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Given the following passage
"CDs are susceptible to damage during handling and from environmental exposure. Pits are much closer to the label side of a disc, enabling defects and contaminants on the clear side to be out of focus during playback. Consequently, CDs are more likely to suffer damage on the label side of the disc. Scratches on the clear side can be repaired by refilling them with similar refractive plastic or by careful polishing. The edges of CDs are sometimes incompletely sealed, allowing gases and liquids to corrode the metal reflective layer and to interfere with the focus of the laser on the pits. The fungus Geotrichum candidum, found in Belize, has been found to consume the polycarbonate plastic and aluminium found in CDs.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How could water damage a CD specifically? | [
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] |
gases and liquids to corrode the metal reflective layer and to interfere with the focus of the laser on the pits
|
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Given the following passage
"CDs are susceptible to damage during handling and from environmental exposure. Pits are much closer to the label side of a disc, enabling defects and contaminants on the clear side to be out of focus during playback. Consequently, CDs are more likely to suffer damage on the label side of the disc. Scratches on the clear side can be repaired by refilling them with similar refractive plastic or by careful polishing. The edges of CDs are sometimes incompletely sealed, allowing gases and liquids to corrode the metal reflective layer and to interfere with the focus of the laser on the pits. The fungus Geotrichum candidum, found in Belize, has been found to consume the polycarbonate plastic and aluminium found in CDs.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How might steam damage a CD? | [
37,
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13,
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33,
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19840,
120,
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1
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The edges of CDs are sometimes incompletely sealed
|
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Given the following passage
"CDs are susceptible to damage during handling and from environmental exposure. Pits are much closer to the label side of a disc, enabling defects and contaminants on the clear side to be out of focus during playback. Consequently, CDs are more likely to suffer damage on the label side of the disc. Scratches on the clear side can be repaired by refilling them with similar refractive plastic or by careful polishing. The edges of CDs are sometimes incompletely sealed, allowing gases and liquids to corrode the metal reflective layer and to interfere with the focus of the laser on the pits. The fungus Geotrichum candidum, found in Belize, has been found to consume the polycarbonate plastic and aluminium found in CDs.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which part of the disc must be kept safest? | [
3783,
596,
13,
3,
9,
5025,
1
] |
label side of a disc
|
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Given the following passage
"CDs are susceptible to damage during handling and from environmental exposure. Pits are much closer to the label side of a disc, enabling defects and contaminants on the clear side to be out of focus during playback. Consequently, CDs are more likely to suffer damage on the label side of the disc. Scratches on the clear side can be repaired by refilling them with similar refractive plastic or by careful polishing. The edges of CDs are sometimes incompletely sealed, allowing gases and liquids to corrode the metal reflective layer and to interfere with the focus of the laser on the pits. The fungus Geotrichum candidum, found in Belize, has been found to consume the polycarbonate plastic and aluminium found in CDs.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Why would you rather damage the non label side of a CD? | [
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] |
Scratches on the clear side can be repaired by refilling them with similar refractive plastic or by careful polishing
|
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Given the following passage
"CDs are susceptible to damage during handling and from environmental exposure. Pits are much closer to the label side of a disc, enabling defects and contaminants on the clear side to be out of focus during playback. Consequently, CDs are more likely to suffer damage on the label side of the disc. Scratches on the clear side can be repaired by refilling them with similar refractive plastic or by careful polishing. The edges of CDs are sometimes incompletely sealed, allowing gases and liquids to corrode the metal reflective layer and to interfere with the focus of the laser on the pits. The fungus Geotrichum candidum, found in Belize, has been found to consume the polycarbonate plastic and aluminium found in CDs.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What can "eat" CDs? | [
10107,
3929,
4884,
16621,
440,
1
] |
Geotrichum candidum
|
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Given the following passage
"The Japanese launch was followed in March 1983 by the introduction of CD players and discs to Europe and North America (where CBS Records released sixteen titles). This event is often seen as the "Big Bang" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especially in the early-adopting classical music and audiophile communities, and its handling quality received particular praise. As the price of players gradually came down, and with the introduction of the portable Walkman the CD began to gain popularity in the larger popular and rock music markets. The first artist to sell a million copies on CD was Dire Straits, with their 1985 album Brothers in Arms. The first major artist to have his entire catalogue converted to CD was David Bowie, whose 15 studio albums were made available by RCA Records in February 1985, along with four greatest hits albums. In 1988, 400 million CDs were manufactured by 50 pressing plants around the world.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Who made the first CD players? | [
37,
4318,
1
] |
The Japanese
|
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] |
Given the following passage
"The Japanese launch was followed in March 1983 by the introduction of CD players and discs to Europe and North America (where CBS Records released sixteen titles). This event is often seen as the "Big Bang" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especially in the early-adopting classical music and audiophile communities, and its handling quality received particular praise. As the price of players gradually came down, and with the introduction of the portable Walkman the CD began to gain popularity in the larger popular and rock music markets. The first artist to sell a million copies on CD was Dire Straits, with their 1985 album Brothers in Arms. The first major artist to have his entire catalogue converted to CD was David Bowie, whose 15 studio albums were made available by RCA Records in February 1985, along with four greatest hits albums. In 1988, 400 million CDs were manufactured by 50 pressing plants around the world.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is a CD? | [
1125,
2931,
1
] |
digital audio
|
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363,
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2346,
87,
2032,
13,
3190,
7,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The Japanese launch was followed in March 1983 by the introduction of CD players and discs to Europe and North America (where CBS Records released sixteen titles). This event is often seen as the "Big Bang" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especially in the early-adopting classical music and audiophile communities, and its handling quality received particular praise. As the price of players gradually came down, and with the introduction of the portable Walkman the CD began to gain popularity in the larger popular and rock music markets. The first artist to sell a million copies on CD was Dire Straits, with their 1985 album Brothers in Arms. The first major artist to have his entire catalogue converted to CD was David Bowie, whose 15 studio albums were made available by RCA Records in February 1985, along with four greatest hits albums. In 1988, 400 million CDs were manufactured by 50 pressing plants around the world.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the shape/form of CDs? | [
5025,
7,
1
] |
discs
|
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778,
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1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
2681,
139,
3190,
1508,
12,
577,
723,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The Japanese launch was followed in March 1983 by the introduction of CD players and discs to Europe and North America (where CBS Records released sixteen titles). This event is often seen as the "Big Bang" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especially in the early-adopting classical music and audiophile communities, and its handling quality received particular praise. As the price of players gradually came down, and with the introduction of the portable Walkman the CD began to gain popularity in the larger popular and rock music markets. The first artist to sell a million copies on CD was Dire Straits, with their 1985 album Brothers in Arms. The first major artist to have his entire catalogue converted to CD was David Bowie, whose 15 studio albums were made available by RCA Records in February 1985, along with four greatest hits albums. In 1988, 400 million CDs were manufactured by 50 pressing plants around the world.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is placed into CD players to play music? | [
3190,
7,
1
] |
CDs
|
[
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8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
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3289,
47,
2348,
16,
1332,
15041,
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8,
5302,
13,
3190,
1508,
11,
5025,
7,
12,
1740,
11,
1117,
1371,
41,
8352,
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1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
773,
13,
779,
2377,
47,
1955,
1491,
6092,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The Japanese launch was followed in March 1983 by the introduction of CD players and discs to Europe and North America (where CBS Records released sixteen titles). This event is often seen as the "Big Bang" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especially in the early-adopting classical music and audiophile communities, and its handling quality received particular praise. As the price of players gradually came down, and with the introduction of the portable Walkman the CD began to gain popularity in the larger popular and rock music markets. The first artist to sell a million copies on CD was Dire Straits, with their 1985 album Brothers in Arms. The first major artist to have his entire catalogue converted to CD was David Bowie, whose 15 studio albums were made available by RCA Records in February 1985, along with four greatest hits albums. In 1988, 400 million CDs were manufactured by 50 pressing plants around the world.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What kind of major artist was David Bowie? | [
2480,
723,
1
] |
rock music
|
[
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10,
571,
54,
25,
20,
3389,
760,
331,
16,
8,
2214,
13,
3,
9,
3190,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"A CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser housed within the CD player, through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer. The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in the way the light is reflected. By measuring the intensity change with a photodiode, the data can be read from the disc. In order to accommodate the spiral pattern of data, the semiconductor laser is placed on a swing arm within the disc tray of any CD player. This swing arm allows the laser to read information from the centre to the edge of a disc, without having to interrupt the spinning of the disc itself.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How can you decipher data in the middle of a CD? | [
7180,
2939,
1
] |
swing arm
|
[
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8,
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5454,
96,
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19,
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57,
3,
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9,
489,
2079,
3,
29,
51,
28433,
41,
29,
2741,
16,
89,
11096,
26,
61,
23795,
6124,
629,
26,
441,
8,
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1959,
6,
190,
8,
2007,
13,
8,
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37,
483,
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344,
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7,
11,
3,
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772,
16,
3,
9,
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16,
8,
194,
8,
659,
19,
3,
12999,
5,
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28,
3,
9,
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26,
23,
32,
221,
6,
8,
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54,
36,
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8,
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5,
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3275,
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6,
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30,
3,
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3,
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12,
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13,
8,
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822,
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24,
8,
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19,
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441,
8,
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5,
11860,
10,
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30,
8,
812,
13,
8,
28433,
6,
125,
773,
13,
659,
19,
6171,
261,
16,
8,
23795,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"A CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser housed within the CD player, through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer. The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in the way the light is reflected. By measuring the intensity change with a photodiode, the data can be read from the disc. In order to accommodate the spiral pattern of data, the semiconductor laser is placed on a swing arm within the disc tray of any CD player. This swing arm allows the laser to read information from the centre to the edge of a disc, without having to interrupt the spinning of the disc itself.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Based on the size of the wavelength, what kind of light is basically used in the semiconductor? | [
16,
89,
11096,
26,
1
] |
infrared
|
[
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8,
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96,
188,
3190,
19,
608,
57,
3,
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3,
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489,
2079,
3,
29,
51,
28433,
41,
29,
2741,
16,
89,
11096,
26,
61,
23795,
6124,
629,
26,
441,
8,
3190,
1959,
6,
190,
8,
2007,
13,
8,
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342,
3760,
5,
37,
483,
16,
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344,
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7,
11,
3,
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772,
16,
3,
9,
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16,
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194,
8,
659,
19,
3,
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3,
9,
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23,
32,
221,
6,
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5,
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8,
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822,
5,
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24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
19,
8,
3,
4076,
4733,
13,
3,
2866,
7,
261,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"A CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser housed within the CD player, through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer. The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in the way the light is reflected. By measuring the intensity change with a photodiode, the data can be read from the disc. In order to accommodate the spiral pattern of data, the semiconductor laser is placed on a swing arm within the disc tray of any CD player. This swing arm allows the laser to read information from the centre to the edge of a disc, without having to interrupt the spinning of the disc itself.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How is the bouncing of rays used? | [
37,
483,
16,
3902,
344,
7688,
7,
11,
3,
6347,
772,
16,
3,
9,
1750,
16,
8,
194,
8,
659,
19,
3,
12999,
1
] |
The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in the way the light is reflected
|
[
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8,
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5454,
96,
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19,
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3,
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51,
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26,
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1959,
6,
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8,
2007,
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822,
5,
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24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
19,
8,
251,
5816,
30,
8,
5025,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"A CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser housed within the CD player, through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer. The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in the way the light is reflected. By measuring the intensity change with a photodiode, the data can be read from the disc. In order to accommodate the spiral pattern of data, the semiconductor laser is placed on a swing arm within the disc tray of any CD player. This swing arm allows the laser to read information from the centre to the edge of a disc, without having to interrupt the spinning of the disc itself.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How is the information stored on the disc? | [
17723,
3275,
1
] |
spiral pattern
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
3190,
19,
608,
57,
3,
7388,
3,
9,
489,
2079,
3,
29,
51,
28433,
41,
29,
2741,
16,
89,
11096,
26,
61,
23795,
6124,
629,
26,
441,
8,
3190,
1959,
6,
190,
8,
2007,
13,
8,
4251,
17089,
342,
3760,
5,
37,
483,
16,
3902,
344,
7688,
7,
11,
3,
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772,
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8,
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221,
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5,
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12,
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13,
331,
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30,
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441,
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13,
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3190,
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5,
100,
7180,
2939,
1250,
8,
6124,
12,
608,
251,
45,
8,
2050,
12,
8,
3023,
13,
3,
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5025,
6,
406,
578,
12,
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8,
21048,
13,
8,
5025,
1402,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
3,
8826,
7,
8,
306,
7,
11,
731,
7,
13,
8,
659,
2836,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"A CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser housed within the CD player, through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer. The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in the way the light is reflected. By measuring the intensity change with a photodiode, the data can be read from the disc. In order to accommodate the spiral pattern of data, the semiconductor laser is placed on a swing arm within the disc tray of any CD player. This swing arm allows the laser to read information from the centre to the edge of a disc, without having to interrupt the spinning of the disc itself.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What identifies the highs and lows of the light sources? | [
1202,
26,
23,
32,
221,
1
] |
photodiode
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
3845,
23,
2046,
32,
1823,
157,
17815,
51,
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6,
113,
1597,
46,
778,
1125,
2931,
1368,
49,
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3411,
31,
7,
1157,
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6878,
53,
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16,
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9,
4261,
18,
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1556,
97,
6,
8537,
6,
3076,
948,
3,
16223,
17222,
1080,
6,
898,
18,
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13080,
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11,
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18,
3870,
109,
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26,
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318,
9500,
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1126,
12,
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21,
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24333,
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1030,
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2931,
5025,
130,
2569,
383,
8,
3,
4056,
727,
71,
3205,
11347,
6,
1213,
30,
1179,
104,
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1332,
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6,
16,
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71,
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2931,
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44,
3,
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2785,
2542,
718,
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15432,
30600,
24333,
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121,
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26,
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35,
6,
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535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
125,
1466,
13,
748,
19,
2799,
336,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Heitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After this, in 1974 the leap to storing digital audio on an optical disc was easily made. Sony first publicly demonstrated an optical digital audio disc in September 1976. A year later, in September 1977, Sony showed the press a 30 cm disc that could play 60 minutes of digital audio (44,100 Hz sampling rate and 16-bit resolution) using MFM modulation. In September 1978, the company demonstrated an optical digital audio disc with a 150-minute playing time, 44,056 Hz sampling rate, 16-bit linear resolution, and cross-interleaved error correction code—specifications similar to those later settled upon for the standard Compact Disc format in 1980. Technical details of Sony's digital audio disc were presented during the 62nd AES Convention, held on 13–16 March 1979, in Brussels. Sony's AES technical paper was published on 1 March 1979. A week later, on 8 March, Philips publicly demonstrated a prototype of an optical digital audio disc at a press conference called "Philips Introduce Compact Disc" in Eindhoven, Netherlands.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: what piece of technology is mentioned last? | [
24333,
3,
15683,
1
] |
Compact Disc
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
3845,
23,
2046,
32,
1823,
157,
17815,
51,
9,
6,
113,
1597,
46,
778,
1125,
2931,
1368,
49,
441,
3411,
31,
7,
1157,
452,
6878,
53,
1470,
445,
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16,
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6,
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31,
7,
2931,
3066,
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17961,
5,
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3,
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1125,
2104,
329,
3374,
127,
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1368,
49,
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3,
9,
19696,
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671,
1368,
49,
16,
17107,
5,
621,
48,
6,
16,
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8,
14527,
12,
3,
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1125,
2931,
30,
46,
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5025,
47,
1153,
263,
5,
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166,
11652,
9028,
46,
14171,
1125,
2931,
5025,
16,
1600,
16164,
5,
71,
215,
865,
6,
16,
1600,
16433,
6,
8357,
3217,
8,
2785,
3,
9,
604,
2446,
5025,
24,
228,
577,
1640,
676,
13,
1125,
2931,
41,
3628,
6,
2915,
3,
16223,
17222,
1080,
11,
898,
18,
2360,
3161,
61,
338,
283,
14908,
7246,
257,
5,
86,
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14834,
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8,
349,
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28,
3,
9,
4261,
18,
6890,
1556,
97,
6,
8537,
6,
3076,
948,
3,
16223,
17222,
1080,
6,
898,
18,
2360,
13080,
3161,
6,
11,
2269,
18,
3870,
109,
9,
162,
26,
3505,
11698,
1081,
318,
9500,
1628,
1126,
12,
273,
865,
10166,
1286,
21,
8,
1068,
24333,
3,
15683,
1910,
16,
6694,
5,
10728,
1030,
13,
8357,
31,
7,
1125,
2931,
5025,
130,
2569,
383,
8,
3,
4056,
727,
71,
3205,
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6,
1213,
30,
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104,
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16,
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44,
3,
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15432,
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35,
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6,
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8,
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822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
125,
1059,
16,
97,
19,
2799,
336,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Heitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After this, in 1974 the leap to storing digital audio on an optical disc was easily made. Sony first publicly demonstrated an optical digital audio disc in September 1976. A year later, in September 1977, Sony showed the press a 30 cm disc that could play 60 minutes of digital audio (44,100 Hz sampling rate and 16-bit resolution) using MFM modulation. In September 1978, the company demonstrated an optical digital audio disc with a 150-minute playing time, 44,056 Hz sampling rate, 16-bit linear resolution, and cross-interleaved error correction code—specifications similar to those later settled upon for the standard Compact Disc format in 1980. Technical details of Sony's digital audio disc were presented during the 62nd AES Convention, held on 13–16 March 1979, in Brussels. Sony's AES technical paper was published on 1 March 1979. A week later, on 8 March, Philips publicly demonstrated a prototype of an optical digital audio disc at a press conference called "Philips Introduce Compact Disc" in Eindhoven, Netherlands.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: what period in time is mentioned last? | [
505,
1332,
1
] |
8 March
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
3845,
23,
2046,
32,
1823,
157,
17815,
51,
9,
6,
113,
1597,
46,
778,
1125,
2931,
1368,
49,
441,
3411,
31,
7,
1157,
452,
6878,
53,
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445,
20240,
16,
7434,
6,
1632,
879,
2743,
13,
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31,
7,
2931,
3066,
16,
17961,
5,
978,
372,
1597,
3,
9,
1125,
2104,
329,
3374,
127,
2931,
4874,
1368,
49,
338,
3,
9,
19696,
9128,
671,
1368,
49,
16,
17107,
5,
621,
48,
6,
16,
17184,
8,
14527,
12,
3,
17445,
1125,
2931,
30,
46,
14171,
5025,
47,
1153,
263,
5,
8357,
166,
11652,
9028,
46,
14171,
1125,
2931,
5025,
16,
1600,
16164,
5,
71,
215,
865,
6,
16,
1600,
16433,
6,
8357,
3217,
8,
2785,
3,
9,
604,
2446,
5025,
24,
228,
577,
1640,
676,
13,
1125,
2931,
41,
3628,
6,
2915,
3,
16223,
17222,
1080,
11,
898,
18,
2360,
3161,
61,
338,
283,
14908,
7246,
257,
5,
86,
1600,
14834,
6,
8,
349,
9028,
46,
14171,
1125,
2931,
5025,
28,
3,
9,
4261,
18,
6890,
1556,
97,
6,
8537,
6,
3076,
948,
3,
16223,
17222,
1080,
6,
898,
18,
2360,
13080,
3161,
6,
11,
2269,
18,
3870,
109,
9,
162,
26,
3505,
11698,
1081,
318,
9500,
1628,
1126,
12,
273,
865,
10166,
1286,
21,
8,
1068,
24333,
3,
15683,
1910,
16,
6694,
5,
10728,
1030,
13,
8357,
31,
7,
1125,
2931,
5025,
130,
2569,
383,
8,
3,
4056,
727,
71,
3205,
11347,
6,
1213,
30,
1179,
104,
2938,
1332,
15393,
6,
16,
20501,
5,
8357,
31,
7,
71,
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2268,
1040,
47,
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30,
209,
1332,
15393,
5,
71,
471,
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6,
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7,
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3,
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1125,
2931,
5025,
44,
3,
9,
2785,
2542,
718,
96,
23305,
15432,
30600,
24333,
3,
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121,
16,
890,
26,
23304,
35,
6,
12023,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
125,
97,
8438,
19,
2799,
336,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Heitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After this, in 1974 the leap to storing digital audio on an optical disc was easily made. Sony first publicly demonstrated an optical digital audio disc in September 1976. A year later, in September 1977, Sony showed the press a 30 cm disc that could play 60 minutes of digital audio (44,100 Hz sampling rate and 16-bit resolution) using MFM modulation. In September 1978, the company demonstrated an optical digital audio disc with a 150-minute playing time, 44,056 Hz sampling rate, 16-bit linear resolution, and cross-interleaved error correction code—specifications similar to those later settled upon for the standard Compact Disc format in 1980. Technical details of Sony's digital audio disc were presented during the 62nd AES Convention, held on 13–16 March 1979, in Brussels. Sony's AES technical paper was published on 1 March 1979. A week later, on 8 March, Philips publicly demonstrated a prototype of an optical digital audio disc at a press conference called "Philips Introduce Compact Disc" in Eindhoven, Netherlands.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: what time span is mentioned last? | [
71,
471,
1
] |
A week
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
3845,
23,
2046,
32,
1823,
157,
17815,
51,
9,
6,
113,
1597,
46,
778,
1125,
2931,
1368,
49,
441,
3411,
31,
7,
1157,
452,
6878,
53,
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445,
20240,
16,
7434,
6,
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879,
2743,
13,
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31,
7,
2931,
3066,
16,
17961,
5,
978,
372,
1597,
3,
9,
1125,
2104,
329,
3374,
127,
2931,
4874,
1368,
49,
338,
3,
9,
19696,
9128,
671,
1368,
49,
16,
17107,
5,
621,
48,
6,
16,
17184,
8,
14527,
12,
3,
17445,
1125,
2931,
30,
46,
14171,
5025,
47,
1153,
263,
5,
8357,
166,
11652,
9028,
46,
14171,
1125,
2931,
5025,
16,
1600,
16164,
5,
71,
215,
865,
6,
16,
1600,
16433,
6,
8357,
3217,
8,
2785,
3,
9,
604,
2446,
5025,
24,
228,
577,
1640,
676,
13,
1125,
2931,
41,
3628,
6,
2915,
3,
16223,
17222,
1080,
11,
898,
18,
2360,
3161,
61,
338,
283,
14908,
7246,
257,
5,
86,
1600,
14834,
6,
8,
349,
9028,
46,
14171,
1125,
2931,
5025,
28,
3,
9,
4261,
18,
6890,
1556,
97,
6,
8537,
6,
3076,
948,
3,
16223,
17222,
1080,
6,
898,
18,
2360,
13080,
3161,
6,
11,
2269,
18,
3870,
109,
9,
162,
26,
3505,
11698,
1081,
318,
9500,
1628,
1126,
12,
273,
865,
10166,
1286,
21,
8,
1068,
24333,
3,
15683,
1910,
16,
6694,
5,
10728,
1030,
13,
8357,
31,
7,
1125,
2931,
5025,
130,
2569,
383,
8,
3,
4056,
727,
71,
3205,
11347,
6,
1213,
30,
1179,
104,
2938,
1332,
15393,
6,
16,
20501,
5,
8357,
31,
7,
71,
3205,
2268,
1040,
47,
1790,
30,
209,
1332,
15393,
5,
71,
471,
865,
6,
30,
505,
1332,
6,
12092,
7,
11652,
9028,
3,
9,
14402,
13,
46,
14171,
1125,
2931,
5025,
44,
3,
9,
2785,
2542,
718,
96,
23305,
15432,
30600,
24333,
3,
15683,
121,
16,
890,
26,
23304,
35,
6,
12023,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
125,
1059,
16,
97,
19,
2799,
511,
12,
336,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Heitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After this, in 1974 the leap to storing digital audio on an optical disc was easily made. Sony first publicly demonstrated an optical digital audio disc in September 1976. A year later, in September 1977, Sony showed the press a 30 cm disc that could play 60 minutes of digital audio (44,100 Hz sampling rate and 16-bit resolution) using MFM modulation. In September 1978, the company demonstrated an optical digital audio disc with a 150-minute playing time, 44,056 Hz sampling rate, 16-bit linear resolution, and cross-interleaved error correction code—specifications similar to those later settled upon for the standard Compact Disc format in 1980. Technical details of Sony's digital audio disc were presented during the 62nd AES Convention, held on 13–16 March 1979, in Brussels. Sony's AES technical paper was published on 1 March 1979. A week later, on 8 March, Philips publicly demonstrated a prototype of an optical digital audio disc at a press conference called "Philips Introduce Compact Disc" in Eindhoven, Netherlands.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: what period in time is mentioned second to last? | [
209,
1332,
15393,
1
] |
1 March 1979
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
3845,
23,
2046,
32,
1823,
157,
17815,
51,
9,
6,
113,
1597,
46,
778,
1125,
2931,
1368,
49,
441,
3411,
31,
7,
1157,
452,
6878,
53,
1470,
445,
20240,
16,
7434,
6,
1632,
879,
2743,
13,
8357,
31,
7,
2931,
3066,
16,
17961,
5,
978,
372,
1597,
3,
9,
1125,
2104,
329,
3374,
127,
2931,
4874,
1368,
49,
338,
3,
9,
19696,
9128,
671,
1368,
49,
16,
17107,
5,
621,
48,
6,
16,
17184,
8,
14527,
12,
3,
17445,
1125,
2931,
30,
46,
14171,
5025,
47,
1153,
263,
5,
8357,
166,
11652,
9028,
46,
14171,
1125,
2931,
5025,
16,
1600,
16164,
5,
71,
215,
865,
6,
16,
1600,
16433,
6,
8357,
3217,
8,
2785,
3,
9,
604,
2446,
5025,
24,
228,
577,
1640,
676,
13,
1125,
2931,
41,
3628,
6,
2915,
3,
16223,
17222,
1080,
11,
898,
18,
2360,
3161,
61,
338,
283,
14908,
7246,
257,
5,
86,
1600,
14834,
6,
8,
349,
9028,
46,
14171,
1125,
2931,
5025,
28,
3,
9,
4261,
18,
6890,
1556,
97,
6,
8537,
6,
3076,
948,
3,
16223,
17222,
1080,
6,
898,
18,
2360,
13080,
3161,
6,
11,
2269,
18,
3870,
109,
9,
162,
26,
3505,
11698,
1081,
318,
9500,
1628,
1126,
12,
273,
865,
10166,
1286,
21,
8,
1068,
24333,
3,
15683,
1910,
16,
6694,
5,
10728,
1030,
13,
8357,
31,
7,
1125,
2931,
5025,
130,
2569,
383,
8,
3,
4056,
727,
71,
3205,
11347,
6,
1213,
30,
1179,
104,
2938,
1332,
15393,
6,
16,
20501,
5,
8357,
31,
7,
71,
3205,
2268,
1040,
47,
1790,
30,
209,
1332,
15393,
5,
71,
471,
865,
6,
30,
505,
1332,
6,
12092,
7,
11652,
9028,
3,
9,
14402,
13,
46,
14171,
1125,
2931,
5025,
44,
3,
9,
2785,
2542,
718,
96,
23305,
15432,
30600,
24333,
3,
15683,
121,
16,
890,
26,
23304,
35,
6,
12023,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
125,
349,
19,
2799,
511,
12,
336,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Heitaro Nakajima, who developed an early digital audio recorder within Japan's national public broadcasting organization NHK in 1970, became general manager of Sony's audio department in 1971. His team developed a digital PCM adaptor audio tape recorder using a Betamax video recorder in 1973. After this, in 1974 the leap to storing digital audio on an optical disc was easily made. Sony first publicly demonstrated an optical digital audio disc in September 1976. A year later, in September 1977, Sony showed the press a 30 cm disc that could play 60 minutes of digital audio (44,100 Hz sampling rate and 16-bit resolution) using MFM modulation. In September 1978, the company demonstrated an optical digital audio disc with a 150-minute playing time, 44,056 Hz sampling rate, 16-bit linear resolution, and cross-interleaved error correction code—specifications similar to those later settled upon for the standard Compact Disc format in 1980. Technical details of Sony's digital audio disc were presented during the 62nd AES Convention, held on 13–16 March 1979, in Brussels. Sony's AES technical paper was published on 1 March 1979. A week later, on 8 March, Philips publicly demonstrated a prototype of an optical digital audio disc at a press conference called "Philips Introduce Compact Disc" in Eindhoven, Netherlands.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: what company is mentioned second to last? | [
8357,
1
] |
Sony
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
3298,
13,
8,
5895,
17,
3302,
1162,
19,
705,
824,
11,
72,
5456,
3,
26986,
5,
16808,
1425,
13,
4146,
22122,
16,
8,
4643,
33,
816,
12,
43,
2953,
8,
296,
2912,
26462,
45,
3457,
12,
3414,
12,
582,
966,
2667,
10,
7902,
130,
81,
8,
337,
640,
8,
4345,
5,
23836,
7902,
130,
92,
1146,
145,
469,
57,
81,
335,
1956,
254,
5,
86,
685,
6,
57,
8,
2214,
5895,
17,
3302,
1162,
6,
3,
15,
4960,
17,
11929,
5431,
13818,
41,
31491,
38,
1978,
38,
460,
3,
1956,
254,
16,
8,
1659,
5431,
61,
164,
43,
118,
396,
1978,
21,
2805,
280,
6,
6306,
26,
8371,
1162,
3,
104,
2497,
908,
6306,
13903,
906,
908,
11,
1322,
844,
1084,
8,
3,
15,
2436,
1016,
164,
43,
118,
9980,
7,
3,
3565,
70,
16595,
12,
387,
5,
37,
11027,
13,
11035,
12,
8,
1659,
5431,
164,
92,
43,
118,
23773,
15,
26,
5,
6306,
26,
8371,
1162,
3,
104,
2497,
908,
242,
48,
1053,
6,
508,
13548,
13,
3648,
1052,
24,
47,
3,
6319,
12,
20,
287,
2748,
15,
3,
22148,
6,
3725,
271,
3,
24133,
38,
96,
19699,
3,
7,
3828,
15,
1280,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
1615,
47,
8,
5431,
59,
952,
12,
36,
7386,
179,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The climate of the Cretaceous is less certain and more widely disputed. Higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are thought to have caused the world temperature gradient from north to south to become almost flat: temperatures were about the same across the planet. Average temperatures were also higher than today by about 10°C. In fact, by the middle Cretaceous, equatorial ocean waters (perhaps as warm as 20 °C in the deep ocean) may have been too warm for sea life,[dubious – discuss][citation needed] and land areas near the equator may have been deserts despite their proximity to water. The circulation of oxygen to the deep ocean may also have been disrupted.[dubious – discuss] For this reason, large volumes of organic matter that was unable to decompose accumulated, eventually being deposited as "black shale".",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Why was the ocean not likely to be habitable? | [
396,
1978,
1
] |
too warm
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
3298,
13,
8,
5895,
17,
3302,
1162,
19,
705,
824,
11,
72,
5456,
3,
26986,
5,
16808,
1425,
13,
4146,
22122,
16,
8,
4643,
33,
816,
12,
43,
2953,
8,
296,
2912,
26462,
45,
3457,
12,
3414,
12,
582,
966,
2667,
10,
7902,
130,
81,
8,
337,
640,
8,
4345,
5,
23836,
7902,
130,
92,
1146,
145,
469,
57,
81,
335,
1956,
254,
5,
86,
685,
6,
57,
8,
2214,
5895,
17,
3302,
1162,
6,
3,
15,
4960,
17,
11929,
5431,
13818,
41,
31491,
38,
1978,
38,
460,
3,
1956,
254,
16,
8,
1659,
5431,
61,
164,
43,
118,
396,
1978,
21,
2805,
280,
6,
6306,
26,
8371,
1162,
3,
104,
2497,
908,
6306,
13903,
906,
908,
11,
1322,
844,
1084,
8,
3,
15,
2436,
1016,
164,
43,
118,
9980,
7,
3,
3565,
70,
16595,
12,
387,
5,
37,
11027,
13,
11035,
12,
8,
1659,
5431,
164,
92,
43,
118,
23773,
15,
26,
5,
6306,
26,
8371,
1162,
3,
104,
2497,
908,
242,
48,
1053,
6,
508,
13548,
13,
3648,
1052,
24,
47,
3,
6319,
12,
20,
287,
2748,
15,
3,
22148,
6,
3725,
271,
3,
24133,
38,
96,
19699,
3,
7,
3828,
15,
1280,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
47,
1069,
1084,
8,
9980,
7,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The climate of the Cretaceous is less certain and more widely disputed. Higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are thought to have caused the world temperature gradient from north to south to become almost flat: temperatures were about the same across the planet. Average temperatures were also higher than today by about 10°C. In fact, by the middle Cretaceous, equatorial ocean waters (perhaps as warm as 20 °C in the deep ocean) may have been too warm for sea life,[dubious – discuss][citation needed] and land areas near the equator may have been deserts despite their proximity to water. The circulation of oxygen to the deep ocean may also have been disrupted.[dubious – discuss] For this reason, large volumes of organic matter that was unable to decompose accumulated, eventually being deposited as "black shale".",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What was located near the deserts? | [
387,
1
] |
water
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
3298,
13,
8,
5895,
17,
3302,
1162,
19,
705,
824,
11,
72,
5456,
3,
26986,
5,
16808,
1425,
13,
4146,
22122,
16,
8,
4643,
33,
816,
12,
43,
2953,
8,
296,
2912,
26462,
45,
3457,
12,
3414,
12,
582,
966,
2667,
10,
7902,
130,
81,
8,
337,
640,
8,
4345,
5,
23836,
7902,
130,
92,
1146,
145,
469,
57,
81,
335,
1956,
254,
5,
86,
685,
6,
57,
8,
2214,
5895,
17,
3302,
1162,
6,
3,
15,
4960,
17,
11929,
5431,
13818,
41,
31491,
38,
1978,
38,
460,
3,
1956,
254,
16,
8,
1659,
5431,
61,
164,
43,
118,
396,
1978,
21,
2805,
280,
6,
6306,
26,
8371,
1162,
3,
104,
2497,
908,
6306,
13903,
906,
908,
11,
1322,
844,
1084,
8,
3,
15,
2436,
1016,
164,
43,
118,
9980,
7,
3,
3565,
70,
16595,
12,
387,
5,
37,
11027,
13,
11035,
12,
8,
1659,
5431,
164,
92,
43,
118,
23773,
15,
26,
5,
6306,
26,
8371,
1162,
3,
104,
2497,
908,
242,
48,
1053,
6,
508,
13548,
13,
3648,
1052,
24,
47,
3,
6319,
12,
20,
287,
2748,
15,
3,
22148,
6,
3725,
271,
3,
24133,
38,
96,
19699,
3,
7,
3828,
15,
1280,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
47,
3,
9,
1656,
45,
66,
8,
2805,
280,
13677,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The climate of the Cretaceous is less certain and more widely disputed. Higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are thought to have caused the world temperature gradient from north to south to become almost flat: temperatures were about the same across the planet. Average temperatures were also higher than today by about 10°C. In fact, by the middle Cretaceous, equatorial ocean waters (perhaps as warm as 20 °C in the deep ocean) may have been too warm for sea life,[dubious – discuss][citation needed] and land areas near the equator may have been deserts despite their proximity to water. The circulation of oxygen to the deep ocean may also have been disrupted.[dubious – discuss] For this reason, large volumes of organic matter that was unable to decompose accumulated, eventually being deposited as "black shale".",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What was a benefit from all the sea life dying? | [
1001,
3,
7,
3828,
15,
1
] |
black shale
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
134,
362,
76,
152,
764,
365,
8,
1669,
610,
13,
3,
9,
2830,
2069,
789,
383,
8,
1923,
23,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
6,
68,
34,
47,
383,
8,
8697,
18939,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
213,
925,
8019,
152,
3,
20787,
15,
26,
165,
1767,
1827,
11,
2779,
31829,
21,
84,
34,
47,
801,
383,
8,
6627,
5,
15570,
122,
1259,
1632,
16405,
801,
38,
3,
9,
8106,
13,
2939,
725,
11,
8,
234,
13,
970,
6343,
6,
113,
19,
1664,
718,
1473,
31,
7,
4016,
11603,
5,
3,
2092,
8,
389,
2318,
7,
2618,
24438,
7325,
41,
3072,
23440,
3891,
201,
26423,
3,
4,
76,
4557,
2444,
13,
18939,
21761,
45,
24187,
31,
152,
12,
925,
8019,
152,
5,
37,
1719,
47,
12,
52,
29,
57,
3917,
28229,
11,
1456,
19285,
38,
34,
47,
36,
2452,
5402,
57,
8,
26488,
12187,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
925,
8019,
152,
47,
167,
25200,
288,
383,
84,
2830,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Sichuan came under the firm control of a Chinese central government during the Sui dynasty, but it was during the subsequent Tang dynasty where Sichuan regained its previous political and cultural prominence for which it was known during the Han. Chengdu became nationally known as a supplier of armies and the home of Du Fu, who is sometimes called China's greatest poet. During the An Lushan Rebellion (755-763), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang fled from Chang'an to Sichuan. The region was torn by constant warfare and economic distress as it was besieged by the Tibetan Empire.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Sichuan was most ascendant during which Chinese dynasty? | [
18939,
1
] |
Tang
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
134,
362,
76,
152,
764,
365,
8,
1669,
610,
13,
3,
9,
2830,
2069,
789,
383,
8,
1923,
23,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
6,
68,
34,
47,
383,
8,
8697,
18939,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
213,
925,
8019,
152,
3,
20787,
15,
26,
165,
1767,
1827,
11,
2779,
31829,
21,
84,
34,
47,
801,
383,
8,
6627,
5,
15570,
122,
1259,
1632,
16405,
801,
38,
3,
9,
8106,
13,
2939,
725,
11,
8,
234,
13,
970,
6343,
6,
113,
19,
1664,
718,
1473,
31,
7,
4016,
11603,
5,
3,
2092,
8,
389,
2318,
7,
2618,
24438,
7325,
41,
3072,
23440,
3891,
201,
26423,
3,
4,
76,
4557,
2444,
13,
18939,
21761,
45,
24187,
31,
152,
12,
925,
8019,
152,
5,
37,
1719,
47,
12,
52,
29,
57,
3917,
28229,
11,
1456,
19285,
38,
34,
47,
36,
2452,
5402,
57,
8,
26488,
12187,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
47,
970,
6343,
31,
7,
11655,
485,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Sichuan came under the firm control of a Chinese central government during the Sui dynasty, but it was during the subsequent Tang dynasty where Sichuan regained its previous political and cultural prominence for which it was known during the Han. Chengdu became nationally known as a supplier of armies and the home of Du Fu, who is sometimes called China's greatest poet. During the An Lushan Rebellion (755-763), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang fled from Chang'an to Sichuan. The region was torn by constant warfare and economic distress as it was besieged by the Tibetan Empire.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What was Du Fu's ethnicity? | [
2830,
1
] |
Chinese
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
134,
362,
76,
152,
764,
365,
8,
1669,
610,
13,
3,
9,
2830,
2069,
789,
383,
8,
1923,
23,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
6,
68,
34,
47,
383,
8,
8697,
18939,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
213,
925,
8019,
152,
3,
20787,
15,
26,
165,
1767,
1827,
11,
2779,
31829,
21,
84,
34,
47,
801,
383,
8,
6627,
5,
15570,
122,
1259,
1632,
16405,
801,
38,
3,
9,
8106,
13,
2939,
725,
11,
8,
234,
13,
970,
6343,
6,
113,
19,
1664,
718,
1473,
31,
7,
4016,
11603,
5,
3,
2092,
8,
389,
2318,
7,
2618,
24438,
7325,
41,
3072,
23440,
3891,
201,
26423,
3,
4,
76,
4557,
2444,
13,
18939,
21761,
45,
24187,
31,
152,
12,
925,
8019,
152,
5,
37,
1719,
47,
12,
52,
29,
57,
3917,
28229,
11,
1456,
19285,
38,
34,
47,
36,
2452,
5402,
57,
8,
26488,
12187,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2645,
47,
8,
819,
13,
1473,
31,
7,
2069,
789,
16,
3,
28212,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Sichuan came under the firm control of a Chinese central government during the Sui dynasty, but it was during the subsequent Tang dynasty where Sichuan regained its previous political and cultural prominence for which it was known during the Han. Chengdu became nationally known as a supplier of armies and the home of Du Fu, who is sometimes called China's greatest poet. During the An Lushan Rebellion (755-763), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang fled from Chang'an to Sichuan. The region was torn by constant warfare and economic distress as it was besieged by the Tibetan Empire.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Who was the head of China's central government in 760? | [
3,
4,
76,
4557,
2444,
1
] |
Xuanzong
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
134,
362,
76,
152,
764,
365,
8,
1669,
610,
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3,
9,
2830,
2069,
789,
383,
8,
1923,
23,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
6,
68,
34,
47,
383,
8,
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18939,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
213,
925,
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1827,
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31829,
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6627,
5,
15570,
122,
1259,
1632,
16405,
801,
38,
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9,
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2939,
725,
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8,
234,
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970,
6343,
6,
113,
19,
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718,
1473,
31,
7,
4016,
11603,
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3,
2092,
8,
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2618,
24438,
7325,
41,
3072,
23440,
3891,
201,
26423,
3,
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4557,
2444,
13,
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21761,
45,
24187,
31,
152,
12,
925,
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152,
5,
37,
1719,
47,
12,
52,
29,
57,
3917,
28229,
11,
1456,
19285,
38,
34,
47,
36,
2452,
5402,
57,
8,
26488,
12187,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
925,
8019,
152,
31,
7,
2779,
31829,
5330,
4659,
16,
84,
2830,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Sichuan came under the firm control of a Chinese central government during the Sui dynasty, but it was during the subsequent Tang dynasty where Sichuan regained its previous political and cultural prominence for which it was known during the Han. Chengdu became nationally known as a supplier of armies and the home of Du Fu, who is sometimes called China's greatest poet. During the An Lushan Rebellion (755-763), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang fled from Chang'an to Sichuan. The region was torn by constant warfare and economic distress as it was besieged by the Tibetan Empire.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Sichuan's cultural prominence originally rose in which Chinese dynasty? | [
6627,
1
] |
Han
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
134,
362,
76,
152,
764,
365,
8,
1669,
610,
13,
3,
9,
2830,
2069,
789,
383,
8,
1923,
23,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
6,
68,
34,
47,
383,
8,
8697,
18939,
3,
24805,
7,
17,
63,
213,
925,
8019,
152,
3,
20787,
15,
26,
165,
1767,
1827,
11,
2779,
31829,
21,
84,
34,
47,
801,
383,
8,
6627,
5,
15570,
122,
1259,
1632,
16405,
801,
38,
3,
9,
8106,
13,
2939,
725,
11,
8,
234,
13,
970,
6343,
6,
113,
19,
1664,
718,
1473,
31,
7,
4016,
11603,
5,
3,
2092,
8,
389,
2318,
7,
2618,
24438,
7325,
41,
3072,
23440,
3891,
201,
26423,
3,
4,
76,
4557,
2444,
13,
18939,
21761,
45,
24187,
31,
152,
12,
925,
8019,
152,
5,
37,
1719,
47,
12,
52,
29,
57,
3917,
28229,
11,
1456,
19285,
38,
34,
47,
36,
2452,
5402,
57,
8,
26488,
12187,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
28920,
31,
7,
18663,
1938,
7,
139,
925,
8019,
152,
54,
36,
12910,
38,
125,
383,
8,
18939,
13967,
7,
17,
63,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Sichuan came under the firm control of a Chinese central government during the Sui dynasty, but it was during the subsequent Tang dynasty where Sichuan regained its previous political and cultural prominence for which it was known during the Han. Chengdu became nationally known as a supplier of armies and the home of Du Fu, who is sometimes called China's greatest poet. During the An Lushan Rebellion (755-763), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang fled from Chang'an to Sichuan. The region was torn by constant warfare and economic distress as it was besieged by the Tibetan Empire.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Tibet's incursions into Sichuan can be classified as what during the Tang Dynasty? | [
3917,
1
] |
constant
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
8,
1480,
6694,
7,
6,
186,
415,
3715,
629,
723,
3153,
8247,
435,
1452,
2569,
28,
779,
3783,
3694,
5,
1384,
723,
9193,
12,
36,
3,
9,
1328,
120,
1574,
5349,
11,
3,
9,
72,
12946,
2783,
18,
390,
12338,
3,
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5684,
1012,
5,
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11,
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224,
38,
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6,
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17,
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6,
5185,
152,
9,
10819,
6,
18821,
9616,
6,
7138,
9,
19553,
6,
29993,
8018,
6,
5021,
7,
6,
11478,
1896,
4765,
12220,
6,
272,
12775,
157,
6,
11,
205,
1220,
254,
3057,
15372,
7965,
66,
3,
10975,
8,
5349,
139,
128,
13,
70,
161,
5,
621,
5889,
1516,
1269,
16,
8,
778,
12,
2076,
18,
2394,
7,
6,
629,
723,
3,
4774,
237,
2186,
383,
8,
511,
6772,
13,
9018,
629,
2863,
3264,
104,
23658,
137,
37,
5349,
65,
3,
7361,
1012,
11,
17165,
26,
139,
119,
1012,
769,
729,
60,
7,
6,
21,
677,
6,
350,
18,
1840,
6,
9509,
1384,
6,
7130,
1384,
11,
15049,
1384,
5,
282,
13,
1230,
6,
629,
723,
3048,
2033,
1012,
16,
321,
8122,
11,
16,
8,
12946,
2783,
3112,
298,
3,
19513,
3,
9,
2418,
6134,
30,
13104,
8073,
640,
8,
7895,
5,
6306,
13903,
906,
908,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
773,
13,
723,
3153,
130,
2569,
28,
779,
3783,
3694,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In the late 1980s, many local Chicago house music artists suddenly found themselves presented with major label deals. House music proved to be a commercially successful genre and a more mainstream pop-based variation grew increasingly popular. Artists and groups such as Madonna, Janet Jackson, Paula Abdul, Aretha Franklin, Bananarama, Diana Ross, Tina Turner, Whitney Houston, Steps, Kylie Minogue, Bjork, and C+C Music Factoryhave all incorporated the genre into some of their work. After enjoying significant success in the early to mid-90s, house music grew even larger during the second wave of progressive house (1999–2001). The genre has remained popular and fused into other popular subgenres, for example, G-house, Deep House, Tech House and Bass House. As of 2015, house music remains extremely popular in both clubs and in the mainstream pop scene while retaining a foothold on underground scenes across the globe.[citation needed]",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What kind of music artists were presented with major label deals? | [
629,
1
] |
house
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
8,
1480,
6694,
7,
6,
186,
415,
3715,
629,
723,
3153,
8247,
435,
1452,
2569,
28,
779,
3783,
3694,
5,
1384,
723,
9193,
12,
36,
3,
9,
1328,
120,
1574,
5349,
11,
3,
9,
72,
12946,
2783,
18,
390,
12338,
3,
4774,
5684,
1012,
5,
9152,
7,
11,
1637,
224,
38,
5428,
15822,
6,
8158,
17,
7714,
6,
1838,
9,
28508,
6,
1521,
189,
9,
16079,
6,
5185,
152,
9,
10819,
6,
18821,
9616,
6,
7138,
9,
19553,
6,
29993,
8018,
6,
5021,
7,
6,
11478,
1896,
4765,
12220,
6,
272,
12775,
157,
6,
11,
205,
1220,
254,
3057,
15372,
7965,
66,
3,
10975,
8,
5349,
139,
128,
13,
70,
161,
5,
621,
5889,
1516,
1269,
16,
8,
778,
12,
2076,
18,
2394,
7,
6,
629,
723,
3,
4774,
237,
2186,
383,
8,
511,
6772,
13,
9018,
629,
2863,
3264,
104,
23658,
137,
37,
5349,
65,
3,
7361,
1012,
11,
17165,
26,
139,
119,
1012,
769,
729,
60,
7,
6,
21,
677,
6,
350,
18,
1840,
6,
9509,
1384,
6,
7130,
1384,
11,
15049,
1384,
5,
282,
13,
1230,
6,
629,
723,
3048,
2033,
1012,
16,
321,
8122,
11,
16,
8,
12946,
2783,
3112,
298,
3,
19513,
3,
9,
2418,
6134,
30,
13104,
8073,
640,
8,
7895,
5,
6306,
13903,
906,
908,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
366,
410,
629,
723,
1604,
2186,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In the late 1980s, many local Chicago house music artists suddenly found themselves presented with major label deals. House music proved to be a commercially successful genre and a more mainstream pop-based variation grew increasingly popular. Artists and groups such as Madonna, Janet Jackson, Paula Abdul, Aretha Franklin, Bananarama, Diana Ross, Tina Turner, Whitney Houston, Steps, Kylie Minogue, Bjork, and C+C Music Factoryhave all incorporated the genre into some of their work. After enjoying significant success in the early to mid-90s, house music grew even larger during the second wave of progressive house (1999–2001). The genre has remained popular and fused into other popular subgenres, for example, G-house, Deep House, Tech House and Bass House. As of 2015, house music remains extremely popular in both clubs and in the mainstream pop scene while retaining a foothold on underground scenes across the globe.[citation needed]",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: When did house music grow larger? | [
5247,
104,
23658,
1
] |
1999–2001
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
8,
1480,
6694,
7,
6,
186,
415,
3715,
629,
723,
3153,
8247,
435,
1452,
2569,
28,
779,
3783,
3694,
5,
1384,
723,
9193,
12,
36,
3,
9,
1328,
120,
1574,
5349,
11,
3,
9,
72,
12946,
2783,
18,
390,
12338,
3,
4774,
5684,
1012,
5,
9152,
7,
11,
1637,
224,
38,
5428,
15822,
6,
8158,
17,
7714,
6,
1838,
9,
28508,
6,
1521,
189,
9,
16079,
6,
5185,
152,
9,
10819,
6,
18821,
9616,
6,
7138,
9,
19553,
6,
29993,
8018,
6,
5021,
7,
6,
11478,
1896,
4765,
12220,
6,
272,
12775,
157,
6,
11,
205,
1220,
254,
3057,
15372,
7965,
66,
3,
10975,
8,
5349,
139,
128,
13,
70,
161,
5,
621,
5889,
1516,
1269,
16,
8,
778,
12,
2076,
18,
2394,
7,
6,
629,
723,
3,
4774,
237,
2186,
383,
8,
511,
6772,
13,
9018,
629,
2863,
3264,
104,
23658,
137,
37,
5349,
65,
3,
7361,
1012,
11,
17165,
26,
139,
119,
1012,
769,
729,
60,
7,
6,
21,
677,
6,
350,
18,
1840,
6,
9509,
1384,
6,
7130,
1384,
11,
15049,
1384,
5,
282,
13,
1230,
6,
629,
723,
3048,
2033,
1012,
16,
321,
8122,
11,
16,
8,
12946,
2783,
3112,
298,
3,
19513,
3,
9,
2418,
6134,
30,
13104,
8073,
640,
8,
7895,
5,
6306,
13903,
906,
908,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
773,
42,
769,
729,
60,
7,
47,
629,
723,
17165,
26,
139,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In the late 1980s, many local Chicago house music artists suddenly found themselves presented with major label deals. House music proved to be a commercially successful genre and a more mainstream pop-based variation grew increasingly popular. Artists and groups such as Madonna, Janet Jackson, Paula Abdul, Aretha Franklin, Bananarama, Diana Ross, Tina Turner, Whitney Houston, Steps, Kylie Minogue, Bjork, and C+C Music Factoryhave all incorporated the genre into some of their work. After enjoying significant success in the early to mid-90s, house music grew even larger during the second wave of progressive house (1999–2001). The genre has remained popular and fused into other popular subgenres, for example, G-house, Deep House, Tech House and Bass House. As of 2015, house music remains extremely popular in both clubs and in the mainstream pop scene while retaining a foothold on underground scenes across the globe.[citation needed]",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What kind or subgenres was house music fused into? | [
1012,
1
] |
popular
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
6947,
7220,
15491,
87,
448,
184,
279,
18,
12913,
71,
120,
18,
302,
1883,
96,
13368,
3424,
15,
7,
461,
121,
16,
8388,
41,
134,
3929,
17,
120,
3,
27224,
201,
258,
865,
6,
96,
371,
32,
40,
3216,
1212,
121,
84,
1204,
2252,
799,
4895,
38,
168,
38,
271,
1944,
16,
8122,
5,
2351,
412,
5,
134,
5,
1560,
84,
1204,
2252,
577,
47,
8,
712,
96,
13368,
21,
8,
1915,
1497,
1016,
121,
57,
1336,
354,
935,
15,
6,
84,
1632,
8,
14402,
13,
3,
122,
88,
17,
235,
629,
769,
729,
60,
5,
1336,
354,
935,
15,
708,
8,
1336,
2047,
138,
11,
26743,
11241,
41,
265,
2444,
7,
17,
717,
137,
938,
8,
778,
5541,
7,
3153,
224,
38,
1336,
354,
935,
15,
2448,
41,
7248,
24,
564,
38,
168,
38,
1862,
11670,
162,
17,
11,
38,
8211,
21,
878,
1191,
15,
201,
6920,
29306,
6,
8300,
29,
27526,
11,
717,
410,
186,
18338,
5,
37,
5541,
7,
1509,
126,
3715,
629,
3153,
13591,
224,
38,
6920,
21867,
6,
113,
10291,
3,
9,
3715,
629,
1368,
3783,
718,
9438,
1140,
23,
9,
5,
350,
88,
17,
235,
629,
11,
3562,
629,
130,
119,
629,
723,
4634,
24,
130,
92,
708,
16,
3715,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
564,
13,
3,
9,
412,
5,
134,
5,
1560,
24,
764,
274,
8,
1560,
24,
141,
2252,
799,
4895,
16,
8122,
3,
4822,
38,
3,
122,
88,
17,
235,
629,
769,
729,
60,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Influential gospel/R&B-influenced Aly-us released "Time Passes On" in 1993 (Strictly Rhythm), then later, "Follow Me" which received radio airplay as well as being played in clubs. Another U.S. hit which received radio play was the single "Time for the Perculator" by Cajmere, which became the prototype of ghetto house subgenre. Cajmere started the Cajual and Relief labels (amongst others). By the early 1990s artists such as Cajmere himself (under that name as well as Green Velvet and as producer for Dajae), DJ Sneak, Glenn Underground and others did many recordings. The 1990s saw new Chicago house artists emerge such as DJ Funk, who operates a Chicago house record label called Dance Mania. Ghetto house and acid house were other house music styles that were also started in Chicago.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the name of a U.S. hit that came before the hit that had radio airplay in clubs referred as ghetto house subgenre? | [
71,
120,
18,
302,
1883,
96,
13368,
3424,
15,
7,
461,
121,
1
] |
Aly-us released "Time Passes On"
|
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58
] |
Given the following passage
"Currently, (2004), there are principles of canon law common to the churches within the Anglican Communion; their existence can be factually established; each province or church contributes through its own legal system to the principles of canon law common within the Communion; these principles have a strong persuasive authority and are fundamental to the self-understanding of each of the churches of the Communion; these principles have a living force, and contain in themselves the possibility of further development; and the existence of these principles both demonstrates unity and promotes unity within the Anglican Communion.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How can these principles be determined? | [
70,
6831,
54,
36,
685,
76,
1427,
2127,
1
] |
their existence can be factually established
|
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915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2840,
103,
175,
5559,
26843,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Currently, (2004), there are principles of canon law common to the churches within the Anglican Communion; their existence can be factually established; each province or church contributes through its own legal system to the principles of canon law common within the Communion; these principles have a strong persuasive authority and are fundamental to the self-understanding of each of the churches of the Communion; these principles have a living force, and contain in themselves the possibility of further development; and the existence of these principles both demonstrates unity and promotes unity within the Anglican Communion.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Where do these principles originate? | [
284,
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42,
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4139,
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293,
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358,
12,
8,
5559,
13,
54,
106,
973,
1017,
441,
8,
27163,
106,
1
] |
each province or church contributes through its own legal system to the principles of canon law common within the Communion
|
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24,
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19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
103,
175,
5559,
1539,
280,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Currently, (2004), there are principles of canon law common to the churches within the Anglican Communion; their existence can be factually established; each province or church contributes through its own legal system to the principles of canon law common within the Communion; these principles have a strong persuasive authority and are fundamental to the self-understanding of each of the churches of the Communion; these principles have a living force, and contain in themselves the possibility of further development; and the existence of these principles both demonstrates unity and promotes unity within the Anglican Communion.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How do these principles guide life? | [
175,
5559,
43,
3,
9,
1101,
29535,
5015,
11,
33,
4431,
12,
8,
1044,
18,
7248,
11018,
13,
284,
13,
8,
9894,
13,
8,
27163,
106,
1
] |
these principles have a strong persuasive authority and are fundamental to the self-understanding of each of the churches of the Communion
|
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19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2645,
2204,
7,
175,
5559,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Currently, (2004), there are principles of canon law common to the churches within the Anglican Communion; their existence can be factually established; each province or church contributes through its own legal system to the principles of canon law common within the Communion; these principles have a strong persuasive authority and are fundamental to the self-understanding of each of the churches of the Communion; these principles have a living force, and contain in themselves the possibility of further development; and the existence of these principles both demonstrates unity and promotes unity within the Anglican Communion.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Who decides these principles? | [
284,
7985,
42,
2078,
4139,
7,
190,
165,
293,
1281,
358,
12,
8,
5559,
13,
54,
106,
973,
1017,
441,
8,
27163,
106,
1
] |
each province or church contributes through its own legal system to the principles of canon law common within the Communion
|
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19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2840,
19,
48,
54,
106,
894,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Currently, (2004), there are principles of canon law common to the churches within the Anglican Communion; their existence can be factually established; each province or church contributes through its own legal system to the principles of canon law common within the Communion; these principles have a strong persuasive authority and are fundamental to the self-understanding of each of the churches of the Communion; these principles have a living force, and contain in themselves the possibility of further development; and the existence of these principles both demonstrates unity and promotes unity within the Anglican Communion.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Where is this canon seen? | [
441,
8,
389,
4707,
1608,
27163,
106,
1
] |
within the Anglican Communion
|
[
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5710,
16,
8,
215,
27456,
24,
656,
7724,
11,
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7,
19,
718,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The first Code of Canon Law, 1917, was mostly for the Roman Rite, with limited application to the Eastern Churches. After the Second Vatican Council, (1962 - 1965), another edition was published specifically for the Roman Rite in 1983. Most recently, 1990, the Vatican produced the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches which became the 1st code of Eastern Catholic Canon Law.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: A Japanese multinational corporation founded in the year 1937 that makes cameras and printers is called? | [
11020,
1
] |
Canon
|
[
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5,
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6,
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430,
4182,
47,
1790,
3346,
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3385,
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16,
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6,
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8,
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8,
3636,
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8,
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7,
84,
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8,
209,
7,
17,
1081,
13,
7345,
6502,
11020,
2402,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
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10,
86,
125,
215,
410,
17384,
1079,
1838,
2466,
719,
25527,
12,
987,
2753,
262,
89,
52,
9,
2,
29,
391,
2,
32,
7,
5788,
17,
12,
1428,
8,
7142,
13,
431,
3,
5398,
18762,
7,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The first Code of Canon Law, 1917, was mostly for the Roman Rite, with limited application to the Eastern Churches. After the Second Vatican Council, (1962 - 1965), another edition was published specifically for the Roman Rite in 1983. Most recently, 1990, the Vatican produced the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches which became the 1st code of Eastern Catholic Canon Law.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: In what year did Pope John Paul II visit Guatemala to ask president Efraín Ríos Montt to reduce the sentence of 6 guerillas? | [
15041,
1
] |
1983
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
166,
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13,
11020,
2402,
6,
25439,
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47,
3323,
21,
8,
3385,
11671,
15,
6,
28,
1643,
917,
12,
8,
7345,
2345,
15,
7,
5,
621,
8,
5212,
25770,
2063,
6,
2863,
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3,
18,
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430,
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47,
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16,
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5,
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6,
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8,
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8,
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13,
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7,
13,
8,
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15,
7,
84,
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8,
209,
7,
17,
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13,
7345,
6502,
11020,
2402,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
21039,
47,
1660,
302,
3,
22511,
127,
13,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The first Code of Canon Law, 1917, was mostly for the Roman Rite, with limited application to the Eastern Churches. After the Second Vatican Council, (1962 - 1965), another edition was published specifically for the Roman Rite in 1983. Most recently, 1990, the Vatican produced the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches which became the 1st code of Eastern Catholic Canon Law.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What empire was Augustus emperor of? | [
3385,
1
] |
Roman
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
166,
3636,
13,
11020,
2402,
6,
25439,
6,
47,
3323,
21,
8,
3385,
11671,
15,
6,
28,
1643,
917,
12,
8,
7345,
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15,
7,
5,
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8,
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6,
2863,
4056,
3,
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15,
7,
84,
1632,
8,
209,
7,
17,
1081,
13,
7345,
6502,
11020,
2402,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
86,
125,
215,
47,
377,
1599,
40,
28728,
2196,
12,
43,
118,
1215,
18782,
447,
920,
57,
1079,
3,
4,
4,
13671,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The first Code of Canon Law, 1917, was mostly for the Roman Rite, with limited application to the Eastern Churches. After the Second Vatican Council, (1962 - 1965), another edition was published specifically for the Roman Rite in 1983. Most recently, 1990, the Vatican produced the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches which became the 1st code of Eastern Catholic Canon Law.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: In what year was Fidel Castro reported to have been excommunicated by John XXIII? | [
20236,
1
] |
1962
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
166,
3636,
13,
11020,
2402,
6,
25439,
6,
47,
3323,
21,
8,
3385,
11671,
15,
6,
28,
1643,
917,
12,
8,
7345,
2345,
15,
7,
5,
621,
8,
5212,
25770,
2063,
6,
2863,
4056,
3,
18,
19201,
201,
430,
4182,
47,
1790,
3346,
21,
8,
3385,
11671,
15,
16,
15041,
5,
1377,
1310,
6,
5541,
6,
8,
25770,
2546,
8,
3636,
13,
11020,
7,
13,
8,
7345,
2345,
15,
7,
84,
1632,
8,
209,
7,
17,
1081,
13,
7345,
6502,
11020,
2402,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
86,
125,
215,
47,
8,
3152,
1222,
10226,
1983,
13,
8,
907,
1323,
3814,
57,
1661,
5225,
29,
2029,
272,
5,
5891,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The first Code of Canon Law, 1917, was mostly for the Roman Rite, with limited application to the Eastern Churches. After the Second Vatican Council, (1962 - 1965), another edition was published specifically for the Roman Rite in 1983. Most recently, 1990, the Vatican produced the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches which became the 1st code of Eastern Catholic Canon Law.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: In what year was the Voting Rights Act of the United States signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson? | [
19201,
1
] |
1965
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
2789,
6,
8,
898,
189,
18,
14006,
1611,
18490,
257,
741,
15,
26,
16,
3,
9,
381,
13,
9328,
7,
30,
3991,
13,
270,
7,
63,
5,
3,
2092,
8,
12010,
18,
15,
2632,
203,
13,
7780,
27936,
31,
7,
17367,
6,
81,
27757,
270,
7636,
6,
3,
4894,
27060,
7,
6,
130,
13763,
11,
3,
9,
1066,
2123,
381,
13,
6502,
7,
1513,
70,
1342,
30,
9808,
13,
1827,
10883,
2319,
224,
38,
3,
929,
9,
739,
6,
3,
20283,
8627,
3576,
1537,
11,
21967,
1079,
14639,
6,
21,
17285,
53,
12,
1845,
8,
3,
1765,
31,
7,
15859,
4710,
147,
8,
2345,
16,
2789,
5,
3526,
8200,
9766,
6,
8,
270,
7,
63,
3786,
130,
28939,
15,
26,
16,
627,
4177,
163,
12,
36,
3,
60,
20322,
32,
12160,
26,
16,
627,
5062,
57,
3790,
27,
117,
237,
78,
192,
8819,
7,
130,
13763,
16,
8200,
31,
7,
17367,
41,
782,
21,
3,
26634,
8,
2669,
13,
8,
3,
18860,
257,
6,
8,
119,
21,
3,
26634,
2144,
31,
7,
23567,
485,
137,
3526,
3790,
6,
300,
192,
6189,
11,
4169,
17,
63,
151,
130,
16644,
44,
8,
8474,
344,
627,
3769,
11,
627,
3449,
227,
8,
8916,
13,
22250,
40,
10185,
5,
366,
9066,
27,
764,
12,
8,
3,
8514,
29,
15,
6,
8,
2077,
13,
270,
7,
63,
47,
19346,
16,
4516,
68,
20215,
12103,
57,
8,
627,
3390,
1983,
13,
1923,
2026,
51,
4710,
11,
8,
80,
6189,
11,
2641,
63,
42,
78,
6502,
7,
113,
130,
13763,
16,
8,
19662,
18,
16443,
203,
13,
160,
17367,
130,
474,
12,
1687,
250,
79,
130,
1702,
724,
13,
96,
233,
9,
769,
2660,
757,
8486,
6710,
535,
37,
336,
9328,
13,
3,
9,
96,
760,
7578,
121,
16,
2789,
6935,
365,
2549,
9766,
11,
27,
16,
898,
9368,
1875,
8,
1567,
47,
18155,
80,
13,
96,
4605,
7,
102,
88,
2258,
121,
132,
47,
80,
865,
9328,
16,
8288,
41,
11656,
44,
24,
833,
46,
4585,
2547,
14740,
61,
116,
16,
898,
4327,
3576,
71,
23,
2217,
3313,
47,
11970,
6,
859,
119,
378,
6,
13,
3,
26634,
8,
17974,
13,
8,
20699,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
1615,
130,
151,
271,
13763,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In England, the 16th-century European Reformation resulted in a number of executions on charges of heresy. During the thirty-eight years of Henry VIII's reign, about sixty heretics, mainly Protestants, were executed and a rather greater number of Catholics lost their lives on grounds of political offences such as treason, notably Sir Thomas More and Cardinal John Fisher, for refusing to accept the king's supremacy over the Church in England. Under Edward VI, the heresy laws were repealed in 1547 only to be reintroduced in 1554 by Mary I; even so two radicals were executed in Edward's reign (one for denying the reality of the incarnation, the other for denying Christ's divinity). Under Mary, around two hundred and ninety people were burned at the stake between 1555 and 1558 after the restoration of papal jurisdiction. When Elizabeth I came to the throne, the concept of heresy was retained in theory but severely restricted by the 1559 Act of Supremacy and the one hundred and eighty or so Catholics who were executed in the forty-five years of her reign were put to death because they were considered members of "...a subversive fifth column." The last execution of a "heretic" in England occurred under James VI and I in 1612. Although the charge was technically one of "blasphemy" there was one later execution in Scotland (still at that date an entirely independent kingdom) when in 1697 Thomas Aikenhead was accused, among other things, of denying the doctrine of the Trinity.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Why were people being executed? | [
30,
3991,
13,
270,
7,
63,
1
] |
on charges of heresy
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
2789,
6,
8,
898,
189,
18,
14006,
1611,
18490,
257,
741,
15,
26,
16,
3,
9,
381,
13,
9328,
7,
30,
3991,
13,
270,
7,
63,
5,
3,
2092,
8,
12010,
18,
15,
2632,
203,
13,
7780,
27936,
31,
7,
17367,
6,
81,
27757,
270,
7636,
6,
3,
4894,
27060,
7,
6,
130,
13763,
11,
3,
9,
1066,
2123,
381,
13,
6502,
7,
1513,
70,
1342,
30,
9808,
13,
1827,
10883,
2319,
224,
38,
3,
929,
9,
739,
6,
3,
20283,
8627,
3576,
1537,
11,
21967,
1079,
14639,
6,
21,
17285,
53,
12,
1845,
8,
3,
1765,
31,
7,
15859,
4710,
147,
8,
2345,
16,
2789,
5,
3526,
8200,
9766,
6,
8,
270,
7,
63,
3786,
130,
28939,
15,
26,
16,
627,
4177,
163,
12,
36,
3,
60,
20322,
32,
12160,
26,
16,
627,
5062,
57,
3790,
27,
117,
237,
78,
192,
8819,
7,
130,
13763,
16,
8200,
31,
7,
17367,
41,
782,
21,
3,
26634,
8,
2669,
13,
8,
3,
18860,
257,
6,
8,
119,
21,
3,
26634,
2144,
31,
7,
23567,
485,
137,
3526,
3790,
6,
300,
192,
6189,
11,
4169,
17,
63,
151,
130,
16644,
44,
8,
8474,
344,
627,
3769,
11,
627,
3449,
227,
8,
8916,
13,
22250,
40,
10185,
5,
366,
9066,
27,
764,
12,
8,
3,
8514,
29,
15,
6,
8,
2077,
13,
270,
7,
63,
47,
19346,
16,
4516,
68,
20215,
12103,
57,
8,
627,
3390,
1983,
13,
1923,
2026,
51,
4710,
11,
8,
80,
6189,
11,
2641,
63,
42,
78,
6502,
7,
113,
130,
13763,
16,
8,
19662,
18,
16443,
203,
13,
160,
17367,
130,
474,
12,
1687,
250,
79,
130,
1702,
724,
13,
96,
233,
9,
769,
2660,
757,
8486,
6710,
535,
37,
336,
9328,
13,
3,
9,
96,
760,
7578,
121,
16,
2789,
6935,
365,
2549,
9766,
11,
27,
16,
898,
9368,
1875,
8,
1567,
47,
18155,
80,
13,
96,
4605,
7,
102,
88,
2258,
121,
132,
47,
80,
865,
9328,
16,
8288,
41,
11656,
44,
24,
833,
46,
4585,
2547,
14740,
61,
116,
16,
898,
4327,
3576,
71,
23,
2217,
3313,
47,
11970,
6,
859,
119,
378,
6,
13,
3,
26634,
8,
17974,
13,
8,
20699,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
186,
151,
1513,
132,
1342,
30,
8,
1567,
13,
270,
7,
63,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In England, the 16th-century European Reformation resulted in a number of executions on charges of heresy. During the thirty-eight years of Henry VIII's reign, about sixty heretics, mainly Protestants, were executed and a rather greater number of Catholics lost their lives on grounds of political offences such as treason, notably Sir Thomas More and Cardinal John Fisher, for refusing to accept the king's supremacy over the Church in England. Under Edward VI, the heresy laws were repealed in 1547 only to be reintroduced in 1554 by Mary I; even so two radicals were executed in Edward's reign (one for denying the reality of the incarnation, the other for denying Christ's divinity). Under Mary, around two hundred and ninety people were burned at the stake between 1555 and 1558 after the restoration of papal jurisdiction. When Elizabeth I came to the throne, the concept of heresy was retained in theory but severely restricted by the 1559 Act of Supremacy and the one hundred and eighty or so Catholics who were executed in the forty-five years of her reign were put to death because they were considered members of "...a subversive fifth column." The last execution of a "heretic" in England occurred under James VI and I in 1612. Although the charge was technically one of "blasphemy" there was one later execution in Scotland (still at that date an entirely independent kingdom) when in 1697 Thomas Aikenhead was accused, among other things, of denying the doctrine of the Trinity.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How many people lost there lives on the charge of heresy? | [
27757,
1
] |
sixty
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
2789,
6,
8,
898,
189,
18,
14006,
1611,
18490,
257,
741,
15,
26,
16,
3,
9,
381,
13,
9328,
7,
30,
3991,
13,
270,
7,
63,
5,
3,
2092,
8,
12010,
18,
15,
2632,
203,
13,
7780,
27936,
31,
7,
17367,
6,
81,
27757,
270,
7636,
6,
3,
4894,
27060,
7,
6,
130,
13763,
11,
3,
9,
1066,
2123,
381,
13,
6502,
7,
1513,
70,
1342,
30,
9808,
13,
1827,
10883,
2319,
224,
38,
3,
929,
9,
739,
6,
3,
20283,
8627,
3576,
1537,
11,
21967,
1079,
14639,
6,
21,
17285,
53,
12,
1845,
8,
3,
1765,
31,
7,
15859,
4710,
147,
8,
2345,
16,
2789,
5,
3526,
8200,
9766,
6,
8,
270,
7,
63,
3786,
130,
28939,
15,
26,
16,
627,
4177,
163,
12,
36,
3,
60,
20322,
32,
12160,
26,
16,
627,
5062,
57,
3790,
27,
117,
237,
78,
192,
8819,
7,
130,
13763,
16,
8200,
31,
7,
17367,
41,
782,
21,
3,
26634,
8,
2669,
13,
8,
3,
18860,
257,
6,
8,
119,
21,
3,
26634,
2144,
31,
7,
23567,
485,
137,
3526,
3790,
6,
300,
192,
6189,
11,
4169,
17,
63,
151,
130,
16644,
44,
8,
8474,
344,
627,
3769,
11,
627,
3449,
227,
8,
8916,
13,
22250,
40,
10185,
5,
366,
9066,
27,
764,
12,
8,
3,
8514,
29,
15,
6,
8,
2077,
13,
270,
7,
63,
47,
19346,
16,
4516,
68,
20215,
12103,
57,
8,
627,
3390,
1983,
13,
1923,
2026,
51,
4710,
11,
8,
80,
6189,
11,
2641,
63,
42,
78,
6502,
7,
113,
130,
13763,
16,
8,
19662,
18,
16443,
203,
13,
160,
17367,
130,
474,
12,
1687,
250,
79,
130,
1702,
724,
13,
96,
233,
9,
769,
2660,
757,
8486,
6710,
535,
37,
336,
9328,
13,
3,
9,
96,
760,
7578,
121,
16,
2789,
6935,
365,
2549,
9766,
11,
27,
16,
898,
9368,
1875,
8,
1567,
47,
18155,
80,
13,
96,
4605,
7,
102,
88,
2258,
121,
132,
47,
80,
865,
9328,
16,
8288,
41,
11656,
44,
24,
833,
46,
4585,
2547,
14740,
61,
116,
16,
898,
4327,
3576,
71,
23,
2217,
3313,
47,
11970,
6,
859,
119,
378,
6,
13,
3,
26634,
8,
17974,
13,
8,
20699,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
5562,
47,
1213,
57,
8,
151,
271,
4977,
13,
3,
929,
9,
739,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In England, the 16th-century European Reformation resulted in a number of executions on charges of heresy. During the thirty-eight years of Henry VIII's reign, about sixty heretics, mainly Protestants, were executed and a rather greater number of Catholics lost their lives on grounds of political offences such as treason, notably Sir Thomas More and Cardinal John Fisher, for refusing to accept the king's supremacy over the Church in England. Under Edward VI, the heresy laws were repealed in 1547 only to be reintroduced in 1554 by Mary I; even so two radicals were executed in Edward's reign (one for denying the reality of the incarnation, the other for denying Christ's divinity). Under Mary, around two hundred and ninety people were burned at the stake between 1555 and 1558 after the restoration of papal jurisdiction. When Elizabeth I came to the throne, the concept of heresy was retained in theory but severely restricted by the 1559 Act of Supremacy and the one hundred and eighty or so Catholics who were executed in the forty-five years of her reign were put to death because they were considered members of "...a subversive fifth column." The last execution of a "heretic" in England occurred under James VI and I in 1612. Although the charge was technically one of "blasphemy" there was one later execution in Scotland (still at that date an entirely independent kingdom) when in 1697 Thomas Aikenhead was accused, among other things, of denying the doctrine of the Trinity.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What religion was held by the people being charged of treason? | [
6502,
7,
1
] |
Catholics
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
2789,
6,
8,
898,
189,
18,
14006,
1611,
18490,
257,
741,
15,
26,
16,
3,
9,
381,
13,
9328,
7,
30,
3991,
13,
270,
7,
63,
5,
3,
2092,
8,
12010,
18,
15,
2632,
203,
13,
7780,
27936,
31,
7,
17367,
6,
81,
27757,
270,
7636,
6,
3,
4894,
27060,
7,
6,
130,
13763,
11,
3,
9,
1066,
2123,
381,
13,
6502,
7,
1513,
70,
1342,
30,
9808,
13,
1827,
10883,
2319,
224,
38,
3,
929,
9,
739,
6,
3,
20283,
8627,
3576,
1537,
11,
21967,
1079,
14639,
6,
21,
17285,
53,
12,
1845,
8,
3,
1765,
31,
7,
15859,
4710,
147,
8,
2345,
16,
2789,
5,
3526,
8200,
9766,
6,
8,
270,
7,
63,
3786,
130,
28939,
15,
26,
16,
627,
4177,
163,
12,
36,
3,
60,
20322,
32,
12160,
26,
16,
627,
5062,
57,
3790,
27,
117,
237,
78,
192,
8819,
7,
130,
13763,
16,
8200,
31,
7,
17367,
41,
782,
21,
3,
26634,
8,
2669,
13,
8,
3,
18860,
257,
6,
8,
119,
21,
3,
26634,
2144,
31,
7,
23567,
485,
137,
3526,
3790,
6,
300,
192,
6189,
11,
4169,
17,
63,
151,
130,
16644,
44,
8,
8474,
344,
627,
3769,
11,
627,
3449,
227,
8,
8916,
13,
22250,
40,
10185,
5,
366,
9066,
27,
764,
12,
8,
3,
8514,
29,
15,
6,
8,
2077,
13,
270,
7,
63,
47,
19346,
16,
4516,
68,
20215,
12103,
57,
8,
627,
3390,
1983,
13,
1923,
2026,
51,
4710,
11,
8,
80,
6189,
11,
2641,
63,
42,
78,
6502,
7,
113,
130,
13763,
16,
8,
19662,
18,
16443,
203,
13,
160,
17367,
130,
474,
12,
1687,
250,
79,
130,
1702,
724,
13,
96,
233,
9,
769,
2660,
757,
8486,
6710,
535,
37,
336,
9328,
13,
3,
9,
96,
760,
7578,
121,
16,
2789,
6935,
365,
2549,
9766,
11,
27,
16,
898,
9368,
1875,
8,
1567,
47,
18155,
80,
13,
96,
4605,
7,
102,
88,
2258,
121,
132,
47,
80,
865,
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24,
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10,
3526,
3,
2544,
3356,
410,
270,
7,
63,
369,
12,
46,
414,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In England, the 16th-century European Reformation resulted in a number of executions on charges of heresy. During the thirty-eight years of Henry VIII's reign, about sixty heretics, mainly Protestants, were executed and a rather greater number of Catholics lost their lives on grounds of political offences such as treason, notably Sir Thomas More and Cardinal John Fisher, for refusing to accept the king's supremacy over the Church in England. Under Edward VI, the heresy laws were repealed in 1547 only to be reintroduced in 1554 by Mary I; even so two radicals were executed in Edward's reign (one for denying the reality of the incarnation, the other for denying Christ's divinity). Under Mary, around two hundred and ninety people were burned at the stake between 1555 and 1558 after the restoration of papal jurisdiction. When Elizabeth I came to the throne, the concept of heresy was retained in theory but severely restricted by the 1559 Act of Supremacy and the one hundred and eighty or so Catholics who were executed in the forty-five years of her reign were put to death because they were considered members of "...a subversive fifth column." The last execution of a "heretic" in England occurred under James VI and I in 1612. Although the charge was technically one of "blasphemy" there was one later execution in Scotland (still at that date an entirely independent kingdom) when in 1697 Thomas Aikenhead was accused, among other things, of denying the doctrine of the Trinity.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Under whose rule did heresy come to an end? | [
2549,
9766,
11,
27,
1
] |
James VI and I
|
[
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8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
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6,
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898,
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18490,
257,
741,
15,
26,
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381,
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30,
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3576,
71,
23,
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3313,
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6,
859,
119,
378,
6,
13,
3,
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13,
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535,
6,
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8,
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822,
5,
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24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
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5,
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10,
2645,
47,
8,
336,
568,
12,
36,
13763,
16,
8,
898,
189,
18,
14006,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In England, the 16th-century European Reformation resulted in a number of executions on charges of heresy. During the thirty-eight years of Henry VIII's reign, about sixty heretics, mainly Protestants, were executed and a rather greater number of Catholics lost their lives on grounds of political offences such as treason, notably Sir Thomas More and Cardinal John Fisher, for refusing to accept the king's supremacy over the Church in England. Under Edward VI, the heresy laws were repealed in 1547 only to be reintroduced in 1554 by Mary I; even so two radicals were executed in Edward's reign (one for denying the reality of the incarnation, the other for denying Christ's divinity). Under Mary, around two hundred and ninety people were burned at the stake between 1555 and 1558 after the restoration of papal jurisdiction. When Elizabeth I came to the throne, the concept of heresy was retained in theory but severely restricted by the 1559 Act of Supremacy and the one hundred and eighty or so Catholics who were executed in the forty-five years of her reign were put to death because they were considered members of "...a subversive fifth column." The last execution of a "heretic" in England occurred under James VI and I in 1612. Although the charge was technically one of "blasphemy" there was one later execution in Scotland (still at that date an entirely independent kingdom) when in 1697 Thomas Aikenhead was accused, among other things, of denying the doctrine of the Trinity.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Who was the last person to be executed in the 16th-century? | [
3576,
71,
23,
2217,
3313,
1
] |
Thomas Aikenhead
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
667,
17,
235,
348,
30356,
679,
4941,
8,
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3,
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8,
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9,
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8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
125,
19,
8,
511,
1448,
16,
8,
166,
8986,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Ottoman Sultan Selim the Grim, regarded the Shia Qizilbash as heretics, reportedly proclaimed that "the killing of one Shiite had as much otherworldly reward as killing 70 Christians."",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: what is the second word in the first paragraph? | [
30356,
1
] |
Sultan
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
667,
17,
235,
348,
30356,
679,
4941,
8,
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8,
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535,
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8,
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5,
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24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
84,
4761,
2637,
47,
2799,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Ottoman Sultan Selim the Grim, regarded the Shia Qizilbash as heretics, reportedly proclaimed that "the killing of one Shiite had as much otherworldly reward as killing 70 Christians."",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: which religious status was mentioned? | [
30356,
1
] |
Sultan
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
667,
17,
235,
348,
30356,
679,
4941,
8,
23427,
6,
3,
12327,
8,
4804,
9,
1593,
10954,
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38,
270,
7636,
6,
3,
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24,
96,
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13,
80,
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38,
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119,
7276,
120,
9676,
38,
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2861,
11337,
535,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
14228,
9,
8282,
5562,
47,
2799,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Ottoman Sultan Selim the Grim, regarded the Shia Qizilbash as heretics, reportedly proclaimed that "the killing of one Shiite had as much otherworldly reward as killing 70 Christians."",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: wha western religion was mentioned? | [
11337,
1
] |
Christians
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
667,
17,
235,
348,
30356,
679,
4941,
8,
23427,
6,
3,
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8,
4804,
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38,
270,
7636,
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38,
231,
119,
7276,
120,
9676,
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2861,
11337,
535,
1686,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
125,
564,
456,
28,
411,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Ottoman Sultan Selim the Grim, regarded the Shia Qizilbash as heretics, reportedly proclaimed that "the killing of one Shiite had as much otherworldly reward as killing 70 Christians."",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: what name start with O? | [
12881,
32,
348,
1
] |
Ottoman
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
1657,
270,
7,
63,
19,
92,
261,
38,
46,
30981,
3,
9905,
15,
106,
9136,
21,
4092,
5943,
250,
6,
57,
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30,
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7,
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3,
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5,
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18,
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18,
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4092,
4742,
13,
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7,
63,
6,
224,
38,
12,
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3,
9,
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1887,
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63,
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121,
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3,
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33,
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24,
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3,
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24,
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31,
7,
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53,
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535,
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8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
33,
8,
192,
843,
6803,
13,
270,
7,
63,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The term heresy is also used as an ideological pigeonhole for contemporary writers because, by definition, heresy depends on contrasts with an established orthodoxy. For example, the tongue-in-cheek contemporary usage of heresy, such as to categorize a "Wall Street heresy" a "Democratic heresy" or a "Republican heresy," are metaphors that invariably retain a subtext that links orthodoxies in geology or biology or any other field to religion. These expanded metaphoric senses allude to both the difference between the person's views and the mainstream and the boldness of such a person in propounding these views.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What are the two key characteristics of heresy? | [
1750,
344,
8,
568,
31,
7,
2441,
11,
8,
12946,
11,
8,
8197,
655,
13,
224,
3,
9,
568,
16,
813,
8861,
53,
175,
2441,
1
] |
difference between the person's views and the mainstream and the boldness of such a person in propounding these views
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
1657,
270,
7,
63,
19,
92,
261,
38,
46,
30981,
3,
9905,
15,
106,
9136,
21,
4092,
5943,
250,
6,
57,
4903,
6,
270,
7,
63,
5619,
30,
4656,
7,
28,
46,
2127,
3,
28383,
63,
5,
242,
677,
6,
8,
13559,
18,
77,
18,
524,
10266,
4092,
4742,
13,
270,
7,
63,
6,
224,
38,
12,
9624,
11498,
776,
3,
9,
96,
518,
1748,
1887,
270,
7,
63,
121,
3,
9,
96,
19679,
447,
270,
7,
63,
121,
42,
3,
9,
96,
1649,
15727,
152,
270,
7,
63,
976,
33,
21253,
7,
24,
16,
9504,
3834,
7365,
3,
9,
769,
6327,
24,
2416,
3,
28383,
725,
16,
873,
1863,
42,
15651,
42,
136,
119,
1057,
12,
5562,
5,
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21253,
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1254,
7,
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21135,
12,
321,
8,
1750,
344,
8,
568,
31,
7,
2441,
11,
8,
12946,
11,
8,
8197,
655,
13,
224,
3,
9,
568,
16,
813,
8861,
53,
175,
2441,
535,
6,
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8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
4073,
1057,
23809,
8,
1657,
270,
7,
63,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The term heresy is also used as an ideological pigeonhole for contemporary writers because, by definition, heresy depends on contrasts with an established orthodoxy. For example, the tongue-in-cheek contemporary usage of heresy, such as to categorize a "Wall Street heresy" a "Democratic heresy" or a "Republican heresy," are metaphors that invariably retain a subtext that links orthodoxies in geology or biology or any other field to religion. These expanded metaphoric senses allude to both the difference between the person's views and the mainstream and the boldness of such a person in propounding these views.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which field originated the term heresy? | [
5562,
1
] |
religion
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
1657,
270,
7,
63,
19,
92,
261,
38,
46,
30981,
3,
9905,
15,
106,
9136,
21,
4092,
5943,
250,
6,
57,
4903,
6,
270,
7,
63,
5619,
30,
4656,
7,
28,
46,
2127,
3,
28383,
63,
5,
242,
677,
6,
8,
13559,
18,
77,
18,
524,
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4092,
4742,
13,
270,
7,
63,
6,
224,
38,
12,
9624,
11498,
776,
3,
9,
96,
518,
1748,
1887,
270,
7,
63,
121,
3,
9,
96,
19679,
447,
270,
7,
63,
121,
42,
3,
9,
96,
1649,
15727,
152,
270,
7,
63,
976,
33,
21253,
7,
24,
16,
9504,
3834,
7365,
3,
9,
769,
6327,
24,
2416,
3,
28383,
725,
16,
873,
1863,
42,
15651,
42,
136,
119,
1057,
12,
5562,
5,
506,
8148,
21253,
447,
1254,
7,
491,
21135,
12,
321,
8,
1750,
344,
8,
568,
31,
7,
2441,
11,
8,
12946,
11,
8,
8197,
655,
13,
224,
3,
9,
568,
16,
813,
8861,
53,
175,
2441,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
4073,
686,
13,
270,
7,
63,
19,
21253,
447,
6,
3,
9,
10021,
270,
7,
63,
42,
3,
9,
4761,
270,
7,
63,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The term heresy is also used as an ideological pigeonhole for contemporary writers because, by definition, heresy depends on contrasts with an established orthodoxy. For example, the tongue-in-cheek contemporary usage of heresy, such as to categorize a "Wall Street heresy" a "Democratic heresy" or a "Republican heresy," are metaphors that invariably retain a subtext that links orthodoxies in geology or biology or any other field to religion. These expanded metaphoric senses allude to both the difference between the person's views and the mainstream and the boldness of such a person in propounding these views.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which type of heresy is metaphoric, a Democratic heresy or a religious heresy? | [
10021,
270,
7,
63,
1
] |
Democratic heresy
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
8,
3385,
6502,
2345,
6,
3,
28626,
8660,
11,
56,
1329,
6571,
270,
7,
63,
19,
1702,
12,
3428,
120,
1340,
80,
326,
45,
8,
2345,
6,
237,
274,
1215,
28921,
19,
3,
20890,
5,
37,
3636,
226,
12446,
27470,
7,
4077,
10,
755,
10,
2122,
61,
17692,
96,
15,
8461,
782,
113,
19,
59,
3,
12895,
12,
8,
6502,
2345,
11,
12,
69,
18850,
11990,
15273,
15364,
121,
3,
9,
270,
1225,
5,
37,
2345,
141,
373,
15228,
11955,
120,
28,
3,
12797,
7,
13,
19013,
24,
34,
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270,
17,
1950,
6,
68,
274,
8,
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189,
2646,
175,
3,
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12,
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300,
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277,
42,
422,
415,
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4220,
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7,
6,
114,
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9,
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6,
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6623,
9,
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6,
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6,
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28740,
11,
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9,
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5,
37,
21740,
13,
8,
966,
1140,
362,
9,
15,
152,
4220,
17,
13,
1838,
447,
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4653,
2239,
7,
1891,
3879,
12,
8,
2581,
850,
189,
11,
586,
189,
2646,
270,
7,
725,
13,
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1740,
5,
37,
166,
80,
47,
24,
13,
24586,
32,
51,
1558,
16,
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239,
31275,
6,
3,
9,
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344,
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11,
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8,
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6,
72,
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38,
8,
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291,
77,
23,
6,
8,
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83,
20694,
3247,
6,
8,
11699,
35,
7,
7137,
11,
8,
3431,
3272,
7,
130,
1849,
12,
2385,
16,
8,
11228,
11,
3119,
13,
8390,
5308,
6,
7518,
1410,
11,
377,
20319,
7,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
103,
151,
16,
2789,
10783,
1530,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In the Roman Catholic Church, obstinate and willful manifest heresy is considered to spiritually cut one off from the Church, even before excommunication is incurred. The Codex Justinianus (1:5:12) defines "everyone who is not devoted to the Catholic Church and to our Orthodox holy Faith" a heretic. The Church had always dealt harshly with strands of Christianity that it considered heretical, but before the 11th century these tended to centre around individual preachers or small localised sects, like Arianism, Pelagianism, Donatism, Marcionism and Montanism. The diffusion of the almost Manichaean sect of Paulicians westwards gave birth to the famous 11th and 12th century heresies of Western Europe. The first one was that of Bogomils in modern day Bosnia, a sort of sanctuary between Eastern and Western Christianity. By the 11th century, more organised groups such as the Patarini, the Dulcinians, the Waldensians and the Cathars were beginning to appear in the towns and cities of northern Italy, southern France and Flanders.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How do people in England spell center? | [
2050,
1
] |
centre
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
8,
3385,
6502,
2345,
6,
3,
28626,
8660,
11,
56,
1329,
6571,
270,
7,
63,
19,
1702,
12,
3428,
120,
1340,
80,
326,
45,
8,
2345,
6,
237,
274,
1215,
28921,
19,
3,
20890,
5,
37,
3636,
226,
12446,
27470,
7,
4077,
10,
755,
10,
2122,
61,
17692,
96,
15,
8461,
782,
113,
19,
59,
3,
12895,
12,
8,
6502,
2345,
11,
12,
69,
18850,
11990,
15273,
15364,
121,
3,
9,
270,
1225,
5,
37,
2345,
141,
373,
15228,
11955,
120,
28,
3,
12797,
7,
13,
19013,
24,
34,
1702,
270,
17,
1950,
6,
68,
274,
8,
850,
189,
2646,
175,
3,
15443,
12,
2050,
300,
928,
15057,
277,
42,
422,
415,
3375,
4220,
17,
7,
6,
114,
17690,
9,
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6,
18773,
6623,
9,
14378,
6,
1008,
27803,
6,
10290,
28740,
11,
5788,
9,
14378,
5,
37,
21740,
13,
8,
966,
1140,
362,
9,
15,
152,
4220,
17,
13,
1838,
447,
7137,
4653,
2239,
7,
1891,
3879,
12,
8,
2581,
850,
189,
11,
586,
189,
2646,
270,
7,
725,
13,
3782,
1740,
5,
37,
166,
80,
47,
24,
13,
24586,
32,
51,
1558,
16,
941,
239,
31275,
6,
3,
9,
1843,
13,
23011,
344,
7345,
11,
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5,
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8,
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2646,
6,
72,
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224,
38,
8,
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291,
77,
23,
6,
8,
309,
83,
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6,
8,
11699,
35,
7,
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11,
8,
3431,
3272,
7,
130,
1849,
12,
2385,
16,
8,
11228,
11,
3119,
13,
8390,
5308,
6,
7518,
1410,
11,
377,
20319,
7,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2840,
410,
8,
1838,
447,
7137,
888,
12,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In the Roman Catholic Church, obstinate and willful manifest heresy is considered to spiritually cut one off from the Church, even before excommunication is incurred. The Codex Justinianus (1:5:12) defines "everyone who is not devoted to the Catholic Church and to our Orthodox holy Faith" a heretic. The Church had always dealt harshly with strands of Christianity that it considered heretical, but before the 11th century these tended to centre around individual preachers or small localised sects, like Arianism, Pelagianism, Donatism, Marcionism and Montanism. The diffusion of the almost Manichaean sect of Paulicians westwards gave birth to the famous 11th and 12th century heresies of Western Europe. The first one was that of Bogomils in modern day Bosnia, a sort of sanctuary between Eastern and Western Christianity. By the 11th century, more organised groups such as the Patarini, the Dulcinians, the Waldensians and the Cathars were beginning to appear in the towns and cities of northern Italy, southern France and Flanders.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Where did the Paulicians move to? | [
3782,
1740,
1
] |
Western Europe
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
8,
3385,
6502,
2345,
6,
3,
28626,
8660,
11,
56,
1329,
6571,
270,
7,
63,
19,
1702,
12,
3428,
120,
1340,
80,
326,
45,
8,
2345,
6,
237,
274,
1215,
28921,
19,
3,
20890,
5,
37,
3636,
226,
12446,
27470,
7,
4077,
10,
755,
10,
2122,
61,
17692,
96,
15,
8461,
782,
113,
19,
59,
3,
12895,
12,
8,
6502,
2345,
11,
12,
69,
18850,
11990,
15273,
15364,
121,
3,
9,
270,
1225,
5,
37,
2345,
141,
373,
15228,
11955,
120,
28,
3,
12797,
7,
13,
19013,
24,
34,
1702,
270,
17,
1950,
6,
68,
274,
8,
850,
189,
2646,
175,
3,
15443,
12,
2050,
300,
928,
15057,
277,
42,
422,
415,
3375,
4220,
17,
7,
6,
114,
17690,
9,
14378,
6,
18773,
6623,
9,
14378,
6,
1008,
27803,
6,
10290,
28740,
11,
5788,
9,
14378,
5,
37,
21740,
13,
8,
966,
1140,
362,
9,
15,
152,
4220,
17,
13,
1838,
447,
7137,
4653,
2239,
7,
1891,
3879,
12,
8,
2581,
850,
189,
11,
586,
189,
2646,
270,
7,
725,
13,
3782,
1740,
5,
37,
166,
80,
47,
24,
13,
24586,
32,
51,
1558,
16,
941,
239,
31275,
6,
3,
9,
1843,
13,
23011,
344,
7345,
11,
3782,
19013,
5,
938,
8,
850,
189,
2646,
6,
72,
13666,
1637,
224,
38,
8,
5192,
291,
77,
23,
6,
8,
309,
83,
20694,
3247,
6,
8,
11699,
35,
7,
7137,
11,
8,
3431,
3272,
7,
130,
1849,
12,
2385,
16,
8,
11228,
11,
3119,
13,
8390,
5308,
6,
7518,
1410,
11,
377,
20319,
7,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
37,
2007,
294,
13,
84,
684,
1509,
8,
10653,
13,
2826,
4220,
17,
7,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In the Roman Catholic Church, obstinate and willful manifest heresy is considered to spiritually cut one off from the Church, even before excommunication is incurred. The Codex Justinianus (1:5:12) defines "everyone who is not devoted to the Catholic Church and to our Orthodox holy Faith" a heretic. The Church had always dealt harshly with strands of Christianity that it considered heretical, but before the 11th century these tended to centre around individual preachers or small localised sects, like Arianism, Pelagianism, Donatism, Marcionism and Montanism. The diffusion of the almost Manichaean sect of Paulicians westwards gave birth to the famous 11th and 12th century heresies of Western Europe. The first one was that of Bogomils in modern day Bosnia, a sort of sanctuary between Eastern and Western Christianity. By the 11th century, more organised groups such as the Patarini, the Dulcinians, the Waldensians and the Cathars were beginning to appear in the towns and cities of northern Italy, southern France and Flanders.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: The bottom part of which country saw the immigration of Christian sects? | [
1410,
1
] |
France
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
8,
3385,
6502,
2345,
6,
3,
28626,
8660,
11,
56,
1329,
6571,
270,
7,
63,
19,
1702,
12,
3428,
120,
1340,
80,
326,
45,
8,
2345,
6,
237,
274,
1215,
28921,
19,
3,
20890,
5,
37,
3636,
226,
12446,
27470,
7,
4077,
10,
755,
10,
2122,
61,
17692,
96,
15,
8461,
782,
113,
19,
59,
3,
12895,
12,
8,
6502,
2345,
11,
12,
69,
18850,
11990,
15273,
15364,
121,
3,
9,
270,
1225,
5,
37,
2345,
141,
373,
15228,
11955,
120,
28,
3,
12797,
7,
13,
19013,
24,
34,
1702,
270,
17,
1950,
6,
68,
274,
8,
850,
189,
2646,
175,
3,
15443,
12,
2050,
300,
928,
15057,
277,
42,
422,
415,
3375,
4220,
17,
7,
6,
114,
17690,
9,
14378,
6,
18773,
6623,
9,
14378,
6,
1008,
27803,
6,
10290,
28740,
11,
5788,
9,
14378,
5,
37,
21740,
13,
8,
966,
1140,
362,
9,
15,
152,
4220,
17,
13,
1838,
447,
7137,
4653,
2239,
7,
1891,
3879,
12,
8,
2581,
850,
189,
11,
586,
189,
2646,
270,
7,
725,
13,
3782,
1740,
5,
37,
166,
80,
47,
24,
13,
24586,
32,
51,
1558,
16,
941,
239,
31275,
6,
3,
9,
1843,
13,
23011,
344,
7345,
11,
3782,
19013,
5,
938,
8,
850,
189,
2646,
6,
72,
13666,
1637,
224,
38,
8,
5192,
291,
77,
23,
6,
8,
309,
83,
20694,
3247,
6,
8,
11699,
35,
7,
7137,
11,
8,
3431,
3272,
7,
130,
1849,
12,
2385,
16,
8,
11228,
11,
3119,
13,
8390,
5308,
6,
7518,
1410,
11,
377,
20319,
7,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
4073,
4220,
17,
47,
72,
4997,
344,
17690,
9,
14378,
11,
309,
83,
20694,
3247,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In the Roman Catholic Church, obstinate and willful manifest heresy is considered to spiritually cut one off from the Church, even before excommunication is incurred. The Codex Justinianus (1:5:12) defines "everyone who is not devoted to the Catholic Church and to our Orthodox holy Faith" a heretic. The Church had always dealt harshly with strands of Christianity that it considered heretical, but before the 11th century these tended to centre around individual preachers or small localised sects, like Arianism, Pelagianism, Donatism, Marcionism and Montanism. The diffusion of the almost Manichaean sect of Paulicians westwards gave birth to the famous 11th and 12th century heresies of Western Europe. The first one was that of Bogomils in modern day Bosnia, a sort of sanctuary between Eastern and Western Christianity. By the 11th century, more organised groups such as the Patarini, the Dulcinians, the Waldensians and the Cathars were beginning to appear in the towns and cities of northern Italy, southern France and Flanders.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which sect was more organized between Arianism and Dulcinians? | [
309,
83,
20694,
3247,
1
] |
Dulcinians
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
8,
3385,
6502,
2345,
6,
3,
28626,
8660,
11,
56,
1329,
6571,
270,
7,
63,
19,
1702,
12,
3428,
120,
1340,
80,
326,
45,
8,
2345,
6,
237,
274,
1215,
28921,
19,
3,
20890,
5,
37,
3636,
226,
12446,
27470,
7,
4077,
10,
755,
10,
2122,
61,
17692,
96,
15,
8461,
782,
113,
19,
59,
3,
12895,
12,
8,
6502,
2345,
11,
12,
69,
18850,
11990,
15273,
15364,
121,
3,
9,
270,
1225,
5,
37,
2345,
141,
373,
15228,
11955,
120,
28,
3,
12797,
7,
13,
19013,
24,
34,
1702,
270,
17,
1950,
6,
68,
274,
8,
850,
189,
2646,
175,
3,
15443,
12,
2050,
300,
928,
15057,
277,
42,
422,
415,
3375,
4220,
17,
7,
6,
114,
17690,
9,
14378,
6,
18773,
6623,
9,
14378,
6,
1008,
27803,
6,
10290,
28740,
11,
5788,
9,
14378,
5,
37,
21740,
13,
8,
966,
1140,
362,
9,
15,
152,
4220,
17,
13,
1838,
447,
7137,
4653,
2239,
7,
1891,
3879,
12,
8,
2581,
850,
189,
11,
586,
189,
2646,
270,
7,
725,
13,
3782,
1740,
5,
37,
166,
80,
47,
24,
13,
24586,
32,
51,
1558,
16,
941,
239,
31275,
6,
3,
9,
1843,
13,
23011,
344,
7345,
11,
3782,
19013,
5,
938,
8,
850,
189,
2646,
6,
72,
13666,
1637,
224,
38,
8,
5192,
291,
77,
23,
6,
8,
309,
83,
20694,
3247,
6,
8,
11699,
35,
7,
7137,
11,
8,
3431,
3272,
7,
130,
1849,
12,
2385,
16,
8,
11228,
11,
3119,
13,
8390,
5308,
6,
7518,
1410,
11,
377,
20319,
7,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
103,
151,
10783,
4997,
16,
2789,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In the Roman Catholic Church, obstinate and willful manifest heresy is considered to spiritually cut one off from the Church, even before excommunication is incurred. The Codex Justinianus (1:5:12) defines "everyone who is not devoted to the Catholic Church and to our Orthodox holy Faith" a heretic. The Church had always dealt harshly with strands of Christianity that it considered heretical, but before the 11th century these tended to centre around individual preachers or small localised sects, like Arianism, Pelagianism, Donatism, Marcionism and Montanism. The diffusion of the almost Manichaean sect of Paulicians westwards gave birth to the famous 11th and 12th century heresies of Western Europe. The first one was that of Bogomils in modern day Bosnia, a sort of sanctuary between Eastern and Western Christianity. By the 11th century, more organised groups such as the Patarini, the Dulcinians, the Waldensians and the Cathars were beginning to appear in the towns and cities of northern Italy, southern France and Flanders.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How do people spell organized in England? | [
13666,
1
] |
organised
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
7395,
189,
32,
11990,
3736,
26,
9,
159,
51,
1099,
7,
2441,
30,
8,
294,
13,
11896,
113,
15407,
45,
1435,
6692,
5559,
13,
3251,
270,
17,
1950,
5,
86,
811,
6,
8,
72,
269,
18,
3108,
1637,
441,
18850,
11990,
3736,
26,
9,
159,
51,
1520,
24,
66,
11896,
113,
15092,
8,
650,
2530,
13,
2636,
8823,
1395,
31,
7,
1179,
5559,
13,
6692,
3251,
33,
270,
7636,
5,
282,
224,
6,
167,
13,
18850,
11990,
3736,
26,
9,
159,
51,
1099,
7,
18490,
11,
419,
26471,
343,
3736,
26,
9,
159,
51,
270,
17,
1950,
9780,
6,
11,
9544,
167,
13,
23053,
3736,
26,
9,
159,
51,
38,
270,
17,
1950,
5,
37,
10215,
3,
3108,
13,
5070,
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26,
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19,
72,
3,
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26,
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8,
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822,
5,
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24,
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19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
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1212,
8893,
7,
7,
13669,
16781,
84,
607,
13,
3736,
26,
9,
159,
51,
16,
3434,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Orthodox Judaism considers views on the part of Jews who depart from traditional Jewish principles of faith heretical. In addition, the more right-wing groups within Orthodox Judaism hold that all Jews who reject the simple meaning of Maimonides's 13 principles of Jewish faith are heretics. As such, most of Orthodox Judaism considers Reform and Reconstructionist Judaism heretical movements, and regards most of Conservative Judaism as heretical. The liberal wing of Modern Orthodoxy is more tolerant of Conservative Judaism, particularly its right wing, as there is some theological and practical overlap between these groups.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Moses Mendelssohn initiated which form of Judaism in Germany? | [
18490,
1
] |
Reform
|
[
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8,
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363,
941,
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2426,
47,
3,
390,
30,
13061,
7,
1597,
57,
4574,
221,
658,
23,
2209,
3767,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Orthodox Judaism considers views on the part of Jews who depart from traditional Jewish principles of faith heretical. In addition, the more right-wing groups within Orthodox Judaism hold that all Jews who reject the simple meaning of Maimonides's 13 principles of Jewish faith are heretics. As such, most of Orthodox Judaism considers Reform and Reconstructionist Judaism heretical movements, and regards most of Conservative Judaism as heretical. The liberal wing of Modern Orthodoxy is more tolerant of Conservative Judaism, particularly its right wing, as there is some theological and practical overlap between these groups.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What modern Jewish movement was based on conceptions developed by Mordecai Kaplan? | [
419,
26471,
343,
1
] |
Reconstructionist
|
[
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8,
826,
5454,
96,
7395,
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3736,
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26,
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159,
51,
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165,
8523,
12,
8,
161,
13,
12611,
14018,
11995,
1395,
3254,
49,
11,
3084,
739,
15052,
1024,
15,
40,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Orthodox Judaism considers views on the part of Jews who depart from traditional Jewish principles of faith heretical. In addition, the more right-wing groups within Orthodox Judaism hold that all Jews who reject the simple meaning of Maimonides's 13 principles of Jewish faith are heretics. As such, most of Orthodox Judaism considers Reform and Reconstructionist Judaism heretical movements, and regards most of Conservative Judaism as heretical. The liberal wing of Modern Orthodoxy is more tolerant of Conservative Judaism, particularly its right wing, as there is some theological and practical overlap between these groups.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which movement of Judaism traces its roots to the work of Azriel Hildesheimer and Samson Raphael? | [
5070,
18850,
26,
9773,
1
] |
Modern Orthodoxy
|
[
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8,
826,
5454,
96,
7395,
189,
32,
11990,
3736,
26,
9,
159,
51,
1099,
7,
2441,
30,
8,
294,
13,
11896,
113,
15407,
45,
1435,
6692,
5559,
13,
3251,
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1950,
5,
86,
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11,
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17,
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3,
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5,
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24,
8,
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19,
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441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
37,
6692,
28789,
2426,
24,
65,
4603,
524,
6286,
7,
4937,
15,
40,
38,
165,
813,
729,
155,
127,
19,
3028,
38,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Orthodox Judaism considers views on the part of Jews who depart from traditional Jewish principles of faith heretical. In addition, the more right-wing groups within Orthodox Judaism hold that all Jews who reject the simple meaning of Maimonides's 13 principles of Jewish faith are heretics. As such, most of Orthodox Judaism considers Reform and Reconstructionist Judaism heretical movements, and regards most of Conservative Judaism as heretical. The liberal wing of Modern Orthodoxy is more tolerant of Conservative Judaism, particularly its right wing, as there is some theological and practical overlap between these groups.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: The Jewish Religious movement that has Zecharias Frankel as its progenitor is described as? | [
23053,
3736,
26,
9,
159,
51,
1
] |
Conservative Judaism
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
7395,
189,
32,
11990,
3736,
26,
9,
159,
51,
1099,
7,
2441,
30,
8,
294,
13,
11896,
113,
15407,
45,
1435,
6692,
5559,
13,
3251,
270,
17,
1950,
5,
86,
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6,
8,
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3736,
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3,
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19,
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8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
37,
294,
13,
3,
9,
5963,
24,
1250,
34,
12,
240,
3777,
42,
26537,
190,
8,
799,
19,
718,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Orthodox Judaism considers views on the part of Jews who depart from traditional Jewish principles of faith heretical. In addition, the more right-wing groups within Orthodox Judaism hold that all Jews who reject the simple meaning of Maimonides's 13 principles of Jewish faith are heretics. As such, most of Orthodox Judaism considers Reform and Reconstructionist Judaism heretical movements, and regards most of Conservative Judaism as heretical. The liberal wing of Modern Orthodoxy is more tolerant of Conservative Judaism, particularly its right wing, as there is some theological and practical overlap between these groups.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: The part of a bird that allows it to take flight or glide through the air is called? | [
3,
3108,
1
] |
wing
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
1657,
26813,
19,
16910,
261,
16,
844,
28,
3,
9,
508,
6502,
3053,
5,
611,
6,
8,
12729,
6,
3,
9,
24448,
3385,
6502,
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86,
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38,
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6,
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16,
844,
28,
3,
9,
306,
6145,
13,
389,
4707,
1608,
7,
11,
24884,
7,
6,
554,
18,
434,
295,
35,
5216,
7,
6,
590,
28,
4550,
155,
7220,
3,
11755,
663,
7,
6,
4093,
30,
4488,
8843,
15,
2818,
5,
86,
7345,
18850,
11990,
9352,
6,
6664,
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17,
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8,
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274,
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301,
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5,
86,
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18,
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11,
8,
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6,
8,
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774,
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30,
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41,
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10,
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3,
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5,
51,
5,
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7,
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8,
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42,
28,
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5216,
7,
13,
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5,
3394,
31,
7,
1430,
535,
6,
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8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2840,
19,
8,
3994,
1213,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The term Carnival is traditionally used in areas with a large Catholic presence. However, the Philippines, a predominantly Roman Catholic country, does not celebrate Carnival anymore since the dissolution of the Manila Carnival after 1939, the last carnival in the country. In historically Lutheran countries, the celebration is known as Fastelavn, and in areas with a high concentration of Anglicans and Methodists, pre-Lenten celebrations, along with penitential observances, occur on Shrove Tuesday. In Eastern Orthodox nations, Maslenitsa is celebrated during the last week before Great Lent. In German-speaking Europe and the Netherlands, the Carnival season traditionally opens on 11/11 (often at 11:11 a.m.). This dates back to celebrations before the Advent season or with harvest celebrations of St. Martin's Day.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Where is the festival held? | [
16,
844,
28,
3,
9,
508,
6502,
3053,
1
] |
in areas with a large Catholic presence
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
1657,
26813,
19,
16910,
261,
16,
844,
28,
3,
9,
508,
6502,
3053,
5,
611,
6,
8,
12729,
6,
3,
9,
24448,
3385,
6502,
684,
6,
405,
59,
4036,
26813,
7595,
437,
8,
1028,
14913,
13,
8,
25432,
26813,
227,
957,
3288,
6,
8,
336,
29482,
16,
8,
684,
5,
86,
20160,
15026,
152,
1440,
6,
8,
5216,
19,
801,
38,
6805,
15,
521,
208,
29,
6,
11,
16,
844,
28,
3,
9,
306,
6145,
13,
389,
4707,
1608,
7,
11,
24884,
7,
6,
554,
18,
434,
295,
35,
5216,
7,
6,
590,
28,
4550,
155,
7220,
3,
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663,
7,
6,
4093,
30,
4488,
8843,
15,
2818,
5,
86,
7345,
18850,
11990,
9352,
6,
6664,
26532,
17,
7,
9,
19,
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383,
8,
336,
471,
274,
1651,
301,
295,
5,
86,
2968,
18,
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1740,
11,
8,
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6,
8,
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16910,
9540,
30,
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20223,
41,
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324,
44,
850,
10,
2596,
3,
9,
5,
51,
5,
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223,
12,
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7,
274,
8,
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42,
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31,
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535,
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8,
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822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
5763,
12,
213,
8,
3994,
19,
1213,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The term Carnival is traditionally used in areas with a large Catholic presence. However, the Philippines, a predominantly Roman Catholic country, does not celebrate Carnival anymore since the dissolution of the Manila Carnival after 1939, the last carnival in the country. In historically Lutheran countries, the celebration is known as Fastelavn, and in areas with a high concentration of Anglicans and Methodists, pre-Lenten celebrations, along with penitential observances, occur on Shrove Tuesday. In Eastern Orthodox nations, Maslenitsa is celebrated during the last week before Great Lent. In German-speaking Europe and the Netherlands, the Carnival season traditionally opens on 11/11 (often at 11:11 a.m.). This dates back to celebrations before the Advent season or with harvest celebrations of St. Martin's Day.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the exception to where the festival is held? | [
8,
12729,
6,
3,
9,
24448,
3385,
6502,
684,
6,
405,
59,
4036,
26813,
1
] |
the Philippines, a predominantly Roman Catholic country, does not celebrate Carnival
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
1657,
26813,
19,
16910,
261,
16,
844,
28,
3,
9,
508,
6502,
3053,
5,
611,
6,
8,
12729,
6,
3,
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6,
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5,
51,
5,
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223,
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274,
8,
21333,
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42,
28,
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5216,
7,
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5,
3394,
31,
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822,
5,
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24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
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10,
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Given the following passage
"The term Carnival is traditionally used in areas with a large Catholic presence. However, the Philippines, a predominantly Roman Catholic country, does not celebrate Carnival anymore since the dissolution of the Manila Carnival after 1939, the last carnival in the country. In historically Lutheran countries, the celebration is known as Fastelavn, and in areas with a high concentration of Anglicans and Methodists, pre-Lenten celebrations, along with penitential observances, occur on Shrove Tuesday. In Eastern Orthodox nations, Maslenitsa is celebrated during the last week before Great Lent. In German-speaking Europe and the Netherlands, the Carnival season traditionally opens on 11/11 (often at 11:11 a.m.). This dates back to celebrations before the Advent season or with harvest celebrations of St. Martin's Day.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is another name for the celebration? | [
6664,
26532,
17,
7,
9,
1
] |
Maslenitsa
|
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Given the following passage
"The term Carnival is traditionally used in areas with a large Catholic presence. However, the Philippines, a predominantly Roman Catholic country, does not celebrate Carnival anymore since the dissolution of the Manila Carnival after 1939, the last carnival in the country. In historically Lutheran countries, the celebration is known as Fastelavn, and in areas with a high concentration of Anglicans and Methodists, pre-Lenten celebrations, along with penitential observances, occur on Shrove Tuesday. In Eastern Orthodox nations, Maslenitsa is celebrated during the last week before Great Lent. In German-speaking Europe and the Netherlands, the Carnival season traditionally opens on 11/11 (often at 11:11 a.m.). This dates back to celebrations before the Advent season or with harvest celebrations of St. Martin's Day.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the impetus for how German-speakers celebrate? | [
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7,
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] |
celebrations before the Advent season or with harvest celebrations of St. Martin's Day
|
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Given the following passage
"The term Carnival is traditionally used in areas with a large Catholic presence. However, the Philippines, a predominantly Roman Catholic country, does not celebrate Carnival anymore since the dissolution of the Manila Carnival after 1939, the last carnival in the country. In historically Lutheran countries, the celebration is known as Fastelavn, and in areas with a high concentration of Anglicans and Methodists, pre-Lenten celebrations, along with penitential observances, occur on Shrove Tuesday. In Eastern Orthodox nations, Maslenitsa is celebrated during the last week before Great Lent. In German-speaking Europe and the Netherlands, the Carnival season traditionally opens on 11/11 (often at 11:11 a.m.). This dates back to celebrations before the Advent season or with harvest celebrations of St. Martin's Day.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What do Anglicans do? | [
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] |
in areas with a high concentration of Anglicans and Methodists, pre-Lenten celebrations, along with penitential observances, occur on Shrove Tuesday
|
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] |
Given the following passage
"Catalina Highway stretches 25 miles (40 km) and the entire mountain range is one of Tucson's most popular vacation spots for cycling, hiking, rock climbing, camping, birding, and wintertime snowboarding and skiing. Near the top of Mt. Lemmon is the town of Summerhaven. In Summerhaven, visitors will find log houses and cabins, a general store, and various shops, as well as numerous hiking trails. Near Summerhaven is the road to Ski Valley which hosts a ski lift, several runs, a giftshop, and nearby restaurant.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is a popular activity along Catalina Highway that involves trekking through the wilderness in search of feathered wildlife? | [
5963,
53,
1
] |
birding
|
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] |
Given the following passage
"Catalina Highway stretches 25 miles (40 km) and the entire mountain range is one of Tucson's most popular vacation spots for cycling, hiking, rock climbing, camping, birding, and wintertime snowboarding and skiing. Near the top of Mt. Lemmon is the town of Summerhaven. In Summerhaven, visitors will find log houses and cabins, a general store, and various shops, as well as numerous hiking trails. Near Summerhaven is the road to Ski Valley which hosts a ski lift, several runs, a giftshop, and nearby restaurant.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is a popular activity along Catalina Highway that involves riding a single sliding object down a snowy slope? | [
27174,
53,
1
] |
snowboarding
|
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] |
Given the following passage
"Catalina Highway stretches 25 miles (40 km) and the entire mountain range is one of Tucson's most popular vacation spots for cycling, hiking, rock climbing, camping, birding, and wintertime snowboarding and skiing. Near the top of Mt. Lemmon is the town of Summerhaven. In Summerhaven, visitors will find log houses and cabins, a general store, and various shops, as well as numerous hiking trails. Near Summerhaven is the road to Ski Valley which hosts a ski lift, several runs, a giftshop, and nearby restaurant.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Where might travelers pick up snacks and supplies in the town of Summerhaven? | [
879,
1078,
1
] |
general store
|
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] |
Given the following passage
"Catalina Highway stretches 25 miles (40 km) and the entire mountain range is one of Tucson's most popular vacation spots for cycling, hiking, rock climbing, camping, birding, and wintertime snowboarding and skiing. Near the top of Mt. Lemmon is the town of Summerhaven. In Summerhaven, visitors will find log houses and cabins, a general store, and various shops, as well as numerous hiking trails. Near Summerhaven is the road to Ski Valley which hosts a ski lift, several runs, a giftshop, and nearby restaurant.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Besides shops and log homes, what is feature close to Summerhaven that is popular during the winter months? | [
7409,
3460,
1
] |
Ski Valley
|
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277,
13,
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3460,
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12815,
725,
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] |
Given the following passage
"Catalina Highway stretches 25 miles (40 km) and the entire mountain range is one of Tucson's most popular vacation spots for cycling, hiking, rock climbing, camping, birding, and wintertime snowboarding and skiing. Near the top of Mt. Lemmon is the town of Summerhaven. In Summerhaven, visitors will find log houses and cabins, a general store, and various shops, as well as numerous hiking trails. Near Summerhaven is the road to Ski Valley which hosts a ski lift, several runs, a giftshop, and nearby restaurant.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: After a day of skiing, where can skiers of Ski Valley go to fill their bellies? | [
4676,
2062,
1
] |
nearby restaurant
|
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560,
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11,
391,
5,
434,
5,
472,
630,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2449,
24,
1431,
1335,
2467,
125,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Since 2009, the Tucson Festival of Books has been held annually over a two-day period in March at the University of Arizona. By 2010 it had become the fourth largest book festival in the United States, with 450 authors and 80,000 attendees. In addition to readings and lectures, it features a science fair, varied entertainment, food, and exhibitors ranging from local retailers and publishers to regional and national nonprofit organizations. In 2011, the Festival began presenting a Founder's Award; recipients include Elmore Leonard and R.L. Stine.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: People that write books attend what? | [
28226,
3397,
13,
10022,
1
] |
Tucson Festival of Books
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
134,
77,
565,
2464,
6,
8,
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65,
118,
1213,
10943,
147,
3,
9,
192,
18,
1135,
1059,
16,
1332,
44,
8,
636,
13,
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5,
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8,
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8,
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6,
28,
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34,
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6,
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11,
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3,
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3,
9,
3,
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31,
7,
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560,
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8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
2581,
3,
6808,
12082,
4346,
751,
46,
2760,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Since 2009, the Tucson Festival of Books has been held annually over a two-day period in March at the University of Arizona. By 2010 it had become the fourth largest book festival in the United States, with 450 authors and 80,000 attendees. In addition to readings and lectures, it features a science fair, varied entertainment, food, and exhibitors ranging from local retailers and publishers to regional and national nonprofit organizations. In 2011, the Festival began presenting a Founder's Award; recipients include Elmore Leonard and R.L. Stine.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What famous teen horror writer won an award? | [
391,
5,
434,
5,
472,
630,
1
] |
R.L. Stine
|
[
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8,
826,
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96,
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8,
166,
215,
6,
8,
3994,
1285,
149,
186,
151,
38,
915,
277,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Since 2009, the Tucson Festival of Books has been held annually over a two-day period in March at the University of Arizona. By 2010 it had become the fourth largest book festival in the United States, with 450 authors and 80,000 attendees. In addition to readings and lectures, it features a science fair, varied entertainment, food, and exhibitors ranging from local retailers and publishers to regional and national nonprofit organizations. In 2011, the Festival began presenting a Founder's Award; recipients include Elmore Leonard and R.L. Stine.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: After the first year, the festival included how many people as presenters? | [
3,
10593,
1
] |
450
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
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6,
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3397,
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65,
118,
1213,
10943,
147,
3,
9,
192,
18,
1135,
1059,
16,
1332,
44,
8,
636,
13,
7601,
5,
938,
2735,
34,
141,
582,
8,
4509,
2015,
484,
3994,
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8,
907,
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34,
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11,
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45,
415,
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11,
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11069,
2371,
5,
86,
8558,
8,
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3,
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3,
9,
3,
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31,
7,
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560,
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3706,
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11,
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5,
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5,
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630,
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6,
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8,
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822,
5,
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24,
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19,
915,
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8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
621,
8,
166,
215,
6,
8,
3994,
141,
186,
5943,
68,
125,
103,
25,
580,
8,
151,
24,
764,
12,
217,
135,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Since 2009, the Tucson Festival of Books has been held annually over a two-day period in March at the University of Arizona. By 2010 it had become the fourth largest book festival in the United States, with 450 authors and 80,000 attendees. In addition to readings and lectures, it features a science fair, varied entertainment, food, and exhibitors ranging from local retailers and publishers to regional and national nonprofit organizations. In 2011, the Festival began presenting a Founder's Award; recipients include Elmore Leonard and R.L. Stine.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: After the first year, the festival had many writers but what do you call the people that came to see them? | [
13229,
1
] |
attendees
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
7,
13,
8,
23087,
13,
8693,
132,
130,
3,
25356,
6,
20159,
151,
6,
204,
3166,
6,
3959,
357,
15802,
6,
11,
850,
4482,
2128,
755,
1791,
3,
19801,
16,
8,
690,
5,
37,
2074,
11048,
47,
3,
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5,
536,
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399,
2812,
7728,
41,
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87,
5848,
15070,
290,
130,
460,
1298,
6,
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4198,
3499,
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44,
46,
1348,
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1914,
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399,
2812,
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27220,
87,
5848,
15070,
37,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
9244,
13,
8,
690,
47,
3,
3951,
5,
6170,
1945,
41,
3035,
45,
3,
4240,
5,
5953,
16,
7434,
201,
3594,
6932,
1589,
42,
3850,
18,
8778,
6,
1682,
6170,
13424,
797,
6,
1682,
7561,
6578,
6,
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49,
6,
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822,
5,
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24,
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19,
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441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
101,
60,
132,
72,
151,
42,
15802,
16,
2735,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"As of the census of 2010, there were 520,116 people, 229,762 households, and 112,455 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,500.1 inhabitants per square mile (965.3/km²). There were 209,609 housing units at an average density of 1,076.7 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.7% White (down from 94.8% in 1970), 5.0% Black or African-American, 2.7% Native American, 2.9% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 41.6% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 47.2% of the population in 2010, down from 72.8% in 1970.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Were there more people or households in 2010? | [
151,
1
] |
people
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
7,
13,
8,
23087,
13,
8693,
132,
130,
3,
25356,
6,
20159,
151,
6,
204,
3166,
6,
3959,
357,
15802,
6,
11,
850,
4482,
2128,
755,
1791,
3,
19801,
16,
8,
690,
5,
37,
2074,
11048,
47,
3,
22092,
5,
536,
21155,
399,
2812,
7728,
41,
4314,
26627,
87,
5848,
15070,
290,
130,
460,
1298,
6,
948,
4198,
3499,
3173,
44,
46,
1348,
11048,
13,
1914,
4560,
29045,
399,
2812,
7728,
41,
4853,
27220,
87,
5848,
15070,
37,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
9244,
13,
8,
690,
47,
3,
3951,
5,
6170,
1945,
41,
3035,
45,
3,
4240,
5,
5953,
16,
7434,
201,
3594,
6932,
1589,
42,
3850,
18,
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6,
1682,
6170,
13424,
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6,
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6,
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2834,
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6,
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8,
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822,
5,
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24,
8,
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19,
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441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
4073,
1964,
19,
8,
709,
168,
7283,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"As of the census of 2010, there were 520,116 people, 229,762 households, and 112,455 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,500.1 inhabitants per square mile (965.3/km²). There were 209,609 housing units at an average density of 1,076.7 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.7% White (down from 94.8% in 1970), 5.0% Black or African-American, 2.7% Native American, 2.9% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 41.6% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 47.2% of the population in 2010, down from 72.8% in 1970.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which race is the least well represented? | [
5824,
2834,
49,
1
] |
Pacific Islander
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
7,
13,
8,
23087,
13,
8693,
132,
130,
3,
25356,
6,
20159,
151,
6,
204,
3166,
6,
3959,
357,
15802,
6,
11,
850,
4482,
2128,
755,
1791,
3,
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16,
8,
690,
5,
37,
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47,
3,
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5,
536,
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399,
2812,
7728,
41,
4314,
26627,
87,
5848,
15070,
290,
130,
460,
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6,
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4198,
3499,
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46,
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13,
1914,
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29045,
399,
2812,
7728,
41,
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87,
5848,
15070,
37,
3,
52,
9,
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9244,
13,
8,
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47,
3,
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5,
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1945,
41,
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45,
3,
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5,
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16,
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201,
3594,
6932,
1589,
42,
3850,
18,
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6,
1682,
6170,
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6,
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6578,
6,
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5824,
2834,
49,
6,
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45,
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6,
11,
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42,
72,
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5,
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5,
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8,
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5,
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18,
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2532,
1945,
7,
130,
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5,
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13,
8,
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16,
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323,
45,
9455,
5,
5953,
16,
7434,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
4073,
19,
1146,
13,
3499,
3173,
11,
15802,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"As of the census of 2010, there were 520,116 people, 229,762 households, and 112,455 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,500.1 inhabitants per square mile (965.3/km²). There were 209,609 housing units at an average density of 1,076.7 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.7% White (down from 94.8% in 1970), 5.0% Black or African-American, 2.7% Native American, 2.9% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 41.6% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 47.2% of the population in 2010, down from 72.8% in 1970.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which is higher of housing units and households? | [
15802,
1
] |
households
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
7,
13,
8,
23087,
13,
8693,
132,
130,
3,
25356,
6,
20159,
151,
6,
204,
3166,
6,
3959,
357,
15802,
6,
11,
850,
4482,
2128,
755,
1791,
3,
19801,
16,
8,
690,
5,
37,
2074,
11048,
47,
3,
22092,
5,
536,
21155,
399,
2812,
7728,
41,
4314,
26627,
87,
5848,
15070,
290,
130,
460,
1298,
6,
948,
4198,
3499,
3173,
44,
46,
1348,
11048,
13,
1914,
4560,
29045,
399,
2812,
7728,
41,
4853,
27220,
87,
5848,
15070,
37,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
9244,
13,
8,
690,
47,
3,
3951,
5,
6170,
1945,
41,
3035,
45,
3,
4240,
5,
5953,
16,
7434,
201,
3594,
6932,
1589,
42,
3850,
18,
8778,
6,
1682,
6170,
13424,
797,
6,
1682,
7561,
6578,
6,
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5406,
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2834,
49,
6,
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45,
119,
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6,
11,
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8,
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822,
5,
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24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
101,
60,
132,
72,
13424,
5452,
42,
6578,
7,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"As of the census of 2010, there were 520,116 people, 229,762 households, and 112,455 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,500.1 inhabitants per square mile (965.3/km²). There were 209,609 housing units at an average density of 1,076.7 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.7% White (down from 94.8% in 1970), 5.0% Black or African-American, 2.7% Native American, 2.9% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 41.6% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 47.2% of the population in 2010, down from 72.8% in 1970.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Were there more Native Americans or Asians? | [
6578,
1
] |
Asian
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
7,
13,
8,
23087,
13,
8693,
132,
130,
3,
25356,
6,
20159,
151,
6,
204,
3166,
6,
3959,
357,
15802,
6,
11,
850,
4482,
2128,
755,
1791,
3,
19801,
16,
8,
690,
5,
37,
2074,
11048,
47,
3,
22092,
5,
536,
21155,
399,
2812,
7728,
41,
4314,
26627,
87,
5848,
15070,
290,
130,
460,
1298,
6,
948,
4198,
3499,
3173,
44,
46,
1348,
11048,
13,
1914,
4560,
29045,
399,
2812,
7728,
41,
4853,
27220,
87,
5848,
15070,
37,
3,
52,
9,
4703,
9244,
13,
8,
690,
47,
3,
3951,
5,
6170,
1945,
41,
3035,
45,
3,
4240,
5,
5953,
16,
7434,
201,
3594,
6932,
1589,
42,
3850,
18,
8778,
6,
1682,
6170,
13424,
797,
6,
1682,
7561,
6578,
6,
4097,
5406,
5824,
2834,
49,
6,
10128,
7561,
45,
119,
10879,
6,
11,
1877,
5953,
45,
192,
42,
72,
10879,
5,
978,
2837,
447,
42,
6271,
32,
13,
136,
1964,
130,
8798,
5,
6370,
13,
8,
2074,
5,
5388,
18,
12146,
14147,
2532,
1945,
7,
130,
10635,
5,
5406,
13,
8,
2074,
16,
8693,
323,
45,
9455,
5,
5953,
16,
7434,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
4073,
47,
1146,
16,
7434,
10,
8,
5294,
13,
872,
7,
42,
8,
5294,
13,
529,
18,
10193,
2837,
447,
872,
7,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"As of the census of 2010, there were 520,116 people, 229,762 households, and 112,455 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,500.1 inhabitants per square mile (965.3/km²). There were 209,609 housing units at an average density of 1,076.7 per square mile (415.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.7% White (down from 94.8% in 1970), 5.0% Black or African-American, 2.7% Native American, 2.9% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 41.6% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 47.2% of the population in 2010, down from 72.8% in 1970.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which was higher in 1970: the percentage of whites or the percentage of non-hispanic whites? | [
1945,
1
] |
White
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
46,
1941,
12,
14928,
387,
6,
28226,
19,
3,
60,
4059,
3896,
1591,
3552,
4471,
57,
1180,
294,
13,
165,
698,
13,
3,
16986,
387,
139,
796,
539,
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13,
415,
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217,
102,
139,
70,
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9,
1169,
1010,
5,
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810,
19,
5018,
12,
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8,
866,
13,
387,
24,
19,
1513,
190,
3,
15,
11373,
257,
45,
8,
539,
844,
6,
902,
383,
8,
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5,
37,
896,
13,
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641,
795,
3,
60,
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387,
12,
165,
21155,
6,
68,
34,
19,
163,
261,
21,
96,
12251,
7,
224,
38,
21455,
6,
5784,
610,
6,
11,
2913,
2284,
535,
506,
1438,
43,
118,
16,
286,
21,
72,
145,
2307,
203,
6,
11,
2156,
12,
147,
3,
7015,
3248,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
133,
36,
3,
9,
3338,
3,
99,
79,
4567,
12,
103,
34,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In an effort to conserve water, Tucson is recharging groundwater supplies by running part of its share of CAP water into various open portions of local rivers to seep into their aquifer. Additional study is scheduled to determine the amount of water that is lost through evaporation from the open areas, especially during the summer. The City of Tucson already provides reclaimed water to its inhabitants, but it is only used for "applications such as irrigation, dust control, and industrial uses." These resources have been in place for more than 27 years, and deliver to over 900 locations.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What would be a failure if they failed to do it? | [
14928,
387,
1
] |
conserve water
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
46,
1941,
12,
14928,
387,
6,
28226,
19,
3,
60,
4059,
3896,
1591,
3552,
4471,
57,
1180,
294,
13,
165,
698,
13,
3,
16986,
387,
139,
796,
539,
17622,
13,
415,
16912,
12,
217,
102,
139,
70,
3,
9,
1169,
1010,
5,
11180,
810,
19,
5018,
12,
2082,
8,
866,
13,
387,
24,
19,
1513,
190,
3,
15,
11373,
257,
45,
8,
539,
844,
6,
902,
383,
8,
1248,
5,
37,
896,
13,
28226,
641,
795,
3,
60,
20471,
387,
12,
165,
21155,
6,
68,
34,
19,
163,
261,
21,
96,
12251,
7,
224,
38,
21455,
6,
5784,
610,
6,
11,
2913,
2284,
535,
506,
1438,
43,
118,
16,
286,
21,
72,
145,
2307,
203,
6,
11,
2156,
12,
147,
3,
7015,
3248,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
3,
9,
194,
3,
9,
3487,
4049,
1273,
15,
7,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In an effort to conserve water, Tucson is recharging groundwater supplies by running part of its share of CAP water into various open portions of local rivers to seep into their aquifer. Additional study is scheduled to determine the amount of water that is lost through evaporation from the open areas, especially during the summer. The City of Tucson already provides reclaimed water to its inhabitants, but it is only used for "applications such as irrigation, dust control, and industrial uses." These resources have been in place for more than 27 years, and deliver to over 900 locations.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is a way a resource vanishes? | [
3,
15,
11373,
257,
1
] |
evaporation
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
46,
1941,
12,
14928,
387,
6,
28226,
19,
3,
60,
4059,
3896,
1591,
3552,
4471,
57,
1180,
294,
13,
165,
698,
13,
3,
16986,
387,
139,
796,
539,
17622,
13,
415,
16912,
12,
217,
102,
139,
70,
3,
9,
1169,
1010,
5,
11180,
810,
19,
5018,
12,
2082,
8,
866,
13,
387,
24,
19,
1513,
190,
3,
15,
11373,
257,
45,
8,
539,
844,
6,
902,
383,
8,
1248,
5,
37,
896,
13,
28226,
641,
795,
3,
60,
20471,
387,
12,
165,
21155,
6,
68,
34,
19,
163,
261,
21,
96,
12251,
7,
224,
38,
21455,
6,
5784,
610,
6,
11,
2913,
2284,
535,
506,
1438,
43,
118,
16,
286,
21,
72,
145,
2307,
203,
6,
11,
2156,
12,
147,
3,
7015,
3248,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
167,
952,
616,
3,
9,
3487,
4049,
1273,
15,
7,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In an effort to conserve water, Tucson is recharging groundwater supplies by running part of its share of CAP water into various open portions of local rivers to seep into their aquifer. Additional study is scheduled to determine the amount of water that is lost through evaporation from the open areas, especially during the summer. The City of Tucson already provides reclaimed water to its inhabitants, but it is only used for "applications such as irrigation, dust control, and industrial uses." These resources have been in place for more than 27 years, and deliver to over 900 locations.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the most likely area a resource vanishes? | [
539,
844,
1
] |
open areas
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
46,
1941,
12,
14928,
387,
6,
28226,
19,
3,
60,
4059,
3896,
1591,
3552,
4471,
57,
1180,
294,
13,
165,
698,
13,
3,
16986,
387,
139,
796,
539,
17622,
13,
415,
16912,
12,
217,
102,
139,
70,
3,
9,
1169,
1010,
5,
11180,
810,
19,
5018,
12,
2082,
8,
866,
13,
387,
24,
19,
1513,
190,
3,
15,
11373,
257,
45,
8,
539,
844,
6,
902,
383,
8,
1248,
5,
37,
896,
13,
28226,
641,
795,
3,
60,
20471,
387,
12,
165,
21155,
6,
68,
34,
19,
163,
261,
21,
96,
12251,
7,
224,
38,
21455,
6,
5784,
610,
6,
11,
2913,
2284,
535,
506,
1438,
43,
118,
16,
286,
21,
72,
145,
2307,
203,
6,
11,
2156,
12,
147,
3,
7015,
3248,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
3,
9,
564,
21,
3,
9,
3487,
24,
19,
3,
7483,
223,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In an effort to conserve water, Tucson is recharging groundwater supplies by running part of its share of CAP water into various open portions of local rivers to seep into their aquifer. Additional study is scheduled to determine the amount of water that is lost through evaporation from the open areas, especially during the summer. The City of Tucson already provides reclaimed water to its inhabitants, but it is only used for "applications such as irrigation, dust control, and industrial uses." These resources have been in place for more than 27 years, and deliver to over 900 locations.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is a name for a resource that is gotten back? | [
3,
60,
20471,
387,
1
] |
reclaimed water
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
1570,
46,
1941,
12,
14928,
387,
6,
28226,
19,
3,
60,
4059,
3896,
1591,
3552,
4471,
57,
1180,
294,
13,
165,
698,
13,
3,
16986,
387,
139,
796,
539,
17622,
13,
415,
16912,
12,
217,
102,
139,
70,
3,
9,
1169,
1010,
5,
11180,
810,
19,
5018,
12,
2082,
8,
866,
13,
387,
24,
19,
1513,
190,
3,
15,
11373,
257,
45,
8,
539,
844,
6,
902,
383,
8,
1248,
5,
37,
896,
13,
28226,
641,
795,
3,
60,
20471,
387,
12,
165,
21155,
6,
68,
34,
19,
163,
261,
21,
96,
12251,
7,
224,
38,
21455,
6,
5784,
610,
6,
11,
2913,
2284,
535,
506,
1438,
43,
118,
16,
286,
21,
72,
145,
2307,
203,
6,
11,
2156,
12,
147,
3,
7015,
3248,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
94,
31,
7,
59,
3,
7015,
203,
34,
31,
7,
118,
16,
286,
21,
2307,
3248,
6,
68,
125,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"In an effort to conserve water, Tucson is recharging groundwater supplies by running part of its share of CAP water into various open portions of local rivers to seep into their aquifer. Additional study is scheduled to determine the amount of water that is lost through evaporation from the open areas, especially during the summer. The City of Tucson already provides reclaimed water to its inhabitants, but it is only used for "applications such as irrigation, dust control, and industrial uses." These resources have been in place for more than 27 years, and deliver to over 900 locations.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: It's not 900 years it's been in place for 27 locations, but what? | [
2307,
203,
6,
11,
2156,
12,
147,
3,
7015,
3248,
1
] |
27 years, and deliver to over 900 locations
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
7855,
127,
12,
25439,
6,
9299,
261,
8,
19920,
11117,
4793,
28,
8,
216,
9427,
9,
3,
1498,
21,
879,
3659,
11,
8,
20080,
4793,
21,
5043,
3659,
5,
37,
456,
13,
8,
5043,
215,
47,
3725,
3599,
44,
209,
1332,
11,
8,
215,
381,
47,
10209,
7072,
12,
8,
216,
9427,
9,
215,
41,
2338,
17355,
23,
4793,
137,
282,
8,
3693,
215,
19,
1200,
145,
8,
19920,
215,
48,
5330,
3,
295,
10990,
8,
169,
13,
96,
15,
12002,
203,
121,
334,
78,
557,
116,
8,
381,
13,
8,
5043,
215,
133,
4418,
5,
1029,
209,
1332,
25439,
8,
5043,
215,
1632,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
6,
1066,
145,
20080,
5,
461,
209,
1762,
957,
2688,
8,
169,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
47,
4760,
12,
560,
169,
21,
879,
3659,
11,
8,
381,
13,
8,
215,
1632,
8,
337,
38,
16,
119,
1440,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
773,
13,
97,
2627,
358,
19,
261,
16,
9299,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Prior to 1917, Turkey used the lunar Islamic calendar with the Hegira era for general purposes and the Julian calendar for fiscal purposes. The start of the fiscal year was eventually fixed at 1 March and the year number was roughly equivalent to the Hegira year (see Rumi calendar). As the solar year is longer than the lunar year this originally entailed the use of "escape years" every so often when the number of the fiscal year would jump. From 1 March 1917 the fiscal year became Gregorian, rather than Julian. On 1 January 1926 the use of the Gregorian calendar was extended to include use for general purposes and the number of the year became the same as in other countries.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What kind of time keeping system is used in Turkey? | [
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
1
] |
the Gregorian calendar
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
7855,
127,
12,
25439,
6,
9299,
261,
8,
19920,
11117,
4793,
28,
8,
216,
9427,
9,
3,
1498,
21,
879,
3659,
11,
8,
20080,
4793,
21,
5043,
3659,
5,
37,
456,
13,
8,
5043,
215,
47,
3725,
3599,
44,
209,
1332,
11,
8,
215,
381,
47,
10209,
7072,
12,
8,
216,
9427,
9,
215,
41,
2338,
17355,
23,
4793,
137,
282,
8,
3693,
215,
19,
1200,
145,
8,
19920,
215,
48,
5330,
3,
295,
10990,
8,
169,
13,
96,
15,
12002,
203,
121,
334,
78,
557,
116,
8,
381,
13,
8,
5043,
215,
133,
4418,
5,
1029,
209,
1332,
25439,
8,
5043,
215,
1632,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
6,
1066,
145,
20080,
5,
461,
209,
1762,
957,
2688,
8,
169,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
47,
4760,
12,
560,
169,
21,
879,
3659,
11,
8,
381,
13,
8,
215,
1632,
8,
337,
38,
16,
119,
1440,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
4793,
19,
3,
4822,
12,
21,
5043,
2081,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Prior to 1917, Turkey used the lunar Islamic calendar with the Hegira era for general purposes and the Julian calendar for fiscal purposes. The start of the fiscal year was eventually fixed at 1 March and the year number was roughly equivalent to the Hegira year (see Rumi calendar). As the solar year is longer than the lunar year this originally entailed the use of "escape years" every so often when the number of the fiscal year would jump. From 1 March 1917 the fiscal year became Gregorian, rather than Julian. On 1 January 1926 the use of the Gregorian calendar was extended to include use for general purposes and the number of the year became the same as in other countries.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What calendar is referred to for fiscal reasons? | [
17355,
23,
1
] |
Rumi
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
7855,
127,
12,
25439,
6,
9299,
261,
8,
19920,
11117,
4793,
28,
8,
216,
9427,
9,
3,
1498,
21,
879,
3659,
11,
8,
20080,
4793,
21,
5043,
3659,
5,
37,
456,
13,
8,
5043,
215,
47,
3725,
3599,
44,
209,
1332,
11,
8,
215,
381,
47,
10209,
7072,
12,
8,
216,
9427,
9,
215,
41,
2338,
17355,
23,
4793,
137,
282,
8,
3693,
215,
19,
1200,
145,
8,
19920,
215,
48,
5330,
3,
295,
10990,
8,
169,
13,
96,
15,
12002,
203,
121,
334,
78,
557,
116,
8,
381,
13,
8,
5043,
215,
133,
4418,
5,
1029,
209,
1332,
25439,
8,
5043,
215,
1632,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
6,
1066,
145,
20080,
5,
461,
209,
1762,
957,
2688,
8,
169,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
47,
4760,
12,
560,
169,
21,
879,
3659,
11,
8,
381,
13,
8,
215,
1632,
8,
337,
38,
16,
119,
1440,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
97,
1059,
1509,
8,
169,
13,
8,
4793,
28,
8,
19920,
215,
16,
9299,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Prior to 1917, Turkey used the lunar Islamic calendar with the Hegira era for general purposes and the Julian calendar for fiscal purposes. The start of the fiscal year was eventually fixed at 1 March and the year number was roughly equivalent to the Hegira year (see Rumi calendar). As the solar year is longer than the lunar year this originally entailed the use of "escape years" every so often when the number of the fiscal year would jump. From 1 March 1917 the fiscal year became Gregorian, rather than Julian. On 1 January 1926 the use of the Gregorian calendar was extended to include use for general purposes and the number of the year became the same as in other countries.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What time period saw the use of the calendar with the lunar year in Turkey? | [
216,
9427,
9,
3,
1498,
1
] |
Hegira era
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
19,
3,
9,
3693,
4793,
5,
71,
1646,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
215,
3,
6848,
13,
3,
10402,
477,
6,
68,
38,
16,
8,
20080,
4793,
6,
16,
3,
9,
14527,
215,
6,
3,
9,
14527,
239,
19,
974,
12,
2083,
5,
86,
8,
20080,
4793,
3,
9,
14527,
215,
6986,
334,
314,
203,
6,
68,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
3,
32,
1538,
7,
220,
14527,
477,
334,
4837,
203,
5,
86,
8,
20080,
4793,
6,
48,
14527,
239,
47,
3,
19435,
57,
3,
30421,
997,
2083,
6,
11,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
5139,
410,
59,
483,
8,
833,
13,
8,
14527,
239,
5,
86,
8,
941,
1059,
6,
34,
65,
582,
1653,
1208,
12,
381,
8,
477,
45,
8,
1849,
13,
8,
847,
6,
11,
2083,
2838,
189,
19,
557,
1702,
38,
8,
14527,
239,
5,
886,
9894,
6,
3,
20283,
8,
3385,
6502,
2345,
6,
7230,
2083,
14856,
227,
8,
1902,
52,
26,
57,
80,
239,
16,
14527,
203,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
5859,
16,
14527,
203,
3223,
344,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
11,
20080,
4793,
7,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The Gregorian calendar is a solar calendar. A regular Gregorian year consists of 365 days, but as in the Julian calendar, in a leap year, a leap day is added to February. In the Julian calendar a leap year occurs every 4 years, but the Gregorian calendar omits 3 leap days every 400 years. In the Julian calendar, this leap day was inserted by doubling 24 February, and the Gregorian reform did not change the date of the leap day. In the modern period, it has become customary to number the days from the beginning of the month, and February 29th is often considered as the leap day. Some churches, notably the Roman Catholic Church, delay February festivals after the 23rd by one day in leap years.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What differences in leap years exist between Gregorian and Julian calendars? | [
20080,
4793,
3,
9,
14527,
215,
6986,
334,
314,
203,
1
] |
Julian calendar a leap year occurs every 4 years
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
19,
3,
9,
3693,
4793,
5,
71,
1646,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
215,
3,
6848,
13,
3,
10402,
477,
6,
68,
38,
16,
8,
20080,
4793,
6,
16,
3,
9,
14527,
215,
6,
3,
9,
14527,
239,
19,
974,
12,
2083,
5,
86,
8,
20080,
4793,
3,
9,
14527,
215,
6986,
334,
314,
203,
6,
68,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
3,
32,
1538,
7,
220,
14527,
477,
334,
4837,
203,
5,
86,
8,
20080,
4793,
6,
48,
14527,
239,
47,
3,
19435,
57,
3,
30421,
997,
2083,
6,
11,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
5139,
410,
59,
483,
8,
833,
13,
8,
14527,
239,
5,
86,
8,
941,
1059,
6,
34,
65,
582,
1653,
1208,
12,
381,
8,
477,
45,
8,
1849,
13,
8,
847,
6,
11,
2083,
2838,
189,
19,
557,
1702,
38,
8,
14527,
239,
5,
886,
9894,
6,
3,
20283,
8,
3385,
6502,
2345,
6,
7230,
2083,
14856,
227,
8,
1902,
52,
26,
57,
80,
239,
16,
14527,
203,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
3,
9,
14527,
215,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The Gregorian calendar is a solar calendar. A regular Gregorian year consists of 365 days, but as in the Julian calendar, in a leap year, a leap day is added to February. In the Julian calendar a leap year occurs every 4 years, but the Gregorian calendar omits 3 leap days every 400 years. In the Julian calendar, this leap day was inserted by doubling 24 February, and the Gregorian reform did not change the date of the leap day. In the modern period, it has become customary to number the days from the beginning of the month, and February 29th is often considered as the leap day. Some churches, notably the Roman Catholic Church, delay February festivals after the 23rd by one day in leap years.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is a leap year? | [
16,
3,
9,
14527,
215,
6,
3,
9,
14527,
239,
19,
974,
12,
2083,
1
] |
in a leap year, a leap day is added to February
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
634,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
19,
3,
9,
3693,
4793,
5,
71,
1646,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
215,
3,
6848,
13,
3,
10402,
477,
6,
68,
38,
16,
8,
20080,
4793,
6,
16,
3,
9,
14527,
215,
6,
3,
9,
14527,
239,
19,
974,
12,
2083,
5,
86,
8,
20080,
4793,
3,
9,
14527,
215,
6986,
334,
314,
203,
6,
68,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
3,
32,
1538,
7,
220,
14527,
477,
334,
4837,
203,
5,
86,
8,
20080,
4793,
6,
48,
14527,
239,
47,
3,
19435,
57,
3,
30421,
997,
2083,
6,
11,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
5139,
410,
59,
483,
8,
833,
13,
8,
14527,
239,
5,
86,
8,
941,
1059,
6,
34,
65,
582,
1653,
1208,
12,
381,
8,
477,
45,
8,
1849,
13,
8,
847,
6,
11,
2083,
2838,
189,
19,
557,
1702,
38,
8,
14527,
239,
5,
886,
9894,
6,
3,
20283,
8,
3385,
6502,
2345,
6,
7230,
2083,
14856,
227,
8,
1902,
52,
26,
57,
80,
239,
16,
14527,
203,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
571,
405,
8,
20080,
4793,
1115,
8,
14527,
215,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"The Gregorian calendar is a solar calendar. A regular Gregorian year consists of 365 days, but as in the Julian calendar, in a leap year, a leap day is added to February. In the Julian calendar a leap year occurs every 4 years, but the Gregorian calendar omits 3 leap days every 400 years. In the Julian calendar, this leap day was inserted by doubling 24 February, and the Gregorian reform did not change the date of the leap day. In the modern period, it has become customary to number the days from the beginning of the month, and February 29th is often considered as the leap day. Some churches, notably the Roman Catholic Church, delay February festivals after the 23rd by one day in leap years.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: How does the Julian calendar address the leap year? | [
334,
314,
203,
1
] |
every 4 years
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
29,
75,
4741,
5056,
937,
8,
1997,
31,
7,
1243,
307,
20341,
5,
14702,
4779,
2960,
302,
6,
8,
13188,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
6,
4466,
24,
8,
5056,
4686,
7598,
30,
8,
97,
116,
8,
1997,
2804,
190,
8,
548,
29,
138,
3,
15,
25653,
226,
3701,
30,
8,
2475,
13,
8,
1243,
10468,
215,
5,
10352,
3995,
3497,
88,
92,
4944,
5025,
60,
102,
28704,
5,
37,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
14527,
215,
3356,
41,
4327,
14527,
203,
16,
4837,
203,
61,
47,
474,
1039,
57,
26839,
7,
13430,
144,
302,
13,
781,
106,
9,
16,
627,
3328,
5,
216,
4466,
24,
34,
19,
4700,
28,
8,
10468,
215,
13,
8,
901,
89,
106,
7,
630,
5056,
11,
28,
8,
1243,
10468,
215,
13,
10400,
49,
2532,
302,
41,
2962,
9481,
23,
3465,
61,
11,
14317,
6134,
41,
345,
6830,
35,
447,
5056,
137,
37,
386,
1243,
10468,
203,
16,
30622,
23,
152,
3,
7,
994,
2568,
23,
11014,
38,
8,
7240,
147,
3,
10402,
477,
41,
532,
194,
79,
133,
43,
118,
21527,
45,
8,
5056,
13,
1243,
307,
20341,
61,
130,
11363,
4201,
6,
1298,
6,
3436,
41,
188,
40,
9621,
7,
630,
201,
11363,
4201,
6,
2596,
6,
2122,
41,
3881,
883,
2532,
302,
61,
11,
11363,
4201,
6,
1298,
6,
2266,
41,
1649,
77,
6134,
137,
432,
2620,
33,
8,
337,
12,
192,
1747,
41,
2534,
10,
4201,
61,
11,
48,
19,
92,
8,
1243,
2475,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
215,
5,
5309,
13430,
144,
302,
31,
1127,
133,
43,
3,
30868,
1402,
12,
8,
3,
12466,
277,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
1025,
381,
45,
8,
901,
9621,
7,
630,
563,
53,
38,
34,
65,
118,
21527,
45,
8,
5056,
13,
1243,
307,
20341,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Ancient tables provided the sun's mean longitude. Christopher Clavius, the architect of the Gregorian calendar, noted that the tables agreed neither on the time when the sun passed through the vernal equinox nor on the length of the mean tropical year. Tycho Brahe also noticed discrepancies. The Gregorian leap year rule (97 leap years in 400 years) was put forward by Petrus Pitatus of Verona in 1560. He noted that it is consistent with the tropical year of the Alfonsine tables and with the mean tropical year of Copernicus (De revolutionibus) and Reinhold (Prutenic tables). The three mean tropical years in Babylonian sexagesimals as the excess over 365 days (the way they would have been extracted from the tables of mean longitude) were 14,33,9,57 (Alphonsine), 14,33,11,12 (Copernicus) and 14,33,9,24 (Reinhold). All values are the same to two places (14:33) and this is also the mean length of the Gregorian year. Thus Pitatus' solution would have commended itself to the astronomers.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the third number from the Alphonsine grouping as it has been extracted from the tables of mean longitude? | [
668,
1
] |
9
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
29,
75,
4741,
5056,
937,
8,
1997,
31,
7,
1243,
307,
20341,
5,
14702,
4779,
2960,
302,
6,
8,
13188,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
6,
4466,
24,
8,
5056,
4686,
7598,
30,
8,
97,
116,
8,
1997,
2804,
190,
8,
548,
29,
138,
3,
15,
25653,
226,
3701,
30,
8,
2475,
13,
8,
1243,
10468,
215,
5,
10352,
3995,
3497,
88,
92,
4944,
5025,
60,
102,
28704,
5,
37,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
14527,
215,
3356,
41,
4327,
14527,
203,
16,
4837,
203,
61,
47,
474,
1039,
57,
26839,
7,
13430,
144,
302,
13,
781,
106,
9,
16,
627,
3328,
5,
216,
4466,
24,
34,
19,
4700,
28,
8,
10468,
215,
13,
8,
901,
89,
106,
7,
630,
5056,
11,
28,
8,
1243,
10468,
215,
13,
10400,
49,
2532,
302,
41,
2962,
9481,
23,
3465,
61,
11,
14317,
6134,
41,
345,
6830,
35,
447,
5056,
137,
37,
386,
1243,
10468,
203,
16,
30622,
23,
152,
3,
7,
994,
2568,
23,
11014,
38,
8,
7240,
147,
3,
10402,
477,
41,
532,
194,
79,
133,
43,
118,
21527,
45,
8,
5056,
13,
1243,
307,
20341,
61,
130,
11363,
4201,
6,
1298,
6,
3436,
41,
188,
40,
9621,
7,
630,
201,
11363,
4201,
6,
2596,
6,
2122,
41,
3881,
883,
2532,
302,
61,
11,
11363,
4201,
6,
1298,
6,
2266,
41,
1649,
77,
6134,
137,
432,
2620,
33,
8,
337,
12,
192,
1747,
41,
2534,
10,
4201,
61,
11,
48,
19,
92,
8,
1243,
2475,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
215,
5,
5309,
13430,
144,
302,
31,
1127,
133,
43,
3,
30868,
1402,
12,
8,
3,
12466,
277,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
166,
381,
16,
8,
563,
53,
21,
901,
9621,
7,
630,
6,
10400,
49,
2532,
302,
11,
14317,
6134,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Ancient tables provided the sun's mean longitude. Christopher Clavius, the architect of the Gregorian calendar, noted that the tables agreed neither on the time when the sun passed through the vernal equinox nor on the length of the mean tropical year. Tycho Brahe also noticed discrepancies. The Gregorian leap year rule (97 leap years in 400 years) was put forward by Petrus Pitatus of Verona in 1560. He noted that it is consistent with the tropical year of the Alfonsine tables and with the mean tropical year of Copernicus (De revolutionibus) and Reinhold (Prutenic tables). The three mean tropical years in Babylonian sexagesimals as the excess over 365 days (the way they would have been extracted from the tables of mean longitude) were 14,33,9,57 (Alphonsine), 14,33,11,12 (Copernicus) and 14,33,9,24 (Reinhold). All values are the same to two places (14:33) and this is also the mean length of the Gregorian year. Thus Pitatus' solution would have commended itself to the astronomers.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the first number in the grouping for Alphonsine, Copernicus and Reinhold? | [
968,
1
] |
14
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
29,
75,
4741,
5056,
937,
8,
1997,
31,
7,
1243,
307,
20341,
5,
14702,
4779,
2960,
302,
6,
8,
13188,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
6,
4466,
24,
8,
5056,
4686,
7598,
30,
8,
97,
116,
8,
1997,
2804,
190,
8,
548,
29,
138,
3,
15,
25653,
226,
3701,
30,
8,
2475,
13,
8,
1243,
10468,
215,
5,
10352,
3995,
3497,
88,
92,
4944,
5025,
60,
102,
28704,
5,
37,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
14527,
215,
3356,
41,
4327,
14527,
203,
16,
4837,
203,
61,
47,
474,
1039,
57,
26839,
7,
13430,
144,
302,
13,
781,
106,
9,
16,
627,
3328,
5,
216,
4466,
24,
34,
19,
4700,
28,
8,
10468,
215,
13,
8,
901,
89,
106,
7,
630,
5056,
11,
28,
8,
1243,
10468,
215,
13,
10400,
49,
2532,
302,
41,
2962,
9481,
23,
3465,
61,
11,
14317,
6134,
41,
345,
6830,
35,
447,
5056,
137,
37,
386,
1243,
10468,
203,
16,
30622,
23,
152,
3,
7,
994,
2568,
23,
11014,
38,
8,
7240,
147,
3,
10402,
477,
41,
532,
194,
79,
133,
43,
118,
21527,
45,
8,
5056,
13,
1243,
307,
20341,
61,
130,
11363,
4201,
6,
1298,
6,
3436,
41,
188,
40,
9621,
7,
630,
201,
11363,
4201,
6,
2596,
6,
2122,
41,
3881,
883,
2532,
302,
61,
11,
11363,
4201,
6,
1298,
6,
2266,
41,
1649,
77,
6134,
137,
432,
2620,
33,
8,
337,
12,
192,
1747,
41,
2534,
10,
4201,
61,
11,
48,
19,
92,
8,
1243,
2475,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
215,
5,
5309,
13430,
144,
302,
31,
1127,
133,
43,
3,
30868,
1402,
12,
8,
3,
12466,
277,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
4073,
19,
59,
1968,
28,
14317,
6134,
10,
21522,
324,
447,
5056,
42,
374,
9481,
23,
3465,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Ancient tables provided the sun's mean longitude. Christopher Clavius, the architect of the Gregorian calendar, noted that the tables agreed neither on the time when the sun passed through the vernal equinox nor on the length of the mean tropical year. Tycho Brahe also noticed discrepancies. The Gregorian leap year rule (97 leap years in 400 years) was put forward by Petrus Pitatus of Verona in 1560. He noted that it is consistent with the tropical year of the Alfonsine tables and with the mean tropical year of Copernicus (De revolutionibus) and Reinhold (Prutenic tables). The three mean tropical years in Babylonian sexagesimals as the excess over 365 days (the way they would have been extracted from the tables of mean longitude) were 14,33,9,57 (Alphonsine), 14,33,11,12 (Copernicus) and 14,33,9,24 (Reinhold). All values are the same to two places (14:33) and this is also the mean length of the Gregorian year. Thus Pitatus' solution would have commended itself to the astronomers.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Which is not associated with Reinhold: Prutenic tables or De revolutionibus? | [
374,
9481,
23,
3465,
1
] |
De revolutionibus
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
29,
75,
4741,
5056,
937,
8,
1997,
31,
7,
1243,
307,
20341,
5,
14702,
4779,
2960,
302,
6,
8,
13188,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
6,
4466,
24,
8,
5056,
4686,
7598,
30,
8,
97,
116,
8,
1997,
2804,
190,
8,
548,
29,
138,
3,
15,
25653,
226,
3701,
30,
8,
2475,
13,
8,
1243,
10468,
215,
5,
10352,
3995,
3497,
88,
92,
4944,
5025,
60,
102,
28704,
5,
37,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
14527,
215,
3356,
41,
4327,
14527,
203,
16,
4837,
203,
61,
47,
474,
1039,
57,
26839,
7,
13430,
144,
302,
13,
781,
106,
9,
16,
627,
3328,
5,
216,
4466,
24,
34,
19,
4700,
28,
8,
10468,
215,
13,
8,
901,
89,
106,
7,
630,
5056,
11,
28,
8,
1243,
10468,
215,
13,
10400,
49,
2532,
302,
41,
2962,
9481,
23,
3465,
61,
11,
14317,
6134,
41,
345,
6830,
35,
447,
5056,
137,
37,
386,
1243,
10468,
203,
16,
30622,
23,
152,
3,
7,
994,
2568,
23,
11014,
38,
8,
7240,
147,
3,
10402,
477,
41,
532,
194,
79,
133,
43,
118,
21527,
45,
8,
5056,
13,
1243,
307,
20341,
61,
130,
11363,
4201,
6,
1298,
6,
3436,
41,
188,
40,
9621,
7,
630,
201,
11363,
4201,
6,
2596,
6,
2122,
41,
3881,
883,
2532,
302,
61,
11,
11363,
4201,
6,
1298,
6,
2266,
41,
1649,
77,
6134,
137,
432,
2620,
33,
8,
337,
12,
192,
1747,
41,
2534,
10,
4201,
61,
11,
48,
19,
92,
8,
1243,
2475,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
215,
5,
5309,
13430,
144,
302,
31,
1127,
133,
43,
3,
30868,
1402,
12,
8,
3,
12466,
277,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
8,
336,
381,
16,
8,
563,
13,
14317,
6134,
2302,
38,
34,
65,
118,
21527,
45,
8,
5056,
13,
1243,
307,
20341,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Ancient tables provided the sun's mean longitude. Christopher Clavius, the architect of the Gregorian calendar, noted that the tables agreed neither on the time when the sun passed through the vernal equinox nor on the length of the mean tropical year. Tycho Brahe also noticed discrepancies. The Gregorian leap year rule (97 leap years in 400 years) was put forward by Petrus Pitatus of Verona in 1560. He noted that it is consistent with the tropical year of the Alfonsine tables and with the mean tropical year of Copernicus (De revolutionibus) and Reinhold (Prutenic tables). The three mean tropical years in Babylonian sexagesimals as the excess over 365 days (the way they would have been extracted from the tables of mean longitude) were 14,33,9,57 (Alphonsine), 14,33,11,12 (Copernicus) and 14,33,9,24 (Reinhold). All values are the same to two places (14:33) and this is also the mean length of the Gregorian year. Thus Pitatus' solution would have commended itself to the astronomers.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is the last number in the group of Reinhold numbers as it has been extracted from the tables of mean longitude? | [
997,
1
] |
24
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
29,
75,
4741,
5056,
937,
8,
1997,
31,
7,
1243,
307,
20341,
5,
14702,
4779,
2960,
302,
6,
8,
13188,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
4793,
6,
4466,
24,
8,
5056,
4686,
7598,
30,
8,
97,
116,
8,
1997,
2804,
190,
8,
548,
29,
138,
3,
15,
25653,
226,
3701,
30,
8,
2475,
13,
8,
1243,
10468,
215,
5,
10352,
3995,
3497,
88,
92,
4944,
5025,
60,
102,
28704,
5,
37,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
14527,
215,
3356,
41,
4327,
14527,
203,
16,
4837,
203,
61,
47,
474,
1039,
57,
26839,
7,
13430,
144,
302,
13,
781,
106,
9,
16,
627,
3328,
5,
216,
4466,
24,
34,
19,
4700,
28,
8,
10468,
215,
13,
8,
901,
89,
106,
7,
630,
5056,
11,
28,
8,
1243,
10468,
215,
13,
10400,
49,
2532,
302,
41,
2962,
9481,
23,
3465,
61,
11,
14317,
6134,
41,
345,
6830,
35,
447,
5056,
137,
37,
386,
1243,
10468,
203,
16,
30622,
23,
152,
3,
7,
994,
2568,
23,
11014,
38,
8,
7240,
147,
3,
10402,
477,
41,
532,
194,
79,
133,
43,
118,
21527,
45,
8,
5056,
13,
1243,
307,
20341,
61,
130,
11363,
4201,
6,
1298,
6,
3436,
41,
188,
40,
9621,
7,
630,
201,
11363,
4201,
6,
2596,
6,
2122,
41,
3881,
883,
2532,
302,
61,
11,
11363,
4201,
6,
1298,
6,
2266,
41,
1649,
77,
6134,
137,
432,
2620,
33,
8,
337,
12,
192,
1747,
41,
2534,
10,
4201,
61,
11,
48,
19,
92,
8,
1243,
2475,
13,
8,
3,
26705,
23,
152,
215,
5,
5309,
13430,
144,
302,
31,
1127,
133,
43,
3,
30868,
1402,
12,
8,
3,
12466,
277,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
2645,
410,
59,
497,
24,
8,
5056,
410,
59,
17125,
30,
8,
2475,
13,
8,
1243,
10468,
215,
10,
4779,
2960,
302,
42,
13430,
144,
302,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"Ancient tables provided the sun's mean longitude. Christopher Clavius, the architect of the Gregorian calendar, noted that the tables agreed neither on the time when the sun passed through the vernal equinox nor on the length of the mean tropical year. Tycho Brahe also noticed discrepancies. The Gregorian leap year rule (97 leap years in 400 years) was put forward by Petrus Pitatus of Verona in 1560. He noted that it is consistent with the tropical year of the Alfonsine tables and with the mean tropical year of Copernicus (De revolutionibus) and Reinhold (Prutenic tables). The three mean tropical years in Babylonian sexagesimals as the excess over 365 days (the way they would have been extracted from the tables of mean longitude) were 14,33,9,57 (Alphonsine), 14,33,11,12 (Copernicus) and 14,33,9,24 (Reinhold). All values are the same to two places (14:33) and this is also the mean length of the Gregorian year. Thus Pitatus' solution would have commended itself to the astronomers.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: Who did not say that the tables did not concur on the length of the mean tropical year: Clavius or Pitatus? | [
13430,
144,
302,
1
] |
Pitatus
|
[
9246,
8,
826,
5454,
96,
188,
1612,
18,
77,
17631,
2433,
261,
16,
186,
1440,
19,
12,
1520,
95,
80,
31,
7,
192,
361,
7,
17,
7,
28,
8,
5538,
3,
157,
29,
4636,
109,
13,
8,
646,
609,
581,
8,
5538,
3,
157,
29,
4636,
109,
13,
8,
269,
609,
5,
37,
29,
6,
1684,
28,
1762,
45,
8,
385,
3,
157,
29,
4636,
109,
13,
8,
646,
609,
6,
3476,
3,
157,
29,
4636,
109,
6,
628,
6,
3,
157,
29,
4636,
109,
6,
628,
190,
8,
767,
5,
71,
3,
157,
29,
4636,
109,
5475,
3,
9,
847,
13,
2664,
477,
6,
11,
3,
9,
628,
5475,
3,
9,
710,
847,
41,
9,
2059,
18,
42,
2838,
18,
1135,
2083,
42,
136,
12471,
1135,
847,
137,
37,
23704,
344,
8,
1780,
19,
59,
3476,
15,
26,
6,
78,
8,
192,
5538,
3,
157,
29,
4636,
965,
4221,
1718,
11,
1660,
535,
6,
1525,
8,
826,
822,
5,
2507,
24,
8,
1525,
19,
915,
441,
8,
1499,
5,
11860,
10,
363,
19,
705,
557,
8,
12613,
609,
58
] |
Given the following passage
"A language-independent alternative used in many countries is to hold up one's two fists with the index knuckle of the left hand against the index knuckle of the right hand. Then, starting with January from the little knuckle of the left hand, count knuckle, space, knuckle, space through the months. A knuckle represents a month of 31 days, and a space represents a short month (a 28- or 29-day February or any 30-day month). The junction between the hands is not counted, so the two index knuckles represent July and August.",
answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.
Question: What is less often the dominant hand? | [
646,
1
] |
left
|