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R_System | null | en-US | To support the Description of Monitoring Plan VISION: Minimise impacts of climate change through sustained action at all levels of society Components Activities/Processes Outputs Blue Economy Research Institute Scope out strengthening Institute needs Feasibility Study to cost climate change research activities by the Institute High speed networks to sectors Appropriate training Establishment of a national data hub Collaboration with local (e.g. the National Institute for Science, Technology and Innovation, Seychelles Meteorological Office), and overseas research partners Support innovative and research-based approaches to climate change education for both informal and formal education sectors and their staff Support enhancement of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics education in schools at all levels Functional research Institute based at the University of Seychelles capable of attracting, retaining and funding postgraduate programmes in climate research with proactive links to all sectors including education sector and their professional centres Critical Infrastructure Scope critical infrastructure needs Appropriate training Create clear linkages between responsible Government entities Develop a responsive education and awareness programme targeting infrastructure users Link to Blue Economy Research Institute and the National Institute for Science, Technology and Innovation Instil reflexive monitoring Department of Risk and Disaster Management upgraded and linked in real time to the Seychelles Meteorological Service Improved road maintenance and repair Need to re-think basic philosophy to incorporate climate-smart designs Ensure prioritised with near, mid- and long term aims Climate change adaptation needs mainstreamed into all sectors with critical infrastructure Planning process for all new developments, with associated improvements in the building codes and their rigorous enforcement All new builds to incorporate rainwater harvesting, solar PV and other sustainable building features Tourism Link to the Blue Economy Research Institute Receives and acts upon relevant products Reviews and acts upon potential adaptive responses Training in climate change for hoteliers and tourism students at the Seychelles Tourism Academy Greater co-management of the sector by the Ministry of Tourism and Department of Risk and Disaster Management as well as with the Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change Food Security Complete feasibility study for a project to improve food and nutrition security Enhance human capacity development at Seychelles Agricultural Agency and Seychelles Fishing Authority Revitalise extension services and provide opportunities to study climate-smart and ecosystem-based approaches to agriculture and fisheries Programmes for sustainable industrial and artisanal fisheries, sustainable mariculture Promote home gardening, improve port infrastructure for artisanal and industrial fisheries, reduce illegal, unreported and unregulated activities; and support the insurance scheme for farmers and fishers More research needed regarding the impacts of climate change on Seychelles’ fisheries, both industrial and artisanal, and more research will provide valuable A sustainable modern agriculture and fisheries supported by new and innovative technologies, investment, and by skilled and qualified human resources Integrated Blue Economy and Seychelles StrategicVISION: Minimise impacts of climate change through sustained action at all levels of society Components Activities/Processes Outputs insights to guide adaptation strategies for the fishing sector Fast-track the blue-economy ambition and develop innovative and additive links with the Seychelles Strategic Plan 2015 Biodiversity Fast-track full implementation of Seychelles Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan and the new Biodiversity law Fully developed capacity for biosecurity including emphasis on invasive alien species Fully implemented Action Plan Fully implemented and enforced Biodiversity and Biosecurity Laws Fully bio-secure country borders Water Security Undertake a Water Security Review Fast-track improvements to water security by increasing efficiency of the system and reducing demand from consumers Link to the Blue Economy Research Institute and the National Institute for Science Technology and Innovation to optimise knowledge-sharing and research Fully integrated approach to water security that addresses issues such as ecosystem health, waste management, water treatment and supply, sewage, agriculture, etc Energy Security Keep the options for diversifying electricity sources under continual review Explore more opportunities for the application of renewable energy technologies Plan to move critical infrastructure out of flooding/storm surge risk areas Replacement of fossil-fuelled vehicles where practicable and upgrading of infrastructure Collaboration with the National Institute for Science Technology and Innovation to optimise knowledge- sharing and research More resilient energy base Greater use of renewable energy where practicable Optimum fuel-based fleet Strengthened cooperation between Government entities Health Actively managed health burden through improved research, response and planning Health sector able to respond to population increase and its climate- related health burden Waste Actively managed waste hierarchy Fast-track implementation of new waste policy Decommission landfills in flood risk areas Research and commercialisation of waste-based products Urgent completion of waste-to-energy feasibility studies Waste is managed according to strict hierarchy and waste policy fully implemented Decision taken on waste- to-energy Cost of priority mitigation actions The cost of achieving the reduction objective in 2030 has been estimated to be at least USD 309 million as detailed in Table 1. | Seychelles | {
"answer_start": 225,
"text": "Climate change adaptation needs mainstreamed into all sectors with critical infrastructure"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20of%20Seychelles.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | 1st NDC | null | SYC |
R_System | null | en-US | the National Institute for Science, Technology and Innovation, Seychelles Meteorological Office), and overseas research partners Support innovative and research-based approaches to climate change education for both informal and formal education sectors and their staff Support enhancement of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics education in schools at all levels Functional research Institute based at the University of Seychelles capable of attracting, retaining and funding postgraduate programmes in climate research with proactive links to all sectors including education sector and their professional centres Critical Infrastructure Scope critical infrastructure needs Appropriate training Create clear linkages between responsible Government entities Develop a responsive education and awareness programme targeting infrastructure users Link to Blue Economy Research Institute and the National Institute for Science, Technology and Innovation Instil reflexive monitoring Department of Risk and Disaster Management upgraded and linked in real time to the Seychelles Meteorological Service Improved road maintenance and repair Need to re-think basic philosophy to incorporate climate-smart designs Ensure prioritised with near, mid- and long term aims Climate change adaptation needs mainstreamed into all sectors with critical infrastructure Planning process for all new developments, with associated improvements in the building codes and their rigorous enforcement All new builds to incorporate rainwater harvesting, solar PV and other sustainable building features Tourism Link to the Blue Economy Research Institute Receives and acts upon relevant products Reviews and acts upon potential adaptive responses Training in climate change for hoteliers and tourism students at the Seychelles Tourism Academy Greater co-management of the sector by the Ministry of Tourism and Department of Risk and Disaster Management as well as with the Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change Food Security Complete feasibility study for a project to improve food and nutrition security Enhance human capacity development at Seychelles Agricultural Agency and Seychelles Fishing Authority Revitalise extension services and provide opportunities to study climate-smart and ecosystem-based approaches to agriculture and fisheries Programmes for sustainable industrial and artisanal fisheries, sustainable mariculture Promote home gardening, improve port infrastructure for artisanal and industrial fisheries, reduce illegal, unreported and unregulated activities; and support the insurance scheme for farmers and fishers More research needed regarding the impacts of climate change on Seychelles’ fisheries, both industrial and artisanal, and more research will provide valuable A sustainable modern agriculture and fisheries supported by new and innovative technologies, investment, and by skilled and qualified human resources Integrated Blue Economy and Seychelles StrategicVISION: Minimise impacts of climate change through sustained action at all levels of society Components Activities/Processes Outputs insights to guide adaptation strategies for the fishing sector Fast-track the blue-economy ambition and develop innovative and additive links with the Seychelles Strategic Plan 2015 Biodiversity Fast-track full implementation of Seychelles Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan and the new Biodiversity law Fully developed capacity for biosecurity including emphasis on invasive alien species Fully implemented Action Plan Fully implemented and enforced Biodiversity and Biosecurity Laws Fully bio-secure country borders Water Security Undertake a Water Security Review Fast-track improvements to water security by increasing efficiency of the system and reducing demand from consumers Link to the Blue Economy Research Institute and the National Institute for Science Technology and Innovation to optimise knowledge-sharing and research Fully integrated approach to water security that addresses issues such as ecosystem health, waste management, water treatment and supply, sewage, agriculture, etc Energy Security Keep the options for diversifying electricity sources under continual review Explore more opportunities for the application of renewable energy technologies Plan to move critical infrastructure out of flooding/storm surge risk areas Replacement of fossil-fuelled vehicles where practicable and upgrading of infrastructure Collaboration with the National Institute for Science Technology and Innovation to optimise knowledge- sharing and research More resilient energy base Greater use of renewable energy where practicable Optimum fuel-based fleet Strengthened cooperation between Government entities Health Actively managed health burden through improved research, response and planning Health sector able to respond to population increase and its climate- related health burden Waste Actively managed waste hierarchy Fast-track implementation of new waste policy Decommission landfills in flood risk areas Research and commercialisation of waste-based products Urgent completion of waste-to-energy feasibility studies Waste is managed according to strict hierarchy and waste policy fully implemented Decision taken on waste- to-energy Cost of priority mitigation actions The cost of achieving the reduction objective in 2030 has been estimated to be at least USD 309 million as detailed in Table 1. Including the cost of energy efficiency measures such as building codes, standards and labels, and energy audits will increase the total cost of implementation. | Seychelles | {
"answer_start": 164,
"text": "Climate change adaptation needs mainstreamed into all sectors with critical infrastructure"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20of%20Seychelles.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | 1st NDC | null | SYC |
R_System | null | en-US | In forestry, adaptation measures (many of which also have strong mitigation benefits) include reforestation/afforestation, natural and active/assisted regeneration, forest protection from cutting, grazing, fire, pests etc., improved and sustainable management of existing forest, improved pasture productivity, promoting crosscutting actions: integrated land management, improving the regulatory framework, strengthening law enforcement, developing a sustainable financing system, conducting inventory and monitoring, and investing in science and innovation. List of adaptation measures in the transport sector: ● improving the protection and long-term maintenance of transport infrastructure; ● updating national building codes for the construction of bridges; ● providing support to improve infrastructure and access roads in the country, in particular in hazardous and vulnerable areas; ● adapting rail, road, air and all modes of transport, including non-traditional and special modes of transport, to the requirements under international standards; ● promoting the implementation of incentives and regulations for fuel-efficient vehicles. | Tajikistan | {
"answer_start": 112,
"text": "adapting rail, road, air and all modes of transport, including non-traditional and special modes of transport, to the requirements under international standards;"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDC_TAJIKISTAN_ENG.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | TJK |
R_System | null | en-US | List of adaptation measures in the transport sector: ● improving the protection and long-term maintenance of transport infrastructure; ● updating national building codes for the construction of bridges; ● providing support to improve infrastructure and access roads in the country, in particular in hazardous and vulnerable areas; ● adapting rail, road, air and all modes of transport, including non-traditional and special modes of transport, to the requirements under international standards; ● promoting the implementation of incentives and regulations for fuel-efficient vehicles. List of adaptation measures in the industry and construction sector: ● equipping large enterprises with modern energy-saving and digital technologies; ● a national industrial sector that embraces the environmental protection and creation of a green economy; introduction of rational consumption and production patterns; greening of industry; ● development of sustainable infrastructure based on the implementation of green investment projects; ● creation of early warning systems for the adoption of protective measures and prevention of damage and loss of infrastructure. | Tajikistan | {
"answer_start": 48,
"text": "adapting rail, road, air and all modes of transport, including non-traditional and special modes of transport, to the requirements under international standards;"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDC_TAJIKISTAN_ENG.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | TJK |
R_System | null | en-US | In many instances, the existing capacity of infrastructure, particularly at port facilities, is already inadequate and requires expansion just to meet current needs. This imposes additional costs on the country by slowing the transfer of goods to and from shipping vessels. Improving the capacity and resilience of the transport network and ports of entry is essential for building the country’s broader economic resilience to climate change and its impacts on global supply chains. The FSM is considering the use of battery powered land, sea, and air transportation powered by renewable energy. The FSM recognizes that all private sector operations and government functions, including education, health, social and emergency services, depend on an effectively functioning and climate-resilient transportation infrastructure system. | Micronesia | {
"answer_start": 41,
"text": "Improving the capacity and resilience of the transport network and ports of entry is essential for building the country’s broader economic resilience to climate change and its impacts on global supply chains. The FSM is considering the use of battery powered land, sea, and air transportation powered by renewable energy"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | FSM |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | Other alternative fuels, such as synthetic kerosene, could be used if their environmental and energy balance proves relevant. a) Guideline T 1: provide the sector with incentive price signals Find a way to gradually standardise intra-European competition in road transport, in order to standardise fuel tax rates at European level or within a group of neighbouring Member States, particularly for professional road transport, in line with the objectives of greening fleets and with public policy objectives (e.g. for public transport). Enable the internalisation of the external costs of road use (climatic, environmental, health and use) and charge a fair price for road modes, both over long distances and in urban areas. | France | {
"answer_start": 80,
"text": "Enable the internalisation of the external costs of road use (climatic, environmental, health and use) and charge a fair price for road modes, both over long distances and in urban areas."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/en_SNBC-2_complete.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | LTS | null | FRA |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | Enable the internalisation of the external costs of road use (climatic, environmental, health and use) and charge a fair price for road modes, both over long distances and in urban areas. For air transport, support a significant increase in the share of alternative fuels that are highly decarbonated (in life cycle analysis) and convincing in terms of their overall environmental and energy balance by relying on second-generation biofuels or even synthetic kerosene, support R&D to improve energy efficiency and to develop alternatives to hydrocarbons (hydrogen and electric aircraft), and act in European and international bodies to strengthen existing fiscal and market instruments (ETS, CORSIA, ticket taxes), or even replace them with new ones (kerosene taxation), in order to accelerate the decarbonisation of air transport, seeking convergence with national energy taxation. | France | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "Enable the internalisation of the external costs of road use (climatic, environmental, health and use) and charge a fair price for road modes, both over long distances and in urban areas."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/en_SNBC-2_complete.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | LTS | null | FRA |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | Economic and tax instruments, which will result in a change in the projected energy consumption, environmentally friendly fuels will dominate, which should be with a lower tax. Increased road charging, which will result in a change in demand for road freight transport. According to the calculated projections (Figure 14) broken down by individual gas (Table 12 in Annex I), there are clear downward emission trends for CO2 and N2O until 2040 but CH4 emissions are growing in the WAM scenario compared to the WEM scenario. The most probable reason is a growing trend of natural gas consumption and biogas/biomethane consumption in road transport and its increasing share in fuel consumption, which has been included in the WAM scenario. | Slovakia | {
"answer_start": 27,
"text": "Increased road charging, which will result in a change in demand for road freight transport."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS%20SK%20eng.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | LTS | null | SVK |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | Reassess the system of excise duty on energy products in transport so that products are taxed on the basis of their adverse impact on the environment, while allowing the possibilities of Directive 2003/96 EC to be fully applied. Change passenger car registration fees to reflect CO2 emissions or Euro emission standards, or a combination of these, or other factors that reflect environmental criteria in the calculation of fees. Toll charges will also include an environmental element in passenger transport and will analyse other ways of using economic instruments in accordance with the Polluter Pays principle. | Slovakia | {
"answer_start": 68,
"text": "Toll charges will also include an environmental element in passenger transport and will analyse other ways of using economic instruments in accordance with the Polluter Pays principle."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS%20SK%20eng.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | LTS | null | SVK |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | Toll charges will also include an environmental element in passenger transport and will analyse other ways of using economic instruments in accordance with the Polluter Pays principle. Support individual automobile transport regulations, in particular in the form of a parking policy (charges for parking, ban on parking on pavements) through the standardization of parking policy throughout the Slovak Republic, while respecting technical standards governing the construction of parking places STN 73 6110 /Z1/O1. Introduce low-emission zones in municipalities, including charging for entry into these zones and traffic calming in settlements (the introduction of functional 30 zones and cycling streets, including transport-technical facilities). | Slovakia | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "Toll charges will also include an environmental element in passenger transport and will analyse other ways of using economic instruments in accordance with the Polluter Pays principle."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS%20SK%20eng.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | LTS | null | SVK |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | Table 4.4.2: NDCs in Transport Sector NDC # NDCs and Actions Timeline NDC 1 Transport sector system improvement 2021-2030 1.1 Avoid the need to travel 2021-2030 1.2 Reduce commuting distances and travel time 2021-2030 1.3 Improve traffic and traffic light management 2021- 2030 1.5 Introduce intelligent transport management systems 2021-2030 1.6 Improve road architecture (road designs, road signs, signaling, signage, etc.) 2021-2030 NDC 2 Promote public passenger transport 2021-2030 2.1 Improve public road transport for reliability, affordability, accessibility, availability, comfort and safety 2.2 Improve railway transport for reliability, affordability, accessibility, availability, comfort and safety 2.3 Integrate transport modes 2021-2030 2.4 Improve last mile connectivity 2021-2030 NDC 3 Shift freight to efficient modes 2021-2030 3.1 Switch back to rail from road transport 2021-2030 3.2 Promote transporting petroleum products by pipeline 2021-2030 3.3 Introduce rail-based transport system with inland container depots 2021-2030 NDC 4 Rapid transport for passenger transport 2021-2030 4.1 Introduce Light Rail Transport in Colombo city 2021-2030 NDC 5 Promote non-motorized transport modes 2021- 2030 5.1 Promote the use of bicycles 2021-2030 5.2 Improve the facilities for pedestrian walkways 2021-2030 NDC 6 Introduce taxes and other instruments to promote public transport 2021- 2030 6.1 Change the existing vehicle emission charging system from the present vehicle based to vehicle type, fuel used and emission-based system plus the total km travel 6.2 Restrict the entry of individual modes of transport to sensitive areas and congested areas of major cities during peak hours through a levy 6.3 Develop park and ride infrastructure developments combined with Corden based pricing mechanism NDC 7 Introduce inland water transport modes 2021-2030 7.1 Introduce canal-based water transport using diesel or grid electricity-powered boat service for selected canal routes NDC 8 Modernizing and upgrading of suburban railway 2021-2030 8.1 Electrification of railway lines 2021-2030 8.2 Develop new railway lines and expansion of existing railway network 2021-2030 NDC 9 Promote electric mobility and hybrid vehicles 2021-2030 9.1 Increase tax concessions for electric & hybrid vehicles 2021-2030 9.2 Facilitate supportive infrastructure developments such as charging stations, battery swapping & replacements 9.3 Tax & Duty concessions for batteries used for electric and hybrid vehicles after introducing a specific HS code NDC 10 Improve vehicle fleet efficiency 2021-2030 10.1 Improve efficiencies of the existing vehicle fleet 2021-2030 10.2 Promote the import of fuel-efficient vehicles 2021-2030 10.3 Introduce programmes to change driver behaviours 2021-2030NDC 11 Road infrastructure development 2021-2030 11.1 Development of provincial and rural road infrastructure for improved mobility 2021-2030 11.2 Expansion of expressway network 2021-2030 NDC 12 Reduce GHG emissions from the marine sector 2021-2030 12.1 Ratify Annex VI of MARPOL convention to enforce provisions in Sri Lanka 2021-2030 12.2 Study the impact of shipping on GHG emissions (coastal traffic and ports) depending on evidence-based information and introduce measures to address the issues 12.4 Introduce energy efficiency measures and fuel quality improvement programmes to coastal shipping and fishing boats and vessels NDC 13 Generic enabling activities 2021-2030 13.1 Introduce new national policy or make amendments to relevant existing policies to promote environmentally sustainable transport modes including electric mobility and hybrid vehicles 13.2 Introduce fuel-based carbon tax 2021-2030 13.3 Include climate change measures in maritime policy making 2021-2030 It is expected that the implementation of updated NDCs will result in GHG emissions reduction against BAU scenario by 4.0% in the transport sector (1.0% unconditionally and 3.0% conditionally) equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 1,337,000 MT unconditionally and 4,011,000 MT conditionally (total of 5,348,000 MT) of carbon dioxide equivalent during the period of 2021-2030 (Figure 4.4.2). | Sri Lanka | {
"answer_start": 194,
"text": "Change the existing vehicle emission charging system from the present vehicle based to vehicle type, fuel used and emission-based system plus the total km travel"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDCs%20of%20Sri%20Lanka-2021.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | Updated NDC | null | LKA |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | 2021-2030 NDC 2 Promote public passenger transport 2021-2030 2.1 Improve public road transport for reliability, affordability, accessibility, availability, comfort and safety 2.2 Improve railway transport for reliability, affordability, accessibility, availability, comfort and safety 2.3 Integrate transport modes 2021-2030 2.4 Improve last mile connectivity 2021-2030 NDC 3 Shift freight to efficient modes 2021-2030 3.1 Switch back to rail from road transport 2021-2030 3.2 Promote transporting petroleum products by pipeline 2021-2030 3.3 Introduce rail-based transport system with inland container depots 2021-2030 NDC 4 Rapid transport for passenger transport 2021-2030 4.1 Introduce Light Rail Transport in Colombo city 2021-2030 NDC 5 Promote non-motorized transport modes 2021- 2030 5.1 Promote the use of bicycles 2021-2030 5.2 Improve the facilities for pedestrian walkways 2021-2030 NDC 6 Introduce taxes and other instruments to promote public transport 2021- 2030 6.1 Change the existing vehicle emission charging system from the present vehicle based to vehicle type, fuel used and emission-based system plus the total km travel 6.2 Restrict the entry of individual modes of transport to sensitive areas and congested areas of major cities during peak hours through a levy 6.3 Develop park and ride infrastructure developments combined with Corden based pricing mechanism NDC 7 Introduce inland water transport modes 2021-2030 7.1 Introduce canal-based water transport using diesel or grid electricity-powered boat service for selected canal routes NDC 8 Modernizing and upgrading of suburban railway 2021-2030 8.1 Electrification of railway lines 2021-2030 8.2 Develop new railway lines and expansion of existing railway network 2021-2030 NDC 9 Promote electric mobility and hybrid vehicles 2021-2030 9.1 Increase tax concessions for electric & hybrid vehicles 2021-2030 9.2 Facilitate supportive infrastructure developments such as charging stations, battery swapping & replacements 9.3 Tax & Duty concessions for batteries used for electric and hybrid vehicles after introducing a specific HS code NDC 10 Improve vehicle fleet efficiency 2021-2030 10.1 Improve efficiencies of the existing vehicle fleet 2021-2030 10.2 Promote the import of fuel-efficient vehicles 2021-2030 10.3 Introduce programmes to change driver behaviours 2021-2030NDC 11 Road infrastructure development 2021-2030 11.1 Development of provincial and rural road infrastructure for improved mobility 2021-2030 11.2 Expansion of expressway network 2021-2030 NDC 12 Reduce GHG emissions from the marine sector 2021-2030 12.1 Ratify Annex VI of MARPOL convention to enforce provisions in Sri Lanka 2021-2030 12.2 Study the impact of shipping on GHG emissions (coastal traffic and ports) depending on evidence-based information and introduce measures to address the issues 12.4 Introduce energy efficiency measures and fuel quality improvement programmes to coastal shipping and fishing boats and vessels NDC 13 Generic enabling activities 2021-2030 13.1 Introduce new national policy or make amendments to relevant existing policies to promote environmentally sustainable transport modes including electric mobility and hybrid vehicles 13.2 Introduce fuel-based carbon tax 2021-2030 13.3 Include climate change measures in maritime policy making 2021-2030 It is expected that the implementation of updated NDCs will result in GHG emissions reduction against BAU scenario by 4.0% in the transport sector (1.0% unconditionally and 3.0% conditionally) equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 1,337,000 MT unconditionally and 4,011,000 MT conditionally (total of 5,348,000 MT) of carbon dioxide equivalent during the period of 2021-2030 (Figure 4.4.2). Figure 4.4.2: Emission reduction projections (Transport Sector) Fi gu re 4. | Sri Lanka | {
"answer_start": 133,
"text": "Change the existing vehicle emission charging system from the present vehicle based to vehicle type, fuel used and emission-based system plus the total km travel"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDCs%20of%20Sri%20Lanka-2021.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | Updated NDC | null | LKA |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | Potential Actions Unconditional Contribution The targeted GHG emission reduction for unconditional contributions will be implemented through a set of mitigation actions. The potential mitigations actions are elaborated in Table 4.Table 4: Possible Mitigation Actions to deliver the Unconditional Contribution Sector Description Actions by 2030 Energy Power Implementation of renewable energy projects Enhanced efficiency of existing power plants Use of improved technology for power generation Transport Improvement of fuel efficiency for transport sub- sector Increase use of less emission- based transport system and improve Inland Water Transport System Power Implementation of renewable energy projects of 911.8 MW Grid-connected Solar-581 MW, Wind-149 MW, MW, Solar Mini-grid-56.8 MW Installation of new Combined Cycle Gas based power plant (3208 MW) Efficiency improvement of Existing Gas Turbine power plant (570 MW) Installation of prepaid meter Transport Improvement of road traffic congestion (5% improvement in fuel efficiency) Widening of roads (2 to 4 lanes) and improving road quality Construct NMT and bicycle lanes Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) or congestion charging Reduction of private cars and encourage electric and hybrid vehicles Development of Urban Transport Master Plans (UTMP) to improve transport systems in line with the Urban Plan/ City Plan for all major cities and urban area Introducing Intelligent Transport System (ITS) based public transport management system to ensure better performance, enhance reliability, safety and service Modal shift from road to rail (10% modal shift of passenger-km) through different Transport projects such as BRT, MRT in major cities, Multi-modal hub creation, Padma Bridge etc. | Bangladesh | {
"answer_start": 157,
"text": "Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) or congestion charging"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDC_submission_20210826revised.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | Updated NDC | null | BGD |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | The potential mitigations actions are elaborated in Table 4.Table 4: Possible Mitigation Actions to deliver the Unconditional Contribution Sector Description Actions by 2030 Energy Power Implementation of renewable energy projects Enhanced efficiency of existing power plants Use of improved technology for power generation Transport Improvement of fuel efficiency for transport sub- sector Increase use of less emission- based transport system and improve Inland Water Transport System Power Implementation of renewable energy projects of 911.8 MW Grid-connected Solar-581 MW, Wind-149 MW, MW, Solar Mini-grid-56.8 MW Installation of new Combined Cycle Gas based power plant (3208 MW) Efficiency improvement of Existing Gas Turbine power plant (570 MW) Installation of prepaid meter Transport Improvement of road traffic congestion (5% improvement in fuel efficiency) Widening of roads (2 to 4 lanes) and improving road quality Construct NMT and bicycle lanes Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) or congestion charging Reduction of private cars and encourage electric and hybrid vehicles Development of Urban Transport Master Plans (UTMP) to improve transport systems in line with the Urban Plan/ City Plan for all major cities and urban area Introducing Intelligent Transport System (ITS) based public transport management system to ensure better performance, enhance reliability, safety and service Modal shift from road to rail (10% modal shift of passenger-km) through different Transport projects such as BRT, MRT in major cities, Multi-modal hub creation, Padma Bridge etc. Purchase of modern rolling stock and signaling system for railway Electrification of the railway system and double-Sector Description Actions by 2030 Industry Increase energy efficiency in the Industry sub-sector Agriculture Enhanced use of solar energy in Agriculture Brick Kilns Enforcement and Improved technology use Residential and Commercial Enhanced use of energy- efficient appliances in household and commercial buildings F-Gases Implement Montreal Protocol targets track construction Improved and enhanced Inland Water Transport (IWT) system (Improve navigation for regional, sub-regional, and local routes, improve maintenance of water vessel to enhance engine performance, introduce electric water vessel etc.) | Bangladesh | {
"answer_start": 136,
"text": "Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) or congestion charging"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDC_submission_20210826revised.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | Updated NDC | null | BGD |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | A set of potential mitigation actions for conditional contributions are described in Table 5. Table 5: Possible Mitigation Actions to deliver the Conditional Contribution Sector Description Actions by 2030 Energy Power Implementation of renewable Power Implementation of renewable energy projects of 4114.3Sector Description Actions by 2030 energy projects Enhanced efficiency of existing power plants Use of improved technology for Power generation Transport Improvement of fuel efficiency for transport sub- sector Increase use of less emission- based transport system and improve Inland Water Transport System MW Grid-connected Solar-2277 MW, Wind-597 MW, MW, Solar Mini-grid-56.8 MW, Waste to Electricity- Coal power plant with Ultra super critical technology- Installation of new Combined Cycle Gas based power plant (5613 MW) Efficiency improvement of Existing Gas Turbine power plant (570 MW) Installation of prepaid meter Bring down total T&D loss to a single digit by 2030 Transport Improvement of road traffic congestion (15% improvement in fuel efficiency) Widening of roads (2 to 4 lanes) and improving road quality Construct NMT and bicycle lanes Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) or congestion charging Reduction of private cars and encourage electric and hybrid vehicles Development of Urban Transport Master Plans (UTMP) to improve transport systems in line with the Urban Plan/ City Plan for all major cities and urban area Introducing Intelligent Transport System (ITS) based public transport management system to ensure better performance, enhance reliability, safety and service Establish charging station network and electric buses in major cities Modal shift from road to rail (25% modal shift of passenger-km) through different Transport projects such as BRT, MRT in major cities, Multi-modal hub creation, new bridges etc. | Bangladesh | {
"answer_start": 168,
"text": "Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) or congestion charging"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDC_submission_20210826revised.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | Updated NDC | null | BGD |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | Table 5: Possible Mitigation Actions to deliver the Conditional Contribution Sector Description Actions by 2030 Energy Power Implementation of renewable Power Implementation of renewable energy projects of 4114.3Sector Description Actions by 2030 energy projects Enhanced efficiency of existing power plants Use of improved technology for Power generation Transport Improvement of fuel efficiency for transport sub- sector Increase use of less emission- based transport system and improve Inland Water Transport System MW Grid-connected Solar-2277 MW, Wind-597 MW, MW, Solar Mini-grid-56.8 MW, Waste to Electricity- Coal power plant with Ultra super critical technology- Installation of new Combined Cycle Gas based power plant (5613 MW) Efficiency improvement of Existing Gas Turbine power plant (570 MW) Installation of prepaid meter Bring down total T&D loss to a single digit by 2030 Transport Improvement of road traffic congestion (15% improvement in fuel efficiency) Widening of roads (2 to 4 lanes) and improving road quality Construct NMT and bicycle lanes Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) or congestion charging Reduction of private cars and encourage electric and hybrid vehicles Development of Urban Transport Master Plans (UTMP) to improve transport systems in line with the Urban Plan/ City Plan for all major cities and urban area Introducing Intelligent Transport System (ITS) based public transport management system to ensure better performance, enhance reliability, safety and service Establish charging station network and electric buses in major cities Modal shift from road to rail (25% modal shift of passenger-km) through different Transport projects such as BRT, MRT in major cities, Multi-modal hub creation, new bridges etc. Purchase of modern rolling stock and signalingSector Description Actions by 2030 Industry Increase energy efficiency in Industry sub-sector Agriculture Enhanced use of solar energy in Agriculture Brick Kilns Enforcement and Improved technology use Residential and Commercial Enhanced use of energy- efficient appliances in household and commercial buildings F-Gases Further reduction of Ozone Depleting Gases Fugitive Emission Gas leakage reduction system for railway Electrification of the railway system and double- track construction Improved and enhanced Inland Water Transport (IWT) system (Improve navigation for regional, sub-regional, and local routes, improve maintenance of water vessel to enhance engine performance, introduce electric water vessel etc.) | Bangladesh | {
"answer_start": 154,
"text": "Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) or congestion charging"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDC_submission_20210826revised.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | Updated NDC | null | BGD |
A_Roadcharging | null | en-US | Oil and Gas o Improved enforcement of gas flaring restrictions o Development of Gas-to-Power Plants at Gas Flare Sites (micro grid) o Blending 10% by volume of Fuel-Ethanol with Gasoline (E10) and 20% by volume of Biodiesel with Petroleum Diesel (B20) for Transportation Fuels. 3. Agriculture and Land Use o Climate Smart Agriculture o Stop using charcoal o Benchmarking against international best practice for industrial energy usage o Adoption of green technology in industry o Modal shift from air to high speed rail o Moving freight to rail o Upgrading roads o Urban transito Toll roads/ road pricing o Increasing use of CNG o Reform petrol/ diesel subsidies The portfolio of policies and measures by sector are described in more detail below. A brief problem statement for each sector precedes them. | Nigeria | {
"answer_start": 94,
"text": "Toll roads/ road pricing"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Approved%20Nigeria%27s%20INDC_271115.pdf | For what activities are envisioned economic instruments? | 1st NDC | null | NGA |
I_Load | null | en-US | To effectively and sustainably reduce freight emissions, encourage a more pronounced modal shift for goods transport and boost the competitiveness of rail freight (install rail motorways), boost the competitiveness of river transport, encourage a shift towards alternatives to road use (aide à la pince), develop the competitiveness and attractiveness 73 In the context of the Clean Transport Development Strategy, accepted by the anaerobic digestion work group presided by Sébastien Lecornu (February-March 2018). National low carbon strategy - March 2020 74/176of port and maritime sectors, make modes of transport and networks more green, optimize the weight and volume of loads, promote research and innovation and help urban transport flow more freely and cleanly. | France | {
"answer_start": 92,
"text": "optimize the weight and volume of loads,"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/en_SNBC-2_complete.pdf | How freight efficiency improvements correlates with mitigation targets? | LTS | null | FRA |
I_Load | null | en-US | National low carbon strategy - March 2020 74/176of port and maritime sectors, make modes of transport and networks more green, optimize the weight and volume of loads, promote research and innovation and help urban transport flow more freely and cleanly. f) Guideline T 6: Manage increased demand for transport Encourage new ways of working: ◦ particularly with ambitious objectives for teleworking (for example: 50% of French teleworkers work at home on average 20% of the time, that is 10% of home-worked hours on the national scale); ◦ by introducing measures that support the development of third places, including shared work spaces and on-site services for workers. Support the rise in car sharing and other shared mobility services (carpooling etc.) | France | {
"answer_start": 20,
"text": "optimize the weight and volume of loads,"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/en_SNBC-2_complete.pdf | How freight efficiency improvements correlates with mitigation targets? | LTS | null | FRA |
I_Load | null | fr-FR | A côté d’un secteur logistique couvrant les besoins nationaux, le Luxembourg profite de son emplacement central en Europe de l’Ouest pour entretenir un centre logistique qui sert des marchés internationaux et qu’il promeut dans le cadre de sa politique de diversification économique. Dans le but de réduire l’empreinte carbone du transport de fret, les principaux champs d’action à poursuivre et à concrétiser dans une stratégie de décarbonisation à établir en coopération avec le secteur169 incluent : Concernant la distribution de marchandises et la logistique du dernier kilomètre (« last mile ») : promouvoir les véhicules propres, notamment l’électrification des flottes privées de véhicules utilitaires légers ou les vélos cargo ; mise en place de zones à basses/zéro émissions ; massification de marchandises dans un ou plusieurs centres de distribution pour permettre une distribution fine capable d’augmenter le taux de remplissage des véhicules et réduire les mouvements ; etc. | Luxembourg | {
"answer_start": 119,
"text": "massification de marchandises dans un ou plusieurs centres de distribution pour permettre une distribution fine capable d’augmenter le taux de remplissage des véhicules et réduire les mouvements"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LUX_LTS_2021.pdf | How freight efficiency improvements correlates with mitigation targets? | LTS | null | LUX |
I_Load | null | fr-FR | Dans le but de réduire l’empreinte carbone du transport de fret, les principaux champs d’action à poursuivre et à concrétiser dans une stratégie de décarbonisation à établir en coopération avec le secteur169 incluent : Concernant la distribution de marchandises et la logistique du dernier kilomètre (« last mile ») : promouvoir les véhicules propres, notamment l’électrification des flottes privées de véhicules utilitaires légers ou les vélos cargo ; mise en place de zones à basses/zéro émissions ; massification de marchandises dans un ou plusieurs centres de distribution pour permettre une distribution fine capable d’augmenter le taux de remplissage des véhicules et réduire les mouvements ; etc. ; Concernant le transport de marchandises à moyenne ou longue distance, notamment l’import et l’export de marchandises : favoriser le report modal vers les modes de transport à faible 165 La part de biocarburants de 2ème génération s’élève à 50% de l’ensemble des biocarburants mis à la consommation au Luxembourg en 2020. | Luxembourg | {
"answer_start": 77,
"text": "massification de marchandises dans un ou plusieurs centres de distribution pour permettre une distribution fine capable d’augmenter le taux de remplissage des véhicules et réduire les mouvements"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LUX_LTS_2021.pdf | How freight efficiency improvements correlates with mitigation targets? | LTS | null | LUX |
I_Load | null | en-US | (Gg) WAM scenario Increase the attractiveness and comfort of public transport at all levels: - Enable the arrival of private rail carriers on national routes; - Renew the rail carrier’s train fleet; - Support the development of public passenger rail transport (trams and trolleybuses), support the development of alternative-fuelled bus public passenger transport and support regular alternative-fuelled passenger ship transport; - Gradually reduce the procurement of public transport vehicles using fossil fuels with high greenhouse gas emissions, from public funds; - Harmonize national and local public passenger transport timetables; - Expand the Integrated transport system (IDS) to other regions; - Introduce and support flexible public passenger transport systems (bus on demand or with flexible routes), particularly in areas with low population density; - Develop Park&Ride facilities; - Carpooling; - Introduce financial and support measures to make public transport more financially attractive to the public than individual car transport. Fully electrify the railway network and make rail freight transport more attractive (including increasing its capacity) to carry goods. | Slovakia | {
"answer_start": 148,
"text": "Fully electrify the railway network and make rail freight transport more attractive (including increasing its capacity) to carry goods."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS%20SK%20eng.pdf | How freight efficiency improvements correlates with mitigation targets? | LTS | null | SVK |
I_Load | null | en-US | Fully electrify the railway network and make rail freight transport more attractive (including increasing its capacity) to carry goods. Support the development of intermodal transport, the completion of intermodal transport terminals, and diverting transit and traffic over a certain number of kilometres compulsorily to railway or waterway transport, use of alternative fuels as a priority. Lower the carbon footprint of urban public transport with available technology (electrification, bioCNG, liquid biofuels, hydrogen). Support cycling in the form of subsidies for the emergence of new cycling infrastructure and plan cycle paths in advance and support in the urban road infrastructure as one of the pillars of passenger transport in cities. Introduce bikesharing in cities and villages and its integration into the public passenger transport system. | Slovakia | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "Fully electrify the railway network and make rail freight transport more attractive (including increasing its capacity) to carry goods."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS%20SK%20eng.pdf | How freight efficiency improvements correlates with mitigation targets? | LTS | null | SVK |
I_Load | null | en-US | The Government will aim to reduce CO2 emissions in and streamline logistics by utilizing new technologies such as drones, together with platforms for sharing and setting information among operators. The Government will also take initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions by encouraging cooperation between shippers and logistics companies carrying out deliveries, to improve efficiencies in transportation and loading. The Government will also work to establish low CO2 emission transportation and delivery systems, with the collaboration of operators by combining freight and passengers on existing transportation capabilities, such as passenger railways, express buses and route busses as well as the use of the IoT. The Government will pursue the possibility of reducing CO2 emissions on highways with the commercialization of truck convoys and using double-trailers. | Japan | {
"answer_start": 29,
"text": "The Government will also take initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions by encouraging cooperation between shippers and logistics companies carrying out deliveries, to improve efficiencies in transportation and loading."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/The%20Long-term%20Strategy%20under%20the%20Paris%20Agreement.pdf | How freight efficiency improvements correlates with mitigation targets? | Archived LTS | null | JPN |
I_Load | null | en-US | The Government will aim to reduce CO2 emissions in and streamline logistics by utilizing new technologies such as drones, together with platforms for sharing and setting information among operators. The Government will also take initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions by encouraging cooperation between shippers and logistics companies carrying out deliveries, to improve efficiencies in transportation and loading. The Government will also work to establish low CO2 emission transportation and delivery systems, with the collaboration of operators by combining freight and passengers on existing transportation capabilities, such as passenger railways, express buses and route busses as well as the use of the IoT. The Government will pursue the possibility of reducing CO2 emissions on highways with the commercialization of truck convoys and using double-trailers. | Japan | {
"answer_start": 102,
"text": "The Government will pursue the possibility of reducing CO2 emissions on highways with the commercialization of truck convoys and using double-trailers."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/The%20Long-term%20Strategy%20under%20the%20Paris%20Agreement.pdf | How freight efficiency improvements correlates with mitigation targets? | Archived LTS | null | JPN |
I_Load | null | en-US | The Government will pursue the possibility of reducing CO2 emissions on highways with the commercialization of truck convoys and using double-trailers. In conjunction with this, the Government will aim to improve the efficiency of truck transportation with operations management support using ETC 2.0, as well as reviewing the special vehicle-priority permission system that enables route changes according to traffic conditions. The Government will also seek efficiency through specific studies on expressway infrastructure that supports new logistics systems. In light of the progress in autonomous driving, the AI, and the IoT related technologies, the Government will strive to optimize shipping services from an environmental perspective, in addition to promoting efforts to reduce CO2 emissions through vehicle dynamics management in vehicle operation. | Japan | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "The Government will pursue the possibility of reducing CO2 emissions on highways with the commercialization of truck convoys and using double-trailers."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/The%20Long-term%20Strategy%20under%20the%20Paris%20Agreement.pdf | How freight efficiency improvements correlates with mitigation targets? | Archived LTS | null | JPN |
T_Energy | null | en-US | To reduce Emissions Intensity of its GDP by 45 percent by 2030, from 2005 level [UPDATED]. 4. To achieve about 50 percent cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel-based energy resources by 2030, with the help of transfer of technology and low-cost international finance including from Green Climate Fund (GCF) [UPDATED]. 5. To create an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent through additional forest and tree cover by 2030. 6. To better adapt to climate change by enhancing investments in development programmes in sectors vulnerable to climate change, particularly agriculture, water resources, Himalayan region, coastal regions, health and disaster management. 7. | India | {
"answer_start": 17,
"text": "To achieve about 50 percent cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel-based energy resources by 2030, with the help of transfer of technology and low-cost international finance including from Green Climate Fund (GCF) [UPDATED]."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-08/India%20Updated%20First%20Nationally%20Determined%20Contrib.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | IND |
T_Energy | null | es-ES | Sector energía, y más concretamente acciones sobre el sector eléctrico, la movilidad y la edificación. A mediano plazo (2030) 3 Elaborado por el centro de investigación Andorra Recerca i Innovació, 2022 • Reducción 55% emisiones no absorbidas respecto escenario BAU Medio plazo 2030 • Neutralidad en carbono Largo plazo 2050Se prevé reducir la intensidad energética en un mínimo de un 20%, con un incremento de la producción eléctrica nacional (que será de más del 70% proveniente de fuentes renovables) del 33% de la demanda eléctrica. | Andorra | {
"answer_start": 50,
"text": "Se prevé reducir la intensidad energética en un mínimo de un 20%, con un incremento de la producción eléctrica nacional (que será de más del 70% proveniente de fuentes renovables) del 33% de la demanda eléctrica"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-11/20222410_Actualitzacio%20NDC.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | AND |
T_Energy | null | es-ES | A mediano plazo (2030) 3 Elaborado por el centro de investigación Andorra Recerca i Innovació, 2022 • Reducción 55% emisiones no absorbidas respecto escenario BAU Medio plazo 2030 • Neutralidad en carbono Largo plazo 2050Se prevé reducir la intensidad energética en un mínimo de un 20%, con un incremento de la producción eléctrica nacional (que será de más del 70% proveniente de fuentes renovables) del 33% de la demanda eléctrica. Tal y como se ha expuesto en el apartado de política climática, debido a la situación energética global, se ha reforzado el modelo energético sobrio y se está trabajando para favorecer las modalidades de autoconsumo a partir fuentes de energía renovables, con el objetivo de facilitar esta transición energética que nos permitirá reducir las emisiones de este sector. | Andorra | {
"answer_start": 35,
"text": "Se prevé reducir la intensidad energética en un mínimo de un 20%, con un incremento de la producción eléctrica nacional (que será de más del 70% proveniente de fuentes renovables) del 33% de la demanda eléctrica"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-11/20222410_Actualitzacio%20NDC.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | AND |
T_Energy | null | en-US | In its 2015 INDC, Armenia undertook to pursue economy-wide mitigation measures, striving to achieve per capita net emissions of 2.07 tCO2eq in 2050, 1 From year 2033, the ban will be enacted on the import of HFCs to the Republic of Armenia from the countries that are not Parties to Kigali Amendment, export to the said countries, as well as the transit transfer of HFCs through the territory of the Republic of Armenia to the said countries.subject to adequate international financial, technological and capacity-building support. 6. By 2030, Armenia is going to double its share of renewables in energy generation on the path to achieve climate neutrality in the second half of this century. 7. | Armenia | {
"answer_start": 86,
"text": "By 2030, Armenia is going to double its share of renewables in energy generation on the path to achieve climate neutrality in the second half of this century"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDC%20of%20Republic%20of%20Armenia%20%202021-2030.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | ARM |
T_Energy | null | en-US | By 2030, Armenia is going to double its share of renewables in energy generation on the path to achieve climate neutrality in the second half of this century. 7. Armenia is a land-locked country with vulnerable mountainous ecosystems, already facing negative impacts of climate change and water scarcity. Therefore, adaptation policies and measures are of paramount importance for Armenia’s ability to achieve its social and economic development goals. 8. This submission constitutes the update of the INDC, which was submitted in 2015, following guidance provided by decision 4/CMA.1, decision 9/CMA.1 and decision 18/CMA.1. It provides up-front information on the emission reductions to be achieved by 2030 and on adaptation measures to be undertaken as part of the NDC, together with information on “action and support”. 9. | Armenia | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "By 2030, Armenia is going to double its share of renewables in energy generation on the path to achieve climate neutrality in the second half of this century"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDC%20of%20Republic%20of%20Armenia%20%202021-2030.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | ARM |
T_Energy | null | en-US | A fossil fuel-free electricity sector represents a significant enhancement of the 2015 NDC target of 65% renewable energy, alongside a 22% improvement in energy efficiency in the electricity sector. Barbados’ updated conditional mitigation contribution for 2030 consists of: 1. A 95% share of renewable energy in the electricity mix 2. 100% electric or alternatively-fueled vehicles in the passenger fleet 3. A 20% increase in energy efficiency across all sectors as compared to BAU. 4. A 29% decrease in industrial, commercial and residential fuel consumption as compared to BAU 5. A 20% decrease in waste emissions As detailed in the ICTU table (below): Barbados adopts the following ambitious contributions for 2025 and 2030: ● 20% reduction relative to business-as-usual emissions in 2025 without international support (unconditional). | Barbados | {
"answer_start": 39,
"text": "A 95% share of renewable energy in the electricity mix"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/2021%20Barbados%20NDC%20update%20-%2021%20July%202021.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | BRB |
T_Energy | null | en-US | EVs are a viable transportation option for Brunei Darussalam as travelling pattern is primarily of short- distance with relatively inexpensive electricity for charging. 1.4 BNCCP Strategy 4 on Renewable Energy - Increase total share of renewable energy to at least 30% of total capacity in the power generation mix by 2035. Ensuring smooth transition towards a nationwide adoption and use of renewable energy technologies mainly solar photovoltaic (PV) will be critical to Brunei Darussalam in achieving its NDC. Currently, the only renewable energy source comes from a 1.2 MWsolar PV power plant, Tenaga Suria Brunei, located in Seria, Belait District accounting for about 0.14% of the total power generation mix. | Brunei Darussalam | {
"answer_start": 24,
"text": "BNCCP Strategy 4 on Renewable Energy - Increase total share of renewable energy to at least 30% of total capacity in the power generation mix by 2035."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Brunei%20Darussalam's%20NDC%202020.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2035 | BRN |
T_Energy | null | en-US | Proposed Electricity Generation mix – NDC targets compared to BAU21 Generation Technology BAU22 Unconditional Target Conditional Target (MW) (%) (MW) (%) (MW) (%) Due to increasing national sensitivities around social and environmental safeguards associated with large-scale hydropower infrastructure development, the government has reduced its Business as Usual (BAU) under the Myanmar National Electricity Master Plan 2014intended expansion of this energy source from a BAU of 38% to 28% (5156MW) or 31% (5676MW) under this NDC. The government is committed to reducing its reliance on coal from 33% under a BAU scenario to 20% (3620MW) as an unconditional target by 2030, but with international assistance Myanmar, has set a conditional target of 11% (2120MW). Myanmar commits to an unconditional target for new renewable energy of 11% (2000MW) by 2030. | Myanmar | {
"answer_start": 113,
"text": "Myanmar commits to an unconditional target for new renewable energy of 11% (2000MW) by 2030"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Myanmar%20Updated%20%20NDC%20July%202021.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | MMR |
T_Energy | null | en-US | Myanmar commits to an unconditional target for new renewable energy of 11% (2000MW) by 2030. With sufficient international support, Myanmar aims to increase the RE (other) contribution to 3070 MW (17% of the total energy mix) and would make a proportionate reduction in the percentage of energy generation from coal. Myanmar is eager to explore a wide range of technological innovations, first and foremost related to solar and wind energy and potentially exploring mini-hydro, biomass, tidal and other sources of renewable energy as well. Future targets for renewable energy will be achieved with technology that is most suitable at the time. The Government established a National Renewable Energy Management Committee in 2019 under the President‟s mandate to explore improvements in faster, cleaner, and cheaper energy sources. 3.1.1. | Myanmar | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "Myanmar commits to an unconditional target for new renewable energy of 11% (2000MW) by 2030"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Myanmar%20Updated%20%20NDC%20July%202021.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | MMR |
T_Energy | null | en-US | The GHG emission reduction targets in this section are all conditional upon international support (financial and technical support) made available. Coverage Energy; Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU); and Waste Single year target – 2030, including updates on 2025 targets Energy Energy Industry (Electricity Generation) By 2030, Renewable Energy Capacity Addition and substituting (replacement) of fossil fuels with Coconut (Copra) Oil based Electricity Generation: transitioning to close to 100% renewable energy in the electricity generation sector. | Vanuatu | {
"answer_start": 46,
"text": "By 2030, Renewable Energy Capacity Addition and substituting (replacement) of fossil fuels with Coconut (Copra) Oil based Electricity Generation: transitioning to close to 100% renewable energy in the electricity generation sector"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Vanuatu%E2%80%99s%20First%20Nationally%20Determined%20Contribution%20(NDC)%20(Updated%20Submission%202020).pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | VUT |
T_Energy | null | en-US | Coverage Energy; Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU); and Waste Single year target – 2030, including updates on 2025 targets Energy Energy Industry (Electricity Generation) By 2030, Renewable Energy Capacity Addition and substituting (replacement) of fossil fuels with Coconut (Copra) Oil based Electricity Generation: transitioning to close to 100% renewable energy in the electricity generation sector. Transport By 2030, 10% improvement in transport (land and marine) energy efficiency Electric Vehicles (e-Mobility): by 2030, (a) Introduce Electric Vehicles (e-buses) for public transportation (10% of total Public Buses); (b) Introduce Electric Cars (e-Cars) in Vanuatu (10% of government fleet); and (c) 1000 Electric Two wheelers (e-bikes) /Three Wheelers (e- rickshaw) By 2030, 20 % Bio-diesel (bio-fuel) Blending in Diesel By 2030, Milage and Emission Standards for Vehicles Other Sectors - Commercial, Institutional and Residential By 2030, (a) 100% electricity access by households in off-grid areas; (b) 100% electricity access by public institutions (on- and off-grid); (c) 13% electricity sector end-use efficiency; (d) 14% improve biomass end use (improved cook stoves and drying) efficiency; (e) 65% renewable electricity use by rural tourism bungalows. | Vanuatu | {
"answer_start": 26,
"text": "By 2030, Renewable Energy Capacity Addition and substituting (replacement) of fossil fuels with Coconut (Copra) Oil based Electricity Generation: transitioning to close to 100% renewable energy in the electricity generation sector"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Vanuatu%E2%80%99s%20First%20Nationally%20Determined%20Contribution%20(NDC)%20(Updated%20Submission%202020).pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | VUT |
T_Energy | null | en-US | The Government was also aware that waste management required further attention. Vanuatu Enhanced NDC (Mitigation) Type Activity-based mitigation targets, sectoral and policy targets in key sectors, including emissions reduction in some sub-sectors. The GHG emission reduction targets in this section are all conditional upon international support (financial and technical support) made available. Coverage Energy; Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU); and Waste. Timeframe From 1 January 2021 – 31 December 2030. Single year target: 2030, including updates on 2025 targets.4 VANUATU’S REVISED AND ENHANCED 1ST NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION 2021–2030 Mitigation Priority Area # Commitment Policy Notes NSDP Reference SDG Goal Most Relevant Conditionality (Expressed as %) Finance Required USD Electricity Generation M1 By 2030, Renewable Energy Capacity Addition and substituting (replacement) of fossil fuels with Coconut (Copra) Oil based Electricity Generation: transitioning to close to 100% renewable energy in the electricity generation sector. | Vanuatu | {
"answer_start": 113,
"text": "By 2030, Renewable Energy Capacity Addition and substituting (replacement) of fossil fuels with Coconut (Copra) Oil based Electricity Generation: transitioning to close to 100% renewable energy in the electricity generation sector"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-08/Vanuatu%20NDC%20Revised%20and%20Enhanced.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | VUT |
T_Energy | null | en-US | Single year target: 2030, including updates on 2025 targets.4 VANUATU’S REVISED AND ENHANCED 1ST NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION 2021–2030 Mitigation Priority Area # Commitment Policy Notes NSDP Reference SDG Goal Most Relevant Conditionality (Expressed as %) Finance Required USD Electricity Generation M1 By 2030, Renewable Energy Capacity Addition and substituting (replacement) of fossil fuels with Coconut (Copra) Oil based Electricity Generation: transitioning to close to 100% renewable energy in the electricity generation sector. NA ECO 2.3 100 Already budgeted under NERM in transport (land and marine) energy efficiency. NA ECO 2.2 100 Already budgeted under NERM M3 Electric Vehicles (e-mobility): by 2030, (a) Introduce e-buses for public transportation (10% of total public buses); (b) Introduce e-cars in Vanuatu (10% of government fleet); and (c) 1000 electric two wheelers (e-bikes)/three wheelers (e-rickshaw). (bio-fuel) blending in diesel. M5 By 2030, Mileage and Emission Standards for Vehicles. | Vanuatu | {
"answer_start": 41,
"text": "By 2030, Renewable Energy Capacity Addition and substituting (replacement) of fossil fuels with Coconut (Copra) Oil based Electricity Generation: transitioning to close to 100% renewable energy in the electricity generation sector"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-08/Vanuatu%20NDC%20Revised%20and%20Enhanced.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | VUT |
T_Energy | null | en-US | 2 First NDC available at: SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events • Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide • Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel • Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions of black carbon • Reduced emissions of HFCs • Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns • Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports • Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover • Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods • Preservation of food supply/security • Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems • Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems • Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions • Reduction of coastal erosion • Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection • Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions from fishing fuel • Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides • Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock • Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) • Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3. | Micronesia | {
"answer_start": 107,
"text": "By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | FSM |
T_Energy | null | en-US | SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events • Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide • Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel • Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions of black carbon • Reduced emissions of HFCs • Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns • Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports • Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover • Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods • Preservation of food supply/security • Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems • Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems • Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions • Reduction of coastal erosion • Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection • Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions from fishing fuel • Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides • Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock • Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) • Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3. NATIONAL CONTEXT Geography, Political Organization, and Economy The FSM is an archipelagic nation in the Western Pacific Ocean. | Micronesia | {
"answer_start": 102,
"text": "By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | FSM |
T_Energy | null | en-US | The goal of the project is to help the FSM achieve its energy efficiency targets within three years. Contributions Conditional By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Climate Change Co-benefits Mitigation Adaptation • Carbon dioxide emissions reductions • Reduced demand for and use of diesel fuel • Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see SLCP section) • Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events • Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Means of Implementation Requirements The FSM National Energy Master Plans estimate an approximate cost of USD 296 million to implement the plans over a 20-year period, plus an added cost of approximately 5% of the total budget to provide additional capacity building and technical assistance—e.g., for coordinating and monitoring implementation—over the course of the projects. | Micronesia | {
"answer_start": 30,
"text": "By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | FSM |
T_Energy | null | en-US | Contributions Conditional By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Climate Change Co-benefits Mitigation Adaptation • Carbon dioxide emissions reductions • Reduced demand for and use of diesel fuel • Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see SLCP section) • Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events • Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Means of Implementation Requirements The FSM National Energy Master Plans estimate an approximate cost of USD 296 million to implement the plans over a 20-year period, plus an added cost of approximately 5% of the total budget to provide additional capacity building and technical assistance—e.g., for coordinating and monitoring implementation—over the course of the projects. Relevant SDGs Gender equality is advanced through a capacity building program focused on increasing the number of women working in the energy sector. | Micronesia | {
"answer_start": 12,
"text": "By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | 2030 | FSM |
T_Energy | null | es-ES | 13 Nuestro país continuará abierto a la colaboración internacional, y buscará alianzas estratégicas en pleno respeto de la soberanía nacional, que fomenten la energía renovable. Se destaca en este rubro de cooperación internacional la meta de integrar 40 GW de capacidad de energías limpias, movilizando financiamiento climático, en el marco de la consolidación de una región norteamericana próspera y sustentable con Estados Unidos y Canadá. Un ejemplo de ello es el Plan Sonora, ya en marcha, que busca la colaboración binacional con Estados Unidos, y con los actores locales, en beneficio del pueblo de México, su medio ambiente y en el marco de la lucha global contra el cambio climático. | Mexico | {
"answer_start": 33,
"text": "la meta de integrar 40 GW de capacidad de energías limpias"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-11/Mexico_NDC_UNFCCC_update2022_FINAL.pdf | Which energy target can be identified? | Updated NDC | null | MEX |
S_Parking | null | en-US | ⢠Transport infrastructure in cities and municipalities is smart and optimised A developed park and ride infrastructure, as well as multi-modal centres provide an opportunity to choose the mode of transportation that is most appropriate for the distance and route necessary. The route network of the public transport system is extensive and comprehensive, it offers the necessary level of comfort to the customers and is extensively used. Streets in cities are planned so that people have convenient and safe alternatives for reaching the final destination with public transport, shared vehicle, bicycle, on foot, leaving the private vehicle at a conveniently available site in case of necessity. | Latvia | {
"answer_start": 11,
"text": "A developed park and ride infrastructure, as well as multi-modal centres provide an opportunity to choose the mode of transportation that is most appropriate for the distance and route necessary. The route network of the public transport system is extensive and comprehensive, it offers the necessary level of comfort to the customers and is extensively used."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS1_Latvia.pdf | What changes are considered for transport demand management? | LTS | null | LVA |
S_Parking | null | en-US | In order to achieve climate neutrality, it will be desirable to effectively set up a long-term and predictable framework for financial support. CO2 eq. (Gg) WAM scenario Increase the attractiveness and comfort of public transport at all levels: - Enable the arrival of private rail carriers on national routes; - Renew the rail carrier’s train fleet; - Support the development of public passenger rail transport (trams and trolleybuses), support the development of alternative-fuelled bus public passenger transport and support regular alternative-fuelled passenger ship transport; - Gradually reduce the procurement of public transport vehicles using fossil fuels with high greenhouse gas emissions, from public funds; - Harmonize national and local public passenger transport timetables; - Expand the Integrated transport system (IDS) to other regions; - Introduce and support flexible public passenger transport systems (bus on demand or with flexible routes), particularly in areas with low population density; - Develop Park&Ride facilities; - Carpooling; - Introduce financial and support measures to make public transport more financially attractive to the public than individual car transport. | Slovakia | {
"answer_start": 147,
"text": "Develop Park&Ride facilities"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS%20SK%20eng.pdf | What changes are considered for transport demand management? | LTS | null | SVK |
S_Parking | null | en-US | (Gg) WAM scenario Increase the attractiveness and comfort of public transport at all levels: - Enable the arrival of private rail carriers on national routes; - Renew the rail carrier’s train fleet; - Support the development of public passenger rail transport (trams and trolleybuses), support the development of alternative-fuelled bus public passenger transport and support regular alternative-fuelled passenger ship transport; - Gradually reduce the procurement of public transport vehicles using fossil fuels with high greenhouse gas emissions, from public funds; - Harmonize national and local public passenger transport timetables; - Expand the Integrated transport system (IDS) to other regions; - Introduce and support flexible public passenger transport systems (bus on demand or with flexible routes), particularly in areas with low population density; - Develop Park&Ride facilities; - Carpooling; - Introduce financial and support measures to make public transport more financially attractive to the public than individual car transport. Fully electrify the railway network and make rail freight transport more attractive (including increasing its capacity) to carry goods. | Slovakia | {
"answer_start": 123,
"text": "Develop Park&Ride facilities"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS%20SK%20eng.pdf | What changes are considered for transport demand management? | LTS | null | SVK |
S_Parking | null | en-US | Toll charges will also include an environmental element in passenger transport and will analyse other ways of using economic instruments in accordance with the Polluter Pays principle. Support individual automobile transport regulations, in particular in the form of a parking policy (charges for parking, ban on parking on pavements) through the standardization of parking policy throughout the Slovak Republic, while respecting technical standards governing the construction of parking places STN 73 6110 /Z1/O1. Introduce low-emission zones in municipalities, including charging for entry into these zones and traffic calming in settlements (the introduction of functional 30 zones and cycling streets, including transport-technical facilities). | Slovakia | {
"answer_start": 27,
"text": "Support individual automobile transport regulations, in particular in the form of a parking policy (charges for parking, ban on parking on pavements) through the standardization of parking policy throughout the Slovak Republic, while respecting technical standards governing the construction of parking places STN 73 6110 /Z1/O1."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS%20SK%20eng.pdf | What changes are considered for transport demand management? | LTS | null | SVK |
S_Parking | null | en-US | Develop infrastructure for alternative fuels more quickly and reconstruct the road network to reduce fuel consumption in order to increase support for the development of alternative-fuel cars. Set up financial support mechanisms from the EU and Slovakia so that they can finance as many decarbonisation measures in the transport sector as possible, including reducing the administrative burden when submitting projects. Remove legislative barriers to the use of underground car parks for CNG, LPG, and hydrogen vehicles (the Fire Act, amendment to the Building Act, etc.). | Slovakia | {
"answer_start": 60,
"text": "Remove legislative barriers to the use of underground car parks for CNG, LPG, and hydrogen vehicles (the Fire Act, amendment to the Building Act, etc.)."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS%20SK%20eng.pdf | What changes are considered for transport demand management? | LTS | null | SVK |
S_Parking | null | en-US | Remove legislative barriers to the use of underground car parks for CNG, LPG, and hydrogen vehicles (the Fire Act, amendment to the Building Act, etc.). 36 Directive restructuring the Community framework for the taxation of energy products and electricity, taking into account the reduction of emissions and the minimum rates of excise duties on energy products Prepare and strictly implement the revised Directive 2009/33 on the promotion of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehicles. Promote the application of green public procurement. Reduce aviation emissions. Support the construction of infrastructure for waterway transport enabling the operation of alternative fuel vessels in inland waterway transport and encourage carriers/operators of inland waterway vessels to remotorise their alternative-fuel vessels. Raise awareness of eco-driving (so-called eco-driving). | Slovakia | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "Remove legislative barriers to the use of underground car parks for CNG, LPG, and hydrogen vehicles (the Fire Act, amendment to the Building Act, etc.)."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS%20SK%20eng.pdf | What changes are considered for transport demand management? | LTS | null | SVK |
S_Parking | null | en-US | Table 4.4.2: NDCs in Transport Sector NDC # NDCs and Actions Timeline NDC 1 Transport sector system improvement 2021-2030 1.1 Avoid the need to travel 2021-2030 1.2 Reduce commuting distances and travel time 2021-2030 1.3 Improve traffic and traffic light management 2021- 2030 1.5 Introduce intelligent transport management systems 2021-2030 1.6 Improve road architecture (road designs, road signs, signaling, signage, etc.) 2021-2030 NDC 2 Promote public passenger transport 2021-2030 2.1 Improve public road transport for reliability, affordability, accessibility, availability, comfort and safety 2.2 Improve railway transport for reliability, affordability, accessibility, availability, comfort and safety 2.3 Integrate transport modes 2021-2030 2.4 Improve last mile connectivity 2021-2030 NDC 3 Shift freight to efficient modes 2021-2030 3.1 Switch back to rail from road transport 2021-2030 3.2 Promote transporting petroleum products by pipeline 2021-2030 3.3 Introduce rail-based transport system with inland container depots 2021-2030 NDC 4 Rapid transport for passenger transport 2021-2030 4.1 Introduce Light Rail Transport in Colombo city 2021-2030 NDC 5 Promote non-motorized transport modes 2021- 2030 5.1 Promote the use of bicycles 2021-2030 5.2 Improve the facilities for pedestrian walkways 2021-2030 NDC 6 Introduce taxes and other instruments to promote public transport 2021- 2030 6.1 Change the existing vehicle emission charging system from the present vehicle based to vehicle type, fuel used and emission-based system plus the total km travel 6.2 Restrict the entry of individual modes of transport to sensitive areas and congested areas of major cities during peak hours through a levy 6.3 Develop park and ride infrastructure developments combined with Corden based pricing mechanism NDC 7 Introduce inland water transport modes 2021-2030 7.1 Introduce canal-based water transport using diesel or grid electricity-powered boat service for selected canal routes NDC 8 Modernizing and upgrading of suburban railway 2021-2030 8.1 Electrification of railway lines 2021-2030 8.2 Develop new railway lines and expansion of existing railway network 2021-2030 NDC 9 Promote electric mobility and hybrid vehicles 2021-2030 9.1 Increase tax concessions for electric & hybrid vehicles 2021-2030 9.2 Facilitate supportive infrastructure developments such as charging stations, battery swapping & replacements 9.3 Tax & Duty concessions for batteries used for electric and hybrid vehicles after introducing a specific HS code NDC 10 Improve vehicle fleet efficiency 2021-2030 10.1 Improve efficiencies of the existing vehicle fleet 2021-2030 10.2 Promote the import of fuel-efficient vehicles 2021-2030 10.3 Introduce programmes to change driver behaviours 2021-2030NDC 11 Road infrastructure development 2021-2030 11.1 Development of provincial and rural road infrastructure for improved mobility 2021-2030 11.2 Expansion of expressway network 2021-2030 NDC 12 Reduce GHG emissions from the marine sector 2021-2030 12.1 Ratify Annex VI of MARPOL convention to enforce provisions in Sri Lanka 2021-2030 12.2 Study the impact of shipping on GHG emissions (coastal traffic and ports) depending on evidence-based information and introduce measures to address the issues 12.4 Introduce energy efficiency measures and fuel quality improvement programmes to coastal shipping and fishing boats and vessels NDC 13 Generic enabling activities 2021-2030 13.1 Introduce new national policy or make amendments to relevant existing policies to promote environmentally sustainable transport modes including electric mobility and hybrid vehicles 13.2 Introduce fuel-based carbon tax 2021-2030 13.3 Include climate change measures in maritime policy making 2021-2030 It is expected that the implementation of updated NDCs will result in GHG emissions reduction against BAU scenario by 4.0% in the transport sector (1.0% unconditionally and 3.0% conditionally) equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 1,337,000 MT unconditionally and 4,011,000 MT conditionally (total of 5,348,000 MT) of carbon dioxide equivalent during the period of 2021-2030 (Figure 4.4.2). | Sri Lanka | {
"answer_start": 244,
"text": "Develop park and ride infrastructure developments combined with Corden based pricing mechanism"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDCs%20of%20Sri%20Lanka-2021.pdf | What changes are considered for transport demand management? | Updated NDC | null | LKA |
S_Parking | null | en-US | 2021-2030 NDC 2 Promote public passenger transport 2021-2030 2.1 Improve public road transport for reliability, affordability, accessibility, availability, comfort and safety 2.2 Improve railway transport for reliability, affordability, accessibility, availability, comfort and safety 2.3 Integrate transport modes 2021-2030 2.4 Improve last mile connectivity 2021-2030 NDC 3 Shift freight to efficient modes 2021-2030 3.1 Switch back to rail from road transport 2021-2030 3.2 Promote transporting petroleum products by pipeline 2021-2030 3.3 Introduce rail-based transport system with inland container depots 2021-2030 NDC 4 Rapid transport for passenger transport 2021-2030 4.1 Introduce Light Rail Transport in Colombo city 2021-2030 NDC 5 Promote non-motorized transport modes 2021- 2030 5.1 Promote the use of bicycles 2021-2030 5.2 Improve the facilities for pedestrian walkways 2021-2030 NDC 6 Introduce taxes and other instruments to promote public transport 2021- 2030 6.1 Change the existing vehicle emission charging system from the present vehicle based to vehicle type, fuel used and emission-based system plus the total km travel 6.2 Restrict the entry of individual modes of transport to sensitive areas and congested areas of major cities during peak hours through a levy 6.3 Develop park and ride infrastructure developments combined with Corden based pricing mechanism NDC 7 Introduce inland water transport modes 2021-2030 7.1 Introduce canal-based water transport using diesel or grid electricity-powered boat service for selected canal routes NDC 8 Modernizing and upgrading of suburban railway 2021-2030 8.1 Electrification of railway lines 2021-2030 8.2 Develop new railway lines and expansion of existing railway network 2021-2030 NDC 9 Promote electric mobility and hybrid vehicles 2021-2030 9.1 Increase tax concessions for electric & hybrid vehicles 2021-2030 9.2 Facilitate supportive infrastructure developments such as charging stations, battery swapping & replacements 9.3 Tax & Duty concessions for batteries used for electric and hybrid vehicles after introducing a specific HS code NDC 10 Improve vehicle fleet efficiency 2021-2030 10.1 Improve efficiencies of the existing vehicle fleet 2021-2030 10.2 Promote the import of fuel-efficient vehicles 2021-2030 10.3 Introduce programmes to change driver behaviours 2021-2030NDC 11 Road infrastructure development 2021-2030 11.1 Development of provincial and rural road infrastructure for improved mobility 2021-2030 11.2 Expansion of expressway network 2021-2030 NDC 12 Reduce GHG emissions from the marine sector 2021-2030 12.1 Ratify Annex VI of MARPOL convention to enforce provisions in Sri Lanka 2021-2030 12.2 Study the impact of shipping on GHG emissions (coastal traffic and ports) depending on evidence-based information and introduce measures to address the issues 12.4 Introduce energy efficiency measures and fuel quality improvement programmes to coastal shipping and fishing boats and vessels NDC 13 Generic enabling activities 2021-2030 13.1 Introduce new national policy or make amendments to relevant existing policies to promote environmentally sustainable transport modes including electric mobility and hybrid vehicles 13.2 Introduce fuel-based carbon tax 2021-2030 13.3 Include climate change measures in maritime policy making 2021-2030 It is expected that the implementation of updated NDCs will result in GHG emissions reduction against BAU scenario by 4.0% in the transport sector (1.0% unconditionally and 3.0% conditionally) equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 1,337,000 MT unconditionally and 4,011,000 MT conditionally (total of 5,348,000 MT) of carbon dioxide equivalent during the period of 2021-2030 (Figure 4.4.2). Figure 4.4.2: Emission reduction projections (Transport Sector) Fi gu re 4. | Sri Lanka | {
"answer_start": 183,
"text": "Develop park and ride infrastructure developments combined with Corden based pricing mechanism"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDCs%20of%20Sri%20Lanka-2021.pdf | What changes are considered for transport demand management? | Updated NDC | null | LKA |
S_Parking | null | en-US | Shift passengers from private to public transport modes. 4.1 Introduce park & ride system, 4.2 Establish bus depots next to railway stations 5. Enhance the efficiency and quality of public transport modes. 5.1 Electrification of the railway system from Veyangoda to Panadura, 5.2 Purchase new rolling stock for Sri Lanka Railway, 5.3 Rehabilitate the Kelani Valley railway line. 6. Reduction of GHG emissions in the maritime sector. 6.1 Implement international laws and regulations on maritime safety & security related to climate change, 6.2 Maintain international standards related to climate change in maritime transportation. 7. | Sri Lanka | {
"answer_start": 9,
"text": "Introduce Park & Ride system"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDCs%20of%20Sri%20Lanka.pdf | What changes are considered for transport demand management? | 1st NDC | null | LKA |
B_Access | null | en-US | Taking into consideration the high-capacity technologies of variable RES (solar and wind energy) installed, electricity accumulation technologies are commercially developed and introduced. 6.4. Resource-efficient and Environmentally Friendly Transport In 2050, the transport sector is decarbonised which is mainly achieved owing to different initiatives and innovations in the transport infrastructure and vehicle technologies, as well as owing to changes in everyday habits of the society. ⢠Road transport is mainly electrified and charging infrastructure is widely accessible Convenient, fast, economically advantageous, environment-friendly vehicles, as well as safe transport connections among the countries and inside them are accessible to the society. Promotion of the use of non-fossil fuels is one of the main measures for reducing the negative environmental impact of the transport sector. | Latvia | {
"answer_start": 76,
"text": "Convenient, fast, economically advantageous, environment-friendly vehicles, as well as safe transport connections among the countries and inside them are accessible to the society"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS1_Latvia.pdf | Is there any Improved accessibility benefit? | LTS | null | LVA |
B_Access | null | en-US | For example, by reducing the reliance on biomass as an energy source. Women are also often responsible for the majority of household energy-related decisions in rural areas. Gender equality can be encouraged in mitigation actions such as through eco-payments. In the transport sector, women generally use public transport more than men. Ensuring safe, efficient and comfortable transport for women may increase their access to higher education centres, skills development centres and other resources in urban areas. Women constitute a higher proportion of the working population in agriculture, and the forestry sector is seen as providing strong opportunities to improve gender balance. In the forestry sector, and particularly for REDD+, there is a need to recognise the diversity of stakeholders, particularly among forest communities. | Cambodia | {
"answer_start": 39,
"text": "In the transport sector, women generally use public transport more than men. Ensuring safe, efficient and comfortable transport for women may increase their access to higher education centres, skills development centres and other resources in urban areas."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/20201231_NDC_Update_Cambodia.pdf | Is there any Improved accessibility benefit? | Updated NDC | null | KHM |
B_Access | null | en-US | Transport Improve understanding of climate change- related risks and support planning capacities for climate-resilient infrastructure in the transport sector - Provide training to decision-makers managing the construction of transport infrastructure on climate risk impacts; - Undertake periodic assessments of the level of resilience to climate change impact of the transport infrastructure; - Produce a research-analysis-assessment platform on climate change risks with impact on transport infrastructure, involving insurance companies; - Communicate transport sector climate risks to the targeted audience and general pubic using georeferenced data on climate hazards, social and gender vulnerabilities, risk mapping covering different scenarios of threats, other tools.Sectors Sectorial adaptation priorities Main activities and actions in support of adaptation priorities - Carry out research on the design and development of advanced materials and technologies aimed at increasing the resistance of roads, railways, aerodromes, ports to climate hazards; - Adjust urban and land-use planning to future climate change-related risks for transport infrastructure (roads, bridges, railways, waterways, aerodromes); - Promote funding schemes to support climate action that fit specific transport sector related needs, geographic area, other specifics. Improve access to climate-resilient and safe public transport - Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all, as well as improving road safety, in particular by expanding the public transport system; - Promote a well-developed cycling path network, accessible pedestrian routes; - Promote more sustainable consumer behavior in using transport. | Republic of Moldova | {
"answer_start": 186,
"text": "Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/MD_Updated_NDC_final_version_EN.pdf | Is there any Improved accessibility benefit? | Updated NDC | null | MDA |
B_Access | null | en-US | Improve access to climate-resilient and safe public transport - Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all, as well as improving road safety, in particular by expanding the public transport system; - Promote a well-developed cycling path network, accessible pedestrian routes; - Promote more sustainable consumer behavior in using transport. Create sustainable transport infrastructure - Implement adaptation measures to combat the effect of temperature variation: heat- tolerant streets and highways, landscape protection, heat-resilient paving materials; milling out ruts; shifting construction schedules to cooler parts of the day; design for higher maximum temperatures in replacement or new construction; adaptation of cooling systems; - Promote and implement adaptation solutions for extreme precipitations such as climate-resilient paving materials and overlay with more rut-resilient asphalt; use of the most efficient technologies to assure sealing and renewal of asphalt concrete; wider use of efficient road maintenance methods, including preventive and corrective maintenance; improve flood protection; greater use of sensors for monitoring water flows; upgrading of road drainage systems and improved collection and disposal of rainwater from the roads; pavement grooving and sloping; implement increased standards for drainage capacity for new transportation infrastructure and major rehabilitation projects; - Identification and implementation of corporate management and advanced technological models for the management of transport infrastructure in response to the impact of climate change; - Purchase the necessary equipment for cleaning and widening riverbeds, and the development of a system for navigation monitoring, etc. | Republic of Moldova | {
"answer_start": 9,
"text": "Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/MD_Updated_NDC_final_version_EN.pdf | Is there any Improved accessibility benefit? | Updated NDC | null | MDA |
B_Congestion | null | en-US | Electrification of ports reduces emissions from ships standing in ports, thus decreasing the negative impact of ports on the surrounding environment and climate. ⢠Sustainable and environmentally friendly mobility of inhabitants has been ensured The public transport system is efficient and sustainable, thus successfully competing with the private transport. The public transport is co-modal64 and sustainable, thus successfully competing with the private transport. It has reduced traffic jams and GHG emissions generated by road transport, significantly improved air quality in cities and the attractiveness of urban environment. The park and ride system has significantly expanded, the use of bicycles, scooters, segways, and other inventory has increased, and attractive circumstances for pedestrians have sensors (road weather stations, video cameras, traffic counters, etc. | Latvia | {
"answer_start": 49,
"text": "The public transport is co-modal64 and sustainable, thus successfully competing with the private transport. It has reduced traffic jams and GHG emissions generated by road transport, significantly improved air quality in cities and the attractiveness of urban environment."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS1_Latvia.pdf | Is there any Congestion reduction? | LTS | null | LVA |
B_Congestion | null | fr-FR | Pour parvenir à la neutralité climatique d’ici à 2050, le défi consiste donc à inverser cette tendance et à tout mettre en œuvre pour décarboniser le système de mobilité. Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion routière, des nuisances sonores et du nombre d’accidents ou encore une baisse voire la suppression des capacités de stockage pour produits pétroliers, générant ainsi des bienfaits pour la santé et des améliorations de la qualité de la vie des citoyens. | Luxembourg | {
"answer_start": 29,
"text": "Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion routière"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LUX_LTS_2021.pdf | Is there any Congestion reduction? | LTS | null | LUX |
B_Congestion | null | fr-FR | Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion routière, des nuisances sonores et du nombre d’accidents ou encore une baisse voire la suppression des capacités de stockage pour produits pétroliers, générant ainsi des bienfaits pour la santé et des améliorations de la qualité de la vie des citoyens. Bien qu’il soit impératif que les prix reflètent les coûts réels147 des différents modes de transport, notamment par le biais d’une politique fiscale appropriée, incluant la taxation des carburants et des véhicules, le développement et la mise en œuvre de solutions incitant les usagers à modifier leurs habitudes en termes de mobilité sont primordiaux. | Luxembourg | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion routière"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LUX_LTS_2021.pdf | Is there any Congestion reduction? | LTS | null | LUX |
B_Congestion | null | en-US | • We cannot simply rely on the electrification of road transport, or believe that zero emission cars and lorries will solve all our problems. As we build back better from the pandemic, it will be essential to avoid a car-led recovery. Alongside road vehicle decarbonisation, we must increase the share of trips taken by public transport, cycling and walking. We want to make these modes the natural first choice for all who can take them. As more journeys are cycled or walked, and taken by public transport, the carbon, air quality, noise and congestion benefits will be complemented by significant improvements in public health and wellbeing. • We will support and encourage modal shift of freight from road to more sustainable alternatives, such as rail, cargo bikes and inland waterways. | United Kingdom | {
"answer_start": 75,
"text": "As more journeys are cycled or walked, and taken by public transport, the carbon, air quality, noise and congestion benefits will be complemented by significant improvements in public health and wellbeing"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/UK%20Net%20Zero%20Strategy%20-%20Build%20Back%20Greener.pdf | Is there any Congestion reduction? | LTS | null | GBR |
B_Congestion | null | en-US | Table 4: Possible mitigation actions to deliver the conditional contribution Sector Description Objectives of the activity by 2030 Power Ensure all new coal generation uses super-critical technology Increased penetration of wind power Implement grid-connected solar plant to diversify the existing electricity generation mix 100% of new coal based power plants use super-critical technology by 2030 400 MW of wind generating capacity by 2030 1000 MW of utility-scale solar power plant Transport Modal shift from road to rail, delivered through a range of measures, including underground metro systems and bus rapid transit systems in urban areas. Co-benefits will include reduced congestion, improved air quality and improved traffic safety. Reduced congestion and improved running of traffic. This will be achieved by a number of measures, including building of expressways to relieve congestion and public transport measures. | Bangladesh | {
"answer_start": 102,
"text": "Co-benefits will include reduced congestion, improved air quality and improved traffic safety."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC_2015_of_Bangladesh.pdf | Is there any Congestion reduction? | 1st NDC | null | BGD |
B_Congestion | null | en-US | Ten actions account for over 90 percent of total costs and benefits, covering both public and private costs. Actions with the highest net benefits are at the bottom of the figure; actions with the highest net costs are at the top. Major costs are from lost timber and farming revenues arising from reduced deforestation, along with expenditures on carbon capture and storage and to some extent for public transportation over the first decade. Forest restoration also requires net costs in the same period. Four actions would deliver substantial net benefits. Public transportation benefits arise from reduced vehicle operation costs, and time savings among commuters on all modes of transportation due to lower congestion. Renewable energy is profitable through most of the time. | Cambodia | {
"answer_start": 90,
"text": "Public transportation benefits arise from reduced vehicle operation costs, and time savings among commuters on all modes of transportation due to lower congestion."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/KHM_LTS_Dec2021.pdf | Is there any Congestion reduction? | LTS | null | KHM |
B_Congestion | null | fr-FR | La mise en œuvre programme national d’efficacité énergétique dans le transport, le contrôle technique obligatoire et les formations en éco-conduite sont des mesures qui participent à atteindre des objectifs de la CDN. Tableau 8: Coûts d’investissements total du sous-secteur transport Actions CDN révisées Coûts d’investis sements Inconditionne l Conditionnel Coût d’investissem ent Total % Coûts % Coûts Coût de mise en œuvre Programme de mobilité verte Amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains Source : Projet d’appui aux CDN, septembre 2021 Le montant total des besoins financiers dans le sous-secteur de transport est évalué engendrer une réduction d’émissions cumulées de 9 960,04 Gg CO2-eq sur la période 2020-2030 par rapport à un scénario « business as usual » à travers les projets déclinés en annexe. 5.1.1.3. Sous-secteur résidentiel Les lieux de résidence et de commerce contribuent aux émissions des GES à cause du niveau de consommation d’énergie. | Togo | {
"answer_start": 66,
"text": "Amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/CDN%20Revis%C3%A9es_Togo_Document%20int%C3%A9rimaire_rv_11%2010%2021.pdf | Is there any Congestion reduction? | Updated NDC | null | TGO |
B_Congestion | null | fr-FR | ¯ Pour le secteur Ressources en eau : 1) mini-adduction d’eau potable, 2) réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface et 3) drainage gravitaire des eaux de pluies. Le tableau 17 résume les coûts des besoins issus de cette évaluation.Tableau 17: Coûts de transfert de technologie Secteurs Mesure technologique proposée Investisseme nt (en millions de $) Coût de mise en œuvre ( Total (en millions de $) ENERGIE Mise en œuvre du Plan d’actions pour la technologie Centrale Hydroélectrique de grande puissance (CHGP) Plan d’actions pour la technologie solaire photovoltaïque (PV) raccordé au réseau (SPRR) Plan d’actions pour la technologie Petite ou Mini centrale hydroélectrique (PMCH) TRANSPORT Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers AGRICULTURE Plan d’actions pour la technologie Aménagement des Terres Agricoles (ATA) 2,818 0,4227 3,2407 Plan d’actions de la technologie Système Intégré de production agricole (SIPA) 2,284 0,3426 2,6266 Plan d’actions de la technologie de l Agriculture de contre saison (ACS) 26,442 3,9663 30,4083 RESSOURCES EN EAU Plan d’actions pour la technologie des Mini-adduction d’eau potable 1,348 0,2022 1,5502 Plan d’actions technologiques pour la technologie réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface Plan d’actions technologiques pour le drainage gravitaire des eaux pluviales 1,066 0,1599 1,2259 Source : Projet d’appui aux CDN, septembre 2021Le coût total estimé dans le plan d’action EBT est de 57 ,812 millions de dollars. | Togo | {
"answer_start": 111,
"text": "Amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/CDN%20Revis%C3%A9es_Togo_Document%20int%C3%A9rimaire_rv_11%2010%2021.pdf | Is there any Congestion reduction? | Updated NDC | null | TGO |
B_Congestion | null | fr-FR | Le tableau 17 résume les coûts des besoins issus de cette évaluation.Tableau 17: Coûts de transfert de technologie Secteurs Mesure technologique proposée Investisseme nt (en millions de $) Coût de mise en œuvre ( Total (en millions de $) ENERGIE Mise en œuvre du Plan d’actions pour la technologie Centrale Hydroélectrique de grande puissance (CHGP) Plan d’actions pour la technologie solaire photovoltaïque (PV) raccordé au réseau (SPRR) Plan d’actions pour la technologie Petite ou Mini centrale hydroélectrique (PMCH) TRANSPORT Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers AGRICULTURE Plan d’actions pour la technologie Aménagement des Terres Agricoles (ATA) 2,818 0,4227 3,2407 Plan d’actions de la technologie Système Intégré de production agricole (SIPA) 2,284 0,3426 2,6266 Plan d’actions de la technologie de l Agriculture de contre saison (ACS) 26,442 3,9663 30,4083 RESSOURCES EN EAU Plan d’actions pour la technologie des Mini-adduction d’eau potable 1,348 0,2022 1,5502 Plan d’actions technologiques pour la technologie réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface Plan d’actions technologiques pour le drainage gravitaire des eaux pluviales 1,066 0,1599 1,2259 Source : Projet d’appui aux CDN, septembre 2021Le coût total estimé dans le plan d’action EBT est de 57 ,812 millions de dollars. Il faut souligner que pour des raisons d’inflation et de coût de mise en œuvre, ce montant sera majoré de 15% du capital. | Togo | {
"answer_start": 84,
"text": "Amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/CDN%20Revis%C3%A9es_Togo_Document%20int%C3%A9rimaire_rv_11%2010%2021.pdf | Is there any Congestion reduction? | Updated NDC | null | TGO |
B_Congestion | null | en-US | The use of alternative and renewable energy sources Development and application of technical and normative legal documents on the use of alternative and renewable energy sources based on conducted assessment, acceleration of works to supply of renewable energy for the heating system for the population, enhancement of use of innovative technologies, construction of small hydro power plants (HPPs) on small rivers, irrigation canals and water basins, as well as, use of biomass, solar power, electric and heat energy, wind power, heat pumps and geothermal energy in all sectors of economy. Transport sector Use of environmentally friendly forms of transport, enhancement of the use of electric vehicles at public transportation, electrification of railway lines and the transition to alternative current system in traction, improvement and expansion of the scope of intellectual transport management system, development of metro transport and increase of a number of metro stations, elimination of traffic jams due to the construction of road junctions and underground and surface pedestrian crossings. | Azerbaijan | {
"answer_start": 145,
"text": "Elimination of traffic jams due to the construction of road junctions"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Azerbaijan.pdf | Is there any Congestion reduction? | 1st NDC | null | AZE |
B_Congestion | null | en-US | Transport sector Use of environmentally friendly forms of transport, enhancement of the use of electric vehicles at public transportation, electrification of railway lines and the transition to alternative current system in traction, improvement and expansion of the scope of intellectual transport management system, development of metro transport and increase of a number of metro stations, elimination of traffic jams due to the construction of road junctions and underground and surface pedestrian crossings. Agricultural sector Collect methane gas from manure of livestock and poultry, use of alternative sources of energy and modern technologies. Waste sector Develop modern solid waste management system at big cities of the country. | Azerbaijan | {
"answer_start": 55,
"text": "Elimination of traffic jams due to the construction of road junctions"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Azerbaijan.pdf | Is there any Congestion reduction? | 1st NDC | null | AZE |
T_Adaptation_C | null | en-US | • Strengthening of the institutional and legal situation at national and municipal levels; by 2025. o Include in the sectoral strategies and policies at the national level climate adaptation strategies and policies. HEALTH Adaptation Targets In the Health sector, Liberia commits to the following adaptation targets to increase the ability of Liberian communities and health systems to adapt to the impacts of climate change: • Strengthen preventive measures to address health issues that are likely to be negatively impacted by climate change, such as disease transmission (outbreak), malnutrition and malaria prevalence, by implementing measures such as improving access to health services, environmental sanitation, and long-term food storage systems (Link to Agriculture sector) o Ensure that 80% of the rural population is within 5km of health service points by 2030. o Reduce malaria prevalence by 45% by 2030 • Train and deploy 1000 community health assistants, 500 environmental health technicians, and 250 specialists for referral facilities to understand the increased health risks due to climate change vulnerability and how to respond by implementing climate adaptation actions in the health sector by 2030.Adaptation Actions and Policy Measures • Establish 425 community health clubs to improve community-level health care and disseminate information on changing health risks to enhance the response to climate-related diseases by 2030 • Increase funding by $500,000 per year for research on climate-health nexus, including on the increased health vulnerabilities caused by climate change, the temporal, spatial and spectral aspects of meteorological data needed for healthcare purposes, and on the quality, level, and detail of healthcare data required for disease modelling to develop adequate response measures by 2030 • Promote household and community-level adoption of practices that improve air quality, improve water safety and reduce the risk of disease transmission, while also reducing fuelwood use, such as water filters and improved cookstoves (Link to Forest and Agriculture sectors) o Conduct 40 training sessions on health risks of using firewood and other climate-related health risks by 2030 (Link to Forest sector) o Provide at least 170 water safety and purification kits to rural communities by 2030 • Develop climate health hazards risk mapping and area-based scenario planning for responding to climate health hazards and improve disease surveillance systems, preparedness and response capacity for the health consequences of climate change (e.g., heat-related illness, infectious diseases, malnutrition, natural disasters, mental health, forced migration, chronic disease) by 2025 • Mobilize and sustain financial resources for national level engagement of the health sector that ensures project implementation by TRANSPORT Adaptation Targets In the Transport sector, Liberia commits to the following adaptation targets: • Support the implementation of infrastructure that foster the development of a bus public transport network for Monrovia o Ensure low-income population to reach jobs, education and healthcare services, improving their access to economic and social opportunities. | Liberia | {
"answer_start": 416,
"text": "In the Transport sector, Liberia commits to the following adaptation targets: • Support the implementation of infrastructure that foster the development of a bus public transport network for Monrovia o Ensure low-income population to reach jobs, education and healthcare services, improving their access to economic and social opportunities."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Liberia's%20Updated%20NDC_RL_FINAL%20(002).pdf | Are there transport green house gasses (GHG) unconditional adaptation targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | LBR |
T_Adaptation_C | null | en-US | HEALTH Adaptation Targets In the Health sector, Liberia commits to the following adaptation targets to increase the ability of Liberian communities and health systems to adapt to the impacts of climate change: • Strengthen preventive measures to address health issues that are likely to be negatively impacted by climate change, such as disease transmission (outbreak), malnutrition and malaria prevalence, by implementing measures such as improving access to health services, environmental sanitation, and long-term food storage systems (Link to Agriculture sector) o Ensure that 80% of the rural population is within 5km of health service points by 2030. o Reduce malaria prevalence by 45% by 2030 • Train and deploy 1000 community health assistants, 500 environmental health technicians, and 250 specialists for referral facilities to understand the increased health risks due to climate change vulnerability and how to respond by implementing climate adaptation actions in the health sector by 2030.Adaptation Actions and Policy Measures • Establish 425 community health clubs to improve community-level health care and disseminate information on changing health risks to enhance the response to climate-related diseases by 2030 • Increase funding by $500,000 per year for research on climate-health nexus, including on the increased health vulnerabilities caused by climate change, the temporal, spatial and spectral aspects of meteorological data needed for healthcare purposes, and on the quality, level, and detail of healthcare data required for disease modelling to develop adequate response measures by 2030 • Promote household and community-level adoption of practices that improve air quality, improve water safety and reduce the risk of disease transmission, while also reducing fuelwood use, such as water filters and improved cookstoves (Link to Forest and Agriculture sectors) o Conduct 40 training sessions on health risks of using firewood and other climate-related health risks by 2030 (Link to Forest sector) o Provide at least 170 water safety and purification kits to rural communities by 2030 • Develop climate health hazards risk mapping and area-based scenario planning for responding to climate health hazards and improve disease surveillance systems, preparedness and response capacity for the health consequences of climate change (e.g., heat-related illness, infectious diseases, malnutrition, natural disasters, mental health, forced migration, chronic disease) by 2025 • Mobilize and sustain financial resources for national level engagement of the health sector that ensures project implementation by TRANSPORT Adaptation Targets In the Transport sector, Liberia commits to the following adaptation targets: • Support the implementation of infrastructure that foster the development of a bus public transport network for Monrovia o Ensure low-income population to reach jobs, education and healthcare services, improving their access to economic and social opportunities. Adaptation Actions and Policy Measures • Continuation of road upgrading and construction o Risk mapping of climate stress vulnerability of transport infrastructure – future investment should be guided by such risk mapping. | Liberia | {
"answer_start": 384,
"text": "In the Transport sector, Liberia commits to the following adaptation targets: • Support the implementation of infrastructure that foster the development of a bus public transport network for Monrovia o Ensure low-income population to reach jobs, education and healthcare services, improving their access to economic and social opportunities."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Liberia's%20Updated%20NDC_RL_FINAL%20(002).pdf | Are there transport green house gasses (GHG) unconditional adaptation targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | LBR |
A_Parkingprice | null | fr-FR | Dans le souci de maintenir les frais de ravitaillement inférieurs à ceux des véhicules thermiques161, il est important d’assurer des prix de recharge avantageux. Des mesures incitatives complémentaires à considérer consistent dans le droit de stationner gratuitement sur des emplacements publics payants ou de bénéficier de bornes de charges publiques gratuites. Les pouvoirs publics doivent montrer l’exemple en électrifiant leurs propres flottes de véhicules ou en imposant des véhicules électriques par la voie de contrats de service public. Depuis 2018, l’acquisition de voitures électriques est prescrite pour les voitures de service ou de direction de l’Etat, l’achat de véhicules thermiques étant seulement autorisé dans des cas très exceptionnels sur base d’une justification détaillée162. | Luxembourg | {
"answer_start": 24,
"text": "Des mesures incitatives complémentaires à considérer consistent dans le droit de stationner gratuitement sur des emplacements publics payants ou de bénéficier de bornes de charges publiques gratuites"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LUX_LTS_2021.pdf | What changes are considered for transport demand management? | LTS | null | LUX |
A_Parkingprice | null | en-US | Toll charges will also include an environmental element in passenger transport and will analyse other ways of using economic instruments in accordance with the Polluter Pays principle. Support individual automobile transport regulations, in particular in the form of a parking policy (charges for parking, ban on parking on pavements) through the standardization of parking policy throughout the Slovak Republic, while respecting technical standards governing the construction of parking places STN 73 6110 /Z1/O1. Introduce low-emission zones in municipalities, including charging for entry into these zones and traffic calming in settlements (the introduction of functional 30 zones and cycling streets, including transport-technical facilities). | Slovakia | {
"answer_start": 27,
"text": "Support individual automobile transport regulations, in particular in the form of a parking policy (charges for parking, ban on parking on pavements) through the standardization of parking policy throughout the Slovak Republic, while respecting technical standards governing the construction of parking places STN 73 6110 /Z1/O1."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/LTS%20SK%20eng.pdf | What changes are considered for transport demand management? | LTS | null | SVK |
B_Econ | null | en-US | Increased awareness in homes enables food cost savings Improved public health Improved security for incinerator workers & neighborhoods Better job conditions for EfW plant workers Lower nuisance effects on individuals residing near the EfW facility Economic Cost savings for commercial businesses and more customer profile insights for tailored offerings Potential reduction in costs, capacity issues and adverse externalities experienced in the sector Economic efficiency and resiliency gains from a more circular economy Creation of additional raw material input into secondary economic markets R&I in connection with change in biogas use and development of efficient waste sorting management processes Indirect contribution to lowering food insecurity and malnutrition goals Positive impacts on reaching national recycling targets Social Change in household behavior requires more attention and effort, against time and space constraints Potential disincentive for households to sort recyclable waste at source (from semi-mixed waste separation measure) Economic Higher administrative burden on Local Councils Higher cost of collection Administrative burden Change in demand for printing houses Macroeconomic impacts from household behavior changes (e.g. purchases, savings) Table 25: Impact Assessment for the Waste sectorMalta Low Carbon Development Strategy Measures Positive Impacts Negative Impacts Electrification measures Public Transport measures Active Transport measures Teleworking/ remote working Social Health benefits from reduced air and noise pollution, potentially lower traffic accidents and more regular exercising Increased flexibility for employees Travel time reductions for individuals and businesses Improved travel for non- vehicle owners, enabling social and economic participation Enhancing the efficiency of local components of the TEN-T network Facilitated access to cultural sites and improved preservation as a result of lower traffic emissions Economic Incremental investment in the EV market Reduced traffic congestion contributing to economic productivity and competitiveness, investment/ employment/ job attractiveness and facilitating trade logistics New R&I spurred in connection with EV transition implementation and efficient/ safe active transport infrastructure Facilitation of labour geographical mobility and labour market matching efficiency Possible reduced costs of operating and managing offices Social High upfront EV capital cost/ use might exclude some individuals from the personal vehicle ownership market Risks for public safety in EV accidents Waste management of EVs/ batteries Security of supply issues for electricity and batteries (EVs) Reduced social interaction (and linked mental/physical health effects and work engagement) resulting from TW/ RW Higher costs for employees, and potential increased digital divide. | Malta | {
"answer_start": 294,
"text": "Incremental investment in the EV market Reduced traffic congestion contributing to economic productivity and competitiveness, investment/ employment/ job attractiveness and facilitating trade logistics New R&I spurred in connection with EV transition implementation and efficient/ safe active transport infrastructure Facilitation of labour geographical mobility and labour market matching efficiency Possible reduced costs of operating and managing offices"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/MLT_LTS_Nov2021.pdf | Are there any Economic benefits? | LTS | null | MLT |
B_Econ | null | en-US | purchases, savings) Table 25: Impact Assessment for the Waste sectorMalta Low Carbon Development Strategy Measures Positive Impacts Negative Impacts Electrification measures Public Transport measures Active Transport measures Teleworking/ remote working Social Health benefits from reduced air and noise pollution, potentially lower traffic accidents and more regular exercising Increased flexibility for employees Travel time reductions for individuals and businesses Improved travel for non- vehicle owners, enabling social and economic participation Enhancing the efficiency of local components of the TEN-T network Facilitated access to cultural sites and improved preservation as a result of lower traffic emissions Economic Incremental investment in the EV market Reduced traffic congestion contributing to economic productivity and competitiveness, investment/ employment/ job attractiveness and facilitating trade logistics New R&I spurred in connection with EV transition implementation and efficient/ safe active transport infrastructure Facilitation of labour geographical mobility and labour market matching efficiency Possible reduced costs of operating and managing offices Social High upfront EV capital cost/ use might exclude some individuals from the personal vehicle ownership market Risks for public safety in EV accidents Waste management of EVs/ batteries Security of supply issues for electricity and batteries (EVs) Reduced social interaction (and linked mental/physical health effects and work engagement) resulting from TW/ RW Higher costs for employees, and potential increased digital divide. Economic Business costs in connection with EV transition adjustments Potentially lower market competition in EV market and competitive distortions from public transport subsidisation Negative knock-on effects on economic activity and employment in traditional personal car travel sectors Additional tax/ charges burden on businesses and individuals, which can result to be of a regressive nature Administrative requirements for management of any mechanism to disincentivise undesirable usage Free public transport may disincentivise innovation/ competition in this market Negative/ displacement effects on commercial activity of any location-specific disincentive scheme Table 26: Impact Assessment for the Transport sectorAnnexesMalta Low Carbon Development Strategy 6.1. | Malta | {
"answer_start": 106,
"text": "Incremental investment in the EV market Reduced traffic congestion contributing to economic productivity and competitiveness, investment/ employment/ job attractiveness and facilitating trade logistics New R&I spurred in connection with EV transition implementation and efficient/ safe active transport infrastructure Facilitation of labour geographical mobility and labour market matching efficiency Possible reduced costs of operating and managing offices"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/MLT_LTS_Nov2021.pdf | Are there any Economic benefits? | LTS | null | MLT |
B_Econ | null | en-US | The imperative to decarbonise brings with it a host of other benefits, including new business models, new modes, increasing levels of autonomy, far better integration, and a blurring of the distinction between traditional forms of transport, as well as public and private travel coming together to offer greater choice and flexibility. We will use research and development to build on the expertise of business and academia, maximising opportunities for growth, exports and hundreds of thousands of new high‑quality jobs. 10. To achieve the level of emissions reductions in the transport sector indicated by our delivery pathway to 2037, we will need additional public and private investment of around £220 billion. 11. Decarbonising the transport sector will regenerate communities and open up new employment opportunities right around the UK. | United Kingdom | {
"answer_start": 111,
"text": "Decarbonising the transport sector will regenerate communities and open up new employment opportunities right around the UK"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/UK%20Net%20Zero%20Strategy%20-%20Build%20Back%20Greener.pdf | Are there any Economic benefits? | LTS | null | GBR |
B_Econ | null | en-US | Decarbonising the transport sector will regenerate communities and open up new employment opportunities right around the UK. Based on current estimates, policies and proposals to reduce emissions in the sector could support up to 22,000 jobs in 2024 and up to 74,000 jobs in 2030. Development of road transport sector technologies as the economy transitions to net zero could support up to 71,000 jobs in 2050. Chapter 3 – Reducing Emissions across the Economy12. We need a skilled workforce capable of developing, implementing and operating mobility solutions in a way that maximises the huge potential benefits they offer. The government launched the Green Jobs Taskforce, to advise the government, industry and the skills sector on the action required to deliver the jobs and skills required for the net zero transition. | United Kingdom | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "Decarbonising the transport sector will regenerate communities and open up new employment opportunities right around the UK"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/UK%20Net%20Zero%20Strategy%20-%20Build%20Back%20Greener.pdf | Are there any Economic benefits? | LTS | null | GBR |
B_Econ | null | en-US | So, whereas transport is a significant source of GHG emissions, the sector is also vulnerable to the impacts of natural hazards, and climate change is expected to exacerbate future risks. A more efficient, reliable, affordable and resilient transportation system represents a substantial commitment to climate action with important impacts for the entire Barbadian economy, improving its competitiveness and productivity, reducing costs, and impacting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.BARBADOS 2021 UPDATE OF THE FIRST NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION The government’s commitment to a fossil fuel-free energy system extends to the transport sector, starting with public buses and light duty/passenger vehicles. Effective April 2021, the government s procurement policy is to prioritize the purchase of electric or hybrid vehicles, where possible. | Barbados | {
"answer_start": 30,
"text": "A more efficient, reliable, affordable and resilient transportation system represents a substantial commitment to climate action with important impacts for the entire Barbadian economy, improving its competitiveness and productivity, reducing costs, and impacting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/2021%20Barbados%20NDC%20update%20-%2021%20July%202021.pdf | Are there any Economic benefits? | Updated NDC | null | BRB |
B_Econ | null | en-US | • Increased composting and waste-to-energy processing will result in employment creation and reduced pollution to soil and water bodies. 25 Global GHG emissions including land-use change in 2017 were 53.5 GtCO eq (UN Environment Emissions Gap Report 2018), Zimbabwe total GHG emissions of 37.98 MtCO eq taken from LEAP modelling.Zimbabwe Revised Nationally Determined Contribution 2021 23 • Increased energy efficiency, reduced transmission and distribution losses and increased electricity supply from solar and waste-to-energy projects will reduce supply constraints and reliance on climate-sensitive hydropower. • Improved fuel efficiency will lead to reduced fuel imports, improving Zimbabwe’s balance of trade and macroeconomic stability. • Increased public transport will lead to increased mobility for low-income populations. Zimbabwe is determined to ensure a just transition to a climate resilient, low carbon economy. | Zimbabwe | {
"answer_start": 84,
"text": "Improved fuel efficiency will lead to reduced fuel imports, improving Zimbabwe’s balance of trade and macroeconomic stability."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Zimbabwe%20Revised%20Nationally%20Determined%20Contribution%202021%20Final.pdf | Are there any Economic benefits? | Updated NDC | null | ZWE |
P_Technology | null | en-US | Technology transfer: To meet Nepal’s aspirations to be carbon neutral by or before 2045, technology transfer will play a primary role. Moreover, easy access to technology transfer and its affordability will be key incentives in the implementation of long-term strategies. Some technologies will be homegrown for the energy and transport sector, agriculture, IPPU, and waster sector while many will need to be imported. Finance: The cost of achieving unconditional targets outlined in the NDC is estimated to be USD 25 million. This estimate only covers activity-based targets and does not include the cost of policies, measures, and actions. The cost of achieving the adaptation component will be detailed in the upcoming NAP. | Nepal | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "Technology transfer: To meet Nepal’s aspirations to be carbon neutral by or before 2045, technology transfer will play a primary role. Moreover, easy access to technology transfer and its affordability will be key incentives in the implementation of long-term strategies. Some technologies will be homegrown for the energy and transport sector, agriculture, IPPU, and waster sector while many will need to be imported."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/NepalLTLEDS.pdf | What technology transfer activities are planned | LTS | null | NPL |
P_Technology | null | en-US | Research development and deployment (RD &D) in the following priority areas: Energy and transport sector • Renewable energy technologies (such as solar, wind) and approaches in advanced energy storage system (EES) and demand-side management. • Carbon capture and storage (CCS) or carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) in power plant and industries • Bio-energy with CCS • Electric Vehicle (xEV), battery and Infrastructures • Grid Modernization, smart energy management and Independent Power Supply (IPS) • Other technologies related to carbon neutrality (Hydrogen, Bio-hydrogenated diesel (BHD)Other sectors • Smart energy management in the industrial sector • Waste-to-energy technologies in the waste sector reduction technologies in agriculture such as enteric fermentation and manure management and rice cultivation. | Thailand | {
"answer_start": 57,
"text": "Electric Vehicle (xEV), battery and Infrastructures"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Thailand_LTS1.pdf | What technology transfer activities are planned | LTS | null | THA |
P_Technology | null | en-US | • Carbon capture and storage (CCS) or carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) in power plant and industries • Bio-energy with CCS • Electric Vehicle (xEV), battery and Infrastructures • Grid Modernization, smart energy management and Independent Power Supply (IPS) • Other technologies related to carbon neutrality (Hydrogen, Bio-hydrogenated diesel (BHD)Other sectors • Smart energy management in the industrial sector • Waste-to-energy technologies in the waste sector reduction technologies in agriculture such as enteric fermentation and manure management and rice cultivation. Mechanisms and instruments • Financial instruments, incentives, mechanisms and approaches to engage the private sector in the shift to green investment. • Share knowledge and best practices on legal frameworks and modalities to support Thailand’s LEDS and NDC implementation. | Thailand | {
"answer_start": 23,
"text": "Electric Vehicle (xEV), battery and Infrastructures"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Thailand_LTS1.pdf | What technology transfer activities are planned | LTS | null | THA |
P_Technology | null | en-US | Apart from capacity-building needs, the Government of South Sudan has also identified areas where international technology transfer will be required for execution of mitigation and adaptation interventions. These include: • Renewable energy and energy-efficient technologies; • Access to climate information systems to carry out real time monitoring of hydrometeorological events and establish early warning systems; • Technologies that can be used for water recycling, harvesting, irrigation and sustainable management of water resources; • Availability of tools and methodologies to assess climate vulnerability, risks and impacts, and to identify adaptation options; • Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse impacts of climate change, particularly roads and large-scale transportation of goods; and • Technologies for the protection and development of climate-resilient infrastructure, especially for development of flood-proof infrastructure.146 Second Nationally Determined Contribution GENDER- RESPONSIVENESSNDC gender-responsiveness 147 NDC GENDER-RESPONSIVENESS Women play a vital role in climate change mitigation and adaptation, given their significant involvement in climate-sensitive sectors such as agriculture, fisheries, forestry and health. | South Sudan | {
"answer_start": 91,
"text": "Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse impacts of climate change, particularly roads and large-scale transportation of goods; and"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/South%20Sudan's%20Second%20Nationally%20Determined%20Contribution.pdf | What technology transfer activities are planned | 2nd NDC | null | SSD |
P_Technology | null | en-US | These include: • Renewable energy and energy-efficient technologies; • Access to climate information systems to carry out real time monitoring of hydrometeorological events and establish early warning systems; • Technologies that can be used for water recycling, harvesting, irrigation and sustainable management of water resources; • Availability of tools and methodologies to assess climate vulnerability, risks and impacts, and to identify adaptation options; • Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse impacts of climate change, particularly roads and large-scale transportation of goods; and • Technologies for the protection and development of climate-resilient infrastructure, especially for development of flood-proof infrastructure.146 Second Nationally Determined Contribution GENDER- RESPONSIVENESSNDC gender-responsiveness 147 NDC GENDER-RESPONSIVENESS Women play a vital role in climate change mitigation and adaptation, given their significant involvement in climate-sensitive sectors such as agriculture, fisheries, forestry and health. Women’s traditional and local knowledge on the use and sustainable management of natural resources is a valuable resource, especially when it comes to adaptation planning. | South Sudan | {
"answer_start": 64,
"text": "Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse impacts of climate change, particularly roads and large-scale transportation of goods; and"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/South%20Sudan's%20Second%20Nationally%20Determined%20Contribution.pdf | What technology transfer activities are planned | 2nd NDC | null | SSD |
P_Technology | null | fr-FR | ¯ Pour le secteur Ressources en eau : 1) mini-adduction d’eau potable, 2) réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface et 3) drainage gravitaire des eaux de pluies. Le tableau 17 résume les coûts des besoins issus de cette évaluation.Tableau 17: Coûts de transfert de technologie Secteurs Mesure technologique proposée Investisseme nt (en millions de $) Coût de mise en œuvre ( Total (en millions de $) ENERGIE Mise en œuvre du Plan d’actions pour la technologie Centrale Hydroélectrique de grande puissance (CHGP) Plan d’actions pour la technologie solaire photovoltaïque (PV) raccordé au réseau (SPRR) Plan d’actions pour la technologie Petite ou Mini centrale hydroélectrique (PMCH) TRANSPORT Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers AGRICULTURE Plan d’actions pour la technologie Aménagement des Terres Agricoles (ATA) 2,818 0,4227 3,2407 Plan d’actions de la technologie Système Intégré de production agricole (SIPA) 2,284 0,3426 2,6266 Plan d’actions de la technologie de l Agriculture de contre saison (ACS) 26,442 3,9663 30,4083 RESSOURCES EN EAU Plan d’actions pour la technologie des Mini-adduction d’eau potable 1,348 0,2022 1,5502 Plan d’actions technologiques pour la technologie réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface Plan d’actions technologiques pour le drainage gravitaire des eaux pluviales 1,066 0,1599 1,2259 Source : Projet d’appui aux CDN, septembre 2021Le coût total estimé dans le plan d’action EBT est de 57 ,812 millions de dollars. | Togo | {
"answer_start": 106,
"text": "Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/CDN%20Revis%C3%A9es_Togo_Document%20int%C3%A9rimaire_rv_11%2010%2021.pdf | What technology transfer activities are planned | Updated NDC | null | TGO |
P_Technology | null | fr-FR | Le tableau 17 résume les coûts des besoins issus de cette évaluation.Tableau 17: Coûts de transfert de technologie Secteurs Mesure technologique proposée Investisseme nt (en millions de $) Coût de mise en œuvre ( Total (en millions de $) ENERGIE Mise en œuvre du Plan d’actions pour la technologie Centrale Hydroélectrique de grande puissance (CHGP) Plan d’actions pour la technologie solaire photovoltaïque (PV) raccordé au réseau (SPRR) Plan d’actions pour la technologie Petite ou Mini centrale hydroélectrique (PMCH) TRANSPORT Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers AGRICULTURE Plan d’actions pour la technologie Aménagement des Terres Agricoles (ATA) 2,818 0,4227 3,2407 Plan d’actions de la technologie Système Intégré de production agricole (SIPA) 2,284 0,3426 2,6266 Plan d’actions de la technologie de l Agriculture de contre saison (ACS) 26,442 3,9663 30,4083 RESSOURCES EN EAU Plan d’actions pour la technologie des Mini-adduction d’eau potable 1,348 0,2022 1,5502 Plan d’actions technologiques pour la technologie réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface Plan d’actions technologiques pour le drainage gravitaire des eaux pluviales 1,066 0,1599 1,2259 Source : Projet d’appui aux CDN, septembre 2021Le coût total estimé dans le plan d’action EBT est de 57 ,812 millions de dollars. Il faut souligner que pour des raisons d’inflation et de coût de mise en œuvre, ce montant sera majoré de 15% du capital. | Togo | {
"answer_start": 79,
"text": "Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/CDN%20Revis%C3%A9es_Togo_Document%20int%C3%A9rimaire_rv_11%2010%2021.pdf | What technology transfer activities are planned | Updated NDC | null | TGO |
P_Technology | null | en-US | Establishing mandatory standards and priceMitigation incentives will require public acceptance as both will likely have an impact on vehicle prices and/or vehicle size. Third, limiting growth in grid-connected residential electricity end-use to 1% per year on average for the period 2021-2030 may be achieved by adopting minimum energy performance standards for appliances, lighting, and electrical equipment. The successful adoption of energy performance standards will require public acceptance as their introduction will likely increase purchasing prices, though possibly reducing electricity costs. For both vehicle and appliance standards and incentives, technology transfer, capacity building and external financial support may be required. 3.2 Industrial processes and product use (IPPU) Sector Tonga does not have any target to reduce GHG emissions from IPPU for two reasons. | Tonga | {
"answer_start": 80,
"text": "For both vehicle and appliance standards and incentives, technology transfer, capacity building and external financial support may be required."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Tonga's%20Second%20NDC.pdf | What technology transfer activities are planned | 2nd NDC | null | TON |
P_Technology | null | en-US | PLANNING PROCESS As a pioneer country in the search for alternative ways for decarbonizing the economy, Costa Rica has a range of political instruments, both in mitigation and adaptation. In 2011, Costa Rica presented its Technological Needs Assessment (TNA) which posted a strategy for technological transfer and access to support greenhouse gas mitigation (GHG), and reduce vulnerability to adverse effects of climate change. In this evaluation, the following sectors and climate actions where prioritized: Public Transportation Integration and Decongestion, and Energy Conservation and Efficiency. In adaptation, two approaches were proposed, the adaptive co-management at the watershed level and detailed (sub-national) climate change scenarios. One of the approaches proposed with impacts both in mitigation and adaptation: Sustainable Agricultural Production. | Costa Rica | {
"answer_start": 29,
"text": "In 2011, Costa Rica presented its Technological Needs Assessment (TNA) which posted a strategy for technological transfer and access to support greenhouse gas mitigation (GHG), and reduce vulnerability to adverse effects of climate change. In this evaluation, the following sectors and climate actions where prioritized: Public Transportation Integration and Decongestion, and Energy Conservation and Efficiency"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf | What technology transfer activities are planned | 1st NDC | null | CRI |
P_Technology | null | en-US | Water technologies for water savings, recycling, harvesting, irrigation and sustainable management for agricultural purposes. iv. Availability of methods and tools to assess climate impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in specific sectors and regions. v. Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse effects of climate change in particular for roads and large-scale transportation of goods. Technologies for the protection of infrastructure, particularly infrastructure in flood-prone areas. 39. Capacity building of this nature would require cooperation between developed countries and developing countries as well as south-south cooperation. This international support would facilitate the development of South Sudan’s own technologies as well as enable technology transfer and innovation to increase adaptive capacity within the country. 40. Capacity-building priorities relate largely to planning and implementation of climate change actions at all levels, i.e. | South Sudan | {
"answer_start": 33,
"text": "Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse effects of climate change in particular for roads and large-scale transportation of goods. Technologies for the protection of infrastructure, particularly infrastructure in flood-prone areas"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/South%20Sudan%20Intended%20Nationally%20Determined%20%20%20%20Contribution.pdf | What technology transfer activities are planned | 1st NDC | null | SSD |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | GESI and Leave no One behind (LNOB): Include the principles of equity, ensuring equal access to women, children, youth, indigenous people, disabled people; lesbian, gay, bisexual transgender and queer (LGBTQ), and marginalized groups during participation, decision- making, and benefit-sharing from LTS implementation. 3.2. Means of implementation Capacity building: Based on the draft capacity need assessment for the NDC, capacity will be built for (i) institutional capacity for governance and coordination; (ii) technical capacity, including sectoral expertise; (iii) relational capacity to build partnerships and invest time in processes; and (iv) strategic capacity for systemic policy design and implementation. Technology transfer: To meet Nepal’s aspirations to be carbon neutral by or before 2045, technology transfer will play a primary role. | Nepal | {
"answer_start": 46,
"text": "Capacity building: Based on the draft capacity need assessment for the NDC, capacity will be built for (i) institutional capacity for governance and coordination; (ii) technical capacity, including sectoral expertise; (iii) relational capacity to build partnerships and invest time in processes; and (iv) strategic capacity for systemic policy design and implementation."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/NepalLTLEDS.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | LTS | null | NPL |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | Provision of incentives or tax benefits for starting regional organic fertilizer plants. Special provisions and tax benefits for organic fertilizer used by food manufacturers. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and FisheriesCambodia’s Long-Term Strategy for Carbon Neutrality 19 Major challenges and barriers Transformation needed Required transformative policy measures and capacity Responsible actors and maintenance infrastructure. alternative fuels uptake. Implementation of a charging station network for electric vehicles. Implementation of a CNG/LNG fueling network for trucks that cannot move to electric vehicles. Grid reinforcements and modernization to accommodate electric vehicle loads. Development of competencies and market offerings for vehicle maintenance and distribution. Study of hydrogen or other zero-carbon fuels as long-term alternatives to natural gas for the trucking sector. Ministry of Industry, Science, Technology and Innovation Electricite du Cambodge Private sector Development of collective transportation and a sustainable transportation economy. Planning and financing for public transportation and passenger and freight rail expansions. New transportation paradigms, encompassing new technologies, innovative modes of travel organization and behaviour changes. Reinforcement of transportation management competencies in urban municipalities and/or selection of operators. | Cambodia | {
"answer_start": 128,
"text": "Development of collective transportation and a sustainable transportation economy"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/KHM_LTS_Dec2021.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | LTS | null | KHM |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | China is accelerating the implementation of the National Strategy for Climate Adaptation, and improving its capacity to respond to extreme climatic events and making positive progress in key areas of climate change adaptation. Capacity building on combating climate change is further strengthened. Supports in terms of science and technology are further enhanced by implementing Chinaâs Science and Technology Actions on Climate Change. Looking into the future, China has defined as its strategic goals to complete the construction of a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way by 2020 and to create a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally developed and harmonious modern socialist country by the middle of this century. | China | {
"answer_start": 33,
"text": "Capacity building on combating climate change is further strengthened"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/China%27s%20First%20NDC%20Submission.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | 1st NDC | null | CHN |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | Mainstream climate change into existing transport management plan to strengthen emission control. 2. Strengthen institutional capacity for developing strategies for integrated transport services; developing technical and safety standards and the enforcement of policies including emission control. 3. Improve the quality and reliability of transport infrastructure and services. 4. Develop emission reduction and tracking system of pollutants from vehicles. 5. Blend up to 5% of palm oil biodiesel with both gasoline and diesel by 2030 for vehicles.II. ADAPTATION Impacts and Vulnerability Vulnerability and adaptation assessments conducted have revealed that Liberia is faced with climate change and variability leading to extreme events, which have negative impact on agriculture, forestry, health, energy and other sectors. Climate change impacts are marked by irregular patterns of rainfall, flooding, high temperature, and coastal erosion. | Liberia | {
"answer_start": 13,
"text": "Strengthen institutional capacity for developing strategies for integrated transport services; developing technical and safety standards and the enforcement of policies including emission control"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Final%20Submission%20Sept%2030%202015%20Liberia.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | 1st NDC | null | LBR |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | 8.2 Capacity Building and technology transfer Under the Paris Agreement, developed countries have also committed to provide technology transfer and capacity building to developing countries. Many developing countries will require enhanced capacities to effectively track inflows of bilateral and multilateral resources and support and identify pending gaps and needs.UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION It is critical that the Paris Agreement’s capacity building provisions are implemented successfully. Technology transfer and capacity building will be required to fully implement Rwanda’s mitigation and adaptation contributions. Specific national needs relating to mitigation include: • Access to and overcoming barriers to the diffusion of appropriate clean technologies; • Building climate information systems; • Promotion of renewable energies and energy efficiency, including the involvement of the private sector; • Setting up of public-private partnerships. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 65,
"text": "Technology transfer and capacity building will be required to fully implement Rwanda’s mitigation and adaptation contributions"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | This revised and strengthened NDC pledges a significantly more ambitious mitigation target of reducing economy-wide CO2 emissions by 61% by 2030, compared to the base year 2010, conditional upon adequate access to resources including climate finance as well as capacity building support. This will be achieved by switching to 100% renewable energy in electricity generation and increasing the share of electric vehicles in the vehicle fleet to at least 2%. Additionally, St. Kitts and Nevis seeks financial and capacity building support to develop the necessary charging infrastructure and training programs to enable swift decarbonization of the transport sector. | Saint Kitts and Nevis | {
"answer_start": 71,
"text": "St. Kitts and Nevis seeks financial and capacity building support to develop the necessary charging infrastructure and training programs to enable swift decarbonization of the transport sector"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/St.%20Kitts%20and%20Nevis%20Revised%20NDC_Updated.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | Updated NDC | null | KNA |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | Additionally, St. Kitts and Nevis seeks financial and capacity building support to develop the necessary charging infrastructure and training programs to enable swift decarbonization of the transport sector. For the 2020 revision cycle, the participatory process with technical support from IRENA led to the development of an assessment of the cost-effectiveness of mitigation options for the power and transport sectors.Revised Nationally Determined Contribution of St. Kitts and Nevis 3 When comparing the emissions target of this NDC against a 2010 base year, this NDC translates to a 61% decrease in total carbon dioxide emissions. St. Kitts and Nevis’ first NDC pledged to decrease emissions by 35% against a business-as-usual scenario. | Saint Kitts and Nevis | {
"answer_start": 1,
"text": "St. Kitts and Nevis seeks financial and capacity building support to develop the necessary charging infrastructure and training programs to enable swift decarbonization of the transport sector"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/St.%20Kitts%20and%20Nevis%20Revised%20NDC_Updated.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | Updated NDC | null | KNA |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | In the chapter on Means of Implementation a carefully prepared portfolio of projects is provided that is considered key to delivering on the promise of the NDC, in that they contribute significantly to meeting the contributions. Capacity building As a SIDS country, Suriname is faced with significant development constraints, typical for a small developing economy. Suriname’s research and associated human capacity are limited and following the recent economic recession Suriname lacks the resources to establish urgently needed programs, as indicated in the NDC. The Government of Suriname in its 2017-2021 Policy Development Plan prioritizes investment in people and welcomes the support from development partners in the endeavour to strengthen research capacity in the area of climate change and the sectoral actions outlined in this NDC. | Suriname | {
"answer_start": 83,
"text": "The Government of Suriname in its 2017-2021 Policy Development Plan prioritizes investment in people and welcomes the support from development partners in the endeavour to strengthen research capacity in the area of climate change and the sectoral actions outlined in this NDC"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Suriname%20Second%20NDC.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | 2nd NDC | null | SUR |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | The Government of Suriname in its 2017-2021 Policy Development Plan prioritizes investment in people and welcomes the support from development partners in the endeavour to strengthen research capacity in the area of climate change and the sectoral actions outlined in this NDC. Technology transfer In 2019, Suriname started the process of conducting a Technology Needs Assessment, to be concluded by December 2020. Three priority sectors have been identified (the relevant technologies identified for assessment are given in brackets): • Agriculture (Climate resilient crop varieties and livestock breeds, Water use efficiency and Integrated farming systems); • Water Management (water 27modeling, water resource mapping, and water storage and harvesting); and, • Infrastructure and Housing (Infrastructure: Forest Specific Land Use Planning; Housing: Energy Efficient Building Design). | Suriname | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "The Government of Suriname in its 2017-2021 Policy Development Plan prioritizes investment in people and welcomes the support from development partners in the endeavour to strengthen research capacity in the area of climate change and the sectoral actions outlined in this NDC"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Suriname%20Second%20NDC.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | 2nd NDC | null | SUR |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | Establishing mandatory standards and priceMitigation incentives will require public acceptance as both will likely have an impact on vehicle prices and/or vehicle size. Third, limiting growth in grid-connected residential electricity end-use to 1% per year on average for the period 2021-2030 may be achieved by adopting minimum energy performance standards for appliances, lighting, and electrical equipment. The successful adoption of energy performance standards will require public acceptance as their introduction will likely increase purchasing prices, though possibly reducing electricity costs. For both vehicle and appliance standards and incentives, technology transfer, capacity building and external financial support may be required. 3.2 Industrial processes and product use (IPPU) Sector Tonga does not have any target to reduce GHG emissions from IPPU for two reasons. | Tonga | {
"answer_start": 80,
"text": "For both vehicle and appliance standards and incentives, technology transfer, capacity building and external financial support may be required."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Tonga's%20Second%20NDC.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | 2nd NDC | null | TON |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | Sustainable forest management and conservation of biodiversity to ensure sustained environmental services through: • Sustainable management of forest management units (FMUs), protected areas, community forests, forest areas outside FMUs, and private forests • Enhancing forest information and monitoring infrastructure through national forest inventories and carbon stock assessments • Forest fire management and rehabilitation of degraded and barren forest lands 2. Promotion of low carbon transport system by: • Improving mass transit and demand side management of personal modes of transport• Exploring alternative modes of transport to road transport such as rail, water and gravity ropeways • Improving efficiency in freight transport • Promoting non‐motorized transport and non‐fossil fuel powered transport such as electric and fuel cell vehicles • Improving efficiency and emissions from existing vehicles through standards and capacity building • Promoting use of appropriate intelligent transport systems 3. | Bhutan | {
"answer_start": 118,
"text": "Improving efficiency and emissions from existing vehicles through standards and capacity building"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Bhutan-INDC-20150930.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | 1st NDC | null | BTN |
P_Capacity | null | en-US | Promotion of low carbon transport system by: • Improving mass transit and demand side management of personal modes of transport• Exploring alternative modes of transport to road transport such as rail, water and gravity ropeways • Improving efficiency in freight transport • Promoting non‐motorized transport and non‐fossil fuel powered transport such as electric and fuel cell vehicles • Improving efficiency and emissions from existing vehicles through standards and capacity building • Promoting use of appropriate intelligent transport systems 3. Minimize GHG emission through application of zero waste concept and sustainable waste management practices: • Enhancement of the three R principles including the conversion of waste to resources • Improving the current system and infrastructure for waste management 4. | Bhutan | {
"answer_start": 58,
"text": "Improving efficiency and emissions from existing vehicles through standards and capacity building"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Bhutan-INDC-20150930.pdf | What capacity building activities are planned? | 1st NDC | null | BTN |