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Given the following passage
"On January 25, 1918, at the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, the unrecognized state was renamed the Soviet Russian Republic. On March 3, 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany, in exchange for peace in World War I. On July 10, 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire had seceded, reducing the size of the country even more.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Why did Germany get the land? | [
3065,
1
] |
peace
|
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Given the following passage
"On January 25, 1918, at the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, the unrecognized state was renamed the Soviet Russian Republic. On March 3, 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany, in exchange for peace in World War I. On July 10, 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire had seceded, reducing the size of the country even more.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What did the All-Russian Congress agree to? | [
1517,
550,
231,
13,
8,
1322,
13,
8,
1798,
4263,
12187,
12,
3434,
1
] |
giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany
|
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58
] |
Given the following passage
"On January 25, 1918, at the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, the unrecognized state was renamed the Soviet Russian Republic. On March 3, 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany, in exchange for peace in World War I. On July 10, 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire had seceded, reducing the size of the country even more.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What first reduced the size of the country? | [
1517,
550,
231,
13,
8,
1322,
13,
8,
1798,
4263,
12187,
12,
3434,
1
] |
giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany
|
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Given the following passage
"The economy of Russia became heavily industrialized, accounting for about two-thirds of the electricity produced in the USSR. It was, by 1961, the third largest producer of petroleum due to new discoveries in the Volga-Urals region and Siberia, trailing only the United States and Saudi Arabia. In 1974, there were 475 institutes of higher education in the republic providing education in 47 languages to some 23,941,000 students. A network of territorially-organized public-health services provided health care. After 1985, the restructuring policies of the Gorbachev administration relatively liberalised the economy, which had become stagnant since the late 1970s, with the introduction of non-state owned enterprises such as cooperatives. The effects of market policies led to the failure of many enterprises and total instability by 1990.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Were there more students or institutes of higher education in 1974? | [
481,
1
] |
students
|
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Given the following passage
"Due to the centralisation of power and the Viking invasions, there is relatively little written record of the non-Wessex dialects after Alfred's unification. Some Mercian texts continued to be written, however, and the influence of Mercian is apparent in some of the translations produced under Alfred's programme, many of which were produced by Mercian scholars. Other dialects certainly continued to be spoken, as is evidenced by the continued variation between their successors in Middle and Modern English. In fact, what would become the standard forms of Middle English and of Modern English are descended from Mercian rather than West Saxon, while Scots developed from the Northumbrian dialect. It was once claimed that, owing to its position at the heart of the Kingdom of Wessex, the relics of Anglo-Saxon accent, idiom and vocabulary were best preserved in the dialect of Somerset.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Who was responsible for the language shift? | [
19476,
1
] |
Viking
|
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58
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Given the following passage
"Due to the centralisation of power and the Viking invasions, there is relatively little written record of the non-Wessex dialects after Alfred's unification. Some Mercian texts continued to be written, however, and the influence of Mercian is apparent in some of the translations produced under Alfred's programme, many of which were produced by Mercian scholars. Other dialects certainly continued to be spoken, as is evidenced by the continued variation between their successors in Middle and Modern English. In fact, what would become the standard forms of Middle English and of Modern English are descended from Mercian rather than West Saxon, while Scots developed from the Northumbrian dialect. It was once claimed that, owing to its position at the heart of the Kingdom of Wessex, the relics of Anglo-Saxon accent, idiom and vocabulary were best preserved in the dialect of Somerset.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Who was the primary cause of keeping the written language alive? | [
8923,
152,
15120,
1
] |
Mercian scholars
|
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58
] |
Given the following passage
"Due to the centralisation of power and the Viking invasions, there is relatively little written record of the non-Wessex dialects after Alfred's unification. Some Mercian texts continued to be written, however, and the influence of Mercian is apparent in some of the translations produced under Alfred's programme, many of which were produced by Mercian scholars. Other dialects certainly continued to be spoken, as is evidenced by the continued variation between their successors in Middle and Modern English. In fact, what would become the standard forms of Middle English and of Modern English are descended from Mercian rather than West Saxon, while Scots developed from the Northumbrian dialect. It was once claimed that, owing to its position at the heart of the Kingdom of Wessex, the relics of Anglo-Saxon accent, idiom and vocabulary were best preserved in the dialect of Somerset.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which Languages developed in tandem with the non-Wessex dialects? | [
4551,
11,
5070,
1566,
1
] |
Middle and Modern English
|
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3,
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7,
41,
2376,
96,
107,
1433,
121,
11,
96,
25968,
8512,
6,
13274,
7,
11,
554,
4718,
7,
3,
18,
504,
8,
167,
7027,
23124,
2860,
117,
8,
200,
2084,
13,
27700,
29,
2860,
3475,
16,
8,
3616,
1448,
24564,
7,
21,
6,
38,
1022,
4339,
7,
35,
9379,
6,
150,
14877,
3223,
16,
893,
27700,
42,
16,
5961,
2789,
45,
48,
97,
12,
428,
824,
2084,
13,
46,
2860,
30,
28230,
5,
37,
483,
12,
3525,
1566,
45,
3525,
7005,
7,
15,
47,
31046,
6,
399,
9856,
757,
6,
11,
13,
3,
9,
15053,
1848,
5,
3525,
7005,
7,
15,
11,
3525,
1566,
3,
17083,
26,
284,
119,
4799,
114,
12685,
7,
11,
28,
128,
1234,
16,
1017,
6,
79,
10209,
7571,
284,
119,
117,
16,
97,
8,
16,
89,
12252,
7,
3,
19293,
550,
11,
8,
46,
9,
14991,
3275,
13999,
5,
94,
19,
167,
105,
21206,
12,
4206,
24,
16,
186,
1234,
8,
1566,
11,
27700,
29,
1612,
7641,
15,
26,
5752,
120,
16,
70,
16,
26303,
6318,
2479,
5,
37,
643,
13,
8,
1448,
47,
78,
2111,
8,
337,
16,
8,
192,
8024,
24,
163,
8,
7784,
7,
133,
474,
14637,
16,
8,
194,
13,
8543,
1705,
5,
86,
8,
4838,
2074,
84,
16415,
16,
8,
2744,
15,
4207,
175,
7784,
7,
398,
43,
2237,
12,
231,
12413,
6,
2134,
53,
11556,
12,
582,
21634,
26,
11,
2031,
1513,
1239,
100,
3,
24854,
13,
151,
7,
11,
8024,
16725,
741,
15,
26,
16,
105,
7,
10296,
8587,
1566,
19519,
1239,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
4410,
7,
19476,
2860,
30,
1612,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The strength of the Viking influence on Old English appears from the fact that the indispensable elements of the language - pronouns, modals, comparatives, pronominal adverbs (like "hence" and "together"), conjunctions and prepositions - show the most marked Danish influence; the best evidence of Scandinavian influence appears in the extensive word borrowings for, as Jespersen indicates, no texts exist in either Scandinavia or in Northern England from this time to give certain evidence of an influence on syntax. The change to Old English from Old Norse was substantive, pervasive, and of a democratic character. Old Norse and Old English resembled each other closely like cousins and with some words in common, they roughly understood each other; in time the inflections melted away and the analytic pattern emerged. It is most “important to recognize that in many words the English and Scandinavian language differed chiefly in their inflectional elements. The body of the word was so nearly the same in the two languages that only the endings would put obstacles in the way of mutual understanding. In the mixed population which existed in the Danelaw these endings must have led to much confusion, tending gradually to become obscured and finally lost.” This blending of peoples and languages happily resulted in “simplifying English grammar.”",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What proves Viking influence on language? | [
8,
15225,
2479,
13,
8,
1612,
3,
18,
813,
15358,
29,
7,
6,
3,
20226,
7,
6,
18858,
15,
7,
6,
813,
3114,
10270,
3,
9,
26,
11868,
7,
41,
2376,
96,
107,
1433,
121,
11,
96,
25968,
8512,
6,
13274,
7,
11,
554,
4718,
7,
3,
18,
504,
8,
167,
7027,
23124,
2860,
1
] |
the indispensable elements of the language - pronouns, modals, comparatives, pronominal adverbs (like "hence" and "together"), conjunctions and prepositions - show the most marked Danish influence
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
2793,
13,
8,
19476,
2860,
30,
3525,
1566,
3475,
45,
8,
685,
24,
8,
15225,
2479,
13,
8,
1612,
3,
18,
813,
15358,
29,
7,
6,
3,
20226,
7,
6,
18858,
15,
7,
6,
813,
3114,
10270,
3,
9,
26,
11868,
7,
41,
2376,
96,
107,
1433,
121,
11,
96,
25968,
8512,
6,
13274,
7,
11,
554,
4718,
7,
3,
18,
504,
8,
167,
7027,
23124,
2860,
117,
8,
200,
2084,
13,
27700,
29,
2860,
3475,
16,
8,
3616,
1448,
24564,
7,
21,
6,
38,
1022,
4339,
7,
35,
9379,
6,
150,
14877,
3223,
16,
893,
27700,
42,
16,
5961,
2789,
45,
48,
97,
12,
428,
824,
2084,
13,
46,
2860,
30,
28230,
5,
37,
483,
12,
3525,
1566,
45,
3525,
7005,
7,
15,
47,
31046,
6,
399,
9856,
757,
6,
11,
13,
3,
9,
15053,
1848,
5,
3525,
7005,
7,
15,
11,
3525,
1566,
3,
17083,
26,
284,
119,
4799,
114,
12685,
7,
11,
28,
128,
1234,
16,
1017,
6,
79,
10209,
7571,
284,
119,
117,
16,
97,
8,
16,
89,
12252,
7,
3,
19293,
550,
11,
8,
46,
9,
14991,
3275,
13999,
5,
94,
19,
167,
105,
21206,
12,
4206,
24,
16,
186,
1234,
8,
1566,
11,
27700,
29,
1612,
7641,
15,
26,
5752,
120,
16,
70,
16,
26303,
6318,
2479,
5,
37,
643,
13,
8,
1448,
47,
78,
2111,
8,
337,
16,
8,
192,
8024,
24,
163,
8,
7784,
7,
133,
474,
14637,
16,
8,
194,
13,
8543,
1705,
5,
86,
8,
4838,
2074,
84,
16415,
16,
8,
2744,
15,
4207,
175,
7784,
7,
398,
43,
2237,
12,
231,
12413,
6,
2134,
53,
11556,
12,
582,
21634,
26,
11,
2031,
1513,
1239,
100,
3,
24854,
13,
151,
7,
11,
8024,
16725,
741,
15,
26,
16,
105,
7,
10296,
8587,
1566,
19519,
1239,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
1615,
54,
62,
59,
36,
417,
13,
1612,
2860,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The strength of the Viking influence on Old English appears from the fact that the indispensable elements of the language - pronouns, modals, comparatives, pronominal adverbs (like "hence" and "together"), conjunctions and prepositions - show the most marked Danish influence; the best evidence of Scandinavian influence appears in the extensive word borrowings for, as Jespersen indicates, no texts exist in either Scandinavia or in Northern England from this time to give certain evidence of an influence on syntax. The change to Old English from Old Norse was substantive, pervasive, and of a democratic character. Old Norse and Old English resembled each other closely like cousins and with some words in common, they roughly understood each other; in time the inflections melted away and the analytic pattern emerged. It is most “important to recognize that in many words the English and Scandinavian language differed chiefly in their inflectional elements. The body of the word was so nearly the same in the two languages that only the endings would put obstacles in the way of mutual understanding. In the mixed population which existed in the Danelaw these endings must have led to much confusion, tending gradually to become obscured and finally lost.” This blending of peoples and languages happily resulted in “simplifying English grammar.”",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Why can we not be sure of language influence? | [
150,
14877,
3223,
16,
893,
27700,
42,
16,
5961,
2789,
45,
48,
97,
1
] |
no texts exist in either Scandinavia or in Northern England from this time
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
2793,
13,
8,
19476,
2860,
30,
3525,
1566,
3475,
45,
8,
685,
24,
8,
15225,
2479,
13,
8,
1612,
3,
18,
813,
15358,
29,
7,
6,
3,
20226,
7,
6,
18858,
15,
7,
6,
813,
3114,
10270,
3,
9,
26,
11868,
7,
41,
2376,
96,
107,
1433,
121,
11,
96,
25968,
8512,
6,
13274,
7,
11,
554,
4718,
7,
3,
18,
504,
8,
167,
7027,
23124,
2860,
117,
8,
200,
2084,
13,
27700,
29,
2860,
3475,
16,
8,
3616,
1448,
24564,
7,
21,
6,
38,
1022,
4339,
7,
35,
9379,
6,
150,
14877,
3223,
16,
893,
27700,
42,
16,
5961,
2789,
45,
48,
97,
12,
428,
824,
2084,
13,
46,
2860,
30,
28230,
5,
37,
483,
12,
3525,
1566,
45,
3525,
7005,
7,
15,
47,
31046,
6,
399,
9856,
757,
6,
11,
13,
3,
9,
15053,
1848,
5,
3525,
7005,
7,
15,
11,
3525,
1566,
3,
17083,
26,
284,
119,
4799,
114,
12685,
7,
11,
28,
128,
1234,
16,
1017,
6,
79,
10209,
7571,
284,
119,
117,
16,
97,
8,
16,
89,
12252,
7,
3,
19293,
550,
11,
8,
46,
9,
14991,
3275,
13999,
5,
94,
19,
167,
105,
21206,
12,
4206,
24,
16,
186,
1234,
8,
1566,
11,
27700,
29,
1612,
7641,
15,
26,
5752,
120,
16,
70,
16,
26303,
6318,
2479,
5,
37,
643,
13,
8,
1448,
47,
78,
2111,
8,
337,
16,
8,
192,
8024,
24,
163,
8,
7784,
7,
133,
474,
14637,
16,
8,
194,
13,
8543,
1705,
5,
86,
8,
4838,
2074,
84,
16415,
16,
8,
2744,
15,
4207,
175,
7784,
7,
398,
43,
2237,
12,
231,
12413,
6,
2134,
53,
11556,
12,
582,
21634,
26,
11,
2031,
1513,
1239,
100,
3,
24854,
13,
151,
7,
11,
8024,
16725,
741,
15,
26,
16,
105,
7,
10296,
8587,
1566,
19519,
1239,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
1612,
16415,
1884,
12,
7005,
7,
15,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The strength of the Viking influence on Old English appears from the fact that the indispensable elements of the language - pronouns, modals, comparatives, pronominal adverbs (like "hence" and "together"), conjunctions and prepositions - show the most marked Danish influence; the best evidence of Scandinavian influence appears in the extensive word borrowings for, as Jespersen indicates, no texts exist in either Scandinavia or in Northern England from this time to give certain evidence of an influence on syntax. The change to Old English from Old Norse was substantive, pervasive, and of a democratic character. Old Norse and Old English resembled each other closely like cousins and with some words in common, they roughly understood each other; in time the inflections melted away and the analytic pattern emerged. It is most “important to recognize that in many words the English and Scandinavian language differed chiefly in their inflectional elements. The body of the word was so nearly the same in the two languages that only the endings would put obstacles in the way of mutual understanding. In the mixed population which existed in the Danelaw these endings must have led to much confusion, tending gradually to become obscured and finally lost.” This blending of peoples and languages happily resulted in “simplifying English grammar.”",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What language existed prior to Norse? | [
3525,
1566,
1
] |
Old English
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
2793,
13,
8,
19476,
2860,
30,
3525,
1566,
3475,
45,
8,
685,
24,
8,
15225,
2479,
13,
8,
1612,
3,
18,
813,
15358,
29,
7,
6,
3,
20226,
7,
6,
18858,
15,
7,
6,
813,
3114,
10270,
3,
9,
26,
11868,
7,
41,
2376,
96,
107,
1433,
121,
11,
96,
25968,
8512,
6,
13274,
7,
11,
554,
4718,
7,
3,
18,
504,
8,
167,
7027,
23124,
2860,
117,
8,
200,
2084,
13,
27700,
29,
2860,
3475,
16,
8,
3616,
1448,
24564,
7,
21,
6,
38,
1022,
4339,
7,
35,
9379,
6,
150,
14877,
3223,
16,
893,
27700,
42,
16,
5961,
2789,
45,
48,
97,
12,
428,
824,
2084,
13,
46,
2860,
30,
28230,
5,
37,
483,
12,
3525,
1566,
45,
3525,
7005,
7,
15,
47,
31046,
6,
399,
9856,
757,
6,
11,
13,
3,
9,
15053,
1848,
5,
3525,
7005,
7,
15,
11,
3525,
1566,
3,
17083,
26,
284,
119,
4799,
114,
12685,
7,
11,
28,
128,
1234,
16,
1017,
6,
79,
10209,
7571,
284,
119,
117,
16,
97,
8,
16,
89,
12252,
7,
3,
19293,
550,
11,
8,
46,
9,
14991,
3275,
13999,
5,
94,
19,
167,
105,
21206,
12,
4206,
24,
16,
186,
1234,
8,
1566,
11,
27700,
29,
1612,
7641,
15,
26,
5752,
120,
16,
70,
16,
26303,
6318,
2479,
5,
37,
643,
13,
8,
1448,
47,
78,
2111,
8,
337,
16,
8,
192,
8024,
24,
163,
8,
7784,
7,
133,
474,
14637,
16,
8,
194,
13,
8543,
1705,
5,
86,
8,
4838,
2074,
84,
16415,
16,
8,
2744,
15,
4207,
175,
7784,
7,
398,
43,
2237,
12,
231,
12413,
6,
2134,
53,
11556,
12,
582,
21634,
26,
11,
2031,
1513,
1239,
100,
3,
24854,
13,
151,
7,
11,
8024,
16725,
741,
15,
26,
16,
105,
7,
10296,
8587,
1566,
19519,
1239,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
410,
8,
192,
8024,
43,
16,
1017,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The strength of the Viking influence on Old English appears from the fact that the indispensable elements of the language - pronouns, modals, comparatives, pronominal adverbs (like "hence" and "together"), conjunctions and prepositions - show the most marked Danish influence; the best evidence of Scandinavian influence appears in the extensive word borrowings for, as Jespersen indicates, no texts exist in either Scandinavia or in Northern England from this time to give certain evidence of an influence on syntax. The change to Old English from Old Norse was substantive, pervasive, and of a democratic character. Old Norse and Old English resembled each other closely like cousins and with some words in common, they roughly understood each other; in time the inflections melted away and the analytic pattern emerged. It is most “important to recognize that in many words the English and Scandinavian language differed chiefly in their inflectional elements. The body of the word was so nearly the same in the two languages that only the endings would put obstacles in the way of mutual understanding. In the mixed population which existed in the Danelaw these endings must have led to much confusion, tending gradually to become obscured and finally lost.” This blending of peoples and languages happily resulted in “simplifying English grammar.”",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What did the two languages have in common? | [
128,
1234,
1
] |
some words
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
2793,
13,
8,
19476,
2860,
30,
3525,
1566,
3475,
45,
8,
685,
24,
8,
15225,
2479,
13,
8,
1612,
3,
18,
813,
15358,
29,
7,
6,
3,
20226,
7,
6,
18858,
15,
7,
6,
813,
3114,
10270,
3,
9,
26,
11868,
7,
41,
2376,
96,
107,
1433,
121,
11,
96,
25968,
8512,
6,
13274,
7,
11,
554,
4718,
7,
3,
18,
504,
8,
167,
7027,
23124,
2860,
117,
8,
200,
2084,
13,
27700,
29,
2860,
3475,
16,
8,
3616,
1448,
24564,
7,
21,
6,
38,
1022,
4339,
7,
35,
9379,
6,
150,
14877,
3223,
16,
893,
27700,
42,
16,
5961,
2789,
45,
48,
97,
12,
428,
824,
2084,
13,
46,
2860,
30,
28230,
5,
37,
483,
12,
3525,
1566,
45,
3525,
7005,
7,
15,
47,
31046,
6,
399,
9856,
757,
6,
11,
13,
3,
9,
15053,
1848,
5,
3525,
7005,
7,
15,
11,
3525,
1566,
3,
17083,
26,
284,
119,
4799,
114,
12685,
7,
11,
28,
128,
1234,
16,
1017,
6,
79,
10209,
7571,
284,
119,
117,
16,
97,
8,
16,
89,
12252,
7,
3,
19293,
550,
11,
8,
46,
9,
14991,
3275,
13999,
5,
94,
19,
167,
105,
21206,
12,
4206,
24,
16,
186,
1234,
8,
1566,
11,
27700,
29,
1612,
7641,
15,
26,
5752,
120,
16,
70,
16,
26303,
6318,
2479,
5,
37,
643,
13,
8,
1448,
47,
78,
2111,
8,
337,
16,
8,
192,
8024,
24,
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8,
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8,
1499,
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363,
47,
315,
81,
8,
8024,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The strength of the Viking influence on Old English appears from the fact that the indispensable elements of the language - pronouns, modals, comparatives, pronominal adverbs (like "hence" and "together"), conjunctions and prepositions - show the most marked Danish influence; the best evidence of Scandinavian influence appears in the extensive word borrowings for, as Jespersen indicates, no texts exist in either Scandinavia or in Northern England from this time to give certain evidence of an influence on syntax. The change to Old English from Old Norse was substantive, pervasive, and of a democratic character. Old Norse and Old English resembled each other closely like cousins and with some words in common, they roughly understood each other; in time the inflections melted away and the analytic pattern emerged. It is most “important to recognize that in many words the English and Scandinavian language differed chiefly in their inflectional elements. The body of the word was so nearly the same in the two languages that only the endings would put obstacles in the way of mutual understanding. In the mixed population which existed in the Danelaw these endings must have led to much confusion, tending gradually to become obscured and finally lost.” This blending of peoples and languages happily resulted in “simplifying English grammar.”",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What was different about the languages? | [
70,
16,
26303,
6318,
2479,
1
] |
their inflectional elements
|
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1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
1128,
13,
272,
6227,
8976,
1286,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Training in the U.S. Army is generally divided into two categories – individual and collective. Basic training consists of 10 weeks for most recruits followed by Advanced Individualized Training (AIT) where they receive training for their military occupational specialties (MOS). Some individuals MOSs range anywhere from 14–20 weeks of One Station Unit Training (OSUT), which combines Basic Training and AIT. The length of AIT school varies by the MOS The length of time spent in AIT depends on the MOS of the soldier, and some highly technical MOS training may require many months (e.g., foreign language translators). Depending on the needs of the army, Basic Combat Training for combat arms soldiers is conducted at a number of locations, but two of the longest-running are the Armor School and the Infantry School, both at Fort Benning, Georgia.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the location of BCT dependent upon? | [
8,
523,
13,
8,
9102,
1
] |
the needs of the army
|
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8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
2082,
7,
8,
2475,
13,
71,
3177,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Training in the U.S. Army is generally divided into two categories – individual and collective. Basic training consists of 10 weeks for most recruits followed by Advanced Individualized Training (AIT) where they receive training for their military occupational specialties (MOS). Some individuals MOSs range anywhere from 14–20 weeks of One Station Unit Training (OSUT), which combines Basic Training and AIT. The length of AIT school varies by the MOS The length of time spent in AIT depends on the MOS of the soldier, and some highly technical MOS training may require many months (e.g., foreign language translators). Depending on the needs of the army, Basic Combat Training for combat arms soldiers is conducted at a number of locations, but two of the longest-running are the Armor School and the Infantry School, both at Fort Benning, Georgia.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What determines the length of AIT? | [
2716,
25082,
534,
3010,
1
] |
military occupational specialties
|
[
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8,
826,
5454,
96,
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53,
16,
8,
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5,
134,
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19,
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10,
363,
686,
13,
11474,
7,
33,
4252,
44,
8,
5412,
127,
1121,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Training in the U.S. Army is generally divided into two categories – individual and collective. Basic training consists of 10 weeks for most recruits followed by Advanced Individualized Training (AIT) where they receive training for their military occupational specialties (MOS). Some individuals MOSs range anywhere from 14–20 weeks of One Station Unit Training (OSUT), which combines Basic Training and AIT. The length of AIT school varies by the MOS The length of time spent in AIT depends on the MOS of the soldier, and some highly technical MOS training may require many months (e.g., foreign language translators). Depending on the needs of the army, Basic Combat Training for combat arms soldiers is conducted at a number of locations, but two of the longest-running are the Armor School and the Infantry School, both at Fort Benning, Georgia.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What type of recruits are trained at the Armor School? | [
4719,
6026,
10838,
1
] |
combat arms soldiers
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
9402,
77,
53,
16,
8,
412,
5,
134,
5,
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19,
2389,
8807,
139,
192,
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3,
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10,
363,
686,
13,
11474,
7,
33,
4252,
44,
8,
28405,
651,
1121,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Training in the U.S. Army is generally divided into two categories – individual and collective. Basic training consists of 10 weeks for most recruits followed by Advanced Individualized Training (AIT) where they receive training for their military occupational specialties (MOS). Some individuals MOSs range anywhere from 14–20 weeks of One Station Unit Training (OSUT), which combines Basic Training and AIT. The length of AIT school varies by the MOS The length of time spent in AIT depends on the MOS of the soldier, and some highly technical MOS training may require many months (e.g., foreign language translators). Depending on the needs of the army, Basic Combat Training for combat arms soldiers is conducted at a number of locations, but two of the longest-running are the Armor School and the Infantry School, both at Fort Benning, Georgia.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What type of recruits are trained at the Infantry School? | [
4719,
6026,
10838,
1
] |
combat arms soldiers
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
9402,
77,
53,
16,
8,
412,
5,
134,
5,
6788,
19,
2389,
8807,
139,
192,
5897,
3,
104,
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11,
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5,
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3,
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41,
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84,
3,
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5,
37,
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13,
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3,
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134,
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6,
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8,
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5,
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24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
6328,
6675,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Training in the U.S. Army is generally divided into two categories – individual and collective. Basic training consists of 10 weeks for most recruits followed by Advanced Individualized Training (AIT) where they receive training for their military occupational specialties (MOS). Some individuals MOSs range anywhere from 14–20 weeks of One Station Unit Training (OSUT), which combines Basic Training and AIT. The length of AIT school varies by the MOS The length of time spent in AIT depends on the MOS of the soldier, and some highly technical MOS training may require many months (e.g., foreign language translators). Depending on the needs of the army, Basic Combat Training for combat arms soldiers is conducted at a number of locations, but two of the longest-running are the Armor School and the Infantry School, both at Fort Benning, Georgia.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is OSUT? | [
3,
15256,
11909,
4017,
11,
71,
3177,
1
] |
combines Basic Training and AIT
|
[
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8,
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96,
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8,
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7,
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16,
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13,
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1395,
6,
149,
186,
13,
8,
9806,
2593,
130,
4486,
140,
8694,
1601,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"During the 1960s the Department of Defense continued to scrutinize the reserve forces and to question the number of divisions and brigades as well as the redundancy of maintaining two reserve components, the Army National Guard and the Army Reserve. In 1967 Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara decided that 15 combat divisions in the Army National Guard were unnecessary and cut the number to 8 divisions (1 mechanized infantry, 2 armored, and 5 infantry), but increased the number of brigades from 7 to 18 (1 airborne, 1 armored, 2 mechanized infantry, and 14 infantry). The loss of the divisions did not set well with the states. Their objections included the inadequate maneuver element mix for those that remained and the end to the practice of rotating divisional commands among the states that supported them. Under the proposal, the remaining division commanders were to reside in the state of the division base. No reduction, however, in total Army National Guard strength was to take place, which convinced the governors to accept the plan. The states reorganized their forces accordingly between 1 December 1967 and 1 May 1968.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: After the increase in number of brigades, how many of the infantries were NOT mechanized? | [
968,
1
] |
14
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
2092,
8,
8754,
7,
8,
1775,
13,
13143,
2925,
12,
28692,
1737,
8,
7866,
3859,
11,
12,
822,
8,
381,
13,
4889,
7,
11,
6397,
12581,
1395,
38,
168,
38,
8,
1131,
1106,
6833,
13,
6011,
192,
7866,
3379,
6,
8,
6788,
868,
12899,
11,
8,
6788,
9473,
5,
86,
18148,
7471,
13,
13143,
2715,
26842,
9,
1635,
9,
1500,
24,
627,
4719,
4889,
7,
16,
8,
6788,
868,
12899,
130,
12592,
11,
1340,
8,
381,
12,
505,
4889,
7,
4077,
140,
8694,
1601,
9806,
651,
6,
204,
18750,
15,
26,
6,
11,
305,
9806,
651,
201,
68,
1936,
8,
381,
13,
6397,
12581,
1395,
45,
489,
12,
507,
4077,
799,
12940,
6,
209,
18750,
15,
26,
6,
204,
140,
8694,
1601,
9806,
651,
6,
11,
968,
9806,
651,
137,
37,
1453,
13,
8,
4889,
7,
410,
59,
356,
168,
28,
8,
2315,
5,
2940,
20832,
7,
1285,
8,
22666,
23264,
3282,
2153,
21,
273,
24,
3,
7361,
11,
8,
414,
12,
8,
1032,
13,
22107,
4889,
138,
16565,
859,
8,
2315,
24,
3510,
135,
5,
3526,
8,
6384,
6,
8,
4080,
4889,
17604,
7,
130,
12,
14989,
16,
8,
538,
13,
8,
4889,
1247,
5,
465,
4709,
6,
983,
6,
16,
792,
6788,
868,
12899,
2793,
47,
12,
240,
286,
6,
84,
12718,
8,
13062,
7,
12,
1845,
8,
515,
5,
37,
2315,
3,
60,
28006,
70,
3859,
14031,
344,
209,
1882,
18148,
11,
209,
932,
16506,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
3103,
8,
993,
16,
381,
13,
4889,
7,
6,
149,
186,
13,
8,
9806,
2593,
130,
4486,
140,
8694,
1601,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"During the 1960s the Department of Defense continued to scrutinize the reserve forces and to question the number of divisions and brigades as well as the redundancy of maintaining two reserve components, the Army National Guard and the Army Reserve. In 1967 Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara decided that 15 combat divisions in the Army National Guard were unnecessary and cut the number to 8 divisions (1 mechanized infantry, 2 armored, and 5 infantry), but increased the number of brigades from 7 to 18 (1 airborne, 1 armored, 2 mechanized infantry, and 14 infantry). The loss of the divisions did not set well with the states. Their objections included the inadequate maneuver element mix for those that remained and the end to the practice of rotating divisional commands among the states that supported them. Under the proposal, the remaining division commanders were to reside in the state of the division base. No reduction, however, in total Army National Guard strength was to take place, which convinced the governors to accept the plan. The states reorganized their forces accordingly between 1 December 1967 and 1 May 1968.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Before the increase in number of divisions, how many of the infantries were NOT mechanized? | [
305,
1
] |
5
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
2092,
8,
8754,
7,
8,
1775,
13,
13143,
2925,
12,
28692,
1737,
8,
7866,
3859,
11,
12,
822,
8,
381,
13,
4889,
7,
11,
6397,
12581,
1395,
38,
168,
38,
8,
1131,
1106,
6833,
13,
6011,
192,
7866,
3379,
6,
8,
6788,
868,
12899,
11,
8,
6788,
9473,
5,
86,
18148,
7471,
13,
13143,
2715,
26842,
9,
1635,
9,
1500,
24,
627,
4719,
4889,
7,
16,
8,
6788,
868,
12899,
130,
12592,
11,
1340,
8,
381,
12,
505,
4889,
7,
4077,
140,
8694,
1601,
9806,
651,
6,
204,
18750,
15,
26,
6,
11,
305,
9806,
651,
201,
68,
1936,
8,
381,
13,
6397,
12581,
1395,
45,
489,
12,
507,
4077,
799,
12940,
6,
209,
18750,
15,
26,
6,
204,
140,
8694,
1601,
9806,
651,
6,
11,
968,
9806,
651,
137,
37,
1453,
13,
8,
4889,
7,
410,
59,
356,
168,
28,
8,
2315,
5,
2940,
20832,
7,
1285,
8,
22666,
23264,
3282,
2153,
21,
273,
24,
3,
7361,
11,
8,
414,
12,
8,
1032,
13,
22107,
4889,
138,
16565,
859,
8,
2315,
24,
3510,
135,
5,
3526,
8,
6384,
6,
8,
4080,
4889,
17604,
7,
130,
12,
14989,
16,
8,
538,
13,
8,
4889,
1247,
5,
465,
4709,
6,
983,
6,
16,
792,
6788,
868,
12899,
2793,
47,
12,
240,
286,
6,
84,
12718,
8,
13062,
7,
12,
1845,
8,
515,
5,
37,
2315,
3,
60,
28006,
70,
3859,
14031,
344,
209,
1882,
18148,
11,
209,
932,
16506,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
186,
4889,
7,
130,
132,
274,
8,
1340,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"During the 1960s the Department of Defense continued to scrutinize the reserve forces and to question the number of divisions and brigades as well as the redundancy of maintaining two reserve components, the Army National Guard and the Army Reserve. In 1967 Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara decided that 15 combat divisions in the Army National Guard were unnecessary and cut the number to 8 divisions (1 mechanized infantry, 2 armored, and 5 infantry), but increased the number of brigades from 7 to 18 (1 airborne, 1 armored, 2 mechanized infantry, and 14 infantry). The loss of the divisions did not set well with the states. Their objections included the inadequate maneuver element mix for those that remained and the end to the practice of rotating divisional commands among the states that supported them. Under the proposal, the remaining division commanders were to reside in the state of the division base. No reduction, however, in total Army National Guard strength was to take place, which convinced the governors to accept the plan. The states reorganized their forces accordingly between 1 December 1967 and 1 May 1968.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How many divisions were there before the cut? | [
627,
1
] |
15
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
131,
18,
2264,
867,
179,
1750,
41,
354,
727,
61,
41,
532,
12709,
44,
84,
3,
9,
483,
19,
14057,
61,
5619,
30,
8,
5739,
31,
7,
7321,
738,
5,
7255,
2899,
3,
16223,
6,
8,
3,
354,
727,
19,
81,
220,
3,
16223,
21,
12816,
9866,
6,
11,
209,
3,
16223,
21,
1561,
12,
1496,
117,
756,
5580,
3,
16223,
6,
8,
3,
354,
727,
21,
12816,
9866,
19,
81,
4097,
6370,
41,
7932,
335,
3151,
7,
137,
37,
3,
354,
727,
19,
3115,
5285,
57,
1556,
192,
12,
1496,
16,
1704,
22289,
28,
8,
3011,
49,
1380,
3,
99,
132,
47,
3,
9,
1750,
16,
70,
26484,
5,
37,
3,
354,
727,
2992,
2755,
3,
99,
8,
192,
12,
1496,
33,
1944,
11609,
38,
8,
3011,
49,
19,
258,
3,
179,
12,
22997,
3853,
23446,
5,
37,
792,
381,
13,
399,
6873,
2317,
6242,
2245,
16,
8,
620,
13,
936,
3507,
19,
81,
1914,
5548,
117,
8,
792,
381,
13,
3358,
16,
8,
4081,
18,
31248,
2643,
6,
45,
898,
12,
209,
14835,
3,
16223,
6,
19,
5864,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
186,
12,
1496,
33,
831,
12,
2082,
3,
99,
483,
19,
399,
6267,
162,
26
] |
Given the following passage
"The just-noticeable difference (jnd) (the threshold at which a change is perceived) depends on the tone's frequency content. Below 500 Hz, the jnd is about 3 Hz for sine waves, and 1 Hz for complex tones; above 1000 Hz, the jnd for sine waves is about 0.6% (about 10 cents). The jnd is typically tested by playing two tones in quick succession with the listener asked if there was a difference in their pitches. The jnd becomes smaller if the two tones are played simultaneously as the listener is then able to discern beat frequencies. The total number of perceptible pitch steps in the range of human hearing is about 1,400; the total number of notes in the equal-tempered scale, from 16 to 16,000 Hz, is 120.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How many tones are required to determine if change is percieved | [
192,
1
] |
two
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
131,
18,
2264,
867,
179,
1750,
41,
354,
727,
61,
41,
532,
12709,
44,
84,
3,
9,
483,
19,
14057,
61,
5619,
30,
8,
5739,
31,
7,
7321,
738,
5,
7255,
2899,
3,
16223,
6,
8,
3,
354,
727,
19,
81,
220,
3,
16223,
21,
12816,
9866,
6,
11,
209,
3,
16223,
21,
1561,
12,
1496,
117,
756,
5580,
3,
16223,
6,
8,
3,
354,
727,
21,
12816,
9866,
19,
81,
4097,
6370,
41,
7932,
335,
3151,
7,
137,
37,
3,
354,
727,
19,
3115,
5285,
57,
1556,
192,
12,
1496,
16,
1704,
22289,
28,
8,
3011,
49,
1380,
3,
99,
132,
47,
3,
9,
1750,
16,
70,
26484,
5,
37,
3,
354,
727,
2992,
2755,
3,
99,
8,
192,
12,
1496,
33,
1944,
11609,
38,
8,
3011,
49,
19,
258,
3,
179,
12,
22997,
3853,
23446,
5,
37,
792,
381,
13,
399,
6873,
2317,
6242,
2245,
16,
8,
620,
13,
936,
3507,
19,
81,
1914,
5548,
117,
8,
792,
381,
13,
3358,
16,
8,
4081,
18,
31248,
2643,
6,
45,
898,
12,
209,
14835,
3,
16223,
6,
19,
5864,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2645,
2082,
7,
3,
99,
3,
9,
483,
16,
6242,
8085,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The just-noticeable difference (jnd) (the threshold at which a change is perceived) depends on the tone's frequency content. Below 500 Hz, the jnd is about 3 Hz for sine waves, and 1 Hz for complex tones; above 1000 Hz, the jnd for sine waves is about 0.6% (about 10 cents). The jnd is typically tested by playing two tones in quick succession with the listener asked if there was a difference in their pitches. The jnd becomes smaller if the two tones are played simultaneously as the listener is then able to discern beat frequencies. The total number of perceptible pitch steps in the range of human hearing is about 1,400; the total number of notes in the equal-tempered scale, from 16 to 16,000 Hz, is 120.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Who determines if a change in pitch exists? | [
8,
3011,
49,
1
] |
the listener
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
131,
18,
2264,
867,
179,
1750,
41,
354,
727,
61,
41,
532,
12709,
44,
84,
3,
9,
483,
19,
14057,
61,
5619,
30,
8,
5739,
31,
7,
7321,
738,
5,
7255,
2899,
3,
16223,
6,
8,
3,
354,
727,
19,
81,
220,
3,
16223,
21,
12816,
9866,
6,
11,
209,
3,
16223,
21,
1561,
12,
1496,
117,
756,
5580,
3,
16223,
6,
8,
3,
354,
727,
21,
12816,
9866,
19,
81,
4097,
6370,
41,
7932,
335,
3151,
7,
137,
37,
3,
354,
727,
19,
3115,
5285,
57,
1556,
192,
12,
1496,
16,
1704,
22289,
28,
8,
3011,
49,
1380,
3,
99,
132,
47,
3,
9,
1750,
16,
70,
26484,
5,
37,
3,
354,
727,
2992,
2755,
3,
99,
8,
192,
12,
1496,
33,
1944,
11609,
38,
8,
3011,
49,
19,
258,
3,
179,
12,
22997,
3853,
23446,
5,
37,
792,
381,
13,
399,
6873,
2317,
6242,
2245,
16,
8,
620,
13,
936,
3507,
19,
81,
1914,
5548,
117,
8,
792,
381,
13,
3358,
16,
8,
4081,
18,
31248,
2643,
6,
45,
898,
12,
209,
14835,
3,
16223,
6,
19,
5864,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
54,
25,
1428,
8,
3,
354,
727,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The just-noticeable difference (jnd) (the threshold at which a change is perceived) depends on the tone's frequency content. Below 500 Hz, the jnd is about 3 Hz for sine waves, and 1 Hz for complex tones; above 1000 Hz, the jnd for sine waves is about 0.6% (about 10 cents). The jnd is typically tested by playing two tones in quick succession with the listener asked if there was a difference in their pitches. The jnd becomes smaller if the two tones are played simultaneously as the listener is then able to discern beat frequencies. The total number of perceptible pitch steps in the range of human hearing is about 1,400; the total number of notes in the equal-tempered scale, from 16 to 16,000 Hz, is 120.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How can you reduce the jnd? | [
192,
12,
1496,
33,
1944,
11609,
1
] |
two tones are played simultaneously
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
131,
18,
2264,
867,
179,
1750,
41,
354,
727,
61,
41,
532,
12709,
44,
84,
3,
9,
483,
19,
14057,
61,
5619,
30,
8,
5739,
31,
7,
7321,
738,
5,
7255,
2899,
3,
16223,
6,
8,
3,
354,
727,
19,
81,
220,
3,
16223,
21,
12816,
9866,
6,
11,
209,
3,
16223,
21,
1561,
12,
1496,
117,
756,
5580,
3,
16223,
6,
8,
3,
354,
727,
21,
12816,
9866,
19,
81,
4097,
6370,
41,
7932,
335,
3151,
7,
137,
37,
3,
354,
727,
19,
3115,
5285,
57,
1556,
192,
12,
1496,
16,
1704,
22289,
28,
8,
3011,
49,
1380,
3,
99,
132,
47,
3,
9,
1750,
16,
70,
26484,
5,
37,
3,
354,
727,
2992,
2755,
3,
99,
8,
192,
12,
1496,
33,
1944,
11609,
38,
8,
3011,
49,
19,
258,
3,
179,
12,
22997,
3853,
23446,
5,
37,
792,
381,
13,
399,
6873,
2317,
6242,
2245,
16,
8,
620,
13,
936,
3507,
19,
81,
1914,
5548,
117,
8,
792,
381,
13,
3358,
16,
8,
4081,
18,
31248,
2643,
6,
45,
898,
12,
209,
14835,
3,
16223,
6,
19,
5864,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
33,
8,
2245,
718,
16,
46,
4081,
18,
31248,
2643
] |
Given the following passage
"The just-noticeable difference (jnd) (the threshold at which a change is perceived) depends on the tone's frequency content. Below 500 Hz, the jnd is about 3 Hz for sine waves, and 1 Hz for complex tones; above 1000 Hz, the jnd for sine waves is about 0.6% (about 10 cents). The jnd is typically tested by playing two tones in quick succession with the listener asked if there was a difference in their pitches. The jnd becomes smaller if the two tones are played simultaneously as the listener is then able to discern beat frequencies. The total number of perceptible pitch steps in the range of human hearing is about 1,400; the total number of notes in the equal-tempered scale, from 16 to 16,000 Hz, is 120.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What are the steps called in an equal-tempered scale | [
3358,
1
] |
notes
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
131,
18,
2264,
867,
179,
1750,
41,
354,
727,
61,
41,
532,
12709,
44,
84,
3,
9,
483,
19,
14057,
61,
5619,
30,
8,
5739,
31,
7,
7321,
738,
5,
7255,
2899,
3,
16223,
6,
8,
3,
354,
727,
19,
81,
220,
3,
16223,
21,
12816,
9866,
6,
11,
209,
3,
16223,
21,
1561,
12,
1496,
117,
756,
5580,
3,
16223,
6,
8,
3,
354,
727,
21,
12816,
9866,
19,
81,
4097,
6370,
41,
7932,
335,
3151,
7,
137,
37,
3,
354,
727,
19,
3115,
5285,
57,
1556,
192,
12,
1496,
16,
1704,
22289,
28,
8,
3011,
49,
1380,
3,
99,
132,
47,
3,
9,
1750,
16,
70,
26484,
5,
37,
3,
354,
727,
2992,
2755,
3,
99,
8,
192,
12,
1496,
33,
1944,
11609,
38,
8,
3011,
49,
19,
258,
3,
179,
12,
22997,
3853,
23446,
5,
37,
792,
381,
13,
399,
6873,
2317,
6242,
2245,
16,
8,
620,
13,
936,
3507,
19,
81,
1914,
5548,
117,
8,
792,
381,
13,
3358,
16,
8,
4081,
18,
31248,
2643,
6,
45,
898,
12,
209,
14835,
3,
16223,
6,
19,
5864,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
37,
3011,
49,
54,
22997,
1112,
16,
125,
294,
13,
3,
9,
5739
] |
Given the following passage
"The just-noticeable difference (jnd) (the threshold at which a change is perceived) depends on the tone's frequency content. Below 500 Hz, the jnd is about 3 Hz for sine waves, and 1 Hz for complex tones; above 1000 Hz, the jnd for sine waves is about 0.6% (about 10 cents). The jnd is typically tested by playing two tones in quick succession with the listener asked if there was a difference in their pitches. The jnd becomes smaller if the two tones are played simultaneously as the listener is then able to discern beat frequencies. The total number of perceptible pitch steps in the range of human hearing is about 1,400; the total number of notes in the equal-tempered scale, from 16 to 16,000 Hz, is 120.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: The listener can discern changes in what part of a tone | [
26484,
1
] |
pitches
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
196,
17,
19,
341,
487,
21,
192,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
12,
3133,
36,
1146,
42,
1364,
145,
80,
430,
5,
242,
3421,
6,
3,
9,
3,
7,
29,
355,
5253,
2993,
1146,
26372,
145,
3,
9,
7981,
5253,
713,
321,
43,
16,
14339,
6242,
6,
250,
165,
1345,
2579,
1146,
23446,
5,
86,
119,
1234,
6,
34,
19,
487,
11,
557,
514,
12,
10209,
22997,
8,
5237,
26484,
13,
192,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
6,
68,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
103,
59,
10275,
120,
10423,
12,
136,
806,
6242,
5,
71,
534,
686,
13,
6242,
557,
6986,
16,
339,
1405,
116,
1345,
3,
12763,
8,
3,
2741,
13,
46,
7743,
52,
1461,
45,
8,
1391,
6,
11,
92,
227,
19124,
326,
3,
9,
1345,
18,
60,
26303,
53,
1774,
5,
100,
15037,
19,
718,
27351,
6242,
6,
250,
8,
811,
13,
3,
9,
1176,
27351,
13,
8,
926,
1345,
12,
1402,
19,
8,
1857,
26840,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
405,
6242,
1848,
1737,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"It is still possible for two sounds of indefinite pitch to clearly be higher or lower than one another. For instance, a snare drum sounds higher pitched than a bass drum though both have indefinite pitch, because its sound contains higher frequencies. In other words, it is possible and often easy to roughly discern the relative pitches of two sounds of indefinite pitch, but sounds of indefinite pitch do not neatly correspond to any specific pitch. A special type of pitch often occurs in free nature when sound reaches the ear of an observer directly from the source, and also after reflecting off a sound-reflecting surface. This phenomenon is called repetition pitch, because the addition of a true repetition of the original sound to itself is the basic prerequisite.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What does pitch characterize? | [
2993,
1
] |
sounds
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
196,
17,
19,
341,
487,
21,
192,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
12,
3133,
36,
1146,
42,
1364,
145,
80,
430,
5,
242,
3421,
6,
3,
9,
3,
7,
29,
355,
5253,
2993,
1146,
26372,
145,
3,
9,
7981,
5253,
713,
321,
43,
16,
14339,
6242,
6,
250,
165,
1345,
2579,
1146,
23446,
5,
86,
119,
1234,
6,
34,
19,
487,
11,
557,
514,
12,
10209,
22997,
8,
5237,
26484,
13,
192,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
6,
68,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
103,
59,
10275,
120,
10423,
12,
136,
806,
6242,
5,
71,
534,
686,
13,
6242,
557,
6986,
16,
339,
1405,
116,
1345,
3,
12763,
8,
3,
2741,
13,
46,
7743,
52,
1461,
45,
8,
1391,
6,
11,
92,
227,
19124,
326,
3,
9,
1345,
18,
60,
26303,
53,
1774,
5,
100,
15037,
19,
718,
27351,
6242,
6,
250,
8,
811,
13,
3,
9,
1176,
27351,
13,
8,
926,
1345,
12,
1402,
19,
8,
1857,
26840,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
3,
9,
16115,
13,
6242,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"It is still possible for two sounds of indefinite pitch to clearly be higher or lower than one another. For instance, a snare drum sounds higher pitched than a bass drum though both have indefinite pitch, because its sound contains higher frequencies. In other words, it is possible and often easy to roughly discern the relative pitches of two sounds of indefinite pitch, but sounds of indefinite pitch do not neatly correspond to any specific pitch. A special type of pitch often occurs in free nature when sound reaches the ear of an observer directly from the source, and also after reflecting off a sound-reflecting surface. This phenomenon is called repetition pitch, because the addition of a true repetition of the original sound to itself is the basic prerequisite.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is a characteristic of pitch? | [
23446,
1
] |
frequencies
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
196,
17,
19,
341,
487,
21,
192,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
12,
3133,
36,
1146,
42,
1364,
145,
80,
430,
5,
242,
3421,
6,
3,
9,
3,
7,
29,
355,
5253,
2993,
1146,
26372,
145,
3,
9,
7981,
5253,
713,
321,
43,
16,
14339,
6242,
6,
250,
165,
1345,
2579,
1146,
23446,
5,
86,
119,
1234,
6,
34,
19,
487,
11,
557,
514,
12,
10209,
22997,
8,
5237,
26484,
13,
192,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
6,
68,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
103,
59,
10275,
120,
10423,
12,
136,
806,
6242,
5,
71,
534,
686,
13,
6242,
557,
6986,
16,
339,
1405,
116,
1345,
3,
12763,
8,
3,
2741,
13,
46,
7743,
52,
1461,
45,
8,
1391,
6,
11,
92,
227,
19124,
326,
3,
9,
1345,
18,
60,
26303,
53,
1774,
5,
100,
15037,
19,
718,
27351,
6242,
6,
250,
8,
811,
13,
3,
9,
1176,
27351,
13,
8,
926,
1345,
12,
1402,
19,
8,
1857,
26840,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
2404,
12,
43,
27351,
6242,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"It is still possible for two sounds of indefinite pitch to clearly be higher or lower than one another. For instance, a snare drum sounds higher pitched than a bass drum though both have indefinite pitch, because its sound contains higher frequencies. In other words, it is possible and often easy to roughly discern the relative pitches of two sounds of indefinite pitch, but sounds of indefinite pitch do not neatly correspond to any specific pitch. A special type of pitch often occurs in free nature when sound reaches the ear of an observer directly from the source, and also after reflecting off a sound-reflecting surface. This phenomenon is called repetition pitch, because the addition of a true repetition of the original sound to itself is the basic prerequisite.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is critical to have repetition pitch? | [
1345,
18,
60,
26303,
53,
1774,
1
] |
sound-reflecting surface
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
196,
17,
19,
341,
487,
21,
192,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
12,
3133,
36,
1146,
42,
1364,
145,
80,
430,
5,
242,
3421,
6,
3,
9,
3,
7,
29,
355,
5253,
2993,
1146,
26372,
145,
3,
9,
7981,
5253,
713,
321,
43,
16,
14339,
6242,
6,
250,
165,
1345,
2579,
1146,
23446,
5,
86,
119,
1234,
6,
34,
19,
487,
11,
557,
514,
12,
10209,
22997,
8,
5237,
26484,
13,
192,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
6,
68,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
103,
59,
10275,
120,
10423,
12,
136,
806,
6242,
5,
71,
534,
686,
13,
6242,
557,
6986,
16,
339,
1405,
116,
1345,
3,
12763,
8,
3,
2741,
13,
46,
7743,
52,
1461,
45,
8,
1391,
6,
11,
92,
227,
19124,
326,
3,
9,
1345,
18,
60,
26303,
53,
1774,
5,
100,
15037,
19,
718,
27351,
6242,
6,
250,
8,
811,
13,
3,
9,
1176,
27351,
13,
8,
926,
1345,
12,
1402,
19,
8,
1857,
26840,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
405,
7981,
5253,
405,
59,
1345,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"It is still possible for two sounds of indefinite pitch to clearly be higher or lower than one another. For instance, a snare drum sounds higher pitched than a bass drum though both have indefinite pitch, because its sound contains higher frequencies. In other words, it is possible and often easy to roughly discern the relative pitches of two sounds of indefinite pitch, but sounds of indefinite pitch do not neatly correspond to any specific pitch. A special type of pitch often occurs in free nature when sound reaches the ear of an observer directly from the source, and also after reflecting off a sound-reflecting surface. This phenomenon is called repetition pitch, because the addition of a true repetition of the original sound to itself is the basic prerequisite.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How does bass drum does not sound? | [
1146,
26372,
1
] |
higher pitched
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
196,
17,
19,
341,
487,
21,
192,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
12,
3133,
36,
1146,
42,
1364,
145,
80,
430,
5,
242,
3421,
6,
3,
9,
3,
7,
29,
355,
5253,
2993,
1146,
26372,
145,
3,
9,
7981,
5253,
713,
321,
43,
16,
14339,
6242,
6,
250,
165,
1345,
2579,
1146,
23446,
5,
86,
119,
1234,
6,
34,
19,
487,
11,
557,
514,
12,
10209,
22997,
8,
5237,
26484,
13,
192,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
6,
68,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
103,
59,
10275,
120,
10423,
12,
136,
806,
6242,
5,
71,
534,
686,
13,
6242,
557,
6986,
16,
339,
1405,
116,
1345,
3,
12763,
8,
3,
2741,
13,
46,
7743,
52,
1461,
45,
8,
1391,
6,
11,
92,
227,
19124,
326,
3,
9,
1345,
18,
60,
26303,
53,
1774,
5,
100,
15037,
19,
718,
27351,
6242,
6,
250,
8,
811,
13,
3,
9,
1176,
27351,
13,
8,
926,
1345,
12,
1402,
19,
8,
1857,
26840,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
54,
25,
4206,
8,
5237,
6242,
13,
192,
2993,
13,
16,
14339,
6242,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"It is still possible for two sounds of indefinite pitch to clearly be higher or lower than one another. For instance, a snare drum sounds higher pitched than a bass drum though both have indefinite pitch, because its sound contains higher frequencies. In other words, it is possible and often easy to roughly discern the relative pitches of two sounds of indefinite pitch, but sounds of indefinite pitch do not neatly correspond to any specific pitch. A special type of pitch often occurs in free nature when sound reaches the ear of an observer directly from the source, and also after reflecting off a sound-reflecting surface. This phenomenon is called repetition pitch, because the addition of a true repetition of the original sound to itself is the basic prerequisite.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How can you recognize the relative pitch of two sounds of indefinite pitch? | [
514,
1
] |
easy
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
1345,
6126,
30,
136,
5009,
9560,
186,
12632,
13,
14570,
24,
4093,
11609,
5,
71,
3011,
49,
1616,
7,
2724,
23446,
44,
728,
5,
37,
14570,
28,
8,
7402,
7321,
19,
718,
8,
4431,
7321,
117,
8,
119,
23446,
33,
147,
6948,
7,
5,
22113,
447,
7,
33,
46,
359,
853,
13,
147,
6948,
7,
28,
23446,
24,
33,
30278,
1317,
7,
13,
8,
4431,
5,
3,
2374,
42,
59,
8,
1146,
23446,
33,
30278,
1317,
7,
6,
79,
33,
6018,
120,
718,
8,
11807,
7,
6,
3,
13215,
12,
8,
315,
1467,
24,
143,
95,
8,
792,
10113,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
71,
7321,
13,
3,
23714,
133,
36,
46,
677,
13,
125,
6,
16,
4689,
12,
8,
7321,
13,
2775,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"A sound generated on any instrument produces many modes of vibration that occur simultaneously. A listener hears numerous frequencies at once. The vibration with the lowest frequency is called the fundamental frequency; the other frequencies are overtones. Harmonics are an important class of overtones with frequencies that are integer multiples of the fundamental. Whether or not the higher frequencies are integer multiples, they are collectively called the partials, referring to the different parts that make up the total spectrum.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: A frequency of 640 would be an example of what, in relation to the frequency of 80? | [
22113,
447,
7,
1
] |
Harmonics
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
1345,
6126,
30,
136,
5009,
9560,
186,
12632,
13,
14570,
24,
4093,
11609,
5,
71,
3011,
49,
1616,
7,
2724,
23446,
44,
728,
5,
37,
14570,
28,
8,
7402,
7321,
19,
718,
8,
4431,
7321,
117,
8,
119,
23446,
33,
147,
6948,
7,
5,
22113,
447,
7,
33,
46,
359,
853,
13,
147,
6948,
7,
28,
23446,
24,
33,
30278,
1317,
7,
13,
8,
4431,
5,
3,
2374,
42,
59,
8,
1146,
23446,
33,
30278,
1317,
7,
6,
79,
33,
6018,
120,
718,
8,
11807,
7,
6,
3,
13215,
12,
8,
315,
1467,
24,
143,
95,
8,
792,
10113,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
432,
8,
147,
6948,
23446,
13,
3,
9,
1090,
1364,
7321,
33,
801,
38,
125,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"A sound generated on any instrument produces many modes of vibration that occur simultaneously. A listener hears numerous frequencies at once. The vibration with the lowest frequency is called the fundamental frequency; the other frequencies are overtones. Harmonics are an important class of overtones with frequencies that are integer multiples of the fundamental. Whether or not the higher frequencies are integer multiples, they are collectively called the partials, referring to the different parts that make up the total spectrum.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: All the overtone frequencies of a particular lower frequency are known as what? | [
8,
11807,
7,
1
] |
the partials
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
1345,
6126,
30,
136,
5009,
9560,
186,
12632,
13,
14570,
24,
4093,
11609,
5,
71,
3011,
49,
1616,
7,
2724,
23446,
44,
728,
5,
37,
14570,
28,
8,
7402,
7321,
19,
718,
8,
4431,
7321,
117,
8,
119,
23446,
33,
147,
6948,
7,
5,
22113,
447,
7,
33,
46,
359,
853,
13,
147,
6948,
7,
28,
23446,
24,
33,
30278,
1317,
7,
13,
8,
4431,
5,
3,
2374,
42,
59,
8,
1146,
23446,
33,
30278,
1317,
7,
6,
79,
33,
6018,
120,
718,
8,
11807,
7,
6,
3,
13215,
12,
8,
315,
1467,
24,
143,
95,
8,
792,
10113,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2775,
11,
11321,
33,
29610,
7,
13,
1283,
6,
84,
133,
36,
718,
125,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"A sound generated on any instrument produces many modes of vibration that occur simultaneously. A listener hears numerous frequencies at once. The vibration with the lowest frequency is called the fundamental frequency; the other frequencies are overtones. Harmonics are an important class of overtones with frequencies that are integer multiples of the fundamental. Whether or not the higher frequencies are integer multiples, they are collectively called the partials, referring to the different parts that make up the total spectrum.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: 80 and 160 are harmonics of 40, which would be called what? | [
8,
4431,
7321,
1
] |
the fundamental frequency
|
[
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8,
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29,
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2968,
41,
77,
155,
23,
1427,
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2968,
6,
84,
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8,
3,
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76,
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713,
34,
19,
59,
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12,
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535,
6,
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8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
65,
3,
6489,
26047,
29,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Estonian has been influenced by Swedish, German (initially Middle Low German, which was the lingua franca of the Hanseatic League and spoken natively in the territories of what is today known as Estonia by a sizeable burgher community of Baltic Germans, later Estonian was also influenced by standard German), and Russian, though it is not related to them genetically.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What has shaped Estonian? | [
16531,
6,
2968,
41,
77,
155,
23,
1427,
4551,
5586,
2968,
6,
84,
47,
8,
3,
697,
76,
9,
3,
6296,
658,
13,
8,
10001,
15,
6049,
3815,
11,
11518,
4262,
120,
16,
8,
23995,
13,
125,
19,
469,
801,
38,
26047,
57,
3,
9,
812,
179,
3,
4824,
760,
573,
13,
29623,
2968,
7,
6,
865,
26047,
29,
47,
92,
3,
12913,
57,
1068,
2968,
201,
11,
4263,
1
] |
Swedish, German (initially Middle Low German, which was the lingua franca of the Hanseatic League and spoken natively in the territories of what is today known as Estonia by a sizeable burgher community of Baltic Germans, later Estonian was also influenced by standard German), and Russian
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
14997,
8008,
29,
65,
118,
3,
12913,
57,
16531,
6,
2968,
41,
77,
155,
23,
1427,
4551,
5586,
2968,
6,
84,
47,
8,
3,
697,
76,
9,
3,
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3,
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2968,
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11,
4263,
6,
713,
34,
19,
59,
1341,
12,
135,
6472,
1427,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
33,
8,
5897,
13,
8024,
24,
3,
6489,
26047,
29,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Estonian has been influenced by Swedish, German (initially Middle Low German, which was the lingua franca of the Hanseatic League and spoken natively in the territories of what is today known as Estonia by a sizeable burgher community of Baltic Germans, later Estonian was also influenced by standard German), and Russian, though it is not related to them genetically.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What are the categories of languages that shaped Estonian? | [
16531,
6,
2968,
41,
77,
155,
23,
1427,
4551,
5586,
2968,
6,
84,
47,
8,
3,
697,
76,
9,
3,
6296,
658,
13,
8,
10001,
15,
6049,
3815,
11,
11518,
4262,
120,
16,
8,
23995,
13,
125,
19,
469,
801,
38,
26047,
57,
3,
9,
812,
179,
3,
4824,
760,
573,
13,
29623,
2968,
7,
6,
865,
26047,
29,
47,
92,
3,
12913,
57,
1068,
2968,
201,
11,
4263,
1
] |
Swedish, German (initially Middle Low German, which was the lingua franca of the Hanseatic League and spoken natively in the territories of what is today known as Estonia by a sizeable burgher community of Baltic Germans, later Estonian was also influenced by standard German), and Russian
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
14997,
8008,
29,
65,
118,
3,
12913,
57,
16531,
6,
2968,
41,
77,
155,
23,
1427,
4551,
5586,
2968,
6,
84,
47,
8,
3,
697,
76,
9,
3,
6296,
658,
13,
8,
10001,
15,
6049,
3815,
11,
11518,
4262,
120,
16,
8,
23995,
13,
125,
19,
469,
801,
38,
26047,
57,
3,
9,
812,
179,
3,
4824,
760,
573,
13,
29623,
2968,
7,
6,
865,
26047,
29,
47,
92,
3,
12913,
57,
1068,
2968,
201,
11,
4263,
6,
713,
34,
19,
59,
1341,
12,
135,
6472,
1427,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
11518,
8024,
43,
3,
18229,
26047,
29,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Estonian has been influenced by Swedish, German (initially Middle Low German, which was the lingua franca of the Hanseatic League and spoken natively in the territories of what is today known as Estonia by a sizeable burgher community of Baltic Germans, later Estonian was also influenced by standard German), and Russian, though it is not related to them genetically.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What spoken languages have impacted Estonian? | [
16531,
6,
2968,
41,
77,
155,
23,
1427,
4551,
5586,
2968,
6,
84,
47,
8,
3,
697,
76,
9,
3,
6296,
658,
13,
8,
10001,
15,
6049,
3815,
11,
11518,
4262,
120,
16,
8,
23995,
13,
125,
19,
469,
801,
38,
26047,
57,
3,
9,
812,
179,
3,
4824,
760,
573,
13,
29623,
2968,
7,
6,
865,
26047,
29,
47,
92,
3,
12913,
57,
1068,
2968,
201,
11,
4263,
1
] |
Swedish, German (initially Middle Low German, which was the lingua franca of the Hanseatic League and spoken natively in the territories of what is today known as Estonia by a sizeable burgher community of Baltic Germans, later Estonian was also influenced by standard German), and Russian
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
23901,
8,
26047,
29,
1602,
13,
23381,
16,
27521,
6,
8,
26047,
29,
1612,
1632,
8,
538,
1612,
13,
8,
6164,
2547,
684,
5,
86,
18315,
6,
3,
4327,
5,
5170,
13,
26047,
1702,
1402,
11655,
26047,
29,
11,
5468,
8,
1612,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
259,
8008,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"After the Estonian War of Independence in 1919, the Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country. In 1945, 97.3% of Estonia considered itself ethnic Estonian and spoke the language.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is estonia? | [
684,
1
] |
country
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
23901,
8,
26047,
29,
1602,
13,
23381,
16,
27521,
6,
8,
26047,
29,
1612,
1632,
8,
538,
1612,
13,
8,
6164,
2547,
684,
5,
86,
18315,
6,
3,
4327,
5,
5170,
13,
26047,
1702,
1402,
11655,
26047,
29,
11,
5468,
8,
1612,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
26047,
29,
1602,
13,
12315,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"After the Estonian War of Independence in 1919, the Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country. In 1945, 97.3% of Estonia considered itself ethnic Estonian and spoke the language.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is Estonian War of independence? | [
1602,
1
] |
War
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
23901,
8,
26047,
29,
1602,
13,
23381,
16,
27521,
6,
8,
26047,
29,
1612,
1632,
8,
538,
1612,
13,
8,
6164,
2547,
684,
5,
86,
18315,
6,
3,
4327,
5,
5170,
13,
26047,
1702,
1402,
11655,
26047,
29,
11,
5468,
8,
1612,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
47,
26047,
16,
18315,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"After the Estonian War of Independence in 1919, the Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country. In 1945, 97.3% of Estonia considered itself ethnic Estonian and spoke the language.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What was Estonia in 1945? | [
2547,
684,
1
] |
independent country
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
23901,
8,
26047,
29,
1602,
13,
23381,
16,
27521,
6,
8,
26047,
29,
1612,
1632,
8,
538,
1612,
13,
8,
6164,
2547,
684,
5,
86,
18315,
6,
3,
4327,
5,
5170,
13,
26047,
1702,
1402,
11655,
26047,
29,
11,
5468,
8,
1612,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
47,
26047,
16,
27521,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"After the Estonian War of Independence in 1919, the Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country. In 1945, 97.3% of Estonia considered itself ethnic Estonian and spoke the language.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What was Estonia in 1919? | [
2547,
684,
1
] |
independent country
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
23901,
8,
26047,
29,
1602,
13,
23381,
16,
27521,
6,
8,
26047,
29,
1612,
1632,
8,
538,
1612,
13,
8,
6164,
2547,
684,
5,
86,
18315,
6,
3,
4327,
5,
5170,
13,
26047,
1702,
1402,
11655,
26047,
29,
11,
5468,
8,
1612,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
625,
47,
26047,
16,
27521,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"After the Estonian War of Independence in 1919, the Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country. In 1945, 97.3% of Estonia considered itself ethnic Estonian and spoke the language.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How old was Estonia in 1919? | [
6164,
1
] |
newly
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
40,
11841,
8,
26047,
29,
11,
2968,
447,
8024,
33,
13,
182,
315,
5233,
7,
6,
80,
54,
2862,
186,
1126,
1234,
16,
26047,
29,
11,
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21,
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5,
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19,
3,
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29,
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13,
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3356,
6,
11,
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2968,
41,
5751,
1068,
2968,
137,
37,
5294,
13,
5586,
3,
30004,
11,
1592,
2968,
2289,
6051,
7,
54,
36,
5861,
44,
1630,
104,
1828,
1093,
6,
28,
5586,
3,
30004,
492,
95,
81,
627,
1093,
5,
6306,
13903,
906,
908,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
5294,
13,
19067,
1026,
45,
8,
192,
8024,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Although the Estonian and Germanic languages are of very different origins, one can identify many similar words in Estonian and English, for example. This is primarily because the Estonian language has borrowed nearly one third of its vocabulary from Germanic languages, mainly from Low Saxon (Middle Low German) during the period of German rule, and High German (including standard German). The percentage of Low Saxon and High German loanwords can be estimated at 22–25 percent, with Low Saxon making up about 15 percent.[citation needed]",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the percentage of vocabulary taken from the two languages? | [
1630,
104,
1828,
1
] |
22–25
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
40,
11841,
8,
26047,
29,
11,
2968,
447,
8024,
33,
13,
182,
315,
5233,
7,
6,
80,
54,
2862,
186,
1126,
1234,
16,
26047,
29,
11,
1566,
6,
21,
677,
5,
100,
19,
3,
5325,
250,
8,
26047,
29,
1612,
65,
26688,
2111,
80,
1025,
13,
165,
19067,
45,
2968,
447,
8024,
6,
3,
4894,
45,
5586,
3,
30004,
41,
329,
23,
8437,
5586,
2968,
61,
383,
8,
1059,
13,
2968,
3356,
6,
11,
1592,
2968,
41,
5751,
1068,
2968,
137,
37,
5294,
13,
5586,
3,
30004,
11,
1592,
2968,
2289,
6051,
7,
54,
36,
5861,
44,
1630,
104,
1828,
1093,
6,
28,
5586,
3,
30004,
492,
95,
81,
627,
1093,
5,
6306,
13903,
906,
908,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
4073,
1612,
4724,
72,
1234,
12,
26047,
29,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Although the Estonian and Germanic languages are of very different origins, one can identify many similar words in Estonian and English, for example. This is primarily because the Estonian language has borrowed nearly one third of its vocabulary from Germanic languages, mainly from Low Saxon (Middle Low German) during the period of German rule, and High German (including standard German). The percentage of Low Saxon and High German loanwords can be estimated at 22–25 percent, with Low Saxon making up about 15 percent.[citation needed]",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which language loans more words to Estonian? | [
5586,
3,
30004,
1
] |
Low Saxon
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
40,
11841,
8,
26047,
29,
11,
2968,
447,
8024,
33,
13,
182,
315,
5233,
7,
6,
80,
54,
2862,
186,
1126,
1234,
16,
26047,
29,
11,
1566,
6,
21,
677,
5,
100,
19,
3,
5325,
250,
8,
26047,
29,
1612,
65,
26688,
2111,
80,
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13,
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45,
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8024,
6,
3,
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45,
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3,
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41,
329,
23,
8437,
5586,
2968,
61,
383,
8,
1059,
13,
2968,
3356,
6,
11,
1592,
2968,
41,
5751,
1068,
2968,
137,
37,
5294,
13,
5586,
3,
30004,
11,
1592,
2968,
2289,
6051,
7,
54,
36,
5861,
44,
1630,
104,
1828,
1093,
6,
28,
5586,
3,
30004,
492,
95,
81,
627,
1093,
5,
6306,
13903,
906,
908,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
4073,
1612,
4139,
7,
8,
709,
12,
26047,
29,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Although the Estonian and Germanic languages are of very different origins, one can identify many similar words in Estonian and English, for example. This is primarily because the Estonian language has borrowed nearly one third of its vocabulary from Germanic languages, mainly from Low Saxon (Middle Low German) during the period of German rule, and High German (including standard German). The percentage of Low Saxon and High German loanwords can be estimated at 22–25 percent, with Low Saxon making up about 15 percent.[citation needed]",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which language contributes the least to Estonian? | [
1592,
2968,
1
] |
High German
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
382,
63,
102,
4478,
120,
6,
26047,
29,
5475,
3,
9,
3508,
138,
607,
45,
46,
3,
9,
4102,
16668,
29,
1014,
1612,
12,
3,
9,
3,
7316,
138,
1612,
5,
37,
54,
106,
1950,
1448,
455,
19,
180,
8040,
41,
7304,
11827,
104,
11868,
104,
30536,
137,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
405,
8,
180,
16,
96,
134,
8040,
121,
1518,
21,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Typologically, Estonian represents a transitional form from an agglutinating language to a fusional language. The canonical word order is SVO (subject–verb–object).",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What does the S in "SVO" stand for? | [
1426,
1
] |
subject
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
382,
63,
102,
4478,
120,
6,
26047,
29,
5475,
3,
9,
3508,
138,
607,
45,
46,
3,
9,
4102,
16668,
29,
1014,
1612,
12,
3,
9,
3,
7316,
138,
1612,
5,
37,
54,
106,
1950,
1448,
455,
19,
180,
8040,
41,
7304,
11827,
104,
11868,
104,
30536,
137,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
405,
8,
584,
16,
96,
134,
8040,
121,
1518,
21,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Typologically, Estonian represents a transitional form from an agglutinating language to a fusional language. The canonical word order is SVO (subject–verb–object).",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What does the V in "SVO" stand for? | [
7375,
1
] |
verb
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
382,
63,
102,
4478,
120,
6,
26047,
29,
5475,
3,
9,
3508,
138,
607,
45,
46,
3,
9,
4102,
16668,
29,
1014,
1612,
12,
3,
9,
3,
7316,
138,
1612,
5,
37,
54,
106,
1950,
1448,
455,
19,
180,
8040,
41,
7304,
11827,
104,
11868,
104,
30536,
137,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
405,
8,
411,
16,
96,
134,
8040,
121,
1518,
21,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Typologically, Estonian represents a transitional form from an agglutinating language to a fusional language. The canonical word order is SVO (subject–verb–object).",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What does the O in "SVO" stand for? | [
3735,
1
] |
object
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
15594,
49,
29,
26047,
29,
42,
189,
5984,
19,
3,
390,
30,
8,
368,
49,
18850,
16369,
990,
57,
31176,
71,
10655,
7,
16,
8,
511,
985,
13,
8,
957,
189,
2646,
3,
390,
30,
28124,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
37,
3525,
49,
18850,
16369,
34,
5821,
47,
990,
16,
8,
1003,
189,
2646,
57,
2798,
122,
17,
11922,
7704,
242,
7,
15,
29705,
11,
19719,
14715,
425,
3,
390,
30,
1068,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
3,
15944,
913,
16,
26047,
29,
141,
57,
11,
508,
261,
46,
3,
9,
26,
3,
24344,
42,
189,
5984,
3,
390,
30,
6271,
11,
4551,
5586,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
886,
14780,
13,
8,
1068,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
3,
318,
21,
677,
6,
913,
3,
31,
518,
31,
87,
31,
210,
31,
1446,
13,
3,
31,
553,
31,
87,
31,
208,
31,
399,
15777,
168,
139,
8,
15559,
7,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
366,
47,
42,
189,
5984,
166,
990,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Modern Estonian orthography is based on the Newer Orthography created by Eduard Ahrens in the second half of the 19th century based on Finnish orthography. The Older Orthography it replaced was created in the 17th century by Bengt Gottfried Forselius and Johann Hornung based on standard German orthography. Earlier writing in Estonian had by and large used an ad hoc orthography based on Latin and Middle Low German orthography. Some influences of the standard German orthography — for example, writing 'W'/'w' instead of 'V'/'v' persisted well into the 1930s.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: When was orthography first created? | [
1003,
189,
2646,
1
] |
17th century
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
15594,
49,
29,
26047,
29,
42,
189,
5984,
19,
3,
390,
30,
8,
368,
49,
18850,
16369,
990,
57,
31176,
71,
10655,
7,
16,
8,
511,
985,
13,
8,
957,
189,
2646,
3,
390,
30,
28124,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
37,
3525,
49,
18850,
16369,
34,
5821,
47,
990,
16,
8,
1003,
189,
2646,
57,
2798,
122,
17,
11922,
7704,
242,
7,
15,
29705,
11,
19719,
14715,
425,
3,
390,
30,
1068,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
3,
15944,
913,
16,
26047,
29,
141,
57,
11,
508,
261,
46,
3,
9,
26,
3,
24344,
42,
189,
5984,
3,
390,
30,
6271,
11,
4551,
5586,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
886,
14780,
13,
8,
1068,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
3,
318,
21,
677,
6,
913,
3,
31,
518,
31,
87,
31,
210,
31,
1446,
13,
3,
31,
553,
31,
87,
31,
208,
31,
399,
15777,
168,
139,
8,
15559,
7,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
366,
410,
42,
189,
5984,
369,
139,
3409,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Modern Estonian orthography is based on the Newer Orthography created by Eduard Ahrens in the second half of the 19th century based on Finnish orthography. The Older Orthography it replaced was created in the 17th century by Bengt Gottfried Forselius and Johann Hornung based on standard German orthography. Earlier writing in Estonian had by and large used an ad hoc orthography based on Latin and Middle Low German orthography. Some influences of the standard German orthography — for example, writing 'W'/'w' instead of 'V'/'v' persisted well into the 1930s.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: When did orthography come into creation? | [
1003,
189,
2646,
1
] |
17th century
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
15594,
49,
29,
26047,
29,
42,
189,
5984,
19,
3,
390,
30,
8,
368,
49,
18850,
16369,
990,
57,
31176,
71,
10655,
7,
16,
8,
511,
985,
13,
8,
957,
189,
2646,
3,
390,
30,
28124,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
37,
3525,
49,
18850,
16369,
34,
5821,
47,
990,
16,
8,
1003,
189,
2646,
57,
2798,
122,
17,
11922,
7704,
242,
7,
15,
29705,
11,
19719,
14715,
425,
3,
390,
30,
1068,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
3,
15944,
913,
16,
26047,
29,
141,
57,
11,
508,
261,
46,
3,
9,
26,
3,
24344,
42,
189,
5984,
3,
390,
30,
6271,
11,
4551,
5586,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
886,
14780,
13,
8,
1068,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
3,
318,
21,
677,
6,
913,
3,
31,
518,
31,
87,
31,
210,
31,
1446,
13,
3,
31,
553,
31,
87,
31,
208,
31,
399,
15777,
168,
139,
8,
15559,
7,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
4073,
151,
990,
42,
189,
5984,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Modern Estonian orthography is based on the Newer Orthography created by Eduard Ahrens in the second half of the 19th century based on Finnish orthography. The Older Orthography it replaced was created in the 17th century by Bengt Gottfried Forselius and Johann Hornung based on standard German orthography. Earlier writing in Estonian had by and large used an ad hoc orthography based on Latin and Middle Low German orthography. Some influences of the standard German orthography — for example, writing 'W'/'w' instead of 'V'/'v' persisted well into the 1930s.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which people created orthography? | [
2798,
122,
17,
11922,
7704,
242,
7,
15,
29705,
11,
19719,
14715,
425,
1
] |
Bengt Gottfried Forselius and Johann Hornung
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
15594,
49,
29,
26047,
29,
42,
189,
5984,
19,
3,
390,
30,
8,
368,
49,
18850,
16369,
990,
57,
31176,
71,
10655,
7,
16,
8,
511,
985,
13,
8,
957,
189,
2646,
3,
390,
30,
28124,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
37,
3525,
49,
18850,
16369,
34,
5821,
47,
990,
16,
8,
1003,
189,
2646,
57,
2798,
122,
17,
11922,
7704,
242,
7,
15,
29705,
11,
19719,
14715,
425,
3,
390,
30,
1068,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
3,
15944,
913,
16,
26047,
29,
141,
57,
11,
508,
261,
46,
3,
9,
26,
3,
24344,
42,
189,
5984,
3,
390,
30,
6271,
11,
4551,
5586,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
886,
14780,
13,
8,
1068,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
3,
318,
21,
677,
6,
913,
3,
31,
518,
31,
87,
31,
210,
31,
1446,
13,
3,
31,
553,
31,
87,
31,
208,
31,
399,
15777,
168,
139,
8,
15559,
7,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
47,
941,
3,
32,
189,
5984,
3,
390,
30,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Modern Estonian orthography is based on the Newer Orthography created by Eduard Ahrens in the second half of the 19th century based on Finnish orthography. The Older Orthography it replaced was created in the 17th century by Bengt Gottfried Forselius and Johann Hornung based on standard German orthography. Earlier writing in Estonian had by and large used an ad hoc orthography based on Latin and Middle Low German orthography. Some influences of the standard German orthography — for example, writing 'W'/'w' instead of 'V'/'v' persisted well into the 1930s.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What was modern othography based on? | [
1068,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
1
] |
standard German orthography
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
15594,
49,
29,
26047,
29,
42,
189,
5984,
19,
3,
390,
30,
8,
368,
49,
18850,
16369,
990,
57,
31176,
71,
10655,
7,
16,
8,
511,
985,
13,
8,
957,
189,
2646,
3,
390,
30,
28124,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
37,
3525,
49,
18850,
16369,
34,
5821,
47,
990,
16,
8,
1003,
189,
2646,
57,
2798,
122,
17,
11922,
7704,
242,
7,
15,
29705,
11,
19719,
14715,
425,
3,
390,
30,
1068,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
3,
15944,
913,
16,
26047,
29,
141,
57,
11,
508,
261,
46,
3,
9,
26,
3,
24344,
42,
189,
5984,
3,
390,
30,
6271,
11,
4551,
5586,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
5,
886,
14780,
13,
8,
1068,
2968,
42,
189,
5984,
3,
318,
21,
677,
6,
913,
3,
31,
518,
31,
87,
31,
210,
31,
1446,
13,
3,
31,
553,
31,
87,
31,
208,
31,
399,
15777,
168,
139,
8,
15559,
7,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
1075,
405,
3,
31,
518,
87,
31,
210,
31,
43,
30,
3,
32,
189,
5984,
469,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Modern Estonian orthography is based on the Newer Orthography created by Eduard Ahrens in the second half of the 19th century based on Finnish orthography. The Older Orthography it replaced was created in the 17th century by Bengt Gottfried Forselius and Johann Hornung based on standard German orthography. Earlier writing in Estonian had by and large used an ad hoc orthography based on Latin and Middle Low German orthography. Some influences of the standard German orthography — for example, writing 'W'/'w' instead of 'V'/'v' persisted well into the 1930s.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What role does 'W/'w' have on othography today? | [
14780,
1
] |
influences
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
40,
11841,
8,
26047,
29,
42,
189,
5984,
19,
2389,
10995,
57,
951,
3113,
5559,
6,
28,
284,
8373,
15,
526,
3,
9921,
12,
80,
951,
526,
6,
132,
33,
128,
4332,
11,
3,
8886,
4478,
25291,
7,
45,
48,
10,
21,
677,
19368,
13,
8,
3,
8886,
15,
526,
16,
20,
2482,
29,
1938,
13,
8,
1448,
41,
9933,
3,
115,
6,
3,
122,
6,
3,
26,
16,
1747,
213,
3,
102,
6,
3,
157,
6,
3,
17,
19,
3,
20721,
61,
11,
16,
8,
169,
13,
3,
31,
23,
31,
11,
3,
31,
354,
31,
5,
6306,
23982,
2420,
906,
908,
2840,
34,
19,
182,
256,
22255,
138,
42,
4586,
12,
686,
3,
2,
11,
3,
2,
6,
79,
33,
11608,
26,
28,
6660,
11,
3,
172,
107,
16,
128,
1545,
14877,
6,
2199,
48,
19,
1702,
12153,
5,
14375,
6,
8,
3,
107,
16,
6660,
5475,
3,
9,
2249,
924,
3,
9680,
17,
1947,
9030,
75,
1528,
6,
38,
16,
6156,
1024,
41,
8020,
18,
1024,
3670,
48,
92,
8275,
12,
128,
2959,
3056,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
1657,
21,
3,
9,
7892,
1745,
13,
1612,
24,
54,
59,
36,
8807,
136,
856,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Although the Estonian orthography is generally guided by phonemic principles, with each grapheme corresponding to one phoneme, there are some historical and morphological deviations from this: for example preservation of the morpheme in declension of the word (writing b, g, d in places where p, k, t is pronounced) and in the use of 'i' and 'j'.[clarification needed] Where it is very impractical or impossible to type š and ž, they are substituted with sh and zh in some written texts, although this is considered incorrect. Otherwise, the h in sh represents a voiceless glottal fricative, as in Pasha (pas-ha); this also applies to some foreign names.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the term for a meaningful unit of language that can not be divided any further? | [
3,
8886,
15,
526,
1
] |
morpheme
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
40,
11841,
8,
26047,
29,
42,
189,
5984,
19,
2389,
10995,
57,
951,
3113,
5559,
6,
28,
284,
8373,
15,
526,
3,
9921,
12,
80,
951,
526,
6,
132,
33,
128,
4332,
11,
3,
8886,
4478,
25291,
7,
45,
48,
10,
21,
677,
19368,
13,
8,
3,
8886,
15,
526,
16,
20,
2482,
29,
1938,
13,
8,
1448,
41,
9933,
3,
115,
6,
3,
122,
6,
3,
26,
16,
1747,
213,
3,
102,
6,
3,
157,
6,
3,
17,
19,
3,
20721,
61,
11,
16,
8,
169,
13,
3,
31,
23,
31,
11,
3,
31,
354,
31,
5,
6306,
23982,
2420,
906,
908,
2840,
34,
19,
182,
256,
22255,
138,
42,
4586,
12,
686,
3,
2,
11,
3,
2,
6,
79,
33,
11608,
26,
28,
6660,
11,
3,
172,
107,
16,
128,
1545,
14877,
6,
2199,
48,
19,
1702,
12153,
5,
14375,
6,
8,
3,
107,
16,
6660,
5475,
3,
9,
2249,
924,
3,
9680,
17,
1947,
9030,
75,
1528,
6,
38,
16,
6156,
1024,
41,
8020,
18,
1024,
3670,
48,
92,
8275,
12,
128,
2959,
3056,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
71,
150,
202,
24,
2401,
7,
12,
136,
6746,
1745,
13,
1345,
16,
3,
9,
1612,
6,
24,
19,
261,
12,
15849,
3,
9,
1448,
45,
430,
6,
19,
718,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Although the Estonian orthography is generally guided by phonemic principles, with each grapheme corresponding to one phoneme, there are some historical and morphological deviations from this: for example preservation of the morpheme in declension of the word (writing b, g, d in places where p, k, t is pronounced) and in the use of 'i' and 'j'.[clarification needed] Where it is very impractical or impossible to type š and ž, they are substituted with sh and zh in some written texts, although this is considered incorrect. Otherwise, the h in sh represents a voiceless glottal fricative, as in Pasha (pas-ha); this also applies to some foreign names.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: A noun that refers to any distinct unit of sound in a language, that is used to distinguish a word from another, is called? | [
951,
526,
1
] |
phoneme
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
40,
11841,
8,
26047,
29,
42,
189,
5984,
19,
2389,
10995,
57,
951,
3113,
5559,
6,
28,
284,
8373,
15,
526,
3,
9921,
12,
80,
951,
526,
6,
132,
33,
128,
4332,
11,
3,
8886,
4478,
25291,
7,
45,
48,
10,
21,
677,
19368,
13,
8,
3,
8886,
15,
526,
16,
20,
2482,
29,
1938,
13,
8,
1448,
41,
9933,
3,
115,
6,
3,
122,
6,
3,
26,
16,
1747,
213,
3,
102,
6,
3,
157,
6,
3,
17,
19,
3,
20721,
61,
11,
16,
8,
169,
13,
3,
31,
23,
31,
11,
3,
31,
354,
31,
5,
6306,
23982,
2420,
906,
908,
2840,
34,
19,
182,
256,
22255,
138,
42,
4586,
12,
686,
3,
2,
11,
3,
2,
6,
79,
33,
11608,
26,
28,
6660,
11,
3,
172,
107,
16,
128,
1545,
14877,
6,
2199,
48,
19,
1702,
12153,
5,
14375,
6,
8,
3,
107,
16,
6660,
5475,
3,
9,
2249,
924,
3,
9680,
17,
1947,
9030,
75,
1528,
6,
38,
16,
6156,
1024,
41,
8020,
18,
1024,
3670,
48,
92,
8275,
12,
128,
2959,
3056,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
86,
8,
1566,
10509,
6,
125,
19,
8,
20394,
189,
2068,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Although the Estonian orthography is generally guided by phonemic principles, with each grapheme corresponding to one phoneme, there are some historical and morphological deviations from this: for example preservation of the morpheme in declension of the word (writing b, g, d in places where p, k, t is pronounced) and in the use of 'i' and 'j'.[clarification needed] Where it is very impractical or impossible to type š and ž, they are substituted with sh and zh in some written texts, although this is considered incorrect. Otherwise, the h in sh represents a voiceless glottal fricative, as in Pasha (pas-ha); this also applies to some foreign names.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: In the English Language, what is the eleventh letter? | [
3,
157,
1
] |
k
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
40,
11841,
8,
26047,
29,
42,
189,
5984,
19,
2389,
10995,
57,
951,
3113,
5559,
6,
28,
284,
8373,
15,
526,
3,
9921,
12,
80,
951,
526,
6,
132,
33,
128,
4332,
11,
3,
8886,
4478,
25291,
7,
45,
48,
10,
21,
677,
19368,
13,
8,
3,
8886,
15,
526,
16,
20,
2482,
29,
1938,
13,
8,
1448,
41,
9933,
3,
115,
6,
3,
122,
6,
3,
26,
16,
1747,
213,
3,
102,
6,
3,
157,
6,
3,
17,
19,
3,
20721,
61,
11,
16,
8,
169,
13,
3,
31,
23,
31,
11,
3,
31,
354,
31,
5,
6306,
23982,
2420,
906,
908,
2840,
34,
19,
182,
256,
22255,
138,
42,
4586,
12,
686,
3,
2,
11,
3,
2,
6,
79,
33,
11608,
26,
28,
6660,
11,
3,
172,
107,
16,
128,
1545,
14877,
6,
2199,
48,
19,
1702,
12153,
5,
14375,
6,
8,
3,
107,
16,
6660,
5475,
3,
9,
2249,
924,
3,
9680,
17,
1947,
9030,
75,
1528,
6,
38,
16,
6156,
1024,
41,
8020,
18,
1024,
3670,
48,
92,
8275,
12,
128,
2959,
3056,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
3,
17924,
7892,
4656,
757,
1745,
16,
3,
9,
913,
358,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Although the Estonian orthography is generally guided by phonemic principles, with each grapheme corresponding to one phoneme, there are some historical and morphological deviations from this: for example preservation of the morpheme in declension of the word (writing b, g, d in places where p, k, t is pronounced) and in the use of 'i' and 'j'.[clarification needed] Where it is very impractical or impossible to type š and ž, they are substituted with sh and zh in some written texts, although this is considered incorrect. Otherwise, the h in sh represents a voiceless glottal fricative, as in Pasha (pas-ha); this also applies to some foreign names.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the smallest meaningful contrastive unit in a writing system? | [
8373,
15,
526,
1
] |
grapheme
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
40,
11841,
8,
26047,
29,
42,
189,
5984,
19,
2389,
10995,
57,
951,
3113,
5559,
6,
28,
284,
8373,
15,
526,
3,
9921,
12,
80,
951,
526,
6,
132,
33,
128,
4332,
11,
3,
8886,
4478,
25291,
7,
45,
48,
10,
21,
677,
19368,
13,
8,
3,
8886,
15,
526,
16,
20,
2482,
29,
1938,
13,
8,
1448,
41,
9933,
3,
115,
6,
3,
122,
6,
3,
26,
16,
1747,
213,
3,
102,
6,
3,
157,
6,
3,
17,
19,
3,
20721,
61,
11,
16,
8,
169,
13,
3,
31,
23,
31,
11,
3,
31,
354,
31,
5,
6306,
23982,
2420,
906,
908,
2840,
34,
19,
182,
256,
22255,
138,
42,
4586,
12,
686,
3,
2,
11,
3,
2,
6,
79,
33,
11608,
26,
28,
6660,
11,
3,
172,
107,
16,
128,
1545,
14877,
6,
2199,
48,
19,
1702,
12153,
5,
14375,
6,
8,
3,
107,
16,
6660,
5475,
3,
9,
2249,
924,
3,
9680,
17,
1947,
9030,
75,
1528,
6,
38,
16,
6156,
1024,
41,
8020,
18,
1024,
3670,
48,
92,
8275,
12,
128,
2959,
3056,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
37,
866,
24,
3,
9,
712,
9753,
20,
5907,
1422,
45,
3,
9,
1243,
42,
1348,
19,
718,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Although the Estonian orthography is generally guided by phonemic principles, with each grapheme corresponding to one phoneme, there are some historical and morphological deviations from this: for example preservation of the morpheme in declension of the word (writing b, g, d in places where p, k, t is pronounced) and in the use of 'i' and 'j'.[clarification needed] Where it is very impractical or impossible to type š and ž, they are substituted with sh and zh in some written texts, although this is considered incorrect. Otherwise, the h in sh represents a voiceless glottal fricative, as in Pasha (pas-ha); this also applies to some foreign names.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: The amount that a single measurement deviates from a mean or average is called? | [
25291,
7,
1
] |
deviations
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
31922,
52,
9,
4703,
151,
113,
1114,
12,
8406,
70,
423,
8681,
751,
3,
9,
6224,
13,
10549,
16,
6622,
6,
116,
8,
2126,
13,
2159,
11,
12532,
41,
8638,
279,
61,
2130,
8,
2822,
9464,
13,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
5897,
12,
5720,
1317,
7216,
5,
100,
741,
15,
26,
16,
3,
9,
483,
12,
8,
2766,
907,
1323,
23086,
6,
84,
2225,
3008,
12,
1738,
72,
145,
80,
13,
8,
1296,
347,
5897,
6,
84,
130,
6,
16,
4456,
10,
96,
25571,
976,
96,
20096,
42,
3850,
797,
976,
96,
188,
10488,
976,
96,
8778,
2557,
42,
12821,
29,
13424,
976,
96,
567,
1528,
24221,
42,
119,
5824,
2834,
49,
976,
11,
96,
667,
189,
49,
535,
9006,
1030,
33,
787,
16,
8,
1108,
10,
10949,
41,
1265,
5,
134,
5,
23087,
137,
37,
411,
4633,
263,
165,
21130,
13488,
21,
66,
789,
2807,
57,
3888,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
410,
3,
3232,
1317,
7216,
103,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Multiracial people who wanted to acknowledge their full heritage won a victory of sorts in 1997, when the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) changed the federal regulation of racial categories to permit multiple responses. This resulted in a change to the 2000 United States Census, which allowed participants to select more than one of the six available categories, which were, in brief: "White," "Black or African American," "Asian," "American Indian or Alaskan Native," "Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander," and "Other." Further details are given in the article: Race (U.S. census). The OMB made its directive mandatory for all government forms by 2003.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What did allowing multiple responses do? | [
741,
15,
26,
16,
3,
9,
483,
12,
8,
2766,
907,
1323,
23086,
1
] |
resulted in a change to the 2000 United States Census
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
31922,
52,
9,
4703,
151,
113,
1114,
12,
8406,
70,
423,
8681,
751,
3,
9,
6224,
13,
10549,
16,
6622,
6,
116,
8,
2126,
13,
2159,
11,
12532,
41,
8638,
279,
61,
2130,
8,
2822,
9464,
13,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
5897,
12,
5720,
1317,
7216,
5,
100,
741,
15,
26,
16,
3,
9,
483,
12,
8,
2766,
907,
1323,
23086,
6,
84,
2225,
3008,
12,
1738,
72,
145,
80,
13,
8,
1296,
347,
5897,
6,
84,
130,
6,
16,
4456,
10,
96,
25571,
976,
96,
20096,
42,
3850,
797,
976,
96,
188,
10488,
976,
96,
8778,
2557,
42,
12821,
29,
13424,
976,
96,
567,
1528,
24221,
42,
119,
5824,
2834,
49,
976,
11,
96,
667,
189,
49,
535,
9006,
1030,
33,
787,
16,
8,
1108,
10,
10949,
41,
1265,
5,
134,
5,
23087,
137,
37,
411,
4633,
263,
165,
21130,
13488,
21,
66,
789,
2807,
57,
3888,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2645,
47,
3,
15,
27488,
18294,
57,
8,
483,
16,
13126,
6644,
9464,
13,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
5897,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Multiracial people who wanted to acknowledge their full heritage won a victory of sorts in 1997, when the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) changed the federal regulation of racial categories to permit multiple responses. This resulted in a change to the 2000 United States Census, which allowed participants to select more than one of the six available categories, which were, in brief: "White," "Black or African American," "Asian," "American Indian or Alaskan Native," "Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander," and "Other." Further details are given in the article: Race (U.S. census). The OMB made its directive mandatory for all government forms by 2003.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Who was effected positively by the change in fedreal regulation of racial categories? | [
4908,
52,
9,
4703,
151,
1
] |
Multiracial people
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
31922,
52,
9,
4703,
151,
113,
1114,
12,
8406,
70,
423,
8681,
751,
3,
9,
6224,
13,
10549,
16,
6622,
6,
116,
8,
2126,
13,
2159,
11,
12532,
41,
8638,
279,
61,
2130,
8,
2822,
9464,
13,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
5897,
12,
5720,
1317,
7216,
5,
100,
741,
15,
26,
16,
3,
9,
483,
12,
8,
2766,
907,
1323,
23086,
6,
84,
2225,
3008,
12,
1738,
72,
145,
80,
13,
8,
1296,
347,
5897,
6,
84,
130,
6,
16,
4456,
10,
96,
25571,
976,
96,
20096,
42,
3850,
797,
976,
96,
188,
10488,
976,
96,
8778,
2557,
42,
12821,
29,
13424,
976,
96,
567,
1528,
24221,
42,
119,
5824,
2834,
49,
976,
11,
96,
667,
189,
49,
535,
9006,
1030,
33,
787,
16,
8,
1108,
10,
10949,
41,
1265,
5,
134,
5,
23087,
137,
37,
411,
4633,
263,
165,
21130,
13488,
21,
66,
789,
2807,
57,
3888,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
3295,
19,
29,
31,
17,
46,
1805,
1964,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Multiracial people who wanted to acknowledge their full heritage won a victory of sorts in 1997, when the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) changed the federal regulation of racial categories to permit multiple responses. This resulted in a change to the 2000 United States Census, which allowed participants to select more than one of the six available categories, which were, in brief: "White," "Black or African American," "Asian," "American Indian or Alaskan Native," "Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander," and "Other." Further details are given in the article: Race (U.S. census). The OMB made its directive mandatory for all government forms by 2003.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What category isn't an actual race? | [
2502,
1
] |
Other
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
31922,
52,
9,
4703,
151,
113,
1114,
12,
8406,
70,
423,
8681,
751,
3,
9,
6224,
13,
10549,
16,
6622,
6,
116,
8,
2126,
13,
2159,
11,
12532,
41,
8638,
279,
61,
2130,
8,
2822,
9464,
13,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
5897,
12,
5720,
1317,
7216,
5,
100,
741,
15,
26,
16,
3,
9,
483,
12,
8,
2766,
907,
1323,
23086,
6,
84,
2225,
3008,
12,
1738,
72,
145,
80,
13,
8,
1296,
347,
5897,
6,
84,
130,
6,
16,
4456,
10,
96,
25571,
976,
96,
20096,
42,
3850,
797,
976,
96,
188,
10488,
976,
96,
8778,
2557,
42,
12821,
29,
13424,
976,
96,
567,
1528,
24221,
42,
119,
5824,
2834,
49,
976,
11,
96,
667,
189,
49,
535,
9006,
1030,
33,
787,
16,
8,
1108,
10,
10949,
41,
1265,
5,
134,
5,
23087,
137,
37,
411,
4633,
263,
165,
21130,
13488,
21,
66,
789,
2807,
57,
3888,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
2126,
13,
2159,
11,
12532,
718,
12,
36,
4456,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Multiracial people who wanted to acknowledge their full heritage won a victory of sorts in 1997, when the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) changed the federal regulation of racial categories to permit multiple responses. This resulted in a change to the 2000 United States Census, which allowed participants to select more than one of the six available categories, which were, in brief: "White," "Black or African American," "Asian," "American Indian or Alaskan Native," "Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander," and "Other." Further details are given in the article: Race (U.S. census). The OMB made its directive mandatory for all government forms by 2003.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the Office of Management and Budget called to be brief? | [
411,
4633,
1
] |
OMB
|
[
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8681,
751,
3,
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19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
1615,
410,
48,
483,
1837,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Multiracial people who wanted to acknowledge their full heritage won a victory of sorts in 1997, when the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) changed the federal regulation of racial categories to permit multiple responses. This resulted in a change to the 2000 United States Census, which allowed participants to select more than one of the six available categories, which were, in brief: "White," "Black or African American," "Asian," "American Indian or Alaskan Native," "Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander," and "Other." Further details are given in the article: Race (U.S. census). The OMB made its directive mandatory for all government forms by 2003.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Why did this change happen? | [
4908,
52,
9,
4703,
151,
113,
1114,
12,
8406,
70,
423,
8681,
1
] |
Multiracial people who wanted to acknowledge their full heritage
|
[
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8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
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4810,
13,
8,
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57,
8,
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31,
7,
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2917,
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915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
130,
8,
502,
294,
13,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The social identity of the children was strongly determined by the tribe's kinship system. Among the matrilineal tribes of the Southeast, the mixed-race children generally were accepted as and identified as Indian, as they gained their social status from their mother's clans and tribes, and often grew up with their mothers and their male relatives. By contrast, among the patrilineal Omaha, for example, the child of a white man and Omaha woman was considered "white"; such mixed-race children and their mothers would be protected, but the children could formally belong to the tribe as members only if adopted by a man.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What were the children part of? | [
14430,
1
] |
tribe
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
569,
4810,
13,
8,
502,
47,
7157,
4187,
57,
8,
14430,
31,
7,
3,
2917,
2009,
358,
5,
3,
7264,
8,
954,
1788,
747,
138,
14430,
7,
13,
8,
18862,
6,
8,
4838,
18,
12614,
502,
2389,
130,
4307,
38,
11,
4313,
38,
2557,
6,
38,
79,
6886,
70,
569,
2637,
45,
70,
2039,
31,
7,
18297,
7,
11,
14430,
7,
6,
11,
557,
3,
4774,
95,
28,
70,
16449,
11,
70,
5069,
12867,
5,
938,
4656,
6,
859,
8,
16246,
747,
138,
29518,
6,
21,
677,
6,
8,
861,
13,
3,
9,
872,
388,
11,
29518,
2335,
47,
1702,
96,
13698,
121,
117,
224,
4838,
18,
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502,
11,
70,
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133,
36,
5046,
6,
68,
8,
502,
228,
3,
19448,
13000,
12,
8,
14430,
38,
724,
163,
3,
99,
7546,
57,
3,
9,
388,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2840,
410,
8,
502,
619,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The social identity of the children was strongly determined by the tribe's kinship system. Among the matrilineal tribes of the Southeast, the mixed-race children generally were accepted as and identified as Indian, as they gained their social status from their mother's clans and tribes, and often grew up with their mothers and their male relatives. By contrast, among the patrilineal Omaha, for example, the child of a white man and Omaha woman was considered "white"; such mixed-race children and their mothers would be protected, but the children could formally belong to the tribe as members only if adopted by a man.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Where did the children live? | [
8,
18862,
1
] |
the Southeast
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
569,
4810,
13,
8,
502,
47,
7157,
4187,
57,
8,
14430,
31,
7,
3,
2917,
2009,
358,
5,
3,
7264,
8,
954,
1788,
747,
138,
14430,
7,
13,
8,
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6,
8,
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38,
11,
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38,
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6,
38,
79,
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70,
569,
2637,
45,
70,
2039,
31,
7,
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7,
11,
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7,
6,
11,
557,
3,
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95,
28,
70,
16449,
11,
70,
5069,
12867,
5,
938,
4656,
6,
859,
8,
16246,
747,
138,
29518,
6,
21,
677,
6,
8,
861,
13,
3,
9,
872,
388,
11,
29518,
2335,
47,
1702,
96,
13698,
121,
117,
224,
4838,
18,
12614,
502,
11,
70,
16449,
133,
36,
5046,
6,
68,
8,
502,
228,
3,
19448,
13000,
12,
8,
14430,
38,
724,
163,
3,
99,
7546,
57,
3,
9,
388,
535,
6,
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8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
1964,
13,
8,
16449,
16,
8,
18862,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The social identity of the children was strongly determined by the tribe's kinship system. Among the matrilineal tribes of the Southeast, the mixed-race children generally were accepted as and identified as Indian, as they gained their social status from their mother's clans and tribes, and often grew up with their mothers and their male relatives. By contrast, among the patrilineal Omaha, for example, the child of a white man and Omaha woman was considered "white"; such mixed-race children and their mothers would be protected, but the children could formally belong to the tribe as members only if adopted by a man.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the race of the mothers in the Southeast? | [
2557,
1
] |
Indian
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
569,
4810,
13,
8,
502,
47,
7157,
4187,
57,
8,
14430,
31,
7,
3,
2917,
2009,
358,
5,
3,
7264,
8,
954,
1788,
747,
138,
14430,
7,
13,
8,
18862,
6,
8,
4838,
18,
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502,
2389,
130,
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38,
11,
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38,
2557,
6,
38,
79,
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70,
569,
2637,
45,
70,
2039,
31,
7,
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7,
11,
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7,
6,
11,
557,
3,
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95,
28,
70,
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11,
70,
5069,
12867,
5,
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6,
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8,
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747,
138,
29518,
6,
21,
677,
6,
8,
861,
13,
3,
9,
872,
388,
11,
29518,
2335,
47,
1702,
96,
13698,
121,
117,
224,
4838,
18,
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502,
11,
70,
16449,
133,
36,
5046,
6,
68,
8,
502,
228,
3,
19448,
13000,
12,
8,
14430,
38,
724,
163,
3,
99,
7546,
57,
3,
9,
388,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
29518,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The social identity of the children was strongly determined by the tribe's kinship system. Among the matrilineal tribes of the Southeast, the mixed-race children generally were accepted as and identified as Indian, as they gained their social status from their mother's clans and tribes, and often grew up with their mothers and their male relatives. By contrast, among the patrilineal Omaha, for example, the child of a white man and Omaha woman was considered "white"; such mixed-race children and their mothers would be protected, but the children could formally belong to the tribe as members only if adopted by a man.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is Omaha? | [
14430,
7,
1
] |
tribes
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
569,
4810,
13,
8,
502,
47,
7157,
4187,
57,
8,
14430,
31,
7,
3,
2917,
2009,
358,
5,
3,
7264,
8,
954,
1788,
747,
138,
14430,
7,
13,
8,
18862,
6,
8,
4838,
18,
12614,
502,
2389,
130,
4307,
38,
11,
4313,
38,
2557,
6,
38,
79,
6886,
70,
569,
2637,
45,
70,
2039,
31,
7,
18297,
7,
11,
14430,
7,
6,
11,
557,
3,
4774,
95,
28,
70,
16449,
11,
70,
5069,
12867,
5,
938,
4656,
6,
859,
8,
16246,
747,
138,
29518,
6,
21,
677,
6,
8,
861,
13,
3,
9,
872,
388,
11,
29518,
2335,
47,
1702,
96,
13698,
121,
117,
224,
4838,
18,
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502,
11,
70,
16449,
133,
36,
5046,
6,
68,
8,
502,
228,
3,
19448,
13000,
12,
8,
14430,
38,
724,
163,
3,
99,
7546,
57,
3,
9,
388,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
2337,
21,
29518,
887,
113,
141,
861,
28,
872,
388,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The social identity of the children was strongly determined by the tribe's kinship system. Among the matrilineal tribes of the Southeast, the mixed-race children generally were accepted as and identified as Indian, as they gained their social status from their mother's clans and tribes, and often grew up with their mothers and their male relatives. By contrast, among the patrilineal Omaha, for example, the child of a white man and Omaha woman was considered "white"; such mixed-race children and their mothers would be protected, but the children could formally belong to the tribe as members only if adopted by a man.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the advantage for Omaha women who had child with white man? | [
133,
36,
5046,
1
] |
would be protected
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
279,
63,
5541,
6,
8,
23086,
10504,
1285,
72,
145,
3,
9,
9611,
11655,
87,
52,
9,
4703,
5897,
30,
8,
23087,
6,
19124,
59,
163,
2839,
569,
912,
81,
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485,
6,
68,
8,
1148,
1196,
13,
16096,
113,
141,
369,
12,
14989,
16,
8,
907,
1323,
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2839,
4332,
3859,
11,
126,
10653,
3786,
16,
8,
8754,
7,
5,
438,
3,
9,
2839,
2710,
6,
72,
5169,
43,
11173,
12,
2785,
21,
23780,
53,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
3,
663,
7,
8224,
5,
37,
23086,
10504,
2130,
165,
331,
1232,
57,
3,
3232,
151,
12,
1044,
18,
4215,
4921,
38,
72,
145,
80,
11655,
485,
5,
886,
11655,
1637,
33,
4376,
81,
8,
1055,
1827,
11,
1456,
1951,
6,
38,
2822,
2927,
12,
20160,
365,
3473,
15,
26,
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65,
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15,
26,
30,
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331,
5,
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8,
23086,
10504,
6,
38,
13,
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6,
147,
489,
2712,
13,
66,
3850,
5452,
141,
1249,
52,
9,
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3,
663,
7,
9000,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2840,
19,
23086,
10504,
1069,
1315,
12,
8,
1499,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"By 1990, the Census Bureau included more than a dozen ethnic/racial categories on the census, reflecting not only changing social ideas about ethnicity, but the wide variety of immigrants who had come to reside in the United States due to changing historical forces and new immigration laws in the 1960s. With a changing society, more citizens have begun to press for acknowledging multiracial ancestry. The Census Bureau changed its data collection by allowing people to self-identify as more than one ethnicity. Some ethnic groups are concerned about the potential political and economic effects, as federal assistance to historically underserved groups has depended on Census data. According to the Census Bureau, as of 2002, over 75% of all African Americans had multiracial ancestries.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Where is Census Bureau located according to the text? | [
16,
8,
907,
1323,
1
] |
in the United States
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
279,
63,
5541,
6,
8,
23086,
10504,
1285,
72,
145,
3,
9,
9611,
11655,
87,
52,
9,
4703,
5897,
30,
8,
23087,
6,
19124,
59,
163,
2839,
569,
912,
81,
11655,
485,
6,
68,
8,
1148,
1196,
13,
16096,
113,
141,
369,
12,
14989,
16,
8,
907,
1323,
788,
12,
2839,
4332,
3859,
11,
126,
10653,
3786,
16,
8,
8754,
7,
5,
438,
3,
9,
2839,
2710,
6,
72,
5169,
43,
11173,
12,
2785,
21,
23780,
53,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
3,
663,
7,
8224,
5,
37,
23086,
10504,
2130,
165,
331,
1232,
57,
3,
3232,
151,
12,
1044,
18,
4215,
4921,
38,
72,
145,
80,
11655,
485,
5,
886,
11655,
1637,
33,
4376,
81,
8,
1055,
1827,
11,
1456,
1951,
6,
38,
2822,
2927,
12,
20160,
365,
3473,
15,
26,
1637,
65,
6002,
15,
26,
30,
23086,
331,
5,
2150,
12,
8,
23086,
10504,
6,
38,
13,
4407,
6,
147,
489,
2712,
13,
66,
3850,
5452,
141,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
3,
663,
7,
9000,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
29443,
21,
16096,
19,
261,
16,
8,
1499,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"By 1990, the Census Bureau included more than a dozen ethnic/racial categories on the census, reflecting not only changing social ideas about ethnicity, but the wide variety of immigrants who had come to reside in the United States due to changing historical forces and new immigration laws in the 1960s. With a changing society, more citizens have begun to press for acknowledging multiracial ancestry. The Census Bureau changed its data collection by allowing people to self-identify as more than one ethnicity. Some ethnic groups are concerned about the potential political and economic effects, as federal assistance to historically underserved groups has depended on Census data. According to the Census Bureau, as of 2002, over 75% of all African Americans had multiracial ancestries.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What synonym for immigrants is used in the text? | [
5169,
1
] |
citizens
|
[
9246,
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Given the following passage
"By 1990, the Census Bureau included more than a dozen ethnic/racial categories on the census, reflecting not only changing social ideas about ethnicity, but the wide variety of immigrants who had come to reside in the United States due to changing historical forces and new immigration laws in the 1960s. With a changing society, more citizens have begun to press for acknowledging multiracial ancestry. The Census Bureau changed its data collection by allowing people to self-identify as more than one ethnicity. Some ethnic groups are concerned about the potential political and economic effects, as federal assistance to historically underserved groups has depended on Census data. According to the Census Bureau, as of 2002, over 75% of all African Americans had multiracial ancestries.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What does multiracial ancestry mean? | [
3,
3232,
151,
12,
1044,
18,
4215,
4921,
38,
72,
145,
80,
11655,
485,
1
] |
allowing people to self-identify as more than one ethnicity
|
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25,
33,
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58
] |
Given the following passage
"By 1990, the Census Bureau included more than a dozen ethnic/racial categories on the census, reflecting not only changing social ideas about ethnicity, but the wide variety of immigrants who had come to reside in the United States due to changing historical forces and new immigration laws in the 1960s. With a changing society, more citizens have begun to press for acknowledging multiracial ancestry. The Census Bureau changed its data collection by allowing people to self-identify as more than one ethnicity. Some ethnic groups are concerned about the potential political and economic effects, as federal assistance to historically underserved groups has depended on Census data. According to the Census Bureau, as of 2002, over 75% of all African Americans had multiracial ancestries.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How many different ethnic categories can you select if you are multiracial? | [
72,
145,
80,
1
] |
more than one
|
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10,
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33,
3850,
5452,
3028,
16,
8,
1499,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"By 1990, the Census Bureau included more than a dozen ethnic/racial categories on the census, reflecting not only changing social ideas about ethnicity, but the wide variety of immigrants who had come to reside in the United States due to changing historical forces and new immigration laws in the 1960s. With a changing society, more citizens have begun to press for acknowledging multiracial ancestry. The Census Bureau changed its data collection by allowing people to self-identify as more than one ethnicity. Some ethnic groups are concerned about the potential political and economic effects, as federal assistance to historically underserved groups has depended on Census data. According to the Census Bureau, as of 2002, over 75% of all African Americans had multiracial ancestries.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How are African Americans described in the text? | [
20160,
365,
3473,
15,
26,
1
] |
historically underserved
|
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441,
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5,
11860,
10,
363,
130,
151,
6237,
581,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"After a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiracial people do not believe it is socially advantageous to try to "pass" as white. Diverse immigration has brought more mixed-race people into the United States, such as the large population of Hispanics identifying as mestizos. Since the 1980s, the United States has had a growing multiracial identity movement (cf. Loving Day). Because more Americans have insisted on being allowed to acknowledge their mixed racial origins, the 2000 census for the first time allowed residents to check more than one ethno-racial identity and thereby identify as multiracial. In 2008 Barack Obama was elected as the first multiracial President of the United States; he acknowledges both sides of his family and identifies as African American.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What were people fighting against? | [
3,
52,
9,
4703,
142,
18301,
257,
1
] |
racial segregation
|
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31,
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130,
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2666,
1167,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"After a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiracial people do not believe it is socially advantageous to try to "pass" as white. Diverse immigration has brought more mixed-race people into the United States, such as the large population of Hispanics identifying as mestizos. Since the 1980s, the United States has had a growing multiracial identity movement (cf. Loving Day). Because more Americans have insisted on being allowed to acknowledge their mixed racial origins, the 2000 census for the first time allowed residents to check more than one ethno-racial identity and thereby identify as multiracial. In 2008 Barack Obama was elected as the first multiracial President of the United States; he acknowledges both sides of his family and identifies as African American.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What was a dated action/mindset that non-white's were beginning to trump? | [
12,
653,
12,
96,
3968,
121,
38,
872,
1
] |
to try to "pass" as white
|
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58
] |
Given the following passage
"After a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiracial people do not believe it is socially advantageous to try to "pass" as white. Diverse immigration has brought more mixed-race people into the United States, such as the large population of Hispanics identifying as mestizos. Since the 1980s, the United States has had a growing multiracial identity movement (cf. Loving Day). Because more Americans have insisted on being allowed to acknowledge their mixed racial origins, the 2000 census for the first time allowed residents to check more than one ethno-racial identity and thereby identify as multiracial. In 2008 Barack Obama was elected as the first multiracial President of the United States; he acknowledges both sides of his family and identifies as African American.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How did the country begin to see people of different races? | [
22264,
7,
15,
10653,
1
] |
Diverse immigration
|
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34,
19,
569,
120,
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653,
12,
96,
3968,
121,
38,
872,
5,
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15,
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6,
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8,
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7,
3,
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38,
3,
51,
222,
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5,
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8,
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7,
6,
8,
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65,
141,
3,
9,
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52,
9,
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4810,
2426,
41,
75,
89,
5,
1815,
3745,
1430,
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2070,
72,
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16,
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30,
271,
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70,
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52,
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7,
6,
8,
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23087,
21,
8,
166,
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2225,
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72,
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80,
31065,
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52,
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11,
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38,
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52,
9,
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5,
86,
2628,
20653,
4534,
47,
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38,
8,
166,
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52,
9,
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13,
8,
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117,
3,
88,
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7,
321,
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13,
112,
384,
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3,
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38,
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6,
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8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
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441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
366,
47,
1249,
18,
3738,
23,
6835,
2031,
16974,
30,
1040,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"After a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiracial people do not believe it is socially advantageous to try to "pass" as white. Diverse immigration has brought more mixed-race people into the United States, such as the large population of Hispanics identifying as mestizos. Since the 1980s, the United States has had a growing multiracial identity movement (cf. Loving Day). Because more Americans have insisted on being allowed to acknowledge their mixed racial origins, the 2000 census for the first time allowed residents to check more than one ethno-racial identity and thereby identify as multiracial. In 2008 Barack Obama was elected as the first multiracial President of the United States; he acknowledges both sides of his family and identifies as African American.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: When was multi-racialism finally acknowledged on paper? | [
8,
2766,
23087,
1
] |
the 2000 census
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
23901,
3,
9,
17574,
1059,
13,
4727,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
142,
18301,
257,
16,
8,
1798,
1193,
16812,
4710,
826,
8,
419,
26471,
848,
9,
6,
11,
4514,
7,
30,
16,
12829,
4703,
5281,
16,
796,
1467,
13,
8,
684,
6,
72,
151,
33,
539,
120,
3,
10454,
16,
12829,
4703,
7021,
7,
5,
86,
811,
6,
569,
1124,
43,
2130,
11,
186,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
151,
103,
59,
857,
34,
19,
569,
120,
28307,
12,
653,
12,
96,
3968,
121,
38,
872,
5,
22264,
7,
15,
10653,
65,
1940,
72,
4838,
18,
12614,
151,
139,
8,
907,
1323,
6,
224,
38,
8,
508,
2074,
13,
978,
2837,
447,
7,
3,
9690,
38,
3,
51,
222,
14406,
7,
5,
1541,
8,
6694,
7,
6,
8,
907,
1323,
65,
141,
3,
9,
1710,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
4810,
2426,
41,
75,
89,
5,
1815,
3745,
1430,
137,
2070,
72,
5452,
43,
16,
15777,
30,
271,
2225,
12,
8406,
70,
4838,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
5233,
7,
6,
8,
2766,
23087,
21,
8,
166,
97,
2225,
2797,
12,
691,
72,
145,
80,
31065,
18,
52,
9,
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4810,
11,
3,
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2862,
38,
1249,
52,
9,
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5,
86,
2628,
20653,
4534,
47,
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38,
8,
166,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
1661,
13,
8,
907,
1323,
117,
3,
88,
8406,
7,
321,
4458,
13,
112,
384,
11,
3,
8826,
7,
38,
3850,
797,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
366,
410,
8,
684,
217,
3,
9,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
2488,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"After a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiracial people do not believe it is socially advantageous to try to "pass" as white. Diverse immigration has brought more mixed-race people into the United States, such as the large population of Hispanics identifying as mestizos. Since the 1980s, the United States has had a growing multiracial identity movement (cf. Loving Day). Because more Americans have insisted on being allowed to acknowledge their mixed racial origins, the 2000 census for the first time allowed residents to check more than one ethno-racial identity and thereby identify as multiracial. In 2008 Barack Obama was elected as the first multiracial President of the United States; he acknowledges both sides of his family and identifies as African American.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: When did the country see a multiracial leader? | [
86,
2628,
1
] |
In 2008
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
797,
151,
33,
3323,
1249,
18,
15,
189,
2532,
28962,
13,
796,
2779,
120,
6746,
256,
12549,
17,
1637,
6,
186,
13,
84,
43,
230,
1597,
9352,
5,
886,
1099,
1452,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
6,
298,
23780,
53,
1964,
38,
3,
9,
569,
6774,
5,
5895,
32,
40,
1707,
6,
38,
7,
4133,
6105,
11,
5660,
43,
118,
6168,
2842,
5,
37,
3850,
18,
8778,
7707,
10226,
19954,
2863,
3769,
104,
26937,
13520,
11,
119,
569,
9780,
437,
8,
2076,
18,
17,
16103,
23,
15,
189,
2646,
1279,
12,
1984,
569,
4831,
11,
4081,
7961,
13,
3095,
2166,
365,
8,
17668,
21,
66,
11655,
2197,
5,
86,
8,
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7,
6,
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5,
86,
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6,
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3,
52,
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3,
663,
7,
8224,
19,
78,
623,
223,
16,
46,
928,
31,
7,
384,
892,
41,
1161,
3421,
6,
274,
8,
7707,
1602,
42,
2283,
201,
24,
34,
405,
59,
2603,
72,
1100,
11655,
11,
2779,
10356,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
9780,
2139,
66,
10879,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The American people are mostly multi-ethnic descendants of various culturally distinct immigrant groups, many of which have now developed nations. Some consider themselves multiracial, while acknowledging race as a social construct. Creolization, assimilation and integration have been continuing processes. The African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968) and other social movements since the mid-twentieth century worked to achieve social justice and equal enforcement of civil rights under the constitution for all ethnicities. In the 2000s, less than 5% of the population identified as multiracial. In many instances, mixed racial ancestry is so far back in an individual's family history (for instance, before the Civil War or earlier), that it does not affect more recent ethnic and cultural identification.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What movements helped all races? | [
569,
9780,
1
] |
social movements
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
797,
151,
33,
3323,
1249,
18,
15,
189,
2532,
28962,
13,
796,
2779,
120,
6746,
256,
12549,
17,
1637,
6,
186,
13,
84,
43,
230,
1597,
9352,
5,
886,
1099,
1452,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
6,
298,
23780,
53,
1964,
38,
3,
9,
569,
6774,
5,
5895,
32,
40,
1707,
6,
38,
7,
4133,
6105,
11,
5660,
43,
118,
6168,
2842,
5,
37,
3850,
18,
8778,
7707,
10226,
19954,
2863,
3769,
104,
26937,
13520,
11,
119,
569,
9780,
437,
8,
2076,
18,
17,
16103,
23,
15,
189,
2646,
1279,
12,
1984,
569,
4831,
11,
4081,
7961,
13,
3095,
2166,
365,
8,
17668,
21,
66,
11655,
2197,
5,
86,
8,
2766,
7,
6,
705,
145,
3,
2712,
13,
8,
2074,
4313,
38,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
5,
86,
186,
10316,
6,
4838,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
3,
663,
7,
8224,
19,
78,
623,
223,
16,
46,
928,
31,
7,
384,
892,
41,
1161,
3421,
6,
274,
8,
7707,
1602,
42,
2283,
201,
24,
34,
405,
59,
2603,
72,
1100,
11655,
11,
2779,
10356,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
773,
13,
151,
764,
12,
1371,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The American people are mostly multi-ethnic descendants of various culturally distinct immigrant groups, many of which have now developed nations. Some consider themselves multiracial, while acknowledging race as a social construct. Creolization, assimilation and integration have been continuing processes. The African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968) and other social movements since the mid-twentieth century worked to achieve social justice and equal enforcement of civil rights under the constitution for all ethnicities. In the 2000s, less than 5% of the population identified as multiracial. In many instances, mixed racial ancestry is so far back in an individual's family history (for instance, before the Civil War or earlier), that it does not affect more recent ethnic and cultural identification.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What kind of people came to America? | [
256,
12549,
17,
1
] |
immigrant
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
797,
151,
33,
3323,
1249,
18,
15,
189,
2532,
28962,
13,
796,
2779,
120,
6746,
256,
12549,
17,
1637,
6,
186,
13,
84,
43,
230,
1597,
9352,
5,
886,
1099,
1452,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
6,
298,
23780,
53,
1964,
38,
3,
9,
569,
6774,
5,
5895,
32,
40,
1707,
6,
38,
7,
4133,
6105,
11,
5660,
43,
118,
6168,
2842,
5,
37,
3850,
18,
8778,
7707,
10226,
19954,
2863,
3769,
104,
26937,
13520,
11,
119,
569,
9780,
437,
8,
2076,
18,
17,
16103,
23,
15,
189,
2646,
1279,
12,
1984,
569,
4831,
11,
4081,
7961,
13,
3095,
2166,
365,
8,
17668,
21,
66,
11655,
2197,
5,
86,
8,
2766,
7,
6,
705,
145,
3,
2712,
13,
8,
2074,
4313,
38,
1249,
52,
9,
4703,
5,
86,
186,
10316,
6,
4838,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
3,
663,
7,
8224,
19,
78,
623,
223,
16,
46,
928,
31,
7,
384,
892,
41,
1161,
3421,
6,
274,
8,
7707,
1602,
42,
2283,
201,
24,
34,
405,
59,
2603,
72,
1100,
11655,
11,
2779,
10356,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
186,
10211,
7,
1099,
1452,
12,
43,
72,
145,
80,
1964,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The American people are mostly multi-ethnic descendants of various culturally distinct immigrant groups, many of which have now developed nations. Some consider themselves multiracial, while acknowledging race as a social construct. Creolization, assimilation and integration have been continuing processes. The African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968) and other social movements since the mid-twentieth century worked to achieve social justice and equal enforcement of civil rights under the constitution for all ethnicities. In the 2000s, less than 5% of the population identified as multiracial. In many instances, mixed racial ancestry is so far back in an individual's family history (for instance, before the Civil War or earlier), that it does not affect more recent ethnic and cultural identification.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How many americans consider themselves to have more than one race? | [
705,
145,
3,
2712,
1
] |
less than 5%
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
3541,
4477,
15,
1076,
5136,
8,
907,
1323,
38,
5347,
277,
6,
3,
5325,
30,
8,
1244,
5458,
11,
16,
8282,
23995,
5,
6851,
8,
419,
26471,
3,
1498,
6,
38,
1001,
7,
356,
95,
2547,
16537,
6,
872,
1475,
277,
17376,
2830,
5347,
277,
12,
11132,
70,
174,
21,
5347,
5,
86,
507,
4613,
6,
8,
2830,
1881,
11593,
1983,
47,
2804,
6,
11,
2830,
2765,
113,
3260,
12,
1049,
16,
8,
412,
5,
134,
5,
130,
3,
6319,
12,
43,
70,
28908,
1715,
135,
5,
86,
8,
1013,
6,
128,
2830,
4464,
139,
8,
1001,
11,
3,
4115,
144,
235,
2597,
6,
38,
2389,
9192,
257,
3679,
79,
410,
59,
240,
872,
9911,
7,
5,
328,
7313,
646,
464,
38,
5347,
277,
6,
11,
356,
95,
28472,
16,
422,
11228,
1019,
8,
1013,
5,
328,
1279,
12,
129,
70,
502,
7226,
26,
11,
569,
120,
1156,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
294,
13,
8,
837,
410,
2830,
1076,
8955,
16,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Chinese men entered the United States as laborers, primarily on the West Coast and in western territories. Following the Reconstruction era, as blacks set up independent farms, white planters imported Chinese laborers to satisfy their need for labor. In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed, and Chinese workers who chose to stay in the U.S. were unable to have their wives join them. In the South, some Chinese married into the black and mulatto communities, as generally discrimination meant they did not take white spouses. They rapidly left working as laborers, and set up groceries in small towns throughout the South. They worked to get their children educated and socially mobile.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What part of the US did Chinese men settle in? | [
1244,
5458,
1
] |
West Coast
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
3541,
4477,
15,
1076,
5136,
8,
907,
1323,
38,
5347,
277,
6,
3,
5325,
30,
8,
1244,
5458,
11,
16,
8282,
23995,
5,
6851,
8,
419,
26471,
3,
1498,
6,
38,
1001,
7,
356,
95,
2547,
16537,
6,
872,
1475,
277,
17376,
2830,
5347,
277,
12,
11132,
70,
174,
21,
5347,
5,
86,
507,
4613,
6,
8,
2830,
1881,
11593,
1983,
47,
2804,
6,
11,
2830,
2765,
113,
3260,
12,
1049,
16,
8,
412,
5,
134,
5,
130,
3,
6319,
12,
43,
70,
28908,
1715,
135,
5,
86,
8,
1013,
6,
128,
2830,
4464,
139,
8,
1001,
11,
3,
4115,
144,
235,
2597,
6,
38,
2389,
9192,
257,
3679,
79,
410,
59,
240,
872,
9911,
7,
5,
328,
7313,
646,
464,
38,
5347,
277,
6,
11,
356,
95,
28472,
16,
422,
11228,
1019,
8,
1013,
5,
328,
1279,
12,
129,
70,
502,
7226,
26,
11,
569,
120,
1156,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
1615,
2654,
31,
17,
2830,
1076,
830,
70,
28908,
12,
8,
837,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Chinese men entered the United States as laborers, primarily on the West Coast and in western territories. Following the Reconstruction era, as blacks set up independent farms, white planters imported Chinese laborers to satisfy their need for labor. In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed, and Chinese workers who chose to stay in the U.S. were unable to have their wives join them. In the South, some Chinese married into the black and mulatto communities, as generally discrimination meant they did not take white spouses. They rapidly left working as laborers, and set up groceries in small towns throughout the South. They worked to get their children educated and socially mobile.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Why couldn't Chinese men bring their wives to the US? | [
8,
2830,
1881,
11593,
1983,
1
] |
the Chinese Exclusion Act
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
3541,
4477,
15,
1076,
5136,
8,
907,
1323,
38,
5347,
277,
6,
3,
5325,
30,
8,
1244,
5458,
11,
16,
8282,
23995,
5,
6851,
8,
419,
26471,
3,
1498,
6,
38,
1001,
7,
356,
95,
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8,
1499,
5,
11860,
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571,
410,
419,
26471,
2603,
2830,
1076,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Chinese men entered the United States as laborers, primarily on the West Coast and in western territories. Following the Reconstruction era, as blacks set up independent farms, white planters imported Chinese laborers to satisfy their need for labor. In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed, and Chinese workers who chose to stay in the U.S. were unable to have their wives join them. In the South, some Chinese married into the black and mulatto communities, as generally discrimination meant they did not take white spouses. They rapidly left working as laborers, and set up groceries in small towns throughout the South. They worked to get their children educated and socially mobile.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How did Reconstruction affect Chinese men? | [
872,
1475,
277,
17376,
2830,
5347,
277,
12,
11132,
70,
174,
21,
5347,
1
] |
white planters imported Chinese laborers to satisfy their need for labor
|
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103,
38,
3,
9,
741,
13,
59,
271,
3,
179,
12,
830,
70,
28908,
147,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Chinese men entered the United States as laborers, primarily on the West Coast and in western territories. Following the Reconstruction era, as blacks set up independent farms, white planters imported Chinese laborers to satisfy their need for labor. In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed, and Chinese workers who chose to stay in the U.S. were unable to have their wives join them. In the South, some Chinese married into the black and mulatto communities, as generally discrimination meant they did not take white spouses. They rapidly left working as laborers, and set up groceries in small towns throughout the South. They worked to get their children educated and socially mobile.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What did Chinese men do as a result of not being able to bring their wives over? | [
128,
2830,
4464,
139,
8,
1001,
11,
3,
4115,
144,
235,
2597,
1
] |
some Chinese married into the black and mulatto communities
|
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3,
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10,
363,
410,
2830,
151,
103,
728,
79,
356,
95,
5391,
16,
8,
1013,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Chinese men entered the United States as laborers, primarily on the West Coast and in western territories. Following the Reconstruction era, as blacks set up independent farms, white planters imported Chinese laborers to satisfy their need for labor. In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed, and Chinese workers who chose to stay in the U.S. were unable to have their wives join them. In the South, some Chinese married into the black and mulatto communities, as generally discrimination meant they did not take white spouses. They rapidly left working as laborers, and set up groceries in small towns throughout the South. They worked to get their children educated and socially mobile.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What did Chinese people do once they set up shops in the South? | [
1279,
12,
129,
70,
502,
7226,
26,
11,
569,
120,
1156,
1
] |
worked to get their children educated and socially mobile
|
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7,
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57,
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14430,
7,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"European colonists created treaties with Indigenous American tribes requesting the return of any runaway slaves. For example, in 1726, the British governor of New York exacted a promise from the Iroquois to return all runaway slaves who had joined them. This same promise was extracted from the Huron Nation in 1764, and from the Delaware Nation in 1765, though there is no record of slaves ever being returned. Numerous advertisements requested the return of African Americans who had married Indigenous Americans or who spoke an Indigenous American language. The primary exposure that Africans and Indigenous Americans had to each other came through the institution of slavery. Indigenous Americans learned that Africans had what Indigenous Americans considered 'Great Medicine' in their bodies because Africans were virtually immune to the Old-World diseases that were decimating most native populations. Because of this, many tribes encouraged marriage between the two groups, to create stronger, healthier children from the unions.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How many slaves were returned by Indigenous American tribes? | [
150,
1368,
13,
15484,
7,
664,
271,
3666,
1
] |
no record of slaves ever being returned
|
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8,
826,
5454,
96,
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725,
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3,
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13,
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5,
242,
677,
6,
16,
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2688,
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8,
2390,
13062,
13,
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2883,
15,
26,
3,
9,
5712,
45,
8,
27,
52,
32,
14460,
159,
12,
1205,
66,
661,
8006,
15484,
7,
113,
141,
3311,
135,
5,
100,
337,
5712,
47,
21527,
45,
8,
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106,
11046,
16,
1003,
4389,
6,
11,
45,
8,
19722,
11046,
16,
1003,
4122,
6,
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19,
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7,
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5,
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24,
8,
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19,
915,
441,
8,
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5,
11860,
10,
571,
410,
3850,
7,
11,
25026,
5452,
129,
12,
214,
284,
119,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"European colonists created treaties with Indigenous American tribes requesting the return of any runaway slaves. For example, in 1726, the British governor of New York exacted a promise from the Iroquois to return all runaway slaves who had joined them. This same promise was extracted from the Huron Nation in 1764, and from the Delaware Nation in 1765, though there is no record of slaves ever being returned. Numerous advertisements requested the return of African Americans who had married Indigenous Americans or who spoke an Indigenous American language. The primary exposure that Africans and Indigenous Americans had to each other came through the institution of slavery. Indigenous Americans learned that Africans had what Indigenous Americans considered 'Great Medicine' in their bodies because Africans were virtually immune to the Old-World diseases that were decimating most native populations. Because of this, many tribes encouraged marriage between the two groups, to create stronger, healthier children from the unions.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How did Africans and Indigenous Americans get to know each other? | [
25686,
1
] |
slavery
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
11351,
152,
6718,
343,
7,
990,
2665,
725,
28,
25026,
797,
14430,
7,
3,
22686,
8,
1205,
13,
136,
661,
8006,
15484,
7,
5,
242,
677,
6,
16,
1003,
2688,
6,
8,
2390,
13062,
13,
368,
1060,
2883,
15,
26,
3,
9,
5712,
45,
8,
27,
52,
32,
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159,
12,
1205,
66,
661,
8006,
15484,
7,
113,
141,
3311,
135,
5,
100,
337,
5712,
47,
21527,
45,
8,
13268,
106,
11046,
16,
1003,
4389,
6,
11,
45,
8,
19722,
11046,
16,
1003,
4122,
6,
713,
132,
19,
150,
1368,
13,
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7,
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271,
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10,
571,
410,
3850,
7,
11,
25026,
5452,
129,
669,
81,
284,
119,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"European colonists created treaties with Indigenous American tribes requesting the return of any runaway slaves. For example, in 1726, the British governor of New York exacted a promise from the Iroquois to return all runaway slaves who had joined them. This same promise was extracted from the Huron Nation in 1764, and from the Delaware Nation in 1765, though there is no record of slaves ever being returned. Numerous advertisements requested the return of African Americans who had married Indigenous Americans or who spoke an Indigenous American language. The primary exposure that Africans and Indigenous Americans had to each other came through the institution of slavery. Indigenous Americans learned that Africans had what Indigenous Americans considered 'Great Medicine' in their bodies because Africans were virtually immune to the Old-World diseases that were decimating most native populations. Because of this, many tribes encouraged marriage between the two groups, to create stronger, healthier children from the unions.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How did Africans and Indigenous Americans get learn about each other? | [
25686,
1
] |
slavery
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
11351,
152,
6718,
343,
7,
990,
2665,
725,
28,
25026,
797,
14430,
7,
3,
22686,
8,
1205,
13,
136,
661,
8006,
15484,
7,
5,
242,
677,
6,
16,
1003,
2688,
6,
8,
2390,
13062,
13,
368,
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2883,
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26,
3,
9,
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45,
8,
27,
52,
32,
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159,
12,
1205,
66,
661,
8006,
15484,
7,
113,
141,
3311,
135,
5,
100,
337,
5712,
47,
21527,
45,
8,
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106,
11046,
16,
1003,
4389,
6,
11,
45,
8,
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11046,
16,
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6,
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19,
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13,
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7,
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12,
284,
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8,
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13,
25686,
5,
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2525,
24,
3850,
7,
141,
125,
25026,
5452,
1702,
3,
31,
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6852,
31,
16,
70,
5678,
250,
3850,
7,
130,
9114,
9392,
12,
8,
3525,
18,
17954,
6716,
24,
130,
7908,
51,
1014,
167,
4262,
11683,
5,
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13,
48,
6,
186,
14430,
7,
6470,
5281,
344,
8,
192,
1637,
6,
12,
482,
6879,
6,
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502,
45,
8,
7021,
7,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
410,
25026,
5452,
253,
16,
3850,
7,
24,
263,
135,
241,
12,
2454,
5281,
344,
284,
119,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"European colonists created treaties with Indigenous American tribes requesting the return of any runaway slaves. For example, in 1726, the British governor of New York exacted a promise from the Iroquois to return all runaway slaves who had joined them. This same promise was extracted from the Huron Nation in 1764, and from the Delaware Nation in 1765, though there is no record of slaves ever being returned. Numerous advertisements requested the return of African Americans who had married Indigenous Americans or who spoke an Indigenous American language. The primary exposure that Africans and Indigenous Americans had to each other came through the institution of slavery. Indigenous Americans learned that Africans had what Indigenous Americans considered 'Great Medicine' in their bodies because Africans were virtually immune to the Old-World diseases that were decimating most native populations. Because of this, many tribes encouraged marriage between the two groups, to create stronger, healthier children from the unions.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What did Indigenous Americans find in Africans that made them want to encourage marriage between each other? | [
3850,
7,
130,
9114,
9392,
12,
8,
3525,
18,
17954,
6716,
1
] |
Africans were virtually immune to the Old-World diseases
|
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5,
11860,
10,
571,
410,
3850,
7,
11,
25026,
5452,
129,
78,
885,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"European colonists created treaties with Indigenous American tribes requesting the return of any runaway slaves. For example, in 1726, the British governor of New York exacted a promise from the Iroquois to return all runaway slaves who had joined them. This same promise was extracted from the Huron Nation in 1764, and from the Delaware Nation in 1765, though there is no record of slaves ever being returned. Numerous advertisements requested the return of African Americans who had married Indigenous Americans or who spoke an Indigenous American language. The primary exposure that Africans and Indigenous Americans had to each other came through the institution of slavery. Indigenous Americans learned that Africans had what Indigenous Americans considered 'Great Medicine' in their bodies because Africans were virtually immune to the Old-World diseases that were decimating most native populations. Because of this, many tribes encouraged marriage between the two groups, to create stronger, healthier children from the unions.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How did Africans and Indigenous Americans get so close? | [
25686,
1
] |
slavery
|
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792,
13799,
24,
8,
4151,
18251,
26,
5205,
7,
7866,
2054,
5936,
7,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The Canadian Armed Forces have a total reserve force of approximately 50,000 primary and supplementary that can be called upon in times of national emergency or threat. For the components and sub-components of the Canadian Armed Forces Reserve Force, the order of precedence follows:",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What are the total ranks that the Canadian Armed Forces reserve force employs? | [
3,
9286,
1
] |
50,000
|
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10,
37,
4151,
7866,
2054,
19,
5679,
139,
84,
1308,
13,
3859,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The Canadian Armed Forces have a total reserve force of approximately 50,000 primary and supplementary that can be called upon in times of national emergency or threat. For the components and sub-components of the Canadian Armed Forces Reserve Force, the order of precedence follows:",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: The Canadian reserve force is split into which types of forces? | [
2329,
11,
3,
31505,
1
] |
primary and supplementary
|
[
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8,
826,
5454,
96,
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10,
363,
19,
8,
2314,
2233,
787,
12,
1894,
31,
7,
7866,
2054,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The Canadian Armed Forces have a total reserve force of approximately 50,000 primary and supplementary that can be called upon in times of national emergency or threat. For the components and sub-components of the Canadian Armed Forces Reserve Force, the order of precedence follows:",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the official title given to Canada's reserve force? | [
4151,
18251,
26,
5205,
7,
9473,
5205,
1
] |
Canadian Armed Forces Reserve Force
|
[
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8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
4151,
18251,
26,
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7,
43,
3,
9,
792,
7866,
2054,
13,
3241,
3,
9286,
2329,
11,
3,
31505,
24,
54,
36,
718,
1286,
16,
648,
13,
1157,
3583,
42,
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5,
242,
8,
3379,
11,
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18,
287,
9977,
7,
13,
8,
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26,
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7,
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6,
8,
455,
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8,
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5,
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8,
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8,
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5,
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10,
363,
19,
8,
564,
13,
8,
6421,
365,
84,
1894,
31,
7,
7866,
2054,
7250,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The Canadian Armed Forces have a total reserve force of approximately 50,000 primary and supplementary that can be called upon in times of national emergency or threat. For the components and sub-components of the Canadian Armed Forces Reserve Force, the order of precedence follows:",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the name of the branch under which Canada's reserve force falls? | [
4151,
18251,
26,
5205,
7,
1
] |
Canadian Armed Forces
|
[
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11860,
10,
363,
54,
9,
8603,
2716,
1291,
19,
5172,
16,
48,
5454,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Canadian defence policy today is based on the Canada First Defence Strategy, introduced in 2008. Based on that strategy, the Canadian military is oriented and being equipped to carry out six core missions within Canada, in North America and globally. Specifically, the Canadian Armed Forces are tasked with having the capacity to:",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What canadian military policy is discussed in this passage? | [
13613,
1291,
1
] |
defence policy
|
[
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8,
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24,
8,
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19,
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8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
23303,
19,
8,
4151,
1485,
24296,
15605,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Canadian defence policy today is based on the Canada First Defence Strategy, introduced in 2008. Based on that strategy, the Canadian military is oriented and being equipped to carry out six core missions within Canada, in North America and globally. Specifically, the Canadian Armed Forces are tasked with having the capacity to:",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How expansive is the Canadian First Defence Strategy? | [
2614,
1
] |
capacity
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
14050,
9,
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13613,
1291,
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19,
3,
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30,
8,
1894,
1485,
24296,
15605,
6,
3665,
16,
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6719,
30,
24,
1998,
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8,
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2716,
19,
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11,
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8,
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5,
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24,
8,
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19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
97,
4267,
32,
26,
19,
2799,
16,
8,
5454,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Canadian defence policy today is based on the Canada First Defence Strategy, introduced in 2008. Based on that strategy, the Canadian military is oriented and being equipped to carry out six core missions within Canada, in North America and globally. Specifically, the Canadian Armed Forces are tasked with having the capacity to:",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What timeperiod is mentioned in the passage? | [
2628,
1
] |
2008
|
[
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24,
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19,
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441,
8,
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5,
11860,
10,
304,
125,
4149,
13,
8,
4151,
3141,
405,
48,
5454,
29580,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Canadian defence policy today is based on the Canada First Defence Strategy, introduced in 2008. Based on that strategy, the Canadian military is oriented and being equipped to carry out six core missions within Canada, in North America and globally. Specifically, the Canadian Armed Forces are tasked with having the capacity to:",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: To what portion of the Canadian Government does this passage pertain? | [
2716,
1
] |
military
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
14050,
9,
8603,
13613,
1291,
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19,
3,
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30,
8,
1894,
1485,
24296,
15605,
6,
3665,
16,
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6719,
30,
24,
1998,
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8,
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2716,
19,
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11,
271,
5005,
12,
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91,
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33,
3,
17,
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12,
10,
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1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
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24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
19,
8,
4151,
17190,
271,
2657,
12,
942,
48,
2253,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Canadian defence policy today is based on the Canada First Defence Strategy, introduced in 2008. Based on that strategy, the Canadian military is oriented and being equipped to carry out six core missions within Canada, in North America and globally. Specifically, the Canadian Armed Forces are tasked with having the capacity to:",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How is the Canadian Military being prepared to meet this mission? | [
271,
5005,
1
] |
being equipped
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
8212,
6,
8,
17116,
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13,
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3,
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896,
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2579,
80,
19299,
17,
284,
13,
768,
7613,
63,
6,
2939,
1211,
6,
11,
4719,
8702,
6,
386,
3795,
1947,
2865,
13,
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651,
41,
1748,
2643,
26,
16,
8,
2390,
2934,
201,
80,
3795,
17,
9,
7325,
21,
15226,
6,
3,
9,
12025,
52,
106,
21,
13767,
87,
6732,
5405,
6,
11,
633,
2755,
380,
2371,
5,
71,
24200,
16352,
12025,
52,
106,
11,
3,
9,
1057,
25102,
33,
576,
18,
5133,
920,
28,
284,
6397,
12581,
221,
6,
68,
103,
59,
607,
294,
13,
8,
6397,
12581,
221,
31,
7,
4106,
1809,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
37,
30154,
1531,
2817,
213,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Currently, the Regular Force component of the Army consists of three field-ready brigade groups: 1 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group, at CFB Edmonton and CFB Shilo; 2 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group, at CFB Petawawa and CFB Gagetown; and 5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group, at CFB Valcartier and Quebec City. Each contains one regiment each of artillery, armour, and combat engineers, three battalions of infantry (all scaled in the British fashion), one battalion for logistics, a squadron for headquarters/signals, and several smaller support organizations. A tactical helicopter squadron and a field ambulance are co-located with each brigade, but do not form part of the brigade's command structure.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: The Brigade Group happened where? | [
44,
205,
15586,
3833,
1720,
3276,
11,
22649,
896,
1
] |
at CFB Valcartier and Quebec City
|