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The culture and polity that is German

blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrin germany you must be fully vaxxed before your death by assisted suicide a hrefhttpstco3acnyobvqyhttpstco3acnyobvqya a hrefhttpstcopkrx2nktvopictwittercompkrx2nktvoap p matt davio misstrade a hrefhttpstwittercommisstradestatus1469961234317516802ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 12 2021apblockquote pp pvia a relnoopener hrefhttpstwittercombaldingsworld target_blankchris baldinga  note that stricture a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnationalreviewcomcorneringermanyyoumustbefullyvaxxedbeforeyourdeathbyassistedsuicide target_blankholds for verein sterbehilfea and i am not sure how comprehensive is their reachp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112thecultureandpolitythatisgermanhtmlthe culture and polity that is germana appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrin germany fully vaxxed death assisted suicide hrefhttpstco3acnyobvqyhttpstco3acnyobvqya hrefhttpstcopkrx2nktvopictwittercompkrx2nktvoap p matt davio misstrade hrefhttpstwittercommisstradestatus1469961234317516802ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 12 2021apblockquote pp pvia relnoopener hrefhttpstwittercombaldingsworld target_blankchris baldinga note stricture relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnationalreviewcomcorneringermanyyoumustbefullyvaxxedbeforeyourdeathbyassistedsuicide target_blankholds verein sterbehilfea sure comprehensive reachp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112thecultureandpolitythatisgermanhtmlthe culture polity germana appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

61b7ca9f59050b026ef03021

Greg Lukianoff on "The Second Great Age of Political Correctness"

pdetailed interesting and thoughtful a hrefhttpsreasoncom20211213thesecondgreatageofpoliticalcorrectnesscheck it out here at ireasonia lukianoff is the head of the foundation for individual rights in educationp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomvolokh20211213greglukianoffonthesecondgreatageofpoliticalcorrectnessgreg lukianoff on quotthe second great age of political correctnessquota appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

pdetailed interesting thoughtful hrefhttpsreasoncom20211213thesecondgreatageofpoliticalcorrectnesscheck ireasonia lukianoff head foundation individual rights educationp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomvolokh20211213greglukianoffonthesecondgreatageofpoliticalcorrectnessgreg lukianoff quotthe second great age political correctnessquota appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

61b7cb6559050b026ef0303d

The Second Great Age of Political Correctness

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202111featurelukianoffjpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202111featurelukianoffjpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202111featurelukianoff800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202111featurelukianoff600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202111featurelukianoff331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202111featurelukianoffjpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202111featurelukianoffjpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202111featurelukianoff800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202111featurelukianoff600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202111featurelukianoff331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altfeaturelukianoff srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202111featurelukianoff800x450jpg height675 picture div pthe 1994 movie empcuem about a rebellious fraternity resisting its politically correct university was a milestone not because the movie was especially goodit wasnt it was a milestone because it showed that political correctness had officially become a jokep pthe derisive term quotpcquot had referred to a genuine and powerful force on campus for the previous decade but by the mid1990s it had become the butt of jokes from across the political spectrum the production of a mainstream movie mocking political correctness showed that its cultural moment had passedp pat the same time punitive campus speech codes were being struck down among the most prominent cases was stanford law school which boasted a notorious speech code banning quotspeech or other expressionintended to insult or stigmatizequot an individual on the basis of membership in a protected class arguably including every living human you dont have to be a lawyer to see how a ban on anything that quotinsultsquot would be abused even showing empcuem itself which makes fun of campus activists feminists and vegetarians could potentially get you in trouble under such a broad and vague rule the 1995 court defeat of the stanford speech code marked the end of the first great age of political correctnessp psome assumed this meant political correctness was a fad that was gone forever on the contrary it gathered strength over the next two decades rooting itself in university hiring practices and speech policing until it became what people now refer to as quotwokenessquot or the muchabused term quotcancel culturequotp ppolitical correctness didnt decline and fall it went underground and then rose again if anything its stronger than ever today yet some influential figures on the left still downplay the problem going so far as to pretend that the increase in even tenured professors being fired for offlimits speech is a sign of a healthy campus and this unwillingness to recognize a serious problem in academia has helped embolden culture warriors on the right who have launched their own attacks on free speech and viewpoint diversity in the american education systemp pweve fully entered the second great age of political correctness if we are to find a way out we must understand how we got here and admit the true depths of the problemp h2the ignored yearsh2 pin the decades that followed the first great age of political correctness you could be forgiven for assuming that campus attacks on free speech were a thing of the pastp pprofessors and administrators dismissed concerns claiming there was no shortage of viewpoint diversity and that those who suggested otherwise had sinister probably racist motivations speech codes had been roundly defeated wherever they were legally challenged the pc movement had been reduced to a punchline indeed it was such a common punching bag that some pundits rejected the whole idea as a kind of rightwing hoax problem solved rightp phardly in reality the major change after the mid90s was that professors were less openly enamored of speech codes the campus speech wars entered their ignored years during which far less attention was paid to campus speech even as the underlying problem grew worse it was during this period that the seeds were sown for a deeper change just one generation laterp pafter the stanford policy was defeated in court in 1995 speech codes should have faded away into legal oblivion instead their number dramatically emincreasedem by 2009 74 percent of colleges had extremely restrictive codes 21 percent had vague speech codes that could be abused to restrict speech and only eight of the top 346 colleges surveyed had no restrictive code unlike in the 90s many of these policies were championed by a burgeoning administrative class rather than by facultyp pmeanwhile viewpoint diversity among professors plummeted in 1996 the ratio of selfidentified liberal faculty to selfidentified conservative faculty was 2to1 by 2011 the ratio was 5to1 according toa hrefhttpsheriuclaedu athe higher education research institute at the university of california los angelesp pmore recent statistics paint a starker picture a 2019 study by the national association of scholars on the political registration of professors at the two highestranked public and private universities in each state found that registered democrat faculty outnumbered registered republican faculty about 9to1 in the northeast the ratio was about 15to1p pin the most evenly split discipline economics democrats outnumber republicans quotonlyquot 3to1 the second most even discipline mathematics has a ratio of about 6to1 compare this to english and sociology where the ratios are about 27to1 in anthropology its a staggering 42to1p pin the ignored years higher education became far more expensive and considerably more bureaucratized from 199495 to 201819 the inflationadjusted cost of public college tuition nearly doubled meanwhile the administrative class expanded from roughly one administrator for every two faculty members in 1990 to nearly equal numbers of faculty and administrators in 2012p pwhats more preliminary research showed a quot12toone ratio of liberal to conservative college administratorsquot wrote samuel j abrams of sarah lawrence college in emthe new york timesem in 2018 his conclusion quotit appears that a emfairlyem liberal student body is being taught by a emveryem liberal professoriateand socialized by an emincrediblyem liberal group of administratorsquot following the emtimesem article abrams was targeted twice by students in an unsuccessful campaign to get him fired for speaking outp pthe 00s also brought the popularization of quotbiasrelated incident programsquot commonly known as quotbias response teamsquot or quotbrtsquot these programs exist to root out quotbiasquot once called quotprejudicequot on campus by empowering anyone within the community to file complaints with the administration often anonymously they are attempts to enforce campus orthodoxy in ways that might be just barely constitutional by 2016 nearly 40 percent of surveyed colleges had brtsp pearly versions of brts involved policing inside jokes and pop culture references eventually reported speech included everything from a quotsnow penisquot at the university of michigan to a humor magazine at the university of california san diego that had satirized the idea of safe spaces to an incident at john carroll university in ohio where an quotanonymous student reported that [the] a hrefhttpwebmediajcuedubiasfiles201602biasreportsfall2015webrev2242016pdfafricanamerican alliances student protest was making white students feel uncomfortableaquotp pit was also in the 00s that ideas such as quottrigger warningsquot and quotmicroaggressionsquot burrowed their way into everyday campus parlance meanwhile the number of speaker disinvitations in which speaking requests were rescinded because of protests or other objections slowly crept upp peducation schools in particular became even more activist which had an outsized impact on where we are today the early 2000s began with the national council for accreditation of teacher education ncatethe accreditor of over 600 graduate education programsquotrecommendingquot that education students be required to demonstrate a commitment to social justice the extremely influential teachers college at columbia university adopted the requirement as did others in 2005 in the face of protest from the foundation for individual rights in education fire where i am president and ceo ncate removed the recommendation but many schools including columbias teachers college did notp peducation school graduates who had been steeped in social justice activism went on to dominate not only k12 teaching but also the swelling ranks of campus administrators a random sample taken by sarah lawrences abrams indicates that 54 percent of college administrators have degrees from education schoolsp ptwo education school graduates helped develop and popularize quotorientationquot programs implemented in various forms around the country that could be described as efforts at thought reform at the university of delaware in the late 00s for example students were subjected to interrogations by student leaders about all manner of personal topicstheir views on gay marriage their own sexual orientations when they discovered their sexuality whether they would consider dating members of other races and ethnicities and more the program then sought to provide students with quottreatmentsquot such as mandatory oneonone sessions with their resident advisers meant to inculcate them with quotcorrectquot moral beliefsp prequiring quotdiversity statementsquot as a condition of faculty hires and promotions is yet another way colleges enforce ideological conformity on campus these statements effectively require faculty to affirm and provide examples of their commitment to the values of diversity equity and inclusionwhich of course are rarely defined like ncates recommended social justice requirement they function as political litmus testsdemonstrations of ones commitment to prevailing orthodoxiesp pthe university of california berkeley uses a rubric to score prospective faculty on adherence to specific ideological positions candidates are scored negatively for instance for attesting to the position that one should quotignore the varying backgrounds of their students and treat everyone the samequotp pduring the ignored years then university administrators created infrastructure to keep pc alivemoving from speech codes to brts as speech codes were shot down in court encouraging the hiring of even more politically homogeneous professors and administrators and reframing speech policing as a crucial part of protecting students mental healthp h2an explosion in censorshiph2 pif a single piece of writing marks the end of the ignored years its jenny jarvies quottrigger happyquot a march 2014 emnew republic emarticle critical of campus trigger warningsthe practice of alerting students anytime a potentially sensitive topic is about to come up in class conversation if the teacher thinks it may quottriggerquot a trauma response in students or just upset them in some way jarvies piece presaged a marked increase in coverage of such issues beyond conservative media other milestones included jonathan chaits emnew york emmagazine article quotnot a very pc thing to sayquot and jon ronsons book emso youve been publicly shamedem both published in 2015 suddenly people were paying attention to speech on campus againp pbut it wasnt just an increase in coverage something else had changed on campus during the previous two decades administrators were usually the leaders of campus censorship campaigns students in turn resisted those efforts in late 2013 however there was an explosion in censorship that was studentled the infrastructure built during the ignored years was producing downstream effectsp pthe generation hitting campuses in 2013 had been educated by the graduates of those activist education schools in some cases they were literally the children of the students who had pushed for or at least were ok with speech codes in the 80s and 90sp pthis generation also grew up with social media it had a genuine awareness of how hurtful and nasty speech can be especially when anonymous and online but it had not been taught that freedom to engage in nasty speech is necessary to the functioning of our democracy and to the production of knowledgep pin 2015 alone there were multiple highprofile freespeech blowups on campus perhaps most famous was the confrontation between sociologist nicholas christakis and students at yale that began over school guidance about inappropriate halloween costumesp pin 2017 there was outright violence at berkeley and middlebury college with activist students using force in response to speech they opposed at middlebury a professor named allison stanger was permanently injured in a melee during an appearance by the author charles murray then came 2020 with hundreds of highprofile examples of attempts to get professors and students canceled all across the countryp pone might assume that the increased media attention and the numerous highprofile incidents of campus speech crackdownsincluding violent confrontations caught on videowould have definitively demonstrated that the campus free speech situation has become dismal yet not only were there debates about whether campus speech was really in crisis but new arguments appeared insisting that campus censorship and academic freedom simply werent problems at allp h2stranger than fictionh2 pnetflixs emthe chairem is a smart wellwritten wellacted show the series examines the many challenges facing an english professor and her department at an elite liberal arts college with dwindling admissions one of the series main throughlines occurs when a tenured professor is pushed out of his job after giving a satirical nazi salute during a lecture on modernism students call him a nazi and demand his resignationp pits not quite as overtly comic but it could be seen as this eras empcuem in that it signals that its ok to mock and resist the illiberalism weve seen emerge on campuses over the last five or six years and it might be taken as a sign that people are finally willing to address the repressive atmosphere at many collegesp pbut not all viewers saw it that way emnew york timesem columnist michelle goldberg wrote that quota realworld tenured professor like bill would be extremely unlikely to lose his job for making fun of nazis in the wrong wayquot she also posited that concern about the climate on campus is emreallyem about people over 40 feeling ashamed of being quotrepelled by the sensibilities of the youngquotp pin fact polling finds that generation z the cohort of young people born in 1996 or after has the most negative outlook on cancel culture of any generation and goldbergs assertion that emthe chairem used an implausible example of a threat to free speech on campus is undermined by the fact that something very similar actually happened earlier this yearp pin january university of pennsylvania anthropologist robert schuyler was pushed into retirement after he reacted to being silenced in a departmental meeting by giving a mock nazi salute critics characterized this onesecond gesture as quotheinous actsquot and called on the university to punish schuyler in order to demonstrate its opposition to quotall forms of prejudicequot the student newspaper dutifully reported that schuyler told it quothe does not endorse nazismquot as if his sarcastic reply to the rigid enforcement of faculty meeting rules could legitimately be interpreted as an expression of support for the national socalist philosophyp pfor those who defend free speech on campus a case involving a nazi salute would be among the less sympathetic cases in a given year the fact that schuylers gesture was sarcastic barely registers in an age when the alleged effect of speech is deemed more important than the intent but it doesnt take an accusation of nazism to get you in trouble these days professors have been targeted for quoting james baldwin and martin luther king jr for asking students to analyze the consequences of the historical shift in trading and travel patterns known as quotcolumbian exchangequot and for speculating on the origins of the covid19 pandemic last year university of illinois chicago law professor jason kilborn was placed on leave and subjected to months of investigation after students complained about a emselfcensoredem reference to two epithetsliterally quotn_____quot and quotb____quotin a law school exam hypothetical emaboutem workplace discriminationp pif anything emthe chairem made the students demanding the professors resignation look more reasonable than they often do in real life the series features a confrontation with students evocative of christakis confrontation in 2015 an encounter i witnessed there students surrounded christakis screamed at him broke down in tears called him disgusting and told him he shouldnt sleep at night the cause nicholas wife erika had argued in an email that students should be able to decide which halloween costumes to wearan argument emin favor of student autonomyem that was surely less offensive than a nazi salutep psince 2015 there have been at least 200 attempts to get speakers disinvited from campuses 101 of those were successful but even when the events go on student protesters sometimes physically block the entrance to speeches deemed problematic or chant bang drums or pull the fire alarm so the speeches cant be heard a few speakers have actually been assaulted including unknown chemicals sprayed at conservative podcaster michael knowles at university of missourikansas city riots at berkeley in 2017 over a milo yiannopoulos speech included smashed windows bloodied spectators and fire bombsp h2the chilling effecth2 pgoldbergs article was premised in part on the claim advanced by emliberal currentsem editor adam gurri that only a small number of professors have been targeted for cancellation quotif any other problem in social life was occurring at this frequency and at this scalequot gurri wrote quotwe would consider it effectively solvedquotp pgurris count of targeted professors comes from data collected by fire in context it does not show a problem effectively solvedp pfrom 2015 through midoctober 2021 fire identified 471 attempts to get professors fired or punished for their constitutionally protected speech with almost threequarters of them resulting in some type of sanction in 106 of those cases the sanction included the loss of a job the frequency of these attempts has risen dramatically from 30 in 2015 to 122 in 2020 and the list includes 172 tenured professors who were punished 27 of whom were firedp ptenure was designed to be a nearly invincible protection from termination for ones speech beliefs teaching or research until very recently even a single fired tenured professor for anything related to his or her speech or scholarship was a huge deal twentyseven tenured professors fired in a handful of years for their expression is unprecedented it undermines the whole function of tenure which is to protect academic freedom by assuring professors they wont find themselves unemployed for exercising it contrary to gurris framing this number is not smallp phis argument resembles another misleading argument made by those who say campus speech culture is not a problem it typically starts by noting that there are 6000 colleges in the country and then shrugs off the hundreds of attempts to push out professors as a small number this makes the problem look diffuse in reality its quite concentratedp pof the top 100 schools according to emus news amp world reportem 65 have had a professor targeted since 2015 meanwhile the top 10 schools had an average of seven incidents emeachemp pin fact if you start with the top 100 universities and then eliminate the schools that appeared in fires scholars under fire database schools with severely restrictive quotred lightquot speech codes schools where fire intervened on behalf of a student or faculty member schools with a successful disinvitation campaign and schools with a bias response team you are left with only two institutions the california institute of technology and the colorado school of mines if you eliminate schools with vague quotyellow lightquot speech codes as well there would be no colleges in the top 100 leftp pbut the problem is disproportionate in some places take the quotmost influential university in the worldquot harvard which educates a notably large share of americas ruling class keep in mind that the harvard faculty as at most elite colleges is politically homogeneous just 25 percent of its faculty of arts and sciences identifies as quotconservativequot and 04 percent as quotvery conservativequot despite that overwhelming ideological unity there have been 12 public attacks on professors just since 2015p pin 2017 harvard rescinded the admission of 10 wouldbe students over offensive memes in a facebook group in 2013 the school surreptitiously scanned resident deans email accounts in the wake of a cheating scandalnot to find the cheaters but to sniff out who had leaked an email emaboutem the scandal a gross violation of faculty privacyp pby downplaying the scale of such problems gurri and others are wishing away the quotchilling effectquot the wellrecognized fact in both law and psychology that when people have to guess as to which opinion joke or idea will get them in trouble they tend to selfcensor indeed professors have been telling us they are chilled for years as far back as 2010 when the association of american colleges amp universities asked professors to respond to the statement quotit is safe to have unpopular views on campusquot only 167 percent strongly agreedp paccording to a 2021 report from eric kaufmann at the center for the study of partisanship and ideology 70 percent of conservative academics in america say that there is a hostile climate toward their beliefs and 62 percent of conservative graduate students agree that quotmy political views wouldnt fit which could make my life difficultquot meanwhile 1 in 5 faculty members openly admit to having discriminated against a grant proposal because it was perceived as conservative or quotrightleaningquot and slightly more than 1 in 10 faculty members say they have discriminated against conservatives on both paper submissions and promotionsp pperhaps the saddest story of a targeted tenured professor is that of university of north carolina wilmington criminology professor mike adams whose struggles at the school spanned nearly 20 years after adams was denied tenure because of his conservative writing he filed a successful lawsuit which not only won him tenure but also resulted in an important 4th circuit appeals court decision protecting academic freedom in five states nonetheless last summer adams was pushed into early retirement after he tweeted a sarcastic comparison of covid19 restrictions to slavery in the weeks that followed he killed himselfp h2race to the gutterh2 pof the 471 incidents mentioned above most have come from the left of the targeted scholar but 164 of them have come from the scholars right in fact many of the efforts by conservatives to turn the tide on campus have mutated into approaches that look uncomfortably like the very speech codes they battled for decadesp pin one case researchers trying to determine whether liberals were becoming more comfortable with political violence were targeted by conservative author todd starnes who insisted that a survey to discover student attitudes was equivalent to endorsing violence in another case the chairman of the virginia republican party demanded that the university of virginia investigate professor larry sabato for tweets that were critical of former president donald trumpp pacross the country conservatives trying to reduce the influence of campusstyle identity politics have passed laws banning what they dub quotcritical race theoryquot crt a catchall term for a constellation of ideas that encompass a certain perspective on race and its intersections with society for most of its history critical race theory was a niche area of study within the academy but since the george floyd protests of 2020 it has gone mainstream with the political left and become a villain to the political rightp pthe laws that republican lawmakers have written in their effort to counter crt are almost always unconstitutional as applied to higher education whats more theyre likely to backfire giving campus administrators permission to get rid of professors who teach or subscribe to a particular ideology will almost always be used to get rid of dissenters and conservatives who honestly express their opinions are by definition dissenters on most campuses todayp pwhats remarkable about this debate as emthe atlanticems conor friedersdorf has pointed out is that the right and the left have swapped places two of crts leading thinkers richard delgado and mari matsuda were two of the strongest proponents of hate speech laws and campus speech codes in the 80s and 90s and both have contributed to books with titles such as emwords that wound critical race theory assaultive speech and the first amendmentem by relying on the idea that ideas are dangerous the anticrt laws now being promoted by activists on the right are direct descendents of the speech policies long favored by matsuda and delgadop ppennsylvania hb 1532 bans requiring quota student to read view or listen to a book article video presentation digital presentation or other learning material that espouses advocates or promotes a racist or sexist conceptquot in public k12 schooling and higher education and bans hosting or providing a venue for a speaker that quotespouses advocates or promotes any racist or sexist conceptquot laws in arkansas iowa and oklahoma ban courses that teach that quotany individual should feel discomfort guilt anguish or any other form of psychological distress on account of his or her race or sexquot bills in eight more states would impose the same language and a federal bill referred to the house committee on oversight and reform proposes restraining washington dc schools in the same wayp pas with matsuda and delgados work the underlying notion is that some discomforting speechespecially speech that causes discomfort about race or genderis harmful and should be prohibitedp pdefenders of anticrt laws usually concede that the legislations language is overbroad and poorly crafted almost invariably they then insist the laws vagueness should be ignored because of the scale of the problem and because those crafting the laws are on the side of the angels i have seen this exact same argument made for decades to defend speech codes aimed at addressing racism and sexism on campus in the face of such a terrible problem the specifics of the law dont matter only the intentions dop pas anticrt laws have proliferated many on the left suddenly became aware of how broad and vague speech codes can be used to punish ideologies and educators they are fond of meanwhile many on the right suddenly began to embrace the same sorts of codes they had fought for decades hoping such codes could be the weapon theyve long needed in order to turn the ideological tide on campusp ptrue believers from across the political spectrum seem to believe that some weapons are good if theyre wielded by the right people and bad if wielded by the wrong people thats a problem that needs to be solved lest campus culture become a titfortat race to the proverbial gutterp h2how to save higher edh2 pamid the second great age of political correctnessstrong strongamerican higher education has become too expensive too illiberal and too conformist it has descended into a period of profound crisis wrought by shifts in hiring student development and politically charged speech codes developed during the ignored years when too few were paying attention american campuses should be bastions of free expression and academic freedom instead both are in declinep pwe cannot afford to just give up on higher ed college and university presidents can and should do the following five thingsp ol liimmediately dump all speech codesli liadopt a statement specifically identifying free speech as essential to the core purpose of a university and committing the university to free speech valuesli lidefend the free speech rights of their students and faculty loudly clearly and earlyli liteach free speech the philosophy of free inquiry and academic freedom from day oneli licollect data and open their campuses to research on the climate for debate discussion and dissentli ol pthose who donate to colleges should refuse to do so without demanding these changesp pbut we need to do more than reform our existing institutions we need alternative models to traditional higher educationp pin early november 2021 an upstart called the university of austin announced the intention to create a new academic institution on the principles of radically open inquiry civil discourse and engagement with diverse perspectives publicly available information is sparse but according to pano kanelos the incoming president of the university of austin and a former president of st johns college it plans to launch masters programs in 2022 and 2023 and an undergraduate program in 2024p pmeanwhile khan academy is an online program where anyone can watch free highquality instructional videos on a variety of topics and receive an assessment of their abilities in return minerva university is an ambitious hybrid model offering brickandmortar facilities in san francisco and several foreign cities and online instruction to students around the world it focuses on teaching quotcritical wisdomquot to toptier students and claims to be more exclusive than the most elite colleges its not too hard to imagine a future in which employers value a mastery level from the khan academy or a degree from minerva more than a degree from a middling traditional universityp pthe bottom line is that the opinions of professors and students should be ferociously protected and that those who run universities must reject the idea that colleges and universities exist to impose orthodoxies on anyone over the past decade too many academic institutions have grown used to promoting specific views of the world to incoming studentsp pradical openmindedness would be wildly out of place at most contemporary universities getting there will take substantial cultural and political changep pthat starts with selfawareness one lesson of the first great age of political correctness and the pc wars of the 1980s and 90s is that it was a huge mistake to think that because a movie like empcuem skewered campus culture the problem had already fixed itself as a result the problem was allowed to grow worsep pwe cant make that mistake again the ideal time for achieving real change in higher ed was 30 or even 40 years ago the next best time is nowp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20211213thesecondgreatageofpoliticalcorrectnessthe second great age of political correctnessa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202111featurelukianoffjpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202111featurelukianoffjpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202111featurelukianoff800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202111featurelukianoff600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202111featurelukianoff331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202111featurelukianoffjpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202111featurelukianoffjpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202111featurelukianoff800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202111featurelukianoff600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202111featurelukianoff331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altfeaturelukianoff srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202111featurelukianoff800x450jpg height675 picture div pthe 1994 movieempcuem rebellious fraternity resisting politically correct university milestone movie especially goodit wasnt milestone showed political correctness officially jokep pthe derisive term quotpcquot referred genuine powerful force campus previous decade mid1990s butt jokes political spectrum production mainstream movie mocking political correctness showed cultural moment passedp pat time punitive campus speech codes struck prominent cases stanford law school boasted notorious speech code banning quotspeech expressionintended insult stigmatizequot individual basis membership protected class arguably including living human dont lawyer ban quotinsultsquot abused showingempcuemitself makes fun campus activists feminists vegetarians potentially trouble broad vague rule 1995 court defeat stanford speech code marked end great age political correctnessp psome assumed meant political correctness fad gone forever contrary gathered strength decades rooting university hiring practices speech policing people refer quotwokenessquot muchabused term quotcancel culturequotp ppolitical correctness didnt decline fall went underground rose stronger today influential figures left downplay problem going far pretend increase tenured professors fired offlimits speech sign healthy campus unwillingness recognize problem academia helped embolden culture warriors right launched attacks free speech viewpoint diversity american education systemp pweve fully entered second great age political correctness find way understand got admit true depths problemp h2the ignored yearsh2 pin decades followed great age political correctness forgiven assuming campus attacks free speech thing pastp pprofessors administrators dismissed concerns claiming shortage viewpoint diversity suggested sinister probably racist motivations speech codes roundly defeated legally challenged pc movement reduced punchline common punching bag pundits rejected idea kind rightwing hoax problem solved rightp phardly reality major change mid90s professors openly enamored speech codes campus speech wars entered ignored years far attention paid campus speech underlying problem grew worse period seeds sown deeper change generation laterp pafter stanford policy defeated court 1995 speech codes faded away legal oblivion instead number dramaticallyemincreasedem 2009 74 percent colleges extremely restrictive codes 21 percent vague speech codes abused restrict speech 346 colleges surveyed restrictive code unlike 90s policies championed burgeoning administrative class facultyp pmeanwhile viewpoint diversity professors plummeted 1996 ratio selfidentified liberal faculty selfidentified conservative faculty 2to1 2011 ratio 5to1 according toa hrefhttpsheriuclaeduathe higher education research institute university california los angelesp pmore recent statistics paint starker picture 2019 study national association scholars political registration professors highestranked public private universities state found registered democrat faculty outnumbered registered republican faculty 9to1 northeast ratio 15to1p pin evenly split discipline economics democrats outnumber republicans quotonlyquot 3to1 second discipline mathematics ratio 6to1 compare english sociology ratios 27to1 anthropology staggering 42to1p pin ignored years higher education far expensive considerably bureaucratized 199495 201819 inflationadjusted cost public college tuition nearly doubled administrative class expanded roughly administrator faculty members 1990 nearly equal numbers faculty administrators 2012p pwhats preliminary research showed quot12toone ratio liberal conservative college administratorsquot wrote samuel j abrams sarah lawrence college inemthe new york timesemin 2018 conclusion quotit appears aemfairlyemliberal student body taught aemveryemliberal professoriateand socialized anemincrediblyemliberal group administratorsquot following theemtimesemarticle abrams targeted twice students unsuccessful campaign fired speaking outp pthe 00s brought popularization quotbiasrelated incident programsquot commonly known quotbias response teamsquot quotbrtsquot programs exist root quotbiasquot called quotprejudicequot campus empowering community file complaints administration anonymously attempts enforce campus orthodoxy ways barely constitutional 2016 nearly 40 percent surveyed colleges brtsp pearly versions brts involved policing inside jokes pop culture references eventually reported speech included quotsnow penisquot university michigan humor magazine university california san diego satirized idea safe spaces incident john carroll university ohio quotanonymous student reported [the]a hrefhttpwebmediajcuedubiasfiles201602biasreportsfall2015webrev2242016pdfafricanamerican alliances student protest making white students feel uncomfortableaquotp pit 00s ideas quottrigger warningsquot quotmicroaggressionsquot burrowed way everyday campus parlance number speaker disinvitations speaking requests rescinded protests objections slowly crept upp peducation schools particular activist outsized impact today early 2000s began national council accreditation teacher education ncatethe accreditor 600 graduate education programsquotrecommendingquot education students required demonstrate commitment social justice extremely influential teachers college columbia university adopted requirement 2005 face protest foundation individual rights education fire president ceo ncate removed recommendation schools including columbias teachers college notp peducation school graduates steeped social justice activism went dominate k12 teaching swelling ranks campus administrators random sample taken sarah lawrences abrams indicates 54 percent college administrators degrees education schoolsp ptwo education school graduates helped develop popularize quotorientationquot programs implemented forms country described efforts thought reform university delaware late 00s example students subjected interrogations student leaders manner personal topicstheir views gay marriage sexual orientations discovered sexuality consider dating members races ethnicities program sought provide students quottreatmentsquot mandatory oneonone sessions resident advisers meant inculcate quotcorrectquot moral beliefsp prequiring quotdiversity statementsquot condition faculty hires promotions way colleges enforce ideological conformity campus statements effectively require faculty affirm provide examples commitment values diversity equity inclusionwhich course rarely defined like ncates recommended social justice requirement function political litmus testsdemonstrations ones commitment prevailing orthodoxiesp pthe university california berkeley uses rubric score prospective faculty adherence specific ideological positions candidates scored negatively instance attesting position quotignore varying backgrounds students treat samequotp pduring ignored years university administrators created infrastructure pc alivemoving speech codes brts speech codes shot court encouraging hiring politically homogeneous professors administrators reframing speech policing crucial protecting students mental healthp h2an explosion censorshiph2 pif single piece writing marks end ignored years jenny jarvies quottrigger happyquot march 2014emnew republicemarticle critical campus trigger warningsthe practice alerting students anytime potentially sensitive topic come class conversation teacher thinks quottriggerquot trauma response students upset way jarvies piece presaged marked increase coverage issues conservative media milestones included jonathan chaitsemnew yorkemmagazine article quotnot pc thing sayquot jon ronsons bookemso youve publicly shamedem published 2015 suddenly people paying attention speech campus againp pbut wasnt increase coverage changed campus previous decades administrators usually leaders campus censorship campaigns students turn resisted efforts late 2013 explosion censorship studentled infrastructure built ignored years producing downstream effectsp pthe generation hitting campuses 2013 educated graduates activist education schools cases literally children students pushed ok speech codes 80s 90sp pthis generation grew social media genuine awareness hurtful nasty speech especially anonymous online taught freedom engage nasty speech necessary functioning democracy production knowledgep pin 2015 multiple highprofile freespeech blowups campus famous confrontation sociologist nicholas christakis students yale began school guidance inappropriate halloween costumesp pin 2017 outright violence berkeley middlebury college activist students force response speech opposed middlebury professor named allison stanger permanently injured melee appearance author charles murray came 2020 hundreds highprofile examples attempts professors students canceled countryp pone assume increased media attention numerous highprofile incidents campus speech crackdownsincluding violent confrontations caught videowould definitively demonstrated campus free speech situation dismal debates campus speech crisis new arguments appeared insisting campus censorship academic freedom simply werent problems allp h2stranger fictionh2 pnetflixs emthe chairem smart wellwritten wellacted series examines challenges facing english professor department elite liberal arts college dwindling admissions series main throughlines occurs tenured professor pushed job giving satirical nazi salute lecture modernism students nazi demand resignationp pits overtly comic seen erasempcuem signals ok mock resist illiberalism weve seen emerge campuses years taken sign people finally willing address repressive atmosphere collegesp pbut viewers saw wayemnew york timesemcolumnist michelle goldberg wrote quota realworld tenured professor like bill extremely unlikely lose job making fun nazis wrong wayquot posited concern climate campus isemreallyemabout people 40 feeling ashamed quotrepelled sensibilities youngquotp pin fact polling finds generation z cohort young people born 1996 negative outlook cancel culture generation goldbergs assertion thatemthe chairemused implausible example threat free speech campus undermined fact similar actually happened earlier yearp pin january university pennsylvania anthropologist robert schuyler pushed retirement reacted silenced departmental meeting giving mock nazi salute critics characterized onesecond gesture quotheinous actsquot called university punish schuyler order demonstrate opposition quotall forms prejudicequot student newspaper dutifully reported schuyler told quothe endorse nazismquot sarcastic reply rigid enforcement faculty meeting rules legitimately interpreted expression support national socalist philosophyp pfor defend free speech campus case involving nazi salute sympathetic cases given year fact schuylers gesture sarcastic barely registers age alleged effect speech deemed important intent doesnt accusation nazism trouble days professors targeted quoting james baldwin martin luther king jr asking students analyze consequences historical shift trading travel patterns known quotcolumbian exchangequot speculating origins covid19 pandemic year university illinois chicago law professor jason kilborn placed leave subjected months investigation students complained aemselfcensoredemreference epithetsliterally quotn_____quot quotb____quotin law school exam hypotheticalemaboutemworkplace discriminationp pif anythingemthe chairemmade students demanding professors resignation look reasonable real life series features confrontation students evocative christakis confrontation 2015 encounter witnessed students surrounded christakis screamed broke tears called disgusting told shouldnt sleep night cause nicholas wife erika argued email students able decide halloween costumes wearan argumentemin favor student autonomyemthat surely offensive nazi salutep psince 2015 200 attempts speakers disinvited campuses 101 successful events student protesters physically block entrance speeches deemed problematic chant bang drums pull fire alarm speeches cant heard speakers actually assaulted including unknown chemicals sprayed conservative podcaster michael knowles university missourikansas city riots berkeley 2017 milo yiannopoulos speech included smashed windows bloodied spectators fire bombsp h2the chilling effecth2 pgoldbergs article premised claim advanced byemliberal currentsemeditor adam gurri small number professors targeted cancellation quotif problem social life occurring frequency scalequot gurri wrote quotwe consider effectively solvedquotp pgurris count targeted professors comes data collected fire context problem effectively solvedp pfrom 2015 midoctober 2021 fire identified 471 attempts professors fired punished constitutionally protected speech threequarters resulting type sanction 106 cases sanction included loss job frequency attempts risen dramatically 30 2015 122 2020 list includes 172 tenured professors punished 27 firedp ptenure designed nearly invincible protection termination ones speech beliefs teaching research recently single fired tenured professor related speech scholarship huge deal twentyseven tenured professors fired handful years expression unprecedented undermines function tenure protect academic freedom assuring professors wont find unemployed exercising contrary gurris framing number smallp phis argument resembles misleading argument campus speech culture problem typically starts noting 6000 colleges country shrugs hundreds attempts push professors small number makes problem look diffuse reality concentratedp pof 100 schools according toemus news amp world reportem 65 professor targeted 2015 10 schools average seven incidentsemeachemp pin fact start 100 universities eliminate schools appeared fires scholars fire database schools severely restrictive quotred lightquot speech codes schools fire intervened behalf student faculty member schools successful disinvitation campaign schools bias response team left institutions california institute technology colorado school mines eliminate schools vague quotyellow lightquot speech codes colleges 100 leftp pbut problem disproportionate places quotmost influential university worldquot harvard educates notably large share americas ruling class mind harvard faculty elite colleges politically homogeneous 25 percent faculty arts sciences identifies quotconservativequot 04 percent quotvery conservativequot despite overwhelming ideological unity 12 public attacks professors 2015p pin 2017 harvard rescinded admission 10 wouldbe students offensive memes facebook group 2013 school surreptitiously scanned resident deans email accounts wake cheating scandalnot find cheaters sniff leaked emailemaboutemthe scandal gross violation faculty privacyp pby downplaying scale problems gurri wishing away quotchilling effectquot wellrecognized fact law psychology people guess opinion joke idea trouble tend selfcensor professors telling chilled years far 2010 association american colleges amp universities asked professors respond statement quotit safe unpopular views campusquot 167 percent strongly agreedp paccording 2021 report eric kaufmann center study partisanship ideology 70 percent conservative academics america hostile climate beliefs 62 percent conservative graduate students agree quotmy political views wouldnt fit life difficultquot 1 5 faculty members openly admit having discriminated grant proposal perceived conservative quotrightleaningquot slightly 1 10 faculty members discriminated conservatives paper submissions promotionsp pperhaps saddest story targeted tenured professor university north carolina wilmington criminology professor mike adams struggles school spanned nearly 20 years adams denied tenure conservative writing filed successful lawsuit won tenure resulted important 4th circuit appeals court decision protecting academic freedom states nonetheless summer adams pushed early retirement tweeted sarcastic comparison covid19 restrictions slavery weeks followed killed himselfp h2race gutterh2 pof 471 incidents mentioned come left targeted scholar 164 come scholars right fact efforts conservatives turn tide campus mutated approaches look uncomfortably like speech codes battled decadesp pin case researchers trying determine liberals comfortable political violence targeted conservative author todd starnes insisted survey discover student attitudes equivalent endorsing violence case chairman virginia republican party demanded university virginia investigate professor larry sabato tweets critical president donald trumpp pacross country conservatives trying reduce influence campusstyle identity politics passed laws banning dub quotcritical race theoryquot crt catchall term constellation ideas encompass certain perspective race intersections society history critical race theory niche area study academy george floyd protests 2020 gone mainstream political left villain political rightp pthe laws republican lawmakers written effort counter crt unconstitutional applied higher education whats theyre likely backfire giving campus administrators permission rid professors teach subscribe particular ideology rid dissenters conservatives honestly express opinions definition dissenters campuses todayp pwhats remarkable debate asemthe atlanticems conor friedersdorf pointed right left swapped places crts leading thinkers richard delgado mari matsuda strongest proponents hate speech laws campus speech codes 80s 90s contributed books titles asemwords wound critical race theory assaultive speech amendmentem relying idea ideas dangerous anticrt laws promoted activists right direct descendents speech policies long favored matsuda delgadop ppennsylvania hb 1532 bans requiring quota student read view listen book article video presentation digital presentation learning material espouses advocates promotes racist sexist conceptquot public k12 schooling higher education bans hosting providing venue speaker quotespouses advocates promotes racist sexist conceptquot laws arkansas iowa oklahoma ban courses teach quotany individual feel discomfort guilt anguish form psychological distress account race sexquot bills states impose language federal bill referred house committee oversight reform proposes restraining washington dc schools wayp pas matsuda delgados work underlying notion discomforting speechespecially speech causes discomfort race genderis harmful prohibitedp pdefenders anticrt laws usually concede legislations language overbroad poorly crafted invariably insist laws vagueness ignored scale problem crafting laws angels seen exact argument decades defend speech codes aimed addressing racism sexism campus face terrible problem specifics law dont matter intentions dop pas anticrt laws proliferated left suddenly aware broad vague speech codes punish ideologies educators fond right suddenly began embrace sorts codes fought decades hoping codes weapon theyve long needed order turn ideological tide campusp ptrue believers political spectrum believe weapons good theyre wielded right people bad wielded wrong people thats problem needs solved lest campus culture titfortat race proverbial gutterp h2how save higher edh2 pamid second great age political correctnessstrongstrongamerican higher education expensive illiberal conformist descended period profound crisis wrought shifts hiring student development politically charged speech codes developed ignored years paying attention american campuses bastions free expression academic freedom instead declinep pwe afford higher ed college university presidents following thingsp ol liimmediately dump speech codesli liadopt statement specifically identifying free speech essential core purpose university committing university free speech valuesli lidefend free speech rights students faculty loudly clearly earlyli liteach free speech philosophy free inquiry academic freedom day oneli licollect data open campuses research climate debate discussion dissentli ol pthose donate colleges refuse demanding changesp pbut need reform existing institutions need alternative models traditional higher educationp pin early november 2021 upstart called university austin announced intention create new academic institution principles radically open inquiry civil discourse engagement diverse perspectives publicly available information sparse according pano kanelos incoming president university austin president st johns college plans launch masters programs 2022 2023 undergraduate program 2024p pmeanwhile khan academy online program watch free highquality instructional videos variety topics receive assessment abilities return minerva university ambitious hybrid model offering brickandmortar facilities san francisco foreign cities online instruction students world focuses teaching quotcritical wisdomquot toptier students claims exclusive elite colleges hard imagine future employers value mastery level khan academy degree minerva degree middling traditional universityp pthe line opinions professors students ferociously protected run universities reject idea colleges universities exist impose orthodoxies past decade academic institutions grown promoting specific views world incoming studentsp pradical openmindedness wildly place contemporary universities getting substantial cultural political changep pthat starts selfawareness lesson great age political correctness pc wars 1980s 90s huge mistake think movie likeempcuemskewered campus culture problem fixed result problem allowed grow worsep pwe cant mistake ideal time achieving real change higher ed 30 40 years ago best time nowp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20211213thesecondgreatageofpoliticalcorrectnessthe second great age political correctnessa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

61bbc04c30b9797e752cc3dc

My Conversation with Ray Dalio

phere is a relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodesraydalio target_blankthe audio and video and transcripta  here is part of the cwt summaryp blockquotepray joined tyler to discuss the forces that will affect american life in the coming decades why we should be skeptical of the saliency of current equities prices the market as a poker game the benefits and risks of the us dollar as the world reserve currency why he thinks us inflation will not be transitory the key to his success as an investor how studying the great depression enabled him to anticipate the 2008 financial crisis bridgewaters culture of radical transparency the usefulness of psychometric profiles where the united states is falling short most in terms of moral character his truthseeking process the kinds of education crucial to building a successful dynasty or empire  and what causes them to fail how transcendental meditation helps him be creative and objective what he loves about jazz music what we undervalue about the ocean why he loves bowhunting cape buffalo and morepblockquote phere is one excerptp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphstrongcowen strongif we think about macroeconomic cycles christina romer claims a lot of downturns are the result of fed contractions a relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpspapersssrncomsol3paperscfmabstract_id1768548 target_blankjim hamilton claims that some downturns are the result of high oil price shocksa and you have a a relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwmarketplaceorg20180925daliodebtcycle target_blanktheory of debt cyclesa if youre just trying to apportion out mentally how many of the cycles are fed contractionary shocks how many are oil shocks how many are debt cycles how do you see that landscapep p dataselectableparagraphstrongdalio strongi think that theres goods and services that exist in a certain quantity and then theres a certain amount of money and credit and they interact and throughout history if you have lets say an oil shock that is not accommodated by an easing of central bank policy in other words the production of more money and credit then what im saying if there was the emsameem money and credit and you had an oil shock then as oil goes up something else would have to go down and it would produce one set of circumstancesp p dataselectableparagraphit wouldnt produce the same inflation it would produce a consequence and it would produce a transfer of wealth for those who are selling the oil at a high price they gain wealth and it would produce a decrease in the wealth for those who are having to pay that higher price for example it would make middle eastern countries richer and it would make american companies and american entities poorer thats what would happen in a world in which we were to look at those items and that certainly can cause a downturn in the economyp p dataselectableparagraphsimilarly now where you can print money and credit you can create money and credit and it could have its effects but to answer your question about do oil shocks or fed policy have an effect the answer is both because for other reasons the tightening of money and credit reduces demand for things and as a result of reducing the demand for things it weakens the economyp p dataselectableparagraphboth an oil price shock or some other shock or a federal reserve tightening can cause the economy to weaken thats the answer to your question then it would have different implications depending on whether the central banks provided more or less money and creditp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphthere is much more at the link  and if you would like to donate to support conversations with tyler here is a relnoopener hrefhttpsdonatemercatusorgpodcastsutm_sourcemarginal_revolutionutm_mediumcwtutm_campaigneoy21 target_blankthe linkap pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112myconversationwithraydaliohtmlmy conversation with ray dalioa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

phere relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodesraydalio target_blankthe audio video transcripta cwt summaryp blockquotepray joined tyler discuss forces affect american life coming decades skeptical saliency current equities prices market poker game benefits risks dollar world reserve currency thinks inflation transitory key success investor studying great depression enabled anticipate 2008 financial crisis bridgewaters culture radical transparency usefulness psychometric profiles united states falling short terms moral character truthseeking process kinds education crucial building successful dynasty empireand causes fail transcendental meditation helps creative objective loves jazz music undervalue ocean loves bowhunting cape buffalo morepblockquote phere excerptp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphstrongcowenstrongif think macroeconomic cycles christina romer claims lot downturns result fed contractionsa relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpspapersssrncomsol3paperscfmabstract_id1768548 target_blankjim hamilton claims downturns result high oil price shocksa aa relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwmarketplaceorg20180925daliodebtcycle target_blanktheory debt cyclesa youre trying apportion mentally cycles fed contractionary shocks oil shocks debt cycles landscapep p dataselectableparagraphstrongdaliostrongi think theres goods services exist certain quantity theres certain money credit interact history lets oil shock accommodated easing central bank policy words production money credit im saying theemsameemmoney credit oil shock oil goes produce set circumstancesp p dataselectableparagraphit wouldnt produce inflation produce consequence produce transfer wealth selling oil high price gain wealth produce decrease wealth having pay higher price example middle eastern countries richer american companies american entities poorer thats happen world look items certainly cause downturn economyp p dataselectableparagraphsimilarly print money credit create money credit effects answer question oil shocks fed policy effect answer reasons tightening money credit reduces demand things result reducing demand things weakens economyp p dataselectableparagraphboth oil price shock shock federal reserve tightening cause economy weaken thats answer question different implications depending central banks provided money creditp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphthere link like donate support conversations tyler relnoopener hrefhttpsdonatemercatusorgpodcastsutm_sourcemarginal_revolutionutm_mediumcwtutm_campaigneoy21 target_blankthe linkap pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112myconversationwithraydaliohtmlmy conversation ray dalioa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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Is Atlas Shrugged overstated or understated?

blockquotepbpelosi asked today if lawmakers and their spouses bshould be barred from trading stocks gave a firm no this is a free market we are a free market economy they should be able to participate in thatpblockquote phere is a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpoliticocomnewslettersplaybookpm20211215thefadingchristmasdeadline495476 target_blankthe linka via a loyal strongmrstrong readerp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112isatlasshruggedoverstatedorunderstatedhtmlis atlas shrugged overstated or understateda appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

blockquotepbpelosi asked today lawmakers spouses bshould barred trading stocks gave firm free market free market economy able participate thatpblockquote phere relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpoliticocomnewslettersplaybookpm20211215thefadingchristmasdeadline495476 target_blankthe linka loyal strongmrstrong readerp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112isatlasshruggedoverstatedorunderstatedhtmlis atlas shrugged overstated understateda appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

61bd105ee22611c35cd58a6e

If Harvard Cared About Equality, It Would Abolish Legacy Admissions, Not ACT and SAT Requirements

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_32400x1350jpegwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_31200x675jpegwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3800x450jpegwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3600x338jpegwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3331x186jpegwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_32400x1350jpeg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_31200x675jpeg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3800x450jpeg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3600x338jpeg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3331x186jpeg 331w img width1200 altcambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3800x450jpeg height675 picture div pharvard university has a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211216usharvardadmissionsactsathtmldecideda to extend its pandemic policy of making sat and act scores optional for applicants until at least 2026 which means standardized test scores wont play much of a role in admissions decisions for years to come if ever again at allp pharvard cited the pandemic as the reason for the extension but the broader push to abolish the act and sat in college admissions is grounded in a misguided idea that the tests are unfair to underprivileged teenagers the university of california system for instance has moved to stop requiring the exams due to concerns that they disfavored black and hispanic applicants as emedsourceem a hrefhttpsedsourceorg2021universityofcaliforniamustdropsatactscoresforadmissionsandscholarships654842notesa this was part of a settlement with antitest activistsp blockquotepthe settlement marks the end of a lawsuit that was filed in 2019 by students community organizers and the compton unified school district the settlement was praised by critics who say standardized tests are biased against lowincome students students with disabilities and black and latino studentsp pthe historic settlement quotmarks an end to a sordid chapter in the history of the university of california the regents stubborn insistence over generations upon usage of the sat and act despite indisputable evidence that these exams only measured family wealth cost hundreds of thousands of talented students of color a fair opportunity to matriculate in their states system of higher educationquot mark rosenbaum one of the attorneys representing students in the case saidpblockquote pcontra rosenbaum the evidence emis emhighly disputed as freddie de boer author of a hrefhttpsusmacmillancombooks9781250224491emthe cult of smartema has a hrefhttpsfreddiedeboersubstackcompyouarentactuallymadatthesatsargueda very a hrefhttpsfreddiedeboersubstackcomppleasethinkcriticallyaboutcollegepersuasivelya some combination of grade point average and satact scores is highly predictive of success in college and its simply not true that prioritizing test scores punishes racial minorities emmore emthan alternative admissions standards on the contrary the more that schools rely on nonacademic criteria such as extracurricular activities and legacy status the more they reward applicants who are wealthy and wellconnected a gifted but impoverished latino teen who is the first in his family to finish high school has a better shot in a system that cares about his sat score than in a system that cares if his parents paid for clarinet lessons and secured him a spot on the water polo teamp pquotthere is no reason to believe that getting rid of the sats will increase what people actually mean by diversity at elite colleges and every reason to believe colleges will continue to game these systemsquot writes de boerp pif institutions like harvard really cared about being fair to the unprivileged theyd take a machete to legacy admissions a special boost to applicants who are the scions of previous graduates from 2014 to 2019 the general admittance race for harvard applicants was six percentbut the admit rate for legacies was 33 percent a hrefhttpswwwthecrimsoncomarticle20211028hightimetoendlegacyadmissionsaccordinga to emthe harvard crimsonemp pthe most prestigious educational institution in the country should take the brightest students and standardized tests are a better metric for that than the alternatives on offerp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20211217ifharvardcaredaboutequalityitwouldabolishlegacyadmissionsnotactandsatrequirementsif harvard cared about equality it would abolish legacy admissions not act and sat requirementsa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_32400x1350jpegwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_31200x675jpegwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3800x450jpegwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3600x338jpegwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3331x186jpegwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_32400x1350jpeg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_31200x675jpeg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3800x450jpeg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3600x338jpeg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3331x186jpeg 331w img width1200 altcambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112cambridge__usa__harvard_university__panoramio_3800x450jpeg height675 picture div pharvard university hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211216usharvardadmissionsactsathtmldecideda extend pandemic policy making sat act scores optional applicants 2026 means standardized test scores wont play role admissions decisions years come allp pharvard cited pandemic reason extension broader push abolish act sat college admissions grounded misguided idea tests unfair underprivileged teenagers university california system instance moved stop requiring exams concerns disfavored black hispanic applicants emedsourceema hrefhttpsedsourceorg2021universityofcaliforniamustdropsatactscoresforadmissionsandscholarships654842notesa settlement antitest activistsp blockquotepthe settlement marks end lawsuit filed 2019 students community organizers compton unified school district settlement praised critics standardized tests biased lowincome students students disabilities black latino studentsp pthe historic settlement quotmarks end sordid chapter history university california regents stubborn insistence generations usage sat act despite indisputable evidence exams measured family wealth cost hundreds thousands talented students color fair opportunity matriculate states system higher educationquot mark rosenbaum attorneys representing students case saidpblockquote pcontra rosenbaum evidence emisemhighly disputed freddie de boer author ofa hrefhttpsusmacmillancombooks9781250224491emthe cult smartema hrefhttpsfreddiedeboersubstackcompyouarentactuallymadatthesatsargueda hrefhttpsfreddiedeboersubstackcomppleasethinkcriticallyaboutcollegepersuasivelya combination grade point average satact scores highly predictive success college simply true prioritizing test scores punishes racial minorities emmoreemthan alternative admissions standards contrary schools rely nonacademic criteria extracurricular activities legacy status reward applicants wealthy wellconnected gifted impoverished latino teen family finish high school better shot system cares sat score system cares parents paid clarinet lessons secured spot water polo teamp pquotthere reason believe getting rid sats increase people actually mean diversity elite colleges reason believe colleges continue game systemsquot writes de boerp pif institutions like harvard cared fair unprivileged theyd machete legacy admissions special boost applicants scions previous graduates 2014 2019 general admittance race harvard applicants percentbut admit rate legacies 33 percent hrefhttpswwwthecrimsoncomarticle20211028hightimetoendlegacyadmissionsaccordinga toemthe harvard crimsonemp pthe prestigious educational institution country brightest students standardized tests better metric alternatives offerp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20211217ifharvardcaredaboutequalityitwouldabolishlegacyadmissionsnotactandsatrequirementsif harvard cared equality abolish legacy admissions act sat requirementsa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

61bd108de22611c35cd58a74

We the People Podcast on Court Reform

ptara leigh grove and i discuss our work as commissioners on the presidential commission on the supreme court of the united states and various proposals for reforming the supreme court on the a hrefhttpsmegaphonelinkncc8390724499latest edition of the we the people podcasta a hrefhttpsconstitutioncenterorgdebatepodcastswe the peoplea is a production of the a hrefhttpsconstitutioncenterorgnational constitution centera and hosted by the nccs president a hrefhttpsconstitutioncenterorgaboutpresidentandceojeffrey rosenap pa hrefhttpsmegaphonelinkncc8390724499listen to the whole thing hereap pthe national constitution center based in philadelphia has a lot of interesting public programming and is a valuable resource for those interested in american constitutional history and current constitutional controversies worth checking outp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomvolokh20211217wethepeoplepodcastoncourtreformwe the people podcast on court reforma appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

ptara leigh grove discuss work commissioners presidential commission supreme court united states proposals reforming supreme court hrefhttpsmegaphonelinkncc8390724499latest edition people podcasta hrefhttpsconstitutioncenterorgdebatepodcastswe peoplea production hrefhttpsconstitutioncenterorgnational constitution centera hosted nccs president hrefhttpsconstitutioncenterorgaboutpresidentandceojeffrey rosenap pa hrefhttpsmegaphonelinkncc8390724499listen thing hereap pthe national constitution center based philadelphia lot interesting public programming valuable resource interested american constitutional history current constitutional controversies worth checking outp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomvolokh20211217wethepeoplepodcastoncourtreformwe people podcast court reforma appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

61bd10cce22611c35cd58a78

The Study That Convinced the CDC To Support Mask Mandates in Schools Is Junk Science

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve4700042400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve4700041200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve4700042400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve4700041200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altsipaphotostwelve470004 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004800x450jpg height675 picture div pstrongon september 28 centers for disease control and prevention cdc director rochelle walensky a hrefhttpsmobiletwittercomcdcdirectorstatus1442963327441719301shared the resultsa of a new study that appeared to confirm the need for mask mandates in schoolsstrong the a hrefhttpswwwcdcgovmmwrvolumes70wrmm7039e1htms_cidmm7039e1_wstudya was conducted in arizona over the summer and published by the cdcs morbidity and mortality weekly report it found that schools in counties without mask mandates had 35 times more outbreaks than schools in counties with mask mandatesp pthe significance of that finding should have raised eyebrows according to emthe atlanticems david zweig quota number of the experts interviewed for this article said the size of the effect should have caused everyone involved in preparing publishing and publicizing the paper to tap the brakesquot he wrote in a new article that explores the studys significant flaws quotinstead they hit the gasquotp phis article a hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomsciencearchive202112maskguidelinescdcwalensky621035demonstratesa quite convincingly that the studys results are suspectp blockquotepbut the arizona study at the center of the cdcs backtoschool blitz turns out to have been profoundly misleading quotyou cant learn anything about the effects of school mask mandates from this studyquot jonathan ketcham a publichealth economist at arizona state university told me his view echoed the assessment of eight other experts who reviewed the research and with whom i spoke for this article masks may well help prevent the spread of covid some of these experts told me and there may well be contexts in which they should be required in schools but the data being touted by the cdcwhich showed a dramatic emmorethantriplingem of risk for unmasked studentsought to be excluded from this debate the arizona studys lead authors stand by their work and so does the cdc but the critics were forthright in their harsh assessments noah haber an interdisciplinary scientist and a coauthor of a systematic a hrefhttpswwwmedrxivorgcontent1011012021012121250243v5fulltextreviewa of covid19 mitigation policies called the research quotso unreliable that it probably should not have been entered into the public discoursequotpblockquote pit turns out that there were numerous problems with the study many of the schools that comprise its data set werent even open at the time the study was completed it counted outbreaks instead of cases it did not control for vaccination status it included schools that didnt fit the criteria for these and other reasons zweig argues that the study ought to be ignored entirely masking in schools may or may not be a good idea but this study doesnt help answer the question any public officialincluding and especially walenskywho purports to emfollow the science emshould toss this one in the trashp pin other covid19 news the cdc is now recommending the pfizer and moderna vaccines over johnson amp johnson due to the rare bloodclotting issues relating to the later according to a hrefhttpswwwfoxbusinesscomeconomycdcadvisorypanelrecommendspfizerandmodernvaccinesoverjohnsonjohnsonemfox businessemap blockquotepregulators eventually decided that the benefits of the johnson amp johnson vaccine outweighed the risks but the a relnofollow noopener hrefhttpswwwfdagovmedia146304download target_blankfda released new dataa this week showing that more cases have occurred in the summer and fallp pwomen between the ages of 30 and 49 are most affected by the blood clotting issue at a rate of about 1 in 100000 shotsp phealth officials have confirmed 54 cases of the blood clots nine of which have been fatal cdc official dr isaac see said thursday two more deaths are suspected to be related to the blood clotting issuepblockquote pthe jampj shot doesnt seem to provide a hrefhttpswwwdailymailcouknewsarticle10313227johnsonjohnsonvaccinedubiousagainstomicronlabstudyfindshtmlmuch protectiona against the nowsurging omicron variant in any casep pspeaking of omicron the latest covid19 variant is spreading throughout the us and is already a hrefhttpswwwcampusreformorgarticleid18598causing a wave of shutdownsa on some college campuses including cornell university stanford university georgetown university new york university and princeton university that these campuses all saw cases spike despite 95 percent vaccination rates likely means that the vaccines are not doing nearly enough to slow and stop infection though they still seem to offer significant protection against severe disease and deathp pthat will end up being key in washington dc for instance high vaccination rates meant that while the delta wave did cause a spike in cases the citys death rate did not increase at allp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langund dirltra hrefhttpstcosjhi78rzdqhttpstcosjhi78rzdqa a hrefhttpstcomerssowdiopictwittercommerssowdioap p christian britschgi christianbrits a hrefhttpstwittercomchristianbritsstatus1471602618422149120ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 16 2021apblockquote pp phopefully we see something similar with omicron though everyone should prepare for democratic officials to bring back mask mandates and maybe lockdowns in response to rising cases mayor muriel bowser will probably reinstate dcs mask mandatea hrefhttpsreasoncom20210731dcmayormurielbowsermaskmandatebirthdaypartyjust as soon as her own holiday parties are overap hr h1free mindsh1 pstronglast week a british court ruled that julian assange could face extradition to the usstrong assanges legal team has argued that a hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomtopicjulianassangeunpopularcausejournalismwikileaksdoing soa would put assanges health in grave danger he has already suffered a mini stroke and his brother has a hrefhttpswwwglobaltimescnpage2021121241457shtmlsaida quoti have no doubt he will diequot if extraditedp pfor years the founder of wikileaks hid in the uks ecuadorian embassy to evade government authorities who want to prosecute him for publishing the chelsea manning leaks which revealed a hrefhttpsreasoncom20170517chelseamanningshowedustheconsequenchorrific wrongdoingsa perpetrated by the us military the effort to punish assange is a blow to freedom of the press and the first amendment and one that all civil libertarians a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210106thecaseagainstjulianassangeisalsoacaseagainstthepressought to opposeap pone msnbc columnist frank figliuzzi is a hrefhttpswwwmsnbccomopinionjulianassangeextraditioncouldmeanevenmorelegaltroubledonaldn1285880treatinga the possible extradition of assange as a potential window intothe mueller investigationp blockquote pformer president donald trump already faces a future filled with a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancomusnews2021dec03donaldtrumpejeancarrolllawsuitlawyers target_blanklegal battlesa in multiple a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211209uspoliticstrumpjan6documentshtml target_blankfederala state and local jurisdictions from a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwvanityfaircomnews202111aspecialgrandjuryingeorgiacouldbethelatestsplittingheadachefortrump target_blankgeorgiaa to the a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcompoliticstrumpsnonprofitinauguralcommitteeimproperlypaida49000billincurredbyhiscompanydcattorneygeneralalleges2021011118fdf6da542711eba08bf1381ef3d207_storyhtml target_blankdistrict of columbiaa to a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211209nyregiontrumpsubpoenatestimonyletitiajameshtml target_blanknew york statea and a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcompoliticsmanhattandaconvenesnewgrandjuryintrumpcasetoweighpotentialcharges2021110479549fe03d8b11eca49351b0252dea0c_storyhtml target_blankmanhattana and now a british court decision against a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomstorylinesmartfactswhatwikileakseverythingyouneedknown869556 target_blankwikileaks founder julian assangea could resurrect the two seminal questions from special counsel robert muellers investigation did trump obstruct justice and did his campaign collude with russia assange an australian citizen sitting in a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwindependentcouknewsukcrimeterrorattacksukprisonbelmarshstreathamradicalisationa9332531html target_blankher majestys prison belmarsh in southeast londona may hold the key that reopens the prosecutive possibilitiesp blockquote pliberals should be howling about the unjust persecution of assange not salivating at the nearzero chance that he would provide new information that would bring back the possibility of criminal charges against former president donald trumpp hr h1free marketsh1 pstrongthe republican party is paying trumps legal expenses a hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcompoliticsrepublicanpartytrumplegalbillsnewyorkprobe2021121608af45245c3f11ec9c0ea955f8a009c1_storyhtmlaccording to emthe washington postemastrongp div section div div dataqadropcapletter blockquote p dataeltextthe republican party has agreed to pay up to 16 million in legal bills for former president donald trump to help him fight investigations into his business practices in new york according to republican national committee members and others briefed on the decisionp blockquote div div div div dataqadropcapletter blockquote p dataeltextthe partys executive committee overwhelmingly approved the payments at a meeting this summer in nashville according to four members and others with knowledge of the situation who spoke on the condition of anonymity to describe a private meeting of the executive committeep blockquote div div section div div datagtmvisfirstonscreen11017726_60112445 datagtmvishasfired11017726_6011 datagtmvisrecentonscreen11017726_60112445 datagtmvistotalvisibletime11017726_601100 section blockquote div div dataqadropcapletter p dataeltextthat means the gops commitment to pay trumps personal legal expenses could be more than 10 times higher than previously knownp div div blockquote div div dataqadropcapletter blockquote p dataeltextlast month the gop said in campaignfinance filings that it had paid trumps a titlewwwwashingtonpostcom hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcompoliticstrumprnclegalbillsnyinvestigationvancejames20211122ef447f384bda11ecb73ba00d6e559a6e_storyhtmlitidlk_inline_manual_7personal attorneys 121670 in octobera more payments have been made since then a party official said thursday that the rnc paid 578000 in november to attorneys known to be representing both trump and his businessesp blockquote hr div div section div h1quick hitsh1 ul linew york citys new mayor eric adams a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211217nyregionericadamsrikersislandhtmlwants to close rikersali litrumps efforts to force the senate to ditch senate minority leader mitch mcconnell rky a hrefhttpswwwpoliticocomnews20211217goptrumpoustmcconnell525207arent going very wellali limany universities are requiring students a hrefhttpswwwthecollegefixcomgrowingnumberofuniversitiesrequirestudentsgetcovidboostershotto get booster shotsali lia hrefhttpswwwthedailybeastcomadamjennebannedfromunitedairlinesforlifeforwearingredthongasamaskviatwitter_pagea florida mana was banned from a united flight after attempting to wear a red thong as his maskli lianthony fauci a hrefhttpstwittercomsquawkcnbcstatus1471813973238550540prefersa the word quotrequirementsquot to quotmandatesquotli lia soho forum debate announcementli ul blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrill be debating the brilliant a hrefhttpstwittercomjonhaidtref_srctwsrc5etfwjonhaidta on the resolution quotthe federal government should increase its efforts to reduce the harms caused by social mediaquot event is february 17th in new york city get tickets herea hrefhttpstcobcevidsc9ghttpstcobcevidsc9ga a hrefhttpstco2nhubll63xpictwittercom2nhubll63xap p robby soave robbysoave a hrefhttpstwittercomrobbysoavestatus1471594761794564097ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 16 2021apblockquote pp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20211217studymasksinschoolsjunksciencecdcwalenskythe study that convinced the cdc to support mask mandates in schools is junk sciencea appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve4700042400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve4700041200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve4700042400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve4700041200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altsipaphotostwelve470004 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112sipaphotostwelve470004800x450jpg height675 picture div pstrongon september 28 centers disease control prevention cdc director rochelle walensky hrefhttpsmobiletwittercomcdcdirectorstatus1442963327441719301shared resultsa new study appeared confirm need mask mandates schoolsstrong hrefhttpswwwcdcgovmmwrvolumes70wrmm7039e1htms_cidmm7039e1_wstudya conducted arizona summer published cdcs morbidity mortality weekly report found schools counties mask mandates 35 times outbreaks schools counties mask mandatesp pthe significance finding raised eyebrows according toemthe atlanticems david zweig quota number experts interviewed article said size effect caused involved preparing publishing publicizing paper tap brakesquot wrote new article explores studys significant flaws quotinstead hit gasquotp phis article hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomsciencearchive202112maskguidelinescdcwalensky621035demonstratesa convincingly studys results suspectp blockquotepbut arizona study center cdcs backtoschool blitz turns profoundly misleading quotyou cant learn effects school mask mandates studyquot jonathan ketcham publichealth economist arizona state university told view echoed assessment experts reviewed research spoke article masks help prevent spread covid experts told contexts required schools data touted cdcwhich showed dramaticemmorethantriplingemof risk unmasked studentsought excluded debate arizona studys lead authors stand work cdc critics forthright harsh assessments noah haber interdisciplinary scientist coauthor systematica hrefhttpswwwmedrxivorgcontent1011012021012121250243v5fulltextreviewaof covid19 mitigation policies called research quotso unreliable probably entered public discoursequotpblockquote pit turns numerous problems study schools comprise data set werent open time study completed counted outbreaks instead cases control vaccination status included schools didnt fit criteria reasons zweig argues study ought ignored entirely masking schools good idea study doesnt help answer question public officialincluding especially walenskywho purports emfollow scienceemshould toss trashp pin covid19 news cdc recommending pfizer moderna vaccines johnson amp johnson rare bloodclotting issues relating later according hrefhttpswwwfoxbusinesscomeconomycdcadvisorypanelrecommendspfizerandmodernvaccinesoverjohnsonjohnsonemfox businessemap blockquotepregulators eventually decided benefits johnson amp johnson vaccine outweighed risks thea relnofollow noopener hrefhttpswwwfdagovmedia146304download target_blankfda released new dataathis week showing cases occurred summer fallp pwomen ages 30 49 affected blood clotting issue rate 1 100000 shotsp phealth officials confirmed 54 cases blood clots fatal cdc official dr isaac said thursday deaths suspected related blood clotting issuepblockquote pthe jampj shot doesnt provide hrefhttpswwwdailymailcouknewsarticle10313227johnsonjohnsonvaccinedubiousagainstomicronlabstudyfindshtmlmuch protectiona nowsurging omicron variant casep pspeaking omicron latest covid19 variant spreading hrefhttpswwwcampusreformorgarticleid18598causing wave shutdownsa college campuses including cornell university stanford university georgetown university new york university princeton university campuses saw cases spike despite 95 percent vaccination rates likely means vaccines nearly slow stop infection offer significant protection severe disease deathp pthat end key washington dc instance high vaccination rates meant delta wave cause spike cases citys death rate increase allp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langund dirltra hrefhttpstcosjhi78rzdqhttpstcosjhi78rzdqa hrefhttpstcomerssowdiopictwittercommerssowdioap p christian britschgi christianbrits hrefhttpstwittercomchristianbritsstatus1471602618422149120ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 16 2021apblockquote pp phopefully similar omicron prepare democratic officials bring mask mandates maybe lockdowns response rising cases mayor muriel bowser probably reinstate dcs mask mandatea hrefhttpsreasoncom20210731dcmayormurielbowsermaskmandatebirthdaypartyjust soon holiday parties overap hr h1free mindsh1 pstronglast week british court ruled julian assange face extradition usstrong assanges legal team argued hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomtopicjulianassangeunpopularcausejournalismwikileaksdoing soa assanges health grave danger suffered mini stroke brother hrefhttpswwwglobaltimescnpage2021121241457shtmlsaida quoti doubt diequot extraditedp pfor years founder wikileaks hid uks ecuadorian embassy evade government authorities want prosecute publishing chelsea manning leaks revealed hrefhttpsreasoncom20170517chelseamanningshowedustheconsequenchorrific wrongdoingsa perpetrated military effort punish assange blow freedom press amendment civil libertarians hrefhttpsreasoncom20210106thecaseagainstjulianassangeisalsoacaseagainstthepressought opposeap pone msnbc columnist frank figliuzzi hrefhttpswwwmsnbccomopinionjulianassangeextraditioncouldmeanevenmorelegaltroubledonaldn1285880treatinga possible extradition assange potential window intothe mueller investigationp blockquote pformer president donald trump faces future filled witha relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancomusnews2021dec03donaldtrumpejeancarrolllawsuitlawyers target_blanklegal battlesain multiplea relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211209uspoliticstrumpjan6documentshtml target_blankfederala state local jurisdictions froma relnoopener hrefhttpswwwvanityfaircomnews202111aspecialgrandjuryingeorgiacouldbethelatestsplittingheadachefortrump target_blankgeorgiaato thea relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcompoliticstrumpsnonprofitinauguralcommitteeimproperlypaida49000billincurredbyhiscompanydcattorneygeneralalleges2021011118fdf6da542711eba08bf1381ef3d207_storyhtml target_blankdistrict columbiaatoa relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211209nyregiontrumpsubpoenatestimonyletitiajameshtml target_blanknew york stateaanda relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcompoliticsmanhattandaconvenesnewgrandjuryintrumpcasetoweighpotentialcharges2021110479549fe03d8b11eca49351b0252dea0c_storyhtml target_blankmanhattana british court decision againsta relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomstorylinesmartfactswhatwikileakseverythingyouneedknown869556 target_blankwikileaks founder julian assangeacould resurrect seminal questions special counsel robert muellers investigation trump obstruct justice campaign collude russia assange australian citizen sitting ina relnoopener hrefhttpswwwindependentcouknewsukcrimeterrorattacksukprisonbelmarshstreathamradicalisationa9332531html target_blankher majestys prison belmarsh southeast londona hold key reopens prosecutive possibilitiesp blockquote pliberals howling unjust persecution assange salivating nearzero chance provide new information bring possibility criminal charges president donald trumpp hr h1free marketsh1 pstrongthe republican party paying trumps legal expenses hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcompoliticsrepublicanpartytrumplegalbillsnewyorkprobe2021121608af45245c3f11ec9c0ea955f8a009c1_storyhtmlaccording toemthe washington postemastrongp div section div div dataqadropcapletter blockquote p dataeltextthe republican party agreed pay 16 million legal bills president donald trump help fight investigations business practices new york according republican national committee members briefed decisionp blockquote div div div div dataqadropcapletter blockquote p dataeltextthe partys executive committee overwhelmingly approved payments meeting summer nashville according members knowledge situation spoke condition anonymity describe private meeting executive committeep blockquote div div section div div datagtmvisfirstonscreen11017726_60112445 datagtmvishasfired11017726_6011 datagtmvisrecentonscreen11017726_60112445 datagtmvistotalvisibletime11017726_601100 section blockquote div div dataqadropcapletter p dataeltextthat means gops commitment pay trumps personal legal expenses 10 times higher previously knownp div div blockquote div div dataqadropcapletter blockquote p dataeltextlast month gop said campaignfinance filings paid trumpsa titlewwwwashingtonpostcom hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcompoliticstrumprnclegalbillsnyinvestigationvancejames20211122ef447f384bda11ecb73ba00d6e559a6e_storyhtmlitidlk_inline_manual_7personal attorneys 121670 octobera payments party official said thursday rnc paid 578000 november attorneys known representing trump businessesp blockquote hr div div section div h1quick hitsh1 ul linew york citys new mayor eric adams hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211217nyregionericadamsrikersislandhtmlwants close rikersali litrumps efforts force senate ditch senate minority leader mitch mcconnell rky hrefhttpswwwpoliticocomnews20211217goptrumpoustmcconnell525207arent going wellali limany universities requiring students hrefhttpswwwthecollegefixcomgrowingnumberofuniversitiesrequirestudentsgetcovidboostershotto booster shotsali lia hrefhttpswwwthedailybeastcomadamjennebannedfromunitedairlinesforlifeforwearingredthongasamaskviatwitter_pagea florida mana banned united flight attempting wear red thong maskli lianthony fauci hrefhttpstwittercomsquawkcnbcstatus1471813973238550540prefersa word quotrequirementsquot quotmandatesquotli lia soho forum debate announcementli ul blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrill debating brilliant hrefhttpstwittercomjonhaidtref_srctwsrc5etfwjonhaidta resolution quotthe federal government increase efforts reduce harms caused social mediaquot event february 17th new york city tickets herea hrefhttpstcobcevidsc9ghttpstcobcevidsc9ga hrefhttpstco2nhubll63xpictwittercom2nhubll63xap p robby soave robbysoave hrefhttpstwittercomrobbysoavestatus1471594761794564097ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 16 2021apblockquote pp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20211217studymasksinschoolsjunksciencecdcwalenskythe study convinced cdc support mask mandates schools junk sciencea appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

61bd1194e22611c35cd58a95

Fund Science on the Basis of Scientists‘ Work, Not Their Identity

img altfund science on the basis of scientists work not their identity srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202112medicallaboratoryinhospital208bigjpgpbrthe natural science and engineering research council of canada that countrys major scientific funding organization is developing a comprehensive research plan called a hrefhttpswwwnserccrsnggccanserccrsngnserc2030crsng2030index_engaspemnserc 2030ema to guide its priorities over the next decade in the current phase nserc is engaging with external stakeholders through a series of a hrefhttpsr20rs6nettnjspf001mrz62syexphnvvohjn2cyo8aujqhu39pmzpkzsud9eebvn_h_okjjrcp0g86jmnamp_ovalyjmadhme02h6ldfzhjny7v79oqcv404u23olgoj92p2jjshgog5_okjpcxxmyuo3ifgcfmnbsf57smvp11zgbvzlcdkqnk67brkllkm4nmros_r0k4twy3sjqr39psqeuwnmaillfylobbrju2ju22y8iuhk2atawveo4h7tuzdi9qgvnpts3x44k_nti9v_gcrnfidkijz1mytras83cmui7bgephi9kor4dnemi5eniiibmcfi07eqchpzpmtah7budzr6lzm1h8uv2rqyqamx3_2oaytlnbdnuewhcnitj61wdiscussion papersa aimed at finding new ways to support researchers and enhance the impact of their work predictably there is a heavy focus on diversity with stakeholders being asked to address the following two discussion questionspblockquoteparticipation rates by women visible minorities and racialized groups vary significantly across programs and across disciplines should nserc explore specific measures to address these diversity gaps should special programs be targeted exclusively to certain underrepresented groups to provide better opportunitiesblockquoteblockquotedetermining fair access to research support involves ensuring parity between the proportion of applicants from an identity group and the proportion of awards to applicants from that group to accelerate this process should nserc explore other equity measures such as dedicated funding to institutions to career stages or to identity groups should it explore setting targets andor equalizing outcomesblockquotepthe standard of fair access that nserc planners set out here implies a fundamental misunderstanding of the difference between mandating equality of emopportunityemwhich is desirableand mandating equality of emoutcomeem the latter would lead to overt identitybased discrimination against members of groups whose applications in some cases would otherwise be successful under a purely meritbased approach that a major researchfunding agency is promoting such a misunderstanding in regard to policy formulation is an issue of some concernppwhile canadian science marches down this misguided road australian science is under attack on a related front earlier this month the journal emnature emran an article with the headline outcry as men win outsize share of australian medicalresearch funding a hrefhttpswwwnaturecomarticlesd4158602103536wapprovinglya describing a a hrefhttpswwwchangeorgpfundwomeninstemequitablypetitiona calling for the imposition of gender quotas to govern the awarding of investigator grants by the national health and medical research council nhmrc australias principle medicalresearch funding body the petition which has been signed by about 7000 australians was created by two female biology researchers whod outlined the statistical basis of their complaint in a report for the australian news site a hrefhttpswomensagendacomaulatestisaustraliaslargestmedicalresearchfundingbodydoingenoughtoretainwomeninstemmemwomens agendaemaem emalthough an equivalent number of grant applications were received from female and male researchers wrote professor louise purton and dr jessica borger men were disproportionately awarded a staggering 23 more grants corresponding to an extra 95million in funding all figures in ausppthe available numbers dont tell us if there was any evidence of systemic bias in the underlying grant criteria or in the evaluation of applications against those criteria however they emdoem provide information that helps explain the sexbased discrepancies at playalthough not in a way that advances prof purton and dr borgers argumentppa bar chart included in a hrefhttpswwwnaturecomarticlesd4158601903038wa previous emnature emarticlea on this subject shows the total value of grants awarded to men and women in 2019 categorized by seniority quintile in the first most junior quintile women actually were awarded emmoreem grant money than men got in the second quintile men had a slight edge this edge grew substantially in the third and fourth quintiles leading up to a massive difference in the fifth ie most senior quintile which shows the most senior male scientists being awarded 81 million compared to just 21 million for the most senior female scientists this means that of the money going to senior scientists women got just over 20 percentpfigureimg srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202112screenshot20211216at25947pmpng altfund science on the basis of scientists work not their identity width1480 height936figcaptionmale red vs female green investigator grant recipients in 2019 by applicant seniorityfigcaptionfigurepthe a hrefhttpswwwnaturecomarticlesd4158602103536wlatest emnature emarticlea concludes with a quote from teresa woodruff an obstetrician and advocate for women in science at northwestern university she describes the data as a wakeup call to funders who now should address the issues but the emnature emanalysis glides over one of the more obvious issues lying in plain sight as the 2019 article showed there tends to be fewer senior women just 17 in 2019 applying for grants as compared to senior men 75 in 2021 the numbers were similar according to emnatureem at the most senior level there were about four times more male than female applicantsan 8020 malefemale applicant split that corresponds almost exactly to the 81 million21 million split in awarded 2021 grantsppthis pattern has an obvious explanation there are simply more men than women in the senior ranks of australias health and medical researchersa fact that shouldnt surprise anyone since most scientific fields were until just a few decades ago almost entirely dominated by men thankfully this era is over and australias medical schools achieved a hrefhttpswww1racgporgaunewsgpprofessionalistheregenderequityinaustralianmedicinenosgender paritya in admissions a long time ago thus one might expect that the funding of male and female medical researchers at the junior level would be roughly even while being progressively more skewed toward men among older generationswhich is exactly what the data reported by emnature emshows to be the caseppunfortunately many activists would prefer to force a quick fix through gender quotas a policy which would assign money on the basis of identity not research quality signatories of the fund women in stem equitably a hrefhttpswwwchangeorgpfundwomeninstemequitablypetitiona for instancepblockquoteare calling on the to improve equity for women in stemm [science technology engineering maths and medicine] by allocating the same amount of funding to each gender including a separate pot for nonbinary applicants and to set quotas at each of the investigator grant fellowship levels for each gender to ensure that all academic levels are supported with equityblockquotepthe opportunity for abuse and discrimination within such a system is obvious even putting aside the somewhat strange proposal that extra money be put aside for individuals who claim to be nonbinary and so it is not clear that such a system would be warranted even if the existence of discrimination had been proved but no such proof has been offered rather the outcry seems to be based on an incomplete and arguably misleading presentation of the available datappnotably emnature emglosses over the fact that as nhmrc ceo anne kelso points out funding rates for men and women are nearly equal in regard to the nhmrcs entire 11 billion funding budget as a whole of which the 398 million earmarked for investigator grants the subject of the petition and the emnature emarticle based on it is but one component this overall pattern is hardly compatible with the suggestion that the nhmrc is a hive of sexism note that of its ceo general manager and three executive directors a hrefhttpswwwnhmrcgovauaboutusleadershipandgovernanceseniorexecutiveandleadershipteamonly one is a mana nor is it compatible with the broad accusations against nhmrc repeated by emnatureem such as the claim by quota advocate megan head an evolutionary biologist at the australian national university in canberra to the effect that australia has a terrible record with gender equity in science technology engineering and mathematicsppwe have gone down this road before when strict quotas were placed on jewish scientists within my own academic sphere physics as a means of excluding jews including very nearly future nobel prize winner richard feynman from us graduate schools today we properly regard such policies as shameful both for discriminating against individual human beings and for misdirecting societys scientific resources medical science is a lifeanddeath endeavor and decisions about how that science should be funded must be based on the quality of research proposals not the skin color or sex of those submitting themp

img altfund science basis scientists work identity srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202112medicallaboratoryinhospital208bigjpgpbrthe natural science engineering research council canada countrys major scientific funding organization developing comprehensive research plan called hrefhttpswwwnserccrsnggccanserccrsngnserc2030crsng2030index_engaspemnserc 2030ema guide priorities decade current phase nserc engaging external stakeholders series hrefhttpsr20rs6nettnjspf001mrz62syexphnvvohjn2cyo8aujqhu39pmzpkzsud9eebvn_h_okjjrcp0g86jmnamp_ovalyjmadhme02h6ldfzhjny7v79oqcv404u23olgoj92p2jjshgog5_okjpcxxmyuo3ifgcfmnbsf57smvp11zgbvzlcdkqnk67brkllkm4nmros_r0k4twy3sjqr39psqeuwnmaillfylobbrju2ju22y8iuhk2atawveo4h7tuzdi9qgvnpts3x44k_nti9v_gcrnfidkijz1mytras83cmui7bgephi9kor4dnemi5eniiibmcfi07eqchpzpmtah7budzr6lzm1h8uv2rqyqamx3_2oaytlnbdnuewhcnitj61wdiscussion papersa aimed finding new ways support researchers enhance impact work predictably heavy focus diversity stakeholders asked address following discussion questionspblockquoteparticipation rates women visible minorities racialized groups vary significantly programs disciplines nserc explore specific measures address diversity gaps special programs targeted exclusively certain underrepresented groups provide better opportunitiesblockquoteblockquotedetermining fair access research support involves ensuring parity proportion applicants identity group proportion awards applicants group accelerate process nserc explore equity measures dedicated funding institutions career stages identity groups explore setting targets andor equalizing outcomesblockquotepthe standard fair access nserc planners set implies fundamental misunderstanding difference mandating equality emopportunityemwhich desirableand mandating equality emoutcomeem lead overt identitybased discrimination members groups applications cases successful purely meritbased approach major researchfunding agency promoting misunderstanding regard policy formulation issue concernppwhile canadian science marches misguided road australian science attack related earlier month journal emnature emran article headline outcry men win outsize share australian medicalresearch funding hrefhttpswwwnaturecomarticlesd4158602103536wapprovinglya describing hrefhttpswwwchangeorgpfundwomeninstemequitablypetitiona calling imposition gender quotas govern awarding investigator grants national health medical research council nhmrc australias principle medicalresearch funding body petition signed 7000 australians created female biology researchers whod outlined statistical basis complaint report australian news site hrefhttpswomensagendacomaulatestisaustraliaslargestmedicalresearchfundingbodydoingenoughtoretainwomeninstemmemwomens agendaemaem emalthough equivalent number grant applications received female male researchers wrote professor louise purton dr jessica borger men disproportionately awarded staggering 23 grants corresponding extra 95million funding figures ausppthe available numbers dont tell evidence systemic bias underlying grant criteria evaluation applications criteria emdoem provide information helps explain sexbased discrepancies playalthough way advances prof purton dr borgers argumentppa bar chart included hrefhttpswwwnaturecomarticlesd4158601903038wa previous emnature emarticlea subject shows total value grants awarded men women 2019 categorized seniority quintile junior quintile women actually awarded emmoreem grant money men got second quintile men slight edge edge grew substantially fourth quintiles leading massive difference fifth ie senior quintile shows senior male scientists awarded 81 million compared 21 million senior female scientists means money going senior scientists women got 20 percentpfigureimg srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202112screenshot20211216at25947pmpng altfund science basis scientists work identity width1480 height936figcaptionmale red vs female green investigator grant recipients 2019 applicant seniorityfigcaptionfigurepthe hrefhttpswwwnaturecomarticlesd4158602103536wlatest emnature emarticlea concludes quote teresa woodruff obstetrician advocate women science northwestern university describes data wakeup funders address issues emnature emanalysis glides obvious issues lying plain sight 2019 article showed tends fewer senior women 17 2019 applying grants compared senior men 75 2021 numbers similar according emnatureem senior level times male female applicantsan 8020 malefemale applicant split corresponds exactly 81 million21 million split awarded 2021 grantsppthis pattern obvious explanation simply men women senior ranks australias health medical researchersa fact shouldnt surprise scientific fields decades ago entirely dominated men thankfully era australias medical schools achieved hrefhttpswww1racgporgaunewsgpprofessionalistheregenderequityinaustralianmedicinenosgender paritya admissions long time ago expect funding male female medical researchers junior level roughly progressively skewed men older generationswhich exactly data reported emnature emshows caseppunfortunately activists prefer force quick fix gender quotas policy assign money basis identity research quality signatories fund women stem equitably hrefhttpswwwchangeorgpfundwomeninstemequitablypetitiona instancepblockquoteare calling improve equity women stemm [science technology engineering maths medicine] allocating funding gender including separate pot nonbinary applicants set quotas investigator grant fellowship levels gender ensure academic levels supported equityblockquotepthe opportunity abuse discrimination system obvious putting aside somewhat strange proposal extra money aside individuals claim nonbinary clear system warranted existence discrimination proved proof offered outcry based incomplete arguably misleading presentation available datappnotably emnature emglosses fact nhmrc ceo anne kelso points funding rates men women nearly equal regard nhmrcs entire 11 billion funding budget 398 million earmarked investigator grants subject petition emnature emarticle based component overall pattern hardly compatible suggestion nhmrc hive sexism note ceo general manager executive directors hrefhttpswwwnhmrcgovauaboutusleadershipandgovernanceseniorexecutiveandleadershipteamonly mana compatible broad accusations nhmrc repeated emnatureem claim quota advocate megan head evolutionary biologist australian national university canberra effect australia terrible record gender equity science technology engineering mathematicsppwe gone road strict quotas placed jewish scientists academic sphere physics means excluding jews including nearly future nobel prize winner richard feynman graduate schools today properly regard policies shameful discriminating individual human beings misdirecting societys scientific resources medical science lifeanddeath endeavor decisions science funded based quality research proposals skin color sex submitting themp

61c256434b0f3551ae22aa51

CNN's Leana Wen: 'Cloth Masks Are Little More Than Facial Decorations'

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_1953059072216x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_1953059071200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_1953059072216x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_1953059071200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altdreamstime_m_195305907 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907800x450jpg height675 picture div pit is difficult to keep up with the evermutating scientific consensus on masks in the early days of the pandemic white house covid19 adviser anthony fauci a hrefhttpswwwreuterscomarticleukfactcheckfaucioutdatedvideomasksfactcheckoutdatedvideooffaucisayingtheresnoreasontobewalkingaroundwithamaskiduskbn26t2trtolda the public not to bother with them before abruptly adopting a wearamaskanymask stance after vaccines became widely available last winter and spring the centers for disease control and prevention cdc said the vaccinated no longer needed to wear them and then reversed course after determining that the delta variant was much more contagious than the original strain and the cdcs support for mask mandates in schools rests upon a study that has now been a hrefhttpsreasoncom20211217studymasksinschoolsjunksciencecdcwalenskysubstantially debunkedap penter leana wen a medical analyst for cnn and former president of planned parenthood wen is one of cable news most vigorous supporters of coercive covid19 measures she previously suggested that the government should a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210910cnnleanawenunvaccinatedtraveloutdoorbanprohibita unvaccinated people from traveling and perhaps from leaving their homes at all during a cnn appearance on monday wen made the provocative statement that the commonly used cloth masks are essentially useless at preventing the spread of the omicron variantp pquotdont wear a cloth maskquot she said quotcloth masks are little more than facial decorations theres no place for them in light of omicronquotp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltra hrefhttpstwittercomdrleanawenref_srctwsrc5etfwdrleanawena quotdont wear a cloth mask cloth masks are little more than facial decorations theres no place for them in light of omicronquot a hrefhttpstcokpoj18sxdipictwittercomkpoj18sxdiap p townhallcom townhallcom a hrefhttpstwittercomtownhallcomstatus1473305692714983439ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 21 2021apblockquote pp phuh as emtownhallems spencer brown a hrefhttpstownhallcomtipsheetspencerbrown20211221cnnmedicalanalystn2600880points outa wens view of the science contradicts the guidance from the white house and the cdc which holds that cloth masks are good enough in fact the cdc has specifically a hrefhttpswwwcdcgovcoronavirus2019ncovpreventgettingsickaboutfacecoveringshtmlinstructeda people emnot emto wear n95 masksp pwen is a supporter of mandates so perhaps she thinks the higher quality masks should be required in some settings yet if shes right it means the masks that the overwhelming majority of people are wearing in order to comply with mandatesin public schools on public transportation in many workplaces gyms and even social settingsarent doing any good they represent another element of pandemic hygiene theater a public health requirement that makes people emfeel emsafer without a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210210schoolscoronavirusrandiweingartencovid19reopeningofferinga them much actual protectionp pagainst the initial strain a hrefhttpsreasoncom20200610wearingmasksisaneffectivewaytocontrolthecovid19pandemicsaysnewstudysome studiesa found that mask wearing helped to decrease the spread of covid19 a hrefhttpsreasoncom20201118masksnotveryeffectiveatprotectingwearerssaysnewdanishstudyothers were more mixeda delta and omicron of course are significantly more infectious and thus wens contention that the commonlyused masks arent doing very much is probably correct this should be an argument for emgetting rid of all mask mandates not making the mandates stricter emthe government checking the quality of peoples masks would be an absurd overreach the mandate is already difficult to enforce as people constantly and understandably pull their masks beneath their noses in order to make it easier to breathep pit would be better for the public health bureaucracy to admit that we cannot mask our way out of the pandemic at this point covid19 is too contagious to be effectively constrained by the tools at the governments disposal it would take transforming into a chinastyle totalitarian state this is a path the us government is constitutionally morally and practically prevented from takingp pits time to end mask mandates in schools on a hrefhttpsreasoncom20211220againstfaucismairplanesa and in other settings where they are required rational policy makers should conclude that these mandates failure emweakens emtheir legitimacyp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20211221leanawenclothmaskfacialdecorationscovidcdcguidancecnns leana wen cloth masks are little more than facial decorationsa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_1953059072216x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_1953059071200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_1953059072216x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_1953059071200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altdreamstime_m_195305907 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112dreamstime_m_195305907800x450jpg height675 picture div pit difficult evermutating scientific consensus masks early days pandemic white house covid19 adviser anthony fauci hrefhttpswwwreuterscomarticleukfactcheckfaucioutdatedvideomasksfactcheckoutdatedvideooffaucisayingtheresnoreasontobewalkingaroundwithamaskiduskbn26t2trtolda public bother abruptly adopting wearamaskanymask stance vaccines widely available winter spring centers disease control prevention cdc said vaccinated longer needed wear reversed course determining delta variant contagious original strain cdcs support mask mandates schools rests study hrefhttpsreasoncom20211217studymasksinschoolsjunksciencecdcwalenskysubstantially debunkedap penter leana wen medical analyst cnn president planned parenthood wen cable news vigorous supporters coercive covid19 measures previously suggested government hrefhttpsreasoncom20210910cnnleanawenunvaccinatedtraveloutdoorbanprohibita unvaccinated people traveling leaving homes cnn appearance monday wen provocative statement commonly cloth masks essentially useless preventing spread omicron variantp pquotdont wear cloth maskquot said quotcloth masks little facial decorations theres place light omicronquotp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltra hrefhttpstwittercomdrleanawenref_srctwsrc5etfwdrleanawena quotdont wear cloth mask cloth masks little facial decorations theres place light omicronquot hrefhttpstcokpoj18sxdipictwittercomkpoj18sxdiap p townhallcom townhallcom hrefhttpstwittercomtownhallcomstatus1473305692714983439ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 21 2021apblockquote pp phuh asemtownhallems spencer brown hrefhttpstownhallcomtipsheetspencerbrown20211221cnnmedicalanalystn2600880points outa wens view science contradicts guidance white house cdc holds cloth masks good fact cdc specifically hrefhttpswwwcdcgovcoronavirus2019ncovpreventgettingsickaboutfacecoveringshtmlinstructeda peopleemnotemto wear n95 masksp pwen supporter mandates thinks higher quality masks required settings shes right means masks overwhelming majority people wearing order comply mandatesin public schools public transportation workplaces gyms social settingsarent good represent element pandemic hygiene theater public health requirement makes peopleemfeelemsafer hrefhttpsreasoncom20210210schoolscoronavirusrandiweingartencovid19reopeningofferinga actual protectionp pagainst initial strain hrefhttpsreasoncom20200610wearingmasksisaneffectivewaytocontrolthecovid19pandemicsaysnewstudysome studiesa found mask wearing helped decrease spread covid19 hrefhttpsreasoncom20201118masksnotveryeffectiveatprotectingwearerssaysnewdanishstudyothers mixeda delta omicron course significantly infectious wens contention commonlyused masks arent probably correct argument emgetting rid mask mandates making mandates stricter emthe government checking quality peoples masks absurd overreach mandate difficult enforce people constantly understandably pull masks beneath noses order easier breathep pit better public health bureaucracy admit mask way pandemic point covid19 contagious effectively constrained tools governments disposal transforming chinastyle totalitarian state path government constitutionally morally practically prevented takingp pits time end mask mandates schools hrefhttpsreasoncom20211220againstfaucismairplanesa settings required rational policy makers conclude mandates failure emweakensemtheir legitimacyp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20211221leanawenclothmaskfacialdecorationscovidcdcguidancecnns leana wen cloth masks little facial decorationsa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

61c256734b0f3551ae22aa59

The Slow Rollout of Rapid Tests

pspani thought the spanspanbidenspanspan administration would at least make original pandemic errors but no its been making all the same errors slow on vaccines slow on rapid testing and slow on new drugs and far too little investment still after a hrefhttpsmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202007frequentfastandcheapisbetterthansensitivehtmla year and half of shouting it from the rooftopsa we are getting some rapid tests josh gans has ana hrefhttpsjoshuaganssubstackcomptherapidtestepiphanyroc6a interesting remindera focusing on canada that this has been an example of expert failure not just us failure spanp blockquoteprapid test advocates such as myself have suddenly moved from fringe crazies who were told they didnt understand the science to we need them and we need them nowp pseveral cases in pointp ul lithe a rel hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211217uspoliticsunvaccinatedchildrencovidtestingcdchtmlcdc now saysa that unvaccinated students exposed to covid can test to stay that is rather than sending all the students in a class or a school home when one tests positive for covid they test the students instead and so long as they are negative they stayli lithe us government a rel hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211221uspoliticsomicroncovidbidenhtmlis going to order 500 million rapid testsa and distribute them free to the public by mailli ul pit is hard to appreciate what a sea change this is in terms of attitude a year ago when we tried to roll out rapid tests that had already been purchased and were sitting in their millions in warehouses in canada to canadian workplaces we were told that those tests had to be administered by health care professionals in ppe in secure and sanitised environments with all manner of precautions taken that really took the rapid out of rapid testing let alone exploding the costs to businesses who wanted to keep their workers safe this was because they required those longswabs etc eventually short swabs were permitted then selfswabbing supervised in the workplace then swabbing at home while on a virtual call with a professional for that supervision with the swabs being picked up and then taken for safe disposal finally we got to selfadministered athome screening without supervision and you could pop your negative swan in the bin a year after we had been told that you needed a fullcourt medical professional press to do this our kids in ontario were sent home with 5 rapid tests to use over the holidays only a couple of weeks ago the ontario governments advisory board the ontario science table a rel hrefhttpscovid19sciencetablecasciencebriefrapidantigentestsforvoluntaryscreentestingfinally endorseda the use of rapid tests in this waypblockquote pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112theslowrolloutofrapidtestshtmlthe slow rollout of rapid testsa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pspani thought spanspanbidenspanspan administration original pandemic errors making errors slow vaccines slow rapid testing slow new drugs far little investment hrefhttpsmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202007frequentfastandcheapisbetterthansensitivehtmla year half shouting rooftopsa getting rapid tests josh gans ana hrefhttpsjoshuaganssubstackcomptherapidtestepiphanyroc6a interesting remindera focusing canada example expert failure failurespanp blockquoteprapid test advocates suddenly moved fringe crazies told didnt understand science need need nowp pseveral cases pointp ul lithea rel hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211217uspoliticsunvaccinatedchildrencovidtestingcdchtmlcdc saysathat unvaccinated students exposed covid test stay sending students class school home tests positive covid test students instead long negative stayli lithe governmenta rel hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211221uspoliticsomicroncovidbidenhtmlis going order 500 million rapid testsaand distribute free public mailli ul pit hard appreciate sea change terms attitude year ago tried roll rapid tests purchased sitting millions warehouses canada canadian workplaces told tests administered health care professionals ppe secure sanitised environments manner precautions taken took rapid rapid testing let exploding costs businesses wanted workers safe required longswabs etc eventually short swabs permitted selfswabbing supervised workplace swabbing home virtual professional supervision swabs picked taken safe disposal finally got selfadministered athome screening supervision pop negative swan bin year told needed fullcourt medical professional press kids ontario sent home 5 rapid tests use holidays couple weeks ago ontario governments advisory board ontario science tablea rel hrefhttpscovid19sciencetablecasciencebriefrapidantigentestsforvoluntaryscreentestingfinally endorsedathe use rapid tests waypblockquote pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112theslowrolloutofrapidtestshtmlthe slow rollout rapid testsa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

61c60d1ef56dfc546157dfdc

How many lives has bioethics cost?

pspanin april the us centres for disease control paused the use of the johnson amp johnson vaccine they had noticed that among the 68 million people who had been given the jampj jab six people had suffered a rare blood clot known as a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis cvst they spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwcdcgovmediareleases2021s0413jjvaccinehtml target_blankspansaid in a statementspanaspan that they were recommending that healthcare providers stop using it until the fda had reviewed the evidence and that they were doing so out of an abundance of cautionspanp pispancautionspanispan is a strange word to use on the day they released the statement about 70000 new cases of covid were confirmed in the united states and about 1000 people died of it is it cautious to stop using a vaccine which would almost certainly reduce those numbers because of an uncertain chance that it might have negative effects in a tiny cohortspanp pspanbut spanispancautionspanispan in this sense has been rife during the pandemic the governments of various european countries stopped the use of the astrazeneca vaccine over similar concerns germany spana relnoopener hrefhttpsdocsgooglecomdocumentd1azfvjcq9ey9tvhikmfdf3chsmqejcj145fsubhraohmedit target_blankspanthe spanispanguardianspanispan reported in marchspanaspan was the first country to refuse to allow people over the age of 65 to have the astrazeneca vaccine because of the absence of evidence of how well it worked in older people indicating a more cautious approach than most spanp pspanover the last two years again and again the fears of some possible risk caused by something we might do have outweighed the fears of a thoroughly real utterly obvious risk which was killing people at the time and it has i think been a failure of the field or at least the practice of bioethicsspanp divdiv pspanbioethics is the study and application of ethical philosophy as it applies to medical and biological research and practice as a former philosophy student i have always found the idea very strange after years spent arguing over the wildly different implications of minorseeming differences in ethical frameworks it was amazing to me that you could corral ethicists into things called ethical review boards or independent ethics committees which would then spanispangive you an answerspanispan to the question so is this ethical or notspanp pspanwe are pleased to inform you herr doktor kant that the board rules that you spanispanmayspanispan lie to the murderer for the purpose of concealing your friends whereaboutsspanp pspandrugs continue to be licenced and trials continue to be carried out so i suppose not every ethics committee gets bogged down for three thousand years in discussions of what we mean by the good and perhaps in normal times the system works reasonably well although spana relnoopener hrefhttpsslatestarcodexcom20170829myirbnightmare target_blankspanyou do hear some horror storiesspanaspanspanp pspanbut during the pandemic something has gone terribly wrong and i think that the system of ethical approval in medicine has probably cost tens of thousands of lives at a conservative estimatespanp pspantheres a tweet from 2018 by a california software engineer about the ethics of selfdriving cars it goesspanp blockquote datawidth550 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrphilosophy so sometimes it goes haywire amp ends upp pme do the thing that kills fewer peoplep pphilosophy but its very salient thp pme do the thing that kills fewer peoplep pphilosophy but the human element of control isp pme do the thingp pme that killsp pme fewer peoplep p mason img alt srchttpssworgimagescoreemoji131072x721f3c3200d2642fe0fpng classwpsmileyimg alt srchttpssworgimagescoreemoji131072x722702png classwpsmiley webdevmason a hrefhttpstwittercomwebdevmasonstatus980861298387836928ref_srctwsrc5etfwapril 2 2018apblockquote pp p p pspani think about it quite a lot there are interesting questions sure if a selfdriving car kills someone who is responsible the driver or the manufacturer if youre designing a safety system for the selfdriving car should it value the life of the occupants more highly than those of people outsidespanp pspanbut theyre quite niche questions if in the future it turns out that a selfdriving car will on average kill fewer people than a humandriven car then it would be the ethical thing to do to get a selfdriving car even if every so often the selfdriving car does something really weird like mistake a cyclist for a road marking or a lorry for the sky fewer people will be killed in a world where humans dont drive and robots do and that is good so all else being equal we should say that selfdriving cars are the ethical choicespanp pspanyou can construct clever scenarios in which that is not true but they have to be clever as a starting point as a reasonable first draft do the thing that kills fewer people is hard to beatspanp pspanin bioethics though weve overcomplicated things for instance early in the pandemic spana relnoopener hrefhttpswww1daysoonerorg target_blankspanpeople were campaigningspanaspan for human challenge trials into covid vaccines in normal vaccine trials people are given the vaccine or a placebo or other control and then the researchers observe how many people get the disease naturally if its significantly fewer in the vaccine group then we say that the vaccine worksspanp pspanbut it can take months for enough people to catch the disease naturally when i was on the astrazeneca trial in summer 2020 prevalence was low there was real concern that it would take many months to get enough dataspanp pspanwith human challenge trials participants agree not only to be given the vaccine but also the disease it lets you use far fewer participants and get your results far quicker than a traditional vaccine trialspanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112britainsboosterplanwontworkrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202112britainsboosterplanwontworkrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202112gettyimages1237098680scalede16394225844081300x180jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112britainsboosterplanwontworkrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112britainsboosterplanwontworkrefinnarh5britains booster plan wont workh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112britainsboosterplanwontworkrefinnarspanbyspan tom chiversapdivadiv pspana promising vaccine candidate the moderna mrna vaccine was ready in a lab in january 2020 the hundred or so doses that would have been required to get very solid evidence of effectiveness could have been made at lab scale in a few days we could have known by february or march at the latest whether the vaccines worked yes wed still have had to scale up production and that would have taken months but the whole process would have started earlier instead modernas vaccine was not given emergency use approval in the us until decemberspanp pspanas the philosopher richard yetter chappell spana relnoopener hrefhttpsphilpapersorgarchivechapea10pdf target_blankspanpoints outspanaspan there are obviousseeming objections to human challenge trials you have to give people a potentially dangerous disease what if it kills one of themspanp pspanbut one plausible estimate is that spana relnoopener hrefhttpsourworldindataorgexcessmortalitycovidestimatedexcessmortalityfromtheeconomist target_blankspanroughly 18 million peoplespana spanhave died of covid during the pandemic thats an average of about 28000 a day bringing the end of the pandemic forward by spana relnoopener hrefhttpsmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202012howmanyliveswillbesavedifthefdahadmovedfasterhtml target_blankspaneven a single dayspana spancould easily save thousands of lives a small risk to a small number of young healthy volunteers was hugely outweighed by a very likely spanispanlarge spanispanreduction in risk to many thousands of old vulnerable peoplespanp pspanphilosophy fans might think that this is a classic utilitarianism problem is it ok to sacrifice one to save many can i torture the terrorist in order to find the bomb but as chappell notes in fact it is not there are willing volunteers offering a small but real sacrifice for the greater good it is an act of altruism or even heroism not coercion in what other context would the default assumption be to spanispanban spanispanheroic acts of immense social value asks chappellspanp pspanthere have been other failures recently the drug paxlovid was shown to be highly effective against severe disease so effective in fact that the trial was stopped midway because it was deemed unethical to give half of the participants a placebo when it was clear the real drug workedspanp pspanbut the drug is still not approved in the us so spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwlesswrongcomposts2g6dxprgqllxftazmcovid1111winterandeffectivetreatmentsarecoming target_blankspanas zvi mowshowitz points outspanaspan itspanispan is illegal to give this drug to any patients spanispanbecause it hasnt been proven safe and effective but also it spanispanis illegal to continue a trial to study the drug spanispanbecause it spanispanhas spanispanbeen proven so safe and effective that it isnt ethical to spanispannot spanispangive the drug to half the patients spanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thereisnospikingepidemicrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thereisnospikingepidemicrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2021112gettyimages1234289673scalede1636397459472300x178jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thereisnospikingepidemicrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thereisnospikingepidemicrefinnarh5there is no spiking epidemich5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thereisnospikingepidemicrefinnarspanbyspan tom chiversapdivadiv pspanthis is not the only such case a trial of a drug designed to protect against hiv was spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwweuropeanpharmaceuticalreviewcomnews132924trialofnewhivprepmedicationstoppedearlyduetoeffectiveness target_blankspanstopped last yearspanaspan because the drug was so effective that it was unethical to give placebo but the drug was not actually approved by the fda until spana hrefhttpswwwfdagovnewseventspressannouncementsfdaapprovesfirstinjectabletreatmenthivpreexposurepreventionspanmondayspanaspanspanp pspanthere are two important points to make here first while im talking about bioethics its not clear that its actually spanispanbioethicistsspanispan who are the problem for instance peter singer of princeton probably the worlds most famous bioethicist isspan a relnoopener hrefhttpswww1daysoonerorgteam target_blankspanon the board of 1daysoonerspanaspan the human challenge advocacy group as is his fellow bioethicist nir eyal of harvard spana relnoopener hrefhttpstwittercomleah_pierson target_blankspanleah piersonspanaspan a harvard bioethicist who is writing a book about the failings of bioethics during the pandemic stresses that when the cdc paused the use of the jampj vaccine lots of the bioethicists she knows were appalled at the decision but the practice of bioethics spanispanas actually carried out in major institutions spanispansuch as the fda and cdc often leads to these bad decisions matt yglesias makes a good case spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwslowboringcompourpublichealthagenciesshould target_blankspanherespana spanthat public health agencies tend to follow somewhat rigid rules rather than the best available science leading to bad outcomes like spana relnoopener hrefhttpsastralcodextensubstackcompthefdahaspunteddecisionsabout target_blankspana delay in approving fluvoxaminespanaspan perhaps i should complain about institutionalised public health rather than bioethics per sespanp pspansecond as pierson points out when these systems work well you probably dont hear about it no doubt there are lots of drugs that get approved relatively smoothly and trials which go ahead without much fuss i dont know how representative these problems arespanp pspanbut the problems do exist and they seem to be exacerbated by the pandemic chappell thinks that the main problem is one of status quo bias that is that changing things feels like the risky option and keeping things the same feels safer and he admits that may or may not be true in nonpandemic times but in the pandemic the status quo is visibly very dangerous throwing some lowbutnotzerorisk options into the mix like early approval of vaccines or human challenge trials are almost certainly lowerrisk in terms of the likeliest expected outcomes than sticking with the status quo spanp pspanthere is also an issue that humans instinctively think theres a difference between bad outcomes caused by our actions and bad outcomes caused by inaction its hard to make a good philosophical case for this and what the distinction between an act and an omission is spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwjstororgstable23012300 target_blankspanjonathan bennett had a gospanaspan but its how we feel killing one person by giving them a faulty vaccine feels worse somehow than letting a thousand die because we let the vaccines sit in a warehouse for another 24 hoursspanp pspanand its easy to come up with reasons why we need to put more hoops in place for researchers and clinicians to jump through because the one guy who dies in a botched human challenge trial is very obvious whereas the thousands of people who spanispanwouldspanispan have died if the trial never took place are completely invisiblespanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thegreatclimatechangefallacyrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thegreatclimatechangefallacyrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202111gettyimages1350600662300x183jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thegreatclimatechangefallacyrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thegreatclimatechangefallacyrefinnarh5the great climate change fallacyh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thegreatclimatechangefallacyrefinnarspanbyspan tom chiversapdivadiv pspanbut whatever the reason is that the hoops are in place they are in place and people have to jump through them to get things done it took until december for spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwthetimescoukarticlenhsstaffreadytogivecovidvaccinestochildrenasyoungasfivec3n8sj5vh target_blankspanthe uk to decide to vaccinate the under12sspanaspan despite it being well established that schoolchildren were driving the pandemic because bioethicists could only take into account direct risk to the patient at the time not the likelihood that prevalence would go up or whether the children would rather not put their own relatives at risk and its amazing with hindsight to read spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtechnologyreviewcom202010191010646campaignstopcovid19vaccinetrumpelectionday target_blankspanthis approving piecespanaspan from october last year about how a doctor prevented donald trump from forcing through early approval of a covid vaccinespanp pspanits rare that academic philosophy can have such a direct impact on peoples lives but how we apply bioethics really can save or kill thousands just by changing the speed with which we approve drugs in peacetime perhaps its ok to argue the toss and act with caution but in a pandemic perhaps we really ought to apply the standard of do the thing that kills fewer peoplespanp a hrefhttpsunherdcom202112howmanyliveshasbioethicscostappcommentsview 28 commentsa

pspanin april centres disease control paused use johnson amp johnson vaccine noticed 68 million people given jampj jab people suffered rare blood clot known cerebral venous sinus thrombosis cvst spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwcdcgovmediareleases2021s0413jjvaccinehtml target_blankspansaid statementspanaspan recommending healthcare providers stop fda reviewed evidence abundance cautionspanp pispancautionspanispan strange word use day released statement 70000 new cases covid confirmed united states 1000 people died cautious stop vaccine certainly reduce numbers uncertain chance negative effects tiny cohortspanp pspanbut spanispancautionspanispan sense rife pandemic governments european countries stopped use astrazeneca vaccine similar concerns germany spana relnoopener hrefhttpsdocsgooglecomdocumentd1azfvjcq9ey9tvhikmfdf3chsmqejcj145fsubhraohmedit target_blankspanthe spanispanguardianspanispan reported marchspanaspan country refuse allow people age 65 astrazeneca vaccine absence evidence worked older people indicating cautious approach mostspanp pspanover years fears possible risk caused outweighed fears thoroughly real utterly obvious risk killing people time think failure field practice bioethicsspanp divdiv pspanbioethics study application ethical philosophy applies medical biological research practice philosophy student found idea strange years spent arguing wildly different implications minorseeming differences ethical frameworks amazing corral ethicists things called ethical review boards independent ethics committees spanispangive answerspanispan question ethical notspanp pspanwe pleased inform herr doktor kant board rules spanispanmayspanispan lie murderer purpose concealing friends whereaboutsspanp pspandrugs continue licenced trials continue carried suppose ethics committee gets bogged thousand years discussions mean good normal times system works reasonably spana relnoopener hrefhttpsslatestarcodexcom20170829myirbnightmare target_blankspanyou hear horror storiesspanaspanspanp pspanbut pandemic gone terribly wrong think system ethical approval medicine probably cost tens thousands lives conservative estimatespanp pspantheres tweet 2018 california software engineer ethics selfdriving cars goesspanp blockquote datawidth550 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrphilosophy goes haywire amp ends upp pme thing kills fewer peoplep pphilosophy salient thp pme thing kills fewer peoplep pphilosophy human element control isp pme thingp pme killsp pme fewer peoplep p mason img alt srchttpssworgimagescoreemoji131072x721f3c3200d2642fe0fpng classwpsmileyimg alt srchttpssworgimagescoreemoji131072x722702png classwpsmiley webdevmason hrefhttpstwittercomwebdevmasonstatus980861298387836928ref_srctwsrc5etfwapril 2 2018apblockquote pp pp pspani think lot interesting questions sure selfdriving car kills responsible driver manufacturer youre designing safety system selfdriving car value life occupants highly people outsidespanp pspanbut theyre niche questions future turns selfdriving car average kill fewer people humandriven car ethical thing selfdriving car selfdriving car weird like mistake cyclist road marking lorry sky fewer people killed world humans dont drive robots good equal selfdriving cars ethical choicespanp pspanyou construct clever scenarios true clever starting point reasonable draft thing kills fewer people hard beatspanp pspanin bioethics weve overcomplicated things instance early pandemic spana relnoopener hrefhttpswww1daysoonerorg target_blankspanpeople campaigningspanaspan human challenge trials covid vaccines normal vaccine trials people given vaccine placebo control researchers observe people disease naturally significantly fewer vaccine group vaccine worksspanp pspanbut months people catch disease naturally astrazeneca trial summer 2020 prevalence low real concern months dataspanp pspanwith human challenge trials participants agree given vaccine disease lets use far fewer participants results far quicker traditional vaccine trialspanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112britainsboosterplanwontworkrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202112britainsboosterplanwontworkrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202112gettyimages1237098680scalede16394225844081300x180jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112britainsboosterplanwontworkrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112britainsboosterplanwontworkrefinnarh5britains booster plan wont workh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112britainsboosterplanwontworkrefinnarspanbyspan tom chiversapdivadiv pspana promising vaccine candidate moderna mrna vaccine ready lab january 2020 doses required solid evidence effectiveness lab scale days known february march latest vaccines worked yes wed scale production taken months process started earlier instead modernas vaccine given emergency use approval decemberspanp pspanas philosopher richard yetter chappell spana relnoopener hrefhttpsphilpapersorgarchivechapea10pdf target_blankspanpoints outspanaspan obviousseeming objections human challenge trials people potentially dangerous disease kills themspanp pspanbut plausible estimate spana relnoopener hrefhttpsourworldindataorgexcessmortalitycovidestimatedexcessmortalityfromtheeconomist target_blankspanroughly 18 million peoplespana spanhave died covid pandemic thats average 28000 day bringing end pandemic forward spana relnoopener hrefhttpsmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202012howmanyliveswillbesavedifthefdahadmovedfasterhtml target_blankspaneven single dayspana spancould easily save thousands lives small risk small number young healthy volunteers hugely outweighed likely spanispanlarge spanispanreduction risk thousands old vulnerable peoplespanp pspanphilosophy fans think classic utilitarianism problem ok sacrifice save torture terrorist order find bomb chappell notes fact willing volunteers offering small real sacrifice greater good act altruism heroism coercion context default assumption spanispanban spanispanheroic acts immense social value asks chappellspanp pspanthere failures recently drug paxlovid shown highly effective severe disease effective fact trial stopped midway deemed unethical half participants placebo clear real drug workedspanp pspanbut drug approved spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwlesswrongcomposts2g6dxprgqllxftazmcovid1111winterandeffectivetreatmentsarecoming target_blankspanas zvi mowshowitz points outspanaspan itspanispan illegal drug patients spanispanbecause hasnt proven safe effective spanispanis illegal continue trial study drug spanispanbecause spanispanhas spanispanbeen proven safe effective isnt ethical spanispannot spanispangive drug half patientsspanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thereisnospikingepidemicrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thereisnospikingepidemicrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2021112gettyimages1234289673scalede1636397459472300x178jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thereisnospikingepidemicrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thereisnospikingepidemicrefinnarh5there spiking epidemich5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thereisnospikingepidemicrefinnarspanbyspan tom chiversapdivadiv pspanthis case trial drug designed protect hiv spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwweuropeanpharmaceuticalreviewcomnews132924trialofnewhivprepmedicationstoppedearlyduetoeffectiveness target_blankspanstopped yearspanaspan drug effective unethical placebo drug actually approved fda spana hrefhttpswwwfdagovnewseventspressannouncementsfdaapprovesfirstinjectabletreatmenthivpreexposurepreventionspanmondayspanaspanspanp pspanthere important points im talking bioethics clear actually spanispanbioethicistsspanispan problem instance peter singer princeton probably worlds famous bioethicist isspan relnoopener hrefhttpswww1daysoonerorgteam target_blankspanon board 1daysoonerspanaspan human challenge advocacy group fellow bioethicist nir eyal harvard spana relnoopener hrefhttpstwittercomleah_pierson target_blankspanleah piersonspanaspan harvard bioethicist writing book failings bioethics pandemic stresses cdc paused use jampj vaccine lots bioethicists knows appalled decision practice bioethics spanispanas actually carried major institutions spanispansuch fda cdc leads bad decisions matt yglesias makes good case spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwslowboringcompourpublichealthagenciesshould target_blankspanherespana spanthat public health agencies tend follow somewhat rigid rules best available science leading bad outcomes like spana relnoopener hrefhttpsastralcodextensubstackcompthefdahaspunteddecisionsabout target_blankspana delay approving fluvoxaminespanaspan complain institutionalised public health bioethics sespanp pspansecond pierson points systems work probably dont hear doubt lots drugs approved relatively smoothly trials ahead fuss dont know representative problems arespanp pspanbut problems exist exacerbated pandemic chappell thinks main problem status quo bias changing things feels like risky option keeping things feels safer admits true nonpandemic times pandemic status quo visibly dangerous throwing lowbutnotzerorisk options mix like early approval vaccines human challenge trials certainly lowerrisk terms likeliest expected outcomes sticking status quospanp pspanthere issue humans instinctively think theres difference bad outcomes caused actions bad outcomes caused inaction hard good philosophical case distinction act omission spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwjstororgstable23012300 target_blankspanjonathan bennett gospanaspan feel killing person giving faulty vaccine feels worse letting thousand die let vaccines sit warehouse 24 hoursspanp pspanand easy come reasons need hoops place researchers clinicians jump guy dies botched human challenge trial obvious thousands people spanispanwouldspanispan died trial took place completely invisiblespanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thegreatclimatechangefallacyrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thegreatclimatechangefallacyrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202111gettyimages1350600662300x183jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thegreatclimatechangefallacyrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thegreatclimatechangefallacyrefinnarh5the great climate change fallacyh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111thegreatclimatechangefallacyrefinnarspanbyspan tom chiversapdivadiv pspanbut reason hoops place place people jump things took december spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwthetimescoukarticlenhsstaffreadytogivecovidvaccinestochildrenasyoungasfivec3n8sj5vh target_blankspanthe uk decide vaccinate under12sspanaspan despite established schoolchildren driving pandemic bioethicists account direct risk patient time likelihood prevalence children relatives risk amazing hindsight read spana relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtechnologyreviewcom202010191010646campaignstopcovid19vaccinetrumpelectionday target_blankspanthis approving piecespanaspan october year doctor prevented donald trump forcing early approval covid vaccinespanp pspanits rare academic philosophy direct impact peoples lives apply bioethics save kill thousands changing speed approve drugs peacetime ok argue toss act caution pandemic ought apply standard thing kills fewer peoplespanp hrefhttpsunherdcom202112howmanyliveshasbioethicscostappcommentsview 28 commentsa

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Why is Biden Pushing Putin on Ukraine? – Larry Wilkerson

a relnofollow hrefhttpstheanalysisnewswhyisbidenpushingputinonukrainelarrywilkerson titlewhy is biden pushing putin on ukraine larry wilkersonimg sizesmaxwidth 1024px 100vw 1024px srchttpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202112wilkersonjpeg1024x577jpg width1024 alt srcsethttpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202112wilkersonjpeg1024x577jpg 1024w httpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202112wilkersonjpeg300x169jpg 300w httpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202112wilkersonjpeg768x433jpg 768w httpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202112wilkersonjpegjpg 1281w classwebfeedsfeaturedvisual wppostimage height577aparve error src mismatch url httpswwwyoutubecomwatchvnfs2yaor2ao src in httpswwwyoutubecomembednfs2yaor2aofeatureoembedampenablejsapi1amporiginhttpstheanalysisnews src gen httpswwwyoutubecomembednfs2yaor2aoactual comparison url httpswwwyoutubecomwatchvnfs2yaor2ao src in httpswwwyoutubecomembednfs2yaor2aoenablejsapi1amporiginhttps3a2f2ftheanalysisp pa relnofollow hrefhttpstheanalysisnewswhyisbidenpushingputinonukrainelarrywilkersonsourceap

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61ca3ee0317bb1d73fd947ee

Investing in science to fuel economic prosperity: My long-read Q&A with Benjamin Jones

pstrongby james pethokoukis and benjamin f jonesstrongp pis federal funding for research and development a critical investment in future economic growth and technological progress or just another example of wasteful government spending and what mix of basic science and applied research produces the greatest returns in this episode benjamin f jones discusses the benefits of science and innovation the policies that can leverage these engines of prosperity and the challenges we facep pben is a professor of entrepreneurship and strategy at northwestern university as well as the faculty director of the kellogg innovation and entrepreneurship initiative this summer he authored a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwkelloggnorthwesternedufacultyjonesbenhtmscience20and20innovation20_20underfueled20engine20of20prosperitypdf target_blankscience and innovation the underfueled engine of prosperityap diviframe srchttpsplayercaptivatefmepisode56893454e0eb4a4db63b825185e967fdiframediv pwhat follows is a lightly edited transcript of our conversation you can a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwaeiorgpodcastbenjaminjonesareweinvestingenoughinscientificresearch target_blankdownloada the episode here and dont forget to subscribe to my podcast on a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpspodcastsapplecomuspodcastpoliticaleconomypodcastid589914386mt2 target_blankitunesa or a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastricochetmoneypoliticswithjimpethokoukis target_blankstitchera tell your friends leave a reviewp pstrongpethokoukis in the paper you say the us invests about 3 percent of gdp in rampd is that a lot in the postwar era a little where does that rankstrongp pjones its really about the same for the most part the us is quite consistent like other countries in how much they invest what share of our total resources we invest in a given year in research and developmentp pthe composition of it has shifted in an important way which is to say that the private sector makes up an increasingly large portion of that 3 percent and public investment which really supports science in particular makes up a declining share and in fact the public support portion is now at its lowest level in about the last 70 yearsp pstrongdoes that composition how its divvied up between public and private matterstrongp pit matters in the sense that what a lot of the public money is doing is science and what a lot of the private money is doing is application and the creation of specific goods and services and those are of course complements you can think of the science as opening up new doorways and then the private sector is walking through those doorways and making applications from the new knowledge thats been generatedp pthe fact that were doing less science as a share of our resources is i think concerning because its something thats opening up many fewer doorways and therefore not creating as many opportunities were not giving as many opportunities to the private sector in a sense for them to make use ofp spanspan pstrongwhy doesnt government invest in rampd the way it used tostrongp pi think the answer is probably salience to the public the public and i think i would include policymakers dont fully understand the value of these investments to our future potential and progress and i think the first thing actually is not so much that the public share has declined its that 3 percent isnt a whole lot to start with the evidence is that whether its from the private sector or science and investments these are extraordinarily highreturn investments to societyp pand of course the stakes are in some sense obvious we know its important it drives what it drives higher standards of living better products and services more productive workers who get paid more and compete better on the worlds stage it improves our health and it makes our lives longer it makes our lives healthier and of course its very important to national security as well its a big puzzle as to why we only do 3 percent in the first place given that the evidence seems to suggest that it is so valuablep pto the more specific question you asked i think that our public interest waxes and wanes i think it probably becomes more salient in moments of fear and with a sense of competition internationally so the sputnik moment was a moment that sparked the apollo program a moment where the us suddenly feels behind and not just behind in general but behind their cold war adversary the soviet union so then theres a huge increase in investment and of course the apollo program particularly in the space racep figure classwpblockimageimg alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202112joneslongreadowsjpgx91208 classwpimage1008617960figcaptionus army gen gustave f perna and us president donald trump speak about an administration effort dubbed operation warp speed to find a vaccine for the coronavirus disease covid19 september 18 2020 reuterskevin lamarquefigcaptionfigure ptake a modern context today where theres covid we have a very clear challenge you get operation warp speed suddenly the government is very invested in trying to solve that challenge i think the sense of china rising today is also something that is pressing on congress effectively in many ways to increase our investments in this space i think a sense of threat can make it more salient to the publicp pbut in some sense the deeper question is why isnt it more salient in general why are we investing so little all the time even in apollo moments were not investing that much given the benefits that it seems to bringp pstrongwalk me through the process of how we figure out how much we should spend i would guess that might begin by just looking at the returns to public spending on rampdstrongp plets just start with a highlevel total number that 3 percent evidence suggests that for every dollar we put into the rampd machine across the waterfront of rampd policies and investments on average thats returning something like 5 or more back in social value in other words put 1 in you get 5 back thats an amazing return its an incredible return if any of us had that machine sitting on our desk you could spend all day put in 10 get back 50 put in 100 get back 500 pretty good machine to have so we seem to be just really underinvesting on the margin compared to what we could be doingp pyou could imagine doubling it 3 percent to 6 percent and that could really elevate the growth rate of the economy it could not just elevate the growth rate it could make us live longer lives we would solve problems like alzheimers faster we might create clean energy technologies faster there are all sorts of things that we would do that would have lots of valuep pin some ways the harder question actually is what exactly would you invest in there its harder in the sense that first of all a lot of these policies interact but also because we have better information about certain kinds of policies than others we just dont know about certain things for example when the national science foundation invests in mathematics whats the benefit its a little harder to trace you can tell lots of very clear stories where there are enormous benefits you dont get cryptocurrency without mathematics you dont get the mobile technology and gps satellites without mathematics all sorts of things but thats a little further away from application that sort of investment in math whereas when you look in the private sector you can often see how an additional dollar of rampd leads to something very concrete right in front of youp pbut what i would tell you and we can go into this in much more detail if youd like is that when you study these individual rampd policies you tend to find over and over again that they have very high returns themselves a simple policy would be to just expand our investment across the range of inputs into the rampd process which are very manyp pstrongrather than focusing on whether we should spend it on this area or that area one of the debates is how much should be very basic research raw science versus more applied does that matter in these calculations of returnstrongp pi think what we know is that the returns look high in both cases we dont know which return is higher nor are they necessarily separable because applied research builds on the basic research but also this actually may be more surprising to people basic research often builds on applied research a lot of the really interesting understandings weve developed of nature actually come from people solving very particular applied workp pso for example louis pasteur in the middle of the 19th century we all know louis pasteur because we get pasteurized milk when we get it from the grocery he was someone whos made a lot of applied work in food spoilage and fermentation but hes also the person who generated the germ theory of disease which is one of the most basic biomedical insights there is and it unleashes much longer lives for all of us through antibiotics vaccines and other things that come later but the idea that these little microbes we couldnt see are causing us to be ill was not appreciated before pasteur hes really connecting it to his applied work in food spoilagep pto try to separate basic research from applied research in some ways its a natural question its a hard question to answer because they interplay so clearly what wed probably do best with is spreading our bets and doing more of bothp pstrongso one criticism of basic research ive heard is that we meaning the united states will do the initial research and then other countries take that new knowledge and create their own industries is that something we should worry about or should we be doing more applied research and helping fund domestic startupsstrongp pthere are somewhat contending imperatives in rampd the question at some level is do we just want to get as good as we can ourselves or is it really about how we rate versus somebody else in a health context if we can live a longer life and we can solve alzheimers were pretty happy and were probably pretty happy if people in switzerland and south africa also live longer lives and solve alzheimers whereas in a national security context it might seem like you need to be ahead i think that in particular is where that concern might raise itself more acutelyp pbut i would say that basic research is done by people and very sophisticated people who are very specialized and have very deep understandings of certain kinds of phenomena from physics and chemistry to medicine to computer science to anything else and when you do the basic research and you invest in the basic research youre not just investing in the creation of ideas youre investing in creating the people in your country who are the best world masters of those ideas and are the ones who are going to be able to fully understand them and also use them and take them to the next level that human capital component the people part is much stickier its in the country you invest in those people arent going to the other countriesp pi think in a sense the way you hold onto the advantage of basic research is largely because youre investing in the people in your country who are in fact doing it and then have this legup advantage one way to see that of course is why do we see clustering of innovative activity on the map why is it in the us so much why is it in silicon valley why do you see a lot of biomedical research in cambridge massachusetts its because thats where the people are and they cluster with all these different specialties that becomes a very sticky and selffulfilling investmentp pi think yes it will be the case that basic research will spill over to some extent to other countries in many ways thats a good thing because other people can benefit but in terms of keeping ahead that human capital piece is a key part of why you do keep ahead through those investmentsp pstrongwell we can create those people in this country or we can bring those people in from other countries how are we doing in both those areasstrongp pits a mixed scorecard the us does obviously very well at higherlevel education in research institutions people from all over the world want to come and study in those institutionsp pif you look at our domestic pipeline in terms of our k12 education we seem to do very poorly compared to many other countries recent evidence suggests that our systems in the united states create what we might call lost einsteins which is to say we see lots of kids who are great at math say in third grade and have the kind of technical capacities that you would think would lead them in very strong inventive and entrepreneurial stem careers but they dont get on that pathway it could be related to their household income or their gender their ethnic group or racial group so we seem to have a lot of talent that doesnt migrate well through the k12 system in the us so were foreclosing the pipeline of talent to some extent i think thats a great place for the us to be trying to do reform and investing to create that its a matter of not just overall success of the nation its all a matter of individual opportunity as well for all these kids i think it very much goes to the american dreamp pthe other side of course is importing talent through immigration policy this is of course an area where the us for a long time gained enormously if you look at who does a lot of the great research in the united states who does a lot of the invention and the patenting who starts a lot of the great companies the answer is surprisingly often people born outside the us who move to the us so immigrants for a long time have played an outsized role in our scientific inventive and entrepreneurial system and helped make the us the most effective innovation system in the world thats been a strengthp figure classwpblockimageimg alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202112joneslongreadimmigrationjpgx91208 classwpimage1008617963figcaptionimmigrants to the united states stand as the colors are presented during a naturalization ceremony on ellis island in new york september 17 2004 via reutersfigcaptionfigure pbut of course for a whole bunch of reasons we have a lot of conflict over immigration policy in the united states and weve been stymied for any kind of major immigration reform for some time i think theres a lot of dimensions to the types of immigration and whats going on there but certainly in terms of foreclosing access to our system and being able to draw in the best and the brightest around the world to participate not just in scientific research but participate in the united states is really damaging our longrun prospects as a nation that will lead in the worldp pstrongweve had a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicswhathappenswhenideasbecomeharderandhardertofind target_blanknick blooma on here talking about his a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnberorgpapersw23782 target_blankworka on how gamechanging ideas are getting harder to find and to find those we need to put resources including more researchers into discovery that seems hard to keep finding more people to push the technological frontier is that a natural limitation on doing science or might ai become a super research assistant to complement those activitiesstrongp pthings like ai will help it really depends on people i dont think we are actually limited in some fundamental sense innovation may be getting harder and theres lots of evidence for that but again the us is putting less and less public dollars into rampdp pits interesting what do we think drives productivity and the longrun growth rate of the united states its learning new and better ways of doing things its making us more productive and that really comes back to rampd if we have a productivity growth slowdown which we seem to have this century and then we look and we say oh the government is not investing as much of the share of gdp as it used to its half of what we did in 1980 well maybe we should do a lot more there its scaling funding into rampdp pbut of course to answer your question as well its not just scaling resources in a financial sense its scaling the people pipeline i think we have lots of talented people who are not going into this space and there are certainly lots of people abroad who traditionally are very eager to come to the united states and participate but cannot do so because of visa category limitationsp pstrongi wish science policy was just about coming up with a number it would be a lot easier to analyze but it seems like it gets very messy trying to figure out if we need to be doing something and making those changes as far as the actual practice of sciencestrongp pyeah the practice is quite complex obviously and there are effectively many government institutions that are involved the biggest we all talk about the nih the national science foundation and the department of energy the department of defense is actually the biggest funder and on from there and they have very different kinds of grant systems ways of reviewing length of grants amounts of grants we have a whole rich array of public policy there are also a lot of philanthropists who are increasingly in the game of funding science in their own rather idiosyncratic waysp pbut if you were to boil it down for me i would say that i think diversity of approaches is really key i think that theres if not systematic evidence but compelling storytelling evidence that suggests that we herd too much into a smaller set of discovery pathways and the reason you want diversity is because first of all nobody has a crystal ball if we knew what was going to happen when you started an rampd project we wouldnt have to do it the whole point is that were going into the unknown were basically stumbling around in the dark looking for a light switch and trying to flip it on and were going to miss were going to fail the best people nobel prize winners all fail a lot then they have a big breakthrough because its fundamentally uncertainp pand partly because of that you should be very skeptical when someone tells you i know that this is the thing we should be doing because nobody knows that thats the thing we should be doing we have better guesses and we have worse guesses but you can never be overconfident and so in that sense spread your bet youd be very surprised where some of the big insights come from and the spillovers that come and just go in unexpected directionsp figure classwpblockimageimg alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202112joneslongreadgeyserjpgx91208 classwpimage1008617962figcaptionvia twenty20figcaptionfigure pa classic example of that would be extremophile bacteria there are two biologists from the university of indiana who go out to yellowstone national park a famous american monument and theyre asking a very basic question about life which is whether life can exist in really extreme environments and so theyre looking at hot springs old faithful etc they find in fact that there are these bacteria that actually live in boiling water amazing who knew life could survive in those conditions okay thats just a really curious interesting discovery about the nature of lifep pbut it turns out that that very bacterium that they discovered has an enzyme in it which later would prove in a completely unexpected way to be absolutely essential to being able to replicate dna at scale in a laboratory basically the entire biotechnology industry in all of its forms coming even out of covid vaccines and covid testing all the pcr tests that process which is the essential tool of replicating genes depends on that very bacterium and one particular enzyme in that bacterium without that we wouldnt be able to do any of these thingsp pscience is going to open up entire new industries in ways that we cannot expect and most of it wont most of it is going to be people stumbling around in those hot springs and they come back up theres nothing here or they find something but its not applied any time soon but you really dont know where these big insights are going to come from so we really need to spread our bets and not pretend that we have a crystal ballp pstrongwhen entrepreneurs try something and fail theyre still celebrated for their risktaking but with government we dont seem to have nearly as much tolerance for failure if we want to expand government research funding will americans have to become more tolerant of the failures that naturally come with bleedingedge researchstrongp pi agree solyndra of course is the common example people like to throw around of a government investment misfire but this is why i go back to salience people often dont see the benefits directlyp pthe story i just told you where biotechnology comes from most people dont know they dont understand that that depended on science they dont understand that uber actually depends directly on albert einstein and that albert einsteins insights depended directly on a 19thcentury map from a person named bernard riemann because its so technical these are very technical things that spillovers happen in unexpected and slow ways so the public does not really appreciate thatp pand then they see failure to your point and theyre like ah we wasted taxpayer dollars so a couple of points first of all venture capitalists waste money all the time because they know they dont have a crystal ball they spread their bets and theyre looking for the big thing and they miss most of the time thats the private sector thats not the public sector for every 10 drugs large pharmaceutical firms try going into a phase one trial only one is going to actually become an approved product they fail all the time and thats a private sector firm theyre making the best bets they can possibly make with their own money and theyre failing all the time and thats okay because that is the nature of rampd we have to get into a mindset where we allow for failure and that we expect failurep figure classwpblockimageimg alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202112joneslongreadsolyndrajpgx91208 classwpimage1008617964figcaptionthe headquarters of bankrupt solyndra llc is shown in fremont california reutersrobert galbraithfigcaptionfigure pand i can tell you one comforting thing if you look to the public they may think oh science is useless most of its totally useless if you take every patent issued in the united states this is a a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwscienceorgdoi101126scienceaam9527 target_blankstudya that i did with a coauthor and you look to see what kind of science they build on do they reference specific science or not you actually find that the vast majority of all scientific articles will flow through eventually into some patent maybe not directly maybe not cited directly by a patent but a science article is built on by another science article and then that one is cited by a patent theres a process where basic flows towards applied and flows into the actual marketplace inventions that become goods and services in front of peoplep pwe see enormous connectivity this kind of idea that theres an ivory tower and science is doing things that are not relevant to the public and its not valuable that is not what we see its not what we see in the macro when we look at the returns to the investment its not what we see in the micro when we look down to every particular scientific article and we look at what use it actually has we find an enormous range and a rich range of use often its hard to trace you have to actually go and trace it but its there we need the public to come to an orientation where they dont expect to understand every detail this is science and dont demand that youre going to succeed when its impossible because theres going to be failure and you need to fail and the public needs to recognize that the stakes here are so high for our standard of living our workforce our health our national security that we can just go and make these investments that drive those thingsp pstrongwhen people hear about whats happening in science many of them worry about ai and robots and biotechnologies some people think were progressing too quickly and we cant control these technologies that were creating how do you respond to those fearsstrongp pwell theyre very interesting questions if you go back to life before the industrial revolution and before the enlightenment say humans made very very little progress for almost all of human history on net averaging across all the things weve figured out in science and technology do we live a better life today than we did when we only lived to age 35 your children were likely to die by age five most of the time and you were a farmer with very few tools working very long hours all the time and struggling with nutrition and starvation much of the time thats one worldp pnow thats not to say that certain technologies might not be problematic and i think we do produce problematic technologies you can debate which ones are and which ones arent theres a doubleedged sword to a lot of these things but i think when you look and you step back and you say well lets look at human history and the human experience you realize just that on net the positives that have come from this historically at least over a long history now have really been enormously positivep pwhen i look at a technology that comes and that looks potentially problematic which i might do with things like echo chambers in social media it seems like a problematic aspect of the internet and there are problematic applications of certain things in the context of weapons of mass destruction theres ai and they have complex and problematic properties in some forms if not in others i think the answer to these things if technology creates a new problem the answer to that is going to be actually a new technology a new insight thats going to solve that problemp pso a different way to think about what science and technology do in strictly applied applications were trying to solve problems we have a problem we dont know how to solve it people die of cancer people get alzheimers disease everyone is not very productive on a farm youre identifying a problem and youre trying to come up with a better solution to that problem science and technology can sound esoteric but thats what were doing all the time and thats this inventive people creative aspectp pif technology does good things like the internet does a lot of great things maybe it does some problematic things okay so what are those problems figure out what those problems are and lets try to solve them that might call in some regulation and that could be very useful some government institutional ideas as innovations but it also can call in new technologies that can try to solve those problems new companies that dont have some of these flaws these kinds of things i think if you looked at the scope of human history id want to bet on more technology not on less technologyp pstrongover at my a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicsalongbetonfasterproductivitygrowthandanewroaringtwenties target_blankbloga and a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsfasterpleasesubstackcompamericanpopulationstagnationbuilding target_blanknewslettera ive written about the a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpslongbetsorg868 target_blanklong beta between robert gordon and erik brynjolfsson about whether well see faster productivity growth over the rest of this decade where do you come down on thatstrongp pim a tech optimist in the sense that i think there are all sorts of problems we know now that we dont know how to solve you hear this generationally they say oh weve figured everything already out you heard this back in the industrial revolution at one point you heard it about the early computers oh weve done everything we could ever do with computers theres no more application that was before the internet you hear this kind of thing all the timep pi think i look at the world and i see all sorts of problems that wed like to solve i think just in health alone there are so many problems we havent solved and we have many many uncertainties and doors to go through and biology is producing radically surprising insights into new tools all the time that are incredible space travel artificial intelligence any number of deep understandings of nature and reality that we still havent figured out physics is puzzling through very deep questions i see enormous opportunities for progress so in that sense im an optimistp pnow i also think it is getting harder i think that weve plucked the lowhanging fruit first one thing i emphasize in my work is that theres just so much weve already figured out that to be an expert now you have to be very narrow at the frontier so your chance for having wide insights as individuals is very low you take the first airplane from the wright brothers two people that are leading aeronauts of their time and then you go to a modern airframe from boeing or airbus and were talking 30 different deep engineering disciplines just to design and produce the engines theres an enormous amount of knowledge that goes into say a modern technological version of something so for one person to push that frontier is increasingly challengingp figure classwpblockimageimg alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202112joneslongreadwrightjpgx91208 classwpimage1008617961figcaptioncrowds at the 100th anniversary of flight celebrations watch a plane flying over the wright brothers national memorial monday december 15 2003 reutershart matthewsfigcaptionfigure pthat may be why we have a productivity growth slow down it is getting harder but im an optimist because i think theres so much more we can do and i think we will solve it this is where i come back to effort we just have to try we arent trying very hard thats the reality were not trying anywhere near as hard as we could were leaving a lot of talent out of the game were not investing anywhere near what we could so most of the returns to that looked very very high so to me the path is fairly clearp pstrongto finish up theres a lot of interest in washington about doing more on rampd and theres an everinvolving rampd plan moving its way through congress what would be your policy advice on science and innovation investment in rampdstrongp pwell the endless frontiers act and its evolution i think is going in the right direction so im very positive about it i think that the more we can do through the nsf the department of energy or other ways it will be to our collective benefit so i think its a great investment when i look at the numbers theyre talking about i think its still very small compared to what could be done and so i think theres always more to do but nonetheless i dont want to let the perfect be the enemy of the good and im encouraged that congress is thinking in these waysp pwhether you get there from competition with china or some other motivation it will be hugely beneficial so i am very glad to see itp pstrongmy guest today has been benjamin jones ben thanks for coming on the podcaststrongp pmy pleasure thanks for having mep pemjames pethokoukis is the dewitt wallace fellow at the american enterprise institute where he writes and edits the aeideas blog and hosts a weekly podcast a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwaeiorgtagpoliticaleconomypodcast target_blankpolitical economy with james pethokoukisa benjamin f jones is a professor of entrepreneurship and strategy at northwestern universityemp divpstronglearn more stronga hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicshowdidspacexrevolutionizeprivatespaceflightmylongreadqawithericbergerhow did spacex revolutionize private spaceflight my longread qampa with eric bergera a hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicswillcloudcomputingcreateanewroaring20smylongreadqawithmarkmillswill cloud computing create a new roaring 20s my longread qampa with mark millsa a hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicsshouldwebringbackwoollymammothsmylongreadqawithbethshapiroshould we bring back woolly mammoths my longread qampa with beth shapiroapdiv pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicsinvestinginsciencetofueleconomicprosperitymylongreadqawithbenjaminjonesinvesting in science to fuel economic prosperity my longread qampa with benjamin jonesa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpswwwaeiorgamerican enterprise institute aeiap

pstrongby james pethokoukis benjamin f jonesstrongp pis federal funding research development critical investment future economic growth technological progress example wasteful government spending mix basic science applied research produces greatest returns episode benjamin f jones discusses benefits science innovation policies leverage engines prosperity challenges facep pbenis professor entrepreneurship strategy northwestern universityas asthe faculty director kellogg innovation entrepreneurship initiative summer authored relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwkelloggnorthwesternedufacultyjonesbenhtmscience20and20innovation20_20underfueled20engine20of20prosperitypdf target_blankscience innovation underfueled engine prosperityap diviframe srchttpsplayercaptivatefmepisode56893454e0eb4a4db63b825185e967fdiframediv pwhat follows lightly edited transcript conversation cana relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwaeiorgpodcastbenjaminjonesareweinvestingenoughinscientificresearch target_blankdownloadathe episode dont forget subscribe podcast ona relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpspodcastsapplecomuspodcastpoliticaleconomypodcastid589914386mt2 target_blankitunesaora relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastricochetmoneypoliticswithjimpethokoukis target_blankstitchera tell friends leave reviewp pstrongpethokoukis paper invests 3 percent gdp rampd lot postwar era little rankstrongp pjones consistent like countries invest share total resources invest given year research developmentp pthe composition shifted important way private sector makes increasingly large portion 3 percent public investment supports science particular makes declining share fact public support portion lowest level 70 yearsp pstrongdoes composition divvied public private matterstrongp pit matters sense lot public money science lot private money application creation specific goods services course complements think science opening new doorways private sector walking doorways making applications new knowledge thats generatedp pthe fact science share resources think concerning thats opening fewer doorways creating opportunities giving opportunities private sector sense use ofp spanspan pstrongwhy doesnt government invest rampd way tostrongp pi think answer probably salience public public think include policymakers dont fully understand value investments future potential progress think thing actually public share declined 3 percent isnt lot start evidence private sector science investments extraordinarily highreturn investments societyp pand course stakes sense obvious know important drives drives higher standards living better products services productive workers paid compete better worlds stage improves health makes lives longer makes lives healthier course important national security big puzzle 3 percent place given evidence suggest valuablep pto specific question asked think public interest waxes wanes think probably salient moments fear sense competition internationally sputnik moment moment sparked apollo program moment suddenly feels general cold war adversary soviet union theres huge increase investment course apollo program particularly space racep figure classwpblockimageimg alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202112joneslongreadowsjpgx91208 classwpimage1008617960figcaptionus army gen gustave f perna president donald trump speak administration effort dubbed operation warp speed find vaccine coronavirus disease covid19 september 18 2020 reuterskevin lamarquefigcaptionfigure ptake modern context today theres covid clear challenge operation warp speed suddenly government invested trying solve challenge think sense china rising today pressing congress effectively ways increase investments space think sense threat salient publicp pbut sense deeper question isnt salient general investing little time apollo moments investing given benefits bringp pstrongwalk process figure spend guess begin looking returns public spending rampdstrongp plets start highlevel total number 3 percent evidence suggests dollar rampd machine waterfront rampd policies investments average thats returning like 5 social value words 1 5 thats amazing return incredible return machine sitting desk spend day 10 50 100 500 pretty good machine underinvesting margin compared doingp pyou imagine doubling 3 percent 6 percent elevate growth rate economy elevate growth rate live longer lives solve problems like alzheimers faster create clean energy technologies faster sorts things lots valuep pin ways harder question actually exactly invest harder sense lot policies interact better information certain kinds policies dont know certain things example national science foundation invests mathematics whats benefit little harder trace tell lots clear stories enormous benefits dont cryptocurrency mathematics dont mobile technology gps satellites mathematics sorts things thats little away application sort investment math look private sector additional dollar rampd leads concrete right youp pbut tell detail youd like study individual rampd policies tend find high returns simple policy expand investment range inputs rampd process manyp pstrongrather focusing spend area area debates basic research raw science versus applied matter calculations returnstrongp pi think know returns look high cases dont know return higher necessarily separable applied research builds basic research actually surprising people basic research builds applied research lot interesting understandings weve developed nature actually come people solving particular applied workp pso example louis pasteur middle 19th century know louis pasteur pasteurized milk grocery whos lot applied work food spoilage fermentation hes person generated germ theory disease basic biomedical insights unleashes longer lives antibiotics vaccines things come later idea little microbes couldnt causing ill appreciated pasteur hes connecting applied work food spoilagep pto try separate basic research applied research ways natural question hard question answer interplay clearly wed probably best spreading bets bothp pstrongso criticism basic research ive heard meaning united states initial research countries new knowledge create industries worry applied research helping fund domestic startupsstrongp pthere somewhat contending imperatives rampd question level want good rate versus somebody health context live longer life solve alzheimers pretty happy probably pretty happy people switzerland south africa live longer lives solve alzheimers national security context like need ahead think particular concern raise acutelyp pbut basic research people sophisticated people specialized deep understandings certain kinds phenomena physics chemistry medicine computer science basic research invest basic research youre investing creation ideas youre investing creating people country best world masters ideas ones going able fully understand use level human capital component people stickier country invest people arent going countriesp pi think sense way hold advantage basic research largely youre investing people country fact legup advantage way course clustering innovative activity map silicon valley lot biomedical research cambridge massachusetts thats people cluster different specialties sticky selffulfilling investmentp pi think yes case basic research spill extent countries ways thats good thing people benefit terms keeping ahead human capital piece key ahead investmentsp pstrongwell create people country bring people countries areasstrongp pits mixed scorecard obviously higherlevel education research institutions people world want come study institutionsp pif look domestic pipeline terms k12 education poorly compared countries recent evidence suggests systems united states create lost einsteins lots kids great math grade kind technical capacities think lead strong inventive entrepreneurial stem careers dont pathway related household income gender ethnic group racial group lot talent doesnt migrate k12 system foreclosing pipeline talent extent think thats great place trying reform investing create matter overall success nation matter individual opportunity kids think goes american dreamp pthe course importing talent immigration policy course area long time gained enormously look lot great research united states lot invention patenting starts lot great companies answer surprisingly people born outside immigrants long time played outsized role scientific inventive entrepreneurial system helped effective innovation system world thats strengthp figure classwpblockimageimg alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202112joneslongreadimmigrationjpgx91208 classwpimage1008617963figcaptionimmigrants united states stand colors presented naturalization ceremony ellis island new york september 17 2004 reutersfigcaptionfigure pbut course bunch reasons lot conflict immigration policy united states weve stymied kind major immigration reform time think theres lot dimensions types immigration whats going certainly terms foreclosing access system able draw best brightest world participate scientific research participate united states damaging longrun prospects nation lead worldp pstrongweve relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicswhathappenswhenideasbecomeharderandhardertofind target_blanknick blooma talking relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnberorgpapersw23782 target_blankworka gamechanging ideas getting harder find find need resources including researchers discovery hard finding people push technological frontier natural limitation science ai super research assistant complement activitiesstrongp pthings like ai help depends people dont think actually limited fundamental sense innovation getting harder theres lots evidence putting public dollars rampdp pits interesting think drives productivity longrun growth rate united states learning new better ways things making productive comes rampd productivity growth slowdown century look oh government investing share gdp half 1980 maybe lot scaling funding rampdp pbut course answer question scaling resources financial sense scaling people pipeline think lots talented people going space certainly lots people abroad traditionally eager come united states participate visa category limitationsp pstrongi wish science policy coming number lot easier analyze like gets messy trying figure need making changes far actual practice sciencestrongp pyeah practice complex obviously effectively government institutions involved biggest talk nih national science foundation department energy department defense actually biggest funder different kinds grant systems ways reviewing length grants amounts grants rich array public policy lot philanthropists increasingly game funding science idiosyncratic waysp pbut boil think diversity approaches key think theres systematic evidence compelling storytelling evidence suggests herd smaller set discovery pathways reason want diversity crystal ball knew going happen started rampd project wouldnt point going unknown basically stumbling dark looking light switch trying flip going miss going fail best people nobel prize winners fail lot big breakthrough fundamentally uncertainp pand partly skeptical tells know thing knows thats thing better guesses worse guesses overconfident sense spread bet youd surprised big insights come spillovers come unexpected directionsp figure classwpblockimageimg alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202112joneslongreadgeyserjpgx91208 classwpimage1008617962figcaptionvia twenty20figcaptionfigure pa classic example extremophile bacteria biologists university indiana yellowstone national park famous american monument theyre asking basic question life life exist extreme environments theyre looking hot springs old faithful etc find fact bacteria actually live boiling water amazing knew life survive conditions okay thats curious interesting discovery nature lifep pbut turns bacterium discovered enzyme later prove completely unexpected way absolutely essential able replicate dna scale laboratory basically entire biotechnology industry forms coming covid vaccines covid testing pcr tests process essential tool replicating genes depends bacterium particular enzyme bacterium wouldnt able thingsp pscience going open entire new industries ways expect wont going people stumbling hot springs come theres find applied time soon dont know big insights going come need spread bets pretend crystal ballp pstrongwhen entrepreneurs try fail theyre celebrated risktaking government dont nearly tolerance failure want expand government research funding americans tolerant failures naturally come bleedingedge researchstrongp pi agree solyndra course common example people like throw government investment misfire salience people dont benefits directlyp pthe story told biotechnology comes people dont know dont understand depended science dont understand uber actually depends directly albert einstein albert einsteins insights depended directly 19thcentury map person named bernard riemann technical technical things spillovers happen unexpected slow ways public appreciate thatp pand failure point theyre like ah wasted taxpayer dollars couple points venture capitalists waste money time know dont crystal ball spread bets theyre looking big thing miss time thats private sector thats public sector 10 drugs large pharmaceutical firms try going phase trial going actually approved product fail time thats private sector firm theyre making best bets possibly money theyre failing time thats okay nature rampd mindset allow failure expect failurep figure classwpblockimageimg alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202112joneslongreadsolyndrajpgx91208 classwpimage1008617964figcaptionthe headquarters bankrupt solyndra llc shown fremont california reutersrobert galbraithfigcaptionfigure pand tell comforting thing look public think oh science useless totally useless patent issued united states relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwscienceorgdoi101126scienceaam9527 target_blankstudya coauthor look kind science build reference specific science actually find vast majority scientific articles flow eventually patent maybe directly maybe cited directly patent science article built science article cited patent theres process basic flows applied flows actual marketplace inventions goods services peoplep pwe enormous connectivity kind idea theres ivory tower science things relevant public valuable macro look returns investment micro look particular scientific article look use actually find enormous range rich range use hard trace actually trace need public come orientation dont expect understand detail science dont demand youre going succeed impossible theres going failure need fail public needs recognize stakes high standard living workforce health national security investments drive thingsp pstrongwhen people hear whats happening science worry ai robots biotechnologies people think progressing quickly cant control technologies creating respond fearsstrongp pwell theyre interesting questions life industrial revolution enlightenment humans little progress human history net averaging things weve figured science technology live better life today lived age 35 children likely die age time farmer tools working long hours time struggling nutrition starvation time thats worldp pnow thats certain technologies problematic think produce problematic technologies debate ones ones arent theres doubleedged sword lot things think look step lets look human history human experience realize net positives come historically long history enormously positivep pwhen look technology comes looks potentially problematic things like echo chambers social media like problematic aspect internet problematic applications certain things context weapons mass destruction theres ai complex problematic properties forms think answer things technology creates new problem answer going actually new technology new insight thats going solve problemp pso different way think science technology strictly applied applications trying solve problems problem dont know solve people die cancer people alzheimers disease productive farm youre identifying problem youre trying come better solution problem science technology sound esoteric thats time thats inventive people creative aspectp pif technology good things like internet lot great things maybe problematic things okay problems figure problems lets try solve regulation useful government institutional ideas innovations new technologies try solve problems new companies dont flaws kinds things think looked scope human history id want bet technology technologyp pstrongover relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicsalongbetonfasterproductivitygrowthandanewroaringtwenties target_blankbloga relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsfasterpleasesubstackcompamericanpopulationstagnationbuilding target_blanknewslettera ive written relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpslongbetsorg868 target_blanklong beta robert gordon erik brynjolfsson faster productivity growth rest decade come thatstrongp pim tech optimist sense think sorts problems know dont know solve hear generationally oh weve figured heard industrial revolution point heard early computers oh weve computers theres application internet hear kind thing timep pi think look world sorts problems wed like solve think health problems havent solved uncertainties doors biology producing radically surprising insights new tools time incredible space travel artificial intelligence number deep understandings nature reality havent figured physics puzzling deep questions enormous opportunities progress sense im optimistp pnow think getting harder think weve plucked lowhanging fruit thing emphasize work theres weve figured expert narrow frontier chance having wide insights individuals low airplane wright brothers people leading aeronauts time modern airframe boeing airbus talking 30 different deep engineering disciplines design produce engines theres enormous knowledge goes modern technological version person push frontier increasingly challengingp figure classwpblockimageimg alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202112joneslongreadwrightjpgx91208 classwpimage1008617961figcaptioncrowds 100th anniversary flight celebrations watch plane flying wright brothers national memorial monday december 15 2003 reutershart matthewsfigcaptionfigure pthat productivity growth slow getting harder im optimist think theres think solve come effort try arent trying hard thats reality trying near hard leaving lot talent game investing near returns looked high path fairly clearp pstrongto finish theres lot interest washington rampd theres everinvolving rampd plan moving way congress policy advice science innovation investment rampdstrongp pwell endless frontiers act evolution think going right direction im positive think nsf department energy ways collective benefit think great investment look numbers theyre talking think small compared think theres nonetheless dont want let perfect enemy good im encouraged congress thinking waysp pwhether competition china motivation hugely beneficial glad itp pstrongmy guest today benjamin jones ben thanks coming podcaststrongp pmy pleasure thanks having mep pemjames pethokoukis dewitt wallace fellow american enterprise institute writes edits aeideas blog hosts weekly podcast relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwaeiorgtagpoliticaleconomypodcast target_blankpolitical economy james pethokoukisa benjamin f jones professor entrepreneurship strategy northwestern universityemp divpstronglearn stronga hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicshowdidspacexrevolutionizeprivatespaceflightmylongreadqawithericbergerhow spacex revolutionize private spaceflight longread qampa eric bergera hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicswillcloudcomputingcreateanewroaring20smylongreadqawithmarkmillswill cloud computing create new roaring 20s longread qampa mark millsa hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicsshouldwebringbackwoollymammothsmylongreadqawithbethshapiroshould bring woolly mammoths longread qampa beth shapiroapdiv pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpswwwaeiorgeconomicsinvestinginsciencetofueleconomicprosperitymylongreadqawithbenjaminjonesinvesting science fuel economic prosperity longread qampa benjamin jonesa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpswwwaeiorgamerican enterprise institute aeiap

61ca3ee4317bb1d73fd947f0

The CDC Director's Slippery Response to Criticism of School Mask Mandates Further Undermines Her Agency's Credibility

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom2400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom1200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom2400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom1200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altrochellewalensky11421newscom srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom800x450jpg height675 picture div pamericans should be able to rely on the centers for disease control and prevention cdc for honest and accurate information about communicable illnesses and strategies for dealing with them but a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210513thecdcdirectormisrepresentedthestudyshecitedtojustifyhermisleadingestimateofoutdoorcovid19risktimea and a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210730theprovincetownoutbreakshowsvaccinatedpeoplecanbeinfectedbythecoronavirusbutthecdcsdirectorgrosslyexaggeratesthatriskagaina during the covid19 pandemic cdc director rochelle walensky has proven herself a hrefhttpsreasoncom20211109thecdcsdirectorimpliesthatfacemasksaremoreeffectivethanvaccinesatpreventingcovid19infectionuntrustworthya the latest example is walenskys slippery response to a hrefhttpsreasoncom20211217studymasksinschoolsjunksciencecdcwalenskycriticisma of a study that she has repeatedly cited to justify the cdcs a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210831thenewyorktimesassumesascientificconsensusonschoolmaskmandatesthatitsownreportingshowsdoesnotexistcontroversiala recommendation that k12 schools require students to wear face masks as a safeguard against covid19p pthat a hrefhttpswwwcdcgovmmwrvolumes70wrmm7039e1htmstudya which the cdc published on september 24 looked at quotschoolassociated covid19 outbreaksquotdefined as two or more confirmed cases among students or staff members within a 14day periodin two arizona counties from july 15 through august 31 quotafter adjusting for potential described confoundersquot the researchers reported quotthe odds of a schoolassociated covid19 outbreak in schools without a mask requirement were 35 times higher than those in schools with an early mask requirementquotp pas i a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210924thehoustonchroniclecitesiffydatatomakethecaseformaskmandatesinschoolsnoteda at the time the study did not take into account local vaccination rates or covid19 safeguards that schools adopted in addition to mask mandates the failure to consider those variables by itself makes it impossible to draw any firm conclusions about the explanation for the difference described by the researchersp pit is plausible that schools with quotearly mask requirementsquot tended to be located in neighborhoods with relatively high vaccination rates it is also plausible that they were especially likely to take other precautions such as improved ventilation and physical distancing those factors could help explain why the schools with mask mandates were less likely to report outbreaks since the researchers did not control for those variables their study cannot tell us what role mask requirements playedp pin a december 16 a hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomsciencearchive202112maskguidelinescdcwalensky621035articlea published by emthe atlanticem david zweig a hrefhttpsreasoncom20211217studymasksinschoolsjunksciencecdcwalenskynoteda those issues and several other potential problems with the study including the choice of outbreaks rather than infection rates as the outcome variable a bias in testing of quotclose contactsquot and the fact that some schools were open twice as long as others during the study period more generally the scientists zweig interviewed said the magnitude of the purported effect was highly implausible and inconsistent with other research on the benefits of masking noah haber a postdoctoral fellow at stanford universitys metaresearch innovation center who coauthored a recent a hrefhttpswwwmedrxivorgcontent1011012021012121250243v5fullsystematic reviewa of research on covid19 mitigation measures described the arizona study as quotso unreliable that it probably should not have been entered into the public discoursequotp pwalensky nevertheless latched on to the study as validation of the cdcs support for quotuniversal maskingquot in k12 schools during a emface the nationem a hrefhttpswwwcbsnewscomnewstranscriptcdcdirectorrochellewalenskyfacethenation09262021interviewa two days after the study was published she said it quotdemonstrated that places that had no [mask mandates] in place were three and a half times more likely to have outbreaks than places that did have [mask mandates] in placequot during a white house a hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20210928pressbriefingbywhitehousecovid19responseteamandpublichealthofficials58briefinga two days later she said quotjurisdictions that had masking [requirements] early in their school yearwere three and a half times less likely to have outbreaksquot in a a hrefhttpsmobiletwittercomcdcdirectorstatus1442963327441719301tweeta that afternoon she said the arizona data quotspanreinforce the benefits of masksquot in quotpreventing spanspancovid19spanspan outbreaks in schoolsquot during another white house briefing on october 13 she a hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20210928pressbriefingbywhitehousecovid19responseteamandpublichealthofficials58reiterateda that quotschools without a mask requirement were three and a half times likelier to have a covid19 outbreak than schools that require[d] masksquotspanp plast week walensky took viewer questions during a a hrefhttpstwittercomtpostmillennialstatus1473441501539704837fox news segmenta quotyou have consistently cited one study in arizona as justification for mask mandates in schoolsquot one viewer dave joyce noted quotyet theres reporting in emthe atlanticem that shows that the study is deeply flawed will you follow the science and stop relying on faulty studies and end mask mandates for children in schoolsquotp pdespite her heavy reliance on the arizona study walensky did not acknowledge let alone rebut any of the points raised by zweig or the experts he quoted instead she said thisp blockquotepthere have been study after study not only in this country but in other countries that have demonstrated that our layered prevention strategies including masks in schools are able to keep our schools safely open what i would say now is that we have the capacity with vaccines available now to children above the age of 5 that we would encourage parents to get their children vaccinated importantly we want to be able to keep our schools open and the best way to do that is to use those layered prevention strategies and that includes not only vaccinating our children and our adults but also to continue to mask certainly in the context of this very transmissible omicron variantpblockquote pnote that walensky refers to quotlayered prevention strategiesquot rather than mask mandates specifically thats because the a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210811aremaskrequirementsinschoolsnecessarytocontrolcovid19researcha to which she is alluding typically a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210825theevidencesupportingmaskmandatesinschoolsisweakerthanbidenpretendsdid not attempta to isolate the impact of mask requirements by and large the studies did not even compare schools with mask mandates to schools without them as the cdc a hrefhttpswwwcdcgovcoronavirus2019ncovsciencesciencebriefstransmission_k_12_schoolshtmlput ita the studies showed that quottransmission within school settings is typically lower thanor at least similar tolevels of community transmission when prevention strategies are in placequot these studies did emnotem show and because of their design emcould notem show that masking or any other specific safeguard was emnecessaryem for schools to quotsafelyquot reopenp pwhen it first issued its a hrefhttpswwwcdcgovcoronavirus2019ncovcommunityschoolschildcarek12guidancehtmlguidance for schoolsa the cdcs best attempt at a more rigorous analysis was a a hrefhttpswwwcdcgovmmwrvolumes70wrmm7021e1htms_cidmm7021e1_wlarge studya of georgia schools published in may which found no statistically significant evidence that requiring students to wear masks reduced infection rates even before vaccines were widely available in a a hrefhttpswwwmedrxivorgcontent1011012021051921257467v1preprint studya posted the same month brown university economist emily oster and four other researchers analyzed covid19 data from florida new york and massachusetts for the 202021 school year quotwe do not find any correlations with mask mandatesquot they reported but they noted that quotall rates [were] lower in the spring after teacher vaccination [was] underwayquotp pin short the cdc decided to recommend quotuniversal maskingquot of k12 students without any solid evidence that the policy had an important impact on covid19 transmission let alone that its benefits outweighed the a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210819thispsychologistthinksmaskmandatesinschoolsofferdistinctiveopportunitiesforlearningandgrowthsubstantial burdensa it imposes the cdc is now trying to retroactively validate its decision by citing subsequent research that remains far from conclusivep pschool districts that still require masking are relying on the cdcs judgment so is the biden administration when it argues that deviating from the agencys advice is not just unwise but a hrefhttpsreasoncom202112065thcircuittemporarilyrestoresgregabbottsbanonschoolmaskmandatesillegala both assume that we can count on the cdc to fairly assess the scientific evidence the agencys handling of this issue along with its many other a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210519whyamericansshouldnottrustthecdcscovid19advicemisstepsa a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210804theevidencecitedbythecdcdoesnotshowthatvaccinatedandunvaccinatedcovid19carriersareequallylikelytotransmitthevirusmisstatementsa and weakly justified a hrefhttpsreasoncom20210514thecdcsevershiftingcovid19adviceshowstheagencyisillsuitedtodecidewhichrisksareacceptablereversalsa shows we cantp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20211227thecdcdirectorsslipperyresponsetocriticismofschoolmaskmandatesfurtherunderminesheragencyscredibilitythe cdc directors slippery response to criticism of school mask mandates further undermines her agencys credibilitya appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom2400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom1200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom2400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom1200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altrochellewalensky11421newscom srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202112rochellewalensky11421newscom800x450jpg height675 picture div pamericans able rely centers disease control prevention cdc honest accurate information communicable illnesses strategies dealing hrefhttpsreasoncom20210513thecdcdirectormisrepresentedthestudyshecitedtojustifyhermisleadingestimateofoutdoorcovid19risktimea hrefhttpsreasoncom20210730theprovincetownoutbreakshowsvaccinatedpeoplecanbeinfectedbythecoronavirusbutthecdcsdirectorgrosslyexaggeratesthatriskagaina covid19 pandemic cdc director rochelle walensky proven hrefhttpsreasoncom20211109thecdcsdirectorimpliesthatfacemasksaremoreeffectivethanvaccinesatpreventingcovid19infectionuntrustworthya latest example walenskys slippery response hrefhttpsreasoncom20211217studymasksinschoolsjunksciencecdcwalenskycriticisma study repeatedly cited justify cdcs hrefhttpsreasoncom20210831thenewyorktimesassumesascientificconsensusonschoolmaskmandatesthatitsownreportingshowsdoesnotexistcontroversiala recommendation k12 schools require students wear face masks safeguard covid19p pthat hrefhttpswwwcdcgovmmwrvolumes70wrmm7039e1htmstudya cdc published september 24 looked quotschoolassociated covid19 outbreaksquotdefined confirmed cases students staff members 14day periodin arizona counties july 15 august 31 quotafter adjusting potential described confoundersquot researchers reported quotthe odds schoolassociated covid19 outbreak schools mask requirement 35 times higher schools early mask requirementquotp pas hrefhttpsreasoncom20210924thehoustonchroniclecitesiffydatatomakethecaseformaskmandatesinschoolsnoteda time study account local vaccination rates covid19 safeguards schools adopted addition mask mandates failure consider variables makes impossible draw firm conclusions explanation difference described researchersp pit plausible schools quotearly mask requirementsquot tended located neighborhoods relatively high vaccination rates plausible especially likely precautions improved ventilation physical distancing factors help explain schools mask mandates likely report outbreaks researchers control variables study tell role mask requirements playedp pin december 16 hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomsciencearchive202112maskguidelinescdcwalensky621035articlea published byemthe atlanticem david zweig hrefhttpsreasoncom20211217studymasksinschoolsjunksciencecdcwalenskynoteda issues potential problems study including choice outbreaks infection rates outcome variable bias testing quotclose contactsquot fact schools open twice long study period generally scientists zweig interviewed said magnitude purported effect highly implausible inconsistent research benefits masking noah haber postdoctoral fellow stanford universitys metaresearch innovation center coauthored recent hrefhttpswwwmedrxivorgcontent1011012021012121250243v5fullsystematic reviewa research covid19 mitigation measures described arizona study quotso unreliable probably entered public discoursequotp pwalensky latched study validation cdcs support quotuniversal maskingquot k12 schools aemface nationem hrefhttpswwwcbsnewscomnewstranscriptcdcdirectorrochellewalenskyfacethenation09262021interviewa days study published said quotdemonstrated places [mask mandates] place half times likely outbreaks places [mask mandates] placequot white house hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20210928pressbriefingbywhitehousecovid19responseteamandpublichealthofficials58briefinga days later said quotjurisdictions masking [requirements] early school yearwere half times likely outbreaksquot hrefhttpsmobiletwittercomcdcdirectorstatus1442963327441719301tweeta afternoon said arizona data quotspanreinforce benefits masksquot quotpreventing spanspancovid19spanspan outbreaks schoolsquot white house briefing october 13 hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20210928pressbriefingbywhitehousecovid19responseteamandpublichealthofficials58reiterateda quotschools mask requirement half times likelier covid19 outbreak schools require[d] masksquotspanp plast week walensky took viewer questions hrefhttpstwittercomtpostmillennialstatus1473441501539704837fox news segmenta quotyou consistently cited study arizona justification mask mandates schoolsquot viewer dave joyce noted quotyet theres reporting emthe atlanticem shows study deeply flawed follow science stop relying faulty studies end mask mandates children schoolsquotp pdespite heavy reliance arizona study walensky acknowledge let rebut points raised zweig experts quoted instead said thisp blockquotepthere study study country countries demonstrated layered prevention strategies including masks schools able schools safely open capacity vaccines available children age 5 encourage parents children vaccinated importantly want able schools open best way use layered prevention strategies includes vaccinating children adults continue mask certainly context transmissible omicron variantpblockquote pnote walensky refers quotlayered prevention strategiesquot mask mandates specifically thats hrefhttpsreasoncom20210811aremaskrequirementsinschoolsnecessarytocontrolcovid19researcha alluding typically hrefhttpsreasoncom20210825theevidencesupportingmaskmandatesinschoolsisweakerthanbidenpretendsdid attempta isolate impact mask requirements large studies compare schools mask mandates schools cdc hrefhttpswwwcdcgovcoronavirus2019ncovsciencesciencebriefstransmission_k_12_schoolshtmlput ita studies showed quottransmission school settings typically lower thanor similar tolevels community transmission prevention strategies placequot studies emnotem design emcould notem masking specific safeguard emnecessaryem schools quotsafelyquot reopenp pwhen issued hrefhttpswwwcdcgovcoronavirus2019ncovcommunityschoolschildcarek12guidancehtmlguidance schoolsa cdcs best attempt rigorous analysis aa hrefhttpswwwcdcgovmmwrvolumes70wrmm7021e1htms_cidmm7021e1_wlarge studya georgia schools published found statistically significant evidence requiring students wear masks reduced infection rates vaccines widely available aa hrefhttpswwwmedrxivorgcontent1011012021051921257467v1preprint studyaposted month brown university economist emily oster researchers analyzed covid19 data florida new york massachusetts 202021 school year quotwe find correlations mask mandatesquot reported noted quotall rates [were] lower spring teacher vaccination [was] underwayquotp pin short cdc decided recommend quotuniversal maskingquot k12 students solid evidence policy important impact covid19 transmission let benefits outweighed hrefhttpsreasoncom20210819thispsychologistthinksmaskmandatesinschoolsofferdistinctiveopportunitiesforlearningandgrowthsubstantial burdensa imposes cdc trying retroactively validate decision citing subsequent research remains far conclusivep pschool districts require masking relying cdcs judgment biden administration argues deviating agencys advice unwise hrefhttpsreasoncom202112065thcircuittemporarilyrestoresgregabbottsbanonschoolmaskmandatesillegala assume count cdc fairly assess scientific evidence agencys handling issue hrefhttpsreasoncom20210519whyamericansshouldnottrustthecdcscovid19advicemisstepsa hrefhttpsreasoncom20210804theevidencecitedbythecdcdoesnotshowthatvaccinatedandunvaccinatedcovid19carriersareequallylikelytotransmitthevirusmisstatementsa weakly justified hrefhttpsreasoncom20210514thecdcsevershiftingcovid19adviceshowstheagencyisillsuitedtodecidewhichrisksareacceptablereversalsa shows cantp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20211227thecdcdirectorsslipperyresponsetocriticismofschoolmaskmandatesfurtherunderminesheragencyscredibilitythe cdc directors slippery response criticism school mask mandates undermines agencys credibilitya appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

61ca3f08317bb1d73fd947f2

Groomer Schools 3: The Creation of an American Red Guard

h4the new discourses podcast with james lindsay episode 60h4 pmore and more people are waking up every day to the fact that our schools have become an undeniable catastrophe and theyre starting to realize alongside that fact that it isnt an accident it is purposed it is intentional it is a strategy and it uses our children as pawns for achieving a nightmarish agenda no matter how much damage it does to them to achieve it in this groomer schools series on the new discourses podcast james lindsay has already walked you through a relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202111groomerschools1longculturalmarxisthistorysexeducation datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsnewdiscoursescom202111groomerschools1longculturalmarxisthistorysexeducationampsourcegmailampust1640714727864000ampusgaovvaw2mwgo3gspndolfai5n99u target_blankin part 1a the long communist party strategy to use sex education in schools to destabilize society and sever ties between generations and just how specifically grotesque this grooming sexual agenda is a relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202111groomerschools2queerfuturityandthesexualabuseofyourchildren datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsnewdiscoursescom202111groomerschools2queerfuturityandthesexualabuseofyourchildrenampsourcegmailampust1640714727864000ampusgaovvaw1zjy8cxgh0jnl8aju7eyom target_blankin part 2a here in the third part of the series lindsay puts these two pieces together explains their purpose and illustrates how critical race theory works alongside queer theory grooming for a blatantly maoist purpose to create an american red guard meant to overthrow our society and start all over from a new year zero join him to understand the evil maoist tactics being employed in our schools to turn our children into revolutionaries for the purpose of undermining america and the westp hr pemsubscribe to the new discourses podcast on spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssoundcloudcomnewdiscourses target_blanksoundcloudaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsapplecomuspodcastnewdiscoursesid1499880546 target_blankapple podcastsaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsgooglecomfeedahr0cdovl2zlzwrzlnnvdw5ky2xvdwquy29tl3vzzxjzl3nvdw5ky2xvdwq6dxnlcnm6nzgxmte2mzi1l3nvdw5kcy5yc3m target_blankgoogle podcastsaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsopenspotifycomshow0hfzdaxi5l4lnjqstfwgzpsikd5rtswgt1epiuyrixmlgw target_blankspotifyaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blankstitcheraspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blanka spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomplaylistlistpl2hruftaprxcqcbydcaullid2d9exyny target_blankyoutubeaspanspan or by spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsfeedssoundcloudcomuserssoundcloudusers781116325soundsrss target_blankrssaspanspanemp pemprevious episodes of the new discourses podcast are available spanspana relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomtagndpodcast target_blankhereaspanspanemp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202112groomerschools3thecreationofanamericanredguardgroomer schools 3 the creation of an american red guarda appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomnew discoursesap

h4the new discourses podcast james lindsay episode 60h4 pmore people waking day fact schools undeniable catastrophe theyre starting realize alongside fact isnt accident purposed intentional strategy uses children pawns achieving nightmarish agenda matter damage achieve groomer schools series new discourses podcast james lindsay walked relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202111groomerschools1longculturalmarxisthistorysexeducation datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsnewdiscoursescom202111groomerschools1longculturalmarxisthistorysexeducationampsourcegmailampust1640714727864000ampusgaovvaw2mwgo3gspndolfai5n99u target_blankin 1a long communist party strategy use sex education schools destabilize society sever ties generations specifically grotesque grooming sexual agenda relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202111groomerschools2queerfuturityandthesexualabuseofyourchildren datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsnewdiscoursescom202111groomerschools2queerfuturityandthesexualabuseofyourchildrenampsourcegmailampust1640714727864000ampusgaovvaw1zjy8cxgh0jnl8aju7eyom target_blankin 2a series lindsay puts pieces explains purpose illustrates critical race theory works alongside queer theory grooming blatantly maoist purpose create american red guard meant overthrow society start new year zero join understand evil maoist tactics employed schools turn children revolutionaries purpose undermining america westp hr pemsubscribe new discourses podcast spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssoundcloudcomnewdiscourses target_blanksoundcloudaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsapplecomuspodcastnewdiscoursesid1499880546 target_blankapple podcastsaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsgooglecomfeedahr0cdovl2zlzwrzlnnvdw5ky2xvdwquy29tl3vzzxjzl3nvdw5ky2xvdwq6dxnlcnm6nzgxmte2mzi1l3nvdw5kcy5yc3m target_blankgoogle podcastsaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsopenspotifycomshow0hfzdaxi5l4lnjqstfwgzpsikd5rtswgt1epiuyrixmlgw target_blankspotifyaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blankstitcheraspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blankaspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomplaylistlistpl2hruftaprxcqcbydcaullid2d9exyny target_blankyoutubeaspanspan byspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsfeedssoundcloudcomuserssoundcloudusers781116325soundsrss target_blankrssaspanspanemp pemprevious episodes new discourses podcast available spanspana relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomtagndpodcast target_blankhereaspanspanemp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202112groomerschools3thecreationofanamericanredguardgroomer schools 3 creation american red guarda appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomnew discoursesap

61ca3f8e317bb1d73fd947fe

Don’t F*ck with Big Sugar

pin a hrefhttpsmarginalrevolutioncomourtextbookmodern principlesa tyler and i analyze the economics and politics of the sugar quota which raises the us price of sugar to about twice the world level doug irwin a hrefhttpstwittercomd_a_irwinstatus1474207367038443521s20points us toa a revealing passage in john boehners memoir a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomhousejohnboehnerdp1250238447refsr_1_2tagmarginalrevol20on the houseap blockquotepsugar was never really my fight but i always thought it was a little silly that the sugar industry has all this power in washington but i liked to spend my time on issues i might actually be able to change and i knew the chances of winning a fight with big sugar was basically zerop pat one point in the mid1990s i got fed up and decided to yank their chains anyway i was on the agricultural committee and were getting ready to put together the 1996 farm bill i walked into my office while this was going on and found a sugar lobbyist hanging around trying to stay close to the action i felt like being a smartass so i made some wisecrack about the sugar industry raping the taxpayers without another word i walked into my private office and shut the door i had no real plan to go after the sugar people i was just screwing with the guyp pmy phone did not stop ringing for the next five weeksi had no idea how many people in my district were connected to the sugar industry people were calling all day telling me they made pumps or plugs or boxes or some other such part used in sugar production and i was threatening their job mayors called to tell me about employers their towns depended on who would be hurt by a sugar downturn it was the most organize effort i had ever seenp pand thats why dont fuck with sugarpblockquote pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112dontfckwithbigsugarhtmldont fck with big sugara appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pin hrefhttpsmarginalrevolutioncomourtextbookmodern principlesa tyler analyze economics politics sugar quota raises price sugar twice world level doug irwin hrefhttpstwittercomd_a_irwinstatus1474207367038443521s20points toa revealing passage john boehners memoir hrefhttpswwwamazoncomhousejohnboehnerdp1250238447refsr_1_2tagmarginalrevol20on houseap blockquotepsugar fight thought little silly sugar industry power washington liked spend time issues actually able change knew chances winning fight big sugar basically zerop pat point mid1990s got fed decided yank chains agricultural committee getting ready 1996 farm bill walked office going found sugar lobbyist hanging trying stay close action felt like smartass wisecrack sugar industry raping taxpayers word walked private office shut door real plan sugar people screwing guyp pmy phone stop ringing weeksi idea people district connected sugar industry people calling day telling pumps plugs boxes sugar production threatening job mayors called tell employers towns depended hurt sugar downturn organize effort seenp pand thats dont fuck sugarpblockquote pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112dontfckwithbigsugarhtmldont fck big sugara appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

61ca3f9a317bb1d73fd94800

E.O. Wilson has passed away

phere is a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211227scienceeowilsondeadhtml target_blankthe new york times obituaryap pi remember in the early times when there was sociobiology this highly unusual revolutionary somewhat evil thing as distinct from evolutionary biology more generally  it is a sign of wilsons eventual triumph that such a conceptual split largely has left the seen  of course the discourse has in other ways also gone backwardsp phis a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwamazoncomconsilienceunityknowledgewilsonebookdpb00p5557dkrefsr_1_10crid306znuffotznvkeywordseowilsonbooksqid1640606734sprefixeowilson2caps2c65sr810 target_blankconsilience the unity of knowledgea is not his best or most important book but it has influenced me a good dealp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112eowilsonhaspassedawayhtmleo wilson has passed awaya appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

phere relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20211227scienceeowilsondeadhtml target_blankthe new york times obituaryap pi remember early times sociobiology highly unusual revolutionary somewhat evil thing distinct evolutionary biology generally sign wilsons eventual triumph conceptual split largely left seen course discourse ways gone backwardsp phis relnoopener hrefhttpswwwamazoncomconsilienceunityknowledgewilsonebookdpb00p5557dkrefsr_1_10crid306znuffotznvkeywordseowilsonbooksqid1640606734sprefixeowilson2caps2c65sr810 target_blankconsilience unity knowledgea best important book influenced good dealp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112eowilsonhaspassedawayhtmleo wilson passed awaya appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

61cb91bc95aa9dd1269c2b4f

A Dead End Year

img alta dead end year srchttpswisdomofcrowdslivecontentimages202112plaguejpgpeditors note if youre new to wisdom of crowds learn more about our mission and ethos a hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivewhatiswisdomofcrowdsherea if you like this post please consider a hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivesignupsigning up for freea or becoming a a hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdsliveadeadendyearportalsubscribesubscribera to gain access to membersonly contentppthis year like every year i went to visit my folks in croatia for winter break unlike in normal times we didnt have the kind of boisterous christmas where we saw extended family and friends people of my parents generation are getting on in years and most were nervous about gathering given the virus even though everyone i know is vaccinated last year was of course much worse vaccines werent yet available and croatia was in complete lockdown with even intercity travel banned still this year wasnt christmas as i knew it it was a much more muted affairppmaybe its not covid that caused it but getting old itself my parents generation is starting to die off and death tends to make people withdraw into themselveseven sometimes from each other i have not yet felt what its like to have all your peers start to disappear around you one by one but i did have a close friend die some years back its different it leaves a mark its not like having a beloved older relative die even if prematurely that can be a grievous loss but it also feels like a natural part of life it points to the passage of timeto mortality in more general terms but it doesnt point the finger at emyouem quite like the death of a friend doesppits natural to recoil in such circumstances to withdraw into oneself while we might tell ourselves that we do this to process what has happened i think its more primal than that despite knowing better we hide from deaths gaze crouching and looking down hoping not to catch his eye and in so crouching we disconnect from the world around us at least for a time its not fear of death per sewe know our chances of actually dying young are reasonably smallas much as it is a recognition of our vulnerability we all know we are going to die sometime but we dont necessarily appreciate that it could happen at any moment statistics be damnedppa friend of the family stopped by for lunch earlier today here in zagreb her husband had passed away before covid but not too long before i hadnt seen her since she looked the same but her way of talking was different perhaps not yet adjusted to living alone she seemed to monologue a bit more out of the blue she said that her kids had recently told her to be more charitable to people around herto both strangers and loved ones alike she was at first taken aback but as she thought about it more she understood what they were trying to tell her she had always been a bit short with people she said but her husband had been a check on her worst impulses now not only was his moderating influence gone she was also spending more time aloneand when you are alone all the time you become more hardened she said less tolerantppcovid may have played a role in taking my uncle last year and it has killed a close friend of my parents but it has not taken any of my immediate friends nevertheless it has by virtue of crippling collective life imposed some kind of solitary crouch on each of us we tell ourselves that we remain connected through technology and social media and that all thats missing is more face time with people but i suspect thats not exactly right speaking for myself throughout these last two years of the pandemic i have been fortunate to have a close group of friends whom i have seen regularly yet i am without doubt more hardenedless tolerantthan i was before i am not lonely nor even alone much of the time i am not wanting for connection but the change in me is real the product of some kind of isolationppits less depression and more shellshock events keep coming its just one damned thing after another no rhyme or reason the ordered rhythm of what we knew before is gone we bear witness to a senseless procession mute staring with incomprehension maybe like with the death of a friend our covid crouch is about vulnerability maybe its about recognizing not so much our own mortality but rather the fragility of our entire lives and the broader societies we are embedded inpprarely do we speak about life getting back to normal any more and if we do we smirk knowingly ironically this is the new normal i have screamed more than once with some venom at strangers on twitter clinging to the idea that covid will at some point be vanquished with the apparently less deadly but much more a hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdsliveomicronpanicandliberalhysteriatransmissible omicron varianta now worming its way across the world we catch glimpses of what is to come even with the vast majority of the infected reporting nothing more than flulike symptoms many countries are flailing about the mildest variant still represents radical uncertainty just this week we learned that the most effective vaccines carry a hrefhttpswwwmedrxivorgcontent1011012021122321268276v1tail risksa of their own and that long covid may be a hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20211226coronaviruscanpersistformonthsaftertraversingentirebodyquite a nasty thingappmaybe as the variants get less deadly and we get better at managing sporadic outbreaks of novel mutations something approaching the previous normalcy will reemerge but thats not really what we mean when we say getting back to normal we want to have our innocence restored to once again believe in a kind of permanence to our lives i think thats gone for good though that longedfor permanence is similar to the sense of ourselves we have before we experience the death of a friend we implicitly believed we were somehow indestructible not immortal but that the same rules didnt exactly apply to us a friends death shows us that in fact they do its the same with covidppits a lesson we can with time choose not to dwell on but can never unlearn its a part of growing wiser eventually we move on having internalized these hard lessons eventually we straighten up out of our crouch and reengage with the world we may memoryhole much of the emptiness that characterized the last two years of our lives but we wont regain that sense of boundless optimism born of a belief in stability that we had beforeppwhat would moving on entail for me it would mean getting back some sense of the possible the pandemic has been all about what we cannot do and the crouch it has imposed on us has had us dwelling almost exclusively on limitations ill know im getting better when that frame has shifted for mewhen im planning and strategizing rather than watching life passively with detached horror ill know im no longer crouching when im moving forward again even if cautiouslyppitll take some time in the interim maybe its good to heed the advice that my family friends children offered lets try to be more charitable its good to recognize that were all crouching down trapped in time mute helplessppi guess i have my new years resolutionp

img alta dead end year srchttpswisdomofcrowdslivecontentimages202112plaguejpgpeditors note youre new wisdom crowds learn mission ethos hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivewhatiswisdomofcrowdsherea like post consider hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivesignupsigning freea hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdsliveadeadendyearportalsubscribesubscribera gain access membersonly contentppthis year like year went visit folks croatia winter break unlike normal times didnt kind boisterous christmas saw extended family friends people parents generation getting years nervous gathering given virus know vaccinated year course worse vaccines werent available croatia complete lockdown intercity travel banned year wasnt christmas knew muted affairppmaybe covid caused getting old parents generation starting die death tends people withdraw themselveseven felt like peers start disappear close friend die years different leaves mark like having beloved older relative die prematurely grievous loss feels like natural life points passage timeto mortality general terms doesnt point finger emyouem like death friend doesppits natural recoil circumstances withdraw oneself tell process happened think primal despite knowing better hide deaths gaze crouching looking hoping catch eye crouching disconnect world time fear death sewe know chances actually dying young reasonably smallas recognition vulnerability know going die dont necessarily appreciate happen moment statistics damnedppa friend family stopped lunch earlier today zagreb husband passed away covid long hadnt seen looked way talking different adjusted living monologue bit blue said kids recently told charitable people herto strangers loved ones alike taken aback thought understood trying tell bit short people said husband check worst impulses moderating influence gone spending time aloneand time hardened said tolerantppcovid played role taking uncle year killed close friend parents taken immediate friends virtue crippling collective life imposed kind solitary crouch tell remain connected technology social media thats missing face time people suspect thats exactly right speaking years pandemic fortunate close group friends seen regularly doubt hardenedless tolerantthan lonely time wanting connection change real product kind isolationppits depression shellshock events coming damned thing rhyme reason ordered rhythm knew gone bear witness senseless procession mute staring incomprehension maybe like death friend covid crouch vulnerability maybe recognizing mortality fragility entire lives broader societies embedded inpprarely speak life getting normal smirk knowingly ironically new normal screamed venom strangers twitter clinging idea covid point vanquished apparently deadly hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdsliveomicronpanicandliberalhysteriatransmissible omicron varianta worming way world catch glimpses come vast majority infected reporting flulike symptoms countries flailing mildest variant represents radical uncertainty week learned effective vaccines carry hrefhttpswwwmedrxivorgcontent1011012021122321268276v1tail risksa long covid hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20211226coronaviruscanpersistformonthsaftertraversingentirebodyquite nasty thingappmaybe variants deadly better managing sporadic outbreaks novel mutations approaching previous normalcy reemerge thats mean getting normal want innocence restored believe kind permanence lives think thats gone good longedfor permanence similar sense experience death friend implicitly believed indestructible immortal rules didnt exactly apply friends death shows fact covidppits lesson time choose dwell unlearn growing wiser eventually having internalized hard lessons eventually straighten crouch reengage world memoryhole emptiness characterized years lives wont regain sense boundless optimism born belief stability beforeppwhat moving entail mean getting sense possible pandemic crouch imposed dwelling exclusively limitations ill know im getting better frame shifted mewhen im planning strategizing watching life passively detached horror ill know im longer crouching im moving forward cautiouslyppitll time interim maybe good heed advice family friends children offered lets try charitable good recognize crouching trapped time mute helplessppi guess new years resolutionp

61ce34ef7eb8e830d898a968

A Conversation with E.O. Wilson (1929–2021)

img alta conversation with eo wilson 19292021 srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202112gettyimages4543352322jpgpppemnote the pioneering american biologist edward o wilson passed away on december 26th aged 92 the following interview was conducted by phone on august 24th 2009 as part of alice dregers research for her book ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomgalileosmiddlefingerhereticsactivistsdp0143108115galileos middle fingeraem the text has been lightly edited for length and fluencyemppstrongalice dreger strongi know youve spoken about it many times before but i would like to begin by asking you about the session at the 1978 aaas [american association for the advancement of science] conference during which you were rushed on the stage and a protester emptied a pitcher of water onto your head by all accounts the talk you then gave was very measured how on earth were you able to remain so calm after being physically assaultedppstrongedward o wilsonstrong i think i may have been the only scientist in modern times to be physically attacked for an idea the idea of a biological human nature was abhorrent to the demonstrators and was in fact too radical at the time for a lot of peopleprobably most social scientists and certainly many on the farleft they just accepted as dogma the blankslate view of the human mindthat everything we do and think is due to contingency rather than based upon instinct like bodily functions and the urge to keep reproducing these people believe that everything we do is the result of historical accidents the events of history the development of personality through experienceppthat was firmly believed in 1978 by a wide part of the population but particularly by the political left and it was thought at the time that raising the specter of a biological basis for human behavior was not only wrong but a justification for war sexism and racism biological gender differences could justify sexism and any imputation that we evolved a human nature or that human qualities might differ from one race to another was dangerously racistppso furious ideologically based opposition had built up in 1978 that opposition had been fanned by a small number of academics including [paleontologist] stephen jay gould and [evolutionary biologist] richard lewontin and two or three others on the harvard faculty who thought this was a very dangerous idea and said so these people helped organize the socalled science for the people movement or the branch of it called the sociobiology study group their purpose was to discredit me personally for having brought up such a dangerous and destructive ideappin fact at that meeting incarthe international committee against racismheld up signs condemning me and sociobiology and racism in general of course racism never even entered my thinking in developing these ideas anyway after they dumped the water on me amazingly they returned to their seats while i was drying myself off a couple of people then made short speechesmost notably stephen gould of all people the guy whose agitation and inflammatory essays had been partly responsible for all this he addressed the demonstrators and said in effect that while he fully understood their motivation violence was not the right way to achieve their goalsppas for me i dont know why but i just get calm under a lot of stress ive been in that sort of stressful situation many times especially in the field i started thinking to myself this is probably going to be an historical moment and it is very interesting i wasnt in the least doubt that my science was correct i knew this was a kind of aberration i understood the source because i knew the people who had been the chief thinkers the ideological leaders an astonishingly good percentage of them were on the faculty at harvard i wasnt concerned this would come to anything in the long termppso someone found a paper towel and i dried my head as soon as things settled down i just read my talk i knew things were going to work outthere was so much evidence accumulated already for a somewhat programmed human brain by then it was already coming from many directions including genetics and neuroscience there was no doubt about where things would go there may be holdouts but the inevitable conclusion from neuroscience and anthropology and genetics is for this way of thinking [american anthropologist] nap[oleon] chagnon was present and he was certainly a leader in thinking about human nature and how valuable it is and what its motivations are by studying groups like the yanomamppi knew history was on my side i was young enough that i thought i would live through a good part of it i was annoyed but i wasnt under stress in an extreme way before going home i went to the next session at which an anthropologist made the mistake of stating that i believe every cultural difference has a genetic basis so that i am a racist of course i rebutted that but that was the kind of thing being exchanged at that meetingppstrongadstrong when nap told me the story of the aaas he recalled that you had a broken legppstrongeowstrong oh thats right i was a runner and i had slipped on ice and broken my ankle so i was hobbling along in a cast the commotion was mainly due to resistance to the vietnam war i think that was the gut issue behind a lot of student demonstrations since that occurred during the amazing decade of the civil rights revolution it all got blended together so there was a lot of action like that of students taking over stages or protesting that was the context of the event at the aaas so it wasnt totally surprisingppstrongadstrong napoleon chagnon has told me that he tried to support you in various ways through the yearsppstrongeowstrong i admired him enormously and still do i admire him for his work on the yanomam quite apart from the fact that he picked up on sociobiology almost immediately and started applying some of its thinking to darwinian fitness the originality of his work is admirable and he based it on solid empirical research into the role of vengeance raids but also the interest in acquiring women and that became an empirical theme of his research he studied the genealogy and pedigrees of these people with the help of blood samples that was very novel and important research to me he represented the new anthropology the new cultural anthropology which is finally beginning to take hold though as you probably know there is still a school of thinking that rejects anything to do with biological research of the kind that chagnon pioneered he was very admirable in the way he just entered the yanomam society during a period of great risk and uncertainty they really are a violent people so i was already an admirer of his before i met himppin my memoir youll see a photograph from the first meeting of the human behavior and evolution society he should be in that photograph they were the founders of sociobiology there were about six people in the photo including bill hamilton and others nap was already a leader in that movement what a warrior he was at that meeting at the aaas and as soon as those people took the stage he tried to rush up and fight them but he couldnt make his way up through the melee i couldnt help but think of him not only as heroic but also as a real friendppstrongadstrong chagnon said that when he was subject to the controversy over [journalist patrick tierneys 2000 book] ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomdarknessdoradoscientistsjournalistsdevastateddp0393322750dp0393322750darkness in el doradoaem you called regularly to check on him and to offer support [tierney falsely accused chagnon and his colleague the geneticist james neel of conducting unethical fieldwork among the yanomam tribe and of exacerbating a measles epidemic in the amazon basin]ppstrongeowstrong thats right were talking about 10 years ago now rightppstrongadstrong yes just aboutppstrongeowstrong there was a group that came to naps defense i was one of them by that time i had some prestige so i could offer some help i was a member of the national academy and had the national medal of science and at least one pulitzer by then so i just put those cards on the table to help him he deserved it and i thought that was the only thing to do i did it gladly and there were others like [american anthropologist john] tooby and people who helped from evolutionary psychology ppothers were outraged and threats were being passed on to ww norton for not being more careful and for publishing a clearly libelous book the tragedy of it was that james neela very established senior scientist a member of the national academy of sciences a leader in human geneticswas really subject to libelous attack in tierneys book but there was nothing that could be done because he had died if he had lived things would have been a lot easier for nap they could have brought suit against tierney and maybe even norton itself they could have cleansed the whole thing in public but neel was gone i learned to my shock that libel suits cannot be conducted by the family of the person libeled thats amazing isnt it the family was kind of helpless because they didnt have the public voice or the weightppwe made one hell of a fuss we really did i wrote a very pointed letter to the president of norton [w drake] mcfeely and we had an exchange about this there wasnt much he could do but say we did all this in good faith he didnt say the book was wrong or anything he didnt want to get into anything in print that would allow a breach to be formed for a later libel suit it died downppnap who i thought normally would have gone after them with ferocity had sort of seemed to lose his spirit at that time but i was certain he was not guilty of the misdemeanors or crimes tierney had accused him of he and i had long talks about this for a time there was a strong response from part of the community that owed it to nap but on the other hand nap did not immediately do what we all wanted him to do and write a true story of what had happened during his studies with james neel he had written books describing his adventures but he really needed to write a book that described just what was being done and what all the work was about you could get that from the technical papers and his earlier books but it wasnt in a form that could serve as a rebuttal to the tierney book it was a surprise that nap didnt publish something within a year or two but he let it slide for reasons maybe you understand better than i do i didnt keep up too much with him after thisppstrongadstrong nap is finishing up his memoir but im not sure he is going to situate his story in that larger context of what happens in cases like thatppstrongeowstrong im glad youre working on this it all needs to be put it in a larger context that would be a wonderful thing to do i dont know if you want to come right up to the bush administration and the evangelical advances the knownothings attacks on science we have to decide what to do in these situations i chose to write ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomcreationappealsavelifeearthdp0393330486the creationaem in that book i set out not to confound the fundamentaliststhats been done a thousand times virtually without effectbut rather to call on them for help that had far more effect on evangelicals than a hundred volumes by someone like richard dawkins condemning religion i just brushed that aside said i was a secular humanist and began with a letter to an imaginary pastor i said we are not going to save life on earth unless science and religion can work togetherppstrongadstrong one of the things i really admire about your work is how you try to be constructive i think that is so much more effective than mere criticismyou work on really moving people to act to go beyond longterm divisions to ask how we can get somewhereppstrongeowstrong i think that work has been very productive it helped move evangelicals more decisively into conservation once they see what they call the left the environmentalists and the scientistswhat rush limbaugh that expert on climate change has called the granolacrunching treehuggersare not necessarily the dangerous threat they thought they are not as aggressive i understand evangelicals well they circle the wagons but they are afraid of all these happenings once they see they could form a nonthreatening alliance for a transcendent purpose then they could move forward thats why i wrote the book you have 42 percent of the american people who might be rallied for the environment particularly for conservation so thats made a lot of progress i was invited to a meeting with the heads of the mormon church and we met at the presidents officeppstrongadstrong is that why you were recently in utahppstrongeowstrong i was there to give a talk at the natural history museum and the elders invited me over for a meeting and it worked out awfully well i had a meeting with the principal bishop the next day wonderful things can be done if you give people a reason to come together you know if one of those protesters especially the young woman who dumped the water on my head were ever to come forward and say im sorry we were so violent about that i would take them to dinner i would enjoy talking to them today thats the way outpphowever the attack on nap chagnon was different that may have been motivated by pure ideologymaybe tierney felt he could strike a blow for his ideology by tearing down someone like chagnon but i have the impression he was an opportunist who saw a way to get famous and make moneyppstrongadstrong i think to some extent tierney was an opportunist of that sort but i think he was also a zealot someone who saw himself as a kind of savior to marginalized peoplesomeone who could save the world so to speak i think this is not that different probably from the way gould saw himself it is ultimately a selfdefeating approachto be so committed that you stop looking beyond what you already believeppstrongeowstrong ultimately it was selfdefeating for gould maybe for dick lewontin tooppstrongadstrong and i think too that gould saw it as a route to being wellknown and belovedppstrongeowstrong what you said about gould was correct but i knew him well enough to know he sought fame and riches he sought that out thats an interesting subject in his own right i would love to read about tierneys backgroundppstrongadstrong he is an interesting character i located and read a book manuscript he never published a sort of memoir and it reveals a lot about his allegiances he certainly saw himself as a good catholic boy and so he positioned himself against sociobiology by which he meant bizarrely any explanation of human behavior that saw sex drive as a motivationppstrongeowstrong it sounds as though it is coming from the right at least a highly conservative view on biologyppstrongadstrong im not sure if those missionaries would be correctly classified as being on the right they are in some ways on the left in terms of their focus on the poor and disenfranchised its hard to say except that they all saw themselves as saving the poor indiansppstrongeowstrong these religious orders have been doing this for centuries with the help of the spanish soldiers they gathered up all the libraries of the mayans and burned them now we only have about four codices leftppthis is one of the real stresses and strains of a democratic society it is frightening that this sort of thing can happen in america we have come through some scares since the second world war that should have been warning signs you could excuse anything until the second world war even the confinement of japanese americans this was not a sign of a national trend getting worse this was an emergency response that was wrong but by the time of mccarthy and i remember him well it got scary fortunately that collapsed finally but weve had one movement after another since the 60s weve had tighter connections it appears to me with specific ideologies or religions and that to me is a more profound and dangerous trend if it is continuing do you think that what happened in the 60s and then the aftershocks in the 70sthe conflicts over civil rights ideological movements some ideological extremism on the leftwas temporary have people come aroundppstrongadstrong well extreme leftism does seem to have become embedded in academiappstrongeowstrong yes it has been in fact im glad you mentioned that ive often said that the only place certain subjects are completely taboo is the university in other words you simply dont bring up race anymore you dont bring up gender differences anymore except very gingerly in a roundabout way and so here at harvard we got rid of president [larry] summers based on his slip about gender differences in physics abilities i dont want overstate it but it is true that farleftist ideology has been pretty well embeddedppstrongadstrong it seems very easy in the internet age to have someone like tierney who is basically a nobody affect a takeover of someones professional identity what he was able to do to neel and chagnon is very disturbingppstrongeowstrong yes nap chagnon got tarred by this takeover of identities and there was almost no way he could defend himselfit was faroff in yanomamland and people were just willing to accept the demonic image it wasnt ypsilanti michigan you knowa place americans had heard of so they could just believe all the things said about what went on there but even before the internet there were colleagues ive had to watch closely out of selfdefense gould and lewontin could change your identity to evil until the end gould was continuing to speak out against studies on human genetics and the biological basis of human behavior at every opportunity he would put the needle inppstrongadstrong gould and lewontin were able to do this because they were so wellknown and beloved by the left that they had lots of opportunities to publish quickly and prominently so they were able to do the kinds of things that later became possible for more obscure people to do via the internetppstrongeowstrong thats rightgould and lewontin could publish fast and easily in the early days of forensic dna analysis lewontin came out with a tremendous blast against it and to my astonishment he actually had a a hrefhttpswwwscienceorgdoi101126science1845040paper published in emscienceema he said that since the odds of making a mistake with an african american was greater than making a mistake with whites forensic dna analysis was racist and should not be used he was talking about how the chances of making a false match by chance alone was one in say 150 million im just making up numbers here to illustrate his point in african americans while in whites it was something like one in 300 million so we shouldnt use the technology of course soon afterwards we saw not people being unjustly convicted but people being freed when their convictions were overturned many of whom were african americans who had been wrongly convicted i use that as an example of how it is possible for a few individuals like tierney or lewontin to do a lot of damage lewontins forensic dna paper was quickly forgotten but in the case of nap chagnon you had a reputation destroyed or close to being destroyedppstrongadstrong well in many ways tierney was aided and abetted by the american anthropological association the aaa convened the el dorado task force which ended up investigating many of tierneys allegations without investigating tierney nap experienced that as a kind of special persecutionppstrongeowstrong i had forgotten that aspect of it thats true the aaa was picking up and amplifying the whole thing the aaa held a meeting around 76 and i was invited to give a talk on sociobiology it was proposed that sociobiology and the whole field be condemned by the aaa margaret mead spoke up and effectively said are you out of your minds and the move to vote to condemn sociobiology failed i remember nap and several others excitedly meeting me as i came in saying well that was a narrow escape the aaa really played a villainous role in the case of nap i wonder if that would be the case todayppstrongadstrong i rather doubt it a lot of the anthropologists ive spoken to feel the entire thing was badly handled they are embarrassed about the aaas handling of the matter particularly with regard to convening the task forceppstrongeowstrong thats another scandalthe task force its shameful this is coming out of academia you know if wed had honest biology somehow rigorously held to as a science wed probablythis is an impossible scenario of coursewe would somehow not have had the pseudoracism and the murderous ideology of the nazis suppose that had been the case if biology had been protected as a science but it was not and not in this country eitherppthat is something that the radical left including homegrown stalinist sympathizers rarely thought about of course there were not many left by my time but the khmer rouge had this notion of the farleftwhich was picked up by the leaders im told in paristhat the human mind could be molded to anything to fit the perfect system what you had to do in cambodia then was bust people out of the evil cities and put them in communes and get rid of all those who had been programmed the wrong way to get a new paradise so on the one extreme you have the idea of the racial purity idea of an aryan people that its all about biology and on the other extreme an idea of the cultural purity of a radical reforming society those are the two extremes and a lot of people suffered because of them they were both based on poor science i guess there are echoes or aftershocks of those ways of thinking stillppstrongadstrong i want to ask you about something related to that obviously both the nazis and the khmer rouge suffered from the naturalistic fallacy some people have objected that you suffer from a naturalistic fallacy in that you attempt to call upon the good in people to work together to take care of each other i wonder how you respond to thatppstrongeowstrong right from the beginning it was said that i commit the naturalistic fallacy and it was always terribly false im now involved in a new development in the theory of the genetic origins of human behavior and it is creating some controversy were shifting emphasis from kin selection to group selection it doesnt make a lot of difference insofar as the goodness of humanity is concerned kin selection leads to nepotism and group conflict and if that is the correct version of course it can be used to commit the naturalistic fallacy but similarly if we look at group selection we have group versus group the contest between groups and group aggression that looks to me like the prime mover of human evolution by the way this idea was first promoted by darwin in a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomdescentmancharlesdarwindp1463645961emtheem emdescent of manema the point is that the naturalistic fallacy is manifestly a fallacy regardless of what view of humanity you take even with the khmer rouge if you conclude that people are infinitely malleable which they did you can do thisandthat because what they are is what they should be and so on no one in their right mind would say such a thing i never did what ive done is to say the oppositeppwhat we have in human nature is our inheritance from a prehistoric past going back millions of years we do have strong predispositionsyou can call them instinctsthat become dangerous in modern society so what we should do is conduct the best research we can in biology and the social sciences and find out what it is to be human and then recognize that these are particular flaws in our nature in a modern technoscientific world and work with that knowledge to pull us on through this is not unlike say trying to find the basis for genetic disease to look for things that make people sick because of mutated genes or pathogens to find out what causes sickness would you then say this sickness is the way things should be because is is ought that is crazy but the naturalistic fallacy is equally crazy in terms of human natureppthe way ive characterized thismost recently in a meeting of the congress on innovation and american progress in washingtonis that we live in a civilization like the emstar warsem movie series we have paleolithic emotions medieval institutions and godlike technology thats a huge problem were not going to keep our balance and figure out the right things to do as long as we dont understand or even accept that our emotions are paleolithic and that they have an evolved basis we have to figure out how our institutions came about and decide whether or not they are really viable for us whether or not we are going to be viable with them and start moving in the right directions and that includes a lot of religious institutions weve finally come to realize that religious belief is very dangerous especially when people are willing to say that something is gods will were suffering from that idea all the timeppi want to hammer at this i have not committed the naturalist fallacy and never even thought of it i see exactly the opposite as being the caseppstrongadstrong it must have been extremely frustrating to witness again and again blatant misrepresentations of your work by colleagues who ought to have known betterppstrongeowstrong it was blatantly unethical basically they were seized by a kind of moral imperative they believed what they said or at least they believed their assumptions about the blank slateppstrongadstrong and they were rewarded for it clearly people like gould and lewontin were rewarded for what they did to you and your workppstrongeowstrong thats why i have a certain cynical feeling towards gould gould was going around attacking racists wherever he found them especially in the early part of his career he was the great antiracism crusader he acted as though other scientists were all racists or incipient racists he almost implied that he was the champion who would step out of science as a scientist and fight racism everywhere he had a technique i knew him when he was a graduate student following me around he used to be very polite and solicitous i watched him develop into a very different kind of personpphe had a technique he repeated he would examine some 19th century figureone of his favorites was louis agassiz at harvard a heroic figure a founder of the national academy of sciences a man favored by lincoln and grant then gould would discover a horrorthat agassiz was a racist or that he believed in the inferiority of blacksand he would eviscerate him but he would not note this was an almost universal misunderstanding or belief in 19thcentury american society but that was okay louis agassizs reputation could hold up but then gould had a way of saying this deeply racist sentiment has not disappeared at all in modern biology we find it among some modern biologists that gave him the launching point to start attacking human geneticsppgould hated human genetics and he would go after sociobiology which sent him into angry fits and he was massively rewarded he flourished students crowded into his classrooms this was in the critical years of the 70s and 80s hed give speeches about racism and about his paleontology too but he was giving lectures and holding forth in reviews constantly about the racism that pervaded american science and the dangers of genetic and biological behavior studies he received one honorary degree after another he became famous as a consequence so it was rather hard to distinguish what was his pure belief from his personal ambitions they made him rich and famousppstrongadstrong i met [harvard professor of biology] ruth hubbard years agoit would have been around 2001 or 2002and i asked her privately what gould was like she said he had become a very unpleasant person i got the sense she had put definite distance between him and herppstrongeowstrong that is really interesting i dont know where ruth is now i always thought of her as burning with a pure fire she believed all of this she was dedicated in an honest way to all of this she was doing other things too she was putting herself into civil rights movement she was an early environmental activist she was on the wrong side of the problem that culminated in naps difficulties but at least she was sincere ppstrongadstrong i met lewontin briefly in grad school he was brought in to give a talk i thought it was very odd here was a guy who was an intense marxist who spent so much time rallying on behalf of the proletariat who was all about the class struggle and he struck me absolutely as a bmwdriving cambridgeliving romancelanguagephrasedropping snobppstrongeowstrong you got that ive never fully figured him out i used to joke that when things got too hot he could go to his dacha like a member of the soviet leadership he has a place up in vermont and he could go and be safe there he was and remains a rather amazing person he seems to be quite capable of living that kind of contradiction during the 60s we always thought that he seemed alright he was doing some authentic science but then around 1970 just about the time that he came to harvard he went through this strange transformation and seemed to have become a true believer he used words like the proletariat he was suddenly using the favorite catchphrases of the communists he talked about the running dogs of capitalism but he was always a brilliant speaker when he was in high school his friends tell me he was brilliant as an actor in stage plays his friends thought he would go into theatre and that seemed to me to be what we were getting a kind of persona he created and finally came to believe in ppill tell you a story about all of this around 1970 we were searching for someone in population genetics he looked very good then and he had this brilliant personality in conversation this brilliant presentation a real theatrical power the search committee decided he was the best person but this was after he had just adopted his political and public persona and he was known to be joining protests i remember watching a news report one day about the takeover of a stage at the university of chicago where some government functionary had come to speak at the height of the antiwar protests and to my astonishment i saw dick lewontin rush up and take the microphoneppwe had a meeting to take the final vote on lewontin at harvard and a group of the older professors said they were worried about reports of his behavior at chicagothat he might be disruptive or might have gotten away from genetics and so would not be the right sort of person to be at harvard i made the speech i will regret for the rest of my life i said we should never accept or reject someone because of their political views i felt so good about myself making that political speech i know several key people at chicago on the faculty i said let me ask them about the key question is lewontins new political activism affecting his performance at the university of chicago or affecting anything connected with his duties and they said okay ask and let us knowppso i called several people who i knew personally we were all young guys then and they all said no its not causing any problems here hes doing fine that turned out not to be the case i reported that and lewontin came and then our troubles with him began i could tell you stories about him and the department that would make for a hilarious evening but i wont except to say that the whole antisociobiology thing broke out about three years after he arrived it was gould and lewontin and ruth hubbard mostly oriented by lewontin looking to attack sociobiology and to discredit meppi held up in response to those attacks i wrote ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomhumannaturenewprefacereviseddp0674016386on human natureaem which came out in 78 and it won a pulitzer prize which helped strengthen my position considerably i was increasingly confident in my own reputation and my security at harvard i wrote [entomologist] john law who was then a close friend who had done work with me on pheromones i said john weve had dick lewontin here three yearsso this would have been about 76so now its your turn to take him back for three years john sent back a message on a scrap of paper written by the president of the university of chicago who was also named wilson coincidentally the note said from one wilson to another no way apparently they had already been having real problems with himppi dont know exactly what happened no one seems to understand what happened with him i wish i could tell youppstrongadstrong you said earlierrightly i thinkthat the misrepresentation of your work by people like gould and lewontin was unethical did you ever name their misrepresentation of you as suchppstrongeowstrong i never used the word scientists dont use that word in a hrefhttpswwwnybookscomarticles19751211forsociobiologymy first responsea to the a hrefhttpswwwnybookscomarticles19751113againstsociobiologyletter in the emnew york review of booksema i responded with more anger than i probably should have demonstrated saying that these were false statements i didnt say they were unethicalppstrongadstrong why didnt youppstrongeowstrong its really quite rare for people to cheat and falsify data in science a lot is made of it but it is really a rather rare event i think it is partly due to the fact that you go into science primarily to actually engage in the whole culture to be a scientist thats all based upon a strict code of honesty in reporting not to be too priggish about it further every person in science knows that if they have even the slightest inclination to be dishonest theyre going to get caught and soon and the more important the discovery the quicker it will be found the penalty for dishonesty in science is [reputational] death even one act of it can result in death thats why i would never have said that they are dishonest i said that they are wrong and that they are misrepresenting me but i didnt say they were personally being dishonestppstrongadstrong did you think then that the charge was too serious for what they were doing or that you didnt want to get them in troubleppstrongeowstrong if i had called them dishonest or unethical i would have opened myself up to charges and countercharges when youre engaged in a contest with someone there are certain lethal moves and practices that you dont engage in its done in literature i know in the humanities and social sciences there are accusations of dishonesty in those fields fairly regularly but i didnt want to open that can of worms or get into that territoryppstrongadstrong i have noticed that about you and your work you tend to be productive and civil personality seems to matter a lot in these controversies to use a term that some anthropologists or psychologists use i would say that it is characterological some people are well shall we say warriors and that makes them more likely to get into scrapes you tend to try to be conciliatory productive and especially civilppstrongeowstrong i like to say im a southerner i felt somehow it was bred into me that i should be a gentleman and i expect others to be the same but i quickly learned as i say in emthe creationem that if you use moderation and reserve and courtesy youll be the victor in any vicious fight you also have to have the answers and the truth on your side but i felt like thats the winning strategy i think it is an honest strategy too i felt the evangelicals are good people and ive always asked myself how to deal with people like this who i like in every respect theyre smart theyre good and there is a certain area that says keep out how do you handle thatppstrongadstrong imagine for a moment that you are watching a younger version of yourself struggle with a younger version of gould and lewontin how would you advise that younger version of youppstrongeow strongi think i would tell him to ignore it pay attention i mean and respond if there is some really scurrilous thing being said but as much as possible ignore it and keep working and youll win in the end i know it isnt easy during fights i always said to myself dont get into a pissing contest with a skunk if you ask me what i most resent about that period looking back now i think the answer is the amount of time i wasted i spent countless hours talking with journalists who were writing stories about all this theyd come to me and say well professor lewontin just said soandso professor gould just said soandso or ive read in the latest thing that theyve said this what do you say to that i felt that i couldnt sit by and let them declare me to be a racist and a protonazi i couldnt just say no comment so i wasted enormous amounts of energy and time i could have used for something much more valuable so my advice would be this too shall pass ignore it as much as you can conduct yourself with dignity and with courtesy and let it passppthe dean or the president of harvard never called me in and asked me to straighten myself out they never said youre giving harvard a bad name it was the other way around in the 70s before lewontin came after me he had gone after some other people richard herrnstein was a very good psychologist who had written an article or two on human iq and the evidence regarding iq tests he was studying iq and heritability which in those days was a really taboo subject he made himself a target even though he was a decent man whose best work was done in learning behavior of pigeons he did excellent work with skinnerpplewontin personally picked him out and started badgering him encouraging others on the faculty who were on the radical fringe to protest against him when lewontin found out that herrnstein had been invited to give a lecture or serve on a committee lewontin would call them up and tell them not to have himppstrongadstrong thats really awfulppstrongeowstrong well this was happening it got so bad people knew about it at harvard herrnstein wasnt the only professor being followed around by protesters stirred up with wrong ideas the dean of the faculty at the time henry rosovsky formed a committee and i was invited to be on itthis was before i had my runin so maybe it was 73 or 74 we met in the deans office to discuss how to protect richard herrnstein from lewontin and others there were a couple of others who had joined in the pursuit the conclusion was that there was nothing we could do we were committed to freedom of speech so what could we do but we called in herrnstein for our second meeting and told him we understood what was happening and regretted it very much and if he needed counseling or support that we could give it to him without risking the principle of academic freedom and that this committee would be there ready to help him im sorry that didnt get written up anywhere but thats what happened at the timeppstrongadstrong thats really remarkableppstrongeowstrong unfortunately i dont know of any written record of it its probably in the minutes of the deans office somewhereppstrongadstrong did you ever find that kind of support at harvardppstrongeowstrong unfortunately not in fact i had several close friends in the organismic and evolutionary biology department who would sometimes speak to me and just say they were sorry it was happening one was my close colleague bert hlldobler we were working all the time together in the lab and field we would spend long periods of time talking about it and trying to figure it out trying to understand lewontin he gave me his unstinting support and made that clear to lewontin and othersppbut no one else said anything or did anything i think they kind of werent 100 percent sure about me they thought maybe there was something to what lewontin or gould were saying no one ever offered any sympathy or any kind of help at one point when lewontin had unleashed some outrageous statement [evolutionary biologist] ernst mayr read it and asked lewontin why are you doing this why are you attacking ed all the time and mayr told me that lewontin had said in effect well its just my nature or personalityppstrongadstrong that would be pretty darned ironic if he said it was just his natureppstrongeowstrong he didnt know what else to say to mayr i think he didnt want to get into a fight with him mayr never offered me sympathy personally on two occasions lewontin approached me after a department of biology faculty meeting and said that he wanted me to know that his attacks on me were not personal or motivated by professional jealousy they were motivated by his ideological beliefs he said that to me twiceppstrongadstrong what was your responseppstrongeowstrong i cant remember i think i just said thank you dick it was beyond professional jealousy he said so i accepted what he said obviously we should have standards of civilityppstrongadstrong you mentioned your correspondence with norton regarding tierneys book expressing your concerns i wonder if you kept thatppstrongeowstrong after all this settled down i moved from knopf to norton partly because of a brilliant editor ive been working with the person i corresponded with was mcfeely i think there was a twist there i didnt pledge at the time that i would not go with norton i still feel that norton and mcfeely made a mistake if i feel that it doesnt stir up too much i think i simply told mcfeely at the time that tierneys book is a pack of lies that its false and something should be done about it it put them on the spot i dont know if it changed any of their policiesppstrongadstrong norton refuses to answer any questions from me which i expected i do know the book became a finalist for the national book award which is outrageousppstrongeowstrong that is very disturbing but im solid with norton now ive sort of forgiven them but if i find theyre considering another book by tierney im going to remind them of the fiascoppstrongadstrong you are one of the few people on the planet with that kind of ability that kind of leveragep

img alta conversation eo wilson 19292021 srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202112gettyimages4543352322jpgpppemnote pioneering american biologist edward o wilson passed away december 26th aged 92 following interview conducted phone august 24th 2009 alice dregers research book ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomgalileosmiddlefingerhereticsactivistsdp0143108115galileos middle fingeraem text lightly edited length fluencyemppstrongalice dreger strongi know youve spoken times like begin asking session 1978 aaas [american association advancement science] conference rushed stage protester emptied pitcher water head accounts talk gave measured earth able remain calm physically assaultedppstrongedward o wilsonstrong think scientist modern times physically attacked idea idea biological human nature abhorrent demonstrators fact radical time lot peopleprobably social scientists certainly farleft accepted dogma blankslate view human mindthat think contingency based instinct like bodily functions urge reproducing people believe result historical accidents events history development personality experienceppthat firmly believed 1978 wide population particularly political left thought time raising specter biological basis human behavior wrong justification war sexism racism biological gender differences justify sexism imputation evolved human nature human qualities differ race dangerously racistppso furious ideologically based opposition built 1978 opposition fanned small number academics including [paleontologist] stephen jay gould [evolutionary biologist] richard lewontin harvard faculty thought dangerous idea said people helped organize socalled science people movement branch called sociobiology study group purpose discredit personally having brought dangerous destructive ideappin fact meeting incarthe international committee racismheld signs condemning sociobiology racism general course racism entered thinking developing ideas dumped water amazingly returned seats drying couple people short speechesmost notably stephen gould people guy agitation inflammatory essays partly responsible addressed demonstrators said effect fully understood motivation violence right way achieve goalsppas dont know calm lot stress ive sort stressful situation times especially field started thinking probably going historical moment interesting wasnt doubt science correct knew kind aberration understood source knew people chief thinkers ideological leaders astonishingly good percentage faculty harvard wasnt concerned come long termppso found paper towel dried head soon things settled read talk knew things going work outthere evidence accumulated somewhat programmed human brain coming directions including genetics neuroscience doubt things holdouts inevitable conclusion neuroscience anthropology genetics way thinking [american anthropologist] nap[oleon] chagnon present certainly leader thinking human nature valuable motivations studying groups like yanomamppi knew history young thought live good annoyed wasnt stress extreme way going home went session anthropologist mistake stating believe cultural difference genetic basis racist course rebutted kind thing exchanged meetingppstrongadstrong nap told story aaas recalled broken legppstrongeowstrong oh thats right runner slipped ice broken ankle hobbling cast commotion mainly resistance vietnam war think gut issue lot student demonstrations occurred amazing decade civil rights revolution got blended lot action like students taking stages protesting context event aaas wasnt totally surprisingppstrongadstrong napoleon chagnon told tried support ways yearsppstrongeowstrong admired enormously admire work yanomam apart fact picked sociobiology immediately started applying thinking darwinian fitness originality work admirable based solid empirical research role vengeance raids interest acquiring women empirical theme research studied genealogy pedigrees people help blood samples novel important research represented new anthropology new cultural anthropology finally beginning hold probably know school thinking rejects biological research kind chagnon pioneered admirable way entered yanomam society period great risk uncertainty violent people admirer met himppin memoir youll photograph meeting human behavior evolution society photograph founders sociobiology people photo including bill hamilton nap leader movement warrior meeting aaas soon people took stage tried rush fight couldnt way melee couldnt help think heroic real friendppstrongadstrong chagnon said subject controversy [journalist patrick tierneys 2000 book] ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomdarknessdoradoscientistsjournalistsdevastateddp0393322750dp0393322750darkness el doradoaem called regularly check offer support [tierney falsely accused chagnon colleague geneticist james neel conducting unethical fieldwork yanomam tribe exacerbating measles epidemic amazon basin]ppstrongeowstrong thats right talking 10 years ago rightppstrongadstrong yes aboutppstrongeowstrong group came naps defense time prestige offer help member national academy national medal science pulitzer cards table help deserved thought thing gladly like [american anthropologist john] tooby people helped evolutionary psychology ppothers outraged threats passed ww norton careful publishing clearly libelous book tragedy james neela established senior scientist member national academy sciences leader human geneticswas subject libelous attack tierneys book died lived things lot easier nap brought suit tierney maybe norton cleansed thing public neel gone learned shock libel suits conducted family person libeled thats amazing isnt family kind helpless didnt public voice weightppwe hell fuss wrote pointed letter president norton [w drake] mcfeely exchange wasnt good faith didnt book wrong didnt want print allow breach formed later libel suit died downppnap thought normally gone ferocity sort lose spirit time certain guilty misdemeanors crimes tierney accused long talks time strong response community owed nap hand nap immediately wanted write true story happened studies james neel written books describing adventures needed write book described work technical papers earlier books wasnt form serve rebuttal tierney book surprise nap didnt publish year let slide reasons maybe understand better didnt thisppstrongadstrong nap finishing memoir im sure going situate story larger context happens cases like thatppstrongeowstrong im glad youre working needs larger context wonderful thing dont know want come right bush administration evangelical advances knownothings attacks science decide situations chose write ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomcreationappealsavelifeearthdp0393330486the creationaem book set confound fundamentaliststhats thousand times virtually effectbut help far effect evangelicals volumes like richard dawkins condemning religion brushed aside said secular humanist began letter imaginary pastor said going save life earth science religion work togetherppstrongadstrong things admire work try constructive think effective mere criticismyou work moving people act longterm divisions ask somewhereppstrongeowstrong think work productive helped evangelicals decisively conservation left environmentalists scientistswhat rush limbaugh expert climate change called granolacrunching treehuggersare necessarily dangerous threat thought aggressive understand evangelicals circle wagons afraid happenings form nonthreatening alliance transcendent purpose forward thats wrote book 42 percent american people rallied environment particularly conservation thats lot progress invited meeting heads mormon church met presidents officeppstrongadstrong recently utahppstrongeowstrong talk natural history museum elders invited meeting worked awfully meeting principal bishop day wonderful things people reason come know protesters especially young woman dumped water head come forward im sorry violent dinner enjoy talking today thats way outpphowever attack nap chagnon different motivated pure ideologymaybe tierney felt strike blow ideology tearing like chagnon impression opportunist saw way famous moneyppstrongadstrong think extent tierney opportunist sort think zealot saw kind savior marginalized peoplesomeone save world speak think different probably way gould saw ultimately selfdefeating approachto committed stop looking believeppstrongeowstrong ultimately selfdefeating gould maybe dick lewontin tooppstrongadstrong think gould saw route wellknown belovedppstrongeowstrong said gould correct knew know sought fame riches sought thats interesting subject right love read tierneys backgroundppstrongadstrong interesting character located read book manuscript published sort memoir reveals lot allegiances certainly saw good catholic boy positioned sociobiology meant bizarrely explanation human behavior saw sex drive motivationppstrongeowstrong sounds coming right highly conservative view biologyppstrongadstrong im sure missionaries correctly classified right ways left terms focus poor disenfranchised hard saw saving poor indiansppstrongeowstrong religious orders centuries help spanish soldiers gathered libraries mayans burned codices leftppthis real stresses strains democratic society frightening sort thing happen america come scares second world war warning signs excuse second world war confinement japanese americans sign national trend getting worse emergency response wrong time mccarthy remember got scary fortunately collapsed finally weve movement 60s weve tighter connections appears specific ideologies religions profound dangerous trend continuing think happened 60s aftershocks 70sthe conflicts civil rights ideological movements ideological extremism leftwas temporary people come aroundppstrongadstrong extreme leftism embedded academiappstrongeowstrong yes fact im glad mentioned ive said place certain subjects completely taboo university words simply dont bring race anymore dont bring gender differences anymore gingerly roundabout way harvard got rid president [larry] summers based slip gender differences physics abilities dont want overstate true farleftist ideology pretty embeddedppstrongadstrong easy internet age like tierney basically affect takeover someones professional identity able neel chagnon disturbingppstrongeowstrong yes nap chagnon got tarred takeover identities way defend himselfit faroff yanomamland people willing accept demonic image wasnt ypsilanti michigan knowa place americans heard believe things said went internet colleagues ive watch closely selfdefense gould lewontin change identity evil end gould continuing speak studies human genetics biological basis human behavior opportunity needle inppstrongadstrong gould lewontin able wellknown beloved left lots opportunities publish quickly prominently able kinds things later possible obscure people internetppstrongeowstrong thats rightgould lewontin publish fast easily early days forensic dna analysis lewontin came tremendous blast astonishment actually hrefhttpswwwscienceorgdoi101126science1845040paper published emscienceema said odds making mistake african american greater making mistake whites forensic dna analysis racist talking chances making false match chance 150 million im making numbers illustrate point african americans whites like 300 million shouldnt use technology course soon saw people unjustly convicted people freed convictions overturned african americans wrongly convicted use example possible individuals like tierney lewontin lot damage lewontins forensic dna paper quickly forgotten case nap chagnon reputation destroyed close destroyedppstrongadstrong ways tierney aided abetted american anthropological association aaa convened el dorado task force ended investigating tierneys allegations investigating tierney nap experienced kind special persecutionppstrongeowstrong forgotten aspect thats true aaa picking amplifying thing aaa held meeting 76 invited talk sociobiology proposed sociobiology field condemned aaa margaret mead spoke effectively said minds vote condemn sociobiology failed remember nap excitedly meeting came saying narrow escape aaa played villainous role case nap wonder case todayppstrongadstrong doubt lot anthropologists ive spoken feel entire thing badly handled embarrassed aaas handling matter particularly regard convening task forceppstrongeowstrong thats scandalthe task force shameful coming academia know wed honest biology rigorously held science wed probablythis impossible scenario coursewe pseudoracism murderous ideology nazis suppose case biology protected science country eitherppthat radical left including homegrown stalinist sympathizers rarely thought course left time khmer rouge notion farleftwhich picked leaders im told paristhat human mind molded fit perfect system cambodia bust people evil cities communes rid programmed wrong way new paradise extreme idea racial purity idea aryan people biology extreme idea cultural purity radical reforming society extremes lot people suffered based poor science guess echoes aftershocks ways thinking stillppstrongadstrong want ask related obviously nazis khmer rouge suffered naturalistic fallacy people objected suffer naturalistic fallacy attempt good people work care wonder respond thatppstrongeowstrong right beginning said commit naturalistic fallacy terribly false im involved new development theory genetic origins human behavior creating controversy shifting emphasis kin selection group selection doesnt lot difference insofar goodness humanity concerned kin selection leads nepotism group conflict correct version course commit naturalistic fallacy similarly look group selection group versus group contest groups group aggression looks like prime mover human evolution way idea promoted darwin hrefhttpswwwamazoncomdescentmancharlesdarwindp1463645961emtheem emdescent manema point naturalistic fallacy manifestly fallacy regardless view humanity khmer rouge conclude people infinitely malleable thisandthat right mind thing ive oppositeppwhat human nature inheritance prehistoric past going millions years strong predispositionsyou instinctsthat dangerous modern society conduct best research biology social sciences find human recognize particular flaws nature modern technoscientific world work knowledge pull unlike trying find basis genetic disease look things people sick mutated genes pathogens find causes sickness sickness way things ought crazy naturalistic fallacy equally crazy terms human natureppthe way ive characterized thismost recently meeting congress innovation american progress washingtonis live civilization like emstar warsem movie series paleolithic emotions medieval institutions godlike technology thats huge problem going balance figure right things long dont understand accept emotions paleolithic evolved basis figure institutions came decide viable going viable start moving right directions includes lot religious institutions weve finally come realize religious belief dangerous especially people willing gods suffering idea timeppi want hammer committed naturalist fallacy thought exactly opposite caseppstrongadstrong extremely frustrating witness blatant misrepresentations work colleagues ought known betterppstrongeowstrong blatantly unethical basically seized kind moral imperative believed said believed assumptions blank slateppstrongadstrong rewarded clearly people like gould lewontin rewarded workppstrongeowstrong thats certain cynical feeling gould gould going attacking racists found especially early career great antiracism crusader acted scientists racists incipient racists implied champion step science scientist fight racism technique knew graduate student following polite solicitous watched develop different kind personpphe technique repeated examine 19th century figureone favorites louis agassiz harvard heroic figure founder national academy sciences man favored lincoln grant gould discover horrorthat agassiz racist believed inferiority blacksand eviscerate note universal misunderstanding belief 19thcentury american society okay louis agassizs reputation hold gould way saying deeply racist sentiment disappeared modern biology find modern biologists gave launching point start attacking human geneticsppgould hated human genetics sociobiology sent angry fits massively rewarded flourished students crowded classrooms critical years 70s 80s hed speeches racism paleontology giving lectures holding forth reviews constantly racism pervaded american science dangers genetic biological behavior studies received honorary degree famous consequence hard distinguish pure belief personal ambitions rich famousppstrongadstrong met [harvard professor biology] ruth hubbard years agoit 2001 2002and asked privately gould like said unpleasant person got sense definite distance herppstrongeowstrong interesting dont know ruth thought burning pure fire believed dedicated honest way things putting civil rights movement early environmental activist wrong problem culminated naps difficulties sincere ppstrongadstrong met lewontin briefly grad school brought talk thought odd guy intense marxist spent time rallying behalf proletariat class struggle struck absolutely bmwdriving cambridgeliving romancelanguagephrasedropping snobppstrongeowstrong got ive fully figured joke things got hot dacha like member soviet leadership place vermont safe remains amazing person capable living kind contradiction 60s thought alright authentic science 1970 time came harvard went strange transformation true believer words like proletariat suddenly favorite catchphrases communists talked running dogs capitalism brilliant speaker high school friends tell brilliant actor stage plays friends thought theatre getting kind persona created finally came believe ppill tell story 1970 searching population genetics looked good brilliant personality conversation brilliant presentation real theatrical power search committee decided best person adopted political public persona known joining protests remember watching news report day takeover stage university chicago government functionary come speak height antiwar protests astonishment saw dick lewontin rush microphoneppwe meeting final vote lewontin harvard group older professors said worried reports behavior chicagothat disruptive gotten away genetics right sort person harvard speech regret rest life said accept reject political views felt good making political speech know key people chicago faculty said let ask key question lewontins new political activism affecting performance university chicago affecting connected duties said okay ask let knowppso called people knew personally young guys said causing problems hes fine turned case reported lewontin came troubles began tell stories department hilarious evening wont antisociobiology thing broke years arrived gould lewontin ruth hubbard oriented lewontin looking attack sociobiology discredit meppi held response attacks wrote ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomhumannaturenewprefacereviseddp0674016386on human natureaem came 78 won pulitzer prize helped strengthen position considerably increasingly confident reputation security harvard wrote [entomologist] john law close friend work pheromones said john weve dick lewontin yearsso 76so turn years john sent message scrap paper written president university chicago named wilson coincidentally note said wilson way apparently having real problems himppi dont know exactly happened understand happened wish tell youppstrongadstrong said earlierrightly thinkthat misrepresentation work people like gould lewontin unethical misrepresentation suchppstrongeowstrong word scientists dont use word hrefhttpswwwnybookscomarticles19751211forsociobiologymy responsea hrefhttpswwwnybookscomarticles19751113againstsociobiologyletter emnew york review booksema responded anger probably demonstrated saying false statements didnt unethicalppstrongadstrong didnt youppstrongeowstrong rare people cheat falsify data science lot rare event think partly fact science primarily actually engage culture scientist thats based strict code honesty reporting priggish person science knows slightest inclination dishonest theyre going caught soon important discovery quicker found penalty dishonesty science [reputational] death act result death thats said dishonest said wrong misrepresenting didnt personally dishonestppstrongadstrong think charge didnt want troubleppstrongeowstrong called dishonest unethical opened charges countercharges youre engaged contest certain lethal moves practices dont engage literature know humanities social sciences accusations dishonesty fields fairly regularly didnt want open worms territoryppstrongadstrong noticed work tend productive civil personality matter lot controversies use term anthropologists psychologists use characterological people shall warriors makes likely scrapes tend try conciliatory productive especially civilppstrongeowstrong like im southerner felt bred gentleman expect quickly learned emthe creationem use moderation reserve courtesy youll victor vicious fight answers truth felt like thats winning strategy think honest strategy felt evangelicals good people ive asked deal people like like respect theyre smart theyre good certain area says handle thatppstrongadstrong imagine moment watching younger version struggle younger version gould lewontin advise younger version youppstrongeow strongi think tell ignore pay attention mean respond scurrilous thing said possible ignore working youll win end know isnt easy fights said dont pissing contest skunk ask resent period looking think answer time wasted spent countless hours talking journalists writing stories theyd come professor lewontin said soandso professor gould said soandso ive read latest thing theyve said felt couldnt sit let declare racist protonazi couldnt comment wasted enormous amounts energy time valuable advice shall pass ignore conduct dignity courtesy let passppthe dean president harvard called asked straighten said youre giving harvard bad way 70s lewontin came gone people richard herrnstein good psychologist written article human iq evidence iq tests studying iq heritability days taboo subject target decent man best work learning behavior pigeons excellent work skinnerpplewontin personally picked started badgering encouraging faculty radical fringe protest lewontin found herrnstein invited lecture serve committee lewontin tell himppstrongadstrong thats awfulppstrongeowstrong happening got bad people knew harvard herrnstein wasnt professor followed protesters stirred wrong ideas dean faculty time henry rosovsky formed committee invited itthis runin maybe 73 74 met deans office discuss protect richard herrnstein lewontin couple joined pursuit conclusion committed freedom speech called herrnstein second meeting told understood happening regretted needed counseling support risking principle academic freedom committee ready help im sorry didnt written thats happened timeppstrongadstrong thats remarkableppstrongeowstrong unfortunately dont know written record probably minutes deans office somewhereppstrongadstrong find kind support harvardppstrongeowstrong unfortunately fact close friends organismic evolutionary biology department speak sorry happening close colleague bert hlldobler working time lab field spend long periods time talking trying figure trying understand lewontin gave unstinting support clear lewontin othersppbut said think kind werent 100 percent sure thought maybe lewontin gould saying offered sympathy kind help point lewontin unleashed outrageous statement [evolutionary biologist] ernst mayr read asked lewontin attacking ed time mayr told lewontin said effect nature personalityppstrongadstrong pretty darned ironic said natureppstrongeowstrong didnt know mayr think didnt want fight mayr offered sympathy personally occasions lewontin approached department biology faculty meeting said wanted know attacks personal motivated professional jealousy motivated ideological beliefs said twiceppstrongadstrong responseppstrongeowstrong cant remember think said thank dick professional jealousy said accepted said obviously standards civilityppstrongadstrong mentioned correspondence norton tierneys book expressing concerns wonder kept thatppstrongeowstrong settled moved knopf norton partly brilliant editor ive working person corresponded mcfeely think twist didnt pledge time norton feel norton mcfeely mistake feel doesnt stir think simply told mcfeely time tierneys book pack lies false spot dont know changed policiesppstrongadstrong norton refuses answer questions expected know book finalist national book award outrageousppstrongeowstrong disturbing im solid norton ive sort forgiven find theyre considering book tierney im going remind fiascoppstrongadstrong people planet kind ability kind leveragep

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N.Y. Rationing COVID Drugs Based on Race

pthats from the a hrefhttpwwwmssnyenewsorgwpcontentuploads202112122821_notification_107774pdfny state department of health dec 27 2021a the full listp pimg sizesmaxwidth 792px 100vw 792px srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgq60uploads202112nyracialrationingjpg alt width792 srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgq60uploads202112nyracialrationingjpg 792w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgq60uploads202112nyracialrationing300x133jpg 300w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgq60uploads202112nyracialrationing768x339jpg 768w classwpimage8164301 height350p pas a hrefhttpsgreenwaldsubstackcompnewyorkisusingracetodetermineglenn greenwalda points outp blockquotepthat means that a healthy twentyyearold asian football player or a 17yearold africanamerican marathon runner from a wealthy family will be automatically deemed at heightened risk to develop serious covid illnessmaking them instantly eligible for monoclonal treatments upon testing positive and showing symptomswhile a white person of exactly the same age and health condition from an impoverished background would not be automatically eligiblep pthis policy was a rel hrefhttpstwittercomkarolstatus1476735058824339457s20first flaggeda by new york journalist karol markowicz whose twitter summary described it as quotwhite people need not applyquot that summary is not accurate white people who are sick from covid can still be eligible for antibody treatment but emonly if they first demonstrateem that they have quota medical condition that increase[s] their risk for severe illnessquot but nonwhite people have the significant advantage of being emautomatically eligibleem without having to demonstrate that since their nonwhite race is deemed to inherently constitute an increased risk of severe illness or death from covid19 in other words when determining eligibility for lifesaving treatments new york state is explicitly prioritizing some races over otherspblockquote pfor more of greenwalds detailed analysis see a hrefhttpsgreenwaldsubstackcompnewyorkisusingracetodetermineherea thanks to a hrefhttpslibertyunyieldingcom20211230bidenadministrationcutsofflifesavingantibodytreatmentsofficialsrestricttreatmentbasedonracehans bader liberty unyieldinga for the pointer as he points out such use of race as a hrefhttpsscholargooglecomscholar_casecase10352091516525886544a proxya for supposed greater riskinstead of focusing on the more directly relevant factors quota hrefhttpsscholargooglecomscholar_casecase1651344272115134809raceneutral alternativesaquot in doctrinal terms such as underlying medical conditions vaccination status lack of access to good alternative care or the likewould violate the equal protection clause in this situationp pupdate my ucla colleague prof john villasenor points out this provision of the a hrefhttpswwwnysenategovsitesdefaultfilesckeditoroct21ny_state_constitution_2021pdfnew york constitutionap blockquotep11 no person shall be denied the equal protection of the laws of this state or any subdivision thereof no person shall because of race color creed or religion be subjected to any discrimination in his or her civil rights by any other person or by any firm corporation or institution or by the state or any agency or subdivision of the statepblockquote pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomvolokh20211231nyrationingcoviddrugsbasedonraceny rationing covid drugs based on racea appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

pthats hrefhttpwwwmssnyenewsorgwpcontentuploads202112122821_notification_107774pdfny state department health dec 27 2021a listp pimg sizesmaxwidth 792px 100vw 792px srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgq60uploads202112nyracialrationingjpg alt width792 srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgq60uploads202112nyracialrationingjpg 792w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgq60uploads202112nyracialrationing300x133jpg 300w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgq60uploads202112nyracialrationing768x339jpg 768w classwpimage8164301 height350p pas hrefhttpsgreenwaldsubstackcompnewyorkisusingracetodetermineglenn greenwalda points outp blockquotepthat means healthy twentyyearold asian football player 17yearold africanamerican marathon runner wealthy family automatically deemed heightened risk develop covid illnessmaking instantly eligible monoclonal treatments testing positive showing symptomswhile white person exactly age health condition impoverished background automatically eligiblep pthis policy wasa rel hrefhttpstwittercomkarolstatus1476735058824339457s20first flaggedaby new york journalist karol markowicz twitter summary described quotwhite people need applyquot summary accurate white people sick covid eligible antibody treatment butemonly demonstrateemthat quota medical condition increase[s] risk severe illnessquot nonwhite people significant advantage beingemautomatically eligibleemwithout having demonstrate nonwhite race deemed inherently constitute increased risk severe illness death covid19 words determining eligibility lifesaving treatments new york state explicitly prioritizing races otherspblockquote pfor greenwalds detailed analysis hrefhttpsgreenwaldsubstackcompnewyorkisusingracetodetermineherea thanks hrefhttpslibertyunyieldingcom20211230bidenadministrationcutsofflifesavingantibodytreatmentsofficialsrestricttreatmentbasedonracehans bader liberty unyieldinga pointer points use race hrefhttpsscholargooglecomscholar_casecase10352091516525886544a proxya supposed greater riskinstead focusing directly relevant factors quota hrefhttpsscholargooglecomscholar_casecase1651344272115134809raceneutral alternativesaquot doctrinal terms underlying medical conditions vaccination status lack access good alternative care likewould violate equal protection clause situationp pupdate ucla colleague prof john villasenor points provision hrefhttpswwwnysenategovsitesdefaultfilesckeditoroct21ny_state_constitution_2021pdfnew york constitutionap blockquotep11 person shall denied equal protection laws state subdivision thereof person shall race color creed religion subjected discrimination civil rights person firm corporation institution state agency subdivision statepblockquote pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomvolokh20211231nyrationingcoviddrugsbasedonraceny rationing covid drugs based racea appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

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Ethnic discrimination on Airbnb

blockquotepwe use data from airbnb to identify the mechanisms underlying discrimination against ethnic minority hosts within the same neighborhood hosts from minority groups charge 32 percent less for comparable listings since ratings provide guests with increasingly rich information about a listings quality we can measure the contribution of statistical discrimination building upon altonji and pierret 2001 we find that statistical discrimination can account for the whole ethnic price gap ethnic gaps would disappear if all unobservables were revealed also threequarters 25 points of the initial ethnic gap can be attributed to inaccurate beliefs of potential guests about hosts average group qualitypblockquote pthat is from a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwaeaweborgarticlespdfdoi101257app20190188etoc1__utmz13214375163708900722utmcsr3dgoogle7cutmccn3d28organic297cutmcmd3dorganic7cutmctr3d28notprovided29__utma1321437515850073641636840621163831503616390613035 target_blanka newly published papera aea by morgane laounan and roland rathelotp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112ethnicdiscriminationonairbnbhtmlethnic discrimination on airbnba appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

blockquotepwe use data airbnb identify mechanisms underlying discrimination ethnic minority hosts neighborhood hosts minority groups charge 32 percent comparable listings ratings provide guests increasingly rich information listings quality measure contribution statistical discrimination building altonji pierret 2001 find statistical discrimination account ethnic price gap ethnic gaps disappear unobservables revealed threequarters 25 points initial ethnic gap attributed inaccurate beliefs potential guests hosts average group qualitypblockquote pthat relnoopener hrefhttpswwwaeaweborgarticlespdfdoi101257app20190188etoc1__utmz13214375163708900722utmcsr3dgoogle7cutmccn3d28organic297cutmcmd3dorganic7cutmctr3d28notprovided29__utma1321437515850073641636840621163831503616390613035 target_blanka newly published papera aea morgane laounan roland rathelotp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112ethnicdiscriminationonairbnbhtmlethnic discrimination airbnba appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

61cf85cb591f00fdba89212f

The mental health benefits of vaccines

blockquotepwe estimate that covid19 vaccination reduces anxiety and depression symptoms by nearly 30 nearly all the benefits are private benefits and we find little evidence of spillover effects that is increases in community vaccination rates are not associated with improved anxiety or depression symptoms among the unvaccinated we find that covid19 vaccination is associated with larger reductions in anxiety or depression symptoms among individuals with lower education levels who rent their housing who are not able to telework and who have children in their household the economic benefit of reductions in anxiety and depression are approximately 350 billion our results highlight an important but understudied secondary benefit of covid19 vaccinationspblockquote phere is a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnberorgpapersw29593fromrss target_blankthe nber working papera by virat agrawal jonathan h cantor jeeraj sood and christopher m whaleyp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112thementalhealthbenefitsofvaccineshtmlthe mental health benefits of vaccinesa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

blockquotepwe estimate covid19 vaccination reduces anxiety depression symptoms nearly 30 nearly benefits private benefits find little evidence spillover effects increases community vaccination rates associated improved anxiety depression symptoms unvaccinated find covid19 vaccination associated larger reductions anxiety depression symptoms individuals lower education levels rent housing able telework children household economic benefit reductions anxiety depression approximately 350 billion results highlight important understudied secondary benefit covid19 vaccinationspblockquote phere relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnberorgpapersw29593fromrss target_blankthe nber working papera virat agrawal jonathan h cantor jeeraj sood christopher m whaleyp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202112thementalhealthbenefitsofvaccineshtmlthe mental health benefits vaccinesa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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The Real Philosophy of Emmanuel Macron

the key to reconciling the french presidents many political contradictions is his widely misunderstood philosophical mentor

key reconciling french presidents political contradictions widely misunderstood philosophical mentor

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Pentagon Spending on Military Contractors May Reach $407 Billion in 2022

a hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlespentagonspendingonmilitarycontractorsmayreach407billionin2022img sizesmaxwidth 200px 100vw 200px srchttpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages1235732819200x133jpg width200 altsecretary of defense lloyd austin stands for the national anthem during a welcome ceremony for polish defense minister mariusz blaszczak at the pentagon october 6 2021 in arlington virginia srcsethttpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages1235732819200x133jpg 200w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages1235732819400x267jpg 400w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages12357328191200x800jpg 1200w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages1235732819800x533jpg 800w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages12357328191536x1024jpg 1536w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages12357328192048x1365jpg 2048w classwppostimage height133appresident joe biden signed a recordshattering military budget earlier this week and a new a hrefhttpsstephensemlersubstackcompbidensendsstimuluscheckstomilitaryanalysisa published thursday predicted that if recent contracting trends continue the pentagon will funnel 407 billion worth of public funds to private weapons makers this fiscal year more than the federal government spent when sending 1400 relief checks to most americans in 2021p pstephen semler cofounder of the security policy reform institute found that from fiscal year fy 2002 to fy2021 55 of all pentagon spending went to private sector military contractorsp pif the privatization of funds rate over the last 20 years holds semler noted it means [the] military industry will get about 407 billion from bidens first military budget 16 billion more than the a rel hrefhttpswwwcnbccom20210526newroundof1400stimuluschecksbringstotalsentto391billionhtml391 billiona those 1400 stimulus checks cost the government earlier this yearp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrbecause 55 of military spending goes to contractors arms companies will likely get more money from bidens pentagon budget than the public got through his 1400 stimulus checks a hrefhttpstcotbh8x4goinhttpstcotbh8x4goina a hrefhttpstcou7u8klh6llpictwittercomu7u8klh6llap p stephen semler stephensemler a hrefhttpstwittercomstephensemlerstatus1476615849750536195ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 30 2021apblockquote pp pthe national defense authorization act for fy2022 was passed with broad bipartisan support earlier this month in the a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20211208recklessmisuseresourceshouseapproves778billionmilitarybudgethousea where the margin was 36370 and in the a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20211215senateslammedpassingbloatedndaadelayingbuildbackbetteractsenatea where the vote was 8811 by signing the bill into law on monday biden a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20211227pentagonjustgot778billionusaidrunningoutmoneycovid19vaccinesapproveda a recordhigh 778 billion military budgetp peven though us troops a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210831evenafghanwarendsgopattemptsadd25bmilitarybudgetwithdrewa from afghanistan in august republicans and democrats awash in weapons industry cash a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210924demswhoopposedpentagoncutsreceivednearly4xmoredonationsweaponsmakersrefuseda to support popular a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210922nearly50groupsdemandpassageamendmentscutpentagonbudgetamendmentsa to a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210923bidsslashpentagonbudgetfailusmilitaryspendingslammedheightabsurdityreducea pentagon spending p pin fact lawmakers in the a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210901outrageousandshamefulhousepanelapproves375bboostpentagonbudgethousea and the a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210723hugeoutragesenatepanelapproves25billionpentagonbudgetincreasesenatea added a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews2021120825billionpentagonbudgetboostalonecouldfundenoughvaccinesworldanalysis25 billiona which happens to be the amount of funding that progressive advocacy group public citizen a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210222analysisshowsuscouldhelpvaccinateworld25billionbidenpledgedjust2billionsaysa is necessary to a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210527richnationscouldmakeenoughvaccineworldjust25billionanalysisramp upa vaccine manufacturing to inoculate the world against covid19 on top of the already a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210426globalmilitaryspendinggrewnearly2trillion2020despitepandemicgargantuana 753 billion military budget a hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210528753000000000defensebudgetfailurebidenpentagonrequestrebukedrequesteda by biden back in mayp psemlers calculations are based on the pentagons 740 billion base budget that is the money allocated strictly to the defense department and not the additional 38 billion worth of nuclear funding from the energy department or funding from elsewhere even though that stuff is rightly considered military spending too he pointed outp pmilitary spending involves a massive redistribution of wealth from the public to private sector wrote semler there are a rel hrefhttpswwwopensecretsorgfederallobbyingsectorslobbyistscycle2021iddover 700a lobbyists representing forprofit military contractors in dc and this redistribution of wealth is why theyre therep pin a emjacobinem essay published thursday semler a hrefhttpsjacobinmagcom202112joebidenmilitaryindustrialcomplexnewcoldwarchinadefensestrategyargueda that biden is doubling down on the new cold war framework embraced by former president donald trump whose administration a hrefhttpsdoddefensegovportals1documentspubs2018nationaldefensestrategysummarypdfclaimeda that the best way for the us to prevent an armed confrontation with china and russia is to be prepared to win onep paccording to semlerp blockquote pthe difference between trumps arms race and bidens was supposed to be that the latter would bring a commensurate rise in social outlays biden campaigned on spending 7 trillion over a decadeor 700 billion per year on averagefor civil infrastructure transportation climate healthcare education and other social programsp ponce in office bidens plan was to beat the drum on china triggering a rally round the flag effect that would convince congressconservatives includedto budget for both military and economic competition as a democratic congressional aide told a hrefhttpswwwvoxcom22350402bideninfrastructureplanforeignpolicychinaivoxia in the first months of the biden presidency [t]he best way to enact a progressive agenda is to use china [as a] threatp blockquote pthe biden administration has done its best to put that theory into action semler argued but bidens cold warrior experiment has failedp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrwho needs expanded healthcare climate action affordable housing and free prek anywayp pits not like were in the middle of a global pandemic worsened by a dramatically changing climate and rampant social inequity img alt srchttpssworgimagescoreemoji131072x721f921png classwpsmiley a hrefhttpstwittercomhashtagcutthepentagonsrchashref_srctwsrc5etfwcutthepentagona a hrefhttpstwittercomstephensemlerref_srctwsrc5etfwstephensemlera a hrefhttpstcofszhw3z7cqpictwittercomfszhw3z7cqap p codepink codepink a hrefhttpstwittercomcodepinkstatus1476697290878324746ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 30 2021apblockquote pp pwhile military spending is shooting up as expected bidens budget allocates nearly 40 billion more than the trump administration 170 billion more than obamas last budget and 5 a hrefhttpswwwdefensenewscomcongress20200911bidennotplanningdefensecutsbuttheymaycomeanywaymorea than he campaigned on less than 8 of the funding biden sought for his domestic agenda has come through he continuedp padjusted on a peryear average semler added biden has only delivered 55 billion of the 700 billion he promised for human and physical infrastructure for fiscal year 2022p

hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlespentagonspendingonmilitarycontractorsmayreach407billionin2022img sizesmaxwidth 200px 100vw 200px srchttpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages1235732819200x133jpg width200 altsecretary defense lloyd austin stands national anthem welcome ceremony polish defense minister mariusz blaszczak pentagon october 6 2021 arlington virginia srcsethttpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages1235732819200x133jpg 200w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages1235732819400x267jpg 400w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages12357328191200x800jpg 1200w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages1235732819800x533jpg 800w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages12357328191536x1024jpg 1536w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages12357328192048x1365jpg 2048w classwppostimage height133appresident joe biden signed recordshattering military budget earlier week new hrefhttpsstephensemlersubstackcompbidensendsstimuluscheckstomilitaryanalysisa published thursday predicted recent contracting trends continue pentagon funnel 407 billion worth public funds private weapons makers fiscal year federal government spent sending 1400 relief checks americans 2021p pstephen semler cofounder security policy reform institute found fiscal year fy 2002 fy2021 55 pentagon spending went private sector military contractorsp pif privatization funds rate 20 years holds semler noted means [the] military industry 407 billion bidens military budget 16 billion rel hrefhttpswwwcnbccom20210526newroundof1400stimuluschecksbringstotalsentto391billionhtml391 billiona 1400 stimulus checks cost government earlier yearp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrbecause 55 military spending goes contractors arms companies likely money bidens pentagon budget public got 1400 stimulus checks hrefhttpstcotbh8x4goinhttpstcotbh8x4goina hrefhttpstcou7u8klh6llpictwittercomu7u8klh6llap p stephen semler stephensemler hrefhttpstwittercomstephensemlerstatus1476615849750536195ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 30 2021apblockquote pp pthe national defense authorization act fy2022 passed broad bipartisan support earlier month hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20211208recklessmisuseresourceshouseapproves778billionmilitarybudgethousea margin 36370 hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20211215senateslammedpassingbloatedndaadelayingbuildbackbetteractsenatea vote 8811 signing bill law monday biden hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20211227pentagonjustgot778billionusaidrunningoutmoneycovid19vaccinesapproveda recordhigh 778 billion military budgetp peven troops hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210831evenafghanwarendsgopattemptsadd25bmilitarybudgetwithdrewa afghanistan august republicans democrats awash weapons industry cash hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210924demswhoopposedpentagoncutsreceivednearly4xmoredonationsweaponsmakersrefuseda support popular hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210922nearly50groupsdemandpassageamendmentscutpentagonbudgetamendmentsa hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210923bidsslashpentagonbudgetfailusmilitaryspendingslammedheightabsurdityreducea pentagon spending p pin fact lawmakers hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210901outrageousandshamefulhousepanelapproves375bboostpentagonbudgethousea hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210723hugeoutragesenatepanelapproves25billionpentagonbudgetincreasesenatea added hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews2021120825billionpentagonbudgetboostalonecouldfundenoughvaccinesworldanalysis25 billiona happens funding progressive advocacy group public citizen hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210222analysisshowsuscouldhelpvaccinateworld25billionbidenpledgedjust2billionsaysa necessary hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210527richnationscouldmakeenoughvaccineworldjust25billionanalysisramp upa vaccine manufacturing inoculate world covid19 hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210426globalmilitaryspendinggrewnearly2trillion2020despitepandemicgargantuana 753 billion military budget hrefhttpswwwcommondreamsorgnews20210528753000000000defensebudgetfailurebidenpentagonrequestrebukedrequesteda biden mayp psemlers calculations based pentagons 740 billion base budget money allocated strictly defense department additional 38 billion worth nuclear funding energy department funding stuff rightly considered military spending pointed outp pmilitary spending involves massive redistribution wealth public private sector wrote semler rel hrefhttpswwwopensecretsorgfederallobbyingsectorslobbyistscycle2021iddover 700a lobbyists representing forprofit military contractors dc redistribution wealth theyre therep pin emjacobinem essay published thursday semler hrefhttpsjacobinmagcom202112joebidenmilitaryindustrialcomplexnewcoldwarchinadefensestrategyargueda biden doubling new cold war framework embraced president donald trump administration hrefhttpsdoddefensegovportals1documentspubs2018nationaldefensestrategysummarypdfclaimeda best way prevent armed confrontation china russia prepared win onep paccording semlerp blockquote pthe difference trumps arms race bidens supposed bring commensurate rise social outlays biden campaigned spending 7 trillion decadeor 700 billion year averagefor civil infrastructure transportation climate healthcare education social programsp ponce office bidens plan beat drum china triggering rally round flag effect convince congressconservatives includedto budget military economic competition democratic congressional aide told hrefhttpswwwvoxcom22350402bideninfrastructureplanforeignpolicychinaivoxia months biden presidency [t]he best way enact progressive agenda use china [as a] threatp blockquote pthe biden administration best theory action semler argued bidens cold warrior experiment failedp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrwho needs expanded healthcare climate action affordable housing free prek anywayp pits like middle global pandemic worsened dramatically changing climate rampant social inequity img alt srchttpssworgimagescoreemoji131072x721f921png classwpsmiley hrefhttpstwittercomhashtagcutthepentagonsrchashref_srctwsrc5etfwcutthepentagona hrefhttpstwittercomstephensemlerref_srctwsrc5etfwstephensemlera hrefhttpstcofszhw3z7cqpictwittercomfszhw3z7cqap p codepink codepink hrefhttpstwittercomcodepinkstatus1476697290878324746ref_srctwsrc5etfwdecember 30 2021apblockquote pp pwhile military spending shooting expected bidens budget allocates nearly 40 billion trump administration 170 billion obamas budget 5 hrefhttpswwwdefensenewscomcongress20200911bidennotplanningdefensecutsbuttheymaycomeanywaymorea campaigned 8 funding biden sought domestic agenda come continuedp padjusted peryear average semler added biden delivered 55 billion 700 billion promised human physical infrastructure fiscal year 2022p

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Steven Pinker Q&A: “I’m still alive because I’m a serial series binger”

pemsteven pinker was born in montreal in 1954 and is the johnstone professor of psychology at harvard university he conducts research into visual cognition psycholinguistics and social relationsemp pemwhats your earliest memoryemp pits highly sensory and from the age of two the soles of the feet of my pyjamas with raised azure rubber dotsp pemwho are your heroesemp pive never had heroes i appreciate peoples accomplishments while accepting them as human p pemwhat book last changed your thinkingemp pjonathan rauchs emthe constitution of knowledgeem softened my scepticism that social media fosters modern irrationalityp pemwhich political figure do you look up toemp peleanor roosevelt for shepherding along the universal declaration of human rights i also admire mikhail gorbachev for what he didnt do send in the tanks to preserve the soviet empire at a cost of prolonging totalitarianismp pemwhat would be your mastermind specialist subjectemp pphotography it engages my aesthetics my interest in visual cognition and my love of gadgetsp pstrongem[see also a hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomculture202112billbaileyqamyearliestmemoryisthesmellofnylonwaterproofsinahotcarbill bailey qampa my earliest memory is the smell of nylon waterproofs in a hot cara]emstrongp pemin which time and place other than your own would you like to liveemp pnew york city in the 1950s that was the heyday of hard bop jazz witty broadway plays the great american songbook abstract expressionism modernist architecture such as the un headquarters and the greenwich village beat scenep pemwhat tv show could you not live withoutemp pim still alive because im a serial series binger emthe sopranosem emveepem emsilicon valleyem emshetlandem emshtiselem emcall my agentem embabylon berlinem emfamily businessem emrakeemp pemwho would paint your portraitemp pannie leibovitz would shoot it  p pemwhats your theme tuneemp pfor 25 years ive played journey to the center of the mind the only hit by the amboy dukes at the start of my introductory psychology course musically superior are two songs called think one by aretha franklin one by james brown  p pstrongem[see also a hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomculture202112rachelkyteqamycarbonfootprintisasourceofdeepdiscomfortrachel kyte qampa my carbon footprint is a source of deep discomforta]emstrongp pemwhats the best piece of advice youve ever receivedemp pbefore i wrote emthe language instinctem an editor told me that most academics fail to reach a general audience because they treat readers as unintellectual simpletons she advised me to think of them as intelligent and curious peers who happen not to know certain things that i knowp pemwhats currently bugging youemp pthe stupidification of academia in pursuit of dubious social justice logical and statistical fallacies primitive word magic character assassination censoring and memory holing controversial articles rhetorical dirty tricks such as straw men and guilt by associationp pemwhat single thing would make your life betteremp phappiness in the people i lovep pemwhen were you happiestemp pgiven my good fortune singling out any time but right now would be cosmic ingratitude p pstrongem[see also a hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomcultureqa202111davidthewlisqawhenwouldiliketoliveanytimebeforeallthisnonsensebegandavid thewlis qampa when would i like to live any time before all this nonsense begana]emstrongp pemin another life what job might you have chosenemp pa constitutional lawyer paid to engage in conceptual and moral argumentation p pemare we all doomedemp pin the long run yes biologists say that to an excellent first approximation 999 per cent all species that have ever lived are extinct were unlikely to be the one that cheats death forever but in the next century almost certainly not p pemrationality what it is why it seems scarce why it matters by steven pinker is published by allen laneemp

pemsteven pinker born montreal 1954 johnstone professor psychology harvard university conducts research visual cognition psycholinguistics social relationsemp pemwhats earliest memoryemp pits highly sensory age soles feet pyjamas raised azure rubber dotsp pemwho heroesemp pive heroes appreciate peoples accomplishments accepting humanp pemwhat book changed thinkingemp pjonathan rauchs emthe constitution knowledgeem softened scepticism social media fosters modern irrationalityp pemwhich political figure look toemp peleanor roosevelt shepherding universal declaration human rights admire mikhail gorbachev didnt send tanks preserve soviet empire cost prolonging totalitarianismp pemwhat mastermind specialist subjectemp pphotography engages aesthetics interest visual cognition love gadgetsp pstrongem[see hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomculture202112billbaileyqamyearliestmemoryisthesmellofnylonwaterproofsinahotcarbill bailey qampa earliest memory smell nylon waterproofs hot cara]emstrongp pemin time place like liveemp pnew york city 1950s heyday hard bop jazz witty broadway plays great american songbook abstract expressionism modernist architecture un headquarters greenwich village beat scenep pemwhat tv live withoutemp pim alive im serial series binger emthe sopranosem emveepem emsilicon valleyem emshetlandem emshtiselem emcall agentem embabylon berlinem emfamily businessem emrakeemp pemwho paint portraitemp pannie leibovitz shoot itp pemwhats theme tuneemp pfor 25 years ive played journey center mind hit amboy dukes start introductory psychology course musically superior songs called think aretha franklin james brownp pstrongem[see hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomculture202112rachelkyteqamycarbonfootprintisasourceofdeepdiscomfortrachel kyte qampa carbon footprint source deep discomforta]emstrongp pemwhats best piece advice youve receivedemp pbefore wrote emthe language instinctem editor told academics fail reach general audience treat readers unintellectual simpletons advised think intelligent curious peers happen know certain things knowp pemwhats currently bugging youemp pthe stupidification academia pursuit dubious social justice logical statistical fallacies primitive word magic character assassination censoring memory holing controversial articles rhetorical dirty tricks straw men guilt associationp pemwhat single thing life betteremp phappiness people lovep pemwhen happiestemp pgiven good fortune singling time right cosmic ingratitudep pstrongem[see hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomcultureqa202111davidthewlisqawhenwouldiliketoliveanytimebeforeallthisnonsensebegandavid thewlis qampa like live time nonsense begana]emstrongp pemin life job chosenemp pa constitutional lawyer paid engage conceptual moral argumentationp pemare doomedemp pin long run yes biologists excellent approximation 999 cent species lived extinct unlikely cheats death forever century certainly p pemrationality scarce matters steven pinker published allen laneemp

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My Conversation with Ana Vidović

pshe is one of the worlds leading classical guitarists  here is a relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodesanavidovic target_blankthe transcript and audioa here is part of the cwt summaryp blockquotepshe joined tyler to discuss that transition from prodigy to touring musician and more including how bach challenges her to become a better musician the most difficult piece in guitar repertoire the composers she wish had written for classical guitar the beatles songs shed most like to transcribe why its important to study a score before touching the guitar the reason she wont practice more than seven hours per day how she prevents mistakes during performances what she looks for in young classical guitarists why she doesnt have much music on streaming services how the pandemic has changed audiences why she stopped doing competitions early on what shed change about conservatory education for classical guitarists her favorite electric guitarists her love of croatian pop music the benefits and drawbacks of youtube for young musicians and what shell do nextpblockquote pexcerptp blockquote pstrongcowen strongyou once said that you dont practice past seven hours a day what would happen in that eighth hour if you were to go therep pstrongvidovi strong[laughs] i would probably go crazyp pstrongcowen strongis it mental is it physical or    p pstrongvidovi strongi just had a conversation with a friend of mine about that  how the amount of hours are actually not important as much as the quality of the practice as a child i used to practice many many hours because i didnt know i didnt find a way you kind of experiment over the years at this age i finally learned that its more about concrete work focused work working on things that give you trouble either if its technical or musical and then you practice in sections that takes less timep pyou practice very slowly before playing fast and then you put it all together it just takes a lot of years to get to a point where you know what you need to work on two or three hours of focused practice is more efficient than seven or eight hours because sometimes there is a danger of just playing the piece through and not really working on sections and things that we should work on i think at the eighth hour we should all stop [laughs]p blockquote pand here is a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchve26zz83oh6y target_blanka very good ana performance on youtubea  and here is a relnoopener hrefhttpsbartkussubstackcomponconversationswithtyler target_blankbartkus discussing conversations with tylerap pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202201myconversationwithanavidovichtmlmy conversation with ana vidovia appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pshe worlds leading classical guitarists relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodesanavidovic target_blankthe transcript audioa cwt summaryp blockquotepshe joined tyler discuss transition prodigy touring musician including bach challenges better musician difficult piece guitar repertoire composers wish written classical guitar beatles songs shed like transcribe important study score touching guitar reason wont practice seven hours day prevents mistakes performances looks young classical guitarists doesnt music streaming services pandemic changed audiences stopped competitions early shed change conservatory education classical guitarists favorite electric guitarists love croatian pop music benefits drawbacks youtube young musicians shell nextpblockquote pexcerptp blockquote pstrongcowen strongyou said dont practice past seven hours day happen eighth hour therep pstrongvidovi strong[laughs] probably crazyp pstrongcowen strongis mental physical orp pstrongvidovi strongi conversation friend thathow hours actually important quality practice child practice hours didnt know didnt find way kind experiment years age finally learned concrete work focused work working things trouble technical musical practice sections takes timep pyou practice slowly playing fast takes lot years point know need work hours focused practice efficient seven hours danger playing piece working sections things work think eighth hour stop [laughs]p blockquote pand relnoopener hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchve26zz83oh6y target_blanka good ana performance youtubea relnoopener hrefhttpsbartkussubstackcomponconversationswithtyler target_blankbartkus discussing conversations tylerap pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202201myconversationwithanavidovichtmlmy conversation ana vidovia appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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2021 Shkreli Awards: The 10 Worst Examples of Healthcare Profiteering and Dysfunction | The Incidental Economist

pspan dirautoeach year the lown institute gives out the shkreli awards named for disgraced and imprisoned pharma bro martin shkreli the awards go to the perpetrators of the most egregious examples of dysfunction and profiteering in healthcare to be clear these are not awards that anyone hopes to win the whole bit serves as an opportunity to examine ways that the american health system puts profit over patients and organizes healthcare in ways that are bad for both patients and frontline health workers enjoy seething at this list of the 10 worstspanp p p piframe allowfullscreenallowfullscreen srchttpswwwyoutubecomembedqyopr6tzqo0 width500 height281span datamcetypebookmarkspaniframepthe post a hrefhttpstheincidentaleconomistcomwordpress2021shkreliawardsthe10worstexamplesofhealthcareprofiteeringanddysfunction2021 shkreli awards the 10 worst examples of healthcare profiteering and dysfunctiona first appeared on a hrefhttpstheincidentaleconomistcomwordpressthe incidental economista

pspan dirautoeach year lown institute gives shkreli awards named disgraced imprisoned pharma bro martin shkreli awards perpetrators egregious examples dysfunction profiteering healthcare clear awards hopes win bit serves opportunity examine ways american health system puts profit patients organizes healthcare ways bad patients frontline health workers enjoy seething list 10 worstspanp pp piframe allowfullscreenallowfullscreen srchttpswwwyoutubecomembedqyopr6tzqo0 width500 height281span datamcetypebookmarkspaniframepthe post hrefhttpstheincidentaleconomistcomwordpress2021shkreliawardsthe10worstexamplesofhealthcareprofiteeringanddysfunction2021 shkreli awards 10 worst examples healthcare profiteering dysfunctiona appeared hrefhttpstheincidentaleconomistcomwordpressthe incidental economista

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The dangerous side of Munchausen’s

ppeople are nicer to you when youre ill they pay you more attention most of us appreciate this special treatment but what if you begin to emcraveem it what if you craved it so much that you started to embellish a little making your symptoms seem worse than they really were what if you went further and pretended you had an illness when in fact you didntp pmunchausens syndrome or as its referred to in the medical literature factitious disorder is one of those conditions thats rare enough that we dont know how rare it is it usually goes unnoticed for years or decades patients often visit many different doctors and hospitals sometimes abruptly disappearing if anyone questions the reality of their illnesses means its difficult to diagnose let alone study but theres plenty of evidence of these fake illnesses ruining real livesp divdiv pat the end of last year helen naylor published a memoir emmy mother munchausens and meem the final word in the title could be referring not only to the author but also to me myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome which naylors mother elinor claimed to have all the way through naylors childhood she required she said long bed rest every day meaning she was rarely around to look after naylor years later naylor discovered that her mother had regularly gone out shopping and on day trips while she was at schoolp pover time naylors mother seemed to forget the me instead seizing on a diagnosis of mild parkinsonism a set of minor symptoms that are a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwncbinlmnihgovpmcarticlespmc3968033 target_blankrelateda to the vastly more serious parkinsons disease but are absolutely not the same thing doctors told her that it would be decades if at all before the symptoms had an impact on her life and yet she obsessed over it blowing it out of all proportion mentioning it at every opportunity and becoming terribly offended when anyone tried to change the subjectp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111doesdepressionexistrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202111doesdepressionexistrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202111image91e1637777495518300x162pngadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111doesdepressionexistrefinnarspanmore from this authorspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111doesdepressionexistrefinnarh5does depression existh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111doesdepressionexistrefinnarspanbyspan stuart ritchieapdivadiv pher diary which shed diligently kept for decades was focused on her neverending sicknesses her daughters life her husbands death the birth of her grandchildren these were side issues in which she showed little interest her focus was always on herself her fragilities and her visits to the doctor but her diary entries didnt display anything like the normal reaction to being ill which might involve anxiety stress or some form of coping mechanism like denial this was emgleeem naylors mother delighted in every potential disease she might have caught and symptom she might be showing regularly researching conditions to find out more of the grisly detailsp pthere is no known treatment for munchausens it presents all sorts of challenging questions for instance whether doctors should a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwncbinlmnihgovpmcarticlespmc3968033 target_blankconfront a patienta about their fake illnesses or whether that would make things worse since symptoms vary so much medical researchers have to rely on small amounts of case experience doctors describing their experiences with individual patients rather than any largerscale samplesp pthose case studies often make for grim reading for instance a relnoopener hrefhttpsonlinelibrarywileycomdoiabs101002ccr32254 target_blankone report from 2019a describes a man in his 20s who went from hospital to hospital across the whole of italy and sometimes abroad complaining of a wide variety of symptoms and pains that required investigation he had a total of 41 known hospitalisations in a fouryear period and managed to convince enough doctors to perform invasive surgical tests that his torso was covered in scars he was taking a variety of drugs including testosterone  which was necessary since hed had both of his testicles removed in one of his numerous unnecessary operations when asked by aghast doctors the reasons behind this mutilating operation he could only give a vague noncommittal replyp pas the italian doctors pointed out patients like this arent delusional emper seem nor are they delirious suffering from some kind of altered state of consciousness theyre not emmistakenem about the illnesses they claim to have and they arent a relnoopener hrefhttpsdictionaryapaorgmalingering target_blankmalingeringa which is when people fake illnesses for a specific reason like avoiding military service or gaining benefits neither are they hypochondriacs neurotics who worry too much about their health indeed like naylors mother they often get great pleasure from the idea that theyre sick instead they have a compulsion thats more difficult to pin down an irrational uncontrollable desire to have more consultations with medical professionals more hospital visits and above all more attentionp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202106mentalhealthisalucrativebusinessrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202106mentalhealthisalucrativebusinessrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202106gettyimages10715071801scaled1300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202106mentalhealthisalucrativebusinessrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202106mentalhealthisalucrativebusinessrefinnarh5mental health is a lucrative businessh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202106mentalhealthisalucrativebusinessrefinnarspanbyspan julie burchillapdivadiv pin 2016 two psychiatry researchers a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticlepiis016383431630072x target_blankcollected togethera all the published case studies of adults with factitious disorder they tried to draw out some broad patterns from the 455 cases they found the first thing they noted was that 66 of patients were female strange since a previous edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders psychiatrys bible claimed on the basis of no stated evidence that the disorder was more common in menp pthe second interesting observation was that the factitious patients often claimed to have previously worked in healthcare as a lab assistant in a hospital say this makes sense people who are obsessed with illness might gravitate to jobs where they can observe and research it closelyp pbut just putting together case reports only gets you so far even though a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticlepiis0163834319300052 target_blankother case reviewsa find a similar pattern of results all the numbers the researchers could provide are subject to huge margins of error and might be tainted by bias for instance cases that are particularly outrageous or extreme are more likely to be written up as case reports and sent to journals so we might get a skewed image of what the average patient with the disorder looks like this is ironically a kind of scientific munchausensbyproxy where doctors hype up the illnesses of their patients or at least focus on the most shocking ones to gain attention for themselvesp pa suite of studies again mainly case reports now exists on a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwncbinlmnihgovpmcarticlespmc3510683 target_blankmunchausen by interneta where someone with factitious disorder uses the internet to build a fake persona as a sick person as well as a relnoopener hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikisock_puppet_account target_blanksockpuppet accountsa for fake relatives or friends to buttress their story they might infiltrate support groups for an illness or build a social media following basking in the sympathy they receive from wellmeaning commenters and supporters you are so brave keep fightingp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202108nevertrustascientistrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202108nevertrustascientistrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202108gettyimajges541801716e16299095969111300x161jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202108nevertrustascientistrefinnarspanmore from this authorspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202108nevertrustascientistrefinnarh5never trust a scientisth5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202108nevertrustascientistrefinnarspanbyspan stuart ritchieapdivadiv pwhether this is a specific new disorder is arguable it sounds more like a mutation of the old problem but and i wont provide any links for obvious reasons there is definitely a new genre of social media account which the owner uses to provide regular updates on whats often a long list of medical conditions they post photos of medical equipment such as feeding tubes and seem to be take a suspicious amount of pleasure in the trials and tribulations of having a longterm medical conditionp pjust to be completely clear im not arguing that disability advocates who discuss their conditions and raise awareness on social media are suffering from munchausens but clearly in some cases the internet can become a crucial crutch for a minority who have a tendency to exaggerate or even fake symptoms indeed thinking of the oftenperverse dynamics of who gets attention on social media one could hardly imagine this emnotem being the casep pthe paradoxical thing about factitious disorder is that although it involves faking and overstating illnesses and causes immense frustration and distress for family members and doctors who have to deal with it it is itself a serious medical condition many sufferers start to deliberately harm themselves out of desire for sympathy and medical attention they might deliberately give themselves cuts and bruises a relatively easy way to fake an injury reports a relnoopener hrefhttpsmyclevelandclinicorghealthdiseases9833munchausensyndromefactitiousdisorderimposedonself target_blankabounda of patients rubbing dirt or faeces into their open wounds in an attempt to aggravate them and the italian munchausens sufferer whod been mysteriously castrated actually died suddenly during one of his many hospital visits of acute heart failure all operations and medical procedures come with risks and when you subject yourself to dozens of them those risks begin to multiplyp pand in the case of helen naylors mother increasingly frantic attempts to fake illness starving herself and refusing to leave her bed for any reason  eventually turned into the real thing she was admitted to a nursing home in her 60s with the frailties of someone far older and died before her 70th birthday chest and mouth infections seem to have been the final straw that led to her death and just like the doctors and researchers who have studied this disorder so wellknown in culture but so poorly understood by science her daughter was left not with closure or explanations or even relief there was nothing but sheer bewildermentp a hrefhttpsunherdcom202202thedangeroussideofmunchausensappcommentsview 6 commentsa

ppeople nicer youre ill pay attention appreciate special treatment begin emcraveem craved started embellish little making symptoms worse went pretended illness fact didntp pmunchausens syndrome referred medical literature factitious disorder conditions thats rare dont know rare usually goes unnoticed years decades patients visit different doctors hospitals abruptly disappearing questions reality illnesses means difficult diagnose let study theres plenty evidence fake illnesses ruining real livesp divdiv pat end year helen naylor published memoir emmy mother munchausens meem final word title referring author myalgic encephalomyelitis chronic fatigue syndrome naylors mother elinor claimed way naylors childhood required said long bed rest day meaning rarely look naylor years later naylor discovered mother regularly gone shopping day trips schoolp pover time naylors mother forget instead seizing diagnosis mild parkinsonism set minor symptoms relnoopener hrefhttpswwwncbinlmnihgovpmcarticlespmc3968033 target_blankrelateda vastly parkinsons disease absolutely thing doctors told decades symptoms impact life obsessed blowing proportion mentioning opportunity terribly offended tried change subjectp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111doesdepressionexistrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202111doesdepressionexistrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202111image91e1637777495518300x162pngadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111doesdepressionexistrefinnarspanmore authorspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111doesdepressionexistrefinnarh5does depression existh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111doesdepressionexistrefinnarspanbyspan stuart ritchieapdivadiv pher diary shed diligently kept decades focused neverending sicknesses daughters life husbands death birth grandchildren issues showed little interest focus fragilities visits doctor diary entries didnt display like normal reaction ill involve anxiety stress form coping mechanism like denial emgleeem naylors mother delighted potential disease caught symptom showing regularly researching conditions find grisly detailsp pthere known treatment munchausens presents sorts challenging questions instance doctors relnoopener hrefhttpswwwncbinlmnihgovpmcarticlespmc3968033 target_blankconfront patienta fake illnesses things worse symptoms vary medical researchers rely small amounts case experience doctors describing experiences individual patients largerscale samplesp pthose case studies grim reading instance relnoopener hrefhttpsonlinelibrarywileycomdoiabs101002ccr32254 target_blankone report 2019a describes man 20s went hospital hospital italy abroad complaining wide variety symptoms pains required investigation total 41 known hospitalisations fouryear period managed convince doctors perform invasive surgical tests torso covered scars taking variety drugs including testosterone necessary hed testicles removed numerous unnecessary operations asked aghast doctors reasons mutilating operation vague noncommittal replyp pas italian doctors pointed patients like arent delusional emper delirious suffering kind altered state consciousness theyre emmistakenem illnesses claim arent relnoopener hrefhttpsdictionaryapaorgmalingering target_blankmalingeringa people fake illnesses specific reason like avoiding military service gaining benefits hypochondriacs neurotics worry health like naylors mother great pleasure idea theyre sick instead compulsion thats difficult pin irrational uncontrollable desire consultations medical professionals hospital visits attentionp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202106mentalhealthisalucrativebusinessrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202106mentalhealthisalucrativebusinessrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202106gettyimages10715071801scaled1300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202106mentalhealthisalucrativebusinessrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202106mentalhealthisalucrativebusinessrefinnarh5mental health lucrative businessh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202106mentalhealthisalucrativebusinessrefinnarspanbyspan julie burchillapdivadiv pin 2016 psychiatry researchers relnoopener hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticlepiis016383431630072x target_blankcollected togethera published case studies adults factitious disorder tried draw broad patterns 455 cases found thing noted 66 patients female strange previous edition diagnostic statistical manual mental disorders psychiatrys bible claimed basis stated evidence disorder common menp pthe second interesting observation factitious patients claimed previously worked healthcare lab assistant hospital makes sense people obsessed illness gravitate jobs observe research closelyp pbut putting case reports gets far relnoopener hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticlepiis0163834319300052 target_blankother case reviewsa find similar pattern results numbers researchers provide subject huge margins error tainted bias instance cases particularly outrageous extreme likely written case reports sent journals skewed image average patient disorder looks like ironically kind scientific munchausensbyproxy doctors hype illnesses patients focus shocking ones gain attention themselvesp pa suite studies mainly case reports exists relnoopener hrefhttpswwwncbinlmnihgovpmcarticlespmc3510683 target_blankmunchausen interneta factitious disorder uses internet build fake persona sick person relnoopener hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikisock_puppet_account target_blanksockpuppet accountsa fake relatives friends buttress story infiltrate support groups illness build social media following basking sympathy receive wellmeaning commenters supporters brave fightingp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202108nevertrustascientistrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202108nevertrustascientistrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202108gettyimajges541801716e16299095969111300x161jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202108nevertrustascientistrefinnarspanmore authorspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202108nevertrustascientistrefinnarh5never trust scientisth5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202108nevertrustascientistrefinnarspanbyspan stuart ritchieapdivadiv pwhether specific new disorder arguable sounds like mutation old problem wont provide links obvious reasons definitely new genre social media account owner uses provide regular updates whats long list medical conditions post photos medical equipment feeding tubes suspicious pleasure trials tribulations having longterm medical conditionp pjust completely clear im arguing disability advocates discuss conditions raise awareness social media suffering munchausens clearly cases internet crucial crutch minority tendency exaggerate fake symptoms thinking oftenperverse dynamics gets attention social media hardly imagine emnotem casep pthe paradoxical thing factitious disorder involves faking overstating illnesses causes immense frustration distress family members doctors deal medical condition sufferers start deliberately harm desire sympathy medical attention deliberately cuts bruises relatively easy way fake injury reports relnoopener hrefhttpsmyclevelandclinicorghealthdiseases9833munchausensyndromefactitiousdisorderimposedonself target_blankabounda patients rubbing dirt faeces open wounds attempt aggravate italian munchausens sufferer whod mysteriously castrated actually died suddenly hospital visits acute heart failure operations medical procedures come risks subject dozens risks begin multiplyp pand case helen naylors mother increasingly frantic attempts fake illness starving refusing leave bed reason eventually turned real thing admitted nursing home 60s frailties far older died 70th birthday chest mouth infections final straw led death like doctors researchers studied disorder wellknown culture poorly understood science daughter left closure explanations relief sheer bewildermentp hrefhttpsunherdcom202202thedangeroussideofmunchausensappcommentsview 6 commentsa

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My Conversation with the excellent Sebastian Mallaby

pventure capital most of all hedge funds as well with the fed tossed in  here is a relnoopener hrefhttpsmediumcommercatus5231bd6941ca target_blankthe audio video and transcripta  here is one excerpt from the conversationp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphstrongcowen strongwhat do you think of the view that in recent years theres been a huge consumer retail tech boom basically a relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomtermsffaangstocksasp target_blankfaang stocksa right and when that is over it might be over now the excess returns to vc will go away if you look at venture capital for biotech which has been hammered lately as were speaking here late january 2022 and maybe venture capital is a limited model for one period of time and otherwise it just does okay true or falsep p dataselectableparagraphstrongmallaby strongfalse i say that because in a cyclical sense you might be right but i think theres a deep structural shift which is really important that is that a relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomtermsiintangibleassetasp target_blankintangible capitala has become more and more important in our economy the nature of intangible capital is that its hard to measure it in financial reportsp p dataselectableparagraphto understand whether a particular software investment for example is worth a huge amount or really nothing you need to understand what that software development within the company is doing you need to be handson you need to have the technical skills to evaluate that software project the more that intangible capital rises as a share of new gdp creation the more this venturestyle handson expert investing is going to be valuablep p dataselectableparagraphstrongcowen strongyour explanation if i understand it to me seems to suggest that venture capital for biotech emwontem work very well youre portraying it as something thats very very hard to do a very limited skill so youre going to be wrong a lot of times that means the times youre right the product has to be scalable very rapidlyp p dataselectableparagraphbut in biotech there are regulators you often need a sales force its not scalable in the way that say linkedin or netflix are scalable doesnt that mean vc will just stay limited to a very small area of those things that are super rapidly scalable emorem if you think its pretty easy to pick winners then you have to think the rents get exhaustedp p dataselectableparagraphstrongmallaby strong[laughs] yeah this is a version of actually a wider debate which goes beyond biotech which is the a relnoopener hrefhttpsmediumcomharlemcapitalwhyarevcsobsessedwithsoftware38a4c48cbb08claim that venture capital is really only good for software projectsa that software can be scaled very very fast there are network effects once you get productmarket fit and you dont need much capitalp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphand thisp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphstrongcowen strongi have some questions about other topics you have some highly regarded books about a relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwamazoncommoremoneythangodrelationsdp0143119419 target_blankhedge fundsa and about the fed in the late 90s the a relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20081228businesseconomy28viewhtml target_blankbailout of longterm capital managementa  was that a kind of original sin that just set us on a path of bailing more things out at higher and higher price tags should we have just let ltcm fallp p dataselectableparagraphstrongmallaby strongno i think the original sin was a relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwatlantafedorgcenfispublicationsnotesfromthevault1604 target_blankcontinental illinoisa much earlier in 1986 i believe when the fed bailed out this bank which it thought was too big to fail im not sure it really was too big to fail but it was a moment when the latin american debt crisis was still casting a shadow when the banking system was perceived to be fragile and the fed just wasnt willing to let it go that was the original sin because taxpayer money was used to bail it outp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphthere is much more at the link and i am very happy to recommend sebastians new and very good book a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwamazoncompowerlawventurecapitalmakingebookdpb0942szj8hrefsr_1_2crid3hl8538qo4zxckeywordssebastianmallabyqid1644364994sprefixsebastianmallaby2caps2c287sr82 target_blankthe power law venture capital and the making of the new futureap p p pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202202myconversationwiththeexcellentsebastianmallabyhtmlmy conversation with the excellent sebastian mallabya appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pventure capital hedge funds fed tossed relnoopener hrefhttpsmediumcommercatus5231bd6941ca target_blankthe audio video transcripta excerpt conversationp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphstrongcowenstrongwhat think view recent years theres huge consumer retail tech boom basicallya relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomtermsffaangstocksasp target_blankfaang stocksa right excess returns vc away look venture capital biotech hammered lately speaking late january 2022 maybe venture capital limited model period time okay true falsep p dataselectableparagraphstrongmallabystrongfalse cyclical sense right think theres deep structural shift important thata relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomtermsiintangibleassetasp target_blankintangible capitalahas important economy nature intangible capital hard measure financial reportsp p dataselectableparagraphto understand particular software investment example worth huge need understand software development company need handson need technical skills evaluate software project intangible capital rises share new gdp creation venturestyle handson expert investing going valuablep p dataselectableparagraphstrongcowenstrongyour explanation understand suggest venture capital biotechemwontemwork youre portraying thats hard limited skill youre going wrong lot times means times youre right product scalable rapidlyp p dataselectableparagraphbut biotech regulators need sales force scalable way linkedin netflix scalable doesnt mean vc stay limited small area things super rapidly scalableemoremif think pretty easy pick winners think rents exhaustedp p dataselectableparagraphstrongmallabystrong[laughs] yeah version actually wider debate goes biotech thea relnoopener hrefhttpsmediumcomharlemcapitalwhyarevcsobsessedwithsoftware38a4c48cbb08claim venture capital good software projectsa software scaled fast network effects productmarket fit dont need capitalp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphand thisp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphstrongcowenstrongi questions topics highly regarded books abouta relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwamazoncommoremoneythangodrelationsdp0143119419 target_blankhedge fundsaand fed late 90s thea relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20081228businesseconomy28viewhtml target_blankbailout longterm capital managementa kind original sin set path bailing things higher higher price tags let ltcm fallp p dataselectableparagraphstrongmallabystrongno think original sin wasa relnoopener ugc nofollow hrefhttpswwwatlantafedorgcenfispublicationsnotesfromthevault1604 target_blankcontinental illinoisa earlier 1986 believe fed bailed bank thought big fail im sure big fail moment latin american debt crisis casting shadow banking system perceived fragile fed wasnt willing let original sin taxpayer money bail outp blockquote p dataselectableparagraphthere link happy recommend sebastians new good book relnoopener hrefhttpswwwamazoncompowerlawventurecapitalmakingebookdpb0942szj8hrefsr_1_2crid3hl8538qo4zxckeywordssebastianmallabyqid1644364994sprefixsebastianmallaby2caps2c287sr82 target_blankthe power law venture capital making new futureap pp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202202myconversationwiththeexcellentsebastianmallabyhtmlmy conversation excellent sebastian mallabya appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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How Social Justice Killed Anti-Racism

img althow social justice killed antiracism srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202202blackpantherspngpppone of the early signs of trouble for the british antiracism movement was a tweet sent by lee jasper a hrefhttpswwwhuffingtonpostcouk20130407leejasperracerelations_n_3032829htmlin april 2013a in which he declared that black people are incapable of being racist and offered to publicly debate anybody who disagreed i offered to debate him as did a number of others i even suggested a venue the university college london union uclu where id recently taken part in a debate on censorship my offer was not taken up and as far as i know the debate never took placeppjasper a britishborn man of mixed african caribbean and irish origins was one of the louder characters in the london antiracism movement of the 1980s which sought to oppose the racist farright but he was always intensely ambitious and skilled at using race issues as a means of selfpromotion in this respect he was well ahead of the curve importing al sharptons brand of american racehustling into the uk long before it became more generally fashionableppby the 1990s although the farright threat had clearly receded the british left in the face of a working class stubbornly uninterested in class struggle was switching its attention to the politics of identity this was especially true in london and jasper started to pop up on latenight tv chat shows in my own social circles which were mostly made up of people of west indian origin black activists were generally not taken too seriously but in leftwing political circles people like jasper became flavour of the month here was a provocative spokesman of an oppressed underclass and surely the leftincreasingly dominated by white and affluent peopleneeded people like him in order to stay relevantpfigureimg srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202202leejasperjpeg althow social justice killed antiracism width1280 height720figcaptionlee jasper youtubefigcaptionfigurepon the subject of racism the british left had long been guilty of threat inflation while racism was certainly widespread in the wake of waves of mass immigrationespecially towards the jamaicans and trinidadians who arrived in the 1950s and 60s and asians fleeing east african nationalism in the 1970sbritain had never remotely resembled the united states in this regard britain had never been segregated and had never been home to slaves in significant numbers there was never a british civil rights movement because there were no racial laws to overturn furthermore the collapse of the british farright was largely the result of cultural movements rather than politics the two powerful forces that united black and white people in britains urban centres were music and football the left is fond of recalling individual racist horrorsthe murders of kelso cochrane in 1959 and of stephen lawrence in 1993 in particular but these events were notable primarily for their rarity as well as the enormous waves of revulsion and shame that swept through british society in their wakeppthe awakening identitarian left in the 1990s needed racism to feed its narratives and if it had previously been guilty of exaggeration now it turned the dial to 11 the importation of racist black nationalism from america in the wake of stephen lawrences murder helped to undermine the unity of the antiracism movement as a force for solidarity and cohesion in order to build its new narrative the left began to ignore the british success story of racial integration in a handful of decades britain had been more successful in creating a mixedrace culture than the united states had in four centuries but this story did not fit the american racial ideology which demanded that black people be regarded exclusively as victimsppas the political tide turned dramatically towards labournationally in 1997 and in london with the election of the leftwinger ken livingstone as mayor in 2000lee jaspers years of positioning himself as a race and human rights activist began to pay off in 2004 he was appointed as livingstones director for policing and equalities an appearance at the mayors antiracist respect festival helped underline just how far leftwing authorities had drifted from londons racially diverse communities jasper was there on livingstones behalf to welcome festivalgoers in a faux britishjamaican accent whappen mi bredren and sistren the audience composed largely of teenage somalis who had turned up to see the somalicanadian artist knaan looked on in bemusementppjasper had an instinctive knack for the grievance business if the londoncentric labour authorities were searching for angry black men then he was happy to be the angriest and blackest of them all but since its earliest days fighting fascism in the 1930s the british antiracism movement had always understood racism to be hatred towards any person based on their race colour nationality or ethnicity in order to prosper within that hierarchy people like jasper had to toe that line for a while if pakistanis jews poles or chinese people were the chief targets of racial hostility then it was his job to stand up for them too which is why his tweet declaring black people to be exceptions to the rules signalled a departure and an early warning that the antiracist politics of the british left was about to take a sharp change of directionppwe now know that jaspers tweet was sent just as a portal to hell openedamericas racialised identity politics was about to hit critical mass and go global and a tsunami of racism followedpplike many londoners who grew up in the 1970s and 80s i was used to existing in a whiteminority environment and i had long been aware that black people were no less racist than any other demographic but racism against whites asians and jews had always been spoken softly out of the earshot of most british people it was not a serious problem but something that existed in the background the british antiracism movement had certainly never pretended that one form of racism was worse than another racism in any form was emipso factoem corrosive to communities and opposed on that basis it just seemed selfevident that hatred from one group would provoke a rise in hatred on the other side so british activism was focussed on creating opportunities for greater community cohesion and integration the most famous upshot was the notting hill carnival an event founded following the 1959 race riots and intended to bring west londons divided black and white communities together around a celebration of trinidadian cultureppmost peopleblack or whitewere unaware of ethnonationalism in the black british community which was far less marked than in the united states in the new century some commentators did begin to discuss the problem openly for example in 2004 the outspoken britishtrinidadian activist and commentator darcus howe a hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancomworld2004aug07raceimmigrationandpublicserviceswrote about racism towards somali immigrantsa within black communities similarly there have long been tensions between a hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwiki2005_birmingham_riotssome black and asian communitiesa but generally those in the political and journalistic classes were either unaware of such issues or reluctant to broach them in public so although people raised in parts of london with large black populations or those in mixed relationships experienced such bigotry firsthand the problem was seldom acknowledgedppthis all changed post2010 for at least three reasons first the meteoric rise of facebook and twitter provided people with an unprecedented ability to share their unfiltered thoughts out loud second the new antiracistem emideology i will refer to american antiracism without a hyphen to distinguish it from the universalist british kind made this racism acceptable because as lee jaspers tweet indicated it wasnt seen as racism at all third white people on the left many of whom rarely socialised with nonwhites in real life provided cover for this development by explaining to other whites that all this new hostility was justified by societal inequity white privilegeem emand the colonial crimes of their ancestors this precipitated a profound fracture in british culture a belief that bigotry could never be acceptable was replaced with a new idea that yes sometimes it could be suddenly racism was everywhere and antiracists refused to condemn itpfigureimg srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202202whiteprivilege1png althow social justice killed antiracism width1200 height800figcaptionan antiracist protestor in brooklyn 2020 photo by erik mcgregorlightrocket via getty imagesfigcaptionfigurepmany black people were appalled and embarrassed by the newly exposed mentality which did not just target whites but also indians chinese people and jews at least three friends recounted how they had tried to oppose the antiwhite sentiment they encountered in blackonly forums but each of them was viciously attacked labelled an uncle tom a race traitor an oreo or a coconut and retreated rapidly the resistance died quickly under the new ideologies racism was now not only acceptable but also laudable new terms bubbled up antiracism was replaced by emproblacknessem among progressives this was widely deemed to be a good thing but it was just ethnonationalism emblack love emwas also promoted to applause from white progressives and liberals but this was simply an expression of hostility towards mixed relationships the question is it problack to marry a white person became the subject of countless a hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvzdlfercdykyvideosa a hrefhttpstheblackdetourcomopinionyoucantbeproblackandbeinainterracialrelationshiparticlesa and threads few of us in 2010 predicted that open opposition to miscegenation was about to mount a comeback or that it would be tolerated by people calling themselves antiracist and now that racism had been made socially acceptable it proliferated pfigureiframe allowfullscreen srchttpswwwyoutubecomembedzdlfercdykyfeatureoembed width200 height113iframefigurepcountless stories suddenly emerged of white people being attacked for having the a hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvbsbxw9uusguwrong hairstylea wearing the a hrefhttpswwwnprorgsectionsgoatsandsoda20181026658924715whenisitoktoweartheclothingofanotherculturet1643378685991wrong clothesa or cooking the a hrefhttpswwwfeelgoodanywaycomtheculturalappropriationoffoodandwhyitmatterswrong fooda i had heard about such things from time to time before 2010 but now it was white people on the left and in the liberal media who were policing and justifying these new norms and standardsppthe birth of the american black lives matter movement in 2014 and its arrival in the uk following the death of eric garner in 2015 made all of this an order of magnitude worse the blm movement which openly espoused black nationalism was cleverly branded in a way that made universalist opposition to racism effectively impossible because racism by black people was now memoryholed the moment it happened it was allowed to spread unresisted occasionally incidents were reportedfor example in 2017 there was a a hrefhttpsmetrocouk20170117interracialcoupleabusedbyracistastheytriedtoshareameal6386079nasty verbal attacka on a mixed couple eating in a black restaurant in which the aggressor referred to whites as inferior beings but even when media outlets covered such things social media largely did not to even talk about this kind of racism came to be seen as antiblack rather than antiracist one of the telling things about this particular video was that it was recorded and shared by the perpetrator which suggested a belief that emhe emhad the moral high ground such was the effect of the narrative shift towards problacknessppi saw and personally experienced this kind of behaviour on numerous occasions i was able to stand my ground better than others because i had long experience as an antiracism activist and little fear of being attacked for my white privilege but it turned out that my previous activism my mixed family and my jewish origins afforded me no protectioninstead they were used against me i eventually ended my participation in black political and music forums especially hiphop ones because they became hotbeds of black nationalism riddled with antiwhite and antijewish sentiment white participants were required to acknowledge their responsibility for racism and declare themselves subordinate allies rather than equals racial equality was no longer considered a valid objective the left now demanded emequityem many others suffered worse abuse than i did in response to the new identity politics a white british rapper named alex dutty created a a hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvva1l0oly5mipowerfully emotive videoa with a universalist antiracist message but he provocatively and unwisely in hindsight named it proud to be white he was viciously attacked by other rappers and music journalists most of whom had presumably not watched the video and cancelled by the uk hiphop communitypfigureiframe allowfullscreen srchttpswwwyoutubecomembedva1l0oly5mifeatureoembed width200 height113iframefigurepin the past few years black nationalism has surged in popularity protected by the shield of black lives matter and ignored or played down by a liberal press anxious not to find itself on the wrong side of the racism debate violent and sometimes deadly antisemitic attacks perpetrated by black people on a hrefhttpsareomagazinecom20191212antisemitismandblacknationalismboth sides of the atlantica have been largely ignored even as the cultural mainstream continues to insist that racism cannot be tolerated in the past few days the latest in a series of assaults on jews in london by black men a hrefhttpswwwstandardcouknewscrimestamfordhillbakersantisemiticattackshomrimb979041htmlhas been reporteda in 2018 the head of the nation of islam louis farrakhan an outspoken antisemite and one of americas most influential hate preachers a hrefhttpsbrotherqiyamblogcomministerlouisfarrakhanreleasesletschangetheworldalbumfeaturingsteviewonderchakakhanstephaniemillscommonsnoopdoggandmoremade an albuma with stars including stevie wonder chaka khan snoop dogg and common a hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancombooks2018dec17alicewalkerantisemiticdavidickebookalice walkera a hrefhttpswwwnprorgsectionsliveupdatesprotestsforracialjustice20200715891422809firedoverantisemiticcommentsnickcannonwantswildnoutownershipnick cannona and other leading lights in the african american establishment have made antisemitic remarks even a hrefhttpswwwforbescomsitesevangerstmann20220202whoopigoldbergraceandantisemitismwhoopi goldberga blundered into trouble as she clumsily navigated the new discourse on race in the uk there has been a rallying of support for wiley a wellknown music artist following a series of a hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancommusic2020jul24wileyaccusedofantisemitismafterlikeningjewstokukluxklanantisemitic outburstsa over the past couple of yearsppjews have not been the only target violent attacks against east asiansdisproportionately carried out by black peoplehave recently spiked in america a foreseeable consequence of a decades worth of antiracist agitprop that blamed white jewish and asian privilegeem emfor black oppression the progressive response to this development has been to a hrefhttpswwwvoxcom22321234blackasianamericantensionssolidarityhistoryblame white supremacya the antiracist narrative is so far through the looking glass that white people are now held entirely to blame for the worst behaviours of a small minority of black people this denial of agency and moral responsibility is not just deeply patronisinga soft bigotry of low expectationsbut it also amounts to a kind of incitement as white progressives line up as apologists for racial violenceppwhite people have also become targets for black nationalists a development even less likely to be publicly acknowledged than black attacks on jews the murderous attack on a christmas parade in wisconsin which killed six and injured 62 was almost certainly racially motivated the attacker had previously posted black nationalist sentiments but the emnew york timesem a hrefhttpswwwnytimescomarticlewisconsinparadeattackwhatweknowhtmlhastened to declarea that the motive was unclear this was a departure for a newspaper that in recent years has been quick to offer racial explanations for almost everything a black lives matter activist declared the wisconsin attack to be the a hrefhttpscbsaustincomnewsnationworldblmactivistmilitantsaysparadekillingsmightbebeginningoftherevolutionwaukesharedvansuvblacklivesmatterchristmaswisconsindarrellbrooksvaunmayesfacebooklivekylerittenhousestart of the revolutionappthe antiracism establishment has crumpled before this ideological onslaught when the southern poverty law center a hrefhttpswwwsplcenterorgnews20180221yearhatetrumpbuoyedwhitesupremacists2017sparkingbacklashamongblacknationalistreporteda a steep rise in black nationalist extremism in 2018 its report was couched in almost apologetic language the rise in black nationalism was of course the fault of donald trumps alleged promotion of white supremacists the report which did not explicitly point out that black nationalism had risen far more than white nationalism quoted archracist louis farrakhan the splc also went to great lengths to absolve black lives matter these black nationalist groups should not be confused with activist groups such as black lives matter and others that work for civil rights and to eliminate systemic racism this splc positioning comes despite a hrefhttpswwwtimesofisraelcomlajewstakestockaftergeorgefloydprotestsbatterlocalinstitutionsattacks on synagoguesa and a hrefhttpswwwdailymailcouknewsarticle8890977threejewishmenshowingsolidarityblmchasedprotestersphiladelphiahtmlother antisemitic eventsa that have taken place during blm protests in toronto a leading blm activist a hrefhttpswwwmediaitecomonlineblacklivesmatterleaderwhitepeoplearesubhumangeneticdefectsfbclidiwar30kqwej2shyoqzqi_8enhqblccu6fg_p3rzhmcdjroyehseo3i2afalabelled whitesa as genetic defects an a hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikiyakub_nation_of_islamold beliefa of the nation of islam when racists are redescribed as antiracists by the media and political class there is no room for antiracismppthe official response to the rising influence of racist black nationalism has been to ignore it today the splc site no longer lists black nationalist groups separately instead choosing to a hrefhttpswwwsplcenterorghatemapbyideologyinclude thema under the inane heading of general hate which is by far its largest category and appears to be dominated by black nationalists fbi a hrefhttpsucrfbigovhatecrime2019topicpagesoffendershate crime statisticsa also suggest that emper capitaem more hate crimes are committed by black people than any other group in 2019 239 percent of recorded us hate crimes were committed by black people who make up just 121 percent of the population whites meanwhile committed 525 percent of hate crimes while making up 578 percent of the populationppit is of course important to point out that hate crimes are committed by only a tiny proportion of any demographic group but the bottom line of the past decade is this while the media and antiracism community have focused increasingly on white people and implicitly jews and asians as the root of all racist evil a disproportionately large and increasing amount of racial hatred is emanating from black nationalist movements the failure of the mass media and antiracism establishment to discuss this dismal development honestly is a scandalp

img althow social justice killed antiracism srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202202blackpantherspngpppone early signs trouble british antiracism movement tweet sent lee jasper hrefhttpswwwhuffingtonpostcouk20130407leejasperracerelations_n_3032829htmlin april 2013a declared black people incapable racist offered publicly debate anybody disagreed offered debate number suggested venue university college london union uclu id recently taken debate censorship offer taken far know debate took placeppjasper britishborn man mixed african caribbean irish origins louder characters london antiracism movement 1980s sought oppose racist farright intensely ambitious skilled race issues means selfpromotion respect ahead curve importing al sharptons brand american racehustling uk long generally fashionableppby 1990s farright threat clearly receded british left face working class stubbornly uninterested class struggle switching attention politics identity especially true london jasper started pop latenight tv chat shows social circles people west indian origin black activists generally taken seriously leftwing political circles people like jasper flavour month provocative spokesman oppressed underclass surely leftincreasingly dominated white affluent peopleneeded people like order stay relevantpfigureimg srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202202leejasperjpeg althow social justice killed antiracism width1280 height720figcaptionlee jasper youtubefigcaptionfigurepon subject racism british left long guilty threat inflation racism certainly widespread wake waves mass immigrationespecially jamaicans trinidadians arrived 1950s 60s asians fleeing east african nationalism 1970sbritain remotely resembled united states regard britain segregated home slaves significant numbers british civil rights movement racial laws overturn furthermore collapse british farright largely result cultural movements politics powerful forces united black white people britains urban centres music football left fond recalling individual racist horrorsthe murders kelso cochrane 1959 stephen lawrence 1993 particular events notable primarily rarity enormous waves revulsion shame swept british society wakeppthe awakening identitarian left 1990s needed racism feed narratives previously guilty exaggeration turned dial 11 importation racist black nationalism america wake stephen lawrences murder helped undermine unity antiracism movement force solidarity cohesion order build new narrative left began ignore british success story racial integration handful decades britain successful creating mixedrace culture united states centuries story fit american racial ideology demanded black people regarded exclusively victimsppas political tide turned dramatically labournationally 1997 london election leftwinger ken livingstone mayor 2000lee jaspers years positioning race human rights activist began pay 2004 appointed livingstones director policing equalities appearance mayors antiracist respect festival helped underline far leftwing authorities drifted londons racially diverse communities jasper livingstones behalf welcome festivalgoers faux britishjamaican accent whappen mi bredren sistren audience composed largely teenage somalis turned somalicanadian artist knaan looked bemusementppjasper instinctive knack grievance business londoncentric labour authorities searching angry black men happy angriest blackest earliest days fighting fascism 1930s british antiracism movement understood racism hatred person based race colour nationality ethnicity order prosper hierarchy people like jasper toe line pakistanis jews poles chinese people chief targets racial hostility job stand tweet declaring black people exceptions rules signalled departure early warning antiracist politics british left sharp change directionppwe know jaspers tweet sent portal hell openedamericas racialised identity politics hit critical mass global tsunami racism followedpplike londoners grew 1970s 80s existing whiteminority environment long aware black people racist demographic racism whites asians jews spoken softly earshot british people problem existed background british antiracism movement certainly pretended form racism worse racism form emipso factoem corrosive communities opposed basis selfevident hatred group provoke rise hatred british activism focussed creating opportunities greater community cohesion integration famous upshot notting hill carnival event founded following 1959 race riots intended bring west londons divided black white communities celebration trinidadian cultureppmost peopleblack whitewere unaware ethnonationalism black british community far marked united states new century commentators begin discuss problem openly example 2004 outspoken britishtrinidadian activist commentator darcus howe hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancomworld2004aug07raceimmigrationandpublicserviceswrote racism somali immigrantsa black communities similarly long tensions hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwiki2005_birmingham_riotssome black asian communitiesa generally political journalistic classes unaware issues reluctant broach public people raised parts london large black populations mixed relationships experienced bigotry firsthand problem seldom acknowledgedppthis changed post2010 reasons meteoric rise facebook twitter provided people unprecedented ability share unfiltered thoughts loud second new antiracistem emideology refer american antiracism hyphen distinguish universalist british kind racism acceptable lee jaspers tweet indicated wasnt seen racism white people left rarely socialised nonwhites real life provided cover development explaining whites new hostility justified societal inequity white privilegeem emand colonial crimes ancestors precipitated profound fracture british culture belief bigotry acceptable replaced new idea yes suddenly racism antiracists refused condemn itpfigureimg srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202202whiteprivilege1png althow social justice killed antiracism width1200 height800figcaptionan antiracist protestor brooklyn 2020 photo erik mcgregorlightrocket getty imagesfigcaptionfigurepmany black people appalled embarrassed newly exposed mentality target whites indians chinese people jews friends recounted tried oppose antiwhite sentiment encountered blackonly forums viciously attacked labelled uncle tom race traitor oreo coconut retreated rapidly resistance died quickly new ideologies racism acceptable laudable new terms bubbled antiracism replaced emproblacknessem progressives widely deemed good thing ethnonationalism emblack love emwas promoted applause white progressives liberals simply expression hostility mixed relationships question problack marry white person subject countless hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvzdlfercdykyvideosa hrefhttpstheblackdetourcomopinionyoucantbeproblackandbeinainterracialrelationshiparticlesa threads 2010 predicted open opposition miscegenation mount comeback tolerated people calling antiracist racism socially acceptable proliferated pfigureiframe allowfullscreen srchttpswwwyoutubecomembedzdlfercdykyfeatureoembed width200 height113iframefigurepcountless stories suddenly emerged white people attacked having hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvbsbxw9uusguwrong hairstylea wearing hrefhttpswwwnprorgsectionsgoatsandsoda20181026658924715whenisitoktoweartheclothingofanotherculturet1643378685991wrong clothesa cooking hrefhttpswwwfeelgoodanywaycomtheculturalappropriationoffoodandwhyitmatterswrong fooda heard things time time 2010 white people left liberal media policing justifying new norms standardsppthe birth american black lives matter movement 2014 arrival uk following death eric garner 2015 order magnitude worse blm movement openly espoused black nationalism cleverly branded way universalist opposition racism effectively impossible racism black people memoryholed moment happened allowed spread unresisted occasionally incidents reportedfor example 2017 hrefhttpsmetrocouk20170117interracialcoupleabusedbyracistastheytriedtoshareameal6386079nasty verbal attacka mixed couple eating black restaurant aggressor referred whites inferior beings media outlets covered things social media largely talk kind racism came seen antiblack antiracist telling things particular video recorded shared perpetrator suggested belief emhe emhad moral high ground effect narrative shift problacknessppi saw personally experienced kind behaviour numerous occasions able stand ground better long experience antiracism activist little fear attacked white privilege turned previous activism mixed family jewish origins afforded protectioninstead eventually ended participation black political music forums especially hiphop ones hotbeds black nationalism riddled antiwhite antijewish sentiment white participants required acknowledge responsibility racism declare subordinate allies equals racial equality longer considered valid objective left demanded emequityem suffered worse abuse response new identity politics white british rapper named alex dutty created hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvva1l0oly5mipowerfully emotive videoa universalist antiracist message provocatively unwisely hindsight named proud white viciously attacked rappers music journalists presumably watched video cancelled uk hiphop communitypfigureiframe allowfullscreen srchttpswwwyoutubecomembedva1l0oly5mifeatureoembed width200 height113iframefigurepin past years black nationalism surged popularity protected shield black lives matter ignored played liberal press anxious find wrong racism debate violent deadly antisemitic attacks perpetrated black people hrefhttpsareomagazinecom20191212antisemitismandblacknationalismboth sides atlantica largely ignored cultural mainstream continues insist racism tolerated past days latest series assaults jews london black men hrefhttpswwwstandardcouknewscrimestamfordhillbakersantisemiticattackshomrimb979041htmlhas reporteda 2018 head nation islam louis farrakhan outspoken antisemite americas influential hate preachers hrefhttpsbrotherqiyamblogcomministerlouisfarrakhanreleasesletschangetheworldalbumfeaturingsteviewonderchakakhanstephaniemillscommonsnoopdoggandmoremade albuma stars including stevie wonder chaka khan snoop dogg common hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancombooks2018dec17alicewalkerantisemiticdavidickebookalice walkera hrefhttpswwwnprorgsectionsliveupdatesprotestsforracialjustice20200715891422809firedoverantisemiticcommentsnickcannonwantswildnoutownershipnick cannona leading lights african american establishment antisemitic remarks hrefhttpswwwforbescomsitesevangerstmann20220202whoopigoldbergraceandantisemitismwhoopi goldberga blundered trouble clumsily navigated new discourse race uk rallying support wiley wellknown music artist following series hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancommusic2020jul24wileyaccusedofantisemitismafterlikeningjewstokukluxklanantisemitic outburstsa past couple yearsppjews target violent attacks east asiansdisproportionately carried black peoplehave recently spiked america foreseeable consequence decades worth antiracist agitprop blamed white jewish asian privilegeem emfor black oppression progressive response development hrefhttpswwwvoxcom22321234blackasianamericantensionssolidarityhistoryblame white supremacya antiracist narrative far looking glass white people held entirely blame worst behaviours small minority black people denial agency moral responsibility deeply patronisinga soft bigotry low expectationsbut amounts kind incitement white progressives line apologists racial violenceppwhite people targets black nationalists development likely publicly acknowledged black attacks jews murderous attack christmas parade wisconsin killed injured 62 certainly racially motivated attacker previously posted black nationalist sentiments emnew york timesem hrefhttpswwwnytimescomarticlewisconsinparadeattackwhatweknowhtmlhastened declarea motive unclear departure newspaper recent years quick offer racial explanations black lives matter activist declared wisconsin attack hrefhttpscbsaustincomnewsnationworldblmactivistmilitantsaysparadekillingsmightbebeginningoftherevolutionwaukesharedvansuvblacklivesmatterchristmaswisconsindarrellbrooksvaunmayesfacebooklivekylerittenhousestart revolutionappthe antiracism establishment crumpled ideological onslaught southern poverty law center hrefhttpswwwsplcenterorgnews20180221yearhatetrumpbuoyedwhitesupremacists2017sparkingbacklashamongblacknationalistreporteda steep rise black nationalist extremism 2018 report couched apologetic language rise black nationalism course fault donald trumps alleged promotion white supremacists report explicitly point black nationalism risen far white nationalism quoted archracist louis farrakhan splc went great lengths absolve black lives matter black nationalist groups confused activist groups black lives matter work civil rights eliminate systemic racism splc positioning comes despite hrefhttpswwwtimesofisraelcomlajewstakestockaftergeorgefloydprotestsbatterlocalinstitutionsattacks synagoguesa hrefhttpswwwdailymailcouknewsarticle8890977threejewishmenshowingsolidarityblmchasedprotestersphiladelphiahtmlother antisemitic eventsa taken place blm protests toronto leading blm activist hrefhttpswwwmediaitecomonlineblacklivesmatterleaderwhitepeoplearesubhumangeneticdefectsfbclidiwar30kqwej2shyoqzqi_8enhqblccu6fg_p3rzhmcdjroyehseo3i2afalabelled whitesa genetic defects hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikiyakub_nation_of_islamold beliefa nation islam racists redescribed antiracists media political class room antiracismppthe official response rising influence racist black nationalism ignore today splc site longer lists black nationalist groups separately instead choosing hrefhttpswwwsplcenterorghatemapbyideologyinclude thema inane heading general hate far largest category appears dominated black nationalists fbi hrefhttpsucrfbigovhatecrime2019topicpagesoffendershate crime statisticsa suggest emper capitaem hate crimes committed black people group 2019 239 percent recorded hate crimes committed black people 121 percent population whites committed 525 percent hate crimes making 578 percent populationppit course important point hate crimes committed tiny proportion demographic group line past decade media antiracism community focused increasingly white people implicitly jews asians root racist evil disproportionately large increasing racial hatred emanating black nationalist movements failure mass media antiracism establishment discuss dismal development honestly scandalp

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What Biden gets wrong about race

pemglenn loury is an economist author academic and one of the most perceptive critics of the progressive upsurge in politics and mediaemp pemfreddie sayers spoke to glenn about joe rogan and whoopi goldberg joe bidens new supreme court justice and how to fix americas torturous racial politicsemp divdiv pbjoe biden hasa relnoopener hrefhttpseuusatodaycomstorynewspolitics20220210supremecourt14blackcongresswomencommendbidennomineepledge6736304001 target_blank preannounceda that his nominee for the supreme court will be a black woman what do you think about this bp pi think it is strange i think no one needs to be apologetic about reacting to that announcement with a bemusement and kind of quizzical what this comes out of joe bidens political ambition and the character of american politics during the south carolina primary when biden was uncertain of prevailing in the contest for the nomination of the democratic party in 2020 he wanted to appeal to the black vote and so he made this announcement he announced that his vice presidential selection would be a woman and that his first appointment to the supreme court should he be fortunate enough to have one would be a black womanp pyou could call this craven pandering im bemused by it because it unnecessarily raises questions about the fitness of whomever he might appoint when he might have simply chosen a black woman as his nominee and crowed about it after the fact to avoid casting any doubt over the choice that he would have made he could have said this is the best most qualified person that i could find but in any case as hes done it now hes limited his range of options to a very small percentage of the total population of people who might have been selected and you could say has put an asterisk by the name of whomever it is that he might ultimately selectp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112thegodfatherofcriticalracetheoryrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202112thegodfatherofcriticalracetheoryrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202108gettyimages50591767scalede1629467545105300x148jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112thegodfatherofcriticalracetheoryrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112thegodfatherofcriticalracetheoryrefinnarh5the godfather of critical race theoryh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112thegodfatherofcriticalracetheoryrefinnarspanbyspan tomiwa owoladeapdivadiv pthis is by the way the supreme court of the united states of america this is the final stopping point for any legal dispute there are nine justices serving there the quality of an appointment is not a small matter were not now admitting a marginal student to an elite college campus were selecting the people who are going to govern the country the president might have engaged in a kind of subtle and tacit preference rather than crowing about it and making it overt and explicit it sows a kind of contempt for the standards that we ought to be employingp divdiviframe allowfullscreen srchttpscdniframelyapiiframeurlhttps3a2f2fyoutube2fcpipsmvq4pikey357d953055da7177194e1a84a2d8a5a3playerjs1iframedivdiv   pstrongis it right to aim for public bodies to be representative of the population strongp pwhat do we mean by representativeness and who can represent whom how many catholics are there on the us supreme court im pretty sure there are more catholics on the court in proportion than there are catholics in the population dare we ask the question hw many jews how about gays how many openly gay people are on the supreme court how dare we thats a rabbit hole that we dont really want to go downp pand its kind of silly because it presupposes that something as superficial as racial identity or sexual orientation is of such fundamental significance that legal counsels must have members present who when they act out in that context are acting on behalf of quote unquote their group well these individuals are not only women or blacks or gays or catholics these are human beings whose humanity supersedes and reaches beyond the categories that we might impose on themp pbyou were the first african american to become a tenured professor at harvard would you have felt differently about this achievement had the governors at harvard preannounced before selecting you that they were going to choose someone of african american heritage bp pmy appointment as professor of economics at harvard which happened in 1982 was accompanied by an initiative at harvard to enhance the quality of the afro american studies department there i was jointly appointed economics and afro american studies i was 33 years old it would have been entirely fair for some outside observer looking at that to say oh well fine but if he hadnt been black they wouldnt have appointed him thats probably true so such is the condition that we find ourselves inp pstronghow do you think someone like whoopi goldberg can get to the point where said that the holocaust was not about race strongp pi assume its because she thinks jews are white i would chalk that up to ignorance and navet just not being immersed in the long history of modern europe and anti semitism and the ideology of nazism in which the notion of race had a very particular meaning i think whoopi just didnt appreciate the actual meaning of the word race in the context in which the holocaust arose revealing her ignorance she ought not to have put it that way it is a misstatement or mischaracterisation to say that the holocaust was not about race it just wasnt about race in the way in which we in the united states might be talking about racep diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202107whatliberalsgetwrongaboutracerefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202107whatliberalsgetwrongaboutracerefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202107gettyimages1215364978scalede16272284365731300x177jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202107whatliberalsgetwrongaboutracerefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202107whatliberalsgetwrongaboutracerefinnarh5what liberals get wrong about raceh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202107whatliberalsgetwrongaboutracerefinnarspanbyspan eric kaufmann apdivadiv pone finds antisemitism not only on the farright with jews will not replace us kind of sentiments but also in ethnic minority communities especially among african americans theres quite a bit of antisemitism there are attacks on jewish interests the reverend al sharpton a prominent civil rights leader got his start in part by demagoguery over incidents in which there was conflict between blacks and jews he has a history in which i think antisemitism would be a fair descriptorp pstrongwhy is there not more sympathy for the asian community among progressive activists strongp pthe asians are called a model minority people say that sardonically and of course the subtle implication there is that you must be antiblack if you compare blacks to asians and you find the blacks wanting or antilatinop psome of the corruption and decadence of the legacy population here black and white in american society is exposed by asian success they expose the lack of depth and seriousness of too many of our people by their assiduous self application and their excellence in the mastery of the currency of the modern world im talking about calculus im talking about biochemistryp pbdo you think this kind of thinking actually makes racial tensions worse bp pso george floyd is killed murdered a jury has spoken by derek chauvin in minneapolis in 2020 a policeman inappropriately applying force he had his knee on the mans neck the man expires was that a racial incident now the police officer was white the man was killed george floyd was black it became a racial incident a whole movement was launched or abetted by the racial characterisation of that incident but why should we understand it as a racial incidentp pthere is very little evidence at all if any that chauvin was motivated by racial animus when he acted and on the victim side george floyd the fact that a policeman might over use his power and harm a citizen thats something that happens to white people too there are cases parallel to the george floyd case in which the victim has been white which have not occasioned national attention so thats one thingp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howtoresistantiracismrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howtoresistantiracismrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022022asranomanimartinlutherkingelementaryschoole16445785172531300x161jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howtoresistantiracismrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howtoresistantiracismrefinnarh5why antiracism should be resistedh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howtoresistantiracismrefinnarspanbyspan asra q nomani apdivadiv pbut the other thing that i would say is that by cultivating a practice of looking at such incidents in racial terms invites a parallel practice of looking at criminal victimisation of citizens in racial terms you want to count the number of white cops who have killed unarmed black men somebody is going to start counting the number of black murderers who have abused black carjackers who have robbed and threatened black assaulters who have bludgeoned and beaten white people there are an endless number of such casesp pthere is enough racial blame to go around and id hate to live in a country in which when a white person was victimised by a black criminal the first words out of their mouth were a black criminal victimised me thats not good for black people because there are many black criminals and thats not good for our country because the issue is a criminal victimising a person the criminals blackness doesnt stand in for his race he doesnt represent his race when he acts badly the victims whiteness doesnt stand in for her racep pstrongwhat would happen if affirmative action is deemed unconstitutional by the supreme court strongp pthe supreme court has six conservative justices the majority of whom have publicly stated that they have serious doubts about affirmative action theres a very good chance that racial affirmative action will be stricken by the supreme courtp pif it happens i assure you there will be mobs in the streets of this country no progressive activist is going to take the supreme courts ruling as an opportunity to turn within and consider if we want to be at harvard or the university of north carolina in larger numbers why dont we get busy preparing our youngsters from the cradle to be competitive in this great country that we live in where competition is the coin of the realm no theyre not going to do that theyre going to interpret that as an antiblack move by a racist supreme court i assure you that it is a disaster and i think were headed toward itp pstrongin the past week there has been a big powerful movement to get joe rogan removed from spotify over historic cases of him using the nword what should we make of this strongp pim not going to say the nword on your programme but i should be able to say it its just a word im talking about a word im not talking about a slur and neither was joe rogans use of it a slur he wasnt pointing to a person and calling them one in a way of being a derogation of an insult he was speaking about speaking that is to say he was saying that the word exists and then he was saying the word in the context of quoting someone elses use of it or whateverp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202201kamalaharriswassetuptofailrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202201kamalaharriswassetuptofailrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages1228031406594x59411300x185jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202201kamalaharriswassetuptofailrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202201kamalaharriswassetuptofailrefinnarh5kamala harris was set up to failh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202201kamalaharriswassetuptofailrefinnarspanbyspan ayaan hirsi ali apdivadiv pwe have a genre here of music its called hip hop or rap in which the word is used regularly and they are not using it as a slur either its a part of the english language now this thing that were doing here where were making the utterance of certain sounds an indication of a persons racism and then seeking to cancel people for it being revealed that they uttered sounds without any reference to their intent is a bizarre phenomenonp pand i think that its actually not a sign of strength by the people black people who insist that the sound of the word is so injurious to them i think its a sign of their weakness theres something almost pathetic about requiring people to indulge you by not making certain sounds with their mouth because hearing it reminds you of lynching of nightriders coming down on black people who are defenceless and are being set upon and whatnotp pstrongit seems like a lot of the voices that were most upset about this were white and it seems like more of an intraelite power battle to do with the nature of the media in which the race issue is used as a battering ram what do you thinkstrongp pwho are those people who listen to joe rogan they are mostly not lattesipping national public radiolistening coastal elites in new york city or washington dc or san francisco or whatever they are mostly or more often than not male more often than not white theres some truck drivers among them theres some trump voters among themp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112designatedcriminal2refinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202112designatedcriminal2refinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202111gettyimages515350440copy300x199jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112designatedcriminal2refinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112designatedcriminal2refinnarh5designated criminalh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112designatedcriminal2refinnarspanbyspan david mametapdivadiv pso this culture war thats welladvanced here in the united states in which we are in effect mutually contemptuous of one another based upon what camp we belong in joe rogan is right at the centre of it and his audience substantially is on the wrong side from a progressives point of view a lot of this enmity directed toward rogan is really directed toward his audiencep pstronghow do we make it better strongp pid like to tone down the emphasis on race and be more concerned about the humanity of people if we want to talk about disadvantage poverty and the lack of wealth in america there are more poor white people than there are black people and anything worth doing whether it be reform of education or changes in the tax laws or extension of the welfare state programmes anything worth doing to help black people is worth doing to help people who are in need of of help i would have our arguments that is our african american arguments couched in broad humanistic terms and i think that less attention to racial identity and more attention to human common need is healthy for the countryp pemthis transcript has been lightly editedemp a hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendappcommentsview 7 commentsa

pemglenn loury economist author academic perceptive critics progressive upsurge politics mediaemp pemfreddie sayers spoke glenn joe rogan whoopi goldberg joe bidens new supreme court justice fix americas torturous racial politicsemp divdiv pbjoe biden hasa relnoopener hrefhttpseuusatodaycomstorynewspolitics20220210supremecourt14blackcongresswomencommendbidennomineepledge6736304001 target_blank preannounceda nominee supreme court black woman think thisbp pi think strange think needs apologetic reacting announcement bemusement kind quizzical comes joe bidens political ambition character american politics south carolina primary biden uncertain prevailing contest nomination democratic party 2020 wanted appeal black vote announcement announced vice presidential selection woman appointment supreme court fortunate black womanp pyou craven pandering im bemused unnecessarily raises questions fitness whomever appoint simply chosen black woman nominee crowed fact avoid casting doubt choice said best qualified person find case hes hes limited range options small percentage total population people selected asterisk whomever ultimately selectp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112thegodfatherofcriticalracetheoryrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202112thegodfatherofcriticalracetheoryrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202108gettyimages50591767scalede1629467545105300x148jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112thegodfatherofcriticalracetheoryrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112thegodfatherofcriticalracetheoryrefinnarh5the godfather critical race theoryh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112thegodfatherofcriticalracetheoryrefinnarspanbyspan tomiwa owoladeapdivadiv pthis way supreme court united states america final stopping point legal dispute justices serving quality appointment small matter admitting marginal student elite college campus selecting people going govern country president engaged kind subtle tacit preference crowing making overt explicit sows kind contempt standards ought employingp divdiviframe allowfullscreen srchttpscdniframelyapiiframeurlhttps3a2f2fyoutube2fcpipsmvq4pikey357d953055da7177194e1a84a2d8a5a3playerjs1iframedivdiv pstrongis right aim public bodies representative populationstrongp pwhat mean representativeness represent catholics supreme court im pretty sure catholics court proportion catholics population dare ask question hw jews gays openly gay people supreme court dare thats rabbit hole dont want downp pand kind silly presupposes superficial racial identity sexual orientation fundamental significance legal counsels members present act context acting behalf quote unquote group individuals women blacks gays catholics human beings humanity supersedes reaches categories impose themp pbyou african american tenured professor harvard felt differently achievement governors harvard preannounced selecting going choose african american heritagebp pmy appointment professor economics harvard happened 1982 accompanied initiative harvard enhance quality afro american studies department jointly appointed economics afro american studies 33 years old entirely fair outside observer looking oh fine hadnt black wouldnt appointed thats probably true condition find inp pstronghow think like whoopi goldberg point said holocaust racestrongp pi assume thinks jews white chalk ignorance navet immersed long history modern europe anti semitism ideology nazism notion race particular meaning think whoopi didnt appreciate actual meaning word race context holocaust arose revealing ignorance ought way misstatement mischaracterisation holocaust race wasnt race way united states talking racep diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202107whatliberalsgetwrongaboutracerefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202107whatliberalsgetwrongaboutracerefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202107gettyimages1215364978scalede16272284365731300x177jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202107whatliberalsgetwrongaboutracerefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202107whatliberalsgetwrongaboutracerefinnarh5what liberals wrong raceh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202107whatliberalsgetwrongaboutracerefinnarspanbyspan eric kaufmann apdivadiv pone finds antisemitism farright jews replace kind sentiments ethnic minority communities especially african americans theres bit antisemitism attacks jewish interests reverend al sharpton prominent civil rights leader got start demagoguery incidents conflict blacks jews history think antisemitism fair descriptorp pstrongwhy sympathy asian community progressive activistsstrongp pthe asians called model minority people sardonically course subtle implication antiblack compare blacks asians find blacks wanting antilatinop psome corruption decadence legacy population black white american society exposed asian success expose lack depth seriousness people assiduous self application excellence mastery currency modern world im talking calculus im talking biochemistryp pbdo think kind thinking actually makes racial tensions worsebp pso george floyd killed murdered jury spoken derek chauvin minneapolis 2020 policeman inappropriately applying force knee mans neck man expires racial incident police officer white man killed george floyd black racial incident movement launched abetted racial characterisation incident understand racial incidentp pthere little evidence chauvin motivated racial animus acted victim george floyd fact policeman use power harm citizen thats happens white people cases parallel george floyd case victim white occasioned national attention thats thingp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howtoresistantiracismrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howtoresistantiracismrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022022asranomanimartinlutherkingelementaryschoole16445785172531300x161jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howtoresistantiracismrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howtoresistantiracismrefinnarh5why antiracism resistedh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howtoresistantiracismrefinnarspanbyspan asra q nomani apdivadiv pbut thing cultivating practice looking incidents racial terms invites parallel practice looking criminal victimisation citizens racial terms want count number white cops killed unarmed black men somebody going start counting number black murderers abused black carjackers robbed threatened black assaulters bludgeoned beaten white people endless number casesp pthere racial blame id hate live country white person victimised black criminal words mouth black criminal victimised thats good black people black criminals thats good country issue criminal victimising person criminals blackness doesnt stand race doesnt represent race acts badly victims whiteness doesnt stand racep pstrongwhat happen affirmative action deemed unconstitutional supreme courtstrongp pthe supreme court conservative justices majority publicly stated doubts affirmative action theres good chance racial affirmative action stricken supreme courtp pif happens assure mobs streets country progressive activist going supreme courts ruling opportunity turn consider want harvard university north carolina larger numbers dont busy preparing youngsters cradle competitive great country live competition coin realm theyre going theyre going interpret antiblack racist supreme court assure disaster think headed itp pstrongin past week big powerful movement joe rogan removed spotify historic cases nword strongp pim going nword programme able word im talking word im talking slur joe rogans use slur wasnt pointing person calling way derogation insult speaking speaking saying word exists saying word context quoting elses use whateverp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202201kamalaharriswassetuptofailrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202201kamalaharriswassetuptofailrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202201gettyimages1228031406594x59411300x185jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202201kamalaharriswassetuptofailrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202201kamalaharriswassetuptofailrefinnarh5kamala harris set failh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202201kamalaharriswassetuptofailrefinnarspanbyspan ayaan hirsi ali apdivadiv pwe genre music called hip hop rap word regularly slur english language thing making utterance certain sounds indication persons racism seeking cancel people revealed uttered sounds reference intent bizarre phenomenonp pand think actually sign strength people black people insist sound word injurious think sign weakness theres pathetic requiring people indulge making certain sounds mouth hearing reminds lynching nightriders coming black people defenceless set whatnotp pstrongit like lot voices upset white like intraelite power battle nature media race issue battering ram thinkstrongp pwho people listen joe rogan lattesipping national public radiolistening coastal elites new york city washington dc san francisco male white theres truck drivers theres trump voters themp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112designatedcriminal2refinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202112designatedcriminal2refinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202111gettyimages515350440copy300x199jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202112designatedcriminal2refinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112designatedcriminal2refinnarh5designated criminalh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202112designatedcriminal2refinnarspanbyspan david mametapdivadiv pso culture war thats welladvanced united states effect mutually contemptuous based camp belong joe rogan right centre audience substantially wrong progressives point view lot enmity directed rogan directed audiencep pstronghow betterstrongp pid like tone emphasis race concerned humanity people want talk disadvantage poverty lack wealth america poor white people black people worth reform education changes tax laws extension welfare state programmes worth help black people worth help people need help arguments african american arguments couched broad humanistic terms think attention racial identity attention human common need healthy countryp pemthis transcript lightly editedemp hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendappcommentsview 7 commentsa

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What U.S. Foreign Policy and Pro Wrestling Have in Common – Paul Jay

pon the last minute wrestling podcast paul jay discusses the situation in ukraine and his film hitman hart wrestling with shadows part 2 a progressive russian on ukraine aleksandr buzgalin a progressive russian on ukraine aleksandr buzgalin pt 12 its time to roll back nato itself larry wilkerson do russians fear sanctions and what is the public opinion stanislav byshok pt 2p pa relnofollow hrefhttpstheanalysisnewswhatusforeignpolicyandprowrestlinghaveincommonpauljaysourceap

pon minute wrestling podcast paul jay discusses situation ukraine film hitman hart wrestling shadows 2 progressive russian ukraine aleksandr buzgalin progressive russian ukraine aleksandr buzgalin pt 12 time roll nato larry wilkerson russians fear sanctions public opinion stanislav byshok pt 2p pa relnofollow hrefhttpstheanalysisnewswhatusforeignpolicyandprowrestlinghaveincommonpauljaysourceap

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Chomsky: US Push to “Reign Supreme” Stokes the Ukraine Conflict

a hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticleschomskyuspushtoreignsupremestokestheukraineconflictimg sizesmaxwidth 200px 100vw 200px srchttpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized200x133jpg width200 altus soliders deloyed to poland en route to assist nato srcsethttpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized200x133jpg 200w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized400x267jpg 400w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized1200x800jpg 1200w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized800x533jpg 800w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized1536x1024jpg 1536w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resizedjpg 1920w classwppostimage height133apirrational political panic is as american a phenomenon as apple pie it often arises as a result of a potential inability on the part of the powersthatbe to control the outcome of developments that may pose challenges to the interests of the existing socioeconomic order or to the status quo of the geostrategic environment the era of the cold war speaks volumes about this phenomenon but its also evident in earlier periods for example the first red scare in the wake of world war i and we can see clear parallels in the presentday situation with reactions to ukraine and the rise of china as a global powerp pin the interview that follows worldrenowned public intellectual noam chomsky delves into the phenomenon of irrational political panics in the us with an emphasis on current developments on the foreign policy front and the dangers of seeking to maintain global hegemony in a multipolar worldp pstrongcj polychroniou the political culture in the united states seems to have a propensity toward alarmism when it comes to political developments that are not in tune with the economic interests ideological mindset and strategic interests of the powersthatbe indeed from the antispanish panic of the late 1890s to todays rage about russias security concerns over ukraine and chinas growing role in world affairs and everything in between the political establishment and the media of this country tend to respond with fullblown alarm to developments that are not in alignment with us interests values and goals can you comment about this peculiar state of affairs with particular emphasis on whats happening today in connection with ukraine and chinastrongp pstrongnoam chomsky strongquite true sometimes its hard to believe one of the most significant and revealing examples is the rhetorical framework of the major internal planning document of the early cold war years a hrefhttpswwwencyclopediacomdefenseenergygovernmentanddefensemagazinesnsc68nsc68 of 1950a shortly after the loss of china which set off a frenzy in the us the document set the stage for huge expansion of the military budget its worth recalling today when strains of this madness are reverberating not for the first time its perennialp pthe policy recommendations of nsc68 have been widely discussed in scholarship though avoiding the hysterical rhetoric it reads like a fairytale ultimate evil confronted by absolute purity and noble idealism on one side is the slave state with its fundamental design and inherent compulsion to gain absolute authority over the rest of the world destroying all governments and the structure of society everywhere its ultimate evil contrasts with our sheer perfection the fundamental purpose of the united states is to assure the dignity and worth of the individual everywhere its leaders are animated by generous and constructive impulses and the absence of covetousness in our international relations which is particularly evident in the traditional domains of us influence the western hemisphere long the beneficiary of washingtons tender solicitude as its inhabitants can testifyp panyone familiar with history and the actual balance of global power at the time would have reacted to this performance with utter bewilderment its state department authors couldnt have believed what they were writing some later gave an indication of what they were up to secretary of state dean acheson explained in his memoirs that in order to ram through the huge planned military expansion it was necessary to bludgeon the mass mind of top government in ways that were clearer than truth the highly influential sen arthur vandenberg surely understood this as well when advising [in 1947] that the government must a hrefhttpswwwcfrorgblogtwerememberstrumandoctrinescare the hell out of the american peoplea to rouse them from their pacifist backwardnessp pthere are many precedents and the drums are beating right now with warnings about american complacency and naivete about the intentions of the mad dog putin to destroy democracy everywhere and subdue the world to his will now in alliance with the other great satan xi jinpingp pthe february 4 putinxi summit timed with the opening of the olympic games was recognized to be a major event in world affairs its review in a major article in emthe new york timesem is headlined a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220209briefingchinarussiaalliancehtmla new axisa the allusion unconcealed the review reported the intentions of the reincarnation of the axis powers the message that china and russia have sent to other countries is clear david leonhardt writes they will not pressure other governments to respect human rights or hold elections and to washingtons dismay the axis is attracting two countries from the american camp egypt and saudi arabia stellar examples of how the us respects human rights and elections in its camp by providing a massive flow of weapons to these brutal dictatorships and directly participating in their crimes the new axis also maintains that a powerful country should be able to impose its will within its declared sphere of influence the country should even be able to topple a weaker nearby government without the world interfering an idea that the us has always abhorred as the historical record revealsp ptwentyfive hundred years ago the delphi oracle issued a maxim know thyself worth remembering perhapsp pas in the case of nsc68 there is method in the madness china and russia do pose real threats the global hegemon does not take them lightly there are some striking common features in how us opinion and policy are reacting to the threats they merit some thoughtp pthe atlantic council a hrefhttpswwwatlanticcouncilorgcontentseriesinflectionpointstheworldstoptwoauthoritarianshaveteameduptheusshouldbeonalertmkt_toknju5lvdawc0wnzuaaagcdsxu3gryrxtcrpgwbd6llqrzxidjjiaqtiskw7iaxasjwy8jwtogszxpyjjg7lfyd6yjrxa4zgp4iw7wjrdpumjpdij9tre1drludel6describesa the formation of the new axis as a tectonic shift in global relations with plans that are truly head spinning the sides agreed to more closely link their economies through cooperation between chinas belt and road initiative and putins eurasian economic union they will work together to develop the arctic theyll deepen coordination in multilateral institutions and to battle climate changep pwe should not underestimate the grand significance of the ukraine crisis a hrefhttpswwwatlanticcouncilorgcontentseriesatlanticcouncilstrategypaperseriesthwartingkremlinaggressiontodayforconstructiverelationstomorrowmkt_toknju5lvdawc0wnzuaaagcejxr0bamroqsipv6reqmaroso1z7it27xwgocynvkeajtm97yjdtdqc1tbiuhhvounhpbsryc5auriy6xneqoni0dwgrrmltlwpqurtadds damon wilsona president of the national endowment for democracy the stakes of todays crisis are not about ukraine alone but about the future of freedom no lessp pstrong measures have to be taken right away a hrefhttpswwwcspanorgvideoc5000970germanchancellorhaltnordstream2pipelinerussiainvadesukrainesenatormcconnellsaysa senate minority leader mitch mcconnell president biden should use every tool in his tool box and impose tough sanctions ahead of any invasion and not after it happens there is no time to dillydally with macronstyle appeals to the raging bear to temper his violencep preceived doctrine is that we must confront the formidable threat of china and stand firm on ukraine while europe wavers and ukraine asks us to tone down the rhetoric and pursue diplomatic measures luckily for the world washington is unflinching in its dedication to what is right and just even if it is almost alone as when it righteously invades iraq and strangles cuba in defiance of virtually uniform international protest to take just two from a plethora of examplesp pto be fair adherence to the doctrine is not uniform theres deviation most forcefully on the far right tucker carlson probably the most influential tv voice hes said we shouldnt be involved in defending ukraine against russia because we should be devoting all our resources to confronting the far more awesome china threat have to get our priorities straight in combating the axisp pwarnings about russias mobilization to invade ukraine have been an annual media event since the crises of 2014 with regular reports of tens or hundreds of thousands of russian troops preparing to attack today however the warnings are far more shrill with a mixture of fear and ridicule for socalled mad vlad whom the emnew york timesems thomas friedman describes as a a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220118opinionputinukrainehtmloneman psychodrama with a giant inferiority complex toward america that leaves him always stalking the world with a chip on his shoulder so big its amazing he can fit through any doora or from another perspective the russian leader seeking in vain for some response to his repeated requests for some attention to russias expressed concerns an analysis by emmintpressem found that a hrefhttpswwwmintpressnewscom279612227961290 percenta of the opinion pieces in the three major national newspapers have adopted a hawkish militant stance with a bare scattering of questioning a familiar phenomenon as in the days before the iraq invasion and in fact routinely when the state has delivered the wordp pas in the case of the sinosoviet conspiracy to gain absolute authority over the rest of the world in 1950 the word now is that the us must act decisively to counter the threat of the new axis to the rulebased global order that is hailed by us commentators an interesting concept to which ill return brieflyp pthe tectonic shift is not a myth and it does pose a threat to the us it threatens us primacy in shaping world order thats true of both of the crisis areas on the borders of russia and of china in both cases negotiated settlements are within reach regional settlements if they are achieved the us will only have an ancillary role which it may not be willing to accept even at the cost of inflaming extremely hazardous confrontationsp pin ukraine the basic outlines of a settlement are wellknown on all sides a hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticleschomskyoutdateduscoldwarpolicyworsensongoingrussiaukraineconflictweve discussed them beforea to repeat the optimal outcome for security of ukraine and the world is the kind of austriannordic neutrality that prevailed through the cold war years offering the opportunity to be part of western europe to whatever extent they chose in every respect apart from providing the us with military bases which would have been a threat to them as well as to russia for internal ukrainian conflicts minsk ii provides a general frameworkp pas many analysts observe ukraine is not going to join the north atlantic treaty organization nato in the foreseeable future george w bush rashly issued an invitation to join but it was immediately vetoed by france and germany though it remains on the table under us pressure it is not an option all sides recognize this the astute and knowledgeable central asia scholar anatol lieven a hrefhttpswwwdemocracynoworg202227ukraine_years_of_conflict_with_russiautm_sourcedemocracynow21utm_campaignba07e01752daily_digest_copy_01utm_mediumemailutm_term0_fa2346a853ba07e01752192343593commentsa that the whole issue of ukraines nato membership is in fact purely theoretical so that in some respects this whole argument is an argument about nothing on both sides it must be said russian as well as the westp phis comment brings to mind [argentinian writer jorge luis] borgess description of the falklandmalvinas war two bald men fighting over a combp prussia pleads security concerns for the us it is a matter of high principle we cannot infringe on the sacred right of sovereignty of nations hence the right to join nato which washington knows is not going to happenp pon the russian side a formal pledge of nonalignment hardly increases russian security any more than russian security was enhanced when washington a hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesusapproachtoukraineandrussiahasleftthedomainofrationaldiscourseguaranteeda to gorbachev that not an inch of natos present military jurisdiction will spread in an eastern direction soon abrogated by clinton then more radically by w bush nothing would have changed if the promise had risen from a gentlemens agreement to a signed documentp pthe us plea hardly rises to the level of comedy the us has utter disdain for the principle it proudly proclaims as recent history once again dramatically confirmsp pfor washington there is a deeper issue a regional settlement would be a serious threat to the us global role that concern has been simmering right through the cold war years will europe assume an independent role in world affairs as it surely can perhaps along gaullist lines europe from the atlantic to the urals revived in gorbachevs 1989 advocacy of a common european home a vast economic space from the atlantic to the urals even more unthinkable would be gorbachevs broader vision of a eurasian security system from lisbon to vladivostok with no military blocs shot down without discussion in the negotiations 30 years ago over a postcold war settlementp pthe commitment to maintain the atlanticist order in europe in which the us reigns supreme has had policy implications that reach beyond europe itself one crucial example was chile in 1973 when the us was working hard to overthrow the parliamentary government finally succeeding with the installation of the murderous pinochet dictatorship a prime reason for destroying democracy in chile was explained by its prime architect henry kissinger he warned that parliamentary social reforms in chile might provide a model for similar efforts in italy and spain that might lead europe on an independent path away from subordination to us control and the us model of harsher capitalism the domino theory often derided never abandoned because it is an important instrument of statecraft the issue arises again with regard to a regional settlement of the ukraine conflictp pmuch the same is true in the confrontation with china as weve a hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesnoamchomskyuschinacooperationisessentialtoavertanewcoldwardiscussed earliera there are serious issues concerning chinas violation of international law in the neighboring seas though as the one maritime country that refuses even to ratify the un law of the sea the us is hardly in a strong position to object nor does the us alleviate these problems by sending a naval armada through these waters or providing australia with a fleet of nuclear submarines to enhance the already overwhelming military superiority of the us off the coasts of china the issues can and should be addressed by the regional powersp pas in the case of ukraine however there is a downside the us will not be in chargep palso as in the case of ukraine the us professes its commitment to high principle in taking the lead to confront the threat of china its horror at chinas human rights abuses which are doubtless severe again it is easy enough to assess the sincerity of this stand one revealing index is us military aid at the top in a category by themselves are israel and egypt on the israeli record on human rights we can now refer to the a hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesisraelipoliciessatisfythedefinitionofapartheidunderinternationallawdetailed reportsa of amnesty international and human rights watch reviewing the crimes of what they describe as the worlds second apartheid state egypt is suffering under the harshest dictatorship of its tortured history more generally for many years there has been a striking correlation between us military aid and torture massacre and other severe human rights abusesp pthere is no more need to tarry on washingtons concern for human rights than on its dedication to the sacred principle of sovereignty the fact that these absurdities can even be discussed illustrates how deeply the rhetorical flights of nsc68 permeate the intellectual culturep phebrew university lecturer guy laron usefully a hrefhttpsprospectorgworldukrainecrisisanotherchapterinrussianamericancarbonrivalryreminds usa of another facet of the ukraine crisis the long struggle between the us and russia over control of europes energy again in the headlines today even before russia was a player the us sought to shift europe and japan to an oilbased economy where the us would have the hand on the spigot much of marshall plan aid was directed to this end from george kennan to zbigniew brzezinski commenting on the invasion of iraq which he opposed but felt might confer advantages to the us with the anticipated control over major oil resources planners have recognized that control over energy resources could provide critical leverage over allies later years saw many struggles in the cold war framework laron describes now very prominent ukraine has had a large part in these confrontationsp pthroughout the shape of world order has of course been a driving concern of policy makers for postworld war ii washington there is only one acceptable form under its leadership and it must be a particular form of world order the rulebased international order which has displaced an earlier commitment to the unbased international order established under us lead after world war ii its not hard to discern the reasons for the transition in policy and accompanying commentary in the rulebased order the us sets the rulesp pthe same was true in the unbased order in the early years after world war ii us global dominance was so overwhelming that the un served virtually as a tool of us foreign policy and a weapon against its enemies not surprisingly the un was highly regarded in us popular and intellectual culture along with the unbased international order guided by washingtonp pthat turned out to be a passing phase the un began to fall out of favor in us elite opinion as it lurched out of control with the recovery of other industrial societies but particularly with decolonization which brought discordant voices into the un and also in independent structures such as the nonaligned movement and many others all very vocal and active though effectively barred from the international information order dominated by the traditional imperial societiesp pwithin the un there were calls for a new international economic order that would offer the global south something better than a continuation of the largescale robbery violent intervention and subversion that the colonized world had enjoyed during the long reign of western imperialism there were other threats such as a call for a new international information order that would provide some opportunity for voices of the former colonies to enter the international information system a near monopoly of the imperial powersp pthe masters of the world undertook vigorous campaigns to beat back these efforts a major though largely ignored chapter of modern history though not completely there is some a hrefhttpswwwupressumnedubookdivisionbookshopeandfollyfine worka of a hrefhttpspressprincetonedubookshardcover9780691179155worldmakingafterempireexposure and analysisap pone effect of the global souths disruptive efforts was to turn us practice and elite opinion against the un no longer a reliable agency of us power as it had been in the early cold war years furthermore the foundations of modern international law in the few un treaties that the us ratified became completely unacceptable as the years passed particularly the banning of the threat or use of force in international affairs a practice in which the us is far in the lead it is conventional to say that the us and russia engaged in proxy wars during the cold war years omitting the fact that with rare exceptions these were conflicts in which russia provided some support to victims of us attack all topics that should have far more prominencep pin this context the rulebased international order became the favored pillar of world order and there is much annoyance when china calls instead for the unbased international order as it did at the rancorous march 2021 chinaus summit in alaska putting aside the sincerity of these pronouncementsp pits intriguing to see how the conflict with china plays out in us policy and discourse in other domains a frontpage story in emthe new york timesem is a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220204uspoliticshousechinacompetitivebillhtmlheadlineda house passes bill adding billions to research to compete with china the vote sets up a fight with the senate which has different recommendations for how the united states should bolster its technology industry to take on china the official name of the bill is the america competes act of 2022 meaning compete with chinap pthe passage of the bill was a hrefhttpsnewrepubliccomarticle165286competesactchinasupplychainhaileda in the leftliberal press the house gave president joe biden another reason to celebrate on friday with the passage of a bill aimed at boosting competitiveness with chinap pcould congress support research and development because it would help american society as this bill surely would apparently not only because it would take on china republicans reflexively opposed the bill as usual in this case because it a hrefhttpsrollcallcom20220204houseovercomesrepublicanoppositiontopasscompetitionbillconcedes too much to chinaa republicans also opposed what they called far left initiatives such as addressing climate change the bill was derided by house republican leader kevin mccarthy as the coral reefs bill how does saving humanity from selfdestruction help to compete with chinap pa side comment an amendment to the bill was introduced by pramila jayapal chair of the progressive caucus a call to release the near10 billion of the afghan government held in new york banks so as to help relieve the horrendous humanitarian crisis facing the population it was voted down fortyfour democrats a hrefhttpstheinterceptcom20220203afghanistansanctionsvotepramilajayapalutm_mediumemailutm_sourcethe20intercept20newsletterjoineda republican brutality it appears that the chinabased shanghai cooperation organization might be planning aid more of the china threatp pthere is no denying that china is a rising superpower confronting the us reporting a study of harvards belfer center of international affairs graham allison argued further that the socalled a hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcominternationalarchive201509unitedstateschinawarthucydidestrap406756thucydides trapa is likely to lead to a uschina warp pthat cannot happen uschina war means simply game over there are critical global issues on which the us and china must cooperate they will either work together or collapse together bringing the world down with themp pstrongone of the most striking developments in the international arena today is that while the us is pulling back from the mideast and elsewhere china is moving in but with a different strategic approach and overall agenda instead of bombs missiles and coercive diplomacy china is expanding its influence with the use of soft power indeed us overseas expansion was always overwhelmingly dependent on the use of hard power and as result it would only leave black holes behind after its withdrawal to what extent as some might argue is this the result of a young nation ignorant of history and with lack of experience in global affairs although it would be hard to find any examples of benign imperialism strongp pi dont think the us has forged new paths in western imperial brutality simply consider its immediate predecessors in world control british wealth and global power derived from piracy such heroic figures as sir francis drake despoiling india by guile and violence hideous slavery the worlds greatest narcotrafficking enterprise and other such gracious acts france was no different belgium broke records in hideous crimes todays china is hardly benign within its much more limited reach exceptions would be hard to findp pthe two cases you mention have highly instructive features brought out clearly if unintentionally by how they are depicted take an article in emthe new york timesem about the growing china threat the a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220201worldmiddleeastchinamiddleeasthtmlheadline readsa as the us pulls back from the mideast china leans in expanding its ties to middle eastern states with vast infrastructure investments and cooperation on technology and securityp pthats accurate its one example of whats happening all over the world the us is withdrawing military forces that have battered the mideast region for decades in traditional imperial style the evil chinese are exploiting the retreat by expanding chinas influence with investment loans technology development programs whats called soft powerp pnot just in the mideast the most extensive chinese project is the huge belt and road initiative bri that is taking shape within the framework of the shanghai cooperation organization which incorporates the central asia states india pakistan russia now iran reaching to turkey and with its eye on central europe it may well include afghanistan if it can survive its current catastrophe chinese aid and development might manage to shift the afghan economy from heroin production for europe the core of the economy during the us occupation to exploitation of its rich mineral resourcesp pthe bri has offshoots in the middle east including israel there are accompanying programs in africa and now even latin america over strenuous us objections recently china announced that its taking over the manufacturing facilities in spanso paulospan that ford abandoned and will initiate largescale electric vehicles production an area in which china is far aheadp pthe us has no way to counter these efforts bombs missiles special forces raids in rural communities just dont workp pits an old dilemma sixty years ago in vietnam us counterinsurgency efforts were stymied by a problem that was despairingly recognized by us intelligence and by province advisers the vietnamese resistance the viet cong vc in us discourse were fighting a political war a domain in which the us was weak the us was responding with a military war the arena in which it is strong but that couldnt overcome the appeal of vc programs to the peasant populationp pthe only way the kennedy administration could react to the vc political war was by us air force bombing of rural areas authorizing napalm largescale crop and livestock destruction and other programs to drive the peasants to virtual concentration camps where they could be protected from the guerillas who the us knew they were supporting the consequences we knowp pearlier the dilemma had been explained by secretary of state john foster dulles addressing the national security council about us problems with brazil where elites he said are like children with no capacity for selfgovernment worse still in his words the us is hopelessly far behind the soviets in developing controls over the minds and emotions of unsophisticated peoples of the global south even educated elites dulles lamented to the president about the communist ability to get control of mass movements something we have no capacity to duplicate the poor people are the ones they appeal to and they have always wanted to plunder the richp pdulles left unsaid the obvious the poor people somehow dont respond well to our appeal of the rich to plunder the poor so with great reluctance we have to turn to the arena of violence where we dominatep pthats not unlike the dilemma posed when china leans in to the global south by expanding its ties with vast infrastructure investments and cooperation on technology and security that is one central element of the china threat that is eliciting such fears and anguishp pthe us is reacting to this growing china threat in the arena where it is strong the us of course has overwhelming military dominance worldwide even right off the coast of china but its being enhanced last december military analyst michael klare a hrefhttpstomdispatchcomnonedarecallitencirclementreportsa president biden signed the national defense authorization act it calls for an unbroken chain of usarmed sentinel states stretching from japan and south korea in the northern pacific to australia the philippines thailand and singapore in the south and india on chinas eastern flank meant to encircle chinap pklare adds that ominously enough taiwan too is included in the chain of armed sentinel states the word ominously is well chosen china of course regards taiwan as part of china so does the us formally the official us onechina policy recognizes taiwan as part of china with a tacit agreement that no steps will be taken to forcefully change its status donald trump and secretary of state mike pompeo chipped away at this formula its now being driven to the brink china has the choice of either succumbing or resisting it is not going to succumbp pthis is only one component of the program to defend the us from the china threat a complementary element is to undermine chinas economy by means too wellknown to review in particular [in the uss eyes] china must be prevented from advancing in the technology of the future actually extending its lead in some areas such as electrification and renewable energy the technologies that might save us from our race to destroy the environment that sustains lifep pone aspect of these efforts to undermine chinas progress is to pressure other countries to reject superior chinese technology china has found a way to get around these efforts they are planning to establish technical schools in countries of the global south to teach advanced technology chinese technology which graduates will then use again the kind of aggression that is hard to confrontp pstrongus influence is clearly declining across the international system but one would not easily reach this conclusion by looking at the current us national security strategy which is still designed around the principle of the twowar doctrine even without expressly saying so in this context could it be argued that the us empire is weakening in the 21st century and that the end of the us empire might not be a peaceful event strongp pit has been widely predicted in foreign policy circles for many years that china is poised to surpass the us and to dominate world affairs a dubious prospect in my opinion unless the us continues on its current course of selfdestruction probably to be accelerated with the predicted congressional victory of the denialist party in novemberp pas we have a hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesnoamchomskygopssoftcoupisstillunderwayoneyearaftercapitolassaultdiscussed beforea for some years the former republican party has been more accurately described as a radical insurgency that has abandoned normal parliamentary politics to borrow the terms of political analysts thomas mann and norman ornstein of the american enterprise institute a decade ago when trumps takeover of the insurgency was not yet a nightmarep pthe trump administration established a twowar doctrine in all but name a war between two nuclear powers can quickly get out of control meaning the endp pa step towards utter irrationality was taken last december 27 perhaps in celebration of christmas when president biden signed the national defense authorization act discussed earlier enhancing the policy of encirclement of china containment being out of date that includes formation of the quad usindiajapanaustralia supplementing the aukus alliance australia uk us and the anglospheres five eyes all of them strategicmilitary alliances confronting china china has only a troubled hinterland as discussed earlier the radical military imbalance in favor of the us is being enhanced by other provocative acts carrying great risk apparently we cannot let down our guard with the axis powers on the march once againp pits all too easy to sketch a likely trajectory that is far from a pleasant prospect but we should never forget the usual proviso we do not have to be passive spectators thereby contributing to potential disasterp

hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticleschomskyuspushtoreignsupremestokestheukraineconflictimg sizesmaxwidth 200px 100vw 200px srchttpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized200x133jpg width200 altus soliders deloyed poland en route assist nato srcsethttpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized200x133jpg 200w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized400x267jpg 400w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized1200x800jpg 1200w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized800x533jpg 800w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resized1536x1024jpg 1536w httpstruthoutorgwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages1238520953_resizedjpg 1920w classwppostimage height133apirrational political panic american phenomenon apple pie arises result potential inability powersthatbe control outcome developments pose challenges interests existing socioeconomic order status quo geostrategic environment era cold war speaks volumes phenomenon evident earlier periods example red scare wake world war clear parallels presentday situation reactions ukraine rise china global powerp pin interview follows worldrenowned public intellectual noam chomsky delves phenomenon irrational political panics emphasis current developments foreign policy dangers seeking maintain global hegemony multipolar worldp pstrongcj polychroniou political culture united states propensity alarmism comes political developments tune economic interests ideological mindset strategic interests powersthatbe antispanish panic late 1890s todays rage russias security concerns ukraine chinas growing role world affairs political establishment media country tend respond fullblown alarm developments alignment interests values goals comment peculiar state affairs particular emphasis whats happening today connection ukraine chinastrongp pstrongnoam chomsky strongquite true hard believe significant revealing examples rhetorical framework major internal planning document early cold war years hrefhttpswwwencyclopediacomdefenseenergygovernmentanddefensemagazinesnsc68nsc68 1950a shortly loss china set frenzy document set stage huge expansion military budget worth recalling today strains madness reverberating time perennialp pthe policy recommendations nsc68 widely discussed scholarship avoiding hysterical rhetoric reads like fairytale ultimate evil confronted absolute purity noble idealism slave state fundamental design inherent compulsion gain absolute authority rest world destroying governments structure society ultimate evil contrasts sheer perfection fundamental purpose united states assure dignity worth individual leaders animated generous constructive impulses absence covetousness international relations particularly evident traditional domains influence western hemisphere long beneficiary washingtons tender solicitude inhabitants testifyp panyone familiar history actual balance global power time reacted performance utter bewilderment state department authors couldnt believed writing later gave indication secretary state dean acheson explained memoirs order ram huge planned military expansion necessary bludgeon mass mind government ways clearer truth highly influential sen arthur vandenberg surely understood advising [in 1947] government hrefhttpswwwcfrorgblogtwerememberstrumandoctrinescare hell american peoplea rouse pacifist backwardnessp pthere precedents drums beating right warnings american complacency naivete intentions mad dog putin destroy democracy subdue world alliance great satan xi jinpingp pthe february 4 putinxi summit timed opening olympic games recognized major event world affairs review major article emthe new york timesem headlined hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220209briefingchinarussiaalliancehtmla new axisa allusion unconcealed review reported intentions reincarnation axis powers message china russia sent countries clear david leonhardt writes pressure governments respect human rights hold elections washingtons dismay axis attracting countries american camp egypt saudi arabia stellar examples respects human rights elections camp providing massive flow weapons brutal dictatorships directly participating crimes new axis maintains powerful country able impose declared sphere influence country able topple weaker nearby government world interfering idea abhorred historical record revealsp ptwentyfive years ago delphi oracle issued maxim know thyself worth remembering perhapsp pas case nsc68 method madness china russia pose real threats global hegemon lightly striking common features opinion policy reacting threats merit thoughtp pthe atlantic council hrefhttpswwwatlanticcouncilorgcontentseriesinflectionpointstheworldstoptwoauthoritarianshaveteameduptheusshouldbeonalertmkt_toknju5lvdawc0wnzuaaagcdsxu3gryrxtcrpgwbd6llqrzxidjjiaqtiskw7iaxasjwy8jwtogszxpyjjg7lfyd6yjrxa4zgp4iw7wjrdpumjpdij9tre1drludel6describesa formation new axis tectonic shift global relations plans truly head spinning sides agreed closely link economies cooperation chinas belt road initiative putins eurasian economic union work develop arctic theyll deepen coordination multilateral institutions battle climate changep pwe underestimate grand significance ukraine crisis hrefhttpswwwatlanticcouncilorgcontentseriesatlanticcouncilstrategypaperseriesthwartingkremlinaggressiontodayforconstructiverelationstomorrowmkt_toknju5lvdawc0wnzuaaagcejxr0bamroqsipv6reqmaroso1z7it27xwgocynvkeajtm97yjdtdqc1tbiuhhvounhpbsryc5auriy6xneqoni0dwgrrmltlwpqurtadds damon wilsona president national endowment democracy stakes todays crisis ukraine future freedom lessp pstrong measures taken right away hrefhttpswwwcspanorgvideoc5000970germanchancellorhaltnordstream2pipelinerussiainvadesukrainesenatormcconnellsaysa senate minority leader mitch mcconnell president biden use tool tool box impose tough sanctions ahead invasion happens time dillydally macronstyle appeals raging bear temper violencep preceived doctrine confront formidable threat china stand firm ukraine europe wavers ukraine asks tone rhetoric pursue diplomatic measures luckily world washington unflinching dedication right righteously invades iraq strangles cuba defiance virtually uniform international protest plethora examplesp pto fair adherence doctrine uniform theres deviation forcefully far right tucker carlson probably influential tv voice hes said shouldnt involved defending ukraine russia devoting resources confronting far awesome china threat priorities straight combating axisp pwarnings russias mobilization invade ukraine annual media event crises 2014 regular reports tens hundreds thousands russian troops preparing attack today warnings far shrill mixture fear ridicule socalled mad vlad emnew york timesems thomas friedman describes hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220118opinionputinukrainehtmloneman psychodrama giant inferiority complex america leaves stalking world chip shoulder big amazing fit doora perspective russian leader seeking vain response repeated requests attention russias expressed concerns analysis emmintpressem found hrefhttpswwwmintpressnewscom279612227961290 percenta opinion pieces major national newspapers adopted hawkish militant stance bare scattering questioning familiar phenomenon days iraq invasion fact routinely state delivered wordp pas case sinosoviet conspiracy gain absolute authority rest world 1950 word act decisively counter threat new axis rulebased global order hailed commentators interesting concept ill return brieflyp pthe tectonic shift myth pose threat threatens primacy shaping world order thats true crisis areas borders russia china cases negotiated settlements reach regional settlements achieved ancillary role willing accept cost inflaming extremely hazardous confrontationsp pin ukraine basic outlines settlement wellknown sides hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticleschomskyoutdateduscoldwarpolicyworsensongoingrussiaukraineconflictweve discussed beforea repeat optimal outcome security ukraine world kind austriannordic neutrality prevailed cold war years offering opportunity western europe extent chose respect apart providing military bases threat russia internal ukrainian conflicts minsk ii provides general frameworkp pas analysts observe ukraine going join north atlantic treaty organization nato foreseeable future george w bush rashly issued invitation join immediately vetoed france germany remains table pressure option sides recognize astute knowledgeable central asia scholar anatol lieven hrefhttpswwwdemocracynoworg202227ukraine_years_of_conflict_with_russiautm_sourcedemocracynow21utm_campaignba07e01752daily_digest_copy_01utm_mediumemailutm_term0_fa2346a853ba07e01752192343593commentsa issue ukraines nato membership fact purely theoretical respects argument argument sides said russian westp phis comment brings mind [argentinian writer jorge luis] borgess description falklandmalvinas war bald men fighting combp prussia pleads security concerns matter high principle infringe sacred right sovereignty nations right join nato washington knows going happenp pon russian formal pledge nonalignment hardly increases russian security russian security enhanced washington hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesusapproachtoukraineandrussiahasleftthedomainofrationaldiscourseguaranteeda gorbachev inch natos present military jurisdiction spread eastern direction soon abrogated clinton radically w bush changed promise risen gentlemens agreement signed documentp pthe plea hardly rises level comedy utter disdain principle proudly proclaims recent history dramatically confirmsp pfor washington deeper issue regional settlement threat global role concern simmering right cold war years europe assume independent role world affairs surely gaullist lines europe atlantic urals revived gorbachevs 1989 advocacy common european home vast economic space atlantic urals unthinkable gorbachevs broader vision eurasian security system lisbon vladivostok military blocs shot discussion negotiations 30 years ago postcold war settlementp pthe commitment maintain atlanticist order europe reigns supreme policy implications reach europe crucial example chile 1973 working hard overthrow parliamentary government finally succeeding installation murderous pinochet dictatorship prime reason destroying democracy chile explained prime architect henry kissinger warned parliamentary social reforms chile provide model similar efforts italy spain lead europe independent path away subordination control model harsher capitalism domino theory derided abandoned important instrument statecraft issue arises regard regional settlement ukraine conflictp pmuch true confrontation china weve hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesnoamchomskyuschinacooperationisessentialtoavertanewcoldwardiscussed earliera issues concerning chinas violation international law neighboring seas maritime country refuses ratify un law sea hardly strong position object alleviate problems sending naval armada waters providing australia fleet nuclear submarines enhance overwhelming military superiority coasts china issues addressed regional powersp pas case ukraine downside chargep palso case ukraine professes commitment high principle taking lead confront threat china horror chinas human rights abuses doubtless severe easy assess sincerity stand revealing index military aid category israel egypt israeli record human rights refer hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesisraelipoliciessatisfythedefinitionofapartheidunderinternationallawdetailed reportsa amnesty international human rights watch reviewing crimes describe worlds second apartheid state egypt suffering harshest dictatorship tortured history generally years striking correlation military aid torture massacre severe human rights abusesp pthere need tarry washingtons concern human rights dedication sacred principle sovereignty fact absurdities discussed illustrates deeply rhetorical flights nsc68 permeate intellectual culturep phebrew university lecturer guy laron usefully hrefhttpsprospectorgworldukrainecrisisanotherchapterinrussianamericancarbonrivalryreminds usa facet ukraine crisis long struggle russia control europes energy headlines today russia player sought shift europe japan oilbased economy hand spigot marshall plan aid directed end george kennan zbigniew brzezinski commenting invasion iraq opposed felt confer advantages anticipated control major oil resources planners recognized control energy resources provide critical leverage allies later years saw struggles cold war framework laron describes prominent ukraine large confrontationsp pthroughout shape world order course driving concern policy makers postworld war ii washington acceptable form leadership particular form world order rulebased international order displaced earlier commitment unbased international order established lead world war ii hard discern reasons transition policy accompanying commentary rulebased order sets rulesp pthe true unbased order early years world war ii global dominance overwhelming un served virtually tool foreign policy weapon enemies surprisingly un highly regarded popular intellectual culture unbased international order guided washingtonp pthat turned passing phase un began fall favor elite opinion lurched control recovery industrial societies particularly decolonization brought discordant voices un independent structures nonaligned movement vocal active effectively barred international information order dominated traditional imperial societiesp pwithin un calls new international economic order offer global south better continuation largescale robbery violent intervention subversion colonized world enjoyed long reign western imperialism threats new international information order provide opportunity voices colonies enter international information system near monopoly imperial powersp pthe masters world undertook vigorous campaigns beat efforts major largely ignored chapter modern history completely hrefhttpswwwupressumnedubookdivisionbookshopeandfollyfine worka hrefhttpspressprincetonedubookshardcover9780691179155worldmakingafterempireexposure analysisap pone effect global souths disruptive efforts turn practice elite opinion un longer reliable agency power early cold war years furthermore foundations modern international law un treaties ratified completely unacceptable years passed particularly banning threat use force international affairs practice far lead conventional russia engaged proxy wars cold war years omitting fact rare exceptions conflicts russia provided support victims attack topics far prominencep pin context rulebased international order favored pillar world order annoyance china calls instead unbased international order rancorous march 2021 chinaus summit alaska putting aside sincerity pronouncementsp pits intriguing conflict china plays policy discourse domains frontpage story emthe new york timesem hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220204uspoliticshousechinacompetitivebillhtmlheadlineda house passes bill adding billions research compete china vote sets fight senate different recommendations united states bolster technology industry china official bill america competes act 2022 meaning compete chinap pthe passage bill hrefhttpsnewrepubliccomarticle165286competesactchinasupplychainhaileda leftliberal press house gave president joe biden reason celebrate friday passage bill aimed boosting competitiveness chinap pcould congress support research development help american society bill surely apparently china republicans reflexively opposed bill usual case hrefhttpsrollcallcom20220204houseovercomesrepublicanoppositiontopasscompetitionbillconcedes chinaa republicans opposed called far left initiatives addressing climate change bill derided house republican leader kevin mccarthy coral reefs bill saving humanity selfdestruction help compete chinap pa comment amendment bill introduced pramila jayapal chair progressive caucus release near10 billion afghan government held new york banks help relieve horrendous humanitarian crisis facing population voted fortyfour democrats hrefhttpstheinterceptcom20220203afghanistansanctionsvotepramilajayapalutm_mediumemailutm_sourcethe20intercept20newsletterjoineda republican brutality appears chinabased shanghai cooperation organization planning aid china threatp pthere denying china rising superpower confronting reporting study harvards belfer center international affairs graham allison argued socalled hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcominternationalarchive201509unitedstateschinawarthucydidestrap406756thucydides trapa likely lead uschina warp pthat happen uschina war means simply game critical global issues china cooperate work collapse bringing world themp pstrongone striking developments international arena today pulling mideast china moving different strategic approach overall agenda instead bombs missiles coercive diplomacy china expanding influence use soft power overseas expansion overwhelmingly dependent use hard power result leave black holes withdrawal extent argue result young nation ignorant history lack experience global affairs hard find examples benign imperialism strongp pi dont think forged new paths western imperial brutality simply consider immediate predecessors world control british wealth global power derived piracy heroic figures sir francis drake despoiling india guile violence hideous slavery worlds greatest narcotrafficking enterprise gracious acts france different belgium broke records hideous crimes todays china hardly benign limited reach exceptions hard findp pthe cases mention highly instructive features brought clearly unintentionally depicted article emthe new york timesem growing china threat hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220201worldmiddleeastchinamiddleeasthtmlheadline readsa pulls mideast china leans expanding ties middle eastern states vast infrastructure investments cooperation technology securityp pthats accurate example whats happening world withdrawing military forces battered mideast region decades traditional imperial style evil chinese exploiting retreat expanding chinas influence investment loans technology development programs whats called soft powerp pnot mideast extensive chinese project huge belt road initiative bri taking shape framework shanghai cooperation organization incorporates central asia states india pakistan russia iran reaching turkey eye central europe include afghanistan survive current catastrophe chinese aid development manage shift afghan economy heroin production europe core economy occupation exploitation rich mineral resourcesp pthe bri offshoots middle east including israel accompanying programs africa latin america strenuous objections recently china announced taking manufacturing facilities spanso paulospan ford abandoned initiate largescale electric vehicles production area china far aheadp pthe way counter efforts bombs missiles special forces raids rural communities dont workp pits old dilemma years ago vietnam counterinsurgency efforts stymied problem despairingly recognized intelligence province advisers vietnamese resistance viet cong vc discourse fighting political war domain weak responding military war arena strong couldnt overcome appeal vc programs peasant populationp pthe way kennedy administration react vc political war air force bombing rural areas authorizing napalm largescale crop livestock destruction programs drive peasants virtual concentration camps protected guerillas knew supporting consequences knowp pearlier dilemma explained secretary state john foster dulles addressing national security council problems brazil elites said like children capacity selfgovernment worse words hopelessly far soviets developing controls minds emotions unsophisticated peoples global south educated elites dulles lamented president communist ability control mass movements capacity duplicate poor people ones appeal wanted plunder richp pdulles left unsaid obvious poor people dont respond appeal rich plunder poor great reluctance turn arena violence dominatep pthats unlike dilemma posed china leans global south expanding ties vast infrastructure investments cooperation technology security central element china threat eliciting fears anguishp pthe reacting growing china threat arena strong course overwhelming military dominance worldwide right coast china enhanced december military analyst michael klare hrefhttpstomdispatchcomnonedarecallitencirclementreportsa president biden signed national defense authorization act calls unbroken chain usarmed sentinel states stretching japan south korea northern pacific australia philippines thailand singapore south india chinas eastern flank meant encircle chinap pklare adds ominously taiwan included chain armed sentinel states word ominously chosen china course regards taiwan china formally official onechina policy recognizes taiwan china tacit agreement steps taken forcefully change status donald trump secretary state mike pompeo chipped away formula driven brink china choice succumbing resisting going succumbp pthis component program defend china threat complementary element undermine chinas economy means wellknown review particular [in uss eyes] china prevented advancing technology future actually extending lead areas electrification renewable energy technologies save race destroy environment sustains lifep pone aspect efforts undermine chinas progress pressure countries reject superior chinese technology china found way efforts planning establish technical schools countries global south teach advanced technology chinese technology graduates use kind aggression hard confrontp pstrongus influence clearly declining international system easily reach conclusion looking current national security strategy designed principle twowar doctrine expressly saying context argued empire weakening 21st century end empire peaceful event strongp pit widely predicted foreign policy circles years china poised surpass dominate world affairs dubious prospect opinion continues current course selfdestruction probably accelerated predicted congressional victory denialist party novemberp pas hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesnoamchomskygopssoftcoupisstillunderwayoneyearaftercapitolassaultdiscussed beforea years republican party accurately described radical insurgency abandoned normal parliamentary politics borrow terms political analysts thomas mann norman ornstein american enterprise institute decade ago trumps takeover insurgency nightmarep pthe trump administration established twowar doctrine war nuclear powers quickly control meaning endp pa step utter irrationality taken december 27 celebration christmas president biden signed national defense authorization act discussed earlier enhancing policy encirclement china containment date includes formation quad usindiajapanaustralia supplementing aukus alliance australia uk anglospheres eyes strategicmilitary alliances confronting china china troubled hinterland discussed earlier radical military imbalance favor enhanced provocative acts carrying great risk apparently let guard axis powers march againp pits easy sketch likely trajectory far pleasant prospect forget usual proviso passive spectators contributing potential disasterp

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Fishy Results on Ocean Acidification - Marginal REVOLUTION

pthe replication crisis isnt just about social psychology a hrefhttpsjournalsplosorgplosbiologyarticleid101371journalpbio3001511a metaanalysisa of the effect of ocean acidification on fish behavior shows a big decline in effect size as the studies get larger and betterp blockquotepusing a systematic review and metaanalysis of 91 studies empirically testing effects of ocean acidification on fish behavior we provide quantitative evidence that the research to date on this topic is characterized by a decline effect where large effects in initial studies have all but disappeared in subsequent studies over a decade the decline effect in this field cannot be explained by 3 likely biological explanations including increasing proportions of studies examining 1 coldwater species 2 nonolfactoryassociated behaviors and 3 nonlarval life stages strongfurthermore the vast majority of studies with large effect sizes in this field tend to be characterized by low sample sizes yet are published in highimpact journals and have a disproportionate influence on the field in terms of citationsstrong we contend that ocean acidification has a negligible direct impact on fish behavior and we advocate for improved approaches to minimize the potential for a decline effect in future avenues of research [emphasis added at]pblockquote pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202202fishyresultsonoceanacidificationhtmlfishy results on ocean acidificationa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pthe replication crisis isnt social psychology hrefhttpsjournalsplosorgplosbiologyarticleid101371journalpbio3001511a metaanalysisa effect ocean acidification fish behavior shows big decline effect size studies larger betterp blockquotepusing systematic review metaanalysis 91 studies empirically testing effects ocean acidification fish behavior provide quantitative evidence research date topic characterized decline effect large effects initial studies disappeared subsequent studies decade decline effect field explained 3 likely biological explanations including increasing proportions studies examining 1 coldwater species 2 nonolfactoryassociated behaviors 3 nonlarval life stages strongfurthermore vast majority studies large effect sizes field tend characterized low sample sizes published highimpact journals disproportionate influence field terms citationsstrong contend ocean acidification negligible direct impact fish behavior advocate improved approaches minimize potential decline effect future avenues research [emphasis added at]pblockquote pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202202fishyresultsonoceanacidificationhtmlfishy results ocean acidificationa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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An underdiscussed biomedical problem? - Marginal REVOLUTION

pincluding for longevity research and perhaps most of all for longevity devicesp blockquotepa relnoopener hrefhttpsspectrumieeeorgwhatisneuralimplantneuromodulationbrainimplantselectroceuticalsneuralinkdefinitionexamples target_selfneural implantsadevices that interact with the human nervous system either on its periphery or in the brainare part of a rapidly growing category of medicine thats sometimes called electroceuticals some technologies are well established like deepbrain stimulators that a relnoopener hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikideep_brain_stimulationparkinson27s_disease target_blankreduce tremorsa in people with parkinsons disease but recent advances in neuroscience and digital technology have sparked a gold rush in brain tech with the outsized investments epitomized by elon musks buzzy brainimplant company a relnoopener hrefhttpsneuralinkcom target_blankneuralinka some companies talk of reversing depression treating alzheimers disease restoring mobility or even dangle the promise of superhuman cognitionp pnot all these companies will succeed and los angelesbased second sight provides a cautionary tale for bold entrepreneurs interested in brain tech what happens when cuttingedge implants fail or simply fade away like yesterdays flip phones and a relnoopener hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikibetamax target_blankbetamaxa even worse what if the companies behind them go bustpblockquote phere is a relnoopener hrefhttpsspectrumieeeorgbioniceyeobsolete target_blankthe full storya via a relnoopener hrefhttpstwittercomanecdotal target_blankanecdotala  was a relnoopener hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikithe_six_million_dollar_man target_blankcolonel steve austina built out of parts from startups  how many of those companies still would be aroundp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202202anunderdiscussedbiomedicalproblemhtmlan underdiscussed biomedical problema appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pincluding longevity research longevity devicesp blockquotepa relnoopener hrefhttpsspectrumieeeorgwhatisneuralimplantneuromodulationbrainimplantselectroceuticalsneuralinkdefinitionexamples target_selfneural implantsadevices interact human nervous system periphery brainare rapidly growing category medicine thats called electroceuticals technologies established like deepbrain stimulators thata relnoopener hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikideep_brain_stimulationparkinson27s_disease target_blankreduce tremorsain people parkinsons disease recent advances neuroscience digital technology sparked gold rush brain tech outsized investments epitomized elon musks buzzy brainimplant companya relnoopener hrefhttpsneuralinkcom target_blankneuralinka companies talk reversing depression treating alzheimers disease restoring mobility dangle promise superhuman cognitionp pnot companies succeed los angelesbased second sight provides cautionary tale bold entrepreneurs interested brain tech happens cuttingedge implants fail simply fade away like yesterdays flip phones anda relnoopener hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikibetamax target_blankbetamaxa worse companies bustpblockquote phere relnoopener hrefhttpsspectrumieeeorgbioniceyeobsolete target_blankthe storya relnoopener hrefhttpstwittercomanecdotal target_blankanecdotala relnoopener hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikithe_six_million_dollar_man target_blankcolonel steve austina built parts startups companies aroundp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202202anunderdiscussedbiomedicalproblemhtmlan underdiscussed biomedical problema appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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What is so great about *Pet Sounds*?

pthat question is the subject of a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwcoldtakescominvestigatingmusicalgeniusbylisteningtothebeachboysalot target_blankthis short holden karnofsky essaya  many people told holden it is the best album ever some citing its use of the recording studio and he tried to work his way through that claim basically remaining skeptical  here are a relnoopener hrefhttpsforumeffectivealtruismorgposts87augxnfxagaqr3mvcommentsforshortercoldtakespiecescommentidndypggtxxntkzwdbbihkvpwdeyyxhek5ne target_blankvarious responses to hima  here is a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwudiscovermusiccomstoriesbeachboyspetsoundsremainsworkart target_blanka piece explaining the wonders of pet soundsa it is ok enough but not so insightful  i would stress the following pointsp p1 it is an album of sadness loss and infinite longing  melancholy  do i know of a sadder album  listen to the lyrics  and yet it is all set amongst the sunshine and girls and southern california  as for the harmonies they are continually building up expectation and never satisfying it  it is necessary for the album to end on the down note of caroline no a song which itself just fades away and ends merging into the pet sounds that give the album its name  i think of the combination of the sadness and the rising and swelling but never satisfied expectations as the key feature of pet soundsp p2 it is worth a listenthrough following only the bass lines  you also will hear the huge influence on paul mccartneyp p2b it is worth a listenthrough following only the harmonies  the bells  the percussion  the woodwindsp p3 emi dont even think it is the best beach boys albumem  or sort of it is  overall i find a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvgtt6fo1viy0 target_blankthe smile perioda to be more profound noting that this material ended up spread out over a number of separate albums  that said every single composition on pet sounds is excellentp p4 you still believe in me and i just wasnt made for these times i both prefer to god only knows which perhaps i have heard too many timesp p5 overall i find the secret to the beach boys and some beatles listening to be their sound world  interpret the beach boys through john cage  listen to a simple song such as a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvirsrrfotldy target_blankvegetablesa but on a very good sound system or with head phones  surrounded by silence  or pick some of the other works from the smile period or even wild honey or the top cuts on sunflower such as tracks 710  try to discern the sound of the air behind the music the silences and the tautness of the sounds that emareem sent your way  internalize that understanding if you are trying this for the beatles pick the noises at the end of you never give me your money  carry that understanding of the sound world with you every time you hear a beach boys song  at first you will hear that sound world in the pet sounds at the end of the album most of all the train and then will you will hear it throughout the entire albump pmusical life will never be the same againp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202202whatissogreataboutpetsoundshtmlwhat is so great about pet soundsa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pthat question subject relnoopener hrefhttpswwwcoldtakescominvestigatingmusicalgeniusbylisteningtothebeachboysalot target_blankthis short holden karnofsky essaya people told holden best album citing use recording studio tried work way claim basically remaining skeptical relnoopener hrefhttpsforumeffectivealtruismorgposts87augxnfxagaqr3mvcommentsforshortercoldtakespiecescommentidndypggtxxntkzwdbbihkvpwdeyyxhek5ne target_blankvarious responses hima relnoopener hrefhttpswwwudiscovermusiccomstoriesbeachboyspetsoundsremainsworkart target_blanka piece explaining wonders pet soundsa ok insightful stress following pointsp p1 album sadness loss infinite longing melancholy know sadder album listen lyrics set sunshine girls southern california harmonies continually building expectation satisfying necessary album end note caroline song fades away ends merging pet sounds album think combination sadness rising swelling satisfied expectations key feature pet soundsp p2 worth listenthrough following bass lines hear huge influence paul mccartneyp p2b worth listenthrough following harmonies bells percussion woodwindsp p3 emi dont think best beach boys albumem sort overall find relnoopener hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvgtt6fo1viy0 target_blankthe smile perioda profound noting material ended spread number separate albums said single composition pet sounds excellentp p4 believe wasnt times prefer god knows heard timesp p5 overall find secret beach boys beatles listening sound world interpret beach boys john cage listen simple song relnoopener hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvirsrrfotldy target_blankvegetablesa good sound system head phones surrounded silence pick works smile period wild honey cuts sunflower tracks 710 try discern sound air music silences tautness sounds emareem sent way internalize understanding trying beatles pick noises end money carry understanding sound world time hear beach boys song hear sound world pet sounds end album train hear entire albump pmusical life againp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202202whatissogreataboutpetsoundshtmlwhat great pet soundsa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

62180899cd432160120593d4

Was Russia’s ‘rape’ of Ukraine inevitable?

p langenusin a press conference earlier this month vladimir putin noted that the ukrainian government does not like the minsk agreement and then added like it or not its your duty my beautyp p langenusthe saying has wellknown sexual connotations putin appeared to be a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwbusinessinsidercomputinmacronmeetingquoteobscenelyricsshowrussiaukrainedemands20222 datalinkindex0 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankquotinga from sleeping beauty in a coffin by the sovietera punk rock group red mold sleeping beauty in a coffin i crept up and fucked her like it or dislike it sleep my beautyp p langenusalthough the kremlin press representative claimed that putin referred to an old folkloric expression reference to ukraine as an object of necrophilia and rape is clear back in 2002 putin a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwrferlorga1101362html datalinkindex1 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankreplieda to a westerns journalists question with if you want to become a complete islamic radical and are ready to undergo circumcision then i invite you to moscow we are a multidenominational country we have specialists in this question [circumcision] i will recommend that they carry out the operation in such a way so that afterward nothing else will grow a rather vulgar threat of castrationp p langenusno wonder putin and trump were buddies in vulgarities the counterargument you often hear here is that at least politicians like putin and trump openly say what they mean and avoid hypocrisy here however i am wholeheartedly on the side of hypocrisy the form of hypocrisy is never just a form it is part of the content so that when we drop the form the content itself gets brutalizedp p langenusputins obscene remark should be read against the background of the ukrainian crisis which is presented in our media as the threat of the rape of a fair country this crisis is not without its comical aspects a proof in todays topsyturvy world that the crisis is serious the slovene political analyst boris ibej pointed out the comical character of the tensions around ukraine at the beginning of 2022 those who are expected to attack ie russia claim they have no intention to do it and those who act as if they want to calm down the situation insist that the fight is inevitablep p langenuswe can go on here in the past few weeks the us protector of ukraine was warning that war could explode at any moment while the president of ukraine the expected victim of the russian attack warned against war hysteria and called for calmp p langenusit is easy to translate this situation into that of a rape russia which is ready to rape ukraine claims it doesnt want to do it but between the lines its making it clear that if it doesnt get consent for sex from ukraine it is ready to commit rape recall putins vulgar reply russia also accuses ukraine of provoking it to commit rapep p langenusthe us which wants to protect ukraine from being raped rings the alarm bells about the imminent threat of rape so that it can assert itself as the protector of postsoviet states this protectiveness cannot but remind us of a local mobster who offers stores and restaurants in his domain protection against robbery with a veiled threat that if they reject his protection something may happen to themp p langenusukraine the target of the threat of rape tries to keep calm nervous also at us alarm bells aware that the uproar about rape can push russia to actually commit rapep p langenusso what lies behind this conflict with all its unpredictable dangers what if this conflict is so dangerous not because it reflects the growing strength of the two exsuperpowers but on the contrary proves that they are not able to accept the fact that they are no longer true global powersp p langenuswhen at the height of the cold war mao zedong said that the us is with all its weapons a paper tiger he forgot to add that paper tigers could be more dangerous that selfconfident real tigersp p langenusthe afghanistan withdrawal fiasco was just the last in a series of blows to the us supremacy and russias effort to reconstruct the soviet empire is nothing but a desperate attempt to cover up the fact that russia is now a weak state in decay as is also the case with actual rapists rapes signal the impotence of the aggressorp p langenus div a hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomsubscribethedcdiaryimg alt srchttpsspectatorworldcomwpcontentuploads202110emailnewslettermobpng classwpimage29949a div pthis impotence is palpable now that that the act of rape has begun with the first direct penetration of russian military into ukraine first that is if we discount the obscene role of the wagner group a private military company whose contractors have taken part in various conflicts including operations in the a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikisyrian_civil_war datalinkindex2 dataauthnotapplicable target_blanksyrian civil wara crimea central africa and republika srpska in bosnia this group of anonymous mercenaries an armslength unit of the russian ministry of defense used by the russian government in conflicts where a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikiplausible_deniability datalinkindex4 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankdeniabilitya is required has for years operated in donbas organizing the spontaneous resistance to ukraine as they already did in crimeap p langenusall of us from countries which have to witness the sad affair of ukraines rape should be aware that only a real castration prevents rape so we should recommend that the international community carries out a castrative operation on russia ignoring and marginalizing them as much as possible making it sure that afterwards nothing else will grow of their global authorityp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomtopicrussiarapeukraineinevitablewas russias rape of ukraine inevitablea appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomthe spectator worldap

p langenusin press conference earlier month vladimir putin noted ukrainian government like minsk agreement added like duty beautyp p langenusthe saying wellknown sexual connotationsputin appeared bea relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwbusinessinsidercomputinmacronmeetingquoteobscenelyricsshowrussiaukrainedemands20222 datalinkindex0 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankquotingafromsleeping beauty coffinby sovietera punk rock group red mold sleeping beauty coffin crept fucked like dislike sleep beautyp p langenusalthough kremlin press representative claimed putin referred old folkloric expression reference ukraine object necrophilia rape clear 2002 putina relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwrferlorga1101362html datalinkindex1 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankreplieda westerns journalists question withif want complete islamic radical ready undergo circumcision invite moscow multidenominational country specialists question [circumcision] recommend carry operation way afterward grow vulgar threat castrationp p langenusno wonder putin trump buddies vulgarities counterargument hear politicians like putin trump openly mean avoid hypocrisy amwholeheartedly ofhypocrisy form hypocrisy form content drop form content gets brutalizedp p langenusputins obscene remark read background ukrainian crisis presented media threat rape fair country crisis comical aspects proof todays topsyturvy world crisis slovene political analyst boris ibej pointed comical character tensions ukraine beginning 2022 expected attack ie russia claim intention act want calm situation insist fight inevitablep p langenuswe past weeks protector ukraine warning war explode moment president ukraine expected victim russian attack warned war hysteria called calmp p langenusit easy translate situation rape russia ready rape ukraine claims doesnt want lines making clear doesnt consent sex ukraine ready commit rape recall putins vulgar reply russia accuses ukraine provoking commit rapep p langenusthe wants protect ukraine raped rings alarm bells imminent threat rape assert protector postsoviet states protectiveness remind local mobster offers stores restaurants domain protection robbery veiled threat reject protection happen themp p langenusukraine target threat rape tries calm nervous alarm bells aware uproar rape push russia actually commit rapep p langenusso lies conflict unpredictable dangers conflict dangerous reflects growing strength exsuperpowers contrary proves able accept fact longer true global powersp p langenuswhen height cold war mao zedong said weapons paper tiger forgot add paper tigers dangerous selfconfident real tigersp p langenusthe afghanistan withdrawal fiasco series blows supremacy russias effort reconstruct soviet empire desperate attempt cover fact russia weak state decay case actual rapists rapes signal impotence aggressorp p langenus div hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomsubscribethedcdiaryimg alt srchttpsspectatorworldcomwpcontentuploads202110emailnewslettermobpng classwpimage29949a div pthis impotence palpable act rape begun direct penetration russian military ukraine discount obscene role wagner group private military company contractors taken conflicts including operations thea relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikisyrian_civil_war datalinkindex2 dataauthnotapplicable target_blanksyrian civil wara crimea central africa republika srpska bosnia group anonymous mercenaries armslength unit therussian ministry defense russian government conflicts relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikiplausible_deniability datalinkindex4 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankdeniabilityais required years operated donbas organizing spontaneous resistance ukraine crimeap p langenusall countries witness sad affair ukraines rape aware real castration prevents rape recommend international community carries castrative operation russia ignoring marginalizing possible making sure grow global authorityp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomtopicrussiarapeukraineinevitablewas russias rape ukraine inevitablea appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomthe spectator worldap

6218097dcd432160120593ea

My Conversation with Chuck Klosterman

pexcellent stuff we had so much fun we kept on going for an extra half hour as he decided to ask me a bunch of questions about economics and personal finance  here is a relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodeschuckklosterman target_blankthe audio and transcripta  here is the cwt summaryp blockquotepchuck joined tyler to discuss the challenges of writing about recent history the slow cancellation of the future that began in the aughts how the internet widened cultural knowledge but removed its depth why the context of emseinfeldem was in some ways more important than its content what emjurassic parkem illustrates about public feelings around scientific progress in the 90s why the 90s was the last era of physical mass subcultures why its uncommon to be shocked by modern music how his limited access to art when growing up made him a better critic why emspin magazineem became irrelevant with the advent of online streaming what made emgrantlandem so special what he learned from teaching in east germany the impact of politics on the legacies of eric clapton and van morrison how sports often rewards obnoxious personalities why wilt chamberlain is still underrated how the selfawareness of the portland trail blazers undermined them how the design of the nfl makes sports rivalries nearly impossible how prolevel compensation prevents sports gambling from corrupting players why so many people are interested in esports the unteachable element of writing why he didnt make a great editor on his school paper what hed say to a room filled with exlovers the question hed most like to ask his parents his impressions of cryptocurrency why hes trying to focus on what he has in the current moment rather than think too much about future plans the power of charisma and morepblockquote pwhew  here is one excerptp blockquote pstrongcowenstrong i see the world as follows every decade to me is super weird but the 1980s and 90s pretended they werent weird the 80s pretended to be good versus evil the 90s pretended that good won but when crypto comes and persists you have to drop all pretense that the age youre living in isnt totally weirdp pyou have internet crypto and everyone admits right now everythings weird and that to me is the fundamental break with the 1990s because everyone pretended most things were normal and that emseinfeldem was your dose of weird right jason alexander  thats a very manageable weirdp pstrongklosterman strongoh absolutelyp pstrongcowen strongsome guy in an apartment in new york city cracking sarcastic jokes  like whoopdedop blockquote pandp blockquotepstrongklostermanstrong this guy mark fisher whos dead now had this idea about the a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwgoodreadscomquotes9338376theslowcancellationofthefuturehasbeenaccompaniedby target_blank datahrefhttpswwwgoodreadscomquotes9338376theslowcancellationofthefuturehasbeenaccompaniedbyslow cancellation of the futurea i feel like thats one of the most profound ideas that ive come across in the last 10 years of my life and it seems so palpable that this is occurringp pan example i will often use is if you take say 10 minutes from an obscure film in 1965 with no major actors and then you take 10 minutes from an obscure film from 1980 where nobody became famous and you show anyone these 10minute clips they will have no problem whatsoever figuring out which one came first even a little kid can look at a movie from 1965 and a movie from 1980 and instantly understand that one predates the otherp pbut if you do that with a film from 2005 and a film from 2020  again an obscure film where you dont recognize the actors  youre just looking at it aesthetically and trying to deduce which one came first and which one came second its almost impossiblep pthis phenomenon just seems to almost be infiltrating every aspect of the culturep blockquote pandp blockquote pstrongklosterman strongbefore i did this podcast i listened to your a relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodesslavojzizek target_blank datahrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodesslavojzizekpodcast with iekap pstrongcowen strongoh yeah that was hilariousp pstrongklosterman strongare you emfriendsem with him it sure seemed like it and if you are what is it like to be with him when he is not in a performative scenariop blockquote precommended  and again here is chucks new book a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwamazoncomninetiesbookchuckklostermandp0735217955refsr_1_1crid2bkiadhqgf8p9keywordschuckklostermantheninetiesqid1645665944sprefixchuckklosterma2caps2c164sr81 target_blankthe ninetiesap pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202202myconversationwithchuckklostermanhtmlmy conversation with chuck klostermana appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pexcellent stuff fun kept going extra half hour decided ask bunch questions economics personal finance relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodeschuckklosterman target_blankthe audio transcripta cwt summaryp blockquotepchuck joined tyler discuss challenges writing recent history slow cancellation future began aughts internet widened cultural knowledge removed depth context ofemseinfeldemwas ways important content whatemjurassic parkemillustrates public feelings scientific progress 90s 90s era physical mass subcultures uncommon shocked modern music limited access art growing better critic whyemspin magazineembecame irrelevant advent online streaming madeemgrantlandemso special learned teaching east germany impact politics legacies eric clapton van morrison sports rewards obnoxious personalities wilt chamberlain underrated selfawareness portland trail blazers undermined design nfl makes sports rivalries nearly impossible prolevel compensation prevents sports gambling corrupting players people interested esports unteachable element writing didnt great editor school paper hed room filled exlovers question hed like ask parents impressions cryptocurrency hes trying focus current moment think future plans power charisma morepblockquote pwhew excerptp blockquote pstrongcowenstrong world follows decade super weird 1980s 90s pretended werent weird 80s pretended good versus evil 90s pretended good won crypto comes persists drop pretense age youre living isnt totally weirdp pyou internet crypto admits right everythings weird fundamental break 1990s pretended things normal thatemseinfeldemwas dose weird right jason alexanderthats manageable weirdp pstrongklostermanstrongoh absolutelyp pstrongcowenstrongsome guy apartment new york city cracking sarcastic jokeslike whoopdedop blockquote pandp blockquotepstrongklostermanstrong guy mark fisher whos dead idea thea relnoopener hrefhttpswwwgoodreadscomquotes9338376theslowcancellationofthefuturehasbeenaccompaniedby target_blank datahrefhttpswwwgoodreadscomquotes9338376theslowcancellationofthefuturehasbeenaccompaniedbyslow cancellation futurea feel like thats profound ideas ive come 10 years life palpable occurringp pan example use 10 minutes obscure film 1965 major actors 10 minutes obscure film 1980 famous 10minute clips problem whatsoever figuring came little kid look movie 1965 movie 1980 instantly understand predates otherp pbut film 2005 film 2020again obscure film dont recognize actorsyoure looking aesthetically trying deduce came came second impossiblep pthis phenomenon infiltrating aspect culturep blockquote pandp blockquote pstrongklostermanstrongbefore podcast listened youra relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodesslavojzizek target_blank datahrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodesslavojzizekpodcast iekap pstrongcowenstrongoh yeah hilariousp pstrongklostermanstrongare youemfriendsemwith sure like like performative scenariop blockquote precommended chucks new book relnoopener hrefhttpswwwamazoncomninetiesbookchuckklostermandp0735217955refsr_1_1crid2bkiadhqgf8p9keywordschuckklostermantheninetiesqid1645665944sprefixchuckklosterma2caps2c164sr81 target_blankthe ninetiesap pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202202myconversationwithchuckklostermanhtmlmy conversation chuck klostermana appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

622688886067a12cc2a47e9b

Critical Education: Transformative Social-Emotional Learning (SEL)

h4spanthe new discourses podcast with james lindsay episode 69brcritical education theory series part 6spanh4 ppossibly the most important topic happening in education at least if you care about the wellbeing health and safety of children and the future of this country is socialemotional learning sel socialemotional learning is the psychologizing of schooling and as one might expect it comes in a variety of forms the most contemporary and relevant form is the most marxist form because the marxist educators have completely hijacked any legitimacy the program ever had and turned it into a a relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202112groomerschools3thecreationofanamericanredguard datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsnewdiscoursescom202112groomerschools3thecreationofanamericanredguardampsourcegmailampust1646744141585000ampusgaovvaw1sg01cecqtsqp5xgmti94k target_blankmaoist nightmarea to ruin your kids so they can achieve their revolution in this long detailed episode of the new discourses podcast james lindsay helps you understand the most marxist version of sel transformative sel by reading a full academic paper describing it and the complete lack of evidence for its implementation the a relnoopener hrefhttpsocdeuseducationalservicesstudentachievementandwellnesssiteassetspagesphysicaleducationandphysicalactivitytransformative20social20and20emotional20learning20sel20toward20sel20in20service20of20educational20equity20and20excellencepdf datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsocdeuseducationalservicesstudentachievementandwellnesssiteassetspagesphysicaleducationandphysicalactivitytransformative2520social2520and2520emotional2520learning2520sel2520toward2520sel2520in2520service2520of2520educational2520equity2520and2520excellencepdfampsourcegmailampust1646744141585000ampusgaovvaw2kcgcwdyczwjsnowppy6j target_blankpapera appeared in ieducational psychologisti in 2019 bearing the title transformative social and emotional learning sel toward sel in service of educational equity and excellence and is by robert j jagers deborah rivasdrake and brittney williams if you want to save our schools you have to understand what transformative sel is and the casel model it has colonized and you can do that by joining james for this informative episodep pcritical education theory seriesbr part 1 a hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202112educationsnewmarxistcommitmentseducations new marxist commitmentsabr part 2 a hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202201howeducationturnedcriticalhow education turned criticalabr part 3 a relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202201paulofreirespoliticseducationnewhope target_blankpaulo freires politics of education and a new hopeabr part 4 a relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202202paulofreirespropheticvisioneducation target_blankpaulo freires prophetic vision for educationabr part 5 a hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202202criticaleducationwhatisculturallyrelevantpedagogycritical education what is culturally relevant pedagogyap hr pemsubscribe to the new discourses podcast on spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssoundcloudcomnewdiscourses target_blanksoundcloudaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsapplecomuspodcastnewdiscoursesid1499880546 target_blankapple podcastsaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsgooglecomfeedahr0cdovl2zlzwrzlnnvdw5ky2xvdwquy29tl3vzzxjzl3nvdw5ky2xvdwq6dxnlcnm6nzgxmte2mzi1l3nvdw5kcy5yc3m target_blankgoogle podcastsaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsopenspotifycomshow0hfzdaxi5l4lnjqstfwgzpsikd5rtswgt1epiuyrixmlgw target_blankspotifyaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blankstitcheraspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blanka spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomplaylistlistpl2hruftaprxcqcbydcaullid2d9exyny target_blankyoutubeaspanspan or by spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsfeedssoundcloudcomuserssoundcloudusers781116325soundsrss target_blankrssaspanspanemp pemprevious episodes of the new discourses podcast are available spanspana relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomtagndpodcast target_blankhereaspanspanemp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202203criticaleducationtransformativesocialemotionallearningselcritical education transformative socialemotional learning sela appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomnew discoursesap

h4spanthe new discourses podcast james lindsay episode 69brcritical education theory series 6spanh4 ppossibly important topic happening education care wellbeing health safety children future country socialemotional learning sel socialemotional learning psychologizing schooling expect comes variety forms contemporary relevant form marxist form marxist educators completely hijacked legitimacy program turned aa relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202112groomerschools3thecreationofanamericanredguard datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsnewdiscoursescom202112groomerschools3thecreationofanamericanredguardampsourcegmailampust1646744141585000ampusgaovvaw1sg01cecqtsqp5xgmti94k target_blankmaoist nightmareato ruin kids achieve revolution long detailed episode new discourses podcast james lindsay helps understand marxist version sel transformative sel reading academic paper describing complete lack evidence implementation thea relnoopener hrefhttpsocdeuseducationalservicesstudentachievementandwellnesssiteassetspagesphysicaleducationandphysicalactivitytransformative20social20and20emotional20learning20sel20toward20sel20in20service20of20educational20equity20and20excellencepdf datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsocdeuseducationalservicesstudentachievementandwellnesssiteassetspagesphysicaleducationandphysicalactivitytransformative2520social2520and2520emotional2520learning2520sel2520toward2520sel2520in2520service2520of2520educational2520equity2520and2520excellencepdfampsourcegmailampust1646744141585000ampusgaovvaw2kcgcwdyczwjsnowppy6j target_blankpaperaappeared inieducational psychologistiin 2019 bearing title transformative social emotional learning sel sel service educational equity excellence byrobert j jagers deborah rivasdrake brittney williams want save schools understand transformative sel casel model colonized joining james informative episodep pcritical education theory seriesbr 1a hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202112educationsnewmarxistcommitmentseducations new marxist commitmentsabr 2a hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202201howeducationturnedcriticalhow education turned criticalabr 3a relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202201paulofreirespoliticseducationnewhope target_blankpaulo freires politics education new hopeabr 4a relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202202paulofreirespropheticvisioneducation target_blankpaulo freires prophetic vision educationabr 5 hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202202criticaleducationwhatisculturallyrelevantpedagogycritical education culturally relevant pedagogyap hr pemsubscribe new discourses podcast spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssoundcloudcomnewdiscourses target_blanksoundcloudaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsapplecomuspodcastnewdiscoursesid1499880546 target_blankapple podcastsaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsgooglecomfeedahr0cdovl2zlzwrzlnnvdw5ky2xvdwquy29tl3vzzxjzl3nvdw5ky2xvdwq6dxnlcnm6nzgxmte2mzi1l3nvdw5kcy5yc3m target_blankgoogle podcastsaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsopenspotifycomshow0hfzdaxi5l4lnjqstfwgzpsikd5rtswgt1epiuyrixmlgw target_blankspotifyaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blankstitcheraspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blankaspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomplaylistlistpl2hruftaprxcqcbydcaullid2d9exyny target_blankyoutubeaspanspan byspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsfeedssoundcloudcomuserssoundcloudusers781116325soundsrss target_blankrssaspanspanemp pemprevious episodes new discourses podcast available spanspana relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomtagndpodcast target_blankhereaspanspanemp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202203criticaleducationtransformativesocialemotionallearningselcritical education transformative socialemotional learning sela appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomnew discoursesap

6227d9e52ba2ae6415cef755

Authoritarianism is the reason for Russia’s struggles in Ukraine

pover christmas selfisolating with covid i rewatched ian kershaw and laurence reess classic bbc documentary series emthe nazis a warning from historyem it is a gripping production that looks at the rise of the nazis and adolf hitler their plunging of germany into war and genocide and their subsequent fallp pone episode in the series examines the nazi obsession with order represented by mass rallies and carefully synchronised set pieces for the cameras at events such as the 1936 berlin olympics yet as documented by kershaw and rees much of this was a faade the nazis only created an illusion of perfect order scratch the surface and administrative chaos prevailedp pits not only the nazis that fooled the world into accepting their state was both stronger and more orderly than the reality virtually nobody in the west predicted the peaceful fall of communism to most western observers the soviet union appeared to be a mighty military power right up until its demise even the intelligence agencies were caught wrongfooted as robert gates the director of the cia a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom19920521worlddirectoradmitsciafellshortinpredictingthesovietcollapsehtml target_blankadmitteda in the months after the final soviet leader mikhail gorbachev resigned it was not until 1989 that the agency began to think that the entire edifice might well collapsep pi suspect we are labouring under similar illusions about vladimir putins russia there is of course every chance that the aggressive chauvinistic kleptocracy built and sustained by the russian president over his 22 years in power will lumber on for many years to come the kremlin sits on vast natural resources it can assassinate political opponents overseas and has the capability to launch bloody wars of imperial expansion it also possesses nuclear weaponsp pmany in the west seem to accept at least on some level that democracy is inherently more vulnerable to subversion and collapse than dictatorship has china discovered a better political system than democracy a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcominternationalarchive201510chinapoliticscommunismdemocracy412663 target_blankaskeda the ematlanticem a few years ago figures on both the left and right frequently a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwhuffingtonpostcoukentrynigelfaragerussiaukrainecrisiswarputin_uk_6217aa96e4b0d1388f1120b4 target_blankwarna against western politicians poking the russian bear dissatisfaction with democracy is a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgglobal20190429manyacrosstheglobearedissatisfiedwithhowdemocracyisworking target_blankincreasinga across the globe in light of institutional scandals amid a western democratic malaisep psuperficially at least the notion that democracy is in an unfavourable position visvis its challengers feels like a plausible proposition a rising china an aggressive russia and that populist discontent our own democracies are mired in seems to lend credence to this narrativep pa lack of democratic accountability is more often a source of weakness than an indication of strength however subordinates in dictatorships survive by telling their superiors what they want to hear instead of the truth this is true of all such systems whether communist or as in the case of russia nationalistic and chauvinistic accurate information is discouraged by a system that rewards obedience and loyalty yesmen thrive while whistleblowers are ruthlessly purgedp prussia has not yet lost the war in ukraine however there can be little doubt that the conflict is unfolding contrary to how the kremlin had hoped it would a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202203putinswarisindisarrayutm_termautofeedutm_mediumsocialutm_sourcetwitterechobox1646724693 target_blankas lawrence freedman writesa for the emnew statesmanem russia has now committed well over 90 per cent of the tremendous force that was gathered around ukraine before 24 february and is still unable to take its early objectives according to the ukrainian government russia lost 11000 troops in a little over a week of fightingp pit seems increasingly clear that one of the reasons putins war in ukraine is going badly is because kremlin courtiers are feeding bad information to their increasingly isolated president in the leadup to the invasion putin was clearly badly informed about the strength of ukrainian resolve and its sense of national identityp pemstrong[see also a hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancominternationalpoliticsgeopolitics202203putinswarisindisarrayputins war is in disarraya]strongemp pevidence has now emerged that shows just how damaging such systematic lying can be a whistleblower thought to be from the fsb russias security apparatus and the successor organisation to the kgb has described the war as a total failure in a leaked a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwthetimescoukarticlethiswarwillbeatotalfailurefsbwhistleblowersayswl2gtdl9m target_blank2000word documenta that appeared over the weekend the document paints a picture of a country under the iron grip of a leadership that has deliberately shut itself off from realityp pthis is a feature not a bug of dictatorships in our interconnected increasingly online world authoritarian governments can no longer strive for omnipotence instead they pretend that there is no objective reality only competing visions as gleb pavlovsky one of vladimir putins early spin doctors a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsunherdcom201908thewaragainstobjectivity target_blankhas writtena of putinism everyone invents their own normal humanity their own right historyp pthis has proved to be an effective strategy when it comes to generating fear in the west about socalled information wars the idea that democracy is being undermined by a climate of posttruth has been a central theme in numerous books and oped columns that have appeared in recent yearsp pyet posttruth is a less useful basis on which to sustain ones own rule especially during a crisis the soviet union collapsed because information about the economy was systematically distorted by a system in which the telling of uncomfortable truths was severely punished in the absence of open and democratic public life the mechanisms by which clear signals about the health of the economy could be transmitted were nonexistentp pthis resulted in endemic levels of corruption waste and ultimately the demise of the system itself as mikhail gorbachevs prime ministerequivalent nikolai ryzhkov a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsbooksgooglecoukbooksidsfradwaaqbajpgpt80lpgpt80dqnikolaiiryzhkove2809c5bwe5dstolefromourselvestookandgavebribesliedinthereportsinnewspapersfromhighpodiumswallowedinourlieshungmedalsononeanotherandallofthise28094fromtoptobottomandfrombottomtotope2809dsourceblotss3jwizshr3sigacfu3u3x3zysloz4djlb8u9an1rrzeoxqhlensaxved2ahukewjxrczgprb2ahulzcakhwmjba0q6af6bagceamvonepageqnikolai20i20ryzhkov20e2809c5bwe5d20stole20from20ourselves2c20took20and20gave20bribes2c20lied20in20the20reports2c20in20newspapers2c20from20high20podiums2c20wallowed20in20our20lies2c20hung20medals20on20one target_blankwritesa of the final decade of soviet rule [we] lied in the reports in newspapers from high podiums wallowed in our lies hung medals on one another and all of this from top to bottom and from bottom to topp psystematic lietelling is a feature of the contemporary russian system too ordered to assess the impact of western sanctions fsb officers were a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwthetimescoukarticlethiswarwillbeatotalfailurefsbwhistleblowersayswl2gtdl9m target_blankreportedlya encouraged to keep a lid on bad news you have to write the analysis in a way that makes russia the victor otherwise you get questioned for not doing good work the leaked document says suddenly it happens and everything comes down to your completely groundless analysisp pjudging by the unfolding russian debacle in ukraine it seems clear that putins war strategy was based on just such groundless analyses one wonders how the kremlins courtiers will break the news that the investment bank morgan stanley is a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20220307morganstanleyseesrussiasetforvenezuelastyledebtdefault target_blankpredictinga russia will experience a venezuelastyle default by midspring as a result of sanctionsp pit is easy at times to view our divided democracies as hopelessly inept when faced with the apparent unity and singleminded resolve of an undemocratic foe yet the unfolding russian military debacle in ukraine goes to show that dictatorships can be paper tigers once you strip away the veneer of power and prestige an army of flatterers is not conducive to an effective battlefield army strong political and economic systems depend on accurate feedback something only democracy can providep pemstrong[see also a hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202203ispresidentputinswarreallycomingtokyivlysedoucetsdiaryfromukrainekyiv holds its breath lyse doucets diary from ukrainea]strongemp

pover christmas selfisolating covid rewatched ian kershaw laurence reess classic bbc documentary series emthe nazis warning historyem gripping production looks rise nazis adolf hitler plunging germany war genocide subsequent fallp pone episode series examines nazi obsession order represented mass rallies carefully synchronised set pieces cameras events 1936 berlin olympics documented kershaw rees faade nazis created illusion perfect order scratch surface administrative chaos prevailedp pits nazis fooled world accepting state stronger orderly reality virtually west predicted peaceful fall communism western observers soviet union appeared mighty military power right demise intelligence agencies caught wrongfooted robert gates director cia relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom19920521worlddirectoradmitsciafellshortinpredictingthesovietcollapsehtml target_blankadmitteda months final soviet leader mikhail gorbachev resigned 1989 agency began think entire edifice collapsep pi suspect labouring similar illusions vladimir putins russia course chance aggressive chauvinistic kleptocracy built sustained russian president 22 years power lumber years come kremlin sits vast natural resources assassinate political opponents overseas capability launch bloody wars imperial expansion possesses nuclear weaponsp pmany west accept level democracy inherently vulnerable subversion collapse dictatorship china discovered better political system democracy relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcominternationalarchive201510chinapoliticscommunismdemocracy412663 target_blankaskeda ematlanticem years ago figures left right frequently relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwhuffingtonpostcoukentrynigelfaragerussiaukrainecrisiswarputin_uk_6217aa96e4b0d1388f1120b4 target_blankwarna western politicians poking russian bear dissatisfaction democracy relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgglobal20190429manyacrosstheglobearedissatisfiedwithhowdemocracyisworking target_blankincreasinga globe light institutional scandals amid western democratic malaisep psuperficially notion democracy unfavourable position visvis challengers feels like plausible proposition rising china aggressive russia populist discontent democracies mired lend credence narrativep pa lack democratic accountability source weakness indication strength subordinates dictatorships survive telling superiors want hear instead truth true systems communist case russia nationalistic chauvinistic accurate information discouraged system rewards obedience loyalty yesmen thrive whistleblowers ruthlessly purgedp prussia lost war ukraine little doubt conflict unfolding contrary kremlin hoped relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202203putinswarisindisarrayutm_termautofeedutm_mediumsocialutm_sourcetwitterechobox1646724693 target_blankas lawrence freedman writesa emnew statesmanem russia committed 90 cent tremendous force gathered ukraine 24 february unable early objectives according ukrainian government russia lost 11000 troops little week fightingp pit increasingly clear reasons putins war ukraine going badly kremlin courtiers feeding bad information increasingly isolated president leadup invasion putin clearly badly informed strength ukrainian resolve sense national identityp pemstrong[see hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancominternationalpoliticsgeopolitics202203putinswarisindisarrayputins war disarraya]strongemp pevidence emerged shows damaging systematic lying whistleblower thought fsb russias security apparatus successor organisation kgb described war total failure leaked relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwthetimescoukarticlethiswarwillbeatotalfailurefsbwhistleblowersayswl2gtdl9m target_blank2000word documenta appeared weekend document paints picture country iron grip leadership deliberately shut realityp pthis feature bug dictatorships interconnected increasingly online world authoritarian governments longer strive omnipotence instead pretend objective reality competing visions gleb pavlovsky vladimir putins early spin doctors relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsunherdcom201908thewaragainstobjectivity target_blankhas writtena putinism invents normal humanity right historyp pthis proved effective strategy comes generating fear west socalled information wars idea democracy undermined climate posttruth central theme numerous books oped columns appeared recent yearsp pyet posttruth useful basis sustain ones rule especially crisis soviet union collapsed information economy systematically distorted system telling uncomfortable truths severely punished absence open democratic public life mechanisms clear signals health economy transmitted nonexistentp pthis resulted endemic levels corruption waste ultimately demise system mikhail gorbachevs prime ministerequivalent nikolai ryzhkov relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsbooksgooglecoukbooksidsfradwaaqbajpgpt80lpgpt80dqnikolaiiryzhkove2809c5bwe5dstolefromourselvestookandgavebribesliedinthereportsinnewspapersfromhighpodiumswallowedinourlieshungmedalsononeanotherandallofthise28094fromtoptobottomandfrombottomtotope2809dsourceblotss3jwizshr3sigacfu3u3x3zysloz4djlb8u9an1rrzeoxqhlensaxved2ahukewjxrczgprb2ahulzcakhwmjba0q6af6bagceamvonepageqnikolai20i20ryzhkov20e2809c5bwe5d20stole20from20ourselves2c20took20and20gave20bribes2c20lied20in20the20reports2c20in20newspapers2c20from20high20podiums2c20wallowed20in20our20lies2c20hung20medals20on20one target_blankwritesa final decade soviet rule [we] lied reports newspapers high podiums wallowed lies hung medals topp psystematic lietelling feature contemporary russian system ordered assess impact western sanctions fsb officers relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwthetimescoukarticlethiswarwillbeatotalfailurefsbwhistleblowersayswl2gtdl9m target_blankreportedlya encouraged lid bad news write analysis way makes russia victor questioned good work leaked document says suddenly happens comes completely groundless analysisp pjudging unfolding russian debacle ukraine clear putins war strategy based groundless analyses wonders kremlins courtiers break news investment bank morgan stanley relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20220307morganstanleyseesrussiasetforvenezuelastyledebtdefault target_blankpredictinga russia experience venezuelastyle default midspring result sanctionsp pit easy times view divided democracies hopelessly inept faced apparent unity singleminded resolve undemocratic foe unfolding russian military debacle ukraine goes dictatorships paper tigers strip away veneer power prestige army flatterers conducive effective battlefield army strong political economic systems depend accurate feedback democracy providep pemstrong[see hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202203ispresidentputinswarreallycomingtokyivlysedoucetsdiaryfromukrainekyiv holds breath lyse doucets diary ukrainea]strongemp

6227dbc62ba2ae6415cef788

Escaping American tribalism

pspanone summer afternoon when i was 23 this was in 1987 i was twiddling the dial on the radio in the apartment i was subletting on 114th st when i stumbled on a station that was unlike anything that i had ever heard before they were in the middle of a story about the appalachian trail profiling some of the people who were hiking its two thousand miles that year the reporting was calm patient intelligent allowing the subject to find its own shape unfolding slowly minute after minute like the trail itself spanp pspanwhat is this i thought what portal had i fallen through id been raised on 1010 wins all news all the time blaring the same rotation of headlines weather traffic and trivia in 40second increments for hours at a stretch the piece that i had happened on that day went on improbably for over 20 minutesspanp pspanthe program i was listening to was called spanispanall things consideredspanispan on a network with the unfamiliar name of npr short for national public radio i was immediately hooked in no time flat id put it on whenever i was home spanispanmorning editionspanispan as soon as i opened my eyes spanispanall things consideredspanispan when i got back in the afternoon spanispanfresh airspanispan during dinner i fell in love with robert siegels wit rene montagnes voice scott simons charm these people got me they shared my interests my outlook my sensibilities for the first time i felt myself reflected in the public sphere npr i put it to a friend a few years later is my home in americaspanp divdiv pspanand thats the way it was for over 30 years through the advent of spanispantalk of the nationspanispan and spanispanthis american lifespanispan of spanispanon the media spanispanand spanispanhere amp nowspanispan npr became the soundtrack of my life when i drove cooked ate exercised did laundry three or four hours a day every dayspanp pspanthat is until around the beginning of last year my discontent had been building since the previous summer the summer of the george floyd protests it was clear from the beginning that the network would be covering the movement not like journalists but advocates a particular line was being pushed there was an epidemic of police violence against unarmed africanamericans black people were in danger of being murdered by the state whenever they walked down the street the protests were peaceful and when they werent the violence was minor or it was justified or it was exclusively initiated by the cops although we had been told for months to stay indoors the gatherings did not endanger public health indeed they promoted it i supported the protests i just did not appreciate the fact that i was being lied tospanp pspanbut it wasnt just that story overnight the networks entire orientation had changed every segment was about race and when it wasnt about race it was about gender the stories were no longer reports but morality plays with predictable bad guys and good guys scepticism was banished divergent opinions were banished the pronouncements of activists the arguments of ideologically motivated academics were accepted without question the tone became smug certain selfrighteous to turn on the network was to be subjected to a program of ideological forcefeeding i was used to the idiocies of the academic left i had been dealing with them ever since i started graduate school but now they were leaking out of my radiospanp pspannor was it only npr one by one the outlets that i counted on for reliable reporting and intelligent opinion that i in some measure identified with fell in line spanispanthe new york timesspanispan which was already in an advanced state of decay surrendered completely ditto spanispanthe new yorkerspanispan spanispanthe atlanticspanispan was drifting in the same direction inroads appeared in spanispanthe new york review of booksspanispan satirists whom i admired for their alert sense of irony their ability to recognise the absurdity at all points of the political spectrum  stephen colbert john oliver got the new religion and started preaching sermons spanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203indefenceofwokenessrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202203indefenceofwokenessrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages1218190450copy1300x169jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203indefenceofwokenessrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203indefenceofwokenessrefinnarh5in defence of wokenessh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203indefenceofwokenessrefinnarspanbyspan tomiwa owoladeapdivadiv pspanmoral clarity became the new journalistic standard as if the phrase meant anything other than tailoring the evidence to fit ones preexisting beliefs i was lamenting the loss not of journalistic objectivity a foolish term and impossible goal but of simple journalistic good faith a willingness to gather and present the facts that bear upon an issue honestly and clearly regardless of their implicationsspanp pspanfor months i felt trapped alone with my incredulity was i the only person seeing this every time i turned on npr my exasperation grew basically i was hatelistening after a certain point but what was the alternative i literally couldnt think of any then by sheer dumb luck i was invited on a podcast to discuss a book i had recently published it was spanispanthe unspeakablespanispan with meghan daum and while i had never thought of myself as a podcast person i so enjoyed myself was so impressed with her intelligence and humour that i became a listenerspanp pspani quickly discovered that there spanispanwasspanispan another person seeing what i had been seeing and not only seeing it but talking about it frankly fearlessly incisively in public and not only one person for i also discovered from references she dropped that there were other podcasts like hers ones where things you werent supposed to talk about were talked about where things you werent supposed to say were said but how was i going to find the time to listen to them on top of all that npr and then it came to me i could just stop listening to nprspanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202109whyweneedtoberepressedrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202109whyweneedtoberepressedrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202109gettyimages162118665300x169jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202109whyweneedtoberepressedrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202109whyweneedtoberepressedrefinnarh5the importance of repressionh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202109whyweneedtoberepressedrefinnarspanbyspan park macdougald apdivadiv pspanso that is pretty much what i did now in addition to spanispanthe unspeakablespanispan i listen to spanispanblocked and reportedspanispan katie herzog and jesse singal spanispanthe dishcastspanispan andrew sullivan spanispanthe glenn showspanispan glenn loury with john mcwhorter as a regular guest spanispanhonestlyspanispan bari weiss and spanispanlibertiestalkspanispan celeste marcus i dont agree with everything these people say still less with everything their guests do weiss is on the centreleft sullivan and loury on the centreright but more to the point all of these figures are heterodox which means that their positions arent predictablespanp pspanbut i didnt start listening to them because i felt i had a civic duty to expose myself to opinions i disagree with i started listening to them because i couldnt stand the bullshit anymore because i needed to let in some air they make me think they introduce me to perspectives that i hadnt entertained they teach me things and they are usually things the spanispantimesspanispan or npr wont tell youspanp pspani have learned about the lableak hypothesis before it became an acceptable topic of discourse about the lunacy of transgender orthodoxy affirmative therapy for small children the cotton ceiling about the real statistics on police killings of unarmed black people according to a spanispanwashington post spanispandatabase the number shot to death came to 18 in 2020 6 in 2021 about the truth about matthew shepard who was murdered by a sometime lover and another acquaintance over drugs jacob blake who was shot while stealing his girlfriends car kidnapping her children resisting arrest and trying to stab a cop and kyle rittenhouse who worked in kenosha had a father who lived there and was out that night however misguidedly to protect property and provide medical assistancespanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howsensitivityreaderscorruptedliteraturerefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howsensitivityreaderscorruptedliteraturerefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202201kate1e1643385172784300x152jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howsensitivityreaderscorruptedliteraturerefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howsensitivityreaderscorruptedliteraturerefinnarh5how sensitivity readers corrupt literatureh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howsensitivityreaderscorruptedliteraturerefinnarspanbyspan kate clanchy apdivadiv pmore broadly i have learned of the emergence of an alternative ecosystem of independentminded journalists experts and thinkers many of them exiles voluntary or otherwise from the established media they are free of institutional allegiances they are unintimidated by the twitter mob they are committed to free inquiry and free speech they are unafraid of debate for the first time in a good long while i feel myself reflected in the public sphere i have a home once again in americap pspanwe talk incessantly these days about political polarisation americans are hunkered down in our camps we say in our tribes we are blue versus red urban versus rural secular versus religious but wherever there are tribes there are individuals who leave their tribe renegades heretics converts expatriates emigrants exiles the late great anthropologist david graeber remarked that despite what we tend to believe about premodern social formations that they were selfenclosed and inescapable some five percent of their inhabitants on average left their groupspanp pspanso it clearly is today whatever the exact percentage we rarely talk about this but we should it would help us perceive that our tribes mentally and socially are not so inescapable so selfenclosed that we have options that there arent just two camps that you do not have to join a camp at all because most of the people who leave one i would venture to say do not join the other they become as we say politically homeless antitrump conservatives who do not recognise whats happened to their movement or their party progressives like me who are disgusted at the spectacle of what progressivism has becomespanp pbut maybe the most important reason to talk about the existence of todays political renegades and ideological heretics is to enable each of them each of us to feel less lonely to live within a tribe is to enjoy the reassurance that youre one of many to leave one to break ones attachments to call down the condemnation of ones peers and friends is necessarily to feel that youre alone but you are not alonep diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages12280186791300x169jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendrefinnarh5what biden gets wrong about raceh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendrefinnarspanbyspan glenn loury apdivadiv pspanso why do people leave how do they change their minds different ways i think there is the lightning conversion the stunning realisation that everything youd previously thought is wrong and everything youd thought is wrong is right today that sometimes seems to happen to individuals who are raised in restrictive religious environments and who find themselves exposed accidentally or otherwise to the scepticism and relativism of the secular world though obviously the road to damascus can lead in the other direction the direction of faith there is the opposite experience the feeling not that you have changed but that your tribe has something that many are feeling with respect to one or other of the major political formations there is the slow accretion of countervailing information that eventually leads gradually then suddenly like hemingways bankrupt to a change in ones view of reality the way a scientist changes their mindspanp pspanbut for me the most important way and not just because it is the one i find most salient for me is this you change your mind when you consent to stop ignoring things you know full well but do not want to think about things that you push to the edges of consciousness or all the way out few of us are scientists we do not gather facts through careful ordered processes we arent compelled to make our arguments in formal terms in front of expert referees our thinking is less about finding the truth than about making ourselves feel good and so when we encounter a countervailing piece of information an uncomfortable truth we dismiss it as an anomaly or as not undermining the general point forgetting the previous anomalies and not regarding how they might together utterly destroy the pointspanp pto overcome such a block to look in the face an unwelcome reality is first consternation then liberation anyone whos been in therapy will understand this the truth always feels good on a certain level just because it is the truth it relieves us of the psychic stress it costs us to resist itp pspana few examples from my own thought some concern the recognition that we on our side are not any better in many respects than those scoundrels on the other yes conservatives are making common cause with authoritarian regimes but only lately did i let myself acknowledge that the left has done the same for many years with cuba still today nicaragua in the 80s north vietnam in the 60s the soviet union in the 30s yes republican leaders are cowards who refuse to denounce the trumpian extremists in their ranks but only recently did i allow myself to see that many leaders on the left are equally spineless equally faithless equally complicit in the face of the extremists on their own side for a lifelong leftist pushing sixty admitting this is as joe biden might say a big fucking dealspanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202108howtheleftwilllosetheculturewarsrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202108howtheleftwilllosetheculturewarsrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202108gettyimages623416966594x5941300x198jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202108howtheleftwilllosetheculturewarsrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202108howtheleftwilllosetheculturewarsrefinnarh5how cancel culture hurts the lefth5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202108howtheleftwilllosetheculturewarsrefinnarspanbyspan kat rosenfield apdivadiv pspanbut those are just examples and they and others like them add up to far more than the sum of their parts for knowing now how wrong i think ive been about so many things knowing too that outlets and authorities i trusted have been at the least not telling the entire truth and sometimes outright lying knowing furthermore that others ones to which im not supposed to pay attention might supply the fact or argument that challenges another unexamined assumption all this has been to use one of daums favourite words destabilising she started her podcast shes said because she doesnt know what to think anymore and when i first heard her say that i smugly dissented no more there are plenty of issues on which i still possess a firm opinion but there are none i now believe on which my opinion cannot be overturnedspanp pspanhistory is changing fast stabilities are fracturing intellectual borders are shifting new movements have emerged impelled by hidden emotional currents impelled in turn by forces economic technological environmental but history ive learned isnt just something that happens out there the upheavals it causes are psychic as well i had read about this with respect to people in the past but now i find that i am living it but that is the thing about history we always think of it as happening to others until it comes for usspanp pp pemnote i originally wrote this essay for a different publication it was one with which ive had a long and fruitful relationship and the editorinchief who is retiring invited me to contribute to his valedictory issue his initial reaction was positive to say the leastem emlike all your best pieces he wrote and like many of the other best pieces ive run this one makes me a little scared but also makes me excited by the prospect of waking people up it wakes me up ive felt some of this without ever quite admitting it to myselfemp pem this i should say was according to plan while politically neutral in theory the journal had been drifting in the same direction as the rest of the mainstream media waking up his readers whom i doubt had ever heard this kind of argument before was exactly my intentionemp pemalas it was not to be two weeks later the editor wrote me again [t]he more ive thought about it the less comfortable ive become with associating [the journal] with many of the assertions you make [t]here is too much in your piece that i could not defendemp pemi had written a piece about the truths we arent allowed to utter on the left but that truth too apparently must not be utteredemem the editor it seemed did not appreciate the irony wdemp a hrefhttpsunherdcom202203escapingamericantribalismappcommentsview 21 commentsa

pspanone summer afternoon 23 1987 twiddling dial radio apartment subletting 114th st stumbled station unlike heard middle story appalachian trail profiling people hiking thousand miles year reporting calm patient intelligent allowing subject find shape unfolding slowly minute minute like trail itselfspanp pspanwhat thought portal fallen id raised 1010 wins news time blaring rotation headlines weather traffic trivia 40second increments hours stretch piece happened day went improbably 20 minutesspanp pspanthe program listening called spanispanall things consideredspanispan network unfamiliar npr short national public radio immediately hooked time flat id home spanispanmorning editionspanispan soon opened eyes spanispanall things consideredspanispan got afternoon spanispanfresh airspanispan dinner fell love robert siegels wit rene montagnes voice scott simons charm people got shared interests outlook sensibilities time felt reflected public sphere npr friend years later home americaspanp divdiv pspanand thats way 30 years advent spanispantalk nationspanispan spanispanthis american lifespanispan spanispanon media spanispanand spanispanhere amp nowspanispan npr soundtrack life drove cooked ate exercised laundry hours day dayspanp pspanthat beginning year discontent building previous summer summer george floyd protests clear beginning network covering movement like journalists advocates particular line pushed epidemic police violence unarmed africanamericans black people danger murdered state walked street protests peaceful werent violence minor justified exclusively initiated cops told months stay indoors gatherings endanger public health promoted supported protests appreciate fact lied tospanp pspanbut wasnt story overnight networks entire orientation changed segment race wasnt race gender stories longer reports morality plays predictable bad guys good guys scepticism banished divergent opinions banished pronouncements activists arguments ideologically motivated academics accepted question tone smug certain selfrighteous turn network subjected program ideological forcefeeding idiocies academic left dealing started graduate school leaking radiospanp pspannor npr outlets counted reliable reporting intelligent opinion measure identified fell line spanispanthe new york timesspanispan advanced state decay surrendered completely ditto spanispanthe new yorkerspanispan spanispanthe atlanticspanispan drifting direction inroads appeared spanispanthe new york review booksspanispan satirists admired alert sense irony ability recognise absurdity points political spectrum stephen colbert john oliver got new religion started preaching sermonsspanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203indefenceofwokenessrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202203indefenceofwokenessrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages1218190450copy1300x169jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203indefenceofwokenessrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203indefenceofwokenessrefinnarh5in defence wokenessh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203indefenceofwokenessrefinnarspanbyspan tomiwa owoladeapdivadiv pspanmoral clarity new journalistic standard phrase meant tailoring evidence fit ones preexisting beliefs lamenting loss journalistic objectivity foolish term impossible goal simple journalistic good faith willingness gather present facts bear issue honestly clearly regardless implicationsspanp pspanfor months felt trapped incredulity person seeing time turned npr exasperation grew basically hatelistening certain point alternative literally couldnt think sheer dumb luck invited podcast discuss book recently published spanispanthe unspeakablespanispan meghan daum thought podcast person enjoyed impressed intelligence humour listenerspanp pspani quickly discovered spanispanwasspanispan person seeing seeing seeing talking frankly fearlessly incisively public person discovered references dropped podcasts like ones things werent supposed talk talked things werent supposed said going find time listen npr came stop listening nprspanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202109whyweneedtoberepressedrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202109whyweneedtoberepressedrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202109gettyimages162118665300x169jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202109whyweneedtoberepressedrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202109whyweneedtoberepressedrefinnarh5the importance repressionh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202109whyweneedtoberepressedrefinnarspanbyspan park macdougald apdivadiv pspanso pretty addition spanispanthe unspeakablespanispan listen spanispanblocked reportedspanispan katie herzog jesse singal spanispanthe dishcastspanispan andrew sullivan spanispanthe glenn showspanispan glenn loury john mcwhorter regular guest spanispanhonestlyspanispan bari weiss spanispanlibertiestalkspanispan celeste marcus dont agree people guests weiss centreleft sullivan loury centreright point figures heterodox means positions arent predictablespanp pspanbut didnt start listening felt civic duty expose opinions disagree started listening couldnt stand bullshit anymore needed let air think introduce perspectives hadnt entertained teach things usually things spanispantimesspanispan npr wont tell youspanp pspani learned lableak hypothesis acceptable topic discourse lunacy transgender orthodoxy affirmative therapy small children cotton ceiling real statistics police killings unarmed black people according spanispanwashington post spanispandatabase number shot death came 18 2020 6 2021 truth matthew shepard murdered lover acquaintance drugs jacob blake shot stealing girlfriends car kidnapping children resisting arrest trying stab cop kyle rittenhouse worked kenosha father lived night misguidedly protect property provide medical assistancespanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howsensitivityreaderscorruptedliteraturerefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howsensitivityreaderscorruptedliteraturerefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202201kate1e1643385172784300x152jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howsensitivityreaderscorruptedliteraturerefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howsensitivityreaderscorruptedliteraturerefinnarh5how sensitivity readers corrupt literatureh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202howsensitivityreaderscorruptedliteraturerefinnarspanbyspan kate clanchy apdivadiv pmore broadly learned emergence alternative ecosystem independentminded journalists experts thinkers exiles voluntary established media free institutional allegiances unintimidated twitter mob committed free inquiry free speech unafraid debate time good long feel reflected public sphere home americap pspanwe talk incessantly days political polarisation americans hunkered camps tribes blue versus red urban versus rural secular versus religious tribes individuals leave tribe renegades heretics converts expatriates emigrants exiles late great anthropologist david graeber remarked despite tend believe premodern social formations selfenclosed inescapable percent inhabitants average left groupspanp pspanso clearly today exact percentage rarely talk help perceive tribes mentally socially inescapable selfenclosed options arent camps join camp people leave venture join politically homeless antitrump conservatives recognise whats happened movement party progressives like disgusted spectacle progressivism becomespanp pbut maybe important reason talk existence todays political renegades ideological heretics enable feel lonely live tribe enjoy reassurance youre leave break ones attachments condemnation ones peers friends necessarily feel youre alonep diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202202gettyimages12280186791300x169jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendrefinnarh5what biden gets wrong raceh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202202americasracialtormentmustendrefinnarspanbyspan glenn loury apdivadiv pspanso people leave change minds different ways think lightning conversion stunning realisation youd previously thought wrong youd thought wrong right today happen individuals raised restrictive religious environments find exposed accidentally scepticism relativism secular world obviously road damascus lead direction direction faith opposite experience feeling changed tribe feeling respect major political formations slow accretion countervailing information eventually leads gradually suddenly like hemingways bankrupt change ones view reality way scientist changes mindspanp pspanbut important way find salient change mind consent stop ignoring things know want think things push edges consciousness way scientists gather facts careful ordered processes arent compelled arguments formal terms expert referees thinking finding truth making feel good encounter countervailing piece information uncomfortable truth dismiss anomaly undermining general point forgetting previous anomalies utterly destroy pointspanp pto overcome block look face unwelcome reality consternation liberation whos therapy understand truth feels good certain level truth relieves psychic stress costs resist itp pspana examples thought concern recognition better respects scoundrels yes conservatives making common cause authoritarian regimes lately let acknowledge left years cuba today nicaragua 80s north vietnam 60s soviet union 30s yes republican leaders cowards refuse denounce trumpian extremists ranks recently allow leaders left equally spineless equally faithless equally complicit face extremists lifelong leftist pushing admitting joe biden big fucking dealspanp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202108howtheleftwilllosetheculturewarsrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202108howtheleftwilllosetheculturewarsrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202108gettyimages623416966594x5941300x198jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202108howtheleftwilllosetheculturewarsrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202108howtheleftwilllosetheculturewarsrefinnarh5how cancel culture hurts lefth5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202108howtheleftwilllosetheculturewarsrefinnarspanbyspan kat rosenfield apdivadiv pspanbut examples like add far sum parts knowing wrong think ive things knowing outlets authorities trusted telling entire truth outright lying knowing furthermore ones im supposed pay attention supply fact argument challenges unexamined assumption use daums favourite words destabilising started podcast shes said doesnt know think anymore heard smugly dissented plenty issues possess firm opinion believe opinion overturnedspanp pspanhistory changing fast stabilities fracturing intellectual borders shifting new movements emerged impelled hidden emotional currents impelled turn forces economic technological environmental history ive learned isnt happens upheavals causes psychic read respect people past find living thing history think happening comes usspanp pp pemnote originally wrote essay different publication ive long fruitful relationship editorinchief retiring invited contribute valedictory issue initial reaction positive leastem emlike best pieces wrote like best pieces ive run makes little scared makes excited prospect waking people wakes ive felt admitting myselfemp pemthis according plan politically neutral theory journal drifting direction rest mainstream media waking readers doubt heard kind argument exactly intentionemp pemalas weeks later editor wrote [t]he ive thought comfortable ive associating [the journal] assertions [t]here piece defendemp pemi written piece truths arent allowed utter left truth apparently utteredemem editor appreciate irony wdemp hrefhttpsunherdcom202203escapingamericantribalismappcommentsview 21 commentsa

622a7e6ce10f7e83f24734c7

My Conversation with the excellent Sam Bankman-Fried

phere is a relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodessambankmanfried target_blankthe audio video and transcripta  here is part of the summaryp blockquotephe joined tyler to discuss the sam bankmanfried production function the secret to his trading success how games like emmagic the gatheringem have shaped his approach to business why a legal mind is crucial when thinking about cryptocurrencies the most important thing hes learned about managing what bill belichick can teach us about being a good leader the real constraints in the effective altruism space why hes not very compelled by life extension research challenges to his benthamite utilitarianism whether its possible to coherently regulate stablecoins the implicit leverage in defi elon musks greatest product why he thinks ethereum is overrated where in the world has the best french fries why hes bullish on the bahamas and morepblockquote pand an excerptp blockquote pstrongcowen strongnow for mathematical finance as you know we at least pretend we can rationally price equities and bonds people started with a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomtermsccapmasp target_blank datahrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomtermsccapmaspcapma its much more complicated than that now but based on similar kinds of ideas  ultimately arbitrage right  if you think of crypto assets do we even have a pretense that we have a rational theory of how theyre pricedp pstrongbankmanfried strongwith a few of them not with most in particular lets talk about a relnoopener hrefhttpsdogecoincom target_blank datahrefhttpsdogecoincomdogecoina for a second which i think is the purest of a type of coin of the a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpcmagcomhowtowhatisamemecoinhowdotheywork target_blank datahrefhttpswwwpcmagcomhowtowhatisamemecoinhowdotheyworkmeme coina i think the whole thing with dogecoin is that it does away with that pretense there is no sense in which any reasonable person could look at dogecoin and be like yes discounted cash flow i think that theres something bizarre and wacky and dangerous but also powerful about that about getting rid of the pretensep pi think thats one example of a place where there is no pretense anymore that there is any real sense of how do you price this thing other than supply and demand like memes versus  i dont know  antimemes i think that more generally though thats happened to a lot of assets its just less explicit in a lot of themp pwhat is elon musks greatest product ever or whats his most successful product ever i dont think its an electric car i dont think its a rocket ship i think one product of his has outperformed all of his other products in demand and thats a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomteslastocktsla5105321 target_blank datahrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomteslastocktsla5105321tslaa the ticker emthatem is his masterpiece how is that priced i dont know its worth tesla its a product people want tesla stockp pstrongcowen strongbut the prevalence of memes dogecoin your point about musk  which i would all accept  does that then make you go back and revisit how everything else is priced the stuff that was supposed to be more rational in the first place  is that actually now quite general and youve seen it through crypto or notp pstrongbankmanfried strongabsolutely it absolutely forces you to go back and say well okay thats how cryptocurrencies are priced is it really just crypto thats priced that way or maybe are there other asset classes that may claim to have some pricing or purport to or people may often assume it does but which in practice is not exactly that i think the answer to that is a pretty straightforward yesp pits a pretty straightforward answer that you look at tesla you look at a emlotem of stocks right now you think about what determines their market cap  the discounted cash flow yeah sort of that plays a role in it thats 30 percent of the answer its when we look at the meme stocks and the meme coins that we feel like we can see the answer for ourselves for the first time but it was always there in the other stocks as well and social media has been amplifying this all over the placep pstrongcowen strongis this a new account of how your background as a gamer with memes has made you the appropriate person for pricing and arbitrage in cryptop pstrongbankmanfried strongyeah theres probably some truth to that [laughs]p blockquote pinteresting throughout and not just for crypto fansp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202203myconversationwiththeexcellentsambankmanfriedhtmlmy conversation with the excellent sam bankmanfrieda appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

phere relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodessambankmanfried target_blankthe audio video transcripta summaryp blockquotephe joined tyler discuss sam bankmanfried production function secret trading success games likeemmagic gatheringemhave shaped approach business legal mind crucial thinking cryptocurrencies important thing hes learned managing bill belichick teach good leader real constraints effective altruism space hes compelled life extension research challenges benthamite utilitarianism possible coherently regulate stablecoins implicit leverage defi elon musks greatest product thinks ethereum overrated world best french fries hes bullish bahamas morepblockquote pand excerptp blockquote pstrongcowenstrongnow mathematical finance know pretend rationally price equities bonds people started witha relnoopener hrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomtermsccapmasp target_blank datahrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomtermsccapmaspcapma complicated based similar kinds ideasultimately arbitrage rightif think crypto assets pretense rational theory theyre pricedp pstrongbankmanfriedstrongwith particular lets talk abouta relnoopener hrefhttpsdogecoincom target_blank datahrefhttpsdogecoincomdogecoinafor second think purest type coin thea relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpcmagcomhowtowhatisamemecoinhowdotheywork target_blank datahrefhttpswwwpcmagcomhowtowhatisamemecoinhowdotheyworkmeme coina think thing dogecoin away pretense sense reasonable person look dogecoin like yes discounted cash flow think theres bizarre wacky dangerous powerful getting rid pretensep pi think thats example place pretense anymore real sense price thing supply demand like memes versusi dont knowantimemes think generally thats happened lot assets explicit lot themp pwhat elon musks greatest product whats successful product dont think electric car dont think rocket ship think product outperformed products demand thatsa relnoopener hrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomteslastocktsla5105321 target_blank datahrefhttpswwwinvestopediacomteslastocktsla5105321tslaa tickeremthatemis masterpiece priced dont know worth tesla product people want tesla stockp pstrongcowenstrongbut prevalence memes dogecoin point muskwhich acceptdoes revisit priced stuff supposed rational placeis actually general youve seen crypto notp pstrongbankmanfriedstrongabsolutely absolutely forces okay thats cryptocurrencies priced crypto thats priced way maybe asset classes claim pricing purport people assume practice exactly think answer pretty straightforward yesp pits pretty straightforward answer look tesla look aemlotemof stocks right think determines market capthe discounted cash flow yeah sort plays role thats 30 percent answer look meme stocks meme coins feel like answer time stocks social media amplifying placep pstrongcowenstrongis new account background gamer memes appropriate person pricing arbitrage cryptop pstrongbankmanfriedstrongyeah theres probably truth [laughs]p blockquote pinteresting crypto fansp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202203myconversationwiththeexcellentsambankmanfriedhtmlmy conversation excellent sam bankmanfrieda appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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How Critical Race Theory Operates

h4resisting critical race theory workshop session 4 of 5h4 pwhat is critical race theory what does it believe where does it come from how does it work and what can we do about it these are core questions to understanding our times in this series of lectures originally delivered in tampa florida in july of 2021 james lindsay the founder of new discourses gives thorough deep answers to these questionsp pin this fourth lecture in the series lindsay steps away from theory and into praxis that is the practical application of critical race theory that is in this lecture lindsay breaks down what critical race theory does makes more critical race theorists and nothing else he also elaborates on how critical race theory does it which is through the complicated idea called praxis and through a significant number of linguistic social and psychological distortions and extortions for those in attendance and many since this lecture has been considered the most eyeopening and clarifying of the series critical race theory is as critical race theory does and all critical race theory does is take every pain to transform everything in society into a critical race theorist programming machine if you are facing critical race theory in your life this is a mustwatch lecture on the operating principles of critical race theory join him in this and the other lectures in the series to understand critical race theory like you never have beforep pfor those interested in learning even more lindsays newest book spanspania relnoopener hrefhttpsamznto3s25ifj datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsamznto3s25ifjampsourcegmailampust1645727082510000ampusgaovvaw1ag0d3vrf0detagadkpysk target_blankrace marxism the truth about critical race theory and praxisaispanspan was developed out of the notes for this series of lectures his notes for this lecture served as the basis for the very detailed third chapter of the book get the book and follow along with the lecturesp hr psession 1 a hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202202workshop1whatiscriticalracetheorywhat is critical race theoryabr session 2 a hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202202proximateideologicaloriginscriticalracetheorythe proximate ideological origins of critical race theoryabr session 3 a hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202203deepideologicaloriginscriticalracetheorythe deep ideological origins of critical race theoryap pemthe audio version of this presentation is available on spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssoundcloudcomnewdiscourses target_blanksoundcloudaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsapplecomuspodcastnewdiscoursesid1499880546 target_blankapple podcastsaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsgooglecomfeedahr0cdovl2zlzwrzlnnvdw5ky2xvdwquy29tl3vzzxjzl3nvdw5ky2xvdwq6dxnlcnm6nzgxmte2mzi1l3nvdw5kcy5yc3m target_blankgoogle podcastsaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsopenspotifycomshow0hfzdaxi5l4lnjqstfwgzpsikd5rtswgt1epiuyrixmlgw target_blankspotifyaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blankstitcheraspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blanka or by spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsfeedssoundcloudcomuserssoundcloudusers781116325soundsrss target_blankrssaspanspanemp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202203howcriticalracetheoryoperateshow critical race theory operatesa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomnew discoursesap

h4resisting critical race theory workshop session 4 5h4 pwhat critical race theory believe come work core questions understanding times series lectures originally delivered tampa florida july 2021 james lindsay founder new discourses gives thorough deep answers questionsp pin fourth lecture series lindsay steps away theory praxis practical application critical race theory lecture lindsay breaks critical race theory makes critical race theorists elaborates critical race theory complicated idea called praxis significant number linguistic social psychological distortions extortions attendance andmany lecture considered eyeopening clarifying series critical race theory critical race theory critical race theory takeevery pain transform society critical race theorist programming machine facing critical race theory life mustwatch lecture operating principles critical race theory join lectures series understand critical race theory like beforep pfor interested learning lindsays newest bookspanspania relnoopener hrefhttpsamznto3s25ifj datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsamznto3s25ifjampsourcegmailampust1645727082510000ampusgaovvaw1ag0d3vrf0detagadkpysk target_blankrace marxism truth critical race theory praxisaispanspan developed notes series lectures notes lecture served basis detailed chapter book book follow lecturesp hr psession 1 hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202202workshop1whatiscriticalracetheorywhat critical race theoryabr session 2 hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202202proximateideologicaloriginscriticalracetheorythe proximate ideological origins critical race theoryabr session 3 hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202203deepideologicaloriginscriticalracetheorythe deep ideological origins critical race theoryap pemthe audio version presentation available spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssoundcloudcomnewdiscourses target_blanksoundcloudaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsapplecomuspodcastnewdiscoursesid1499880546 target_blankapple podcastsaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsgooglecomfeedahr0cdovl2zlzwrzlnnvdw5ky2xvdwquy29tl3vzzxjzl3nvdw5ky2xvdwq6dxnlcnm6nzgxmte2mzi1l3nvdw5kcy5yc3m target_blankgoogle podcastsaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsopenspotifycomshow0hfzdaxi5l4lnjqstfwgzpsikd5rtswgt1epiuyrixmlgw target_blankspotifyaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blankstitcheraspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blanka spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsfeedssoundcloudcomuserssoundcloudusers781116325soundsrss target_blankrssaspanspanemp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202203howcriticalracetheoryoperateshow critical race theory operatesa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomnew discoursesap

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The Healthcare Triage Podcast: How We Solve the Reproducibility Crisis – Incentives in Academia | The Incidental Economist

pin this eightepisode podcast series we interview several experts about the reproducibility crisis and how they think the culture of science plays into that span dirltrnow that weve talked about all the things in science culture that spanspan dirltrcontribute to reproducibility problems lets talk about how we can fix themspan in this eighth and final episode we focus mainly on practices that need changing within academiap p p piframe allowfullscreenallowfullscreen srchttpshtml5playerlibsyncomembedepisodeid22306022height90themecustomthumbnailyesdirectionforwardrenderplaylistnocustomcolor000000 width100 height90iframepthe post a hrefhttpstheincidentaleconomistcomwordpressthehealthcaretriagepodcasthowwesolvethereproducibilitycrisisincentivesinacademiathe healthcare triage podcast how we solve the reproducibility crisis incentives in academiaa first appeared on a hrefhttpstheincidentaleconomistcomwordpressthe incidental economista

pin eightepisode podcast series interview experts reproducibility crisis think culture science plays span dirltrnow weve talked things science culture spanspan dirltrcontribute reproducibility problems lets talk fix themspan eighth final episode focus mainly practices need changing academiap pp piframe allowfullscreenallowfullscreen srchttpshtml5playerlibsyncomembedepisodeid22306022height90themecustomthumbnailyesdirectionforwardrenderplaylistnocustomcolor000000 width100 height90iframepthe post hrefhttpstheincidentaleconomistcomwordpressthehealthcaretriagepodcasthowwesolvethereproducibilitycrisisincentivesinacademiathe healthcare triage podcast solve reproducibility crisis incentives academiaa appeared hrefhttpstheincidentaleconomistcomwordpressthe incidental economista

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Preparing for Defeat

img altpreparing for defeat srchttpswwwamericanpurposecomcontentimages202203kievstatuejpgpim writing this from skopje north macedonia where ive been for the last week teaching one of our a hrefhttpscddrlfsistanfordeduladeventsleadership academy for developmenta courses following the ukraine war is no different here in terms of available information except that im in an adjacent time zone and the fact that there is more support for putin in the balkans than in other parts of europe a lot of the latter is due to serbia and serbias hosting of sputnikppill stick my neck out and make several prognosticationspollirussia is heading for an outright defeat in ukraine russian planning was incompetent based on a flawed assumption that ukrainians were favorable to russia and that their military would collapse immediately following an invasion russian soldiers were evidently carrying dress uniforms for their victory parade in kyiv rather than extra ammo and rations putin at this point has committed the bulk of his entire military to this operationthere are no vast reserves of forces he can call up to add to the battle russian troops are stuck outside various ukrainian cities where they face huge supply problems and constant ukrainian attackslilithe collapse of their position could be sudden and catastrophic rather than happening slowly through a war of attrition the army in the field will reach a point where it can neither be supplied nor withdrawn and morale will vaporize this is at least true in the north the russians are doing better in the south but those positions would be hard to maintain if the north collapseslilithere is no diplomatic solution to the war possible prior to this happening there is no conceivable compromise that would be acceptable to both russia and ukraine given the losses they have taken at this pointlilithe united nations security council has proven once again to be useless the only helpful thing was the general assembly vote which helps to identify the worlds bad or prevaricating actorslilithe biden administrations decisions not to declare a nofly zone or help transfer polish migs were both good ones theyve kept their heads during a very emotional time it is much better to have the ukrainians defeat the russians on their own depriving moscow of the excuse that nato attacked them as well as avoiding all the obvious escalatory possibilities the polish migs in particular would not add much to ukrainian capabilities much more important is a continuing supply of javelins stingers tb2s medical supplies comms equipment and intel sharing i assume that ukrainian forces are already being vectored by nato intelligence operating from outside ukrainelilithe cost that ukraine is paying is enormous of course but the greatest damage is being done by rockets and artillery which neither migs nor a nofly zone can do much about the only thing that will stop the slaughter is defeat of the russian army on the groundliliputin will not survive the defeat of his army he gets support because he is perceived to be a strongman what does he have to offer once he demonstrates incompetence and is stripped of his coercive powerlilithe invasion has already done huge damage to populists all over the world who prior to the attack uniformly expressed sympathy for putin that includes matteo salvini jair bolsonaro ric zemmour marine le pen viktor orbn and of course donald trump the politics of the war has exposed their openly authoritarian leaningslilithe war to this point has been a good lesson for china like russia china has built up seemingly hightech military forces in the past decade but they have no combat experience the miserable performance of the russian air force would likely be replicated by the peoples liberation army air force which similarly has no experience managing complex air operations we may hope that the chinese leadership will not delude itself as to its own capabilities the way the russians did when contemplating a future move against taiwanlilihopefully taiwan itself will wake up as to the need to prepare to fight as the ukrainians have done and restore conscription lets not be prematurely defeatistlilia hrefhttpswwwamericanpurposecomblogfukuyamadroningonturkish dronesa will become bestsellerslilia russian defeat will make possible a new birth of freedom and get us out of our funk about the declining state of global democracy the spirit of 1989 will live on thanks to a bunch of brave ukrainiansliol

img altpreparing defeat srchttpswwwamericanpurposecomcontentimages202203kievstatuejpgpim writing skopje north macedonia ive week teaching hrefhttpscddrlfsistanfordeduladeventsleadership academy developmenta courses following ukraine war different terms available information im adjacent time zone fact support putin balkans parts europe lot serbia serbias hosting sputnikppill stick neck prognosticationspollirussia heading outright defeat ukraine russian planning incompetent based flawed assumption ukrainians favorable russia military collapse immediately following invasion russian soldiers evidently carrying dress uniforms victory parade kyiv extra ammo rations putin point committed bulk entire military operationthere vast reserves forces add battle russian troops stuck outside ukrainian cities face huge supply problems constant ukrainian attackslilithe collapse position sudden catastrophic happening slowly war attrition army field reach point supplied withdrawn morale vaporize true north russians better south positions hard maintain north collapseslilithere diplomatic solution war possible prior happening conceivable compromise acceptable russia ukraine given losses taken pointlilithe united nations security council proven useless helpful thing general assembly vote helps identify worlds bad prevaricating actorslilithe biden administrations decisions declare nofly zone help transfer polish migs good ones theyve kept heads emotional time better ukrainians defeat russians depriving moscow excuse nato attacked avoiding obvious escalatory possibilities polish migs particular add ukrainian capabilities important continuing supply javelins stingers tb2s medical supplies comms equipment intel sharing assume ukrainian forces vectored nato intelligence operating outside ukrainelilithe cost ukraine paying enormous course greatest damage rockets artillery migs nofly zone thing stop slaughter defeat russian army groundliliputin survive defeat army gets support perceived strongman offer demonstrates incompetence stripped coercive powerlilithe invasion huge damage populists world prior attack uniformly expressed sympathy putin includes matteo salvini jair bolsonaro ric zemmour marine le pen viktor orbn course donald trump politics war exposed openly authoritarian leaningslilithe war point good lesson china like russia china built seemingly hightech military forces past decade combat experience miserable performance russian air force likely replicated peoples liberation army air force similarly experience managing complex air operations hope chinese leadership delude capabilities way russians contemplating future taiwanlilihopefully taiwan wake need prepare fight ukrainians restore conscription lets prematurely defeatistlilia hrefhttpswwwamericanpurposecomblogfukuyamadroningonturkish dronesa bestsellerslilia russian defeat possible new birth freedom funk declining state global democracy spirit 1989 live thanks bunch brave ukrainiansliol

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Kotkin on Russia and the West - Marginal REVOLUTION

pa great a hrefhttpswwwnewyorkercomnewsqandastephenkotkinputinrussiaukrainestalininterview with historian stephen kotkina kotkin has some some thoughts on the kennan mearsheimer kissinger hill service et al view that expanding nato was a precipitating event in the ukrainerussia war which are well taken albeit he fails to think on the margin much more important is his full throated defense of the west just a few months ago a defense like this would have been branded as rightwing agitprop and the author attacked for not being woke to the evils of capitalism but putin has reminded the west of its virtuesp blockquote pstronghow do you define the weststrongp pthe west is a series of institutions and values the west is not a geographical place russia is european but not western japan is western but not european western means rule of law democracy private property open markets respect for the individual diversity pluralism of opinion and all the other freedoms that we enjoy which we sometimes take for granted we sometimes forget where they came from but thats what the west isp pstrongand yet as corrupt as china is theyve lifted tens of millions of people out of extreme poverty education levels are rising the chinese leaders credit themselves with enormous achievementsstrongp pwho did that did the chinese regime do that or chinese society lets be careful not to allow the chinese communists to expropriate as it were the hard labor the entrepreneurialism the dynamism of millions and millions of people in that societyp blockquote pon a kind of natural resource cursep blockquotepin russia wealth comes right up a hrefhttpswwwnewyorkercomnewsourcolumniststheeconomicchallengeandclimateopportunityinsupportingukraineout of the grounda the problem for authoritarian regimes is not economic growth the problem is how to pay the patronage for their lites how to keep the lites loyal especially the security services and the upper levels of the officer corps if money just gushes out of the ground in the form of hydrocarbons or diamonds or other minerals the oppressors can emancipate themselves from the oppressed the oppressors can say we dont need you we dont need your taxes we dont need you to vote we dont rely on you for anything because we have oil and gas palladium and titaniumpblockquote pon why the stupid get on topp div div div datajourneyhookclientcontent datatestidbodywrapper div blockquote pyou have to remember that these regimes practice something called negative selection [in a democracy at] youre going to promote people to be editors and youre going to hire writers because theyre talented youre not afraid if theyre geniuses but in an authoritarian regime thats not what they do they hire people who are a little bit as they say in russian emtupoiem not very bright they hire them precisely because they wont be too competent too clever to organize a coup against them putin surrounds himself with people who are maybe not the sharpest tools in the drawer on purposep pspanthat does two things it enables him to feel more secure through all his paranoia that theyre not clever enough to take him down but it also diminishes the power of the russian state because you have a construction foreman whos the defense minister [sergei shoigu] and he was feeding putin all sorts of nonsense about what they were going to do in ukraine negative selection does protect the leader but it also undermines his regimespanp blockquote pon the importance of error correctionp blockquote pstrongfinally youve given credit to the biden administration for reading out its intelligence about the coming invasion for sanctions and for a kind of mature response to whats happening what have they gotten wrongstrongp ptheyve done much better than we anticipated based upon a hrefhttpswwwnewyorkercomnewsdailycommentjoebidensafghanistanproblemwhat we saw in afghanistana and the botched runup on the deal to sell nuclear submarines to the australians theyve learned from their mistakes thats the thing about the united states we have corrective mechanisms we can learn from our mistakes we have a political system that punishes mistakes we have strong institutions we have a powerful society a powerful and free media administrations that perform badly can learn and get better which is not the case in russia or in china its an advantage that we cant forgetp blockquote pand most importantly we need to emblaze a path to deescalationemp blockquote pthe problem now is not that the biden administration made mistakes its that its hard to figure out how to deescalate how to get out of the spiral of mutual maximalism we keep raising the stakes with more and more sanctions and cancellations there is pressure on our side to do something because the ukrainians are dying every day while we are sitting on the sidelines militarily in some ways although as i said were supplying them with arms and were doing a lot in cyber the pressure is on to be maximalist on our side but the more you corner them the more theres nothing to lose for putin the more he can raise the stakes unfortunately he has many tools that he hasnt used that can hurt us we need a deescalation from the maximalist spiral and we need a little bit of luck and good fortune perhaps in moscow perhaps in helsinki or jerusalem perhaps in beijing but certainly in kyivp blockquote pa great interview read the a hrefhttpswwwnewyorkercomnewsqandastephenkotkinputinrussiaukrainestalinwhole thingap div div div div pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202203kotkinonrussiaandthewesthtmlkotkin on russia and the westa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pa great hrefhttpswwwnewyorkercomnewsqandastephenkotkinputinrussiaukrainestalininterview historian stephen kotkina kotkin thoughts kennan mearsheimer kissinger hill service et al view expanding nato precipitating event ukrainerussia war taken albeit fails think margin important throated defense west months ago defense like branded rightwing agitprop author attacked woke evils capitalism putin reminded west virtuesp blockquote pstronghow define weststrongp pthe west series institutions values west geographical place russia european western japan western european western means rule law democracy private property open markets respect individual diversity pluralism opinion freedoms enjoy granted forget came thats west isp pstrongand corrupt china theyve lifted tens millions people extreme poverty education levels rising chinese leaders credit enormous achievementsstrongp pwho chinese regime chinese society lets careful allow chinese communists expropriate hard labor entrepreneurialism dynamism millions millions people societyp blockquote pon kind natural resource cursep blockquotepin russia wealth comes right hrefhttpswwwnewyorkercomnewsourcolumniststheeconomicchallengeandclimateopportunityinsupportingukraineout grounda problem authoritarian regimes economic growth problem pay patronage lites lites loyal especially security services upper levels officer corps money gushes ground form hydrocarbons diamonds minerals oppressors emancipate oppressed oppressors dont need dont need taxes dont need vote dont rely oil gas palladium titaniumpblockquote pon stupid topp div div div datajourneyhookclientcontent datatestidbodywrapper div blockquote pyou remember regimes practice called negative selection [in democracy at] youre going promote people editors youre going hire writers theyre talented youre afraid theyre geniuses authoritarian regime thats hire people little bit russian emtupoiem bright hire precisely wont competent clever organize coup putin surrounds people maybe sharpest tools drawer purposep pspanthat things enables feel secure paranoia theyre clever diminishes power russian state construction foreman whos defense minister [sergei shoigu] feeding putin sorts nonsense going ukraine negative selection protect leader undermines regimespanp blockquote pon importance error correctionp blockquote pstrongfinally youve given credit biden administration reading intelligence coming invasion sanctions kind mature response whats happening gotten wrongstrongp ptheyve better anticipated based upona hrefhttpswwwnewyorkercomnewsdailycommentjoebidensafghanistanproblemwhat saw afghanistanaand botched runup deal sell nuclear submarines australians theyve learned mistakes thats thing united states corrective mechanisms learn mistakes political system punishes mistakes strong institutions powerful society powerful free media administrations perform badly learn better case russia china advantage cant forgetp blockquote pand importantly need emblaze path deescalationemp blockquote pthe problem biden administration mistakes hard figure deescalate spiral mutual maximalism raising stakes sanctions cancellations pressure ukrainians dying day sitting sidelines militarily ways said supplying arms lot cyber pressure maximalist corner theres lose putin raise stakes unfortunately tools hasnt hurt need deescalation maximalist spiral need little bit luck good fortune moscow helsinki jerusalem beijing certainly kyivp blockquote pa great interview read hrefhttpswwwnewyorkercomnewsqandastephenkotkinputinrussiaukrainestalinwhole thingap div div div div pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202203kotkinonrussiaandthewesthtmlkotkin russia westa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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The Senate Unanimously Voted To Make Daylight Savings Time Permanent, a Great Idea

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_890081352400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_890081351200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_890081352400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_890081351200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altdreamstime_xxl_89008135 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135800x450jpg height675 picture div pin a rare example of congress doing something that isnt totally useless or foolish the senate voted tuesday to make daylight savings time permanent impressively the vote was unanimousp psen marco rubio rfla one of the bills cosponsors hailed its passage as a step in the right directionp pquotjust this past weekend we all went through that biannual ritual of changing the clock back and forth and the disruption that comes with itquot he said in a statement quotand one has to ask themselves after a while why do we keep doing it why are we doing this quotp pwhy indeedp ptwice a year the government requires americans to change the time on their clocks in the fall we gain an hour and in the spring we lose an hour this ritual dates back to world war i and its stated purpose was to encourage people to conserve energy the thinking was that creating an extra hour of light during the evenings would lessen the need for electricityp pregardless of the merits of that goal changing the time twice a year has extreme downsides that far outweigh any benefit from gaining or losing light as the cato institutes scott lincicome a hrefhttpswwwcatoorgcommentaryenddstexplaineda in his definitive takedown of the system there are myriad reasons to oppose itp pquotfor starters the semiannual time change a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwinvestorscompoliticscommentarytimetoditchdaylightsavingtimeitsakillerthatdoesntsaveenergy target_blankresults in all sorts of maladiesa in the days thereafter car crashes and pedestrian deaths workplace injuries heart attacks and strokes a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticleswhythetimechangeistrickierwhenworkingfromhome11603716812 target_blankdepressiona and a relnoopener hrefhttpsdoiorg101093sleepzsaa056171 target_blankadverse medical eventsa because of human errorquot he wrotep plincicome favors abolishing daylight savings time entirely rather than making it permanent this question will be a matter of personal preference for many some people would rather have brighter mornings and darker evenings while others like darker mornings and brighter evenings id certainly prefer the latter and thus i hope that the house passes a version of the senates bill and that president joe biden signs itp pbut emeither emway is much much superior to what we have now changing the clocks twice a year does not conserve energyit just makes people late or early throws off their sleeping schedules causes depression and irate behavior and leads to more accidents and deaths bravo to the senate for striking an unexpected blow against pure insanityp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220315thesenateunanimouslyvotedtomakedaylightsavingstimepermanentagreatideathe senate unanimously voted to make daylight savings time permanent a great ideaa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_890081352400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_890081351200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_890081352400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_890081351200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altdreamstime_xxl_89008135 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203dreamstime_xxl_89008135800x450jpg height675 picture div pin rare example congress isnt totally useless foolish senate voted tuesday daylight savings time permanent impressively vote unanimousp psen marco rubio rfla bills cosponsors hailed passage step right directionp pquotjust past weekend went biannual ritual changing clock forth disruption comes itquot said statement quotand ask quotp pwhy indeedp ptwice year government requires americans change time clocks fall gain hour spring lose hour ritual dates world war stated purpose encourage people conserve energy thinking creating extra hour light evenings lessen need electricityp pregardless merits goal changing time twice year extreme downsides far outweigh benefit gaining losing light cato institutes scott lincicome hrefhttpswwwcatoorgcommentaryenddstexplainedain definitive takedown system myriad reasons oppose itp pquotfor starters semiannual time changea relnoopener hrefhttpswwwinvestorscompoliticscommentarytimetoditchdaylightsavingtimeitsakillerthatdoesntsaveenergy target_blankresults sorts maladiesain days car crashes pedestrian deaths workplace injuries heart attacks strokesa relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticleswhythetimechangeistrickierwhenworkingfromhome11603716812 target_blankdepressiona relnoopener hrefhttpsdoiorg101093sleepzsaa056171 target_blankadverse medical eventsa human errorquot wrotep plincicome favors abolishing daylight savings time entirely making permanent question matter personal preference people brighter mornings darker evenings like darker mornings brighter evenings id certainly prefer hope house passes version senates bill president joe biden signs itp pbutemeitheremway superior changing clocks twice year conserve energyit makes people late early throws sleeping schedules causes depression irate behavior leads accidents deaths bravo senate striking unexpected blow pure insanityp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220315thesenateunanimouslyvotedtomakedaylightsavingstimepermanentagreatideathe senate unanimously voted daylight savings time permanent great ideaa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

6238fd6fc87a23913b00c0d4

How White Victimhood Fuels Republican Politics

div classwpblockabcblocksarticleheader div headerdiv pa name hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomtagraceandethnicityrace and ethnicityap h1how white victimhood fuels republican politicsh1 div div div pby a relauthor hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomcontributorsalexsamuels titlealex samuels and neil lewis jra and a relauthor hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomcontributorsneillewisjr titlealex samuels and neil lewis jrap p timemar 21 2022time at time title20220321t1719090000119 pmtimep div div div div headerfigurespan div picturesource srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw1834 2x mediaminwidth 768pxsource srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw1834 2ximg datasrchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 sizesmaxwidth 768px 100vw maxwidth 1080px 66vw 684px srchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 alta woman sits at a school board meeting with a sign against the teaching of critical race theory datasrcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw1834 2x srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw1834 2x datasizesmaxwidth 768px 100vw maxwidth 1080px 66vw 684pxpicturediv span figcaptionprobert gauthier los angeles times via getty imagesp figcaptionfigurediv div p dataparagraphmainon nov 4 2008 barack obama then a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20081105uspolitics05campaignhtml target_blanka senator from illinoisa was elected the first black president of the united states his election was seen as a hopeful moment in america and a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwamericanbarorggroupscrsjpublicationshuman_rights_magazine_homehuman_rights_vol36_2009fall2009on_celebrating_an_election_as_racial_progress target_blankushereda in a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20081105uspolitics05electhtml target_blanklotsa of a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwforbescom20081230endofracismopedcx_jm_1230mcwhorterhtmlsh267378f349f8 target_blankthink piecesa and a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwlatimescomopinionopinionlalaoesteele52008nov05storyhtml target_blankreportinga that his presidency was the start of a new postracial society at long last in the eyes of many at least there was hope that the racial wounds that have long divided black and white americans would healp p dataparagraphmainthat of course never happened even at the time a relnoopener hrefhttpsslatecomnewsandpolitics200808racismistheonlyreasonobamamightlosehtml target_blankcertain white votersa refused to vote for obama because of his race and a a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwreuterscomarticleususaobamahatecrimeselectionofobamaprovokesriseinushatecrimesidustre4an81u20081124 target_blankrise in hate crimesa followed his win moreover in the lead up to obamas first election some a relnoopener hrefhttpsabcnewsgocomimagespollingunit1065a4raceandpoliticspdf target_blankpolls showed thata only about onethird of white americans 38 percent thought obama would help race relations compared with 60 percent of black americans moreover a plurality of white americans thought or perhaps hoped that his candidacy would have no impact on race relations essentially upholding the status quo whats more some white voters during this period a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomthinkopinionrisewhiteidentitypoliticsdidntstarttrumpexplainsmichaelncna926191 target_blankstarted to become resentfula of a black man ascending to the highest political office and a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwniskanencenterorghowracialstereotypesimpactedvotingforobamaandtrump target_blankthat backlasha in part spurred the election of former president donald trump eight years later p p dataparagraphmaintrumps election killed any illusions anyone might have had about a postracial america indeed trump was successful in finding a predominately white audience who lapped up his overt racism toward people of color and who were eager to embrace a rising sense of a relnoopener hrefhttpstheconversationcomtrumptappedintowhitevictimhoodleavingfertilegroundforwhitesupremacists150587 target_blankwhite victimhooda p p dataparagraphmaintrump may be out of power but those feelings arent they may even be growing p p dataparagraphmainwith president biden having just passed one full year in office public opinion research shows that white americans and especially republicans see whites as victims of discrimination more than say hispanic or black americans according to a 2021 survey by the a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgfacttank20210318majoritiesofamericansseeatleastsomediscriminationagainstblackhispanicandasianpeopleintheus target_blankpew research centera for example only 17 percent of republican and republicanleaning americans said there is a lot of discrimination against black people in todays society that number rose to 26 percent when republicans were asked whether they believed emwhiteem people faced a lot of discrimination and intense a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhitebacklashisatypeofracialreckoningtoo target_blankwhite racial resentmenta remains present both among trumps base and in our politics today case in point trump whos a a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeaturesamajorityofrepublicanvotersactivelywanttrumptorunforpresidentagain target_blankvery very earlya favorite to win the 2024 republican presidential nomination is still hitting that same drum during a recent political event the former president went so far as to a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbusinessinsidercomarizonarallytrumpclaimscovid19treatmentisantiwhitepeople20221 target_blankfalsely claima that white people were currently being discriminated against and sent to the back of the line when it came to receiving covid19 vaccines and treatmentp p dataparagraphmaintrump is not the first white person to feel like a victim of discrimination or to make claims in that spirit this phenomenon started long before him but in the us if we look at things like the a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhymanyamericansdontseetheracialwealthgap target_blankracial wealth gapa a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomgraphics2022wellsfargoblackhomeloanrefinancing target_blankmortgage denial ratesa a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhyfewerblackamericansaregettingthecovid19vaccinenoitsnothesitancy target_blankcovid19 vaccination and illness ratesa a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhyblackwomenareoftenmissingfromconversationsaboutpoliceviolence target_blankpolice violence ratesa or myriad other data sets we quickly see plenty of systemic biases against black americans and other minority groups such as increasing a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomnewsasianamericaantiasianhatecrimesincreased339percentnationwidelastyearreporcna14282 target_blankhate crimes against asian americansa you cant however find such widespread evidence for antiwhite discrimination so why have many white americans started to see themselvesem emas the victims of racial discriminationp p dataparagraphmainback in 2011 harvard business school professor a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwhbsedufacultypagesprofileaspxfacid326229 target_blankmichael nortona and tufts university professor a relnoopener hrefhttpsastuftsedupsychologypeoplefacultysamuelsommers target_blanksamuel sommersa published a relnoopener hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoi1011771745691611406922 target_blanka studya showing that white americans perceived bias against whites as increasing from the 1950s to the 2000s p p dataparagraphmainaccording to sommers its hard to pinpoint just emone emfactor driving this feeling of white victimhood among white americans theres this sense that theres only so much of anything to go around so more of something for other groups or entities might mean less of something for me and my group he told us that makes a lot of sense when youre talking about food at the table in front of you but it feels like its getting applied to things like equal rights or respect and status p p dataparagraphmainthese feelings a relnoopener hrefhttpsslatecomnewsandpolitics200808racismistheonlyreasonobamamightlosehtml target_blankwere especially prevalent in the late 2000sa when white people saw a black man rising to the nations highest office but today beyond obama other perceived threats to white americans such as an increasingly a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhothecensusmisses target_blankmultiracial nationa that could eventually lead to the us becoming a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwvoxcomscienceandhealth201712614340542whitefeartrumppsychologyminoritymajority target_blanka majorityminority societya ora relnoopener hrefhttpswwwvoxcomscienceandhealth201712614340542whitefeartrumppsychologyminoritymajority target_blanka a relnoopener hrefhttpstheconversationcomtrumptappedintowhitevictimhoodleavingfertilegroundforwhitesupremacists150587 target_blanktrumps loss in 2020 to bidena likely fueled existing beliefs and feelings of inadequacy and victimhood among white americansp p dataparagraphmainthe same is likely true of the discussions about racial reckonings following the murder of george floyd coupled with a few highprofile examples of black people breaking barriers indeed a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgsocialtrends20160627onviewsofraceandinequalityblacksandwhitesareworldsapart target_blankprevious pollinga has documented that white americans and especially white republicans largely think too much attention is paid to race and racial issues and as we wrote about in a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeaturesdemocratshelpedbuildthesocialsafetynetwhyaremanynowagainstexpandingit target_blankour last articlea there are additional concerns about racial minorities getting more than they deserve kamala harriss a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureskamalaharrisbidenvicepresident target_blankascendance to the vice presidencya as well as the a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureshowketanjibrownjacksoncouldchangethesupremecourt target_blanknomination of us circuit judge ketanji brown jacksona to replace retiring supreme court justice stephen breyer for example likely further stoked white americans existing hatred against black people and other marginalized groups to use the language of ohio state university professor a relnoopener hrefhttpsenglishosuedupeoplemitchell717 target_blankkoritha mitchella black success beckons the mob there is a phenomenon mitchell calls a relnoopener hrefhttpsmusejhueduarticle715439 target_blankknowyourplace aggressiona whereby us culture celebrates the success of straight white men regardless of their merit but discourages diminishes or destroys the achievements of members of other groups p p dataparagraphmainthis phenomenon is related to one of the other things sommers told us aboutstrong strongjockeying for stigma p p dataparagraphmainmaybe thats a more general human phenomenon that transcends race and racism sommers said but now were talking about it on a much more serious and problematic level when white americans see minorities succeed it threatens them in a way that makes them feel like victims as sommers puts it it seems like theres some kind of status attention or special treatment that certain white people think will be bestowed on them if they make the claim that theyve been treated unfairlyp p dataparagraphmainin other words for a postracial america to exist white people would need to see people of color ascending to higher political offices and an increasingly multiracial nation as a win for emall emof america instead many take these things as a personal attack and view it as a loss of their emownem status at the top of americas racial hierarchy p p dataparagraphmainwe see evidence for this in public opinion data too with the help of kathleen weldon and jacob harris of the a relnoopener hrefhttpsropercentercornelledu target_blankroper center for public opinion researcha a research center that has one of the largest archives of public opinion datasets and where one of us neil lewis jr is a faculty affiliate and natalie jackson from the a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwprriorg target_blankpublic religion research institutea prri we looked at perceptions of discrimination against white americans over time and how those perceptions vary by both partisanship and racep p dataparagraphmainsince at least the year 2000 polling firms have been asking americans questions about how much discrimination they perceive is faced by white americans asking respondents to place that discrimination on a scale or to compare it to other racial and ethnic groups and our analysis of the roper centers data shows that before obamas first election roughly half of republicans perceived there to be at least some discrimination against white people specifically according to a 2000 poll from princeton survey research associatesthe national conference for community and justice 56 percent of republicans said that white americans faced at least some discrimination and by 2005 when the organizations asked the question again that number dipped slightly to 47 percent however toward the end of obamas first term other polling found the share of republicans answering a similar question to be higher as can be seen for the years 2011 and 2012 on the chart below which uses data from prrip p dataparagraphmainprri has asked a slightly different question to what extent respondents agree that discrimination against white americans is now as significant of an issue as discrimination against black americans and other minorities almost yearly between 2011 and 2020 the trend across that timespan is a bit messier but the share of republicans who completely agreed or mostly agreed with the statement was mostly higher during trumps time in office than during obamas p figure classwpblockimageimg datasrchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181desktop2x_editpng srchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181desktop2x_editpng width1422 alt datasrcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181desktop2x_editpngw700 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181desktop2x_editpngw1400 2x srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181desktop2x_editpngw700 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181desktop2x_editpngw1400 2x classwpimage329692 height877figurefigure classwpblockimageimg datasrchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181mobile2x_editpng srchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181mobile2x_editpng width621 alt datasrcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181mobile2x_editpngw621 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181mobile2x_editpngw1242 2x srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181mobile2x_editpngw621 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181mobile2x_editpngw1242 2x classwpimage329693 height1146figurep dataparagraphmainit is noteworthy that democrats saw things quite differently than republicans indeed the clearest trend in the chart above is the polarization of views on this question along party lines the percentage of democrats who say there is at least some discrimination against whites has steadily decreased since the turn of the century and this trend is consistent across both roper and prri datasets these trends are also consistent with new research that builds on norton and sommerss initial work in a a relnoopener hrefhttpspsyarxivcome6dar target_blankforthcoming papera in the journal a relnoopener hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomhomepps target_blankperspectives on psychological scienceaem ema team of researchers from tufts harvard and the va bedford healthcare system found that race and partisanship shape perceptions of racism as a zerosum game liberal white americans saw racism as a zerosum game they were winning by a lot moderate white americans saw it as a game they were winning by only a little the researchers wrote and conservative white americans saw it as a game they were losingp p dataparagraphmainof course race and partisanship are intertwined the a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeaturestherepublicanchoice target_blankvast majority of republicans are whitea and indeed if we look at the same question by race we see similar patternsp figure classwpblockimageimg datasrchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespng srchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespng width1422 alt datasrcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespngw700 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespngw1400 2x srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespngw700 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespngw1400 2x classwpimage329668 height864figurefigure classwpblockimageimg datasrchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpng srchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpng width621 alt datasrcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpngw621 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpngw1242 2x srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpngw621 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpngw1242 2x classwpimage329663 height1089figurep dataparagraphmainworryingly these trends may be emincreasing emafter bidens inauguration prri didnt ask the same question again in 2021 so we cant make an applestoapples comparison there but according to pews 2021 survey the share of republicans including leaners ie americans leaning toward one party or the other who said there is at least some discrimination against white people was 63 percent this includes 26 percent who said there is a lot of discrimination against white people which emlooksem like an alltime high p p dataparagraphmainwe say looks because the polling data we have is messy if we compare the pew data to past pew data so that the methodology and question wording is consistent we see an increase from a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgfacttank20191101democratsfarmorelikelythanrepublicanstoseediscriminationagainstblacksnotwhites target_blank2019a 16 percent to a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgfacttank20210318majoritiesofamericansseeatleastsomediscriminationagainstblackhispanicandasianpeopleintheus target_blank2021a 26 percent for the share of republicans saying white americans face a lot of discrimination those are only two data points of course well need more polling to know how to interpret that result for surep p dataparagraphmainstill other recent polls have yielded similar findings with different questions a relnoopener hrefhttpscenterforpoliticsorgcrystalballarticlesprojecthomefirecenterforpoliticsresearchrevealsoutsizedroleimmigrationplaysinfuelingournationaldivide target_blanksabatos crystal balla using a summer 2021 poll conducted by project home fire and innovatemr found that only 38 percent of trump voters either somewhat or strongly agreed that white people have advantages over people of color compared with 87 percent of biden voters moreover 84 percent of trump voters expressed concern that bigotry against white people will surge in the coming years meanwhile only 38 percent of biden voters felt the same wayp p dataparagraphmainwhats striking is how these perceptions persist even in the face of extraordinary evidence to the contrary we have already discussed some domestic evidence about the persistence of racial discrimination against minority groups additionally on the international stage we see antiblack racism manifesting even during a war journalists a relnoopener hrefhttpstwittercomsifill_ldfstatus1498512483690102784s20tmecwb6dprsmtquc56ezcpa target_blankmonitoring the invasion in ukrainea have reported that a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomnewsnbcblkopendoordieafricansreportracismhostilitytryingfleeukrainercna17953 target_blankblack people are being violently removeda from a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbuzzfeednewscomarticlejuliareinsteinafricanstudentsracismukraineinvasion target_blanktrains trying to get people to safetyap p dataparagraphmainwhat could be fueling an increase in these views following trumps loss in 2020 the republican party leaned further into messages that paint republicans and white people as victims of an overzealous movement for racial justice for example fox news coverage of critical race theory a decadesold framework for legal scholarship surged during the virginia gubernatorial campaign according to a a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnewsweekcomfoxnewscriticalracetheoryglennyoungkin1650208 target_blanknewsweek analysisa only to quickly and starkly dip following republican glenn youngkins win and several pundits pointed to education and a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220204opinioncrtbacklashduboishtml target_blankcritical race theorya as a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureshowvirginiaselectorateshiftedtowardrepublicans target_blankreasons for his successa republicans have alsoem ema relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhyattackingcancelcultureandwokepeopleisbecomingthegopsnewpoliticalstrategy target_blankfound a seemingly successful political strategya in attacking and amplifying racerelated buzzwords such as woke once used in activist circles and as fivethirtyeight contributors hakeem jefferson and victor ray pointed out on the anniversary of the jan 6 insurrection at the capitol the current narratives of victimization and the associated backlash to racial progress are some white peoples a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhitebacklashisatypeofracialreckoningtoo target_blankway of reckoninga with the changing times p p dataparagraphmainsommers underscored the gravity of leaderships role in these processes when we talked with him if weve learned nothing else in the last five or so years its just how influential topdown attitudes are when leaders around the country and at a regional level are using racist or vulgar language themselves that seems to move the needle on whats considered normative and acceptable behavior in our societyp p dataparagraphmainif we want to address the a relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeaturescovid19remindedusofjusthowunequalamericais target_blankinequities that continue to plague and divide our societya white americans and in particular white republicans will need to move away from the victimhood narrative and acknowledge our current reality and the extent that the inequities can be muted or even mitigated depends heavily on what politicians choose to emphasize in the narratives that they construct about the state of our union the success of minorities does not mean victimization for white americans without recognition that we can all succeed and that the nation will be better off for it the patterns of disparities we have discussed throughout will continue to persist and we will all be worse off for itp

div classwpblockabcblocksarticleheader div headerdiv pa hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomtagraceandethnicityrace ethnicityap h1how white victimhood fuels republican politicsh1 div div div pby relauthor hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomcontributorsalexsamuels titlealex samuels neil lewis jra relauthor hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomcontributorsneillewisjr titlealex samuels neil lewis jrap p timemar 21 2022time time title20220321t1719090000119 pmtimep div div div div headerfigurespan div picturesource srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw1834 2x mediaminwidth 768pxsource srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw1834 2ximg datasrchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 sizesmaxwidth 768px 100vw maxwidth 1080px 66vw 684px srchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 alta woman sits school board meeting sign teaching critical race theory datasrcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw1834 2x srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw917 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203gettyimages12366211874x31jpgw1834 2x datasizesmaxwidth 768px 100vw maxwidth 1080px 66vw 684pxpicturediv span figcaptionprobert gauthier los angeles times getty imagesp figcaptionfigurediv div p dataparagraphmainon nov 4 2008 barack obama relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20081105uspolitics05campaignhtml target_blanka senator illinoisa elected black president united states election seen hopeful moment america relnoopener hrefhttpswwwamericanbarorggroupscrsjpublicationshuman_rights_magazine_homehuman_rights_vol36_2009fall2009on_celebrating_an_election_as_racial_progress target_blankushereda relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20081105uspolitics05electhtml target_blanklotsa relnoopener hrefhttpswwwforbescom20081230endofracismopedcx_jm_1230mcwhorterhtmlsh267378f349f8 target_blankthink piecesa relnoopener hrefhttpswwwlatimescomopinionopinionlalaoesteele52008nov05storyhtml target_blankreportinga presidency start new postracial society long eyes hope racial wounds long divided black white americans healp p dataparagraphmainthat course happened time relnoopener hrefhttpsslatecomnewsandpolitics200808racismistheonlyreasonobamamightlosehtml target_blankcertain white votersa refused vote obama race relnoopener hrefhttpswwwreuterscomarticleususaobamahatecrimeselectionofobamaprovokesriseinushatecrimesidustre4an81u20081124 target_blankrise hate crimesa followed win lead obamas election relnoopener hrefhttpsabcnewsgocomimagespollingunit1065a4raceandpoliticspdf target_blankpolls showed thata onethird white americans 38 percent thought obama help race relations compared 60 percent black americans plurality white americans thought hoped candidacy impact race relations essentially upholding status quo whats white voters period relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomthinkopinionrisewhiteidentitypoliticsdidntstarttrumpexplainsmichaelncna926191 target_blankstarted resentfula black man ascending highest political office relnoopener hrefhttpswwwniskanencenterorghowracialstereotypesimpactedvotingforobamaandtrump target_blankthat backlasha spurred election president donald trump years later p p dataparagraphmaintrumps election killed illusions postracial america trump successful finding predominately white audience lapped overt racism people color eager embrace rising sense relnoopener hrefhttpstheconversationcomtrumptappedintowhitevictimhoodleavingfertilegroundforwhitesupremacists150587 target_blankwhite victimhoodap p dataparagraphmaintrump power feelings arent growingp p dataparagraphmainwith president biden having passed year office public opinion research shows white americans especially republicans whites victims discrimination hispanic black americans according 2021 survey relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgfacttank20210318majoritiesofamericansseeatleastsomediscriminationagainstblackhispanicandasianpeopleintheus target_blankpew research centera example 17 percent republican republicanleaning americans said lot discrimination black people todays society number rose 26 percent republicans asked believed emwhiteem people faced lot discrimination intense relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhitebacklashisatypeofracialreckoningtoo target_blankwhite racial resentmenta remains present trumps base politics today case point trump whos relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeaturesamajorityofrepublicanvotersactivelywanttrumptorunforpresidentagain target_blankvery earlya favorite win 2024 republican presidential nomination hitting drum recent political event president went far relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbusinessinsidercomarizonarallytrumpclaimscovid19treatmentisantiwhitepeople20221 target_blankfalsely claima white people currently discriminated sent line came receiving covid19 vaccines treatmentp p dataparagraphmaintrump white person feel like victim discrimination claims spirit phenomenon started long look things like relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhymanyamericansdontseetheracialwealthgap target_blankracial wealth gapa relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomgraphics2022wellsfargoblackhomeloanrefinancing target_blankmortgage denial ratesa relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhyfewerblackamericansaregettingthecovid19vaccinenoitsnothesitancy target_blankcovid19 vaccination illness ratesa relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhyblackwomenareoftenmissingfromconversationsaboutpoliceviolence target_blankpolice violence ratesa myriad data sets quickly plenty systemic biases black americans minority groups increasing relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomnewsasianamericaantiasianhatecrimesincreased339percentnationwidelastyearreporcna14282 target_blankhate crimes asian americansa cant find widespread evidence antiwhite discrimination white americans started themselvesem emas victims racial discriminationp p dataparagraphmainback 2011 harvard business school professor relnoopener hrefhttpswwwhbsedufacultypagesprofileaspxfacid326229 target_blankmichael nortona tufts university professor relnoopener hrefhttpsastuftsedupsychologypeoplefacultysamuelsommers target_blanksamuel sommersa published relnoopener hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoi1011771745691611406922 target_blanka studya showing white americans perceived bias whites increasing 1950s 2000sp p dataparagraphmainaccording sommers hard pinpoint emone emfactor driving feeling white victimhood white americans theres sense theres groups entities mean group told makes lot sense youre talking food table feels like getting applied things like equal rights respect statusp p dataparagraphmainthese feelings relnoopener hrefhttpsslatecomnewsandpolitics200808racismistheonlyreasonobamamightlosehtml target_blankwere especially prevalent late 2000sa white people saw black man rising nations highest office today obama perceived threats white americans increasingly relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhothecensusmisses target_blankmultiracial nationa eventually lead relnoopener hrefhttpswwwvoxcomscienceandhealth201712614340542whitefeartrumppsychologyminoritymajority target_blanka majorityminority societya ora relnoopener hrefhttpswwwvoxcomscienceandhealth201712614340542whitefeartrumppsychologyminoritymajority target_blanka relnoopener hrefhttpstheconversationcomtrumptappedintowhitevictimhoodleavingfertilegroundforwhitesupremacists150587 target_blanktrumps loss 2020 bidena likely fueled existing beliefs feelings inadequacy victimhood white americansp p dataparagraphmainthe likely true discussions racial reckonings following murder george floyd coupled highprofile examples black people breaking barriers relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgsocialtrends20160627onviewsofraceandinequalityblacksandwhitesareworldsapart target_blankprevious pollinga documented white americans especially white republicans largely think attention paid race racial issues wrote relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeaturesdemocratshelpedbuildthesocialsafetynetwhyaremanynowagainstexpandingit target_blankour articlea additional concerns racial minorities getting deserve kamala harriss relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureskamalaharrisbidenvicepresident target_blankascendance vice presidencya relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureshowketanjibrownjacksoncouldchangethesupremecourt target_blanknomination circuit judge ketanji brown jacksona replace retiring supreme court justice stephen breyer example likely stoked white americans existing hatred black people marginalized groups use language ohio state university professor relnoopener hrefhttpsenglishosuedupeoplemitchell717 target_blankkoritha mitchella black success beckons mob phenomenon mitchell calls relnoopener hrefhttpsmusejhueduarticle715439 target_blankknowyourplace aggressiona culture celebrates success straight white men regardless merit discourages diminishes destroys achievements members groups p p dataparagraphmainthis phenomenon related things sommers told aboutstrong strongjockeying stigmap p dataparagraphmainmaybe thats general human phenomenon transcends race racism sommers said talking problematic level white americans minorities succeed threatens way makes feel like victims sommers puts like theres kind status attention special treatment certain white people think bestowed claim theyve treated unfairlyp p dataparagraphmainin words postracial america exist white people need people color ascending higher political offices increasingly multiracial nation win emall emof america instead things personal attack view loss emownem status americas racial hierarchyp p dataparagraphmainwe evidence public opinion data help kathleen weldon jacob harris relnoopener hrefhttpsropercentercornelledu target_blankroper center public opinion researcha research center largest archives public opinion datasets neil lewis jr faculty affiliate natalie jackson relnoopener hrefhttpswwwprriorg target_blankpublic religion research institutea prri looked perceptions discrimination white americans time perceptions vary partisanship racep p dataparagraphmainsince year 2000 polling firms asking americans questions discrimination perceive faced white americans asking respondents place discrimination scale compare racial ethnic groups analysis roper centers data shows obamas election roughly half republicans perceived discrimination white people specifically according 2000 poll princeton survey research associatesthe national conference community justice 56 percent republicans said white americans faced discrimination 2005 organizations asked question number dipped slightly 47 percent end obamas term polling found share republicans answering similar question higher seen years 2011 2012 chart uses data prrip p dataparagraphmainprri asked slightly different question extent respondents agree discrimination white americans significant issue discrimination black americans minorities yearly 2011 2020 trend timespan bit messier share republicans completely agreed agreed statement higher trumps time office obamas p figure classwpblockimageimg datasrchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181desktop2x_editpng srchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181desktop2x_editpng width1422 alt datasrcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181desktop2x_editpngw700 1x 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httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03181mobile2x_editpngw1242 2x classwpimage329693 height1146figurep dataparagraphmainit noteworthy democrats saw things differently republicans clearest trend chart polarization views question party lines percentage democrats discrimination whites steadily decreased turn century trend consistent roper prri datasets trends consistent new research builds norton sommerss initial work relnoopener hrefhttpspsyarxivcome6dar target_blankforthcoming papera journal relnoopener hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomhomepps target_blankperspectives psychological scienceaem ema team researchers tufts harvard va bedford healthcare system found race partisanship shape perceptions racism zerosum game liberal white americans saw racism zerosum game winning lot moderate white americans saw game winning little researchers wrote conservative white americans saw game losingp p dataparagraphmainof course race partisanship intertwined relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeaturestherepublicanchoice target_blankvast majority republicans whitea look question race similar patternsp figure classwpblockimageimg datasrchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespng srchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespng width1422 alt datasrcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespngw700 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespngw1400 2x srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespngw700 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims0318racehirespngw1400 2x classwpimage329668 height864figurefigure classwpblockimageimg datasrchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpng srchttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpng width621 alt datasrcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpngw621 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpngw1242 2x srcsethttpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpngw621 1x httpsfivethirtyeightcomwpcontentuploads202203samuelslewiswhiteracismvictims03182mobile2xpngw1242 2x classwpimage329663 height1089figurep dataparagraphmainworryingly trends emincreasing emafter bidens inauguration prri didnt ask question 2021 cant applestoapples comparison according pews 2021 survey share republicans including leaners ie americans leaning party said discrimination white people 63 percent includes 26 percent said lot discrimination white people emlooksem like alltime high p p dataparagraphmainwe looks polling data messy compare pew data past pew data methodology question wording consistent increase relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgfacttank20191101democratsfarmorelikelythanrepublicanstoseediscriminationagainstblacksnotwhites target_blank2019a 16 percent relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgfacttank20210318majoritiesofamericansseeatleastsomediscriminationagainstblackhispanicandasianpeopleintheus target_blank2021a 26 percent share republicans saying white americans face lot discrimination data points course need polling know interpret result surep p dataparagraphmainstill recent polls yielded similar findings different questions relnoopener hrefhttpscenterforpoliticsorgcrystalballarticlesprojecthomefirecenterforpoliticsresearchrevealsoutsizedroleimmigrationplaysinfuelingournationaldivide target_blanksabatos crystal balla summer 2021 poll conducted project home fire innovatemr found 38 percent trump voters somewhat strongly agreed white people advantages people color compared 87 percent biden voters 84 percent trump voters expressed concern bigotry white people surge coming years 38 percent biden voters felt wayp p dataparagraphmainwhats striking perceptions persist face extraordinary evidence contrary discussed domestic evidence persistence racial discrimination minority groups additionally international stage antiblack racism manifesting war journalists relnoopener hrefhttpstwittercomsifill_ldfstatus1498512483690102784s20tmecwb6dprsmtquc56ezcpa target_blankmonitoring invasion ukrainea reported relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomnewsnbcblkopendoordieafricansreportracismhostilitytryingfleeukrainercna17953 target_blankblack people violently removeda relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbuzzfeednewscomarticlejuliareinsteinafricanstudentsracismukraineinvasion target_blanktrains trying people safetyap p dataparagraphmainwhat fueling increase views following trumps loss 2020 republican party leaned messages paint republicans white people victims overzealous movement racial justice example fox news coverage critical race theory decadesold framework legal scholarship surged virginia gubernatorial campaign according relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnewsweekcomfoxnewscriticalracetheoryglennyoungkin1650208 target_blanknewsweek analysisa quickly starkly dip following republican glenn youngkins win pundits pointed education relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220204opinioncrtbacklashduboishtml target_blankcritical race theorya relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureshowvirginiaselectorateshiftedtowardrepublicans target_blankreasons successa republicans alsoem ema relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhyattackingcancelcultureandwokepeopleisbecomingthegopsnewpoliticalstrategy target_blankfound seemingly successful political strategya attacking amplifying racerelated buzzwords woke activist circles fivethirtyeight contributors hakeem jefferson victor ray pointed anniversary jan 6 insurrection capitol current narratives victimization associated backlash racial progress white peoples relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeatureswhitebacklashisatypeofracialreckoningtoo target_blankway reckoninga changing times p p dataparagraphmainsommers underscored gravity leaderships role processes talked weve learned years influential topdown attitudes leaders country regional level racist vulgar language needle whats considered normative acceptable behavior societyp p dataparagraphmainif want address relnoopener hrefhttpsfivethirtyeightcomfeaturescovid19remindedusofjusthowunequalamericais target_blankinequities continue plague divide societya white americans particular white republicans need away victimhood narrative acknowledge current reality extent inequities muted mitigated depends heavily politicians choose emphasize narratives construct state union success minorities mean victimization white americans recognition succeed nation better patterns disparities discussed continue persist worse itp

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Andrew Sullivan searches for spirituality

pit was daunting preparing to meet andrew sullivan considered one of the cleverest most fearless journalists of his generation there is the academic pedigree the scholarship at oxford where he was also president of the union and a celebrated actor followed by the phd in political theory at harvard where he produced an iconic treatise on the work of british midcentury philosopher michael oakeshott performed the entirety of emhamletem all by himself a whackedout mid1980s version and modeled for gapp pand there is the journalistic firepower at twentyeight in 1991 sullivan became the youngest ever editor of the emnew republicem americas most august political magazine he left following his hiv diagnosis which he kept private at the time before beginning the worlds first stratospheric political blog the emdishem on which he and his team were posting up to forty times a day at its height the blog was published on emtimeem the ematlanticem and the emdaily beastem before going independent in 2013p pi go to visit sullivan in new englands gay capital of provincetown right on the tip of cape cod on a blustery october morning we meet in front of his charming little beach shack home from early summer to late fall when he returns to dc its right in the middle of commercial street ptowns main drag but set back a bit hemmed in by flowers the beach just meters from his porch he has just been out with his threelegged dog which he drops off before taking me to his daily breakfast spot literally one door down we sit at his usual table the sea wind rustling the windows impatiently and he orders his usual an omelette with pork and cheese and two moonlike quinoa pancakes plus bottomless coffee its how i keep my girlish figure friends appear and recedep psullivan has a soft voice and is tranquil and friendly but the england natives mixture of preternatural journalistic skill and commitment to what he sees as the truth however unpopular has endowed him with the kind of political clout that has led him to the very inner circle of dc politics by the time of the invasion of iraq his support for which he has come to violently regret he was close with cheney i was close with rummy [donald rumsfeld] and he is still fast friends with barack obama whose presidential campaign in an unexpected move for a rightwinger he threw himself behindp psullivan denies that he is part of an isolationist turn on the right but his aversion to robust military responses to threats to the postwar world order is marked he rejoiced in bidens withdrawal from afghanistan because he believes that real conservatives dont believe in transforming the world into a better place through force of arms and as russia pushed europe to the brink of war sullivan was vocal in his support for humoring putin tweeting that his requests were not unreasonable and that the best way to solve the crisis was to guarantee the limits on nato demanded by russiap pand yet never dogmatic he has proved more flexible and perceptive than many on the antiwar right such as sohrab ahmari he wrote a thoughtful piece on his substack in midmarch that recognized the magnitude of putins wrongdoing and elucidated the idea that as a poster boy for a bombastic trumpinflected right the russian president has turned out to be a lame and disappointing figurep poverall however sullivans conservatism says that it is wrong for the west to think you have to prevent a rising power it does not work you have to accommodate it he applies this to china if a power is that great and a population that large and a civilization that profound the notion that it cannot have a sphere of influence that it must be checked at its very sea line when its on the other side of the world is not a sustainable policyp pdiscordant as some of these positions sound to me sullivan is first and foremost a political thinker and his views are all underpinned by a serious consideration of ethics and christian spirit he remains conservative and catholic a politics devoted to the protection of what is a love of what is a way of thinking that led him to support republican ronald reagan and later democrat barack obama to loathe trump and to be proiraq war and then violently against it and he has always had a unique knack for weaving together high politics with ideas of sexuality and self as early as 1989 he made the conservative case for gay marriage and in 2005 spurred on by americas misbehavior at abu ghraib he made the case against the use of torture arguing that using what is animal in us and deploy[ing] it against what makes us human was a totalitarian impulsep pas the anglosphere selfimmolates on the pyre of identity politics sullivan the iconoclast the loyalist to the truth has gone from being a media establishment insider to an outsider ousted from emnew yorkem magazine during the great culling of 2020 hed been a columnist there since 2016 he and the magazine parted ways after his refusal to apologize for a book excerpt of emthe bell curveem that he ran in 1994 while editor of the emnew republicem the book by charles murray and richard hernstein argued that there are iq differences between racial groups sullivan stands by his decision to publish in the febrile climate that followed the murder of george floyd he was accused of being an accessory to rank racism but that only deepened his interest in the psychometric field of iq sciencep pdistilling the balance between cultural and genetic factors will always be hard sullivan allows but at some point [the idea that not everything is cultural] is not going to be a matter of debate even if for now the left dont want to accept that this could be true but isnt the fear that research into racial iq differences could lean towards making scientific nazism legitimate of course it isnt necessarily going to go there he says arguing that there is huge value to knowing what social problems are caused by racism or sexism and which arent labeling all such inquiries racism is for the left simply another means to excuse not doing things to make things betterp pwhether or not you agree and i have my doubts sullivan is thoughtful articulate and sticks to his guns this polite form of iconoclastic free thinking has ensured such an enormous fan base over the years that within four days of his being bumped from emnew yorkem the amount of time he was given to pack his proverbial bags hed set up a hugely successful substack raking in subscriptions to a tune far greater than his emnew yorkem salaryp psullivan who sometimes forgets how english i am i so many ways thinks that brexit was the perfect conservative response to a populace that felt left behind even leveling up he says is rooted in the classic disraeli twonation idea of britain as perilously divided between southern elites and others immigration has hit those at the top and bottom of the strata differentlyp pthere is an antiimmigration argument thats really built on racism theres one thats laced with xenophobia he says but theres also one thats just wanting to retain something that actually matters and that gave meanings to peoples lives and making london cool is not a good social reason to destabilize a whole political culturep pbut sullivans energies lie at the moment not in political philosophy but in the epistemological battle to the death between the sane and the ultrawoke a battle focused in his view on the trans debates giving in to those who insist that sex is whatever you say it is makes liberal society much harder to defend a society that requires you to tell lies is not a liberal society [we must] stop abusing the english language to avoid reality thats what birthing persons [instead of mother] is aboutp pa collection of sullivans essays published between 1981 and 2021 called emout on a limbem came out in august you wonder scanning the contents of this book about the toll taken by a life of such relentless political engagement sullivan himself found out in 2015 when he had a breakdown forced to step back from the emdishem which hed kept at continuously for fifteen years he realized what the internet had done to me it was simply the mental exhaustion of absorbing all that information plus formulating it and trying to get it right and doing all that under the glare of constant public scrutiny in fact he describes himself as quiet with need for solitude i have a lot of time by myself and instead of the georgetown dinner parties everyone imagines him to preside over he prefers to watch emsouth parkem and smoke weed and to keep people from normal walks of life around himp pspirituality looms large for sullivan not so much in attendance at mass which he goes to sometimes but in the sense that god is everywhere even on the beach religion has always been there for him personally and politically but as the world churns with globalization disenfranchisement and instability he is increasingly convinced that what it needs more of is christianity im increasingly worried that liberal society is actually unsustainable without christianity and that we may be in serious trouble he says his next book seeks to reintroduce christianity to reimagine how we could translate what jesus was saying to a modern person i can tell the story of my own faith and in the process wrestle with some of these core challenges of being christian in the twentyfirst centuryp psullivan assures me that the book is not just for christians and that in casting christianity aside were [all] missing an astonishing inheritance hes not saying it should be kept as it always has been but rescuing and repurposing christianity he says is a means of finding a common morality we have come to sorely lack seeing the individual soul as inviolate is a huge obstacle to totalitarianism to any form of group identity its the only way that we can live in a very multiracial multicultural system and not fall into tribal warfarep div a hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomsubscribethedcdiaryimg alt srchttpsspectatorworldcomwpcontentuploads202110emailnewslettermobpng classwpimage29949a div pas a jew with an angry old testament god as my master well if i believed i am not convinced that christianity will end up being the salve for such a wide range of social and political problems but i can see that sullivan is right about a missing dimension in modernity an emptiness that breeds the urge to escalate and fight in the absence of any other grounding perhaps even to wage aggressive amoral and unprovoked wars for nothing more than nihilistic funp pas my uber arrives to take me to the tiny cessna plane to boston sullivan waves me off quietly his questing spiritualism is a striking counterpoint to much else i encounter and though it leads him to conclusions many on the right should deplore particularly the seeming reluctance to take on those who attack the western order there is to mangle shakespeare more of heaven and earth in sullivans philosophy than is usually dreamt of certainly by mep pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomtopicandrewsullivansearchesforspiritualityandrew sullivan searches for spiritualitya appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomthe spectator worldap

pit daunting preparing meet andrew sullivan considered cleverest fearless journalists generation academic pedigree scholarship oxford president union celebrated actor followed phd political theory harvard produced iconic treatise work british midcentury philosopher michael oakeshott performed entirety emhamletem whackedout mid1980s version modeled gapp pand journalistic firepower twentyeight 1991 sullivan youngest editor emnew republicem americas august political magazine left following hiv diagnosis kept private time beginning worlds stratospheric political blog emdishem team posting times day height blog published emtimeem ematlanticem emdaily beastem going independent 2013p pi visit sullivan new englands gay capital provincetown right tip cape cod blustery october morning meet charming little beach shack home early summer late fall returns dc right middle commercial street ptowns main drag set bit hemmed flowers beach meters porch threelegged dog drops taking daily breakfast spot literally door sit usual table sea wind rustling windows impatiently orders usual omelette pork cheese moonlike quinoa pancakes plus bottomless coffee girlish figure friends appear recedep psullivan soft voice tranquil friendly england natives mixture preternatural journalistic skill commitment sees truth unpopular endowed kind political clout led inner circle dc politics time invasion iraq support come violently regret close cheney close rummy [donald rumsfeld] fast friends barack obama presidential campaign unexpected rightwinger threw behindp psullivan denies isolationist turn right aversion robust military responses threats postwar world order marked rejoiced bidens withdrawal afghanistan believes real conservatives dont believe transforming world better place force arms russia pushed europe brink war sullivan vocal support humoring putin tweeting requests unreasonable best way solve crisis guarantee limits nato demanded russiap pand dogmatic proved flexible perceptive antiwar right sohrab ahmari wrote thoughtful piece substack midmarch recognized magnitude putins wrongdoing elucidated idea poster boy bombastic trumpinflected right russian president turned lame disappointing figurep poverall sullivans conservatism says wrong west think prevent rising power work accommodate applies china power great population large civilization profound notion sphere influence checked sea line world sustainable policyp pdiscordant positions sound sullivan foremost political thinker views underpinned consideration ethics christian spirit remains conservative catholic politics devoted protection love way thinking led support republican ronald reagan later democrat barack obama loathe trump proiraq war violently unique knack weaving high politics ideas sexuality self early 1989 conservative case gay marriage 2005 spurred americas misbehavior abu ghraib case use torture arguing animal deploy[ing] makes human totalitarian impulsep pas anglosphere selfimmolates pyre identity politics sullivan iconoclast loyalist truth gone media establishment insider outsider ousted emnew yorkem magazine great culling 2020 hed columnist 2016 magazine parted ways refusal apologize book excerpt emthe bell curveem ran 1994 editor emnew republicem book charles murray richard hernstein argued iq differences racial groups sullivan stands decision publish febrile climate followed murder george floyd accused accessory rank racism deepened interest psychometric field iq sciencep pdistilling balance cultural genetic factors hard sullivan allows point [the idea cultural] going matter debate left dont want accept true isnt fear research racial iq differences lean making scientific nazism legitimate course isnt necessarily going says arguing huge value knowing social problems caused racism sexism arent labeling inquiries racism left simply means excuse things things betterp pwhether agree doubts sullivan thoughtful articulate sticks guns polite form iconoclastic free thinking ensured enormous fan base years days bumped emnew yorkem time given pack proverbial bags hed set hugely successful substack raking subscriptions tune far greater emnew yorkem salaryp psullivan forgets english ways thinks brexit perfect conservative response populace felt left leveling says rooted classic disraeli twonation idea britain perilously divided southern elites immigration hit strata differentlyp pthere antiimmigration argument thats built racism theres thats laced xenophobia says theres thats wanting retain actually matters gave meanings peoples lives making london cool good social reason destabilize political culturep pbut sullivans energies lie moment political philosophy epistemological battle death sane ultrawoke battle focused view trans debates giving insist sex makes liberal society harder defend society requires tell lies liberal society [we must] stop abusing english language avoid reality thats birthing persons [instead mother] aboutp pa collection sullivans essays published 1981 2021 called emout limbem came august wonder scanning contents book toll taken life relentless political engagement sullivan found 2015 breakdown forced step emdishem hed kept continuously years realized internet simply mental exhaustion absorbing information plus formulating trying right glare constant public scrutiny fact describes quiet need solitude lot time instead georgetown dinner parties imagines preside prefers watch emsouth parkem smoke weed people normal walks life himp pspirituality looms large sullivan attendance mass goes sense god beach religion personally politically world churns globalization disenfranchisement instability increasingly convinced needs christianity im increasingly worried liberal society actually unsustainable christianity trouble says book seeks reintroduce christianity reimagine translate jesus saying modern person tell story faith process wrestle core challenges christian twentyfirst centuryp psullivan assures book christians casting christianity aside [all] missing astonishing inheritance hes saying kept rescuing repurposing christianity says means finding common morality come sorely lack seeing individual soul inviolate huge obstacle totalitarianism form group identity way live multiracial multicultural system fall tribal warfarep div hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomsubscribethedcdiaryimg alt srchttpsspectatorworldcomwpcontentuploads202110emailnewslettermobpng classwpimage29949a div pas jew angry old testament god master believed convinced christianity end salve wide range social political problems sullivan right missing dimension modernity emptiness breeds urge escalate fight absence grounding wage aggressive amoral unprovoked wars nihilistic funp pas uber arrives tiny cessna plane boston sullivan waves quietly questing spiritualism striking counterpoint encounter leads conclusions right deplore particularly reluctance attack western order mangle shakespeare heaven earth sullivans philosophy usually dreamt certainly mep pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomtopicandrewsullivansearchesforspiritualityandrew sullivan searches spiritualitya appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsspectatorworldcomthe spectator worldap

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Ukraine: The Return of the Cold War

img altukraine the return of the cold war srchttpswwwamericanpurposecomcontentimages202203stingerafghanjpgpfor twentyfive years after the end of the cold war the world and especially the united states enjoyed a period of a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomrisefallpeaceearthdp0190935936refsr_1_1cridtd1ap8h3usxikeywordsmichaelmandelbaumtheriseandfallofpeaceonearthqid1647604867sbookssprefixmichaelmandelbaumtheriseandfallofpeaceonearth2cstripbooks2c57sr11unprecedented peacea preparations for greatpower war the anticipation of it and negotiations with such a war in the background were largely absent from the foreign policies of the strongest powers the war in ukraine makes it clear that that happy period has ended now it is a matter of urgency to assess how that conflict will proceed and what american and western policy toward it should be one way to make such assessments is to refer to americas most recent experience with greatpower competition the cold war which has a good deal both to teach and to suggestppa hrefhttpsamznto3jj3okjemthe twilight struggleema by hal brands distills from the cold war some key lessons for the future the author henry a kissinger distinguished professor of global affairs at the johns hopkins school of advanced international studies knows cold war history well and puts his knowledge to good useppthe relevant lessons he draws from it include among others the importance but also the difficulty of managing alliances the need to correct and learn from the inevitable mistakes the benefits of having a clear strategy but being flexible both in choosing and changing tactics and the imperative of acting with prudence as well as occasional boldness brands presents these lessons by using episodes in the cold war which gives the reader a feeling for how they shouldand should notbe put into practiceppthe current powerful and coordinated western response to russian aggression bears out the emphasis the author places on alliances because he completed his book well before the russian attack on ukraine on february 24 however brands did not have the opportunity to incorporate the ongoing war into his analysis moreover the war in ukraine differs from the cold war experience in an important way after 1945 no largescale clash of arms occurred in the middle of europe although some of the most savage combat in world war i and much of it in world war ii took place there in that sense putins war has taken the world back to the first half of the 1940s in other ways though what is taking place in ukraine repeats patterns familiar from the cold warppone such pattern is that the conflict in ukraine is a proxy war in which one nucleararmed great powerrussiais directly engaged in combat and the othernatois providing material as well as political support to its adversary this follows the pattern of the american wars in korea and vietnam as well as the soviet war in afghanistan now as in those past conflicts the nucleararmed power is fighting on another countrys territory now as then the weaker party has a hope of holding out because it is receiving supplies through a country with which it has a common land borderstrong strongin the current war poland is cast in the role that china and the soviet union played in the korean war that china played in the vietnamese conflict and that pakistan carried out for the antisoviet afghan insurgency the postcold war american operations in iraq and afghanistan also failed fully to achieve their goals due in part to sanctuaries available to the antiamerican insurgentsin iran and pakistan respectivelyppin recognition of the fact that wars are dangerous especially those involving states with nuclear weapons nato has scrupulously avoided direct combat with russian forces as happened in the proxy wars of the cold war era this reflects a deeply ingrained if informal rule of the nuclear age namely that such a clash would run an unacceptably high risk of escalating to the use of nuclear weapons and must therefore not be allowed to take place for that reason nato will be extremely reluctant to establish a nofly zone over ukraine which would require shooting russian aircraft out of the sky and attacking russian air defense systems inevitably killing some of the personnel operating them ukrainians can rely for the defense of their country on nato equipment but probably not on nato soldiers or airmenppyet direct american and nato combat participation while unlikely is not out of the question at least two contingencies could trigger it the russian use of chemical or in the worst case nuclear weapons and an assault on ukrainian civilians so severe that the nato countries feel compelled to intervene to protect them perhaps through airlifts of food and medical suppliespdiv span datapullquotewhat is taking place in ukraine repeats patterns familiar from the cold warspan divpin another similarity ukraine is following the strategy that vietnam and afghanistan adopted during the cold war era the ukrainians cannot hope to conquer the russians and so must try to inflict enough punishment on themby killing wounding or capturing russian soldiersthat their government will decide to withdraw rather than continue to bleed the american government made that decision in vietnam and after the cold war in iraq and afghanistan as well and the soviet government made the same decision for afghanistan this is a classic strategy of weak powers turning a conflict into an exercise in competitive suffering in which the weaker sidestrong strongwhile incurring more suffering can inflict enough damage on the presumably lessmotivated stronger belligerent to cause it to decide to cut its lossesppit is at least conceivable that heavy losses of life and equipment by the russians in combination with plummeting morale among its troops will cause the russian army to fall apart that combination plus the damage from the unprecedentedly broad sanctions the world has imposed on russia might also induce the russian government to negotiate sooner rather than later a settlement to the war acceptable to ukraine if the cold war pattern repeats itself however ukrainian success wont come alas without fighting that goes on for some time and causes even more death and destruction than the ukrainians have already enduredphrpin its initial weeks the ukraine war has brought two surprises that despite being unexpected also have cold war precedents russia encountered far stiffer resistance than its political and military leadership obviously anticipated the source of that resistance is ukrainian nationalismthe determination to live in a country free of foreign control similarly the vietnamese communists won their war against the united states because they managed to mobilize nationalist sentiment against the americans the afghan resistance prevailed against the soviet union by harnessing the local version of nationalism tribal and religious loyalty even in a cosmopolitan and globalized age nationalism and its close relatives remain the most powerful of political forcesppin addition the vigor and scope of the response from outside ukraine to russian aggression has come as a surprise but that kind of surprise repeats a pattern in american history time after time a dramatic event has changed the way americans have seen the world their place in it and the threats they face triggering a far more robust response than would have been predicted beforehand the american response to the soviet invasion of afghanistan is one such example the decision in 1990 to evict saddam husseins forces from kuwait is another on the present occasion the response has come not only from americans but also from europeans and others as well and not solely from governments but also from civil societyindividuals and groups that have acted spontaneously to support ukraine and punish russiappa final parallelpotential but not actual at least not yetwith the history of the cold war offers the hope of a more peaceful future in eastern europe the soviet failure in afghanistan was part of the series of events that led to the collapse of the soviet union itself the independence of its fifteen constituent republics and the establishment of a government in moscow that for a time was far more peacefully inclined than its communist predecessor or the regime of vladimir putin a hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomopinions20220307whyputinmustbewareofcoupthreatsrussian setbacks in the pastain the crimean war the russojapanese war world war i and the cold war itselfhave severely damaged or swept away the regimes that presided over themppregimes such as putins do not disintegrate slowly and publicly they crack suddenly such a development if it should take place has the potential to bring enormous benefits to ukraine russia europe and the world in the present era regime change in moscow with putin ousted from power and a far different successor government in place is the key to lasting peace in europe whether putin will survive what is thus far a clear setback for his policy in ukraine and whenever he does leave power what kind of government will follow cannot be known there is at least a chance however that a russian failure to subdue its neighbor will ultimately yield a more peaceful russian government which is not the least important reason to try to ensure that putins aggression does failppa hrefhttpswwwamericanpurposecomauthormichaelmandelbaumemstrongmichael mandelbaumstrongemaem is the christian a herter professor emeritus of american foreign policy at the johns hopkins school of advanced international studies a member of the editorial board of emamerican purposeem and author of a forthcoming history of american foreign policy ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomfouragesamericanforeignpolicydp0197621791refsr_1_1cridbeetklcuse72keywordsmichaelmandelbaumthefouragesofamericanforeignpolicyqid1636745166sbookssprefixmichaelmandelbaum2cstripbooks2c166sr11the four ages of american foreign policy weak power great power superpower hyperpoweraem which will be published in juneemppemimage by stuart brown central intelligence agency official website cia museum art collection public domain a hrefhttpscommonswikimediaorgwindexphpcurid68673261httpscommonswikimediaorgwindexphpcurid68673261aemp

img altukraine return cold war srchttpswwwamericanpurposecomcontentimages202203stingerafghanjpgpfor twentyfive years end cold war world especially united states enjoyed period hrefhttpswwwamazoncomrisefallpeaceearthdp0190935936refsr_1_1cridtd1ap8h3usxikeywordsmichaelmandelbaumtheriseandfallofpeaceonearthqid1647604867sbookssprefixmichaelmandelbaumtheriseandfallofpeaceonearth2cstripbooks2c57sr11unprecedented peacea preparations greatpower war anticipation negotiations war background largely absent foreign policies strongest powers war ukraine makes clear happy period ended matter urgency assess conflict proceed american western policy way assessments refer americas recent experience greatpower competition cold war good deal teach suggestppa hrefhttpsamznto3jj3okjemthe twilight struggleema hal brands distills cold war key lessons future author henry kissinger distinguished professor global affairs johns hopkins school advanced international studies knows cold war history puts knowledge good useppthe relevant lessons draws include importance difficulty managing alliances need correct learn inevitable mistakes benefits having clear strategy flexible choosing changing tactics imperative acting prudence occasional boldness brands presents lessons episodes cold war gives reader feeling shouldand notbe practiceppthe current powerful coordinated western response russian aggression bears emphasis author places alliances completed book russian attack ukraine february 24 brands opportunity incorporate ongoing war analysis war ukraine differs cold war experience important way 1945 largescale clash arms occurred middle europe savage combat world war world war ii took place sense putins war taken world half 1940s ways taking place ukraine repeats patterns familiar cold warppone pattern conflict ukraine proxy war nucleararmed great powerrussiais directly engaged combat othernatois providing material political support adversary follows pattern american wars korea vietnam soviet war afghanistan past conflicts nucleararmed power fighting countrys territory weaker party hope holding receiving supplies country common land borderstrong strongin current war poland cast role china soviet union played korean war china played vietnamese conflict pakistan carried antisoviet afghan insurgency postcold war american operations iraq afghanistan failed fully achieve goals sanctuaries available antiamerican insurgentsin iran pakistan respectivelyppin recognition fact wars dangerous especially involving states nuclear weapons nato scrupulously avoided direct combat russian forces happened proxy wars cold war era reflects deeply ingrained informal rule nuclear age clash run unacceptably high risk escalating use nuclear weapons allowed place reason nato extremely reluctant establish nofly zone ukraine require shooting russian aircraft sky attacking russian air defense systems inevitably killing personnel operating ukrainians rely defense country nato equipment probably nato soldiers airmenppyet direct american nato combat participation unlikely question contingencies trigger russian use chemical worst case nuclear weapons assault ukrainian civilians severe nato countries feel compelled intervene protect airlifts food medical suppliespdiv span datapullquotewhat taking place ukraine repeats patterns familiar cold warspan divpin similarity ukraine following strategy vietnam afghanistan adopted cold war era ukrainians hope conquer russians try inflict punishment themby killing wounding capturing russian soldiersthat government decide withdraw continue bleed american government decision vietnam cold war iraq afghanistan soviet government decision afghanistan classic strategy weak powers turning conflict exercise competitive suffering weaker sidestrong strongwhile incurring suffering inflict damage presumably lessmotivated stronger belligerent cause decide cut lossesppit conceivable heavy losses life equipment russians combination plummeting morale troops cause russian army fall apart combination plus damage unprecedentedly broad sanctions world imposed russia induce russian government negotiate sooner later settlement war acceptable ukraine cold war pattern repeats ukrainian success wont come alas fighting goes time causes death destruction ukrainians enduredphrpin initial weeks ukraine war brought surprises despite unexpected cold war precedents russia encountered far stiffer resistance political military leadership obviously anticipated source resistance ukrainian nationalismthe determination live country free foreign control similarly vietnamese communists won war united states managed mobilize nationalist sentiment americans afghan resistance prevailed soviet union harnessing local version nationalism tribal religious loyalty cosmopolitan globalized age nationalism close relatives remain powerful political forcesppin addition vigor scope response outside ukraine russian aggression come surprise kind surprise repeats pattern american history time time dramatic event changed way americans seen world place threats face triggering far robust response predicted american response soviet invasion afghanistan example decision 1990 evict saddam husseins forces kuwait present occasion response come americans europeans solely governments civil societyindividuals groups acted spontaneously support ukraine punish russiappa final parallelpotential actual yetwith history cold war offers hope peaceful future eastern europe soviet failure afghanistan series events led collapse soviet union independence constituent republics establishment government moscow time far peacefully inclined communist predecessor regime vladimir putin hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomopinions20220307whyputinmustbewareofcoupthreatsrussian setbacks pastain crimean war russojapanese war world war cold war itselfhave severely damaged swept away regimes presided themppregimes putins disintegrate slowly publicly crack suddenly development place potential bring enormous benefits ukraine russia europe world present era regime change moscow putin ousted power far different successor government place key lasting peace europe putin survive far clear setback policy ukraine leave power kind government follow known chance russian failure subdue neighbor ultimately yield peaceful russian government important reason try ensure putins aggression failppa hrefhttpswwwamericanpurposecomauthormichaelmandelbaumemstrongmichael mandelbaumstrongemaem christian herter professor emeritus american foreign policy johns hopkins school advanced international studies member editorial board emamerican purposeem author forthcoming history american foreign policy ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomfouragesamericanforeignpolicydp0197621791refsr_1_1cridbeetklcuse72keywordsmichaelmandelbaumthefouragesofamericanforeignpolicyqid1636745166sbookssprefixmichaelmandelbaum2cstripbooks2c166sr11the ages american foreign policy weak power great power superpower hyperpoweraem published juneemppemimage stuart brown central intelligence agency official website cia museum art collection public domain hrefhttpscommonswikimediaorgwindexphpcurid68673261httpscommonswikimediaorgwindexphpcurid68673261aemp

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The Pandemic Isn’t Over Yet, But Congress Is Willing to Gamble That It Is

pcovid cases are rising throughout spana hrefhttpswwwnytimescomlive20220317worldcovid19mandatescasesvaccineeuropesrisingcaseloadscouldforeshadowasecondomicronsurgeintheuseuropeaspan and spana hrefhttpstwittercomjburnmurdochstatus1503420750950195200asiaaspan leading some experts in the united states to wonder whether another wave is around the corner caseloads have been low in all 50 states following the omicron spike in late 2021 and earlier this year leading to a broad relaxation of mask mandates and a decrease in remote work options throughout the country nearly all republicans in congress and many conservative democrats are pushing for a spana hrefhttpswwwaxioscomvulnerabledemocratseyegoptransitmaskrepeal03f98f38fd1e4bf9adb65d5f8a0e416ehtmlutm_sourcenewsletterutm_mediumemailutm_campaignnewsletter_axiossneakpeekstreamtoprepealaspan of the continuing federal mask mandate on planes and public transportationp pthe spike in cases overseas is being driven by a subvariant of omicron known as ba2 early evidence suggests it may be even more transmissible than the initial variant which caused record surges around the world theres also cause for cautious optimism however as it appears that immunity caused by the first variant extends to the new subvariant between vaccinations and boosters and socalled natural immunity from a previous infection the united states may have a wall of protection to prevent caseloads and more importantly hospitalizations and deaths from spiking in the coming monthsp panthony fauci the federal governments point person on covid spana hrefhttpswwwnytimescomlive20220320worldcovid19mandatescasesvaccinefauciuscasesba2saidaspan on march 20 that he expected a rise in cases even if it doesnt amount to another fullblown wave fauci spana hrefhttpswwwcnbccom20220320healthexpertspredictuptickinuscovidcasesduetonewbapoint2varianthtmlestimatedaspan that the new subvariant accounts for about 25 to 30 percent of new casesp pif the worst is avoided in the united states it will not be because state and federal officials have taken measures to prepare for the next wave to the contrary congress recently failed to include additional pandemic funding in its annual massive spana hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220315uspoliticsbidencongresscovidreliefaidhtmlspending billaspan the result could be disastrous especially for poor people and those without insurance as republicans conservative democrats and even some spana hrefhttpstwittercomdrleanawenstatus1506606363161645063public health officialsaspan insist on putting the pandemic behind us and getting back to normal its not at all clear that the country or the world is through with covidp peven at the current levels the push from some to adopt a new normal of living with covid often ignores the risks to immunocompromised people and those who arent eligible for the vaccine millions of people who may not fit the cdcs definition of immunocompromised are spana hrefhttpskhnorgnewsarticlecovidimmunocompromisedsafetyguidancelivingaspan with chronic illness disabilities or other health concerns that put them at a heightened risk if aspects of the pandemic like regular remote work and telehealth become less common these are spana hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesdisabilitydoesntmakeuslessworthyoflifecovidpolicyassumesitdoesthe communities most likely to be left behindaspan even under what some mainstream pundits are considering a bestcase scenariop pand maintaining the current levels of community spread could be elusive president joe bidens plans at the federal level have largely been hampered by congress which has reverted from a brief period where it actually addressed public needs back to an antipublic health posture early rounds of pandemic relief were passed with socalled deficit spending but spana hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomuspolicy20220315whitehouserepublicanscoronavirusaidrepublicansaspan began insisting that democrats find a way to pay for the programs washington dcspeak for increasing taxes or finding another source of revenue biden had initially asked congress for 22 billion in new pandemic funding which lawmakers then cut to 15 billion with republicans and some conservative democrats insisting on the spending offsets the floated compromise was that new revenue would come from states that had already received pandemic funding prompting a spana hrefhttpswwwpoliticocomnews20220309congressgovernmentfundingpackage00014322rebellionaspan from a handful of house democrats house speaker nancy pelosi then pulled the new covid money from the bill prompting fear from the spana hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20220315backgroundpresscallbysenioradministrationofficialsoncovidresponseandfundingneedswhite houseaspan that congress would fail to pass the needed funding altogetherp asideinstead of taking this period of relatively low levels of community spread to shore up our collective defenses congress is rolling the dice betting that the worst of the pandemic is behind usaside pwithout the additional spending numerous federal projects are at risk on a rolling basis over the next several months the government will soon be forced to cut shipments of spana hrefhttpstwittercomnprpoliticsstatus1503756364862136320monoclonalaspan antibodies by 30 percent as soon as next week in spana hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomhealtharchive202203congresscovidspendingbill627090aprilaspan the administration will end a program that reimbursed providers for testing tracing and treating uninsured patients as a result people without insurance are facing a looming spana hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomhealthhealthnewslossfundingcovidtreatmentsvaccinesputsuninsuredcatastrophicplarcna20335catastropheaspan if they contract covid or need an additional booster shot fears of unknown medical bills could also prevent uninsured people from seeking preemptive care or treatment potentially further exacerbating community spreadp pthe disasters dont stop there support for domestic testing manufacturers will run out by spana hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20220315backgroundpresscallbysenioradministrationofficialsoncovidresponseandfundingneedsjuneaspan a senior administration official spana hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20220315backgroundpresscallbysenioradministrationofficialsoncovidresponseandfundingneedstoldaspan reporters that without more funding the federal government will lack the funding needed to accelerate research and development of nextgeneration vaccines that provide broader and more durable protection including a vaccine that protects against a range of variants the administration had spana hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesbidensplansforsecondcovid19boostersthreatenedbyfundingimpasse11647608400modpolitics_lead_pos3plannedaspan to make second booster shots available to the public at large in the fall if experts deemed it scientifically necessary but thats at risk now as wellp ptaken together this means the united states isnt prepared to deal with future covid variants an entirely different pandemic or even the existing levels of spread currently in the country although cases have dramatically dropped off since the height of the omicron spike the us is still spana hrefhttpswwwnytimescominteractive2021uscovidcaseshtmlregisteringaspan almost 30000 cases a day on average and roughly 830 deathsp pas emthe atlanticems ed yong spana hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomhealtharchive202203congresscovidspendingbill627090arguesaspan existing us pandemic measures were already insufficient to the task at hand these measures needed to be emstrengthenedem not weakened even further yong writes abandoning them assumes that the us will not need to respond to another large covid surge when such events are likely in no small part because of the countrys earlier failures and even if no such surge materializes another infectious threat inevitably will he adds that the united states is now sprinting towards the next pandemicp pinstead of creating the kind of robust lasting institutions and programs that could respond to the countrys current as well as shortterm and longterm needs congress is burying its head in the sand cutting funding for covid measures now is the very definition of penny wise pound foolish or to use a medical aphorism an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure instead of taking this period of relatively low levels of community spread to shore up our collective defenses congress is rolling the dice betting that the worst of the pandemic is behind usp pthis should be a time to reflect on the enormous success that covid vaccine developments represent success paid for directly and backstopped by public money if there is a lesson to be taken from march 2020 until now its that the us federal government is actually capable of making peoples lives better if it allocates the necessary resources to do so in a more just world the vaccines themselves would be owned by the public and distributed globally not just because its the right thing to do but also because its in our own collective selfinterest to deprive the virus of communities to spread and mutate thats not the world we live in but it would be a mistake not to embrace the successes weve seen over the last two years even if they need to be reframed away from the logic of publicprivate partnershipsp pthe pandemic has shown that public spending at the federal level can produce enormous public benefits unfortunately congress seems to have reverted back to an austeritybased deficit hawk mindset thats not a surprise but it does mean that public health in this country is at risk over the next several months let alone the next several decadesp

pcovid cases rising spana hrefhttpswwwnytimescomlive20220317worldcovid19mandatescasesvaccineeuropesrisingcaseloadscouldforeshadowasecondomicronsurgeintheuseuropeaspan spana hrefhttpstwittercomjburnmurdochstatus1503420750950195200asiaaspan leading experts united states wonder wave corner caseloads low 50 states following omicron spike late 2021 earlier year leading broad relaxation mask mandates decrease remote work options country nearly republicans congress conservative democrats pushing spana hrefhttpswwwaxioscomvulnerabledemocratseyegoptransitmaskrepeal03f98f38fd1e4bf9adb65d5f8a0e416ehtmlutm_sourcenewsletterutm_mediumemailutm_campaignnewsletter_axiossneakpeekstreamtoprepealaspan continuing federal mask mandate planes public transportationp pthe spike cases overseas driven subvariant omicron known ba2 early evidence suggests transmissible initial variant caused record surges world theres cause cautious optimism appears immunity caused variant extends new subvariant vaccinations boosters socalled natural immunity previous infection united states wall protection prevent caseloads importantly hospitalizations deaths spiking coming monthsp panthony fauci federal governments point person covid spana hrefhttpswwwnytimescomlive20220320worldcovid19mandatescasesvaccinefauciuscasesba2saidaspan march 20 expected rise cases doesnt fullblown wave fauci spana hrefhttpswwwcnbccom20220320healthexpertspredictuptickinuscovidcasesduetonewbapoint2varianthtmlestimatedaspan new subvariant accounts 25 30 percent new casesp pif worst avoided united states state federal officials taken measures prepare wave contrary congress recently failed include additional pandemic funding annual massive spana hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220315uspoliticsbidencongresscovidreliefaidhtmlspending billaspan result disastrous especially poor people insurance republicans conservative democrats spana hrefhttpstwittercomdrleanawenstatus1506606363161645063public health officialsaspan insist putting pandemic getting normal clear country world covidp peven current levels push adopt new normal living covid ignores risks immunocompromised people arent eligible vaccine millions people fit cdcs definition immunocompromised spana hrefhttpskhnorgnewsarticlecovidimmunocompromisedsafetyguidancelivingaspan chronic illness disabilities health concerns heightened risk aspects pandemic like regular remote work telehealth common spana hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesdisabilitydoesntmakeuslessworthyoflifecovidpolicyassumesitdoesthe communities likely left behindaspan mainstream pundits considering bestcase scenariop pand maintaining current levels community spread elusive president joe bidens plans federal level largely hampered congress reverted brief period actually addressed public needs antipublic health posture early rounds pandemic relief passed socalled deficit spending spana hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomuspolicy20220315whitehouserepublicanscoronavirusaidrepublicansaspan began insisting democrats find way pay programs washington dcspeak increasing taxes finding source revenue biden initially asked congress 22 billion new pandemic funding lawmakers cut 15 billion republicans conservative democrats insisting spending offsets floated compromise new revenue come states received pandemic funding prompting spana hrefhttpswwwpoliticocomnews20220309congressgovernmentfundingpackage00014322rebellionaspan handful house democrats house speaker nancy pelosi pulled new covid money bill prompting fear spana hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20220315backgroundpresscallbysenioradministrationofficialsoncovidresponseandfundingneedswhite houseaspan congress fail pass needed funding altogetherp asideinstead taking period relatively low levels community spread shore collective defenses congress rolling dice betting worst pandemic usaside pwithout additional spending numerous federal projects risk rolling basis months government soon forced cut shipments spana hrefhttpstwittercomnprpoliticsstatus1503756364862136320monoclonalaspan antibodies 30 percent soon week spana hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomhealtharchive202203congresscovidspendingbill627090aprilaspan administration end program reimbursed providers testing tracing treating uninsured patients result people insurance facing looming spana hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomhealthhealthnewslossfundingcovidtreatmentsvaccinesputsuninsuredcatastrophicplarcna20335catastropheaspan contract covid need additional booster shot fears unknown medical bills prevent uninsured people seeking preemptive care treatment potentially exacerbating community spreadp pthe disasters dont stop support domestic testing manufacturers run spana hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20220315backgroundpresscallbysenioradministrationofficialsoncovidresponseandfundingneedsjuneaspan senior administration official spana hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20220315backgroundpresscallbysenioradministrationofficialsoncovidresponseandfundingneedstoldaspan reporters funding federal government lack funding needed accelerate research development nextgeneration vaccines provide broader durable protection including vaccine protects range variants administration spana hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesbidensplansforsecondcovid19boostersthreatenedbyfundingimpasse11647608400modpolitics_lead_pos3plannedaspan second booster shots available public large fall experts deemed scientifically necessary thats risk wellp ptaken means united states isnt prepared deal future covid variants entirely different pandemic existing levels spread currently country cases dramatically dropped height omicron spike spana hrefhttpswwwnytimescominteractive2021uscovidcaseshtmlregisteringaspan 30000 cases day average roughly 830 deathsp pas emthe atlanticems ed yong spana hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomhealtharchive202203congresscovidspendingbill627090arguesaspan existing pandemic measures insufficient task hand measures needed emstrengthenedem weakened yong writes abandoning assumes need respond large covid surge events likely small countrys earlier failures surge materializes infectious threat inevitably adds united states sprinting pandemicp pinstead creating kind robust lasting institutions programs respond countrys current shortterm longterm needs congress burying head sand cutting funding covid measures definition penny wise pound foolish use medical aphorism ounce prevention worth pound cure instead taking period relatively low levels community spread shore collective defenses congress rolling dice betting worst pandemic usp pthis time reflect enormous success covid vaccine developments represent success paid directly backstopped public money lesson taken march 2020 federal government actually capable making peoples lives better allocates necessary resources world vaccines owned public distributed globally right thing collective selfinterest deprive virus communities spread mutate thats world live mistake embrace successes weve seen years need reframed away logic publicprivate partnershipsp pthe pandemic shown public spending federal level produce enormous public benefits unfortunately congress reverted austeritybased deficit hawk mindset thats surprise mean public health country risk months let decadesp

6240e6422201f2a9acba9349

How to Get Tough on Crime

prepublicans attack judges for being soft on crime but judges mostly determine sentence lengths and as spana hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomopinions20220325gopattacksjacksonmissrealliberalweaknesscrimejason willick argues in the washington posta sentences lengths are long and making them longer probably wont help spanp div blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcaplettera a relnoopener hrefhttpskilthubcmueduarticlesjournal_contributiondeterrence_in_the_twentyfirst_century_a_review_of_the_evidence64712001 target_blankcomprehensive 2013 reviewa of the literature by carnegie mellon a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwheinzcmuedufacultyresearchprofilesnagindaniel target_blankcriminologista daniel nagin found that there is little evidence that increasing already long prison sentences has a material deterrence effecta 2021 a relnoopener hrefhttpsyotamshemtovgithubiofilesrose_shemtov_2021_manuscriptpdfmsclkid62cbf1ababb111ec84655fd7e4d985f3 target_blankanalysisa by economists evan k rose of the university of chicago and yohan shemtov of ucla found that while serving time behind bars reduces the likelihood that someone will reoffend in north carolina there are diminishing returns to longer sentencesp blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcapletterso what can be donep div blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcaplettergeorge mason university economist alex tabarrok in reviewing some of the evidence on crime deterrence in 2016 a relnoopener hrefhttpsmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution201604policeversusprisonshtml target_blankwrotea we need to change what it means to be tough on crime instead of longer sentences lets make tough on crime mean increasing the probability of capture for those who commit crimesp p dataeltext dataqadropcaplettersix years on we appear headed in the opposite direction just 50 percent of murders were solved in 2020 the lowest a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwthemarshallprojectorg20220112asmurdersspikedpolicesolvedabouthalfin2020 target_blankrateab bin at least 40 years efforts to beef up police forces at least in progressive jurisdictions are likely to face political resistancep p dataeltext dataqadropcapletterlonger sentences for convicted criminals meanwhile remain difficult to oppose on the merits except perhaps for drug crimes that was evident during the jackson hearings when republicans attacked her sentences in certain childpornography cases as too lenient democrats shied away from defending the sentences themselves instead simply explaining that they were within the mainstreamp p dataeltext dataqadropcapletterthe jackson hearings showed that the gop perceives a political advantage on crime the key to actually bringing rates down however is not a more punitive judiciary but more effective prosecutors and police republicans political messaging would pack more policy punch if they focused their attention therep blockquote div div pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202203howtogettoughoncrimehtmlhow to get tough on crimea appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

prepublicans attack judges soft crime judges determine sentence lengths spana hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomopinions20220325gopattacksjacksonmissrealliberalweaknesscrimejason willick argues washington posta sentences lengths long making longer probably wont helpspanp div blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcaplettera relnoopener hrefhttpskilthubcmueduarticlesjournal_contributiondeterrence_in_the_twentyfirst_century_a_review_of_the_evidence64712001 target_blankcomprehensive 2013 reviewa literature carnegie mellon relnoopener hrefhttpswwwheinzcmuedufacultyresearchprofilesnagindaniel target_blankcriminologista daniel nagin found little evidence increasing long prison sentences material deterrence effecta 2021 relnoopener hrefhttpsyotamshemtovgithubiofilesrose_shemtov_2021_manuscriptpdfmsclkid62cbf1ababb111ec84655fd7e4d985f3 target_blankanalysisa economists evan k rose university chicago yohan shemtov ucla found serving time bars reduces likelihood reoffend north carolina diminishing returns longer sentencesp blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcapletterso donep div blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcaplettergeorge mason university economist alex tabarrok reviewing evidence crime deterrence 2016 relnoopener hrefhttpsmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution201604policeversusprisonshtml target_blankwrotea need change means tough crime instead longer sentences lets tough crime mean increasing probability capture commit crimesp p dataeltext dataqadropcaplettersix years appear headed opposite direction 50 percent murders solved 2020 lowest relnoopener hrefhttpswwwthemarshallprojectorg20220112asmurdersspikedpolicesolvedabouthalfin2020 target_blankrateab bin 40 years efforts beef police forces progressive jurisdictions likely face political resistancep p dataeltext dataqadropcapletterlonger sentences convicted criminals remain difficult oppose merits drug crimes evident jackson hearings republicans attacked sentences certain childpornography cases lenient democrats shied away defending sentences instead simply explaining mainstreamp p dataeltext dataqadropcapletterthe jackson hearings showed gop perceives political advantage crime key actually bringing rates punitive judiciary effective prosecutors police republicans political messaging pack policy punch focused attention therep blockquote div div pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202203howtogettoughoncrimehtmlhow tough crimea appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

6240e67e2201f2a9acba934d

My hour on Danish TV

piframe allowfullscreentrue srchttpswwwyoutubecomembed9bfhwnbj86qversion3rel1showsearch0showinfo1iv_load_policy1fs1hlenusautohide2wmodetransparent width640 height360iframep pand here is a relnoopener hrefhttpsplayercaptivatefmepisode3f2c6c91110b4352afac402f09181105 target_blankthe podcast versionap pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202203myhourondanishtvhtmlmy hour on danish tva appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

piframe allowfullscreentrue srchttpswwwyoutubecomembed9bfhwnbj86qversion3rel1showsearch0showinfo1iv_load_policy1fs1hlenusautohide2wmodetransparent width640 height360iframep pand relnoopener hrefhttpsplayercaptivatefmepisode3f2c6c91110b4352afac402f09181105 target_blankthe podcast versionap pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202203myhourondanishtvhtmlmy hour danish tva appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

6240e6952201f2a9acba934f

In praise of Paul Farmer

pfrom an email by john quattrochip blockquotepthere are no mentions of paul farmer who recently passed away on mr this is a shame because he excelled in two areas of interest to you talent identification and crosscultural integration of ideasp ppaul a datalinkindex0 dataauthverified relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsnam11safelinksprotectionoutlookcomurlhttps3a2f2fwwwnytimescom2f20222f022f212fobituaries2fpaulfarmerdeadhtmldata047c017ctcowen40gmuedu7c293564f96395448922a108da0ceb1af37c9e857255df574c47a0c00546460380cb7c07c07c6378365011753386267cunknown7ctwfpbgzsb3d8eyjwijoimc4wljawmdailcjqijoiv2lumziilcjbtii6ik1hawwilcjxvci6mn03d7c3000sdataffk1iubousbwdzn41kxpfvoyww7ulhxjkok5yuignbc3dreserved0 titleoriginal url httpswwwnytimescom20220221obituariespaulfarmerdeadhtml click or tap if you trust this link target_blankdida a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom1pnzhpsghuh_5ezux5sduq25hnb_koe5usq3rbfvbuypyra7mfyous4iilxzkmvecekskoxbokhoingnfumoimo9xckaxf1zpomzfg0ih_4etbrgsujh_snd71wqomx4wyfvficdqzlrxsxlssdgj_hg7fxpn5jumbewkznqukorehljn9c32gif7a9f43stb1rk28uycggwbnytw6ctvn_kwq3argpwlupqyszhl3hbbyqe_tzf1z5gxn9oofae6m5niqg2xnwkqklyd2ysuhbnaait6wglg_oxohna8egeqsatkwzxylytgdymyturzoysfzvfgqy5kohkfqtstkzaj3b6pzxayj_cxi3x4jglrmnds7gf5pjqmqmwpdtnjbpgaupcdcvmmj6vhzcidabac5zkslrbvna_5napghckxhtkmdq5bmquupzcfdvfqzdpganxepcghttps3a2f2fwwwtheguardiancom2fsociety2f20222fmar2f032fpaulfarmerobituary datalinkindex1 dataauthnotapplicable target_blanksoa a datalinkindex2 dataauthverified relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsnam11safelinksprotectionoutlookcomurlhttps3a2f2fwwwtheatlanticcom2fhealth2farchive2f20222f022fpaulfarmerobituarybillgates2f6228762fdata047c017ctcowen40gmuedu7c293564f96395448922a108da0ceb1af37c9e857255df574c47a0c00546460380cb7c07c07c6378365011753386267cunknown7ctwfpbgzsb3d8eyjwijoimc4wljawmdailcjqijoiv2lumziilcjbtii6ik1hawwilcjxvci6mn03d7c3000sdata2ur2b2wy2bct42idsn2zkytvwptarmlvpics5gzauzlju3dreserved0 titleoriginal url httpswwwtheatlanticcomhealtharchive202202paulfarmerobituarybillgates622876 click or tap if you trust this link target_blankmucha a datalinkindex3 dataauthverified relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsnam11safelinksprotectionoutlookcomurlhttps3a2f2fwwwwashingtonpostcom2fobituaries2f20222f022f222fpaulfarmerglobalhealthdead2fdata047c017ctcowen40gmuedu7c293564f96395448922a108da0ceb1af37c9e857255df574c47a0c00546460380cb7c07c07c6378365011753386267cunknown7ctwfpbgzsb3d8eyjwijoimc4wljawmdailcjqijoiv2lumziilcjbtii6ik1hawwilcjxvci6mn03d7c3000sdataxufj5lx3uxqdnegneazysu1wdsawlgcdtokhkc5l5ws3dreserved0 titleoriginal url httpswwwwashingtonpostcomobituaries20220222paulfarmerglobalhealthdead click or tap if you trust this link target_blankfora a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom159yugrqypwktxlckapmrtr9rwmytgdemggwf2jvryz1rqaax0kzxjizwnebl4bachxyryokcqjuezj4jveu7wrmcv8avdxsfuth76dbzmxk41s1ovk8y3ebunbm_s2_7gvo0d98xrqxwjhsskmfkwtgdlreiesl3hc6w82rxofj60xrgl8yjfaspltedro58jldcmuj_1nmf0_moslmerl103pdoebvh4agh3snilfsd8jljmegicgkiaegh2lk36qooa3dtangryhbscfgzevejqmqzeo1r8vfctcgxxdefo4s9xt9azsf_wtf5ntzf2t69cvm3texpaklm2vj5tqxps4pomiclz0ubl7kfgdwpsw03p8vev4y_sh6k6z3dable0nl8zviintgi2fme7i3n4woetvk3qwsbr5cylk5ltfrtwbdkbft0jcg2rzd5ql4sos6pg3hwhttps3a2f2fslatecom2fhumaninterest2f20222f022fpaulfarmerobituaryadiabentonhtml datalinkindex4 dataauthnotapplicable target_blanksoa a datalinkindex5 dataauthverified relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsnam11safelinksprotectionoutlookcomurlhttps3a2f2fwwwbostonglobecom2f20222f022f212fmetro2fdrpaulfarmerwhotirelesslybroughthealthcareworldsneediestdies622fdata047c017ctcowen40gmuedu7c293564f96395448922a108da0ceb1af37c9e857255df574c47a0c00546460380cb7c07c07c6378365011753386267cunknown7ctwfpbgzsb3d8eyjwijoimc4wljawmdailcjqijoiv2lumziilcjbtii6ik1hawwilcjxvci6mn03d7c3000sdataelnj2fgo2buu2fx99jj2e052rivcu9n6uayuxw2bqujcmqe3dreserved0 titleoriginal url httpswwwbostonglobecom20220221metrodrpaulfarmerwhotirelesslybroughthealthcareworldsneediestdies62 click or tap if you trust this link target_blankmanya a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom1wzroo4ebctlvi31s15mnjyxyxud50_abknqe_enr0cwscysgnq5wfnocxv4i_vosbc7gcwrdyyoxinchq_pvss1jbb1jdmhoupjbgzhr_fjrposxmofhnwl_6s9hqvhzoo0v93vouuofx1aysjqkf2bko8ilj81wyjb2ojoelyawo5zudgxzdna9h_ueerqaee9rqzqdv6g9nkxwy76alrteei2utdob96zjc2cog74rqh_beg7r06jhmlljxoivhtiw5qsceuxgrhwehzatt3blw7aitj6nhmr75utics9wn7xuyu1wczmxyu92monxytepkzj4tq8jr_kwf1ua_lnarpk5ztpws2yhfxvkobujklunlkrsvc_d0o0nonjc5vqsftdaiweuh_dg4oasaqtuinueln4s3az0n5pjv9jp95ax1loky8ffgnlwuhttps3a2f2fwwwthenationcom2farticle2fworld2fpaulfarmerobituary2f datalinkindex6 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankpeoplea that its easy to lose sight of what set him apart he was a leader in the social movement to improve health among the most vulnerable he did so by building organizations and writing and speaking across multiple culturesp phe began by going to an important center in his industry and becoming an understudy to a master practitioner rural haiti is to health vulnerability what silicon valley is to tech innovation in his early 20s paul went there to work for fritz lafontant a wozniaklike haitian priest pioneering a communitybased approach to the social determinants of healthp ppaul then identified the talent with whom he would cofound in 1987 aged 28 the central organization for his work zanmi lasante partners in health in 1983 he met and recruited the 18yearold ophelia dahl she has been in pih leadership for 35 years around the same time he met and recruited fellow medical student jim kim who also led pih before stints as president of dartmouth and the world bank  from his undergrad friends he brought on todd mccormack son of the founder of one of the worlds leading talent management agencies img and finally for startup capital he successfully pitched tom white a 67yearold boston construction magnatep pto expand his movement he adapted his ideas to the peculiar idioms of many cultures and subcultures medicine anthropology christianity washington dc haiti russia rwanda and more he lectured widely and always lingered afterward forging brief but powerful individual connections his charisma included equal parts moral exhortation and dry humor as a harvard professor for over 30 years he convinced many students to join his movement in lieu of or in addition to rentseeking careers in finance or management consultingp ppaul is often called a hero yet if a hero is someone who sacrifices much paul may not qualify by all appearances he loved his work and was richly rewarded in status and attention whats not debatable is his genius from boardrooms to bedsides lecture halls to shanty stalls he channeled the idea that every human life has equal moral worth in irreplicable ways his legacy is immensepblockquote pripp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202203inpraiseofpaulfarmerhtmlin praise of paul farmera appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pfrom email john quattrochip blockquotepthere mentions paul farmer recently passed away mr shame excelled areas interest talent identification crosscultural integration ideasp ppaula datalinkindex0 dataauthverified relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsnam11safelinksprotectionoutlookcomurlhttps3a2f2fwwwnytimescom2f20222f022f212fobituaries2fpaulfarmerdeadhtmldata047c017ctcowen40gmuedu7c293564f96395448922a108da0ceb1af37c9e857255df574c47a0c00546460380cb7c07c07c6378365011753386267cunknown7ctwfpbgzsb3d8eyjwijoimc4wljawmdailcjqijoiv2lumziilcjbtii6ik1hawwilcjxvci6mn03d7c3000sdataffk1iubousbwdzn41kxpfvoyww7ulhxjkok5yuignbc3dreserved0 titleoriginal url httpswwwnytimescom20220221obituariespaulfarmerdeadhtml click tap trust link target_blankdidaa relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom1pnzhpsghuh_5ezux5sduq25hnb_koe5usq3rbfvbuypyra7mfyous4iilxzkmvecekskoxbokhoingnfumoimo9xckaxf1zpomzfg0ih_4etbrgsujh_snd71wqomx4wyfvficdqzlrxsxlssdgj_hg7fxpn5jumbewkznqukorehljn9c32gif7a9f43stb1rk28uycggwbnytw6ctvn_kwq3argpwlupqyszhl3hbbyqe_tzf1z5gxn9oofae6m5niqg2xnwkqklyd2ysuhbnaait6wglg_oxohna8egeqsatkwzxylytgdymyturzoysfzvfgqy5kohkfqtstkzaj3b6pzxayj_cxi3x4jglrmnds7gf5pjqmqmwpdtnjbpgaupcdcvmmj6vhzcidabac5zkslrbvna_5napghckxhtkmdq5bmquupzcfdvfqzdpganxepcghttps3a2f2fwwwtheguardiancom2fsociety2f20222fmar2f032fpaulfarmerobituary datalinkindex1 dataauthnotapplicable target_blanksoaa datalinkindex2 dataauthverified relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsnam11safelinksprotectionoutlookcomurlhttps3a2f2fwwwtheatlanticcom2fhealth2farchive2f20222f022fpaulfarmerobituarybillgates2f6228762fdata047c017ctcowen40gmuedu7c293564f96395448922a108da0ceb1af37c9e857255df574c47a0c00546460380cb7c07c07c6378365011753386267cunknown7ctwfpbgzsb3d8eyjwijoimc4wljawmdailcjqijoiv2lumziilcjbtii6ik1hawwilcjxvci6mn03d7c3000sdata2ur2b2wy2bct42idsn2zkytvwptarmlvpics5gzauzlju3dreserved0 titleoriginal url httpswwwtheatlanticcomhealtharchive202202paulfarmerobituarybillgates622876 click tap trust link target_blankmuchaa datalinkindex3 dataauthverified relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsnam11safelinksprotectionoutlookcomurlhttps3a2f2fwwwwashingtonpostcom2fobituaries2f20222f022f222fpaulfarmerglobalhealthdead2fdata047c017ctcowen40gmuedu7c293564f96395448922a108da0ceb1af37c9e857255df574c47a0c00546460380cb7c07c07c6378365011753386267cunknown7ctwfpbgzsb3d8eyjwijoimc4wljawmdailcjqijoiv2lumziilcjbtii6ik1hawwilcjxvci6mn03d7c3000sdataxufj5lx3uxqdnegneazysu1wdsawlgcdtokhkc5l5ws3dreserved0 titleoriginal url httpswwwwashingtonpostcomobituaries20220222paulfarmerglobalhealthdead click tap trust link target_blankforaa relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom159yugrqypwktxlckapmrtr9rwmytgdemggwf2jvryz1rqaax0kzxjizwnebl4bachxyryokcqjuezj4jveu7wrmcv8avdxsfuth76dbzmxk41s1ovk8y3ebunbm_s2_7gvo0d98xrqxwjhsskmfkwtgdlreiesl3hc6w82rxofj60xrgl8yjfaspltedro58jldcmuj_1nmf0_moslmerl103pdoebvh4agh3snilfsd8jljmegicgkiaegh2lk36qooa3dtangryhbscfgzevejqmqzeo1r8vfctcgxxdefo4s9xt9azsf_wtf5ntzf2t69cvm3texpaklm2vj5tqxps4pomiclz0ubl7kfgdwpsw03p8vev4y_sh6k6z3dable0nl8zviintgi2fme7i3n4woetvk3qwsbr5cylk5ltfrtwbdkbft0jcg2rzd5ql4sos6pg3hwhttps3a2f2fslatecom2fhumaninterest2f20222f022fpaulfarmerobituaryadiabentonhtml datalinkindex4 dataauthnotapplicable target_blanksoaa datalinkindex5 dataauthverified relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsnam11safelinksprotectionoutlookcomurlhttps3a2f2fwwwbostonglobecom2f20222f022f212fmetro2fdrpaulfarmerwhotirelesslybroughthealthcareworldsneediestdies622fdata047c017ctcowen40gmuedu7c293564f96395448922a108da0ceb1af37c9e857255df574c47a0c00546460380cb7c07c07c6378365011753386267cunknown7ctwfpbgzsb3d8eyjwijoimc4wljawmdailcjqijoiv2lumziilcjbtii6ik1hawwilcjxvci6mn03d7c3000sdataelnj2fgo2buu2fx99jj2e052rivcu9n6uayuxw2bqujcmqe3dreserved0 titleoriginal url httpswwwbostonglobecom20220221metrodrpaulfarmerwhotirelesslybroughthealthcareworldsneediestdies62 click tap trust link target_blankmanyaa relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom1wzroo4ebctlvi31s15mnjyxyxud50_abknqe_enr0cwscysgnq5wfnocxv4i_vosbc7gcwrdyyoxinchq_pvss1jbb1jdmhoupjbgzhr_fjrposxmofhnwl_6s9hqvhzoo0v93vouuofx1aysjqkf2bko8ilj81wyjb2ojoelyawo5zudgxzdna9h_ueerqaee9rqzqdv6g9nkxwy76alrteei2utdob96zjc2cog74rqh_beg7r06jhmlljxoivhtiw5qsceuxgrhwehzatt3blw7aitj6nhmr75utics9wn7xuyu1wczmxyu92monxytepkzj4tq8jr_kwf1ua_lnarpk5ztpws2yhfxvkobujklunlkrsvc_d0o0nonjc5vqsftdaiweuh_dg4oasaqtuinueln4s3az0n5pjv9jp95ax1loky8ffgnlwuhttps3a2f2fwwwthenationcom2farticle2fworld2fpaulfarmerobituary2f datalinkindex6 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankpeopleathat easy lose sight set apart leader social movement improve health vulnerable building organizations writing speaking multiple culturesp phe began going important center industry understudy master practitioner rural haiti health vulnerability silicon valley tech innovation early 20s paul went work fritz lafontant wozniaklike haitian priest pioneering communitybased approach social determinants healthp ppaul identified talent cofound 1987 aged 28 central organization work zanmi lasante partners health 1983 met recruited 18yearold ophelia dahl pih leadership 35 years time met recruited fellow medical student jim kim led pih stints president dartmouth world bank undergrad friends brought todd mccormack son founder worlds leading talent management agencies img finally startup capital successfully pitched tom white 67yearold boston construction magnatep pto expand movement adapted ideas peculiar idioms cultures subcultures medicine anthropology christianity washington dc haiti russia rwanda lectured widely lingered afterward forging brief powerful individual connections charisma included equal parts moral exhortation dry humor harvard professor 30 years convinced students join movement lieu addition rentseeking careers finance management consultingp ppaul called hero hero sacrifices paul qualify appearances loved work richly rewarded status attention whats debatable genius boardrooms bedsides lecture halls shanty stalls channeled idea human life equal moral worth irreplicable ways legacy immensepblockquote pripp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202203inpraiseofpaulfarmerhtmlin praise paul farmera appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

62423762e74f6d2343b1c611

Will Vladimir Putin Ever Face Ultimate Justice?

hrimg altwill vladimir putin ever face ultimate justice srchttpswisdomofcrowdslivecontentimages202203mnjpgpsome people see tragedysuch as the one currently unfolding in ukraineand wonder how a higher power could ever let such a thing happen this is also known as quottheodicyquot or the puzzle of why a good god does not intercede to limit or prevent suffering in other words this is a hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdsliveukraineandtheproblemofevilthe problem of evila what we know of god at least in the monotheistic faiths is that he emcould emintercede and if he is capable of stopping a great injustice from happening the fact that he doesnt suggests that he is emchoosingem not to stop it ppthis is intuitive enough but there are a number of complications that arise from this response to the question of why things that shouldnt happen do the most obvious complication is that the notion of quotchoicequot is an intrinsically human one what does it really mean to say that god is choosing to do one thing over another thing is god capable of choice in such a manner or is the act of choosing wrapped up in the fact of a hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivephilosophyukraineandfinitudehuman fallibility and finitudea to be conflicted about two potential paths is only possible in light of uncertainty and moral dilemmas these are human experiences and it is unclear whether they can be applied to god in any meaningful sense  ppemifem god intervened which tragedies would meet the requisite threshold would he only intervene in the case of genocides but not mass killings if mass killings qualified what about diseases that seem to extinguish life randomly and unfairlyindividual tragedies that accumulate into profound collective loss ppthen there is the matter of free will accountability in the eyes of godusually in the form of final judgment in the hereafteronly makes sense if humans have some freedom to choose between right and wrong if they are not free to decide then it would contravene logic to say that they should be punished for something they had no control over in the first place obviously various religious traditions subscribe to some form of predestination it is possible to say that gods will contains paradoxes that humans cannot decipher and that to attempt to divine a rational explanation for punishment and salvation is infringing on gods mystery if however you are willing to accept a quotrationalistquot account of gods decisionmaking then it would follow that god cannot stop individuals from committing horrendous acts against their fellow human beings because this would undermine the entire structure of divine accountability ppin other words if god had somehow acted to prevent vladimir putin from invading ukraine in the days leading up to that fateful decision then this would in effect negate putins freedom to decide what putin did is not particularly unique in the sweep of human history although it may seem unique to us moderns so if god were to quotintervenequot against putin it would necessitate preemptively intervening in perhaps millions of comparable scenarios relating to invasion war and oppression that are or were the norm in the human experience ppso then were left with a situation of profound injustice one that is only likely to a hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivethenewabnormalget worsea in the weeks and months to come there is a reasonable chance that putin will get away with it i suppose i am odd but its in times of tragedy like this when my belief in god is strengthened because i am not willing to accept a world in which justice is beyond us and perhaps the only prospect of true and ultimate justice for putin and those like him is that they face their reckoning in the next life if not necessarily in this one to be sure limited justice is possible in the here and nowif the russian military is repelled and ukraine survives as a sovereign nation we should hope for that and fight for that with every means at our disposal but even if russian forces leave ukraine in defeat and disgrace putin will likely still be able to live his remaining years in relative comfort ppwhat belief in god allows us then is the knowledge that justice may be delayed but it will come in due time i believe that heaven and hell exist but even if they dont it would be better to believe that they do especially nowp

hrimg altwill vladimir putin face ultimate justice srchttpswisdomofcrowdslivecontentimages202203mnjpgpsome people tragedysuch currently unfolding ukraineand wonder higher power let thing happen known quottheodicyquot puzzle good god intercede limit prevent suffering words hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdsliveukraineandtheproblemofevilthe problem evila know god monotheistic faiths emcould emintercede capable stopping great injustice happening fact doesnt suggests emchoosingem stop ppthis intuitive number complications arise response question things shouldnt happen obvious complication notion quotchoicequot intrinsically human mean god choosing thing thing god capable choice manner act choosing wrapped fact hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivephilosophyukraineandfinitudehuman fallibility finitudea conflicted potential paths possible light uncertainty moral dilemmas human experiences unclear applied god meaningful sense ppemifem god intervened tragedies meet requisite threshold intervene case genocides mass killings mass killings qualified diseases extinguish life randomly unfairlyindividual tragedies accumulate profound collective loss ppthen matter free accountability eyes godusually form final judgment hereafteronly makes sense humans freedom choose right wrong free decide contravene logic punished control place obviously religious traditions subscribe form predestination possible gods contains paradoxes humans decipher attempt divine rational explanation punishment salvation infringing gods mystery willing accept quotrationalistquot account gods decisionmaking follow god stop individuals committing horrendous acts fellow human beings undermine entire structure divine accountability ppin words god acted prevent vladimir putin invading ukraine days leading fateful decision effect negate putins freedom decide putin particularly unique sweep human history unique moderns god quotintervenequot putin necessitate preemptively intervening millions comparable scenarios relating invasion war oppression norm human experience ppso left situation profound injustice likely hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivethenewabnormalget worsea weeks months come reasonable chance putin away suppose odd times tragedy like belief god strengthened willing accept world justice prospect true ultimate justice putin like face reckoning life necessarily sure limited justice possible nowif russian military repelled ukraine survives sovereign nation hope fight means disposal russian forces leave ukraine defeat disgrace putin likely able live remaining years relative comfort ppwhat belief god allows knowledge justice delayed come time believe heaven hell exist dont better believe especially nowp

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Will Smith Reminds Us Why Words Should Not Be Equivalent to Violence

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour0723072400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour0723071200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour0723072400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour0723071200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altzumaamericasthirtyfour072307 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307800x450jpg height675 picture div plast night at the oscars chris rock made a dumb joke about jada pinkett smith which prompted her husbandwill smithto walk up on stage and slap him across the face in the year 2022 we are unaccustomed to witnessing notable public figures engage in spontaneous acts of violence and thus the slap is all anyone can talk about my colleague eric boehm a hrefhttpsreasoncom20220328belikechrisrockhad this takeap pi agree with him but this is definitely a twotake event additionally i would like to note that will smith has reminded everyone precisely why it is so dangerous to erode the critical postenlightenment distinction between words and actions this distinction was a social innovation that made violence emless emnecessary and thus less common a hrefhttpsreasoncom20220324hearingmikepencespeakwontharmuvastudentswoke liberalsa trying to a hrefhttpsreasoncom20220302ilyashapirouchastingslawschoolstudentsprotestracismsupremecourtreasserta the equivalence between speech and violence are perhaps inadvertently harkening back to a more barbaric timep pfor most of human history people did in fact live their truth speech emwas emviolence and anyone who said something offensive could invite reprisal people who offended their neighbors would engage in blood feuds for generations people who offended the political authorities could be dismembered people who offended the religious authorities could be burned to death speech was not viewed as some special separate category of behavior impugning another persons reputation could be considered a provocative act the same as striking him in the facep pletting people kill each other every time they get upset about something is not a great way to run a society thankfully over the past three hundred years many advanced civilizations have evolved cultural norms that delineate words and actions its not a universal rule of course people do still come to blows after quarreling though the fact that they can be arrested for such conduct tends to discourage it over time it has become less and less common to encounter reciprocal violence outside of a few exceptional scenarios prisons which contain disproportionate numbers of antisocial people schools where kids are still learning how to socialize and sometimes bars where alcohol lowers inhibitionsp pon twitter bridget phetasy a hrefhttpstwittercombridgetphetasystatus1508283377702432771saysa that smiths slap shows that quotweve reached the inevitable conclusion of words are violencequot emthe atlanticems elizabeth bruenig pushed backp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltri dont know i think fighting a guy who talked shit about your girl is like a historical constant right there were historical periods in which that was like a legitimate legal reason to do violence against someone lol a hrefhttpstcogytezplzj2httpstcogytezplzj2ap p elizabeth bruenig ebruenig a hrefhttpstwittercomebruenigstatus1508285291412533248ref_srctwsrc5etfwmarch 28 2022apblockquote pp ptheyre both right people attacking each other emis emwhat results from a norm of quotwords are violencequotand we know this because it emwas emthe norm for most of human history thats not so much the case now but it always could be again its why a healthy level of contempt for smiths behavior is the right attitude dont hit people even if you dislike what they sayp pand dont be this personp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrit is violence to mock someones health condition and vulnerabilityp pit is violence to physically assault someone p pit is violence to not take responsibility for violent actionsp pit is violence to allow and excuse violence p pit is violence to call for violencep p yuhline niou yuhline a hrefhttpstwittercomyuhlinestatus1508408203872243718ref_srctwsrc5etfwmarch 28 2022apblockquote pp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220328willsmithchrisrockslapviolencewokeliberalsspeechwill smith reminds us why words should not be equivalent to violencea appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour0723072400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour0723071200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour0723072400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour0723071200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altzumaamericasthirtyfour072307 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203zumaamericasthirtyfour072307800x450jpg height675 picture div plast night oscars chris rock dumb joke jada pinkett smith prompted husbandwill smithto walk stage slap face year 2022 unaccustomed witnessing notable public figures engage spontaneous acts violence slap talk colleague eric boehm hrefhttpsreasoncom20220328belikechrisrockhad takeap pi agree definitely twotake event additionally like note smith reminded precisely dangerous erode critical postenlightenment distinction words actions distinction social innovation violence emlessemnecessary common hrefhttpsreasoncom20220324hearingmikepencespeakwontharmuvastudentswoke liberalsa trying hrefhttpsreasoncom20220302ilyashapirouchastingslawschoolstudentsprotestracismsupremecourtreassertathe equivalence speech violence inadvertently harkening barbaric timep pfor human history people fact live truth speech emwasemviolence said offensive invite reprisal people offended neighbors engage blood feuds generations people offended political authorities dismembered people offended religious authorities burned death speech viewed special separate category behavior impugning persons reputation considered provocative act striking facep pletting people kill time upset great way run society thankfully past years advanced civilizations evolved cultural norms delineate words actions universal rule course people come blows quarreling fact arrested conduct tends discourage time common encounter reciprocal violence outside exceptional scenarios prisons contain disproportionate numbers antisocial people schools kids learning socialize bars alcohol lowers inhibitionsp pon twitter bridget phetasy hrefhttpstwittercombridgetphetasystatus1508283377702432771saysa smiths slap shows quotweve reached inevitable conclusion words violencequot emthe atlanticems elizabeth bruenig pushed backp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltri dont know think fighting guy talked shit girl like historical constant right historical periods like legitimate legal reason violence lol hrefhttpstcogytezplzj2httpstcogytezplzj2ap p elizabeth bruenig ebruenig hrefhttpstwittercomebruenigstatus1508285291412533248ref_srctwsrc5etfwmarch 28 2022apblockquote pp ptheyre right people attacking emisemwhat results norm quotwords violencequotand know itemwasemthe norm human history thats case healthy level contempt smiths behavior right attitude dont hit people dislike sayp pand dont personp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrit violence mock someones health condition vulnerabilityp pit violence physically assault p pit violence responsibility violent actionsp pit violence allow excuse violence p pit violence violencep p yuhline niou yuhline hrefhttpstwittercomyuhlinestatus1508408203872243718ref_srctwsrc5etfwmarch 28 2022apblockquote pp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220328willsmithchrisrockslapviolencewokeliberalsspeechwill smith reminds words equivalent violencea appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

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How philosophy gave up on the truth

pback when i was a graduate student in the nineties first at st andrews university and then at leeds philosophy departments were terrifying places seminar rooms often felt like amphitheatresp pevery week the same ritual would unfold in the senior research seminar first a visiting speaker from another university would spend an hour explaining the details of his new theory to an ostentatiously bored and listless audience grimacing through the faint applause he would brace himself for what we all knew was to followp ppreviously slouched comatoselooking figures in the audience would ominously stir into life hands would shoot up the objections would start frank accusations of confusion questionbegging inconsistency and contradiction would be made against which the stammering speaker would defend himself as best he could tenacious questioners would follow up on their original objections and follow up again to be stopped only when the speaker eventually muttered the shaming words equivalent to a giveup signal in judo ill have to think a bit more about that  victory achieved the questioner would fall back in his chair visibly satisfied to an almost postcoital degreep divdiv pthe speakers immediate ordeal over he would be dragged to the pub and forcefed copious amounts of alcohol then on to some probably awful restaurant where colleagues who were particularly socially unaware which lets face it was most of them would continue explaining to him precisely why he was completely and utterly wrong with huge enthusiasm late into the nightp pwhen i was a masters student at st andrews the stated aim of some faculty members was to humiliate visiting speakers with a win for the home department declared afterwards a distinguished professor from australia once told me that years later he still woke up in the night sweating reliving how badly his paper at st andrews had gone at leeds during my phd there were still a couple of wittgensteins original acolytes knocking about apparently first learnt at the feet of the master the habit had spread among staff of theatrically wrinkling and striking the forehead in an exaggeratedly contemptuous manner when they heard something they didnt like in full view of the visiting speaker sometimes they would wheel round sneeringly turn their backs on the speaker and hold their heads in their handsp pfrankly these places scared the bejesus out of me at st andrews i think i only ever spoke twice in class the second time i was scoffed at by the teacher so effectively that i didnt speak in class again there ever in leeds i used to shake with anxiety walking down the endless departmental corridor towards the end of my time there i finally dared to put up my hand to ask a question at a research seminar and thought i must be having a heart attack so loudly was my heart banging in my chestp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022032gettyimages1370803167scaled1300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarh5do we need a trans olympicsh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarspanbyspan ayaan hirsi aliapdivadiv pmost places back then were like this academic philosophers were nearly all men and many most of them were eccentric obsessive grumpy men with minds like steel traps philosophy departments were places where derision incredulity and scorn were manifested on a daily basis without any attempt to hide itp pyou probably expect me to say how terrible this all was actually i wonder if it wasnt the best of all possible worlds in comparison to what came nextp pstrongstrongp pin 2011 a report came out that was circulated widely within uk philosophy departments this was a joint initiative from the british philosophical association bpa and the society for women in philosophy swip entitled a relnoopener hrefhttpsbpaacukwpcontentuploads201811bpa_report_women_in_philosophypdf target_blankwomen in philosophy in the uka its aim was to present a new survey indicating womens relatively low participation in higher echelons of the philosophy profession despite large numbers of them at undergraduate level at the time swip was an organisation i cared about partly for selfinterested reasons naturally assuming they represented me given my membership of the female sex later on when more senior i would get involved with their mentoring schemes for women in early career stagesp pthis report enthusiastically leaned into the fashionable theories and buzzwords of the time hypothesising that the main causes of womens diminishing engagement in philosophy over time must be mens implicit bias against women and womens experience of stereotype threat rather than say the effects of early educational influences economic or other structural influences ultimately to do with motherhood or possible sexbased difference across populations the salient point for us here though is that one of the reports conclusions was that women were being deterred from postgraduate degrees and jobs in philosophy because of male aggression in arguments for instance the report notedp blockquotepone piece of stereotypically male behaviour is an aggressive style of argument in the seminar room this might include for example displaying hostility by words tone of voice or body language towards a speaker or audience or a class discussion member whom one thinks has failed to grasp a point or adequately address an objection or pursuing a point well past the stage where it is obvious that the speaker has no adequate responsepblockquote psince stereotype threat and implicit bias were thought to be difficult to eradicate and arguably are even more so now since its turned out they probably a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpsypostorg201810studyfailstofindanyevidenceofstereotypethreatimpairingwomenscognitivecontrolandmathability52334 target_blankdonta a relnoopener hrefhttpsqzcom1144504theworldisrelyingonaflawedpsychologicaltesttofightracism target_blankexista as robustly evidenced phenomena by far the easiestlooking response to the report was to try to make philosophical discussions less intimidating this project was taken seriously by many colleagues across the country including my own one by one philosophy departments started to advertise on their websites that they abided by the bpaswips new a relnoopener hrefhttpsbpaacukwpcontentuploads201811allgpdocspdf target_blankgood practice guidea by 2018 a a relnoopener hrefhttpsbpaacukwpcontentuploads202108goodpracticeschemeimpactreport2018pdf target_blankstudy of the impact of this schemea was able to report that as a result of the seminar policies many universities reported that the atmosphere was more constructive and less aggressivep diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203thefictionalworldoftransactivismrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202203thefictionalworldoftransactivismrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022032gettyimages1325609608scalede1647889456206300x174jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203thefictionalworldoftransactivismrefinnarspanmore from this authorspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203thefictionalworldoftransactivismrefinnarh5the fictional world of trans activismh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203thefictionalworldoftransactivismrefinnarspanbyspan kathleen stockapdivadiv pbased on my own experience of both giving and attending talks around the country i too can attest to a change in social norms in the philosophy seminar room during this period fuelled partly by the influence of the report but also by the increasing numbers of north americans getting jobs in uk universities back then and so bringing cultural norms of us academia with them indeed the two are arguably linked one of the bpaswip reports main authors is americanp pthe most obvious manifestation of this change was that younger british members of departments started talking like fake yanks an implausible degree of positivity in talks became the norm even amongst the otherwise terminally morose a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbbccouknewsmagazine28708526 target_blankupward inflectiona became commonplace as did the intensifier super an implied exclamation mark and an unfeasibly perky demeanour ostentatious expressions of folksy informality became more common some audience members started shudder embringing knitting along to talksem meanwhile speakers under a guise of flattening the hierarchies could show off to others about their acquaintance with powerful figures in the profession by discussing their work on a casual firstname basis so heres what crispin thinks about higher order vaguenessp pduring question periods there was also a noticeable shift elaborate rules would be announced by the chair at the beginning of every question period the better to try to control unruly audience members junior and minority scholars would be prioritised over others to ask their questions first a hand should be raised for a main question a finger for a subsidiary followup hands emabsolutely could notem be smuggled in as fingers and so on a typical interaction between chair and questioner would go chair is that really a finger or is it a hand questioner its definitely a finger reader it was hardly ever a fingerp pit also became much more common for audience members to start by thanking speakers fulsomely for their talk then offer banal and unfocused lines of questioning such as i was really interested to hear you say x in your talk could you say a little more about that other audience members inwardly emplease god noem instead of trying to eviscerate the speaker with a devastating question the new tendency was to try to be constructive and collaborative in ones approach identifying not what was emwrongem with the speakers argument but what was emrightem about it generally it seemed to me that as ostentatious expressions of civility went up standards of inquiry dropped because as a questioner you no longer had to have grasped the form of the argument to ask an acceptable questionp punlike the authors of the bpaswip report im not convinced that the originally dominant argumentative style within philosophy departments was ever particularly testosteronefuelled though males were certainly its principal authors they werent beating each other up after all in fact outside the seminar room i have found most male philosophers fairly passive and confrontationaverse which presumably partly explains why so many have proved supine when it comes to rejecting fashionable gender metaphysicsp pwhatever the truth about its origins the demise of the old approach meant that aggression was still knocking around but now it had to go somewhere else as the numbers of phds being disgorged into the philosophy job market every year increased and the number of jobs available decreased competition amongst philosophers always high anyway became even more intense than usual where that aggression had formerly been expressed and so somewhat contained within the combative rituals of the seminar room it now sought new outlets and what it found was the internetp pstrongstrongp pthough more sensible academics tend to eschew social media altogether facebook is a favourite platform for many many spend lots of downtime scrolling and commenting throughout the working day even the most antisocial of philosophers is usually able to build up large numbers of facebook friends on the basis of shared acquaintances in a closeknit profession and this often includes lots of graduate students and postdocsp paround the same time as the bpaswip report was published and as the popularity of facebook as a platform was taking off some senior philosophers realised it provided them with the means to build up secure little fiefdoms not really private given the large numbers of colleagues and students looking on but not really public either within a few years high on the fumes of the a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20130803artscolinmcginnphilosophertoleavehisposthtml target_blankmedia attentiona being given to a few high profile sex scandals in the profession these same people were furiously cementing a narrative that philosophy was a terribly dangerous and threatening place not just for women but for other minorities toop pnow whether or not academic philosophy was or is a truly terrible place for minorities is not my question here but what was clear back then was that these people really really wanted to believe it was particular stories about harassment and prejudice to individuals that emerged online would be seized upon as emobviouslyem indicative of what must be happening to a particular minority at scale in the profession accompanied by heartfelt exhortations to listen to that minority as if its members were functionally interchangeable and because a narrative like this needs both heroes and villains and a clear storyline there was also a lot of sneering about white males and other ideological enemies and the emotional blackmailing of presumed weaklings into recanting public opinions the ingroup didnt likep diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111kathleenstockiwontbesilencedrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202111kathleenstockiwontbesilencedrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202111kathleen4e1636027060258300x146jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111kathleenstockiwontbesilencedrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111kathleenstockiwontbesilencedrefinnarh5kathleen stock i wont be silencedh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111kathleenstockiwontbesilencedrefinnarspanbyspan julie bindelapdivadiv pas these figures virtuesignalled gatekept and generally queenbeed around in virtual spaces they consolidated their own power an example was being set for younger onlookers desperately hungry to get into the profession permanently and standing relatively little chance given the paucity of jobs and the high number of competitors it told them that selfaggrandising and bullying others was acceptable in the philosophy profession as long as it was in the name of social justice and it told them that drawing attention to their own presumed victimhood was good for their careers since it was likely to draw the approval of more powerful othersp pone website for early career researchers started around then was called the philosophers cocoon helpfully indicating the professions new favoured approach roughly speaking this approach goes tell junior researchers in some particular identity group that the world of academic philosophy will be particularly harsh for them because of who they are isolate them from evidence that might disconfirm this or explain it differently uplift any narrative that apparently supports it and reward their ensuing expressions of anxiety with ostentatious cosseting soothing and patting and also for the love of god and the continuing flow of student fees and cheap labour dont mention that for most philosophy postgrads there will be no glorious butterfly stage after the cocoon because there just arent enough academic jobs to go roundp psoon enough ambitious youngsters who were able to tolerate the obviously infantilising element got the hang of this new game via selfpublished blogposts comments and open letters pleading with the profession they readily became the sort of public victim they sensed their elders would like to seep paround this time lots of facebook groups and dedicated blogs sprang up to support particular identity groups in philosophy the dynamics of these online spaces were sociologically fascinating to witness i was a silent member of the group academic mamas in philosophy for a while as well as its parent group the gruesome behemoth academic mamas and i still grin when i remember the implicit hierarchies barely suppressed rivalries moralised hyperbole and passiveaggressive spats about exactly who was having to do the emotional labour of educating others about their linguistic transgressions most of all i remember the offthecharts humblebragging hey mamas just wanted to get your views on whether an hour a week of screen time  supervised of course is excessive for a sevenyearold kiddo and if so can anyone hook me up to some cool educational websites ruefully i would lift my gaze from my computer to wink at my own children mainlining penguin biscuits and watching emcars 2em on a loop for the 14th time that dayp pbut to get back to the main point by 2017 when junior philosopher rebecca tuvel published her article in the journal emhypatiaem arguing that if transwomen are women transracial people like rachel dolezal must be black the groundwork for a a relnoopener hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikihypatia_transracialism_controversy target_blankdebacle of carnivalesque proportionsa was already prepared though tuvel was earnestly treating her argument as a emmodus ponensem ie since the premises about transwomen seemed true the conclusion about transracialism and dolezal must also be true it was obvious to most readers that equally her argument could work as a emmodus tollensem ie since the conclusion about transracialism and dolezal seems obviously false there must be something wrong with the premise about transwom oh shit help look over therep pthe resulting attempts to distract from this inconvenient implication involved mass denunciation on a hundred facebook pages and blogs widespread public huffing about failure to engage with the scholarship of trans people emandem philosophers of colour and a a relnoopener hrefhttpsdocsgooglecomformsd1efp9c0mhch_6kfgtlm0pz76nirwtcesqwhcvgidl2muviewformts59066d20edit_requestedtrue target_blankcomically pompous open lettera alleging tuvels incompetence as a researcher signed by big names in feminist philosophy and gender studies a craven public apology from emhypatiaems own associate editors for having published the article in the first place followedp pthe outcome of all of this predictably was fear noone wanted to be the next tuvel and especially not younger and more precarious members of the profession but the more established ones didnt much feel like it either the traditional means of defending a position using arguments wasnt fashionable in online spaces anymore instead moves formerly condemned in first year logic classes were in the ascendancy emad hominemsem failures of charitable interpretation begging the question confusion of sufficient conditions with necessary ones derivations of is from ought and all the rest any white male over the age of 40 with a permanent job and a modicum of selfawareness took the temperature of the times and slid away to the edges of the online world confining their robust discussion in public to impenetrable questions about panpsychism or metaphysical groundingp pin 2018 i wrote my own blogpost having noticed that it could be quite an effective medium for getting philosophers attention i wanted to suggest to them that there was a peculiar and undesirable silence in academic philosophy on the obvious problems around legal selfid in relation to the gender recognition act which at that point was being discussed furiously elsewhere in the uk as part of a government consultationp preader you probably already know the restp pstrongstrongp pto date to my knowledge neither the british philosophical association nor the society for women in philosophy have ever commented publicly on the circumstances of my resignation from my post at sussex university but in october 2021 at around the same time i was facing the prospect of men letting off flares at my campus workplace angry with me for holding views about the importance of naming biological sex they published a relnoopener hrefhttpsbpaacukwpcontentuploads2021112021bpaswipreportwomeninphilosophyintheukpdf target_blankanother report aon women in philosophy this one followed up on their original one after ten years and summarised what they thought had changed utterly predictably one of the things that had changed was that by now they werent talking about women anymorep pthis new report written by the original two authors pretends not to notice that the old one was aimed at improving the lot of females in philosophy it now says that the focus is gender and talks of woman and man as identities so making a nonsense of the idea that its aim is somehow continuous with that of the previous project a methodological note describes a newly included nonbinary gender category in the associated survey of philosophers but complains with regret that the number of nonbinary people recorded in the survey is probably inaccurate because departments have inadequate reporting processes for students to change the gender on their recordsp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202201howouruniversitiesbecamesheepfactoriesrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202201howouruniversitiesbecamesheepfactoriesrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022012gettyimages1248589049594x5941e1642095713679300x160gifadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202201howouruniversitiesbecamesheepfactoriesrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202201howouruniversitiesbecamesheepfactoriesrefinnarh5how our universities became sheep factoriesh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202201howouruniversitiesbecamesheepfactoriesrefinnarspanbyspan arif ahmedapdivadiv pthe report seamlessly adapts to the present cultural climate in other ways too though the notion of implicit bias is still hanging in there stereotype threat so heavily leaned on in 2011 is out with barely a mention and intersectional oppression is now in a mere 33 years after kimberl crenshaw first wrote about itp palso predictably the new report also declares that philosophy is unwelcoming to trans philosophers by philosophy they mean me and a handful of others still hanging in there within the university system argumentatively defending ageold culturally ubiquitous and still perfectly functional understandings of woman and man in terms of adult human female and adult human male to try to demonstrate their lurid assertion about the environment for trans people the authors link the reader to a relnoopener hrefhttpsphilpapersorgarchivedemccapdf target_blankan articlea in the journal emtransgender studies quarterlyem in which nonbinary author robin dembroff writesp blockquotepthe situation in philosophy is to be blunt a massive complex and thorny transgender trashfire this trashfire manifests most explicitly in the context of social media blogs interpersonal interactions and the occasional journal publication and it has serious repercussions to name one a number of highprofile court briefings opposing trans rights in both the united states and the united kingdom cite blog posts by philosophers such as kathleen stock as evidence that trans persons are dangerous and deludedpblockquote pnow as a matter of fact none of this is true and the footnote supplied by dembroff to supposedly demonstrate the truth of the last parenthesis doesnt even come close to doing so but the energy drains out of me when i think about seriously trying to get the reports authors or dembroff or anyone at all working in feminist philosophy in a university these days to correct the public record for i know by now that in their line of business stating the truth isnt remotely the pointp pemthis is adapted from a post originally published on kathleen stocks ema relnoopener hrefhttpskathleenstocksubstackcom target_blankemsubstackemaememp a hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthappcommentsview commentsa

pback graduate student nineties st andrews university leeds philosophy departments terrifying places seminar rooms felt like amphitheatresp pevery week ritual unfold senior research seminar visiting speaker university spend hour explaining details new theory ostentatiously bored listless audience grimacing faint applause brace knew followp ppreviously slouched comatoselooking figures audience ominously stir life hands shoot objections start frank accusations confusion questionbegging inconsistency contradiction stammering speaker defend best tenacious questioners follow original objections follow stopped speaker eventually muttered shaming words equivalent giveup signal judo ill think bit victory achieved questioner fall chair visibly satisfied postcoital degreep divdiv pthe speakers immediate ordeal dragged pub forcefed copious amounts alcohol probably awful restaurant colleagues particularly socially unaware lets face continue explaining precisely completely utterly wrong huge enthusiasm late nightp pwhen masters student st andrews stated aim faculty members humiliate visiting speakers win home department declared distinguished professor australia told years later woke night sweating reliving badly paper st andrews gone leeds phd couple wittgensteins original acolytes knocking apparently learnt feet master habit spread staff theatrically wrinkling striking forehead exaggeratedly contemptuous manner heard didnt like view visiting speaker wheel round sneeringly turn backs speaker hold heads handsp pfrankly places scared bejesus st andrews think spoke twice class second time scoffed teacher effectively didnt speak class leeds shake anxiety walking endless departmental corridor end time finally dared hand ask question research seminar thought having heart attack loudly heart banging chestp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022032gettyimages1370803167scaled1300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarh5do need trans olympicsh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarspanbyspan ayaan hirsi aliapdivadiv pmost places like academic philosophers nearly men eccentric obsessive grumpy men minds like steel traps philosophy departments places derision incredulity scorn manifested daily basis attempt hide itp pyou probably expect terrible actually wonder wasnt best possible worlds comparison came nextp pstrongstrongp pin 2011 report came circulated widely uk philosophy departments joint initiative british philosophical association bpa society women philosophy swip entitled relnoopener hrefhttpsbpaacukwpcontentuploads201811bpa_report_women_in_philosophypdf target_blankwomen philosophy uka aim present new survey indicating womens relatively low participation higher echelons philosophy profession despite large numbers undergraduate level time swip organisation cared partly selfinterested reasons naturally assuming represented given membership female sex later senior involved mentoring schemes women early career stagesp pthis report enthusiastically leaned fashionable theories buzzwords time hypothesising main causes womens diminishing engagement philosophy time mens implicit bias women womens experience stereotype threat effects early educational influences economic structural influences ultimately motherhood possible sexbased difference populationsthe salient point reports conclusions women deterred postgraduate degrees jobs philosophy male aggression arguments instance report notedp blockquotepone piece stereotypically male behaviour aggressive style argument seminar room include example displaying hostility words tone voice body language speaker audience class discussion member thinks failed grasp point adequately address objection pursuing point past stage obvious speaker adequate responsepblockquote psince stereotype threat implicit bias thought difficult eradicate arguably turned probably relnoopener hrefhttpswwwpsypostorg201810studyfailstofindanyevidenceofstereotypethreatimpairingwomenscognitivecontrolandmathability52334 target_blankdonta relnoopener hrefhttpsqzcom1144504theworldisrelyingonaflawedpsychologicaltesttofightracism target_blankexista robustly evidenced phenomena far easiestlooking response report try philosophical discussions intimidating project taken seriously colleagues country including philosophy departments started advertise websites abided bpaswips new relnoopener hrefhttpsbpaacukwpcontentuploads201811allgpdocspdf target_blankgood practice guidea 2018 relnoopener hrefhttpsbpaacukwpcontentuploads202108goodpracticeschemeimpactreport2018pdf target_blankstudy impact schemea able report thatas result seminar policies universities reported atmosphere constructive aggressivep diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203thefictionalworldoftransactivismrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202203thefictionalworldoftransactivismrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022032gettyimages1325609608scalede1647889456206300x174jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203thefictionalworldoftransactivismrefinnarspanmore authorspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203thefictionalworldoftransactivismrefinnarh5the fictional world trans activismh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203thefictionalworldoftransactivismrefinnarspanbyspan kathleen stockapdivadiv pbased experience giving attending talks country attest change social norms philosophy seminar room period fuelled partly influence report increasing numbers north americans getting jobs uk universities bringing cultural norms academia arguably linked bpaswip reports main authors americanp pthe obvious manifestation change younger british members departments started talking like fake yanks implausible degree positivity talks norm terminally morose relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbbccouknewsmagazine28708526 target_blankupward inflectiona commonplace intensifier super implied exclamation mark unfeasibly perky demeanour ostentatious expressions folksy informality common audience members started shudder embringing knitting talksem speakers guise flattening hierarchies acquaintance powerful figures profession discussing work casual firstname basis heres crispin thinks higher order vaguenessp pduring question periods noticeable shift elaborate rules announced chair beginning question period better try control unruly audience members junior minority scholars prioritised ask questions hand raised main question finger subsidiary followup hands emabsolutely notem smuggled fingers typical interaction chair questioner chair finger hand questioner definitely finger reader hardly fingerp pit common audience members start thanking speakers fulsomely talk offer banal unfocused lines questioning interested hear x talk little audience members inwardly emplease god noem instead trying eviscerate speaker devastating question new tendency try constructive collaborative ones approach identifying emwrongem speakers argument emrightem generally ostentatious expressions civility went standards inquiry dropped questioner longer grasped form argument ask acceptable questionp punlike authors bpaswip report im convinced originally dominant argumentative style philosophy departments particularly testosteronefuelled males certainly principal authors werent beating fact outside seminar room found male philosophers fairly passive confrontationaverse presumably partly explains proved supine comes rejecting fashionable gender metaphysicsp pwhatever truth origins demise old approach meant aggression knocking numbers phds disgorged philosophy job market year increased number jobs available decreased competition philosophers high intense usual aggression expressed somewhat contained combative rituals seminar room sought new outlets found internetp pstrongstrongp pthough sensible academics tend eschew social media altogether facebook favourite platform spend lots downtime scrolling commenting working day antisocial philosophers usually able build large numbers facebook friends basis shared acquaintances closeknit profession includes lots graduate students postdocsp paround time bpaswip report published popularity facebook platform taking senior philosophers realised provided means build secure little fiefdoms private given large numbers colleagues students looking public years high fumes relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20130803artscolinmcginnphilosophertoleavehisposthtml target_blankmedia attentiona given high profile sex scandals profession people furiously cementing narrative philosophy terribly dangerous threatening place women minorities toop pnow academic philosophy truly terrible place minorities question clear people wanted believe particular stories harassment prejudice individuals emerged online seized emobviouslyem indicative happening particular minority scale profession accompanied heartfelt exhortations listen minority members functionally interchangeable narrative like needs heroes villains clear storyline lot sneering white males ideological enemies emotional blackmailing presumed weaklings recanting public opinions ingroup didnt likep diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111kathleenstockiwontbesilencedrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202111kathleenstockiwontbesilencedrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202111kathleen4e1636027060258300x146jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202111kathleenstockiwontbesilencedrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111kathleenstockiwontbesilencedrefinnarh5kathleen stock wont silencedh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202111kathleenstockiwontbesilencedrefinnarspanbyspan julie bindelapdivadiv pas figures virtuesignalled gatekept generally queenbeed virtual spaces consolidated power example set younger onlookers desperately hungry profession permanently standing relatively little chance given paucity jobs high number competitors told selfaggrandising bullying acceptable philosophy profession long social justice told drawing attention presumed victimhood good careers likely draw approval powerful othersp pone website early career researchers started called philosophers cocoon helpfully indicating professions new favoured approach roughly speaking approach goes tell junior researchers particular identity group world academic philosophy particularly harsh isolate evidence disconfirm explain differently uplift narrative apparently supports reward ensuing expressions anxiety ostentatious cosseting soothing patting love god continuing flow student fees cheap labour dont mention philosophy postgrads glorious butterfly stage cocoon arent academic jobs roundp psoon ambitious youngsters able tolerate obviously infantilising element got hang new game selfpublished blogposts comments open letters pleading profession readily sort public victim sensed elders like seep paround time lots facebook groups dedicated blogs sprang support particular identity groups philosophy dynamics online spaces sociologically fascinating witness silent member group academic mamas philosophy parent group gruesome behemoth academic mamas grin remember implicit hierarchies barely suppressed rivalries moralised hyperbole passiveaggressive spats exactly having emotional labour educating linguistic transgressions remember offthecharts humblebragging hey mamas wanted views hour week screen time supervised course excessive sevenyearold kiddo hook cool educational websites ruefully lift gaze computer wink children mainlining penguin biscuits watching emcars 2em loop 14th time dayp pbut main point 2017 junior philosopher rebecca tuvel published article journal emhypatiaem arguing transwomen women transracial people like rachel dolezal black groundwork relnoopener hrefhttpsenwikipediaorgwikihypatia_transracialism_controversy target_blankdebacle carnivalesque proportionsa prepared tuvel earnestly treating argument emmodus ponensem ie premises transwomen true conclusion transracialism dolezal true obvious readers equally argument work emmodus tollensem ie conclusion transracialism dolezal obviously false wrong premise transwom oh shit help look therep pthe resulting attempts distract inconvenient implication involved mass denunciation facebook pages blogs widespread public huffing failure engage scholarship trans people emandem philosophers colour relnoopener hrefhttpsdocsgooglecomformsd1efp9c0mhch_6kfgtlm0pz76nirwtcesqwhcvgidl2muviewformts59066d20edit_requestedtrue target_blankcomically pompous open lettera alleging tuvels incompetence researcher signed big names feminist philosophy gender studies craven public apology emhypatiaems associate editors having published article place followedp pthe outcome predictably fear wanted tuvel especially younger precarious members profession established ones didnt feel like traditional means defending position arguments wasnt fashionable online spaces anymore instead moves condemned year logic classes ascendancy emad hominemsem failures charitable interpretation begging question confusion sufficient conditions necessary ones derivations ought rest white male age 40 permanent job modicum selfawareness took temperature times slid away edges online world confining robust discussion public impenetrable questions panpsychism metaphysical groundingp pin 2018 wrote blogpost having noticed effective medium getting philosophers attention wanted suggest peculiar undesirable silence academic philosophy obvious problems legal selfid relation gender recognition act point discussed furiously uk government consultationp preader probably know restp pstrongstrongp pto date knowledge british philosophical association society women philosophy commented publicly circumstances resignation post sussex university october 2021 time facing prospect men letting flares campus workplace angry holding views importance naming biological sex published relnoopener hrefhttpsbpaacukwpcontentuploads2021112021bpaswipreportwomeninphilosophyintheukpdf target_blankanother report aon women philosophy followed original years summarised thought changedutterly predictably things changed werent talking women anymorep pthis new report written original authors pretends notice old aimed improving lot females philosophy says focus gender talks woman man identities making nonsense idea aim continuous previous project methodological note describes newly included nonbinary gender category associated survey philosophers complains regret number nonbinary people recorded survey probably inaccurate departments inadequate reporting processes students change gender recordsp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202201howouruniversitiesbecamesheepfactoriesrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202201howouruniversitiesbecamesheepfactoriesrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022012gettyimages1248589049594x5941e1642095713679300x160gifadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202201howouruniversitiesbecamesheepfactoriesrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202201howouruniversitiesbecamesheepfactoriesrefinnarh5how universities sheep factoriesh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202201howouruniversitiesbecamesheepfactoriesrefinnarspanbyspan arif ahmedapdivadiv pthe report seamlessly adapts present cultural climate ways notion implicit bias hanging stereotype threat heavily leaned 2011 barely mention intersectional oppression mere 33 years kimberl crenshaw wrote itp palso predictably new report declares philosophy unwelcoming trans philosophers philosophy mean handful hanging university system argumentatively defending ageold culturally ubiquitous perfectly functional understandings woman man terms adult human female adult human male try demonstrate lurid assertion environment trans people authors link reader relnoopener hrefhttpsphilpapersorgarchivedemccapdf target_blankan articlea journal emtransgender studies quarterlyem nonbinary author robin dembroff writesp blockquotepthe situation philosophy blunt massive complex thorny transgender trashfire trashfire manifests explicitly context social media blogs interpersonal interactions occasional journal publication repercussions number highprofile court briefings opposing trans rights united states united kingdom cite blog posts philosophers kathleen stock evidence trans persons dangerous deludedpblockquote pnow matter fact true footnote supplied dembroff supposedly demonstrate truth parenthesis doesnt come close energy drains think seriously trying reports authors dembroff working feminist philosophy university days correct public record know line business stating truth isnt remotely pointp pemthis adapted post originally published kathleen stocksema relnoopener hrefhttpskathleenstocksubstackcom target_blankemsubstackemaememp hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthappcommentsview commentsa

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Elon Musk Buys 9.2% of Twitter, Mysteriously Polls Users About State of Free Speech

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive3750252400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive3750251200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive3750252400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive3750251200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altdpaphotosfive375025 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025800x450jpg height675 picture div ptoday news surfaced via a a hrefhttpsd18rn0p25nwr6dcloudfrontnetcik0001418091f66f56c1eb5243f8a7ff992dc80a7396pdfregulatory filinga that tesla ceo elon musk had recently become twitters largest a hrefhttpswwwthevergecom20224423009622elonmusktwittersharesfreespeechshareholdera buying a 92 percent stake in the company as of march 14 worth about 3 billion at the time of purchase this tracks with cryptic tweets he sent a little more than a week later gauging users sense of the companys commitment to free speechp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrthe consequences of this poll will be important please vote carefullyp p elon musk elonmusk a hrefhttpstwittercomelonmuskstatus1507272763597373461ref_srctwsrc5etfwmarch 25 2022apblockquote pp pits not clear at present what type of involvement musk will have in twitters decision making processes or whether he will be asked to join the companys board twitters former ceo and cofounder jack dorsey will be leaving the board next monthp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrgiven that twitter serves as the de facto public town square failing to adhere to free speech principles fundamentally undermines democracy p pwhat should be done a hrefhttpstcoaps9ycji37httpstcoaps9ycji37ap p elon musk elonmusk a hrefhttpstwittercomelonmuskstatus1507777261654605828ref_srctwsrc5etfwmarch 26 2022apblockquote pp pfor free speech supporters who have panned twitters content moderation practices like a hrefhttpsblogtwittercomen_ustopicscompany2020suspensionremovinga former president donald trump from the platform following the january 6 capitol riots and suppressing sharing of theem new york postems accurately reported story on hunter bidens a hrefhttpsnypostcom20220401newyorktimesfinallyadmithunterslaptopisrealbutonlytoprotectjoebidenlaptopasome of which a hrefhttpsnypostcom20210325dorseysaysblockingpostshunterbidenstorywastotalmistakedorsey has admitteda were errorsmusks possibly greater involvement is a welcome change musk has long considered starting an opensource social media platform to serve as a rival to twitter todays news indicates his interest in fixing whats already there or his interest in performance art or in a hrefhttpswwwcnbccom20220404twittersharessoarmorethan25percentafterelonmusktakes9percentstakeinsocialmediacompanyhtmlmaking moneya and sending stock prices soaring with his every movep pquottwitter is particularly vulnerable to outside pressure because unlike google facebook amazon and snap the companys founders dont have special voting control over its futurequot a hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20220404musktakes92stakeintwitterafterquestioningplatformcmpidsocialflowtwitterbusinessutm_campaignsocialfloworganicutm_contentbusinessutm_mediumsocialutm_sourcetwitterreporta giles turner and craig trudell at embloombergem but quotthe type of form used [in the securities and exchange commission filing] often indicates the investor isnt seeking to acquire control of a company or to influence who controls itquot musk has taken a passive stake in the company though that could change in the futurep pquoti dont think we should be the arbiters of truthquot a hrefhttpswwwpiratewirescompjackbenimblejackbequicksrsaida dorsey in response to a farcical march 2021 congressional hearing in which members of congress hectored tech ceos about how illdefined misinformation spreads on their platforms quotand i dont think the government should be eitherquot from everything musk has said publicly it appears he aligns with dorseys ethos it remains to be seen whether musk will exercise his newfound influence for good or maintain a more understated behindthescenes presence at twitter while continuing to a hrefhttpswwwhitccomengb20220315elonmuskisupportthecurrentthingroil normiesa with memes of coursep pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220404elonmuskbuys92oftwittermysteriouslypollsusersaboutstateoffreespeechelon musk buys 92 of twitter mysteriously polls users about state of free speecha appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive3750252400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive3750251200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive3750252400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive3750251200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altdpaphotosfive375025 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dpaphotosfive375025800x450jpg height675 picture div ptoday news surfaced hrefhttpsd18rn0p25nwr6dcloudfrontnetcik0001418091f66f56c1eb5243f8a7ff992dc80a7396pdfregulatory filinga tesla ceo elon musk recently twitters largest hrefhttpswwwthevergecom20224423009622elonmusktwittersharesfreespeechshareholdera buying 92 percent stake company march 14 worth 3 billion time purchase tracks cryptic tweets sent little week later gauging users sense companys commitment free speechp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrthe consequences poll important vote carefullyp p elon musk elonmusk hrefhttpstwittercomelonmuskstatus1507272763597373461ref_srctwsrc5etfwmarch 25 2022apblockquote pp pits clear present type involvement musk twitters decision making processes asked join companys board twitters ceo cofounder jack dorsey leaving board monthp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrgiven twitter serves de facto public town square failing adhere free speech principles fundamentally undermines democracy p pwhat hrefhttpstcoaps9ycji37httpstcoaps9ycji37ap p elon musk elonmusk hrefhttpstwittercomelonmuskstatus1507777261654605828ref_srctwsrc5etfwmarch 26 2022apblockquote pp pfor free speech supporters panned twitters content moderation practices like hrefhttpsblogtwittercomen_ustopicscompany2020suspensionremovinga president donald trump platform following january 6 capitol riots suppressing sharing theemnew york postems accurately reported story hunter bidens hrefhttpsnypostcom20220401newyorktimesfinallyadmithunterslaptopisrealbutonlytoprotectjoebidenlaptopasome hrefhttpsnypostcom20210325dorseysaysblockingpostshunterbidenstorywastotalmistakedorsey admitteda errorsmusks possibly greater involvement welcome change musk long considered starting opensource social media platform serve rival twitter todays news indicates interest fixing whats interest performance art hrefhttpswwwcnbccom20220404twittersharessoarmorethan25percentafterelonmusktakes9percentstakeinsocialmediacompanyhtmlmaking moneya sending stock prices soaring movep pquottwitter particularly vulnerable outside pressure unlike google facebook amazon snap companys founders dont special voting control futurequot hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20220404musktakes92stakeintwitterafterquestioningplatformcmpidsocialflowtwitterbusinessutm_campaignsocialfloworganicutm_contentbusinessutm_mediumsocialutm_sourcetwitterreporta giles turner craig trudell atembloombergem quotthe type form [in securities exchange commission filing] indicates investor isnt seeking acquire control company influence controls itquot musk taken passive stake company change futurep pquoti dont think arbiters truthquot hrefhttpswwwpiratewirescompjackbenimblejackbequicksrsaida dorsey response farcical march 2021 congressional hearing members congress hectored tech ceos illdefined misinformation spreads platforms quotand dont think government eitherquot musk said publicly appears aligns dorseys ethos remains seen musk exercise newfound influence good maintain understated behindthescenes presence twitter continuing hrefhttpswwwhitccomengb20220315elonmuskisupportthecurrentthingroil normiesa memes coursep pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220404elonmuskbuys92oftwittermysteriouslypollsusersaboutstateoffreespeechelon musk buys 92 twitter mysteriously polls users state free speecha appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

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The Meaning of Ukraine’s Coming Neutrality

history offers clear examples of what neutral status meansand what it doesnt

history offers clear examples neutral status meansand doesnt

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Do founders outperform at venture capital? - Marginal REVOLUTION

pin a nutshell yesp blockquotepin this paper we explore whether or not the experience as a founder of a venture capitalbacked startup influences the performance of founders who become venture capitalists vcs we find that nearly 7 of vcs were previously founders of a venturebacked startup having a successful exit and being male and white increase the probability that a founder transitions into a venture capital career successful foundervcs have investment success rates that are 65 percentage points higher than professional vcs while unsuccessful foundervcs have investment success rates that are 4 percentage points lower than professional vcs while successful foundervcs do get higher quality deal flow than professional or unsuccessful foundervcs observably higher deal quality does not explain the entire difference in performance using an instrumental variables approach to separate unobservable deal quality from valueadd we find that the outperformance of successful foundervcs is consistent with them adding more value postinvestmentpblockquote pthat is from a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnberorgpapersw29907fromrss target_blanka new nber working papera by paul a gompers and vladimir mukharlyamovp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204dofoundersoutperformatventurecapitalhtmldo founders outperform at venture capitala appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pin nutshell yesp blockquotepin paper explore experience founder venture capitalbacked startup influences performance founders venture capitalists vcs find nearly 7 vcs previously founders venturebacked startup having successful exit male white increase probability founder transitions venture capital career successful foundervcs investment success rates 65 percentage points higher professional vcs unsuccessful foundervcs investment success rates 4 percentage points lower professional vcs successful foundervcs higher quality deal flow professional unsuccessful foundervcs observably higher deal quality explain entire difference performance instrumental variables approach separate unobservable deal quality valueadd find outperformance successful foundervcs consistent adding value postinvestmentpblockquote pthat relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnberorgpapersw29907fromrss target_blanka new nber working papera paul gompers vladimir mukharlyamovp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204dofoundersoutperformatventurecapitalhtmldo founders outperform venture capitala appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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Ukraine’s War Has Already Changed the World’s Economy

global economics will never be the samebut not in the ways you might think

global economics samebut ways think

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Why is the U.S. inflation rate especially high? - Marginal REVOLUTION

blockquotephowever since the first half of 2021 us inflation has increasingly outpaced inflation in other developed countries estimates suggest that fiscal support measures designed to counteract the severity of the pandemics economic effect may have contributed to this divergence by raising inflation about 3 percentage points by the end of 2021pblockquote pthat is from a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwfrbsforgeconomicresearchpublicationseconomicletter2022marchwhyisusinflationhigherthaninothercountries target_blanka recent san francisco fed piecea by scar jord celeste liu fernanda nechio and fabin riverareyesp pi recall not so long ago when the overwhelming majority of democraticleaning economists on twitter and elsewhere strongly favored the additional 2 trillion in stimulus  in the campaign it was a kind of electorally defining policy of the biden administration  i also recall that larry summers explained in very clear terms why this was the wrong policy and hardly anyone listened  progressive catnip is the phrase i use to describe such policy options  it involved stimulus sending people money and it boosted demand all popular catchphrases of the moment  it was seen as part of a broader push simply to be sending people money all the timep pthis has to count as one of the biggest economic policy failures of recent times and we still are not taking seriously that it happened and what that implies for our collective epistemic capabilities moving forwardp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204whyistheusinflationrateespeciallyhighhtmlwhy is the us inflation rate especially higha appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

blockquotephowever half 2021 inflation increasingly outpaced inflation developed countries estimates suggest fiscal support measures designed counteract severity pandemics economic effect contributed divergence raising inflation 3 percentage points end 2021pblockquote pthat relnoopener hrefhttpswwwfrbsforgeconomicresearchpublicationseconomicletter2022marchwhyisusinflationhigherthaninothercountries target_blanka recent san francisco fed piecea scar jord celeste liu fernanda nechio fabin riverareyesp pi recall long ago overwhelming majority democraticleaning economists twitter strongly favored additional 2 trillion stimulus campaign kind electorally defining policy biden administration recall larry summers explained clear terms wrong policy hardly listened progressive catnip phrase use describe policy options involved stimulus sending people money boosted demand popular catchphrases moment seen broader push simply sending people money timep pthis count biggest economic policy failures recent times taking seriously happened implies collective epistemic capabilities moving forwardp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204whyistheusinflationrateespeciallyhighhtmlwhy inflation rate especially higha appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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US Policy Toward Russia Is Blocking Paths to De-escalation in Ukraine

prussias war in ukraine is producing an earthquake in international affairs the war has raised new questions about national security across europe and is a hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesaseuropeturnsawayfromrussianoilgasexportersglobalcloutisincreasingshaking up energy geopoliticsa in addition the war seems to be creating new divisions between the global north and the global south while russia and china strengthen their strategic relationshipp pin the interview that follows worldrenowned scholar and leading dissident noam chomsky addresses some of the new developments taking place in the world system on account of russias assault on ukraine chomsky also ponders the question of whether vladimir putin can be prosecuted for war crimes in light of the mounting evidence that brings to mind the atrocities committed by the nazis during world war ii a hrefhttpswwwbusinessinsidercomvideoappearstoshowukrainiansoldiersexecutingcapturedrussiansoldiernyt20224recent evidencea also indicates that ukrainian forces have also engaged in war crimes by killing captured russian soldiersp pchomsky who is internationally recognized as one of the most important intellectuals alive is the author of some 150 books and the recipient of scores of highly prestigious awards including the sydney peace prize and the kyoto prize japans equivalent of the nobel prize and of dozens of honorary doctorate degrees from the worlds most renowned universities chomsky is institute professor emeritus at mit and currently laureate professor at the university of arizonap pstrongc j polychroniou the war in ukraine has turned russia into a pariah state throughout europe and north america but moscow continues to receive support from many countries in the global south the strategic relationship between russia and china seems to be getting stronger although both countries had identified each other as major factors for maintaining order and stability in an emerging polycentric world long before putin and xi jinping in fact russian foreign minister sergey lavrov said following a recent meeting with his chinese counterpart that the two countries are working together to advance a vision of a new world order a new democratic world order is the new world order one that pits global north and global south countries against each other and what do you make of the statement of russia and china working together to promote a new democratic world order to me the idea of two autocratic states working together to promote democracy across the world sounds like a crude jokestrongp pstrongnoam chomsky strongthe idea that russia and china will be working together to promote a democratic world order is of course ludicrous they will be doing so in much the way that the us was laboring to promote democracy in iraq the goal of the invasion as president bush announced when it became clear that the single question emwill saddam abandon his nuclear weapons programem had been answered the wrong way with rare exceptions the intellectual class and even most scholarship leaped to attention and vigorously proclaimed the new doctrine as i suppose is also the case today in russia and chinap pas usrun polls showed americans enthralled by the noble goals belatedly proclaimed were even joined by some iraqis a hrefhttpswwwmiddleeasteyenetopinioniraqukrainewoundslivingnightmare1 percent of those polleda four percent thought the us invaded in order to help iraqis the rest concluded that if iraqs exports had been asparagus and pickles and the center of global petroleum production was in the south pacific the us wouldnt have invadedp pi dont pretend to have any expert knowledge but from my own experience in past weeks with the global south press many interviews and meetings much personal discussion it doesnt seem to me quite accurate to say that it is supporting moscow except in the sense that moscow is getting support from the western powers that keep paying it for petroleum products and food probably by now the source of russias main export earnings p pmy impression is that the global south has sharply condemned the russian invasion but has asked whats new the general reaction to president bidens harsh condemnation of putin as a war criminal seems to be something like this emit takes one to know oneem we agree that he is a war criminal and as creatures of the enlightenment we adopt the kantian principle of universality that is dismissed with contempt by the west sometimes with angry charges of whataboutismp asidewesterners consumed with moral outrage over the crimes of enemies are still able to maintain their usual silence while their own leaders carry out terrible crimes right nowaside pit is after all not easy for people in the civilized world increasingly the global south to be impressed by the moral outrage of western intellectuals who just a few years ago when all the horrific facts were in were enthusiastically applauding the success of the invasion of iraq a hrefhttpswwwanneapplebaumcom20100830itstoosoontotellhowtheiraqwarwentspouting pietiesa about noble intentions that would have embarrassed the most abject apparatchik and we can just imagine the reaction when they read the pious a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220406opinionwarcrimesukraineputinhtmlinvocation of the nuremberg judgmenta by the editors of emtheem emnew york timesem who are just now coming to recognize that to initiate a war of aggression therefore is not only an international crime it is the supreme international crime differing only from other war crimes in that it contains within itself the accumulated evil of the whole the accumulated evil includes the instigation of ethnic conflict that has torn apart not only iraq but the whole region the horrors of isis and much morep pnot of course what the editors have in mind the supreme international crimes that they have supported for 60 years somehow escaped the nuremberg judgmentp pwhile there is appreciation in the global south for the fact that at long last western intellectuals and the political class are coming to perceive that aggressors can commit hideous crimes they seem to feel that it is perhaps a little late and curiously skewed as they know from ample experience they are also able to perceive that westerners consumed with moral outrage over the crimes of enemies are still able to maintain their usual silence while their own leaders carry out terrible crimes right now in afghanistan yemen palestine western sahara and all too many other places where they could act at once and expeditiously to mitigate or end these crimesp plets turn to the strategic relationship between russia and china it does indeed seem to be strengthening though it is not much of a partnership the corrupt russian kleptocracy can provide raw materials and advanced weapons to the economic system that beijing is systematically establishing through mainland asia reaching also to africa and the middle east and by now even to us domains in latin america but not much more russias role in this highly unequal relationship is i think likely to diminish further much as europes international role is likely to diminish after putin has handed europe on a golden platter to the usrun atlanticist system a gift of substantial significance as a hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticleschomskyuspushtoreignsupremestokestheukraineconflictweve discussed beforeap pstrongcan china help end the war in ukraine if yes whats stopping beijing from using its influence over moscow for a peace agreement to be reached in ukrainestrongp pchina could act to advance the prospects for a peaceful negotiated settlement in ukraine it seems that the chinese leadership sees no advantage in doing sop pchinas information system appears to be pretty much a hrefhttpswwwaljazeeracomnews202246chinamediacoverageukrainewarconforminga to the russian propaganda line but more generally it doesnt seem to diverge much from a fairly common stance in the global south illustrated graphically by the a hrefhttpsgraphicsreuterscomukrainecrisissanctionsbyvrjenzmvesanctions mapa the states joining in sanctions against russia are in the anglosphere and europe as well as japan taiwan and south korea the rest of the world condemns the invasion but is mostly standing aloofp pthis should not surprise us it is nothing new we recall well that the iraq invasion had virtually no global support less familiar is the fact that the same was true of the us invasion of afghanistan after 911 a few weeks after the invasion an international a hrefhttpsnewsgallupcomtopicterrorismaspxgallupa poll asked the question once the identity of the [911] terrorists is known should the american government launch a military attack on the country or countries where the terrorists are based or should the american government seek to extradite the terrorists to stand trialp pthe wording reflects the fact that their identity was not known even eight months later in his first major press conference fbi director robert mueller could only affirm that alqaeda was suspected of the crime if the poll had asked about actual us policy the very limited support would doubtless have been even lowerp pworld opinion overwhelmingly favored diplomaticjudicial measures over military action opposition to invasion was particularly strong in latin america which has a little experience with us interventionp pthe free press spared americans knowledge of international opinion it was therefore able to a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20020824opiniontheloyaloppositionhtmlproclaima that the opposition [to the us invasion] was mostly limited to the people who are reflexively against the american use of powerp pquite a few suffer from this malady apparently global opinion today should come as no great surprisep pchinas unwillingness to devote its efforts to a negotiated settlement of the ukraine conflict deserves criticism but it is hard to see how such criticism can properly come from americans after all china is adhering to official us policy simply put the policy is to fight to the last ukrainian for ukrainian independence while offering no way to save ukraine from further tragedy even worse current policy undermines such hopes by informing putin that he has no way out its the hague or proceed to destroy ukrainep pthe quote and the opinions just paraphrased are those of one of the most astute and widely respected us diplomats a hrefhttpsthegrayzonecom20220324usfightingrussiatothelastukrainianveteranusdiplomatambassador chas freemana who goes on to spell out the options and to remind us of the historyp plike anyone who cares in the least about the fate of ukrainians ambassador freeman recognizes that the only alternative to russian destruction of ukraine which with their backs to the wall putin and his narrow circle of a hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancomworld2022feb04putinsecurityelitesilovikirussiasemilovikiema can implement is a negotiated settlement that will be ugly offering the aggressors an escape he also carries the history back further than we have done in our earlier discussions back to the congress of vienna of 1814 which followed the napoleonic wars metternich and other european leaders he observes had the good sense to reincorporate [defeated] france into the governing councils of europe overlooking its virtual conquest of europe that led to a century of substantial peace in europe which had long been the most violent part of the world there were some wars but nothing like what preceded the century of peace ended with world war ip pfreeman goes on to remind us that the victors in the war did not have the good sense of their predecessors the victors the united states and britain and france insisted on excluding germany from a role in the affairs of europe as well as this newly formed soviet union the result was world war ii and the cold warp pas weve discussed earlier a leading theme throughout the cold war was the status of europe should it subordinate itself to the us within the atlanticistnato framework the us preference or should it become an independent third force along gaullist lines accommodating russia within a europe without military alliances from the atlantic to the uralsp pthe question arose starkly when the ussr collapsed and mikhail gorbachev outlined the vision of a common european home with no military alliances from lisbon to vladivostok in a limited form the concept was revived by french president emmanuel macron in his recent abortive interchanges with putinp pif there had been anyone in the kremlin who resembled a statesman they would have leaped at the opportunity to explore something like the gorbachev vision europe has strong reasons to establish close relations with russia ranging from commerce to security whether such efforts might have succeeded avoiding the ukraine tragedy we can only guess the answer could only have been found out by trying instead the hard men in moscow turned to violence compounding their criminal aggression with selfdefeating foolishnessp pthe gorbachev conception had some partial us support within the framework of the partnership for peace a us initiative intended to provide a cooperative security system with a limited relation to nato ambassador freeman who had a significant role in establishing it describes its fate in words that are worth heedingp blockquote pwhat happened in 1994 which was a midterm election year and 1996 which was a presidential election year was interesting in 1994 mr clinton was talking out of both sides of his mouth he was telling the russians that we were in no rush to add members to nato and that our preferred path was the partnership for peace the same time he was hinting to the ethnic diasporas of russophobic countries in eastern europe and by the way its easy to understand their russophobia given their history that no no we were going to get these countries into nato as fast as possible and in 1996 he made that pledge explicit [in] 1994 he got an outburst from [boris] yeltsin who was then the president of the russian federation [in] 1996 he got another one and as time went on when mr putin came in he regularly protested the enlargement of nato in ways that disregarded russias selfdefense interests so there should have been no surprise about this for 28 years russia has been warning that at some point it would snap and it has and it has done it in a very destructive way both in terms of its own interests and in terms of the broader prospects for peace in europep blockquote pnone of this provides any excuse for putins invasion freeman emphasizes but it is important to understand that there were those people in the united states who were triumphalist about the end of the cold war this allowed the united states to incorporate all the countries right up to russias borders and beyond them beyond those borders in the baltics into an american sphere of influence and essentially they posited a global sphere of influence for the united states modeled on the monroe doctrine and thats pretty much what we havep prussian leadership tolerated clintons violation of the firm us commitment to gorbachev not to extend nato beyond east germany they even tolerated george w bushs further provocations and us military actions that struck directly at russian interests undertaken in such a way as to humiliate russia but ukraine and georgia were red lines that was clearly understood in washington as freeman continues no russian leader was likely to tolerate the nato expansion into ukraine that began after the 2014 coup [carried out] to prevent neutrality or a prorussian government in kiev and to replace it with a proamerican government that would bring ukraine into our sphere so since about 2015 the united states has been arming training ukrainians against russia effectively treating ukraine as an extension of natop pas a hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticleschomskyletsfocusonpreventingnuclearwarratherthandebatingjustwarweve discusseda that stance became explicit policy in bidens september 2021 a hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroomstatementsreleases20210901jointstatementontheusukrainestrategicpartnershipofficial statementa possibly a factor in russias decision to escalate to direct aggression a few months laterp pcrucially to repeat current us policy is to fight to the last ukrainian while offering no way to save ukraine from further tragedy and in fact undermining such hopes by informing putin that he has no way out its the hague or proceed to destroy ukrainep pchina is probably relatively satisfied with the course of events very likely the same is true in washington both have gained from the tragedy and the euphoria among weapons and fossil fuel producers is unconcealed as they lead the way toward indescribable catastrophe underscored in vivid terms by the intergovernmental panel on climate change a hrefhttpswwwipccch20220404ipccar6wgiiipressreleasereporta of april 4p pstrongturkeys position over the war in ukraine is to maintain neutrality while acting as a mediator in the russianukrainian crisis can turkey continue to maintain such a balancing act since we know that it has been supplying military assistance to ukraine since 2019 and that it is aligned with the geostrategic vision of washington over ukrainestrongp pturkey has had an ambiguous position in global affairs for many years it is a member of nato but the eu has rejected its appeals for membership on human rights grounds in the 1990s turkey was indeed responsible for hideous crimes its massive state terror against its kurdish population leaving tens of thousands dead 3500 towns and villages destroyed a flood of hundreds of thousands of people from the devastated kurdish regions to miserable slums in istanbul the crimes were mostly concealed by the free press perhaps because clinton was pouring arms into turkey the flow escalating as atrocities mounted turkey became the leading recipient of us military aid apart from israelegypt a separate category extending a very close correlation between human rights abuses and us aid that goes far back but somehow does not detract from its muchlauded nobilityp pby 2000 turkish state crimes were abating and in the following years the situation greatly improved something i was able to witness personally with much appreciation by 2005 under president recep erdoans increasingly harsh rule the progress ended and reversed that might have been in part a reaction to the continued refusal of the european union to accept turkish membership ignoring the great steps forward in recent years and fortifying the sense that europeans simply wont accept turks into their clubp psince then erdoans rule has become far more brutal again targeting kurds but also attacking civil and human rights on a broad front and he has been trying to turn turkey into a major actor in regional affairs with hints of a renewed ottoman caliphate he accepts russian weapons over strong us objections but remains a central part of the nato system of regional by now global dominance the balancing act with regard to ukraine is a case in pointp pif turkey can facilitate negotiations that will bring the ukraine horrors to an end that will be a most welcome development to be applauded we can only speculate about what the chances are while the us insists on perpetuating the conflict to the last ukrainian while blocking an ugly negotiated settlement that is the alternative to destruction of ukraine and perhaps even nuclear warp pstrongrussian gas continues to flow to europe although putin had demanded that european governments pay for it in rubles what would be the impact in the geostrategic relations between europe and russia if the former became independent from russian gas strongp pit doesnt look likely in the near future europe could manage to end the use of russian coal and oil but gas is a different matter that requires pipelines which it would take years to build or transport facilities for liquified natural gas that barely exist but the question we should be asking i think is different can we ascend to the wisdom of the reactionary tyrants who provided europe with a century of peace in vienna in 1814 can we move towards the gorbachev vision of a european common home with no military alliances a conception not too far from the usinitiated partnership for peace that was undermined by president clinton can some resemblance to statesmanship appear in todays russia such questions as these should i think be in the forefront of our thinking and our active engagement in trying to influence discussion and debate and policy choicesp pstrongevidence of russian war crimes is mounting can putin be prosecuted for war crimes in ukrainestrongp pprosecution for war crimes in the real world is victors justice that was clear from the nuremberg tribunal and was not even concealed in the accompanying tokyo tribunal at nuremberg saturation bombing of densely settled urban areas was excluded because it was a specialty of the allies german war criminals were exculpated if they could show that the allies carried out the same crimes in subsequent years the nuremberg principles were thrown out the window they have only recently been discovered as a cudgel to beat official enemiesp pthere can be no thought of trying the us for its many horrendous crimes an effort was once made to bring the us to justice for its war against nicaragua the us responded to the international court of justice orders to end the crimes by sharply escalating them while the press dismissed the court as a hostile forum as shown by its daring to convict the us per emtheem emnew york timesems editors following ample precedentp pputin might be tried for crimes if he is overthrown within russia and russia can be treated as a defeated country that is what the record indicatesp pimaginably the world might rise to a level of civilization in which international law can be honored instead of righteously wielded against selected targets we should never cease efforts to bring that about in doing so we should not succumb to the illusions fostered by the global doctrinal systemsp

prussias war ukraine producing earthquake international affairs war raised new questions national security europe hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticlesaseuropeturnsawayfromrussianoilgasexportersglobalcloutisincreasingshaking energy geopoliticsa addition war creating new divisions global north global south russia china strengthen strategic relationshipp pin interview follows worldrenowned scholar leading dissident noam chomsky addresses new developments taking place world system account russias assault ukraine chomsky ponders question vladimir putin prosecuted war crimes light mounting evidence brings mind atrocities committed nazis world war ii hrefhttpswwwbusinessinsidercomvideoappearstoshowukrainiansoldiersexecutingcapturedrussiansoldiernyt20224recent evidencea indicates ukrainian forces engaged war crimes killing captured russian soldiersp pchomsky internationally recognized important intellectuals alive author 150 books recipient scores highly prestigious awards including sydney peace prize kyoto prize japans equivalent nobel prize dozens honorary doctorate degrees worlds renowned universities chomsky institute professor emeritus mit currently laureate professor university arizonap pstrongc j polychroniou war ukraine turned russia pariah state europe north america moscow continues receive support countries global south strategic relationship russia china getting stronger countries identified major factors maintaining order stability emerging polycentric world long putin xi jinping fact russian foreign minister sergey lavrov said following recent meeting chinese counterpart countries working advance vision new world order new democratic world order new world order pits global north global south countries statement russia china working promote new democratic world order idea autocratic states working promote democracy world sounds like crude jokestrongp pstrongnoam chomsky strongthe idea russia china working promote democratic world order course ludicrous way laboring promote democracy iraq goal invasion president bush announced clear single question emwill saddam abandon nuclear weapons programem answered wrong way rare exceptions intellectual class scholarship leaped attention vigorously proclaimed new doctrine suppose case today russia chinap pas usrun polls showed americans enthralled noble goals belatedly proclaimed joined iraqis hrefhttpswwwmiddleeasteyenetopinioniraqukrainewoundslivingnightmare1 percent polleda percent thought invaded order help iraqis rest concluded iraqs exports asparagus pickles center global petroleum production south pacific wouldnt invadedp pi dont pretend expert knowledge experience past weeks global south press interviews meetings personal discussion doesnt accurate supporting moscow sense moscow getting support western powers paying petroleum products food probably source russias main export earnings p pmy impression global south sharply condemned russian invasion asked whats new general reaction president bidens harsh condemnation putin war criminal like emit takes know oneem agree war criminal creatures enlightenment adopt kantian principle universality dismissed contempt west angry charges whataboutismp asidewesterners consumed moral outrage crimes enemies able maintain usual silence leaders carry terrible crimes right nowaside pit easy people civilized world increasingly global south impressed moral outrage western intellectuals years ago horrific facts enthusiastically applauding success invasion iraq hrefhttpswwwanneapplebaumcom20100830itstoosoontotellhowtheiraqwarwentspouting pietiesa noble intentions embarrassed abject apparatchik imagine reaction read pious hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220406opinionwarcrimesukraineputinhtmlinvocation nuremberg judgmenta editors emtheem emnew york timesem coming recognize initiate war aggression international crime supreme international crime differing war crimes contains accumulated evil accumulated evil includes instigation ethnic conflict torn apart iraq region horrors isis morep pnot course editors mind supreme international crimes supported 60 years escaped nuremberg judgmentp pwhile appreciation global south fact long western intellectuals political class coming perceive aggressors commit hideous crimes feel little late curiously skewed know ample experience able perceive westerners consumed moral outrage crimes enemies able maintain usual silence leaders carry terrible crimes right afghanistan yemen palestine western sahara places act expeditiously mitigate end crimesp plets turn strategic relationship russia china strengthening partnership corrupt russian kleptocracy provide raw materials advanced weapons economic system beijing systematically establishing mainland asia reaching africa middle east domains latin america russias role highly unequal relationship think likely diminish europes international role likely diminish putin handed europe golden platter usrun atlanticist system gift substantial significance hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticleschomskyuspushtoreignsupremestokestheukraineconflictweve discussed beforeap pstrongcan china help end war ukraine yes whats stopping beijing influence moscow peace agreement reached ukrainestrongp pchina act advance prospects peaceful negotiated settlement ukraine chinese leadership sees advantage sop pchinas information system appears pretty hrefhttpswwwaljazeeracomnews202246chinamediacoverageukrainewarconforminga russian propaganda line generally doesnt diverge fairly common stance global south illustrated graphically hrefhttpsgraphicsreuterscomukrainecrisissanctionsbyvrjenzmvesanctions mapa states joining sanctions russia anglosphere europe japan taiwan south korea rest world condemns invasion standing aloofp pthis surprise new recall iraq invasion virtually global support familiar fact true invasion afghanistan 911 weeks invasion international hrefhttpsnewsgallupcomtopicterrorismaspxgallupa poll asked question identity [911] terrorists known american government launch military attack country countries terrorists based american government seek extradite terrorists stand trialp pthe wording reflects fact identity known months later major press conference fbi director robert mueller affirm alqaeda suspected crime poll asked actual policy limited support doubtless lowerp pworld opinion overwhelmingly favored diplomaticjudicial measures military action opposition invasion particularly strong latin america little experience interventionp pthe free press spared americans knowledge international opinion able hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20020824opiniontheloyaloppositionhtmlproclaima opposition [to invasion] limited people reflexively american use powerp pquite suffer malady apparently global opinion today come great surprisep pchinas unwillingness devote efforts negotiated settlement ukraine conflict deserves criticism hard criticism properly come americans china adhering official policy simply policy fight ukrainian ukrainian independence offering way save ukraine tragedy worse current policy undermines hopes informing putin way hague proceed destroy ukrainep pthe quote opinions paraphrased astute widely respected diplomats hrefhttpsthegrayzonecom20220324usfightingrussiatothelastukrainianveteranusdiplomatambassador chas freemana goes spell options remind historyp plike cares fate ukrainians ambassador freeman recognizes alternative russian destruction ukraine backs wall putin narrow circle hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancomworld2022feb04putinsecurityelitesilovikirussiasemilovikiema implement negotiated settlement ugly offering aggressors escape carries history earlier discussions congress vienna 1814 followed napoleonic wars metternich european leaders observes good sense reincorporate [defeated] france governing councils europe overlooking virtual conquest europe led century substantial peace europe long violent world wars like preceded century peace ended world war ip pfreeman goes remind victors war good sense predecessors victors united states britain france insisted excluding germany role affairs europe newly formed soviet union result world war ii cold warp pas weve discussed earlier leading theme cold war status europe subordinate atlanticistnato framework preference independent force gaullist lines accommodating russia europe military alliances atlantic uralsp pthe question arose starkly ussr collapsed mikhail gorbachev outlined vision common european home military alliances lisbon vladivostok limited form concept revived french president emmanuel macron recent abortive interchanges putinp pif kremlin resembled statesman leaped opportunity explore like gorbachev vision europe strong reasons establish close relations russia ranging commerce security efforts succeeded avoiding ukraine tragedy guess answer found trying instead hard men moscow turned violence compounding criminal aggression selfdefeating foolishnessp pthe gorbachev conception partial support framework partnership peace initiative intended provide cooperative security system limited relation nato ambassador freeman significant role establishing describes fate words worth heedingp blockquote pwhat happened 1994 midterm election year 1996 presidential election year interesting 1994 mr clinton talking sides mouth telling russians rush add members nato preferred path partnership peace time hinting ethnic diasporas russophobic countries eastern europe way easy understand russophobia given history going countries nato fast possible 1996 pledge explicit [in] 1994 got outburst [boris] yeltsin president russian federation [in] 1996 got time went mr putin came regularly protested enlargement nato ways disregarded russias selfdefense interests surprise 28 years russia warning point snap destructive way terms interests terms broader prospects peace europep blockquote pnone provides excuse putins invasion freeman emphasizes important understand people united states triumphalist end cold war allowed united states incorporate countries right russias borders borders baltics american sphere influence essentially posited global sphere influence united states modeled monroe doctrine thats pretty havep prussian leadership tolerated clintons violation firm commitment gorbachev extend nato east germany tolerated george w bushs provocations military actions struck directly russian interests undertaken way humiliate russia ukraine georgia red lines clearly understood washington freeman continues russian leader likely tolerate nato expansion ukraine began 2014 coup [carried out] prevent neutrality prorussian government kiev replace proamerican government bring ukraine sphere 2015 united states arming training ukrainians russia effectively treating ukraine extension natop pas hrefhttpstruthoutorgarticleschomskyletsfocusonpreventingnuclearwarratherthandebatingjustwarweve discusseda stance explicit policy bidens september 2021 hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroomstatementsreleases20210901jointstatementontheusukrainestrategicpartnershipofficial statementa possibly factor russias decision escalate direct aggression months laterp pcrucially repeat current policy fight ukrainian offering way save ukraine tragedy fact undermining hopes informing putin way hague proceed destroy ukrainep pchina probably relatively satisfied course events likely true washington gained tragedy euphoria weapons fossil fuel producers unconcealed lead way indescribable catastrophe underscored vivid terms intergovernmental panel climate change hrefhttpswwwipccch20220404ipccar6wgiiipressreleasereporta april 4p pstrongturkeys position war ukraine maintain neutrality acting mediator russianukrainian crisis turkey continue maintain balancing act know supplying military assistance ukraine 2019 aligned geostrategic vision washington ukrainestrongp pturkey ambiguous position global affairs years member nato eu rejected appeals membership human rights grounds 1990s turkey responsible hideous crimes massive state terror kurdish population leaving tens thousands dead 3500 towns villages destroyed flood hundreds thousands people devastated kurdish regions miserable slums istanbul crimes concealed free press clinton pouring arms turkey flow escalating atrocities mounted turkey leading recipient military aid apart israelegypt separate category extending close correlation human rights abuses aid goes far detract muchlauded nobilityp pby 2000 turkish state crimes abating following years situation greatly improved able witness personally appreciation 2005 president recep erdoans increasingly harsh rule progress ended reversed reaction continued refusal european union accept turkish membership ignoring great steps forward recent years fortifying sense europeans simply wont accept turks clubp psince erdoans rule far brutal targeting kurds attacking civil human rights broad trying turn turkey major actor regional affairs hints renewed ottoman caliphate accepts russian weapons strong objections remains central nato system regional global dominance balancing act regard ukraine case pointp pif turkey facilitate negotiations bring ukraine horrors end welcome development applauded speculate chances insists perpetuating conflict ukrainian blocking ugly negotiated settlement alternative destruction ukraine nuclear warp pstrongrussian gas continues flow europe putin demanded european governments pay rubles impact geostrategic relations europe russia independent russian gas strongp pit doesnt look likely near future europe manage end use russian coal oil gas different matter requires pipelines years build transport facilities liquified natural gas barely exist question asking think different ascend wisdom reactionary tyrants provided europe century peace vienna 1814 gorbachev vision european common home military alliances conception far usinitiated partnership peace undermined president clinton resemblance statesmanship appear todays russia questions think forefront thinking active engagement trying influence discussion debate policy choicesp pstrongevidence russian war crimes mounting putin prosecuted war crimes ukrainestrongp pprosecution war crimes real world victors justice clear nuremberg tribunal concealed accompanying tokyo tribunal nuremberg saturation bombing densely settled urban areas excluded specialty allies german war criminals exculpated allies carried crimes subsequent years nuremberg principles thrown window recently discovered cudgel beat official enemiesp pthere thought trying horrendous crimes effort bring justice war nicaragua responded international court justice orders end crimes sharply escalating press dismissed court hostile forum shown daring convict emtheem emnew york timesems editors following ample precedentp pputin tried crimes overthrown russia russia treated defeated country record indicatesp pimaginably world rise level civilization international law honored instead righteously wielded selected targets cease efforts bring succumb illusions fostered global doctrinal systemsp

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Studying the Link Between Race and Police Killings

img altstudying the link between race and police killings srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204photo1541214184964d90ddf59c88bjpgpbrsince the ferguson missouri protests of 2014 the issue of how race and police violence interact has consistently been a frontpage news item in the united states recent weeks have seen the criminal a hrefhttpswwwcbccanewsworldofficersconvictedofviolatinggeorgefloydcivilrightsfeb2416363552convictiona of three minneapolis police officers who failed to stop the murder of george floyd in may 2020 the a hrefhttpswwwmiamitimesonlinecomnewsworld_nationalbreonnataylorsfamilyupsetoverofficersacquittalarticle_61232fe29e5a11ec9667eb723c05a5d9htmlacquittala of an expolice officer connected to the louisville ky drug raid that ended with breonna taylors death two months earlier and the decision to not file charges in the case of a hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomnewsusnewspolicewontchargeddeathamirlockeblackmankillednoknockwarrantrcna23233amir lockea a black man who was fatally shot by a minneapolis swat team officer in february the former decision has been applauded by those who see it as a step toward a hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomnation20220329georgefloydprotestfalloutcontinuesrolling backa racist police abuses while the latter two have been a hrefhttpswwwnbcdfwcomnewsnationalinternationalbreonnataylorsfamilysupporterssustainpushforjustice2914150condemneda as a perpetuation of the status quo meanwhile two economists have just published the latest in a series of academic analyses of the issue this one appearing in the emamerican economic reviewem under the title a hrefhttpswwwaeaweborgarticlesid101257aer20201292does race matter for police use of force evidence from 911 callsappthe new study by mark hoekstra and carlywill sloan gets at a question that many of us ask when these tragedies happen all other factors being equal are black suspects more likely than white suspects to be harmed during encounters with the police white officers in particular or is this impression created at least in part by the fact that killings of africanamericans by police officers now are likely to get media attention while similar killings of a hrefhttpswwwnationalreviewcomnewstonytimpasufferedthesamefateasgeorgefloydbutreceivednoneoftheattentionwhite victimsa sometimes fly under the radar the new study casts light on the issue by reporting findings from a city in which as the researchers detail white officers are indeed far more likely than their black colleagues to discharge their guns when sent on 911 calls in black neighborhoodseven when white and black officers work the same beats and shiftsppbut the authors admit that they dont know for certain why this is the case perhaps triggerhappy racist white officer are killing people without justification in black neighborhoods or perhaps black officers are better at handling tense situations in such areas or perhaps suspects in these neighborhoods react differently to officers of different races or perhaps some combination of these factors and various others besides unfortunately the city under study remains anonymous in the report so theres no way for third parties to investigate the individual cases further nor is there any way to determine how well the results would generalize to other placesppas i detail in a a hrefhttpswwwmanhattaninstituteorgverbruggenfatalpoliceshootingsnew reporta for the manhattan institute fatal police shootings and race a review of the evidence and suggestions for future research this field of research has witnessed immense strides in the past halfdecade or so but researchers still have not definitively answered the core question about officers mindset and thus far everyem emexisting factfinding approach has come with significant limitationspfigureblockquote classtwittertweetp langen dirltrin the past few years the narrative that police use lethal force disproportionately and without justification against africanamericans has been rampant but is it truea hrefhttpstwittercomraverbruggenref_srctwsrc5etfwraverbruggena takes up the question in a new report a hrefhttpstcotnctiqzyr2httpstcotnctiqzyr2ap manhattan institute manhattaninst a hrefhttpstwittercommanhattaninststatus1509319588055560194ref_srctwsrc5etfwmarch 31 2022ablockquote figurepthe hoekstrasloan study is one of the methodologically strongest to date and critics of the police will point to it as evidence that race matters at least in some places and in some ways but the academic literature has produced a wide range of findings and proof of rampant extreme forms of police racism hasnt readily leapt from the data in any kind of unambiguous way as many observers understandably expected would be the case instead the debate has come down to complicated issues of analysis and interpretationphrpone lesson that emerged from ferguson and subsequent events is that the government has done a terrible of job of tracking police killings as a stopgap measure private actors have stepped in to help fill this knowledge void including the a hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomgraphicsinvestigationspoliceshootingsdatabaseemwashington postema and a collaboration called a hrefhttpsfatalencountersorgfatal encountersa though each uses somewhat different criteria for inclusion in their databasesppby themselves these raw numbers tell us a lot we didnt know before onduty police officers shoot and kill about 1000 people every year and the total number and racial composition have been fairly steady since 2015 with black americans accounting for a little more than a quarter of those shot by policeand about a third of the unarmed individuals killed though it is worth stressing that someone without a weapon can still pose a serious threat to an officer a bystander or himselfppthe question is how to turn such data into a useful analysis of police behavior blacks share of the general population is only about 13 percent but this doesnt tell us all we need to know since crime and crime victimization isnt evenly distributed across racial groups and so even if this disparity is itself connected to underlying patterns of racism in american society in multiple ways it still must be corrected for in any analysis thats aimed at statistically isolating officers actual behavior if crime isnt evenly distributed across racial groups then the deadly encounters associated with even the most fastidiously nonracist police corps will exhibit the same statistical pattern ppa hrefhttpsasupureelseviercomenpublicationsisthereevidenceofracialdisparityinpoliceuseofdeadlyforsomea a hrefhttpsjnixnetlifyapppublication23disparitybiasstudiesa try to benchmark racial groups policeshooting rates to the crime rates associated with each group however racial disparities are different for different crimes and theres no consensus as to which crimes should be examined for purposes of this kind of analysis moreover crime rates are difficult to measure accurately in and of themselves and not everyone shot by the police is a criminal or even a suspected criminal yes the black share of known a hrefhttpsucrfbigovcrimeintheus2019crimeintheus2019tablesexpandedhomicidedatatable6xlsmurderersa and a hrefhttpsucrfbigovleoka2019topicpagestablestable42xlscopkillersa in particular is higher than the black share of those shot and killed by police but in light of all the other uncertainties at play that fact alone is hardly enough to settle the debateppa hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoi1011771525107118759900othera a hrefhttpscarlacresearchlieberman_police_forcepdfstudiesa focus on defined types of encounters in which police officers either used lethal force or did notfor example cases in which officers used a taser instead of a gun or pointed a gun but didnt fire it the researchers whove produced these statistical models have tried to account for a wide range of important variables such as the suspects weapon if any the reason the officer had been called to the scene and so on with the goal being to allow them to study what happened to white versus black suspects in reasonably similar situations ppthe most famous study in this vein is a hrefhttpsscholarharvardedufryerpublicationsempiricalanalysisracialdifferencespoliceuseforceroland g fryer jrs 2019 papera an empirical analysis of racial differences in police use of force he found no antiblack bias in lethal force across numerous models with the most rigorous analysis being limited to data from houston however the information that informs such studies often comes at least in part from police departments themselves which naturally raises all kinds of questions about bias moreover no model can account for emeverythingem thats important about every situation this includes the question of whether racial bias presented itself as a significant factor embeforeem the decision to use lethal force was madeppconsider as a thought experiment data showing that a white police officer was less likely to shoot a black person once the officer had unholstered his or her gun on the surface this would look like evidence against racist intent but this inference becomes much weakerand perhaps even unsustainableif one considers the possibility that officers are significantly more likely to unholster and aim their weapons at blacks to begin with this field is full of puzzles such as this ppstill a hrefhttpsonlinelibrarywileycomdoiepdf101111puar12956othera a hrefhttpspapersssrncomsol3paperscfmabstract_id2870189studiesa aim to examine the races of the police officers themselves and these have often found that white officers arent disproportionately involved in shootings of blacks the most wellknown of these studies was the subject of a bizarre 2020 academic fiasco in which after a protracted pressure campaign the authors a hrefhttpswwwpnasorgdoi101073pnas2014148117retracteda their work even while maintaining that their statistical methods were appropriate for investigating whether officer characteristics are related to the race of civilians fatally shot by police going forward this example suggests that we must not only be mindful of technical forms of statistical bias that may compromise any given data set or scholarly analysis but also more general manifestations of political bias which now may affect a scholars decision to report or even investigate certain facts in the first place ppthe not unreasonable presumption in this area of inquiry is that black officers harbor less antiblack bias than their white colleagues but this approach raises thorny issues as well information about the race of the involved officers isnt always publicly available some locales have higher black populations than others and these areas will tend to have more black suspects emand emmore black officers so studies of this type need to be run in a way that carefully accounts for local demographics complicating matters is the fact that even emwithinem some cities a hrefhttpswwwnberorgpapersw29243black officers are disproportionately assigned to police black neighborhoodsa thats why the hoekstrasloan study was such a breakthrough their data are so detailed that they can account for the individual beats and shifts that police officers work not just overall demographicsppthe question of geography presents other complications as well a police officer who uses deadly force may be responding to fears racerelated or otherwise that originate not only with the person being shot but with the neighbourhood in which the encounter takes place so theres been work done on determining whether heavily minority neighborhoods have a hrefhttpsthecrimereports3amazonawscom246c3430race__crime__and_the_microecology_of_deadly_force__david_klinger__1_pdfmore police shootings even after controlling for crime ratesa others have asked if locations in which white residents score poorly on controversial implicit bias tests also exhibit a hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoi1011771948550617711229wider racial gaps in regard to police shootingsa reported measures of these correlations can be interesting but as yet it would be hard to use them to prove any kind of concrete thesis concerning officers motivations even if all such studies pointed us in the same directionwhich they dont ppas i discuss in my new manhattan institute report there are a number of useful ways in which this research literature can be developed one would be for researchers to move past simplistic designs that merely benchmark police shootings to crime rates id argue that theres simply not much more to be learned on that front another would be to mine data from natural experiments that already offer presupplied control groupsas with the hoekstrasloan study whereby researchers were able to see how black and white officers responded to otherwise similar sets of 911 calls still another is for the government to finally collect these data in a comprehensive manner several efforts at which are already underway and to expand the information collected to include for example officer race and a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsjnixnetlifyapppublication45ponenonfatalshootingsincidents that didnt result in fatalitiesappgiven the widespread outrage that has followed in the wake of police killings of black victims many americans have understandably come to expect that clear proof of flagrant and widespread racism among officers would be provided by researchers as explained above however we are still waiting for clear answers to emerge until then our main consolation will be that americans from all points on the political spectrum have at least been alerted to the need for better data and for a deeper understanding of why police encounters too often end in tragedyp

img altstudying link race police killings srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204photo1541214184964d90ddf59c88bjpgpbrsince ferguson missouri protests 2014 issue race police violence interact consistently frontpage news item united states recent weeks seen criminal hrefhttpswwwcbccanewsworldofficersconvictedofviolatinggeorgefloydcivilrightsfeb2416363552convictiona minneapolis police officers failed stop murder george floyd 2020 hrefhttpswwwmiamitimesonlinecomnewsworld_nationalbreonnataylorsfamilyupsetoverofficersacquittalarticle_61232fe29e5a11ec9667eb723c05a5d9htmlacquittala expolice officer connected louisville ky drug raid ended breonna taylors death months earlier decision file charges case hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomnewsusnewspolicewontchargeddeathamirlockeblackmankillednoknockwarrantrcna23233amir lockea black man fatally shot minneapolis swat team officer february decision applauded step hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomnation20220329georgefloydprotestfalloutcontinuesrolling backa racist police abuses hrefhttpswwwnbcdfwcomnewsnationalinternationalbreonnataylorsfamilysupporterssustainpushforjustice2914150condemneda perpetuation status quo economists published latest series academic analyses issue appearing emamerican economic reviewem title hrefhttpswwwaeaweborgarticlesid101257aer20201292does race matter police use force evidence 911 callsappthe new study mark hoekstra carlywill sloan gets question ask tragedies happen factors equal black suspects likely white suspects harmed encounters police white officers particular impression created fact killings africanamericans police officers likely media attention similar killings hrefhttpswwwnationalreviewcomnewstonytimpasufferedthesamefateasgeorgefloydbutreceivednoneoftheattentionwhite victimsa fly radar new study casts light issue reporting findings city researchers detail white officers far likely black colleagues discharge guns sent 911 calls black neighborhoodseven white black officers work beats shiftsppbut authors admit dont know certain case triggerhappy racist white officer killing people justification black neighborhoods black officers better handling tense situations areas suspects neighborhoods react differently officers different races combination factors unfortunately city study remains anonymous report theres way parties investigate individual cases way determine results generalize placesppas detail hrefhttpswwwmanhattaninstituteorgverbruggenfatalpoliceshootingsnew reporta manhattan institute fatal police shootings race review evidence suggestions future research field research witnessed immense strides past halfdecade researchers definitively answered core question officers mindset far everyem emexisting factfinding approach come significant limitationspfigureblockquote classtwittertweetp langen dirltrin past years narrative police use lethal force disproportionately justification africanamericans rampant truea hrefhttpstwittercomraverbruggenref_srctwsrc5etfwraverbruggena takes question new report hrefhttpstcotnctiqzyr2httpstcotnctiqzyr2ap manhattan institute manhattaninst hrefhttpstwittercommanhattaninststatus1509319588055560194ref_srctwsrc5etfwmarch 31 2022ablockquote figurepthe hoekstrasloan study methodologically strongest date critics police point evidence race matters places ways academic literature produced wide range findings proof rampant extreme forms police racism hasnt readily leapt data kind unambiguous way observers understandably expected case instead debate come complicated issues analysis interpretationphrpone lesson emerged ferguson subsequent events government terrible job tracking police killings stopgap measure private actors stepped help fill knowledge void including hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomgraphicsinvestigationspoliceshootingsdatabaseemwashington postema collaboration called hrefhttpsfatalencountersorgfatal encountersa uses somewhat different criteria inclusion databasesppby raw numbers tell lot didnt know onduty police officers shoot kill 1000 people year total number racial composition fairly steady 2015 black americans accounting little quarter shot policeand unarmed individuals killed worth stressing weapon pose threat officer bystander himselfppthe question turn data useful analysis police behavior blacks share general population 13 percent doesnt tell need know crime crime victimization isnt evenly distributed racial groups disparity connected underlying patterns racism american society multiple ways corrected analysis thats aimed statistically isolating officers actual behavior crime isnt evenly distributed racial groups deadly encounters associated fastidiously nonracist police corps exhibit statistical pattern ppa hrefhttpsasupureelseviercomenpublicationsisthereevidenceofracialdisparityinpoliceuseofdeadlyforsomea hrefhttpsjnixnetlifyapppublication23disparitybiasstudiesa try benchmark racial groups policeshooting rates crime rates associated group racial disparities different different crimes theres consensus crimes examined purposes kind analysis crime rates difficult measure accurately shot police criminal suspected criminal yes black share known hrefhttpsucrfbigovcrimeintheus2019crimeintheus2019tablesexpandedhomicidedatatable6xlsmurderersa hrefhttpsucrfbigovleoka2019topicpagestablestable42xlscopkillersa particular higher black share shot killed police light uncertainties play fact hardly settle debateppa hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoi1011771525107118759900othera hrefhttpscarlacresearchlieberman_police_forcepdfstudiesa focus defined types encounters police officers lethal force notfor example cases officers taser instead gun pointed gun didnt fire researchers whove produced statistical models tried account wide range important variables suspects weapon reason officer called scene goal allow study happened white versus black suspects reasonably similar situations ppthe famous study vein hrefhttpsscholarharvardedufryerpublicationsempiricalanalysisracialdifferencespoliceuseforceroland g fryer jrs 2019 papera empirical analysis racial differences police use force found antiblack bias lethal force numerous models rigorous analysis limited data houston information informs studies comes police departments naturally raises kinds questions bias model account emeverythingem thats important situation includes question racial bias presented significant factor embeforeem decision use lethal force madeppconsider thought experiment data showing white police officer likely shoot black person officer unholstered gun surface look like evidence racist intent inference weakerand unsustainableif considers possibility officers significantly likely unholster aim weapons blacks begin field puzzles ppstill hrefhttpsonlinelibrarywileycomdoiepdf101111puar12956othera hrefhttpspapersssrncomsol3paperscfmabstract_id2870189studiesa aim examine races police officers found white officers arent disproportionately involved shootings blacks wellknown studies subject bizarre 2020 academic fiasco protracted pressure campaign authors hrefhttpswwwpnasorgdoi101073pnas2014148117retracteda work maintaining statistical methods appropriate investigating officer characteristics related race civilians fatally shot police going forward example suggests mindful technical forms statistical bias compromise given data set scholarly analysis general manifestations political bias affect scholars decision report investigate certain facts place ppthe unreasonable presumption area inquiry black officers harbor antiblack bias white colleagues approach raises thorny issues information race involved officers isnt publicly available locales higher black populations areas tend black suspects emand emmore black officers studies type need run way carefully accounts local demographics complicating matters fact emwithinem cities hrefhttpswwwnberorgpapersw29243black officers disproportionately assigned police black neighborhoodsa thats hoekstrasloan study breakthrough data detailed account individual beats shifts police officers work overall demographicsppthe question geography presents complications police officer uses deadly force responding fears racerelated originate person shot neighbourhood encounter takes place theres work determining heavily minority neighborhoods hrefhttpsthecrimereports3amazonawscom246c3430race__crime__and_the_microecology_of_deadly_force__david_klinger__1_pdfmore police shootings controlling crime ratesa asked locations white residents score poorly controversial implicit bias tests exhibit hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoi1011771948550617711229wider racial gaps regard police shootingsa reported measures correlations interesting hard use prove kind concrete thesis concerning officers motivations studies pointed directionwhich dont ppas discuss new manhattan institute report number useful ways research literature developed researchers past simplistic designs merely benchmark police shootings crime rates id argue theres simply learned data natural experiments offer presupplied control groupsas hoekstrasloan study researchers able black white officers responded similar sets 911 calls government finally collect data comprehensive manner efforts underway expand information collected include example officer race relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsjnixnetlifyapppublication45ponenonfatalshootingsincidents didnt result fatalitiesappgiven widespread outrage followed wake police killings black victims americans understandably come expect clear proof flagrant widespread racism officers provided researchers explained waiting clear answers emerge main consolation americans points political spectrum alerted need better data deeper understanding police encounters end tragedyp

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Jury Acquits 2 Men Accused of Plotting To Kidnap Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204upiphotostwo8504122400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204upiphotostwo8504121200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204upiphotostwo8504122400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204upiphotostwo8504121200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altupiphotostwo850412 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412800x450jpg height675 picture div pin what should serve as a major blow to the credibility of federal law enforcement agents a district court jury acquitted two men accused of plotting to kidnap michigan gov gretchen whitmer the jury deadlocked on the charges against two other defendants and its not clear whether prosecutors will seek to retry them a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220408usverdictwhitmerkidnappingcasehtmlsmidtwnytimessmtypcuraccording to emthe new york timesemap pbrandon caserta and daniel harris were acquitted on all charges they faced adam fox and barry croft will be eligible for retrialp pthis is an embarrassing outcome for both the fbiwhich had relied on a vast network of informants that were extensively involved in planning and even encouraging the plotas well as whitmer herself who treated the plot with utter seriousness and a hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomideasarchive202010plotkidnapme616866connected ita to former president donald trumps irresponsible rhetoricp pin reality whitmer was never in actual danger quotbig danquot the ringleader of the alleged plot contacted law enforcement early on and the fbi paid him 54000 to conduct six months of surveillance on a loose network of militia members who were upset with whitmers aggressive covid19 lockdown policies when the group staked out whitmers house it was big dan leading the effortwith the fbis foreknowledge and encouragementp pat the same time big dans fbi handler a man named jayson chambers was attempting to start a side business as a security consultant he thus had every incentive to construct a major domestic terrorism bust that he could take credit for foiling as emthe times ema hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220408usverdictwhitmerkidnappingcasehtmlsmidtwnytimessmtypcurreportedap blockquote pno attack ever took place and no final date for an abduction was set testimony showed and the details of the alleged plan sometimes differed from witness to witness the fbi informant dan chappel said he believed the group planned to kill ms whitmer whose handling of the covid19 pandemic had infuriated the men ty garbin the man who earlier pleaded guilty in the case said he thought the group of men might abandon the governor in a boat in the middle of lake michigan another man who pleaded guilty kaleb franks said he had hoped to die in a shootout with the governors security detailp pquotthere was no plan to kidnap the governor and there was no agreement between these four menquot joshua blanchard a lawyer for mr croft said in closing arguments he said the government tried to conjure up a conspiracy by using a network of informants and undercover agents and that quotwithout a plan the snitches needed to make it look likequot there was movement toward a planp blockquote pthe fbi of course has a long history of engaging in a hrefhttpstheinterceptcom20220309fbiterrorismgretchenwhitmertrialentrapmenta ie inducing people to plan crimes that they had no intention of carrying out the victims of these prosecutions have often been muslims though rightwing groups are also a common target of overzealous law enforcement it appears that the jury possessed reasonable and welljustified doubt that the there was ever any actual plot to kidnap whitmer despite the fbis attempts to manufacture onep piframe allowfullscreen srchttpswwwyoutubecomembednhu91egpgcifeatureoembed width500 titlerobby soave even liberal msm realizes the fake gretchen whitmer kidnapping plot was fbi entrapment height281iframep pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220408gretchenwhitmerkidnappingplotacquittalfbijury acquits 2 men accused of plotting to kidnap michigan gov gretchen whitmera appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204upiphotostwo8504122400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204upiphotostwo8504121200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204upiphotostwo8504122400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204upiphotostwo8504121200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altupiphotostwo850412 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204upiphotostwo850412800x450jpg height675 picture div pin serve major blow credibility federal law enforcement agents district court jury acquitted men accused plotting kidnap michigan gov gretchen whitmer jury deadlocked charges defendants clear prosecutors seek retry hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220408usverdictwhitmerkidnappingcasehtmlsmidtwnytimessmtypcuraccording toemthe new york timesemap pbrandon caserta daniel harris acquitted charges faced adam fox barry croft eligible retrialp pthis embarrassing outcome fbiwhich relied vast network informants extensively involved planning encouraging plotas whitmer treated plot utter seriousness hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomideasarchive202010plotkidnapme616866connected ita president donald trumps irresponsible rhetoricp pin reality whitmer actual danger quotbig danquot ringleader alleged plot contacted law enforcement early fbi paid 54000 conduct months surveillance loose network militia members upset whitmers aggressive covid19 lockdown policies group staked whitmers house big dan leading effortwith fbis foreknowledge encouragementp pat time big dans fbi handler man named jayson chambers attempting start business security consultant incentive construct major domestic terrorism bust credit foiling emthe timesema hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220408usverdictwhitmerkidnappingcasehtmlsmidtwnytimessmtypcurreportedap blockquote pno attack took place final date abduction set testimony showed details alleged plan differed witness witness fbi informant dan chappel said believed group planned kill ms whitmer handling covid19 pandemic infuriated men ty garbin man earlier pleaded guilty case said thought group men abandon governor boat middle lake michigan man pleaded guilty kaleb franks said hoped die shootout governors security detailp pquotthere plan kidnap governor agreement menquot joshua blanchard lawyer mr croft said closing arguments said government tried conjure conspiracy network informants undercover agents quotwithout plan snitches needed look likequot movement planp blockquote pthe fbi course long history engaging hrefhttpstheinterceptcom20220309fbiterrorismgretchenwhitmertrialentrapmenta ie inducing people plan crimes intention carrying victims prosecutions muslims rightwing groups common target overzealous law enforcement appears jury possessed reasonable welljustified doubt actual plot kidnap whitmer despite fbis attempts manufacture onep piframe allowfullscreen srchttpswwwyoutubecomembednhu91egpgcifeatureoembed width500 titlerobby soave liberal msm realizes fake gretchen whitmer kidnapping plot fbi entrapment height281iframep pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220408gretchenwhitmerkidnappingplotacquittalfbijury acquits 2 men accused plotting kidnap michigan gov gretchen whitmera appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

6250b7e9478afb51e87b3a2b

Under COVID Lockdown, Shanghai's People Are Running Out of Food and Meds While Pets Get Killed in the Streets

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204featurechinapix1368252400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204featurechinapix1368251200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204featurechinapix1368252400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204featurechinapix1368251200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altfeaturechinapix136825 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825800x450jpg height675 picture div pin shanghai which is three times the size of new york city residents have been under strict pandemic lockdown since march 27 a hrefhttpswwwcnncom20220406chinachinacovidoutbreakexplainerintlhnkindexhtmlin some partsa and since march 31 in others with no end in sightp phaving detected a huge surge in cases with more than 20000 new cases being found daily chinese authorities locked the city of 25 million down forcing residents into situations of extraordinary deprivation and subjecting them to brutal containment and control measures with residents unable to leave their houses food supplies are dwindling and government workers attempting to deliver supplies to homes and apartments frequently failing to do so in a timely or consistent manner people are running out of the medicines they need to stay healthy or alive some people experiencing medical emergencies cnn a hrefhttpswwwcnncom20220406chinachinacovidoutbreakexplainerintlhnkindexhtmlreportsa have died after being turned away they were unable to access care without negative covid tests quotwe are not killed by covid but by the covid control measuresquot a hrefhttpswwwcnncom20220406chinachinacovidoutbreakexplainerintlhnkindexhtmlreada a viral post on social media site weibop pdue to strict containment and isolation measures in place for covidpositive people some mothers a hrefhttpswwwcnncom20220406chinachinacovidoutbreakexplainerintlhnkindexhtmlreporta being forcibly separated from their covidinfected children by authorities health authorities allege parents will be able to a hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomnewsworldshanghaieaseschildseparationpolicycovidlockdownfrustrationrcna23169appeal thisa and seek permission to accompany their covidpositive children to hospitals and isolation wards it is unclear how this will actually apply in practice and whether this will end the brutal measure of separating parents from their young sick childrenp pquotin this country its not the virus that scares us but the chaotic anticovid measures that have caused risks to the wellbeing of the elderly the children and companion animalsquot shanghai resident lily chen a hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20220407shanghailockdownrisksbecomingbiggestcrisisofxistenuretolda embloomberg emquoti now realize we can only rely on ourselvesnot the governmentto protect our own familiesquotp pa video that has a hrefhttpswwwscmpcomnewspeopleculturetrendingchinaarticle3173467shanghaicoronaviruslockdowncorgibeatendeathgone viral in chinaa shows one family in shanghai being taken off to covid quarantine as their pet corgi chased the van in pursuit of its people they had ostensibly released the dog into the city assuming possible survival instead of letting it stay in the family home during the quarantine period where it would die without care the dog was promptly killed by a covid prevention worker wielding a spade this is a hrefhttpswwwscmpcomnewspeopleculturesocialwelfarearticle3170165chinacallprotectpetsslaughterduringnot the first timea chinese authorities have come under fire for brutal treatment of pets in pursuit of covid containmentp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrthe great leap forward from the discomfort of your own home hunger drives people crazy how can this continue a hrefhttpstcoi1wnriwcg2httpstcoi1wnriwcg2ap p alex turnbull alexbhturnbull a hrefhttpstwittercomalexbhturnbullstatus1511226053015998464ref_srctwsrc5etfwapril 5 2022apblockquote pp pthose who do violate or attempt to violate statemandated quarantine or lockdown are subjected to punishment though it is difficult to know the full extent due to the chinese communist partys ccp aggressive censorship in other cities like shandong which was also a hrefhttpswwwnprorg202203111085985036chinalocksdowncityof9millionamidnewspikeincasesrecentlya forced under lockdown videos of harsh punishments have circulatedp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langzh dirltrdisturbing video of covid volunteers forcibly shaving someone who stepped outside of the house in heze shandong a hrefhttpstcoti49qzrnqapictwittercomti49qzrnqaap p alexander boyd alexludoboyd a hrefhttpstwittercomalexludoboydstatus1511410974984654862ref_srctwsrc5etfwapril 5 2022apblockquote pp psome on social media site weibo suggest that the a hrefhttpstwittercomalexludoboydstatus1511690352557584394s20tkoqxwukmyqdf78ud6dotgabovea could be a parody while others elsewhere a hrefhttpstwittercomtengbiaostatus1511502759522095105s20tkoqxwukmyqdf78ud6dotgnotea that quotforcibly shaving only the left sidequot is a callback to quotan insulting practice widely used during the cultural revolutionquotp pall such measures are part of the ccps quotcovid zeroquot strategy which aims to entirely eliminate covid spread within chinas borders often through imposition of aggressive regional lockdowns like the one seen in shanghai as well as strict border control and frequent testing only about a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220407worldasiashanghaicovidchinahtmlhalfa of chinas above80 population is fully vaccinated with chinese vaccines proving less effective than their western counterparts its unclear what the death toll looks like as this covid outbreak takes it course and ccpsourced numbers are notoriously unreliablep pwhat emis emclear is the degree to which residents of shanghai are disturbed by the state of deprivation theyve been forced to endure an a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220407worldasiashanghaicovidchinahtmlactionclickmodulerelatedlinkspgtypearticleunusually high amounta of government criticism has emanated from weibo and other platforms which are typically heavily censored quotwe dont want to starve to deathquot a hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220407worldasiashanghaicovidchinahtmlactionclickmodulerelatedlinkspgtypearticlechanteda residents of one suburbp pquotcontrol your souls desire for freedomquot one a hrefhttpswwwinsidercomshanghaideploysdronesrobotdogsbroadcastcovid19lockdownguidelines20224dronea told them as it aerially broadcasted covid control policies throughout the city emblematic of how seriously ccp authorities take citizens concernsp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220408undercovidlockdownshanghaispeoplearerunningoutoffoodandmedswhilepetsgetkilledinthestreetsunder covid lockdown shanghais people are running out of food and meds while pets get killed in the streetsa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204featurechinapix1368252400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204featurechinapix1368251200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204featurechinapix1368252400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204featurechinapix1368251200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altfeaturechinapix136825 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204featurechinapix136825800x450jpg height675 picture div pin shanghai times size new york city residents strict pandemic lockdown march 27 hrefhttpswwwcnncom20220406chinachinacovidoutbreakexplainerintlhnkindexhtmlin partsa march 31 end sightp phaving detected huge surge cases 20000 new cases found daily chinese authorities locked city 25 million forcing residents situations extraordinary deprivation subjecting brutal containment control measures residents unable leave houses food supplies dwindling government workers attempting deliver supplies homes apartments frequently failing timely consistent manner people running medicines need stay healthy alive people experiencing medical emergencies cnn hrefhttpswwwcnncom20220406chinachinacovidoutbreakexplainerintlhnkindexhtmlreportsa died turned away unable access care negative covid tests quotwe killed covid covid control measuresquot hrefhttpswwwcnncom20220406chinachinacovidoutbreakexplainerintlhnkindexhtmlreada viral post social media site weibop pdue strict containment isolation measures place covidpositive people mothers hrefhttpswwwcnncom20220406chinachinacovidoutbreakexplainerintlhnkindexhtmlreporta forcibly separated covidinfected children authorities health authorities allege parents able hrefhttpswwwnbcnewscomnewsworldshanghaieaseschildseparationpolicycovidlockdownfrustrationrcna23169appeal thisa seek permission accompany covidpositive children hospitals isolation wards unclear actually apply practice end brutal measure separating parents young sick childrenp pquotin country virus scares chaotic anticovid measures caused risks wellbeing elderly children companion animalsquot shanghai resident lily chen hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20220407shanghailockdownrisksbecomingbiggestcrisisofxistenuretolda embloomberg emquoti realize rely ourselvesnot governmentto protect familiesquotp pa video hrefhttpswwwscmpcomnewspeopleculturetrendingchinaarticle3173467shanghaicoronaviruslockdowncorgibeatendeathgone viral chinaa shows family shanghai taken covid quarantine pet corgi chased van pursuit people ostensibly released dog city assuming possible survival instead letting stay family home quarantine period die care dog promptly killed covid prevention worker wielding spade hrefhttpswwwscmpcomnewspeopleculturesocialwelfarearticle3170165chinacallprotectpetsslaughterduringnot timea chinese authorities come fire brutal treatment pets pursuit covid containmentp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrthe great leap forward discomfort home hunger drives people crazy continue hrefhttpstcoi1wnriwcg2httpstcoi1wnriwcg2ap p alex turnbull alexbhturnbull hrefhttpstwittercomalexbhturnbullstatus1511226053015998464ref_srctwsrc5etfwapril 5 2022apblockquote pp pthose violate attempt violate statemandated quarantine lockdown subjected punishment difficult know extent chinese communist partys ccp aggressive censorship cities like shandong hrefhttpswwwnprorg202203111085985036chinalocksdowncityof9millionamidnewspikeincasesrecentlya forced lockdown videos harsh punishments circulatedp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langzh dirltrdisturbing video covid volunteers forcibly shaving stepped outside house heze shandong hrefhttpstcoti49qzrnqapictwittercomti49qzrnqaap p alexander boyd alexludoboyd hrefhttpstwittercomalexludoboydstatus1511410974984654862ref_srctwsrc5etfwapril 5 2022apblockquote pp psome social media site weibo suggest hrefhttpstwittercomalexludoboydstatus1511690352557584394s20tkoqxwukmyqdf78ud6dotgabovea parody hrefhttpstwittercomtengbiaostatus1511502759522095105s20tkoqxwukmyqdf78ud6dotgnotea quotforcibly shaving left sidequot callback quotan insulting practice widely cultural revolutionquotp pall measures ccps quotcovid zeroquot strategy aims entirely eliminate covid spread chinas borders imposition aggressive regional lockdowns like seen shanghai strict border control frequent testing hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220407worldasiashanghaicovidchinahtmlhalfa chinas above80 population fully vaccinated chinese vaccines proving effective western counterparts unclear death toll looks like covid outbreak takes course ccpsourced numbers notoriously unreliablep pwhatemisemclear degree residents shanghai disturbed state deprivation theyve forced endure hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220407worldasiashanghaicovidchinahtmlactionclickmodulerelatedlinkspgtypearticleunusually high amounta government criticism emanated weibo platforms typically heavily censored quotwe dont want starve deathquot hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220407worldasiashanghaicovidchinahtmlactionclickmodulerelatedlinkspgtypearticlechanteda residents suburbp pquotcontrol souls desire freedomquot hrefhttpswwwinsidercomshanghaideploysdronesrobotdogsbroadcastcovid19lockdownguidelines20224dronea told aerially broadcasted covid control policies city emblematic seriously ccp authorities citizens concernsp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220408undercovidlockdownshanghaispeoplearerunningoutoffoodandmedswhilepetsgetkilledinthestreetsunder covid lockdown shanghais people running food meds pets killed streetsa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

6250b811478afb51e87b3a33

AI for Emergent Ventures

pi am pleased to announce the initiation of a new special tranche of the emergent ventures fund to identify and foster artificial intelligence researchers and talent in emerging economies this tranche is thanks to a special gift from the a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom1vfgvw4mmpdmwon9o1vhsogxz0l0ez76z6eeqv97ztvjwzjzucschjdqs57uke_bg19o8qovphvalde9inznxntr3y4pvwhe9o6udfkpkdgisxgyanjfhnqsheotmwkuplxgynlkakmdifjytdmizpgovxxeulvfsj4yheaf3kjqrot55fe83uyjixf3c832yhtqxfex5rrdgnviqrroollmt4zeb8autqazxmzqymde7vqmis1oxwfjufzeofh7tgf2qs_ggpq1tcli7nesnd9hvsvhyno5zwtzzknl6zi74aqtnoqydyzxknbmtg9osk1lknc8niarjhgwbawyyywfmw3hya931obf8ya9sqomnpw5_3h55lwwzfjdoxlavawnir_1bpnwdwq8dahwj1jisahrw2aq8_w_6gcp3_ayyhd3aaqzwrvl1https3a2f2fwwwschmidtfuturescom2f datalinkindex0 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankschmidt futuresap pseveral factors including credential requirements long review times and ageism deter ai talent from seeking support for their work ev will use its usual active approach a supersimple application form quick turnaround time and its existing global network to find both credentialed and uncredentialed talent across the world especially in emerging economiesp pclick the apply now at a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom10ouw_jexuqoowil0zmpxnmekfangn2ofddoq7sqxwivjuwm15wbdyb3gcv10e5emvu2tvy3kpxw4dcjk4yekpdxxmkduutpqw6dro5mbbpek0nlsry9jih_qvl2p2aeu8uki4n65wj1ezqmroly_1qmpobmyfdlynwlujnbl_jcsadhmo413vifzoer0fwwhalnvn9stzthwrry7lol_sjwmltyxujhn6omhvezp30wfhz7r4jpwvbknxo7doay32n7j3jvs2rte25qwdx2ixhrahkaahy8_49lsh_b0ruwjqkauj6cwpxcikqsa_9l8n88ywjulzwfp0_4ilatzks3y5dffczlmwqdfftupjtang5rtw7dkpngov4u0cyojbogqmquflklgockbh5axtb_y3fuky6xcz9w3ldtrpkjzyxhe1koixek0zhttps3a2f2fwwwmercatusorg2femergentventures datalinkindex1 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankthe normal emergent ventures sitea and follow the supersimple instructions and note how your project relates to ai as you answer the questionnaire there is no application deadline for evai but applicants are encouraged to apply quickly as funds are limitedp pthose unfamiliar with emergent ventures can learn more a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom1qdk5fvfs6v9zepuorqst_vpb4e83wrqjlrrvxlen2vx1x8lpcn7o_vmoln9ziflvdwymums9wsko299gb0fb4i9cyqapakiqz_d61amtw8wp6w8wunl11n1m3ubchjbxsxvz08qa_9t2vdhyv0whyw_leufkabhbt6d0oewltenvtvgofeanqtfm65rmlwvv3ijpualeq1ptacsdisihtvcjewhphdoc3w0f3jxg0m5kbvfkoecg1qrp4qf9r7qhdpluvzdk1v6qzk9kvmmpnpfr9msol1slpaqlmnfnv8eqj8rvlhz_pvg_tpajhsfteiztft8mksnk32so6jvgvqq8dyc4fdtaaqpvermcnfaiwvmbwn4ofvenl4srivyll73fonk7jxa5rkex2hviw_jfncquyyrg3vdqejsamnjvzzncvwkznmsp7y6n4o9yh8wd8uiz2pghttps3a2f2fmarginalrevolutioncom2fmarginalrevolution2f20182f092femergentventuresnewprojecthelpfomentenlightenmenthtml datalinkindex2 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankherea and a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom10ouw_jexuqoowil0zmpxnmekfangn2ofddoq7sqxwivjuwm15wbdyb3gcv10e5emvu2tvy3kpxw4dcjk4yekpdxxmkduutpqw6dro5mbbpek0nlsry9jih_qvl2p2aeu8uki4n65wj1ezqmroly_1qmpobmyfdlynwlujnbl_jcsadhmo413vifzoer0fwwhalnvn9stzthwrry7lol_sjwmltyxujhn6omhvezp30wfhz7r4jpwvbknxo7doay32n7j3jvs2rte25qwdx2ixhrahkaahy8_49lsh_b0ruwjqkauj6cwpxcikqsa_9l8n88ywjulzwfp0_4ilatzks3y5dffczlmwqdfftupjtang5rtw7dkpngov4u0cyojbogqmquflklgockbh5axtb_y3fuky6xcz9w3ldtrpkjzyxhe1koixek0zhttps3a2f2fwwwmercatusorg2femergentventures datalinkindex3 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankherea here is a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwmercatusorgfeaturesmercatuscenterannounceslaunchemergentventuresai target_blankthe announcementap pif you are interested in supporting the ai tranche of emergent ventures please write to me or to shruti rajagopalan at a relnoopener noreferrer hrefmailtosrajagopalanmercatusgmuedu datalinkindex4 dataauthnotapplicable target_blanksrajagopalanmercatusgmueduap pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204aiforemergentventureshtmlai for emergent venturesa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pi pleased announce initiation new special tranche emergent ventures fund toidentify foster artificial intelligence researchers talent emerging economiesthis tranche thanks specialgift thea relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom1vfgvw4mmpdmwon9o1vhsogxz0l0ez76z6eeqv97ztvjwzjzucschjdqs57uke_bg19o8qovphvalde9inznxntr3y4pvwhe9o6udfkpkdgisxgyanjfhnqsheotmwkuplxgynlkakmdifjytdmizpgovxxeulvfsj4yheaf3kjqrot55fe83uyjixf3c832yhtqxfex5rrdgnviqrroollmt4zeb8autqazxmzqymde7vqmis1oxwfjufzeofh7tgf2qs_ggpq1tcli7nesnd9hvsvhyno5zwtzzknl6zi74aqtnoqydyzxknbmtg9osk1lknc8niarjhgwbawyyywfmw3hya931obf8ya9sqomnpw5_3h55lwwzfjdoxlavawnir_1bpnwdwq8dahwj1jisahrw2aq8_w_6gcp3_ayyhd3aaqzwrvl1https3a2f2fwwwschmidtfuturescom2f datalinkindex0 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankschmidt futuresap pseveral factors including credential requirements long review times ageism deter ai talent seeking support work ev use usual active approach supersimple application form quick turnaround time existing global network find credentialed uncredentialed talent world especially emerging economiesp pclick apply nowata relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom10ouw_jexuqoowil0zmpxnmekfangn2ofddoq7sqxwivjuwm15wbdyb3gcv10e5emvu2tvy3kpxw4dcjk4yekpdxxmkduutpqw6dro5mbbpek0nlsry9jih_qvl2p2aeu8uki4n65wj1ezqmroly_1qmpobmyfdlynwlujnbl_jcsadhmo413vifzoer0fwwhalnvn9stzthwrry7lol_sjwmltyxujhn6omhvezp30wfhz7r4jpwvbknxo7doay32n7j3jvs2rte25qwdx2ixhrahkaahy8_49lsh_b0ruwjqkauj6cwpxcikqsa_9l8n88ywjulzwfp0_4ilatzks3y5dffczlmwqdfftupjtang5rtw7dkpngov4u0cyojbogqmquflklgockbh5axtb_y3fuky6xcz9w3ldtrpkjzyxhe1koixek0zhttps3a2f2fwwwmercatusorg2femergentventures datalinkindex1 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankthe normal emergent ventures siteaand follow supersimple instructionsand note project relates ai answer questionnaire application deadline evai applicants encouraged apply quickly funds limitedp pthose unfamiliar emergent ventures learn morea relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom1qdk5fvfs6v9zepuorqst_vpb4e83wrqjlrrvxlen2vx1x8lpcn7o_vmoln9ziflvdwymums9wsko299gb0fb4i9cyqapakiqz_d61amtw8wp6w8wunl11n1m3ubchjbxsxvz08qa_9t2vdhyv0whyw_leufkabhbt6d0oewltenvtvgofeanqtfm65rmlwvv3ijpualeq1ptacsdisihtvcjewhphdoc3w0f3jxg0m5kbvfkoecg1qrp4qf9r7qhdpluvzdk1v6qzk9kvmmpnpfr9msol1slpaqlmnfnv8eqj8rvlhz_pvg_tpajhsfteiztft8mksnk32so6jvgvqq8dyc4fdtaaqpvermcnfaiwvmbwn4ofvenl4srivyll73fonk7jxa5rkex2hviw_jfncquyyrg3vdqejsamnjvzzncvwkznmsp7y6n4o9yh8wd8uiz2pghttps3a2f2fmarginalrevolutioncom2fmarginalrevolution2f20182f092femergentventuresnewprojecthelpfomentenlightenmenthtml datalinkindex2 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankhereaanda relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssecurewebciscocom10ouw_jexuqoowil0zmpxnmekfangn2ofddoq7sqxwivjuwm15wbdyb3gcv10e5emvu2tvy3kpxw4dcjk4yekpdxxmkduutpqw6dro5mbbpek0nlsry9jih_qvl2p2aeu8uki4n65wj1ezqmroly_1qmpobmyfdlynwlujnbl_jcsadhmo413vifzoer0fwwhalnvn9stzthwrry7lol_sjwmltyxujhn6omhvezp30wfhz7r4jpwvbknxo7doay32n7j3jvs2rte25qwdx2ixhrahkaahy8_49lsh_b0ruwjqkauj6cwpxcikqsa_9l8n88ywjulzwfp0_4ilatzks3y5dffczlmwqdfftupjtang5rtw7dkpngov4u0cyojbogqmquflklgockbh5axtb_y3fuky6xcz9w3ldtrpkjzyxhe1koixek0zhttps3a2f2fwwwmercatusorg2femergentventures datalinkindex3 dataauthnotapplicable target_blankherea relnoopener hrefhttpswwwmercatusorgfeaturesmercatuscenterannounceslaunchemergentventuresai target_blankthe announcementap pif interested supporting ai tranche emergent ventures write shruti rajagopalan ata relnoopener noreferrer hrefmailtosrajagopalanmercatusgmuedu datalinkindex4 dataauthnotapplicable target_blanksrajagopalanmercatusgmueduap pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204aiforemergentventureshtmlai emergent venturesa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

6252095d8d708a927a71b6e6

A ray of good news

pevery now and then this country and for that matter the aclu does the right thingp div div dataqaarticlebody blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcapletterthe american civil liberties union helped scuttle a bill this week that would have enabled the biden administration to liquidate russian oligarchs assets and turn the proceeds over to ukrainep blockquote div div dataqaarticlebody blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcapletteraclu officials told lawmakers tuesday that a relnoopener hrefhttpsmalinowskihousegovmediapressreleasesrepresentativemalinowskiandwilsonintroducebipartisanlegislationuse target_blankthe legislationa could run afoul of dueprocess protections in the us constitution because it does not allow its targets to challenge the governments actions in court according to two people familiar with the matter who spoke on the condition of anonymity to describe private talks aclu officials warned that the measure would probably be struck down by the judicial branch if enacted as proposed giving russia a potential propaganda victory over the united states the people saidp blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcapletterhere is a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomuspolicy20220408acluukrainerussiaoligarchs target_blankthe full articlea  shame on all of you who supported thisp div div pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204arayofgoodnewshtmla ray of good newsa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pevery country matter aclu right thingp div div dataqaarticlebody blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcapletterthe american civil liberties union helped scuttle bill week enabled biden administration liquidate russian oligarchs assets turn proceeds ukrainep blockquote div div dataqaarticlebody blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcapletteraclu officials told lawmakers tuesday relnoopener hrefhttpsmalinowskihousegovmediapressreleasesrepresentativemalinowskiandwilsonintroducebipartisanlegislationuse target_blankthe legislationa run afoul dueprocess protections constitution allow targets challenge governments actions court according people familiar matter spoke condition anonymity describe private talks aclu officials warned measure probably struck judicial branch enacted proposed giving russia potential propaganda victory united states people saidp blockquote p dataeltext dataqadropcapletterhere relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomuspolicy20220408acluukrainerussiaoligarchs target_blankthe articlea shame supported thisp div div pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204arayofgoodnewshtmla ray good newsa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

62535b35cf0dd51a69894392

The Competition for High-Skill Immigrants Intensifies

pthe uk has created a a hrefhttpswwweinorgukblogwhatyouneedknowaboutnewhighpotentialindividualvisaroutenew visa for high potential individualsa under the hpi visa any graduate from a top university as defined by in the top 50 of at least two of the following three ranking systems 1 times higher education world university rankings 2 quacquarelli symonds 3 the academic ranking of world universities will be allowed to stay in the uk for two ba ma or three years phd moreover a job or sponsor is not required and spouses and dependents are also includedp pthe us is slowlyvery slowlyworking towards something similar i wrote this a hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcombusinessarchive201112thenobrainerissueoftheyearlethighskillimmigrantsstay25021912 years ago ap blockquote pbehind door 1 are people of extraordinary ability scientists artists educators business people and athletes behind door 2 stand a random assortment of people which door should the united states openp pin 2010 the united states more often chose door 2 setting aside about 40000 visas for people of extraordinary ability and 55000 for people randomly chosen by lotteryp pits just one small example of our bizarre us policy toward highskill immigrants every year we allow approximately 140000 employment visas which cover people of extraordinary ability professionals with advanced degrees and other skilled workers the number is absurdly low for a country with a workforce of 150 million as a result it can be years even decades before a highskilled individual is granted a us visa moreover these 140000 visas must also cover the spouse and unmarried children of the highskilled worker so the actual number of highskilled workers admitted under these programs is less than half of the total perhaps most bizarrely there is a cap on the number of visas allowed per country regardless of population size how many visas are allocated to people of extraordinary ability from china a country of over 1 billion people exactly 2803 the same number as are allocated to greenlandp blockquote pthe above mostly still holds today the us competes act which has passed the house however would create a hrefhttpswwwworldwideercorgnewspublicpolicyhousepassescompetesactwithimmigrationprovisionsmore visas for highskill immigrantsap blockquotepthe bill also exempts foreign nationals with a phd in science technology engineering or mathematics stem from the us or foreign equivalent university or college and their family members annual green card limit caps the language would also add health professions and those in a critical industry to the national or economic security of the us to the definition of a phd in stem for purposes of the exemptionpblockquote pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204thecompetitionforhighskillimmigrantsintensifieshtmlthe competition for highskill immigrants intensifiesa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pthe uk created hrefhttpswwweinorgukblogwhatyouneedknowaboutnewhighpotentialindividualvisaroutenew visa high potential individualsa hpi visa graduate university defined 50 following ranking systems 1 times higher education world university rankings 2 quacquarelli symonds 3 academic ranking world universities allowed stay uk ba ma years phd job sponsor required spouses dependents includedp pthe slowlyvery slowlyworking similar wrote hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcombusinessarchive201112thenobrainerissueoftheyearlethighskillimmigrantsstay25021912 years ago ap blockquote pbehind door 1 people extraordinary ability scientists artists educators business people athletes door 2 stand random assortment people door united states openp pin 2010 united states chose door 2 setting aside 40000 visas people extraordinary ability 55000 people randomly chosen lotteryp pits small example bizarre policy highskill immigrants year allow approximately 140000 employment visas cover people extraordinary ability professionals advanced degrees skilled workers number absurdly low country workforce 150 million result years decades highskilled individual granted visa 140000 visas cover spouse unmarried children highskilled worker actual number highskilled workers admitted programs half total bizarrely cap number visas allowed country regardless population size visas allocated people extraordinary ability china country 1 billion people exactly 2803 number allocated greenlandp blockquote pthe holds today competes act passed house create hrefhttpswwwworldwideercorgnewspublicpolicyhousepassescompetesactwithimmigrationprovisionsmore visas highskill immigrantsap blockquotepthe bill exempts foreign nationals phd science technology engineering mathematics stem foreign equivalent university college family members annual green card limit caps language add health professions critical industry national economic security definition phd stem purposes exemptionpblockquote pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204thecompetitionforhighskillimmigrantsintensifieshtmlthe competition highskill immigrants intensifiesa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

62535bb3cf0dd51a698943a6

The Costs and Benefits of Tribalism—A Roundtable

img altthe costs and benefits of tribalisma roundtable srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204gettyimages961448380jpgpppemeditors notebrbrquillette asked four scholars to reflect and comment on the costs and benefits of tribalism they each have a background in academic psychology and include chris ferguson professor of psychology at stetson university cory clark behavioural scientist bo winegard essayist and phd in social psychology and allen buchanan professor at university of arizona and author of a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomevolutionmoralprogressbioculturaltheoryebookdpb07c77lbybthe evolution of moral progress a biocultural theorya coauthored with russell powell and a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomourmoralfateevolutiontribalismdp0262043742our moral fate evolution and the escape from tribalismabrbrwhat follows is a discussion of the human tendency to form groups and how this tendency produces both great achievements as well as extreme danger if you would like to continue this discussion please email your submission to pitchquillettecom emppstrongi tribalism is ineradicablestrongbrbremchris ferguson is a professor of psychology at stetson university and author ofem a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomhowmadnessshapedhistorynarcissistsdp1633885747refsr_1_1crid22eh5zyjzmadekeywordshowmadnessshapedhistoryqid1648216661sprefixhowmadnessshapedhistoryaps174sr81how madness shaped historyaemem a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomgpproductb01n76vrlmrefdbs_a_def_rwt_bibl_vppi_i0moral combat why the war on violent video games is wrongaemem emandem a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomgpproductb00g8hwx0erefdbs_a_def_rwt_bibl_vppi_i3suicide kingsaem you can follow him on twitter a hrefhttpstwittercomcjferguson1111cjferguson1111aempplooking at contemporary politics and culture in the west it seems evident that tribalism is bad it turns neighbor against neighbor it results in discourse that is shrill and sanctimonious it reduces bipartisan problemsolving and it thwarts free speech and due process but if were to understand how tribalism is hurting us in the modern era we must understand the advantages it conferred in our evolutionary pastpphuman tribalism dates back to when small groups of hominids were the norm ending with the advent of complex societies a few thousand years ago what a hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticlepiis1359178907000377casa_token6lrhjsngpuaaaaaaxiwwmgtxyfkhds3ty0ql0lzrerzglffov2aburaxs2spwypy2yn6moziqtr5fgsnofn8ibhxkevidencea we a hrefhttpswwwnaturecomarticlesnature16477havea suggests that violence among early humans was high indeed the reductions in violence we have experienced in modern industrialized societies are likely the result of efficient policing so long as it is not corrupt and procedurally fair chimpanzees our closest genetic relative experience high rates of both a hrefhttpslinkspringercomarticle101007s1032900501401intra and intergroupa a hrefhttpslinkspringercomarticle101023bijop00000235743821992violencea suggesting that these behavioral traits can be traced back to a common ancestor millions of years ago as with humans chimpanzee violence appears to be related to statusseeking particularly among males and to competition for resources and territory between groupsppin such an environment adherence to ones own group norms and beliefs and suspicion of those adhered to by other tribes was an evolutionary advantage with the development of static agricultural societies these tribes became larger and this state of affairs persisted until the latter half of the 20th century when an emphasis on globalization emerged after the cold war nonetheless suspicion of strangers and a preference for familiarity the tribe was a behavioral advantage for most of human evolutionppthe disadvantages of tribalism in the modern industrial world are not difficult to identify tribalism can lead to brutal wars of conquest unnecessary wars caused by mutual suspicion racism and ethnocentrism as well as disregard for different social classes at our moral best we strive to rise above the tribalism of our evolutionary past and embrace universalisman understanding that we are one big tribe and that by working together in the interests of humankind we can achieve far more than working against one anotherppunfortunately the dominant threads of recent politics are inherently tribal on the farright politicians too often lean into racism and xenophobia nationalism and violence they characterize their political rivals as quasicommunists or outoftouch elitist globalists this can stoke the kind of intranational paranoia that led to events such as the january 6th 2021 riot at the us capitol we even see some pundits on the farright express admiration for dictatorial autocrats such as vladimir putin because he is a nationalist who shares their hostility to globalismppyet the farleft indulges the same tribal instincts rather than embrace universalism they embrace the particularism and identitarianism of fashionable ideologies like intersectionality to create a hierarchy of good and evil based on perceptions of victimhood the farleft has adopted a myopic and privileged obsession with the alleged wickedness of the west that admits no acknowledgement of its achievements or progress and like the farright they have turned away from free speech and due processppthe problem with both of these dominant ideologies is similar both promote rather than discourage tribalism by dividing citizens into warring camps though often couched in moralizing language popular with their core audience both worldviews are aggressively discriminatory racist classist and ethnocentric neither side is especially interested in core values unless they are expedient and each is often guilty of precisely the sins of which they accuse the other ppboth ideologies foster tribalism among groups rather than encouraging them to see themselves as members of the same tribe albeit with differing ideas on policy or politics tribalism when calibrated toward actual inclusivity not the false kind sloganeered by the farleft can be positive and produce worthwhile outcomes tackling real challenges facing the group but pitting citizens against each other on the basis of race class gender or political affiliation creates internecine conflict the only victors of which are those who profit from fear and hatredppnevertheless the prevalence of manichean narratives in literature the arts roleplayinggames and so on indicates that tribalism is here to stay so how are we to harness tribalism toward the goodppwe can each take small steps to disengage from ruinous and fruitless political fights and shun pundits and politicians who portray their opponents as evil we should clarify that all citizens of our nation and perhaps one day the human species are on the same team and must work together to combat common threats such as climate change poverty or mental health crises ppwe also need to recalibrate our teaching of history so that we recognize the failings of our past while also recognizing the remarkable progress which has brought historically unprecedented levels of democracy humanism and social progress to the world the jingoism of the past has been overcorrected with nihilism in the present and neither view provides an honest assessment of our history we can understand past failings while taking pride in our exceptional successes  pptribalism is here to stay but harnessed cleverly it can be directed toward prosocial goals rather than turned inward against ourselvesphrpstrongii tribalism is a doubleedged swordstrongppemcory clark is director of the adversarial collaboration project and a behavioral scientist at university of pennsylvania you can follow her on twitter a hrefhttpstwittercomimhardcoryimhardcoryaempptribalismor the a hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetpublication333673884_tribalism_is_human_naturenatural human tendencya to distinguish ingroup from outgroup and give preferential treatment to the formercontributes to some of our most destructive and regressive human behaviors many of the worst atrocities in human history can be attributed in part to tribalism violent conflicts between groups can lead to both sides a hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoipdf1011771088868312440048feeling victimizeda and therefore justified in escalating mutually ruinous violenceppthose of us who have never directly experienced violent intergroup conflict still display a variety of groupbased biases and double standards people support a hrefhttpsonlinelibrarywileycomdoipdf101111j14679221201200926xrights and freedomsa more for ingroup members than outgroup members we are less a hrefhttpswwwcambridgeorgcorejournalsjournalofexperimentalpoliticalsciencearticleabstribalisminamericabehavioralexperimentsonaffectivepolarizationinthetrumpera9587f190ade5c838f709fcf460bfcb98trusting and cooperativea toward outgroup than ingroup members we hold our ingroups and outgroups to different a hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetpublication318842505_political_differences_in_free_will_belief_are_associated_with_differences_in_moralizationmorala a hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticlepiis0022103120304388casa_tokentngrtdpyccgaaaaavi5ztm8lezatcj_ir5qyoj0kxauxe3dxw8wxk1pw9tx3yvvzka3jf_fixttqcnskr5ggylgrqstandardsa we aim to a hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticleabspiis0022103119302173conceala the bad behavior of ingroup members we overestimate how a hrefhttpswwwjournalsuchicagoedudoipdfplus101086697253homogeneous and extremea outgroups members are and a hrefhttpsonlinelibrarywileycomdoipdfdirect101002poi3247denigratea them because people desire reliable signals of group loyalty they often gravitate toward a hrefhttpspsyarxivcomb9645extremistsa at the expense of their more moderate and often more a hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetprofileleorzmigrod2publication334984865_the_partisan_mind_is_extreme_political_partisanship_related_to_cognitive_inflexibilitylinks5df510a892851c83647e70e7thepartisanmindisextremepoliticalpartisanshiprelatedtocognitiveinflexibilitypdflevelheadeda peers increasing polarization and giving more social power to the most rigid and intolerant among uspptribalism can also undermine sound reasoning as people skillfully a hrefhttpsacademicoupcomjocarticleabstract6035564098564avoid informationa that could challenge their ingroup beliefs and axioms and hold a hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetprofilebrittanyliupublication322755184_motivated_reasoning_and_ideology_a_metaanalysis_of_liberals27_and_conservatives27_bias_in_political_contextslinks5da49a3992851c6b4bd6a061motivatedreasoningandideologyametaanalysisofliberalsandconservativesbiasinpoliticalcontextspdfepistemic double standardsa in their evaluations of new information identity interests among a hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetprofilecoryclark2publication338754119_tribalism_in_war_and_peace_the_nature_and_evolution_of_ideological_epistemology_and_its_significance_for_modern_social_sciencelinks5e668c2592851c7ce0551832tribalisminwarandpeacethenatureandevolutionofideologicalepistemologyanditssignificanceformodernsocialsciencepdfscientistsa contribute to the proliferation of a hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetprofilecoryclark2publication356944598_keep_your_enemies_close_adversarial_collaborations_will_improve_behavioral_sciencelinks6205332b634ff774f4c0b076keepyourenemiescloseadversarialcollaborationswillimprovebehavioralsciencepdfcontradictory conclusionsa these disagreements often devolve into uncivil and unproductive debates in the scientific literature in which our most educated intellectuals make moral accusations rather than working to understand why disagreements persist and to resolve disputes policymakers then struggle to navigate the complex evidence wasting valuable time and resources on failed interventions and contradictions fuel disagreements among journalists and politicians further dividing society as different groups arrive at divergent views of empirical realityppthis all sounds bad but tribalism and tribalistic tendencies such as loyalty and conformity may be essential for facilitating cooperation and coordination in large and complex social groups comprising unrelated strangers groups which share languages norms values goals and beliefs can more a hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticlepiis0376635717303273effectively coordinatea to the benefit of all group members and signaling these characteristics to others helps individuals sort into cooperative and productive groups identification with an ingroup can facilitate cooperation within that group and creating a a hrefhttpswwwtandfonlinecomdoiabs10108014792779343000004common ingroup identitya between groups may reduce intergroup conflictppmany collective activities of shared identity inspire awe and elationthe holiday seasons when community members decorate their homes and sing familiar songs collective chanting in religious groups or cheering at sporting events a hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvhdnob6tnhsiflash mobsa the time 65000 green day fans sang a hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvcznbnuqqz5gbohemian rhapsodya in unison or a hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvmhsahrd4q48canadian hockey fansa sang the us national anthem in a charming display of outgroup cooperation such experiences can create a profound sense of a hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoipdf1011770146167213499186meaninga and a hrefhttpsacademicoupcomjocarticle6823804958960logintruetranscendencea that inspires a hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoiabs1011771754073916684557prosocialitya and selfsacrifice tribalism thus creates some of the most elevated and significant feelings people can experience and these positive feelings can result in altruistic acts that further benefit fellow group memberspptribalism brings out the best and worst in humans we may want to discourage it in contexts where there are risks of intergroup conflict and encourage it in contexts where it facilitates ingroup or intergroup cooperation the challenges are to accurately distinguish these contexts and to discover effective interventions for channeling tribalism for collective benefit rather than mutual destructionphrpstrongiii tribalism is a net goodstrongppembo winegard is an essayist and holds a phd in social psychology you can follow him on twitter a hrefhttpstwittercomepoe187epoe187aemppmany intellectuals worry about the potential mismatch between a brain designed for interaction among a few hundred relatively homogenous people and modern societies which are full of cultural and racial diversity they therefore condemn tribalism for contributing to many contemporary ailments from bigotry and racism to dogmatism and ideological biases these concerns are not unreasonable for tribalism can be a force for great evil but so can love so can hope so can optimism and we do not condemn these things simply because they can in certain contexts lead to harm or even catastrophe just as the terrible crimes of wounded or jealous lovers should not lead to a blanket condemnation of love nor should the crimes of bigoted or rapacious tribes lead to a wholesale rejection of tribalism brbron balance we should applaud tribalism not condemn it it is the solution to a fundamental dilemma faced by any social animal how to distinguish cooperators from exploiters at bottom tribalism is simply a division of the social world into ingroup and outgroup with a concomitant preference for the ingroup we tend when we discuss tribalism to think of potentially pernicious instances countries battling for prestige gangs fighting for territory political ideologues promoting hatred of opponents but there are many wholesome and even inspiring instances of tribalism church communities working together to feed the poor husbands and wives doting on each other cousins helping each other through financial hardships and without the tendency to make this distinction between ingroup and outgroup human sociality could not arise brbrcooperation is perilous because others can always cheat steal and manipulate imagine for example that three people start a business together each has full access to all the companys resources even though all three want the company to succeed it is also in everyones interest to skim a little although this is a constant threat tribalism is a partial solution those who cheat and exploit are chastised or worse and become part of an untrustworthy outgroupwe no longer preferentially cooperate with themwhile those who cooperate become part of the trustworthy ingroupbrbrhumans without tribal propensities would be endlessly exploited they would have no preferences or loyalty for family or community or political coalition and would therefore not distinguish between allies and potential rivals a kind of universal love may sound appealing but like communism or other utopian ideas it is either empty rhetoric or a dangerous delusion and though a person who practiced it might in the abstract appear admirable he would be a terrible social partner since good social partners good husbands good brothers good parents good friends good political allies are reliable precisely because they are not impartial with their love affection time and energyem emsocial partners are dependable because they are tribal brbrtherefore our social lives are part of an expanding set of tribes nuclear family extended family local community country religious group emet ceteraem these not only facilitate cooperation and protection from exploitation but they also create meaning and identity they shape our characters they guide our behaviors and they generate a web of obligations and expectations brbran opponent of tribalism might concede most of the above but note that although tribalism wasem emonce important for human sociality it is unnecessary and unhelpful today like a vestigial organ that causes more problems than it is worth we solve the problem posed by the business example i offered above with the criminal justice system we therefore do not need to rely on parochial preferences or nepotism instead we can cooperate with complete strangers because we have impartial rules and procedures according to some scholars the wests unique power and prosperity are largely a result of transcending tribalism of eschewing the localism of blood and soil and expanding sociality by relying upon more abstract principles of reciprocity and fairness brbrthis is largely correct but its important to draw the correct lesson tribalism as noted earlier can be harmful and not all forms of tribalism are healthy social groups that are highly nepotistic clannish and skeptical of strangers are limited they struggle to build and maintain impartial institutions some of the great achievements of the west did in fact require transcending certainem emkinds of tribalism and relaxing other kinds but they did not require the eradication ofem emtribalism altogether one important feature for example of western tribalism is that much of it is voluntary people are free to choose their tribal affiliations for example their spouse community religious group political party but once they choose they are still tribal they still prefer their spouses company to that of a stranger or they had better brbrperhaps instead of comparing tribalism to a wasteful vestigial organ we should compare it to jealousy jealousy like tribalism is often assailed on the basis that it is pointless and dangerousa sign of insecurity and immaturity but in fact jealousy is an important emotion it points the mind to potential threats to a relationship a person without jealousy would also be vulnerable to exploitation and romantic partners might stray we may lament the deleterious effects of jealousy but a fair hearing must also consider its positives in the real worlda world that is dangerous and full of potential exploiterswe need to be vigilant about our relationships we need to be jealous brbrthis comparison is slightly unfair to tribalism because jealousy has fewer obvious positive effects than tribalism does however it does illustrate an important point when we assess something we must consider its costs and benefits in the real worldem emnot in a hypothetical world in a different world i might support the abolition of the police since the costs of police corruption are obvious but in this worlda world in which some humans are violent and impulsive and most are largely selfinterestedi not only oppose the abolition of the police but also consider professionalized policing one of the great achievements of civilization reality matters and in the real world there are simply no viable alternatives to tribalism brbrtribalism can be vexing and even deadly it can bias and blind and promote destructive competition that ends in violence but it also creates meaning and identity and helps to solve one of the fundamental challenges of cooperation the opposite of tribalism is not universal love it is perpetual solitude phrpstrongiv tribalism could cause the end of democracystrongppemallen buchanan is a professor at university of arizona and author of 15 books including most recently ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomevolutionmoralprogressbioculturaltheoryebookdpb07c77lbybthe evolution of moral progress a biocultural theoryaem coauthored with russell powell and ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomourmoralfateevolutiontribalismdp0262043742our moral fate evolution and the escape from tribalismaememppthe term tribalism is used by different people to mean quite different things sometimes it simply refers to the human tendency to divide the social world into ingroupoutgroup categories in what follows i am using the term in a more specific fashion to refer to a particularly destructive form that the division into us and them can take tribalism flourishes when there is a pervasive perception that democracy is not working and by undermining democracy it makes that perception valid the terms tribalism and polarization are often used as if they were synonyms they are not tribalism is not only distinct from polarization it is also much more dangerous polarization refers to a situation in which there are serious disagreements on social and political issues and the distance between positions is growing tribalism refers to the way in which those who disagree regard one anotherppyou and i might have serious differences on some issue but we might still respect each other listen to one another and be willing to bargain and compromise despite our disagreement i might take what you say at face value give you the benefit of the assumption that you are sincere and even entertain the possibility that i might learn something by taking what you say seriouslypptribalism isnt like that when you are in the tribalistic mode you not only disagreeyou denigrate despise and even demonize those with whom you disagree further you do not see someone who disagrees with you as an individual you see them as an enemy unworthy of respect and even of the presumption of rationalityppif you are tribalistic you lump all opponents together regarding them as alike and you believe they are either incorrigibly stupid and misinformed or irredeemably corrupt and perhaps even evil in this way tribalism dehumanizes the outgroup insofar as it regards them as the sorts of beings with whom one cannot reason after all the ability to reason is usually thought to be a hallmark of humanity something that distinguishes us from other creatures when one is in the tribalistic mode one focuses on the supposed character of the speaker not on what he or she is saying in that sense every tribalistic argument is an emad hominemem argumentppthe term libtard for example popular in american conservative discourse implies that liberals are so mentally deficient that there is no point in listening to or reasoning with them the late rush limbaughem emrepeatedly claimed that liberalsall liberalsdidnt really want open borders because they were concerned about the welfare of immigrants instead he said they wanted open borders because they believe that most immigrants would vote democratic dismissing the message by discrediting the messenger is a convenient means of avoiding engagement with the arguments for and against modifying border policyppon the left meanwhile student activists sometimes prevent certain individuals from speaking on campus they either threaten violence or disruption that could result in violence prompting the administration to cancel the event if the event proceeds they may try to shout down the speaker they might justify their infringement of freedom of speech on the grounds that the speaker is racist or sexist with the implication that if one allows a racist or sexist to speak in a public forum they will contribute to perpetuating the harms of racism and sexismpptypically such actions are not preceded by anything resembling a serious discussion of whether the speaker is indeed a racist or a sexist or whether the fact that someone is a racist or a sexist is a sufficient reason for preventing him from speaking in public instead once the label racist or sexist is attached the individual in question is excluded from public discourse assumed to be unfit to participate in the processes by which people come to form beliefs this is simply another way of avoiding engagement with a persons views by attacking the person not as an individual but as a completely interchangeable member of a groupppthe first fundamental feature of tribalism then is sorting dividing the word into us and them in which they are unworthy of rational engagement because they are either so mentally deficient or insincere or ideologically malign as to make rational engagement impossibleppa second intimately related feature of tribalism is signalling this works in two ways on one hand it is a matter of taking what someone says or how they behave as a reliable signal or indicator that they are not one of us but rather one of them thus sorting that person into the category of those with whom one cannot engage rationally on the other ones assertions are shaped chiefly by the deeply felt need to signal that one is a member of the good group us not one of themppfor example on the eve of the 2020 election i heard several conservative acquaintances say that if biden wins he will make america a communist country when a person makes such an absurd claim it is prudent to regard that statement as a signal that the speaker is a conservative and most likely a trump supporter but it is more than that it is a signal that serves to test the hearer in such a way as to enable the speaker to sort the hearer to determine by reference to her response to the statement whether the hearer is one of us or one of them by making the statement the speaker is in effect hoisting a flag an emblem of allegiance to his group if the hearer salutes the flag agrees with the statement then he is one of us if he does not he is most likely one of themppa third essential feature of tribalism is the tendency to view every conflict as a supreme emergencya contest in which the stakes are as high as possible hence the title of sean hannitys latest book emamerica on the brink live free or dieem further because all significant political issues are held to be interconnected every issue is treated as the locus of a lifeordeath struggle in that sense tribalism is totalizing every bit of behavior and every utterance is likely to be treated as political from the car you drive to whether or not you wear a mask during a pandemic ppthe lifeordeath struggle is not containedit is everywhere if you think you are trapped in a zerosum existential battle there is no room for compromise no possibility of bargaining because our interest and values and theirs are unreconcilableem emfurther if one assumes that the situation is a supreme emergency one will be inclined to think that the ordinary moral rules do not apply the result is a race to the bottomppa final feature of tribalism bears emphasis it is the archenemy of individuality in two senses first given the assumption of a supreme emergency a zerosum lifeordeath contest in which all issues are connected there is tremendous pressure for conformity to what one perceives as the ingroups views any deviation may be taken as a signal of disloyalty and put one at risk of expulsion second tribalistic sorting is indiscriminate all liberals or all conservatives are perceived as alike hence there is no point in engaging with any of them in hope that they might share some common ground with uspptaken together these features of tribalism make it the enemy of democracy democracy requires bargaining and compromise both of which require listening to those with whom one disagrees proceeding on the presumption that they mean what they say and that they are beings with whom one can reason tribalism is about sorting and signalling not about rational engagementp

img altthe costs benefits tribalisma roundtable srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204gettyimages961448380jpgpppemeditors notebrbrquillette asked scholars reflect comment costs benefits tribalism background academic psychology include chris ferguson professor psychology stetson university cory clark behavioural scientist bo winegard essayist phd social psychology allen buchanan professor university arizona author hrefhttpswwwamazoncomevolutionmoralprogressbioculturaltheoryebookdpb07c77lbybthe evolution moral progress biocultural theorya coauthored russell powell hrefhttpswwwamazoncomourmoralfateevolutiontribalismdp0262043742our moral fate evolution escape tribalismabrbrwhat follows discussion human tendency form groups tendency produces great achievements extreme danger like continue discussion email submission pitchquillettecom emppstrongi tribalism ineradicablestrongbrbremchris ferguson professor psychology stetson university author ofem hrefhttpswwwamazoncomhowmadnessshapedhistorynarcissistsdp1633885747refsr_1_1crid22eh5zyjzmadekeywordshowmadnessshapedhistoryqid1648216661sprefixhowmadnessshapedhistoryaps174sr81how madness shaped historyaemem hrefhttpswwwamazoncomgpproductb01n76vrlmrefdbs_a_def_rwt_bibl_vppi_i0moral combat war violent video games wrongaemem emandem hrefhttpswwwamazoncomgpproductb00g8hwx0erefdbs_a_def_rwt_bibl_vppi_i3suicide kingsaem follow twitter hrefhttpstwittercomcjferguson1111cjferguson1111aempplooking contemporary politics culture west evident tribalism bad turns neighbor neighbor results discourse shrill sanctimonious reduces bipartisan problemsolving thwarts free speech process understand tribalism hurting modern era understand advantages conferred evolutionary pastpphuman tribalism dates small groups hominids norm ending advent complex societies thousand years ago hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticlepiis1359178907000377casa_token6lrhjsngpuaaaaaaxiwwmgtxyfkhds3ty0ql0lzrerzglffov2aburaxs2spwypy2yn6moziqtr5fgsnofn8ibhxkevidencea hrefhttpswwwnaturecomarticlesnature16477havea suggests violence early humans high reductions violence experienced modern industrialized societies likely result efficient policing long corrupt procedurally fair chimpanzees closest genetic relative experience high rates hrefhttpslinkspringercomarticle101007s1032900501401intra intergroupa hrefhttpslinkspringercomarticle101023bijop00000235743821992violencea suggesting behavioral traits traced common ancestor millions years ago humans chimpanzee violence appears related statusseeking particularly males competition resources territory groupsppin environment adherence ones group norms beliefs suspicion adhered tribes evolutionary advantage development static agricultural societies tribes larger state affairs persisted half 20th century emphasis globalization emerged cold war nonetheless suspicion strangers preference familiarity tribe behavioral advantage human evolutionppthe disadvantages tribalism modern industrial world difficult identify tribalism lead brutal wars conquest unnecessary wars caused mutual suspicion racism ethnocentrism disregard different social classes moral best strive rise tribalism evolutionary past embrace universalisman understanding big tribe working interests humankind achieve far working anotherppunfortunately dominant threads recent politics inherently tribal farright politicians lean racism xenophobia nationalism violence characterize political rivals quasicommunists outoftouch elitist globalists stoke kind intranational paranoia led events january 6th 2021 riot capitol pundits farright express admiration dictatorial autocrats vladimir putin nationalist shares hostility globalismppyet farleft indulges tribal instincts embrace universalism embrace particularism identitarianism fashionable ideologies like intersectionality create hierarchy good evil based perceptions victimhood farleft adopted myopic privileged obsession alleged wickedness west admits acknowledgement achievements progress like farright turned away free speech processppthe problem dominant ideologies similar promote discourage tribalism dividing citizens warring camps couched moralizing language popular core audience worldviews aggressively discriminatory racist classist ethnocentric especially interested core values expedient guilty precisely sins accuse ppboth ideologies foster tribalism groups encouraging members tribe albeit differing ideas policy politics tribalism calibrated actual inclusivity false kind sloganeered farleft positive produce worthwhile outcomes tackling real challenges facing group pitting citizens basis race class gender political affiliation creates internecine conflict victors profit fear hatredppnevertheless prevalence manichean narratives literature arts roleplayinggames indicates tribalism stay harness tribalism goodppwe small steps disengage ruinous fruitless political fights shun pundits politicians portray opponents evil clarify citizens nation day human species team work combat common threats climate change poverty mental health crises ppwe need recalibrate teaching history recognize failings past recognizing remarkable progress brought historically unprecedented levels democracy humanism social progress world jingoism past overcorrected nihilism present view provides honest assessment history understand past failings taking pride exceptional successes pptribalism stay harnessed cleverly directed prosocial goals turned inward ourselvesphrpstrongii tribalism doubleedged swordstrongppemcory clark director adversarial collaboration project behavioral scientist university pennsylvania follow twitter hrefhttpstwittercomimhardcoryimhardcoryaempptribalismor hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetpublication333673884_tribalism_is_human_naturenatural human tendencya distinguish ingroup outgroup preferential treatment formercontributes destructive regressive human behaviors worst atrocities human history attributed tribalism violent conflicts groups lead sides hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoipdf1011771088868312440048feeling victimizeda justified escalating mutually ruinous violenceppthose directly experienced violent intergroup conflict display variety groupbased biases double standards people support hrefhttpsonlinelibrarywileycomdoipdf101111j14679221201200926xrights freedomsa ingroup members outgroup members hrefhttpswwwcambridgeorgcorejournalsjournalofexperimentalpoliticalsciencearticleabstribalisminamericabehavioralexperimentsonaffectivepolarizationinthetrumpera9587f190ade5c838f709fcf460bfcb98trusting cooperativea outgroup ingroup members hold ingroups outgroups different hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetpublication318842505_political_differences_in_free_will_belief_are_associated_with_differences_in_moralizationmorala hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticlepiis0022103120304388casa_tokentngrtdpyccgaaaaavi5ztm8lezatcj_ir5qyoj0kxauxe3dxw8wxk1pw9tx3yvvzka3jf_fixttqcnskr5ggylgrqstandardsa aim hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticleabspiis0022103119302173conceala bad behavior ingroup members overestimate hrefhttpswwwjournalsuchicagoedudoipdfplus101086697253homogeneous extremea outgroups members hrefhttpsonlinelibrarywileycomdoipdfdirect101002poi3247denigratea people desire reliable signals group loyalty gravitate hrefhttpspsyarxivcomb9645extremistsa expense moderate hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetprofileleorzmigrod2publication334984865_the_partisan_mind_is_extreme_political_partisanship_related_to_cognitive_inflexibilitylinks5df510a892851c83647e70e7thepartisanmindisextremepoliticalpartisanshiprelatedtocognitiveinflexibilitypdflevelheadeda peers increasing polarization giving social power rigid intolerant uspptribalism undermine sound reasoning people skillfully hrefhttpsacademicoupcomjocarticleabstract6035564098564avoid informationa challenge ingroup beliefs axioms hold hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetprofilebrittanyliupublication322755184_motivated_reasoning_and_ideology_a_metaanalysis_of_liberals27_and_conservatives27_bias_in_political_contextslinks5da49a3992851c6b4bd6a061motivatedreasoningandideologyametaanalysisofliberalsandconservativesbiasinpoliticalcontextspdfepistemic double standardsa evaluations new information identity interests hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetprofilecoryclark2publication338754119_tribalism_in_war_and_peace_the_nature_and_evolution_of_ideological_epistemology_and_its_significance_for_modern_social_sciencelinks5e668c2592851c7ce0551832tribalisminwarandpeacethenatureandevolutionofideologicalepistemologyanditssignificanceformodernsocialsciencepdfscientistsa contribute proliferation hrefhttpswwwresearchgatenetprofilecoryclark2publication356944598_keep_your_enemies_close_adversarial_collaborations_will_improve_behavioral_sciencelinks6205332b634ff774f4c0b076keepyourenemiescloseadversarialcollaborationswillimprovebehavioralsciencepdfcontradictory conclusionsa disagreements devolve uncivil unproductive debates scientific literature educated intellectuals moral accusations working understand disagreements persist resolve disputes policymakers struggle navigate complex evidence wasting valuable time resources failed interventions contradictions fuel disagreements journalists politicians dividing society different groups arrive divergent views empirical realityppthis sounds bad tribalism tribalistic tendencies loyalty conformity essential facilitating cooperation coordination large complex social groups comprising unrelated strangers groups share languages norms values goals beliefs hrefhttpswwwsciencedirectcomsciencearticlepiis0376635717303273effectively coordinatea benefit group members signaling characteristics helps individuals sort cooperative productive groups identification ingroup facilitate cooperation group creating hrefhttpswwwtandfonlinecomdoiabs10108014792779343000004common ingroup identitya groups reduce intergroup conflictppmany collective activities shared identity inspire awe elationthe holiday seasons community members decorate homes sing familiar songs collective chanting religious groups cheering sporting events hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvhdnob6tnhsiflash mobsa time 65000 green day fans sang hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvcznbnuqqz5gbohemian rhapsodya unison hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvmhsahrd4q48canadian hockey fansa sang national anthem charming display outgroup cooperation experiences create profound sense hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoipdf1011770146167213499186meaninga hrefhttpsacademicoupcomjocarticle6823804958960logintruetranscendencea inspires hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoiabs1011771754073916684557prosocialitya selfsacrifice tribalism creates elevated significant feelings people experience positive feelings result altruistic acts benefit fellow group memberspptribalism brings best worst humans want discourage contexts risks intergroup conflict encourage contexts facilitates ingroup intergroup cooperation challenges accurately distinguish contexts discover effective interventions channeling tribalism collective benefit mutual destructionphrpstrongiii tribalism net goodstrongppembo winegard essayist holds phd social psychology follow twitter hrefhttpstwittercomepoe187epoe187aemppmany intellectuals worry potential mismatch brain designed interaction relatively homogenous people modern societies cultural racial diversity condemn tribalism contributing contemporary ailments bigotry racism dogmatism ideological biases concerns unreasonable tribalism force great evil love hope optimism condemn things simply certain contexts lead harm catastrophe terrible crimes wounded jealous lovers lead blanket condemnation love crimes bigoted rapacious tribes lead wholesale rejection tribalism brbron balance applaud tribalism condemn solution fundamental dilemma faced social animal distinguish cooperators exploiters tribalism simply division social world ingroup outgroup concomitant preference ingroup tend discuss tribalism think potentially pernicious instances countries battling prestige gangs fighting territory political ideologues promoting hatred opponents wholesome inspiring instances tribalism church communities working feed poor husbands wives doting cousins helping financial hardships tendency distinction ingroup outgroup human sociality arise brbrcooperation perilous cheat steal manipulate imagine example people start business access companys resources want company succeed everyones interest skim little constant threat tribalism partial solution cheat exploit chastised worse untrustworthy outgroupwe longer preferentially cooperate themwhile cooperate trustworthy ingroupbrbrhumans tribal propensities endlessly exploited preferences loyalty family community political coalition distinguish allies potential rivals kind universal love sound appealing like communism utopian ideas rhetoric dangerous delusion person practiced abstract appear admirable terrible social partner good social partners good husbands good brothers good parents good friends good political allies reliable precisely impartial love affection time energyem emsocial partners dependable tribal brbrtherefore social lives expanding set tribes nuclear family extended family local community country religious group emet ceteraem facilitate cooperation protection exploitation create meaning identity shape characters guide behaviors generate web obligations expectations brbran opponent tribalism concede note tribalism wasem emonce important human sociality unnecessary unhelpful today like vestigial organ causes problems worth solve problem posed business example offered criminal justice system need rely parochial preferences nepotism instead cooperate complete strangers impartial rules procedures according scholars wests unique power prosperity largely result transcending tribalism eschewing localism blood soil expanding sociality relying abstract principles reciprocity fairness brbrthis largely correct important draw correct lesson tribalism noted earlier harmful forms tribalism healthy social groups highly nepotistic clannish skeptical strangers limited struggle build maintain impartial institutions great achievements west fact require transcending certainem emkinds tribalism relaxing kinds require eradication ofem emtribalism altogether important feature example western tribalism voluntary people free choose tribal affiliations example spouse community religious group political party choose tribal prefer spouses company stranger better brbrperhaps instead comparing tribalism wasteful vestigial organ compare jealousy jealousy like tribalism assailed basis pointless dangerousa sign insecurity immaturity fact jealousy important emotion points mind potential threats relationship person jealousy vulnerable exploitation romantic partners stray lament deleterious effects jealousy fair hearing consider positives real worlda world dangerous potential exploiterswe need vigilant relationships need jealous brbrthis comparison slightly unfair tribalism jealousy fewer obvious positive effects tribalism illustrate important point assess consider costs benefits real worldem emnot hypothetical world different world support abolition police costs police corruption obvious worlda world humans violent impulsive largely selfinterestedi oppose abolition police consider professionalized policing great achievements civilization reality matters real world simply viable alternatives tribalism brbrtribalism vexing deadly bias blind promote destructive competition ends violence creates meaning identity helps solve fundamental challenges cooperation opposite tribalism universal love perpetual solitude phrpstrongiv tribalism cause end democracystrongppemallen buchanan professor university arizona author 15 books including recently ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomevolutionmoralprogressbioculturaltheoryebookdpb07c77lbybthe evolution moral progress biocultural theoryaem coauthored russell powell ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomourmoralfateevolutiontribalismdp0262043742our moral fate evolution escape tribalismaememppthe term tribalism different people mean different things simply refers human tendency divide social world ingroupoutgroup categories follows term specific fashion refer particularly destructive form division tribalism flourishes pervasive perception democracy working undermining democracy makes perception valid terms tribalism polarization synonyms tribalism distinct polarization dangerous polarization refers situation disagreements social political issues distance positions growing tribalism refers way disagree regard anotherppyou differences issue respect listen willing bargain compromise despite disagreement face value benefit assumption sincere entertain possibility learn taking seriouslypptribalism isnt like tribalistic mode disagreeyou denigrate despise demonize disagree disagrees individual enemy unworthy respect presumption rationalityppif tribalistic lump opponents alike believe incorrigibly stupid misinformed irredeemably corrupt evil way tribalism dehumanizes outgroup insofar regards sorts beings reason ability reason usually thought hallmark humanity distinguishes creatures tribalistic mode focuses supposed character speaker saying sense tribalistic argument emad hominemem argumentppthe term libtard example popular american conservative discourse implies liberals mentally deficient point listening reasoning late rush limbaughem emrepeatedly claimed liberalsall liberalsdidnt want open borders concerned welfare immigrants instead said wanted open borders believe immigrants vote democratic dismissing message discrediting messenger convenient means avoiding engagement arguments modifying border policyppon left student activists prevent certain individuals speaking campus threaten violence disruption result violence prompting administration cancel event event proceeds try shout speaker justify infringement freedom speech grounds speaker racist sexist implication allows racist sexist speak public forum contribute perpetuating harms racism sexismpptypically actions preceded resembling discussion speaker racist sexist fact racist sexist sufficient reason preventing speaking public instead label racist sexist attached individual question excluded public discourse assumed unfit participate processes people come form beliefs simply way avoiding engagement persons views attacking person individual completely interchangeable member groupppthe fundamental feature tribalism sorting dividing word unworthy rational engagement mentally deficient insincere ideologically malign rational engagement impossibleppa second intimately related feature tribalism signalling works ways hand matter taking says behave reliable signal indicator sorting person category engage rationally ones assertions shaped chiefly deeply felt need signal member good group themppfor example eve 2020 election heard conservative acquaintances biden wins america communist country person makes absurd claim prudent regard statement signal speaker conservative likely trump supporter signal serves test hearer way enable speaker sort hearer determine reference response statement hearer making statement speaker effect hoisting flag emblem allegiance group hearer salutes flag agrees statement likely themppa essential feature tribalism tendency view conflict supreme emergencya contest stakes high possible title sean hannitys latest book emamerica brink live free dieem significant political issues held interconnected issue treated locus lifeordeath struggle sense tribalism totalizing bit behavior utterance likely treated political car drive wear mask pandemic ppthe lifeordeath struggle containedit think trapped zerosum existential battle room compromise possibility bargaining interest values theirs unreconcilableem emfurther assumes situation supreme emergency inclined think ordinary moral rules apply result race bottomppa final feature tribalism bears emphasis archenemy individuality senses given assumption supreme emergency zerosum lifeordeath contest issues connected tremendous pressure conformity perceives ingroups views deviation taken signal disloyalty risk expulsion second tribalistic sorting indiscriminate liberals conservatives perceived alike point engaging hope share common ground uspptaken features tribalism enemy democracy democracy requires bargaining compromise require listening disagrees proceeding presumption mean beings reason tribalism sorting signalling rational engagementp

6254ac8690e1ba1cf95aed03

Extending the Mask Mandate for Air Travel 'Absolutely on the Table' Says White House COVID-19 Czar

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1983565812400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1983565811200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1983565812400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1983565811200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altdreamstime_xxl_198356581 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581800x450jpg height675 picture div pthe federal mandate requiring passengers and personnel to wear masks on airplanes trains and buses is set to expire on april 18 but federal health officials are giving every indication that they are willing to extend it once againp pquotthis is a decision that cdc director rochelle walensky is going to makequot ashish k jha the white houses covid19 response director a hrefhttpswwwtodaycomvideoextendingmaskmandatesonpublictransportonthetabledrjhasays137458245853tolda the emtoday emshow on monday quoti know the cdc is working to develop a scientific frameworkquotp pwhen host savannah guthrie pressed jha to clarify whether extending the mask mandate was a real possibility he said quotits absolutely on the tablequotp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltra hrefhttpstwittercomsavannahguthrieref_srctwsrc5etfwsavannahguthriea spoke with white house covid19 response coordinator dr a hrefhttpstwittercomashishkjharef_srctwsrc5etfwashishkjhaa about the rising covid cases and mask mandates a hrefhttpstcoozx62ean3opictwittercomozx62ean3oap p today todayshow a hrefhttpstwittercomtodayshowstatus1513479635253837826ref_srctwsrc5etfwapril 11 2022apblockquote pp ptechnically the policy falls under the jurisdiction of the transportation security administration tsa rather than the cdc or the white house but the tsa like most other covid19 compliant authorities defers almost entirely to cdc guidance in practice the power to compel masking belongs to walensky who has taken an a hrefhttpsreasoncom20220216cdcrochellewalenskymasksschoolscovidleakedaudioextremely cautious approacha to easing mandates in a variety of circumstancesp pbut the policy of forced masking on airplanes actually runs counter to what many industry experts say is appropriate the ceos of several major airlines have testified before congress that the air quality on planesa hrefhttpsreasoncom20220310tsamaskmandateextendedcovidpublictransportation is better than the air quality in the icua they think it would be extremely safe to let passengers make their own decisions about whether to wear a mask it is not likely that covid19 hospitalizations and deaths would surge as a resultp punfortunately the responsibility for making this determination does not rest with the individual traveler or even the individual airline it largely rests with walensky this means that even though a hrefhttpswwwdailymailcoukhealtharticle10699933therecovidsurgewaynoquestionformerfdachiefsayshtmlhospitalizations and deaths remain steady as cases risea extreme riskaversion will likely continue to be the law of the landp pfor many families with young children the practical implication is that they cannot travel by airplane at all since it is difficult to force small kids to wear their masks for entire flights masks are not a costfree intervention for parents in this circumstance and whatever benefits the cdc thinks this policy yields must be weighed against the very real downsidesp pat a time when occasional upticks in cases following new waves and more infectious strains of covid19 do not produce appreciably more hospitalizations and deaths one might be forgiven for thinking that it would be acceptable to let onerous restrictions expirep pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220411maskmandatetravelaircovid19ashishjhacdcextending the mask mandate for air travel absolutely on the table says white house covid19 czara appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1983565812400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1983565811200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1983565812400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1983565811200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altdreamstime_xxl_198356581 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_198356581800x450jpg height675 picture div pthe federal mandate requiring passengers personnel wear masks airplanes trains buses set expire april 18 federal health officials giving indication willing extend againp pquotthis decision cdc director rochelle walensky going makequot ashish k jha white houses covid19 response director hrefhttpswwwtodaycomvideoextendingmaskmandatesonpublictransportonthetabledrjhasays137458245853tolda theemtodayemshow monday quoti know cdc working develop scientific frameworkquotp pwhen host savannah guthrie pressed jha clarify extending mask mandate real possibility said quotits absolutely tablequotp blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltra hrefhttpstwittercomsavannahguthrieref_srctwsrc5etfwsavannahguthriea spoke white house covid19 response coordinator dr hrefhttpstwittercomashishkjharef_srctwsrc5etfwashishkjhaa rising covid cases mask mandates hrefhttpstcoozx62ean3opictwittercomozx62ean3oap p today todayshow hrefhttpstwittercomtodayshowstatus1513479635253837826ref_srctwsrc5etfwapril 11 2022apblockquote pp ptechnically policy falls jurisdiction transportation security administration tsa cdc white house tsa like covid19 compliant authorities defers entirely cdc guidance practice power compel masking belongs walensky taken hrefhttpsreasoncom20220216cdcrochellewalenskymasksschoolscovidleakedaudioextremely cautious approacha easing mandates variety circumstancesp pbut policy forced masking airplanes actually runs counter industry experts appropriate ceos major airlines testified congress air quality planesa hrefhttpsreasoncom20220310tsamaskmandateextendedcovidpublictransportation better air quality icua think extremely safe let passengers decisions wear mask likely covid19 hospitalizations deaths surge resultp punfortunately responsibility making determination rest individual traveler individual airline largely rests walensky means hrefhttpswwwdailymailcoukhealtharticle10699933therecovidsurgewaynoquestionformerfdachiefsayshtmlhospitalizations deaths remain steady cases risea extreme riskaversion likely continue law landp pfor families young children practical implication travel airplane difficult force small kids wear masks entire flights masks costfree intervention parents circumstance benefits cdc thinks policy yields weighed real downsidesp pat time occasional upticks cases following new waves infectious strains covid19 produce appreciably hospitalizations deaths forgiven thinking acceptable let onerous restrictions expirep pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220411maskmandatetravelaircovid19ashishjhacdcextending mask mandate air travel absolutely table says white house covid19 czara appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

6254adb090e1ba1cf95aed2d

When Can/Should We Pull the Plug?

pat less wrong a plea that a hrefhttpswwwlesswrongcompostswrkengrttrm2mnmgaretracteditstimeforealeadershiptopulltheshortits time for ea leadership to pull the shorttimelines fire alarmap blockquotepbased on the past weeks worth of papers it seems very possible 30 that we are now in the crunchtime section of a shorttimelines world and that we have 37 years until moores law and organizational prioritization put these systems at sextremelys dangerous levels of capabilityspansupa hrefhttpswwwlesswrongcompostswrkengrttrm2mnmgaitstimeforealeadershiptopulltheshorttimelinesfirefn95voeyyovob[1]asupspanp pthe papers im thinking aboutp ul lia hrefhttpsaigoogleblogcom202204pathwayslanguagemodelpalmscalingtohtmlhttpsaigoogleblogcom202204pathwayslanguagemodelpalmscalingtohtmlali lia hrefhttpstwittercomandyzengtweetsstatus1512089759497269251httpstwittercomandyzengtweetsstatus1512089759497269251ali lia hrefhttpsopenaicomdalle2httpsopenaicomdalle2ali lia hrefhttpstwittercomhausman_kstatus1511152160695730181httpstwittercomhausman_kstatus1511152160695730181ali ul pfor those who havent grappled with what actual advanced ai would mean especially if many different organizations can achieve itp ul lino one knows how to build an ai system that accomplishes goals that ialsoi is fine with you turning it off its an a hrefhttpsarbitalcompcorrigibilityunsolveda a hrefhttpsintelligenceorgfilescorrigibilitypdfresearcha a hrefhttpsarxivorgabs161108219problema researchers have been trying for decades but none of them think theyve succeeded yetli liunfortunately for most conceivable goals you could give an ai system the best way to achieve that goal taken literally which is the only thing computers know how to do is to make sure it cant be turned off otherwise it might be turned off and then its version of the goal is much less likely to happenli liif the ai has any way of accessing the internet it will copy itself to as many places as it can and then continue doing whatever it thinks its supposed to be doing at this point it becomes quite likely that we cannot limit its impact which is likely to involve much more mayhem possibly including making itself smarter and making sure that humans arent capable of creating other ais that could turn it off theres no off button for the internetli limost ai researchers do not believe in agi and thus have not considered the technical details of rewardspecification for humanlevel ai models thus it is as of today very likely that someone somewhere will do this anyway getting every ai expert in the world and those they work with to think through this is the single most important thing we can doit is functionally impossible to build a complex system without ever getting to iterate which we cant do without an offswitch and then get lucky and it just works every human invention ever has required trial and error to perfect eg planes computer software if we have no offswitch and the system just keeps getting smarter and we made anything other than the perfect reward function which again no one knows how to do the global consequences are irreversibleli lido not make it easier for more people to build such systems do not build them yourself if you think you know why this argument is wrong please please please post it here or elsewhere many people have spent their lives trying to find the gap in this logic if you raise a point that hasnt previously been refuted i will personally pay you 1000li ul blockquote pthere are several interesting things about this argument first in response to pushback the author retracted the argumentp blockquotepthis post was rash and illconceived and did not have clearly defined goals nor met the vaguelydefined ones i apologize to everyone on here you should probably update accordingly about my opinions in the future in retrospect i was trying to express an emotion of exasperation related to the recent news i later mention which i do think has decreased timelines broadly across the ml worldpblockquote plesswrong is thus one of the few places in the world you can be shamed for not being bayesian enoughp pi am more interested however in the general question when will we know to pull the plug and will that be too late a pandemic is much easier to deal with early before it goes viral but its very difficult to convince people that strong actions are required early why lockdown a city for fear of a virus when more people are dying daily in car accidents our record on acting early isnt great moreover ai risk also has a strong chance of going viral everything seems under control and then theres a lab leak to the internet and foom maybe foom doesnt happen but maybe it does so when should we pull the plug what are the signals to watchp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204whencanshouldwepulltheplughtmlwhen canshould we pull the pluga appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pat wrong plea hrefhttpswwwlesswrongcompostswrkengrttrm2mnmgaretracteditstimeforealeadershiptopulltheshortits time ea leadership pull shorttimelines fire alarmap blockquotepbased past weeks worth papers possible 30 crunchtime section shorttimelines world 37 years moores law organizational prioritization systems sextremelys dangerous levels capabilityspansupa hrefhttpswwwlesswrongcompostswrkengrttrm2mnmgaitstimeforealeadershiptopulltheshorttimelinesfirefn95voeyyovob[1]asupspanp pthe papers im thinking aboutp ul lia hrefhttpsaigoogleblogcom202204pathwayslanguagemodelpalmscalingtohtmlhttpsaigoogleblogcom202204pathwayslanguagemodelpalmscalingtohtmlali lia hrefhttpstwittercomandyzengtweetsstatus1512089759497269251httpstwittercomandyzengtweetsstatus1512089759497269251ali lia hrefhttpsopenaicomdalle2httpsopenaicomdalle2ali lia hrefhttpstwittercomhausman_kstatus1511152160695730181httpstwittercomhausman_kstatus1511152160695730181ali ul pfor havent grappled actual advanced ai mean especially different organizations achieve itp ul lino knows build ai system accomplishes goals ialsoi fine turning hrefhttpsarbitalcompcorrigibilityunsolveda hrefhttpsintelligenceorgfilescorrigibilitypdfresearcha hrefhttpsarxivorgabs161108219problema researchers trying decades think theyve succeeded yetli liunfortunately conceivable goals ai system best way achieve goal taken literally thing computers know sure cant turned turned version goal likely happenli liif ai way accessing internet copy places continue thinks supposed point likely limit impact likely involve mayhem possibly including making smarter making sure humans arent capable creating ais turn theres button internetli limost ai researchers believe agi considered technical details rewardspecification humanlevel ai models today likely getting ai expert world work think single important thing doit functionally impossible build complex system getting iterate cant offswitch lucky works human invention required trial error perfect eg planes computer software offswitch system keeps getting smarter perfect reward function knows global consequences irreversibleli lido easier people build systems build think know argument wrong post people spent lives trying find gap logic raise point hasnt previously refuted personally pay 1000li ul blockquote pthere interesting things argument response pushback author retracted argumentp blockquotepthis post rash illconceived clearly defined goals met vaguelydefined ones apologize probably update accordingly opinions future retrospect trying express emotion exasperation related recent news later mention think decreased timelines broadly ml worldpblockquote plesswrong places world shamed bayesian enoughp pi interested general question know pull plug late pandemic easier deal early goes viral difficult convince people strong actions required early lockdown city fear virus people dying daily car accidents record acting early isnt great ai risk strong chance going viral control theres lab leak internet foom maybe foom doesnt happen maybe pull plug signals watchp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204whencanshouldwepulltheplughtmlwhen canshould pull pluga appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

625de6ed1b07c1cc0ee9e1d9

Florida Judge Declares CDC's Federal Travel Mask Mandate 'Unlawful' and Vacates It

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1856668912400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1856668911200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1856668912400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1856668911200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altdreamstime_xxl_185666891 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891800x450jpg height675 picture div pa florida judge has vacated the centers for disease control and preventions cdc mask mandate for transportation calling it an quotunlawfulquot expansion of federal authorityp pquotour system does not permit agencies to act unlawfully even in pursuit of desirable endsquot a hrefhttpsecfflmduscourtsgovcgibinshow_public_doc202101693538cvwrotea us district judge kathryn kimball mizelle who was appointed during the trump administrationp pmizelles ruling brings an immediate halt to the mandate though the government could ask the court to stay the judgment while an appeal is made under that scenario the travel mandatewhich applies to airplanes trains buses and subway systemscould returnp pin either case its not clear how much longer the cdc planned to keep the mandate it was initially a hrefhttpsreasoncom20220411maskmandatetravelaircovid19ashishjhacdcset to expire todaya but the agency extended it for two additional weeks given that the air quality on airplanes is highly filtered the ceos of major airlines have a hrefhttpsreasoncom20211220againstfaucismtestifieda that the mask requirement is unnecessary for their industryp pquotit makes no sense that people are still required to wear masks on airplanes yet are allowed to congregate in crowded restaurants schools and at sporting events without masks despite none of these venues having the protective air filtration system that aircraft doquot a hrefhttpswwwabccolumbiacom20220413cdcextendsmaskmandateforplanestrainsuntilmay3texte2809cit20makes20no20sense20that2ce2809d20the20business20executives20wrotewrotea the ceos of all major airlines in a letter to the biden administrationp pthey certainly have a point its difficult to imagine that unmasked travelers and commuters are at significantly greater risk of catching covid19 than unmasked restaurant and gym customers theres much less talking and heavy breathing on an airplane than there is at a barbut the latter has practically no masking requirements at this point in the pandemic in most respects people are now free to decide for themselves what their personal risk tolerance is with respect to covid19 and behave accordinglyp pin her decision judge mizelle chided the cdc for taking shortcuts and exceeding its own statutory authority under the lawspecifically a federal law known as the administrative procedures actthe agency is required to submit new policies for outside review and comment the cdc declined to do this arguing that any delay in implementing the mandate would cost lives the agency also maintained that the mandate was not a new rule but rather a clarification of previous guidance relating to quotsanitationquotp pmizelle was unpersuaded however that the public health service act of 1944the law the cdc cited as giving the agency the power to take such actionsconsidered disease prevention to be a form of sanitationp pquotwearing a mask cleans nothingquot wrote mizelle quotat most it traps virus droplets but it neither sanitizes the person wearing the mask nor sanitizes the conveyance because the cdc required mask wearing as a measure to keep something cleanexplaining that it limits the spread of covid19 through prevention but never contending that it actively destroys or removes itthe mask mandate falls outside of [applicable law]quotp pthe mask mandate is quotbest understood not as sanitation but as an exercise of the cdcs power to conditionally release individuals to travel despite concerns that they may spread a communicable disease and to detain or partially quarantine those who refusequot wrote mizelle but she is not convinced that congress has actually delegated this power to the cdc in the case of individuals traveling emwithin emthe usp pquotthe power to conditionally release and detain is ordinarily limited to individuals entering the united states from a foreign countryquot she wrotep pthe lawsuit was brought by two florida residents who argued that being required to wear masks on airplanes aggravated their anxietya condition that is not exempted from forced masking under the mandate they are represented by the health freedom defense fund a conservative legal groupp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220418federaltravelmaskmandatemizellecdccovidflorida judge declares cdcs federal travel mask mandate unlawful and vacates ita appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1856668912400x1350jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1856668911200x675jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1856668912400x1350jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_1856668911200x675jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altdreamstime_xxl_185666891 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202204dreamstime_xxl_185666891800x450jpg height675 picture div pa florida judge vacated centers disease control preventions cdc mask mandate transportation calling quotunlawfulquot expansion federal authorityp pquotour system permit agencies act unlawfully pursuit desirable endsquot hrefhttpsecfflmduscourtsgovcgibinshow_public_doc202101693538cvwrotea district judge kathryn kimball mizelle appointed trump administrationp pmizelles ruling brings immediate halt mandate government ask court stay judgment appeal scenario travel mandatewhich applies airplanes trains buses subway systemscould returnp pin case clear longer cdc planned mandate initially hrefhttpsreasoncom20220411maskmandatetravelaircovid19ashishjhacdcset expire todaya agency extended additional weeks given air quality airplanes highly filtered ceos major airlines hrefhttpsreasoncom20211220againstfaucismtestifieda mask requirement unnecessary industryp pquotit makes sense people required wear masks airplanes allowed congregate crowded restaurants schools sporting events masks despite venues having protective air filtration system aircraft doquot hrefhttpswwwabccolumbiacom20220413cdcextendsmaskmandateforplanestrainsuntilmay3texte2809cit20makes20no20sense20that2ce2809d20the20business20executives20wrotewrotea ceos major airlines letter biden administrationp pthey certainly point difficult imagine unmasked travelers commuters significantly greater risk catching covid19 unmasked restaurant gym customers theres talking heavy breathing airplane barbut practically masking requirements point pandemic respects people free decide personal risk tolerance respect covid19 behave accordinglyp pin decision judge mizelle chided cdc taking shortcuts exceeding statutory authority lawspecifically federal law known administrative procedures actthe agency required submit new policies outside review comment cdc declined arguing delay implementing mandate cost lives agency maintained mandate new rule clarification previous guidance relating quotsanitationquotp pmizelle unpersuaded public health service act 1944the law cdc cited giving agency power actionsconsidered disease prevention form sanitationp pquotwearing mask cleans nothingquot wrote mizelle quotat traps virus droplets sanitizes person wearing mask sanitizes conveyance cdc required mask wearing measure cleanexplaining limits spread covid19 prevention contending actively destroys removes itthe mask mandate falls outside [applicable law]quotp pthe mask mandate quotbest understood sanitation exercise cdcs power conditionally release individuals travel despite concerns spread communicable disease detain partially quarantine refusequot wrote mizelle convinced congress actually delegated power cdc case individuals traveling emwithinemthe usp pquotthe power conditionally release detain ordinarily limited individuals entering united states foreign countryquot wrotep pthe lawsuit brought florida residents argued required wear masks airplanes aggravated anxietya condition exempted forced masking mandate represented health freedom defense fund conservative legal groupp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220418federaltravelmaskmandatemizellecdccovidflorida judge declares cdcs federal travel mask mandate unlawful vacates ita appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

62608a1ef73589d81919f207

Did economists move Democrats to the right?

pamerican public policy includes a lot of economistic thinking policy analysts weigh costs and benefits use economic projections and models and try to calculate the value of almost everything that may not have been inevitable a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsepbermannet target_blankelizabetha popp berman a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpspressprincetonedubookshardcover9780691167381thinkinglikeaneconomist target_blankfindsa that a revolution in applied microeconomics brought about a shift in bureaucratic agencies which led to selfreinforcing requests for more economics trainees and economistic ideas with governments increasingly asking for a particular form of economic analysis that limited the scope of government action this economic revolution explains how the democratic party moved rightward foreclosing further left economic alternatives by changing the language and criteria for policymakingp iframe srchttpswsoundcloudcomplayerurlhttps3aapisoundcloudcomtracks1253809135color23ff5500auto_playfalsehide_relatedfalseshow_commentstrueshow_usertrueshow_repostsfalseshow_teasertruevisualtrue width100 height300iframediva relnoopener hrefhttpssoundcloudcomuser73594045795015381 titleniskanen center the science of politics target_blankniskanen center the science of politicsa a relnoopener hrefhttpssoundcloudcomuser73594045795015381dideconomistsmovethedemocratstotheright titledid economists move the democrats to the right target_blankdid economists move the democrats to the rightadiv pguest a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsepbermannet target_blankelizabeth popp bermana university of michiganp pstudy a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpspressprincetonedubookshardcover9780691167381thinkinglikeaneconomist target_blankthinking like an economistap h2transcripth2 pstrongmatt grossmannstrong did economists move the democrats rightward this week on the science of politics for the niskanen center im matt grossmann american public policy includes a lot of economistic thinking policy analysts weigh cost and benefits use economic projections and models and try to calculate the value of almost everything that may not have been inevitable the impact of economists and their fellow travelers especially culminating in the 1970s may have set the nation on a different policy path this week i talk with elizabeth popp berman of the university of michigan about her new book emthinking like an economistemp pshe finds that a revolution in applied microeconomics brought about a shift in bureaucratic agencies which led to selfreinforcing requests for more economics trainees and economistic ideas with governments increasingly asking for a particular form of economic analysis that limited the scope of government action paired with a growing academic sector willing to provide it but berman is not just interested in the academic and bureaucratic trends she says this economic revolution helps explain how the democratic party moved rightward foreclosing further left economic alternatives by changing the language and criteria for policy making i think youll enjoy our conversation why dont you start with a summary of the book what were your big findings and implicationsp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah well so the book is basically trying to do two things right so its trying to show how what im calling an economic style of reasoning really entered washington and moved around and became incorporated into a lot of different places in the policy making process so one piece of it is just tracing that historical story and then the book is also arguing that as this economic style of thinking was introduced and really institutionalized in a lot of ways that it shaped the kinds of policy options that were considered and that it became a constrain on policy and that that was particularly the case for democratsp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong so why dont you make that a little more concrete so give us a few examples of what is an economic style of policy making and what might it entail [crosstalk 000215]p pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah sure i mean i think so just to do a little definitional kind of thing the way i think of the economic style of reasoning is not necessarily what phd economists are doing its sort of more of a microeconomic econ 101 approach to policy a broad focus on choice incentives cost effectiveness weighing cost and benefits thinking about trade offs those kinds of basic concepts that you can use as a set of tools for thinking about policy and in terms of what that actually looked like in practice theres one example i use in the beginning of the book that i like because it really illustrates how much things changed over a period of time that in and i use the clean air and water act from the early 70s and then looking at the clean air act amendments of 1990 as a good example of how the economic style of reasoning did become built into certain kinds of policyp pand so if you go back and look at those original pieces of legislation they did not draw on economics as a discipline at all in fact theres this great piece by an economist after who wrote about the clean water act saying why did nobody listen to the economist is the subtitle of the piece and it was really grounded in ideas about ecology its coming out of social movement spaces theres a lot of attention to health and theres also specifically explicitly no focus on costs in part for political reasons and so its growing out of a theory about regulatory capture that if we make these pieces of legislation with these absolute goals in them and dont pay attention to costs that will help to limit the potential for regulatory capturep pand so thats what the before looks like by the time 1990 rolls around and youre looking at the clean air act amendments the centerpiece of that ends up being the acid rain program which is the first big cap and trade program and so now instead of having this moral tend to the debate this idea that pollution is wrong we shouldnt do it instead weve got a very different approach that thinks of pollution as an externality that if we can figure out how to price it then we can figure out how to reduce it in the most efficient way possible and that obviously becomes the model for a lot of other cap and trade programs in the decades that follow and so thats kind of the type of shift that im talking about herep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong so tell us a little bit of the story behind the buck how it builds on your prior work and how much it transformed from idea to executionp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah so in some ways this grew out of my first book which was about and i think ive always been interested in the intersection and how we think about governing markets how do we organize markets how do we think about what kinds of rules they should follow and my first book was about universities and so it was called creating the market university how academic science became an economic engine and so i was really looking at how science became more entrepreneurial and in the course of that the story that ended up coming out of that ended up being much more of a policy centric story than i expected it to be and so one of the takeaways from that book is that in the 70s policy makers seized on the idea that technological innovation drives economic growthp pand that that became a really powerful argument politically for creating policies that ended up promoting entrepreneurship among scientists and so that kind of partly was how i got interested in how this economic thinking actually affect politics but i think the other piece of it is just a personal level somebody who came in the age in the 90s and grew up politically as a person whos fairly progressive growing up in that era and really thinking about it always felt like the range of policy options were very constrained and it always felt to me like they were constrained in a particular way and i think that was something that had been sitting at the back of my mind for a long time and that shaped how i started to think about the question and why it really drove me at the same time that it was also growing out at these intellectual interestsp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong so the book is a pretty concrete history you have a lot of specific stories of people and institutions that brought about this transformation so tell us a couple of your favorites of the actors and what they were actually doing to bring this aboutp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah i mean i think the one set of people that i really just enjoy reading and learning about are this group of economists who were coming from the rand corporation in the 1960s so the rand corporation people today might not think of it purely as being about defense it does a lot of research in education and health and these other areas but at the time it was really a defense think tank and it hired a lot of economists to try to help solve these problems for the air force basically figure out how were going to defend against the potential of a soviet attack as cost effectively as possible basically and there were a set of people at rand the guy who was the leader of the economics department there was a guy named charles hitch and he was one of my i just think hes a really interesting characterp phes very mild mannered somebody in an oral history describes him as the kind of guy who wears a suit to a picnic so hes got a particular he is a low key person but he ends up coming to washington in 1960 with robert mcnamara so mcnamara finds out what these folks at rand had been doing thinks it would be really great to scale up these budgeting methods that are really developed by economists and grounded broadly in economic thinking and introduce them to the defense department and so hitch is the one who brings them there who really starts to implement them and who is seen as doing this very effectively and it becomes so effective that johnson in 1965 decides to roll this out across all federal agenciesp pand so this is a really critical moment where somebody who could have just had this influence in this very specific policy domain ends up creating a lot of changes that have all these downstream effects because it becomes a way to think about how to budget and how to make budgeting decisions much more generally in governmentp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong so you say that this transformation helps explain the transformation of the democratic party to how it got in the 90s when you were most familiar with it but you say it explains how but perhaps not why or that theres a whole set of factors that might have explained why so make the case for that explain that distinction and maybe i guess convince us that this really is about trends in the democratic party rather than the resurgence of the republican party or the conservative movementp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong and i do think i mean most of what i focus on in the book is more something thats happening on the democratic side i mean there is a piece thats the conservative economic piece thats particularly more influential in antitrust which is one of the areas i look at so its not 100 a story about democrats but what you really do have is so for one thing most of the techniques that im talking about and most of the moments where you have spaces for economic reasoning being built new places in washington so you have policy offices being created or you have something like the cbo being created the congressional budget office these are all projects that are driven by people associated with the democratic party and they are really people who for the most part think government has an important role to play theyre just trying to figure out how to make it work better how to make it more cost effectivep pthey become pretty influential within the party and in part because their influence isnt just about giving advice to specific politicians or specific presidents its much more about building an infrastructure that supports this way of thinking so you see the growth of new kinds of think tanks and research shops places like the urban institute you see the creation of public policy schools which are a direct response to these new techniques that are being used and the demand for people who are are trained in being able to produce these kinds of analyses and it becomes much more built into what the democratic party does than it does for republicans so by the time that reagan is elected a lot of this stuff is in place but reagan approaches economics much differently in that he tends to use it he supports it when it lines up with his existing policy preferences and rejects it in cases where it doesnt so you see a much more selective use of economics in that case than you did for example under the carter administrationp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong so this is a story both about economist thinking our economistic thinking and more conservative thinking as well to what extent is economistic thinking inherently conservative in comparison to say something like sociology and is there an alternative story where economics was very influential but did not have this effect or that something like sociology was influential in a conservatizing effect insteadp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong i mean its a really good question so i think there is a way in which disciplines dont necessarily have any inherent moral or political valence to them they kind of emerge as configurations of tools and frameworks and ideas that are responding to these broader outside pressures and that are a combination of responses to whats going on in the world in combination with the new ideas that people are developing on the ground in these different disciplinary spaces so i dont think any discipline necessarily has to have a conservative or less conservative tilt to it and i think sometimes you see a pretty significant shift within disciplines over time toop pbut i do think theres a way in which economics as it becomes an influential discipline does end up having a lot of ties to money basically to business to finance to financial interests that i do think indirectly point it towards a particular set of questions and shape the range of answers that people are willing to consider within that so i think whatever discipline you have that most tied status quo in some ways is going to have some conservative tendencies to it which isnt necessarily to say thats always going to be true of every person within the discipline or thats necessarily how its always going to bep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong and what about is there an alternative history where something like sociology is influential and what kinds of institutions would it develop if there was some sociologicalization of governmentp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong im a sociologist but im not sure i would advocate for putting the sociologists in charge but i do think that its clear that people coming from different disciplines are going to bring different frameworks to policy problems and are going to think about them in different ways and i think just one example of this might be how do you think about the concept of power in a policy context and economists might talk about market power specifically and a narrow form of power thats really about the ability to raise prices but dont tend to theoretically work with a broader conception of power whereas sociologists or i think political scientists to a greater degree you might mind that to be something thats more central to their analytical lens and i think that shapes then how you think about what kinds of policies might make sense think about the political implications as well as the technical ones it might just take you to some different placesp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong so you track the development of masters of public policy schools as a instantiation of this economic influence and then how it feeds back into academia but at least from my perspective it seems now like public policy schools are quite concerned with equality have a more diverse range of disciplines represented so to what extent do these institutions get set in motion by the economists and keep going and to what extent do they take a different shape once they startp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong policy schools are a super interesting space both historically and right now but i think one important thing to keep in mind is that policy schools were also always kind of liberal in a way policy schools are basically figuring out how to do government well how to do policy well so if youre really starting from a point that government should be doing less then the idea that youre sorting build a career on figuring how to do it well doesnt really fit that well with that so right from day one i think policy schools have been liberal in some sense but it is really interesting i think what youve got going on is that historically public policy programs have been quite interdisciplinary but also broadly oriented towards microeconomics and that its typically microeconomics are some of the core classes theyre cost benefit analysis which is closely tied to that so its a central part of the curriculum even as theres lots of disciplines represented in policy programsp pbut it is really interesting i mean i think you do see this shift in really the last few years where there has been a much greater focus on equality like you said more progressive goals i think within policy schools which is interesting and i think maybe some of that is about i mean a piece of this is about the larger political fracture and the fact that theres fewer conservatives within academia at all so those people arent necessarily part of the same conversation anymore and then i think theres also a piece of it that is student driven and just from the people ive talked to the students enrolling in masters of public policy programs just look different than they did 10 years ago and they have a different set of concerns and i think in some way as the schools are responding to that so at least thats my perception is that theres a little bit of this thats a bottom up changep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong so the book is told from the perspective of skepticism of some of these transformations but i wanted to give you a chance to make the pro case for some of this planning budgeting and economic thinking what are the most positive aspects of it and what is worth keepingp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah no i think anytime youre talking about doing something that involves governance in some significant way i think youre going to need quantification and formal tools for being able to evaluate and think about whats actually happening and so when it comes to something like cost benefit analysis which i talk about somewhat mildly critically in the book i dont see that as something that we should just get rid of or abolish or not do that youre always going to need to consider cost in some sense thats pretty fundamental to policy making and i think what i would advocate instead is for both more explicitly revisiting some of the assumptions that are based into the way that we do it and also for more acknowledgement that these are not neutral tools that the choices that you make about how to do something like cost benefit analysis have implications of their ownp pbut theres a lot of places where i think economics brings a lot of value to policy and i think the other big example that comes to mind is just the causal inference revolution of the last couple of decades and just the idea of how many new tools have come from economics to help us think about how do we measure what the effect is of a policy how do we think about measuring outcomes and about doing that in a statistically convincing way those are some places where i think a lot of value is addedp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong and youre mostly focusing on microeconomic tools here but you do do a little bit of comparison so give us the compare and contrast for how economists have been influential in macro versus micro and why it took these different forms in each casep pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrongyeah so right i mostly talk about microeconomics in the book i do have a chapter that looks at a little bit of the history of macro as well and macroeconomics took its own trajectory into washington and i think it has influenced through different kinds of channels macro really came to washington much earlier than micro i did youre talking about the 30s and 40s not the 1960s and 70s and it has been very influential particularly at some points in time but its influence i think its both narrower in some ways because it really is more concerned with specific policy domains so youre specifically talking about monetary policy or fiscal policy inflation its also got particular i think its much more channeled through specific institutions i think youve got macro economists are influential sometimes as policy advisors depending on who is in charge and then also through institutions like the fedp pi think whats distinctive about microeconomics is not only the timeframe but because its a way of thinking that you can apply to any type of policy that works in any policy domain its influence is much more diffused throughout different kinds of policy making and different policy areas and is built into the institutions that we use for making policy developing regulations working out some of those details of how policy actually works in a way thats distinct from macrop pstrongmatt grossmannstrong many of the trends that youre tracking seem to have happened to some degree across the rich world what does that tell us does it tell us that the more specific stories you tell of how it came to power in the us werent necessarily necessary that it could have come to power in lots of different contexts does it tell us that the us movement became worldwide and theres a path from the us to explain the rest of the worldp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah i think theres two ways to answer that one is that yeah i think that given how governments developed over the course of the 20th century and given the way that broader systems of knowledge developed i think there were going to be these trends towards formalization and quantification that were going to play out in governments in many places in some way roughly during these periods regardless of what happened and in the us it happened to be centered around economics and it took its own particular form but there is this piece of it that i think is just a broader trend towards developing tools for managing governmentp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong what about on the political side theres sort of a case that the us was on a different trajectory by the 1970s most of the welfare state comparative literature doesnt say that the trajectories changed after the 1970s as the us kind of story does it more says that from the 30s and 70s governments took particular turns and then since then there hasnt been as much building of governmentp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong right right no and i think there is a piece in which the us was kind of an early over in this direction and it is at least partly a diffusion story too and i think you see this particularly in some of the ways that public management techniques diffuse outward from us institutions and its not necessarily happening through us government but from us academia and then building ties to transnational organizations that build communities the people in other countries who are using roughly the same set tools and have roughly the same types of training and so i do think theres a piece of it that diffuses outward and takes slightly different formsp pand you see things like new public management in the 90s which is not quite the same but it has a lot of overlap and so i do think theres a space in which because the us was both still the hegemon at that point and also because of the global centrality of us academia that those ideas and tools and techniques really did spread outward from therep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong and what about the specificity of this story to government a lot of these similar kinds of technique certainly are in use in the nonprofit sector and increasingly in the corporate sector as well and even part of the story of economic thinking is its increasing use in personal life and self help kinds of things too so it seems bigger than a trend about economists infiltrating government it seems like a broader rise of that kind of thinking what do you thinkp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah no and i think if you wanted to you could tell this as a story of a century or more you could start with scientific management and just kind of built your way up from there i think this general idea that were going to continue to find ways to try to use calculation to make different kinds of activities as effective or cost effective as possible is something that just goes with the development of institutions in the 20th centuryp pi do think what ends up happening is that those tools in different kind of contexts end up being developed in specific ways that are locally specific and so to the extent that some kinds of techniques actually are developed in economics as a discipline and then spread outward from there then they tend to carry certain ways of thinking about problems with them maybe certain standards of evidence certain assumptions about the value efficiency or other sort of value based assumptions are associated with that and so i think those kinds of things maybe actually grounded in a discipline and so why you do have this broad spread of this broad category of techniques it also matters that exactly where they come fromp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong the biden administration started with some talk that there was going to be a change to this as a trajectory and some real personnel differences with clinton and obama in terms of the kinds of economists and the non economists that theyve brought in these roles were to a point where that looks less likelier to result in major policy change in a different direction i guess what do you think of the current prospects and does that suggest that i guess the ideational change or the change in the intellectual influence isnt actually enough that this is more about the constraints of the political system and where we are on the spectrump pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah despite having just written a whole book about ideas and how they matter i dont think its enough i think the structural constraints are ultimately going to be really important and that then even the ideas themselves are kind of evolve in response to the broader structural environment yeah so i dont think that the ideas are enough but i do think that just the fact that sort ofp pdo think that just the fact that the most ambitious things that biden talked about at the beginning of the administration that theres no green new deal or something like that those things not coming to fruition i dont think necessarily means that there isnt a real change i think what you do see is that the overton window has moved quite a bit in terms of what kinds of policies are seriously considered or seriously debated and theres a lot of things that are on the table now that just wouldve been pretty unthinkable 5 10 years ago i think it is a longterm story of change i dont think were going to see dramatic change in the period of a couple of years but i think its pretty interesting how some of the new appointees have actually moved the needle in terms of what were talking about even if we dont see quite as much change in terms of whats actually being donep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong whats your assessment of the biden administration in the use of these tools have these different kinds of advisors succeeded in any difference in practice in how government considers policy or these administrative centers that are used to policy planning work in other words is there some sort of internal story that could be changing behind the scenesp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah i think there are specific examples where you see this kind of change i think antitrust is the one where you see the most visible and pointed in some ways change or conflict between these two different approaches to thinking about it antitrust is interesting because its also of all the policy domains that i look at which are a bunch its the one where economics really had the most influence in that it really was able to define what the terms of antitrust policy were and then that ended up being written into case law and embodied by the enforcement agencies so that antitrust was really redefined around having specifically the goal that economists thought it should have which was pursuing allocative efficiencyp pright now youve got people who are not necessarily onboard with that framework who are leading the antitrust division and the ftc it is interesting i think its creating a lot of conflict i think this is one of the places where i spent a lot of time talking about why it matters that you have particular kinds of thinking that are built into particular agencies but if you are at the antitrust division and you want to try to move the needle and say oh we should think about other kinds of corporate power beyond focusing purely on consumer welfare focusing on prices theres some challenges to doing that because youve got a whole agency thats filled with people who are oriented towards this way of thinking i think you see some of those conflicts being played out in interesting ways i think itll be interesting to see what that actually looks like in the years to comep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong is there any advice for i dont want to say the opponents of this viewpoint but what can they learn from the success of this kind of thinking and the creation of sets of tools and institutions that made their way into policyp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah this is not a very sexy sound bite but i think that really one of the things that is an important takeaway of this is that it matters who is in these agencies in the guts of washington right that its important to think about where are the veto points where is it that regulations actually get hammered out and defined if you are interested in advocating for other ways of thinking about problems where are these very unglamorous places that economic thinking has really been naturalized those are the places that you need to think about making change in the long run i really think its about thinking about how to build different infrastructure in the long run that either opens up some of these ideas or that creates some alternatives to themp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong what about within the disciplines economics certainly seems to be changing political science and economics are at least using the word inequality almost as much as sociologists now and certainly theres new agendas to some extent but what can we learn from the internal story within the economics discipline of how this was brought about for people who might want the disciplines to take a different directionp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah no i think theres been a huge amount of change within economics right theres just an explosion of research thats focused on inequality or inequalities in some sense theres much more attention to labor right now right theres a lot of focus on things like labor market monopsony and the idea that concentration maybe has been a factor in driving wages down the discipline itself i think has evolved quite a lot and i think has the potential to continue to do thatp pi think this is one of the things where its the people who are just entering the discipline who are going to drive these changes right like i was saying about people who are currently enrolling in masters of public policy programs maybe looking a little bit different than they did 10 years ago i think youre seeing the same thing within economics and those people are going to drive the research agenda for the next generation theres lots of room for movementp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong whats next for you can we describe the next buck project or the next route from here and anything we didnt get to from this one that you wanted to highlightp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah i think im not quite sure if im going to promise the next book project yet but one piece of this story that i really want to continue to dive into is less about the economist i might be done with economists for over a while but i got very interested in the market governance piece of this story and i think theres a whole big story about how policy changes in the 1980s really restructured markets that hasnt fully been told yet i think we have this conventional account about business interests and tax cuts and deregulation but the stuff that tends to appeal to me is the very very wonky stuff so i think theres a lot of pieces of that story that havent really been told thats one thing im looking atp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong i guess what about the reception of your book so far among economists and just weve talked about before i think the sort of is there a de taunt between sociology and economics and is there a direction to that fieldp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah its interesting i really tried to walk this line in the book between obviously its critical of economics in many ways at the same time that i think economics has a lot of valuable tools and also just a lot of people who i would like to make common cause with i think ive certainly had a number of economists express interest in it and i think seemed to find some value in what it is that im trying to do here at the same time im sure there are people who are going to be put off by somebody coming from outside the discipline and offering a critique and who dont necessarily see economics as having the kinds of effects that i do particularly because i think its clear that theres lots of ways in which economics doesnt have effects right economists dont go into a room in washington and make some policy pronouncement and people listen to them its these much subtler channels of influence that i think are importantp pi guess the book just came out so perhaps i will get a little bit better sense of that but my hope is that even if economists dont like the book that they will feel like it is a fair representation of what actually happened in us politics over the period that i look atp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong theres a lot more to learn the science of politics is available biweekly from the niskanen center and part of the democracy group network im your host matt grossman if you liked this discussion you should check out our previous related episodes i think youll like how to change americans views of inequality how the left and right undermine trust in government inflation hurts presidents and its not the medias fault why rising inequality doesnt stimulate political action and why lawyers rule american politics thanks to elizabeth popp berman for joining me please check out emthinking like an economistem and then listen in next timep pphoto credit a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwistockphotocomphotoseriesofusaruffledflagswithdemocraticpartysymboloveritgm675048688123773349 target_blankistockap pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpswwwniskanencenterorgdideconomistsmovedemocratstotherightdid economists move democrats to the righta appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpswwwniskanencenterorgniskanen centerap

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book emthinking like economistemp pshe finds revolution applied microeconomics brought shift bureaucratic agencies led selfreinforcing requests economics trainees economistic ideas governments increasingly asking particular form economic analysis limited scope government action paired growing academic sector willing provide berman interested academic bureaucratic trends says economic revolution helps explain democratic party moved rightward foreclosing left economic alternatives changing language criteria policy making think youll enjoy conversation dont start summary book big findings implicationsp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah book basically trying things right trying im calling economic style reasoning entered washington moved incorporated lot different places policy making process piece tracing historical story book arguing economic style thinking introduced institutionalized lot ways shaped kinds policy options considered constrain policy particularly case democratsp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong dont little concrete examples economic style policy making entail [crosstalk 000215]p pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah sure mean think little definitional kind thing way think economic style reasoning necessarily phd economists sort microeconomic econ 101 approach policy broad focus choice incentives cost effectiveness weighing cost benefits thinking trade offs kinds basic concepts use set tools thinking policy terms actually looked like practice theres example use beginning book like illustrates things changed period time use clean air water act early 70s looking clean air act amendments 1990 good example economic style reasoning built certain kinds policyp pand look original pieces legislation draw economics discipline fact theres great piece economist wrote clean water act saying listen economist subtitle piece grounded ideas ecology coming social movement spaces theres lot attention health theres specifically explicitly focus costs political reasons growing theory regulatory capture pieces legislation absolute goals dont pay attention costs help limit potential regulatory capturep pand thats looks like time 1990 rolls youre looking clean air act amendments centerpiece ends acid rain program big cap trade program instead having moral tend debate idea pollution wrong shouldnt instead weve got different approach thinks pollution externality figure price figure reduce efficient way possible obviously model lot cap trade programs decades follow thats kind type shift im talking herep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong tell little bit story buck builds prior work transformed idea executionp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah ways grew book think ive interested intersection think governing markets organize markets think kinds rules follow book universities called creating market university academic science economic engine looking science entrepreneurial course story ended coming ended policy centric story expected takeaways book 70s policy makers seized idea technological innovation drives economic growthp pand powerful argument politically creating policies ended promoting entrepreneurship scientists kind partly got interested economic thinking actually affect politics think piece personal level somebody came age 90s grew politically person whos fairly progressive growing era thinking felt like range policy options constrained felt like constrained particular way think sitting mind long time shaped started think question drove time growing intellectual interestsp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong book pretty concrete history lot specific stories people institutions brought transformation tell couple favorites actors actually bring aboutp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah mean think set people enjoy reading learning group economists coming rand corporation 1960s rand corporation people today think purely defense lot research education health areas time defense think tank hired lot economists try help solve problems air force basically figure going defend potential soviet attack cost effectively possible basically set people rand guy leader economics department guy named charles hitch think hes interesting characterp phes mild mannered somebody oral history describes kind guy wears suit picnic hes got particular low key person ends coming washington 1960 robert mcnamara mcnamara finds folks rand thinks great scale budgeting methods developed economists grounded broadly economic thinking introduce defense department hitch brings starts implement seen effectively effective johnson 1965 decides roll federal agenciesp pand critical moment somebody influence specific policy domain ends creating lot changes downstream effects way think budget budgeting decisions generally governmentp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong transformation helps explain transformation democratic party got 90s familiar explains theres set factors explained case explain distinction maybe guess convince trends democratic party resurgence republican party conservative movementp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong think mean focus book thats happening democratic mean piece thats conservative economic piece thats particularly influential antitrust areas look 100 story democrats thing techniques im talking moments spaces economic reasoning built new places washington policy offices created like cbo created congressional budget office projects driven people associated democratic party people think government important role play theyre trying figure work better cost effectivep pthey pretty influential party influence isnt giving advice specific politicians specific presidents building infrastructure supports way thinking growth new kinds think tanks research shops places like urban institute creation public policy schools direct response new techniques demand people trained able produce kinds analyses built democratic party republicans time reagan elected lot stuff place reagan approaches economics differently tends use supports lines existing policy preferences rejects cases doesnt selective use economics case example carter administrationp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong story economist thinking economistic thinking conservative thinking extent economistic thinking inherently conservative comparison like sociology alternative story economics influential effect like sociology influential conservatizing effect insteadp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong mean good question think way disciplines dont necessarily inherent moral political valence kind emerge configurations tools frameworks ideas responding broader outside pressures combination responses whats going world combination new ideas people developing ground different disciplinary spaces dont think discipline necessarily conservative conservative tilt think pretty significant shift disciplines time toop pbut think theres way economics influential discipline end having lot ties money basically business finance financial interests think indirectly point particular set questions shape range answers people willing consider think discipline tied status quo ways going conservative tendencies isnt necessarily thats going true person discipline thats necessarily going bep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong alternative history like sociology influential kinds institutions develop sociologicalization governmentp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong im sociologist im sure advocate putting sociologists charge think clear people coming different disciplines going bring different frameworks policy problems going think different ways think example think concept power policy context economists talk market power specifically narrow form power thats ability raise prices dont tend theoretically work broader conception power sociologists think political scientists greater degree mind thats central analytical lens think shapes think kinds policies sense think political implications technical ones different placesp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong track development masters public policy schools instantiation economic influence feeds academia perspective like public policy schools concerned equality diverse range disciplines represented extent institutions set motion economists going extent different shape startp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong policy schools super interesting space historically right think important thing mind policy schools kind liberal way policy schools basically figuring government policy youre starting point government idea youre sorting build career figuring doesnt fit right day think policy schools liberal sense interesting think youve got going historically public policy programs interdisciplinary broadly oriented microeconomics typically microeconomics core classes theyre cost benefit analysis closely tied central curriculum theres lots disciplines represented policy programsp pbut interesting mean think shift years greater focus equality like said progressive goals think policy schools interesting think maybe mean piece larger political fracture fact theres fewer conservatives academia people arent necessarily conversation anymore think theres piece student driven people ive talked students enrolling masters public policy programs look different 10 years ago different set concerns think way schools responding thats perception theres little bit thats changep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong book told perspective skepticism transformations wanted chance pro case planning budgeting economic thinking positive aspects worth keepingp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah think anytime youre talking involves governance significant way think youre going need quantification formal tools able evaluate think whats actually happening comes like cost benefit analysis talk somewhat mildly critically book dont rid abolish youre going need consider cost sense thats pretty fundamental policy making think advocate instead explicitly revisiting assumptions based way acknowledgement neutral tools choices like cost benefit analysis implications ownp pbut theres lot places think economics brings lot value policy think big example comes mind causal inference revolution couple decades idea new tools come economics help think measure effect policy think measuring outcomes statistically convincing way places think lot value addedp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong youre focusing microeconomic tools little bit comparison compare contrast economists influential macro versus micro took different forms casep pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrongyeah right talk microeconomics book chapter looks little bit history macro macroeconomics took trajectory washington think influenced different kinds channels macro came washington earlier micro youre talking 30s 40s 1960s 70s influential particularly points time influence think narrower ways concerned specific policy domains youre specifically talking monetary policy fiscal policy inflation got particular think channeled specific institutions think youve got macro economists influential policy advisors depending charge institutions like fedp pi think whats distinctive microeconomics timeframe way thinking apply type policy works policy domain influence diffused different kinds policy making different policy areas built institutions use making policy developing regulations working details policy actually works way thats distinct macrop pstrongmatt grossmannstrong trends youre tracking happened degree rich world tell tell specific stories tell came power werent necessarily necessary come power lots different contexts tell movement worldwide theres path explain rest worldp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah think theres ways answer yeah think given governments developed course 20th century given way broader systems knowledge developed think going trends formalization quantification going play governments places way roughly periods regardless happened happened centered economics took particular form piece think broader trend developing tools managing governmentp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong political theres sort case different trajectory 1970s welfare state comparative literature doesnt trajectories changed 1970s kind story says 30s 70s governments took particular turns hasnt building governmentp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong right right think piece kind early direction partly diffusion story think particularly ways public management techniques diffuse outward institutions necessarily happening government academia building ties transnational organizations build communities people countries roughly set tools roughly types training think theres piece diffuses outward takes slightly different formsp pand things like new public management 90s lot overlap think theres space hegemon point global centrality academia ideas tools techniques spread outward therep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong specificity story government lot similar kinds technique certainly use nonprofit sector increasingly corporate sector story economic thinking increasing use personal life self help kinds things bigger trend economists infiltrating government like broader rise kind thinking thinkp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah think wanted tell story century start scientific management kind built way think general idea going continue find ways try use calculation different kinds activities effective cost effective possible goes development institutions 20th centuryp pi think ends happening tools different kind contexts end developed specific ways locally specific extent kinds techniques actually developed economics discipline spread outward tend carry certain ways thinking problems maybe certain standards evidence certain assumptions value efficiency sort value based assumptions associated think kinds things maybe actually grounded discipline broad spread broad category techniques matters exactly come fromp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong biden administration started talk going change trajectory real personnel differences clinton obama terms kinds economists non economists theyve brought roles point looks likelier result major policy change different direction guess think current prospects suggest guess ideational change change intellectual influence isnt actually constraints political system spectrump pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah despite having written book ideas matter dont think think structural constraints ultimately going important ideas kind evolve response broader structural environment yeah dont think ideas think fact sort ofp pdo think fact ambitious things biden talked beginning administration theres green new deal like things coming fruition dont think necessarily means isnt real change think overton window moved bit terms kinds policies seriously considered seriously debated theres lot things table wouldve pretty unthinkable 5 10 years ago think longterm story change dont think going dramatic change period couple years think pretty interesting new appointees actually moved needle terms talking dont change terms whats actually donep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong whats assessment biden administration use tools different kinds advisors succeeded difference practice government considers policy administrative centers policy planning work words sort internal story changing scenesp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah think specific examples kind change think antitrust visible pointed ways change conflict different approaches thinking antitrust interesting policy domains look bunch economics influence able define terms antitrust policy ended written case law embodied enforcement agencies antitrust redefined having specifically goal economists thought pursuing allocative efficiencyp pright youve got people necessarily onboard framework leading antitrust division ftc interesting think creating lot conflict think places spent lot time talking matters particular kinds thinking built particular agencies antitrust division want try needle oh think kinds corporate power focusing purely consumer welfare focusing prices theres challenges youve got agency thats filled people oriented way thinking think conflicts played interesting ways think itll interesting actually looks like years comep pstrongmatt grossmannstrong advice dont want opponents viewpoint learn success kind thinking creation sets tools institutions way policyp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah sexy sound bite think things important takeaway matters agencies guts washington right important think veto points regulations actually hammered defined interested advocating ways thinking problems unglamorous places economic thinking naturalized places need think making change long run think thinking build different infrastructure long run opens ideas creates alternatives themp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong disciplines economics certainly changing political science economics word inequality sociologists certainly theres new agendas extent learn internal story economics discipline brought people want disciplines different directionp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah think theres huge change economics right theres explosion research thats focused inequality inequalities sense theres attention labor right right theres lot focus things like labor market monopsony idea concentration maybe factor driving wages discipline think evolved lot think potential continue thatp pi think things people entering discipline going drive changes right like saying people currently enrolling masters public policy programs maybe looking little bit different 10 years ago think youre seeing thing economics people going drive research agenda generation theres lots room movementp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong whats describe buck project route didnt wanted highlightp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah think im sure im going promise book project piece story want continue dive economist economists got interested market governance piece story think theres big story policy changes 1980s restructured markets hasnt fully told think conventional account business interests tax cuts deregulation stuff tends appeal wonky stuff think theres lot pieces story havent told thats thing im looking atp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong guess reception book far economists weve talked think sort de taunt sociology economics direction fieldp pstrongelizabeth popp bermanstrong yeah interesting tried walk line book obviously critical economics ways time think economics lot valuable tools lot people like common cause think ive certainly number economists express interest think find value im trying time im sure people going somebody coming outside discipline offering critique dont necessarily economics having kinds effects particularly think clear theres lots ways economics doesnt effects right economists dont room washington policy pronouncement people listen subtler channels influence think importantp pi guess book came little bit better sense hope economists dont like book feel like fair representation actually happened politics period look atp pstrongmatt grossmannstrong theres lot learn science politics available biweekly niskanen center democracy group network im host matt grossman liked discussion check previous related episodes think youll like change americans views inequality left right undermine trust government inflation hurts presidents medias fault rising inequality doesnt stimulate political action lawyers rule american politics thanks elizabeth popp berman joining check emthinking like economistem listen timep pphoto credit relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwistockphotocomphotoseriesofusaruffledflagswithdemocraticpartysymboloveritgm675048688123773349 target_blankistockap pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpswwwniskanencenterorgdideconomistsmovedemocratstotherightdid economists democrats righta appeared relnofollow hrefhttpswwwniskanencenterorgniskanen centerap

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The West lets guilt blind it to reality in Rwanda

pthe democratic world has always had a double standard when it comes to dictators some we oppose vociferously while others we quietly allow to get on with itp pmoney and big business usually play a role in this hypocrisy our governments say little about human rights abuses in countries such as saudi arabia because a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomcomment202203moreoilfromsaudiarabiaseriously target_blankwe need their oila the chinese government is given a free pass because we want them to build our nuclear power stations and while politicians may today wrap themselves in the blue and yellow of ukraine only yesterday they were happy to allow money stolen from the ukrainian and russian people to be safely stashed in londons corrupted property marketp panother factor that leads some in the west to turn a blind eye to human rights abuses is guilt paul kagame rwandas dictator since 2000 has cunningly weaponised this guilt to remain in good odour with the west during a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomculturebooks202104donotdisturbpaulkagamemichelawrongreview target_blankmore than two decades in powerap pkagame has long been championed by western elites bill clinton the former us president has called him one of the greatest leaders of our time tony blair has praised his visionary leadership the uk gives kagames regime 54m a year and wellmeaning conservative mps hold rwanda up as an example of responsible african governance to sell the 07 per cent uk aid target to sceptical backbenchersp pone might even call this aid guilt money this guilt is one legacy of the wests inaction a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworld201404ifgenocidescalerwandahappenedeuropewouldwestandidly target_blankduring the 1994 genocidea in which 800000 tutsis were massacred by tribesmen from rwandas hutu majority the 100day orgy of violence took place at a time when much like today isolationism was back in vogue in the west whose leaders had little appetite for humanitarian intervention elsewhere at that time as bosnian serb forces massacred bosnian muslims during the wars in the former yugoslavia the british foreign secretary douglas hurd adapted margaret thatchers amoral domestic mantra and declared that there was no such thing as the international community the bodies began to pile up and today the political class feels guilty about itp pand so we return to kagame a tutsi who came to power following the genocide and a former intelligence officer the rwandan president was in his younger days nicknamed pilato after pontius pilate due to his relish for executing suspected informers pilate ordered jesuss executionp psince coming to power in 2000 kagames rwandan patriotic front rpf movement has ruled over the countrys 12 million inhabitants with an iron fist human rights watch cited a climate of intimidation harassment and other abuse during a 2010 plebiscite organised to celebrate kagames decade in office opposition parties were forbidden from fielding candidates due to spurious legal and administrative rulings kagame was subsequently elected for a second sevenyear term with 93 percent of the vote he was elected again in 2017 with 9863 per cent of the vote a mandate that would make the leaders of north korea blushp pyet western leaders hardly batted an eyelid guilt for their inaction during the genocide played its part but so did a racism of low expectations listening to western politicians talk about africa one gets the perception that africans are held to a lower standard because they are assumed to be both less capable and more easily corruptible when asked in 2013 about kagames questionable human rights record bill clinton said that he made more allowances for a government that produces as much progress as this onep pwhat kagame apparently had going for him was economic growth and to be sure kagames government has overseen dramatic improvements in the fields of healthcare and education economic growth frequently stands at 7 percent the numbers do not lie kagame told the panafrican magazine emjeune afriqueem in 2017p pyet while the numbers themselves may not lie there is evidence that those in charge of the economic data have fiddled them according to a comprehensive 2017 emfinancial timesem investigation far from being an economic miracle poverty actually increased in rwanda during the boom years of kagames rule indeed the emftsem investigation referred to a consistent attempt since 2015 to misrepresent the results regarding povertyp pthe report was described as western propaganda by the rwandan government and rejected by the world bank which had been credulously singing kagames praises as a moderniser ever since he first came to powerp pthe rwandan governments retort to the emftsem investigation was wide of the mark because kagame remains the wests favourite dictator indeed kagame is still treated with kid gloves by the west after 23 years unopposed in power he can regularly be seen hobnobbing with the global elite at davosp pnow kagame is set to play a role in britains immigration policy boris johnsons government announced last week that rwanda would soon begin processing asylum seekers attempting to come to the united kingdom the a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomenvironmentclimate202111howforestsarehelpingrwandahealtheclimateanditscommunities target_blankcontroversial schemea will see migrants who arrive in the uk via the english channel or other irregular routes deported to rwanda as part of a a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwgovukgovernmentnewsworldfirstpartnershiptotackleglobalmigrationcrisis target_blankmigration and economic development partnershipa between britain and rwanda kagames government is set to receive 120 million from britain towards an economic development program the home office has said that those who receive refugee status will be given full rights in rwandap pif western elites had a less blinkered view of rwanda and kagame they would probably not use such hollow phrases rwanda today is a country where elections are rigged independent journalists are imprisoned and former allies and critics of the president are hunted down abroad or forcibly disappeared at home three rwandan exiles living in london were warned in 2011 by scotland yard that they were potential targets of kagames assassins patrick karegeya a former rwandan intelligence chief was found suffocated in a hotel room in south africa on new years day in 2014p pas for poverty reduction i suppose you could call it that while the imf and world bank wax enthusiastically about rwandas openness to foreign capital the homeless of the countrys capital kigali are herded into reeducation camps where they can be held for months without charge and subjected to vicious beatingsp prwanda is not the model of economic development and political stability that some in the west a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancompolitics201211seriousquestionsremainandrewmitchellaidrwanda target_blankwish to seea evidence of human rights abuses perpetrated by the kagame regime is abundant after 23 years of kagames rule rwanda is clearly not the singapore of africa as it is often calledp peducated africawatchers can see what rwanda is becoming the question for us britons is what are emweem becoming as a country if we think its ok to send some of the worlds most vulnerable refugees to rwandap

pthe democratic world double standard comes dictators oppose vociferously quietly allow itp pmoney big business usually play role hypocrisy governments little human rights abuses countries saudi arabia relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomcomment202203moreoilfromsaudiarabiaseriously target_blankwe need oila chinese government given free pass want build nuclear power stations politicians today wrap blue yellow ukraine yesterday happy allow money stolen ukrainian russian people safely stashed londons corrupted property marketp panother factor leads west turn blind eye human rights abuses guilt paul kagame rwandas dictator 2000 cunningly weaponised guilt remain good odour west relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomculturebooks202104donotdisturbpaulkagamemichelawrongreview target_blankmore decades powerap pkagame long championed western elites bill clinton president called greatest leaders time tony blair praised visionary leadership uk gives kagames regime 54m year wellmeaning conservative mps hold rwanda example responsible african governance sell 07 cent uk aid target sceptical backbenchersp pone aid guilt money guilt legacy wests inaction relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworld201404ifgenocidescalerwandahappenedeuropewouldwestandidly target_blankduring 1994 genocidea 800000 tutsis massacred tribesmen rwandas hutu majority 100day orgy violence took place time like today isolationism vogue west leaders little appetite humanitarian intervention time bosnian serb forces massacred bosnian muslims wars yugoslavia british foreign secretary douglas hurd adapted margaret thatchers amoral domestic mantra declared thing international community bodies began pile today political class feels guilty itp pand return kagame tutsi came power following genocide intelligence officer rwandan president younger days nicknamed pilato pontius pilate relish executing suspected informers pilate ordered jesuss executionp psince coming power 2000 kagames rwandan patriotic rpf movement ruled countrys 12 million inhabitants iron fist human rights watch cited climate intimidation harassment abuse 2010 plebiscite organised celebrate kagames decade office opposition parties forbidden fielding candidates spurious legal administrative rulings kagame subsequently elected second sevenyear term 93 percent vote elected 2017 9863 cent vote mandate leaders north korea blushp pyet western leaders hardly batted eyelid guilt inaction genocide played racism low expectations listening western politicians talk africa gets perception africans held lower standard assumed capable easily corruptible asked 2013 kagames questionable human rights record bill clinton said allowances government produces progress onep pwhat kagame apparently going economic growth sure kagames government overseen dramatic improvements fields healthcare education economic growth frequently stands 7 percent numbers lie kagame told panafrican magazine emjeune afriqueem 2017p pyet numbers lie evidence charge economic data fiddled according comprehensive 2017 emfinancial timesem investigation far economic miracle poverty actually increased rwanda boom years kagames rule emftsem investigation referred consistent attempt 2015 misrepresent results povertyp pthe report described western propaganda rwandan government rejected world bank credulously singing kagames praises moderniser came powerp pthe rwandan governments retort emftsem investigation wide mark kagame remains wests favourite dictator kagame treated kid gloves west 23 years unopposed power regularly seen hobnobbing global elite davosp pnow kagame set play role britains immigration policy boris johnsons government announced week rwanda soon begin processing asylum seekers attempting come united kingdom relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomenvironmentclimate202111howforestsarehelpingrwandahealtheclimateanditscommunities target_blankcontroversial schemea migrants arrive uk english channel irregular routes deported rwanda relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwgovukgovernmentnewsworldfirstpartnershiptotackleglobalmigrationcrisis target_blankmigration economic development partnershipa britain rwanda kagames government set receive 120 million britain economic development program home office said receive refugee status given rights rwandap pif western elites blinkered view rwanda kagame probably use hollow phrases rwanda today country elections rigged independent journalists imprisoned allies critics president hunted abroad forcibly disappeared home rwandan exiles living london warned 2011 scotland yard potential targets kagames assassins patrick karegeya rwandan intelligence chief found suffocated hotel room south africa new years day 2014p pas poverty reduction suppose imf world bank wax enthusiastically rwandas openness foreign capital homeless countrys capital kigali herded reeducation camps held months charge subjected vicious beatingsp prwanda model economic development political stability west relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancompolitics201211seriousquestionsremainandrewmitchellaidrwanda target_blankwish seea evidence human rights abuses perpetrated kagame regime abundant 23 years kagames rule rwanda clearly singapore africa calledp peducated africawatchers rwanda question britons emweem country think ok send worlds vulnerable refugees rwandap

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Liberalism and the Universality Trap

img altliberalism and the universality trap srchttpswisdomofcrowdslivecontentimages202204trapjpgpwe have some exciting news the political philosopher samuel kimbriel author of a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomgpproduct0199363986refas_li_qf_asin_il_tlieutf8tagthewaspos0920creative9325linkcodeas2creativeasin0199363986linkid9d6a84bff5d3424e0cd9a4a36f111e3aemfriendship as sacred knowing overcoming isolationemaem emis joining theem wisdom of crowdsem team as a contributing writer youll recognize him from his recent essay quota hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivedeathandmoralityinthewaronukrainedeath and morality in the war on ukraineaquot and his appearance on the a hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivephilosophyukraineandfinitudepodcasta samuel is a brilliant mind and we are lucky to have him write for us ppshadi hamid and damir marusicphrpin adam curtiss 2015 documentary embitter lake emthere is a hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvwdrvpsfjm1wa scenea in which a young british ngo worker gives a lecture to a darkened room of afghan women quotdoes anyone know what it is i dont expect the ladies to knowquot she says looking over to a projection screen quotan artist called marcel duchampput this emtoiletemquot she emphasizes the word quotin an art gallery about a hundred years ago it was a huge revolutionquot she says ppthe scene is strangely disconcerting the looks that fall across the afghan womens faces seem very different from the fashionable shock duchamp was aiming to prompt in his overlysatiated new york audience the effect seems more personal invasive whatever else a hrefhttpswwwnewyorkercomnewsletterfromtheukadamcurtisexplainsitallone may makea of curtiss filmmaking it is remarkable to see so many threads of our political problems drawn together into a single 45 second clipppthat moment is haunting because it feels familiar in one frame lecturer and students seem at ease embodying what looks like a kind of universal commonality in the next and without any warning they stare at one another across a chasm without any idea of how it opened or how to span it ppwhat seems delicateand perhaps even dangerousabout our current moment is that we cant quite figure out why quotthe commonquot is collapsing or whether it even existed in the first place ppcenterbb centerppive found myself thinking a lot recently about how western societies handle emdifferenceem its the question at the center of the political theorist liam brights excellent essay a hrefhttpssootyempiricblogspotcom202204whyiamnotliberalhtmlwhy im not a liberalaem emwhich a hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdsliveistheresuchathingasthecommongoodshadi also wrote aboutaem emwhat came through clearly in that essay as well as subsequent a hrefhttpstwittercomzackbeauchampstatus1511306267272351748s20tsyn5mvdlkx7au7z69ftabadebatea is that liberalismin the old 18th century sense of quota free societyquotseems to have arranged a unique kind of trap for itselfppthe embrace of diversity is central to liberalisms sense of its own worth francis fukuyama for example opens his recent essay on ukraine stating quotliberalism is in peril the fundamentals of liberal societies are tolerance of difference respect for individual rights and the rule of lawquot this strand was there from the beginning the french revolutionsem declaration of the rights of man ememphasizes not only that rights are to be held equally by all citizens but also that the exercise of those rights should have quotno limits except those which assure to the other members of the society the enjoyment of the same rightsquotppin making lofty claims for its capacity to facilitate all types of diversity liberalism has likewise been emphatic in its universalism john locke founds his system on the recognition that quotbeing all equal and independent no one ought to harm another in his life health liberty or possessionsquot in emthe declaration of independenceem jefferson takes up the point with the famous quotall men are createdquot the emdeclaration of the rights of manem asserts quotthe natural unalienable and sacred rights of manquotpdiv dataplaceholdersubscribedivpthere is something very delicate about the position liberalism has developed for itself its theory involves powerful assertions regarding the universal embrace of diversity its practice in contrast has always involved specific states guarding their interests fukuyama has been fully in keeping with the tradition for example to argue in the context of the ukraine crisis that a hrefhttpswwwforeignaffairscomarticlesukraine20220401francisfukuyamaliberalismcountryparticular national statesa must serve as the guarantors of liberal rights in the words of the french emdeclaration emquotthe security of the rights of man and of the citizen requires public military forcesquotppthe tension between the universality of the ideal and the specificity of the practice also shows up in one of the foundational texts of our international system immanuel kants emtoward perpetual peace emkant sets out numerous principles now familiar for the way they seem to echo in entities like the united nations and european union quotno state shall violently interfere with the constitution and administration of anotherquot and quotthe law of nations shall be founded on a federation of free statesquotppeven as he asserts the warmth of republican government internally which quotaccords with the principles of the freedom of the members of a societyquot kant expresses significant hostility to anyone who would refuse to accept these conditions quota man or a people who is merely in a state of nature denies me this security and injures me merely by being in this state for although he does not actively emfactoem injure me he does so by virtue of the lawlessness of his statei can require him either to enter with me into a state of civil law or to remove himself from my surroundingsquotppthe magnanimous embrace of diversity in other words must be built and maintained by hard and often overwhelming powerppcenterbb centerppdespite the mainstream intensity of the liberalism debates ive tended to swerve clear of taking a strong stand not because i think the debates are insignificant but because i cant help but have the sense that emliberalism emis not in fact the central question pppolitical life has always been lived on the edge of an abyss for all the friendship and community and solidarity one can build one can still turn to realize that the person sitting across the table remains elusive alien it is this foundational sense of difference that seems to be the basic political question from smallscale human community to supranational treaty structures the challenge has always been to calibrate to what was classically called the problem quotof the one and the manyquot swerve too far toward the many and you get fragmentation and instability swerve toward oneness and you get enforced conformity usually followed by instability againppthe core question in any case is how much can human beings actually build with one another and how can it be done to face the full reality of difference need not imply a reduction of politics to perpetual hostility in fact it is astonishing just how much sacrifice and loyalty and communal vitality there has been throughout political history a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomgodsmenlambertwilsondpb0056ajmcgeven in contexts wherea those actions are entirely against the principle of quotinterestquot the point in other words is not that quotthe commonquot is impossible but that it is hardpdiv dataplaceholdersubscribedivpnor is a desire for universality necessarily crippling other political formsislam christianity marxismhave shared an aspiration toward a future universality but in all of those cases the path to it has always seemed remote and arduous hence the emphasis on conversion what is haunting about politicsall politicsis just how fragile our structures end up being this was the point of the a hrefhttpscommonswikimediaorgwikifilele28099hortus_deliciarumjpgold quotfortunaquot traditionaits no bad thing to remind princes or clerics of how quickly they can be thrown off into the dustppassertions of universal dignity or commonality are all well and good if they then prompt a wrestling with the realities of deep difference giving impetus to mediate them such language however can also act to paper over difference asserting a kind of commonality that allows us to evade the effort to cultivate it ppits time for us to shed the abstraction of the debates about liberalismbut also the abstraction of liberalism itself abstractions and generalizations that pretend to resolve difference by repairing to a higher vantage point often cause us to lose sight of the fleshly challenge posed by the person or persons standing in front of us ppnot surprisingly abstraction also distracts us from more practical tasks what are the resources available that can actually help us to build deep and lasting political community overly general assertions of universality dont seem to have been able to do it overwhelming violence alone a hrefhttpswwwjstororgstable24356590searchtextarendt20on20violencesearchuri2faction2fdobasicsearch3fquery3darendt2bon2bviolence26so3drelab_segments02fsyc62942ftest_segment_2refreqidfastlydefault3a386b9490e0740d45dfbe77d252551b5ecant eithera nor apparently can an elephantine a hrefhttpswwwnytimescominteractive20191209worldmiddleeastafghanistanwarcosthtmlinfusion of casha after these distractions are put aside the question that remains is a much more human onewhat does it take to build a commonppp

img altliberalism universality trap srchttpswisdomofcrowdslivecontentimages202204trapjpgpwe exciting news political philosopher samuel kimbriel author hrefhttpswwwamazoncomgpproduct0199363986refas_li_qf_asin_il_tlieutf8tagthewaspos0920creative9325linkcodeas2creativeasin0199363986linkid9d6a84bff5d3424e0cd9a4a36f111e3aemfriendship sacred knowing overcoming isolationemaem emis joining theem wisdom crowdsem team contributing writer youll recognize recent essay quota hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivedeathandmoralityinthewaronukrainedeath morality war ukraineaquot appearance hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdslivephilosophyukraineandfinitudepodcasta samuel brilliant mind lucky write ppshadi hamid damir marusicphrpin adam curtiss 2015 documentary embitter lake emthere hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomwatchvwdrvpsfjm1wa scenea young british ngo worker gives lecture darkened room afghan women quotdoes know dont expect ladies knowquot says looking projection screen quotan artist called marcel duchampput emtoiletemquot emphasizes word quotin art gallery years ago huge revolutionquot says ppthe scene strangely disconcerting looks fall afghan womens faces different fashionable shock duchamp aiming prompt overlysatiated new york audience effect personal invasive hrefhttpswwwnewyorkercomnewsletterfromtheukadamcurtisexplainsitallone makea curtiss filmmaking remarkable threads political problems drawn single 45 second clipppthat moment haunting feels familiar frame lecturer students ease embodying looks like kind universal commonality warning stare chasm idea opened span ppwhat delicateand dangerousabout current moment cant figure quotthe commonquot collapsing existed place ppcenterbb centerppive found thinking lot recently western societies handle emdifferenceem question center political theorist liam brights excellent essay hrefhttpssootyempiricblogspotcom202204whyiamnotliberalhtmlwhy im liberalaem emwhich hrefhttpswisdomofcrowdsliveistheresuchathingasthecommongoodshadi wrote aboutaem emwhat came clearly essay subsequent hrefhttpstwittercomzackbeauchampstatus1511306267272351748s20tsyn5mvdlkx7au7z69ftabadebatea liberalismin old 18th century sense quota free societyquotseems arranged unique kind trap itselfppthe embrace diversity central liberalisms sense worth francis fukuyama example opens recent essay ukraine stating quotliberalism peril fundamentals liberal societies tolerance difference respect individual rights rule lawquot strand beginning french revolutionsem declaration rights man ememphasizes rights held equally citizens exercise rights quotno limits assure members society enjoyment rightsquotppin making lofty claims capacity facilitate types diversity liberalism likewise emphatic universalism john locke founds system recognition quotbeing equal independent ought harm life health liberty possessionsquot emthe declaration independenceem jefferson takes point famous quotall men createdquot emdeclaration rights manem asserts quotthe natural unalienable sacred rights manquotpdiv dataplaceholdersubscribedivpthere delicate position liberalism developed theory involves powerful assertions universal embrace diversity practice contrast involved specific states guarding interests fukuyama fully keeping tradition example argue context ukraine crisis hrefhttpswwwforeignaffairscomarticlesukraine20220401francisfukuyamaliberalismcountryparticular national statesa serve guarantors liberal rights words french emdeclaration emquotthe security rights man citizen requires public military forcesquotppthe tension universality ideal specificity practice shows foundational texts international system immanuel kants emtoward perpetual peace emkant sets numerous principles familiar way echo entities like united nations european union quotno state shall violently interfere constitution administration anotherquot quotthe law nations shall founded federation free statesquotppeven asserts warmth republican government internally quotaccords principles freedom members societyquot kant expresses significant hostility refuse accept conditions quota man people merely state nature denies security injures merely state actively emfactoem injure virtue lawlessness statei require enter state civil law remove surroundingsquotppthe magnanimous embrace diversity words built maintained hard overwhelming powerppcenterbb centerppdespite mainstream intensity liberalism debates ive tended swerve clear taking strong stand think debates insignificant cant help sense emliberalism emis fact central question pppolitical life lived edge abyss friendship community solidarity build turn realize person sitting table remains elusive alien foundational sense difference basic political question smallscale human community supranational treaty structures challenge calibrate classically called problem quotof manyquot swerve far fragmentation instability swerve oneness enforced conformity usually followed instability againppthe core question case human beings actually build face reality difference need imply reduction politics perpetual hostility fact astonishing sacrifice loyalty communal vitality political history hrefhttpswwwamazoncomgodsmenlambertwilsondpb0056ajmcgeven contexts wherea actions entirely principle quotinterestquot point words quotthe commonquot impossible hardpdiv dataplaceholdersubscribedivpnor desire universality necessarily crippling political formsislam christianity marxismhave shared aspiration future universality cases path remote arduous emphasis conversion haunting politicsall politicsis fragile structures end point hrefhttpscommonswikimediaorgwikifilele28099hortus_deliciarumjpgold quotfortunaquot traditionaits bad thing remind princes clerics quickly thrown dustppassertions universal dignity commonality good prompt wrestling realities deep difference giving impetus mediate language act paper difference asserting kind commonality allows evade effort cultivate ppits time shed abstraction debates liberalismbut abstraction liberalism abstractions generalizations pretend resolve difference repairing higher vantage point cause lose sight fleshly challenge posed person persons standing ppnot surprisingly abstraction distracts practical tasks resources available actually help build deep lasting political community overly general assertions universality dont able overwhelming violence hrefhttpswwwjstororgstable24356590searchtextarendt20on20violencesearchuri2faction2fdobasicsearch3fquery3darendt2bon2bviolence26so3drelab_segments02fsyc62942ftest_segment_2refreqidfastlydefault3a386b9490e0740d45dfbe77d252551b5ecant eithera apparently elephantine hrefhttpswwwnytimescominteractive20191209worldmiddleeastafghanistanwarcosthtmlinfusion casha distractions aside question remains human onewhat build commonppp

6261db505c68b81998d6132c

Serfing the Future?

img altserfing the future srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204jeremybezangerer1ks2n0ureunsplashjpgpppland ownership has shaped civilizations from their beginnings with a constant interplay between great powersthe aristocracy the state the church the emperorand those below them history has oscillated between periods of greater dispersion of ownership and those that favored greater concentrationpptoday we live in an era of evergreater consolidation not from knights in armor or communist cadres but from the forces of big capital and an evermore intrusive regulatory state the result has been a hrefhttpswwwcbsnewscomnewsrealestatehomepricenearsrecord400000recordhigh housing pricesa well above the increase in incomes resulting in a systematic decline in the ability of people particularly the young to a hrefhttpswwwreuterscomworldusfirsttimeushomebuyersfeelingdefeatedbysoaringpricesrisingrates20220315buy their own housea as prices rise even in less expensive areas a hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesushomesalesjumped67injanuaryamidrecordlowinventory11645196860supplya also faces great constraints due in part to labor and supplychain woes and the demand shock of the pandemic and remote work ppunless reversed young people will be forced into a lifetime of rental serfdom the assets that drove a hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomfamilyarchive202204homeownershipfirsthousehappinesspsychology629529middleclass stabilitya wider a hrefhttpswwwhocmnorgwpcontentuploads201909socialbenefitsofhomeownership2pdfsocial benefita and subsidized comfortable retirements will likely not be available to them property remains key to financial security homeowners have a median net worth more than 40 times that of renters according to the a hrefhttpswwwcensusgovdatatables2014demowealthwealthassetownershiphtmlcensus bureaua shoving prospective homeowners into the rental market not only depresses their ambitions but it also a hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20220204insizzlingushousingmarketnormalisalongwayoffforces up rentsa which hurts poorer households and even a hrefhttpswwwlatimescomcaliforniastory20220217blackbusinessownersfightleimertparkgentrificationsolid minority neighborhoodsappbut this impacts far more than just finances low affordability and high rents tend to a hrefhttpspapersssrncomsol3paperscfmabstract_id2846173depress the fertility ratea contributing to what is rapidly becoming a demographic implosion in many countries more important still dispersed property ownership has long been intimately tied to democracy while concentration tends to characterize autocracies whether of the statedominated variety or that of big capitalpphow we reverted to a feudalistic state is a complex and infuriating story critical to this change has been a planning theology that holds density itself as intrinsically good and that purposely seeks to block housing on the periphery for societal and environmental reasons where implemented this approach has driven up prices as evident in places like sydney vancouver san francisco london and paris this has been a hrefhttpswwwcitywatchlacomindexphpneighborhoodpoliticshidden23610theurbangrowthmachinestrikesbackfbclidiwar3d0ragnih4d5dqgpxfze_ye64_cuzz4gfh2arktjtwgsnuhbmg5v5wxr0a boon to speculators and wellheeled developersa but makes middleclass housing unaffordable to the middle class and intensifies the poverty of a hrefhttpsurbanreforminstituteorgwpcontentuploads201901towardmoreequitableurbangrowthpdfpoorer residentsappthe a hrefhttpwwwagenda21coursecomcitizensincaliforniasbayareafighttostoppackandstackbuildingpack and stacka planning vision has been widely adopted even in landrich countries like a hrefhttpswwwplanningorgaudocumentsitem5304australiaa this ad from the new south wales government promises an urban paradise of sortspfigureimg srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204image2png altserfing the future width790 height1092figurepthis as many sydneysiders will tell you is not exactly what happened instead of flocking to the city research by the massachusetts institute of technologyqueens university canada a hrefhttpslcaumiteduprojectamericansuburbsprojectestimates thata nearly 80 percent of australias metropolitan population lives in automobileoriented suburbs or exurbs further more than a hrefhttpsgrattaneduauwpcontentuploads201810909remarkablyadaptiveaustraliancitiesinatimeofgrowthpdf75 percent of employment growtha in sydney and melbourne occurred outside the central business districts between the 2011 and 2016 censuses but due to planning restrictions taxes and fees in the decades since these regulations have been imposed sydney has become one of the anglospheres most expensive cities with prices that have placed most prospective homeowners on the sides indeed under these regulations a hrefhttpwwwdemographiacomdhipdfhouse pricesa have tripled relative to incomes creating conditions where a hrefhttpswwwabcnetaunews20210614surveyhomeownershipnotanoptionformostyoungaustralians100205244twothirds of australiansa now believe that the next generation will never be able to afford a homeppthese trends are distressingly common across the higher income countries the organization for economic cooperation and development oecd reported in ema hrefhttpswwwoecdorgsocialunderpressurethesqueezedmiddleclass689afed1enhtmunder pressure the squeezed middleclassaem that the future of the middleclass is threatened by house prices that have been growing three times faster than household median income over the last two decadesppthis shift reflects at least in part the movement of big capital into housing including foreign investors in 2014 french economist thomas piketty produced a a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomcapitaltwentycenturythomaspikettydp067443000xrefasc_df_067443000xtaghyprod20linkcodedf0hvadid312118059795hvposhvnetwghvrand9209920071445207687hvponehvptwohvqmthvdevchvdvcmdlhvlocinthvlocphy9022395hvtargidpla403916996627psc1widely referenced analysisa of world inequality soon after matthew rognlie of northwestern university a hrefhttpmattrognliecompiketty_diminishing_returnspdffound thata virtually all of pikettys increased inequality was attributable to increased house values in the united states over the past decade the proportion of realestate wealth held by middleclass and working owners a hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesushousingwealthskewedevenmoretowardaffluentoverpastdecade11646838000textfrom252020102520to25202020252c2520about25207125252520of2520the2520increase2520into252025242412520trillion252c2520nar2520saidfell substantiallya while that controlled by the wealthy grew from under 20 percent to over 28 percentppthis trend will be worsened by moves on a hrefhttpswwwglobestcom20220223bfrdemandmightbegreaterthanyouthinkwall streeta to a hrefhttpswwwglobestcom20220214backlashgrowsasrealestategiantsincreasesfrmarketsharekwbacklash2520grows2520as2520real2520estate2520giants2520increase2520sfr2520market2520shareutm_sourceemailutm_mediumenlutm_campaignnationalamalertutm_content20220214utm_termremenlcmpnltrplt4buy up single family homesa further raising their price and then rent them out particularly to a hrefhttpswwwocregistercom20220103millennialsdrivingdemandforsinglefamilyrentalspricedout millennialsa has reached a hrefhttpswwwglobestcom20220217investorsarebuyingarecordshareofushomesrecord proportionsa rather than help middleclass families this supports the rentier classwhich piketty calls the enemy of democracyassuring them of steady profits by collecting rents while the middle class loses its independenceppsome densifiers suggest that forced densification will lower prices in reality virtually all the regions of the world with the highest house prices have regulations designed to encourage development in the inner urban rings and discourage or even ban construction on the more affordable peripheries former world bank principal urban planner alain bertaud describes the associated consequences noting that urban growth boundaries and greenbelts put arbitrary limits on city expansion and that the result is predictably higher pricesppresearch in a hrefhttpswwwlivablecaliforniaorgvancouversmartestplannerprofpatrickcondoncallscaliforniaupzoningacostlymistake2621vancouver canadaa and other locations has shown an association between densification on one hand and higher land prices and diminished housing affordability on the other research on two decades of densification projects in brisbaneaustralias fastest growing citya hrefhttpswwwabsgovaustatisticspeoplepopulationhistoricalpopulationlatestreleasedatadownloadfound thata housing costs rose even with little private development interest in the us meanwhile higher density urban areas have a hrefhttpswwwnewgeographycomcontent007221higherurbandensitiesassociatedwithworsthousingaffordabilitysubstantially higher housing costsa around the world more severe housing and landuse regulation has been associated with losses both the oecd and rognlie urged a hrefhttpswwwlincolninstedupublicationsotheratlasurbanexpansion2016editiona review of such regulationsa which has been associated with severe losses in housing affordabilityppplanners may not have lowered prices or lured people to cities but they have managed to stomp on the aspirations of homeowners even before the pandemic this hit the young in particular including in the a hrefhttpswwwcnbccom20160909millennialswillberentingforalotlongerhtmlunited statesa canada and a hrefhttpswwwmacrobusinesscomau201808saddeathaustralianhomeownershipaustraliaa perhaps nowhere is this hostility to market demands more intense than in california where oligarchic finance has allied itself with progressive planning the a hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlessb10001424052702303302504577323353434618474general thrusta of a hrefhttpswwwchapmaneducommunication_filespolicy_delusionpdfthe states regulatory regimea seeks to limit sprawl to reduce greenhouse gasses from cars and make our communities environmentally more sustainableppthe result coastal californias housing prices relative to incomes have risen nearly three times the national average and now the state suffers from the second lowest homeownership rate in the us after new york most impacted have been california millennials suffering homeownership rates that are a hrefhttpswwwchapmaneduwilkinson_filescdpfadinginsidepdfdiminishinga more quickly than elsewhere in the countryppnor does densification have any of the purported environmental benefits now being pushed by the permanent dc urbancentric establishment such as the a hrefhttpswwwbrookingseduresearchwecantbeattheclimatecrisiswithoutrethinkinglandusebrookings institutiona and a hrefhttpsfinanceyahoocomnewsbidenseekseasehousingshortage102827301htmlthe biden administrationa the prodensity a hrefhttpternercenterberkeleyeduuploadsright_type_right_placepdfterner centera projects that if californias cities followed the density guidelines the impact on emissions would be at best one percent this at a time when we have better less disruptive ways to address emissions for example promoting athome and hybrid work a hrefhttpswwwyahoocomnewshowthereturnofworkerstotheofficecouldimpactclimatechange090025782htmlreduces greenhouse gas emissionsa without embracing a density mantra which is a hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoi10117710780874211065776widely unpopulara in most communitiespprather than impose a density agenda it is now imperative to embrace the growing pace of suburbanization despite all the talk of back to the city suburbs and exurbs account for more than a hrefhttpswwwnewgeographycomcontent006882latestdatashowsprepandemicsuburbanexurbanpopulationgains90 percenta of all us major metropolitan growth since 2010 between 2010 and 2021 a hrefhttpswwwnewgeographycomcontent007037americasdispersingmetrosthe2020populationestimatesthe suburbs and exurbsa of the major metropolitan areas gained two million net domestic migrants while the urban core counties lost 27 million overall according to a recent a hrefhttpslcaumiteduprojectamericansuburbsprojectmit studya roughly 80 percent of the nations metropolitan population lives in autooriented suburbs and exurbs while barely eight percent live in the urban core and another 13 percent live in traditional transitoriented suburbsppthe increased move to the suburbs and smaller cities was evident even before the pandemic and now it has accelerated according to census bureau data cited by brookings a hrefhttpswwwbrookingsedublogtheavenue20220414newcensusdatashowsahugespikeinmovementoutofbigmetroareasduringthepandemicbill freya most large metros are shrinking a hrefhttpswwwredfincomnewsq12022housingmigrationtrendsredfin reportsa that roughly oneinthree moves by their readers was to another region the highest level ever and mostly to less expensive and usually less dense locales this clearly makes the current planning religion particularly misplacedppthese trends can only be amplified by the shift to online work and the continued decline in the historic appeal of dense central business districts which across the west account for a hrefhttpsthefingeronthepulseblogspotcom202202issuburbiasglobalbenchmarkshareofhtmlroughly 13 percenta of all jobs early in the pandemic perhaps a hrefhttpgoaeiorgs05v0xw0dboi0p1gux10z0q42 percenta of the 155 millionstrong us labor force was working from home fulltime up from 57 percent in 2019 and had exceeded the share of workers commuting by transit a hrefhttpsnewsstanfordedu20200629snapshotnewworkinghomeeconomynew researcha from jose maria barrero nicholas bloom and steven j davis suggests that when the pandemic ends a residual fear of proximity and a preference for shorter commutes or none at all will mean that roughly 20 percent or more of all work will be done from home almost four times a hrefhttpswwwnewgeographycomcontent006787theprepandemicriseworkinghometeleworkandbeyondthe alreadygrowing ratea before the pandemicpfigureimg srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204image1png altserfing the future width720 height540figurepthis is not an extravagant claim studies from the national bureau of economic research and from a hrefhttpsnewsuchicagoedustorymuchusstayinghomehowmanyjobscanbedoneremotelythe university of chicagoa suggest this could grow to as much as onethird of the workforce and as high as 50 percent in a hrefhttpsnewsuchicagoedustorymuchusstayinghomehowmanyjobscanbedoneremotelysilicon valleya something reflected in the openness with which a hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlestechcompaniesreopentheirofficesfacebookgoogle11646365155most tech firmsa accept new workstyles roughly 40 percent of all california jobs including 70 percent of higherpaying ones could be done at home according to research by a hrefhttpscenterforjobsorgcaspecialreportscaliforniaworkersmodernizedtelecommutingpoliciestobuildequityandreducecoststhe aa hrefhttpscenterforjobsorgcaspecialreportscaliforniaworkersmodernizedtelecommutingpoliciestobuildequityandreducecostscenter of jobs and the economya moreover advances in artificial intelligence and virtual reality are likely to improve the popularity and feasibility of remote workingppin the process central business districts like new york chicago boston and washington have all suffered far more than surrounding suburban or sunbelt business districts losing both a hrefhttpsfullstackeconomicscomthedonuteffecthowthepandemichollowedoutamericasbiggestcitiesresidentsa and businesses new york has been a hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesmidtownmanhattanwithfewerofficeworkersimaginingtheunthinkable11647941402stobhx3bhaatnq8edreflinkdesktopwebshare_permalinkdisappointinga largely due to a hrefhttpspfnycorgnewspollrevealsemployeeswillresistreturntoofficeuntilcityandsubwaysaresafea rise in crimea employee reluctance to give up a a hrefhttpspfnycorgwpcontentuploads202203morningconsult_pfnyc_03242022pdfmore homecentered lifestylea and a hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20220331newyorkersplantoworkfromhomehalfthetimetextthe2520average2520new2520york2520cityeconomics2520professor2520at2520stanford2520universitygrowing acceptancea of athome or hybrid work among employersppeven san francisco with one of the nations strongest central business districts has suffered a hrefhttpssocketsitecomarchives202107visualizingallthevacantofficespaceinsanfrancisco2htmlrising office vacanciesa now three times the prepandemic levels this is enough to fill the salesforce tower the citys tallest building 12 times things should improve but most companies there according to a a hrefhttpswwwroutefiftycommanagement202108bayareaemployersexpect3daysweekofficebecomenorm184418bay area council surveya expect employees to come to the office three days a week or fewer with barely oneinfive seeing a return to a normal fiveday work weekppthis shift is likely to be resisted by a hrefhttpsnypostcom20210810googleslashingpayforworkfromhomeemployeesbyupto25many managersa who want to frogmarch people back to the office yet some 60 percent of us teleworkers according a hrefhttpswwwgallupcomworkplace283985workingremotelyeffectivegallupresearchsaysyesaspxto gallupa wish to keep working remotely attempts to reverse this situation may prove difficult due to a hrefhttpsfreebeaconcombidenadministrationjobopeningssoartorecordhighasbusinessesstruggletofindworkersdeepseated labor shortagesa you see tons of bold statements companies saying no remote work some companies are saying were getting rid of all of our offices says a hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesremoteworkisthenewsigningbonus11624680029bret taylora president and chief operating officer of salesforce theres like a free market of the future of work and employees are choosing which path that they want to go onppa hrefhttpswwwglobestcom20210823millennialsaredrivinghomesalesamidtheriseinremoteworkkwmillennials2520are2520driving2520home2520sales2520amid2520the2520rise2520in2520remote2520workutm_sourceemailutm_mediumenlutm_campaignmultifamilyalertutm_content20210823utm_termremthese workplace trendsa suggest the suburbs and exurbs are the future nearly twothirds of us millennials prefer this kind of location which is historically tied to single family ownership where millennials go has implications for birthrates which have fallen as housing prices have risen families overwhelmingly favor less dense housing and frequently decide to have children once they buy a house a recent a hrefhttpswwwnberorgdigestfeb12impactrealestatemarketfertilitynational bureau of economic researcha study draws this conclusion seeing a 10 percent increase in home prices leads to a one percent decrease in births among nonhomeowners in an average metropolitan area in chinas yangtze river delta hangzhoushanghainanjing research shows that fertility rates decline materially as house prices increase with a similar finding regarding rentsppthe prevalence of singledom and the culture of childlessness are often portrayed as a hrefhttpwwwrolerebootorgcultureandpoliticsdetails201902whymillennialsarechoosingtobechildfreematters of choicea or even superior environmental a hrefhttpsgristorglivingmillennialmediumchillenlightenmenta but in america at least attitudes about family are a hrefhttpwwwnewgeographycomcontent002919millennials25e225802599homeownershipdreamsdelayednotabandonednot significantly differenta from prior generations albeit with a greater emphasis on gender equality and later births among a hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgsocialtrends20100625childlessnessupamongallwomendownamongwomenwithadvanceddegreeschildless american womena aged 4044 barely six percent are voluntarily childless the a hrefhttpsnewsgallupcompoll191462gallupanalysismillennialsmarriagefamilyaspxvast majority of millennialsa want to get married and have childrenpphigh prices and density are poison to fecundity cities with the most expensive housing and the most density are becoming childless demographic graveyards rich asian cities like hong kong taipei beijing shanghai and seoul suffer fertility rates often barely half of replacement this also applies in the west in highcost cities such as new york paris london los angeles and san francisco in a hrefhttpsworldpopulationreviewcomboroughsmanhattanpopulationmanhattana the ultimate highcost elite urban core the majority of households are not only childless but nearly half are single according to the latest american community survey us census bureau datappultimately as housing challenges reduce birthrates we will likely face economic stagnation in the united states a hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesforeconomyagingpopulationposesdoublewhammy1470249965workforce growtha has slowed to about onethird of the level in 1970 and seems destined to fall even more these figures are even more catastrophic in very lowfertility countries like japan germany and most importantly china chinas a hrefhttpswwwweforumorgagenda201607chinaworkingageingpopulationworkingage populationa those between 15 and 64 years old peaked in 2011 and is now projected to drop 23 percent by 2050 with 60 million fewer people under the age of 15a loss approximately the size of italys total population the ratio of retirees to working people is expected to have more than tripled by then which would be one of the most rapid demographic shifts in history by 2100 reports a hrefhttpswwwscmpcomnewschinasciencearticle3150699chinaspopulationcouldhalvewithinnext45yearsnewstudythe emsouth china morning postema the countrys population could be halvedppperhaps even more critical may be the political and social impacts of unaffordable housing from its earliest days democracy depended on a class of small property owners whether in greece or rome or modern britain america canada and australia the earliest democracies in athens and rome rested on an assertive propertyowning middle class a hrefhttpclassicsmiteduaristotlepolitics3threehtmlaristotlea warned about the dangers of an oligarchy that would control both the economy and the state in fact an evergreater consolidation of wealth played a role in undermining greek democracy and the citizenled roman republic by the end of the republic over 75 percent of all property was owned by roughly three percent of the population while over fourfifths owned no property at allppselfgovernment resurfaced largely where a propertyowning middle class emerged to challenge the feudal orderfirst in italy and the low countries and later across western and northern europe and then in the new worlds of north america and oceania the idea of dispersed ownership was sharply opposed by aristocracies and later by a hrefhttpwwwnewgeographycomcontent004830lookingbacktheidealcommunistcitycommunista planners who saw the appeal of owning for the masses but preferred to impose a concrete spatial agenda for marxism in small apartments densely built near public transit with close proximity to the workplaceppthese objections to suburbs and homeownership have been picked up by density advocates from the a hrefhttpsinthesetimescomfeaturesyimbys_activists_san_francisco_housing_crisishtmltechfunded yimby movementa in california home ownership a hrefhttpswwwvoxcomthegoods22597947homeownernimbyaffordablehousinglocalaccording to progressive mouthpiece emvoxema could be turning you into a bad person by making you concerned about living near slums and drug dealers according to a minnesota city council member those who talk of neighborhood character and historic preservation may be participating in structural white supremacyppuntil recently such collectivist views were unpopular across the political spectrum the ideal of broadly dispersed property ownership was promoted by politicians on both the right and left in most highincome countries a nation of homeowners of people who own a real share in their land is unconquerable said a hrefhttpushistoryscenecomarticlelevittownpresident franklin d roosevelta he saw homeownership as critical not only to the economy but to democracy and the very idea of selfgovernmentpptoday this faith in selfdetermination and the democratization of land ownership is being reversed despite the wishes of a hrefhttpwwwnewgeographycomcontent005495suburbannationscanadaaustraliaandunitedstatesthe great majoritya in the united states europe a hrefhttpsgrattaneduauwpcontentuploads201404109_what_matters_mostpdfaustraliaa and canada we can either work to expand our communities preferably in more sustainable ways or we can accept that future generations will be a hrefhttpsthinkpolca20171203condongovtshouldsupplyhousingforupto40percentofvancouverwageearnersevermore dependenta on subsidies or affordable unit setasidesppan economy where most people blocked from ownership rely upon wealth transfers from the lucky few cannot easily coexist with a tradition of individual initiative and selfgovernance addressing the housing crisis is not only about homes and hearth but may determine the nature of our society for decades to comep

img altserfing future srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204jeremybezangerer1ks2n0ureunsplashjpgpppland ownership shaped civilizations beginnings constant interplay great powersthe aristocracy state church emperorand history oscillated periods greater dispersion ownership favored greater concentrationpptoday live era evergreater consolidation knights armor communist cadres forces big capital evermore intrusive regulatory state result hrefhttpswwwcbsnewscomnewsrealestatehomepricenearsrecord400000recordhigh housing pricesa increase incomes resulting systematic decline ability people particularly young hrefhttpswwwreuterscomworldusfirsttimeushomebuyersfeelingdefeatedbysoaringpricesrisingrates20220315buy housea prices rise expensive areas hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesushomesalesjumped67injanuaryamidrecordlowinventory11645196860supplya faces great constraints labor supplychain woes demand shock pandemic remote work ppunless reversed young people forced lifetime rental serfdom assets drove hrefhttpswwwtheatlanticcomfamilyarchive202204homeownershipfirsthousehappinesspsychology629529middleclass stabilitya wider hrefhttpswwwhocmnorgwpcontentuploads201909socialbenefitsofhomeownership2pdfsocial benefita subsidized comfortable retirements likely available property remains key financial security homeowners median net worth 40 times renters according hrefhttpswwwcensusgovdatatables2014demowealthwealthassetownershiphtmlcensus bureaua shoving prospective homeowners rental market depresses ambitions hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20220204insizzlingushousingmarketnormalisalongwayoffforces rentsa hurts poorer households hrefhttpswwwlatimescomcaliforniastory20220217blackbusinessownersfightleimertparkgentrificationsolid minority neighborhoodsappbut impacts far finances low affordability high rents tend hrefhttpspapersssrncomsol3paperscfmabstract_id2846173depress fertility ratea contributing rapidly demographic implosion countries important dispersed property ownership long intimately tied democracy concentration tends characterize autocracies statedominated variety big capitalpphow reverted feudalistic state complex infuriating story critical change planning theology holds density intrinsically good purposely seeks block housing periphery societal environmental reasons implemented approach driven prices evident places like sydney vancouver san francisco london paris hrefhttpswwwcitywatchlacomindexphpneighborhoodpoliticshidden23610theurbangrowthmachinestrikesbackfbclidiwar3d0ragnih4d5dqgpxfze_ye64_cuzz4gfh2arktjtwgsnuhbmg5v5wxr0a boon speculators wellheeled developersa makes middleclass housing unaffordable middle class intensifies poverty hrefhttpsurbanreforminstituteorgwpcontentuploads201901towardmoreequitableurbangrowthpdfpoorer residentsappthe hrefhttpwwwagenda21coursecomcitizensincaliforniasbayareafighttostoppackandstackbuildingpack stacka planning vision widely adopted landrich countries like hrefhttpswwwplanningorgaudocumentsitem5304australiaa ad new south wales government promises urban paradise sortspfigureimg srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204image2png altserfing future width790 height1092figurepthis sydneysiders tell exactly happened instead flocking city research massachusetts institute technologyqueens university canada hrefhttpslcaumiteduprojectamericansuburbsprojectestimates thata nearly 80 percent australias metropolitan population lives automobileoriented suburbs exurbs hrefhttpsgrattaneduauwpcontentuploads201810909remarkablyadaptiveaustraliancitiesinatimeofgrowthpdf75 percent employment growtha sydney melbourne occurred outside central business districts 2011 2016 censuses planning restrictions taxes fees decades regulations imposed sydney anglospheres expensive cities prices placed prospective homeowners sides regulations hrefhttpwwwdemographiacomdhipdfhouse pricesa tripled relative incomes creating conditions hrefhttpswwwabcnetaunews20210614surveyhomeownershipnotanoptionformostyoungaustralians100205244twothirds australiansa believe generation able afford homeppthese trends distressingly common higher income countries organization economic cooperation development oecd reported ema hrefhttpswwwoecdorgsocialunderpressurethesqueezedmiddleclass689afed1enhtmunder pressure squeezed middleclassaem future middleclass threatened house prices growing times faster household median income decadesppthis shift reflects movement big capital housing including foreign investors 2014 french economist thomas piketty produced hrefhttpswwwamazoncomcapitaltwentycenturythomaspikettydp067443000xrefasc_df_067443000xtaghyprod20linkcodedf0hvadid312118059795hvposhvnetwghvrand9209920071445207687hvponehvptwohvqmthvdevchvdvcmdlhvlocinthvlocphy9022395hvtargidpla403916996627psc1widely referenced analysisa world inequality soon matthew rognlie northwestern university hrefhttpmattrognliecompiketty_diminishing_returnspdffound thata virtually pikettys increased inequality attributable increased house values united states past decade proportion realestate wealth held middleclass working owners hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesushousingwealthskewedevenmoretowardaffluentoverpastdecade11646838000textfrom252020102520to25202020252c2520about25207125252520of2520the2520increase2520into252025242412520trillion252c2520nar2520saidfell substantiallya controlled wealthy grew 20 percent 28 percentppthis trend worsened moves hrefhttpswwwglobestcom20220223bfrdemandmightbegreaterthanyouthinkwall streeta hrefhttpswwwglobestcom20220214backlashgrowsasrealestategiantsincreasesfrmarketsharekwbacklash2520grows2520as2520real2520estate2520giants2520increase2520sfr2520market2520shareutm_sourceemailutm_mediumenlutm_campaignnationalamalertutm_content20220214utm_termremenlcmpnltrplt4buy single family homesa raising price rent particularly hrefhttpswwwocregistercom20220103millennialsdrivingdemandforsinglefamilyrentalspricedout millennialsa reached hrefhttpswwwglobestcom20220217investorsarebuyingarecordshareofushomesrecord proportionsa help middleclass families supports rentier classwhich piketty calls enemy democracyassuring steady profits collecting rents middle class loses independenceppsome densifiers suggest forced densification lower prices reality virtually regions world highest house prices regulations designed encourage development inner urban rings discourage ban construction affordable peripheries world bank principal urban planner alain bertaud describes associated consequences noting urban growth boundaries greenbelts arbitrary limits city expansion result predictably higher pricesppresearch hrefhttpswwwlivablecaliforniaorgvancouversmartestplannerprofpatrickcondoncallscaliforniaupzoningacostlymistake2621vancouver canadaa locations shown association densification hand higher land prices diminished housing affordability research decades densification projects brisbaneaustralias fastest growing citya hrefhttpswwwabsgovaustatisticspeoplepopulationhistoricalpopulationlatestreleasedatadownloadfound thata housing costs rose little private development interest higher density urban areas hrefhttpswwwnewgeographycomcontent007221higherurbandensitiesassociatedwithworsthousingaffordabilitysubstantially higher housing costsa world severe housing landuse regulation associated losses oecd rognlie urged hrefhttpswwwlincolninstedupublicationsotheratlasurbanexpansion2016editiona review regulationsa associated severe losses housing affordabilityppplanners lowered prices lured people cities managed stomp aspirations homeowners pandemic hit young particular including hrefhttpswwwcnbccom20160909millennialswillberentingforalotlongerhtmlunited statesa canada hrefhttpswwwmacrobusinesscomau201808saddeathaustralianhomeownershipaustraliaa hostility market demands intense california oligarchic finance allied progressive planning hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlessb10001424052702303302504577323353434618474general thrusta hrefhttpswwwchapmaneducommunication_filespolicy_delusionpdfthe states regulatory regimea seeks limit sprawl reduce greenhouse gasses cars communities environmentally sustainableppthe result coastal californias housing prices relative incomes risen nearly times national average state suffers second lowest homeownership rate new york impacted california millennials suffering homeownership rates hrefhttpswwwchapmaneduwilkinson_filescdpfadinginsidepdfdiminishinga quickly countryppnor densification purported environmental benefits pushed permanent dc urbancentric establishment hrefhttpswwwbrookingseduresearchwecantbeattheclimatecrisiswithoutrethinkinglandusebrookings institutiona hrefhttpsfinanceyahoocomnewsbidenseekseasehousingshortage102827301htmlthe biden administrationa prodensity hrefhttpternercenterberkeleyeduuploadsright_type_right_placepdfterner centera projects californias cities followed density guidelines impact emissions best percent time better disruptive ways address emissions example promoting athome hybrid work hrefhttpswwwyahoocomnewshowthereturnofworkerstotheofficecouldimpactclimatechange090025782htmlreduces greenhouse gas emissionsa embracing density mantra hrefhttpsjournalssagepubcomdoi10117710780874211065776widely unpopulara communitiespprather impose density agenda imperative embrace growing pace suburbanization despite talk city suburbs exurbs account hrefhttpswwwnewgeographycomcontent006882latestdatashowsprepandemicsuburbanexurbanpopulationgains90 percenta major metropolitan growth 2010 2010 2021 hrefhttpswwwnewgeographycomcontent007037americasdispersingmetrosthe2020populationestimatesthe suburbs exurbsa major metropolitan areas gained million net domestic migrants urban core counties lost 27 million overall according recent hrefhttpslcaumiteduprojectamericansuburbsprojectmit studya roughly 80 percent nations metropolitan population lives autooriented suburbs exurbs barely percent live urban core 13 percent live traditional transitoriented suburbsppthe increased suburbs smaller cities evident pandemic accelerated according census bureau data cited brookings hrefhttpswwwbrookingsedublogtheavenue20220414newcensusdatashowsahugespikeinmovementoutofbigmetroareasduringthepandemicbill freya large metros shrinking hrefhttpswwwredfincomnewsq12022housingmigrationtrendsredfin reportsa roughly oneinthree moves readers region highest level expensive usually dense locales clearly makes current planning religion particularly misplacedppthese trends amplified shift online work continued decline historic appeal dense central business districts west account hrefhttpsthefingeronthepulseblogspotcom202202issuburbiasglobalbenchmarkshareofhtmlroughly 13 percenta jobs early pandemic hrefhttpgoaeiorgs05v0xw0dboi0p1gux10z0q42 percenta 155 millionstrong labor force working home fulltime 57 percent 2019 exceeded share workers commuting transit hrefhttpsnewsstanfordedu20200629snapshotnewworkinghomeeconomynew researcha jose maria barrero nicholas bloom steven j davis suggests pandemic ends residual fear proximity preference shorter commutes mean roughly 20 percent work home times hrefhttpswwwnewgeographycomcontent006787theprepandemicriseworkinghometeleworkandbeyondthe alreadygrowing ratea pandemicpfigureimg srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204image1png altserfing future width720 height540figurepthis extravagant claim studies national bureau economic research hrefhttpsnewsuchicagoedustorymuchusstayinghomehowmanyjobscanbedoneremotelythe university chicagoa suggest grow onethird workforce high 50 percent hrefhttpsnewsuchicagoedustorymuchusstayinghomehowmanyjobscanbedoneremotelysilicon valleya reflected openness hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlestechcompaniesreopentheirofficesfacebookgoogle11646365155most tech firmsa accept new workstyles roughly 40 percent california jobs including 70 percent higherpaying ones home according research hrefhttpscenterforjobsorgcaspecialreportscaliforniaworkersmodernizedtelecommutingpoliciestobuildequityandreducecoststhe aa hrefhttpscenterforjobsorgcaspecialreportscaliforniaworkersmodernizedtelecommutingpoliciestobuildequityandreducecostscenter jobs economya advances artificial intelligence virtual reality likely improve popularity feasibility remote workingppin process central business districts like new york chicago boston washington suffered far surrounding suburban sunbelt business districts losing hrefhttpsfullstackeconomicscomthedonuteffecthowthepandemichollowedoutamericasbiggestcitiesresidentsa businesses new york hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesmidtownmanhattanwithfewerofficeworkersimaginingtheunthinkable11647941402stobhx3bhaatnq8edreflinkdesktopwebshare_permalinkdisappointinga largely hrefhttpspfnycorgnewspollrevealsemployeeswillresistreturntoofficeuntilcityandsubwaysaresafea rise crimea employee reluctance hrefhttpspfnycorgwpcontentuploads202203morningconsult_pfnyc_03242022pdfmore homecentered lifestylea hrefhttpswwwbloombergcomnewsarticles20220331newyorkersplantoworkfromhomehalfthetimetextthe2520average2520new2520york2520cityeconomics2520professor2520at2520stanford2520universitygrowing acceptancea athome hybrid work employersppeven san francisco nations strongest central business districts suffered hrefhttpssocketsitecomarchives202107visualizingallthevacantofficespaceinsanfrancisco2htmlrising office vacanciesa times prepandemic levels fill salesforce tower citys tallest building 12 times things improve companies according hrefhttpswwwroutefiftycommanagement202108bayareaemployersexpect3daysweekofficebecomenorm184418bay area council surveya expect employees come office days week fewer barely oneinfive seeing return normal fiveday work weekppthis shift likely resisted hrefhttpsnypostcom20210810googleslashingpayforworkfromhomeemployeesbyupto25many managersa want frogmarch people office 60 percent teleworkers according hrefhttpswwwgallupcomworkplace283985workingremotelyeffectivegallupresearchsaysyesaspxto gallupa wish working remotely attempts reverse situation prove difficult hrefhttpsfreebeaconcombidenadministrationjobopeningssoartorecordhighasbusinessesstruggletofindworkersdeepseated labor shortagesa tons bold statements companies saying remote work companies saying getting rid offices says hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesremoteworkisthenewsigningbonus11624680029bret taylora president chief operating officer salesforce theres like free market future work employees choosing path want onppa hrefhttpswwwglobestcom20210823millennialsaredrivinghomesalesamidtheriseinremoteworkkwmillennials2520are2520driving2520home2520sales2520amid2520the2520rise2520in2520remote2520workutm_sourceemailutm_mediumenlutm_campaignmultifamilyalertutm_content20210823utm_termremthese workplace trendsa suggest suburbs exurbs future nearly twothirds millennials prefer kind location historically tied single family ownership millennials implications birthrates fallen housing prices risen families overwhelmingly favor dense housing frequently decide children buy house recent hrefhttpswwwnberorgdigestfeb12impactrealestatemarketfertilitynational bureau economic researcha study draws conclusion seeing 10 percent increase home prices leads percent decrease births nonhomeowners average metropolitan area chinas yangtze river delta hangzhoushanghainanjing research shows fertility rates decline materially house prices increase similar finding rentsppthe prevalence singledom culture childlessness portrayed hrefhttpwwwrolerebootorgcultureandpoliticsdetails201902whymillennialsarechoosingtobechildfreematters choicea superior environmental hrefhttpsgristorglivingmillennialmediumchillenlightenmenta america attitudes family hrefhttpwwwnewgeographycomcontent002919millennials25e225802599homeownershipdreamsdelayednotabandonednot significantly differenta prior generations albeit greater emphasis gender equality later births hrefhttpswwwpewresearchorgsocialtrends20100625childlessnessupamongallwomendownamongwomenwithadvanceddegreeschildless american womena aged 4044 barely percent voluntarily childless hrefhttpsnewsgallupcompoll191462gallupanalysismillennialsmarriagefamilyaspxvast majority millennialsa want married childrenpphigh prices density poison fecundity cities expensive housing density childless demographic graveyards rich asian cities like hong kong taipei beijing shanghai seoul suffer fertility rates barely half replacement applies west highcost cities new york paris london los angeles san francisco hrefhttpsworldpopulationreviewcomboroughsmanhattanpopulationmanhattana ultimate highcost elite urban core majority households childless nearly half single according latest american community survey census bureau datappultimately housing challenges reduce birthrates likely face economic stagnation united states hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticlesforeconomyagingpopulationposesdoublewhammy1470249965workforce growtha slowed onethird level 1970 destined fall figures catastrophic lowfertility countries like japan germany importantly china chinas hrefhttpswwwweforumorgagenda201607chinaworkingageingpopulationworkingage populationa 15 64 years old peaked 2011 projected drop 23 percent 2050 60 million fewer people age 15a loss approximately size italys total population ratio retirees working people expected tripled rapid demographic shifts history 2100 reports hrefhttpswwwscmpcomnewschinasciencearticle3150699chinaspopulationcouldhalvewithinnext45yearsnewstudythe emsouth china morning postema countrys population halvedppperhaps critical political social impacts unaffordable housing earliest days democracy depended class small property owners greece rome modern britain america canada australia earliest democracies athens rome rested assertive propertyowning middle class hrefhttpclassicsmiteduaristotlepolitics3threehtmlaristotlea warned dangers oligarchy control economy state fact evergreater consolidation wealth played role undermining greek democracy citizenled roman republic end republic 75 percent property owned roughly percent population fourfifths owned property allppselfgovernment resurfaced largely propertyowning middle class emerged challenge feudal orderfirst italy low countries later western northern europe new worlds north america oceania idea dispersed ownership sharply opposed aristocracies later hrefhttpwwwnewgeographycomcontent004830lookingbacktheidealcommunistcitycommunista planners saw appeal owning masses preferred impose concrete spatial agenda marxism small apartments densely built near public transit close proximity workplaceppthese objections suburbs homeownership picked density advocates hrefhttpsinthesetimescomfeaturesyimbys_activists_san_francisco_housing_crisishtmltechfunded yimby movementa california home ownership hrefhttpswwwvoxcomthegoods22597947homeownernimbyaffordablehousinglocalaccording progressive mouthpiece emvoxema turning bad person making concerned living near slums drug dealers according minnesota city council member talk neighborhood character historic preservation participating structural white supremacyppuntil recently collectivist views unpopular political spectrum ideal broadly dispersed property ownership promoted politicians right left highincome countries nation homeowners people real share land unconquerable said hrefhttpushistoryscenecomarticlelevittownpresident franklin d roosevelta saw homeownership critical economy democracy idea selfgovernmentpptoday faith selfdetermination democratization land ownership reversed despite wishes hrefhttpwwwnewgeographycomcontent005495suburbannationscanadaaustraliaandunitedstatesthe great majoritya united states europe hrefhttpsgrattaneduauwpcontentuploads201404109_what_matters_mostpdfaustraliaa canada work expand communities preferably sustainable ways accept future generations hrefhttpsthinkpolca20171203condongovtshouldsupplyhousingforupto40percentofvancouverwageearnersevermore dependenta subsidies affordable unit setasidesppan economy people blocked ownership rely wealth transfers lucky easily coexist tradition individual initiative selfgovernance addressing housing crisis homes hearth determine nature society decades comep

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Speaking Freely Through the Ages

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203book1jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203book1jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203book1800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203book1600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203book1331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203book1jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203book1jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203book1800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203book1600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203book1331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altbook1 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203book1800x450jpg height675 picture div pa relnoopener hrefhttpsreasoncomwpadmineditphpissueapril2022 target_blankemfree speech a history from socrates to social mediaema by jacob mchangama basic books 528 pages 32p pmany languages have inbuilt speech codes there are levels of formality and informality in address words that are not to be used in certain contexts even forms of speech specific to men and women european languages tend not to carry the levels of baroque distinction found elsewhere but they still maintain formal and informal registers english is distinctive in having essentially abandoned them our emyouem was once the formalplural form of address emtheeem being the familiarp pbut when we talk about freedom of speech we usually mean legal restrictions backed up by the state these too date back thousands of years ancient edicts offered strict instructions in who was allowed to say what and to whom around 2500 bc the sumerian code of urnammu declared that quotif a slave woman curses someone acting with the authority of her mistress they shall scour her mouth with one sila [085 liter] of saltquot im guessing that she wasnt allowed to say that slavery sucked eitherp pwith emfree speech a history from socrates to social mediaem jacob mchangama races through those thousands of years of intellectual and political history to show how distinctiveand how essentialthe concept of free speech is mchangama a danish lawyer has been an important voice for liberty over the last decade particularly in the context of islamic blasphemy claims in europe his book is an excellent guide for anyone who wants to know why free speech mattersp pfor much of european history the speech being widely policed was heretical or treasonous or both the divine right of kings meant a fair amount of potential crossover as mchangama shows early universities were sites of information exchange as well as crackdowns on those people thought to be spreading dangerous viewsp pthese were by necessity elite debates most people had no opportunity to read the controversial texts that scholarmonks were troubled over that started to change with the arrival of the printing press although that didnt mean your average reader suddenly got sucked into thomas aquinas as mchangama points out the same printing presses that disseminated philosophical tracts quotchurned out a steady stream of virulent political and religious propaganda hate speech obscene cartoons and treatises on witchcraft and alchemyquotp pwe see this with every new form of communication barely five minutes after the invention of the photograph someone was taking nudie pics but the printing press opened doors far beyond smutty woodcuts to new ways of thinking martin luther was not the first to speak out against the church but he was first to fall on the latter side of the gutenberg divide so his ideas spread further including to those who werent readersp pit helped that luther understood his audience quotthe layout and design of his writings became increasingly slickquot mchangama writes quotand the punchy text was accompanied by illustrations for the benefit of the illiterate who eagerly shared his anticatholic memesquotp pnot everyone was thrilled with luthers takedowns of the pope and the conflicts of the reformation brought rapidfire publications on all sides as today legislation raced to keep up with new speech challenging the old order the result of the print revolution was not just books but newspapers which spread ideas fostered commerce and linked communities technology and trade brought evermoreaffordable paper and ink and also postal systems pretty soon you could insult someone from hundreds of miles awayp pthe political debates that filled pamphlets and newspapers during the enlightenment could be highminded and important but a lot of them werent pamphlet wars mchangama recounts quotquickly descended into an eighteenthcentury version of flaming trolling namecalling motivated reasoning and butchering of straw menquotp pin the context of this text culture the french revolution sent shockwaves across europe as panicked monarchs suddenly wanted to crack down on republican ideas spreading among their subjectsthe kind of reactive legislation that marks the history of free speech over the 19th century a more laissez faire attitude toward speech slowly evolved in europe with some hiccups though some of the more traditional clerical perspectives would hang on longer in the catholic countries but nowhere in europe went as far with the concept of free speech as america didp phere too there were still limits as highminded liberalism brushed up against political reality the kind of speech that the founders wanted to keep under control was often libel and slander and the british tradition of a relatively highly developed civilsuit culture was a way of dealing with that a more heavyhanded approach appeared not long into the federal experiment with the shortlived sedition act of 1798 it allowed the deportation or imprisonment of people who produced quotfalse scandalous or malicious writingquot against the government of the united states the act expired three years later but it influenced the debate over what speech should be allowedp panother major stumbling block came with the conflict over slavery southern states sought to ban and punish abolitionist literature passing laws casting it as incendiary quotironicallyquot mchangama notes quotthis included the idea of group libela progenitor of modern hate speech laws which protected specific groups from defamatory statements senator calhoun complained that the abolitionist petitions contained reflections injurious to the feelings of southerners who were being deeply basely and maliciously slanderedquot it would be hurtful for the poor slaveholders to hear that people thought they were badp pdespite the promises of the first amendment americas uneven approach to free expression continued over the decades in 1918 the sedition act cracked down on speech seen as defaming the government or the military or the flag or speech that was otherwise deemed disloyal the american civil liberties union was established in 1920 in response it wasnt only political speech that was regulated the comstock act of 1873 banned quotobscenequot publications which to the authorities meant not only pornography but also familyplanning pamphlets the birth control rules were not struck down until emgriswold v connecticutem in 1965p pon a global level the totalitarian regimes of the 20th century brought new challenges despots naturally are not big fans of free discourse but how should democracies respond to despots some countries like germany have passed laws against sharing nazi propaganda restricting free speech in the name of preserving freedom but is making something offlimits really the best way to address itp pmchangama details the postwar wrangling over the uns declaration of human rights and its clause proclaiming the right to free expression this was always going to rub painfully against people whose religious beliefs demand punishment for blasphemers especially as globalized mass communications transmitted unwelcome ideas from one region to another the fatwa against salman rushdie was the first major case exposing this tension the challenge persists as governments try to balance their stated commitments to free speech with laws against spreading hatep pmeanwhile the secular world has its own forms of blasphemy as our politicians and tech gods talk about cracking down on quotdisinformationquot i get the sneaking suspicion that they dont just mean sandy hook truthersthey mean political ideas they dont like the stuff they called quotseditionquot in 1798 once the government is allowed to silence speech the net of justification always broadensp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220423speakingfreelythroughtheagesspeaking freely through the agesa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

div picture source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagewebp srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203book1jpgwebp 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203book1jpgwebp 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203book1800x450jpgwebp 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203book1600x338jpgwebp 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203book1331x186jpgwebp 331w source sizesminwidth 600px 331px 100vw typeimagejpeg srcsethttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc2400x1350w2400q60uploads202203book1jpg 2400w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc1200x675w1200q60uploads202203book1jpg 1200w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203book1800x450jpg 800w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc600x338w600q60uploads202203book1600x338jpg 600w httpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc331x186w331q60uploads202203book1331x186jpg 331w img width1200 altbook1 srchttpsd2eehagpk5cl65cloudfrontnetimgc800x450w800q60uploads202203book1800x450jpg height675 picture div pa relnoopener hrefhttpsreasoncomwpadmineditphpissueapril2022 target_blankemfree speech history socrates social mediaema jacob mchangama basic books 528 pages 32p pmany languages inbuilt speech codes levels formality informality address words certain contexts forms speech specific men women european languages tend carry levels baroque distinction found maintain formal informal registers english distinctive having essentially abandoned ouremyouemwas formalplural form address emtheeembeing familiarp pbut talk freedom speech usually mean legal restrictions backed state date thousands years ancient edicts offered strict instructions allowed 2500 bc sumerian code urnammu declared quotif slave woman curses acting authority mistress shall scour mouth sila [085 liter] saltquot im guessing wasnt allowed slavery sucked eitherp pwithemfree speech history socrates social mediaem jacob mchangama races thousands years intellectual political history distinctiveand essentialthe concept free speech mchangama danish lawyer important voice liberty decade particularly context islamic blasphemy claims europe book excellent guide wants know free speech mattersp pfor european history speech widely policed heretical treasonous divine right kings meant fair potential crossover mchangama shows early universities sites information exchange crackdowns people thought spreading dangerous viewsp pthese necessity elite debates people opportunity read controversial texts scholarmonks troubled started change arrival printing press didnt mean average reader suddenly got sucked thomas aquinas mchangama points printing presses disseminated philosophical tracts quotchurned steady stream virulent political religious propaganda hate speech obscene cartoons treatises witchcraft alchemyquotp pwe new form communication barely minutes invention photograph taking nudie pics printing press opened doors far smutty woodcuts new ways thinking martin luther speak church fall gutenberg divide ideas spread including werent readersp pit helped luther understood audience quotthe layout design writings increasingly slickquot mchangama writes quotand punchy text accompanied illustrations benefit illiterate eagerly shared anticatholic memesquotp pnot thrilled luthers takedowns pope conflicts reformation brought rapidfire publications sides today legislation raced new speech challenging old order result print revolution books newspapers spread ideas fostered commerce linked communities technology trade brought evermoreaffordable paper ink postal systems pretty soon insult hundreds miles awayp pthe political debates filled pamphlets newspapers enlightenment highminded important lot werent pamphlet wars mchangama recounts quotquickly descended eighteenthcentury version flaming trolling namecalling motivated reasoning butchering straw menquotp pin context text culture french revolution sent shockwaves europe panicked monarchs suddenly wanted crack republican ideas spreading subjectsthe kind reactive legislation marks history free speech 19th century laissez faire attitude speech slowly evolved europe hiccups traditional clerical perspectives hang longer catholic countries europe went far concept free speech america didp phere limits highminded liberalism brushed political reality kind speech founders wanted control libel slander british tradition relatively highly developed civilsuit culture way dealing heavyhanded approach appeared long federal experiment shortlived sedition act 1798 allowed deportation imprisonment people produced quotfalse scandalous malicious writingquot government united states act expired years later influenced debate speech allowedp panother major stumbling block came conflict slavery southern states sought ban punish abolitionist literature passing laws casting incendiary quotironicallyquot mchangama notes quotthis included idea group libela progenitor modern hate speech laws protected specific groups defamatory statements senator calhoun complained abolitionist petitions contained reflections injurious feelings southerners deeply basely maliciously slanderedquot hurtful poor slaveholders hear people thought badp pdespite promises amendment americas uneven approach free expression continued decades 1918 sedition act cracked speech seen defaming government military flag speech deemed disloyal american civil liberties union established 1920 response wasnt political speech regulated comstock act 1873 banned quotobscenequot publications authorities meant pornography familyplanning pamphlets birth control rules struck untilemgriswold v connecticutemin 1965p pon global level totalitarian regimes 20th century brought new challenges despots naturally big fans free discourse democracies respond despots countries like germany passed laws sharing nazi propaganda restricting free speech preserving freedom making offlimits best way address itp pmchangama details postwar wrangling uns declaration human rights clause proclaiming right free expression going rub painfully people religious beliefs demand punishment blasphemers especially globalized mass communications transmitted unwelcome ideas region fatwa salman rushdie major case exposing tension challenge persists governments try balance stated commitments free speech laws spreading hatep pmeanwhile secular world forms blasphemy politicians tech gods talk cracking quotdisinformationquot sneaking suspicion dont mean sandy hook truthersthey mean political ideas dont like stuff called quotseditionquot 1798 government allowed silence speech net justification broadensp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncom20220423speakingfreelythroughtheagesspeaking freely agesa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsreasoncomreasoncomap

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The Real Threat to Social Media Is Europe

the eu is passing legislation that will weaken free speech laws beyond the breaking point

eu passing legislation weaken free speech laws breaking point

6267215c7d5f20cea6b7aaf9

How much can one shift the Twitter equilibrium?

blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrthe free speech compromises twitter and fb have made are a delicate balance between users employees governments and ad buyers this is what theyve had to do to run them i think glorious leaders can help on the margin but its not the same as an engineering megaprojectp p roon tszzl a hrefhttpstwittercomtszzlstatus1518670754203721729ref_srctwsrc5etfwapril 25 2022apblockquote pp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204howmuchcanoneshiftthetwitterequilibriumhtmlhow much can one shift the twitter equilibriuma appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

blockquote datawidth500 classtwittertweet datadnttrue p langen dirltrthe free speech compromises twitter fb delicate balance users employees governments ad buyers theyve run think glorious leaders help margin engineering megaprojectp p roon tszzl hrefhttpstwittercomtszzlstatus1518670754203721729ref_srctwsrc5etfwapril 25 2022apblockquote pp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204howmuchcanoneshiftthetwitterequilibriumhtmlhow shift twitter equilibriuma appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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Piketty’s Progress

img altpikettys progress srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204pikettypngpppstronga review of ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncombriefhistoryequalitythomaspikettydp0674273559a brief history of equalityaem by thomas piketty belknap press 288 pages april 2022strongppas i write this the city of rotterdam is considering a request to dismantle one of its historic bridges to grant jeff bezoss superyacht too monstrous for normal ports safe passage to the atlantic at the same time amazon workers around the world continue to fight to secure the living wages and safe working conditions they are currently denied such juxtapositions are fraught with appalling symbolismthe vulgar display of wealth the mutilation of national monuments the outsized influence the rich have over public policy the gulf that exists between ceos and their employees moreover bezoss wealth doubled to 170 billion during the pandemic when over a hrefhttpswwwbbccomnewsbusiness60015294160 milliona people worldwide were threatened with poverty this merely reaffirms what we already know staggering inequality continues to thrive in advanced capitalist societiesppthis kind of inequality is not news of course but we need to be regularly reminded of it the great chronicler of inequality in our time is the french economist thomas piketty the author of several tomes pikettys works are not for the weak of wrist ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomcapitaltwentyfirstcenturythomaspikettydp0674979850capital in the twentyfirst centuryaem 2013 clocks in at 816 pages while its follow up ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomcapitalideologythomaspikettydp0674980824capital amp ideologyaem 2020 breaches 1000 heavily graphed and annotated reading them from front to back is a labor in itself volume aside pikettys books are massively popular and widely praised though one suspects as with all big and difficult books that most people have not read them in full and much of their praise comes in under the pressure of consensus fortunately pikettys new book is mercifully brief indeed ema brief history of equalityem at less than 300 pages is a nice distillation of the rockstar economists ideas and a good entry point for the uninitiatedpppikettys research sits at the intersection of history and social science and his great contribution has been to show that tax records are as important to understanding and learning from history as anything else in tracking the distribution of wealth since the beginning of the modern era pikettys thesis is elegantly intelligible and empirically obvious if return on capital consistently outpaces growth it will invariably lead to a concentration of wealth thereby producing inequality the stress here is on inequality of opportunity as pikettys argument for a more robust welfare state is more a matter of degree he is careful to remind us that a measure of inequality between social groups can be productive and that there is no universal formula for eliminating it but he also points out that an unequal concentration of wealth is bad for growth and corrosive to democracy precisely because it limits social mobility and prevents people from accessing key institutionsppthis argument is not new aristotle made the same case in hisem a hrefhttpswwwamazoncomaristotlespoliticssecondaristotledp0226921840politicsaem positing that since all systems bend towards the concentration of power and power tends to concentrate in the hands of those that have wealth the interests of the governing will naturally diverge from those of the governed unless some correction takes place the point at which this divergence becomes unmanageable a decision has to be madeeither reduce democracy or increase peoples access to institutions in defense of the latter aristotle proposed that property be distributed more widely among the middle class allowing it to participate more fully in the democratic process and aligning its interests with that of the ruling class thus we see in fourth century athens the conception of the first welfare state and the reasoning behind it remains at the heart of progressivist politics to this day a large and prosperous middle class encourages mobility strengthens democracy restrains oligarchy and stabilizes societypppiketty points out that property is a historically situated notion largely dependent on the way each society defines legitimate forms of ownership which has shifted over time rousseau who argued that people are truly equal only in the state of nature identified the hoarding of property as one of the origins of inequality the first man who having enclosed a piece of land thought of saying this is mine and found people simple enough to believe him was the true founder of civil society marx could only imagine the abolition of property as the way to social equality but piketty falls within the tradition of thomas paine and henry george who called for the taxation of property as a means of redistributing wealth pppiketty echoes paine specifically in the concept of inheritance for all an idea that a hrefhttppikettypseensfrfilespaine1795pdfpaine advanceda during the french revolution in the form of a land tax this could be used to finance social security not just for those at the end of their life but for those at the beginning as well this universal inheritance which piketty argues could be financed by a global wealth tax would be accessible to everyone upon reaching the age of maturity the goal is not simply to punish the rich for the comfort of the poor a common mischaracterization of pikettys ideas but to enhance the social mobility of young people by increasing their buying and bargaining power impossible in a condition of insecurity instead of saddling them with student debt equivalent to a mortgage before they reach the age of 25ppthe tradition into which pikettyeconomics fits goes by various names but piketty calls it participatory socialismparticipatory precisely because it eschews the movement towards the bureaucracy and centralization that characterized sovietstyle socialism it focuses on giving people greater access to institutions with the goal of allow[ing] all citizens to participate more fully in social and economic lifeppone participatory reform would be adopting a codeterminate structure for businesses like the socalled emmitbestimmungem model in germany where as many as onethird to half of the seats on boards of directors are given to worker representatives this approach piketty reminds us has certainly not weakened the productivity of the german economy since it was introduced nearly a century ago in addition to being a more democratic compromise between management and workers it would constitute a legitimate investment in the company by employees who are already investors by virtue of their employment and would give them a greater stake in its prosperity while also increasing the transparency of bookkeepingppthe central pillar of the piketty model is a global system of progressive taxation with high corporate and income tax rates aimed at the wealthiest one percent exactly how high these rates should be piketty a mild prescriptivist leaves open though he makes it clear that it should be much higher than it is now in most countries in the united states one might propose a top marginal tax rate of 81 percent if that sounds like communism it is worth remembering that this was in fact the american tax code between 1932 and 1980 so the popular objection that progressive taxation of this kind might work in europe but that it would never be acceptable in the united states because it would be unamerican is simply ahistoricalphrpa good deal of ema brief history of equalityem consists of reminding readers that these policies far from being unrealistic or utopian either exist currently or have existed at some point in the past in many ways piketty is asking us to return to the economic models that were put in place in europe and north america between 19141980 piketty calls this era the great redistribution when income inequality decreased dramatically to be sure this redistribution would not have been possible without a series of catastrophesdisaster being the great leveler within the space of four decades revolutions two world wars and an economic depression destroyed much of the inherited wealth of the european aristocracy the gap was closed as much by the selfimmolation of the rich as it was by raising up the poor ppthe great redistribution however was also and in large part due to the rise of the welfare state which could not have happened without changing peoples view of the role that governments play in markets and here it is important to recognize that many of these initiatives like the new deal were not merely acts of emnoblesse obligeem but compromises aimed at alleviating pressure from socialist and labor movements and implemented partly to quell radicalism and avert the threat of revolutionppthe movement towards greater equality among the classes accelerated tremendously during this period and it is along this line that piketty recommends we continue he showswith a hrefhttpswidworlddata readily accessiblea to allthat developing more progressive taxation and furthering the potential of the welfare state does not come at the expense of productive efficiency and growth the us economy which is perhaps the best example of this grew at an unprecedented rate between 19451980 a time of high tax rates and generous social spending this legacy however has largely been gutted in the last 40 years with the rise of neoliberalism inaugurated by the powell memo the wave of conservatism that overtook the west in the 1980s and the abandonment of class politics by labor and socialdemocratic parties after the end of the cold war since then we have seen growth rates slow contrary to the predictions of reaganites and thatcherites who insisted that deregulation and low corporate tax would spur innovation create jobs and trickle down more wealth to the rest of societyppthe march toward equality like the rest of history is fraught with ironies it is also not fixed and safe from reversal the united states for example had a far more even distribution of wealth than most european societies in the 19th century today it has flipped the french revolution succeeded in establishing the principle of emgalitem but failed to alter the distribution of wealth in france piketty shows that in 1900 the wealthiest controlled roughly the same amount of property as they had a century before these are good reasons not to be whiggish there is a temptation to imagine our progress towards equality as a straight line along which we will continue to travel as the high tide of capital markets raises all boats but there is no reason for us to believe that this will continue the 21st century may well be one in which a surfeit of technobillionaires reach new heights of obscene wealth while a third of the population in postindustrial societies fall into poverty as their jobs are automated out of existence that is unless corrections are madeppthe cause of creating a more equal society depends heavily on the strength of its social democracy and its willingness to renew the question of inequality it was largely due to the efforts of social movements that we have things like free public education universal health care maternity leave social security unemployment insurance workers rights fixed salaries the eighthour work day etc we have no right to take these things for granted as many of them were fiercely opposed at the time they were advocated and had to be fought for sometimes violentlyppit is also important to remember that our sensibilitiesand the institutions on which they are basedare not hardcoded regimes change as does the prevailing sense of what is just and fair the acceptability of these regimes largely depends on the ideas that hold them in place and to that extent all economic policies are matters of ideologya word that piketty doesnt use as a pejorative indeed there is little historical evidence to support the notion that a particular set of policies cannot be adopted on the basis that they are incompatible with some vague sense of national character the french revolution showed albeit with much blood that a countrys political organization and attitudes regarding equality can change radically in a very short time ppsweden which is often held up in the west as a model of democratic socialism did not begin moving towards egalitarian policies until socialist parties took power after wwi until 1911 sweden had censitary suffrage according to which only the richest 20 percent could vote in elections and the number of votes given to each citizen was proportionate to their wealth we can see echoes of this today in campaign finance laws and rulings like citizens united in the united states weve also seen astonishing transformations in countries like japan and germany between 19101960 which transitioned from military aristocracies to fascist dictatorships to democratized welfare states in just a few decadesphrpthe rapidity of these changes was sometimes a response to catastrophic events that demanded a radical restructuring of intuitions but therein lies the lesson societies that ignore inequality do so at their peril indeed it was the abandonment of social democracy in germany in the 1920s that weakened european socialism and created the vacuum that allowed parties like the nazis to rise to power a development predicted by trotsky and confirmed by hannah arendt in emthe origins of totalitarianismem more still it was the abandonment of a truly internationalist movement that made people susceptible to nationalist and statist politics that more readily adapted themselves to the demands of the interwar yearsppif the politics of europe and america during the last decade have taught us anything it is that the failure to address inequality is highly corrosive to the social contract it fosters distrust and resentment and makes people vulnerable to demagogy populism xenophobia and reactionary politics of all kinds politicians who refuse to address the real source of inequality naturally have to search for other reasons to explain it which usually involves finding scapegoats for peoples grievancesimmigrants foreign labor foreign countries etc and if the problem of inequality is not addressed the only way for the ruling class to protect its interests is to gradually erode democratic institutionsppthis last point should be brought into sharper focus near the close of his argument piketty writespblockquoteif no democratic postnational project is formulated then authoritarian constructions will take its place in order to propose more or less convincing solutions to the feelings of injustice engendered by the unrestrained economic and state forces operating on a worldwide scaleblockquotepone of the more honorable legacies of socialist movements in the 20th century was the recognition that the struggle for equality transcended all other identities national ethnic religious and that the project to improve the conditions of working people was essentially an international one this among other things demanded an expansion of human solidarity sadly we fail to see this same internationalism today as societies across the west founder in nativist discourse and tribalist thinking on the left has displaced a debate once centered on a global critique of capitalppperhaps rekindling a bit of this old internationalism is in order if we wish to crawl out of this rather ugly phase in our politics and avoid the irony and humiliation of an authoritarian populism spearheaded by elites posing as saviors of the forgotten this will require a return to certain principles and a hardier debate within the left to that end the march towards greater equality in the coming century may result from a debate between competing visions of socialism rather than a war between socialism and capitalismp

img altpikettys progress srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202204pikettypngpppstronga review ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncombriefhistoryequalitythomaspikettydp0674273559a brief history equalityaem thomas piketty belknap press 288 pages april 2022strongppas write city rotterdam considering request dismantle historic bridges grant jeff bezoss superyacht monstrous normal ports safe passage atlantic time amazon workers world continue fight secure living wages safe working conditions currently denied juxtapositions fraught appalling symbolismthe vulgar display wealth mutilation national monuments outsized influence rich public policy gulf exists ceos employees bezoss wealth doubled 170 billion pandemic hrefhttpswwwbbccomnewsbusiness60015294160 milliona people worldwide threatened poverty merely reaffirms know staggering inequality continues thrive advanced capitalist societiesppthis kind inequality news course need regularly reminded great chronicler inequality time french economist thomas piketty author tomes pikettys works weak wrist ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomcapitaltwentyfirstcenturythomaspikettydp0674979850capital twentyfirst centuryaem 2013 clocks 816 pages follow ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomcapitalideologythomaspikettydp0674980824capital amp ideologyaem 2020 breaches 1000 heavily graphed annotated reading labor volume aside pikettys books massively popular widely praised suspects big difficult books people read praise comes pressure consensus fortunately pikettys new book mercifully brief ema brief history equalityem 300 pages nice distillation rockstar economists ideas good entry point uninitiatedpppikettys research sits intersection history social science great contribution tax records important understanding learning history tracking distribution wealth beginning modern era pikettys thesis elegantly intelligible empirically obvious return capital consistently outpaces growth invariably lead concentration wealth producing inequality stress inequality opportunity pikettys argument robust welfare state matter degree careful remind measure inequality social groups productive universal formula eliminating points unequal concentration wealth bad growth corrosive democracy precisely limits social mobility prevents people accessing key institutionsppthis argument new aristotle case hisem hrefhttpswwwamazoncomaristotlespoliticssecondaristotledp0226921840politicsaem positing systems bend concentration power power tends concentrate hands wealth interests governing naturally diverge governed correction takes place point divergence unmanageable decision madeeither reduce democracy increase peoples access institutions defense aristotle proposed property distributed widely middle class allowing participate fully democratic process aligning interests ruling class fourth century athens conception welfare state reasoning remains heart progressivist politics day large prosperous middle class encourages mobility strengthens democracy restrains oligarchy stabilizes societypppiketty points property historically situated notion largely dependent way society defines legitimate forms ownership shifted time rousseau argued people truly equal state nature identified hoarding property origins inequality man having enclosed piece land thought saying found people simple believe true founder civil society marx imagine abolition property way social equality piketty falls tradition thomas paine henry george called taxation property means redistributing wealth pppiketty echoes paine specifically concept inheritance idea hrefhttppikettypseensfrfilespaine1795pdfpaine advanceda french revolution form land tax finance social security end life beginning universal inheritance piketty argues financed global wealth tax accessible reaching age maturity goal simply punish rich comfort poor common mischaracterization pikettys ideas enhance social mobility young people increasing buying bargaining power impossible condition insecurity instead saddling student debt equivalent mortgage reach age 25ppthe tradition pikettyeconomics fits goes names piketty calls participatory socialismparticipatory precisely eschews movement bureaucracy centralization characterized sovietstyle socialism focuses giving people greater access institutions goal allow[ing] citizens participate fully social economic lifeppone participatory reform adopting codeterminate structure businesses like socalled emmitbestimmungem model germany onethird half seats boards directors given worker representatives approach piketty reminds certainly weakened productivity german economy introduced nearly century ago addition democratic compromise management workers constitute legitimate investment company employees investors virtue employment greater stake prosperity increasing transparency bookkeepingppthe central pillar piketty model global system progressive taxation high corporate income tax rates aimed wealthiest percent exactly high rates piketty mild prescriptivist leaves open makes clear higher countries united states propose marginal tax rate 81 percent sounds like communism worth remembering fact american tax code 1932 1980 popular objection progressive taxation kind work europe acceptable united states unamerican simply ahistoricalphrpa good deal ema brief history equalityem consists reminding readers policies far unrealistic utopian exist currently existed point past ways piketty asking return economic models place europe north america 19141980 piketty calls era great redistribution income inequality decreased dramatically sure redistribution possible series catastrophesdisaster great leveler space decades revolutions world wars economic depression destroyed inherited wealth european aristocracy gap closed selfimmolation rich raising poor ppthe great redistribution large rise welfare state happened changing peoples view role governments play markets important recognize initiatives like new deal merely acts emnoblesse obligeem compromises aimed alleviating pressure socialist labor movements implemented partly quell radicalism avert threat revolutionppthe movement greater equality classes accelerated tremendously period line piketty recommends continue showswith hrefhttpswidworlddata readily accessiblea allthat developing progressive taxation furthering potential welfare state come expense productive efficiency growth economy best example grew unprecedented rate 19451980 time high tax rates generous social spending legacy largely gutted 40 years rise neoliberalism inaugurated powell memo wave conservatism overtook west 1980s abandonment class politics labor socialdemocratic parties end cold war seen growth rates slow contrary predictions reaganites thatcherites insisted deregulation low corporate tax spur innovation create jobs trickle wealth rest societyppthe march equality like rest history fraught ironies fixed safe reversal united states example far distribution wealth european societies 19th century today flipped french revolution succeeded establishing principle emgalitem failed alter distribution wealth france piketty shows 1900 wealthiest controlled roughly property century good reasons whiggish temptation imagine progress equality straight line continue travel high tide capital markets raises boats reason believe continue 21st century surfeit technobillionaires reach new heights obscene wealth population postindustrial societies fall poverty jobs automated existence corrections madeppthe cause creating equal society depends heavily strength social democracy willingness renew question inequality largely efforts social movements things like free public education universal health care maternity leave social security unemployment insurance workers rights fixed salaries eighthour work day etc right things granted fiercely opposed time advocated fought violentlyppit important remember sensibilitiesand institutions basedare hardcoded regimes change prevailing sense fair acceptability regimes largely depends ideas hold place extent economic policies matters ideologya word piketty doesnt use pejorative little historical evidence support notion particular set policies adopted basis incompatible vague sense national character french revolution showed albeit blood countrys political organization attitudes equality change radically short time ppsweden held west model democratic socialism begin moving egalitarian policies socialist parties took power wwi 1911 sweden censitary suffrage according richest 20 percent vote elections number votes given citizen proportionate wealth echoes today campaign finance laws rulings like citizens united united states weve seen astonishing transformations countries like japan germany 19101960 transitioned military aristocracies fascist dictatorships democratized welfare states decadesphrpthe rapidity changes response catastrophic events demanded radical restructuring intuitions lies lesson societies ignore inequality peril abandonment social democracy germany 1920s weakened european socialism created vacuum allowed parties like nazis rise power development predicted trotsky confirmed hannah arendt emthe origins totalitarianismem abandonment truly internationalist movement people susceptible nationalist statist politics readily adapted demands interwar yearsppif politics europe america decade taught failure address inequality highly corrosive social contract fosters distrust resentment makes people vulnerable demagogy populism xenophobia reactionary politics kinds politicians refuse address real source inequality naturally search reasons explain usually involves finding scapegoats peoples grievancesimmigrants foreign labor foreign countries etc problem inequality addressed way ruling class protect interests gradually erode democratic institutionsppthis point brought sharper focus near close argument piketty writespblockquoteif democratic postnational project formulated authoritarian constructions place order propose convincing solutions feelings injustice engendered unrestrained economic state forces operating worldwide scaleblockquotepone honorable legacies socialist movements 20th century recognition struggle equality transcended identities national ethnic religious project improve conditions working people essentially international things demanded expansion human solidarity sadly fail internationalism today societies west founder nativist discourse tribalist thinking left displaced debate centered global critique capitalppperhaps rekindling bit old internationalism order wish crawl ugly phase politics avoid irony humiliation authoritarian populism spearheaded elites posing saviors forgotten require return certain principles hardier debate left end march greater equality coming century result debate competing visions socialism war socialism capitalismp

626db8cdf8873fdbfa741fb3

The equilibrium, a continuing series

blockquote punder both republican and democratic administrations the federal trade commission has consistently ranked in the top five for staff satisfaction among mediumsize government agencies according to annual government surveys but that changed in 2021 the year lina khan a favorite of progressives took the helm with plans to overhaul how the antitrust agency operates and turn it into a more aggressive bulwark against corporate consolidation especially in the tech sectorp pin the governments november survey of the 1100person ftc about half of whom responded 53 of employees said senior leaders maintain high standards of honesty and integrity down from 87 in 2020 and 49 of respondents had a high level of respect for senior leaders down from 83 in 2020 overall satisfaction with the agency dropped by a third to 60 from 89p pthe overall trends are not where we want them to be khan saidpblockquote phere is a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtheinformationcomarticlesftcchiefkhanvowstoaddresssinkingstaffmorale target_blankthe full piecea you may recall i predicted this from the beginningp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204theequilibriumacontinuingserieshtmlthe equilibrium a continuing seriesa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

blockquote punder republican democratic administrations federal trade commission consistently ranked staff satisfaction mediumsize government agencies according annual government surveys changed 2021 year lina khan favorite progressives took helm plans overhaul antitrust agency operates turn aggressive bulwark corporate consolidation especially tech sectorp pin governments november survey 1100person ftc half responded 53 employees said senior leaders maintain high standards honesty integrity 87 2020 49 respondents high level respect senior leaders 83 2020 overall satisfaction agency dropped 60 89p pthe overall trends want khan saidpblockquote phere relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtheinformationcomarticlesftcchiefkhanvowstoaddresssinkingstaffmorale target_blankthe piecea recall predicted beginningp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202204theequilibriumacontinuingserieshtmlthe equilibrium continuing seriesa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

6272ff47410dd7d518185639

Insurance markets in everything

blockquotepin many golf circles it was and still is customary for the lucky golfer tostrong buy drinksstrong for everyone in the clubhouse after landing a holeinone this often resulted in prohibitively expensive bar tabsp pand an industry sprouted up to protect these golfersp pa newspaper archive analysis by emthe hustleem revealed that holeinone insurance firms sprouted up as early as 1933p punder this model golfers could pay a fee say strong150strong about 35 today to cover astrong 25strong 550 bar tab and as one paper noted in 1937 the way some of the boys have been bagging the dodos it might not be a bad ideap pthough the concept largely faded away in the us it became a big business in japan where golfers who landed a holeinone were expected to throw a hrefhttpssoranews24com20160614hereswhyyoullneverwanttohitaholeinoneinjapanpartiesa comparable to a small wedding including live music food drinks and commemorative tree plantingsp pby the 1990s the holeinone insurance industry had a total market value of strong220mstrong an estimated a hrefhttpsapnewscomarticle1155db76b4b2f29ca80f9c1df62f86d230a of all japanese golfers shelled out 5070year to insure themselves against up to 35k in expensespblockquote phere is a relnoopener hrefhttpsthehustlecothestrangebusinessofholeinoneinsuranceamp target_blankthe full storya via mathanp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202205insurancemarketsineverything4htmlinsurance markets in everythinga appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

blockquotepin golf circles customary lucky golfer tostrongbuy drinksstrongfor clubhouse landing holeinone resulted prohibitively expensive bar tabsp pand industry sprouted protect golfersp pa newspaper archive analysis byemthe hustleemrevealed holeinone insurance firms sprouted early 1933p punder model golfers pay fee saystrong150strongabout 35 today cover astrong25strong550 bar tab paper noted 1937 way boys bagging dodos bad ideap pthough concept largely faded away big business japan golfers landed holeinone expected throwa hrefhttpssoranews24com20160614hereswhyyoullneverwanttohitaholeinoneinjapanpartiesacomparable small wedding including live music food drinks commemorative tree plantingsp pby 1990s holeinone insurance industry total market value ofstrong220mstrong estimateda hrefhttpsapnewscomarticle1155db76b4b2f29ca80f9c1df62f86d230aof japanese golfers shelled 5070year insure 35k expensespblockquote phere relnoopener hrefhttpsthehustlecothestrangebusinessofholeinoneinsuranceamp target_blankthe storya mathanp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202205insurancemarketsineverything4htmlinsurance markets everythinga appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

6272ff9e410dd7d518185647

The war on disinformation is a political project, not a simple matter of truth and lies

pinformation laundering is really quite ferociousits when a huckster takes some lies and makes them sound precociousby saying them in congress or a mainstream outlet so disinformations origins are slightly less atrociousp pthese are the lyrics to a ditty a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsthehillcomopinionjudiciary3472471bidensmarypoppinsofdisinformationtheperfectnannytotidyupmessoffreespeech target_blankcomposed by nina jankowicza the executive director of the us department of homeland securitys disinformation governance board a new body that was introduced to the public on 27 april in a video released on her tiktok channel jankowicz sings with gusto setting her disinformation anthem to the tune of supercalifragilisticexpialidocious from disneys emmary poppinsem p pthe choice of a song from childrens fiction is apt in the worldview that jankowicz is promoting disinformation is a matter of goodies and baddies the former tell the truth while the latter tell lies her disinformation governance board is on a mission to vanquish these hucksters it is disney all the way down p pwhats notable about the examples presented by jankowicz both in her song and in her writings and public statements is that only one side of the political aisle seems to be responsible for spreading disinformation most of the disinformation that weve seen this highly emotionally manipulative content is coming from the right she said in november 2020 so while jankowicz is quick to describe a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwwiredcomstoryfacebookgroupsaredestroyingamerica target_blankscepticism about the coronavirus vaccinea or the a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwspectatorcoukarticlehowbritainiswinninginthefightagainstfakenews target_blanksecurity of mailin ballotinga as disinformation i have not been able to find any instances of her condemning disinformation spread by leftleaning media outlets or politicians p pexamples of the latter do exist it was comically misleading for example for cnn to a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewsweekcomcnnmockedcallingkenoshariotsfierymostlypeacefulprotests1527997 target_blankbroadcast its reportera standing in front of burning cars during the black lives matter protests in august 2020 which the news ticker on the screen was simultaneously describing as fiery but mostly peaceful then there was that long period of time during which the covid19 lab leak hypothesis was considered to be a a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwbmjcomcontent374bmjn1656 target_blankdebunked conspiracy theorya until all of a sudden it wasnt early in the pandemic jankowicz herself suggested on twitter that promoting the utility of masks a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpstwittercomwiczipediastatus1235200450179354624ref_srctwsrc5etfw target_blankconstituted disinfoa before the rapid uturn in public health advice that led to the introduction of mask mandates it is straightforwardly wrong to suggest that the clash between left and right maps neatly on to the clash between truthtellers and liarsp pwhich is not to say that disinformation isnt a real thing the term was once used primarily to describe efforts by government intelligence agencies to undermine enemy states through deliberate deception in the early 2000s the word entered mainstream us politics and began to be used as a synonym for propaganda jankowicz is now among those speaking in sometimes apocalyptic terms about the threat that disinformation poses to the american nation facebook groups are destroying america is the headline of a piece a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwwiredcomstoryfacebookgroupsaredestroyingamerica target_blankshe wrotea for emwiredem in 2020p pthe problem with swapping out the word propaganda and replacing it with disinformation is that doing so obscures the role of political power elon musks takeover of twitter has triggered panic among many of the people most concerned about disinformation the former head of global news at twitter vivian schiller told bbc radio 4s emtodayem programme that the prospect filled her with existential dreadp pmusks critics are a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpstimecom6171272elonmusktwitterdisinformation target_blankterrifieda of the possibility that his apparent commitment to free speech is actually a cover for the promotion of harmful speech including disinformation both sides of this conflict are representing themselves as defenders of fundamental virtues with one side musks concerned with protecting free speech while the other side jankowiczs concerned with protecting the public from hostile actors this framing suggests a politically neutral contestp pbut there is nothing politically neutral about it the disinformation governance board is actually tasked not with defending the american people from lies but rather with defending the american people from statements that jankowicz and her political allies believe to be lies which is not at all the same thingp pthis does not mean that jankowicz is insincere far from it im quite sure that she genuinely understands herself to be in battle with the ferocious and atrocious creatures of the night there is no conspiracy to suppress the speech of the joe biden administrations domestic enemies at least not a conscious one there is a system at work here but it is a system that works in peculiar ways p pthere is a concept that can help us understand what is going on a concept developed by an american software engineer called curtis yarvin he doesnt have an academic position and he hasnt published any books at least not in analogue form instead he has written hundreds of thousands of words online some of which have been synthesised into ebooks that are available to download for freep pdespite his outsider status yarvin is perhaps one of the most influential political philosophers of this century and a highly controversial figure a a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwvanityfaircomnews202204insidethenewrightwherepeterthielisplacinghisbiggestbets target_blankrecent emvanity fairem featurea on what has been dubbed the new right details yarvins impact not only on powerful figures such as the tech billionaire peter thiel but also on a cool and youthful crowd who have turned against progressivism and are now forming something of a counterelite p pone of yarvins most influential ideas is concerned with what he calls the cathedral our prereformation forebears had the catholic church and the soviets had the politburo and we too have a nexus of powerful institutions that govern us the media and the academy but our cathedral has no central administrator there is no conspiracyp pinstead there is a group of clever and ambitious people all competing for status within elite institutions and this process of competition tends to produce ideological conformity across those institutions the cathedral has a party line without a party writes yarvin and if youve ever met any of the officially authorized bearers you know that the last thing they think of themselves as being is officially authorized bearersp pyou dont have to agree with the rest of yarvins writings to see that the cathedral metaphor has explanatory power it explains for instance how jankowicz an officially authorised bearer if ever there was one can be put in charge of a propaganda department and not realise it because ideological conformity makes the ideology invisible turning political conflict into a simple matter of truth and liesp pemstrong[see also a hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomculturebooks202204howsocialmediainfluencersaretryingtocombatthemythsandmisinformationaroundsexhow social media influencers are trying to combat the myths and misinformation around sexa]strongemp

pinformation laundering ferociousits huckster takes lies makes sound precociousby saying congress mainstream outlet disinformations origins slightly atrociousp pthese lyrics toa ditty relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsthehillcomopinionjudiciary3472471bidensmarypoppinsofdisinformationtheperfectnannytotidyupmessoffreespeech target_blankcomposed nina jankowiczathe executive director department homeland securitys disinformation governance board new body introduced public 27 april video released tiktok channel jankowicz sings gusto setting disinformation anthem tune supercalifragilisticexpialidocious disneysemmary poppinsemp pthe choice song childrens fiction apt worldview jankowicz promoting disinformation matter goodies baddies tell truth tell lies disinformation governance board mission vanquish hucksters disney way downp pwhats notable examples presented jankowicz song writings public statements political aisle responsible spreading disinformation disinformation weve seen highly emotionally manipulative content coming right saidin november 2020so jankowicz quick describea relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwwiredcomstoryfacebookgroupsaredestroyingamerica target_blankscepticism coronavirus vaccineaorthe relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwspectatorcoukarticlehowbritainiswinninginthefightagainstfakenews target_blanksecurity mailin ballotingaas disinformation able find instances condemning disinformation spread leftleaning media outlets politiciansp pexamples exist comically misleading example cnn relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewsweekcomcnnmockedcallingkenoshariotsfierymostlypeacefulprotests1527997 target_blankbroadcast reportera standing burning cars black lives matter protests august 2020 news ticker screen simultaneously describing fiery peaceful long period time covid19 lab leak hypothesis considered relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwbmjcomcontent374bmjn1656 target_blankdebunked conspiracy theorya sudden wasnt early pandemic jankowicz suggested twitter promoting utility masks relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpstwittercomwiczipediastatus1235200450179354624ref_srctwsrc5etfw target_blankconstituted disinfoa rapid uturn public health advice led introduction mask mandates straightforwardly wrong suggest clash left right maps neatly clash truthtellers liarsp pwhich disinformation isnt real thing term primarily describe efforts government intelligence agencies undermine enemy states deliberate deception early 2000s word entered mainstream politics andbegan synonym propagandajankowicz speaking apocalyptic terms threat disinformation poses american nation facebook groups destroying americais headline piece relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwwiredcomstoryfacebookgroupsaredestroyingamerica target_blankshe wrotea foremwiredemin 2020p pthe problem swapping word propaganda replacing disinformation obscures role political power elon musks takeover twitter triggered panic people concerned disinformation head global news twitter vivian schiller told bbc radio 4semtodayemprogramme prospect filled withexistential dreadp pmusks critics relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpstimecom6171272elonmusktwitterdisinformation target_blankterrifiedaof possibility apparent commitment free speech actually cover promotion harmful speech including disinformation sides conflict representing defenders fundamental virtues musks concerned protecting free speech jankowiczs concerned protecting public hostile actors framing suggests politically neutral contestp pbut politically neutral disinformation governance board actually tasked defending american people lies defending american people statements jankowicz political allies believe lies thingp pthis mean jankowicz insincere far im sure genuinely understands battle ferocious atrocious creatures night conspiracy suppress speech joe biden administrations domestic enemies conscious system work system works peculiar waysp pthere concept help understand going concept developed american software engineer called curtis yarvin doesnt academic position hasnt published books analogue form instead written hundreds thousands words online synthesised ebooks available download freep pdespite outsider status yarvin influential political philosophers century highly controversial figure aa relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwvanityfaircomnews202204insidethenewrightwherepeterthielisplacinghisbiggestbets target_blankrecentemvanity fairemfeatureaon dubbed new right details yarvins impact powerful figures tech billionaire peter thiel cool youthful crowd turned progressivism forming counterelitep pone yarvins influential ideas concerned calls cathedral prereformation forebears catholic church soviets politburo nexus powerful institutions govern media academy cathedral central administrator conspiracyp pinstead group clever ambitious people competing status elite institutions process competition tends produce ideological conformity institutions cathedral party line partywrites yarvin youve met officially authorized bearers know thing think officially authorized bearersp pyou dont agree rest yarvins writings cathedral metaphor explanatory power explains instance jankowicz officially authorised bearer charge propaganda department realise ideological conformity makes ideology invisible turning political conflict simple matter truth liesp pemstrong[see hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomculturebooks202204howsocialmediainfluencersaretryingtocombatthemythsandmisinformationaroundsexhow social media influencers trying combat myths misinformation sexa]strongemp

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Bill Gates on the pandemic: a misplaced faith in innovation

pin 2015 the american technologist and philanthropist bill gates warned that humanity wasnt ready for a pandemic seven years on as the world emerges hopefully from a pandemic for which it wasnt ready he thinks we have it within our power to make sure this one was the last there will be more disease outbreaks but we now possess the tools and the knowledge to prevent them from becoming global catastrophesp pgatess optimism is refreshing after the gloom of the last two years since we all learned a new word covid19 weve heard a lot about what we cant do we cant contain infection and remain democratic we cant vaccinate everybody in time to prevent new variants emerging we cant develop effective treatments before the pandemic is over gates thinks we can do all these things as long as we take the right lessons from covid he also thinks we can eliminate greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 the subject of his last book he wants us to act now while the fear lingers and before we return to our habitual complacencyp pthe roadmap he lays out sounds feasible it involves strengthening disease surveillance by exploiting the full potential of existing genomic sequencing and informatics tools supporting ongoing research into universal vaccines which protect not only against single pathogens but against whole families of pathogens building manufacturing and distribution capacity for vital diagnostics vaccines and treatments and further streamlining procedures for obtaining regulatory approval for these toolsp pit also involves strengthening primary healthcare systems around the world because general practitioners and community nurses will double as an earlywarning system and the main vehicle of prevention when the next outbreak occurs and it involves creating a team whose fulltime job is to coordinate pandemic preparedness efforts worldwide he calls this team germ for global epidemic response and mobilisation and estimates its running costs at 1bn a year less than a thousandth of annual global defence spending and a negligible amount compared to the trillions covid has already cost usp pstrongem[see also a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancompoliticshealth202112theglobalracetocontainomicron target_blankthe global race to contain omicrona]emstrongp pgatess proposals are wise and his goals should be our goals but how do we achieve them unsurprisingly given how the microsoft cofounder made his fortune he puts his faith in privatesector innovation supported by governments and philanthropy the status quo in other words but another thing this pandemic has taught us is that while markets and technology can solve a lot they cant solve everything and as things stand the private sector is as much a part of the problem as of the solutionp pcredit where credits due the technological developments that have been driven by this pandemic are breathtaking the messenger rna mrna vaccines that have already saved so many lives will save many more as they are adapted to fight other major killers and there have been less visible technological advances in recent years that stand to revolutionise our response to infectious disease one gates is particularly excited about is the cheap sensitive masstesting technology being developed by the british company lumiradx he also notes that innovation doesnt have to be hightech its mindblowing how cheap and effective masks are he writes adding that they by themselves could prevent an outbreak of respiratory disease developing into a pandemicp pphilanthropy deserves some credit too including his own the bill amp melinda gates foundation the philanthropic body that he set up with his now exwife in 2000 has made significant inroads into some major global health problems and contributed more than 2bn to the fight against covid it helped create the coalition for epidemic preparedness innovations cepi which played a critical role in the development of covid vaccines and anticipated the problem of vaccine inequity by backing the covax vaccinedistribution mechanismp punfortunately covax failed to meet its objectives gates says this happened for reasons beyond its control which is true wealthy countries bypassed it to negotiate their own deals with vaccinemakers but the real problem was that the vaccinemakers were calling the shots they were able to because they own all the intellectual property ip rights in their products even though the governments they were selling to bore much of the risk of the research that generated that ipp pgates explains this himself without seeing any contradiction he writes that the us government not only supported the academic work on mrna and its translation into marketable products but it also helped the vaccine companies to continue the work once the pandemic struck he also points out how reliant those companies were on the publicly funded infrastructure behind clinical trials in various parts of the world including africap phe claims and hes not alone that ip issues didnt impede the vaccine rollout limited manufacturing capacity and knowhow did he may be right making vaccines is far more challenging than making many other drugs partly because theyre given to healthy people so qualitycontrol standards are higher but a south african companys successful effort to copy modernas covid mrna vaccine after the american firm promised not to enforce its patents during the pandemic has severely tested that claimp pand if intellectual property isnt the obstacle why did a consultancy hired by biontech another mrna vaccinemaker lobby against the world health organisation whos efforts to boost manufacturing capacity in africap pthe ongoing campaign to persuade the world trade organisation to temporarily waive ip rights on all medical products needed to control the covid pandemic the efficacy of which gates is personally sceptical about though its a move his foundation now supports came too late to have an impact on this pandemic even if it forces partial change but it may be possible to negotiate a new deal ahead of the next outbreak one in which the pharmaceutical industry doesnt set global health priorities and its products dont automatically go to the highest bidderp pit wont be easy and governments may have to stump up more cash themselves to persuade the companies to relinquish some control but the firms have to compromise too they can still make huge profits just slightly less huge and without impeding public health goals in a time of crisisp pstrongem[see also a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomuncategorized202010scarslongcovid target_blankthe scars of long covida]emstrongp pgates allows little of this he concedes that firms should commit to more tiered pricing where richer countries pay higher prices than poorer ones and secondsource deals where they agree to share tools and expertise with other companies but he would leave the world reliant on their largesse as philosophies go its at best paternalistic at worst imperialistic and he has other blind spotsp phe writes for example that the united states couldnt have envisaged datasharing in the way that say south korea did to track the spread of the virus thats all he has to say about this complex subject but while south koreas entirely legal datacollection efforts were considered by some to infringe privacy and it did go further than other countries in the intimacy and precision of the details it released others highlighted how effective those efforts were in containing the virus american contacttracing efforts were poor by contrast yet us social media users haemorrhage personal data and it is often used against them so there is surely a debate to be had about balancing privacy and public health and an important distinction to be made between curtailing liberalism and curtailing democracyp pgates is right that the private sector isnt solely to blame for our woes we all have a part to play in solving the collectiveaction problem posed by pandemics by for example mandating our governments to confer more powers and resources on the who which coordinates the global responsep phe is also right that technology alone could eliminate some problems if scientists devised a highly effective singledose vaccine that could be stored at room temperature whose production could be scaled up far more quickly than is possible now something that is alas not yet on the horizon vaccine inequity might simply ebb awayp pif history is anything to go by however new technologies will create new problems ones the market is again poorly equipped to solve the need to strike the right balance between public and private sectors is one we will have to tackle sooner or later and given the new disease threats we are already facing notably avian flu new strains of which have recently been detected in humans sooner would be better p pstronghow to prevent the next pandemicbrbill gatesbremallen lane 304pp 25emstrongp pemlaura spinney is a writer and science journalist based in paris her books include pale rider the spanish flu of 1918 and how it changed the world vintageemp

pin 2015 american technologist philanthropist bill gates warned humanity wasnt ready pandemic seven years world emerges hopefully pandemic wasnt ready thinks power sure disease outbreaks possess tools knowledge prevent global catastrophesp pgatess optimism refreshing gloom years learned new word covid19 weve heard lot cant cant contain infection remain democratic cant vaccinate everybody time prevent new variants emerging cant develop effective treatments pandemic gates thinks things long right lessons covid thinks eliminate greenhouse gas emissions 2050 subject book wants act fear lingers return habitual complacencyp pthe roadmap lays sounds feasible involves strengthening disease surveillance exploiting potential existing genomic sequencing informatics tools supporting ongoing research universal vaccines protect single pathogens families pathogens building manufacturing distribution capacity vital diagnostics vaccines treatments streamlining procedures obtaining regulatory approval toolsp pit involves strengthening primary healthcare systems world general practitioners community nurses double earlywarning system main vehicle prevention outbreak occurs involves creating team fulltime job coordinate pandemic preparedness efforts worldwide calls team germ global epidemic response mobilisation estimates running costs 1bn year thousandth annual global defence spending negligible compared trillions covid cost usp pstrongem[see relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancompoliticshealth202112theglobalracetocontainomicron target_blankthe global race contain omicrona]emstrongp pgatess proposals wise goals goals achieve unsurprisingly given microsoft cofounder fortune puts faith privatesector innovation supported governments philanthropy status quo words thing pandemic taught markets technology solve lot cant solve things stand private sector problem solutionp pcredit credits technological developments driven pandemic breathtaking messenger rna mrna vaccines saved lives save adapted fight major killers visible technological advances recent years stand revolutionise response infectious disease gates particularly excited cheap sensitive masstesting technology developed british company lumiradx notes innovation doesnt hightech mindblowing cheap effective masks writes adding prevent outbreak respiratory disease developing pandemicp pphilanthropy deserves credit including bill amp melinda gates foundation philanthropic body set exwife 2000 significant inroads major global health problems contributed 2bn fight covid helped create coalition epidemic preparedness innovations cepi played critical role development covid vaccines anticipated problem vaccine inequity backing covax vaccinedistribution mechanismp punfortunately covax failed meet objectives gates says happened reasons control true wealthy countries bypassed negotiate deals vaccinemakers real problem vaccinemakers calling shots able intellectual property ip rights products governments selling bore risk research generated ipp pgates explains seeing contradiction writes government supported academic work mrna translation marketable products helped vaccine companies continue work pandemic struck points reliant companies publicly funded infrastructure clinical trials parts world including africap phe claims hes ip issues didnt impede vaccine rollout limited manufacturing capacity knowhow right making vaccines far challenging making drugs partly theyre given healthy people qualitycontrol standards higher south african companys successful effort copy modernas covid mrna vaccine american firm promised enforce patents pandemic severely tested claimp pand intellectual property isnt obstacle consultancy hired biontech mrna vaccinemaker lobby world health organisation whos efforts boost manufacturing capacity africap pthe ongoing campaign persuade world trade organisation temporarily waive ip rights medical products needed control covid pandemic efficacy gates personally sceptical foundation supports came late impact pandemic forces partial change possible negotiate new deal ahead outbreak pharmaceutical industry doesnt set global health priorities products dont automatically highest bidderp pit wont easy governments stump cash persuade companies relinquish control firms compromise huge profits slightly huge impeding public health goals time crisisp pstrongem[see relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomuncategorized202010scarslongcovid target_blankthe scars long covida]emstrongp pgates allows little concedes firms commit tiered pricing richer countries pay higher prices poorer ones secondsource deals agree share tools expertise companies leave world reliant largesse philosophies best paternalistic worst imperialistic blind spotsp phe writes example united states couldnt envisaged datasharing way south korea track spread virus thats complex subject south koreas entirely legal datacollection efforts considered infringe privacy countries intimacy precision details released highlighted effective efforts containing virus american contacttracing efforts poor contrast social media users haemorrhage personal data surely debate balancing privacy public health important distinction curtailing liberalism curtailing democracyp pgates right private sector isnt solely blame woes play solving collectiveaction problem posed pandemics example mandating governments confer powers resources coordinates global responsep phe right technology eliminate problems scientists devised highly effective singledose vaccine stored room temperature production scaled far quickly possible alas horizon vaccine inequity simply ebb awayp pif history new technologies create new problems ones market poorly equipped solve need strike right balance public private sectors tackle sooner later given new disease threats facing notably avian flu new strains recently detected humans sooner better p pstronghow prevent pandemicbrbill gatesbremallen lane 304pp 25emstrongp pemlaura spinney writer science journalist based paris books include pale rider spanish flu 1918 changed world vintageemp

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Remote Learning Was Even More Harmful Than Previously Thought, Research Shows

pimg width736 alt srchttpss2freebeaconcomup202203rsz_personschoolingcontinuesutahmanydistrictsacrossnatiojpg height514ppremote learning had an even worse effect on us students education than was previously known new research showsp pk12 students who attended school from home in the 20202021 school year lost 50 percent of their typical math curriculum learning according to a relnoopener hrefhttpsceprharvardeduroadtocovidrecovery target_blanka harvard studya first a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220505briefingschoolclosurescovidlearninglosshtml target_blankreporteda by the emnew york timesem even students who went back to school in fall 2020 lost 20 percent of their typical math curriculum learning due to pandemic disruptions in the spring the learning disparities were the worst for poor black and latino students a gap that one of the studys authors called quotthe largest increase in educational inequity in a generationquotp pquotits pretty clear that remote school was not good for learningquot emily oster a brown university economist and the coauthor of a similar study told the emtimesem oster was one of the first to sound the alarm about the danger of school closures in october 2020 she wrote a piece for the ematlanticem quotschools arent superspreadersquot which argued the risk of covid spread in schools was overblownp pchildren are at a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbristolacuknews2021julyncmdcovidriskshtml target_blanklow riska of severe illness or death from covid19 inschool transmission is also quotextremely rarequot according to a 2021 a relnoopener hrefhttpsabcsciencecollaborativeorgwpcontentuploads202101pediatricspublicationpdf target_blankstudya by the american academy of pediatricsp pquotin places where schools reopened that summer and fall the spread of covid was not noticeably worse than in places where schools remained closedquot the emtimesems david leonhardt wrote on thursday quotschools also reopened in parts of europe without seeming to spark outbreaksquotp pstudents who suffered the greatest learning losses were often in districts that succumbed to powerful teachers unions and democratic officials who fought to keep schools closed schools in the poorest areas on average stayed remote five weeks longer than affluent areasp pas late as march this year chicago public schools in coordination with its teachers union a relnoopener hrefhttpsfreebeaconcomcoronaviruschicagopublicschoolsismaskingkidsagainitsteachersunionstillwantsmorerestrictions target_blankwas implementinga athome learning periods for classes after covid exposures additionally any school could flip to remote learning provided at least 30 percent of teachers were absent for at least two days or at least 40 percent of students were told to quarantine by the citys health departmentp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsfreebeaconcomcampusremotelearningwasevenmoreharmfulthanpreviouslythoughtresearchshowsremote learning was even more harmful than previously thought research showsa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsfreebeaconcomwashington free beaconap

pimg width736 alt srchttpss2freebeaconcomup202203rsz_personschoolingcontinuesutahmanydistrictsacrossnatiojpg height514ppremote learning worse effect students education previously known new research showsp pk12 students attended school home 20202021 school year lost 50 percent typical math curriculum learning according relnoopener hrefhttpsceprharvardeduroadtocovidrecovery target_blanka harvard studya relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220505briefingschoolclosurescovidlearninglosshtml target_blankreporteda theemnew york timesem students went school fall 2020 lost 20 percent typical math curriculum learning pandemic disruptions spring learning disparities worst poor black latino students gap studys authors called quotthe largest increase educational inequity generationquotp pquotits pretty clear remote school good learningquot emily oster brown university economist coauthor similar study told theemtimesem oster sound alarm danger school closures october 2020 wrote piece theematlanticem quotschools arent superspreadersquot argued risk covid spread schools overblownp pchildren relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbristolacuknews2021julyncmdcovidriskshtml target_blanklow riska severe illness death covid19 inschool transmission quotextremely rarequot according 2021 relnoopener hrefhttpsabcsciencecollaborativeorgwpcontentuploads202101pediatricspublicationpdf target_blankstudya american academy pediatricsp pquotin places schools reopened summer fall spread covid noticeably worse places schools remained closedquot emtimesems david leonhardt wrote thursday quotschools reopened parts europe spark outbreaksquotp pstudents suffered greatest learning losses districts succumbed powerful teachers unions democratic officials fought schools closed schools poorest areas average stayed remote weeks longer affluent areasp pas late march year chicago public schools coordination teachers union relnoopener hrefhttpsfreebeaconcomcoronaviruschicagopublicschoolsismaskingkidsagainitsteachersunionstillwantsmorerestrictions target_blankwas implementinga athome learning periods classes covid exposures additionally school flip remote learning provided 30 percent teachers absent days 40 percent students told quarantine citys health departmentp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsfreebeaconcomcampusremotelearningwasevenmoreharmfulthanpreviouslythoughtresearchshowsremote learning harmful previously thought research showsa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsfreebeaconcomwashington free beaconap

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My Conversation with the excellent Chris Blattman

phere is a relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodeschrisblattmanwhywefight target_blankthe audio transcript and videoa we did this one facetoface  here is part of the summaryp blockquote pwhat causes warchris and tyler also cover why he doesnt think demographics are a good predictor of a countrys willingness to go to war the informal norms that restrain nations the dangers of responding to cyberattacks the breakdown of elite bargains in ethiopia the relationship between high state capacity and war the greatest threats to peace in ireland why political speech isnt usually a reliable indicator of future action vladimir putins centralized motives for invading ukraine why hes long on colombia democratically  but not economically why more money wont necessarily help the mexican government curb cartel violence the singlemindedness necessary for bouldering how harold inniss insights about commodities led chris to start studying war how the university of chicago has maintained a culture of free inquiry and morep blockquote pand from the dialoguep blockquote pstrongcowen strongif you look at the marginal cases  since there are some wars  theres a bunch of cases even if unusual where someone is right at the margin at the margin what are the factors that are most likely to account for the explanatory variation in whether or not a country goes to warp pstrongblattman strongfor me the one that people talk the least about that strikes me as the most important is how concentrated is power in the country whats holding back someone from considering all of the implications of their actions on other people should they decide to take their society to warp pits maybe the most important margin in history and its maybe the one that no one of my tribes  which are political economists  think and talk the least about its the one that  in journalism people leap to psychological explanations and they try to understand the psychology of leaders but they dont try to understand the way in which theyre constrained so its this combination of the most important and the most ignoredp pstrongcowen strongso federal societies are less likely to go to warp blockquote pinteresting throughout  and i am very happy to recommend chriss new and important book a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwamazoncomwhywefightrootspathsebookdpb099vv73zhrefsr_1_1cridtma5guql27gkkeywordschrisblattmanqid1651733325sprefixchrisblattman2caps2c135sr81 target_blankwhy we fight the roots of war and the path to peacea  and here is a relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodeschrisblattman target_blankmy earlier 2018 conversation with chrisap pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202205myconversationwiththeexcellentchrisblattmanhtmlmy conversation with the excellent chris blattmana appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

phere relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodeschrisblattmanwhywefight target_blankthe audio transcript videoa facetoface summaryp blockquote pwhat causes warchris tyler cover doesnt think demographics good predictor countrys willingness war informal norms restrain nations dangers responding cyberattacks breakdown elite bargains ethiopia relationship high state capacity war greatest threats peace ireland political speech isnt usually reliable indicator future action vladimir putins centralized motives invading ukraine hes long colombia democraticallybut economically money wont necessarily help mexican government curb cartel violence singlemindedness necessary bouldering harold inniss insights commodities led chris start studying war university chicago maintained culture free inquiry morep blockquote pand dialoguep blockquote pstrongcowenstrongif look marginal casessince warstheres bunch cases unusual right margin margin factors likely account explanatory variation country goes warp pstrongblattmanstrongfor people talk strikes important concentrated power country whats holding considering implications actions people decide society warp pits maybe important margin history maybe tribeswhich political economiststhink talk thatin journalism people leap psychological explanations try understand psychology leaders dont try understand way theyre constrained combination important ignoredp pstrongcowenstrongso federal societies likely warp blockquote pinteresting happy recommend chriss new important book relnoopener hrefhttpswwwamazoncomwhywefightrootspathsebookdpb099vv73zhrefsr_1_1cridtma5guql27gkkeywordschrisblattmanqid1651733325sprefixchrisblattman2caps2c135sr81 target_blankwhy fight roots war path peacea relnoopener hrefhttpsconversationswithtylercomepisodeschrisblattman target_blankmy earlier 2018 conversation chrisap pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202205myconversationwiththeexcellentchrisblattmanhtmlmy conversation excellent chris blattmana appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

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The emptiness of being queer

pwhat does queer mean to you for many older gays and transsexuals its an unpleasant reminder of past homophobic encounters some of them physically threatening yet thanks to its positive recuperation over the last 30 years today queerness means something completely different its now an umbrella identity covering everything thats nonstandard and nonvanilla in the sexual world from boring old lesbians to more brilliant nonbinaries demisexuals kinklovers and beyondp pin recent years queerness has also become a fascinatingly multifunctional symbolic object in the psyche of the nation simultaneously representing both sexily avantgarde transgression and fully paidup membership of the british establishment compelling new evidence of the latter is provided by the opening this week of a relnoopener hrefhttpsqueerbritainorguk target_blanka museuma celebrating lgbtq history in central london entitled queer britain the venture is financially supported by mampc saatchi allen and overy levis and coutts and lists partnership with the vampa the national trust the tate the british library and english heritage on its websitep pin stentorian tones more reminiscent of the queens platinum jubilee than derek jarmans emjubileeem we are told that the museum will be an essential place for all regardless of sexuality or gender identity to find out about the culture they have been born into have chosen or seek to understand it will help complete the nations family tree online events in the runup to its opening included a relnoopener hrefhttpsqueerbritainorgukhistory2021madamefaward target_blankpartnering with a wine companya to run a competition asking what queer creativity means and a celebration of a hrefhttpsqueerbritainorgukhistory2021theturing50the launcha by the bank of england of whats surely the least visible banknote in its history to date a 50 note featuring alan turing unlucky in his timing once againp divdiv pa project on the history of the gerrymandered categories of lgbtq and queer is of course a fantastic idea were it done properly it would be genuinely exciting ideally such a museum would interrogate the sociological and historical conditions of its own movement it might ask for instance what economic forces have shaped its transition from the gay rights movement of 20th century to the present rainbow soup in which many lesbians and gays feel they are not waving but drowning who gains and who loses from this radical reorientationp prelatedly a serious historical inquiry might ask how did stonewall move from defending the rights of homosexuals in the nineties to arguing in 2022 that lesbian women should date members of the opposite sex that is males who identify as women or else be judged as motivated by a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwspectatorcoukarticleinpraiseofstonewall target_blanksocial prejudicea and even a relnoopener hrefhttpstwittercomprofalicesstatus1462721963751874565langengb target_blanksexual racisma and while historians were at it they might also consider how our society has moved from the laudable aim of depathologising homosexuality to a now fairly widespread acceptance of the chemical castration of confused gay youth under the guise of transitioning them a fate horribly reminiscent of the one meted out so vindictively to turing all fascinating historical questions none of which are remotely likely to be asked within the glossy corporatefriendly walls of queer britain i predictp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202204gettyimages1239585252copy300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthrefinnarspanmore from this authorspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthrefinnarh5how philosophy sacrificed the truthh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthrefinnarspanbyspan kathleen stockapdivadiv pin truth queerness as framed by its most culturally powerful representatives has absolutely nothing to do with the average gay man lesbian bisexual or adult transsexual in the uk for most of these their sexual orientation or feelings of gender identity are not the chief source of meaning or motivation in life and hence they are not particularly politically engaged in activism nor in posturing online about queerness this leaves the field clear for rather more selfinterested people to take both the mic and the money the fantasy conjured up by the overused phrase lgbtq community might suggest a cohesive group with genuinely shared interests if not some sort of glittery highcamp version of the a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbruderhofcom target_blankbruderhofa but in fact the term is a shiny carapace shielding the eyes of straight people from big underlying divisionsp pthough youre unlikely to see an exhibit about it at queer britain at the top of the pile sits an uneasy coalition of two radically different factions each indifferent to the interests of many for whom they jointly claim to speak the first of these factions is the sexual libertarians mostly accounting for what remains of the avantgarde reputation of queerness in the public mind broadly speaking this group wishes to erode most prohibitive sexual norms in society considering them as pernicious curbs on individual freedom some are gay men some are transwomen and some are as the lingo goes cishet but overcompensate for it by means of elaborate tattoos the sort of facial hirsuteness last seen on a victorian parson and an ostentatious interest in pornography all have a strong theoretical interest in sex perhaps not so much in practice given the amount of time spent talking about it but who knowsp pwhat unites this group is the conviction that theres no sexual act between adults that cannot be redeemed through the magic of consent a significant number of them are to be found in universities opining scholastically about chemsex bdsm furries sexual choking or whatever the latest and hottest transgression is supposed to be another notable presence is in the creative arts in terms of concrete political projects they mostly nick ideas from the instinctively libertarian youth culture currently going haywire on the internet indeed a lot of unthinking public support for sexual libertarian projects comes from the merging of those projects with those of more idealistic and naive teenagers doing their best to piss off their mothers by talking loudly on the internet about sexual deviancyp pmeanwhile to situations where consent is obviously absent as in the large number of sexual offences against women the response from sexual libertarians is mostly studied indifference these people are not in the business of public sexual disapproval after all yet despite being normaverse in sexual matters they are often happy to enforce social sanctions against those who they consider political enemies tending to be highly censorious about speech they perceive to threaten their own interests they like to call themselves feminists though only on the understanding that judith butler has definitively shown that women dont really exist though a few pay surrogate birthing bodies to produce instafriendly babies most dont have children but this doesnt stop them having very confident opinions on the rearing of trans kids or on sex education in schoolsp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204fiverulesfordealingwithtransactivistsrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202204fiverulesfordealingwithtransactivistsrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022042gettyimages1233694726scalede1649676167555300x165jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204fiverulesfordealingwithtransactivistsrefinnarspanmore from this authorspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204fiverulesfordealingwithtransactivistsrefinnarh5five rules for fighting transactivismh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204fiverulesfordealingwithtransactivistsrefinnarspanbyspan kathleen stockapdivadiv pthe second significant influence on contemporary queer culture could not be more different these are the rainbow bureaucrats the charity workers and trustees managers pr specialists lobbyists and equality advisers who keep the whole corporatefriendly show on the road in contrast to the sexualised normbusting swagger of the libertarians the dominant idiom here is completely asexual and intensely moralised the selfappointed role of the rainbow bureaucrat is to educate to sooth to care to manage difficult conversations to protect and to inspire the tone is comforting homely and eminently responsible its time for tea and biscuits not for chemsex and as with bureaucrats everywhere there is also a positive relish for rules and norms what words to say and not to say what badges and lanyards to wear what stonewall holy days to mark what petitions to sign what bake sales to have what mantras to chant what merchandise to buy there is also a strong legislative instinct as soon as there is a norm they approve of there probably ought to be a law or a policy to help it alongp pan illustrative example of this side of the queer coin is the a relnoopener hrefhttpsmermaidsukorgukgclidcj0kcqjwpcotbhczarisaeayluuj1ydve0q4wps1bm5rkpsdp0_ybvabc2gleydb5l0gpkzpao5txkuaao_6ealw_wcb target_blankmermaids websitea where a basic aim of the charity lobbying to make medical and social transition easier for minors is placed within a miasma of cooing caring supporting affirming and consoling colluding against potentially protesting parents the site even tells kids that if you are nervous about visiting our site then you can click on the arrow over on the righthandside of the screen and itll take you to another page the arrow takes you to wikipedia so much for emout and proudemp pthese then are the two signatories to the exceptionally weird pact underpinning queerness as a contemporary cultural phenomenon in the uk between one side who believes nothing and one who believes everything between the icily cold and the warmly caring between those who say fuck the police and those who want to call the police in mermaids case quite literally a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtelegraphcouknews20220430transgenderwomenadvisedcall999askedleavewomenonlylavatories target_blankas was revealed last weeka the sexual libertarians steal their ideas from youth cultures online while the rainbow bureaucrats operationalise those ideas earnestly selling them back as identities to the next generation of young consumers as well as selling on the victimhood tropes that will keep the cash flowing from corporates keen to have a socially responsiblelooking brandp pperhaps it wont have escaped the reader thus far that theres a biological element to all this too the sexual libertarians are mostly men the a relnoopener hrefhttpsmermaidsukorgukstaffandtrustees target_blankstaff and trustees of mermaidsa are nearly all female no matter how they identify and in my experience so are most other rainbow bureaucrats despite foundational intellectual myths it turns out biological sex matters in the queer world too and though they wont like it its tempting to see these two factions as part of a tediously conventional nuclear family with rebellious jackthelad dad and solicitous stayathome mum and with many confused children shunting between the twop diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204theweekthetransspellwasbrokenrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202204theweekthetransspellwasbrokenrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022042gettyimages1272111047scaled1300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204theweekthetransspellwasbrokenrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204theweekthetransspellwasbrokenrefinnarh5the week the trans spell was brokenh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204theweekthetransspellwasbrokenrefinnarspanbyspan hadley freemanapdivadiv pbetween them these two symbolic parental figures allow queerness to be all things to all nonmen depending on what the interest is at the time sexily threatening or passively threatened thrillingly disruptive or reassuringly conventional cynically nihilistic or earnestly idealistic their joint influence explains why the adjective queer might as easily be added to a brighton nightclub flyer as to an nhs pamphlet or an article in the womens institute magazine it also explains why the whole lgbtq movement remains so impervious to criticism should a sexual libertarian ever go rogue and overdo the transgression say by claiming that a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtelegraphcouknews20210727petertatchellchildrenhavesexualdesiresearlyage target_blankchildren have sexual desires at an early agea or should a rainbow bureaucrat ever get sloppy with procedure say by committing a a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwdigitalhealthnet202107mermaidsfinedicodataprotectionbreachtextan20investigation20into20mermaids20wasthe20breach20in20june202019 target_blankmassive data breacha other bureaucrats will instantly appear in reassuring mummymode to steady the horses talking soothingly about best international practice and strong safeguarding policiesp pif a backup is needed a predigested narrative stands ready for employment at any time which says that any criticism must be motivated by phobia and since victimhood sells these days both to troubled kids looking for a spiritual home and to corporates looking for a progressive brand image a crisis is thereby neatly turned into an opportunity for growth truly when they called this whole racket queer they werent wrongp a hrefhttpsunherdcom202205theemptinessofbeingqueerappcommentsview 10 commentsa

pwhat queer mean older gays transsexuals unpleasant reminder past homophobic encounters physically threatening thanks positive recuperation 30 years today queerness means completely different umbrella identity covering thats nonstandard nonvanilla sexual world boring old lesbians brilliant nonbinaries demisexuals kinklovers beyondp pin recent years queerness fascinatingly multifunctional symbolic object psyche nation simultaneously representing sexily avantgarde transgression fully paidup membership british establishment compelling new evidence provided opening week relnoopener hrefhttpsqueerbritainorguk target_blanka museuma celebrating lgbtq history central london entitled queer britain venture financially supported mampc saatchi allen overy levis coutts lists partnership vampa national trust tate british library english heritage websitep pin stentorian tones reminiscent queens platinum jubilee derek jarmans emjubileeem told museum essential place regardless sexuality gender identity find culture born chosen seek understand help complete nations family tree online events runup opening included relnoopener hrefhttpsqueerbritainorgukhistory2021madamefaward target_blankpartnering wine companya run competition asking queer creativity means celebration hrefhttpsqueerbritainorgukhistory2021theturing50the launcha bank england whats surely visible banknote history date 50 note featuring alan turing unlucky timing againp divdiv pa project history gerrymandered categories lgbtq queer course fantastic idea properly genuinely exciting ideally museum interrogate sociological historical conditions movement ask instance economic forces shaped transition gay rights movement 20th century present rainbow soup lesbians gays feel waving drowning gains loses radical reorientationp prelatedly historical inquiry ask stonewall defending rights homosexuals nineties arguing 2022 lesbian women date members opposite sex males identify women judged motivated relnoopener hrefhttpswwwspectatorcoukarticleinpraiseofstonewall target_blanksocial prejudicea relnoopener hrefhttpstwittercomprofalicesstatus1462721963751874565langengb target_blanksexual racisma historians consider society moved laudable aim depathologising homosexuality fairly widespread acceptance chemical castration confused gay youth guise transitioning fate horribly reminiscent meted vindictively turing fascinating historical questions remotely likely asked glossy corporatefriendly walls queer britain predictp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202204gettyimages1239585252copy300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthrefinnarspanmore authorspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthrefinnarh5how philosophy sacrificed truthh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howphilosophygaveuponthetruthrefinnarspanbyspan kathleen stockapdivadiv pin truth queerness framed culturally powerful representatives absolutely average gay man lesbian bisexual adult transsexual uk sexual orientation feelings gender identity chief source meaning motivation life particularly politically engaged activism posturing online queerness leaves field clear selfinterested people mic money fantasy conjured overused phrase lgbtq community suggest cohesive group genuinely shared interests sort glittery highcamp version relnoopener hrefhttpswwwbruderhofcom target_blankbruderhofa fact term shiny carapace shielding eyes straight people big underlying divisionsp pthough youre unlikely exhibit queer britain pile sits uneasy coalition radically different factions indifferent interests jointly claim speak factions sexual libertarians accounting remains avantgarde reputation queerness public mind broadly speaking group wishes erode prohibitive sexual norms society considering pernicious curbs individual freedom gay men transwomen lingo goes cishet overcompensate means elaborate tattoos sort facial hirsuteness seen victorian parson ostentatious interest pornography strong theoretical interest sex practice given time spent talking knowsp pwhat unites group conviction theres sexual act adults redeemed magic consent significant number found universities opining scholastically chemsex bdsm furries sexual choking latest hottest transgression supposed notable presence creative arts terms concrete political projects nick ideas instinctively libertarian youth culture currently going haywire internet lot unthinking public support sexual libertarian projects comes merging projects idealistic naive teenagers best piss mothers talking loudly internet sexual deviancyp pmeanwhile situations consent obviously absent large number sexual offences women response sexual libertarians studied indifference people business public sexual disapproval despite normaverse sexual matters happy enforce social sanctions consider political enemies tending highly censorious speech perceive threaten interests like feminists understanding judith butler definitively shown women dont exist pay surrogate birthing bodies produce instafriendly babies dont children doesnt stop having confident opinions rearing trans kids sex education schoolsp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204fiverulesfordealingwithtransactivistsrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202204fiverulesfordealingwithtransactivistsrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022042gettyimages1233694726scalede1649676167555300x165jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204fiverulesfordealingwithtransactivistsrefinnarspanmore authorspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204fiverulesfordealingwithtransactivistsrefinnarh5five rules fighting transactivismh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204fiverulesfordealingwithtransactivistsrefinnarspanbyspan kathleen stockapdivadiv pthe second significant influence contemporary queer culture different rainbow bureaucrats charity workers trustees managers pr specialists lobbyists equality advisers corporatefriendly road contrast sexualised normbusting swagger libertarians dominant idiom completely asexual intensely moralised selfappointed role rainbow bureaucrat educate sooth care manage difficult conversations protect inspire tone comforting homely eminently responsible time tea biscuits chemsex bureaucrats positive relish rules norms words badges lanyards wear stonewall holy days mark petitions sign bake sales mantras chant merchandise buy strong legislative instinct soon norm approve probably ought law policy help alongp pan illustrative example queer coin relnoopener hrefhttpsmermaidsukorgukgclidcj0kcqjwpcotbhczarisaeayluuj1ydve0q4wps1bm5rkpsdp0_ybvabc2gleydb5l0gpkzpao5txkuaao_6ealw_wcb target_blankmermaids websitea basic aim charity lobbying medical social transition easier minors placed miasma cooing caring supporting affirming consoling colluding potentially protesting parents site tells kids nervous visiting site click arrow righthandside screen itll page arrow takes wikipedia emout proudemp pthese signatories exceptionally weird pact underpinning queerness contemporary cultural phenomenon uk believes believes icily cold warmly caring fuck police want police mermaids case literally relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtelegraphcouknews20220430transgenderwomenadvisedcall999askedleavewomenonlylavatories target_blankas revealed weeka sexual libertarians steal ideas youth cultures online rainbow bureaucrats operationalise ideas earnestly selling identities generation young consumers selling victimhood tropes cash flowing corporates keen socially responsiblelooking brandp pperhaps wont escaped reader far theres biological element sexual libertarians men relnoopener hrefhttpsmermaidsukorgukstaffandtrustees target_blankstaff trustees mermaidsa nearly female matter identify experience rainbow bureaucrats despite foundational intellectual myths turns biological sex matters queer world wont like tempting factions tediously conventional nuclear family rebellious jackthelad dad solicitous stayathome mum confused children shunting twop diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204theweekthetransspellwasbrokenrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202204theweekthetransspellwasbrokenrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022042gettyimages1272111047scaled1300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204theweekthetransspellwasbrokenrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204theweekthetransspellwasbrokenrefinnarh5the week trans spell brokenh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204theweekthetransspellwasbrokenrefinnarspanbyspan hadley freemanapdivadiv pbetween symbolic parental figures allow queerness things nonmen depending interest time sexily threatening passively threatened thrillingly disruptive reassuringly conventional cynically nihilistic earnestly idealistic joint influence explains adjective queer easily added brighton nightclub flyer nhs pamphlet article womens institute magazine explains lgbtq movement remains impervious criticism sexual libertarian rogue overdo transgression claiming relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtelegraphcouknews20210727petertatchellchildrenhavesexualdesiresearlyage target_blankchildren sexual desires early agea rainbow bureaucrat sloppy procedure committing relnoopener hrefhttpswwwdigitalhealthnet202107mermaidsfinedicodataprotectionbreachtextan20investigation20into20mermaids20wasthe20breach20in20june202019 target_blankmassive data breacha bureaucrats instantly appear reassuring mummymode steady horses talking soothingly best international practice strong safeguarding policiesp pif backup needed predigested narrative stands ready employment time says criticism motivated phobia victimhood sells days troubled kids looking spiritual home corporates looking progressive brand image crisis neatly turned opportunity growth truly called racket queer werent wrongp hrefhttpsunherdcom202205theemptinessofbeingqueerappcommentsview 10 commentsa

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Paulo Freire’s Marxification of Education

h4spanthe new discourses podcast with james lindsay episode 75br critical education theory series part 11spanh4 pthis episode of the new discourses podcast continues into a second part a long miniseries exploring paulo freires landmark 1985 book a relnoopener hrefhttpsamznto3ij4zot datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsamznto3ij4zotampsourcegmailampust1652199875037000ampusgaovvaw0prg4x2llexftgdzfqd1vh target_blankithe politics of education culture power and liberationia and it is embedded in the broader a relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomtagcriticaleducationtheory datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsnewdiscoursescomtagcriticaleducationtheoryampsourcegmailampust1652199875037000ampusgaovvaw2lt5idcafiictxl2mupesk target_blankcritical education theory seriesa here in the previous part james lindsay presented the ideas of the fifth chapter wherein the seeds of socialemotional learning sel are laid as freire describes how education and social work are closely related the previous parts of this series covering the earlier chapters of the book can be found a relnofollow noopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202204paulofreirespoliticsofeducation target_blankherea a relnofollow noopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202204paulofreireeducatingtoproclaimtheworld target_blankherea and a relnofollow noopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202204socialworkeducation target_blankhereap pin this episode james dives into the first half of the sixth chapter which goes deeply into freires model for education in fact what we see in this episode makes sense of the ones before it while setting the stage for all the ones that follow paulo freire imarxifiedi education itself that is freire redefined literacy education and even knowledge according to the usual bourgeoisproletarian dichotomy and thus was able to redefine literacy to mean gaining critical consciousness join james to hear about the marxification of education itself bearing in mind yet again that almost all of our kids now go to paulo freires schoolsp hr pemsubscribe to the new discourses podcast on spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssoundcloudcomnewdiscourses target_blanksoundcloudaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsapplecomuspodcastnewdiscoursesid1499880546 target_blankapple podcastsaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsgooglecomfeedahr0cdovl2zlzwrzlnnvdw5ky2xvdwquy29tl3vzzxjzl3nvdw5ky2xvdwq6dxnlcnm6nzgxmte2mzi1l3nvdw5kcy5yc3m target_blankgoogle podcastsaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsopenspotifycomshow0hfzdaxi5l4lnjqstfwgzpsikd5rtswgt1epiuyrixmlgw target_blankspotifyaspanspan spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blankstitcheraspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blanka spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomplaylistlistpl2hruftaprxcqcbydcaullid2d9exyny target_blankyoutubeaspanspan or by spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsfeedssoundcloudcomuserssoundcloudusers781116325soundsrss target_blankrssaspanspanemp pemadditional episodes of the new discourses podcast are available spanspana relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomtagndpodcast target_blankhereaspanspanemp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202205paulofreiresmarxificationofeducationpaulo freires marxification of educationa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomnew discoursesap

h4spanthe new discourses podcast james lindsay episode 75br critical education theory series 11spanh4 pthis episode new discourses podcast continues second long miniseries exploring paulo freires landmark 1985 booka relnoopener hrefhttpsamznto3ij4zot datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsamznto3ij4zotampsourcegmailampust1652199875037000ampusgaovvaw0prg4x2llexftgdzfqd1vh target_blankithe politics education culture power liberationia embedded broadera relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomtagcriticaleducationtheory datasaferedirecturlhttpswwwgooglecomurlqhttpsnewdiscoursescomtagcriticaleducationtheoryampsourcegmailampust1652199875037000ampusgaovvaw2lt5idcafiictxl2mupesk target_blankcritical education theory seriesa previous james lindsay presented ideas fifth chapter seeds socialemotional learning sel laid freire describes education social work closely related previous parts thisseries covering earlier chaptersof book found relnofollow noopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202204paulofreirespoliticsofeducation target_blankherea relnofollow noopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202204paulofreireeducatingtoproclaimtheworld target_blankherea relnofollow noopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202204socialworkeducation target_blankhereap pin episode james dives half sixth chapter goes deeply freires model education fact episode makes sense ones setting stage ones follow paulo freireimarxifiedieducation freire redefined literacy education knowledge according usual bourgeoisproletarian dichotomy able redefine literacy mean gaining critical consciousness join james hear marxification education bearing mind kids paulo freires schoolsp hr pemsubscribe new discourses podcast spanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpssoundcloudcomnewdiscourses target_blanksoundcloudaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsapplecomuspodcastnewdiscoursesid1499880546 target_blankapple podcastsaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpspodcastsgooglecomfeedahr0cdovl2zlzwrzlnnvdw5ky2xvdwquy29tl3vzzxjzl3nvdw5ky2xvdwq6dxnlcnm6nzgxmte2mzi1l3nvdw5kcy5yc3m target_blankgoogle podcastsaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsopenspotifycomshow0hfzdaxi5l4lnjqstfwgzpsikd5rtswgt1epiuyrixmlgw target_blankspotifyaspanspanspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blankstitcheraspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwstitchercompodcastnewdiscourses target_blankaspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpswwwyoutubecomplaylistlistpl2hruftaprxcqcbydcaullid2d9exyny target_blankyoutubeaspanspan byspanspana relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsfeedssoundcloudcomuserssoundcloudusers781116325soundsrss target_blankrssaspanspanemp pemadditional episodes new discourses podcast available spanspana relnoopener hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomtagndpodcast target_blankhereaspanspanemp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescom202205paulofreiresmarxificationofeducationpaulo freires marxification educationa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpsnewdiscoursescomnew discoursesap

627ae80c20089fe4b60a9191

The Pathology of the Rich – Chris Hedges on RAI (1/2)

a relnofollow hrefhttpstheanalysisnewsthepathologyoftherichchrishedgesonrai12 titlethe pathology of the rich chris hedges on rai 12img sizesmaxwidth 1024px 100vw 1024px srchttpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt11024x682jpg width1024 alt srcsethttpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt11024x682jpg 1024w httpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt1300x200jpg 300w httpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt1768x512jpg 768w httpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt1600x400jpg 600w httpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt1jpg 1280w classwebfeedsfeaturedvisual wppostimage height682apon rai with paul jay chris hedges discusses the psychology of the superrich their sense of entitlement the dehumanization of workers and mistaken belief that their wealth will insulate them from the coming storms this episode was published on december 5 2013 the pathology of the rich chris hedges on rai 12 chris hedges answers viewers questions rai 77 as a socialistp pa relnofollow hrefhttpstheanalysisnewsthepathologyoftherichchrishedgesonrai12sourceap

relnofollow hrefhttpstheanalysisnewsthepathologyoftherichchrishedgesonrai12 titlethe pathology rich chris hedges rai 12img sizesmaxwidth 1024px 100vw 1024px srchttpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt11024x682jpg width1024 alt srcsethttpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt11024x682jpg 1024w httpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt1300x200jpg 300w httpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt1768x512jpg 768w httpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt1600x400jpg 600w httpstheanalysisnewswpcontentuploads202205chrishedgespt1jpg 1280w classwebfeedsfeaturedvisual wppostimage height682apon rai paul jay chris hedges discusses psychology superrich sense entitlement dehumanization workers mistaken belief wealth insulate coming storms episode published december 5 2013 pathology rich chris hedges rai 12 chris hedges answers viewers questions rai 77 socialistp pa relnofollow hrefhttpstheanalysisnewsthepathologyoftherichchrishedgesonrai12sourceap

627ae83220089fe4b60a9195

Dictatorships and Double Standards Redux

img altdictatorships and double standards redux srchttpswwwamericanpurposecomcontentimages202205slide13jpegpfour decades after the publication of jeane kirkpatricks famous essay emdictatorships and double standardsem everything old is new again only the particulars of americas predicament are different today we face russias hot war on natos doorstep and a longterm struggle with a china that is both totalitarian and woven into the fabric of the global economy much like in the past the united states and its allies need to do a better job in broadening coalitions against our two main adversariesppkirkpatrick wrote at the time about the need for a morally and strategically acceptable and politically realistic program for dealing with nondemocratic governments what might this look like in todays world where the faultlines are sharpening between the democratic and authoritarian worldsppkirkpatricks essay took a shot at the periods naive attempts to democratize autocracies that were friendly to the united states such efforts ended up making way as in iran and nicaragua for much worse forms of totalitarianism and authoritarianism that aligned with the soviet union instead of americaall while dictators emunfriendlyem to the united states were left alone or appeased the relevant distinction she observed was between authoritarian regimes that were open to us suasion and that could democratize one day and the totalitarian communist states incapable of domestic change and in lockstep with moscowppin our efforts today to build wide coalitions to push back against chinese and russian influence we have to relearn how to make similar distinctionsthough perhaps along slightly different linesppof course many of the traditional autocracies of kirkpatricks time have since been swept away by the third wave of democracy while that is on balance good news such democracies can also be fragile flawed and sometimes move in an authoritarian directionas turkey or hungary have done it would be splendid news if we could prevent such democratic declines a world populated by consolidated liberal democracies would be far more amenable to us interests in this vein if executed well the biden administrations new european democratic resilience initiative for example might make a meaningful difference in keeping other allies from following hungarys exampleppyet much like in kirkpatricks time architects of contemporary american foreign policy have little idea of how to go about encouraging the liberalization of an autocracy take poland and hungary both under populist rightwing governments for years the two countries were treated by the popular media and western policymakers as manifestations of essentially the same problemand in many ways they were after all the leader of polands law and justice party famously promised in 2012 to build a budapest in warsawppwhile both countries have dedemocratized albeit to a very different extent the deepseated differences between the two are far more important than the similarities regardless of who is in power in warsaw poland is bound to be a thoroughly reliable ally of the united states arguably more reliable than many of its traditional west european partners conversely there are historic factors that account for hungary serving as russia and chinas fifth column in europeppnot only have americans and europeans long failed to make that and similar distinctions they a hrefhttpswwwthebulwarkcompublicdiplomacyandtheriskofovermoralizinghave also conflateda issues that are critical to our interestshungarys participation in chinas belt and road initiative or polands attacks on usowned media outletswith a broader agenda of promoting liberal social and cultural values fueling a predictable antiwestern backlash in central europe together such policies harken back to kirkpatricks warning against hurried efforts to force complex and unfamiliar political practices on societies lacking the requisite political cultureppperhaps the least auspicious parallel between the present and kirkpatricks time is the extent to which countries around the worldwhether democracies or notare seeking to stay out of the current conflicts between the west and china or russia that indonesia for example appears extremely reluctant to disinvite russia from the upcoming g20 summit in november is a testament to the limits of americas ability to shape the foreign policy of countries of the global south in ways that are conducive to its interestsphrpto take another example there is no denying that turkey has been helpful in boosting ukraines defenses yet a hrefhttpsnationalinterestorgfeaturewestshouldne28099tdenybigpictureturkeye28099serdogan194971apart from its problematic regional rolea the government in ankara was itself until recently a keen buyer of russian weapons systems likewise saudi arabia is a repellent oppressive theocracy but it is also a bulwark against an equally theocratic and revanchist and aggressive iran while we may want to wish plague on both houses that does little to keep the region and its oil supply safe critically to the current war in ukraine an increased saudi oil output could play a very helpful role in bringing down the russian foreign exchange revenue funding russias genocidal war in ukraineppyet the biden administrations record in building incentives for countries such as turkey or saudi arabia to act as constructive players is decidedly mixed turkey like other nominally prowestern countries of the middle east is steering away from western sanctions against the kremlin riyad seems unwilling to dramatically boost oil production it now accepts renminbi for its oil sales to china who do these gulf monarchs consider their true ally josh rogin asks in a recent article on saudi arabia and the united arab emirates the united states or russiapdiv span datapullquoteappeals to democratic values are no substitute for a clear understanding of americas firstorder goalsspan divpwhile rogin makes a compelling case for playing hardball with the gulf autocrats he does not address questions of why such regimes seem to have peeled off from western alliances and what combination of sticks and carrots if any could have been deployed to prevent that here is one tentative answer appeals to democratic values are no substitute for a clear understanding of americas firstorder goalscontaining and weakening china and russiaaccompanied by a strategy built ruthlessly around those priorities as long as washington itself is unsteady and erratic in the pursuit of those aims it is hard to expect others to follow itppthe administration should be commended whenever it a hrefhttpswwwcnncom20220425politicsblinkenaustinkyivukrainezelenskymeetingindexhtmldecidesa to do the unambiguously right thingas in ukraine where after weeks of selfdeterrence a more muscular approach appears to be emerging yet much of the administrations efforts are marked by lethargy and a lack of forwardlooking strategic aims in the abstract a summit for democracy was an appealing idea but can anyone remember what goals it was meant to achieve geopolitically in what countries and with what us resourcesppto deal with the current geopolitical landscape what is needed today is not an abstract commitment to values of democracy rule of law and human rights us foreign policy must have a clear realitybased view about what success looks like in different parts of the world thus while we may have disagreements with poland warsaw is a qualitatively different partner than budapest we might recoil at mohammed bin salman but there are solid reasons to stand with saudi arabia against iranian proxies in the indopacific we have no choice but to engage constructively with the likes of singapore malaysia or the philippines in containing chinas influencehowever much those countries fall short of democratic standardsppto build broadbased alliances against chinese and russian influence around the world the united states needs to roll out more effective sticks and carrots across different areas of policyfrom defense through diplomacy to trade and regulation that is precisely where the lethargy and the inward focus of the biden administration epitomized by the slogan of a foreign policy for the middle class become major problemsppbidens trade policy to cite just one example is simply a continuation of the boneheaded protectionism of the trump yearskeeping the world trade organization paralyzed shying away from trade deals with our closest allies and even continuing with some of the counterproductive tariff measures without aggressive liberalization efforts that could offer real market access and new opportunities to emerging economies there is very little in the administrations toolkit that could generate goodwill among the vast majority of countries around the world that are currently carefully sitting on the fence and watching the west confront its two major autocratic adversariesppthe administrations gradual stepping up in ukraine notwithstanding joe biden risks falling just like jimmy carter into the trap of empty moralizing accompanied by haphazard action not matched by adequate resources usually governments behave hypocritically when their principles conflict with the national interest kirkpatrick writespblockquotewhat makes the inconsistencies of the carter administration noteworthy are first the administrations moralism which renders it especially vulnerable to charges of hypocrisy and second the administrations predilection for policies that violate the strategic and economic interests of the united statesblockquotepit would be good if the same did not ring true of our present momentppa hrefhttpswwwamericanpurposecomauthorsdaliborrohacstrongemdalibor rohemstrongaem is a senior fellow at the american enterprise institute and a contributing editor of emamerican purposeem twitter daliborrohacemp

img altdictatorships double standards redux srchttpswwwamericanpurposecomcontentimages202205slide13jpegpfour decades publication jeane kirkpatricks famous essay emdictatorships double standardsem old new particulars americas predicament different today face russias hot war natos doorstep longterm struggle china totalitarian woven fabric global economy like past united states allies need better job broadening coalitions main adversariesppkirkpatrick wrote time need morally strategically acceptable politically realistic program dealing nondemocratic governments look like todays world faultlines sharpening democratic authoritarian worldsppkirkpatricks essay took shot periods naive attempts democratize autocracies friendly united states efforts ended making way iran nicaragua worse forms totalitarianism authoritarianism aligned soviet union instead americaall dictators emunfriendlyem united states left appeased relevant distinction observed authoritarian regimes open suasion democratize day totalitarian communist states incapable domestic change lockstep moscowppin efforts today build wide coalitions push chinese russian influence relearn similar distinctionsthough slightly different linesppof course traditional autocracies kirkpatricks time swept away wave democracy balance good news democracies fragile flawed authoritarian directionas turkey hungary splendid news prevent democratic declines world populated consolidated liberal democracies far amenable interests vein executed biden administrations new european democratic resilience initiative example meaningful difference keeping allies following hungarys exampleppyet like kirkpatricks time architects contemporary american foreign policy little idea encouraging liberalization autocracy poland hungary populist rightwing governments years countries treated popular media western policymakers manifestations essentially problemand ways leader polands law justice party famously promised 2012 build budapest warsawppwhile countries dedemocratized albeit different extent deepseated differences far important similarities regardless power warsaw poland bound thoroughly reliable ally united states arguably reliable traditional west european partners conversely historic factors account hungary serving russia chinas fifth column europeppnot americans europeans long failed similar distinctions hrefhttpswwwthebulwarkcompublicdiplomacyandtheriskofovermoralizinghave conflateda issues critical interestshungarys participation chinas belt road initiative polands attacks usowned media outletswith broader agenda promoting liberal social cultural values fueling predictable antiwestern backlash central europe policies harken kirkpatricks warning hurried efforts force complex unfamiliar political practices societies lacking requisite political cultureppperhaps auspicious parallel present kirkpatricks time extent countries worldwhether democracies notare seeking stay current conflicts west china russia indonesia example appears extremely reluctant disinvite russia upcoming g20 summit november testament limits americas ability shape foreign policy countries global south ways conducive interestsphrpto example denying turkey helpful boosting ukraines defenses hrefhttpsnationalinterestorgfeaturewestshouldne28099tdenybigpictureturkeye28099serdogan194971apart problematic regional rolea government ankara recently keen buyer russian weapons systems likewise saudi arabia repellent oppressive theocracy bulwark equally theocratic revanchist aggressive iran want wish plague houses little region oil supply safe critically current war ukraine increased saudi oil output play helpful role bringing russian foreign exchange revenue funding russias genocidal war ukraineppyet biden administrations record building incentives countries turkey saudi arabia act constructive players decidedly mixed turkey like nominally prowestern countries middle east steering away western sanctions kremlin riyad unwilling dramatically boost oil production accepts renminbi oil sales china gulf monarchs consider true ally josh rogin asks recent article saudi arabia united arab emirates united states russiapdiv span datapullquoteappeals democratic values substitute clear understanding americas firstorder goalsspan divpwhile rogin makes compelling case playing hardball gulf autocrats address questions regimes peeled western alliances combination sticks carrots deployed prevent tentative answer appeals democratic values substitute clear understanding americas firstorder goalscontaining weakening china russiaaccompanied strategy built ruthlessly priorities long washington unsteady erratic pursuit aims hard expect follow itppthe administration commended hrefhttpswwwcnncom20220425politicsblinkenaustinkyivukrainezelenskymeetingindexhtmldecidesa unambiguously right thingas ukraine weeks selfdeterrence muscular approach appears emerging administrations efforts marked lethargy lack forwardlooking strategic aims abstract summit democracy appealing idea remember goals meant achieve geopolitically countries resourcesppto deal current geopolitical landscape needed today abstract commitment values democracy rule law human rights foreign policy clear realitybased view success looks like different parts world disagreements poland warsaw qualitatively different partner budapest recoil mohammed bin salman solid reasons stand saudi arabia iranian proxies indopacific choice engage constructively likes singapore malaysia philippines containing chinas influencehowever countries fall short democratic standardsppto build broadbased alliances chinese russian influence world united states needs roll effective sticks carrots different areas policyfrom defense diplomacy trade regulation precisely lethargy inward focus biden administration epitomized slogan foreign policy middle class major problemsppbidens trade policy cite example simply continuation boneheaded protectionism trump yearskeeping world trade organization paralyzed shying away trade deals closest allies continuing counterproductive tariff measures aggressive liberalization efforts offer real market access new opportunities emerging economies little administrations toolkit generate goodwill vast majority countries world currently carefully sitting fence watching west confront major autocratic adversariesppthe administrations gradual stepping ukraine notwithstanding joe biden risks falling like jimmy carter trap moralizing accompanied haphazard action matched adequate resources usually governments behave hypocritically principles conflict national interest kirkpatrick writespblockquotewhat makes inconsistencies carter administration noteworthy administrations moralism renders especially vulnerable charges hypocrisy second administrations predilection policies violate strategic economic interests united statesblockquotepit good ring true present momentppa hrefhttpswwwamericanpurposecomauthorsdaliborrohacstrongemdalibor rohemstrongaem senior fellow american enterprise institute contributing editor emamerican purposeem twitter daliborrohacemp

627aea3020089fe4b60a91d0

The desperation of Biden’s Disinformation Board

pin 1918 woodrow wilsons democratic administration passed a piece of legislation it hoped would accelerate the end of the first world war the new law didnt directly concern the military nor was it a revolutionary act of foreign policy rather its target was ordinary american citizensp ppassed shortly after the espionage act the sedition act made it a crime to wilfully utter print write or publish any disloyal profane scurrilous or abusive language about the form of the government of the united states in other words it was intended to stifle dissent and by all accounts it was immensely effective it was used to convict 877 people between 1919 and 1920p pin the century since it was passed and swiftly revoked the sedition act has largely been viewed as a legislative artefact an embarrassing quirk thats best forgotten in recent weeks however its spirit appears to have been rekindled by another democrat president one who may not be at war but nonetheless finds himself under siege late last month the department of homeland security dhs announced the creation of a sinistersounding new unit called the disinformation governance board when asked to justify its formation white house press secretary a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20220428pressbriefingbypresssecretaryjenpsakiapril282022 target_blankjen psaki explaineda it sounds like the objective of the board is to prevent disinformation and misinformation from traveling around the country in a range of communities and i am not sure who opposes that effortp divdiv pand so the mask slips as became clear in the following days the board has been established to legislate fake news and mistruths out of existence as if they were draughts of toxic air wafting out of laptops and cell phones into the eyes and ears of unsuspecting citizens its hardly surprising that the board was swiftly condemned as the illdisguised attempt at state censorship it isp pthe main clue to its true mission was the person chosen to lead the unit nina jankowicz a government specialist in disinformation who has an unhealthy record of disseminating disinformation for the left and then a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwfoxnewscompoliticswhitehousedisinformationninajankowicztiktok target_blanksinging about it mary poppinsstyle on tiktoka in 2020 for instance she dismissed the emnew york postems story about hunter bidens laptop as russian disinformation and a trump campaign product in october last year she a relnoopener hrefhttpsnypostcom20220505disinformationczarninajankowiczcrtangerbeingweaponized target_blankclaimeda that parental concerns about the teaching of critical race theory in schools were merely one of those hotbutton issues that the republicans and other disinformers who are engaged in disinformation for profit have seized onp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022032gettyimages1370803167scaled1300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarh5do we need a trans olympicsh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarspanbyspan ayaan hirsi aliapdivadiv pgiven her past comments its hard not to view her appointment by joe biden indeed the creation of the board itself as anything other than a cry of desperation the midterm elections when congressional seats are contested are fastapproaching for weeks now most a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticleskarlrovehowbadlywillthedemocratsloseapprovalratingbidensenatehouseracesmidterm2022electioninflationbuildbackbetterstudentdebt11651091790 target_blankcommentatorsa have been a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancomcommentisfree2022may06unlessdemocratsstartfightingliketheymeanittheyregoingtolosecongress target_blankpredictinga calamity for the democrats and its not hard to see why americas postpandemic economic recovery has stalled gas prices have soared inflation is above 8 violent crime especially homicide remains at a disturbingly elevated level and americas southern border is seeing record illegal crossingsp pfaced with such a crisis the rational thing for democrat leaders to do would be to review their policies on these kitchentable issues and change course they could for instance invite their former treasury secretary larry summers back to advise the president on the economy they could reassess illconsidered climate policies such as the closure of the keystone pipeline and the regulatory war on fracking they could even reexamine their naive programmes on crime and punishment from defunding the police to a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwashingtonexaminercomnewscaliforniarelease63000prisonerscreatesaferprisons target_blankputting felons back onto the streetsa as for who could lead this coursecorrecting effort there are readymade centrist democrats such as senators joe manchin and kyrsten sinema waiting in the wingsp pbut this is not where the party is today the most influential voices are still on the farleft in the bernie sanders and alexandria ocasiocortez corner of the tent and the democratic socialists want to double down on their madcap agenda party and voters alike be damned how they achieve this is where jankowicz comes in the democrats progressive wing knows it will never win over the american public by relying on the mundane methods of political campaigning its only hope is to frighten censor and indoctrinate voters into accepting their agendap pthis explains the illjudged idea of a disinformation governance board it also explains the hysterical leftwing response to elon musks bid to take over twitter having established such a stranglehold on social media in recent years to the point that the last republican president was effectively cancelled from the internet while still in office the democrats are appalled by the thought that free speech might be restored to one of the major platformsp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204thisisntawarbetweengoodandevilrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202204thisisntawarbetweengoodandevilrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022042gettyimages1239648700scaled1300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204thisisntawarbetweengoodandevilrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204thisisntawarbetweengoodandevilrefinnarh5this isnt a war between good and evilh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204thisisntawarbetweengoodandevilrefinnarspanbyspan ayaan hirsi aliapdivadiv pyet the creation of the disinformation governance board marks a clear turning point signalling the consolidation of emstatesanctionedem censorship once disinformation has been identified we are told a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwdhsgovnews20220502factsheetdhsinternalworkinggroupprotectsfreespeechotherfundamentalrights target_blankdhs then shares factual informationa related to its mission to potentially impacted people and organisations dhs has insisted that the board does not have any operational authority or capability while psaki stated that the mandate is not to adjudicate what is true or false online or otherwise but how else is it to identify disinformation and combat it with factual informationp pthis is of course a facsimile of the playbook adopted by media companies during the course of the covid19 pandemic remember when twitter started warning us not to pay attention to such disinformation as the hypothesis that the covid coronavirus was a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomlifestylemediathemediacalledthelableakstoryaconspiracytheorynowitspromptedcorrectionsandseriousnewreporting20210610c93972e6c7b211eba11b6c6191ccd599_storyhtml target_blankleakeda from a laboratory in wuhan or when highly qualified medical scientists were threatened with cancellation for arguing that lockdowns were doing more harm than good with every passing day these arguments look more convincing yet for more than a year they were regularly denounced as disinformation and for more than a year they were effectively silenced given the option of deploying such an effective political weapon is it any wonder that the democrats are now drawn to its usep pof course not everyone in the democratic party supports what is being attempted here as jim himes the democratic congressman for connecticuts 4th district has observed the government has no business saying that this is disinformation and this is information even president wilson himself quickly recognised that for all its practical shortterm benefits the sedition act was having a poisonous impact on american democracy it was swiftly repealed in 1920 a year later wilson offered clemency to the vast majority of those convicted under the actp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howobamabecamethenetflixpresidentrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howobamabecamethenetflixpresidentrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202204gettyimages598594618scalede1649875194272300x209jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howobamabecamethenetflixpresidentrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howobamabecamethenetflixpresidentrefinnarh5is obama sabotaging bidenh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howobamabecamethenetflixpresidentrefinnarspanbyspan kat rosenfieldapdivadiv pof those who were prosecuted under the sedition act most belonged to the pacifist left yet the democrat advocates of the disinformation governance board appear to have forgotten this along with the ageold problem of censorships use as a political tool its incredibly helpful at crushing dissent until you find yourself on the receiving endp pcould the democrats be about to learn this the hard way its looking increasingly likely that come 2024 a republican will be returned to the white house with that republican a relnoopener hrefhttpsprojectsfivethirtyeightcompollspresidentgeneralnational target_blanklikely to be donald trumpa forget angry parents tweeting about critical race theory if trump wins a second term and takes control of the disinformation government board then the democrats really will have something to worry about and if that does happen they will only have themselves to blamep a hrefhttpsunherdcom202205thedesperationofbidensdisinformationboardappcommentsview 13 commentsa

pin 1918 woodrow wilsons democratic administration passed piece legislation hoped accelerate end world war new law didnt directly concern military revolutionary act foreign policy target ordinary american citizensp ppassed shortly espionage act sedition act crime wilfully utter print write publish disloyal profane scurrilous abusive language form government united states words intended stifle dissent accounts immensely effective convict 877 people 1919 1920p pin century passed swiftly revoked sedition act largely viewed legislative artefact embarrassing quirk thats best forgotten recent weeks spirit appears rekindled democrat president war nonetheless finds siege late month department homeland security dhs announced creation sinistersounding new unit called disinformation governance board asked justify formation white house press secretary relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwhitehousegovbriefingroompressbriefings20220428pressbriefingbypresssecretaryjenpsakiapril282022 target_blankjen psaki explaineda sounds like objective board prevent disinformation misinformation traveling country range communities sure opposes effortp divdiv pand mask slips clear following days board established legislate fake news mistruths existence draughts toxic air wafting laptops cell phones eyes ears unsuspecting citizens hardly surprising board swiftly condemned illdisguised attempt state censorship isp pthe main clue true mission person chosen lead unit nina jankowicz government specialist disinformation unhealthy record disseminating disinformation left relnoopener hrefhttpswwwfoxnewscompoliticswhitehousedisinformationninajankowicztiktok target_blanksinging mary poppinsstyle tiktoka 2020 instance dismissed emnew york postems story hunter bidens laptop russian disinformation trump campaign product october year relnoopener hrefhttpsnypostcom20220505disinformationczarninajankowiczcrtangerbeingweaponized target_blankclaimeda parental concerns teaching critical race theory schools merely hotbutton issues republicans disinformers engaged disinformation profit seized onp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022032gettyimages1370803167scaled1300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarh5do need trans olympicsh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202203doweneedatransolympicsrefinnarspanbyspan ayaan hirsi aliapdivadiv pgiven past comments hard view appointment joe biden creation board cry desperation midterm elections congressional seats contested fastapproaching weeks relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwsjcomarticleskarlrovehowbadlywillthedemocratsloseapprovalratingbidensenatehouseracesmidterm2022electioninflationbuildbackbetterstudentdebt11651091790 target_blankcommentatorsa relnoopener hrefhttpswwwtheguardiancomcommentisfree2022may06unlessdemocratsstartfightingliketheymeanittheyregoingtolosecongress target_blankpredictinga calamity democrats hard americas postpandemic economic recovery stalled gas prices soared inflation 8 violent crime especially homicide remains disturbingly elevated level americas southern border seeing record illegal crossingsp pfaced crisis rational thing democrat leaders review policies kitchentable issues change course instance invite treasury secretary larry summers advise president economy reassess illconsidered climate policies closure keystone pipeline regulatory war fracking reexamine naive programmes crime punishment defunding police relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwashingtonexaminercomnewscaliforniarelease63000prisonerscreatesaferprisons target_blankputting felons streetsa lead coursecorrecting effort readymade centrist democrats senators joe manchin kyrsten sinema waiting wingsp pbut party today influential voices farleft bernie sanders alexandria ocasiocortez corner tent democratic socialists want double madcap agenda party voters alike damned achieve jankowicz comes democrats progressive wing knows win american public relying mundane methods political campaigning hope frighten censor indoctrinate voters accepting agendap pthis explains illjudged idea disinformation governance board explains hysterical leftwing response elon musks bid twitter having established stranglehold social media recent years point republican president effectively cancelled internet office democrats appalled thought free speech restored major platformsp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204thisisntawarbetweengoodandevilrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202204thisisntawarbetweengoodandevilrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads2022042gettyimages1239648700scaled1300x200jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204thisisntawarbetweengoodandevilrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204thisisntawarbetweengoodandevilrefinnarh5this isnt war good evilh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204thisisntawarbetweengoodandevilrefinnarspanbyspan ayaan hirsi aliapdivadiv pyet creation disinformation governance board marks clear turning point signalling consolidation emstatesanctionedem censorship disinformation identified told relnoopener hrefhttpswwwdhsgovnews20220502factsheetdhsinternalworkinggroupprotectsfreespeechotherfundamentalrights target_blankdhs shares factual informationa related mission potentially impacted people organisations dhs insisted board operational authority capability psaki stated mandate adjudicate true false online identify disinformation combat factual informationp pthis course facsimile playbook adopted media companies course covid19 pandemic remember twitter started warning pay attention disinformation hypothesis covid coronavirus relnoopener hrefhttpswwwwashingtonpostcomlifestylemediathemediacalledthelableakstoryaconspiracytheorynowitspromptedcorrectionsandseriousnewreporting20210610c93972e6c7b211eba11b6c6191ccd599_storyhtml target_blankleakeda laboratory wuhan highly qualified medical scientists threatened cancellation arguing lockdowns harm good passing day arguments look convincing year regularly denounced disinformation year effectively silenced given option deploying effective political weapon wonder democrats drawn usep pof course democratic party supports attempted jim himes democratic congressman connecticuts 4th district observed government business saying disinformation information president wilson quickly recognised practical shortterm benefits sedition act having poisonous impact american democracy swiftly repealed 1920 year later wilson offered clemency vast majority convicted actp diva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howobamabecamethenetflixpresidentrefinnara hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howobamabecamethenetflixpresidentrefinnarimg srchttpsunherdcomwpcontentuploads202204gettyimages598594618scalede1649875194272300x209jpgadiva hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howobamabecamethenetflixpresidentrefinnarspansuggested readingspanaa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howobamabecamethenetflixpresidentrefinnarh5is obama sabotaging bidenh5apa hrefhttpsunherdcom202204howobamabecamethenetflixpresidentrefinnarspanbyspan kat rosenfieldapdivadiv pof prosecuted sedition act belonged pacifist left democrat advocates disinformation governance board appear forgotten ageold problem censorships use political tool incredibly helpful crushing dissent find receiving endp pcould democrats learn hard way looking increasingly likely come 2024 republican returned white house republican relnoopener hrefhttpsprojectsfivethirtyeightcompollspresidentgeneralnational target_blanklikely donald trumpa forget angry parents tweeting critical race theory trump wins second term takes control disinformation government board democrats worry happen blamep hrefhttpsunherdcom202205thedesperationofbidensdisinformationboardappcommentsview 13 commentsa

627edcb0ba941ac50ca6da8a

When will Vladimir Putin realise it is time to cut his losses in Ukraine?

pamong the kremlins many regrets about the conduct of its war in ukraine one might be that expectations were allowed to build up around a hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202205vladimirputinhaslittletocelebrateatrussiasannualvictorydayparadethe annual paradea to mark the end of the great patriotic war on 9 may the link first emerged in march when there were reports that this had been set as a deadline for victory or at least some notable military achievements that could be celebrated by vladimir putin but in the absence of any significant achievements the date began instead to be approached with a different sense of foreboding as a moment when putin would be obliged to escalate this might involve turning the special military operation into a fullscale war with the accompanying mobilisation of reservists and conscripts or announcing an intent to annex donetsk luhansk and kherson or especially alarming a hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202205astrategicnuclearexchangewouldofferputinzeromilitarygainsraising again the prospect of nuclear warap pwhen 9 may came russian forces still had little to show for all their exertions not even the complete capture of mariupol nor however were there obvious forms of escalation available that would actually improve russias strategic position the territory that might be annexed was not yet securely in russian hands and there was not a lot that putin could do in the shortterm to resolve the deep predicament he facedp phis speech and the accompanying parade were lacklustre affairs nuclear missiles made their customary appearance but there were fewer troops marching than usual with most of the army currently engaged elsewhere instead of an exhibition of strength it was confirmation of russias lack of spare capacity instead of presenting an army on the verge of a military triumph this one appeared depleted there was not even a flypast excused on the grounds of the weather although the skies were clear above moscow aircraft had been practicing in a z formation picking up what has become moscows favoured symbol of this war the z was taken from the markings on russian vehicles assigned to duties in ukraine it is now mostly seen on burned out wrecks or abandoned vehicles so perhaps it has lost some of its shine it was generally far less in evidence than expected perhaps the lack of victories under the banner of z has turned the symbol into something of an embarrassmentp pputins speech acknowledged casualties and praised those caring for the wounded he did not explain his war aims the war was presented in defensive terms this was his account of its originsp panother punitive operation in donbas an invasion of our historic lands including crimea was openly in the making kiev declared that it could attain nuclear weapons the nato bloc launched an active military buildup on the territories adjacent to us thus an absolutely unacceptable threat to us was steadily being created right on our borders there was every indication that a clash with neonazis and banderites backed by the us and their minions was unavoidable let me repeat we saw the military infrastructure being built up hundreds of foreign advisers starting work and regular supplies of cuttingedge weaponry being delivered from nato countries the threat grew every day russia launched a preemptive strike at the aggression it was a forced timely and the only correct decision a decision by a sovereign strong and independent countryp pit is not hard to take this apart not least because it fails to mention the impact of the buildup of some 190000 troops in the months leading up to the war which would have made it an odd time for ukraine to embark on a military adventure of its own there is no evidence of this imminent threat that required urgent preemptive actionp pit does however provide a definition of victory that might be in reach so long as the donbas is spared punitive action crimea is defended and ukraine abandons thoughts of nuclear weapons then russia will have succeeded putin described an imaginary threat for which he therefore might accept an imaginary solution as it happens these are all matters that a hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202202theexemplaryresilienceofvolodymyrzelenskyvolodymyr zelenskya would be prepared to discuss with putin although it would be difficult for the russian president to meet as an equal a man he has dismissed and derided as a nazi presiding over an artificial statep pp panother reason why the kremlin might regret the focus on 9 may was the effect of contrasting the heroic performance of 194145 with the rather the dismal performance of 2022 putin has deliberately created a cult around the great patriotic war and has used the annual parade in the past to show off his military power and to forge a sense of common pride and purpose it is also a reminder of a time when ukraine belarus and russia were not separate states but together members of the soviet union the hammer and sickle of the soviet flag has become almost as prominent as z in the symbolism of this warp pby appropriating the history for his own political purposes claiming that the war against ukraine is somehow an extension of the one that ended 77 years ago putin has subverted and demeaned the memory this is especially the case when attacks on infrastructure and residential buildings tolerance of war crimes along with the original crime of aggression are justified as if true nazis are being fought and punished as zelensky recalled in his own message ukraine lost eight million people to the nazis and has as much right to the memory of this war as does russia by using the term nazi as a generalised category for all people who the kremlin doesnt like the term loses its specific meaning when the hapless russian foreign minister sergei lavrov tried to explain how the jewish zelensky could be a nazi he got himself mired in antisemitic tropes about the holocaustp pthe desperation to sustain the connection between the two wars reflects the singular character of the victory of 1945 not only because of the resilience and intense sacrifice that lay behind it but because russias history offers few comparable military achievements russia does not commemorate 11 november as the end of the first world war as we do for our annual service of remembrance because by the time of the armistice in 1918 popular discontent with the losses and economic pain had led to the 1917 revolution and the bolsheviks seizing power the new soviet union signed its own separate peace treaty with germany at brestlitovsk the previous march which if it had not been opportunistically annulled at the time of the later german surrender would have meant that nearly all of ukraine would have become part of germanyp pthe 20th century had begun with a humiliating defeat at the hands of japan in 193940 as germany helped by its pact with moscow occupied european countries the soviet union struggled to defeat finland taking heavy losses for little gain it did not lose the cold war through battle although the inability of soviet forces to cope with the insurgency in afghanistan did not help after the breakup of the soviet union russia was humiliated by the secessionist chechnya in one war and then only won the second by adopting brutal tactics they made heavy weather of a limited war with georgia in 2008 more recently they had success against ukraine in crimea and the donbas in 20145 and then in syria but these were on a modest scale russian military history is therefore at best patchy the war of 194145 stands out because it was huge in all its dimensions from forces committed to casualties and the extent of both the initial setbacks and the eventual victoryp pstrongem[see also a hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202205onvictorydayputinandzelenskypresentedtwoverydifferentvisionsofthefutureputin and zelensky offer contrasting visions of the futurea]emstrongp pthe victory left an abiding image of a military steamroller a mass army crushing all before it through its sheer weight this image shaped the early strategies of the cold war for germans who had been pushed back to berlin inexorably by this steamroller it was impossible to imagine being able to fight the soviet military on its own terms for this reason when they joined nato in the mid1950s the west germans stressed the importance of nuclear deterrence a conventional battle on their territory would most likely leave it ruined before it was lost the ability of moscow to overwhelm its opponents was confirmed by the suppression of the hungarian rebellion in 1956 and czechoslovakias prague spring of 1968 even after the cold war the image of the steamroller did not go away when as in chechnya the military performance left something to be desired russian tactics were remorseless flattening enemies when they could not be outfoughtp pthe strength of this image was evident on the first days of this war and it has not quite gone away even though ukraine has not been rolled over its influence on the russian generals helps explain the arrogance behind their initial plans as if ukrainian forces would crumble once confronted with a russian offensive even when on 25 march the russian ministry of defence announced that it was going to abandon the assault on kyiv and other northern cities and focus on the donbas the natural response was to assume that the steamroller would at last be activated the spies of the fsb took the blame for the early failures to catch president zelensky and the poor intelligence on ukraines willingness and ability to fight they were pushed aside to allow the military to take charge with more realistic objectives a more coherent command system and a chance to rectify some of their earlier tactical and logistical errorsp pit is now apparent that there is no steamroller the second phase of the war has been underway for a month now and the russians have made few gains the encircling movement to eliminate the substantial ukrainian force in the donbas has yet to take place the achievements that have been made have been minimal while ukraine is starting to see some successful counteroffensives pushing up from kharkiv and eating away at russian positions in kherson the russian have amassed whatever forces they can muster for this latest push with little left in reserve and it does not appear to be sufficient equipment is still being lost at an alarming rate meanwhile advanced artillery pieces from western countries are being employed by ukraine which is likely to add to the attrition of russian forces it is not surprising that there are reports of russian commanders refusing to put their troops into exposed positionsp pit is possible that this second phase of the war around the donbas will follow the same pattern as the first phase the first step is for it to become apparent that the russians cannot win then the implications of a draw for a negotiated solution are discussed before the position of russian forces becomes unsustainable and they have to withdraw except that this time withdrawal means accepting defeat if that is an intolerable prospect for moscow then the rational next step is not to escalate in some way but to offer a ceasefire as soon as possible with the hope of then securing the minimum defensive objectives or at least causing tension between zelensky and his international supporters if the offer is refusedp pthe current consensus is that this war will go on for some time because ukraine cannot agree to the loss of any territory to russia while putin has invested so much in this war that he cannot back off it is possible that a stalemate will develop in the donbas and the fighting will subside to a lower level that both sides can sustain over time but it is as possible that russian forces will at some point face a calamitous and humiliating defeat it may be that the bombast and confidence is already draining away from the kremlins appreciation of how this war might develop over the coming weeks it can still do immense harm to ukrainian people and property through artillery and missile strikes and it is still mounting a blockade of ukraines black sea ports and cutting off its trade but ukraine has already absorbed immense pain without giving up and may soon have the upper hand in the battle for the donbas warfare can impose its own political logicp pputin was under no obligation to make a major strategic announcement on 9 may the date acquired significance because of the importance of the war against germany in the ideology of putins russia and the need for decisions about what next to do in the war against ukraine but now that the 9 may has passed and with it the burden of living up to the triumphs of 1945 putin might find that instead of contemplating how to make this war a whole lot worse for everyone his time would be more usefully spent working out how to cut his lossesp pemstronga hrefhttpssamfsubstackcompavictoryparadewithoutvictoriesroek8zsrutm_campaignpostutm_mediumemaillawrence freedman is a regular contributor to the new statesman this piece originally appeared on his substack comment is astrongemstrongema hrefhttpssamfsubstackcompavictoryparadewithoutvictoriesroek8zsrutm_campaignpostutm_mediumemailfreedaemstrongp

pamong kremlins regrets conduct war ukraine expectations allowed build hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202205vladimirputinhaslittletocelebrateatrussiasannualvictorydayparadethe annual paradea mark end great patriotic war 9 link emerged march reports set deadline victory notable military achievements celebrated vladimir putin absence significant achievements date began instead approached different sense foreboding moment putin obliged escalate involve turning special military operation fullscale war accompanying mobilisation reservists conscripts announcing intent annex donetsk luhansk kherson especially alarming hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202205astrategicnuclearexchangewouldofferputinzeromilitarygainsraising prospect nuclear warap pwhen 9 came russian forces little exertions complete capture mariupol obvious forms escalation available actually improve russias strategic position territory annexed securely russian hands lot putin shortterm resolve deep predicament facedp phis speech accompanying parade lacklustre affairs nuclear missiles customary appearance fewer troops marching usual army currently engaged instead exhibition strength confirmation russias lack spare capacity instead presenting army verge military triumph appeared depleted flypast excused grounds weather skies clear moscow aircraft practicing z formation picking moscows favoured symbol war z taken markings russian vehicles assigned duties ukraine seen burned wrecks abandoned vehicles lost shine generally far evidence expected lack victories banner z turned symbol embarrassmentp pputins speech acknowledged casualties praised caring wounded explain war aims war presented defensive terms account originsp panother punitive operation donbas invasion historic lands including crimea openly making kiev declared attain nuclear weapons nato bloc launched active military buildup territories adjacent absolutely unacceptable threat steadily created right borders indication clash neonazis banderites backed minions unavoidable let repeat saw military infrastructure built hundreds foreign advisers starting work regular supplies cuttingedge weaponry delivered nato countries threat grew day russia launched preemptive strike aggression forced timely correct decision decision sovereign strong independent countryp pit hard apart fails mention impact buildup 190000 troops months leading war odd time ukraine embark military adventure evidence imminent threat required urgent preemptive actionp pit provide definition victory reach long donbas spared punitive action crimea defended ukraine abandons thoughts nuclear weapons russia succeeded putin described imaginary threat accept imaginary solution happens matters hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202202theexemplaryresilienceofvolodymyrzelenskyvolodymyr zelenskya prepared discuss putin difficult russian president meet equal man dismissed derided nazi presiding artificial statep pp panother reason kremlin regret focus 9 effect contrasting heroic performance 194145 dismal performance 2022 putin deliberately created cult great patriotic war annual parade past military power forge sense common pride purpose reminder time ukraine belarus russia separate states members soviet union hammer sickle soviet flag prominent z symbolism warp pby appropriating history political purposes claiming war ukraine extension ended 77 years ago putin subverted demeaned memory especially case attacks infrastructure residential buildings tolerance war crimes original crime aggression justified true nazis fought punished zelensky recalled message ukraine lost million people nazis right memory war russia term nazi generalised category people kremlin doesnt like term loses specific meaning hapless russian foreign minister sergei lavrov tried explain jewish zelensky nazi got mired antisemitic tropes holocaustp pthe desperation sustain connection wars reflects singular character victory 1945 resilience intense sacrifice lay russias history offers comparable military achievements russia commemorate 11 november end world war annual service remembrance time armistice 1918 popular discontent losses economic pain led 1917 revolution bolsheviks seizing power new soviet union signed separate peace treaty germany brestlitovsk previous march opportunistically annulled time later german surrender meant nearly ukraine germanyp pthe 20th century begun humiliating defeat hands japan 193940 germany helped pact moscow occupied european countries soviet union struggled defeat finland taking heavy losses little gain lose cold war battle inability soviet forces cope insurgency afghanistan help breakup soviet union russia humiliated secessionist chechnya war won second adopting brutal tactics heavy weather limited war georgia 2008 recently success ukraine crimea donbas 20145 syria modest scale russian military history best patchy war 194145 stands huge dimensions forces committed casualties extent initial setbacks eventual victoryp pstrongem[see hrefhttpswwwnewstatesmancomworldeuropeukraine202205onvictorydayputinandzelenskypresentedtwoverydifferentvisionsofthefutureputin zelensky offer contrasting visions futurea]emstrongp pthe victory left abiding image military steamroller mass army crushing sheer weight image shaped early strategies cold war germans pushed berlin inexorably steamroller impossible imagine able fight soviet military terms reason joined nato mid1950s west germans stressed importance nuclear deterrence conventional battle territory likely leave ruined lost ability moscow overwhelm opponents confirmed suppression hungarian rebellion 1956 czechoslovakias prague spring 1968 cold war image steamroller away chechnya military performance left desired russian tactics remorseless flattening enemies outfoughtp pthe strength image evident days war gone away ukraine rolled influence russian generals helps explain arrogance initial plans ukrainian forces crumble confronted russian offensive 25 march russian ministry defence announced going abandon assault kyiv northern cities focus donbas natural response assume steamroller activated spies fsb took blame early failures catch president zelensky poor intelligence ukraines willingness ability fight pushed aside allow military charge realistic objectives coherent command system chance rectify earlier tactical logistical errorsp pit apparent steamroller second phase war underway month russians gains encircling movement eliminate substantial ukrainian force donbas place achievements minimal ukraine starting successful counteroffensives pushing kharkiv eating away russian positions kherson russian amassed forces muster latest push little left reserve appear sufficient equipment lost alarming rate advanced artillery pieces western countries employed ukraine likely add attrition russian forces surprising reports russian commanders refusing troops exposed positionsp pit possible second phase war donbas follow pattern phase step apparent russians win implications draw negotiated solution discussed position russian forces unsustainable withdraw time withdrawal means accepting defeat intolerable prospect moscow rational step escalate way offer ceasefire soon possible hope securing minimum defensive objectives causing tension zelensky international supporters offer refusedp pthe current consensus war time ukraine agree loss territory russia putin invested war possible stalemate develop donbas fighting subside lower level sides sustain time possible russian forces point face calamitous humiliating defeat bombast confidence draining away kremlins appreciation war develop coming weeks immense harm ukrainian people property artillery missile strikes mounting blockade ukraines black sea ports cutting trade ukraine absorbed immense pain giving soon upper hand battle donbas warfare impose political logicp pputin obligation major strategic announcement 9 date acquired significance importance war germany ideology putins russia need decisions war ukraine 9 passed burden living triumphs 1945 putin find instead contemplating war lot worse time usefully spent working cut lossesp pemstronga hrefhttpssamfsubstackcompavictoryparadewithoutvictoriesroek8zsrutm_campaignpostutm_mediumemaillawrence freedman regular contributor new statesman piece originally appeared substack comment astrongemstrongema hrefhttpssamfsubstackcompavictoryparadewithoutvictoriesroek8zsrutm_campaignpostutm_mediumemailfreedaemstrongp

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The Emperor of All Maladies

div a hrefhttpsamznto36ypraa target_blankemthe emperor of all maladies a biography of canceremabr by siddhartha mukherjee scribner 592 pp 32 divimg altthe emperor of all maladies srchttpswwwamericanpurposecomcontentimages202205slide16jpegpthe world has paid too little attention to cancer over the last two years following the onset of the covid19 pandemic in early 2020 many cancer screening centers closed for a period of months and routine procedures were put off to prioritize covid patients and reduce risk screenings in april 2020 at the center for disease controls national breast and cervical cancer early detection program declined by over 80 percent compared to that same month in previous years in light of the anticipation of another wave of covid cases this coming fall and winter and the realization that the virus has yet to recede in the rearview mirror a look back at siddhartha mukherjees 2011 book on cancerem emis not only worthwhile but timelyppa hrefhttpsamznto36ypraaemthe emperor of all maladiesema an extraordinary book aptly subtitled a biography of cancer is as deep a dive into a family of diseases and the millenniaold effort to understand treat and cure them as we are ever likely to see mukherjee the pulitzer prizewinning author is both a cancer clinician and a scholar of the disease fortunately he is also a gifted storyteller with a poetic eye and ear for metaphor and analogy even so the abundant detail and sheer bulk of his narrative are dauntingppmore than four thousand years ago an egyptian physician named imhotep identified a tumor and around 400 bc hippocrates named the disease noting its resemblance to cancer the astrological crab but other than the roman physician galens mention of some bizarre medicines for black bile mukherjee finds little mention of the malady for almost two millennia until andreas vesalius 16supthsupcentury anatomical drawings since then cancers signature sequenceinvasion of a site repulsion of putative cures metastasis to other siteshas drawn the attention even obsession of generations of investigators from many different fields until very recently they had precious little to show for their effortsppin mukherjees adroit hands this centuriesold story of dogged trialanderror efforts to treat this dimly perceived scourgeinvariably followed by failure spawning newer efforts based on fresh theories of causation and controlis inspiring we glimpse the harsh discipline of science in the stories of these pioneers whose lonely trails almost invariably led to dead endspptreatment efforts intensified in the 1860s with the development of antiseptics and anesthesia which made more complex and radical surgery possible william stewart halsted a leading figure in this advance described a cheap accessible foolproof and easytodose substancecocainethat became the fast food of surgical anesthesia so alluring was it that halsted himself became addicted to it while he expanded its use in attempting ever more radical mastectomies the radical surgery though it lacked proof of effectiveness nevertheless drew the blinds of circular logic around itself for nearly a centuryppsome putative advances like radium turned out to cause cancer not cure it other innovations like the development of chemical dyes enabled better tracking of cancerous cellsppgenuine progress against cancer had to await a serious commitment to largescale scientific research after world war ii mukherjee invoking tocquevilles paean to private civic energy details the crusading organizational efforts of mary lasker and dr sidney farber who together created remarkable momentum for a scientific war against cancerfirst by orchestrating the antileukemia jimmy fund showcased by ted williams and other baseball stars and modeled on the antipolio march of dimes mukherjee shows how they mobilized political entrepreneurship and quasireligious zeal to produce the national institutes of health the national cancer institute nci and in 1971 the national cancer act likened to a moon shot while noting that many scientists opposed the act he inexplicably fails to explain whypppure happenstance also played a key role in the war on cancer as exemplified in the work of min chiu li a fugitive researcher from wartime china fired by nci for using a chemical on a woman whose symptoms then disappeared in other words he effected the first chemotherapeutic cure of cancer in adultsand established a basic principle of oncology cancer must be treated even after every visible sign of it has vanished in the mid1970s dr larry einhorn stunned the cancer world by curing a solid organ tumor with chemotherapyphrpbut these victories despite overhyping were very limited the individual battlefields were small genuine progress would require researchers to appreciate the colossal diversity of what was a shapeshifting disease such a comprehensive view however was impeded by practitioners commitment to radical surgery and their resistance to rigorously designed and controlled trials on appropriately selected groups of patients patients recruitment unfortunately had to come through their doctors who were often precisely those who have the least interest in having a theory rejected or disprovedppfor breast cancer a condition embedded in a legacy of radical surgery these conflicts were particularly charged but maverick researchers increasingly believed that the traditional mastectomy or lumpectomyplusradiation approach had no scientific basis decisively they were joined by a growing medical feminism in which women increasingly resisted their surgeons preferences but another major problem arose patients worried that in a rigorous blind trial they might unknowingly receive the placebo or no surgery and thus lose the possibility of a cure accordingly recruiting adequate numbers for a trial took years but radical surgery had been discredited and when it was abandoned an entire culture of surgery collapsed with it the radical mastectomy mukherjee notes is rarely if ever performed by surgeons todaypdiv span datapullquotethis extraordinary book is as deep a dive into a family of diseases as we are ever likely to seespan divpanother unfulfilled hope that detection would lead to cure involved the screening technique of mammographyfor which there was great initial enthusiasm especially in europe between 1976 and 1992 enormous parallel trials of mammography were launched there and in canada mukherjee explains the design and procedural obstacles that confronted and ultimately undermined the scientific value of these trials sometimes rigorous controls were embedded into the trials sometimes not even when controls were present by design execution of the trials was scattershot or biased in ways that defeated the random assignment of patientsppone trial for example selectively removed highrisk patients from the mammography group another trial did just the opposite the malmo study in sweden was exceptionally well run and accurately detected early cancers but it turned out to benefit only older women and then only modestly a pattern that plagued later studies as well the problems mukherjee concludes were the complexity of early detection trials the conundrum of over and underdiagnosis and the sensitivity of the results to the ages of the women involved the limits on scientists knowledge about how carcinogenicity actually works wereand to an extent remain todaythe root problemsppthe scientific and political struggles over smoking occupy appropriately a substantial chunk of the book it describes tobaccos vast human toll even today the massive legal and political struggles required to regulate the products the relative roles of public health and legal reformers in exposing the peril the industrys political power its many deceptions and evasions and the long tail of the distribution of lethal risk mukherjee begins this knotted tragic story with an 18supthsupcentury surgeon percivall pott who inferred epidemiologically that cancer could be caused by environmental agents and thus was preventable in a cruel irony the ubiquitous use of tobacco made the causal relationship much harder to discern indeed a leading epidemiologist richard doll first attributed it to road tar exposureppthe rest of the tobacco story is well known a public health establishment of the 1950s that was largely unperturbed by the epidemiological evidence the industrys cynical deployment of geneticists and other experts as dupes the conversion of surgeon general luther terry the regulation of cigarette advertising by a rejuvenated federal trade commission the warning label fiasco the tireless innovative legal campaigner john banzhaf the dramatic announcement by the dying actor william talman that smoking was killing him the consumer class actions and state litigation that culminated in the master settlement agreement the evasions of the agreement by the industry the export of the tobacco scourge abroad and the continuing toll among american smokers today sixty years after the surgeon generals report a devastation that mukherjee personally witnessed in the cancer wards he visitedppthe rest of the book presents the evolution of our post1970s scientific knowledge about the nature detection prevention and treatment of various cancers including the inspiring crusade against aids by the gay community the passage of time has only revealed the extraordinary variety of causes of the many discrete types of cancers the most important of these new discoveries concerns the plagues caused by viruses and bacteria these exceedingly complex agents mukherjee explains have vastly expanded our knowledge not only of cancers etiology but crucially of the fundamental nature of carcinogenicity itself the most important windows into this world have been opened by advances in research on genes dna rna proteins enzymes and their complex interactions mutagenicitychemical changes in a cells dnaplays a particularly critical role as berkeley bacteriologist bruce ames has established over the past fifty yearsppthis extraordinary book concludes on a characteristic note of cautious optimism mukherjee is taken with the figure of what he calls the red queen syndrome from emalice in wonderlandem she moved incessantly he puts it just to keep in place this he maintains applies to screening prevention and every other aspect of the battle against cancer even smoking behavior exhibits this dynamic complexity in the smokingnetwork effect people smoke or refrain based on signals from their cohesive social groups this helps explain why even the most successful cancerprevention strategies can lapse so swiftly as he illustrates with a final account of a beloved patient for whom he pulled out all the stops to no avail we are never likely to find a definitive cureppa hrefhttpswwwamericanpurposecomauthorspeterhschuckemstrongpeter h schuckstrongemaem baldwin professor of law emeritus at yale law school is distinguished scholar in residence at nyu law school andem emauthor of many articles and books on law public policy diversity immigration and other subjectsemppp

div hrefhttpsamznto36ypraa target_blankemthe emperor maladies biography canceremabr siddhartha mukherjee scribner 592 pp 32 divimg altthe emperor maladies srchttpswwwamericanpurposecomcontentimages202205slide16jpegpthe world paid little attention cancer years following onset covid19 pandemic early 2020 cancer screening centers closed period months routine procedures prioritize covid patients reduce risk screenings april 2020 center disease controls national breast cervical cancer early detection program declined 80 percent compared month previous years light anticipation wave covid cases coming fall winter realization virus recede rearview mirror look siddhartha mukherjees 2011 book cancerem emis worthwhile timelyppa hrefhttpsamznto36ypraaemthe emperor maladiesema extraordinary book aptly subtitled biography cancer deep dive family diseases millenniaold effort understand treat cure likely mukherjee pulitzer prizewinning author cancer clinician scholar disease fortunately gifted storyteller poetic eye ear metaphor analogy abundant detail sheer bulk narrative dauntingppmore thousand years ago egyptian physician named imhotep identified tumor 400 bc hippocrates named disease noting resemblance cancer astrological crab roman physician galens mention bizarre medicines black bile mukherjee finds little mention malady millennia andreas vesalius 16supthsupcentury anatomical drawings cancers signature sequenceinvasion site repulsion putative cures metastasis siteshas drawn attention obsession generations investigators different fields recently precious little effortsppin mukherjees adroit hands centuriesold story dogged trialanderror efforts treat dimly perceived scourgeinvariably followed failure spawning newer efforts based fresh theories causation controlis inspiring glimpse harsh discipline science stories pioneers lonely trails invariably led dead endspptreatment efforts intensified 1860s development antiseptics anesthesia complex radical surgery possible william stewart halsted leading figure advance described cheap accessible foolproof easytodose substancecocainethat fast food surgical anesthesia alluring halsted addicted expanded use attempting radical mastectomies radical surgery lacked proof effectiveness drew blinds circular logic nearly centuryppsome putative advances like radium turned cause cancer cure innovations like development chemical dyes enabled better tracking cancerous cellsppgenuine progress cancer await commitment largescale scientific research world war ii mukherjee invoking tocquevilles paean private civic energy details crusading organizational efforts mary lasker dr sidney farber created remarkable momentum scientific war cancerfirst orchestrating antileukemia jimmy fund showcased ted williams baseball stars modeled antipolio march dimes mukherjee shows mobilized political entrepreneurship quasireligious zeal produce national institutes health national cancer institute nci 1971 national cancer act likened moon shot noting scientists opposed act inexplicably fails explain whypppure happenstance played key role war cancer exemplified work min chiu li fugitive researcher wartime china fired nci chemical woman symptoms disappeared words effected chemotherapeutic cure cancer adultsand established basic principle oncology cancer treated visible sign vanished mid1970s dr larry einhorn stunned cancer world curing solid organ tumor chemotherapyphrpbut victories despite overhyping limited individual battlefields small genuine progress require researchers appreciate colossal diversity shapeshifting disease comprehensive view impeded practitioners commitment radical surgery resistance rigorously designed controlled trials appropriately selected groups patients patients recruitment unfortunately come doctors precisely interest having theory rejected disprovedppfor breast cancer condition embedded legacy radical surgery conflicts particularly charged maverick researchers increasingly believed traditional mastectomy lumpectomyplusradiation approach scientific basis decisively joined growing medical feminism women increasingly resisted surgeons preferences major problem arose patients worried rigorous blind trial unknowingly receive placebo surgery lose possibility cure accordingly recruiting adequate numbers trial took years radical surgery discredited abandoned entire culture surgery collapsed radical mastectomy mukherjee notes rarely performed surgeons todaypdiv span datapullquotethis extraordinary book deep dive family diseases likely seespan divpanother unfulfilled hope detection lead cure involved screening technique mammographyfor great initial enthusiasm especially europe 1976 1992 enormous parallel trials mammography launched canada mukherjee explains design procedural obstacles confronted ultimately undermined scientific value trials rigorous controls embedded trials controls present design execution trials scattershot biased ways defeated random assignment patientsppone trial example selectively removed highrisk patients mammography group trial opposite malmo study sweden exceptionally run accurately detected early cancers turned benefit older women modestly pattern plagued later studies problems mukherjee concludes complexity early detection trials conundrum underdiagnosis sensitivity results ages women involved limits scientists knowledge carcinogenicity actually works wereand extent remain todaythe root problemsppthe scientific political struggles smoking occupy appropriately substantial chunk book describes tobaccos vast human toll today massive legal political struggles required regulate products relative roles public health legal reformers exposing peril industrys political power deceptions evasions long tail distribution lethal risk mukherjee begins knotted tragic story 18supthsupcentury surgeon percivall pott inferred epidemiologically cancer caused environmental agents preventable cruel irony ubiquitous use tobacco causal relationship harder discern leading epidemiologist richard doll attributed road tar exposureppthe rest tobacco story known public health establishment 1950s largely unperturbed epidemiological evidence industrys cynical deployment geneticists experts dupes conversion surgeon general luther terry regulation cigarette advertising rejuvenated federal trade commission warning label fiasco tireless innovative legal campaigner john banzhaf dramatic announcement dying actor william talman smoking killing consumer class actions state litigation culminated master settlement agreement evasions agreement industry export tobacco scourge abroad continuing toll american smokers today years surgeon generals report devastation mukherjee personally witnessed cancer wards visitedppthe rest book presents evolution post1970s scientific knowledge nature detection prevention treatment cancers including inspiring crusade aids gay community passage time revealed extraordinary variety causes discrete types cancers important new discoveries concerns plagues caused viruses bacteria exceedingly complex agents mukherjee explains vastly expanded knowledge cancers etiology crucially fundamental nature carcinogenicity important windows world opened advances research genes dna rna proteins enzymes complex interactions mutagenicitychemical changes cells dnaplays particularly critical role berkeley bacteriologist bruce ames established past yearsppthis extraordinary book concludes characteristic note cautious optimism mukherjee taken figure calls red queen syndrome emalice wonderlandem moved incessantly puts place maintains applies screening prevention aspect battle cancer smoking behavior exhibits dynamic complexity smokingnetwork effect people smoke refrain based signals cohesive social groups helps explain successful cancerprevention strategies lapse swiftly illustrates final account beloved patient pulled stops avail likely find definitive cureppa hrefhttpswwwamericanpurposecomauthorspeterhschuckemstrongpeter h schuckstrongemaem baldwin professor law emeritus yale law school distinguished scholar residence nyu law school andem emauthor articles books law public policy diversity immigration subjectsemppp

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Philosophy’s gentle giant

pjoseph raz a commanding figure in modern legal philosophy died in london on 2 may aged 83 he was one of three or four philosophers who made towering contributions to our theoretical understanding of law the others were hans kelsen 18811973 hla hart 190792 and ronald dworkin 19312013 they are all gone now analytic jurisprudence and in razs case the philosophy of law washing over into the study of practical reason generally is their legacyp praz born in haifa in 1939 was a graduate of the hebrew university in jerusalem after getting his law degree he went to oxford to do graduate work under harts supervision then having returned for a few years to jerusalem following the completion of his doctorate he came back to oxford in 1972 to take up a fellowship at balliol college there he remained in one capacity or another tutorial fellow professor of the philosophy of law research professor until his retirement from oxford in 2009 but his work continued he taught at columbia law school in new york city from 2002 until 2019 and at kings college london until his death over the years he also held a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpssitesgooglecomsitejosephnrazcv target_blankvisiting positions at places such asa berkeley law the australian national university the university of toronto and yale law schoolp pat each institution raz was a loving colleague and mentor to students lecturers and younger professors intimidating them no doubt with the rigour of his analysis but at the same time keeping them close inspiring them with his example of how much could be achieved by trusting ones own disciplined pathways of thought raz had an immense influence on the two or three generations of analytic legal philosophers who followed him there is hardly a man or woman in the field who does not owe a debt to his friendship he took on more than his share of graduate students and as this writer knows he took pains too to reach out to those for whom he was not formally responsible as a supervisor softly spoken raz was unpretentious generous and sociable he introduced scores of us to each other i think he made us all better peoplep pintellectually what sort of influence did he have as a student of hla hart in 1994 he edited with his partner penny bulloch the second edition of harts 1961 masterpiece emthe concept of lawem that edition included a postscript in which hart defended his approach to jurisprudence against ronald dworkin the postscript was not complete at harts death but the editors helped piece it together from notes that hart had left hart was a legal positivist he didnt believe that lawyers or judges needed to engage in moral thinking to find out what the law was or how to apply it raz believed this too but he refined the position in a number of ways though he maintained that law was a matter of social facts about the exercise of power raz thought it was perfectly consistent to say that the question of what the law is is a morally significant question he explored some of that significance in his writing on the rule of law for which he received the a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwtangprizeorgenmedia_detailphpid932 target_blanktang prize for the rule of law in 2018ap pin analytic legal philosophy we argue endlessly about what law is and whether positivism is true raz held his own in such conversations but he was also interested in what all this conceptual analysis amounted to and why we engage in it its an effort at selfunderstanding he thought since law is such a presence in our social environmentp phis substantive contribution to these debates was striking and counterintuitive for raz positivism did not arise as it did for kelsen and as it sometimes seemed to do for hart out of a difference in status between law and morality with morality being the more subjective of the two on the contrary raz thought morality ought to pervade emallem human decisionmaking everyone is subject to moral reasons and it is incumbent on them on judges as well as others to figure those reasons out the best way they can we have laws however when for some reason we want to displace that background role for morality and subject our decisionmaking to some particular control we may do this for example when moral disagreement is likely to lead to chaos or failures of coordination so moral reasoning is the default position law operates in a minority of cases to block it which is why finding out what the law is must be possible without engaging in the very reasoning that it is the laws function to supersede this is a typical raz line of argument it is hard to follow because its trajectory is unexpected but it turns the table on the antipositivist assigning morality an initially greater role rather than a lesser onep panother way of putting all this is to say that law claims emauthorityem and the point of authority is that it is sometimes better for me to pay attention to someone elses reasoning better for the reasons that apply to me including moral reasons than to try to work things out on my own now if law claims authority it must be the sort of thing that can have authority of that kind which again would not be possible if accessing law required one to make the very moral judgements that authority is supposed to supersede razs position remains controversial dworkin for example argued that razs exclusive positivism was far too demanding he said there is scarcely a legal provision in us constitutional law that can be applied without any trace of moral reasoningp pthese points about authority illustrate the way in which in razs hands technical arguments in jurisprudence overlapped with and illuminated issues in political philosophy authority had never received a convincing analysis in political philosophy deserves to be obeyed is about as close as we got until raz turned his attention to it and once he produced his analysis drawing on deeper arguments about the reasons i might sometimes have for not acting on the balance of reasons as it appears to me it was never the same againp psometimes the connections between razs jurisprudence and his work in political philosophy were incidental as in his theory of rights his critique of the idea of equality in which he basically argued that what was at stake was not numerical equality as such but uniform application of the same rules and his 1990 essay on nationhood and cultural community with avishai margalitp pin other cases however the connections were deep and systematic razs greatest accomplishment was his book emthe morality of freedomem 1986 the first section was devoted to his analysis of authority which as we have seen was important for his jurisprudence but mostly the book was about personal autonomy and about autonomys role in peoples lives its a lovely juxtaposition because authority is usually seen as a problem for autonomy and vice versa raz however offered a new account that did justice to both concepts and explain how they might work together in practical reasoningp pstill his account of autonomy was disconcerting raz was a critic of dworkinstyle liberal neutrality about values and about the definition of the good life he thought autonomy the selfauthorship of a persons life was worth nurturing only in the service of genuine values and worth respecting only in a life dedicated to the pursuit of what really mattered in the 1980s we called this liberal perfectionism and neil maccormick another name to reckon with in jurisprudence didnt seem to be exaggerating when he wrote in a emtlsem review that razs bookwas as significant a new statement of liberal principles as anything since john stuart mills emon libertyemp pfor philosophers working in areas other than jurisprudenceem practical reason and normsem 1975 was the most influential of razs early writings partly because it introduced a sophisticated conceptual scheme for understanding how reasons work in a persons practical deliberations the idea of secondorder reasons was particularly important most notably exclusionary reasons that is reasons for not paying attention to other reasons razs work on the different levels at which reasons operate and the way their operation reflected and helped to constitute values enabled him to make decisive contributions in moral philosophy and those contributions continued throughout his life culminating in a last collection of essays emthe roots of normativityem published in february this year his work in these fields of often quite technical philosophy was relentlessly challenging and is highly respected by his peersp pit is hard to convey this in a short compass but razs legacy is a body of work united by dense and detailed tissues of understanding spun between jurisprudence political philosophy ethics and practical reasoning thumbing through emthe roots of normativityem where raz is figuring out what matters in life wellbeing consists in a wholehearted and successful pursuit of valuable relationships and goals i hear echoes of the later chapters of the english analytic philosopher ge moores emprincipia ethicaem written more than a hundred years earlier in 1903 i mean that as praise we look on moore these days as fussy and unworldly shocked for example to find that others didnt have the intellectual interests he had do you know my dear said moore to mrs moore in 1951 when he returned from his investment with the order of merit at buckingham palace the emkingem had never emheardem of wittgenstein raz was a bit like that a gentle giant otherworldly but he was grounded in an array of friendships and grounded too by his family and by his camera joseph was a very a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpooglecomsitejosephnrazpublishedphotographs target_blanktalented photographera we miss him he is survived by his son noam by his longtime partner penelope bulloch and by the intellectual community now in mourning that he nourished and sustainedp

pjoseph raz commanding figure modern legal philosophy died london 2 aged 83 philosophers towering contributions theoretical understanding law hans kelsen 18811973 hla hart 190792 ronald dworkin 19312013 gone analytic jurisprudence razs case philosophy law washing study practical reason generally legacyp praz born haifa 1939 graduate hebrew university jerusalem getting law degree went oxford graduate work harts supervision having returned years jerusalem following completion doctorate came oxford 1972 fellowship balliol college remained capacity tutorial fellow professor philosophy law research professor retirement oxford 2009 work continued taught columbia law school new york city 2002 2019 kings college london death years held relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpssitesgooglecomsitejosephnrazcv target_blankvisiting positions places asa berkeley law australian national university university toronto yale law schoolp pat institution raz loving colleague mentor students lecturers younger professors intimidating doubt rigour analysis time keeping close inspiring example achieved trusting ones disciplined pathways thought raz immense influence generations analytic legal philosophers followed hardly man woman field owe debt friendship took share graduate students writer knows took pains reach formally responsible supervisor softly spoken raz unpretentious generous sociable introduced scores think better peoplep pintellectually sort influence student hla hart 1994 edited partner penny bulloch second edition harts 1961 masterpiece emthe concept lawem edition included postscript hart defended approach jurisprudence ronald dworkin postscript complete harts death editors helped piece notes hart left hart legal positivist didnt believe lawyers judges needed engage moral thinking find law apply raz believed refined position number ways maintained law matter social facts exercise power raz thought perfectly consistent question law morally significant question explored significance writing rule law received relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwtangprizeorgenmedia_detailphpid932 target_blanktang prize rule law 2018ap pin analytic legal philosophy argue endlessly law positivism true raz held conversations interested conceptual analysis amounted engage effort selfunderstanding thought law presence social environmentp phis substantive contribution debates striking counterintuitive raz positivism arise kelsen hart difference status law morality morality subjective contrary raz thought morality ought pervade emallem human decisionmaking subject moral reasons incumbent judges figure reasons best way laws reason want displace background role morality subject decisionmaking particular control example moral disagreement likely lead chaos failures coordination moral reasoning default position law operates minority cases block finding law possible engaging reasoning laws function supersede typical raz line argument hard follow trajectory unexpected turns table antipositivist assigning morality initially greater role lesser onep panother way putting law claims emauthorityem point authority better pay attention elses reasoning better reasons apply including moral reasons try work things law claims authority sort thing authority kind possible accessing law required moral judgements authority supposed supersede razs position remains controversial dworkin example argued razs exclusive positivism far demanding said scarcely legal provision constitutional law applied trace moral reasoningp pthese points authority illustrate way razs hands technical arguments jurisprudence overlapped illuminated issues political philosophy authority received convincing analysis political philosophy deserves obeyed close got raz turned attention produced analysis drawing deeper arguments reasons acting balance reasons appears againp psometimes connections razs jurisprudence work political philosophy incidental theory rights critique idea equality basically argued stake numerical equality uniform application rules 1990 essay nationhood cultural community avishai margalitp pin cases connections deep systematic razs greatest accomplishment book emthe morality freedomem 1986 section devoted analysis authority seen important jurisprudence book personal autonomy autonomys role peoples lives lovely juxtaposition authority usually seen problem autonomy vice versa raz offered new account justice concepts explain work practical reasoningp pstill account autonomy disconcerting raz critic dworkinstyle liberal neutrality values definition good life thought autonomy selfauthorship persons life worth nurturing service genuine values worth respecting life dedicated pursuit mattered 1980s called liberal perfectionism neil maccormick reckon jurisprudence didnt exaggerating wrote emtlsem review razs bookwas significant new statement liberal principles john stuart mills emon libertyemp pfor philosophers working areas jurisprudenceem practical reason normsem 1975 influential razs early writings partly introduced sophisticated conceptual scheme understanding reasons work persons practical deliberations idea secondorder reasons particularly important notably exclusionary reasons reasons paying attention reasons razs work different levels reasons operate way operation reflected helped constitute values enabled decisive contributions moral philosophy contributions continued life culminating collection essays emthe roots normativityem published february year work fields technical philosophy relentlessly challenging highly respected peersp pit hard convey short compass razs legacy body work united dense detailed tissues understanding spun jurisprudence political philosophy ethics practical reasoning thumbing emthe roots normativityem raz figuring matters life wellbeing consists wholehearted successful pursuit valuable relationships goals hear echoes later chapters english analytic philosopher ge moores emprincipia ethicaem written years earlier 1903 mean praise look moore days fussy unworldly shocked example find didnt intellectual interests know dear said moore mrs moore 1951 returned investment order merit buckingham palace emkingem emheardem wittgenstein raz bit like gentle giant otherworldly grounded array friendships grounded family camera joseph relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpooglecomsitejosephnrazpublishedphotographs target_blanktalented photographera miss survived son noam longtime partner penelope bulloch intellectual community mourning nourished sustainedp

627ede6cba941ac50ca6dad2

Can California Change?—An Interview with Michael Shellenberger

img altcan california changean interview with michael shellenberger srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202205shellenbergerjpegpppin october 2021 environmentalist activist and author michael shellenberger published his bestselling book ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomsanfransickoprogressivesruincitiesdp0063093626san fransicko why progressives ruin citiesaem he is now campaigning to be the next governor of california on an independent ticket and a platform that promises to address the crises he identified in that booka homeless crisis afflicting the major cities a rising cost of living spiking crime rates and a failing education system he says he is proposing aggressive action and commonsense solutions that are not beholden to party politics threading that needle is notoriously difficult but shellenbergers unusual candidacy may resonate with a liberal voting base perennially disappointed by the conventional candidates on offer ppin a skype interview for emquilletteem i asked shellenberger about his plan for fixing californias homeless crisis and his strategy for appealing to voters across the political spectrum the interview has been edited for length and clarityppstrongquillette magazine strongyou are running for governor not because youre a politician whos a natural fit but because california has a lot of problems and you believe you have the right solutions tell me about the problems california is experiencingppstrongmichael shellenbergerstrong im running for governor because im heartbroken by the tragedythe human tragedyon the streets im also angry at the politicians who keep making the problem worse but im also inspired by california im in love with californiaive been in love with it ever since i was a boyand i think it has huge potentialppso im running because i want to overcome the problems but more than that i want to help california to achieve its potential as a state which is to lead the country in creating a new social contracta new understanding around questions like what is our obligation to our fellow citizens when it comes to mental illness drug addiction and homelessness what is the arrangement with each other in terms of creating abundant energy water and housing and what is the new social contract around education because we should have worldclass schools but theyre absolutely failing our studentsppstrongqm strongrecently urban planner nolan gray a hrefhttpstwittercommnolangraystatus1510738054578782208tweeteda florida is what california was supposed to be a place where normal people can just kind of show up and claim their little slice of paradise and be weird thats how i thought of california before i moved here do you think thats the correct way to think about itppstrongmsstrong i think that maybe its sort of how it was supposed to be but i dont think thats a particularly compelling vision of what california should be california is in many ways the most american of all american states its a state thats obsessed with the frontier its obsessed with freedom the crisis facing california is part of a broader crisis facing america and that is a crisis of freedom unbalanced by responsibility so one of the things im proposing to do as governor is to build a statue of responsibility thats as tall and magnificent as the statue of liberty on the east coast but rather than ask a foreign nation to build it i believe californians should pay for it and build it ourselves that would represent a completion of the american projectppwere suffering a peter pan syndrome in californiawe refuse to grow up and that looks like a refusal to accept responsibility we see it at all levels of government we see our current governor refuse to accept responsibly for the various crisesthe homeless crisis which is really an untreated mental illness crisis and a drug addiction crisis hes refusing to accept responsibly for the educational crisis where only half of our students are proficient at reading and only onethird are proficient at mathblack students are 10 percent proficient at math and latino students 15 percent proficient at math in response theyre now seeking to lower the standards for all students thats a way of eschewing rather than accepting responsibility accepting responsibility means raising standards for all students and giving parents more involvement and choice to personalize the education of their childrenppthis also means taking responsibility for the management of our environmentsof our forests and cities were not going to allow large areas of our cities to turn into open drug scenes that deprives other people of their freedom and does nothing to care for sick people in need of medical care who are instead enabled to live in their own filth and to maintain their addictions similarly on energy californians need to take responsibility for producing our own energy rather than being dependent on energy importsppso im proposing a new era of responsibility with that california has a chance to lead the whole country which is also struggling to figure out what kind of country we are going to be we see both left and right slipping into nostalgia for a past that never existed so while i agree that california has not become what florida is i dont think live and let live is good enough anymoreppstrongqm stronglast week i was coming home from work at san franciscos civic center i was at a bart station going down an escalator and right in front of me was a guy smoking something off a piece of tinfoil i dont know what it was but i didnt appreciate the fact that i had to breathe it in this situation wasnt shocking at all its something you see all the time in michael shellenbergers california what happens to this guy is he arrested does he go to jail does he go to rehab is it forced rehabppstrongmsstrong he was probably smoking fentanyl an opioid thats 50 to 100 times more potent than heroin its put on top of the tinfoil and then they light the foil underneath and then they inhale the smoke through a straw were going to get people like that the medical care and shelter they need which is our moral duty if there were an earthquake and 200000 people were suddenly living in tents on the streets suffering from drug addiction and mental illness we would not hesitate to take care of themppso our response will be to create sufficient temporary shelter for everybody and triage tents to provide medical care including detox from drugs we will then work with law enforcement and social services to create a centralized addiction and mentalhealth care system that were going to call calpsych initially this will be created through executive order and executive action but we will also go to the legislature and ask that they pass legislation to create calpsych as a legislative body well take action because its our moral and legal obligation to do so and well draw on the extraordinary powers that we have as governor to do that well use those powers judiciously but well use them to address the humanitarian disaster if we get into early 2024 and the legislature has failed to act on our proposals then well put them on a ballot initiative and voters will vote on them in november 2024pponce those two years have gone by voters will have seen a significant improvement and a significant reduction of openair drug use and dealing to the extent that we can were going to deport the drug dealers working here illegally for the sinaloa cartel and well work with federal law enforcement and immigration services to make sure that those drug dealers who are killing our citizens are deported or prosecuted to the full extent of the lawppwe may also need to modify some of the laws that have decriminalized drugs and shoplifting were going to need to pass legislation but the vision here is that after eight yearsreally after four yearswe dont have openair drug scenes instead we will have shelter for alluniversal shelterand a significantly larger police force we will have our centralized psychiatric and addiction care systema ceo who reports to me six regional directors who will report to the ceo and case managers and social workers who will report to the regional directors they will also oversee a network of private contractors who will provide shelter residential care rehab facilities psychiatric hospitals and hospital beds all with a single payment reimbursement system so we get reimbursed by medicaid particularly if were going to be taking care of sick people from around the united statesppstrongqm stronghow are you planning to sell the idea that some measure of force is required to get people off the street every time the government tries to close a homeless camp for example in echo park last year theres a huge public outcry right now gavin newsom is trying to roll out his care courts plan and you have the aclu saying its going to exacerbate racial disparities how are you going to deal with the level of pushback you get from the public and organizations like the acluppstrongmsstrong after the echo park open drug scene was closed we saw a small number of very loud activists complain but they are a political minority they hold radically different values than the majority of people in california who think that parks belong to all of us and that they shouldnt be privatized by a small number of radical anarchist organizations using drug addicts and the mentally ill as cannon fodder for their war on civilization the vast majority of the public wants to shut down the openair drug scenes theyre tired of whats going onppthe governor is basically engaging in a public relations exercise to show that he is trying to take action on this issue but it transparently cant work because without the care system in place you can arrest mentally ill people but where are you going to put them we dont have the psychiatric beds in our hospitals and we dont have the residential care facilities like the one that took care of my aunt with schizophrenia they dont exist because gavin has refused to create that system despite the advice of his top mentalhealth advisorppso the care system has to come first this is where mainstream liberals and progressives at least rhetorically have been accurate so once we create that care system we have to enforce laws so that the people who are crying out for help through their behaviorslike breaking laws against public camping public defecation public drug usecan get the help they need but if you dont create the care system first then youre just going to be putting mentally ill people in jail so i think progressives are actually right to be concerned about governor newsoms agendappstrongqm stronga poll of the a hrefhttpswwwcapradioorgarticles20220425interviewtopissuesforcaliforniavoterssplitbypartypollshowstop issues for voters in californiaa was recently taken by the berkeley institute of government studies for democrats these are housing affordability homelessness climate change for republications crime gas prices immigration taxes for noparty [unaffiliated] voters it was a mix of both housing affordability homelessness crime gas prices so it looks like democrats and republicans even in california are on wildly different pages in terms of what they care about republicans dont seem to rank homelessness as a top priority so who are you actually speaking to it seems your message is more for democrats how are you going to bring republicans inppstrongms strongour early polling shows that we draw equal support from independents republicans and democrats because our agenda is not partisan its just a commonsense practical agendappthe majority of californians have the same concerns but they express them slightly differently what the republicans call crime progressives call homelessness but were all talking about the same thing which is that the open drug scenes are driving the increase of property crimes around the state and so were going to deal with that the same way that all civilized countries have dealt with it were going to enforce the law provide universal shelter with housing earned and provide universal psychiatric carepptheres been this conventional wisdom in politics that somehow youre supposed to change your message in the primary versus the general election i dont think thats a particularly honest way of campaigning id rather just tell people what i want to do from the beginning and the fortunate thing is that californias nopartypreference electoral system has created an opportunity to just be able to explain what we need to do to both sidesall sidesppstrongqm strongive heard a lot of politicians in the last few years say that theyre going down the middle and appealing to both parties that was andrew yangs thing its not left or right its forward if you look at his policies hes basically a leftist but he reframes the messaging so its palatable to the right is there a politician that you think has done this correctly is there someone who youre modeling your campaign afterppstrongmsstrong no [laughs] if there were id be working for them and thats why im running im the only person who has this vision and the vision comes out of having done the research and gone to places that have done this successfully if you were to ask has anybody had the vision the answer is yes but theyre all in foreign countries im a huge fan of the netherlands its a country that has tough love as a core value the party thats in power is the party that came to power shutting down the open drug scenes it also is the same power that supports nuclear energy and i dont think its a coincidenceppwhether youre dealing with drug addicts or with energy you have to be a grownup the childlike view of these things is that theres some quick and easy solution that has no consequences and anybody who denies it is a bad person a more mature version says there are always going to be advantages and disadvantages to particular solutions but there needs to be some kind of balance and some kind of moderation between strictness and lovebetween just helping people but also demanding changeppsimilarly we get higher performance by doing hard things hard things actually bring out our best and so difficult obstacles are also the way forward you dont solve problems bystrong stronggoing around them or avoiding them but by confronting them headon and seeing them as opportunities to make yourself betterppand thats how i view californias crisis its not just a chance to get back to how things were its a chance for the statefor usto become better and really to become more mature and to realize that there are ways to enforce laws without being cruel you can demand accountability from people without punishing them certainly some people are just sociopathicviolent criminals who should be in prison but the vast majority of homeless people are just drug addicts or mentally ill people who need care with accountabilityppemyou can follow michael shellenberger on twitter a hrefhttpstwittercomshellenbergermdshellenbergermdaemp

img altcan california changean interview michael shellenberger srchttpss3amazonawscomprodstaticcontentquillettecom202205shellenbergerjpegpppin october 2021 environmentalist activist author michael shellenberger published bestselling book ema hrefhttpswwwamazoncomsanfransickoprogressivesruincitiesdp0063093626san fransicko progressives ruin citiesaem campaigning governor california independent ticket platform promises address crises identified booka homeless crisis afflicting major cities rising cost living spiking crime rates failing education system says proposing aggressive action commonsense solutions beholden party politics threading needle notoriously difficult shellenbergers unusual candidacy resonate liberal voting base perennially disappointed conventional candidates offer ppin skype interview emquilletteem asked shellenberger plan fixing californias homeless crisis strategy appealing voters political spectrum interview edited length clarityppstrongquillette magazine strongyou running governor youre politician whos natural fit california lot problems believe right solutions tell problems california experiencingppstrongmichael shellenbergerstrong im running governor im heartbroken tragedythe human tragedyon streets im angry politicians making problem worse im inspired california im love californiaive love boyand think huge potentialppso im running want overcome problems want help california achieve potential state lead country creating new social contracta new understanding questions like obligation fellow citizens comes mental illness drug addiction homelessness arrangement terms creating abundant energy water housing new social contract education worldclass schools theyre absolutely failing studentsppstrongqm strongrecently urban planner nolan gray hrefhttpstwittercommnolangraystatus1510738054578782208tweeteda florida california supposed place normal people kind claim little slice paradise weird thats thought california moved think thats correct way think itppstrongmsstrong think maybe sort supposed dont think thats particularly compelling vision california california ways american american states state thats obsessed frontier obsessed freedom crisis facing california broader crisis facing america crisis freedom unbalanced responsibility things im proposing governor build statue responsibility thats tall magnificent statue liberty east coast ask foreign nation build believe californians pay build represent completion american projectppwere suffering peter pan syndrome californiawe refuse grow looks like refusal accept responsibility levels government current governor refuse accept responsibly crisesthe homeless crisis untreated mental illness crisis drug addiction crisis hes refusing accept responsibly educational crisis half students proficient reading onethird proficient mathblack students 10 percent proficient math latino students 15 percent proficient math response theyre seeking lower standards students thats way eschewing accepting responsibility accepting responsibility means raising standards students giving parents involvement choice personalize education childrenppthis means taking responsibility management environmentsof forests cities going allow large areas cities turn open drug scenes deprives people freedom care sick people need medical care instead enabled live filth maintain addictions similarly energy californians need responsibility producing energy dependent energy importsppso im proposing new era responsibility california chance lead country struggling figure kind country going left right slipping nostalgia past existed agree california florida dont think live let live good anymoreppstrongqm stronglast week coming home work san franciscos civic center bart station going escalator right guy smoking piece tinfoil dont know didnt appreciate fact breathe situation wasnt shocking time michael shellenbergers california happens guy arrested jail rehab forced rehabppstrongmsstrong probably smoking fentanyl opioid thats 50 100 times potent heroin tinfoil light foil underneath inhale smoke straw going people like medical care shelter need moral duty earthquake 200000 people suddenly living tents streets suffering drug addiction mental illness hesitate care themppso response create sufficient temporary shelter everybody triage tents provide medical care including detox drugs work law enforcement social services create centralized addiction mentalhealth care system going calpsych initially created executive order executive action legislature ask pass legislation create calpsych legislative body action moral legal obligation draw extraordinary powers governor use powers judiciously use address humanitarian disaster early 2024 legislature failed act proposals ballot initiative voters vote november 2024pponce years gone voters seen significant improvement significant reduction openair drug use dealing extent going deport drug dealers working illegally sinaloa cartel work federal law enforcement immigration services sure drug dealers killing citizens deported prosecuted extent lawppwe need modify laws decriminalized drugs shoplifting going need pass legislation vision yearsreally yearswe dont openair drug scenes instead shelter alluniversal shelterand significantly larger police force centralized psychiatric addiction care systema ceo reports regional directors report ceo case managers social workers report regional directors oversee network private contractors provide shelter residential care rehab facilities psychiatric hospitals hospital beds single payment reimbursement system reimbursed medicaid particularly going taking care sick people united statesppstrongqm stronghow planning sell idea measure force required people street time government tries close homeless camp example echo park year theres huge public outcry right gavin newsom trying roll care courts plan aclu saying going exacerbate racial disparities going deal level pushback public organizations like acluppstrongmsstrong echo park open drug scene closed saw small number loud activists complain political minority hold radically different values majority people california think parks belong shouldnt privatized small number radical anarchist organizations drug addicts mentally ill cannon fodder war civilization vast majority public wants shut openair drug scenes theyre tired whats going onppthe governor basically engaging public relations exercise trying action issue transparently cant work care system place arrest mentally ill people going dont psychiatric beds hospitals dont residential care facilities like took care aunt schizophrenia dont exist gavin refused create system despite advice mentalhealth advisorppso care system come mainstream liberals progressives rhetorically accurate create care system enforce laws people crying help behaviorslike breaking laws public camping public defecation public drug usecan help need dont create care system youre going putting mentally ill people jail think progressives actually right concerned governor newsoms agendappstrongqm stronga poll hrefhttpswwwcapradioorgarticles20220425interviewtopissuesforcaliforniavoterssplitbypartypollshowstop issues voters californiaa recently taken berkeley institute government studies democrats housing affordability homelessness climate change republications crime gas prices immigration taxes noparty [unaffiliated] voters mix housing affordability homelessness crime gas prices looks like democrats republicans california wildly different pages terms care republicans dont rank homelessness priority actually speaking message democrats going bring republicans inppstrongms strongour early polling shows draw equal support independents republicans democrats agenda partisan commonsense practical agendappthe majority californians concerns express slightly differently republicans crime progressives homelessness talking thing open drug scenes driving increase property crimes state going deal way civilized countries dealt going enforce law provide universal shelter housing earned provide universal psychiatric carepptheres conventional wisdom politics youre supposed change message primary versus general election dont think thats particularly honest way campaigning id tell people want beginning fortunate thing californias nopartypreference electoral system created opportunity able explain need sidesall sidesppstrongqm strongive heard lot politicians years theyre going middle appealing parties andrew yangs thing left right forward look policies hes basically leftist reframes messaging palatable right politician think correctly youre modeling campaign afterppstrongmsstrong [laughs] id working thats im running im person vision vision comes having research gone places successfully ask anybody vision answer yes theyre foreign countries im huge fan netherlands country tough love core value party thats power party came power shutting open drug scenes power supports nuclear energy dont think coincidenceppwhether youre dealing drug addicts energy grownup childlike view things theres quick easy solution consequences anybody denies bad person mature version says going advantages disadvantages particular solutions needs kind balance kind moderation strictness lovebetween helping people demanding changeppsimilarly higher performance hard things hard things actually bring best difficult obstacles way forward dont solve problems bystrong stronggoing avoiding confronting headon seeing opportunities betterppand thats view californias crisis chance things chance statefor usto better mature realize ways enforce laws cruel demand accountability people punishing certainly people sociopathicviolent criminals prison vast majority homeless people drug addicts mentally ill people need care accountabilityppemyou follow michael shellenberger twitter hrefhttpstwittercomshellenbergermdshellenbergermdaemp

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What economic lessons about health care costs can we learn from the competitive market for aesthetic plastic surgery?

div classwpblockimagefigurea hrefhttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202205cosmetic2022apngx91208img alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202205cosmetic2022apngx91208 classwpimage1008628023afigurediv pbetween 1998 and 2021 prices for medical care services in the us as measured by the blss a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpresearchstlouisfedorgfred2seriescusr0000sam2 target_blankcpi for medical care servicesa more than doubled 1322 increase while the cpi for hospital and related services a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsfredstlouisfedorgseriescuur0000semd target_blankdata herea more than tripled 2304 increase see the bottom two rows of the table above those increases in the costs of medicalrelated services compared to only a 662 increase in overall consumer prices over that period bls a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpresearchstlouisfedorgfred2seriescpiaucsl target_blankdata herea on an annual basis the costs of medical care services in the us have increased 36 per year since 1998 and the cost of hospital services increased annually by 51 in contrast overall inflation averaged only 21 annually over that period the only consumer product or service that has increased more than medical care services and just slightly less than hospital costs over the last several decades is college tuition and fees which have increased nearly 50 annually since 1998 for fouryear public universities p figure classwpblockimagea hrefhttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202205medpngx91208img alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202205medpngx91208 classwpimage1008628017afigure pone of the reasons that the costs of medical care services in the us have increased more than twice as much as general consumer prices since 1998 is that a large and increasing share of medical costs are paid by third parties private health insurance medicare medicaid department of veterans affairs etc and only a small and shrinking percentage of health care costs are paid outofpocket by consumers according to a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwcmsgovresearchstatisticsdataandsystemsstatisticstrendsandreportsnationalhealthexpenddatanationalhealthaccountshistoricalhtml target_blankgovernment dataa almost half 471 of health care expenditures in 1960 were paid by consumers outofpocket and by 2020 most recent year available that share of expenditures has fallen to only 94 see chart above its no big surprise that overall health care costs have continued to rise over time as the share of thirdparty payments has risen to more than 90 and the outofpocket share has fallen below 10 consumers of health care have significantly reduced incentives to monitor prices and be costconscious buyers of medical and hospital services when they pay less than 1 themselves out of every 10 spent and the incentives of medical care providers to hold costs down are greatly reduced knowing that their customers arent paying outofpocket and arent price sensitivep phow would the market for medical services operate differently if prices were transparent and consumers were paying outofpocket for medical procedures in a competitive market well we can look to the 146 billion us market for elective cosmetic surgery for some answers every year since 1997 the american society for aesthetic plastic surgery has issued an annual report on aesthetic procedures in the us both surgical and nonsurgical that includes the number of procedures the average cost per procedure starting in 1998 the total spending per procedure and the age and gender distribution for each procedure the 2021 report was released in april and is available a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpscdntheaestheticsocietyorgmediastatistics2021theaestheticsocietystatisticspdf target_blankhereap pthe table above click to enlarge displays the 16 cosmetic procedures that were available and reported in both 1998 and 2021 the average prices for those procedures in each year in current dollars the number of each of those procedures performed in those two years and the percent increase in the average price for each procedure between 1998 and 2021 the procedures are ranked by the number of cosmetic procedures last year here are some interesting findings from this years report and the table abovep ullionly four of the 16 most popular cosmetic procedures tummy tuck eyelid surgery facelift and male breast reduction increased more than the overall 66 increase in the cpi between 1998 and 2021 while the other 12 procedures increased less than overall consumer prices that means that four of the procedures increased in real inflationadjusted dollars and the other 12 decreased in real inflationadjusted constant dollarslilifor four of the most popular nonsurgical procedures in 2021 botox injections laser hair removal laser skin resurfacing and chemical peel the emnominal prices in current dollars emhave actually fallen over the last 22 years by 35 for botox injections from 424 to 409 by 247 for chemical peel from 821 to 618 by 63 for laser hair removal from 452 to 167 and by 47 for laser skin resurfacing from 2276 to 1199 when a price in nominal current dollars is emlower in 2021 than in 1998em that means that the real prices of those procedures have decreased significantly for example the cost of laser hair removal in 1998 452 expressed in 2021 dollars 753 means that the price last year of only 166 was 78 lower adjusted for inflation likewise the real price of botox injections fell by 421 in inflationadjusted dollars laser skin resurfacing fell by 684 and the price of chemical peel fell by 548 lilithe unweighted strongaverage price increase between 1998 and 2021 for the 16 aesthetic procedures displayed above was 313 which is less than half of the 662 increase in consumer prices in general over the last 23 yearsstrong when the average procedure prices are weighted by the spending on each procedure last year the average price increase since 1998 was 382 liliand most importantly strongnone of the 16 aesthetic procedures in the table above have increased in price by anywhere close to the 132 increase in the price of medical care services or the 230 increase in hospital services since 1998strong the largest aesthetic procedure price increases since 1998 is the 865 increase for facelifts which is still way below the more than doubling of prices for medical services overall and the more than threefold increase in the cpi for hospital serviceslilithe aesthetic society doesnt provide a detailed breakdown of aesthetic procedures by gender but it did provide the number of procedures for the top six most popular procedures for women liposuction breast augmentation tummy tuck breast lifts breast implant removals and eyelid surgery that totaled just under 15 million and the top six procedures for men liposuction breast reduction eyelid surgery nose surgery tummy tuck and face lift totaling 94844 based on those figures women accounted for about 94 of aesthetic procedures and men only 6 which is consistent with the gender breakdown in past years based on more comprehensive data and also consistent with the gender shares highlighted in the report liul pstrongmpstrong the competitive market for aesthetic plastic surgery operates differently than the traditional market for health care in important and significant ways cosmetic procedures unlike most medical services are not usually covered by insurance patients typically paying 100 outofpocket for elective aesthetic procedures are costconscious and have strong incentives to shop around and compare prices at the dozens of competing providers in any large city providers operate in a very competitive market with transparent pricing and therefore have incentives to provide cosmetic procedures at competitive prices those providers are also less burdened and encumbered by the bureaucratic paperwork that is typically involved with the provision of most standard medical care with thirdparty payments because of the price transparency and market competition that characterizes the market for cosmetic procedures the prices of most cosmetic procedures have fallen in real terms since 1998 and some nonsurgical procedures have even fallen in nominal dollars before adjusting for inflation in all cases cosmetic procedures have increased in price by far less than the 132 increase in the price of medical care services between 1998 and 2021 and the 230 increase in prices for hospital services in summary the market for cosmetic surgery operates very much like other competitive markets with the same expected results falling prices over time for most aesthetic plastic surgery proceduresp pstrongquestionstrong if aesthetic plastic surgery procedures were covered by thirdparty payers like insurance companies medicare and medicaid what would have happened to their prices over time basic economics tells us that those real prices would have risen over time possibly somewhere close to the same 132 increase in the prices of medical services in general between 1998 and 2021 the main economic lesson here is that the greater the degree of market competition price transparency and outofpocket payments the more constrained prices are in health care or any other sector of the economy another important economic lesson is that the greater the degrees of government intervention opaque prices and thirdparty payments the less constrained prices are in health care or any other sector of the economy some important economic lessons to keep in mind as we consider various reforms for national health care including proposals by bolshevik bernie sanders for singlepayer a relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwcnncomvideospolitics20190423berniesandersmedicareforallsinglepayerhealthplantownhallvpxcnn target_blankmedicare for alla because health care is a human right not a privilegep pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpswwwaeiorgcarpediemwhateconomiclessonsabouthealthcarecostscanwelearnfromthecompetitivemarketforaestheticplasticsurgery2what economic lessons about health care costs can we learn from the competitive market for aesthetic plastic surgerya appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpswwwaeiorgamerican enterprise institute aeiap

div classwpblockimagefigurea hrefhttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202205cosmetic2022apngx91208img alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202205cosmetic2022apngx91208 classwpimage1008628023afigurediv pbetween 1998 2021 prices medical care services measured blssa relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpresearchstlouisfedorgfred2seriescusr0000sam2 target_blankcpi medical care servicesa doubled 1322 increase cpi hospital related services relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpsfredstlouisfedorgseriescuur0000semd target_blankdata herea tripled 2304 increase rows table increases costs medicalrelated services compared 662 increase overall consumer prices period blsa relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpresearchstlouisfedorgfred2seriescpiaucsl target_blankdata herea annual basis costs medical care services increased 36 year 1998 cost hospital services increased annually 51 contrast overall inflation averaged 21 annually period consumer product service increased medical care services slightly hospital costs decades iscollege tuition fees increased nearly 50 annually 1998 fouryear public universities p figure classwpblockimagea hrefhttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202205medpngx91208img alt srchttpswwwaeiorgwpcontentuploads202205medpngx91208 classwpimage1008628017afigure pone reasons costs medical care services increased twice general consumer prices 1998 large increasing share medical costs paid parties private health insurance medicare medicaid department veterans affairs etc small shrinking percentage health care costs paid outofpocket consumers according toa relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwcmsgovresearchstatisticsdataandsystemsstatisticstrendsandreportsnationalhealthexpenddatanationalhealthaccountshistoricalhtml target_blankgovernment dataa half 471 health care expenditures 1960 paid consumers outofpocket 2020 recent year available share expenditures fallen 94 chart big surprise overall health care costs continued rise time share thirdparty payments risen 90 outofpocket share fallen 10 consumers health care significantly reduced incentives monitor prices costconscious buyers medical hospital services pay 1 10 spent incentives medical care providers hold costs greatly reduced knowing customers arent paying outofpocket arent price sensitivep phow market medical services operate differently prices transparent consumers paying outofpocket medical procedures competitive market look 146 billion market elective cosmetic surgery answers year 1997 theamerican society aesthetic plastic surgeryhas issued annual report aesthetic procedures surgical nonsurgical includes number procedures average cost procedure starting 1998 total spending procedure age gender distribution procedure 2021 report released april availablea relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpscdntheaestheticsocietyorgmediastatistics2021theaestheticsocietystatisticspdf target_blankhereap pthe table click enlarge displays 16 cosmetic procedures available reported 1998 2021 average prices procedures year current dollars number procedures performed years percent increase average price procedure 1998 2021 procedures ranked number cosmetic procedures year interesting findings years report table abovep ullionly 16 popular cosmetic procedures tummy tuck eyelid surgery facelift male breast reduction increased overall 66 increase cpi 1998 2021 12 procedures increased overall consumer prices means procedures increased real inflationadjusted dollars 12 decreased real inflationadjusted constant dollarslilifor popular nonsurgical procedures 2021 botox injections laser hair removal laser skin resurfacing chemical peel emnominal prices current dollars emhave actually fallen 22 years 35 botox injections 424 409 247 chemical peel 821 618 63 laser hair removal 452 167 47 laser skin resurfacing 2276 1199 price nominal current dollars emlower 2021 1998em means real prices procedures decreased significantly example cost laser hair removal 1998 452 expressed 2021 dollars 753 means price year 166 78 lower adjusted inflation likewise real price botox injections fell 421 inflationadjusted dollars laser skin resurfacing fell 684 price chemical peel fell 548 lilithe unweightedstrongaverage price increase 1998 2021 16 aesthetic procedures displayed 313 half 662 increase consumer prices general 23 yearsstrong average procedure prices weighted spending procedure year average price increase 1998 382 liliand importantlystrongnone 16 aesthetic procedures table increased price close 132 increase price medical care services 230 increase hospital services 1998strongthe largest aesthetic procedure price increases 1998 865 increase facelifts way doubling prices medical services overall threefold increase cpi hospital serviceslilithe aesthetic society doesnt provide detailed breakdown aesthetic procedures gender provide number procedures popular procedures women liposuction breast augmentation tummy tuck breast lifts breast implant removals eyelid surgery totaled 15 million procedures men liposuction breast reduction eyelid surgery nose surgery tummy tuck face lift totaling 94844 based figures women accounted 94 aesthetic procedures men 6 consistent gender breakdown past years based comprehensive data consistent gender shares highlighted report liul pstrongmpstrongthe competitive market aesthetic plastic surgery operates differently traditional market health care important significant ways cosmetic procedures unlike medical services usually covered insurance patients typically paying 100 outofpocket elective aesthetic procedures costconscious strong incentives shop compare prices dozens competing providers large city providers operate competitive market transparent pricing incentives provide cosmetic procedures competitive prices providers burdened encumbered bureaucratic paperwork typically involved provision standard medical care thirdparty payments price transparency market competition characterizes market cosmetic procedures prices cosmetic procedures fallen real terms 1998 nonsurgical procedures fallen nominal dollars adjusting inflation cases cosmetic procedures increased price far 132 increase price medical care services 1998 2021 230 increase prices hospital services summary market cosmetic surgery operates like competitive markets expected results falling prices time aesthetic plastic surgery proceduresp pstrongquestionstrong aesthetic plastic surgery procedures covered thirdparty payers like insurance companies medicare medicaid happened prices time basic economics tells real prices risen time possibly close 132 increase prices medical services general 1998 2021 main economic lesson greater degree market competition price transparency outofpocket payments constrained prices health care sector economy important economic lesson greater degrees government intervention opaque prices thirdparty payments constrained prices health care sector economy important economic lessons mind consider reforms national health care including proposals bolshevik bernie sanders singlepayer relnoreferrer noopener hrefhttpswwwcnncomvideospolitics20190423berniesandersmedicareforallsinglepayerhealthplantownhallvpxcnn target_blankmedicare alla health care human right privilegep pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpswwwaeiorgcarpediemwhateconomiclessonsabouthealthcarecostscanwelearnfromthecompetitivemarketforaestheticplasticsurgery2what economic lessons health care costs learn competitive market aesthetic plastic surgerya appeared relnofollow hrefhttpswwwaeiorgamerican enterprise institute aeiap

62802de0e241cb1ca539a9f0

Who is rich in America?

blockquote pwe now know who is rich in america and its not who you might have guessedp pa groundbreaking 2019 a relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsemlberkeleyeduyagancapitalistspdf title target_blankstudya by four economists capitalists in the twentyfirst century analyzed deidentified data of the complete universe of american taxpayers to determine who dominated the top 01 percent of earnersp pthe study didnt tell us about the small number of wellknown tech and shopping billionaires but instead about the more than 140000 americans who earn more than 158 million per year the researchers found that the typical rich american is in their words the owner of a regional business such as an auto dealer or a beverage distributorp blockquote pthat is a relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220514opinionsundayrichhappinessbigdatahtml target_blankfrom seth stephensdavidowitza nyt who covers some other interesting wealthhappiness topics as wellp pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202205whoisrichinamericahtmlwho is rich in americaa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

blockquote pwe know rich america guessedp pa groundbreaking 2019 relnoopener noreferrer hrefhttpsemlberkeleyeduyagancapitalistspdf title target_blankstudya economists capitalists twentyfirst century analyzed deidentified data complete universe american taxpayers determine dominated 01 percent earnersp pthe study didnt tell small number wellknown tech shopping billionaires instead 140000 americans earn 158 million year researchers found typical rich american words owner regional business auto dealer beverage distributorp blockquote pthat relnoopener hrefhttpswwwnytimescom20220514opinionsundayrichhappinessbigdatahtml target_blankfrom seth stephensdavidowitza nyt covers interesting wealthhappiness topics wellp pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202205whoisrichinamericahtmlwho rich americaa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

62802de1e241cb1ca539a9f2

Covid and reverse discrimination

pearlier in the pandemic you might have had various theories about who was most likely to infect you who was most likely not to be vaccinatedboosted or who was most likely to have been going around without proper mask precautions  perhaps you went to some greater lengths either large or small to avoid those people or to take greater precautions around them  today at least in most of the united states we have entered the funny reverse discrimination phase of the pandemic  the higher status the person the more you should beware  in the last few weeks some of the higher status people i know have come down with covid they are all fine to be clear and at emmuchem higher rates than people i know were getting covid beforep pso behave accordingly have a beer with your garbage collector and i suspect this moment wont last but another week or twop pthe post a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202205covidandreversediscriminationhtmlcovid and reverse discriminationa appeared first on a relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap

pearlier pandemic theories likely infect likely vaccinatedboosted likely going proper mask precautions went greater lengths large small avoid people greater precautions today united states entered funny reverse discrimination phase pandemic higher status person beware weeks higher status people know come covid fine clear emmuchem higher rates people know getting covid beforep pso behave accordingly beer garbage collector suspect moment wont week twop pthe post relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginalrevolution202205covidandreversediscriminationhtmlcovid reverse discriminationa appeared relnofollow hrefhttpmarginalrevolutioncommarginal revolutionap