief that there are biological, physiological, and mental differences between the races.” Ironically, the popularity of the show was such that its first national tour made its way right smack into segregated theaters—and not all were in the South—but R & H would have none of it: any theater that wanted “South Pacific” had to integrate and, amazingly, most did. In 1953, however, when the show was playing in Atlanta, the Georgia state legislature actually introduced a bill to denounce “You Have to be Carefully Taught” in an otherwise “fine piece of entertainment” as “interracial propaganda inspired by Moscow.” Some have seen the controversy as part of why it has taken more than sixty years for a Broadway revival of “South Pacific,” but there are also the demands of the score, which are considerable. Italian bass-baritone Ezio Pinza originated the role of Emile de Becque, and while the show has always been a staple of opera companies, more often than not, show voices have been used in other productions. R & H’s original intentions were to use the best of both of the opera and musical-theater worlds (Mary Martin originated the role of Nellie Forbush) and that is the approach of the current Broadway revival that recently began its national tour and which is coming to the area next week. American bass-baritone David Pittsinger, a bona fide opera star who just sang the role of Angelotti in the Metropolitan Opera production of Puccini’s “Tosca” that was also shown around the country in movie theaters, recently serenaded the media at a luncheon given by the Rosemont Theatre to promote the seven-time Tony Award-winning production, which is touching down—elaborate airplane, ships, full orchestra, chorus, dancers and all—at the suburban venue for Thanksgiving week. Without a microphone, Pittsinger offered up one of the most sparkling renditions of “Some Enchanted Evening” imaginable, as well as “This Nearly was Mine” as an encore, without the wobble often associated with the fact that aging and retired opera stars have usually taken this role (Pittsinger is 46). The show has immense significance for him, as not only does he center his career in France (the lead character is French) but his marriage and children are interracial as well. If the passion with which Pittsinger not only performed but spoke of the ongoing significance of the show’s message is any indication, this is going to be one hell of a show. “South Pacific” plays from November 24-29 at the Rosemont Theatre, 5400 N. River Road, Rosemont, (800)745-3000, $39.50-$79.50.

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China has vowed to stop adding routine antibiotics to animal feed, starting in 2020, to reduce the ill effects of overuse, and some Chinese livestock companies are exploring the potential of traditional Chinese medicine to promote healthy development of animals. Antibiotics have long been used to kill harmful bacteria in both animals and people. But the continued overuse of the drugs has led to the serious problem of resistance. The European Union decided in 2006 to eliminate antibiotic growth promoters from animal feed and China has announced that it will follow suit starting from next year. The move is in line with the requirement of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in October 2017, that China should "push green development" and "implement food security strategy to ensure people have access to safe food". Statistics from the Chinese Academy of Sciences show that in 2013, China used more than 16 million tons of antibiotic products, and half are used for animals, leading to the release of 5 million tons of antibiotic residues into water and soil. "The State will no longer allow the use of antibiotic growth promoters next year and what we can do is improve the immune systems of animals in a more healthy manner," said Zhang Jing, an animal science professor of Jilin University. To that end, some provinces, such as Jilin, Liaoning and Guangdong, have formed industry associations to promote use of feed free of antibiotics. Meanwhile, to solve the problem of disease prevention and treatment, some researchers and enterprises are experimenting with using traditional Chinese medicine to meet the requirements not to use antibiotics. "Many livestock farms and enterprises want to find products to promote animal growth without antibiotics, but it is a challenging task," said Du Yunsheng, head of the Kangfa Animal Drug Institute in Changchun, capital of Jilin. "We have been experimenting with TCM to improve the immune capability of animals and prevent and cure animal diseases for 15 years and have achieved satisfactory results," said Du. Du said he became a veterinarian in 1993 after graduating from an agricultural school, and at that time, antibiotics were widely used. "I felt that antibiotics had been overused and had become harmful, and therefore I began thinking about ways to replace them," he told China Daily. He later formed a research institute for companies testing and promoting the use of TCM in animal treatment. By 2016, Du had developed 10 corporate standards and 11 patents on use of TCM in raising livestock. "National standards are yet to be established in this respect," Du said. The local government has also selected 40 pig raising farms with more than 10,000 sows to promote his TCM-based solution. Du's solution mainly involves the combination of different TCM herbs in accordance with different growth stages of the animals. "We conducted experiments on tens of thousands of pigs, chickens and other animals over a period of 15 years," he said. Correctly used, TCM herbs are effective and quick in curing diseases and promoting growth of animals." The use of TCM herbs can reduce stress and inflammatory response, increase feed intake and weight, reduce mortality, and increase feed conversion, he said. The cost of TCM herbs is the main bottleneck for many livestock farmers and enterprises that want to use them to replace antibiotics. But Du said costs are high due to incorrect selection of herbs. "There are numerous herbs in nature and many of them can work to solve the same problem; so we can select herbs that are seldomly used to treat people to form our low-cost herb combinations," he said. Since those types of herbs are not used to treat people, generally they are not in tight demand and are therefore not expensive, he explained. "Actually, the herbs we use are cheap and will not increase costs for livestock farmers much." Through improving the immune systems of animals, TCM herbs may hopefully provide some clue for preventing and curing the spread of the African swine fever virus, he said. "Research should be conducted to find out whether TCM herbs can play a role." Copyright©2020 China Daily. All rights reserved.

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Sounds impossible? How can you plant something so infinite and so vast? Can you pluck a star out of the sky to fertilize, water and gaze upon? Well, no. But what about a flower with a celestial name that’s as radiant as the sun: the yellow cosmos. An annual herb native to Mexico and northern regions of South America, this sunny yellow flower was favored by Spanish priests to adorn their mission gardens. Care and adaptability Yellow cosmos prefer hot, dry weather and poor soil conditions. It is a perfectly adapted plant for southeast Texas gardens. Plant cosmos seeds when the soil is warm or around 65 degrees. For our region that can be as early as March and as late as September and October. Choose a location which receives 8-10 hours of full sun; too much shade reduces flower production. Cover seeds lightly with soil so they receive enough sunlight for germination. Keep the soil moist for 5-10 days after seeding. Look for sprouts in the next 7 to 21 days and soon after you will have a garden full of rays of sunshine beaming from your yellow cosmos. Cosmos thrives on neglect! If watered too frequently and fertilized too heavily, the plant will grow too tall, flop over and produce fewer flowers. Easy to care for cosmos can grow from 1.5 to 6 feet tall and 1 to 3 feet wide, forming a long taproot to reach water deep within the soil. When other plants are struggling in 100-degree temperatures, cosmos thrive. Prolong the late summer to fall bloom time by removing dying flowers (deadhead) frequently. When seeds form, the plant may be cut back to encourage re-blooming. In late fall, stop deadheading to allow the plants to form seeds which attract small birds, particularly gold finches. Resistant to most pests and diseases, yellow cosmos is a valuable wildlife plant in the garden. The single yellow flowers are extremely attractive to butterflies, bees and beneficial insects such as lacewings and parasitic wasps which help control garden pests. Hummingbirds are attracted to the cosmos nectar while many small backyard birds love the seeds. Cosmos is listed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as one of the flowering annuals most attractive to butterflies. Beyond the garden It is also easy to grow cosmos from seed in containers. Just remember to avoid over-fertilization and over-watering. If your garden is pesticide free, cosmos is edible and can be used as an attractive addition to salads. Add a pop of color to your flower arrangement with some cut cosmos. When correctly harvested, cosmos arrangements can last 7-10 days. Select flowers that have just opened, cutting them early in the morning when the highest water content is contained in the stems. Immediately place the cut flowers in a container of lukewarm water and strip foliage from the stems to prevent decay. Bouquets of cosmos provide a light, airy, cheerful appearance. Growing cosmos in southeast Texas is one of the easiest possible gardening projects. Fall planting time is now. Cosmos seeds are available at local home stores and from online retailers. Grow it and enjoy the other worldly results! For more information on gardening, or to learn about the upcoming Pollinator Gardening class on October 26, 2019 visit http://www.thewoodlandstownship-tx.gov/environment or email email@example.com

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Pocket Protection” Uses Humor To Teach HIV/STD Prevention Strategies A game created by five students at the University of Central Florida’s Florida Interactive Entertainment Academy finished in the Top 5 of the Centers For Disease Control and Prevention’s “GameOn! Challenge.” The challenge was open to any game developer and encouraged participants to create a fun and engaging mobile game that delivered accurate health messages. A panel of external partners and CDC staff did the judging and the students were notified on July 18 that their game, “Pocket Protection,” had won Honorable Mention. “Pocket Protection” is a dating simulation game that uses dialogue, mini-games, customizable characters and humor to teach its target demographic of 18-24 year olds sexual safe practices like getting an STD test, using condoms and getting treated for sexual diseases. The CDC reports that people age 15-24 make up nearly half of the 19 million new STD diagnoses each year. The game was started in Jan. of 2014 and took approximately 3 weeks to make. The development team included FIEA students Karl Abad, Cecilia Lajon, Phillip Lee Fatt, Jarrod Pope and Monica Alvarez. “The goal of the game was to create a fun experience that didn’t talk down to the target audience,” said Karl Abad, project lead on the game. “We wanted the player to be able to laugh but still get the information they need.” Deliver accurate health messages that emphasize the importance of one or more of the following five messages supporting HIV and STD prevention: - Get the Facts – Provide the facts on HIV and STDs, including how it is (and is not) spread. Share information on how to reduce the risk of HIV and STD transmission including the choice not to have sex. - Speak Up – Encourage youth to talk about HIV and STDs in their relationships, with health care providers, friends, and family. Talking openly and honestly about HIV and STDs will help reduce stigma. - Use Condoms – When used consistently and correctly, latex condoms are highly effective in preventing HIV and STDs. But some people are allergic to condoms. But there are other ways to protect yourself. - Get Tested – Early diagnosis saves lives. Know where to get tested. Make HIV and STD testing a part of routine health care. - Get Treated – Many STDs are curable and all are treatable. There are effective medications available to help people with HIV live long and healthy lives. Go to http://challengepost.com/software/pocket-protection to find out more about the game. Go to http://gameon.challengepost.com/ to find out more about the GameOn! Challenge. Part of the University of Central Florida, the Florida Interactive Entertainment Academy (FIEA) offers an industry-based graduate gaming education in a world-class facility in downtown Orlando. Work on the latest game engines and software and be mentored by faculty with decades of game-making experience. In 16 months, learn to be a producer, programmer or artist as you earn a Master’s degree in Interactive Entertainment. Financial assistance is available. Learn more at www.fiea.ucf.edu.

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Q: In one of your training classes, you mentioned the importance of establishing data linkages between the various quality subsystems of our overall Quality System. Can you explain further and provide some examples? A: FDA believes these four quality subsystems should be the foundation of every firm’s quality efforts: - Management Controls - Design Controls - Corrective and Preventive Actions (CAPA) - Production and Process Controls To realize the full value of these subsystems, you must reinforce them with data links. In other words, you should interconnect and leverage the quality subsystems with the relevant data they naturally produce. Start by developing a process flow diagram of your entire quality system, then track how you want the data to flow. Look at your procedures to ensure they support fast and accurate data transfer among your subsystems. In doing so, you’ll likely spot gaps in both the links and in your procedures. Below is a simplified diagram of the quality subsystems approach. Notice the CAPA system resides squarely in the middle. All of your subsystems should send data to your CAPA subsystem and — correspondingly — the data you collect and analyze under CAPA should flow back to inform and improve the other subsystems. – From your Design Control subsystem, production specifications should flow into your Production and Process Controls subsystem. In return, data reflecting the real-world experience of making products should flow back into design control. Design control also should feed your CAPA subsystem, because design should dictate what data you collect and review for continual design improvement. – In your Management Controls subsystem, create inbound links from nonconformance data identified by internal audits conducted under CAPA. Use management controls to review all recommended corrective actions, and look for warning signs of additional deficiencies in your quality system. Additionally, use management controls to double-check how thoroughly you are investigating the root causes of nonconformances flowing from your CAPA subsystem. – In your Production and Process Control subsystem, make sure design changes and engineering revisions flow quickly to the production lines. In return, feed nonconformance data from your testing stations into your CAPA subsystem. You should be testing incoming components, in-process assemblies and finished products. You also want to ensure your Management Controls subsystem reviews all concerns about production yields and efficiencies. A well-linked CAPA subsystem often will suffice, but some seemingly harmless production problems might be shielded from the “quality folks”, including product concessions — products deemed OK for release despite some degree of nonconformance. “Make your Production and Process Controls subsystem a gold mine of production data. Then let your CAPA and Management Controls subsystems decide what’s important and what’s not.” Make your Production and Process Controls subsystem a gold mine of production data. Then let your CAPA and Management Controls subsystems decide what’s important and what’s not. At least once a year, as part of your management controls, take a step back and critically evaluate your quality subsystem and their connections. Why go to all this effort? Ensuring the safety and effectiveness of your products is by far the main reason, but here’s another reason: FDA believes a firm’s attention to the four core quality subsystems provides one of the best indicators of its commitment to QSR compliance. Answered by Denise Dion, Vice President of Regulatory and Quality Services for EduQuest, who served 18 years at the U.S. FDA as an expert field investigator and who was co-editor of FDA’s Investigations Operations Manual, which is updated annually as a resource for FDA’s own investigators. Denise is the lead instructor for EduQuest’s training class on QSR Compliance Basics: Complying with FDA’s 21 CFR 820 Quality System Regulation.

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Venomous Lionfish Invade South Florida Waters VoneResearch.org and LionfishHunters.org Help Save Our Reefs Through the mist in the early morning hours the Vŏnē Research Vessel makes its way out to sea carrying a small group of volunteers who are on a mission. A mission to find and capture one of the most beautiful yet dreaded invaders ever introduced to our South Florida waters; the lionfish. There have been a reported 68 different invading marine species found throughout Florida, the Caribbean, and the Gulf of Mexico over the last century according to the U.S. Geological Survey, but none have wreaked as much havoc on the marine environment as the voracious red lionfish that devour native fish populations wherever it invades. Lionfish have no known predators because they do not belong in these waters. There is nothing here to eat them, and nothing to stop them from consuming all of South Florida’s reef fish. Lionfish were once among the top 10 imported tropical fish for aquariums, but when the lionfish grew too large aquarium owners began dumping the fish into the waters of the Atlantic. Now they are breeding at a pace so rapid that scientists and volunteers are feverishly trying to fight the invasion. To do this they are studying and collecting the lionfish, trying to eliminate a species now found in deep as well as shallow waters. Dr. Mark A. Hixon, Professor of Zoology, and a team of graduate and undergraduate students from Oregon State University have demonstrated that a single lionfish can reduce the population of juvenile fish on small coral reefs by 80 percent in just five weeks. One large lionfish can consume 20 smaller coral reef fish in a 30-minute period. Lionfish are carnivores that can eat other fish up to two-thirds their own length. The loss of the herbivorous fish on the reefs will set the stage for seaweed to potentially overwhelm the coral reefs and disrupt the stability of the environment in which they exist. Once established lionfish will destroy our reefs and throw our entire ecosystem out of balance leaving our coral reefs to die and seaweed to take over. Please help Vŏnē Research stop the invasion of this highly venomous species by supporting our efforts and this website… before it is too late! - The average length of the Lionfish is 12 inches, but they can grow up to 15 inches long and weigh up to 2.6 pounds. Lionfish reach sexual maturity within two years and spawn multiple times during each spawning season, producing up to 30,000 eggs. Due to the rapid nature of the invasion of lionfish it must be realized that a complete eradication of the species is impossible, therefore a lionfish Management Plan needs to be devised and implemented to actively manage the amount of impact that lionfish will have in the Atlantic. Help From Trackers Vŏnē Research has recently starting working with dive boat operators to assist us and our partner organizations in one aspect of our lionfish Education, Management and Control Program. We are using them as trackers to report to us the GPS coordinates and reef locations where lionfish are spotted by their dive patrons. Since venomous lionfish began invading the Cayman reefs back in 2008, divers were the only line of defense against them. However, groupers are now joining in on the fight. On Little Cayman, dive masters began feeding lionfish to groupers in hopes that the large fish would teach other groupers to do the same. You can help us. Here’s how: There are several ways that you can help control the lionfish population in South Florida. If you have observed lionfish, please use our Report Form to help us record your findings. Learn about proper observation, handling and cleaning procedures, and browse recipes. Experienced divers, help us protect our precious South Florida coral reef ecosystem. Educate others about the lionfish invasion. Share our website with your friends.

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What is visible spectrum in Physics? This question has been asked lots of occasions by a lot of students who are fascinated by Physics and its mysteries. What’s visible spectrum in Physics is definitely the physics formula that provides a basis to understand the equations of Physics. It assists you understand what mass in Physics implies in terms of science and in terms of physics equations. Mass in Physics Formula: This formula, which can be known as the Mass in Physics Formula is among the most popular formulas of Physics. Essentially, the formula is derived from the Planck’s Continuous and also the Boltzmann continual. By figuring out the mass in Physics Formula, it can allow you to have an understanding of what the Boltzmann constant is and what the Planck’s continuous implies. What will be the speed of light? Knowing the formula of Planck’s continual, the speed of light is straight related for the constant within this formula. The above formulas are a few of the common formulas of Physics in Skyrim Se Physics. You need to know the formulas, to ensure that you may understand the physics. You possess the opportunity to study Physics in Skyrim by visiting lots of colleges and universities all about the globe. You can find even Universities in United states of america that offer you such an chance to study Physics. From time to time, you will find other websites that offer you interesting facts on Physics in Skyrim. Having said that, these internet websites usually do not teach you the formulas of Physics. Some on the net universities provide the on-line classes of Physics. Among the list of benefits of taking such on line classes is the fact that it is possible to study them although functioning. It aids you save dollars, which can be needed for attending common classes. If you study Physics in High College, you may apply for scholarships. On the web universities offer you the likelihood to apply for the scholarship, which will help you spend the tuition charges of on line University. But, as the expertise about Physics increases, the cost of education goes up. So, it can be greater for those who study Physics in Higher College and then transfer to a college or university for further studies. is mla format always double spaced But, there are lots of solutions accessible for you personally. Just uncover a site where you may obtain several tutorials about Physics. There are numerous web-sites which give the speak to specifics of teachers, which might help you get the best teacher for the needs. You need to be cautious whilst choosing the tutor and make certain that he is a trained Physics teacher. So, discover about Physics in Skyrim and be proud of figuring out that you’re one of those people who’ve understood the mysteries of Physics. Only then you can expect to have exciting jobs and be capable of make a name for oneself.

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Teaching kids to write: UWF project targets Escambia, Santa Rosa teachers Heather MacDonald's fifth-grade students are going to write every day this year. At the end of just the second day of school last week, MacDonald already had plans in place for her students to write — as she did this summer — even if it's only for five minutes a day. MacDonald wants to read what her students have to say about Xbox, skateboards or a fight with their siblings. "I think it's important for them to know who they are, and that's what the writing project taught me," said MacDonald, a 26-year-old starting her fourth year of teaching at Pleasant Grove Elementary School in Pensacola. "They find out who they are through words." MacDonald was one of 50 Escambia and Santa Rosa county teachers who attended a summer seminar on how to improve the teaching of writing and the use of writing across educational disciplines from kindergarten to college. Now as a new school year gets into full swing, those teachers have a chance to teach what they learned. The Emerald Coast Writing Project at the University of West Florida kept teachers such as MacDonald busy for eight hours a day over 15 weekdays in June. "I say the vast majority of teachers come in not feeling confident in their own writing," said Susan James, UWF associate professor of teacher education and educational leadership and the director of the university's writing project. "The way standardized testing has gone, I think teachers feel they don't have a lot of time to motivate and engage students, and I help them figure out how to weave it in. They can cover standards and do it in a way that motivates and engages students." Lori Ziegler, a sixth-grade language arts teacher at Holley-Navarre Middle School in Santa Rosa County, called the professional development sessions "life changing." "It removed the pressure and stigma of teaching writing," Ziegler said. "So often, we're met with students who hate to write, who hate to read. So, you go to class and you're feeling like you're fighting an uphill battle." Ziegler, like MacDonald, said learning is going to be different in her classroom this year, where writing is a focus of the curriculum. The students are going to write "what's in your head," she said, and the teachers will use their thoughts and words to teach them the rules. "That is the only way they'll see it's not hard," Ziegler said. From these exercises, MacDonald and Ziegler said they'll incorporate other lessons. On one day, it might be an emphasis on word choice and vocabulary. MacDonald said she wants the students to think of the word "amusing," instead of funny. Ziegler, who will give her students journals so they can track their progress through the year, will dig into other subjects to help the children in writing lessons. "I want vocabulary in other subjects to be touchstones in my class," Ziegler said. "They own these words. It's my job that vocabulary becomes part of their educational armor."

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In 2005, about 200 people ate ‘zombie’ deer meat. Here’s what happened CWD is an always-fatal disease that leaves their brains full of holes. What is this always-fatal condition and how do people fight its spread? As people wonder what might happen if humans eat meat from "zombie" deer, there is at least one group of people who already know. On March 13, 2005, a fire company in Oneida County, New York, fed the meat of a deer that tested positive for chronic wasting disease to 200 to 250 people. The company didn't know the meat was from a diseased deer. Laboratory tests for one of the deer served came back positive for CWD later. Because little was known about what happens to people who eat infected meat, the Oneida County Health Department monitored the group's health through a surveillance project. About 80 people who ate the venison agreed to participate. Together with the State University of New York-Binghamton, health experts checked in with the group of mostly white males over the course of six years to see whether they developed any unusual symptoms. Start the day smarter: Get USA TODAY's Daily Briefing delivered to your inbox In a study published in the peer-reviewed medical journal Public Health, researchers found the group had "no significant changes in health conditions." They did report eating less venison after the whole ordeal. Otherwise, observed conditions, including vision loss, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, weight changes, hypertension and arthritis, were credited to old age. "It’s the only study I’m aware of that has this progressive follow-up of a known point source contamination where we know the people ate a contaminated animal," researcher Ralph Garruto, professor of biomedical and biological sciences at Binghamton University, told USA TODAY. Garruto said his team checks in with the group every two years and plans another follow-up in spring. Though he said the chance of symptoms appearing dwindles with time, there's a small possibility that someone might show signs of the disease. "It only takes one case," he said. There have been no reported cases of CWD in humans, but the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and state wildlife offices urge hunters to take precautions in areas where the disease has been found in animals. In laboratory studies, CWD has been able to cross species. "Right now, most scientists believe there is a pretty strong 'species barrier,' which means that it’s unlikely the disease will jump to a new species," Krysten Schuler, wildlife disease ecologist and co-director at the Cornell Wildlife Health Lab, told USA TODAY. But some experts have predicted CWD could one day infect humans. Michael Osterholm, director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota, said it's "probable" that humans will come down with the disease after eating meat "in the years ahead." Follow Ashley May on Twitter: @AshleyMayTweets

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What are the dangers associated with under and overfeeding ewes? With the lambing period fast approaching for mid-season flocks, farmers will be anxious that ewes are in good condition to avoid any health problems. Every spring, sheep farmers come across a number of different health problems, whether it’s got to do with the ewe or her lambs. In the case of ewes, problems can arise in terms of under and overfeeding. Ewes that are underfed will mobilise their body reserves. This, in turn, will result in less vigorous lambs, with the likelihood of increased losses. Twin lamb disease The most common animal health problem associated with underfed ewes is twin lamb disease (pregnancy toxaemia). Although it is not very common on well-managed sheep farms, it is still a concern this time of the year. To counteract this problem, ewes should be fed good-quality feed of at least 70% dry matter digestibility (DMD) and concentrates. In the case of twin and triplet-bearing ewes, they will require extra concentrates to meet the demand of the growing foetus. In the last four-to-six weeks of pregnancy, ewes will require a ration that contains adequate amounts of soya bean. Soya bean is crucial for the production of colostrum – especially for ewes that are carrying two or more lambs. Another problem that can be seen on Irish sheep farms is ewes prolapsing. Generally, this is associated with heavy ewes and can be seen quite frequently with ewes that are carrying two or more lambs or ewe hoggets. Therefore, in order to reduce the chance of this happening, it is best to draw up a suitable feed plan for single-bearing, twin-bearing and triplet-bearing ewes. Prolapsing is not entirely the result of overfeeding and is related to a number of other factors. However, a farmer is in control of what he feeds his ewes. Therefore, by supplementing ewes with what they need and not overfeeding, this problem can be minimised. Farmers should avoid feeding high intakes of concentrates, as this can lead to prolapsing. Furthermore, ewes that are carrying two or more lambs are under severe pressure and this can result in ewes prolapsing. Despite the fact that both twin lamb disease and prolapsing occur under different circumstances, they can be minimised by carrying out the same procedures. First and foremost, when ewes are being scanned or being housed before lambing, they should be body condition scored (BCS). This will allow the farmer to identify any thin or heavy ewes. This, in turn, will allow the farmer to draw up a feed plan. Another important factor to take in is feed space. A ewe that weighs 90kg requires a meal feeding space of at least 600mm. Ewes that don’t have access to adequate fed space will lose condition and mobilise their own energy reserves instead of passing them on to their offspring.

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The importance of wheel tightening is often overlooked, but an incorrectly fitted wheel can have serious consequences on the safety of a vehicle and its passengers. For vehicle service professionals, wheel changing needs to be achieved quickly and simply to maximize profitability: but there is also a major safety element that needs to be part of the equation – the correct application of torque. Over-tightened and under-tightened lug nuts can result in a potentially catastrophic failure of the wheel. Wheel nuts that are over-tightened risk being damaged, stretched and broken, especially when hitting potholes and bumps in the road. Wheel nuts that are under-tightened can back out or sheer off, causing premature wear and separation of the wheel from the hub. Irregular nut tightening on the same wheel is also a problem: it can lead to broken nuts, movement, vibrations and even wheel detachment. Mechanics and garage technicians that change tires are ultimately responsible for ensuring that wheels are tightened correctly. Failure to do so can result in customer complaints, loss of repeat business and even litigation. The good news is that correct tightening is easily achievable without compromising efficiency and productivity. How do we achieve good tightening? Wheels are correctly fitted when nuts are tightened to the torque specified by the vehicle manufacturer and the wheel is properly aligned with the hub. The right torque can be easily achieved through using the right tool for the job: for example, a classic impact wrench on the lower setting (the working torque of the tool should not exceed the required torque) or wrenches with a ‘torque limited’ TL feature which guarantees that the required torque is not exceeded. You should finish the job using a torque wrench to ensure the right torque of each nut. Torque wrenches are precision tools, so to ensure that they continue to deliver excellent performance, you should calibrate them once a year and keep them well maintained. Protect them from shock by storing them in their protective cases and reset them to the lowest value when not being used. Inspect the nuts before re-assembling the wheel, to double check they are fit for purpose. If there are any fissures, deformation or fatigue then they will not be up to the job. Ensure the nuts and studs are clean. If any dirt (e.g. mud, salt or rust) has accumulated this will affect the quality of the tightening. This is particularly important after winter and there are specific tools and accessories to help, such as stud cleaners and small sanders. Lubricate the nuts and studs. This can be done using a small manual oil pump, placing 1 drop of oil between the nut and washer and rotating the washer to distribute the oil evenly. Follow the star pattern to tighten the nuts, i.e. tighten nuts that are opposite each other, rather than next to each other, first. This ensures good contact between the wheel and the hub Don’t forget to subscribe to our newsletter to learn more from our experts, and there’s more reading on torque wrenches here:

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On Twitter you might see a hash symbol (#) in front of a word in someone’s tweet, for example #twitterhelp. The hashtagged word will also show appear as blue1 text which means that it’s clickable – if you click on it you’ll be taken to a search results page with other tweets similarly tagged. Applying a tag to a word in your tweet effectively creates a channel, or category, for that tweet which easily lets people view all2 the tweets on that topic. Hashtags are often used by people at events, eg a conference. Lots of people will be there, they might not be following everyone else but if they all use the same hashtag then they can easily participate in a conversation about the event – and people not at the event can join in from wherever they are. Hashtags are also much used while watching television programmes. The series 3 finale of BBC’s Sherlock notably generated a flurry of #Sherlock-tagged tweets from people celebrating the programme, but more controversial programmes also allow complete strangers to argue with each other over the internet, via hashtag. In short, tagging lets you view or participate in conversations on Twitter beyond just the people that you follow (and who follow you) and it lets everyone read all the identically-tagged tweets as a ‘channel’ separate from their main timeline. Here are the ‘top tweets’ for #twitterhelp and ‘all’ the tweets for the same hashtag, I’ve included the full address so you can see how they’re different. It makes no difference whether it’s #Twitterhelp or #twitterhelp by the way. Hashtags as commentary People also use what linguists call ‘commentary’ hashtags – adding a comment or emotion in hashtag form. These aren’t being used to widen the conversation, more as a way of expression. - Why men are more retweeted more than women (2015) by Jessica Bennett - How #Hashtags changed the way we talk (2015) by Muriel MacDonald - Variation in the use of Twitter hashtags (2014) by Allison Shapp - How the #Hashtag Changed the Way We Communicate (2013) by Lauren Schuhmacher How to search for hashtags, and for other things, on Twitter (2015) by me, on this blog 1 re: blue coloured links – some users customise their colour-scheme so if you’re looking at their profile page links might show up a different colour, however in your ‘home’ timeline you’ll see everything as the same colour 2 When you click on the hashtag on the desktop version of Twitter you’ll be shown the ‘top tweets’ for #twitterhelp first, but if you want to see everything you’ll need to click ‘Live’ in the options at the top. On a mobile or tablet app you’ll probably see all of the tweets.

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Above: Isami School Factory , existing Tabi factory with the longest history in Gyoda 2. TABI(JAPANESE SOCKS) AND GYODA Tabi shop in old GYODA (1) Features of Gyoda Tabi-gura: *Many columns are placed at wall side and little column on central area to move goods and materials smoothly. *The floor is put at high position from the earth to move an air better. *Late Edo period: Clay storehouse *Late Meiji period～: Stone storehouse *Late Taisho period: Iron and brick storehouse *Showa period before war: Iron-Concrete, Mortar, Wood storehouse *Showa period after war: Mainly stone storehouse(Lack of wood) There are still six old buildings that were approved to National Registered Corporeal and Cultural Property. -1.Old Chujirou Ogawa Shop and House(Chujirou Storehouse): Built in 1925 -2.Musashino Bank Gyoda Branch Office: Built in 1934 -3.Old Arai Hachiro Office, House and Western House(Saisai-tei Built in 1926-1937 -4.Jumangoku Fukusaya Head Office and shop(Cake shop): Built in 1883 -5.Osawa Old Document Storehouse(Oasawa Storehouse): Built in 1926 -6.The Takazawa(The Takazawa’s House ): Built in middle~late Edo period (2) Tabi and Gyoda Gyoda area was called Oshi Han. They had rich field of cotton trees around Oshi Han. So, Gyoda located at advantageous area to get cotton cloth as Tabi materials. “Tabi” is a traditional Japanese cotton socks to put on when people wear Kimono. Gyoda is known as a Tabi manufacturing area. Tabi manufacturing had already begun from around the end of Edo period and developed further in Meiji period. Gyoda tabi industry had received exclusive order of tabi from Imperial Japanese Navy when we had war against China in 1895, so Japanese sailors on the ships were expected to put on tabi from Gyoda. Furthermore when the war against Russia began in 1905, Gyoda Tabi groups had received a lot of order of Tabi from Imperial Japanese Army. Gyoda Tabi industry had been prosperous since that time. Tabi industry needed the material shop, factory with saw-toothed roof, merchant shop and they had their own storehouses. Different type of storehouse was built such as, clay, stones, clay with thin iron. A storehouse has had thick clay more than a feet and the thickness showed the financial strength of the family. In 1938 about 80% of Tabi used in Japan were manufactured in Gyoda area. Approximately 90 storehouses where finished Tabi was once stored still remain in the city today. There is Tabi Museum in Gyoda, and visitors can make own tabi with material that fancy you and choose by themself at the Museum. (Or visitors can bring their own material with them) Industries of Gyoda were mainly Tabi and military uniform. After Tabi was replaced by nylon socks, they manufactured uniforms for various companies and school uniforms. Now, traditional Tabi is used not only for ordinary people, children in a kindergarten, but also its technology is applied for jogger’s shoes. So, it is expected that Tabi would be used in daily life and sporting life. Left: Tabi (Japanese split-toe socks) Visitors can make your personal tabi at the "Tabi and Lifestyle Museum". (Reservation is required)

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Need an easy way to remember the order of the planets in our Solar System? The technique used most often to remember such a list is a mnemonic device. This uses the first letter of each planet as the first letter of each word in a sentence. Supposedly, experts say, the sillier the sentence, the easier it is to remember. So by using the first letters of the planets, (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune), create a silly but memorable sentence. Here are a few examples: If you want to remember the planets in order of size, (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Earth, Venus Mars, Mercury) you can create a different sentence: Rhymes are also a popular technique, albeit they require memorizing more words. But if you’re a poet (and don’t know it) try this: Amazing Mercury is closest to the Sun, Hot, hot Venus is the second one, Earth comes third: it’s not too hot, Freezing Mars awaits an astronaut, Jupiter is bigger than all the rest, Sixth comes Saturn, its rings look best, Uranus sideways falls and along with Neptune, they are big gas balls. Or songs can work too. Here are a couple of videos that use songs to remember the planets: If sentences, rhymes or songs don’t work for you, perhaps you are more of a visual learner, as some people remember visual cues better than words. Try drawing a picture of the planets in order. You don’t have to be an accomplished artist to do this; you can simply draw different circles for each planet and label each one. Sometimes color-coding can help aid your memory. For example, use red for Mars and blue for Neptune. Whatever you decide, try to pick colors that are radically different to avoid confusing them. Or try using Solar System flash cards or just pictures of the planets printed on a page (here are some great pictures of the planets). This works well because not only are you recalling the names of the planets but also what they look like. Memory experts say the more senses you involve in learning or storing something, the better you will be at recalling it. Maybe you are a hands-on learner. If so, try building a three-dimensional model of the Solar System. Kids, ask your parents or guardians to help you with this, or parents/guardians, this is a fun project to do with your children. You can buy inexpensive Styrofoam balls at your local craft store to create your model, or use paper lanterns and decorate them. Here are several ideas from Pinterest on building a 3-D Solar System Model. If you are looking for a group project to help a class of children learn the planets, have a contest to see who comes up with the silliest sentence to remember the planets. Additionally, you can have eight children act as the planets while the rest of the class tries to line them up in order. You can find more ideas on NASA’s resources for Educators. You can use these tricks as a starting point and find more ways of remembering the planets that work for you. If you are looking for more information on the planets check out Universe Today’s Guide to the Planets section, or our article about the Order of the Planets, or this information from NASA on the planets and a tour of the planets. Astronomy Cast has an entire series of episodes on the planets. You can get started with Mercury. The ESA's Solar Orbiter, which took to space over earlier this month, recently sent back its first batch of data… There may be no life on Mars, but there's still a lot going on there. The Martian surface is home… Our growing understanding of extremophiles here on Earth has opened up new possibilities in astrobiology. Scientists are taking another look… When astronomers talk about an optical telescope, they often mention the size of its mirror. That's because the larger your…

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The Hubble telescope being repaired. Click on image for full size NASA to Replace Hubble Telescope Instrument - Just BeCOS... News story originally written on August 18, 1997 Well not exactly just because. Edward Weiler, HST program scientist, said that NASA has chosen to include the COS instrument aboard the Hubble Space Telescope because "it will allow astronomers to study the very early Universe and the creation of the heavy elements during the first period of star formation billions of years ago." COS stands for Cosmic Origins Spectrograph. The instrument is scheduled to be installed late in 2002 during Hubble's fourth servicing mission. The COS is expected to be a premiere HST instrument into the first decade of the next century. The estimated cost of this state-of-the-art spectrograph is $25 million. NASA is working on a contract for the new instrument with Dr. James Green of the University of Colorado, Boulder. The Hubble Space Telescope, a 2.4 meter reflecting telescope, continues to make astronomical observations while in low-Earth orbit. Shop Windows to the Universe Science Store! Our online store on science education, classroom activities in The Earth Scientist specimens, and educational games You might also be interested in: It was another exciting and frustrating year for the space science program. It seemed that every step forward led to one backwards. Either way, NASA led the way to a great century of discovery. Unfortunately,...more The Space Shuttle Discovery lifted off from Kennedy Space Center at 2:19 p.m. EST, October 29th. The sky was clear and the weather was great as Discovery took 8 1/2 minutes to reach orbit for the Unitied...more A moon was discovered orbiting the asteroid, Eugenia. This is only the second time in history that a satellite has been seen circling an asteroid. A special mirror allowed scientists to find the moon...more Will Russia ever put the service module for the International Space Station in space? NASA officials are demanding an answer from the Russian government. The necessary service module is currently waiting...more During a period of about two days in early May, 1998, the ACE spacecraft was immersed in plasma associated with a coronal mass ejection (CME). The SWICS instrument on ACE, which determines unambiguously...more J.S. Maini of the Canadian Forest Service has referred to forests as the "heart and lungs of the world." Forests reduce soil erosion, maintain water quality, contribute to atmospheric humidity and cloud...more In late April through mid-May 2002, all five naked-eye planets are visible simultaneously in the night sky! This is includes Mercury which is generally very hard to see because of its proximity to the...more

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The School Council would like to remind you that Wednesday has been agreed as ‘Treat Day’ when children are allowed a maximum of two child-sized treats in their packed lunch. This may be a small bar of chocolate and a packet of crisps. In addition, our Food in School Policy requests that parents do not include the following items in packed lunches: - Any food containing nuts - Mayespark are a nut-free school - Fried food - Sweets (including Winders), chocolate - Crisps or any packeted savoury snacks high in salt and fat - Fizzy drinks/sugary drinks - Sweet cakes, e.g. sugary cakes, doughnuts Mayespark School Council would like to remind parents and children that it is important to have a healthy packed lunch each day. Here are some ideas and tips to help: Instead of cakes, chocolates and biscuits, try currant buns (without icing), fruit bread, tea cakes and malt loaf Always include a drink to help your child concentrate. Go for still/sparkling water, semi-skimmed or skimmed milk, or unsweetened fruit juice. Cook some extra pasta, rice or potatoes with dinner the night before to make into an effortless and tasty salad for lunch the next day. Freeze a carton of pure juice, milk or yoghurt and place in a mini sandwich bag. It will be defrosted by lunchtime and keep your lunchbox cool in the meantime! Make easy swaps – for example, if your child likes something sweet, give them raisins or a small can or pot of chopped fruit instead of a chocolate bar. If they prefer savoury foods, ditch the crisps and give them plain popcorn, rice cakes or crunchy carrot sticks instead. Keep a selection of breads in the freezer for sandwiches. Then you can just take out what you need for one days lunchbox and defrost it on a plate or in the microwave. - Using a different type of bread each day can make lunchboxes more interesting. Try granary, wholemeal or whole white bread, pitta, fruit bread, bagels, English muffins, chapatti or wraps. Don’t forget the dairy – low-fat custard, fromage frais, rice pudding or yoghurt are very popular and good for growing bones! Provide fruit in small pots which are easy and quick to eat, e.g. chopped canned pineapple, satsuma pieces (peeled), raisins, dried apricots, grapes, peeled and chopped kiwi fruit. When you are preparing vegetables or salad for dinner, cut up a few extra carrot, cucumber or celery sticks for lunch the next day to reduce the time spent preparing lunch! CHILDREN LOVE PLAIN POPCORN!! The School Council will be carrying out ‘lunch-box looks’ and will award certificates and stickers to children who have healthy packed lunches.

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Hypnosis treatment is now more acceptable to the medical environment. How is hypnosis exactly defined? There is no exact definition. Experts, however, often recount it as entering an altered mind state in which the patient is at ease as well as concentrated. This mindset features an elevated openness to suggestions. This, however, should not be incorrectly interpreted. Hypnosis is unable to make people do things they are not going to do otherwise. A person who is not willing cannot become willing through hypnosis as well. Hypnosis can enhance the person’s will, and not decrease it. How does hypnosis help to treat mental problems? Many people employ conversational therapy to address mental and also emotional problems. On the other hand, there are certain issues that cannot be simply handled with talk therapy. Through healing hypnosis, a psychotherapist can often get quickly as well as more effectively to the heart of the matter as compared to standard talk therapy. Hypnosis helps to curb addictions like smoking, helps control pain, as well as relieves stress. In the middle of medical research advances, researches are still unable to understand the connection of the mind and body. On the other hand, because of the effectiveness of hypnosis therapy, it is showing that the body can indeed be controlled by the mind. Hypnosis therapy helps those who are grieving, following the loss of their loved ones. People confronting some terminal illness usually live longer due to healing hypnosis that helps them get over the emotional issues they have to deal with. Hypnosis is helpful to patients who have to deal with intense pain more so than a number of other medications. The subconscious mind are provided with suggestions as one goes through a trance which enable it to rule over the normal conscious or subconscious hindrances. Working on a person’s subconscious level is very likely to uncover his/her deepest emotions that maybe hindering progress. With hypnosis treatment, you will be able to identify the deepest emotions that you have. The moment you can identify the cause of your problems, you will then be able to work at overcoming it. It is very often difficult to single out something that is really deep. Digging into the roots would mean getting deeper than the conscious exterior. A therapist is likely to suggest healing hypnosis if traditional therapy isn’t enough. Lots of therapists include healing hypnosis in their usual assortment of tools. There are as well hypnotherapy to be had away from the couch of psychotherapists. Try to search for a person with the right training in numerous holistic healing techniques. It is a must to find a professional who is dedicated to hypnosis treatment. They are able to guide you during the process in addition to making adjustments every time an issue is revealed through the sessions. Because the hypnosis therapy sessions are prerecorded and with an arranged track, they do not allow any adjustments to be made while ongoing.

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Winged animals: Facts, Identification, bird control service and pigeon control Fowl related issues can prompt lost business, debased items and costly harm to building outsides. Some feathered creature species harbor maladies that can be transmitted to people and are named general wellbeing dangers. Flying creature droppings are likewise hazardous, as feathered creature waste can destroy building completes and make unsanitary conditions. The droppings can likewise be costly to tidy up. In the event that flying creatures turn into an issue, contact your nuisance administration proficient and request that him or her build up a feathered creature control program particularly customized for your home or business. Feathered creature bird Control service Living space alteration as a rule is the best long haul answer for winged animal control. Lessening nourishment accessibility and access to defensive safe house for perching and settling are the essential targets of any feathered creature control program. Winged creature control endeavors start with a far reaching review by your bug administration proficient and, in view of the assessment discoveries, he or she will distinguish the types of bird(s) and pick the best rejection strategies. Some regular strategies for feathered creature prohibition incorporate introducing avoidance gadgets on surfaces utilized by fowls for perching and loafing, in addition to utilizing flying creature screening to counteract access to winged animal perching and settling destinations. Your irritation administration expert will utilize methods and items that are altruistic, proficient and compelling to the objective feathered creatures. Why Bird Control service Is Important Populace control turns out to be more troublesome the more drawn out undesirable perching and settling goes untreated. Hence, don't falter to manage bug fowls and be proactive while considering your requirements for natural surroundings change. A few explanations behind winged animal control include: Winged creature droppings and settling material can prompt the spread of various illnesses and the expansion of ectoparasites like kissing bugs, chicken bugs, and yellow mealworms. Winged creature droppings can stain, erode or generally harm building materials. Fledgling droppings on walkways can make a security peril bringing about the danger of slips and falls. Fledgling homes may make a flame risk if situated close lights or electrical hardware. Flying creatures that home inside or around sustenance generation and distribution center offices may debase hardware and items. Fledgling homes can obstruct channels, therefore meddling with water seepage. The commotion brought on by a huge flying creature populace, feathered creatures perching in trees and fowls getting inside a fireplace, above drop roofs and in vents and pipes.

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A new method to overcome infertility in mothers uses the same technique which was used to clone Dolly, the sheep SCIENTISTS at the New York University have come up with another possible way of helping women overcome infertility: they took the genes of an infertile woman and injected them into a donor egg from a fertile woman. The technique, which is similar to the one which was used to clone Dolly, the first multi-cellular clone, would produce a baby with two genetic mothers. A baby that might result from such a high-tech union would raise questions of which woman is the mother, or both. Some medical ethicists described the research as "profoundly disturbing", but typical of the fast-paced and loosely- regulated field of reproductive medicine. It is not human cloning, some scientists say, although it borrows cloning technology to produce the embryo. The method empties the gene-packed nucleus from an egg donated by a fertile woman. Scientists then transfer the genes from the egg of an infertile woman into the hollowed egg to make a single recombinant egg. It is fertilised with the sperm provided by a father and the resulting embryo is transplanted into the infertile woman's womb. The method used by Jamie Grifo of New York University was not tested on animals prior to being tried in a pair of infertile women. The university has approved the use of the method on as many as five women. So far, the procedure yielded uncertain results. It failed in the first patient, who is 47 years old. The second patient, aged 44, is not scheduled for a pregnancy test until next week. The technique follows the Dolly method of inserting the DNA into a single cell egg for implantation. However, Dolly was created from the genetic material of an adult body cell provided by its mother, rather than combining genetic material from two different eggs. Some scientists are critical of this method being put into practice. "It is tampering with nature," said one scientist. Transferring genetic material from one person's egg to another "never happens in nature," said Glenn McGee, a bioethics professor at the University of Pennsylvania. "Fertility research is today propelled by the ambitions of curious scientists and the desperation of infertile couples," says another scientist. But others offer a more cautious assessment. Donna Lieberman of the New York Civil Liberties Union's reproduction rights project says: "It does not sound like genetic tampering. It is more like transferring the genes into a new environment." We are a voice to you; you have been a support to us. Together we build journalism that is independent, credible and fearless. You can further help us by making a donation. This will mean a lot for our ability to bring you news, perspectives and analysis from the ground so that we can make change together. Comments are moderated and will be published only after the site moderator’s approval. Please use a genuine email ID and provide your name. Selected comments may also be used in the ‘Letters’ section of the Down To Earth print edition.

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The Federal Reserve plays a major role in the smooth functioning of the payments system, which helps ensure the nation’s economic growth and financial stability. The 12 Reserve Banks provide banking services to depository institutions by distributing and receiving currency and coin, maintaining accounts, and providing payment services. An important job of the Federal Reserve is to function as the “banks’ bank,” ensuring that institutions have enough currency and coin on hand to meet current demand, which varies with the level of economic activity and fluctuates based on seasonal demand. The Philadelphia Fed is authorized to issue cash to financial institutions within its District. Additional currency and coin put into circulation to meet seasonal demand is eventually returned to the depository institutions by businesses. So to reduce the excess currency and coin held in their vaults, depository institutions typically return the excess cash to the Reserve Bank, where it is credited to their accounts. The process is reversed when the institutions need to replenish or increase their cash supply. The Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act of 2003 (Check 21) promoted the greater use of electronic processing of check images rather than paper checks. This legislation, plus the greater use of electronic payments, has led to a major reduction in paper check processing and dramatic changes in the way the Fed processes checks. To promote an efficient and reliable payment system, the Federal Reserve has adapted its operations to accommodate the continuing shift from paper checks to electronic payments by consolidating its check-processing operations into two sites: The Atlanta Fed handles electronic check processing and the Cleveland Fed, paper check processing. The automated clearinghouse (ACH) is an electronic system for processing payments, developed jointly by the private sector and the Federal Reserve in 1972. Businesses use ACH to make direct deposits for payroll, to move funds from one corporate account to another, and to make payments to other businesses. The U.S. government uses ACH for direct deposit of Social Security benefits, Veterans Administration benefits, and receipt of business and consumer tax payments. Consumers use ACH to make payments on insurance premiums, mortgages, loans, and other bills. The Federal Reserve Banks’ Fedwire services are designed to offer a secure, reliable method of handling large-value, time-critical payments and maintaining and transferring U.S. government and certain government agency, government-sponsored enterprises, and international organization book-entry securities. The Fed’s goal in offering these services is to foster the integrity, efficiency, and accessibility of U.S. wholesale payments and settlement systems in support of domestic financial stability and economic growth in a global context.

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One of the greatest developments in the energy industry is LEDs. LEDs is short for Light Emitting Diodes which are electronic components that convert electrical energy to light directly. This is done as electrons move within the material of the diode. The high efficiency and cost advantage of LEDs is one of the reasons why they are replacing the majority of traditional light sources. LED technology is classified as solid-state lighting because the electronics produce light directly from the solid materials where the electrons are embedded. This is different from other technologies, such as fluorescent technology which needs a gaseous discharge medium to start the production of light. The initial cost of conventional light sources is less than that of LEDs. However, LEDs cost significantly less to operate and maintain. Also, LEDs last longer and the cost of maintenance and lamp replacement is lower. LEDs don’t need to be replaced very often so less is spent on new lamps and the related cost of the labor need to change them. Add this to the fact that LEDs use less energy and it becomes clear why the overall cost of a LED system is lower than that of traditional lighting systems. Also, a lot of applications that use LEDs have a payback period that is as low as three to four years. It is important that every industry has set standards for the sake of quality. With LEDs, Zhaga is the industry-wide consortium that is aimed at setting standardization for interfaces between light engines and LED luminaries. The goal is to allow interchangeability between LED products made by different product manufacturers. Zhaga provides test procedures for LED light engines and luminaires so that the luminaire will work with the LED engine. Leading LED power supply manufacturer Energy Recovery Products (ERP) is a U.S. LED power supply manufacturer with headquarters in California. At the helm of the company is CEO Micheal Archer who is renowned for power conversion design with more than 20 patents in the field. ERP is an LED power supply manufacturer that uses AC-DC power conversion to provide a unique combination of high efficiency, low component count, and high power density. These features are used to design all ERP products and are unmatched by most of the other manufacturers. ERP products certainly satisfy given requirements. The company’s proprietary resonant technology has licenses from ROAL, ON Semiconductor and Flextronics. These companies use the company’s technology in different products and have sold millions of products to a number of 500 companies. ERP’s core technology continues to improve with every new generation of products packing more power capability into a more compact footprint. A good example is the company’s latest LED Driver family that already has an 8 Watt per cubic inch convection rating. ERP has a Quality Management System (QMS) that focuses on Product Qualification Assurance, Design Qualification Assurance and Supplier Quality and Incoming Quality. Those who buy from us get a limited warranty of five years for LED drivers and three years for power suppliers. If you are looking for an LED power supply manufacturer offering products you can count on, contact ERP You can be sure you count on us for the best LED products, designed and manufactured to the highest standards using the very latest technology.

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https://www.erp-power.com/why-erp-is-the-best-led-power-supply-manufacturer/

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A mass of 0.8kg is attached to a massless string that passes over a pulley and is wrapped around a wheel of radius 0.5m, and rotational inertia 1.0 kgm^2. The wheel can rotate freely. The mass is initially held stationary at a height of 1.5m above the ground. When the mass is released it falls to the floor, causing the wheel to rotate via the attached string. What is the speed of the mass when it reaches the ground? (Just to make it clearer, as a diagram is included; the wheel is fixed on a block, rotating horizontally, with the string going through a pulley, then turned 90 degrees (vertical to the ground). This string is then attached to the mass, where the mass is initially 1.5m off the ground). Tau(torque) = F(force)r(radius) = T(tension of string)r(radius of wheel) α(angular acceleration) = Tau(torque)/I(moment of inertia) a(tangential acceleration) = r(radius)α(angular acceleration) I = Mr^2 Vf^2 = Vi^2 + 2ah The Attempt at a Solution TR = Iα = M(g - a)= Iα (since total acceleration of the string is in the opposite direction to tension) =0.5(0.8*9.8 - 0.8*a) = α (because I is equal to 1 kgm^2) (0.5*r)*(7.84 - 0.8*a) = a 0.5*(7.84 - 0.8*a) = 4a 7.84 - 0.8a = 8a 8.8a = 7.84 a= 0.89ms^-2 --> I didn't feel confident with this, so I didn't coninue on with it. I tried working backwards from the speed given, knowing that the inital speed is zero, and that the height is 1,5m, but there must be some concept that I don;t understand. Other times I tried this, I found a circular result, or that I would get acceleration equal to 9.8ms^-2. I'm not sure if I should somehow use the mass of the wheel, calculating it using moment of inertia and the radius of wheel. The correct solution that the past exam paper includes is speed = 0.5ms^-1

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https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/velocity-of-mass-connected-to-a-fixed-rotating-wheel-with-a-massless-string.316882/

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en

Britain’s rivers, canals and streams are populated with a wide variety of fish, but many of our native species are declining in number. Here are ten protected species of fish to keep a look out for when exploring British waterways. One of the shyest and retiring British fish, the Crucian carp avoids the busiest waterways, opting instead for quiet canals. Crucian carp can usually be found swimming in large shoals. The Crucian carp is a humpbacked fish which can weigh up to 3kg. Golden bronze when young, their colour darkens as they mature, when they take on hues of green along their backs. There are two species of shad found in British waterways: the Allis shad and the Twaite shad. Both are highly protected due to their declining numbers in the UK, where you can now only find them in isolated rivers and estuaries. Related to the herring family, both species of shad have flat, silver-coloured bodies up to 50cm in length. The Twaite shad has a darker-coloured back than the Allis shad, and up to ten dark spots on the gill cover, where the Allis shad only has one or two. The common or European sturgeon is a critically endangered, protected fish which was historically found in rivers all over the UK, but its numbers have now dwindled to the point where sightings are extremely rare. It has a fascinating appearance similar to that of a shark. Silver in colour, it has a long snout with barbels underneath, and can grow up to six metres long. The bullhead is a threatened species which populates clean, stony rivers and streams. Bullheads can also sometimes be found at canal locks around the brickwork, but they are notoriously difficult to spot, as they only come out to feed at night. Sometimes known as the Miller’s Thumb, the bullhead is a distinctive fish, with a mottled, sandy-brown body and flat head with protruding eyes. Small in size, it grows to an average of between eight and 12cm. Although the brown trout is fairly common in British waterways, it is listed as a priority species under the UK Biodiversity Framework. It is a medium to large fish, growing to between 50 and 80cm, and weighing up to 14kg. Golden-brown in colour, its back is darker than its belly, and it is patterned with dark spots bordered in a pale colour, all over its back and sides. The brown trout can be found in fast-flowing, stony rivers throughout the UK, all year round. The tiny spined loach only grows up to 5cm in length. It dwells on the bottom of a number of rivers in the UK, and is regularly sighted in Leicestershire, although it is far less common in other parts of the country. Spined loach can best be seen in the evening, as this is when they feed. Their bodies are long and thin, with a sandy-coloured back and sides covered in dark brown spots. Listed as a priority species, the smelt is found in isolated estuaries and rivers during the spring. This small fish has a slim, elongated body with a sharply forged tail and a pointed dorsal fin. It appears predominantly silver in colour, but its back has a dark green hue. The smelt grows to an average of 10 to 15cm long, and can be seen swimming in large shoals. Although fairly common in British waterways, mullet are very slow-growing, so their numbers have to be monitored carefully as they would be difficult to replenish if they began to decline. Mullet can be found throughout much of Britain, but they are more common in southern England. Preferring still, calm waters, the mullet can most often be seen in quiet estuaries and coves. They shoal in small groups close to the surface of the water. Three species of lamprey can be found in British waterways: the Brook lamprey, the River lamprey and the Sea lamprey. All are protected species as they are increasingly rare. Instead of jaws, lampreys have sucker-shaped mouths, which they use to hold onto the river bed. The Brook lamprey is the smallest species, growing to a maximum of 15cm, while the large Sea lamprey can reach up to a metre in length. Eels are classed as endangered, but they are still widespread in Britain’s rivers and canals. They can enjoy a lifespan of up to 100 years. Although transparent when young, mature eels are a dark greenish-brown in colour, with a pale belly. They have a snake-like appearance and can most commonly be seen in the evenings if you keep a low profile. Comments will be approved before showing up.

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CC-MAIN-2020-10

https://sophia-alexander.com/blogs/news/10-native-and-protected-fish-in-british-waterways

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The BR Hills forests, until recently protected as a wildlife sanctuary under the BR Hills have been identified as a source site for tigers, one among 42 such sites globally (Source: Walston et al, Plos Biology) Wildlife Protection Act have recently been upgraded to a Tiger Reserve. And by no means without reason; BRT is one of the 42 global source sites for tigers, “so termed because these areas contain concentrations of tigers that have the potential to repopulate larger landscapes”. However, the forests are also a sanctuary to the Soliga people, who are themselves also increasingly seeing a role in tiger conservation. With a new, dynamic officer taking over as the Field Director of the tiger reserve, there was an effort at making a booklet to introduce new visitors to the rich wildlife, people and culture that these hills hold. Reproduced below is my contribution to the booklet, now incorporated into a well-designed booklet available to all visitors to the hills. Continue reading Update: Apparently, the ayes have it! The Envt. & Forests Ministry’s committee decidees NOT TO go ahead with the proposal! The Narcondam Horbill, an endangered species of hornbill from the Narcondam Island in the Andaman & Nicobar chain of islands is under threat. A Sketch of the Narcondam Hornbill (Aceros narcondami) proposal (a short-sighted one, clearly) to install a RADAR and a power supply source on this 681 hectare island by the Indian ministry of defence could endanger this species of hornbill found nowhere else in the world. Continue reading Thanks to a recent British library membership acquisition, I got hold of this book by Peter Forbes – Dazzled and deceived: Mimicry and Camouflage. The book effortlessly leads the reader through a journey that begins in earnest with the comma butterfly flying across a garden and slowly winding its way through personal lives of luminaries in biology, through the private struggles and public lives of the proponents of various sorts of camouflage for both sides in the two world wars, artists and naturalists. There has been much talk about the role of camouflage nets in the winning of the Second battle of El Alamein in World War II. The battle was quite important – it got Churchill to apparently ring bells all over Britan, signifying the impending end to the war. Continue reading The Zoological Survey of India has an illustrious history. On 1st July, 1916, the organisation was instituted with a mission to “…to promote survey, exploration Alfred Alcock, the physician-naturalist who was instrumental in the creation of the Zoological Survey of India and research leading to the advancement in our knowledge of various aspects of exceptionally rich life of the erstwhile British Indian Empire” (Emphasis mine). Alfred William Alcock was a British physician-naturalist, a common breed in those colonial days when doctors were still excited about working in “difficult” Continue reading January 15th was the tenth year of Wikipedia. Although, I missed being at the Bangalore TEN celebrations, along with Kalyan, some of us held the celebrations in Valparai. Here is a brief write-up I did on it as a guest contributor on the restoration blog of NCF. Pasted below is the article from there: In the little Tamil village that we know so well, it was just another day. The coffee was flowing like potion and the local Geriatrix had just set up lamps to prevent wild boar-human conflict. The village had just welcomed Cacofonix who brought with him an extended phenotype of electronic lyres to garnish the horrendous volume of what he called ‘song’. Impedimenta had just finished reflecting on civets while the chief had had a long night appreciating the mellifluous notes emanating from the august pharynx of Biligirix. All was well in the village we know so well.

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http://www.daktre.com/category/wildlife/page/2/

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The inner structure of a material is called a microstructure. The properties of a material are essentially defined by the microstructure. Not infrequently, a poorly developed microstructure is the reason for the failure of a component. It is aimed at a possible homogeneous microstructure. Microstructure analyses are metallo-/ carried out materialographischen cuts that are etched to the contrasting of pattern of. RIO GmbH conducts among others following analysis to the structure characterization: Determination of Grain Size The grain size is the designation for the statistical distribution of the visible size of individual microstructure constituents ("grains") in the polished surface. At RIO GmbH we carry out grain size determination in accordance with international standards (, , , , …) on the basis of the intercept, counting, and comparison image methods. Determination of Pore Size Pores are hollow areas in the materials. In cast materials a distinction is made between shrinkage porosity (shrinkage cavities) and gas porosity, in accordance with . In sintered materials the pores are the remnants of the voids between the powder particles of the initial material. The porosity in polished sections is determined by digital image analysis. If a microstructure consists of grains of different types (concerning their chemical composition, crystalline structure, etc.) then we talk of differing phases. It is possible to distinguish between these phases by applying suitable etching procedures. The percentage fractions of the phases can subsequently be determined by digital image analysis. When metallic materials are produced, small non-metallic particles can be carried into them. However, in most cases they are most certainly not wanted. A low number and a small quantity of such inclusions thus indicate a high quality of the material. The content of neon-metallic inclusions (degree of purity) can be quantified in accordance with, for example,(withdrawn) or . Micro-cracks in Welds Cracks can be produced in weld seams as a result of thermal stress. A fundamental distinction is made between hot and cold cracks. Cracks can be determined and assesses in metallographic polished sections. Their course in the microstructure becomes visible after etching. Delta ferrite content in Austenit Delta ferrite is characterized by the fact that it does not undergo an allotropic conversion. In austenitic steels it usually contains high proportions of chromium, resulting the adjacent microstructure being low in chromium and this no longer exhibiting adequate resistance to corrosion. Furthermore, delta ferrite can convert into the brittle σ phase. Delta ferrite can be made visible by suitable etching methods and so assessed.

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CC-MAIN-2020-10

https://www.rio.de/en/test-laboratory/materials/microstructures/

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Java concurrency can be defined as the ability to execute several tasks of a program in parallel. For large Java EE systems, this means the capability to execute multiple user business functions concurrently while achieving optimal throughput and performance. Regardless of your hardware capacity or the health of your JVM, Java concurrency problems can bring any application to its knees and severely affect the overall application performance and availability. Thread Lock Contention Thread lock contention is by far the most common Java concurrency problem that you will observe when assessing the concurrent threads health of your Java application. This problem will manifest itself by the presence of 1...n BLOCKED threads (thread waiting chain) waiting to acquire a lock on a particular object monitor. Depending on the severity of the issue, lock contention can severely affect your application response time and service availability. Example: Thread lock contention triggered by non-stop attempts to load a missing Java class (ClassNotFoundException) to the default JDK 1.7 ClassLoader. It is highly recommended that you aggressively assess the presence of such a problem in your environment via proven techniques such as Thread Dump analysis. Typical root causes of this issue can vary from abuse of plain old Java synchronization to legitimate IO blocking or other non-thread safe calls. Lock contention problems are often the “symptoms” of another problem. True Java-level deadlocks, while less common, can also greatly affect the performance and stability of your application. This problem is triggered when two or more threads are blocked forever, waiting for each other. This situation is very different from other more common “day-to-day” thread problems such as lock contention, threads waiting on blocking IO calls etc. A true lock-ordering deadlock can be visualized as per below: The Oracle HotSpot and IBM JVM implementations provide deadlock detectors for most scenarios, allowing you to quickly identify the culprit threads involved in such condition. Similar to lock contention troubleshooting, it is recommended to use techniques such as thread dump analysis as a starting point. Once the culprit code is identified, solutions involve addressing the lock-ordering conditions and/or using other available concurrency programming techniques from the JDK such as java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock, which provides methods such as tryLock(). This approach gives Java developers much more flexibility and ways to prevent deadlock or thread lock “starvation.” Clock Time and CPU Burn In parallel with the JVM tuning, it is also essential that you review your application behavior, more precisely the highest clock time and CPU burn contributors. When the Java garbage collection and thread concurrency are no longer a pressure point, it is important to drill down into your application code execution patterns and focus on the top response time contributors, referred as clock time. It is also crucial to review the CPU consumption of your application code and Java threads (CPU burn). High CPU utilization (> 75%) should not be assumed to be “normal” (good physical resource utilization). It is often the symptom of inefficient implementation and/or capacity problems. For large Java EE enterprise applications, it is essential to keep a safe CPU buffer zone in order to deal with unexpected load surges. Stay away from traditional tracing approaches such as adding response time “logging” in your code. Java profiler tools and APM solutions exist precisely to help you with this type of analysis and in a much more efficient and reliable way. For Java production environments lacking a robust APM solution, you can still rely on tools such Java VisualVM, thread dump analysis (via multiple snapshots) and OS CPU per Thread analysis. Finally, do not try to address all problems at the same time. Start by building a list of your top five clock time and CPU burn contributors and explore solutions.

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https://dzone.com/refcardz/java-performance-optimization?chapter=1

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ThinkCERCA provides an alignment to McGraw Hill Reading Wonders Grade 4 Curriculum. The ThinkCERCA aligned Writing Modules (including Direct Instruction, Skills Lessons, Writing Lessons, and Reading Practice) support the content that students will be focusing on in the anthology anchor texts, close reading texts, and leveled readers, with an explicit focus on the Reading Wonders Unit Essential Question. Essential Questions Where do good ideas come from? How do your actions affect others? How do people respond to natural disasters? How can Science help you understand how things work? How can starting a business help others? How can a challenge bring out your best? - Intellectual Property: WWhat are the opportunities and challenges in using other people's ideas? - Businesses: How do businesses make money? - Perseverance: How do we overcome challenges in our country, our community, and our lives? Essential Questions What are the messages in animal stories? How do animal characters change familiar stories? How are all living things connected? What helps animals survive? How are writers inspired by animals? What can animals teach us? - Endangered Animals: What role should people play in saving endangered animals? - Human and Animal Interaction: What positive and negative effects do human activities have on endangered animals? - Microorganisms in our Environment: How do microorganisms in our environment impact our lives? Essential Questions How can you make new friends feel welcome? In what ways can you help your community? How can one person make a difference? How can words lead to change? How can advances in science help or hurt? How can you show community spirit? - Communities - How do poets use language to help their communities understand and appreciate their experiences and values in ways no one else can? - Growing Up - How do authors convey themes about important moments of change in their lives to their readers? - Social Responsibility - How do individuals stand up and take responsibility for changing their societies? Essential Questions Why do we need government? Why do people run for public office? How do inventions and technology affect your life? How do you explain what you see in the sky? How do writers look at success in different ways? How do different writers treat the same topic? - Struggles of a New Nation: What should citizens do when they feel their government is not acting in their best interest? - Technology and Impact: What problems has technology helped us solve and what new problems has the introduction of technology created? - Through Their Eyes: How do authors use point of view and perspective to affect their readers’ experience of a story? Essential Questions In what ways do people care about each other? What are some reasons people moved west? How can inventions solve problems? What can you discover when you look closely at something? How can learning about the past help you understand the present? What helps you understand the world around you? - Westward Expansion - How did the westward expansion of the United States affect the many different populations of people who journeyed west or encountered one another there? - Kid Inventors - What impact have young people’s inventions had on the world? - Family and Influence - How do our families help shape the people we become? Essential Questions How do traditions connect people? Why is it important to keep records of the past? How have our energy resources changed over the years? What has been the role of money over time? What shapes a person's identity? How can you build on what came before? - Family History - How do family history and traditions contribute to your identity? - Energy Policy - Which energy policy would make the United States most environmentally friendly? - Personal Identity - How is our identity shaped by how others perceive us?

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https://support.thinkcerca.com/hc/en-us/articles/232181828-Lessons-and-Resources-to-Support-McGraw-Hill-Reading-Wonders-Grade-4

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Using a deodorant or antiperspirant has become a normal part of a daily personal hygiene routine. An antiperspirant is intended to reduce sweating, a deodorant to reduce and mask the unpleasant smell of stale sweat. On the market today there are numerous products on offer using several methods of applying the deodorant and/ or antiperspirant in various formulations, some offering protection times of up to 96 hours. What is sweating? Sweating is a completely normal and essential bodily function. This is the mechanism the body uses to regulate temperature, prevent overheating, and maintain it at 37°C. Human skin contains over 3 million sweat glands. They reach down into the depth of the dermis and the subcutaneous fat layer. From there they spiral up into the epidermis and open onto the surface of the skin. The eccrine sweat glands produce water-based sweat and can be found all over the body. These glands are particularly numerous on the palms of hands, soles of feet, armpits and forehead. In the groin, behind the knee and the crease of the elbows there are 350-700 sweat glands per square centimetre, more than in other areas of the body where 50 glands per square centimetre is normal. Women have fewer sweat glands than men and have a lower rate of sweat production under the same body stress conditions. Sweat is water-based and consists mainly of natrium chloride which cools the body by evaporation (thermoregulation). Sweat tastes salty because of the natrium chloride. Heat, physical exertion and emotions (e.g. sweaty hands before an exam) can all stimulate sweat production. The use of an effective antiperspirant can help to block and/ or reduce sweating. Why do we smell sweaty? The large apocrine sweat glands characterise our individual body odour. They are present in the armpit, around the nipple region, belly button, genitals and the auditory canal. Activated by psychological stimulation, the apocrine glands secrete a fatty cloudy substance into the funnel shaped opening of the hair follicles. The apocrine glands are actually part of the hair follicle structure so the term “sweat gland” is misleading. The apocrine glands become active in puberty, are steered by the body´s hormones, and continue secreting into old age albeit much less than in puberty. Fresh secretions are odourless; the individual sweaty odour is created by the break-down of the secretions on the skin´s surface by bacteria. An effective deodorant can mask the unpleasant odour of apocrine secretions. An effective deodorant/ antiperspirant can be produced using various mechanisms: ACH (aluminium chlorhydrate), aluminium-free, zirconium salt, enzyme blockers, anti-bacterial ingredients for example. The modern market is keen on variety in packaging and application choice e.g. sticks, roll-ons, clear milk emulsions, atomisers, aerosols, and “deodorant –towels” …

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CC-MAIN-2020-10

https://www.cosmacon.de/en/product-lines/deodorants/

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Thinking about purchasing a wireless headset? Not really sure how it works? You’re not the only one. Bluetooth is everywhere these days, but even those who already have wireless speakers, wireless keyboards, even wireless pens, don’t always understand what Bluetooth technology is or how it’s allowing them to locate their car keys. This article explains everything you’ve ever wanted to know about Bluetooth...and probably a little more. What is Bluetooth? Bluetooth is a low-power wireless technology that can be used to connect two electronic devices between short distances. What constitutes a short distance? Most Bluetooth devices max out at 33 feet. Some people confuse Bluetooth and Wifi. Though they’re both wireless technologies, they fulfill different purposes. While Bluetooth is used to connect two devices to each other, Wifi is used to connect a device to the internet. You can use Bluetooth without Wifi, and you can use Wifi without Bluetooth. Bluetooth also shouldn’t be confused with infrared - the technology in your TV remote. An infrared signal cannot transmit through a physical obstruction, while a Bluetooth signal can. How Does Bluetooth Work? All Bluetooth devices contain a microchip with an antenna that allows it to communicate with other Bluetooth devices. Both devices need to be Bluetooth enabled in order for a connection to be made. Think of Bluetooth as an imaginary bridge between one electronic device and the other. In order for this connection to be established, both devices need to have a few things in common. They need to communicate on the same radio frequency and they need to speak the same language, referred to as a protocol. This protocol sets a standard for how much information is transferred between the two devices and when. Once a connection is made, Bluetooth can then be used to stream music, upload data, or broadcast information. Types of Bluetooth Connections Most wireless headphones including AfterShokz use what’s referred to as a one-to-one connection, meaning that one device is paired to another device, and additional devices cannot be added without breaking the connection with the first. Even Trekz Titanium’s multipoint pairing feature just bounces back and forth between two different one-to-one connections. But there are other types of Bluetooth connections. A broadcast connection allows for one Bluetooth device to transmit its signal to many different devices, and a mesh connection allows for many devices to connect with many other devices. Bluetooth Power Classes In addition to the different types of Bluetooth connections, Bluetooth microchips come in three different power classes. Class 3 is the least powerful class with a range of only a few feet. Not too many devices use this power class. On the opposite side of the spectrum is Class 1, the most powerful class offering a range of over 300 feet. Not too many devices have this power class either. Right in the middle is Class 2, which is what you’ll find in most Bluetooth devices including AfterShokz headphones. Class 2 offers a range of up to 33 feet. The Benefits of Bluetooth Why choose a Bluetooth product? One of the most obvious benefits is that it eliminates the use of wires and cords. Headphones are less restrictive and more comfortable. Computer keyboards are more visually appealing. You can upload photos from your camera or data from your fitness tracker without having to pull out a plug. Because Bluetooth is a low-power technology, it also doesn’t require a lot of energy, so using your wireless headphones with your phone for example won’t drain either device. Bluetooth is also affordable and fairly simple to use. So what cons come with Bluetooth? Like all technology, it’s not 100% perfect all the time. You may have a day where it takes an extra minute for your devices to connect, or you may find your devices disconnected for no apparent reason. But Bluetooth connectivity issues are almost always a quick fix! While it won’t drain your battery, Bluetooth still uses some battery, something most wired products won’t do. The Future of Bluetooth Bluetooth was created in 1994 and it’s here to stay. This year we saw the release of Bluetooth 5 with capabilities that blew previous Bluetooth versions out of the park with a faster speed, increased broadcast capacity, and a range that peaks at 1,000 feet! While most devices haven’t made the switch to this version yet, you can expect to see a lot more of it in the future.

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CC-MAIN-2020-10

https://aftershokz.ca/blogs/news-1/bluetooth-for-non-bluetooth-people

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Microsoft Project is a project management software program developed and sold by Microsoft, designed to assist a project manager in developing a schedule, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads. Project creates budgets based on assignment work and resource rates. As resources are assigned to tasks and assignment work estimated, the program calculates the cost, equal to the work times the rate, which rolls up to the task level and then to any summary task, and finally to the project level. Each resource can have its own calendar, which defines what days and shifts a resource is available. Microsoft Project is not suitable for solving problems of available materials (resources) constrained production. Additional software is necessary to manage a complex facility that produces physical goods. MS Project is feature rich, but project management techniques are required to drive a project effectively. A lot of project managers get confused between a schedule and a plan. MS Project can help you in creating a Schedule for the project even with the provided constraints. It cannot Plan for you. As a project manager you should be able to answer the following specific questions as part of the planning process to develop a schedule. MS Project cannot answer these for you. What tasks need to be performed to create the deliverables of the project and in what order? This relates to the scope of the project. What are the time constraints and deadlines if any, for different tasks and for the project as a whole? This relates to the schedule of the project. What kind of resources (man/machine/material) are needed to perform each task? How much will each task cost to accomplish? This would relate to the cost of the project. What kind of risk do we have associated with a particular schedule for the project? This might affect the scope, cost and time constraints of your project. Strictly speaking, from the perspective of Project Management Methodology, a Plan and Schedule are not the same. A plan is a detailed action-oriented, experience and knowledge-based exercise which considers all elements of strategy, scope, cost, time, resources, quality and risk for the project. Scheduling is the science of using mathematical calculations and logic to generate time effective sequence of task considering any resource and cost constraints. Schedule is part of the Plan. In Project Management Methodology, schedule would only mean listing of a project's milestones, tasks/activities, and deliverables, with start and finish dates. Of course the schedule is linked with resources, budgets and dependencies. However, in this tutorial for MS Project (and in all available help for MS Project) the word ‘Plan’ is used as a ‘Schedule’ being created in MS Project. This is because of two reasons. One, MS Project does more than just create a schedule it can establish dependencies among tasks, it can create constraints, it can resolve resource conflicts, and it can also help in reviewing cost and schedule performance over the duration of the project. So it does help in more than just creating a Schedule. This it makes sense for Microsoft to market MS Project as a Plan Creator rather than over-simplifying it as just a schedule creator. Two, it is due to limitation of generally accepted form of English language, where a schedule can be both in a noun as well as verb form. As a noun, a Schedule is like a time table or a series of things to be done or of events to occur at or during a particular time or period. And in the verb form, schedule is to plan for a certain date. Therefore it is much easier to say that, “One can schedule a plan from a start date” but very awkward to say, “One can schedule a schedule from a start date”. The distinction is important for you as a project manager, but as far as MS project is concerned the noun form of Schedule is a Plan. Of course, a project manager should also be able to answer other project-related questions as well. For example − MS Project can help you −

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thoracic outlet syndrome. All the information, images, videos and links. Other Sites and/or Links of Interest of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome:Please, visit the links below: Thoracic outlet syndrome - Wikipedia Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a condition in which there is compression of the nerves, arteries, or veins in the passageway from the lower neck to the armpit. There are three main types: neurogenic, venous, and arterial. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Tests, Treatment & Symptoms Thoracic outlet syndrome is a condition whereby symptoms are produced from compression of nerves or blood vessels, or both, because of an inadequate passageway through an area (thoracic outlet) between the base of the neck and the armpit. Thoracic outlet syndrome - Symptoms and causes Thoracic outlet syndrome is a group of disorders that occur when blood vessels or nerves in the space between your collarbone and your first rib (thoracic outlet) are compressed. This can cause pain in your shoulders and neck and numbness in your fingers. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: 8 Stretches & Exercises to Help TOS ... What Is Thoracic Outlet Syndrome? Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) is an "umbrella term" that describes three related syndromes caused by nerve compression in the upper body, specifically the nerves in the neck, chest, shoulders and arms. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome | TOS | MedlinePlus Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) causes pain in the shoulder, arm, and neck. It happens when the nerves or blood vessels just below your neck are compressed, or squeezed. The compression can happen between the muscles of your neck and shoulder or between the first rib and collarbone. Image Gallery of thoracic outlet syndrome Some pictures and images related with thoracic outlet syndrome: Thoracic outlet syndrome VideosSee some videos about thoracic outlet syndrome: TWITTER ACCOUNTS AND TWEETS OF THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME Anthony DiComo в Твиттере: «Matt Harvey has been diagnosed with...» Matt Harvey has been diagnosed with "symptoms consistent with thoracic outlet syndrome" and is considering season-ending surgery. Shannon on Twitter: "Hand, foot, and mouth disease. Collapsed lungs." Collapsed lungs. Blood clots. Thoracic outlet syndrome. Spinal stenosis. Valley fever. James Wagner в Твиттере: «Scott Boras said the bullpen was tough...» Thoracic outlet syndrome surgery affected his feel for pitching and location. Said Harvey is healthy and has enoigh velocity. "We have a lot of clay to work with to build the starter sculpture." Megan Lynch on Twitter: "I have bilateral thoracic outlet syndrome..." I have bilateral thoracic outlet syndrome & co-morbidities, and CPTSD. My album "Songs the Brothers Warner Taught Me" is here: https... "Harvey is being examined for suspicion of thoracic outlet syndrome..." Harvey is being examined for suspicion of thoracic outlet syndrome, which is why he's seeing the top specialist based in St. Louis. #mets. Find more Twitter related results about thoracic outlet syndrome Clicking on: COMMENTS ABOUT THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME Please kindly let your comments about thoracic outlet syndrome. We are earing you!Please remember… BigOnlineNews is not linked or endorsed in any way with the sites, images, videos and comments related with thoracic outlet syndrome. The information in this site only shows or make reference to the links, images, videos and some other useful and related general data about thoracic outlet syndrome. If you want to research directly about Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, please visit the source links included at the top of this article. Thanks.

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Well, we are in the depths of winter, even when Ian Black briefly throws some spring-like weather at us. Winter comes with dull, gray overcast days during which we take great solace from looking over pictures we took at our cottage on White Lake during the summer. During one such cheer-generating review, we noticed that many of the insects we photographed were, at first glance, dull and gray, similar to the weather we were trying to ignore. However, on closer inspection we could see that many had distinctive features, patterns, or splashes of colour that elevated them from dull to attractive. We want to share some of these note-worthy gray insects with you to help brighten up what might otherwise be a dull, gray winter’s day. The Acadian hairstreak is one of the larger species of gossamer-wing butterflies we see at the cottage, but the gossamer-wing family includes some of our smallest butterflies. Adult Acadian hairstreaks have a wing span of 2.4 to 3.2 centimeters and typically hold their wings closed over their backs while resting. Distinctive markings that can be observed on the undersides of their wings include white-rimmed black spots on both the fore and hind wings and a small tail on the following edge, orange spots, and a blue crescent-shaped marking, termed lunule, near the tail on the hind wing. Members of the caddisfly family are probably best known for their aquatic larval stage. Larvae construct distinctive cases to help protect them from predators. The case-making larvae are scavengers that also constitute an important food source for fish. The adult stage is also interesting given its wispy antennae and mottled wings that tent over the insect’s abdomen. Many species of caddisfly live at the cottage, with adults coming in many shades from brown to gray to black. This gray adult specimen was 3.5 centimeters long with interesting white mottling on its wings. The road duster is a member of the grasshopper family. At rest on roadsides and disturbed soil, this drab-looking cinnamon-brown to gray-coloured grasshopper can be difficult to spot as it blends well with its surroundings; even its eyes blend into the overall background. It is a different matter when flying, as the trailing edge of the road duster’s dark gray hind wings have a narrow band of white or yellow. In flight they can easily be mistaken for mourning cloak butterflies, at least by us. Road dusters are the largest of the grasshoppers we see at the cottage with adults growing to 5 centimeters in length. Having watched where this individual landed, we were able to take this ‘at rest’ photograph. The rough stink bug is usually found on tree trunks. While they can grow from one to two centimeters long, they can be difficult to spot because their irregular shape and gray colour allow them to blend in with the tree bark. All stink bugs, which are members of the true bug family, have a triangular-shaped segment, called a scutellum, between their ‘shoulders’. Stink bugs are herbivorous insects that are common at our cottage and have scent glands that can produce a bad odour when the insect feels threatened, hence the insect’s common name. This individual, with its pronounced black markings along the edge of the abdomen, was spotted resting on the cottage deck. The notable sawyer, a member of the beetle family, feeds on wood in its larval stage. The body of adults can grow to 3.5 centimeters in length. The most distinctive feature is its long, curved antennae. The males have longer antennae, in proportion to their body size, than the females while the females tend to be larger overall than the males. This individual male sporting black spots on its gray wing covers, termed elytra, was photographed while it checked out our wood deck at the cottage. A wood-boring beetle, it may have been considering the deck for its nursery. Oh no! The next time you spot, but prepare to ignore, a gray insect you may want to take a closer look to see if you can find its interesting attributes. This can prove rewarding. We relied on the following field guides in preparing this article: Peter W. Hall et al’s The ROM Field Guide to Butterflies of Ontario; and, John Acorn’s Bugs of Ontario.

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The sale of drones are on the increase with each passing year and more and more people are embracing the idea of owning such devices. With all the attention, these unmanned aerial vehicles are now finding more practical and innovative uses. The word “drone” has been explained differently and from divers perspectives which originated from the old English word drān, drǣn, which means ‘male bee’. Drones can be seen as “An unmanned aircraft or ship that can navigate autonomously, without human control or beyond the line of sight”. Another frequently used definition is: “Drone is any unmanned aircraft or ship that is guided remotely”. Drones can fly in both Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and non satellite modes. For example Da Jiang Innovations (DJI) drones can fly in P-Mode (GPS & GLONASS) or ATTI mode, which doesn’t use satellite navigation. More often drones are used to get work done faster and timely. With the help of thermal sensors, drones can locate lost persons and are especially useful at night or even in challenging terrains. Despite drones been quick and accurate, it is also use for supplying food and medical services to deprived and unreachable areas. In resent times many African Countries have adopted drone technology to enhance their lives as well as development. Countries like Ghana and Rwanda can be said to be some of the few African Nations that has adopted the use of drone in their health sectors. Ghana is the second country to Zipline’s live operations program. Zipline got off the ground in Rwanda and has leveraged its experience in East Africa to begin testing medical delivery services in the United States. The President of Ghana, Nana Akufo-Addo has said the medical drones in the country will be the world’s largest. According to him, “The drone delivery service will save lives, decrease wastage in the system, guarantee healthcare access for more than 14 million people nationwide, and employ over 200 Ghanaians.” Furthermore drones are also used to enforce law and security – these devices have the ability of hovering around locations without drawing much attention to itself. Thus, this can be used for surveillance or for public safety. Unmanned aerial vehicles can be use to detect and as well give accurate and vivid information at crime scenes. The media world has adopted the idea of using drones for its effectiveness. Drones have helped in bringing out great aerial view and high quality Documentaries in Ghana. Some of these Documentaries are used to target developmental projects such as the activities of Galamsey in Ghana and showing the overview beautiful landscapes in Ghana. Journalist have benefited from the ability of drones to reach where no human efforts can reach. Drones in some countries are used for commercial purposes by delivering goods and services in order to curb hard and difficult human efforts. Amazon is working on its resources to facilitate 30-minute delivery services by means of drones. Another example is when Google launched its first drone delivery service. Which is said to deliver food and drinks as well as medication directly to clients’ homes. Notwithstanding, drone technology is advancing quickly with amazing uses that can also help in the area of development. The intriguing part is where some African countries have adopted the use of drones for various useful activities for growth. Drones can be considered to have become a part of technological advancement in human life and the way drones are helping countries, organizations and individuals, one cannot tell what more benefit we will be getting from drone technology. By: Adu Boahen Mabel and Neizer

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FACT: We study evolution in nematodes by constructing trees out of their penis size. Ok, well a “penis” in male nematodes is actually a hard copulatory spine called a genital spicule–males physically pry open the female’s vulva–but you get the idea. What better way to open a blog post about the story of size? Marine nematodes are the most badass of all nematodes, because they hold the records for both the largest AND smallest species out of the entire Phylum. The worms I study on a daily basis hold the Guinness World Record for “smallest nematodes” (yes, there is apparently a Guinness World Record for everything these days). Here’s the pathetic description: The world’s smallest nematodes or round worms have no common names and live in marine sediments. They are only 80 µm long, which means that it would take 20-30 of these minuscule worms lying end to end to equal the thickness of a single average coin. Well Guinness, my marine nematodes don’t need your “common names” because they are too awesome for that. Hrumph. On the other side of the size spectrum, the award for largest nematode goes to Placentonema gigantissima, a parasitic species in the reproductive organs of whales that grows up to approximately 30 feet (8 meters) . Although based on my investigations, measurements of this giant nematode might fit under Dr M’s definition of “dubious record”, since the only scientific reference I could find was an inaccessible 1951 journal article from the USSR Academy of Sciences. On top of that I found one grainy picture: In addition to overall size, some nematodes just have weird body proportions. The deep-sea genus Manganonema lives in sediments and is easy to spot under the microscope because of its really, really tiny head (the pointy end is the tail): The bodies of some marine nematodes look like short little sausages (although rather hairy and spiky, which might ruin your appetite for sausages). Don’t let the electron microscope images fool you – both Desmoscolex sp. and Greeffiella sp. measure in around 80 micrometers (0.08mm or 3 thousands of an inch – on par with the Guinness World Record for smallest nematode): Then there’s the really odd genus Draconema, which gives me nightmares because it looks like a hairy bloodsucking sperm. This worm uses the hairs all on its body for locomotion. And then there are the Epsilonematidae nematodes who can’t even: But my favorite nematodes of all are the big predatory ones. I think this picture from the Nikon Small World competition eloquently sums up the story of size in nematodes–in their world, between grains of sand, some nematodes are lumbering giants and others are diminutive prey. But to us humans, nematodes are all tiny microscopic creatures, and too often ignored when we measure the ocean. Kiontke, K. C., Felix, M.-A., Ailion, M., Rockman, M. V., Braendle, C., Pénigault, J.-B., & Fitch, D. H. A. (2011). A phylogeny and molecular barcodes for Caenorhabditis, with numerous new species from rotting fruits. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 11, 339. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-339 Zeppilli, Daniela, Ann Vanreusel, and Roberto Danovaro. (2011) Cosmopolitanism and biogeography of the genus Manganonema (Nematoda: Monhysterida) in the Deep Sea. Animals 1: 291-305.

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In this blogpost, we summarize what we have done after publishing the first progress report of ‘Algorithm models for maritime routes’ project. The following consists of 2 main parts including work done in front end and back end parts. Path finding Algorithm Finding the best route between start and destination points in the map is the same as finding the shortest path in the graph. At its core, a pathfinding method searches a graph by starting at one vertex and exploring adjacent nodes until the destination node is reached, generally with the intent of finding the shortest route. There are many famous algorithms such as Breadth First Search, Depth First Search and Dijkstra algorithm. However these algorithms are proportional to the number of vertices and edges of the graph. In the case of maps, these algorithms become impossible to use, because of the graph size. So, for the problems in maps it is more convenient to use the optimization algorithms – it is not guaranteed to get the shortest path, but the solution in average will be very good. The current algorithm is an ant colony optimization algorithm. An ant colony algorithm is the algorithm for finding optimal paths that are based on the behavior of ants searching for food. At first, the ants wander randomly. When an ant finds a source of food, it walks back to the colony leaving “markers” (pheromones) that show the path has food. When other ants come across the markers, they are likely to follow the path with a certain probability. If they do, they then populate the path with their own markers as they bring the food back. As more ants find the path, it gets stronger until there are a couple streams of ants traveling to various food sources near the colony. Because the ants drop pheromones every time they bring food, shorter paths are more likely to be stronger, hence optimizing the “solution.” In the meantime, some ants are still randomly scouting for closer food sources. Now we are implementing another optimization algorithm called ‘bidirectional search’. Bidirectional search is a graph search algorithm that finds a shortest path from an initial vertex to a goal vertex in a directed graph. It runs two simultaneous searches: one forward from the initial state, and one backward from the goal, stopping when the two meet in the middle. After finishing this algorithm we will able to compare both algorithms. This also will find out which algorithm is more preferable for which case. Because, it is not only finding the shortest path but finding the path such that it considers wind, currents, sailing polars. For testing purposes we will run both algorithms in the same data. We have quite large and informative dataset available for testing our progress. The important part of data is sea data and data containing geographical information of the given area. Also from previous project we have annual means of a sample drifter. We may use some part of this available data. The interactive map, feature editing, and path drawing is completed on the front end. The only remaining tasks are to add the source/destination input mechanism, and the integration of the backend and the frontend. After these essential tasks are finished, a week can be spent on making the overall user interface prettier. Overall, in the current stage we are adding new algorithm to the backend and it is going to take some time to test it and compare it with other algorithms. Also, in the frontend part we are going to implement ORBIS like system. In this stage, we are not sure whether we will have enough time to connect these two ends. The code related to the front end can be found at following link :

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The first sound card to output PCM audio — the kind you need for audio samples — wasn’t the Sound Blaster. The AdLib Music Synthesizer Card could output PCM audio over software. The AdLib card also cost $200 at the time of its release. This was too much for some, and in time the Creative Labs Sound Blaster was released for the rock-bottom price of $125. This was a more capable card, and in the years since prices on the used market have gone through the roof. In 1990, you could buy a Sound Blaster for a Benjamin and a half, in 2019, prices on eBay are reaching and exceeding $400. With the prices of used cards so high, we start to get into the territory where it starts to make sense to reverse engineer and re-manufacture the entire card. This hasn’t been done before, but that’s no matter for [Eric Schlaepfer], or [@TubeTimeUS]; he’s done crazier projects before, and this one is no different. In reverse-engineering the Sound Blaster, there are a few necessary components. The Sound Blaster had an OPL2 chip for sound synthesis, which you can get through various vendors. The trick, though, is the microcontroller. This is really just an 8051 with a custom mask ROM. The goal of this project is actually just to dump the ROM on the Intel 8051-alike microcontroller. This is something that’s relatively commonly done in high-tech labs, and luckily the Bay Area has [John McMaster], the guy who will take you into his lab and strip a die from its epoxy. Looking at the chip under the microscope, it was discovered the mask ROM on this chip was an implant ROM, with the ones and zeros represented by invisible ions in the substrate itself. There was no hope of reverse-engineering this chip from a purely visual inspection, but there was a sense amplifier on one of the data lines. By probing this sense amplifier while running through the address space, [Eric] was able to dump all the bytes of the ROM one bit at a time. However, and there’s always a however, there are clone Sound Blasters out there, usually from China, and you can dump these chips if you’re lucky enough to get your hands on one. [Eric] reached out to the community and found these clone microcontrollers didn’t have the code protect bit set; dumping these was easy. This ROM was compared to the work [Eric] did with the sense amplifier, and after figuring out the order of the bits, it was found the code matched. The code was successfully cloned, and now new Sound Blasters can be made. Don’t tell eBay that, because someone is trying to sell one of [Eric]’s clone cards for $180. All the code, files, materials, and everything needed to clone a Sound Blaster can be found in [Eric]’s GitHub, although there are a few open questions as to what’s going on in the Sound Blaster’s microcontroller. There’s a ‘secret’ 512-byte ROM on the die, and no one outside of an Intel NDA knows what it does. This could be used for a manufacturing test, but who knows. Other than that, there are a few features in the code that weren’t used, like previously unknown DSP commands, an ADPCM lookup table, and a routine that plays from SRAM without using DMA. It’s a deep dive into the inner workings of the most popular sound card of all time, and it’s quite simply amazing.

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With soft-mounding scalloped leaves and delicate blossoms nodding on flower stems, columbine (Aquilegia) is appropriate for borders, cottage gardens or naturalizing wooded areas. There are more than 65 species of columbine, most ranging in height from 1 to 3 feet tall, although A. chrysantha reaches 4 feet. The bonnet-like flowers come in single hues and bi-colored in shades of white, pink, crimson, yellow, purple and blue; modern hybrids have spurs on the back of the flowers. This perennial grows in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 3 through 9. Once established, columbine require little care. Apply a complete plant food on established plantings of columbines. Begin in early spring, when new growth appears, and reapply monthly. Watch for the columbines to sprout in the spring. The blossoms last for about six weeks. Deadhead faded blossoms to stimulate a second blooming. Water the flowers regularly to keep the soil moist - but not soggy - to a depth of 1 inch. Do not allow the soil of new columbines to dry out between watering. Spread a 2-inch layer of mulch around the base of columbines. Use plant stakes or rings to support taller varieties of the flower. Watch for snails. Pick them by hand or spread diatomaceous earth around the base of the flower. Leaf miners leave an unsightly squiggly line below the surface of the leaf, but they do not kill the columbines. Cut old growth to the ground as it dies. Leave the last flowers on the columbine to develop seed capsules. Remove these for planting the following year or leave them to burst and self-sow the flower. Things You Will Need - Complete plant food - Plant stakes, optional - Diatomaceous earth - Garden shears - Seeds from hybrid columbine may not look like the parent plant. - Add columbine to cut flower arrangements and the dried seed pods to dried arrangements. - The New Sunset Western Garden Book; Kathleen Norris Brenzel - The Flower Gardener’s Bible; Lewis and Nancy Hill - The Complete Garden Flower Book; Catie Ziller - Burpee Complete Gardener; Barbara W. Ellis - Bay Natives: Aquilegia formosa - Washington State University Horticulture and Landscape Architecture: Aquilegia - Texas Agrilife Extension Service: Growing Columbines - Jupiterimages/Photos.com/Getty Images

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Opioid Prescribing Resources The United States is currently seeing the highest overdose death rates ever recorded in the nation's history. Every day, more than 116 people in the US die after overdosing on opioids. The misuse and addiction to opioids, including prescription pain relievers, heroin, and synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, is a serious national crisis that affects public health as well as social and economic welfare. The Surgical Setting is a Gateway to Addiction that Can Be Prevented The surgical setting exposes more than 40 million patients annually to excess risk and potential addiction from opioids postoperatively1,2 - As many as 6.5% of these patients (~2.6M patients) that take opioids to manage pain after surgery may become persistent opioid users.2 Of these patients up to 670,000 will develop Opioid Use Disorder (DUD) or addiction.3 Post-operative prescriptions put over a billion left-over opioids into medicine cabinets every year - In 2012, more than 255 million opioid prescriptions were written in the U.S.4 - The surgical process accounted for 36.5% of total opioid prescriptions - A recent review of 6 studies showed 67-92% of patients reported unused opioids after surgery5 - 55% of people who misuse opioids obtain them from family or friends who have excess pills6 1. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Vital Statistics System. https://www.cdc.govfnchs!nvss/vsrr/mortality.htm - Quarterly Provisional Estimates for Selected Indicators of Mortality, 201 5—Quarter 2, 2017. Updated November 3, 2017. Accessed November 6, 2017.2. Brummett CM et al. JAMA Stir9. 201 7;e170504. 3. CDC 2017: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Opiold Overdose: U.S. Prescribing Rates Map. Available at https:llwww.cdc.govfdrugoverdose/maps/rxrate-maps.html. Accessed 8 March 2018.6. Levy et al. Am J Prey Med. 201 5;49(3):409-41 3.5. Bicket et al. JAMA Surg2Ol7;152(11):1066-1071. 6. United States for Non-Dependence. Available at http://www.planagainstpain.com/resources/usnd/. Published September 2017. Accessed 28 February 2018. In light of an ongoing opioid epidemic in the United States, the ASPS Patient Safety Committee has created a webpage dedicated to opioid prescribing resources. This site includes general information on opioids, a free CME course, and an ASPS Advocacy section. This site will be updated as new information becomes available. This section provides general information on opioids. Learn more by clicking on each bullet item below. - Managing Opioid Addiction Risk in Plastic Surgery during the Perioperative Period - Google Launches Effort to Fight Opioid Epidemic - CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain - Promoting Safer and More Effective Pain Management - Reversing the Opioid Epidemic - ASPS Summary on America's Addiction to Opioids - Opioid Fast Facts - National Roadmap on State-Level Efforts to End the Opioid Epidemic - 'Broken Marketplace' Behind Ongoing Drug Shortages, FDA Says The goal of this activity is to improve the safe prescribing of opioids. Earn CME credits by taking courses on opioids. ASPS is working with the Alliance of Specialty Medicine to influence Congress as they study the opioid epidemic. Last updated on September 9, 2019.

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The Old Testament represents humanity’s best effort to record the actions and revelations of God to his chosen people, Israel, from the beginning of time to the birth of Jesus. Through careful reading and study, Christians come to a more complete understanding of God, the Father of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ. As the soil in which the Christian faith is rooted, the Old Testament brings closer to Jesus as we are united with the people of ancient Israel. First and foremost, the Old Testament is about God: who he is, what he does, and why he does it. It is the testament of God’s faithfulness and care of his chosen people. The story of God, of course, begins in the Book of Genesis with the primeval history of the world. Genesis 1-11 represents Israel’s understanding of the world as they knew it. Although the ancients did not possess the level of scientific knowledge that we in the modern world have, they found themselves pondering the universe and God’s creation and humanity’s place in this God-created world. These primeval events include: Creation, Adam and Eve, Cain and Abel, Noah and the Flood, and the Tower of Babel, followed by the genealogy from Noah to Abram. This primeval history sets the stage for the selection of Abram to be the father of the nation of Israel and are key to understanding the Bible in its entirety – the Old Testament and the New Testament. This small portion of Scripture reveals God to us. God is the creator of all things, including humans. Created in his image, our lack of trust in him provides the opening Satan needs to bring sin into God’s perfect creation. But God remains our loving Father, merciful and just. It is in these first eleven chapters of the Bible that God begins to reveal his plan for reconciliation. Just how then are we to understand Genesis as primeval history? Borrowing from the wealth of cultural traditions of the people of the nations around them, the Israelites orally passed down stories from generation to generation that held significance to them as a nation. This explains why historians and anthropologists can, without diminishing the importance of the events in the life of Israel, draw comparisons between the events recorded in the opening chapters of Genesis with the creation and flood accounts found in the literary histories of other cultures. This is not to say that the Israelites simply borrowed the oral traditions of neighboring cultures. Instead, the people of Yahweh took some of the stories that they heard and interpreted them in light of the one true God they had come to know. Even with limited knowledge of the science we take for granted, the Israelites understood all of creation to be the design of God. The first eleven chapters of Genesis contain their interpretation of the events of primeval history. Having this insight into the context in which the Israelites understood primeval history allows the modern reader, who possesses a greater scientific understanding of the universe, to read the events recorded in a different light: we are now free to explore the meaning of God’s creative action with the constraints imposed by science as we know it. One final note: My personal theology and understanding of Biblical interpretation has been predominantly formed through my years of participation in the life and witness of an Evangelical Lutheran Church in America Congregation and the ELCA Candidacy process for Associate in Ministry. I understand that Lutherans understand and interpret Scripture on a wide spectrum from allowing for no historical, cultural, or literary criticism to “anything goes.” Some Lutherans claim the Bible to be the inerrant and inspired Word of God while others leave out the inerrant in favor of inspired Word of God. That being said, on some issues I am on the conservative side and others are more centrist. I do not consider myself a liberal on any theological issue. Speaking from my heart,

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Skin is the outer covering of the body and the largest organ of the human body. Skin helps you feel things around you and play a key role in making you look beautiful. It is the skin that holds the moisture, prevents dehydration and keeps harmful bacteria out. In fact, skin works like a protective layer and without it, people will often get sick. It is very essential to keep your skin as healthy as you can. However, many a times, the skin ends up having various types of spots and blemishes which can be related to your diet, lifestyle and internal organs. If taken a closer look, these spots and blemishes can give signals to certain health problems. Here are five common skin spots and blemishes and their meaning with regards to your health. Bumpy forehead: Health experts believe that the forehead can be broken down into sections and each section relate to a different type of health problem. For instance, the top part of the forehead is related to the bladder, the middle is related to your digestive system and lower part gives indication about your liver health. When you have bumpy forehead, it clearly gives indication that something is wrong within your body. It often relates to unhealthy eating habits. Take a closer what you are eating and try to reduce stress, exercise daily and drink more water to keep spots at bay on your forehead. Sore spots on the chin and upper lip: Such spots generally relates to hormonal fluctuations often before menstruation or ovulation time. In case, if you notice that you often get spots on one side of your chin more than the other it means this is the side where the ovary is releasing the egg. Little can be done to avoid such spots as they are related to hormones and often get healed with time. However, it has been found that taking a vitamin B supplement helps to balance hormones during the monthly cycle and can help a little. Spots on the cheeks: Spots on the checks are often considered the worst ones as they often take a toll on your beauty. These spots need to be handled with care or else there will remain a permanent mark on your cheeks. Try not to squeeze cheek spots as the skin here is soft and sensitive and may lead to scarring. It has been found that such spots on the cheeks may be the result of eating too much meat, sugar and dairy products. Avoid such foods for some time and soon you can notice improvement in your skin condition. Spots on the jaw line: Spots on the jaw line can be painful and very difficult to get rid of them. The cause behind such spots is again related to poor diet and often relates to congestion in the large intestine. If there are often spots on the jaw line, then it is highly recommended to have a close look at what you are eating. Instead of processed food, opt for more fresh fruits and vegetable. Also try to increase your intake of water and other healthy fluids like green tea, coconut water and so on. Spots on your nose: Spots on the nose are usually born out of clogged pores and blackheads. It can even be a symptom of an underlying hormonal condition that can cause far more than facial blemishes. Try steaming your face and use a daily cleanser. Drinking water and exfoliating can also eliminate blackheads. Choose gently products if you have sensitive or spot prone skin. Well, all these skin spots and blemishes can be treated with over the counter medicines and some easy to follow home remedies that you can find at www.top10homeremedies.com. However, if you often suffer from these skin problems and there is no improvement in your condition, make an appointment with a skin specialist as soon as possible.

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Many people can relate to that feeling of getting home from the office later than normal and getting to bed behind schedule because of it. And whose alarm has never gone off before you may have wanted it to on a workday? But some jobs are especially, consistently bad for your sleep like anything that requires you to work the night shift, which may raise risk of on-the-job injuries, diabetes, obesity, heart disease, memory problems and even some cancers. Where does your job rank? In a report released earlier this month, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention measured for the first time which occupations are most likely to get at least the minimum seven hours of sleep per night that the American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends and which professions are least likely to meet that bar. Telephone operators have it worst Switchboard and telephone operators are least likely to get the recommended minimum seven hours of sleep compared to other professions, according to the CDC. This came as a surprise to the researchers, and demonstrates why its so important to look at how our jobs affect sleep, report author Taylor Shockey, a fellow at the CDCs National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, told The Huffington Post. So many of the choices we make because of work affect our health. But when it comes to measuring health and particularly occupational health sleep is often overlooked, Shockey explained. Yet the type of work a person does and their sleep duration are significantly [linked], she said. To come up with the rankings, the CDC analyzed survey responses from 179,621 workers in 29 states who reported how much sleep they typically got in a 24-hour period. The researchers organized the survey respondents into 22 broad occupational categories, and then broke those down further into 93 more specific groups. Switchboard and telephone operators make up one of the more specific professional groups from the list of 93 (communications equipment operators). Bad sleep hurts employers bottom lines, too This data shows that what you do for a living and how long you sleep are related, Shockey said. And thats important because not getting enough sleep is associated with multiple negative health outcomes. In the short term, a lack of adequate sleep can make you more irritable, less focused and more at risk of accidents. In the longer term,it can put you at higher risk of heart disease, obesity, anxiety and depression. And it doesnt only hurt individuals it hurts businesses and our economy overall, too. Research has found that workers not getting enough sleep costs the U.S. economy up to $411 billion a year, and results in approximately 1.2 million days of lost work. Shockey said it was surprising how widely the percentage of short sleepers varied from occupation to occupation. Among the 22 larger groups, 42.9 percent of production workers reported not clocking seven or more hours of sleep per night, compared with only 31.3 percent of farming, fishing and forestry workers. And among the 93 more specific categories, 58.2 percent of communication equipment operators reported not getting sufficient sleep, compared with only 21.4 percent of air transportation workers. Some seemingly similar professions had very different sleep habits, Shockey noted. Air transportation workers were most likely to report getting enough sleep, while rail transportation workers were among theleast likely, with 52.7 percent saying they didnt get seven hours of sleep per night. That probably has something to do with policy: The Federal Aviation Administrationrequires that pilots are given a 10-hour minimum rest periodbefore flight duty, a protection that rail workers dont have, Shockey said. Being able to drill down further into the broader occupation groups can reveal new areas where more research is needed, Shockey said and can show where theres room for more resources and stronger employee protections. Read more: www.huffingtonpost.com

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An emerging biotype of Coconut rhinoceros beetle discovered in the Pacific The discovery of a new biotype of Coconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB), Oryctes rhinoceros, is an imminent threat to the livelihoods and economy of Pacific Islanders reliant on coconut, oil palm and other palms. The new biotype, known as CRB-Guam was first discovered in Guam in 2007. Further invasions by the same biotype have been recorded on the Papua New Guinea (PNG) mainland (2009), Hawaii (2014), Palau (2014) and Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands (2015). This is different from the CRB Pacific-biotype, which has been confirmed for Samoa (1909), New Britain (PNG; 1942), New Ireland (PNG; 1952), Fiji (1953). While not yet confirmed the CRB-Pacific biotype is also likely present in American Samoa (1909), Keppel Island (Tonga; 1921), Vavau (Tonga; 1953), Tongatapu (Tonga; 1961), and Tokelau (year unknown). Palau has had CRB since 1942 but the biotype determination in 2014 showed both types currently coexist in Palau. CRB-Guam biotype has invaded five Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs) in the last 9 years compared to the CRB-Pacific biotype, which has had no further record of spreading since a biological control campaign using the Oryctes nudivirus was initiated in the 1960’s. The virus is established in the CRB-Pacific biotype. However, of greatest concern is that the CRB-Guam biotype is resistant to known isolates of Oryctes nudivirus (OrNV), which have proven to be effective against the CRB-Pacific biotype. The presence of the CRB-Guam biotype has shown evidence of severe to catastrophic levels of damage (50 – 90 %) as compared to the CRB-Pacific biotype which, with virus biocontrol, only causes light to moderate damage (10 – 50%) in ‘hot spots’ with uncontrolled breeding sites. A review of the potential pathways that CRB can use to spread between islands and nations in PICTs is important. Detection of first incursions usually results from evidence of physical damage symptoms on the palm leaves, which becomes evident up to 4 months after the beetle has caused the damage. CRB has a long life cycle of about 180 days. The adult beetles can live up to 9 months and within that period cause damage by chewing into the growing shoot of the palms, which results in the V-shape notches on the leaves after they unfurl (this can be up to 4 months after the damage has been caused). Intensive feeding damage can cause eventual death to the palms. The immature stages (i.e. grubs) of the beetle feed on compost materials. CRB can fly to spread throughout islands, but dispersal between islands depends on human mediated activities. Soil and plant materials can contain the immature life stages of the beetle. The beetles are attracted to light from boats and planes, which can then transport them to new locations. The use of pheromone trap technology is common for CRB surveillance and National Biosecurity Authorities are encouraged to use them for early detection and monitoring programmes. The pheromones are expensive, but individual sachets last for about 3 months. Implementing management initiatives to supress CRB populations in infested sites is important to limit damage at infested sites and lessen the chance of beetles spreading to new sites. Some of the management interventions that can be employed include: crop sanitation, pheromone trapping, biological control agents, cover-cropping, insecticide application, and physical killing of beetles (e.g. in damage holes and after they come to lights at night). ddressing the threat of the CRB-Guam biotype in the PICTs will require a concerted effort in the Pacific Region to raise awareness through biosecurity networks of the potential threat of CRB-Guam biotype and provide information for early detection and eradication of limited outbreaks. Formation of an International Working Group to develop a strategy for control and containment and for coordinating activities is required. Allocation of funds by PICTs to promote media awareness of CRB, and donor partners providing funds to key institutions in the region to enable biocontrol research and development initiatives (e.g. identification of a Oryctes nudivirus strain virulent against the CRB-Guam biotype) are critically important. SourceSPC Land Resourcees Division

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Book: The Republic by Peter O'Lalorcategories: Book, American Colonial History, British Colonial History, Common Law History, Revolutionary Generation, Alexander Hamilton, Federal Convention, Constiutional Convention, Founding Fathers, Adam Smith, , American History Peter O'Lalorabout this book: This is a student's guide to the The Never Realized Republic published in print, (2004) and a Kindle rewrite, (March of 2012). Since the book covers a lot of history it also explains what makes history non-fiction and explains the history of the written word. It is a lesson in scholarship as well as a lesson not only in history, but what history the American Founders were most familiar with. For example: Each chapter begins with a three to four paragraph summary of what the chapter is about. Since it weaves together elements of ancient and modern history, economics, philosophy, religion and education, it is valuable to students and general readership. The sages of the American Revolution had produced the means to insure that liberty would be the foundation of social, political, and economic opportunity. To establish justice, was to return to first principles of the English Commonwealth and its Duty of the Sovereign. The Revolution sought economic, political, and social justice that was not to be found under England's political economy of Mercantilism. Subsequently, Capitalism; to the Founding Fathers, was to usher in an age to benefit all of humanity. The fall from England's first principle, resulted in a classical example of Aristotelian perversion, and the Polybian promise, of the cycle of virtue and corruption. Founding principles were resorted to when survival necessitated the remedy of political evils. Falling away from those principles was of course, corruption. To remedy political evils, republics consistently sought the first principles upon which their polity was founded. This is why James Madison made it so clear that the federal Constitution "was less in the addition of NEW POWERS to the Union than in the invigoration of its ORIGINAL POWERS." However, a counter-revolution occurred in the early 1790s as the newly born Federalists, quickly seized control of the economy; and laid to rest the aims of the Revolution, and replaced the age old Sovereign's duty of obligation, with an arbitrary authority, that pursued the expansion and domination of trade backed by an elite military. what to read next: if you read and liked this book... Other book by Peter O'Lalor • Book Review: The Never Realized Republic - Political Economy and Republican Virtue by Peter O'Lalor| • Book Review: A Master Passion, the story of Elizabeth and Alexander Hamilton by Juliet Vandiver Waldron| |show list of all published reviews | subscribe to the feed| |Home | Contact | Legal Notice | Impressum||Book Promotion | Do you like askDavid.com? | Boost Your Karma| As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates.

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Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.Join Britannica's Publishing Partner Program and our community of experts to gain a global audience for your work! Rivers, state, southern Nigeria, comprising the Niger River delta on the Gulf of Guinea. It is bounded by the states of Anambra and Imo on the north, Abia and Akwa Ibom on the east, and Bayelsa and Delta on the west. Rivers state contains mangrove swamps, tropical rainforest, and many rivers. Several Ijo fishing settlements in what is now Rivers—including Abonnema, Degema, Okrika, Bonny, Brass, Akassa, Nembe (Nimbi), and New Calabar—became important in the early 19th century because of their trade in slaves and later for the export of palm oil and palm kernels. Incorporated as part of the Oil Rivers Protectorate in 1885 and Niger Coast Protectorate in 1893, the area became part of the amalgamated British colony and protectorate of Nigeria in 1914. In 1976 some parts of the Ndoni territory in former Bendel state were added to Rivers state. Fishing and farming are the principal occupations of the region. Plantains, bananas, cassava, oil palms, coconuts, rubber trees, raffia, and citrus fruits are grown. Large deposits of crude oil and natural gas in the Niger River delta are the state’s major mineral resources. Major oil terminals exist offshore from Brass and Bonny, and petroleum refineries have been established at Port Harcourt and nearby Alesa-Eleme. Port Harcourt, the state capital and one of the nation’s largest ports, is on the southern terminus of the eastern branch of the Nigerian Railway’s main line. Most industrial activity in the state is centred in Port Harcourt, which has become one of the nation’s leading industrial centres and is the site of a federal university, the University of Port Harcourt (founded 1975). Because the landscape is dominated by the networks of rivers and mangrove swamps, water serves as the principal means of transport through much of the western part of the state. Area 8,436 square miles (21,850 square km). Pop. (2006) 5,185,400. Learn More in these related Britannica articles: Nigeria, country located on the western coast of Africa. Nigeria has a diverse geography, with climates ranging from arid to humid equatorial. However, Nigeria’s most diverse feature is its people. Hundreds of languages are spoken in the country, including Yoruba, Igbo, Fula, Hausa, Edo, Ibibio, Tiv, and English. The country… Niger River, principal river of western Africa. With a length of 2,600 miles (4,200 km), it is the third longest river in Africa, after the Nile and the Congo. The Niger is believed to have been named by the Greeks. Along its course it is known by several names. These… Gulf of Guinea Gulf of Guinea, part of the eastern tropical Atlantic Ocean off the western African coast, extending westward from Cap López, near the Equator, to Cape Palmas at longitude 7° west. Its major tributaries include the Volta and Niger rivers.…

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Ulnar tunnel syndrome occurs when the ulnar nerve in the wrist becomes compressed by a cyst or repeated strain. The nerve compression can cause numbness or tingling in the hands or fingers, burning pain, muscle weakness in the hand, difficulty gripping with the fingers and thumb, and fingers bending into a claw shape. The ulnar nerve runs from the neck down to the hand. At the wrist, the lunar nerve enters the hand though Guyon’s canal. If the nerve becomes compressed here, it causes ulnar tunnel syndrome. Compression of this nerve at the elbow is called cubital tunnel syndrome. Ulnar tunnel syndrome is less common than cubital tunnel syndrome and carpal tunnel syndrome. Development of a ganglion cyst in the wrist is a common cause of ulnar tunnel syndrome but anything which places pressure on the ulnar nerve in the wrist can be a cause. The risk of developing ulnar tunnel syndrome is greater if a person has had a previous injury to the wrist, performs repetitive tasks with the hands, does activities or sports that put the wrist under strain or uses vibrating tools. Diagnosis is typically made by medical history and physical exam. However, a physician may also suggest imaging studies (x-ray, CT scan, and/or MRI), electromyography, and/or nerve conduction study. Surgery is performed if the condition is caused by a ganglion cyst or fractured hamate. Sometimes a surgeon will cut a ligament to relieve the pressure in the wrist. When caused by repetitive strain a wrist brace, reduction of repetitive movements, and physical therapy, called neural mobilization, may be useful. Diagnosis of ulnar tunnel syndrome is relatively easy if the condition is acute. However, most patients suffer intermittent symptoms for months or even years before seeking treatment. Once the ulnar nerve becomes inflamed nerve compression can occur at multiple locations. I often tell my patients that the safest diagnosis is a “neck-shoulder-arm-hand syndrome” as impingement must be addressed each potential location. Clinically, ulnar tunnel syndrome responds extremely well to extremity manipulation. Often patients will note an immediate improvement in hand strength after manipulation of the wrist. However, inflammation must also be addressed along with eliminating or minimizing the activity that irritates the ulnar nerve. Chronic cases often involve neuropathy (nerve damage). The prognosis is then guarded as healing of the ulnar nerve must be facilitated after the impingement is reduced. Inositol and St. John’s Wort are my preferred nutritional support for neuropathy. Grape seed extract can also be beneficial if there is a circulatory component. The Bottom Line: If you suffer symptoms of ulnar tunnel syndrome I highly recommend you consult with a chiropractic physician that performs extremity manipulation and also has a degree in nutrition. The combined approach of manipulation and nutrition is the most effective, least invasive form of treatment. Source: May 21, 2018 National Institutes of Health

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Statistics show that majority of American youth live sedentary lifestyles yet this can cause both health and learning problems in schools. Schools are at a unique position to solve the obesity problem because this is where students spend most of their time; their level of physical activity through physical education is determined through these schools and so are nutritional lifestyles. There is a need to determine what the link between these three aspects is i. e. physical education, nutrition and obesity in schools in order to understand what the root cause of obesity is. Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine the link between physical activity, nutritional intake and obesity in schools. In other words, the study will attempt to determine whether nutritional intakes in schools could be causing childhood obesity and also whether physical activity is a contributory factor towards obesity in schools. In other words, there will be two phases in this research; the first is establishing a link between physical activity and obesity in schools and the second will be establishing a link between nutritional intakes and obesity in schools. The variable parameters will be nutritional intake and physical inactivity and obesity will be the non variable factor. All the latter issues will be examined within a school context. (Jefferies, 2007) Obesity levels in the study will be determined by measuring Body mass Index of the children chosen for study. It should be noted that when the latter measurements exceed ninety five percent, then those children fall within the category of obesity or they can also be called overweight. Physical activity can be determined by looking at fitness levels. Here standard fitness tests will be administered in which one’s aerobic capacity will be ascertained and so will their recovery tests. Nutritional information will be analyzed by looking at a number of issues that range from the content of the food to the amount of time allocated to it and the number of students who actually eat that school food. At the end of the study, the research should be able to determine what the contributory levels of nutritional and physical activity in schools are towards causing obesity. In other words, the research will be able to verify whether school programs play a contributory role to causing obesity amongst children. (Alderman, 2004) 2) Description of the Community The community chosen for study is the high school environment. This will encompass a series of individuals from various social and economic backgrounds since the schools chosen for analysis will be public schools. These schools will be located in the State of California. The reason why this particular area was chosen for study was that California is rich in a number of public schools and it is highly multiracial thus representing a larger portion of the entire country demographic. Most public schools contain a mixture of individuals from different social economic backgrounds but there are some that are located in rich neighborhoods and thus considered wealthy while others are located in poorer locations. Since five schools will be utilized for this study, then care will be taken to represent all sides of the divide. Two schools will represent low income backgrounds, two schools will come from middle income households while one school will represent wealthy households.

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News 24 Reporter Darjeeling : When the Vice-Principal of Salesian College Sonada, Fr C.M. Paul launched a plastic waste management campaign to prevent environmental pollution, the students giggled. The aim was to make bricks with plastic litter to mark 50th anniversary of Earth Day held on 22 April 2019. Salesian College Sonada, is the first Don Bosco degree college in the world. Established in 1933 in Shillong and later re-located to Gorabari village near Sonada town at a height of 6,500 ft above sea level in 1938, it is one of the premiere colleges in the Darjeeling hills. The campaign consisted of students and faculty collecting plastic waste from their villages and towns, shops and restaurants, and in the process create awareness by showing how they could make plastic bricks by stuffing plastic waste into plastic water bottles. These, brick bottles could later be used for constructing outdoor bins for garbage segregation, or lining garden hedges or even making furniture like kitchen cabinets or even entire walls. It is reported that a group of engineering students in Kerala, south India, has developed a machine that prepares eco-bricks from plastic waste. The NSS (National Service Scheme) team of the college under the leadership of Assistant Professor Manoresh Thapa of B.Com department, came forward to take up the challenge and lead the campaign. “As plastic waste cannot be recycled, we decided to make use of it and turn them into bricks,” says Mr Thapa who has taken groups of NSS members from the college to work on environment clean up projects with a local NGO near Gorabari village at 8th Mile midway way between Kurseong and Darjeeling on NH 55 (Hill Cart Road). The bricks are made of dry non-bio-degradable waste stuffed into a plastic bottle with the help of a stick or iron rod. Almost 500 grams of waste can be stuffed into a 1-litre bottle. These plastic bricks are also called ‘eco-bricks’ and they were first made by German architect Andreas Forese. Mr Thapa says, “It is a neat and easy trick that could solve our rising environmental pollution problem.” “I myself have made ten plastic bricks and I must say it is an easy and efficient way to manage plastic waste generated in the college canteen and hostel kitchen,” says Fr Paul. The Community Radio of Salesian College Radio Salesian 90.8 FM – the Voice of the Hills gave air cover for the campaign with daily interviews of students and faculty about their experience in making plastic bricks from plastic waste as well as students recording and airing the campaign songs and jingles. Hearing of the project, the Coordinator of Don Bosco Green Alliance (DBGA), Mr Macson Almeida encouraged the initiative saying, “That is a great initiative. Congratulations to you, your institution and its students for starting this programme. Salesian College is member of DBGA which was formally presented during the International PDO Meet at Nairobi, Kenya on 27 April 2018. Today, DBGA has 117 members in 35 countries! END

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The United States’ state of Indiana is located in the country’s northern region in the Great Lakes and Midwestern area. Nicknamed the Hoosier State, Indiana’s capital city, which is also the largest, is Indianapolis. With an area of around 36,418 square miles, Indiana is the 38th largest state out of all the 50 states in the US. As of 2018, the state had a population of about 6.7 million, which makes it the 17th most populated state. The state of Indiana, as we know it today, was established back on December 11, 1816, which is the year when it was admitted to the Union. Prior to the admission, it was simply known as the Indiana territory. Paleo-Indians were the first people to inhabit Indiana around 8000 BC after the end of the Ice Age. After this group, the Archaic Age, which lasted between 5000 and 4000 BC, came with a different set of indigenous cultures. These cultures were more advanced in their ways of life than the previous ones. Other periods that saw different cultures were the Woodland Period, which started around 1500 BC and the Mississippian Era, which started around 1000 AD all the way to the 15th century. The Arrival of the Europeans The first time Europeans set foot in Indiana was back in 1679 after the arrival of French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle. A year later, he went back to Indiana and soon after, there were more Europeans arriving in the region and established trade. Some of the products traded included jewelry, whiskey, fur, and others. The French went on to establish a number of trading posts due to the booming fur trade. The trade was what prompted the British to war with the French in the 1750s. By 1763, the British finally won the territory and kicked out the French. Eventually, the American Revolutionary finally kicked the British out and saw the establishment of the United States. The Indiana Territory The Congress of the newly formed United States established the Indiana Territory back in 1800 with Vincennes as its capital. Present-day Indiana was formed after the formation of the Illinois Territory in 1809. In the coming years, the US managed to remove rebel resistance in the form of native fighters during the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811. Ascension to Statehood In 1815, the state made a formal request to be admitted to the Union. The request was approved and an Enabling Act created for the establishment of the state’s constitution. The constitution was written in 19 days from June 10, 1816. On December 11 of the same year, President James Madison formally admitted Indiana into the Union. The state capital was changed to Indianapolis from Corydon a few years later in 1825. After the induction into the Union, Indiana embarked on a building path to establish the state as a major state in terms of development. The Indiana Mammoth Internal Improvement Act was probably the most influential development project. The project saw the development of roads, public schools, railroads, and other things. Despite bankrupting the state, the act paid off fourfold through things like increasing land value. About the Author Ferdinand graduated in 2016 with a Bsc. Project Planning and Management. He enjoys writing about pretty much anything and has a soft spot for technology and advocating for world peace. Your MLA Citation Your APA Citation Your Chicago Citation Your Harvard CitationRemember to italicize the title of this article in your Harvard citation.

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We hear the terms data and information a lot in our lives. What do they mean? Are they the same? If not what is the difference between them? I break it down in this article with an example We are bombarded with data every day of our lives. It’s on TV, internet, radio, newspapers, magazine, sports, movies, it’s even found in nature and in the cosmos. Whether you are working in the supermarket or as a CEO you deal with all sorts of data every day. But have you stopped and wondered “what exactly is data”? How would you define data?. Do all the numbers you hear everyday constitute data? What about text, is that data as well? Data, to me is a collection of anecdotes. It could be a single anecdote or millions of them but ultimately that’s all there is to it. A few examples: “There are 20 students in Mrs. Wright’s class” or “There is a cat in the room”. Both are anecdotes and both convey some meaning. The first example gives the number of students in Mrs. Sally’s class while the second one tells us about the presence of a cat in a room. But these anecdotes feel incomplete. For instance, in the first example we have no idea about which class, school, city, country the anecdote is referring to. We also have no knowledge about the makeup of the class. How many boys and girls? What subject is being taught? and so on. In the second example, we have no idea whose room the anecdote is referring to? Or maybe it is a room in an office building. Is the cat a pet or is it lost? We do not have use for these anecdotes because we don’t have the background story to go with it. Now consider this example: “Mrs.Wright is a primary school teacher at Capstone Grammar in Brisbane. She teaches Mathematics to 20 students in her fifth grade class. The class is equally divided between boys and girls.” Now we have more anecdotal details about Mrs.Wright’s class. We know about the school name, location, class makeup, and subject taught. In other words we now have context to the anecdotes provided, ie. information. Hence, data with context is information. We can use this information further. In this case, though we have limited information we can compare the class size of fifth graders at Capstone Grammar with other schools in Brisbane or in Australia. In summary, data in and of itself is of not much use to anyone. But with the right context it turns into information and can be put to good use.

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This blog series explains from the Bible why the True Parents’ marriage Blessing is the only way to achieve God’s ideal of marriage and family. It all starts in Genesis. In Genesis 1, God blessed the man and woman to be fruitful, multiply and have dominion. We need to be clear about the meaning of “be fruitful” and “multiply.” Fruitful is a tree. Multiply is an orchard. “Obedience to commandments brings blessings.“ “Fruitful” is Adam and Eve reaching maturity, mind-body oneness with God. Psalm 1 tell us the blessed one “is like a tree planted by streams of water, which yields its fruit in season.” “Multiply” is Adam and Eve having children. Malachi 2 tells us that God established marriage for the sake of godly offspring. Multiplying godly offspring means creating a blessed lineage. God blessed Adam and Eve’s lineage just as He blessed Abraham and his seed, and the fruit of Mary’s womb. Adam and Eve’s multiplication was to have been God’s multiplication and, as Paul and John taught, God’s imperishable seed, God’s lineage, was to have multiplied forever in people who cannot sin. Now, all of this was God’s creative work, His 95% portion of responsibility, recorded in Genesis 1. Adam and Eve’s work as co-creators, their 5% portion of responsibility, is recorded in Genesis 2. Between Genesis 1’s “be fruitful” and “multiply” comes Genesis 2’s marriage: “The man leaves his father and mother and is united to his wife, and they become one flesh.” Preparation for marriage was Adam and Eve’s responsibility, so it comes in Genesis 2. Their preparation required obedience to the Genesis 2 commandment, “do not eat.” “Do not eat” means to be sexually abstinent until achieving oneness with God. This is the preparation to receive God’s Blessing of marriage. “God’s purpose of creation is predestined to succeed.“ Deuteronomy says that if we obey God’s commandments, the fruit of the womb will be blessed. This purpose of creation is predestined to succeed based on the fulfillment of human responsibility. The beginning of Genesis reveals that Adam and Eve, and their family, had three essential responsibilities. These three responsibilities define the ideal of creation, the providence for God to send the Messiah and his Bride, and the path for each of us to receive them in the Holy Marriage Blessing. We’ll explain these three responsibilities on Wednesday. (References: Gen 1:28; Mal 2:15; Psalms 1:1-3; Gal 3:16; Luke 1:42-45; 1 John 3:19, 1 Peter 1:23; Gen 2:24, 2:17; Deut 7:13, 28:1, 4; Exposition of Divine Principle Ch. 6, “Predestination.”)

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Child poverty has been worsening in this country for a decade, to the point where one in five of our children is ensnared by a web of injustice and simple bad luck that diminishes their present and casts a shadow over their future. The causes are so many and varied that no one has been able to develop a corrective strategy that is likely to be implemented, particularly in a time of austerity. We do not offer a comprehensive plan either – just one, simple, achievable action step that would make a tremendous difference: We should make sure that every child in America has enough diapers to stay clean, dry and healthy. Our research shows that it is common for low-income families to be unable to buy an adequate supply of diapers for their children. In a recent study published in the journal Pediatrics, we found that nearly 30 percent of low-income mothers could not afford to change their children as frequently as they wished. The want of something as simple as a package of diapers can keep parents out of the workforce and place babies at enormous risk. Most child-care providers require parents to supply disposable diapers for their children. A parent who cannot comply with this simple request cannot work or attend job training or other programs designed to help people improve their lot. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families often requires attendance at such programs, so parents risk loss of TANF benefits. Children miss opportunities for early childhood education, and thus the achievement gap widens. Our research found that mothers who cannot provide enough diapers are more likely to report difficulty with stress management, depression and coping with trauma. These mental health needs were even more pronounced in mothers who had trouble obtaining diapers than in mothers who reported food insecurity. Maternal stress and depression are strongly associated with developmental and health problems in children that can have lifelong effects. Babies who are left in wet and soiled diapers are likely to get rashes and infections. Furthermore, they cry a lot, a risk factor for shaken baby syndrome and other forms of child abuse. Though diapers are clearly a necessity, they are not generally categorized as a basic need, the way that food or housing are. As a result, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (food stamps) and the Women Infants and Children Program do not provide diapers. Community-based diaper banks have sprung up around the country to help families. But there are not enough of these organizations to meet the needs of the 6 million American children under the age of 3 who live in poverty. Diaper banks often get pushback that poor parents should turn to reusable cloth diapers. Some do, and a number of diaper banks provide a cloth option. But there are significant barriers, including start-up costs and access to washing facilities. We are far less concerned about what type of diapers families use than we are about assuring they have an adequate supply. On average, diapering a child costs about $18 per week. That is a significant expense for some parents, as it represents more than 6 percent of the gross pay of a minimum-wage worker. But as a social programs go, $18 a week to change a life is an incredible bargain. We take no position on whether that should be a public or private program, or some combination thereof. We simply think that discussions about basic needs should include all basic needs. On an individual level, when a baby is obviously in distress, people are quick to ask: Does she need a change? In America today, millions of babies and toddlers are less comfortable, less safe and less likely to prosper in the long-term because they are sitting in wet, soiled diapers. They need a change. Goldblum is the executive director of National Diaper Bank Network and Dr. Smith is professor at Yale University Child Study Center and School for Public Health.

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Suvarnabhumi Airport in Bangkok, Thailand is home to the world’s largest radiant cooling system. The developers used an Uponor system to cover an area of 150,000m² with underfloor panelling for the purpose of cooling the building. This project is one of the biggest success stories in the use of radiant cooling in green building design on a commercial scale. Having been completed in 2006, it is one of the flagship projects in Asia that has helped to spark its green building revolution. With the majority of major Asian cities falling into humid climate zones, there has been an increased need for sustainable design elements to consider the efficiency of their cooling operations. This is where radiant cooling solutions have come into the architectural and design fray, for their highly efficient method of cooling large buildings in humid climates. Let’s take a closer look at how the Bangkok International Airport stands out in this regard. To truly understand the extent of which Bangkok’s airport is a major showcase of green building design in the world, here are some statistics of the size of the project to put this into perspective: > Total area of radiant cooling panelling laid down: 150,000m² – that’s roughly the size of 20 football pitches > Total length of cooled flooring: 3.5km > 600km of PEX piping used > 7500 circuits used > 1510 specially designed diffusers The airport is still one of the major examples of commercial radiant cooling solutions implementation in the world – although they are seeing a substantial rise in their use as a sustainable design element in many large-scale buildings, particularly in Asia. The particular solution for this building was chosen from a very specific need to cool an indoor space with requisite indoor temperatures of 24°C and relative humidity of between 50-60%. This is clearly a demanding indoor environment for human occupancy. Thankfully, the panel cooling system in this project provides a maximum cooling load of 70-80w/m² and a comfortable floor temperature of 21°C. Further Design Elements Out of necessity to carefully control the humidity factor inside the conditioned space, the use of a hybrid system was employed in this particular project. In addition, there are other elements of the building that help to contribute to a cooler indoor space. For instance, a large roof overhang was designed as a way of diffusing the natural light entering the building, helping to prevent the direct radiation of the sun’s rays into the building. The roofing is also constructed out of a membrane that only permits diffused sunlight to pass through it. This membrane also acts as an internal mirror that then re-reflects the surface temperature of the already cooled floor back down into the conditioned space, coupling man-made cooling systems with a natural movement of air indoors. With airports in the Asian region becoming major transit hubs and subsequently seeing an exponential rise in foot traffic, it has become of vital importance for them to provide satisfactory levels of thermal comfort in the indoor environment. The Bangkok airport certainly serves as a standout example of this particular achievement and can serve as a blueprint for other buildings and projects of similar types in the region that wish to achieve the same.

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In the rhythm of academia, right as we began this semester, we also selected our courses for next year. I decided to revisit my course on monsters. Soon after, a friend gave me a book of original Grimm’s fairy tales–a gruesome treasure! I didn’t expect to stumble onto mindfulness while reading through it, but I seem to find it in unexpected places almost daily. A certain addition to the monsters course will be the story and history of what we now call “Little Red Riding Hood.” First told in the rural French countryside when the belief in werewolves was “a masculine counterpart to the witch hysteria” of the 15th through 17th centuries, it was written down and published in 1697 by Charles Perrault and then revised by the Grimm brothers just over a century later (Windling, 2004). Before my friend gave me this book, I most recently encountered the story in Ellen J. Langer’s The Power of Mindful Learning (1997). No, really! The book’s introduction begins with a brief version of the story. (Click the image to the left.) Langer revisits the familiar fairy tale to show us that the consequences of mindlessness are already well woven into our stories, our unconscious, our culture: “Certain myths and fairy tales help advance a culture by passing on a profound and complex wisdom to succeeding generations” (p. 1). The monsters course is one of my favorites, largely because it urges us to ask some important societal questions, including (according to my course description) “Why do we seek out the monstrous and horrifying? What do our monsters reveal about us? What’s the relationship between our monsters and our times? How (and why) do we pass on stories of things that terrify us?” Framed this way, mindlessness becomes deadly, and we’re devoured because we fail to recognize what’s in our immediate presence. The wolf is our mistaken priorities, our distractions, or our busyness. “What big rewards this 60-hour-a-week job gives me!” In the years before I began a mindful practice, I mistook many wolves for grandmothers. Now, I work on keeping my eyes clear enough to notice the fur. When I started to write this post, I was flanked by my cats, Grendel and Jack, pictured right. I was thinking about seeing what’s right in front of me with new and clear eyes. This brought me to contemplative photography, which would make a lovely practice this week. As you walk to your office, your classroom, your car, look beyond the objects you see and instead see color or texture. Andy Karr, author of The Practice of Contemplative Photography: Seeing the World with Fresh Eyes (2011a), describes it as a method for seeing and photographing the world in fresh ways, to reveal richness and beauty that is normally hidden from view. Instead of emphasizing subject matter or the technical aspects of photography, the contemplative approach teaches you to see clearly, and make images based on fresh perceptions. (Karr, 2011b) His instructions are simply “pretend that your eyes have fingertips” (2013, p. 341). So live your day as you live your days, but notice colors in a new way, and let your eyes feel the textures. Snap a photo or two, and see what you notice through the photographs. I’d love to see some examples! Karr, Andy. (2011b). The Practice of Contemplative Photography: Seeing the World with Fresh Eyes. Boston: Shambhala. —. (2013). Stop, look…& see. Mindfulness. 341-343. Langer, Ellen J. (1997). The Power of Mindful Learning. Cambridge, MA: Perseus. Windling, Terri. (2004). The path of needs or pins: Little red riding hood. Journal of Magical Arts.

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Several aspects influence the sustainability of a product or service and it’s not easy to define which development activities to focus on, to create the best possible impact on our planet. What is clear though, is that design based on human needs, is the best starting point for sustainable design. John Thackara, author and one of the most influential voices within sustainability, states that we are filling our world with stuff, but we forget to ask ourselves “What are these things for” “What value do they add to our lives” Sometimes we focus blindly on new technology, while we probably should look into which problems to solve first. A designer’s most important role is to define these needs and make the new offering relevant and intuitive to the user. #1 LESS IS FUTURE We live in a world where we are constantly occupied; stores, web-sites, homes are filled with options – people are over-whelmed! A crucial task is therefore to simplify. Simplifying a product or service may sound easy, but achieving it in a meaningful way, is complex. “Less-ness” can as well be to create products with better quality, which creates less hustle for consumers as well as for the environment! Let’s ask ourselves how we can simplify the right way through the entire value chain. How can we use less material, or rather how can we minimise the amount of material that needs to be wasted? Example: A team of MIT Media Lab researchers has developed inflated origami. A network of air channels in geometric patterns on sheets of paper, plastic, or textile. #2 FOCUS ON THE EXPERIENCE People do not think of a product, brand or communication separately – People buy an experience. Which means we must design for the holistic experiences. If we focus on the needs that should be solved, instead of how products look today, it results in a better user experience and increases the potential of more sustainable products. Perhaps parts of the need can be solved digitally with less footprint? When we focus on the holistic experience we have the opportunity to integrate more and eliminate useless fuzz that might just be there as a heritage from the past. Example: IKEA’s iconic bags are famous for being reused for the most fantastic purposes, in people’s everyday lives. Now re-designed by Hay and even more desired. #3 CIRCULAR CHOICES Material choice is often a big question in development activities. Again, there are no simple answers regarding sustainability and material choice. But there are some basic guidelines to follow. How can we minimize the amount of different materials? How can we increase the proportion of materials made from renewable sources? How can we think circularly, think along the whole value chain, consider recycling, change the view of waste? A circular economy aims to maintain products, components and materials to its highest benefit and value all the time. Last but not least, how can we help consumers to understand what material it is, which increases the chances that it’s handled and recycled correctly. Example: Lego’s botanical elements such as leaves, bushes and trees will be made from plant-based plastic sourced from sugarcane in the future and will appear in LEGO boxes already in 2018 #4 SHARING & CARING It’s getting more and more accepted for consumers to have access to things instead of owning them, especially for the younger generation. The big difference companies make when creating a product as part of the sharing economy, is that instead of asking “what should we create” the question is “how can we deliver on this need”. The sharing economy is about being in a broader context than just “my company”. My products should not only cater to my own needs, but they will contribute / be part of a much larger system. Example: Care by Volvo is a new alternative to owning or leasing a Volvo car. Volvo calls it the future of the car experience, where a simple monthly subscription is all you need and you can easily share the car through a digital key.

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By Anna Baumann In Kentucky, the income inequality that exists between our poorest and wealthiest residents is magnified by the structure of our tax system. And thanks to the new tax law enacted by the 2018 General Assembly, that problem is getting worse. Income inequality is soaring in an economy where the winners increasingly take all. The wealthiest 1 percent of Kentuckians make 94 times more a year on average than the bottom 20 percent. Despite that yawning gap, the state tax system is tilted in favor of those at the very top, as shown in a new report by the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy (ITEP). The wealthiest 1 percent of Kentuckians pay only 6.7 percent of their income in state and local taxes, the study shows, while the middle 20 percent pay 11.1 percent and the poorest 20 percent pay 9.5 percent. This upside-down tax system is especially harmful to particular groups. Wealth is not evenly distributed across the commonwealth, and poverty is concentrated in certain regions and communities. What’s more, our country’s longstanding system of racial barriers to education, jobs, housing and capital means Kentuckians of color are more likely to be poor and less likely to be rich than white Kentuckians. Our regressive taxes worsen existing divides between metro and rural areas and between whites and Kentuckians of color. The problem with our tax system boils down to the fact that Kentucky, like most other states, over-relies on sales, excise and property taxes – which ask more of low-income people, and which don’t tend to grow with our economy – while underutilizing the income tax, which is the best resource we have to generate reliable revenue based on ability to pay. A broad-based, graduated individual income tax that asks more of those who have more helps to offset the regressivity of other state taxes. At the same time, it provides more robust revenue for investments in good schools, a modern infrastructure and other public services that help build thriving communities. Corporate income tax laws that prevent tax avoidance and minimize expensive, inefficient tax breaks can also help generate revenue for the investments that benefit the whole economy and help to maintain a level playing field between businesses. Instead of a well-balanced system that is fair and produces sustainable revenue, Kentucky’s tax system favors the wealthy. For example, the low-income tax credit means people in poverty do not pay state income taxes. But because the state fails to provide refundable tax credits to offset sales, excise and property taxes that low-income people pay, and because the state has a flat rather than progressive income tax rate, the poorest 20 percent of Kentuckians, who make just $10,000 a year on average, end up chipping in more of their income in taxes than do millionaires. The 2018 General Assembly’s tax shift from progressive income taxes to regressive sales taxes made Kentucky’s tax system even more imbalanced. The new tax law was a cut for the richest 5 percent of Kentuckians — especially the top 1 percent, who received a cut of over $5,000 — and an increase for everyone else. Because of these changes, Kentucky now ranks 25th worst among states on ITEP’s inequality index, which measures the effect of state tax systems on income inequality. Without those changes, Kentucky would have ranked 34th. This shift could get even worse as some political leaders have indicated that they support an even greater shift away from the income tax in favor of the sales tax. Assertions that this shift is about economic development are completely untrue. According to a separate study from ITEP, over the last decade, the nine states with the highest top personal income tax rates outperformed the nine states lacking broad-based personal income taxes in terms of per-capita GDP growth and personal income growth. Economists from the University of Kentucky’s Center for Business and Economic Research have also found that “business climate” variables like level of individual and corporate income taxes are not strongly related to economic growth. The wealthiest Kentuckians benefit the most from our growing economy, and the magnitude of their gains has increased over time. Though our regressive tax system didn’t cause income inequality, it exacerbates it. By returning to a graduated income tax and cleaning up corporate tax breaks, we can push back against worsening income inequality and strengthen our investments in an economy that works for all Kentuckians. Anna Baumann is senior policy analyst at the Kentucky Center for Economic Policy.

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It will attempt to detect the physical signs of tremor, muscle stiffness, and slowness of movements that characterize Parkinson’s disease. There are no tests that can confirm the diagnosis. However, tests are sometimes made to confirm that you have no other type of illness. Even Parkinson’s disease cannot be cured. However, there are a number of medications that can greatly alleviate the symptoms. In moderate cases of Parkinson’s, it is possible that your doctor not prescribing any medication to avoid the side effects that may occur. Your doctor will want him examined regularly to observe your symptoms and determine when it would be beneficial to treat it with drugs. It is possible that the doctor prescribed medication to restore the chemical balance of the brain. The main goal of treatment is to get that their movements are as close to normal as possible with the least amount of medication. It is possible that all your symptoms may not be deleted. Your treatment may also include physiotherapy and speech therapy. In cases serious that they can not be controlled with medications, it is possible to be operated to prevent uncontrollable tremors. Medication is used several different medicines to treat Parkinson’s disease. Your doctor will try to use the lowest dose that will be effective to reduce the possibility of unwanted side effects. The main drug used to treat Parkinson’s is levodopa. The brain can manufacture dopamine with levodopa. Possible side effects of this drug can produce are: abnormal movements of the face, trunk, arms and legs; nausea and vomiting of confusion or short-term memory loss. It is possible that levodopa work better if you eat less protein. However, don’t start a low protein diet without first consulting with your doctor. One of the main risks for a low protein diet is the weight loss and malnutrition. If you suffer from narrow angle glaucoma, you should not take levodopa. Other medications that your doctor may prescribe are: similar to dopamine as bromocriptine drugs (bromocriptine) and pergolide; amantadine (amantadine), a drug used to treat influenza; anticholinergic medications, such as (Cogentin benztropine) benzotropina, trihexifenidil (trihexyphenidil, Artante) and Orphenadrine Norflex (orphenadrine); selegiline (selegiline), a drug that reduces the rate of decomposition of dopamine and it is possible that it may reduce the symptoms worsening as time goes on, especially in the early stages of the disease. The objective of drugs is trying to restore the balance. One form of treatment is Levodopa, which becomes the brain dopamine, which corrects the imbalance and symptoms are controlled. Another form of treatment is the administration of drugs that decrease the effects of acetylcholine. Agonist medications that increase the action of dopamine are bromocriptine or Parlodel. Blockers medications are those who block the destruction of dopamine, decrease the need for large amounts of dopamine and reduce secuendarios effects, i.e. They retard the process of illness as the selegiline. Lately has been used vitamins C and are weak antioxidants, avoid the production and accumulation of substances product of intracerebral catabolism of dopamine and substances radical calls free that they are partly responsible for the worsening of the disease and some secondary effects. For more information visit url=www.todoenmedicamentos.com/url all the information that we provide is general in nature; Remember that this information alone, cannot replace health care or human services you may need. We only provide information and reference service, please refer to the health professional that deals with any concern that may have about their own health.

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U.S. children and teens who consumed low-calorie or zero-calorie sweetened beverages took in about 200 extra calories on a given day compared to those who drank water, and they took in about the same number of calories as youth who consumed sugary beverages, according to a study published today. "These results challenge the utility of diet or low-calorie sweetened beverages when it comes to cutting calories and weight management," said Allison C. Sylvetsky, PhD, an assistant professor of exercise and nutrition sciences at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH) and lead author of the study. "Our findings suggest that water should be recommended as the best choice for kids and teens." A previous study by Sylvetsky and colleagues found that children and teens frequently consume low-calorie sweeteners, not only in diet sodas but also in a variety of reduced calorie juice and sports drinks, as well as food and snack items. The 2017 study found the consumption of low-calorie sweeteners jumped by 200 percent in children and teens from 1999 to 2012. Yet despite the rise in their popularity, researchers still do not know how these sweeteners affect total energy intake or if they are helpful for weight management as they are intended to be. To find out more, Sylvetsky and her colleagues looked at dietary recalls collected from 7,026 children and teens enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 until 2016. Kids and teens reported what they ate and drank during a 24-hour period. The research team zeroed in on the reported consumption of sweetened beverages - those with low-calorie sweeteners and those with sugar. Kids and teens who reported drinking low-calorie sweetened beverages, such as a diet soda, not only ingested extra calories compared to water consumers, but they also took in more calories from added sugars in foods and beverages compared to water consumers, the team found. Other key findings from the study included: - After adjusting for body weight, consumption of low-calorie sweetened beverages, sugary beverages and combined consumption of both was associated with 196, 312 and 450 higher total calorie intake compared to youth who consumed predominantly water. - Consumers of low-calorie sweetened drinks, sugary beverages and consumers of both took in 15, 39 and 46 more grams of added sugar, which translates to 60, 156 and 184 extra calories from added sugar--as compared to water consumers. - No differences in calorie intake were observed between consumers of low-calorie sweetened beverages and sugary beverages. - The highest calorie intakes were reported in children and teens that consumed both low-calorie sweetened beverages and sugary beverages. While the role of diet beverages in weight management remains controversial, experts have weighed in with some practical advice for parents and kids. For example, an American Heart Association science advisory group recently advised, "against prolonged consumption of low-calorie sweetened beverages by children." Sylvetsky agrees with that conclusion. She says that children and teens, like people of all ages, should follow the federal government's guidelines for a healthy diet, one that emphasizes water instead of soft drinks, plenty of fruits and veggies, and whole grains. For a healthy alternative to sugary sodas or diet drinks, Sylvetsky suggests flavored sparkling water with a splash of 100 percent fruit juice or water with a few pieces of fruit mixed in.

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Herbal teas have been for a very long time been consumed by different cultures because of their medical advantages, and ginseng tea has been the most common one. The ginseng tea is produced from the ginseng root, a perennial plant that resembles a man’s shape; it is a plant that is native to Asia as well as the South Korea region. Its recuperating properties have logically been demonstrated to originate from the abundance of natural chemicals in the root known as ginsenosides, which are strong adaptogens. The first trace of ginseng tea was in the slope of the Manchuria, that is roughly five thousand years ago. History specialists trust that it was likely initially utilized as staple nourishment. They likewise trust that it wasn't at that point that they learnt of its restorative focal points, it was a hundred years after it was found; and it then that individuals begun making ginseng tea. During the third century, ginseng tea was a very valuable commodity in the market, and it could even be traded for other valuable commodities like silk; some would say that it had more value than gold at that moment. Check Ginseng Tea to learn more. These days, a large portion of the ginseng tea devoured by nations around the globe originates from ginseng ranches. However, the one that is harvested from the wild is more expensive than the one that has been grown at the farm; people believe that the one grown in the wild is more natural. The leaves can likewise create tea, something like other green teas like oolong. However, most people don’t prefer the tea produced from its leaves as most of the nutrients that people are looking for are contained in the roots of the ginseng plant. The extraction or arrangement strategy of ginseng will decide its quality just as shade (red or white). If you get red ginseng, then it means that it has come from unpeeled roots that have been exposed to some steam that also gives it a darker color. Then again, if it is white, it implies that it was created from stripped roots that are then presented to the sun to dry. When the concentrate has sufficiently dried, it is then squashed to powder that is then blended with water. Never use bubbling water as it will murder the helpful substance properties in ginseng. You can include different herbs like oolong and a lot more to change the flavor. Also, you can add some other natural sugars like nectar to get an even better taste. Check Korean Red Ginseng for more info. A lot of people express that they experienced a sharp sensation on their first ginseng tea taste. Those individuals that have an acidic condition would, for the most part, discover it bitter. Visit https://www.wikihow.com/Make-American-Ginseng-Tea for other references. We just sent you an email. Please click the link in the email to confirm your subscription! OKSubscriptions powered by Strikingly

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Bullies are the dinosaurs from an era when survival was the norm. Like the sinister shark, rascally rooster, or celebrated cycad; remnants still exist from days gone by. One such leftover from our human evolutionary past is the instinctual and ego-based quest for power and control. Many species of animals do the dance of dominance, especially when food, shelter, or mating is at risk (matters of survival). This is the instinctual physical element underlying power struggles. Humans share this with nearly all species of animals and plants. However, other species generally limit such displays of dominance to situations within which their survival is at stake. Enter the ego. Unlike other taxonomic varieties, humans have an ego, with supporting thoughts, emotions, and complexities; which causes them to act as if they are continuously under threat. The ego is the cognitive (thought-based) component of the human power and control puzzle. Although the ego, with its inflated sense of pride in its superiority to others, was intended solely for the purpose of helping humans build confidence, energy, and endurance related to fighting for food, pushing themselves to find shelter, or protecting their sexual partners from competitors; it became attached to their identity rather than matters of survival; causing threats to their identities to feel like threats to their lives (relationship insecurity or poor job performance feels like a threat to life prompting us to fight, run away, or become paralyzed with fear). Negative emotions, such as fear, stress, and depression; were also created solely to help people survive. If a snarling tiger approaches you, you will feel fear and summon miraculous inner resources to drop everything, race back to your truck, climb in and slam the door, and haul ass to safety. Every time we experience negative emotions, our brain literally shifts into survival mode; limiting our range of thought, pool of possibilities, and courses of action to those related to survival. If we took the time to think things through when approached by a toothy tiger, we would be partially digested before we made up our mind (so the brain does not give us the time or luxury to do anything except focus on survival-related options). This is why we attack, withdraw, or mentally check out when we feel bad — because our brain kicks into survival mode and we are prompted to fight, run away, or freeze until we are once again safe. How often, when experiencing negative emotions, are we really faced with a struggle for survival? Both the ego and negative emotions are continuously creating the illusion that we are under threat. Unless we are truly in a life threatening situation, both the ego and our negative emotions are obsolete, unnecessary, and potentially destructive remnants of our struggles from the distant past. We need to understand them, let them go, and place them in a museum next to the wooden spears. During yesterday’s healing work, I heard tales of primitive bullying behavior perpetrated in relationships, extended families, friendships, and the workplace. In the relationships, it consisted of put-downs, melt-downs, take-downs, and break- downs by men wanting to dominate women in the service of their egos. In the families, it was derived from petty power plays. What sparked it within the friendships was jealousy and insecurity related to appearances. In the workplace, it was the classic “I’m the boss, I hold the power, so I will make you look stupid to make me look smarter” game. In order to grow, we must develop higher consciousness, greater sensitivity, and deeper truth. This requires safety, vulnerability, and peace. The human ego and negative emotions do not afford us such commodities. If you seek to grow, first eliminate these stone-age remnants from within you, and then remove them from your life. If you fail to do so, then you will be unable to grow; and are destined to repeat the same cycles of suffering. Please consider these seven healing prescriptions linked to the seven primary chakras, choose the one most applicable, and elevate your consciousness above your primitive instincts, ego, and emotion. They first appeared in my article “Seven Colors of Happiness” published in the Jan-Feb 2014 issue of “Alternative Medicine.”

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https://alternativeshrink.com/2014/08/02/where-bullies-belong/

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Nosebleeds are common. Most often they are a nuisance and not a true medical problem. But they can be both. - Sit upright and lean forward. By remaining upright, you reduce blood pressure in the veins of your nose. This discourages further bleeding. Sitting forward will help you avoid swallowing blood, which can irritate your stomach. - Pinch your nose. Use your thumb and index finger to pinch your nostrils shut. Breathe through your mouth. Continue to pinch for 10 to 15 minutes. Pinching sends pressure to the bleeding point on the nasal septum and often stops the flow of blood. If the bleeding continues after 10 to 15 minutes, repeat holding pressure for another 10 to 15 minutes. Avoid peeking at your nose. If the bleeding still continues, seek emergency care. - To prevent re-bleeding, don’t pick or blow your nose and don’t bend down for several hours after the bleeding episode. During this time remember to keep your head higher than the level of your heart. You can also gently apply some petroleum jelly to the inside of your nose using a cotton swab or your finger. - If re-bleeding occurs, blow out forcefully to clear your nose of blood clots. Then spray both sides of your nose with a decongestant nasal spray containing oxymetazoline (Afrin). Pinch your nose again as described above and call your doctor. When to seek emergency care - The bleeding lasts for more than 30 minutes - You feel faint or lightheaded - The nosebleed follows an accident, a fall or an injury to your head, including a punch in the face that may have broken your nose When to contact your doctor - You experience frequent nosebleeds. You may need a blood vessel cauterized. Cautery is a technique in which the blood vessel is burned with an electric current, silver nitrate or a laser. Your doctor may pack your nose with special gauze or an inflatable latex balloon to put pressure on the blood vessel and stop the bleeding. - You’re experiencing nasal bleeding and taking blood thinners, such as aspirin or warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven). Your doctor may advise adjusting your medication dosage. Using supplemental oxygen administered with a nasal tube (cannula) may increase your risk of nosebleeds. Apply a water-based lubricant to your nostrils and increase the humidity in your home to help relieve nasal bleeding.

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https://blueoceansafety.com/nosebleeds-first-aid/

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Thomas Young's epitaph in Westminster Abbey states that he was "...a man alike eminent in almost every department of human learning." Young was an English physician and a physicist who was responsible for many important theories and discoveries in optics and in human anatomy. In 1799 Young initiated his medical practice in London. His primary interest was in studying sensory perception and, while still in medical school, discovered how the lens of the human eye changes shape to focus on objects at different distances. While pursuing his interests in the function of the human eye, Young discovered the cause of astigmatism in 1801, which was about the time that he began his study of light. In 1801, Young began a series of experiments that addressed a phenomenon known as interference. He observed that when light from a single source is separated into two beams, and the two beams are recombined, the combined beams produce a pattern of light and dark fringes. Young concluded that these fringes were the result of the beams of light behaving as waves with their peaks and troughs either reinforcing one another or canceling each other. When this occurred, alternating lines of light and dark resulted. Young applied his new wave theory of light to explain the colors of thin films such as soap bubbles, and by relating color to wavelength, he calculated the approximate wavelengths of the seven colors recognized by Newton. His proposal of this wave theory of light was not accepted by most English scientists of the period because it opposed Newton's theory of light. It was not until Young worked with French physicists Augustin Fresnel and Francois Arago that his wave theory began to be accepted in Europe. Young was also responsible for postulating how the receptors in the eye perceive colors. He is credited, along with Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz, for developing the Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory. This theory postulated that there were three distinct types of cones in the retina and that each one of the types was sensitive to a particular color, either red, green, or blue. They also speculated that when a color stimulus was captured by the eye it was the cone receptor structures that received and transmitted that information to the brain. As indicated by his epitaph, Young's interests and mastery of scientific and medical skills was quite varied. He was fluent in several languages and studied Egyptology. He also began studying the texts of the Rosetta Stone in 1814. After obtaining additional hieroglyphic writings from other sources, he succeeded in providing a relatively accurate translation and contributed to the deciphering of the ancient Egyptian language. Young also did experiments concerned with measuring the size of molecules, surface tension in liquids, and quantities of elasticity. He was also the first scientist to give the word "energy" its scientific connotation, and Young's modulus, a constant in the mathematical equation describing elasticity was named in his honor. BACK TO PIONEERS IN OPTICS Questions or comments? Send us an email. © 1995-2019 by Michael W. Davidson and The Florida State University. All Rights Reserved. No images, graphics, software, scripts, or applets may be reproduced or used in any manner without permission from the copyright holders. Use of this website means you agree to all of the Legal Terms and Conditions set forth by the owners. This website is maintained by our Graphics & Web Programming Team in collaboration with Optical Microscopy at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. Last Modification Friday, Nov 13, 2015 at 01:19 PM Access Count Since December 24, 1999: 132499 Visit the websites of our partners in education:

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https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/timeline/people/young.html

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On August 6, 2012 an article was published by the National Academy of Sciences discussing a new report from the National Research Council regarding the approach for identifying and destroying buried chemical warfare materials (CWM). The current processes are not entirely reliable and currently the capability to efficiently tackle large-scale projects does not exist. The report examines important regulatory issues that ultimately affect the need, timing, and costs of remediating these sites. Federal and state environmental remediation policies address whether buried CWM must be excavated and destroyed or contained in place. The report encourages the Office of the Secretary of Defense and the Army to both create a new single office to manage and the fund the recovered chemical warfare materials (RCWM) project. The new position and leader must be developed and held accountable that the materials are safely and quickly identified and destroyed. Currently, authority and funding for RCWM activities depend on how and where the materiel is discovered, and could fall under multiple offices of either the secretary of defense or the Army Secretariat. The Army mission for RCWM remediation is turning into a much larger program that will rival those for conventional munition and hazardous substance cleanup, the report says, and is expected to cost billions of dollars over several years. A clear organizational structure and long-term funding are needed. The report discusses how the past methods of removing chemical warfare materials were handled. They mostly consisted of open-pit burning and burial. New remediation of the buried materials and environmental cleanup of the sites is necessary. This poses challenges to the nation and to the Department of Defense (DOD). Currently the Army uses its Explosive Destruction System (EDS) and there are also three other commercially available technologies to destroy chemical warfare used. The EDS engages reliable technology and an active research and development program that is working to improve throughput rate which is the speed at which chemicals can be identified. The problems that the DOD faces with implementing new practices to ensure the safe removal and cleaning up of chemical warfare sites and materials is that there is a lack of accurate inventory of buried materials and a reliable cost estimate for the RCWM making it very difficult to predict budget requirements and to get a funding plan in place. The report, as the National Academy of Sciences detailed, uses Redstone Arsenal facility in Alabama as an example and also notes that this is a “matter of urgency” that needs to be addressed immediately. Redstone Arsenal facility in Alabama — the site with the largest quantity of buried CWM in the U.S., and which has groundwater contamination — is presented as a case study to show how issues raised in the report can be practically applied. This is a crucial report discussing a task that must be undertaken in the very near future with utmost priority so that a clear inventory of buried chemical warfare is known and identified and then destroyed without harming the environment or any people.

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https://greenbuildingelements.com/2012/08/13/chemical-warfare/

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Is regular consumption of soft drinks associated with a greater risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality? In this population-based cohort study of 451 743 individuals from 10 countries in Europe, greater consumption of total, sugar-sweetened, and artificially sweetened soft drinks was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality. Consumption of artificially sweetened soft drinks was positively associated with deaths from circulatory diseases, and sugar-sweetened soft drinks were associated with deaths from digestive diseases. Results of this study appear to support ongoing public health measures to reduce the consumption of soft drinks. Soft drinks are frequently consumed, but whether this consumption is associated with mortality risk is unknown and has been understudied in European populations to date. To examine the association between total, sugar-sweetened, and artificially sweetened soft drink consumption and subsequent total and cause-specific mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based cohort study involved participants (n = 451 743 of the full cohort) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), an ongoing, large multinational cohort of people from 10 European countries (Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom), with participants recruited between January 1, 1992, and December 31, 2000. Excluded participants were those who reported cancer, heart disease, stroke, or diabetes at baseline; those with implausible dietary intake data; and those with missing soft drink consumption or follow-up information. Data analyses were performed from February 1, 2018, to October 1, 2018. Consumption of total, sugar-sweetened, and artificially sweetened soft drinks. Main Outcomes and Measures Total mortality and cause-specific mortality. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for other mortality risk factors. In total, 521 330 individuals were enrolled. Of this total, 451 743 (86.7%) were included in the study, with a mean (SD) age of 50.8 (9.8) years and with 321 081 women (71.1%). During a mean (range) follow-up of 16.4 (11.1 in Greece to 19.2 in France) years, 41 693 deaths occurred. Higher all-cause mortality was found among participants who consumed 2 or more glasses per day (vs consumers of <1 glass per month) of total soft drinks (hazard ratio [HR], 1.17; 95% CI, 1.11-1.22; P < .001), sugar-sweetened soft drinks (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.16; P = .004), and artificially sweetened soft drinks (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.16-1.35; P < .001). Positive associations were also observed between artificially sweetened soft drinks and deaths from circulatory diseases (≥2 glasses per day vs <1 glass per month; HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.30-1.78; P < .001) and between sugar-sweetened soft drinks and deaths from digestive diseases (≥1 glass per day vs <1 glass per month; HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.24-2.05; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance This study found that consumption of total, sugar-sweetened, and artificially sweetened soft drinks was positively associated with all-cause deaths in this large European cohort; the results are supportive of public health campaigns aimed at limiting the consumption of soft drinks. Identify all potential conflicts of interest that might be relevant to your comment. Conflicts of interest comprise financial interests, activities, and relationships within the past 3 years including but not limited to employment, affiliation, grants or funding, consultancies, honoraria or payment, speaker's bureaus, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, royalties, donation of medical equipment, or patents planned, pending, or issued. Err on the side of full disclosure. If you have no conflicts of interest, check "No potential conflicts of interest" in the box below. The information will be posted with your response. Not all submitted comments are published. Please see our commenting policy for details. Mullee A, Romaguera D, Pearson-Stuttard J, et al. Association Between Soft Drink Consumption and Mortality in 10 European Countries. JAMA Intern Med. 2019;179(11):1479–1490. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2478 Coronavirus Resource Center Customize your JAMA Network experience by selecting one or more topics from the list below. Create a personal account or sign in to:

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https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2749350?guestAccessKey=a7db3f31-32ac-4049-94e3-1e94a9521814&utm_content=weekly_highlights&utm_term=090719&utm_source=silverchair&utm_campaign=jama_network&cmp=1&utm_medium=email

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Time For Action in Setting Goals For Area(s) of Improvement I blogged a couple of weeks ago about a new approach that I am taking with my grade 5 fitness unit this year. To sum up, I am giving my students freedom of choice in regards to how they would like to improve upon their current level of fitness. We have looked at 3 key areas of fitness; Cardiovascular Endurance, Muscular Endurance, and Flexibility. The students took part in a number of different fitness tests the first couple of classes of this unit and recorded their results. They will finish off the unit with some fitness testing as well so that they can compare how they have improved. There is an undeniable reality that adults own the choices that they make regarding their level of fitness. I discussed this fact with my students and told them that they too own the decisions that they make about how fit that they want to be. Now that my students have gotten through the initial phase of our fitness unit, they are responsible for choosing which area(s) of fitness that they want to improve upon as a next step. I have created fitness journals for them to use in order to help guide them through the rest of the unit. I will be with them every step of the way offering them whatever help and guidance that they need in setting goals and creating an action plan. I had the students do an initial self-assessment at the very start of the unit to get them thinking about how fit that they thought they were. We had not discussed or broken down any areas of fitness at that point. Now that they have a working knowledge of the 3 different areas of fitness and have completed various fitness tests, they will do a more specific self-assessment of how fit they think that they currently are based on their new knowledge of the 3 different areas of fitness. This will be done in tomorrow's class. We have discussed the need to record data in regards to how they progress with their training program and their classroom teachers have agreed to use this data back in the math class which is great integration. If there is ever a unit that students must record information, this one is it. I have tried to create the journals in a way that is straightforward and easy for them to use. Key Considerations When Designing and Creating This Assessment Journal For those of you who have seen my work, you know that I am big on creating visuals. What I like to do is embed jpegs of those visuals on in the assessments that I use as it works to spark my students' memories and helps to get them connected with prior learning in a unit. As well, I scan actual assessments used in the past and use these jpegs as well. It has worked so well to get them really tuned into their learning. We will have a brainstorming session in tomorrow's class to get them thinking of all the possibilities that exist for improving upon their level of fitness. Hopefully this will get their brains firing with ideas to put into practice. I will blog on this brainstorming session later in the week. In the meantime, I have posted all of the pages from the fitness journal that they will use. Check them out and let me know your thoughts. Thanks for reading! KAUST Faculty, Pedagogical Coach. Presenter & Workshop Leader.IB Educator. #RunYourLife podcast host.

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Article From: The Balance of Small Business By: JUAN RODRIGUEZ Developers and demolition experts look at several factors when deciding how to demolish a building. Among other concerns, they consider the area where the building is located, the primary building materials, the purpose of the demolition, and how to dispose of the debris. Demolition methods can range from one devastating blast to careful, piece-by-piece dismantling, but in a crowded urban setting, any technique must be safe for the demolition crew and the surrounding buildings and public areas. Implosion is by far the most dramatic way to demolish a building. It involves using explosives to knock out a building’s primary vertical supports, causing the building to collapse onto itself from the inside out. The placement of the explosive charges and the sequence of detonation are critical to a successful and safe demolition. Implosion is often used to demolish large structures in urban areas. For a successful demolition, blaster crews analyze a complete set of structural blueprints to identify the main components of the building and determine whether other areas need to be blasted in addition to those identified on the blueprints. They then determine the type of explosives to use, where to position them in the building, and how to time their detonation. High Reach Arm Demolition with a high reach arm is an alternative to implosion and is typically used on buildings reaching a height of more than about 66 feet. This method involves a base machine, such as an excavator, fitted with a long demolition arm consisting of three sections or a telescopic boom. A demolition tool, such as a crusher, shears, or a hammer, is attached to the end of the arm and is used to break up the building from the top down. The machine removes large pieces of the structure, and a special grounds crew breaks down the pieces and sorts them for disposal. High reach arm demolition is used on reinforced concrete, masonry, steel, and mixed-material structures and is considered to be safer than traditional wrecking ball demolition for removing tall buildings. Wrecking ball demolition, or crane and ball demolition, is one of the oldest and most common methods of building demolition and is typically used for concrete and other masonry structures. The wrecking ball—weighing up to 13,500 pounds—is suspended on a cable from a crane or other heavy equipment. The ball is either dropped onto or swung into the structure, simply crushing the building with repeated blows. Highly skilled and experienced crane operators must perform wrecking ball demolition. Smoothness in controlling the swing of the ball is critical, since missing the target may tip or overload the crane. The size of the building that can be demolished with this method is limited by the crane’s size and the working room, including proximity to power lines. Wrecking ball demolition creates a great deal of dust, vibration, and noise. Also known as strip-out, selective demolition is gaining popularity because it allows builders to reuse or recycle the building’s materials. Selective interior and exterior demolition of wood, brick, metals, and concrete allow for recycling and future use in new structures, blending the old with the new. The main goal of this method is to recover the maximum amount of primary (reusable) and secondary (recyclable) material in a safe and cost-effective procedure. However, the process is labor-intensive and can be very difficult to achieve in a timely and economical manner for light-framed buildings.

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Today, across the country, people are marking the life of Ada Lovelace, the English mathematician, writer, and visionary who, despite passing away in 1852, has continued to inspire millions of women into STEM. We take a look at some of the inspiring women in STEM throughout history and our own talented female workforce. As the first computer programmer in the mid-1800s, Ada has been referred to as the ‘prophet of the computer age’ for her foresight into how computers would one day have uses beyond mathematics. As a company which values innovation and technology so greatly, and one which is fighting to address the imminent skills shortage caused by a lack of people choosing STEM-related subjects and careers, Keltbray is proud to celebrate the achievements of this woman and the many other inspiring women in STEM throughout history. For example, Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, the first woman to qualify in Britain as a physician and surgeon. Alongside her are the likes of Nora Stanton Barney, English-born U.S. civil engineer, architect, and suffragist. Barney was among the first women to graduate with an engineering degree in the United States. To mark this special day, we’re taking a look at Keltbray’s own inspirational and diverse female workforce and sharing some of their stories. Holly Price leads the Training, Development and Social Value functions at Keltbray and has worked for the business for 14 years. Holly started in the industry as an administrator at a Demolition Company. When starting out in her career, Holly faced a lot of resistance as she was the only woman in a male dominated world, but she was determined to succeed. Holly worked as an Explosives Engineer for nine years and absolutely loved it. When Holly joined Keltbray she set up the training function from scratch, which has gone from strength to strength. She now sits on the board of the CITB and was also appointed the first woman President of the National Federation of Demolition Contractors earlier this year. Apprentice Natsenet Kebrom, known to us as Naz, is an apprentice working on demolition strip outs. On her career choice Natsenet says, “I feel it fits my personality well. I have always been practical and I enjoy being on site so it seemed a good fit. I came into the industry through the Women into Construction programme which made it very easy.” Naz is currently doing the Level 2 Demolition Apprenticeship and is thoroughly enjoying it. Nina Finlay is a Principal Civil Engineer working in our Wentworth House Rail Systems business, carrying out and providing structural analysis, design and allocation for OLE structures and foundations. Nina has been a Civil Designer/Structural Engineer since she was 17, working in both on-shore and off-shore roles. Nina has found it challenging but gets a great sense of achievement at the end of a project and loves working at Keltbray. Olateju Kuye is a Graduate Design Engineer. Olateju designs temporary works that enable the construction of permanent works. Olateju chose the job as her dad was also an engineer and her role model as a child, so she always wanted a career like his. She chose temporary works in particular because of the dynamic nature of the job. On her role, Olateju says, “Every week comes with a new challenge and this keeps me very interested.” These are just some examples of the incredibly talented women we have working for us at Keltbray, from apprentices to graduates and beyond. Construction remains a very male-dominated industry and there is still a long way to go, but we have seen a significant increase in both women apprentices and graduates joining Keltbray over the last year and as a company we have an extremely diverse workforce. Long may this continue.

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Super-Massive Black Holes (SMBH) are hard to explain. These gargantuan singularities are thought to be at the center of every large galaxy (our Milky Way has one) but their presence there sometimes defies easy explanation. As far as we know, black holes form when giant stars collapse. But that explanation doesn't fit all the evidence. The stellar-collapse hypothesis does a good job of explaining most black holes. In that hypothesis, a star at least five times more massive than our Sun begins to run out of fuel near the end of its life. Since the outward pressure of a star's nuclear fusion is what supports it against the inward gravity from its own mass, something has to give when the fuel runs out. The star undergoes a hypernova explosion, then collapses in on itself. What's left is a black hole. Astrophysicists think that SMBHs start out this way, and grow into their enormous sizes by essentially 'feeding' on other matter. They swell in size, and sit in the center of their gravity kind of like a spider fattening up in the middle of its web. The problem with that explanation is that it takes a long time to happen. IMAGE: This artist's impression shows the surroundings of a supermassive black hole, typical of that found at the heart of many galaxies. The black hole itself is surrounded by a brilliant accretion disc of very hot, infalling material and, further out, a dusty torus. There are also often high-speed jets of material ejected at the black hole's poles that can extend huge distances into space. Out there in the Universe, scientists have observed SMBHs that are ancient. In March of this year a group of astronomers announced the discovery of 83 SMBHs that are so ancient they defied our understanding. In 2017 astronomers discovered an 800 million solar mass black hole that was fully formed only 690 million years after the Big Bang. They came into existence in the earlier days of the Universe, before there was time to grow into their super-massive forms. Many of these SMBHs are billions of times more massive than the Sun. They're at such high red-shifts, that they must have been formed in the first 800 millions years after the Big Bang. But that's not enough time for the stellar-collapse model to explain them. The question facing astrophysicists is, how did those black holes get so big in so little time? A pair of researchers at Western University in Ontario, Canada, think they've figured it out. They have a new hypothesis called 'direct collapse' that explains these incredibly ancient SMBHs. Their paper is titled "The Mass Function of Supermassive Black Holes in the Direct-collapse Scenario" and is published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. The authors are Shantanu Basu and Arpan Das. Basu is a recognized expert in the early stages of star formation and protoplanetary disk evolution. He's also an astronomy professor at Western University. Das is also from Western's Department of Physics and Astronomy. Their direct collapse hypothesis says that the ancient super-massive black holes formed extremely quickly in very short time periods. Then suddenly, they stopped growing. They developed a new mathematical model to explain these rapidly-forming, ancient black holes. They say the the Eddington Limit, which is a balance between a star's outward radiative force and the inward gravitational force, plays a role. In these direct-collapse black holes, the Eddington Limit regulates the mass growth, and the researchers say that these ancient black holes can even exceed that limit by a small amount, in what they call super-Eddington accretion. Then, due to radiation produced by other stars and black holes, their production halted. "Supermassive black holes only had a short time period where they were able to grow fast and then at some point, because of all the radiation in the universe created by other black holes and stars, their production came to a halt," explains Basu in a press release. "That's the direct-collapse scenario." "This is indirect observational evidence that black holes originate from direct-collapses and not from stellar remnants," said Basu. This new hypothesis provides an effective explanation for what has been a thorny issue in astronomy for some time. Basu believes that these new results can be used with future observations to infer the formation history of the extremely massive black holes that exist at very early times in our universe.

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Methane is a gas that remains in the atmosphere for up to 15 years. This greenhouse gas is produced by many natural and human-influenced sources. Landfills, coal mines and wastewater treatment, natural gas and petroleum facilities are only a few of the sources that emit this gas. It is more than 20 times more effective than carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere. It is, however, an important energy source. Many companies in the United States are trying to reduce emissions of methane through management methods and technologies. Methane is nontoxic on its own but can become lethal when it combines with another gas. Methane causes asphyxiation by displacing oxygen. It may produce symptoms of dizziness and headache, but these often go unnoticed until the brain signals the body to gasp for air. This happens too late, and the individual collapses. Because of the lack of oxygen, the result is usually death. Methane is extremely flammable and will easily cause explosions. It can leak unnoticed into structures and spaces, and a tiny spark can ignite the undetected gas. Explosions from methane gas are extremely strong, and the damage is devastating. The explosions associated with methane gas are not limited to the space that has the highest concentration, but anywhere it has seeped. It may be in one room, or it can travel through an entire city block. Relation to Carbon Monoxide Natural gas is 97 percent methane, and problems arise when there is an insufficient air supply available for ventilation. Carbon monoxide, a by-product of methane gas, is a clear, odorless, colorless, tasteless, non-irritating gas. It is, however, very deadly. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning include headache, dizziness, nausea, confusion, seizures, unconsciousness, rapid heartbeat and high blood pressure. Carbon monoxide attacks the central nervous system and may cause hallucinations and heightened emotions, sometimes causing the victim to have "supernatural experiences." Many times, the milder symptoms are mistaken for other things, such as flu, depression, chronic fatigue syndrome and migraines. Many people suffer permanent heart damage after exposure to carbon monoxide, and as many as 500 people a year lose their lives to the gas. Like smoke detectors and carbon monoxide detectors, methane detectors are available to alert you when dangerous gases are present. The audible alarm is a safeguard against poisoning from the deadly gas and from explosions that can result from methane leaks. Methane levels can vary from one area to another. It occurs naturally through sources such as wetlands, termites, freshwater bodies, oceans, permafrost and wildfires. The majority of natural methane emissions come from wetlands, with termites being the second-largest natural source.

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The Building is a 102-story building located in Manhattan NYC on Fifth Avenue between West 33 rd and 34th streets. The excavation of the building was started in January 1930 and construction began in March the same year. Then it was completed in fifteen months other than the anticipated 18 months. As a result of that, the building expenditure reduced. The cost was $24.7 million other than the estimated $43 million. Willian F lamp designed the empire state building from the Shreve architectural firm. He designed the building from top to bottom and produced the designs in exactly two weeks. Afterward, the building was opened by the President of United States of America, Herbert Hoover by switching on the building lights through pressing a button in Washington DC. The Empire state building in NYC was built partly as a result of competition for the title ‘tallest building in NYC’. The other buildings that were contesting for the title were the Chrysler building and 40 Wall Street. They were already under construction when the Empire state building was designed. However, immediately after construction was completed, the Empire state building took over the title. The Empire state building has been the tallest building in NYC and also the United States of America since 1931 to 1972 when the construction of the first tower of world trade center was built. Currently, the Empire state building is the fifth tallest building in the United States of America and 34th tallest in the world. Its current roof height is 381 meters and a total height of 443.1 meters when its antenna is placed. There are rods fixed on top of the building to prevent it from being hit by lightning. Another important feature of the Empire state building in NYC is its bright lights. These lights change color on the ongoing occasion. Could be a public holiday or in remembrance of a deceased person. The concept was first introduced in 1964, but it was not efficient since it took the crew approximately 6 hours to ensure the light colors change. In 2011, there was an improvement in technology in the changing of the light colors. As a result, the colors could change within a fraction of a second to mark special occasions in NYC. Empire state building in NYC also stands as an important cultural icon. This is because it has been designed well and possesses a stunning art deco style. Due to this art deco and other magnificent structures the America Society of Civil Engineers has placed it among the wonders of the world. The Empire state building in NYC was designed to be a historic site. Consequently, it attracts many tourists from different parts of the world. The Empire state building has also been designed in such a way that any technological changes that take place can be implemented efficiently. This ability ensures that the future intended roles of the building are not limited. The Empire state building is a very significant building to NYC residents.

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Islamic educational institutions are still facing severe challenges. Among the challenges are globalization. Its effects appear in capital, cultural, ethical and moral challenges. The globalization era is the era of free markets and free competition, both in products and services. Previously, to build a strong economic base, communities relied heavily on financial capital, the next evolution emphasizes human capital, namely human resources who master science and technology, those who can perform professional tasks, as well as having independent personality and well behaved. In further development, both money and human capital are now considered to be still inadequate. Precisely the people who want to build a strong base of economy desperately need a firm social-capital, the core of social capital is trust (an attitude of trust) or a community of mutual trust and trustworthy. According to the observations of some experts, that in the field of social capital, Indonesia has nearly reached the point of zero trust society, or a society that is hard to be trusted. As one of the indicators, according to the survey results, until now the index of corruption in Indonesia reached among the first ranks of countries in Asia. As a result, we are unable to compete with outsiders. Some bases of economy are dominated by foreigners, because they are more reliable than our society itself, while we have to serve them. In the context of education, the emergence of diploma forgery, cheating tradition among students, plagiarism essay, thesis and dissertations, and so on, are also a few other indicators of poor attitude of trust. Such a phenomenon is a challenge that needs to be answered by Islamic educational institutions, in the sense of what their contribution can give in building a society that has an attitude of trust. What can be done to the students as the next generation for the realization of civil society, which can stand on its own and in collaboration with others to create a community that is prosperous and full of attitude of trust. In addition, we are also facing globalization in the field of culture, ethics and morals, as a result of technological advances, especially in the field of information. Through the sophisticated mass media, the lead role of teachers / lecturers in general and teachers/lecturers of Islamic religious education have begun to shift, especially in coaching the morality of the learners. The students now have to recognize various sources of learning messages, some are pedagogical and can be easily controlled, while many others are difficult to control. On the other hand, some religious teachings are not able to be instructed as peaceful substances. Furthermore, they are manipulated to be means of violence and radicalism. In the Indonesian context, the citizens are also confronted with external challenges, namely the rapid change of the strategic environment outside the country. ASEAN free trade (AFTA) took effect since 2003 ago. In the few years later, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) will apply from 2010 for developed countries and 2020 for all its members, including Indonesia. Therefore, the Indonesians are in a position of no escape from these external pressures. If today we face a labour competition that is so tight, then the competition will be even tighter in the future, especially concerning with the scramble of foreign workers who participate and enter the job markets in our country. In facing these challenges, change and innovation are the “key words” that need to be used as a starting point in developing the national education in general. The development can’t be carried out solely by national or local governments, but it requires input and joint movement between all institutions, both educational institutions (elementary, middle, and high), economic institutions, political, social, cultural, religion and society in general, to support the realization of these ideals. Islamic Education: New Challenges and Strategies of Innovations - Islamic Education in Indonesia; Past, Present, and Future - Islamic Education and National Policy - Islamic Education and Theology of Tolerance - Islamic Education and the Process of Institutionalization The general objective of the seminar is to identify the challenges of Islamic education as well as to search concepts of innovation. The specific objectives of the seminar are: - To understand the crucial challenges of Islamic education - To describe and analyze concepts and practices of education in Muslim countries as well as their challenges and innovations. - To describe the best practices of implementing educational innovations to reduce negative effects of globalization. - To identify ideal models of educational system in Muslim countries. - To recommend the importance of cooperation and sharing experiences among Muslim countries in the implementation of educational innovations. DATE AND VENUE The seminar will be held on November 9-10, 2017 Auditorium of Graduate School, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jakarta, Indonesia.

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The Rowhammer attacks developed by Google more than two years ago put the focus on hardware front and center. That research allowed attackers to flip dynamic random access memory (DRAM) bits in order to induce those memory cells to change their state. Google’s research enabled kernel-level privilege escalation, one of the most sought-after outcomes to an attack for hackers. At this week’s Woot ’17 USENIX conference in Vancouver, researchers from IBM advanced that work, demonstrating a filesystem-level version of the attack against MLC NAND flash memory. “We demonstrate the filesystem layer of this attack, showing that a random block corruption of a carefully chosen block is sufficient to achieve privilege escalation,” wrote researchers Anil Kurmus, Nikolas Ioannou, Matthias Neugschwandtner, Nikolaos Papandreou and Thomas Parnell in a paper, “From random block corruption to privilege escalation: A filesystem attack vector for Rowhammer-like attacks.” “In particular, to motivate the assumptions of this filesystem-level attack, we show the attack primitive that an attacker can obtain by making use of cell-to-cell interference is quite weak, and therefore requires a carefully crafted attack at the OS layer for successful exploitation,” the researchers wrote. The Rowhammer attacks zero in on weaknesses in deep layers of memory management, and in this case against flash memory, bring a lower barrier to entry. “We use our knowledge of existing reliability mechanisms in SSDs (including ECC), to show that the attack primitive an attacker can obtain from MLC NAND flash weaknesses is a coarse granularity corruption: unlike in rowhammer, where the attacker can flip a single bit, in the case of this attack the attacker can only corrupt one block of data,” the researchers wrote. “We then show that this weaker attack primitive (when compared to flipping individual bits, which provides a higher level of control to the attacker) is nevertheless sufficient to mount a local privilege escalation attack.” The flash version of the Rowhammer attack is a local attack, and can be carried out via side-channels, for example. The major weakness in flash being exploited is cell-to-cell interference, which affects the reliability of NAND devices. The interference results from programming voltages interfere with adjacent cells in a memory array, the researchers wrote. The paper explains how an attacker could program an adjacent page with certain data patterns that maximize such interference. “Due to the nature of the CCI there are only a few cell state transitions that are possible. Specifically, CCI can cause a cell state to transition only to a larger threshold voltage,” the researchers wrote. “Using CCI, an attacker can program an aggressor page with a maximum interference pattern to cause uncontrolled random modification to all or different fields of cells of the adjacent victim page in a probabilistic manner.” The researchers identified a challenging road to gain a full-system compromise through a flash vulnerability starting with CCI, then protections in the Flash controller and SSD controller, before targeting and bypassing protections at the OS level before executing a privilege escalation payload against userland. “Because browsers do allow writes and reads to the filesystem (albeit indirectly), through web content local caching, cookies, or use of the HTML5 storage API, it may be feasible to extend the attack vector presented here to remote attacks,” the researchers said. While most of this research has been confined to laptops and PCs, academics from VUSec Lab at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam last October said Rowhammer attacks were possible on mobile ARM-based hardware. The end results of those attacks were root access to Android devices.

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India is preparing for its sixteenth General Elections in 2014. Like the last fifteen general elections in its history, this round will again be the largest exercise in democracy anywhere in the world. As the bureaucracy prepares itself for election logistics, India’s two major political parties are preparing themselves for their next big showdown. BJP has just completed the process of choosing its leader for the election, and it has nominated Gujarat Chief Minister Narendra Modi as its candidate for Prime Minsiter. As both parties begin to formulate and test their arguments with voters, one area that has emerged as an important issue is economic development. BJP and Congress both make several claims about the economic development record of both parties. As can be expected of rival parties in a democracy, each party’s claims not only contradict the other’s, but are sometimes at odds with its own prior claims. In this situation, it is hard to assess the claims of either party. The best way to evaluate the relative performance of both parties is to go to the raw data from various public sources and analyze them. Over the next several posts, I shall present a comparative analysis of the economic development performance of BJP and Congress. The timeline for this investigation begins in 1991, when India began its liberalization program. I will present this analysis at two levels: - National level, comparing the performance of the six-year NDA government with that of the now nine-year UPA government, and comparing the performance of India to that of a group of peer nations; and - State level, comparing the performance of Gujarat to its peers and the performance of Gujarat under Narendra Modi to its performance under his predecessors. Economic development is a broad, abstract concept, and there are dozens of possible ways of measuring it. The questions that are most critical to answer when comparing the performance of two governments are: How fast did the economy grow under them? How did that growth translate into overall quality of life? How equitable was that growth? These three questions are answered by focusing on three major indicators: - Changes in income, expressed in terms of real (i.e. inflation-adjusted) GDP growth and growth of real GDP per capita, - Changes in Human Development Index (HDI), and - Changes in economic inequality Over the next few posts, I will show the relative performance on these three metrics of Gujarat and India compared to their peers under BJP and Congress governments since 1991. Stay tuned! This series has now been posted. The findings are summarized here: Congress has stronger economic development record than Narendra Modi’s BJP. You can read the detailed posts with supporting evidence here: - Gujarat achieved good — not exceptional — GDP growth under Narendra Modi - Gujarat human development improvement under Narendra Modi is below average - Economic inequality in Gujarat worsens under Narendra Modi - India’s GDP grew faster under UPA than NDA - India’s growth gap with China narrowing - India’s human development index increases faster than China’s - Economic inequality in India worsens under UPA

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Bosnia - Herzegovina Albania, a small country located in south eastern Europe, is the heart of the Mediterranean. The birth land of Mother Teresa, it is still relatively ensconced from touristic expeditions and offers an elated stint to sightseers all over the world. The Republic of Albania, as it is officially known, is neighbored by Montenegro (former Yugoslavia) on the northwest, Kosovo on the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia on the east and Greece on the south and southeast frontier. Tirana, the capital city of Albania, is home to almost one sixth of the country's population of approximately 3.6 million, and is also the financial capital of the country. Albania has a mountainous terrain. About seventy five percent of its land consists of mountains and hills with elevations approaching 8,900 feet above sea level; the remainder consists of coastal and alluvial lowlands. The Shkumbin river flows in central Albania, meeting the Adriatic Sea northwest of Divjakë. It divides the country into two parts The North and the South. In the North, Albanian Alps, an extension of the Dinaric mountain system, cover the northern part of the country. It is heavily forested and sparsely populated. The Albanian language (called Shqip by Albanians) is of interest to linguists because, as a descendant of the extinct Illyrian tongue, it is the only surviving member of its branch of the Indo-European language family. There are two principal dialects: Geg, spoken north of the Shkumbin River, and Tosk, spoken in the south. Albania is Europe's only predominantly Muslim country—a legacy of nearly five centuries of Ottoman rule. The Albanian Culture: The Albanian culture is marked by its different forms of arts like music, dance and literature. The Albanian folklore, a redolent of Albanian cultural evolution, has many characters of the Albanian mythology included in the Albanian Songs of the Frontier Warriors, the traditional cycle of Albanian epic songs. Places of Touristic Interests: Albania has a rich historical heritage. The prime attractions of the this picturesque country are cities full of archeological parks & sites, monuments and museums. The National Historic Museum in Tirana is worth giving a visit for its privileged antiquity, and is the largest of all in the country. The main cities for exploring the historical patrimony are Tirana, Durres, Finiq (Phoinike), Vlora, Byllis, Shkodra, Elbasani, KorcaSaranda, and Gjirokastra. The cuisine of Albania has a strong influence of its history and culture. By including the herbs and spices which are the natural produce of the local country side, the cuisine connects instantaneously with the Mediterranean climate. The mild climate is also favorable for growing a wide variety of vegetables and fruits which, when combined with meat, contribute to a plethora of delectable Albanian dishes. Albania is popular for its Olives. A typical Albanian meal ends with a dessert, bringing to the whole experience a sense of completeness. Milk and milk products such as cheese and buttermilk are also important component of Albanian food. Albania has warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters, a characteristic of a Mediterranean country. However, local climate varies considerably, from one region to another. The western part, which is under the influence of warm maritime air from the Adriatic and Ionian seas, has more moderate temperatures than the rest of the country. Albania is a parliamentary democracy. The President is the head of state. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President and approved by a simple majority of all members of the Assembly. The President is also the commander in chief of the armed forces, and chairs the National Security Commission. The currency of Albania is called Lek (plural leke). It is subdivided into 100 qindarka (singular qindarkë), although qindarka are no longer issued. One USD is approximately 105.99 leke. Where is Albania?

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Posted by Maria Codina on December 7, 2017 at 2:19 pm The purpose of this manual is to strengthen and enable health systems to provide confidential, effective and women-centred services to survivors of violence. Violence damages women’s health in many ways, both immediate and long-term, both obvious and hidden. Such violence can include physical, sexual and psychological violence. The violence may be committed by an intimate partner or, in the case of sexual violence, by any perpetrator. The manual focuses on violence against women by men, in particular intimate partner violence and sexual assault, as it remains hidden and often unrecognized by the health system. Violence leads many women to seek care from health services. Thus, the health system has a crucial opportunity and duty to respond to violence against women. These women need care and support and have the right to the best possible health-care available. This care needs to be available at every level of health-care delivery, from primary care to care in referral/tertiary hospitals. The health system can also be the point of entry to a network of supporting social and legal services. This manual addresses primarily public sector health services, but it is also relevant for health services in the private sector, including services provided by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). The intended users are health managers at all levels of the health system who have the responsibility for designing, planning or managing health services for women, including those who have been subjected to violence. This may include: This manual recognizes that its users have various roles and responsibilities depending on their position and level in the health system or their place of work. Therefore, where content is relevant only for policy-makers or managers in national or subnational ministries, this is indicated with an icon “policy-maker”. Where content is only relevant for a local or health facility level manager, this is indicated with an icon “health services manager”. In all other places the content is relevant for all users. While some readers may have specialist knowledge on integrating the response to violence against women into the health system, the primary intended readers are assumed not to be specialists in this topic. The guidance here will need to be adapted to the specific health system contexts and available resources, as well as the legal and policy frameworks in place in different countries. The first part of the manual assumes that the reader’s health system has little or no integrated response to violence against women. Readers in health systems that are more ready for a health response can skip to Parts 2, 3 and 4 as needed. Readers may access chapters that are most useful depending on their needs and the readiness of their health system to respond to violence against women. Click here if you are interested in reading the manual.

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The number of cases of measles in the United States this year has surpassed 1,000, the US Department of Health and Human Services said Wednesday. The agency said there have been 1,001 cases so far this year. That's 20 more cases than the US Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention reported on Monday in its weekly national update. This year, which is barely half over, has the greatest number of cases in a single year in nearly three decades. "The Department of Health and Human Services has been deeply engaged in promoting the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, amid concerning signs that there are pockets of undervaccination around the country," said US Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar said in a statement. "The 1,000th case of a preventable disease like measles is a troubling reminder of how important that work is to the public health of the nation," Azar continued. The number of cases this year is the highest since 1992 when there were 2,237 cases of the highly contagious illness reported in the United States. It's the highest number of cases in a single year since it was eliminated nationwide in 2000, meaning it was no longer continuously transmitted in the country. Cases have been reported in more than half of US states. New York has been the largest contributor to this year's unfortunate milestone with nearly 700 cases of measles reported this year in the state. Most of those cases have been in Orthodox Jewish communities In Brooklyn and Queens with low vaccination rates. The New York City Health Department reported that as of June 3 there had been 566 confirmed cases in those areas since September. Clark County in Washington state had the second-largest outbreak in the US this year with more than 70 cases reported. Measles is one of the most highly contagious diseases in existence, spreading through coughing and sneezing, and can linger in the air for up to two hours. If someone who is not immune to the virus breathes the air or touches an infected surface, they can become infected, according to the CDC. Once a person has measles, about 90% of close contacts who are susceptible to it will develop the disease. Early on, measles can be confused for other viral illnesses such as the flu. But the red blotchy rash that comes with it may help set it apart. The virus often manifests as a combination of high fever -- as high as 105 degrees Fahrenheit -- along with cough, runny nose and pink eye, according to Dr. Julia S. Sammons, a pediatric infectious disease specialist and medical director of the Department of Infection Prevention and Control at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. To protect yourself, doctors recommend immediate vaccination. Other steps: wash hands often or using sanitizer, avoid touching your eyes and mouth, disinfect surfaces and toys with standard household products, and refrain from coming into close contact or sharing silverware with anyone who's sick. And if you have to cough or sneeze, use your sleeve or a tissue -- but not your hands, the CDC says. The cases in the Unites States have been imported from international travel. Local outbreaks begin when the highly contagious illness spreads to those who are not immune to the virus due to a lack of vaccination. With the busy summer travel season just about to get underway there's concern about continued importation of measles among vacationers. In his statement, Azar noted that the CDC has implemented an internal management structure to respond to the outbreaks, created toolkits to address vaccine hesitancy, and reached out to rabbinical and other associations with credible vaccine information. "We cannot say this enough: Vaccines are a safe and highly effective public health tool that can prevent this disease and end the current outbreak," Azar said. "The measles vaccine is among the most-studied medical products we have and is given safely to millions of children and adults each year. I encourage all Americans to talk to your doctor about what vaccines are recommended to protect you, your family, and your community from measles and other vaccine-preventable diseases."

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The International Whaling Commission’s 1982 moratorium on commercial whaling has saved the lives of a multitude of whales. Only three countries still defiantly and cruelly kill them. HSI is trying to change this, as well as to maintain the moratorium, by providing accurate and up-to-date information to the public and policy-makers. We also work with the IWC on the other key issues adversely affecting whales, including fatal fishing gear entanglements and impacts from marine debris and other pollution. 10s of 1000s Whales saved by the IWC’s global moratorium Japan, Iceland and Norway are still killing whales commercially Estimated number of whales, dolphins and porpoises who die yearly from fishing gear entanglement The future for whales is threatened by countries’ disregarding and working to lift the IWC’s moratorium on commercial whale hunting, as well as vessel strikes, fishing gear entanglement, ocean pollution (including marine debris), habitat loss and human-created, loud noise. Whales are some of Earth’s largest animals, with the strongest and deepest voices. Some annually migrate from the tropics to the poles, some sing elaborate songs, and many live in close, complex societies. - Whale-killing methods cannot be guaranteed to kill instantly, and some whales are even struck with harpoons and then lost to a probable prolonged death. - Japan’s decision late in 2018 to overtly resume commercial whaling (abandoning its claim that its whaling was for research) and to leave the International Whaling Commission, which maintains its ban on such activities, makes it a “pirate” whaling nation, acting outside of international law. - Whales are unsuitable for attempts at sustainable use—they are long-lived, slow to reproduce, and difficult and expensive to monitor. - Important research is in progress exploring the role of whales in marine ecosystems and especially considering their positive contribution to marine productivity by, for example, transporting key ocean nutrients. - Studies point to overfishing as the likely culprit in fishery declines, not the whales as Japan and its allies like to claim, since commercial fishery species and whale food sources have little overlap. - Japan is also among a small number of countries and territories that also hunt small whales and dolphins. Japan’s dolphin hunt in the town of Taiji has become infamous because of its cruelty and links to the captivity industry. Similarly, the Faroe Islands’ annual drive hunts kill entire schools of small whales and dolphins, including hundreds of pilot whales, for their meat each summer. - Several populations of whales remain in danger of extinction, including the North Atlantic right whales; only 300-400 exist, with no young right whales born in 2018. - Whale watching, a $2B global industry, attracts 13M+ people annually; when properly managed, it offers a viable, ethical, alternative income source. Our Work in Action Tell Japan to stop whalingAct Now Japan announced that it will start a new commercial whaling program and that it will leave the International Whaling Commission--shunning international law, including the global ban on commercial whaling, and putting hundreds of whales at risk of suffering long and painful deaths from exploding harpoons.

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A quick googling turned up this great idea, using an escape chute attached to the top of a fire crane. The chute has a fireproof external layer and people slow or speed their descent in it simply by varying their posture. Read the pdf for more details: But the picture tells all you need to know. You can see it reaches very high, up to 100m with the tallest fire appliance. It is a great idea, but you can still see how it could be improved, and the manufacturer may well already have better versions on the way. Firstly, the truck is already leaning, even though it has extendable feet to increase the effective base area. This affects all free-standing fire rescue cranes and ladders (suspension ladders, or ladders able to lean against a wall obviously include other forces). Physics dictates that the center of gravity, with the evacuees included, must remain above the base or it will start to topple. The higher it reaches and the further from the truck, the harder that becomes, and the fewer people can simultaneously use the escape chute. Clearly if it is go even higher, we need to find new ways of keeping the base and center of gravity aligned, or to prevent it toppling by leaning the ladder securely against a sound piece of wall that isn’t above a fire. One solution is obvious. Usually with a high-rise fire, a number of fire appliances would be there. By linking several appliances to the ladder in a stable pattern, the base area then becomes far larger, the entire area enclosed by the combined appliances. At the very least, they can spread out across a street, and sometimes as in the Grenfell Tower fire, there is a lot of nearby space to spread over. With a number of fire appliances, the crane is also not limited to the carrying capacity of a single appliance. If theses are specialist hi-rise appliances, one or two would carry telescopic arms to support the rescue equipment, with one or more trucks using tension wires to increase the base area. We also need to speed up entry to the chute and preferably make it accessible to more windows. The existing system has access via a small hole that might be slow to pass through, and challenging for larger people or those with less mobility. A funneled design would allow people to jump in from several windows or even drop from a floor above. Designing the access to prevent simultaneous arrivals at the chute is easy enough, even if several people jump in together Also, it would be good if the chute could take evacuees away from the building and flames as fast as possible. Getting them to the ground is a lesser priority. Designing the funnel so it crosses several windows, with a steep slope away from the building (like an airplane escape slide) before it enters the downward chute would do that. Another enhancement would be that instead of a broad funnel and single chute, a number of chutes could be suspended, with one for each window. Several people would be able to descend down different chutes at the same time. with a much broader base area, toppling risk would still be greatly reduced. If a few support arms could be extended from the crane towards the building, that would provide extra stability until their strength (or building fabric) is compromised by fire. Further support might sometimes be available from window cleaning platform apparatus that could support the weight of the rescue chutes. If emergency escape chutes are built into the platforms could even make for an instant escape system before fire services arrive. With these relatively straightforward enhancements, this evacuation system would be even better and would allow many people to escape who otherwise wouldn’t. OK, here’s a badly drawn pic:

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Religious pacifism as it affects social change is addressed in relation to non-violence, pacifist relief work, pacifist strategies, and alternative service. About the Author(s) “Abraham Johannes Muste, born on January 8, 1885, died on February 11, 1967. Born in Holland, he was brought to the U.S. as a child of six and raised by a Republican family in the strict Calvinist traditions of the Dutch Reformed Church. In 1909, he was ordained a minister in that church, and married Anna Huizenga, with whom he was to share the next 40 years and raise three children. “In the 1912 presidential election he cast his vote for Eugene Victor Debs. In 1914, increasingly uncomfortable with the Reformed Church, he became pastor of a Congregational Church. When war broke out in Europe, A.J. became a pacifist, inspired by the Christian mysticism of the Quakers. Three years later, these beliefs cost him his church. He then started working with the fledgling American Civil Liberties Union in Boston, and took a post with the Friends in Providence. In 1919, when the textile industry strikers appealed for help from the religious community, he suddenly found himself thrust into the center of the great labor strikes in Lawrence, Massachusetts. In the early 1920s, A.J. became director of the Brookwood Labor College in Katonah, New York. This school was of enormous importance in labor history; its curriculum consisted of the theory and practice of labor militancy. “For several years during the 1920’s he served as Chairman of the Fellowship of Reconciliation but steadily drifted toward revolutionary politics, and in 1929 he helped form the Conference for Progressive Labor Action (CPLA), seeking to reform the AF of L from within. When the Depression broke like a storm over America, the CPLA became openly revolutionary and was instrumental in forming the American Workers Party in 1933 – a “democratically organized revolutionary party” in which A.J. played the leading role. In 1940, he became Executive Secretary of the religious pacifist organization, Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR), a post he held until 1953. “There are two themes that ran through A.J. Muste’s life so clearly and marked his own actions so decisively, that the conflict between them became a dialectic, never resolved. One theme was peace, nonviolence, profound reverence for life. The other theme was social justice. To respect life meant to struggle to achieve social justice, yet the struggle for social justice invariably disturbed the peace and risked the nonviolence so central to A.J. The life-destroying institutions of injustice that A.J. saw around him were intolerable – yet violent social change was also intolerable. It was this “dialectic” which led him into the Marxist-Leninist movement and then back into the religious pacifist movement.” Abstracted from Muste’s Biographical Background at the A.J. Muste Memorial Institute. Pendle Hill Pamphlet #13

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Celebrating women in conservation We have hundreds of women around the world carrying out amazing conservation work everyday. To celebrate International Women's Day we have highlighted just a few of these wildlife heroines. Dr Amy Dickman Amy is a conservation biologist at the University of Oxford, in the Department of Zoology. Her work focuses “mainly upon understanding the drivers of conflict between humans and large carnivores, and how those issues can be best addressed.” She also has an interest in wider aspects of carnivore ecology and conservation, and is currently working on a ground breaking project in Tanzania focused on carnivores in the Ruaha landscape, supported by PTES. More information on her work can be found here. Dr Sian Waters Sian is from South Wales and has been working with wildlife for over 20 years. She specialises in primate and carnivore conservation.She believes that local knowledge, and working together with communities is key to conservation. Sian is now working on a project funded by PTES to protect the Barbary macaques in Morocco, in order to raise public awareness of the issues facing the species. The main threats come from the exploitation of infants for the pet and photo prop trade. Elena is a mammologist, and Executive Secretary of the Saiga Conservation Alliance (SCA) – an international NGO established in 2006 to promote the restoration of the critically endangered saiga antelope. Saiga are the flagship species of the Eurasian steppe, threatened by illegal hunting for its meat and horns. Oil industry developments and pipelines also hinder their migration. Sanne is an Assistant Research Officer at Frontier / Society for Environmental Exploration in Madagascar. She did a masters degree in global change ecology at Ghent University, and her two biggest passions are sustainability and ecology. She is currently working on a stag beetle monitoring programme across Europe, as a result of the risks they face. These include habitat fragmentation and a lack of deadwood for their larvae to feed on. Dr Amanda Vincent Amanda is a Professor at the Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, and is currently working on a PTES funded project on seahorses in Vietnam. The project aims to help improve the country’s management of seahorses to a level where wild populations can tolerate carefully monitored and regulated exports, and will support a vital national assessment of seahorse fisheries and trade. This, in turn, will lead to much-needed management modifications. Read more about Amanda’s work here. Jane is currently a PhD Student within the Molecular Ecology and Fisheries Genetics Laboratory (MEFGL) at Bangor University, and studied Zoology at Sheffield University. She is interested in the preservation of genetic diversity, and believes that “conservation of genetic diversity is just as important as the conservation of species diversity, if not more so. It preserves the evolutionary potential of a population and therefore gives greater opportunity for adaptation to future change, which is likely to be unpredictable.” She is currently working on a PTES funded project on Manta and devil rays in Fiji. Read more about Jane’s project. Article written by Katie Silver.

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Integers are the foundation of basic mathematics. Researchers at Northwestern University believe that children think of integers as sets, e.g., they connect the number "three" to a set of three objects. They distinguish between larger and smaller numbers by connecting the numbers to a larger or smaller number of objects. This connection helps them to relate to positive integers. However, they do not perceive negative integers in the same way. There are a number of techniques that can be used to teach children about integers and integer operations. Motivating Children to Add and Subtract Teach integer addition and subtraction by using store transactions as examples. Give each child 10 fake dollar bills. Have them pair up and role-play selling each other small objects. Have them add money to their total when they sell an object and subtract money from their total when they purchase an object. Explain the concept of negative numbers by talking about the concept of "owing" someone money or having a "negative" amount of money. Teaching With the Number Line A number line is a visual method that can be used to teach children about integers. Create a number line with positive and negative integers on a large piece of poster board. Ask your students to move forward on the number line when they add and backward when they subtract. Divide the class into teams and give each team a different colored marker. Provide integer arithmetic problems and ask the students to mark their answers on the correct location of the poster board. Award a small prize to the team that wins. Teaching Integer Multiplication With Cards Use decks of cards to help children learn multiplication. Divide your students into teams and give each team a deck of cards. Have each team leader pass out three cards to each member of her team, and then say, "go." The first student to correctly multiply the three numbers on her cards gets to keep everyone's cards. The student with the most cards at the end of the game is the winner. Remove the jack, king and queen from the deck before playing. Using Integer Multiplication to Teach Integer Division You can teach integer division once your students have a firm grasp on integer multiplication. Set up worksheets with multiplication tables. Remove one integer on the left hand side of each equation. For example, in the problem: "3 times __ = 18," ask your students to determine what goes in the blank. Connect this to dividing the answer with the number on the left-hand side to get the answer. - Jupiterimages/liquidlibrary/Getty Images

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Robinson CrusoeOf all Defoe’s works, the most famous is his first novel, Robinson Crusoe, written when he was sixty years old. Such was its popularity that it was published no fewer than nine times in 1719 and has never since gone out of print. The probable influences of the work are numerous, including the vast amount of travel literature that was popular at the time. The most important of these was the account of Alexander Selkirk, the Scottish sailor who was left alone on the island of Juan Fernandez for over four months and rescued on January 31, 1709. Later writers even accused Defoe of stealing Selkirk’s manuscript and claiming it as his own. Other influences include current events such as British colonial endeavors and religious debates. Rising above any mere social commentary or adventure story, however, Robinson Crusoe “is the greatest mythic fantasy ever written of the solitary survivor who will never succumb” (ODNB). The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, of York, Mariner: Who Lived Eight and Twenty Years, all alone in an un-inhabited Island on the Coast of America, near the Mouth of the Great River of Oroonoque; Having been Cast on Shore by Shipwreck, wherein all the Men perished but himself. With an Account how he was at last as strangely deliver’d by Pyrates. Written by Himself. London: Printed for W. Taylor at the Ship in Pater-Noster-Row. MDCCXIX.[See larger image] In the centuries since its first printing, Robinson Crusoe has been read as an economic parable, a spiritual autobiography, an adventure story, and as a fable illustrating human development and education. Novak argues that there is “enough in it to support what might seem to be entirely separate readings.”* It is this multifaceted nature that explains its perennial popularity over hundreds of years and in over a hundred languages. The first edition, first issue of the book, published on April 25, 1719. From the collection of J.K. Lilly. The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe; being the Second and Last Part of his Life, and of the Strange Surprizing Accounts of his Travels round three Parts of the Globe. Written by Himself. To which is added a Map of the World, in which is Delineated the Voyages of Robinson Crusoe. London: Printed for W. Taylor at the Ship in Pater-Noster-Row. MDCCXIX.[See larger image] First edition, first issue of the sequel to Robinson Crusoe, written in August of the same year and thereafter often printed alongside the first book. Includes a preface in which Defoe condemns those who would abridge the work (and then reprint it more cheaply), likening the crime to highway robbery and house-breaking. A pirated abridgment had been printed only weeks before. From the collection of J.K. Lilly. Serious Reflections during the Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe: with his Vision of the Angelick World. Written by Himself. London: Printed for W. Taylor at the Ship and Black-Swan in Pater-noster-Row. 1720.[See larger image] First edition of the third and final part of the Crusoe story. This part of the work, which is a series of essays rather than an adventure narrative, was not so well received and was seldom printed alongside the previous two parts of the story. From the collection of J.K. Lilly.

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Papua New Guinea is in the southwestern Pacific, encompasses the eastern half of New Guinea and its offshore Islands. The country is situated on the Pacific Ring of Fire, at the point of collision of several tectonic plates. There are a number of active Volcanoes and eruptions are frequent. Earthquakes are relatively common sometimes accompanied by Tsunamis. It is a country of immense cultural and biological diversity. It’s known for its beaches and coral reefs and is one of the world’s least explored countries both culturally and geographically. Madang on the western coast was once dubbed the prettiest town in the Pacific, surrounded by azure waters sprinkled with picturesque islands. Madang was virtually destroyed during the Japanese occupation and subsequent fighting in world war II, so much of what you see today was built after the war. Papua New Guinea has more languages than any other country – 852 languages are listed, of which 12 have no known living speakers. The most widely spoken indigenous language is Enga with about 200,000 speakers. English is the language of government and the education system but it is not spoken widely. The country established its sovereignty in 1975, following nearly 60 years of Australian administration. It became a separate Commonwealth realm with Queen Elizabeth II as its head of state and became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations in its own right. Sport is an important part of Papua New Guinea culture and Rugby League is by far the most popular sport. Other major sports which have a part in the countries sporting landscape are Australian rules Football, Association Football, rugby union and, in Eastern Papua cricket. The capital and largest city Port Moresby hosted the Pacific Games in 2015. Popular recipes from Papua New Guinea include Kaukau (baked sweet potato) , Chicken and greens in coconut milk , Mumu (roasted pork with root vegetables, greens, fruit and coconut milk) , Chicken pot (chicken stew with coconut milk), Sago (sago palm is the starch used for making bread and puddings), Dia (sago and bananas cooked with coconut cream) and Yam patties. I opted to make Banana cake which was simple and quite tasty, although not overly sweet. Makes 10 – 12 slices Prep time: 20 minutes Cook time: 45 – 50 minutes 1⁄2 cup margarine or butter 1⁄2 cup of sugar 1 tsp vanilla essence 2 large bananas (mashed) 1 tsp bicarbonate of soda 1 1⁄2 cup of self-raising flour 1/3 cup of milk (enough to give it a wet texture, but not runny) Pre heat oven to 180 degrees Beat butter, sugar and vanilla essence until creamy Gradually beat in eggs and add mashed bananas Mix milk and bicarbonate of soda and blend into banana mixture with flour (note – the amount of milk will vary depending on the mushiness of the bananas) Pour the batter into a round greased 20 cm deep-sided cake pan Bake for 45-50 minutes in a hot oven

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We’ve seen over the last week that the new ocean layer in Google Earth 5.0 is a useful tool for visualization and presentation. DSN readers have commented that GE could also be useful for research, if one were to geo-reference scientific literature, for example. This updated REPOST from July 2008 gives an example of one small application for GE, mapping 19th Century Voyages. I am currently studying deep sea-fans, or gorgonians, in the West Atlantic mesophotic or “twilight zone” between 50-150 m. Many of these gorgonians have their first description in the reports by Wright and Studer (1889) of the HMS Challenger Expedition 1873-1876. The main difference between then and now is that 19th century biologists studied dead and broken colonies dredged or trawled from the abyss, while modern scientists use submersibles and ROVs to study the organisms in their natural habitat, in all their living splendor. Certain features of my animals are well illustrated, but the descriptions are dry, with no in situ photographs. We have no idea what these gorgonian colonies looked like when they were alive. This is necessary so we can identify them in-situ. So, I’m seeking historical background to put the HMS Challenger observations in context. Like a modern guy, I quickly turn to Amazon for background material (books) and Google Earth for a visualization (maps). As a deep-sea biologist, the first thing I need to know is “where did the HMS Challenger collect their samples, exactly”? This is a simple map based function. The chances I will find the Challenger Expedition on Google Earth are good thanks to “Hill” a “Master Guide” at Google Earth, and a professed Google Earth “addict”. He’s uploaded and georeferenced the maps to this website so I can tell at a glance where the Challenger has been, and where they’ve not. In a way, the Challenger Expedition could come alive again in a “Google Ocean” environment. An online expedition today could incorporate georeferenced text, photos, audio, and live video, plus graphics and animation to help illustrate these bizarre and fascinating benthic habitats. This is what you’ll see when you explore the new ocean layer in GE 5.0. If you’re interested in learning more about the Challenger Expedition, search the H.M.S. Challenger Library at 19th Century Science. I see lots of room for improvement to this unique format and presentation, but it makes me wonder, how can I see more of this kind of thing on Google Earth? Where will it develop and grow? And, when was the last time we sent a ship around the world collecting deep-sea samples for such a broadly interdisciplinary group of scientists?

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