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T_Economy_C | T_BYE | en-US | This revised and strengthened NDC pledges a significantly more ambitious mitigation target of reducing economy-wide CO2 emissions by 61% by 2030, compared to the base year 2010, conditional upon adequate access to resources including climate finance as well as capacity building support. This will be achieved by switching to 100% renewable energy in electricity generation and increasing the share of electric vehicles in the vehicle fleet to at least 2%. Additionally, St. Kitts and Nevis seeks financial and capacity building support to develop the necessary charging infrastructure and training programs to enable swift decarbonization of the transport sector. | Saint Kitts and Nevis | {
"answer_start": 13,
"text": "reducing economy-wide CO2 emissions by 61% by 2030, compared to the base year 2010"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/St.%20Kitts%20and%20Nevis%20Revised%20NDC_Updated.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | KNA |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | fr-FR | Ce qui représente une progression par rapport au CDN initial qui était de 31%. Réduction de 1196 ktCO2e de manière inconditionnelle, représentant une réduction de 6.32% par rapport au scénario de référence. b. Secteurs, gaz, catégories et bassins couverts par la contribution déterminée au niveau national, y compris, le cas échéant, conformément aux lignes directrices du GIEC. La CDN couvre l’ensemble des émissions et absorptions anthropogéniques de tous les secteurs de l’économie Tous les secteurs des lignes directrices du GIEC, couverts par l’inventaire national de GES, à savoir Énergie, Agriculture, Affectation des Terres, Déchets, Production de charbon et biomasse sont pris en compte. | Haiti | {
"answer_start": 14,
"text": "Réduction de 1196 ktCO2e de manière inconditionnelle, représentant une réduction de 6.32% par rapport au scénario de référence"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/CDN%20Revisee%20Haiti%202022.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | HTI |
T_Economy_C | T_BYE | en-US | For the Updated NDC of the Republic of Tajikistan the mitigation targets were defined based on the three GHG emission scenarios formulated for the Republic of Tajikistan. Therefore, based on the GHG emission projections, the Republic of Tajikistan would have an unconditional target which is an emissions cap of 60 to 70% of existing GHG emissions in 1990. The last means that the Republic of Tajikistan should not goes beyond 21.32 to 24.87 MtCO2 eq emitted in 2030. Whereas the conditional target would be an emission cap of 50 to 60% of GHG emissions occurred in 1990. | Tajikistan | {
"answer_start": 80,
"text": "conditional target would be an emission cap of 50 to 60% of GHG emissions occurred in 1990."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDC_TAJIKISTAN_ENG.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | TJK |
T_Economy_C | T_BYE | en-US | Whereas the conditional target would be an emission cap of 50 to 60% of GHG emissions occurred in 1990. Thus represents a eq emitted in 2030.The last if it is expressed as GHG emissions per capita indicates that the unconditional target goes between 1.9 to 2.2 tCO2eq and the conditional target goes between 1.5 to 1.9 tCO2eq per capita by 2030. The table below provides the summary of the Information on Clarity, Transparency and Understanding (ICTUs) of the enhanced Tajikistan’s NDCs.1. | Tajikistan | {
"answer_start": 2,
"text": "conditional target would be an emission cap of 50 to 60% of GHG emissions occurred in 1990."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDC_TAJIKISTAN_ENG.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | TJK |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | fr-FR | ❖ Contribution inconditionnelle Les résultats de l’analyse des réductions sectorielles indiquent que le Togo peut s’engager dans une contribution inconditionnelle de réduction de ses émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) de 20,51% à l’horizon 2030, soit 6 236,02 Gg CO2-eq (Figure 13 ; Tableau 11). ❖ Contribution conditionnelle Dans l’approche proposée pour le scénario d’atténuation, l’Etat togolais s’engage, s’il bénéficie du soutien requis, de réaliser une diminution supplémentaire de 30,06% des émissions de GES par rapport au scénario de référence à l’horizon 2030, soit 9 305,59 Gg CO2-eq (Figure 3), sans compromettre sa politique d’autosuffisance alimentaire en procédant de façon à ne pas compromettre son développement durable.Figure 3: Tendances des réductions globales des émissions de GES par rapport au scénario de référence ❖ Contribution globale De façon globale, la contribution du Togo s’élève à 50,57%, soit 15 378,55 Gg CO2-eq à l’horizon 2030 répartie comme suit : ✓ Cible inconditionnelle : 20,51% ; ✓ Cible conditionnelle : 30,06%. | Togo | {
"answer_start": 65,
"text": "de réaliser une diminution supplémentaire de 30,06% des émissions de GES"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/CDN%20Revis%C3%A9es_Togo_Document%20int%C3%A9rimaire_rv_11%2010%2021.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | TGO |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | fr-FR | ❖ Contribution conditionnelle Dans l’approche proposée pour le scénario d’atténuation, l’Etat togolais s’engage, s’il bénéficie du soutien requis, de réaliser une diminution supplémentaire de 30,06% des émissions de GES par rapport au scénario de référence à l’horizon 2030, soit 9 305,59 Gg CO2-eq (Figure 3), sans compromettre sa politique d’autosuffisance alimentaire en procédant de façon à ne pas compromettre son développement durable.Figure 3: Tendances des réductions globales des émissions de GES par rapport au scénario de référence ❖ Contribution globale De façon globale, la contribution du Togo s’élève à 50,57%, soit 15 378,55 Gg CO2-eq à l’horizon 2030 répartie comme suit : ✓ Cible inconditionnelle : 20,51% ; ✓ Cible conditionnelle : 30,06%. Ces nouveaux engagements représentent une progression par rapport aux CDN initiales et correspondent à un niveau d ambition le plus élevé possible, compte tenu des circonstances nationales conformément au paragraphe 3 de l’article 4 de l’Accord de Paris. | Togo | {
"answer_start": 18,
"text": "de réaliser une diminution supplémentaire de 30,06% des émissions de GES"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/CDN%20Revis%C3%A9es_Togo_Document%20int%C3%A9rimaire_rv_11%2010%2021.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | TGO |
T_Economy_C | T_BYE | fr-FR | Objectifs inconditionnels et conditionnels d’atténuation La contribution inconditionnelle de la Tunisie correspond à une baisse de l’intensité carbone de 27 % en 2030 par rapport à celle de l’année de référence 2010, ce qui est très largement au-dessus de la première CDN ou l’effort inconditionnel devait générer seulement 13% de réduction de l’intensité carbone. La contribution conditionnelle permet une baisse additionnelle de l’intensité carbone en 2030 de 18 % par rapport à l’année de référence 2010. | Tunisia | {
"answer_start": 54,
"text": "La contribution conditionnelle permet une baisse additionnelle de l’intensité carbone en 2030 de 18 % par rapport à l’année de référence 2010"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Tunisia%20Update%20NDC-french.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | TUN |
T_Economy_C | T_BYE | fr-FR | La contribution conditionnelle permet une baisse additionnelle de l’intensité carbone en 2030 de 18 % par rapport à l’année de référence 2010. Figure 1: Trajectoires de l’intensité carbone selon la contribution conditionnelle et inconditionnelle de la Tunisie sur la période 2010-2030 La Contribution Tunisienne actualisée en matière d’atténuationCDN actualisée de la TUNISIE 1.2 Couverture et portée Besoins de financements, de renforcement des capacités et de transfert de technologie nécessaires pour l’atteinte des objectifs de la CDN Couverture géographique Ensemble du territoire national % des émissions nationales couvertes par l’effort d’atténuation 100% des émissions de l’année 2010 Secteurs ciblés Énergie (toutes les sources et secteurs), Procédés industriels, Agriculture, Forêt et Autres utilisations des Terres (AFAT) et Déchets Gaz ciblés Équité et Ambition Partie Non-Annexe 1 de la CCNUCC, la Tunisie s’engage à contribuer à l’effort planétaire d’atténuation des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES). | Tunisia | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "La contribution conditionnelle permet une baisse additionnelle de l’intensité carbone en 2030 de 18 % par rapport à l’année de référence 2010"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Tunisia%20Update%20NDC-french.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | TUN |
T_Economy_C | T_BYE | en-US | It provides information on national circumstances, mitigation and adaptation measures and actions that need to be taken to achieve this goal. The Republic of Uzbekistan has increased its commitments in the updated natio nally determined contribution (NDC) and intends to reduce specific gree nhouse gas emissions per unit of GDP by 35% by 2030 from the level of 2010 instead of 10% specified in the NDC1.CONTENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….… 5 2.1 Information needed for clarity, transparency and understanding of the nationally determined contributions ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 2.2 Additional information on mitigation aspects in the Republic of Uzbekistan …………… 18 3 ADAPTATION…………………………………… 4 WAYS OF UPDATED NDC IMPLEMENTATION…………………………………………………………….… 25ABBREVIATIONS GDP Gross domestic product RES Renewable energy sources HPP Hydro power plant HFCs Hydrofluorocarbons GCF Green Climate Fund COP Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change CDM Clean Development Mechanism IFI International financial institutions NAP National adaptation plan GHGs Greenhouse gases GWP Global warming potential of greenhouse gases FBUR First Biennial Updated Report INDCs Intended Nationally Determined Contributions IPPU Greenhouse Gas Inventory Sector "Industrial Processes and Product Use" UNDP United Nations Development Programme PFCs Perfluorocarbons UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change AFOLU Greenhouse Gas Inventory Sector "Agriculture, forestry and other types of land use" SW Solid waste TPP Thermal power plant SDG Sustainable Development Goals ICTU Information needed for clarity, transparency and understanding LDN Land Degradation Neutrality NDC Nationally Determined Contribution MRV Monitoring, reporting and verification NACAG Nitric Acid Climate Action Group RCP Representative Concentration PathwaysEXECUTIVE SUMMARY Uzbekistan joined the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on June 20, 1993. | Uzbekistan | {
"answer_start": 21,
"text": "The Republic of Uzbekistan has increased its commitments in the updated natio nally determined contribution (NDC) and intends to reduce specific gree nhouse gas emissions per unit of GDP by 35% by 2030 from the level of 2010 instead of 10% specified in the NDC1."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Uzbekistan_Updated%20NDC_2021_EN.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | UZB |
T_Economy_C | T_BYE | en-US | The Republic of Uzbekistan has increased its commitments in the updated natio nally determined contribution (NDC) and intends to reduce specific gree nhouse gas emissions per unit of GDP by 35% by 2030 from the level of 2010 instead of 10% specified in the NDC1.CONTENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….… 5 2.1 Information needed for clarity, transparency and understanding of the nationally determined contributions ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 2.2 Additional information on mitigation aspects in the Republic of Uzbekistan …………… 18 3 ADAPTATION…………………………………… 4 WAYS OF UPDATED NDC IMPLEMENTATION…………………………………………………………….… 25ABBREVIATIONS GDP Gross domestic product RES Renewable energy sources HPP Hydro power plant HFCs Hydrofluorocarbons GCF Green Climate Fund COP Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change CDM Clean Development Mechanism IFI International financial institutions NAP National adaptation plan GHGs Greenhouse gases GWP Global warming potential of greenhouse gases FBUR First Biennial Updated Report INDCs Intended Nationally Determined Contributions IPPU Greenhouse Gas Inventory Sector "Industrial Processes and Product Use" UNDP United Nations Development Programme PFCs Perfluorocarbons UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change AFOLU Greenhouse Gas Inventory Sector "Agriculture, forestry and other types of land use" SW Solid waste TPP Thermal power plant SDG Sustainable Development Goals ICTU Information needed for clarity, transparency and understanding LDN Land Degradation Neutrality NDC Nationally Determined Contribution MRV Monitoring, reporting and verification NACAG Nitric Acid Climate Action Group RCP Representative Concentration PathwaysEXECUTIVE SUMMARY Uzbekistan joined the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on June 20, 1993. Uzbekistan prepared and submitted three National Communications, the First Biennial Update Report (2021) and the Inventory Reports for 1990-2017 in accordance with the UNFCCC requirements and guidelines. | Uzbekistan | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "The Republic of Uzbekistan has increased its commitments in the updated natio nally determined contribution (NDC) and intends to reduce specific gree nhouse gas emissions per unit of GDP by 35% by 2030 from the level of 2010 instead of 10% specified in the NDC1."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Uzbekistan_Updated%20NDC_2021_EN.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | UZB |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | This NDC was submitted with a conditional pledge of reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions by 25% (20,000 Gg CO2 eq.) by 2030 against a base year of 2010 under the Business As Usual (BAU) scenario with limited international support1 or by 47% (38,000 Gg CO2 eq.) with substantial international support2. The mitigation actions were focused on three programmes: (1) Sustainable forest management; (2) Sustainable agriculture, and; (3) Renewable energy and energy efficiency. Adaptation actions in this NDC were focused on strategic productive systems (agriculture, wildlife and water), strategic infrastructure and health systems and enhanced capacity building, research, technology transfer and finance for adaptation. The country requires substantial resources to meet the means of implementation of these interventions. | Zambia | {
"answer_start": 40,
"text": "By 47% (38,000 Gg CO2 eq.) with substantial international support"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Final%20Zambia_Revised%20and%20Updated_NDC_2021_.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | ZMB |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | (d) Target relative to the reference indicator, expressed numerically, for example in percentage or amount of reduction; At least 25% (20,000 Gg CO2 eq.) by 2030 against a base year of 2010 under the business as usual scenario with limited international support or By 47% (38,000 Gg CO2 eq.) with substantial international support. (e) Information on sources of data used in quantifying the reference point(s); Sources of information include; Zambia’s Biennial Update Report and Third National Communication submitted to UNFCCC Secretariat in 2020. (f) Information on the circumstances under which the Party may update the values of the reference indicators. The value of the reference indicator has been updated due to the fact that GHG emissions have been recalculated as a result of change of methodologies. | Zambia | {
"answer_start": 43,
"text": "By 47% (38,000 Gg CO2 eq.) with substantial international support"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Final%20Zambia_Revised%20and%20Updated_NDC_2021_.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | ZMB |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | Single-year target in 2030.3 Scope and coverage: (a) General description of the target; This NDC is submitted with a conditional pledge of reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions eq.) by 2030 against a base year of 2010 under the BAU scenario with levels of international support prevailing in 2015 or by 47% (38,000 Gg CO2 eq.) with substantial international support. (b) Sectors, gases, categories and pools covered by the nationally determined contribution, including, as applicable, consistent with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines; Information provided in this NDC is consistent with the IPCC guidelines: Sectors 1. Energy-categories include; Energy industries, manufacturing industries and construction, transport, and other sectors 2. Agriculture Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU)-categories include; livestock, Land and Aggregate sources and non-CO2 emissions sources on land 3. | Zambia | {
"answer_start": 49,
"text": "By 47% (38,000 Gg CO2 eq.) with substantial international support"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Final%20Zambia_Revised%20and%20Updated_NDC_2021_.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | ZMB |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | It is projected to be around 957 kWh in 2030. c. For strategies, plans and actions referred to in Article 4, paragraph 6, of the Paris Agreement, or polices and measures as components of nationally determined contributions where paragraph 1(b) above is not applicable, Parties to provide other relevant information Not applicable. d. Target relative to the reference indicator, expressed numerically, for example in percentage or amount of reduction 40% reduction in GHG emissions per capita compared to BAU by 2030, conditional on international support.Zimbabwe Revised Nationally Determined Contribution 2021 ICTU category Response e. Information on sources of data used in quantifying the reference point(s) Historical emissions data from various sources: • Zimbabwe’s National Communications • Zimbabwe’s first Biennial Update Report • National Ozone Office • OICA data on vehicle population Future emissions, including both the baseline and mitigation scenarios, were calculated using the LEAP (the Low Emissions Analysis Platform) software, integrating official government projections of population and GDP. | Zimbabwe | {
"answer_start": 69,
"text": "40% reduction in GHG emissions per capita compared to BAU by 2030, conditional on international support."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Zimbabwe%20Revised%20Nationally%20Determined%20Contribution%202021%20Final.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | ZWE |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | d. Target relative to the reference indicator, expressed numerically, for example in percentage or amount of reduction 40% reduction in GHG emissions per capita compared to BAU by 2030, conditional on international support.Zimbabwe Revised Nationally Determined Contribution 2021 ICTU category Response e. Information on sources of data used in quantifying the reference point(s) Historical emissions data from various sources: • Zimbabwe’s National Communications • Zimbabwe’s first Biennial Update Report • National Ozone Office • OICA data on vehicle population Future emissions, including both the baseline and mitigation scenarios, were calculated using the LEAP (the Low Emissions Analysis Platform) software, integrating official government projections of population and GDP. Other sources of data include: • Low Emissions Development Strategy • National Development Strategy 1: 2021-2025 • 2017 System Development Plan • Zimbabwe Livestock Growth Implementation Plan • Continuation of historic trends from Fourth National Communication Data (for emissions from IPCC category Land, 3B) The Zimbabwe LEAP model contains references to all relevant data sources and key assumptions. | Zimbabwe | {
"answer_start": 17,
"text": "40% reduction in GHG emissions per capita compared to BAU by 2030, conditional on international support."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Zimbabwe%20Revised%20Nationally%20Determined%20Contribution%202021%20Final.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | ZWE |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | Sectoral BAU baselines for each of the key mitigation sectors have been computed. c. Target relative to the reference indicator, expressed numerically, for example in percentage or amount of reduction Economy wide emissions reduction of 24.7% in 2030 below the BAU conditions. Of which, Uganda’s unconditional efforts will result into reduction of 5.9% in 2030 below the BAU conditions. | Uganda | {
"answer_start": 30,
"text": "Economy wide emissions reduction of 24.7% in 2030 below the BAU conditions."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/Updated%20NDC%20_Uganda_2022%20Final.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | UGA |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | Mitigation Strategies Sri Lanka being a developing country, anticipates achieving the development objectives while moving in a low carbon development pathway. Mainly five sectors have been identified under mitigation for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. These are sectors of energy (electricity generation), transport, industry, forests and waste. Possible emission reduction actions have been identified in each sector, which are to be implemented during the period of 2020 to 2030. NDCs for Mitigation intends to reduce the GHG emissions against BAU scenario by 20% in the energy sector (4% unconditionally and 16% conditionally) and by 10% in other sectors (transport, industry, forests and waste) by 3% unconditionally and 7% conditionally by 2030. 5.1. Energy Sector-Electricity generation Sri Lanka has realized almost 100% electrification through the national grid. | Sri Lanka | {
"answer_start": 68,
"text": "NDCs for Mitigation intends to reduce the GHG emissions against BAU scenario by 20% in the energy sector (4% unconditionally and 16% conditionally)"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NDCs%20of%20Sri%20Lanka.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | LKA |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | For this, Angola‟s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) encompasses for Mitigation purposes both unconditional and conditional measures for the reduction of GHG. The country is committed to stabilize its emissions, and contribute to climate change mitigation by 2030, targeting the following sectors: Power generation from renewable sources; and Reforestation. Angola plans to reduce GHG emissions up to 35% unconditionally by 2030 as compared to the Business As Usual (BAU) scenario (base year 2005). In addition, it is expected that through a conditional mitigation scenariothe country could reduce an additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030. In achieving its unconditional and conditional targets Angola expects to reduce its emissions trajectory by nearly 50% below the BAU scenario by 2030 at overall cost of over 14.7billion USD. | Angola | {
"answer_start": 87,
"text": "An additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Angola%20deposito.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | AGO |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | Contribution level Therefore, the country is committed to stabilize its emissions by reducing GHG emissions up to 50% below BAU emission levels by 2030 through unconditional and conditional actions targeting the following sectors: Power generation from renewable sources; and Reforestation. Unconditional Reduction The level of reduction planned unconditionally is expected to be up to 35% by 2030 as compared to the Business As Usual (BAU) scenario, taking 2005 as the reference year. Conditional Reduction In a conditional mitigation scenario Angola plans to reduce further its emissions. Therefore, the mitigation options identified in this scenario are expected to reduce an additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030. | Angola | {
"answer_start": 98,
"text": "An additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Angola%20deposito.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | AGO |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | Therefore, the mitigation options identified in this scenario are expected to reduce an additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030. In total, in achieving its unconditional and conditional targets Angola 2JoergenFenhann, UNEP DTU Partnership, e-mail jqfe@dtu.dkexpects to reduce its emissions trajectory by nearly 50% below the BAU scenario across sectors by 2030. Baseline scenario and projections of Unconditional and Conditional mitigation scenarios for Angola Emissions – BAU scenario (ktCO2 e) Emissions - Unconditional scenario e) Emissions - Conditional scenario e) *From the baseline scenario. Strategy and planning processes For metrics and methodologies Global Warming Potential on a 100 year timescale is used in accordance with the IPCC s 4th Assessment Report. The contribution is to be developed into an emissions budget for the period 2021 to 2030. | Angola | {
"answer_start": 12,
"text": "An additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Angola%20deposito.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | AGO |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | The sector is thought to have captured close to 3 million tons of CO2 e in 2005, and the country is committed to increase carbon sequestration from the forestry sector to 5 million tons of CO2 e per year by 2030. Presentation of conditional mitigation options Key available projects that are expected to maximize the amount of avoided emissions, while concurrently minimizing the level of required upfront investment have been selected as potential mitigation options to be developed conditionally.These mitigation options identified in this scenario are expected to reduce an additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030. | Angola | {
"answer_start": 89,
"text": "An additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Angola%20deposito.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | AGO |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | Presentation of conditional mitigation options Key available projects that are expected to maximize the amount of avoided emissions, while concurrently minimizing the level of required upfront investment have been selected as potential mitigation options to be developed conditionally.These mitigation options identified in this scenario are expected to reduce an additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030. By undertaking Personal Communication.Forest Development Institute of Angola (IDF).these actions Angola will achieve the potential conditional target of 50 % emissions reductionbelow BAU emission levels by 2030.For this, the Government of Angola will pursue international support to utilize existing and emerging climate finance mechanisms and will encourage investments in green growth development initiatives. | Angola | {
"answer_start": 48,
"text": "An additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Angola%20deposito.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | AGO |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | - GHG emission projections for 2020: 116.36 million tCO2 e - GHG emission projections for 2030: 187.73 million tCO2 e The BAU scenario projection will be revised to include more accurate information with preparation of the National Communications and Biennial Update.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Page 5 Unconditional contribution Based the on national circumstances, common but differentiated responsibility and its capability, DPR Korea will reduce GHG emissions by 8.0% compared to BAU scenario, by 2030 with domestic resources. Conditional contribution DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received through international cooperation including the financial support under the Paris Agreement. | Democratic People's Republic of Korea | {
"answer_start": 85,
"text": "DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | PRK |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | Conditional contribution DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received through international cooperation including the financial support under the Paris Agreement. 2.2 Fair and Ambitious DPR Korea’s GHG emission is 65 714GgCO2 e in 2000, which accounts for 0.16% of the World GHG emission in 2000 (40GtCO2 e). With the GHG emission of 2.9tCO2 e per capita in 2000, DPR Korea is one of low GHG emitting countries in terms of emissions per capita. GHG emission per capita will be increased to 6.5tCO2 e in 2030, but it will be still below the world average. | Democratic People's Republic of Korea | {
"answer_start": 2,
"text": "DPR Korea could achieve the additional contribution equivalent to 32.25% of the GHG emission in the BAU scenario by 2030 if international support is received"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/DPRK-INDC%20by%202030.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | PRK |
T_Economy_C | T_TRA, T_BAU | en-US | The positive abatement revenues indicate the potential priority projects with short term returns while; the negative abatement revenues have long term returns yet projects have substantial CO2 eq emission reduction. Trajectory Objective Towards 2030 The government of Eritrea is committed to reduce the CO2 emissions from fossil fuels by 4.2% in 2020, 6.2% by 2025 and 12.0% by 2030 compared to the projected BAU of the reference year of 2010. If additional support is availed, it can further be reduced by 12.6% in 2020, 24.9% by 2025 and 38.5 by the year 2030. Table 2. Reduction of fossil fuel CO2 emissions Scenario (%) Year The business as usual (BAU) scenario, for all GHG gases, is expected to increase to 4.1 MtCO2 eq. | Eritrea | {
"answer_start": 70,
"text": "If additional support is availed, it can further be reduced by 12.6% in 2020, 24.9% by 2025 and 38.5 by the year 2030."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/NRC%20Eritrea.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | ERI |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | Low carbon and efficient transportation systems. Climate smart agriculture (CSA) in line with the National CSA Framework. Sustainable waste management systems. Kenya seeks to undertake an ambitious mitigation contribution towards the 2015 Agreement. Kenya therefore seeks to abate its GHG emissions by 30% by 2030 relative to the BAU scenario of 143 MtCO2eq; and in line with its sustainable development agenda. This is also subject to international support in the form of finance, investment, technology development and transfer, and capacity building.MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES 2.1.1 Information to facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding Timeframe for implementation The timeframe for implementation of the INDC is up to 2030. Scope of gases included in the contribution Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), and Nitrous Oxide (N2O) are prioritised. | Kenya | {
"answer_start": 42,
"text": "30% by 2030 relative to the BAU scenario of 143 MtCO2eq"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Kenya_NDC_20150723.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | KEN |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | However, financial and technical constraints do not permit realization of the full mitigation potential. It is likely that these challenges will continue to feature prominently in future national discourse and would only be effectively addressed with financial grants and technical assistance from the international community.5.2 Pak-INDC Statement Having considered the existing potential for mitigation in the country, Pakistan intends to reduce up to 20% of its 2030 projected GHG emissions subject to availability of international grants to meet the total abatement cost for the indicated 20 percent reduction amounting to about US$ 40 billion at current prices. Pakistan’s adaptation needs range between U$ 7 to U$ 14 billion/annum during this period. | Pakistan | {
"answer_start": 57,
"text": "Pakistan intends to reduce up to 20% of its 2030 projected GHG emissions subject to availability of international grants"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Pak-INDC.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | PAK |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | Given Palau’s remoteness, the small size of the economy, low GDP per capita, dependence on partnership support and vulnerability to climate change, Palau’s proposed targets are ambitious and fair as measured against other nations. Under the BAU scenario emissions would be 140 thousand tCO2e in 2025, compared to 68 thousand tCO2e if both the renewable energy and energy efficiency targets are met.Emissions in 2005 were approximated at 88 thousand tCO2e. Full implementation of the renewable energy and energy efficiency strategies outlined below puts Palau on a trajectory to reducing emissions by half as against BAU in 2025, the equivalent of 22% under 2005 emissions levels. Business-‐As Usual emissions projection against INDC full implementation emissions projection (and Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency scenarios disaggregated) 3. Accompanying Information on Palau’s INDC a. | Palau | {
"answer_start": 88,
"text": "reducing emissions by half as against BAU in 2025, the equivalent of 22% under 2005 emissions levels"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Palau_INDC.Final%20Copy.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | PLW |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | en-US | The intended contributions by these sectors are considered fair and ambitious in light of Tanzania’s national circumstances and for achieving the UNFCCC objective. Tanzania will reduce greenhouse gas emissions economy wide between 10-20% by 2030 relative to the BAU scenario of 138 - 153 Million tones of carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO2e)- gross emissions, depending on the baseline efficiency improvements, consistent with its sustainable development agenda. The emissions reduction is subject to review after the first Biennial Update Report (BUR).Years) BAU# Baseline# Low# Ambi:on# High# Ambi:on# Fig. 1: Projected emission reduction from BAU3 with low and high ambition by 2030. | United Republic of Tanzania | {
"answer_start": 33,
"text": "20% by 2030 relative to the BAU scenario"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/The%20United%20Republic%20of%20Tanzania%20First%20NDC.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | 1st NDC | null | TZA |
T_Economy_C | T_BAU | es-ES | De forma condicionada, México puede aumentar su meta al 2030 hasta 40%, con respecto a su línea base en 2030, si se escala el financiamiento internacional, la innovación y transferencia tecnológica, y si otros países, principalmente los mayores emisores, realizan esfuerzos conmensurados a los objetivos más ambiciosos del Acuerdo de París. Finalmente, se ratifica la meta de reducción de las emisiones de carbono negro de 51% de forma no condicionada en 2030, y 70% de forma condicionada. El escenario tendencial proyectado al 2030, sin intervención de política de mitigación se cuantificó en 991 MtCO2 e como punto de referencia para 2030. | Mexico | {
"answer_start": 51,
"text": "Finalmente, se ratifica la meta de reducción de las emisiones de carbono negro de 51% de forma no condicionada en 2030, y 70% de forma condicionada."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-11/Mexico_NDC_UNFCCC_update2022_FINAL.pdf | Are there economy-wide conditional targets? | Updated NDC | 2030 | MEX |
P_Specific | null | en-US | Increased levels of active travel can improve everyday life for us all. 17. We will deliver the Prime Minister’s bold vision for cycling and walking, investing £2 billion over five years with the vision that half of all journeys in towns and cities will be cycled or walked by 2030. We will also deliver thousands of miles of safe, continuous, direct routes for cycling in towns and cities, physically separated from pedestrians and volume motor traffic along with more low traffic neighbourhoods and school streets. Net Zero Strategy: Build Back Greener18. We will deliver a world class cycling and walking network in England by 2040. | United Kingdom | {
"answer_start": 13,
"text": "We will deliver the Prime Minister’s bold vision for cycling and walking, investing £2 billion over five years with the vision that half of all journeys in towns and cities will be cycled or walked by 2030."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/UK%20Net%20Zero%20Strategy%20-%20Build%20Back%20Greener.pdf | What are the specific priority projects identified? | LTS | null | GBR |
P_Specific | null | en-US | We will make buses more frequent, more reliable, more comprehensive, easier to understand and use, better co-ordinated and cheaper – to dramatically increase passenger numbers and reduce congestion and carbon emissions. 20. We will support delivery of 4,000 new zero emission buses, either battery electric or hydrogen, and the infrastructure needed to support them. This will be the single largest investment ever made in zero emission buses, representing the replacement of nearly 12% of England’s local operator bus fleet. 21. We will deliver the first All-Electric Bus City. This will demonstrate what can be achieved when there is a real commitment to move all buses in a place to electric zero emission. Coventry has now been announced as the UK’s first all-electric bus city, with £50 million to fund up to 300 electric buses and charging infrastructure. 22. | United Kingdom | {
"answer_start": 32,
"text": "We will support delivery of 4,000 new zero emission buses, either battery electric or hydrogen, and the infrastructure needed to support them."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/UK%20Net%20Zero%20Strategy%20-%20Build%20Back%20Greener.pdf | What are the specific priority projects identified? | LTS | null | GBR |
P_Specific | null | en-US | Another initiative in this direction is the Sagarmala Project with the objective to augment port-led development and promote efficient transportation of goods. Bharatmala Project which envisions constructing about 5,000 km of road network all along the coastal areas will further provide connectivity to these ports. 4) The vision of Urban Transport policies is to focus on moving ‘people’ rather than ‘vehicles’, in which Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) would play an important role. 5) Around 236 km of metro rail have been made operational in the country. Further, about 550 km are under construction and 600 km under consideration for different cities across the country including Ahmedabad, Pune, and Lucknow. | India | {
"answer_start": 7,
"text": "Sagarmala Project with the objective to augment port-led development and promote efficient transportation of goods. Bharatmala Project which envisions constructing about 5,000 km of road network all along the coastal areas will further provide connectivity to these ports"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDIA%20INDC%20TO%20UNFCCC.pdf | What are the specific priority projects identified? | 1st NDC | null | IND |
P_Specific | null | en-US | solar pumps) for water pumping, distribution and irrigation; and promoting the built-up of a comprehensive network of energy services companies (ESCOs) and clean-energy business incubators. Transport-specific NAMA Seek to develop a NAMA that increases energy efficiency of the transport sector, including domestic shipping and domestic air travel, and evaluates options for policies and actions available to reduce the impact of GHG emissions originating from this sector. The NAMA will initially be focused on the collection of relevant data_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14 | P á g i n a for the sector, including, among others, fuel type and consumption per transport mode, technology performance, fuel substitution possibilities, estimation of costs, and an updated GHG emissions profile for light-duty vehicles as well as for freight and passenger transportation services. | Cabo Verde | {
"answer_start": 26,
"text": "Transport-specific NAMA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Cabo_Verde_INDC_.pdf | What are the specific priority projects identified? | 1st NDC | null | CPV |
G_Group | null | en-US | Planning process (a) Information on the planning processes that the Party undertook to prepare its NDC and, if available, on the Party’s implementation plans, including, as appropriate: i) Domestic institutional arrangements, public participation and engagement with local communities and indigenous peoples, in a gender-responsive manner; Brunei Darussalam has established a multi-sectoral climate change institutional governance to ensure a Whole-of-Nation approach in addressing the challenges and opportunities of climate change at a national level. The climate change governance structure consists of the Brunei Darussalam National Council on Climate Change, Executive Committee on Climate Change, Mitigation Working Group, Adaptation and Resilience Working Group, and Support Framework Working Group. | Brunei Darussalam | {
"answer_start": 73,
"text": "The climate change governance structure consists of the Brunei Darussalam National Council on Climate Change, Executive Committee on Climate Change, Mitigation Working Group, Adaptation and Resilience Working Group, and Support Framework Working Group."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Brunei%20Darussalam's%20NDC%202020.pdf | What NDC governance groups or mechanism are identified? | Updated NDC | null | BRN |
G_Group | null | en-US | The climate change governance structure consists of the Brunei Darussalam National Council on Climate Change, Executive Committee on Climate Change, Mitigation Working Group, Adaptation and Resilience Working Group, and Support Framework Working Group. The Brunei Darussalam National Council on Climate Change comprises of four key ministers and a deputy minister and it is co-chaired by the Honourable Minister of Development and the Honourable Minister of Energy to provide the highest level of strategic direction in addressing climate change. The Executive Committee on Climate Change is composed of Permanent Secretaries of key government agencies, Chief Executive Officers and Managing Directors of industry operators, Presidents of professional associations, academia and non-governmental organisations to drive national climate mitigation, adaptation and support efforts. | Brunei Darussalam | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "The climate change governance structure consists of the Brunei Darussalam National Council on Climate Change, Executive Committee on Climate Change, Mitigation Working Group, Adaptation and Resilience Working Group, and Support Framework Working Group."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Brunei%20Darussalam's%20NDC%202020.pdf | What NDC governance groups or mechanism are identified? | Updated NDC | null | BRN |
G_Group | null | en-US | Mitigation actions within adaptation projects will be captured through the data collection framework and GHG inventory and reported in the respective sectors. 4. Planning process (a) Information on the planning processes that the Party undertook to prepare its NDC and, if available, on the Party’s implementation plans, including, as appropriate: (i) Domestic institutional arrangements, public participation and engagement with local communities and indigenous peoples, in a gender-responsive manner; Grenada’s NDC planning process was led by the National Climate Change Committee (NCCC) and involved the following steps: - A technical committee as a sub-group from the NCCC was formed in 2018 and comprised of representatives from the relevant ministries (Ministry of Agriculture, Lands, Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment; the Energy Division in the Ministry of Infrastructure Development, Public Utilities, Energy, Transport and Implementation). | Grenada | {
"answer_start": 87,
"text": "A technical committee as a sub-group from the NCCC was formed in 2018 and comprised of representatives from the relevant ministries (Ministry of Agriculture, Lands, Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment; the Energy Division in the Ministry of Infrastructure Development, Public Utilities, Energy, Transport and Implementation)"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/GrenadaSecondNDC2020%20-%2001-12-20.pdf | What NDC governance groups or mechanism are identified? | 2nd NDC | null | GRD |
G_Group | null | en-US | Planning process (a) Information on the planning processes that the Party undertook to prepare its NDC and, if available, on the Party’s implementation plans, including, as appropriate: (i) Domestic institutional arrangements, public participation and engagement with local communities and indigenous peoples, in a gender-responsive manner; Grenada’s NDC planning process was led by the National Climate Change Committee (NCCC) and involved the following steps: - A technical committee as a sub-group from the NCCC was formed in 2018 and comprised of representatives from the relevant ministries (Ministry of Agriculture, Lands, Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment; the Energy Division in the Ministry of Infrastructure Development, Public Utilities, Energy, Transport and Implementation). - Several workshops were held with key stakeholders to develop strategies and initiatives and to identify the possible data sources that will be needed to update the NDC. | Grenada | {
"answer_start": 64,
"text": "A technical committee as a sub-group from the NCCC was formed in 2018 and comprised of representatives from the relevant ministries (Ministry of Agriculture, Lands, Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment; the Energy Division in the Ministry of Infrastructure Development, Public Utilities, Energy, Transport and Implementation)"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/GrenadaSecondNDC2020%20-%2001-12-20.pdf | What NDC governance groups or mechanism are identified? | 2nd NDC | null | GRD |
R_Tech | null | en-US | Medium High 39 Potential reduction in heat island effect/internal heating and cooling load from panel shading. Low Medium 39Cambodia’s Long-Term Strategy for Carbon Neutrality 40 No Mitigation action Adaptation co-benefit Relevance (now) Relevance NDC action number Increased use of public transportation can provide additional transportation options and reduce redundancy in transportation systems during emergency events. Low Medium 56 Electric vehicles as additional emergency transportation for large populations in the event of evacuations or other major climatic events. Low Medium 56 Electric vehicles can potentially be utilized as back-up batteries in emergency situations. Low Medium 56 Power generation Reduction of exposure to fluctuating fossil fuel costs and escalating carbon costs for vulnerable populations disproportionately impacted by climate change. Medium High Facilitation of inclusiveness within the energy transition as a major pillar of adaptation (distributed generation, local renewable producers). 5 Biomass supply Charcoal forest fire prevention and biodiversity protection since fires become more common with higher temperatures and longer dry spells. | Cambodia | {
"answer_start": 80,
"text": "Electric vehicles can potentially be utilized as back-up batteries in emergency situations."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/KHM_LTS_Dec2021.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | LTS | null | KHM |
R_Tech | null | en-US | ); - Promote climate-proofing buildings and infrastructure and increase their energy efficiency performance; - Revise existing building standards to ensure that new buildings are resilient, energy- efficient, have additional mitigation effects; - Contribute to the development of a robust project pipeline for climate-smart infrastructure. Transport Improve understanding of climate change- related risks and support planning capacities for climate-resilient infrastructure in the transport sector - Provide training to decision-makers managing the construction of transport infrastructure on climate risk impacts; - Undertake periodic assessments of the level of resilience to climate change impact of the transport infrastructure; - Produce a research-analysis-assessment platform on climate change risks with impact on transport infrastructure, involving insurance companies; - Communicate transport sector climate risks to the targeted audience and general pubic using georeferenced data on climate hazards, social and gender vulnerabilities, risk mapping covering different scenarios of threats, other tools.Sectors Sectorial adaptation priorities Main activities and actions in support of adaptation priorities - Carry out research on the design and development of advanced materials and technologies aimed at increasing the resistance of roads, railways, aerodromes, ports to climate hazards; - Adjust urban and land-use planning to future climate change-related risks for transport infrastructure (roads, bridges, railways, waterways, aerodromes); - Promote funding schemes to support climate action that fit specific transport sector related needs, geographic area, other specifics. | Republic of Moldova | {
"answer_start": 157,
"text": "Carry out research on the design and development of advanced materials and technologies aimed at increasing the resistance of roads, railways, aerodromes, ports to climate hazards"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/MD_Updated_NDC_final_version_EN.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | MDA |
R_Tech | null | en-US | Transport Improve understanding of climate change- related risks and support planning capacities for climate-resilient infrastructure in the transport sector - Provide training to decision-makers managing the construction of transport infrastructure on climate risk impacts; - Undertake periodic assessments of the level of resilience to climate change impact of the transport infrastructure; - Produce a research-analysis-assessment platform on climate change risks with impact on transport infrastructure, involving insurance companies; - Communicate transport sector climate risks to the targeted audience and general pubic using georeferenced data on climate hazards, social and gender vulnerabilities, risk mapping covering different scenarios of threats, other tools.Sectors Sectorial adaptation priorities Main activities and actions in support of adaptation priorities - Carry out research on the design and development of advanced materials and technologies aimed at increasing the resistance of roads, railways, aerodromes, ports to climate hazards; - Adjust urban and land-use planning to future climate change-related risks for transport infrastructure (roads, bridges, railways, waterways, aerodromes); - Promote funding schemes to support climate action that fit specific transport sector related needs, geographic area, other specifics. Improve access to climate-resilient and safe public transport - Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all, as well as improving road safety, in particular by expanding the public transport system; - Promote a well-developed cycling path network, accessible pedestrian routes; - Promote more sustainable consumer behavior in using transport. | Republic of Moldova | {
"answer_start": 113,
"text": "Carry out research on the design and development of advanced materials and technologies aimed at increasing the resistance of roads, railways, aerodromes, ports to climate hazards"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/MD_Updated_NDC_final_version_EN.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | MDA |
R_Tech | null | en-US | Improve access to climate-resilient and safe public transport - Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all, as well as improving road safety, in particular by expanding the public transport system; - Promote a well-developed cycling path network, accessible pedestrian routes; - Promote more sustainable consumer behavior in using transport. Create sustainable transport infrastructure - Implement adaptation measures to combat the effect of temperature variation: heat- tolerant streets and highways, landscape protection, heat-resilient paving materials; milling out ruts; shifting construction schedules to cooler parts of the day; design for higher maximum temperatures in replacement or new construction; adaptation of cooling systems; - Promote and implement adaptation solutions for extreme precipitations such as climate-resilient paving materials and overlay with more rut-resilient asphalt; use of the most efficient technologies to assure sealing and renewal of asphalt concrete; wider use of efficient road maintenance methods, including preventive and corrective maintenance; improve flood protection; greater use of sensors for monitoring water flows; upgrading of road drainage systems and improved collection and disposal of rainwater from the roads; pavement grooving and sloping; implement increased standards for drainage capacity for new transportation infrastructure and major rehabilitation projects; - Identification and implementation of corporate management and advanced technological models for the management of transport infrastructure in response to the impact of climate change; - Purchase the necessary equipment for cleaning and widening riverbeds, and the development of a system for navigation monitoring, etc. | Republic of Moldova | {
"answer_start": 201,
"text": "Identification and implementation of corporate management and advanced technological models for the management of transport infrastructure in response to the impact of climate change"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/MD_Updated_NDC_final_version_EN.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | MDA |
R_Tech | null | en-US | Create sustainable transport infrastructure - Implement adaptation measures to combat the effect of temperature variation: heat- tolerant streets and highways, landscape protection, heat-resilient paving materials; milling out ruts; shifting construction schedules to cooler parts of the day; design for higher maximum temperatures in replacement or new construction; adaptation of cooling systems; - Promote and implement adaptation solutions for extreme precipitations such as climate-resilient paving materials and overlay with more rut-resilient asphalt; use of the most efficient technologies to assure sealing and renewal of asphalt concrete; wider use of efficient road maintenance methods, including preventive and corrective maintenance; improve flood protection; greater use of sensors for monitoring water flows; upgrading of road drainage systems and improved collection and disposal of rainwater from the roads; pavement grooving and sloping; implement increased standards for drainage capacity for new transportation infrastructure and major rehabilitation projects; - Identification and implementation of corporate management and advanced technological models for the management of transport infrastructure in response to the impact of climate change; - Purchase the necessary equipment for cleaning and widening riverbeds, and the development of a system for navigation monitoring, etc. - Contribute to the development of a robust project pipeline for climate-smart infrastructure. | Republic of Moldova | {
"answer_start": 142,
"text": "Identification and implementation of corporate management and advanced technological models for the management of transport infrastructure in response to the impact of climate change"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/MD_Updated_NDC_final_version_EN.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | MDA |
R_Tech | null | en-US | Reduction in CH4 emissions, since methane-producing microbes are not active in the presence of oxygen. Sustainable management of water sheds and fresh water resources for human ecological benefits Enforcement of by-laws for land use management and water sheds (Local authorities and police) Established Watershed and fresh water committee that are gender sensitive for responsible and sustainable water management Review and update of National Laws towards Water Sheds Maintain the integrity of the marine and coastal environment Capacity building and sensitization of communities to waste segregation (Door to door campaign) Building the Capacity of community Youth to transform waste into wealth Diversification of economic growth through strengthened transport sub-sector, particularly the infrastructure to contribute to the reduction of regional and global emissions of greenhouses and Designing and improvement of provincial and feeder roads using Climate resilient surfacing materials. | Sierra Leone | {
"answer_start": 124,
"text": "Designing and improvement of provincial and feeder roads using Climate resilient surfacing materials."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/210804%202125%20SL%20NDC%20(1).pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | SLE |
R_Tech | null | en-US | Sustainable management of water sheds and fresh water resources for human ecological benefits Enforcement of by-laws for land use management and water sheds (Local authorities and police) Established Watershed and fresh water committee that are gender sensitive for responsible and sustainable water management Review and update of National Laws towards Water Sheds Maintain the integrity of the marine and coastal environment Capacity building and sensitization of communities to waste segregation (Door to door campaign) Building the Capacity of community Youth to transform waste into wealth Diversification of economic growth through strengthened transport sub-sector, particularly the infrastructure to contribute to the reduction of regional and global emissions of greenhouses and Designing and improvement of provincial and feeder roads using Climate resilient surfacing materials. Mass transportation (rail, road and water) for passengers and cargoes using clean alternative energy sources Improvement of the water transport system Quality control for spare parts for all types of vehicles Promote emission testing for all heavy types of machinery and vehiclesUpdated Nationally Determined Contribution build a stable economy. | Sierra Leone | {
"answer_start": 109,
"text": "Designing and improvement of provincial and feeder roads using Climate resilient surfacing materials."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/210804%202125%20SL%20NDC%20(1).pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | SLE |
R_Tech | null | en-US | 2 First NDC available at: SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events • Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide • Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel • Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions of black carbon • Reduced emissions of HFCs • Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns • Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports • Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover • Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods • Preservation of food supply/security • Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems • Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems • Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions • Reduction of coastal erosion • Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection • Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions from fishing fuel • Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides • Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock • Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) • Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3. | Micronesia | {
"answer_start": 1020,
"text": "By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | FSM |
R_Tech | null | en-US | SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events • Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide • Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel • Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions of black carbon • Reduced emissions of HFCs • Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns • Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports • Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover • Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods • Preservation of food supply/security • Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems • Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems • Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions • Reduction of coastal erosion • Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection • Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduced emissions from fishing fuel • Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides • Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock • Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits • Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits • Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) • Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits • Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3. NATIONAL CONTEXT Geography, Political Organization, and Economy The FSM is an archipelagic nation in the Western Pacific Ocean. | Micronesia | {
"answer_start": 1015,
"text": "By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | FSM |
R_Tech | null | en-US | Therefore, the FSM aims to carefully maintain and update its primary cargo and transportation vessels, and may look to secure additional vessels. Indeed, in some circumstances, running smaller vessels more frequently can decrease fuel usage, thereby lowering both costs and emissions, while improving the economy and emergency response capacity.Contributions Unconditional By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan. Conditional By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping. Conditional By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations. | Micronesia | {
"answer_start": 70,
"text": "By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | FSM |
R_Tech | null | en-US | Conditional By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations. Climate Change Co-Benefits Mitigation Adaptation • Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels • Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) • Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies and other natural resources Means of Implementation Requirements Completion of GIS mapping is expected to require additional financial resources to pay for technical assistance. Acquiring one to two additional transport and emergency response vessels will either require significant financial support or an in-kind contribution. Relevant SDGs Good health is advanced by preparing communities for severe climatic events and responding to such events in a timely manner. | Micronesia | {
"answer_start": 1,
"text": "By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | Updated NDC | null | FSM |
R_Tech | null | en-US | The Mexican Government has identified a series of areas where technology transfer could be of benefit of the country for adaptation, including through: Access to information systems in order to monitor hydrometeorological events in real time and thus consolidate and enhance early warning systems. Availability of methods and tools to assess climate impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in specific sectors and regions. Water technologies for savings, recycling, capture, irrigation and sustainable management for agriculture purposes. Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse effects of climate change in particular for roads and massive transportation Technologies for the protection of coastal and river infrastructure. | Mexico | {
"answer_start": 74,
"text": "Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse effects of climate change in particular for roads and massive transportation"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/MEXICO%20INDC%2003.30.2015.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | 1st NDC | null | MEX |
R_Tech | null | en-US | The Mexican Government has identified a series of areas where technology transfer could be of benefit of the country for adaptation, including through: Access to information systems in order to monitor hydrometeorological events in real time and thus consolidate and enhance early warning systems. Availability of methods and tools to assess climate impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in specific sectors and regions. Water technologies for savings, recycling, capture, irrigation and sustainable management for agriculture purposes. Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse effects of climate change in particular for roads and massive transportation Technologies for the protection of coastal and river infrastructure. | Mexico | {
"answer_start": 93,
"text": "Technologies for the protection of coastal and river infrastructure."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/MEXICO%20INDC%2003.30.2015.pdf | What structural, technical and infrastructure upgrades are envisioned? | 1st NDC | null | MEX |
G_Respon | null | en-US | The work on the Climate Action Plan was carried out by an inter- ministerial working-group, with the Association of Local Authorities also represented, led by the Ministry for the Environment and Natural Resources. (i) Domestic institutional arrangements, public participation and engagement with local communities and indigenous peoples, in a gender-responsive manner; The Climate Action Plan, published in 2020, reflects comments and suggestions received during public hearing as well as conclusions of a consultation process with stakeholders and civil society.Institutional arrangements: Through the climate cooperation with the European Union and Norway, specific regulation has been implemented, covering all emission and sectors (see 3(a)). The Ministry for the Environment and Natural Resources has the overarching cross-sectoral responsibility for coordination and implementation, whereas different ministries are responsible for actions that falls under their respective sectors. | Iceland | {
"answer_start": 102,
"text": "The Ministry for the Environment and Natural Resources has the overarching cross-sectoral responsibility for coordination and implementation, whereas different ministries are responsible for actions that falls under their respective sectors."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Iceland_updated_NDC_Submission_Feb_2021.pdf | Who is responsible for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | ISL |
G_Respon | null | en-US | The Ministry for the Environment and Natural Resources has the overarching cross-sectoral responsibility for coordination and implementation, whereas different ministries are responsible for actions that falls under their respective sectors. The Ministry for Finance is responsible for tax schemes. The coordination is carried out by inter-ministerial working-group, where the Association of Local Authorities is also represented, led by the Ministry for the Environment and Natural Resources. With an amendment made to the Climate Act No 70/2012 in 2019, the administration framework regarding climate issues was strengthened. | Iceland | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "The Ministry for the Environment and Natural Resources has the overarching cross-sectoral responsibility for coordination and implementation, whereas different ministries are responsible for actions that falls under their respective sectors."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Iceland_updated_NDC_Submission_Feb_2021.pdf | Who is responsible for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | ISL |
G_Respon | null | en-US | Increased adaptative capacity as a result of increased off-farm business for rural community having access to electricity/ energy. UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONTransport Public transport infrastructure Wide range of measures including bus rapid transport (BRT) project, bus lanes, non-motorised transport lanes, and other modal shift projects contained in the Transport Sector Strategic Plan as part of the NST1. MININFRA (RTDA, REMA, RURA, CoK, transport operators) 50 million USD (but cost estimates are limited to bus mea- sures only). Increased resilience of transport infrastructure. Improved health and reduction of harmful pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts. Electric vehicles (EVs) The e-mobility programme plans for the phased adoption of electric buses, passenger vehicles (cars) and motorocycles from 2020 onwards, resulting in displaced conventional vehicle sales, transport fuel imports and associated GHG emissions. MININFRA (RTDA, REMA, RURA CoK, transport operators) Total costs including EVs and charging infrastructure est. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 57,
"text": "MININFRA (RTDA, REMA, RURA, CoK, transport operators)"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | Who is responsible for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Respon | null | en-US | The ministry will also promote energy efficiency measures to reduce the carbon footprint of mining and quarrying processes. Transport The Ministry of Transport and Ministry of Roads and Bridges will be the main implementing entities responsible for formulation and development of policies for the transport sector, such as vehicular emission standards and regulations for promoting the use of EVs in the country. The South Sudan Roads Authority will support the development of climate-resilient road infrastructure in South Sudan. Industry The Ministry of Trade and Industry will act as implementing entity for this sector. | South Sudan | {
"answer_start": 19,
"text": "The Ministry of Transport and Ministry of Roads and Bridges will be the main implementing entities responsible for formulation and development of policies for the transport sector, such as vehicular emission standards and regulations for promoting the use of EVs in the country. The South Sudan Roads Authority will support the development of climate-resilient road infrastructure in South Sudan."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/South%20Sudan's%20Second%20Nationally%20Determined%20Contribution.pdf | Who is responsible for transport activities? | 2nd NDC | null | SSD |
G_Respon | null | en-US | The LT-LEDS pathway for transport supports this NDC aim through either establishing mandatory vehicle standards and/or incentives for purchasing more efficient vehicles through taxes, fees, or import tariffs. Relevant national policies, sectoral policies and links with the LT-LEDS All transport responsibilities come under the Ministry of Infrastructure (MOI), under which sit a number of entities managing land, maritime and aviation sub-sectors. The main actor in land transport is the Land Transport Division of MOI. The main actors in the maritime sector in Tonga are the Marine and Ports Division (MPD) of the MOI, Ports Authority Tonga (PAT), Ministry of Education, Tonga Maritime Polytechnic Institute (TMPI) and a number of private sector actors. | Tonga | {
"answer_start": 38,
"text": "All transport responsibilities come under the Ministry of Infrastructure (MOI), under which sit a number of entities managing land, maritime and aviation sub-sectors."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/TON_LTS_Nov2021.pdf | Who is responsible for transport activities? | LTS | null | TON |
I_Capacity | null | en-US | Mainstream climate change into existing transport management plan to strengthen emission control. 2. Strengthen institutional capacity for developing strategies for integrated transport services; developing technical and safety standards and the enforcement of policies including emission control. 3. Improve the quality and reliability of transport infrastructure and services. 4. Develop emission reduction and tracking system of pollutants from vehicles. 5. Blend up to 5% of palm oil biodiesel with both gasoline and diesel by 2030 for vehicles.II. ADAPTATION Impacts and Vulnerability Vulnerability and adaptation assessments conducted have revealed that Liberia is faced with climate change and variability leading to extreme events, which have negative impact on agriculture, forestry, health, energy and other sectors. Climate change impacts are marked by irregular patterns of rainfall, flooding, high temperature, and coastal erosion. | Liberia | {
"answer_start": 13,
"text": "Strengthen institutional capacity for developing strategies for integrated transport services"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Final%20Submission%20Sept%2030%202015%20Liberia.pdf | What are the impacts of education and behavior changes? | 1st NDC | null | LBR |
I_Capacity | null | en-US | Training/advisory support in awareness raising for ESL from agencies and countries that have implemented such programmes Training through technical courses organized in Pakistan and abroad Training/advisory support for financial institutions on designing and implementing fiscal instruments Development of national systems for regulating the renewables and improving institutional / technical linkages with key players in the private sectorTechnical expertise in developing, installing and maintaining solar and wind power sources Training through technical courses organized in Pakistan and abroad Public sector capacity for promoting, regulating and monitoring energy efficiency Development of capacity to monitor and verify progress on the enforcement of ESL. Transport Awareness raising and provision of incentives for efficient vehicle operations Development of awareness materials and demonstration events in cities to show how to maintain vehicles efficiently Training of vehicle service providers through short courses on dissemination of information to vehicle owners and users Preparation of training materials for financial institutions on loan packages to finance efficiency improvements in the vehicle fleet Visits of representatives from financial institutions to countries where such loans schemes have been successful Upgrading and modernization of rail services Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for modern rail systems Training of technical staff to operate modern rail systems Upgrading and development of efficient public transport systems Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for public urban transport systems Training of technical staff to operate modern urban transport systems Public sector capacity to monitor and evaluate programs of mitigation and effectively manage the modernized rail and energy efficient public transport systems Visits of transport specialists to Pakistan Training of public sector officials on regulating and monitoring modern transport systems Study visits of Pakistan staff to countries with modern rail and bus rapid transport in citiesAgriculture Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Training programs on climate change and CSA for national, sub-national and local authorities by national and international experts Training programs on climate change and CSA financing needs for banks and micro-finance institutions Farmer field schools focused on specific CSA activities (e.g. | Pakistan | {
"answer_start": 209,
"text": "Training of technical staff to operate modern rail systems"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Pak-INDC.pdf | What are the impacts of education and behavior changes? | 1st NDC | null | PAK |
I_Capacity | null | en-US | Transport Awareness raising and provision of incentives for efficient vehicle operations Development of awareness materials and demonstration events in cities to show how to maintain vehicles efficiently Training of vehicle service providers through short courses on dissemination of information to vehicle owners and users Preparation of training materials for financial institutions on loan packages to finance efficiency improvements in the vehicle fleet Visits of representatives from financial institutions to countries where such loans schemes have been successful Upgrading and modernization of rail services Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for modern rail systems Training of technical staff to operate modern rail systems Upgrading and development of efficient public transport systems Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for public urban transport systems Training of technical staff to operate modern urban transport systems Public sector capacity to monitor and evaluate programs of mitigation and effectively manage the modernized rail and energy efficient public transport systems Visits of transport specialists to Pakistan Training of public sector officials on regulating and monitoring modern transport systems Study visits of Pakistan staff to countries with modern rail and bus rapid transport in citiesAgriculture Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Training programs on climate change and CSA for national, sub-national and local authorities by national and international experts Training programs on climate change and CSA financing needs for banks and micro-finance institutions Farmer field schools focused on specific CSA activities (e.g. soil conservation). | Pakistan | {
"answer_start": 109,
"text": "Training of technical staff to operate modern rail systems"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Pak-INDC.pdf | What are the impacts of education and behavior changes? | 1st NDC | null | PAK |
I_Capacity | null | en-US | Transport Awareness raising and provision of incentives for efficient vehicle operations Development of awareness materials and demonstration events in cities to show how to maintain vehicles efficiently Training of vehicle service providers through short courses on dissemination of information to vehicle owners and users Preparation of training materials for financial institutions on loan packages to finance efficiency improvements in the vehicle fleet Visits of representatives from financial institutions to countries where such loans schemes have been successful Upgrading and modernization of rail services Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for modern rail systems Training of technical staff to operate modern rail systems Upgrading and development of efficient public transport systems Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for public urban transport systems Training of technical staff to operate modern urban transport systems Public sector capacity to monitor and evaluate programs of mitigation and effectively manage the modernized rail and energy efficient public transport systems Visits of transport specialists to Pakistan Training of public sector officials on regulating and monitoring modern transport systems Study visits of Pakistan staff to countries with modern rail and bus rapid transport in citiesAgriculture Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Training programs on climate change and CSA for national, sub-national and local authorities by national and international experts Training programs on climate change and CSA financing needs for banks and micro-finance institutions Farmer field schools focused on specific CSA activities (e.g. soil conservation). Exposure visits of farmer groups to different regions to learn about specific CSA activities Curriculum development/enhancement within universities and technical institutes providing training for extensions workers on climate change and CSA practices Strengthening Risk Management system Training of extension workers in risk management and risk transfer mechanism Developing an institutional set-up for providing agriculture insurance Farmer field schools to build awareness of agriculture insurance options Study tours of government officials / members of the financial sector in other relevant countries Pre-feasibility study to assess viability and capacity gaps pertaining to the development of national weather index insurance system Conclusion Pakistan reiterates its commitment and obligations towards the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and Paris Agreement, and the objective to limit the average global temperature increase to 1.5 to 2.0 degrees Centigrade. | Pakistan | {
"answer_start": 109,
"text": "Training of technical staff to operate modern rail systems"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Pak-INDC.pdf | What are the impacts of education and behavior changes? | 1st NDC | null | PAK |
I_Capacity | null | en-US | Training/advisory support in awareness raising for ESL from agencies and countries that have implemented such programmes Training through technical courses organized in Pakistan and abroad Training/advisory support for financial institutions on designing and implementing fiscal instruments Development of national systems for regulating the renewables and improving institutional / technical linkages with key players in the private sectorTechnical expertise in developing, installing and maintaining solar and wind power sources Training through technical courses organized in Pakistan and abroad Public sector capacity for promoting, regulating and monitoring energy efficiency Development of capacity to monitor and verify progress on the enforcement of ESL. Transport Awareness raising and provision of incentives for efficient vehicle operations Development of awareness materials and demonstration events in cities to show how to maintain vehicles efficiently Training of vehicle service providers through short courses on dissemination of information to vehicle owners and users Preparation of training materials for financial institutions on loan packages to finance efficiency improvements in the vehicle fleet Visits of representatives from financial institutions to countries where such loans schemes have been successful Upgrading and modernization of rail services Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for modern rail systems Training of technical staff to operate modern rail systems Upgrading and development of efficient public transport systems Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for public urban transport systems Training of technical staff to operate modern urban transport systems Public sector capacity to monitor and evaluate programs of mitigation and effectively manage the modernized rail and energy efficient public transport systems Visits of transport specialists to Pakistan Training of public sector officials on regulating and monitoring modern transport systems Study visits of Pakistan staff to countries with modern rail and bus rapid transport in citiesAgriculture Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Training programs on climate change and CSA for national, sub-national and local authorities by national and international experts Training programs on climate change and CSA financing needs for banks and micro-finance institutions Farmer field schools focused on specific CSA activities (e.g. | Pakistan | {
"answer_start": 183,
"text": "Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Pak-INDC.pdf | What are the impacts of education and behavior changes? | 1st NDC | null | PAK |
I_Capacity | null | en-US | Transport Awareness raising and provision of incentives for efficient vehicle operations Development of awareness materials and demonstration events in cities to show how to maintain vehicles efficiently Training of vehicle service providers through short courses on dissemination of information to vehicle owners and users Preparation of training materials for financial institutions on loan packages to finance efficiency improvements in the vehicle fleet Visits of representatives from financial institutions to countries where such loans schemes have been successful Upgrading and modernization of rail services Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for modern rail systems Training of technical staff to operate modern rail systems Upgrading and development of efficient public transport systems Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for public urban transport systems Training of technical staff to operate modern urban transport systems Public sector capacity to monitor and evaluate programs of mitigation and effectively manage the modernized rail and energy efficient public transport systems Visits of transport specialists to Pakistan Training of public sector officials on regulating and monitoring modern transport systems Study visits of Pakistan staff to countries with modern rail and bus rapid transport in citiesAgriculture Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Training programs on climate change and CSA for national, sub-national and local authorities by national and international experts Training programs on climate change and CSA financing needs for banks and micro-finance institutions Farmer field schools focused on specific CSA activities (e.g. soil conservation). | Pakistan | {
"answer_start": 83,
"text": "Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Pak-INDC.pdf | What are the impacts of education and behavior changes? | 1st NDC | null | PAK |
I_Capacity | null | en-US | Transport Awareness raising and provision of incentives for efficient vehicle operations Development of awareness materials and demonstration events in cities to show how to maintain vehicles efficiently Training of vehicle service providers through short courses on dissemination of information to vehicle owners and users Preparation of training materials for financial institutions on loan packages to finance efficiency improvements in the vehicle fleet Visits of representatives from financial institutions to countries where such loans schemes have been successful Upgrading and modernization of rail services Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for modern rail systems Training of technical staff to operate modern rail systems Upgrading and development of efficient public transport systems Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs and on methods of management for public urban transport systems Training of technical staff to operate modern urban transport systems Public sector capacity to monitor and evaluate programs of mitigation and effectively manage the modernized rail and energy efficient public transport systems Visits of transport specialists to Pakistan Training of public sector officials on regulating and monitoring modern transport systems Study visits of Pakistan staff to countries with modern rail and bus rapid transport in citiesAgriculture Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Training programs on climate change and CSA for national, sub-national and local authorities by national and international experts Training programs on climate change and CSA financing needs for banks and micro-finance institutions Farmer field schools focused on specific CSA activities (e.g. soil conservation). Exposure visits of farmer groups to different regions to learn about specific CSA activities Curriculum development/enhancement within universities and technical institutes providing training for extensions workers on climate change and CSA practices Strengthening Risk Management system Training of extension workers in risk management and risk transfer mechanism Developing an institutional set-up for providing agriculture insurance Farmer field schools to build awareness of agriculture insurance options Study tours of government officials / members of the financial sector in other relevant countries Pre-feasibility study to assess viability and capacity gaps pertaining to the development of national weather index insurance system Conclusion Pakistan reiterates its commitment and obligations towards the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and Paris Agreement, and the objective to limit the average global temperature increase to 1.5 to 2.0 degrees Centigrade. | Pakistan | {
"answer_start": 83,
"text": "Training of government officials at the national, regional and city levels on monitoring and evaluating mitigation programs"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Pak-INDC.pdf | What are the impacts of education and behavior changes? | 1st NDC | null | PAK |
I_Capacity | null | fr-FR | • To guarantee crosscutting integration of water-related criteria in the formulation and implementation of climate change policies. • To guarantee the coherence between climate change and rural sustainable development policies, programs, and institutional agreements regarding deforestation and woodland degradation as a multifactorial problem in the three government levels. • To introduce climate change criteria for articulating and improving legislation, policies, and instruments that promote sustainable forest management. • To encourage inter-state and inter-municipal associations of producers and other technical public agents towards environmental management that is coherent at a landscape unit level. • To create and strengthen local institutions for the regulation and planning of regional and metropolitan transportation, particularly in terms of mobility, infrastructure optimization, transportation routes, and maximized efficiency. | Mexico | {
"answer_start": 93,
"text": "To create and strengthen local institutions for the regulation and planning of regional and metropolitan transportation, particularly in terms of mobility, infrastructure optimization, transportation routes, and maximized efficiency"
} | https://unfccc.int/files/focus/long-term_strategies/application/pdf/mexico_mcs_final_cop22nov16_red.pdf | What are the impacts of education and behavior changes? | LTS | null | MEX |
I_Capacity | null | fr-FR | • To create and strengthen local institutions for the regulation and planning of regional and metropolitan transportation, particularly in terms of mobility, infrastructure optimization, transportation routes, and maximized efficiency. • To guarantee the consistency between instruments and programs of the agriculture, fishing, forestry, and urban sectors, in order to achieve synergies between adaptation and mitigation, and to avoid contradictory policy. • To encourage the evaluation of environmental impacts in sectoral programs and projects. • To strengthen existent epidemiological surveillance systems and to include the following in the design of actions for epidemiological attention: climate change related health impacts such as infectious intestinal disease; acute respiratory infections; food-poisoning related to phenomena like red tide; and attention to populations affected by disasters as hurricanes and flooding. | Mexico | {
"answer_start": 1,
"text": "To create and strengthen local institutions for the regulation and planning of regional and metropolitan transportation, particularly in terms of mobility, infrastructure optimization, transportation routes, and maximized efficiency"
} | https://unfccc.int/files/focus/long-term_strategies/application/pdf/mexico_mcs_final_cop22nov16_red.pdf | What are the impacts of education and behavior changes? | LTS | null | MEX |
I_Capacity | null | en-US | The transport sector which has the highest sectoral emissions in particular has a regulation in place to restrict emissions from vehicles to a certain level. However enforcement has not been possible due to a lack of technical capacity, technological capacity and financial resources. Enforcement of this regulation will have significant impact on reducing emissions from this sector. 4 The Samoa National Adaptation Programme of Action, 2005 (NAPA) was developed to identify key sectors with immediate adaption needs. | Samoa | {
"answer_start": 38,
"text": "technological capacity and financial resources. Enforcement of this regulation will have significant impact on reducing emissions from this sector."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Samoa%20INDC_Submission%20to%20UNFCCC.pdf | What are the impacts of education and behavior changes? | 1st NDC | null | WSM |
P_Institute | null | en-US | The results of this pilot should be analyzed and disseminated.102. Five main barriers would need to be addressed to increase the penetration of electric vehicles in RMI: x the absence of clear institutional authority to mandate/facilitate the uptake of electric vehicles; x the relative cost of electric vehicles; x the lack of charging infrastructure; x the current limits of electricity generation; x the prohibitive cost, especially to the public. 103. The relationship between increased use of electric vehicles and increased electricity demand will need to be further explored. Policies in both areas will need to be consistent. 104. The major impediment to decarbonizing the land transportation sector is the absence of clear institutional authority that can mandate electric vehicle sales and make the necessary infrastructure upgrades (e.g. charging stations) to support electric vehicles. | Marshall Islands | {
"answer_start": 29,
"text": "absence of clear institutional authority to mandate/facilitate the uptake of electric vehicles"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/20181122%20Marshall%20Islands%20NDC%20to%20UNFCCC%2022%20November%202018%20FINAL.pdf | What institutional reform activities are planned? | LTS | null | MHL |
P_Institute | null | en-US | In summary, the National Contribution will be implemented by the following entities: 1. Inter-Ministerial Council for Climate Change, which will allow to discuss, define, and follow up on climate change policies. 2. Ad-Hoc Operational Coordination Mechanism such as: Joint Commissions (agriculture and forestry, transportation and energy), which will coordinate the inter-sectorial implementation agendas under the National Climate Change Strategy. 3. MINAE’s Climate Change Department, in charge of coordinating the implementation of the National Climate Change Strategy and supervising the definition of technical standards, closely coordinated with other sectorial directions and institutions related to MINAE (Energy Department, National Meteorological Institute, National Forestry Finance Fund, National Conservation Areas System, National Forestry Administration, among others). 4. | Costa Rica | {
"answer_start": 32,
"text": "Ad-Hoc Operational Coordination Mechanism such as: Joint Commissions (agriculture and forestry, transportation and energy), which will coordinate the inter-sectorial implementation agendas under the National Climate Change Strategy."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/INDC%20Costa%20Rica%20Version%202%200%20final%20ENG.pdf | What institutional reform activities are planned? | 1st NDC | null | CRI |
P_Institute | null | fr-FR | • To guarantee crosscutting integration of water-related criteria in the formulation and implementation of climate change policies. • To guarantee the coherence between climate change and rural sustainable development policies, programs, and institutional agreements regarding deforestation and woodland degradation as a multifactorial problem in the three government levels. • To introduce climate change criteria for articulating and improving legislation, policies, and instruments that promote sustainable forest management. • To encourage inter-state and inter-municipal associations of producers and other technical public agents towards environmental management that is coherent at a landscape unit level. • To create and strengthen local institutions for the regulation and planning of regional and metropolitan transportation, particularly in terms of mobility, infrastructure optimization, transportation routes, and maximized efficiency. | Mexico | {
"answer_start": 93,
"text": "To create and strengthen local institutions for the regulation and planning of regional and metropolitan transportation, particularly in terms of mobility, infrastructure optimization, transportation routes, and maximized efficiency"
} | https://unfccc.int/files/focus/long-term_strategies/application/pdf/mexico_mcs_final_cop22nov16_red.pdf | What institutional reform activities are planned? | LTS | null | MEX |
P_Institute | null | fr-FR | • To create and strengthen local institutions for the regulation and planning of regional and metropolitan transportation, particularly in terms of mobility, infrastructure optimization, transportation routes, and maximized efficiency. • To guarantee the consistency between instruments and programs of the agriculture, fishing, forestry, and urban sectors, in order to achieve synergies between adaptation and mitigation, and to avoid contradictory policy. • To encourage the evaluation of environmental impacts in sectoral programs and projects. • To strengthen existent epidemiological surveillance systems and to include the following in the design of actions for epidemiological attention: climate change related health impacts such as infectious intestinal disease; acute respiratory infections; food-poisoning related to phenomena like red tide; and attention to populations affected by disasters as hurricanes and flooding. | Mexico | {
"answer_start": 1,
"text": "To create and strengthen local institutions for the regulation and planning of regional and metropolitan transportation, particularly in terms of mobility, infrastructure optimization, transportation routes, and maximized efficiency"
} | https://unfccc.int/files/focus/long-term_strategies/application/pdf/mexico_mcs_final_cop22nov16_red.pdf | What institutional reform activities are planned? | LTS | null | MEX |
R_Emergency | null | en-US | New requirements are mainly covered by Article 13, which establishes a new Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) through which Parties must regularly account for their NDCs alongside other reporting requirements similar to those contained in National Communications (NCs), BURs and the International Consultation and Analysis (ICA). Human Settlement 16 High density buildings and informal settlement upgrading 17 Storm water management Health 18 Strengthen preventive measures and create capacity to adapt to disease outbreaks Transport 19 Improved transport infrastructure and services Mining 20 Climate compatible mining Cross Sectional 21 Disaster risk monitoring 22 Establish an integrated early warning system, and disaster response plans 23 Capacity building and development for cross-sector NDC implementation 24 Access to finance06 GREEN RWANDA Rwanda has developed an MRV framework consistent with these requirements that will allow the government to effectively track progress of the mitigation activities identified in this NDC consistent with UNFCCC reporting standards, and carry out ongoing evaluation of whether the country is on course to meet its targets through 2030. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 98,
"text": "disaster response plans"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What education and training activities can be pursued to adapt to climate change? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
R_Emergency | null | en-US | Human Settlement 16 High density buildings and informal settlement upgrading 17 Storm water management Health 18 Strengthen preventive measures and create capacity to adapt to disease outbreaks Transport 19 Improved transport infrastructure and services Mining 20 Climate compatible mining Cross Sectional 21 Disaster risk monitoring 22 Establish an integrated early warning system, and disaster response plans 23 Capacity building and development for cross-sector NDC implementation 24 Access to finance06 GREEN RWANDA Rwanda has developed an MRV framework consistent with these requirements that will allow the government to effectively track progress of the mitigation activities identified in this NDC consistent with UNFCCC reporting standards, and carry out ongoing evaluation of whether the country is on course to meet its targets through 2030. This takes the form of a framework of indicators for each of the key emitting sectors, which can be used for international reporting as well as for domestic tracking of NDC implementation. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 53,
"text": "disaster response plans"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What education and training activities can be pursued to adapt to climate change? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
R_Emergency | null | en-US | the period from 2015 to 2020.Table 6.1 Adaptation measures SN Intervention Indicator Line Ministry (implementing entities) Timeline Category of indicator Funding estimate Mitigation benefits Alignment with SDGs Water Develop a National Water Security through water conservation practices, wetlands restoration, water storage and efficient water use Water storage per capita MoE/MINAGRI (RWRB/ REMA/ RAB, Private sector) A 164.3 million USD Improved quantity and quality of water resources which sustain new and existing hydropower plants Renewable water resource availability per capita per annum (m³ / capita/a) MoE / MININFRA (RWRB/REMA/ WASAC, Private sector) B Develop water resource models, water quality testing, and improved hydro-related information systems Percentage of catchments with water balance and allocation models MoE (RWRB/ Private sector) B 10 million USD Develop and implement a catchment management plan for all Level 1 catchments Number of operational hydrological stations MOE (RWRB/ Private sector) B 360 million USD Percentage of water bodies with good ambient water quality MoE (RWRB/ Private sector) B Agriculture Develop climate resilient crops and promote climate resilient livestock Number of climate resilient crop varieties developed MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, REMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 24 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved land use and livestock species Percentage of farmers adopting resilient crop/ varieties MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Private sector, Civil society) B Percentage of crossbreed livestock at national herd species B 50 GREEN RWANDADevelop climate resilient postharvest and value addition facilities and technologies Capacity of storage constructed in MT MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Private sector, Civil society) B 200 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved postharvest management Strengthen crop management practices (disease prevention, diagnostic, surveillance and control) Number of farmers using surveillance tool (FAW Database, BXW apps etc.) MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Private sector, Civil society) B 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved crop management Develop sustainable land management practices (soil erosion control; landscape management) Area of Land under erosion control measures and used optimally MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 346.1 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved land use changes Percentage of arable land (to the land area) A Expand irrigation and improve water management Number of hectares under irrigation within IWRM framework MINAGRI/ MoE (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, RWRB, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) A 2,261 million USD Efficient irrigation reduces nitrogen losses including emissions from nitrous oxide Expand crop and livestock insurance Ha of crops under insurance MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Banks, insurance companies, Private sector) B 109.6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved management of crop failure Number of cows under insurance B Land and Forestry Development of Agroforestry and Sustainable Agriculture (control soil erosion and improved soil fertility) Change in land area covered by agroforestry MINAGRI / MoE / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RLUMA, RFA, Private sector, Civil society) A 92 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONPromote afforestation / reforestation of designated areas Hectares of forest restored/ afforested in program area and hectares of protected forest in project/ program area MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 16.8 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Percentage of forest area (to the land area) A Improve Forest Management for degraded forest resources Number of Ha of private forest restored and whose owners are grouped into cooperatives MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 8.1 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Number of Ha of forest plantation whose management is transferred to the private operators B Change in Forest area degraded/ rehabilitated B Integrated approach to planning and monitoring for sustainable land management National land use development master plan (NLUDMP) that includes comprehensive measures and procedures for sustainable land use practices MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 60 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink Detailed spatial plans for all districts B % of compliance of land use development plans (LUDP) to the NLUDMP B 52 GREEN RWANDADevelop a harmonized and integrated spatial data management system for sustainable land use management Accurate data on exposure to climate vulnerability on households (HHs) and infrastructures in high risk areas reported MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and increased surface area for carbon sink Percentage of operational integrated geospatial information framework integrated with environmental and socio-economic statistics B Inclusive land administration that regulate and provide guidance for land tenure security Percentage of registered state land optimally used MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, RFA) B 5 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and surface area for carbon sink Model linking land use/ administration in place B Human Settlements High density buildings and informal settlement upgrading Percentage of (1) urban population living in informal settlements, (2) rural population living in clustered settlements MININFRA/ MoE (RHA, RLUMA, RWRB, WASAC, Districts, Private Sector, RDB, Civil society) A 400 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use, electricity and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink B Average share of the built-up area of cities that is open and green space for public use for all (SDG) B Access to water and sanitation services B Storm water management Percentage of urban population in areas covered by master plans with storm water considerations B 400 million USD Sustenance of new and existing hydropower plants UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONHealth Strengthen preventive measures and create capacity to adapt to disease outbreaks Malaria proportional mortality rate per 1,000 population MINISANTE, (RBC, Meteo Rwanda, Civil society) A 185 million USD Challenging to evaluate the several factors for health related GHG emissions Improved transport infrastructure and services Environmental and engineering guidelines developed (for climate resilient road infrastructure) MININFRA / MINEMA ( RTDA, RHA, Meteo Rwanda; Districts) B 600 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved transport services which reduces motorized private transport Reduction of length of roads vulnerable to flood and landslides B Number of passengers using the public transport each year MININFRA (RTDA, Private Sector) B Mining Climate compatible mining Percentage of companies deploying climate compatible mining MoE/ MINICOM (RMB, Private Sector, Civil society) B 59.3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from energy efficiency measures Cross-cutting 21 Disaster risk monitoring Population covered by Disaster risk reduction (DRR) programs MINEMA / MoE (Meteo Rwanda, REMA, RWRB, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from community-based DRR programs such as improved farming techniques Number of effective city contingency plans developed B Establish an integrated early warning system, and disaster response plans Percentage of extreme weather events for which advance warning was provided at least 30 minutes in advance A 10 million USD Institutional capacity building and development for cross-sector NDC implementation Number of staff who acquired technical skills to effectively coordinate and report on NDC implementation MoE (REMA and other NDC participating sectors) B 6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved access to technology and knowledge Access to finance (Resource mobilisation) Cumulative volume of finance [USD millions] mobilized for climate and environmental purposes MINECOFIN / MoE (FONERWA, REMA and other NDC participating sectors) A 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from NDCs projects implementation 54 GREEN RWANDAUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION 6.4 Funding requirements The cost estimates for adaptation interventions was made for the two phases, i.e. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 1121,
"text": "disaster response plans"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What education and training activities can be pursued to adapt to climate change? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
R_Emergency | null | en-US | MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Private sector, Civil society) B 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved crop management Develop sustainable land management practices (soil erosion control; landscape management) Area of Land under erosion control measures and used optimally MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 346.1 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved land use changes Percentage of arable land (to the land area) A Expand irrigation and improve water management Number of hectares under irrigation within IWRM framework MINAGRI/ MoE (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, RWRB, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) A 2,261 million USD Efficient irrigation reduces nitrogen losses including emissions from nitrous oxide Expand crop and livestock insurance Ha of crops under insurance MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Banks, insurance companies, Private sector) B 109.6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved management of crop failure Number of cows under insurance B Land and Forestry Development of Agroforestry and Sustainable Agriculture (control soil erosion and improved soil fertility) Change in land area covered by agroforestry MINAGRI / MoE / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RLUMA, RFA, Private sector, Civil society) A 92 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONPromote afforestation / reforestation of designated areas Hectares of forest restored/ afforested in program area and hectares of protected forest in project/ program area MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 16.8 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Percentage of forest area (to the land area) A Improve Forest Management for degraded forest resources Number of Ha of private forest restored and whose owners are grouped into cooperatives MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 8.1 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Number of Ha of forest plantation whose management is transferred to the private operators B Change in Forest area degraded/ rehabilitated B Integrated approach to planning and monitoring for sustainable land management National land use development master plan (NLUDMP) that includes comprehensive measures and procedures for sustainable land use practices MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 60 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink Detailed spatial plans for all districts B % of compliance of land use development plans (LUDP) to the NLUDMP B 52 GREEN RWANDADevelop a harmonized and integrated spatial data management system for sustainable land use management Accurate data on exposure to climate vulnerability on households (HHs) and infrastructures in high risk areas reported MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and increased surface area for carbon sink Percentage of operational integrated geospatial information framework integrated with environmental and socio-economic statistics B Inclusive land administration that regulate and provide guidance for land tenure security Percentage of registered state land optimally used MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, RFA) B 5 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and surface area for carbon sink Model linking land use/ administration in place B Human Settlements High density buildings and informal settlement upgrading Percentage of (1) urban population living in informal settlements, (2) rural population living in clustered settlements MININFRA/ MoE (RHA, RLUMA, RWRB, WASAC, Districts, Private Sector, RDB, Civil society) A 400 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use, electricity and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink B Average share of the built-up area of cities that is open and green space for public use for all (SDG) B Access to water and sanitation services B Storm water management Percentage of urban population in areas covered by master plans with storm water considerations B 400 million USD Sustenance of new and existing hydropower plants UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONHealth Strengthen preventive measures and create capacity to adapt to disease outbreaks Malaria proportional mortality rate per 1,000 population MINISANTE, (RBC, Meteo Rwanda, Civil society) A 185 million USD Challenging to evaluate the several factors for health related GHG emissions Improved transport infrastructure and services Environmental and engineering guidelines developed (for climate resilient road infrastructure) MININFRA / MINEMA ( RTDA, RHA, Meteo Rwanda; Districts) B 600 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved transport services which reduces motorized private transport Reduction of length of roads vulnerable to flood and landslides B Number of passengers using the public transport each year MININFRA (RTDA, Private Sector) B Mining Climate compatible mining Percentage of companies deploying climate compatible mining MoE/ MINICOM (RMB, Private Sector, Civil society) B 59.3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from energy efficiency measures Cross-cutting 21 Disaster risk monitoring Population covered by Disaster risk reduction (DRR) programs MINEMA / MoE (Meteo Rwanda, REMA, RWRB, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from community-based DRR programs such as improved farming techniques Number of effective city contingency plans developed B Establish an integrated early warning system, and disaster response plans Percentage of extreme weather events for which advance warning was provided at least 30 minutes in advance A 10 million USD Institutional capacity building and development for cross-sector NDC implementation Number of staff who acquired technical skills to effectively coordinate and report on NDC implementation MoE (REMA and other NDC participating sectors) B 6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved access to technology and knowledge Access to finance (Resource mobilisation) Cumulative volume of finance [USD millions] mobilized for climate and environmental purposes MINECOFIN / MoE (FONERWA, REMA and other NDC participating sectors) A 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from NDCs projects implementation 54 GREEN RWANDAUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION 6.4 Funding requirements The cost estimates for adaptation interventions was made for the two phases, i.e. 2020-2025 and 2025-2030. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 841,
"text": "disaster response plans"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What education and training activities can be pursued to adapt to climate change? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
R_Emergency | null | en-US | MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Private sector, Civil society) B 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved crop management Develop sustainable land management practices (soil erosion control; landscape management) Area of Land under erosion control measures and used optimally MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 346.1 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved land use changes Percentage of arable land (to the land area) A Expand irrigation and improve water management Number of hectares under irrigation within IWRM framework MINAGRI/ MoE (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, RWRB, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) A 2,261 million USD Efficient irrigation reduces nitrogen losses including emissions from nitrous oxide Expand crop and livestock insurance Ha of crops under insurance MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Banks, insurance companies, Private sector) B 109.6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved management of crop failure Number of cows under insurance B Land and Forestry Development of Agroforestry and Sustainable Agriculture (control soil erosion and improved soil fertility) Change in land area covered by agroforestry MINAGRI / MoE / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RLUMA, RFA, Private sector, Civil society) A 92 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONPromote afforestation / reforestation of designated areas Hectares of forest restored/ afforested in program area and hectares of protected forest in project/ program area MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 16.8 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Percentage of forest area (to the land area) A Improve Forest Management for degraded forest resources Number of Ha of private forest restored and whose owners are grouped into cooperatives MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 8.1 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Number of Ha of forest plantation whose management is transferred to the private operators B Change in Forest area degraded/ rehabilitated B Integrated approach to planning and monitoring for sustainable land management National land use development master plan (NLUDMP) that includes comprehensive measures and procedures for sustainable land use practices MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 60 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink Detailed spatial plans for all districts B % of compliance of land use development plans (LUDP) to the NLUDMP B 52 GREEN RWANDADevelop a harmonized and integrated spatial data management system for sustainable land use management Accurate data on exposure to climate vulnerability on households (HHs) and infrastructures in high risk areas reported MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and increased surface area for carbon sink Percentage of operational integrated geospatial information framework integrated with environmental and socio-economic statistics B Inclusive land administration that regulate and provide guidance for land tenure security Percentage of registered state land optimally used MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, RFA) B 5 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and surface area for carbon sink Model linking land use/ administration in place B Human Settlements High density buildings and informal settlement upgrading Percentage of (1) urban population living in informal settlements, (2) rural population living in clustered settlements MININFRA/ MoE (RHA, RLUMA, RWRB, WASAC, Districts, Private Sector, RDB, Civil society) A 400 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use, electricity and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink B Average share of the built-up area of cities that is open and green space for public use for all (SDG) B Access to water and sanitation services B Storm water management Percentage of urban population in areas covered by master plans with storm water considerations B 400 million USD Sustenance of new and existing hydropower plants UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONHealth Strengthen preventive measures and create capacity to adapt to disease outbreaks Malaria proportional mortality rate per 1,000 population MINISANTE, (RBC, Meteo Rwanda, Civil society) A 185 million USD Challenging to evaluate the several factors for health related GHG emissions Improved transport infrastructure and services Environmental and engineering guidelines developed (for climate resilient road infrastructure) MININFRA / MINEMA ( RTDA, RHA, Meteo Rwanda; Districts) B 600 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved transport services which reduces motorized private transport Reduction of length of roads vulnerable to flood and landslides B Number of passengers using the public transport each year MININFRA (RTDA, Private Sector) B Mining Climate compatible mining Percentage of companies deploying climate compatible mining MoE/ MINICOM (RMB, Private Sector, Civil society) B 59.3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from energy efficiency measures Cross-cutting 21 Disaster risk monitoring Population covered by Disaster risk reduction (DRR) programs MINEMA / MoE (Meteo Rwanda, REMA, RWRB, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from community-based DRR programs such as improved farming techniques Number of effective city contingency plans developed B Establish an integrated early warning system, and disaster response plans Percentage of extreme weather events for which advance warning was provided at least 30 minutes in advance A 10 million USD Institutional capacity building and development for cross-sector NDC implementation Number of staff who acquired technical skills to effectively coordinate and report on NDC implementation MoE (REMA and other NDC participating sectors) B 6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved access to technology and knowledge Access to finance (Resource mobilisation) Cumulative volume of finance [USD millions] mobilized for climate and environmental purposes MINECOFIN / MoE (FONERWA, REMA and other NDC participating sectors) A 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from NDCs projects implementation 54 GREEN RWANDAUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION 6.4 Funding requirements The cost estimates for adaptation interventions was made for the two phases, i.e. 2020-2025 and 2025-2030. Estimates were made by referring to different planning documents, among others, the National Strategy for Transformation (NST1: 2017-2024), Sector Strategic Plans (SSPs) and the cost of other similar projects. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 841,
"text": "disaster response plans"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What education and training activities can be pursued to adapt to climate change? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
R_Emergency | null | en-US | Figure 6.2 below summarizes the funding requirements per sector associated with all identified adaptation interventions, estimated at 5.3 billion USD through 2030. Figure 6.2 Adaptation investment levels from the total 5.3 billion USD through 2030 Agriculture Water Cross-Sectoral Land and Forestry Human Settlement Health Transport Mining56 GREEN RWANDA Activity Intervention Uncon- ditional Condi- tional IWR planning and management Develop a National Water Security through water conservation practices, wetlands restoration, water storage and efficient water use Develop water resource models, water quality testing, and improved hydro-related information systems Develop and implement a management plan for all Level 1 catchments Climate Resilient Value Chain Development Develop climate resilient crops and promote climate resilient livestock Develop climate resilient postharvest and value addition facilities and technologies Strengthen crop management practices (disease prevention, diagnostic, surveillance and control) Develop sustainable land management practices (soil erosion control; landscape management) Expand irrigation and improve water management Expand crop and livestock insurance Sustainable management of forestry and Agroforestry Development of Agroforestry and Sustainable Agriculture (control soil erosion and improved soil fertility) Promote afforestation / reforestation of designated areas Wood Supply Chain, Improved Efficiency and Added Value Improve Forest Management for degraded forest resources Table 6.2 Estimated costs of adaptation interventionsUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION Climate- sensitive Integrated Land Use Planning and Spatial Planning Integrated approach to planning and monitoring for sustainable land management Develop a harmonized and integrated spatial data management system for sustainable land use management Inclusive land administration that regulate and provide guidance for land tenure security Land Use and Spatial Planning High density buildings and informal settlement upgrading Storm water and Drainage Management Storm water management 200,000,000 200,000,000 Vector-based disease prevention Strengthen preventive measures and create capacity to adapt to disease outbreaks Sustainable, climate- resilient roads and bridges Improved transport infrastructure and services Climate compatible mining Climate compatible mining 29,645,336 29,645,336 DRR program (Disaster preparedness and emergency response) Establish an integrated early warning system, and disaster response plans Disaster risk monitoring 10,000,000 10,000,000 Institutional capacity development Institutional capacity building and development for cross-sector NDC implementation Finance (Resources mobilization) Access to finance 1,500,000 1,500,000 OVERALL COST (USD)58 GREEN RWANDA Monitoring, Reporting And Verification Framework 7.1 Institutional arrangements for tracking NDC implementation The successful implementation of Rwanda’s NDC requires an effective Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) system, enabling the country to monitor the effectiveness of its mitigation and adaptation measures and facilitating its access to climate finance. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 318,
"text": "disaster response plans"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What education and training activities can be pursued to adapt to climate change? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
R_Emergency | null | en-US | Figure 6.2 Adaptation investment levels from the total 5.3 billion USD through 2030 Agriculture Water Cross-Sectoral Land and Forestry Human Settlement Health Transport Mining56 GREEN RWANDA Activity Intervention Uncon- ditional Condi- tional IWR planning and management Develop a National Water Security through water conservation practices, wetlands restoration, water storage and efficient water use Develop water resource models, water quality testing, and improved hydro-related information systems Develop and implement a management plan for all Level 1 catchments Climate Resilient Value Chain Development Develop climate resilient crops and promote climate resilient livestock Develop climate resilient postharvest and value addition facilities and technologies Strengthen crop management practices (disease prevention, diagnostic, surveillance and control) Develop sustainable land management practices (soil erosion control; landscape management) Expand irrigation and improve water management Expand crop and livestock insurance Sustainable management of forestry and Agroforestry Development of Agroforestry and Sustainable Agriculture (control soil erosion and improved soil fertility) Promote afforestation / reforestation of designated areas Wood Supply Chain, Improved Efficiency and Added Value Improve Forest Management for degraded forest resources Table 6.2 Estimated costs of adaptation interventionsUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION Climate- sensitive Integrated Land Use Planning and Spatial Planning Integrated approach to planning and monitoring for sustainable land management Develop a harmonized and integrated spatial data management system for sustainable land use management Inclusive land administration that regulate and provide guidance for land tenure security Land Use and Spatial Planning High density buildings and informal settlement upgrading Storm water and Drainage Management Storm water management 200,000,000 200,000,000 Vector-based disease prevention Strengthen preventive measures and create capacity to adapt to disease outbreaks Sustainable, climate- resilient roads and bridges Improved transport infrastructure and services Climate compatible mining Climate compatible mining 29,645,336 29,645,336 DRR program (Disaster preparedness and emergency response) Establish an integrated early warning system, and disaster response plans Disaster risk monitoring 10,000,000 10,000,000 Institutional capacity development Institutional capacity building and development for cross-sector NDC implementation Finance (Resources mobilization) Access to finance 1,500,000 1,500,000 OVERALL COST (USD)58 GREEN RWANDA Monitoring, Reporting And Verification Framework 7.1 Institutional arrangements for tracking NDC implementation The successful implementation of Rwanda’s NDC requires an effective Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) system, enabling the country to monitor the effectiveness of its mitigation and adaptation measures and facilitating its access to climate finance. Internationally, the implementation of an MRV system is the basis for understanding the current GHG emission levels, the ambition of the existing efforts, and the progress made in contributing towards the goals of the Paris Agreement. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 296,
"text": "disaster response plans"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What education and training activities can be pursued to adapt to climate change? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
R_Emergency | null | en-US | Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. 3.3. Public Health The effects of climate change on human health occur in varying degrees of scale and complexity – either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through climate change’s impact on air quality and water supply. | United Arab Emirates | {
"answer_start": 21,
"text": "Even while the UAE climate proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf | What education and training activities can be pursued to adapt to climate change? | 2nd NDC | null | ARE |
G_Report | null | en-US | Together we will build a green Rwanda and protect the planet. Dr. Jeanne d’Arc Mujawamariya Minister of Environment Republic of Rwandaiii UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION Acronyms and Abbreviations AFOLU Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use BAU ‘Business as usual’ BUR Biennial Update Report CBA Cost-benefit analysis CCL Ciment du Rwanda (CIMERWA) Limited CFL Compact fluorescent lamp CO Carbon dioxide CO e Carbon dioxide equivalent CoK City of Kigali DDS District Development Strategy DRR Disaster risk reduction EDCL Energy Development Corporation Limited EICV5 Fifth Integrated Household Living Survey ESSP Energy Sector Strategic Plan EV Electric vehicle FONERWA Rwanda Green Fund GDP Gross Domestic Product GGCRS Green Growth and Climate Resilience Strategy GHG Greenhouse gas GWP Global warming potential HFC Hydrofluorocarbon INDC Intended Nationally Determined Contribution IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPPU Industrial Processes and Product Use IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management LEAP Long-Range Energy Alternative Planning LED Light emitting diode LFG Landfill gas LPG Liquefied petroleum gasiv GREEN RWANDA M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MINEMA Ministry of Emergency Management MINAGRI Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources MINALOC Ministry of Local Government MINECOFIN Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning MINEDUC Ministry of Education MININFRA Ministry of Infrastructure MoE Ministry of Environment MRV Measuring, Reporting and Verification Mt Million metric tonnes MW Megawatt NAP National Adaptation Plan NDC Nationally Determined Contribution NGO Non-Governmental Organisation NISR National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda NLUDMP National Land Use Development Master Plan NST National Strategy for Transformation ODS Ozone depleting substances PA Paris Agreement PoA Programmes of Action PPCR Pilot Program for Climate Resilience PV Photovoltaic RAB Rwanda Agriculture Board RBME Results Based Monitoring and Evaluation REG Rwanda Energy Group Ltd REMA Rwanda Environment Management Authority RFA Rwanda Forestry Authority RHA Rwanda Housing Authority RLMUA Rwanda Land Management and Use Authority RMPGB Rwanda Mines, Petroleum and Gas Board RTDA Rwanda Transport Development Agency RURA Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority RWRB Rwanda Water Resources Board RWFA Rwanda Water and Forestry Authority SPCR Strategic Program for Climate Resiliencev UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION SREP Scaling Up Renewable Energy Program SSP Sector Strategic Plan SWH Solar water heater SWG Sector Working Group t Tonne TNC Third National Communication under the UNFCCC TWG Thematic Working Group UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change USD United States (US) dollar WASAC Rwanda Water and Sanitation Corporation Limited WtE Waste to Energyvi GREEN RWANDA Contents Forward i Acronyms and Abbreviations iii Contents vi Executive Summary 01 1.2 Outline of this document 09 2.2 Climate and climate change impacts 10 2.3 Environment and natural resources 11 03 Rwanda’s Vision for Climate Change 17 04 NDC Revision Process 20 5.2 National GHG Inventory 24 6.2 Rwanda’s impacts and vulnerability to climate change 45 6.3 Priorities for adaptation and resilience 47 07 Monitoring, Reporting and Verification Framework 58 7.1 Institutional arrangements for tracking NDC implementation 58 08 Means of Implementation 71 8.2 Capacity Building and technology transfer 72 8.3 Policy mechanisms and Institutional arrangements as a means of effective NDC implementation 74UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION Executive Summary Introduction This document presents the Government of Rwanda’s update of its first Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) for mitigation and adaptation for the period to 2030. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 301,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | Dr. Jeanne d’Arc Mujawamariya Minister of Environment Republic of Rwandaiii UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION Acronyms and Abbreviations AFOLU Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use BAU ‘Business as usual’ BUR Biennial Update Report CBA Cost-benefit analysis CCL Ciment du Rwanda (CIMERWA) Limited CFL Compact fluorescent lamp CO Carbon dioxide CO e Carbon dioxide equivalent CoK City of Kigali DDS District Development Strategy DRR Disaster risk reduction EDCL Energy Development Corporation Limited EICV5 Fifth Integrated Household Living Survey ESSP Energy Sector Strategic Plan EV Electric vehicle FONERWA Rwanda Green Fund GDP Gross Domestic Product GGCRS Green Growth and Climate Resilience Strategy GHG Greenhouse gas GWP Global warming potential HFC Hydrofluorocarbon INDC Intended Nationally Determined Contribution IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPPU Industrial Processes and Product Use IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management LEAP Long-Range Energy Alternative Planning LED Light emitting diode LFG Landfill gas LPG Liquefied petroleum gasiv GREEN RWANDA M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MINEMA Ministry of Emergency Management MINAGRI Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources MINALOC Ministry of Local Government MINECOFIN Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning MINEDUC Ministry of Education MININFRA Ministry of Infrastructure MoE Ministry of Environment MRV Measuring, Reporting and Verification Mt Million metric tonnes MW Megawatt NAP National Adaptation Plan NDC Nationally Determined Contribution NGO Non-Governmental Organisation NISR National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda NLUDMP National Land Use Development Master Plan NST National Strategy for Transformation ODS Ozone depleting substances PA Paris Agreement PoA Programmes of Action PPCR Pilot Program for Climate Resilience PV Photovoltaic RAB Rwanda Agriculture Board RBME Results Based Monitoring and Evaluation REG Rwanda Energy Group Ltd REMA Rwanda Environment Management Authority RFA Rwanda Forestry Authority RHA Rwanda Housing Authority RLMUA Rwanda Land Management and Use Authority RMPGB Rwanda Mines, Petroleum and Gas Board RTDA Rwanda Transport Development Agency RURA Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority RWRB Rwanda Water Resources Board RWFA Rwanda Water and Forestry Authority SPCR Strategic Program for Climate Resiliencev UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION SREP Scaling Up Renewable Energy Program SSP Sector Strategic Plan SWH Solar water heater SWG Sector Working Group t Tonne TNC Third National Communication under the UNFCCC TWG Thematic Working Group UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change USD United States (US) dollar WASAC Rwanda Water and Sanitation Corporation Limited WtE Waste to Energyvi GREEN RWANDA Contents Forward i Acronyms and Abbreviations iii Contents vi Executive Summary 01 1.2 Outline of this document 09 2.2 Climate and climate change impacts 10 2.3 Environment and natural resources 11 03 Rwanda’s Vision for Climate Change 17 04 NDC Revision Process 20 5.2 National GHG Inventory 24 6.2 Rwanda’s impacts and vulnerability to climate change 45 6.3 Priorities for adaptation and resilience 47 07 Monitoring, Reporting and Verification Framework 58 7.1 Institutional arrangements for tracking NDC implementation 58 08 Means of Implementation 71 8.2 Capacity Building and technology transfer 72 8.3 Policy mechanisms and Institutional arrangements as a means of effective NDC implementation 74UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION Executive Summary Introduction This document presents the Government of Rwanda’s update of its first Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) for mitigation and adaptation for the period to 2030. The contributions described in this submission build upon Rwanda’s existing NDC, new policies and national plans, and reflect subsequent work in developing quantifiable mitigation and adaptation targets, and the prioritization of interventions to support these two areas. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 290,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | Reduced reliance on imported energy supply. Table 5.3 Mitigation measures: EnergyTransport Vehicle emissions standards Measures introduced to increase vehicle emissions performance of national vehicle fleet, including tax incentives and scrappage of older vehicles, and inspection. Reduction of GHG and local emissions from gasoline and diesel use. MININFRA, MINICOM (RTDA, REMA) Incremental vehicle costs and scheme administration est. 190 million USD. Reduction of harmful pollutants from conventional diesel and gasoline vehicles, enhancing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts. Buildings and agriculture Efficient lighting in buildings Further dissemination of CFL and LED lamps in residential, commercial and institutional buildings. Supported by government subsidies and VAT exemptions on energy saving lamps. Reduction of grid-based GHG emisisons. MININFRA (REG, RHA) 6.4 million USD (assumes 1.6 million CFL replacements with 7 year lifetime and 2 USD unit cost). | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 49,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | Increased adaptative capacity as a result of increased off-farm business for rural community having access to electricity/ energy. UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONTransport Public transport infrastructure Wide range of measures including bus rapid transport (BRT) project, bus lanes, non-motorised transport lanes, and other modal shift projects contained in the Transport Sector Strategic Plan as part of the NST1. MININFRA (RTDA, REMA, RURA, CoK, transport operators) 50 million USD (but cost estimates are limited to bus mea- sures only). Increased resilience of transport infrastructure. Improved health and reduction of harmful pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts. Electric vehicles (EVs) The e-mobility programme plans for the phased adoption of electric buses, passenger vehicles (cars) and motorocycles from 2020 onwards, resulting in displaced conventional vehicle sales, transport fuel imports and associated GHG emissions. MININFRA (RTDA, REMA, RURA CoK, transport operators) Total costs including EVs and charging infrastructure est. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 59,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | MININFRA (RTDA, REMA, RURA CoK, transport operators) Total costs including EVs and charging infrastructure est. up to 900 million USD. Reduction of harmful pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts. Buildings and agriculture Off-grid and rooftop solar electrification Penetration of off-grid solar and rooftop solar PV panels consistent with the ESSP targets of around 1,500,000 households to be electrified through, equivalent to 250,000 connections per year. Displacement of grid power and diesel consumption and associated GHG emissions. MININFRA (REG, EDCL, EUCL) 600 million USD Reduced dependence on imported energy and increased resilience and energy security of buildings, households and companies. Solar water heater (SWH) programme Installation of solar thermal water heaters within urban residential buildings supported by use of loans and grants to subsidise purchase costs, as part of the National Green Building Code minium compliance system. MININFRA (RHA, EDCL) SWH costs est. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 2,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | the period from 2015 to 2020.Table 6.1 Adaptation measures SN Intervention Indicator Line Ministry (implementing entities) Timeline Category of indicator Funding estimate Mitigation benefits Alignment with SDGs Water Develop a National Water Security through water conservation practices, wetlands restoration, water storage and efficient water use Water storage per capita MoE/MINAGRI (RWRB/ REMA/ RAB, Private sector) A 164.3 million USD Improved quantity and quality of water resources which sustain new and existing hydropower plants Renewable water resource availability per capita per annum (m³ / capita/a) MoE / MININFRA (RWRB/REMA/ WASAC, Private sector) B Develop water resource models, water quality testing, and improved hydro-related information systems Percentage of catchments with water balance and allocation models MoE (RWRB/ Private sector) B 10 million USD Develop and implement a catchment management plan for all Level 1 catchments Number of operational hydrological stations MOE (RWRB/ Private sector) B 360 million USD Percentage of water bodies with good ambient water quality MoE (RWRB/ Private sector) B Agriculture Develop climate resilient crops and promote climate resilient livestock Number of climate resilient crop varieties developed MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, REMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 24 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved land use and livestock species Percentage of farmers adopting resilient crop/ varieties MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Private sector, Civil society) B Percentage of crossbreed livestock at national herd species B 50 GREEN RWANDADevelop climate resilient postharvest and value addition facilities and technologies Capacity of storage constructed in MT MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Private sector, Civil society) B 200 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved postharvest management Strengthen crop management practices (disease prevention, diagnostic, surveillance and control) Number of farmers using surveillance tool (FAW Database, BXW apps etc.) MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Private sector, Civil society) B 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved crop management Develop sustainable land management practices (soil erosion control; landscape management) Area of Land under erosion control measures and used optimally MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 346.1 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved land use changes Percentage of arable land (to the land area) A Expand irrigation and improve water management Number of hectares under irrigation within IWRM framework MINAGRI/ MoE (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, RWRB, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) A 2,261 million USD Efficient irrigation reduces nitrogen losses including emissions from nitrous oxide Expand crop and livestock insurance Ha of crops under insurance MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Banks, insurance companies, Private sector) B 109.6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved management of crop failure Number of cows under insurance B Land and Forestry Development of Agroforestry and Sustainable Agriculture (control soil erosion and improved soil fertility) Change in land area covered by agroforestry MINAGRI / MoE / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RLUMA, RFA, Private sector, Civil society) A 92 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONPromote afforestation / reforestation of designated areas Hectares of forest restored/ afforested in program area and hectares of protected forest in project/ program area MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 16.8 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Percentage of forest area (to the land area) A Improve Forest Management for degraded forest resources Number of Ha of private forest restored and whose owners are grouped into cooperatives MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 8.1 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Number of Ha of forest plantation whose management is transferred to the private operators B Change in Forest area degraded/ rehabilitated B Integrated approach to planning and monitoring for sustainable land management National land use development master plan (NLUDMP) that includes comprehensive measures and procedures for sustainable land use practices MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 60 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink Detailed spatial plans for all districts B % of compliance of land use development plans (LUDP) to the NLUDMP B 52 GREEN RWANDADevelop a harmonized and integrated spatial data management system for sustainable land use management Accurate data on exposure to climate vulnerability on households (HHs) and infrastructures in high risk areas reported MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and increased surface area for carbon sink Percentage of operational integrated geospatial information framework integrated with environmental and socio-economic statistics B Inclusive land administration that regulate and provide guidance for land tenure security Percentage of registered state land optimally used MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, RFA) B 5 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and surface area for carbon sink Model linking land use/ administration in place B Human Settlements High density buildings and informal settlement upgrading Percentage of (1) urban population living in informal settlements, (2) rural population living in clustered settlements MININFRA/ MoE (RHA, RLUMA, RWRB, WASAC, Districts, Private Sector, RDB, Civil society) A 400 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use, electricity and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink B Average share of the built-up area of cities that is open and green space for public use for all (SDG) B Access to water and sanitation services B Storm water management Percentage of urban population in areas covered by master plans with storm water considerations B 400 million USD Sustenance of new and existing hydropower plants UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONHealth Strengthen preventive measures and create capacity to adapt to disease outbreaks Malaria proportional mortality rate per 1,000 population MINISANTE, (RBC, Meteo Rwanda, Civil society) A 185 million USD Challenging to evaluate the several factors for health related GHG emissions Improved transport infrastructure and services Environmental and engineering guidelines developed (for climate resilient road infrastructure) MININFRA / MINEMA ( RTDA, RHA, Meteo Rwanda; Districts) B 600 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved transport services which reduces motorized private transport Reduction of length of roads vulnerable to flood and landslides B Number of passengers using the public transport each year MININFRA (RTDA, Private Sector) B Mining Climate compatible mining Percentage of companies deploying climate compatible mining MoE/ MINICOM (RMB, Private Sector, Civil society) B 59.3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from energy efficiency measures Cross-cutting 21 Disaster risk monitoring Population covered by Disaster risk reduction (DRR) programs MINEMA / MoE (Meteo Rwanda, REMA, RWRB, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from community-based DRR programs such as improved farming techniques Number of effective city contingency plans developed B Establish an integrated early warning system, and disaster response plans Percentage of extreme weather events for which advance warning was provided at least 30 minutes in advance A 10 million USD Institutional capacity building and development for cross-sector NDC implementation Number of staff who acquired technical skills to effectively coordinate and report on NDC implementation MoE (REMA and other NDC participating sectors) B 6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved access to technology and knowledge Access to finance (Resource mobilisation) Cumulative volume of finance [USD millions] mobilized for climate and environmental purposes MINECOFIN / MoE (FONERWA, REMA and other NDC participating sectors) A 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from NDCs projects implementation 54 GREEN RWANDAUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION 6.4 Funding requirements The cost estimates for adaptation interventions was made for the two phases, i.e. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 992,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Private sector, Civil society) B 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved crop management Develop sustainable land management practices (soil erosion control; landscape management) Area of Land under erosion control measures and used optimally MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 346.1 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved land use changes Percentage of arable land (to the land area) A Expand irrigation and improve water management Number of hectares under irrigation within IWRM framework MINAGRI/ MoE (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, RWRB, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) A 2,261 million USD Efficient irrigation reduces nitrogen losses including emissions from nitrous oxide Expand crop and livestock insurance Ha of crops under insurance MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Banks, insurance companies, Private sector) B 109.6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved management of crop failure Number of cows under insurance B Land and Forestry Development of Agroforestry and Sustainable Agriculture (control soil erosion and improved soil fertility) Change in land area covered by agroforestry MINAGRI / MoE / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RLUMA, RFA, Private sector, Civil society) A 92 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONPromote afforestation / reforestation of designated areas Hectares of forest restored/ afforested in program area and hectares of protected forest in project/ program area MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 16.8 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Percentage of forest area (to the land area) A Improve Forest Management for degraded forest resources Number of Ha of private forest restored and whose owners are grouped into cooperatives MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 8.1 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Number of Ha of forest plantation whose management is transferred to the private operators B Change in Forest area degraded/ rehabilitated B Integrated approach to planning and monitoring for sustainable land management National land use development master plan (NLUDMP) that includes comprehensive measures and procedures for sustainable land use practices MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 60 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink Detailed spatial plans for all districts B % of compliance of land use development plans (LUDP) to the NLUDMP B 52 GREEN RWANDADevelop a harmonized and integrated spatial data management system for sustainable land use management Accurate data on exposure to climate vulnerability on households (HHs) and infrastructures in high risk areas reported MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and increased surface area for carbon sink Percentage of operational integrated geospatial information framework integrated with environmental and socio-economic statistics B Inclusive land administration that regulate and provide guidance for land tenure security Percentage of registered state land optimally used MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, RFA) B 5 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and surface area for carbon sink Model linking land use/ administration in place B Human Settlements High density buildings and informal settlement upgrading Percentage of (1) urban population living in informal settlements, (2) rural population living in clustered settlements MININFRA/ MoE (RHA, RLUMA, RWRB, WASAC, Districts, Private Sector, RDB, Civil society) A 400 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use, electricity and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink B Average share of the built-up area of cities that is open and green space for public use for all (SDG) B Access to water and sanitation services B Storm water management Percentage of urban population in areas covered by master plans with storm water considerations B 400 million USD Sustenance of new and existing hydropower plants UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONHealth Strengthen preventive measures and create capacity to adapt to disease outbreaks Malaria proportional mortality rate per 1,000 population MINISANTE, (RBC, Meteo Rwanda, Civil society) A 185 million USD Challenging to evaluate the several factors for health related GHG emissions Improved transport infrastructure and services Environmental and engineering guidelines developed (for climate resilient road infrastructure) MININFRA / MINEMA ( RTDA, RHA, Meteo Rwanda; Districts) B 600 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved transport services which reduces motorized private transport Reduction of length of roads vulnerable to flood and landslides B Number of passengers using the public transport each year MININFRA (RTDA, Private Sector) B Mining Climate compatible mining Percentage of companies deploying climate compatible mining MoE/ MINICOM (RMB, Private Sector, Civil society) B 59.3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from energy efficiency measures Cross-cutting 21 Disaster risk monitoring Population covered by Disaster risk reduction (DRR) programs MINEMA / MoE (Meteo Rwanda, REMA, RWRB, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from community-based DRR programs such as improved farming techniques Number of effective city contingency plans developed B Establish an integrated early warning system, and disaster response plans Percentage of extreme weather events for which advance warning was provided at least 30 minutes in advance A 10 million USD Institutional capacity building and development for cross-sector NDC implementation Number of staff who acquired technical skills to effectively coordinate and report on NDC implementation MoE (REMA and other NDC participating sectors) B 6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved access to technology and knowledge Access to finance (Resource mobilisation) Cumulative volume of finance [USD millions] mobilized for climate and environmental purposes MINECOFIN / MoE (FONERWA, REMA and other NDC participating sectors) A 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from NDCs projects implementation 54 GREEN RWANDAUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION 6.4 Funding requirements The cost estimates for adaptation interventions was made for the two phases, i.e. 2020-2025 and 2025-2030. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 712,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Private sector, Civil society) B 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved crop management Develop sustainable land management practices (soil erosion control; landscape management) Area of Land under erosion control measures and used optimally MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 346.1 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved land use changes Percentage of arable land (to the land area) A Expand irrigation and improve water management Number of hectares under irrigation within IWRM framework MINAGRI/ MoE (RAB, NAEB, RLUMA, RWRB, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) A 2,261 million USD Efficient irrigation reduces nitrogen losses including emissions from nitrous oxide Expand crop and livestock insurance Ha of crops under insurance MINAGRI (RAB, NAEB, Banks, insurance companies, Private sector) B 109.6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved management of crop failure Number of cows under insurance B Land and Forestry Development of Agroforestry and Sustainable Agriculture (control soil erosion and improved soil fertility) Change in land area covered by agroforestry MINAGRI / MoE / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RLUMA, RFA, Private sector, Civil society) A 92 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONPromote afforestation / reforestation of designated areas Hectares of forest restored/ afforested in program area and hectares of protected forest in project/ program area MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 16.8 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Percentage of forest area (to the land area) A Improve Forest Management for degraded forest resources Number of Ha of private forest restored and whose owners are grouped into cooperatives MoE/ MINAGRI / MINALOC, (RAB, REMA, RFA, RLUMA, Private sector, Civil society) B 8.1 million USD Improved GHG sink capacity/ reduced emissions Number of Ha of forest plantation whose management is transferred to the private operators B Change in Forest area degraded/ rehabilitated B Integrated approach to planning and monitoring for sustainable land management National land use development master plan (NLUDMP) that includes comprehensive measures and procedures for sustainable land use practices MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 60 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink Detailed spatial plans for all districts B % of compliance of land use development plans (LUDP) to the NLUDMP B 52 GREEN RWANDADevelop a harmonized and integrated spatial data management system for sustainable land use management Accurate data on exposure to climate vulnerability on households (HHs) and infrastructures in high risk areas reported MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, REMA, RFA, Districts, Private sector, Civil society) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and increased surface area for carbon sink Percentage of operational integrated geospatial information framework integrated with environmental and socio-economic statistics B Inclusive land administration that regulate and provide guidance for land tenure security Percentage of registered state land optimally used MoE / MINAGRI / MININFRA / MINALOC (RLUMA, RAB, RHA, RFA) B 5 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use and surface area for carbon sink Model linking land use/ administration in place B Human Settlements High density buildings and informal settlement upgrading Percentage of (1) urban population living in informal settlements, (2) rural population living in clustered settlements MININFRA/ MoE (RHA, RLUMA, RWRB, WASAC, Districts, Private Sector, RDB, Civil society) A 400 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from efficient land use, electricity and transport plus increased surface area for carbon sink B Average share of the built-up area of cities that is open and green space for public use for all (SDG) B Access to water and sanitation services B Storm water management Percentage of urban population in areas covered by master plans with storm water considerations B 400 million USD Sustenance of new and existing hydropower plants UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONHealth Strengthen preventive measures and create capacity to adapt to disease outbreaks Malaria proportional mortality rate per 1,000 population MINISANTE, (RBC, Meteo Rwanda, Civil society) A 185 million USD Challenging to evaluate the several factors for health related GHG emissions Improved transport infrastructure and services Environmental and engineering guidelines developed (for climate resilient road infrastructure) MININFRA / MINEMA ( RTDA, RHA, Meteo Rwanda; Districts) B 600 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved transport services which reduces motorized private transport Reduction of length of roads vulnerable to flood and landslides B Number of passengers using the public transport each year MININFRA (RTDA, Private Sector) B Mining Climate compatible mining Percentage of companies deploying climate compatible mining MoE/ MINICOM (RMB, Private Sector, Civil society) B 59.3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from energy efficiency measures Cross-cutting 21 Disaster risk monitoring Population covered by Disaster risk reduction (DRR) programs MINEMA / MoE (Meteo Rwanda, REMA, RWRB, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR) B 20 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from community-based DRR programs such as improved farming techniques Number of effective city contingency plans developed B Establish an integrated early warning system, and disaster response plans Percentage of extreme weather events for which advance warning was provided at least 30 minutes in advance A 10 million USD Institutional capacity building and development for cross-sector NDC implementation Number of staff who acquired technical skills to effectively coordinate and report on NDC implementation MoE (REMA and other NDC participating sectors) B 6 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from improved access to technology and knowledge Access to finance (Resource mobilisation) Cumulative volume of finance [USD millions] mobilized for climate and environmental purposes MINECOFIN / MoE (FONERWA, REMA and other NDC participating sectors) A 3 million USD Reduced GHG emissions from NDCs projects implementation 54 GREEN RWANDAUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION 6.4 Funding requirements The cost estimates for adaptation interventions was made for the two phases, i.e. 2020-2025 and 2025-2030. Estimates were made by referring to different planning documents, among others, the National Strategy for Transformation (NST1: 2017-2024), Sector Strategic Plans (SSPs) and the cost of other similar projects. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 712,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | and methods & procedures: to compile NDC MRV results. • Ultimate level for endorsement of NDC MRV and communicates the results for upstream NDC MRV based policy and strategic decision making • Institutional Strengthening and capacity building and training and facilitating linkages through a comprehensive stakeholder engagement process and jointly define the political, strategic, and tactical elements of the NDC MRV systemUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION Mitigation MININFRA Energy and related indicators REG REMA, RHA, RDB, MINECOFIN, Rwanda Green Fund, MINALOC, RSB, MINISANTE, private sector, civil society Transport, related inidcators RTDA RURA, MINALOC, CoK, MINECOFIN, Rwanda Green Fund, operators, REMA, MoE, Private sector transport operators, financial institutions, civil society Waste relevant indicators MINALOC Municipalities, CoK and districts RURA, RHA, MoE, REMA, Private sector, NGOs, Civil Society, WASAC, REG, MINEACOM, MINAGRI, RDB, civil society MINICOM IPPU related indicators MINICOM MINECOFIN, MINAGRI,, MoE, REMA, FONERWA, WASAC, NIRDA,RDB, REG, MINALOC, Private sector, civil society MINAGRI AFOLU (agriculture) related indicators RAB and RFA REMA, RFA, RURA, Private Sector, civil society, WASAC, higher learning and research institutions Adaptation Line Ministry Activity/Indicator Lead Agency Key stakeholders MoE Percentage change in national climate change vulnerability index REMA All productive and social sectors/institutions of the Rwanda economy MINALOC/ MoE/MINEMA Number and Percentage of districts at high risk of suffering major climate change effect REMA MINEMA Average level of satisfaction of major Weather and Climate information institutional users with METEO RWANDA Weather and Climate information Rwanda Meteo MoE, REMA, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR, UR, MINEDUC, RDF, RNP, civil society Rwanda Water Resources Board (RWRB) Water storage per capita RWRB MoE, MINAGRI, UR/ CAVM, MININFRA, Meteo Rwanda, REMA, RAB, civil society, WASAC, PSF, RLUMA, City of Kigali and MINALOC Number (%) of (a) Households, and (b) Institutions with a Rain Water Harvesting (RWH) system installed.66 GREEN RWANDA MoE Proportion of land surface covered by forest [Forest cover]. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 89,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | • Ultimate level for endorsement of NDC MRV and communicates the results for upstream NDC MRV based policy and strategic decision making • Institutional Strengthening and capacity building and training and facilitating linkages through a comprehensive stakeholder engagement process and jointly define the political, strategic, and tactical elements of the NDC MRV systemUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION Mitigation MININFRA Energy and related indicators REG REMA, RHA, RDB, MINECOFIN, Rwanda Green Fund, MINALOC, RSB, MINISANTE, private sector, civil society Transport, related inidcators RTDA RURA, MINALOC, CoK, MINECOFIN, Rwanda Green Fund, operators, REMA, MoE, Private sector transport operators, financial institutions, civil society Waste relevant indicators MINALOC Municipalities, CoK and districts RURA, RHA, MoE, REMA, Private sector, NGOs, Civil Society, WASAC, REG, MINEACOM, MINAGRI, RDB, civil society MINICOM IPPU related indicators MINICOM MINECOFIN, MINAGRI,, MoE, REMA, FONERWA, WASAC, NIRDA,RDB, REG, MINALOC, Private sector, civil society MINAGRI AFOLU (agriculture) related indicators RAB and RFA REMA, RFA, RURA, Private Sector, civil society, WASAC, higher learning and research institutions Adaptation Line Ministry Activity/Indicator Lead Agency Key stakeholders MoE Percentage change in national climate change vulnerability index REMA All productive and social sectors/institutions of the Rwanda economy MINALOC/ MoE/MINEMA Number and Percentage of districts at high risk of suffering major climate change effect REMA MINEMA Average level of satisfaction of major Weather and Climate information institutional users with METEO RWANDA Weather and Climate information Rwanda Meteo MoE, REMA, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR, UR, MINEDUC, RDF, RNP, civil society Rwanda Water Resources Board (RWRB) Water storage per capita RWRB MoE, MINAGRI, UR/ CAVM, MININFRA, Meteo Rwanda, REMA, RAB, civil society, WASAC, PSF, RLUMA, City of Kigali and MINALOC Number (%) of (a) Households, and (b) Institutions with a Rain Water Harvesting (RWH) system installed.66 GREEN RWANDA MoE Proportion of land surface covered by forest [Forest cover]. This excludes agro-forestry area. | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 80,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | • Ultimate level for endorsement of NDC MRV and communicates the results for upstream NDC MRV based policy and strategic decision making • Institutional Strengthening and capacity building and training and facilitating linkages through a comprehensive stakeholder engagement process and jointly define the political, strategic, and tactical elements of the NDC MRV systemUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION Mitigation MININFRA Energy and related indicators REG REMA, RHA, RDB, MINECOFIN, Rwanda Green Fund, MINALOC, RSB, MINISANTE, private sector, civil society Transport, related inidcators RTDA RURA, MINALOC, CoK, MINECOFIN, Rwanda Green Fund, operators, REMA, MoE, Private sector transport operators, financial institutions, civil society Waste relevant indicators MINALOC Municipalities, CoK and districts RURA, RHA, MoE, REMA, Private sector, NGOs, Civil Society, WASAC, REG, MINEACOM, MINAGRI, RDB, civil society MINICOM IPPU related indicators MINICOM MINECOFIN, MINAGRI,, MoE, REMA, FONERWA, WASAC, NIRDA,RDB, REG, MINALOC, Private sector, civil society MINAGRI AFOLU (agriculture) related indicators RAB and RFA REMA, RFA, RURA, Private Sector, civil society, WASAC, higher learning and research institutions Adaptation Line Ministry Activity/Indicator Lead Agency Key stakeholders MoE Percentage change in national climate change vulnerability index REMA All productive and social sectors/institutions of the Rwanda economy MINALOC/ MoE/MINEMA Number and Percentage of districts at high risk of suffering major climate change effect REMA MINEMA Average level of satisfaction of major Weather and Climate information institutional users with METEO RWANDA Weather and Climate information Rwanda Meteo MoE, REMA, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR, UR, MINEDUC, RDF, RNP, civil society Rwanda Water Resources Board (RWRB) Water storage per capita RWRB MoE, MINAGRI, UR/ CAVM, MININFRA, Meteo Rwanda, REMA, RAB, civil society, WASAC, PSF, RLUMA, City of Kigali and MINALOC Number (%) of (a) Households, and (b) Institutions with a Rain Water Harvesting (RWH) system installed.66 GREEN RWANDA MoE Proportion of land surface covered by forest [Forest cover]. This excludes agro-forestry area. RFA REMA, Rwanda Green Fund, RAB, RLUMA, civil society, districts, Private Sector, MINALOC MINEMA Percentage of extreme weather events for which advance warning was provided at least 30 min in advance Rwanda Meteo MoE, REMA, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR, UR, MINEDUC, RDF, RNP, civil society Finance and support (Capacity building and technical support including technology transfer) Line Ministry Activity/Indicator Lead Agency Key stakeholders MINECOFIN Total amount of finance mobilized for Green Investments (by major category – Climate Change mitigation; Green Energy production etc.) | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 80,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | RFA REMA, Rwanda Green Fund, RAB, RLUMA, civil society, districts, Private Sector, MINALOC MINEMA Percentage of extreme weather events for which advance warning was provided at least 30 min in advance Rwanda Meteo MoE, REMA, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR, UR, MINEDUC, RDF, RNP, civil society Finance and support (Capacity building and technical support including technology transfer) Line Ministry Activity/Indicator Lead Agency Key stakeholders MINECOFIN Total amount of finance mobilized for Green Investments (by major category – Climate Change mitigation; Green Energy production etc.) Rwanda Green Fund MOE, REMA Rwanda Development Board (RDB) Capacity building technical support and technology transfer REMA MoE/FONERWA and all NDC supporting institutions and organizations High level National/Global indicators planned to harmonize reporting on climate adaptation/ resilience Line Ministry Activity/Indicator Lead Agency Key stakeholders MININFRA Proportion of the rural population who live within 2 km of an all-season road (SDG RTDA MINECOFIN, MINALOC and Districts MINISANTE/ MINAGRI Percentage of health centres with at least one food and nutrition outreach programme; ECDC/RAB NISR MINEMA Annual loss due to damage caused by weather-related hazards / number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population (SDG 13.1.1); Rwanda Meteo MoE RAB, REMA, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR, UR, MINEDUC, RDF, RNP, civil society Number of people with access to improved climate-related early warning information or systems for extreme weather events MINEMA MINAGRI Change in climate sensitive agricultural production / Proportion of agriculture land protected against erosion (NDC); RAB/RWRB NAEB, MINALOC, Districts, REMA, RWFA, RLUMA, Private Sector, civil societyUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION RWRB Freshwater withdrawal rate / National Water Security Plan to employ water storage and rain water harvesting, water conservation practices, efficient irrigation established and operational (NDC). | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 142,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | Rwanda Green Fund MOE, REMA Rwanda Development Board (RDB) Capacity building technical support and technology transfer REMA MoE/FONERWA and all NDC supporting institutions and organizations High level National/Global indicators planned to harmonize reporting on climate adaptation/ resilience Line Ministry Activity/Indicator Lead Agency Key stakeholders MININFRA Proportion of the rural population who live within 2 km of an all-season road (SDG RTDA MINECOFIN, MINALOC and Districts MINISANTE/ MINAGRI Percentage of health centres with at least one food and nutrition outreach programme; ECDC/RAB NISR MINEMA Annual loss due to damage caused by weather-related hazards / number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population (SDG 13.1.1); Rwanda Meteo MoE RAB, REMA, MINALOC, MININFRA, NISR, UR, MINEDUC, RDF, RNP, civil society Number of people with access to improved climate-related early warning information or systems for extreme weather events MINEMA MINAGRI Change in climate sensitive agricultural production / Proportion of agriculture land protected against erosion (NDC); RAB/RWRB NAEB, MINALOC, Districts, REMA, RWFA, RLUMA, Private Sector, civil societyUPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION RWRB Freshwater withdrawal rate / National Water Security Plan to employ water storage and rain water harvesting, water conservation practices, efficient irrigation established and operational (NDC). RWRB MoE, MINAGRI, UR/ CAVM, MININFRA, Meteo Rwanda, REMA, RAB, civil society, WASAC, PSF, RLUMA, City of Kigali and MINALOC MINISANTE Change of malaria hazards; RBC MINAGRI, MINALOC, MINEMA, Meteo Rwanda, civil society MINECOFIN Specialized support, and amount of support, including finance, technology and capacity-building, for mechanisms for raising capacities for effective climate change-related planning and management (SDG 13.B.1). | Rwanda | {
"answer_start": 60,
"text": "RTDA"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Rwanda_Updated_NDC_May_2020.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | Updated NDC | null | RWA |
G_Report | null | en-US | The main actors in the maritime sector in Tonga are the Marine and Ports Division (MPD) of the MOI, Ports Authority Tonga (PAT), Ministry of Education, Tonga Maritime Polytechnic Institute (TMPI) and a number of private sector actors. The MPD is responsible for oversight of the maritime sector (policy, regulation of domestic shipping, ship registry operation, port and flag state control, auditing of PAT and TMPI). MPD also manages and operates six domestic ports (World Bank, 2015). The MOI also collects data on domestic shipping, including the number of ferries, the number of passengers, and the volume of cargo delivered to various wharves (GoT and UNCTCN, 2018). PAT is responsible for the management and operations of Nuku’alofa Port. It is a government-owned enterprise overseen by the Ministry of Public Enterprises. | Tonga | {
"answer_start": 77,
"text": "The MOI also collects data on domestic shipping, including the number of ferries, the number of passengers, and the volume of cargo delivered to various wharves (GoT and UNCTCN, 2018)."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/TON_LTS_Nov2021.pdf | What reporting, transparency and feedback mechanism are in place for transport activities? | LTS | null | TON |
M_Other | null | en-US | Investments in city and transport infrastructure are also built with the expectation they should last for over 30 years. This means that the investments made today and during the current NDC period will determine much of the activity, and associated emissions, of 2050. Creating a LEDS which aligns with the Paris Agreement thus requires new planning approaches and tools. Clear, ambitious long-term targets must be set, consistent with the Paris goals. From these, policy makers must establish what are the medium and short-term requirements needed to ensure the achievement of the long-term goals, to inform actions taken on a much shorter timeframe so they can help rather than hinder success and avoid long- term lock-in to emissions intensive options. | South Africa | {
"answer_start": 0,
"text": "Investments in city and transport infrastructure are also built with the expectation they should last for over 30 years. This means that the investments made today and during the current NDC period will determine much of the activity, and associated emissions, of 2050."
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/South%20Africa%27s%20Low%20Emission%20Development%20Strategy.pdf | What is the allocated budget? | LTS | null | ZAF |
M_Other | null | en-US | These funds are attractive for developing countries because, unlike traditional private finance, the investors may accept lowerTanzania’s Nationally Determined Contribution 25 returns as a trade-off for delivering a social impact. Foundations and NGOs even provide, albeit in smaller amounts, grant funding without any expectations of returns on the investment. Some of these organizations have been instrumental in involving private-sector companies in pilot projects related to climate change. 6. NDC MEANS OF IMPLEMENTATION This NDC estimates a total budget of USD 19,232,170,000 for its implementation. However, Tanzania’s effective capacity to undertake strong adaptation and mitigation actions requires resources beyond domestic resources, thus NDC implementation depends largely on support from the international community. | United Republic of Tanzania | {
"answer_start": 73,
"text": "NDC estimates a total budget of USD 19,232,170,000 for its implementation"
} | https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/TANZANIA_NDC_SUBMISSION_30%20JULY%202021.pdf | What is the allocated budget? | Updated NDC | null | TZA |