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69540736

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandidos%20MC%20criminal%20allegations%20and%20incidents%20in%20Denmark

Bandidos MC criminal allegations and incidents in Denmark

The Bandidos Motorcycle Club is classified as a motorcycle gang by law enforcement and intelligence agencies in numerous countries. While the club has denied being a criminal organization, Bandidos members have been convicted of partaking in criminal enterprises including theft, extortion, prostitution, drug trafficking and murder in various host nations. According to the National Center of Investigation, the Danish Bandidos are involved in a wide range of crimes, including drug dealing, extortion, fraud, tax evasion, robbery, weapons trafficking, money laundering, the sale of stolen goods, and violent crimes. The Bandidos have ten chapters and approximately one-hundred-and-fifty members in Denmark, and have traditionally recruited members of Danish ethnicity, although this has changed somewhat in recent years. The club has links to the Turkish mafia in Denmark. Nordic Biker War The forerunner to the Bandidos in Denmark was the Morticians, a club founded in 1984. The Morticians were initially a support club of the Hells Angels but by 1988, both groups had transformed from motorcycle enthusiasts and small-time criminals into more sophisticated criminal organizations, and disputes between the groups led to a feud. After merging with other clubs rejected by or opposed to the Hells Angels, the Morticians rebranded as the Undertakers, establishing two chapters; "Northland" (based in Stenløse) and "East Coast" (in Hørsholm). In 1992, the Undertakers contacted Bandidos leadership in the United States and France – where the club's only European chapter at that point was based – seeking membership. After serving as prospective members for a short time, the Undertakers were patched over by the Bandidos on 17 December 1993. In August 1995, the Bandidos' "Northland" chapter became the club's head chapter in Europe. Between 1994 and 1997, there were at least 36 break-ins at Danish and Swedish Army installations; at least 16 Bofors anti-tank missiles, 10 machine guns, around 300 handguns, 67 fully automatic rifles, 205 rifles of various calibres, hundreds of hand grenades and land mines, and 17 kilograms of explosives plus detonators were stolen. Police believe the Bandidos or their support clubs were responsible for the majority of the thefts. A turf war that began in January 1994 between the Morbids Motorcycle Club and the Hells Angels in southern Sweden would later escalate into what would be known as the Nordic Biker War when the Morbids aligned with the Bandidos, sparking a three-year-long gang war between the clubs for control over the drug trade in the Nordic countries. After incidents in Sweden, Finland and Norway, the war reached Denmark on 26 December 1995 when between five and ten Bandidos members attacked and severely beat two Hells Angels at a restaurant in Copenhagen. On 10 March 1996, six Hells Angels ambushed and shot a group of Bandidos at Kastrup Airport in Copenhagen, killing Bandidos "Southside" chapter president Uffe Larsen and wounding another member, a prospect and a hangaround. Six Hells Angels members and associates were convicted in connection and sentenced to a total of fifty-three years in prison, and one was given a life sentence. On 17 April 1996, the Hells Angels "South" chapter clubhouse in Snoldelev was hit with an anti-tank missile; the fourteen members inside were able to avoid serious injury. Morten "Træben" ("Wooden Leg") Christiansen, the imprisoned vice president of Bandidos "Southside" chapter, was left in critical condition with shrapnel wounds and burns when assailants broke into Horserød State Prison and threw a hand grenade through his cell window which exploded under his bunk on 26 April 1996. Hells Angels Copenhagen member Brian "Bremse" Paludan Jacobsen lost a leg and two associates were also wounded when two grenades were thrown in front of his home from a moving car in Brønshøj on 7 May 1996. Bandidos member Jim Verner was found dead on 10 July 1996 in Nykøbing Falster. A bomb weighing half a kilo was found underneath his car nearby and defused by an explosive ordnance disposal unit. On 21 July 1996, a six-kilogram remote-controlled bomb hidden in a sports bag and placed in front of the Hells Angels' clubhouse in Ydre Nørrebro, Copenhagen failed to explode when the radio-controlled trigger malfunctioned, potentially saving the lives of four Hells Angels bikers in the building as well as residents of the street. The device was later detonated by police. The fingerprints of Jacob "Hip Hop" Andersen, a member of the Bandidos chapter in Dalby, were found on the sports bag by police technicians. He was sentenced to three-and-a-half years in prison in 1997. On 25 July 1996, Jørn "Jønke" Nielsen, a founding member of the Hells Angels' Copenhagen chapter, was subjected to a murder attempt while sleeping in his cell at Jyderup State Prison. Two-to-four men infiltrated the prison and, after failing to gain access to Nielsen's locked cell, fired over twenty rounds from an automatic weapon through the cell window, shooting Nielsen twice in the abdomen and once in the arm. On 5 August 1996, a civilian was shot in a drive-by shooting in Greve; police believe the victim was mistaken for a Hells Angels member living in the same building. An associate of the Bandidos "Southside" chapter was wounded after being shot in his car as he left the clubhouse near Haslev on 14 August 1996. On 4 September 1996, a bomb planted on the car of a Hells Angels member exploded after falling from the vehicle in a parking lot; the bomb detonated three meters away, damaging several cars but causing no injuries. On 12 September 1996, a car bomb exploded outside a Hells Angels clubhouse situated in a residential neighborhood of Roskilde, causing extensive damage but no injuries. The location was attacked again in the early hours of 22 September 1996, with over two-hundred-and-fifty machine gun rounds fired at the building from an adjacent football pitch, wounding one Hells Angels member. On 6 October 1996, the Hells Angels were holding their annual "Viking Party", attended by around one-hundred-and-fifty people, at their fortified compound in Copenhagen when the building was struck by a rocket-propelled grenade from a Carl Gustaf M3 84 mm recoilless anti-tank rifle, which had been stolen from a Swedish Army depot during a burglary on 19 February 1994. Hells Angels prospect Louis Linde Nielsen and Janne Krohn, a twenty-nine-year-old woman who resided in the neighborhood and accepted an invitation to the event, were killed. Among the fifteen injured was Hells Angels Denmark national president Christian Middelboe. Bandidos prospect Niels Poulsen was convicted of carrying out the attack in March 1998 and sentenced to life imprisonment. Bandidos and Hells Angels were involved in a shootout outside a Copenhagen restaurant on 1 December 1996; no one was injured. Two members of the Bandidos came under gunfire while trapped in a private yard in Valby, Copenhagen on 5 December 1996; one biker was injured. On 9 December 1996, a member of the Bandidos' Aalborg chapter survived being shot ten times as he waited in his car. Hells Angels member Kim Thrysøe Svendsen was shot and killed while driving in Vejgaard, Aalborg when unknown perpetrators fired three rounds at his car on 10 January 1997. Around 500 Hells Angels bikers from across Europe and the United States attended Svendsen's funeral. Several members of the Bandidos were charged with the killing, but due to lack of evidence, the prosecution had to give up the case, after which the suspects were released. The murder remains unsolved. On 2 February 1997, a prominent Bandidos member remanded in a detention center in Køge survived an attempt on his life when an anti-tank missile fired at his cell failed to explode. Another Bandidos member survived a murder attempt the following day on Amager after being shot while walking to his car. The shooting took place near a kindergarten. The Hells Angels again attempted to kill a jailed rival by firing an anti-tank missile into a police cellblock in Holbæk on 18 February 1997, destroying two cells but leaving a Bandido and another inmate unhurt. On 1 April 1997, a Hells Angels associate was wounded by a shot from a 9mm pistol, fired at him from another car as he waited at a stop light in Frederiksberg, Copenhagen. Later that day, two men were arrested on suspicion of perpetrating the shooting; one of the men was a Bandidos member. On 1 May 1997, an attempt was made on the life of a Bandidos member being held at Vestre Prison; an electric razor given to him containing ninety-five grams of explosives would have exploded had it been plugged in, but the device was suspected and seized by prison authorities before it was used. Three more attempted murders were carried out against Bandidos members in Denmark that month; one was shot in Køge and another had a Molotov cocktail thrown at his apartment in Copenhagen, while three men associated with the club were shot in Aalborg. On 7 June 1997, four Bandidos members were shot outside a restaurant in Liseleje; Bjørn Gudmandsen was killed and three were wounded. Hells Angels member Vagn Smidt was convicted of the murder and three attempted murders, and sentenced to life in prison on 20 November 1998. The final incident in the biker war took place on 11 June 1997 when a Bandidos clubhouse in Dalby was attacked with a hand grenade. The war formally ended on 25 September 1997 when Bandidos Europe president Jim Tinndahn and his Hells Angels counterpart Bent "Blondie" Svane Nielsen announced that they had signed a peace agreement and shook hands in front of Danish television news cameras. As part of the truce, the clubs agreed to cease expansion in the Nordic countries and to divide territories of criminal activity. Although terms of the agreement have since been broken by both sides, the Bandidos and Hells Angels have largely been able to avoid conflict. Subsequent conflicts with the Hells Angels Claus Bork Hansen, a former senior member of the Bandidos who was expelled from the club and later aligned himself with the Hells Angels, was killed after being shot twenty-six times as he returned home from restaurant with his girlfriend in Vanløse, Copenhagen on 21 March 2001. He had previously been warned by police that he was on the Bandidos' hit list and was offered protection, which he refused. Four Bandidos members were charged with his murder; Jens Christian Thorup was found guilty of killing Hansen on 11 April 2002, while Kent "Kemo" Sørensen, Karl Martin Thorup and Peter Buch Rosenberg were cleared. Thorup was initially sentenced to life in prison but his sentence was reduced to sixteen years on 15 January 2003. Hansen had made a pact with his close friend and fellow Bandidos member Mickey Borgfjord Larsen, where they mutually promised to take revenge in the event of the other's murder. Larsen threatened the lives of several high-ranking Bandidos following Hansen's death and was subsequently killed himself in a car bombing in Glostrup on 17 September 2003. Bandidos members Jacob "Hip Hop" Andersen and Lennart Elkjær Christensen were convicted of murdering Larsen and were sentenced to life in prison on 13 June 2005. Their sentences were reduced to sixteen years on 6 January 2006. Bandidos associate Flemming Jensen was beaten and stabbed to death by Hells Angels members in a tavern in Aalborg on 12 August 2001. Hells Angels prospect Jesper Østenkær Kristoffersen confessed to stabbing Jensen eight times and was sentenced to six years in prison for manslaughter on 7 February 2002, while Jørn "Jønke" Nielsen was sentenced to four years on 18 September 2002 for aggravated assault resulting in death as witnesses claimed that he had kicked and stomped on Jensen. Renewed tensions between the Bandidos and Hells Angels resulted in an outbreak of violence in September 2012. After two stabbings and an attempted hit-and-run, a seventeen-ton unmanned truck with a brick on the accelerator ploughed into a property used by the Bandidos on Amager on 18 September 2012. Police suspect the incident was carried out by the Hells Angels support group AK81. The following day, a hundred bikers – including Bandidos Europe president Michael "The Chef" Rosenvold – were arrested as police raided eighteen locations across Zealand in an attempt to assert control ahead of a what they believed to be an imminent gang war. Guns, knives, axes, drugs and anabolic steroids were also seized in the raids. Drug trafficking On 15 November 2002, Bandidos prospect Stig Bartholdy was sentenced to fourteen years in prison at the High Court of Western Denmark for attempting to smuggle cocaine and hashish from the Netherlands to Denmark, and for producing counterfeit money. Nine men and one woman were sentenced to a total of ninety years in prison in a comprehensive narcotics case for smuggling amphetamine, MDMA, hashish and cocaine. Bandidos member Thomas Brian Jensen was sentenced to seven years and six months in prison on 16 November 2011 after he pleaded guilty to selling two kilograms of amphetamine and 300 grams of cocaine, and for possessing two guns with ammunition at his residence in Haslev when he was arrested on 29 June 2011. Conflicts with other gangs The Bandidos and Hells Angels remained the leading criminal organizations in Denmark until law enforcement efforts against motorcycle gangs allowed numerous upstart immigrant gangs – such as Black Army, Black Cobra, Bloodz, Brothas and Loyal to Familia (LTF) – to seize control of markets and territories previously dominated by the bikers. In addition to street gangs, newly arrived motorcycle gangs also challenged the Bandidos' and Angels' control of the biker scene. In 2013, the Dutch club Satudarah opened a chapter in Bagsværd. This was then followed by the influx of three German groups; Black Jackets, Gremium and United Tribuns. Police have speculated that the Dutch and German gangs expanded into Denmark to enter the country's criminal market, and that the Bandidos and Hells Angels initially permitted this encroachment on their territory as they wanted to avoid a turf war which would draw police attention to their illegal activities. According to a report by Politiken in 2016, there were at least ten major gangs active in Denmark. That same year, the Rigspolitiet stated that there were a total of ninety-six gangs in the country. Black Cobra A war between the Bandidos and the Black Cobra gang erupted in Køge after Oruc Türkoglu, a leading Black Cobra figure in the city, was wounded in a stabbing by Bandidos members on 29 January 2013. A few days later, shots were fired at the home of another Black Cobra member southwest of Copenhagen, although no one was injured. In the early hours of 6 February 2013, a prospective Bandidos member was shot in the knee after being attacked by three Black Cobra members at his home in Herfølge. Later that day, a tattoo parlor in Køge associated with the Bandidos was riddled with gunfire by two young men on a moped. A fifteen-year-old Black Cobra member was charged with attempted murder after police raided twenty-three properties and recovered two firearms during a crackdown on the gang environment on 28 February 2013. A truce was reached and the conflict was brought to an end after four representatives from each gang met on 29 March 2013. Brothas Bandidos sergeant-at-arms Peter Buch Rosenberg and another club member, Michael Fuhlendorff, were convicted of weapons possession after police discovered two loaded guns, a silencer, binoculars and other equipment at a cottage in Dronningmølle where Rosenberg was living, protected by two bodyguards, during a conflict with the Brothas Souljaz gang. The find came shortly after gunshots had been fired at a Bandidos clubhouse in Hvidovre in March 2013. At the High Court of Eastern Denmark in March 2014, Rosenberg was sentenced to one year and six months' imprisonment and Fuhlendorff was sentenced to two years and nine months', which included a sentence for additional crimes. Westside Nation and Satudarah In July 2013, a conflict erupted between the Bandidos and the Westside Nation, a breakaway group of former members of the club's "Westside" chapter in Næstved who defected following a dispute over the club's national leadership. Although no one has been charged for the crimes, it is believed that the Westside Nation was responsible for a number of arson attacks that took place in the autumn of that year, including a Molotov cocktail attack on a tattoo parlor owned by a Bandidos member in Rødovre on 3 October 2013 and the burning of a commercial property in Kvistgård on 20 November 2013. A Westside Nation figure was assaulted and stabbed in his home in Næstved in November 2013. On 9 December 2013, Edin Fakic, the brother of a Westside Nation member, was shot and killed with a machine gun in his Næstved apartment after being mistaken for his gang member sibling Nermin Fakic. Bandidos member Martin David Larsen was convicted of the murder in December 2015, although his accomplices in the killing were never identified. The Westside Nation disbanded in 2014, with some members returning to the Bandidos and others patching over to Satudarah, forming the core of the club's Copenhagen chapter. This resulted in the beginning of a gang war between the Bandidos and Satudarah. Three shootings involving Bandidos and Satudarah took place in Næstved between 23 September and 4 October 2016, leaving three men wounded. Two teenaged Bandidos associates were convicted of attempted murder for the 23 September 2016 shooting of a Satudarah member and were sentenced to eight and nine years in prison in May 2018. Further shootings took place on 12 and 13 October 2016, with two homes being shot at. Police believe the shootings are related to a conflict over control of the town's drug market. Two Bandidos members were stabbed after a mass brawl with Satudarah members broke out at a boxing event in Herlev on 27 October 2017. An upsurge in violence ensued in the following days. On 29 October 2017, two shots were fired through the window of the home of a Bandidos member in Nørre Alslev, and a Bandidos member was assaulted by six men in Søborg the following day. The brother of a Satudarah member was tracked down and beaten shortly after. Attacks with Molotov cocktails and firearms were carried out on Bandidos clubouses in Køge and Hvidovre on 31 October and 2 November 2017, respectively. On 4 November 2017, a car was burned at Satudarah's clubhouse in Egedal. On 29 March 2019, Bandidos prospect Jim-Bo Poulsen was convicted of the attempted murder of a hashish dealer and Satudarah member who was shot six times in Næstved on 13 November 2017. Another prospect, Kenneth Bech Simonsen, was acquitted of taking part in the shooting but convicted of unlawful possession of a weapon. In September 2019, Bandidos "Westside" chapter president Kristian "Biggie" Beck Hansen was sentenced to eleven-and-a-half years in prison for organizing the attempted murder. Hansen had previously been sentenced on 29 March 2019 to two-and-a-half years in prison for trafficking seventy-five kilograms of hash. In February 2020, Hansen was acquitted of the attempted murder after an appeal. Poulsen's sentence was also reduced from twelve years from eight. Denmark's three dominant motorcycle gangs – the Bandidos, Hells Angels and Satudarah – reportedly entered into an agreement to counteract disputes in June 2019. One rule of the agreement states that the clubs must avoid recruiting former members of one another as this has been a frequent cause of conflicts. The agreement was made after membership of the LTF street gang was made illegal by authorities, and the bikers became concerned that they could be targeted with similar legislation. Black Army Beginning in 2014, a feud involving the Bandidos and the Black Army resulted in numerous shootings and assaults in Næstved, where both gangs have clubhouses. Arising from a dispute over the hash market in Næstved, the conflict commenced on 4 October 2014 when a shot was fired at the president of the Bandidos "Westside" chapter through a window in his home. Two people were convicted for the act. After several clashes during the spring and summer of 2015, the rival groups attempted to settle the dispute during a meeting at a restaurant in the city on 4 September 2015, in which leaders from both factions participated. After a period of peace, the conflict briefly flared up again in December 2015. On 27 December 2015, five Black Army members were chased into a police station after being shot at following a confrontation with Bandidos bikers. The following day, Black Army members attacked Bandidos with pepper spray. The Black Army shot six rounds at the Bandidos' clubhouse in the early morning of 30 December 2015, and the Bandidos responded by firing five shots at the Black Army clubhouse in the early evening hours of 1 January 2016. Due to the risk posed to ordinary citizens of Næstved by the gang war, South Zealand and Lolland-Falster Police decided to prohibit access to the clubhouses of both groups for a two-week period beginning 2 January 2016, a ban made possible by the Rockerloven, an anti-gang law passed during the Nordic Biker War in 1996. Loyal to Familia An attack on a man in the Vapnagård housing estate in Helsingør on 30 June 2015 was linked to a conflict between the Bandidos and the immigrant gang LTF. The victim, an immigrant, was airlifted to Rigshospitalet. The following week, on 6 July 2015, shots were fired at the Bandidos' clubhouse in the town. The building was hit, although no one was injured. Vanløse Group A Bandidos member holding the rank of krigsminister (“minister for war”) within the club was convicted of the 11 November 2015 triple murder of Philip Rasmussen, Suhaib Jaffar, and Mike Patrick Winther, members of a gang known as the Vanløse Group who were killed with a revolver and a shotgun as they slept in their apartment in Frederiksberg, Copenhagen. Two non-club members were also convicted as accomplices to the crime; one was found guilty of accessory to murder, and the other of possessing firearms. The trio were convicted in May 2017. A fourth man, also a Bandidos member accused of taking part in the murders, committed suicide in custody in June 2016. According to the court transcripts, the murders were a culmination of a conflict between a member of the Bandidos and the victims that may have taken place weeks before. Gremium The Bandidos have also been involved in a turf war with Gremium in North Zealand after Gremium opened a chapter in the traditional Bandidos stronghold of Helsinge on 3 February 2017 by patching-over the Local BrotherHood (LBH) gang. In June 2017, a man associated with Gremium was convicted of assaulting a Bandidos associate in the Skærød area of Helsinge on 2 April 2017. In May 2017, a police operation led to the arrests of twenty-one people after two groups of gang members from Bandidos and Gremium clashed in the town. A senior Gremium member survived a shooting attempt in Helsinge in November 2017. In May 2018, two men associated with the Bandidos were sentenced to prison after being convicted of a hit-and-run on a Gremium member that took place in November 2017. Other incidents On 21 June 2002, two Bandidos members – Jacob Daniel Winefeld and Robin Nielsen – committed a particularly serious bank robbery against a Nordea branch in Ålsgårde. Michael Pichard, a bystander who tried to stop the robbery by overturning the robbers' motorcycle and blocking the bank entrance with his car to prevent them from fleeing, was shot and killed by Winefeld. On 2 October 2003, Winefeld and Nielsen were sentenced to sixteen years in prison for the robbery and the murder of Michael Pichard. Nyborg State Prison inspector Jens Tolstrup was assaulted in the garden of his residence in Nyborg by two men armed with baseball bats on 6 November 2002. Tolstrup left his role as prison inspector in November 2003. On 12 February 2004, there was an attempted hit-and-run on a prison official outside the prison. Two months later, three men associated with the Bandidos were arrested and charged with both assaults. On 13 October 2005, club hangarounds Mikael Sartil and Rasmus Vanman Munk Jensen were convicted of the assault on Tolstrup and the attempted assault. Michael Kenneth Pedersen, vice-president of the Hillerød Bandidos chapter, was acquitted of planning Tolstrup's attack but was found guilty of the attempted assault. Sartil, Jensen and Pedersen were sentenced to nine, eight and six years in prison, respectively. Former Bandidos member Jan "Clark" Jensen, who had previously been a member of the Roskilde Hells Angels chapter before joining the Bandidos in Helsingborg, Sweden during the 1990s, disappeared in December 2011 and his burnt-out car was found in a wooded area in the Copenhagen suburb of Albertslund. No arrests have been made in the case, although police believe that he was murdered. Jensen had resigned from the Bandidos but still continued to be part of the environment around the club on south Zealand. Nicolas Nielsen, a member of the Holbæk Bandidos chapter, was sentenced on 17 September 2020 to three years and six months in prison after being convicted of aggravated assault for an attack on a man at a property near Gørlev in September 2019, which left the victim with several facial injuries, a skull fracture and several other injuries. References Criminal allegations and incidents in Denmark Organised crime groups in Denmark

69542156

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part%20for%20a%20Poisoner

Part for a Poisoner

Part for a Poisoner is a 1948 detective novel by E.C.R. Lorac, the pen name of the British writer Edith Caroline Rivett. It is the thirty first in her long-running series featuring Chief Inspector MacDonald of Scotland Yard, one of the more conventional detectives of the Golden Age of Detective Fiction who relies on standard police procedure to solve his cases.. It was published in the United States by Doubleday under the alternative title of Place for a Poisoner. Synopsis A wealthy old man is apparently dying, with numerous expectant relatives. However his growing affection for the attractive nurse caring for him leads him to propose marriage to her. His health recovers and his relatives are despondent. Which makes it all the more suspicious when he dies shortly before the marriage. References Bibliography Cooper, John & Pike, B.A. Artists in Crime: An Illustrated Survey of Crime Fiction First Edition Dustwrappers, 1920-1970. Scolar Press, 1995. Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980: A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland Publishing, 1984. Nichols, Victoria & Thompson, Susan. Silk Stalkings: More Women Write of Murder. Scarecrow Press, 1998. Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015. 1948 British novels British mystery novels Novels by E.C.R. Lorac Novels set in England British detective novels Collins Crime Club books

69543777

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prawo%20Jazdy%20%28alleged%20criminal%29

Prawo Jazdy (alleged criminal)

"Prawo Jazdy" was a supposed Polish national who was listed by the Garda Síochána, the national police service of the Republic of Ireland, in a police criminal database as having committed more than 50 traffic violations in Ireland. A 2007 memorandum stated that an investigation revealed () to be Polish for 'driving licence', with the error arising due to officers mistaking the phrase, printed on Polish driving licences, to be a personal name while issuing traffic tickets. Criminal database listing "Prawo Jazdy" was an alleged Polish criminal supposedly active in the Republic of Ireland. The name was listed on PULSE, a computer system used by the Gardaí, with at least 50 traffic violations, including speeding and parking violations, recorded across the country, but there were suspicious aspects such as each incident being associated with a different address. "Prawo Jazdy" was also listed as a name on the Fixed Charge Processing System (FCPS). An investigation was launched into whom the Gardaí considered to be Ireland's worst traffic violator. Memorandum An internal Garda memorandum in June 2007 revealed that, upon consultation with an online Polish–English bilingual dictionary, was not a personal name, but instead the Polish term for 'driving licence', misidentified by Garda officers as the traffic violator's name due to the phrase being printed at the top right-hand corner of Polish driving licences (with the licensee's name and personal details printed beneath in a smaller font size). The error became public knowledge in February 2009. Aftermath The Gardaí received the satirical Ig Nobel Prize in literature in 2009 for the mistake, but did not attend the award ceremony. The prize was accepted by , a Polish national who had received a traffic violation in Ireland. The situation was a source of embarrassment for the Gardaí. It generated discussion on issues such as cultural ignorance or institutional racism within the Gardaí as a result of changing ethnic demographics in Ireland due to immigration from other European Union member states. In 2013, a common format for driving licences was implemented for all newly issued documents across the European Economic Area (EEA), of which both Ireland and Poland are part. See also Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland Humour in translation Lieutenant Kijé Phantom of Heilbronn References External links Law enforcement in the Republic of Ireland Garda Síochána Fictional Polish people Fictional criminals Nonexistent people Error

69543903

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death%20Before%20Dinner

Death Before Dinner

Death Before Dinner is a 1948 detective novel by E.C.R. Lorac, the pen name of the British writer Edith Caroline Rivett. It is the thirtieth in her long-running series featuring Chief Inspector MacDonald of Scotland Yard, one of the detectives of the Golden Age of Detective Fiction who relies on standard police procedure to solve his cases.. It was published in the United States by Doubleday under the alternative title of A Screen for Murder. Synopsis Eight famous explorers and travellers are invited to a London restaurant for the award of the Marco Polo award. The evening ends with the murder of their host, the adventurer Elias Trowne. References Bibliography Cooper, John & Pike, B.A. Artists in Crime: An Illustrated Survey of Crime Fiction First Edition Dustwrappers, 1920-1970. Scolar Press, 1995. Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980: A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland Publishing, 1984. Nichols, Victoria & Thompson, Susan. Silk Stalkings: More Women Write of Murder. Scarecrow Press, 1998. Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015. 1948 British novels British mystery novels Novels by E.C.R. Lorac Novels set in London British detective novels Collins Crime Club books

69543945

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine%20Omanyo

Catherine Omanyo

Catherine Nakhabi Omanyo (born c. 1978) is a Kenyan politician. She founded the school International School for Champions in Nairobi, although the school is now in Busia close to the border with Uganda. Life Omanyo was born in Busia around 1978. Her father died when she was fourteen, and her mother refused to become the wife of her husband's brother as was the custom. Her husband's family saw this as an insult and her mother had to manage without them. Omanyo was the fourth of ten children and she was very keen to get an education but her mother could not afford the school fees. Omanyo would sneak into classes to listen to the teacher, but when she was discovered she would be punished and ejected. Omanyo was shocked that children in Nairobi were idle because they could not afford lessons, so she decided to teach two of them where she was working as a nanny. The idea was well-received and before long she had about 50 pupils. She was surprised that the authorities did not appreciate her efforts when the police arrived and she was threatened with prosecution for running an unlicensed school. She was able to negotiate a fortnight's reprieve and during that time she was able to gain legitimate paperwork. The paperwork released her from prosecution but she was now officially responsible for a school which she initially called the Impreza School. The school started in Nairobi in 2001. In 2006 Omanyo started a fumigation campaign to get rid of jigger fleas. The campaign led to hundreds of homes being treated, but in 2007 conflict broke out in Nairobi and she had to close the school building and move. She left with a few teachers and thirty children who could not be left behind as the school was their only hope. The lorry driver who took them away was murdered by a mob on his return. Omanyo reformed the school in Busia and the age range was increased as she was given another school to run by another charity. Later, Omanyo took two weeks of her time to visit Teignmouth in Devon in 2009 so that she could thank the people of the area for the support they give the school. She met many of the school's supporters and she was surprised to observe so few thin people in Devon, until she realised that the supply of food was rarely a problem there as it was in Kenya. In 2017 she had her third attempt to be elected a member of parliament. Only a small number of women are elected despite a law that requires a gender balance better than two-thirds. In the following year she was one of many who protested when President Kenyatta proposed that all of the Cabinet Sectraries he appointed should be men. In 2021 Omanyo's school was chosen as one of the top four choices for giving to improve Education in an article in the New York Times. The author, Peter Coy, recommended the Wikimedia Foundation, the Khan Academy, Children International, and Omanyo and her school. Coy chose Omanyo because he had previously given to the school. Support The school enjoys support from people in England and in America. A 16-year-old English girl, Sarah Hulme, of Torquay Girls' Grammar School visited the school and when she returned to Britain she started to raise funds. The charity was founded a year after. Others including the headteacher became involved and the town raises £475 each week to support the school. The school has received funding from the UK Government's Department for International Development to cover the costs of teachers and an exchange scheme for nine teachers. Private life Omanyo is married to Daniel, an American-born pastor. References 1970s births Living people Year of birth uncertain People from Busia County Kenyan politicians School founders

69544557

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonda%20Sahla

Fonda Sahla

Fonda Sahla (born 29 May 1979) is a Dutch politician of the social liberal party Democrats 66 (D66). She has served as a member of the House of Representatives since October 2021, initially as the temporary replacement of Rens Raemakers but later as the successor of Rob Jetten. Sahla's involvement in her local community led her to become politically active. She was elected to The Hague's municipal council in 2018 and participated in the March 2021 general election but was not directly elected. Early life and education Sahla was born in 1979 in The Hague. She has seven siblings, and her parents had immigrated to the Netherlands from Morocco as guest workers. Sahla initially grew up in its Rivierenbuurt but moved to Transvaal at age seven. She went to an mbo school, which would later become ROC Mondriaan. Community work and politics She became involved in her community because of her experiences in education with her oldest son. Sahla came under the impression that her son was not given the same opportunities as children on primary schools with less immigrants. She joined the parent council of primary school Het Galjoen around 2008 as well as the council of the umbrella organization consisting of about 50 schools. She sent a critical letter to Ingrid van Engelshoven, The Hague's alderwoman for education and a D66 member, in 2013, and this contact resulted in Sahla deciding to become politically active. In 2016, she was one of the founders of the weekend school Transvaal Universiteit at Het Galjoen. She also helped set up other neighborhood projects such as a group of mothers and office hours with the local police officer and with mental healthcare professionals, and she served as porch music project leader at the Residentie Orchestra starting in 2019. Sahla first appeared on the ballot in the 2018 municipal elections as D66's fifth candidate in The Hague. She was elected to the city's municipal council and became D66's spokesperson for education, youth, and neighborhoods. She successfully called for an investigation into the availability of study spaces for students, saying that she had heard of students leaving the city in the weekends to look for a place to study. She also pled for special education classes in regular schools and for addressing loneliness among youth. In 2020, Sahla received the annual inspiration award from D66's Els Borst Netwerk. She has also served on the board of the chapter of The Hague of that organization, which promotes gender equality within the party. During the COVID-19 pandemic, she proposed to expand summer education in order to solve learning losses caused by school closures. Her plan passed the municipal council. Sahla ran for member of parliament (MP) in the March 2021 general election, being placed 27th on D66's party list. She received 3,087 preference votes, and her party won 24 seats – not enough for Sahla to be elected. She became the temporary replacement of MP Rens Raemakers when he went on sick leave in October 2021. Sahla was sworn in on 27 October and received support from former VVD leader Frits Bolkestein, who had been a guest teacher at Transvaal Universiteit. She became the second hijab-wearing member of the House of Representatives in Dutch parliamentary history after Kauthar Bouchallikht. Sahla simultaneously vacated her seat in the municipal council. Her focus in the Housewas on youth care services, youth crime, youth protection, and the Participation Act, and she became a member of the Petitions Committee and the Committees for Health, Welfare and Sport and for Justice and Security. Sahla became a permanent member of parliament on 18 January 2022 before Raemakers returned from his sick leave, when Rob Jetten left the body to become a minister in the new fourth Rutte cabinet. Her specialties changed to youth care, preschool, long-term healthcare, and caregiving. Sahla was supposed to be D66's sixth candidate in The Hague in the 2022 municipal elections, but decided to be one of her party's after her House membership had become permanent. Personal life Sahla is married and has three children. She is a resident of The Hague's neighborhood Transvaal. Her sister, Soumaya Shala, received media attention during Fonda's House term after Geert Wilders, an anti-Islam politician, pointed out her former membership of the terrorist Hofstad Network. The reports led her to stop her activities for the VVD. References Living people 1979 births Municipal councillors of The Hague Members of the House of Representatives (Netherlands) 21st-century Dutch politicians 21st-century Dutch women politicians Democrats 66 politicians Dutch people of Moroccan descent

69545255

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susanne%20Gemeinhardt-Seitz

Susanne Gemeinhardt-Seitz

Susanne Gemeinhardt-Seitz is a German alternative practitioner and right-wing extremist. Life Susanne Gemeinhardt-Seitz lives in the district of Nürnberger Land and ran a practice as a alternative practitioner and physiotherapist. She is the mother of two children. Gemeinhardt-Seitz initially active in the Nürnberg chapter of Gremium MC. Later she became a member of the right-wing extremist party Der III. Weg. There she was involved as a steward at Political demonstrations and in what is known as the prisoner's aid, which looks after right-wing offenders in prison. Because of this work, she came into contact with the NSU helpers Ralf Wohlleben and André Eminger, with whom she exchanged ideas intensively and whom she later visited privately. With the chairman of the "Der II. Weg" Klaus Armstroff, she is said to have been to a shooting training session in the Czech Republic in summer 2020. In the later trial against her in 2021, the close relationship between her and Klaus Armstroff emerged. After a house search of her in March 2020, he wrote a letter to "Dear Susanne" and asked her to leave the party for tactical reasons. On September 7, 2020, she was arrested by police agents after she had previously gone underground. When she was arrested, petrol, gas cartridges, fuses, a bullet-proof vest and other material for an arson attack were found in her car. At her house police found literature on the use of explosives. Trial The Public Prosecutor's General had taken on the case, becaue of crime against the state constitution. At the end of April 2021, the trial of Susanne Gemeinhardt-Seitz was opened at the Munich Higher Regional Court (Oberlandesgericht München) on charges of a serious criminal offense that could endanger the state. She was charged in the indictment to had sent a series of threatening letters to Bavarian local politicians, some with live cartridges. She is also said to have made threatening phone calls. At the end of January 2020, letters reached Frank Pitterlein, CSU politician and mayor of Schnaittach, the mosque community in Röthenbach and the district administrator of the Nürnberger Land district, Armin Kroder (FW). Kroder received an envelope with the text "Armin Kroder, friend of Jews and foreigners, shot on the terrace. We'll get you all!" This is understood as an allusion to the murder of the CDU politician Walter Lübcke in Hesse in 2019. According to the police, she observed police officers and researched prayer times in mosques. The police assumed that they were about to commit a serious attack. She was defended by the right-wing advocate Wolfram Nahrath. In his closing argument, Nahrath referred extensively to Adolf Hitler and Joseph Goebbels He declared "that the National Socialist Party forbade all illegality." (Süddeutsche Zeitung), because of that, the nationalistSusanne Gemeinhardt-Seitz could not beguilty. The defense pleaded not guilty. The court's verdict followed in July 2021: She was sentenced to six years in prison. Literature Documentary film of Bayrischer Rundfunk: In their sights - neo-Nazis are planning the overthrow. October 28, 2021 References 1964 births 21st-century German criminals German neo-Nazis Living people People imprisoned on charges of terrorism Terrorism in Germany People convicted on terrorism charges Criminals from Bavaria

69545633

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene%20McWatters

Eugene McWatters

Eugene Wayman McWatters Jr. (born June 28, 1978), known as The Salerno Strangler, is an American serial killer and rapist who murdered three homeless women in Port Salerno, Florida from March to May 2004. He was convicted and sentenced to death, but in 2014 his sentence was commuted to life imprisonment on a technicality. He is currently incarcerated at Taylor Correctional Institution in Perry, Florida. Biography McWatters was born on June 28, 1978. Little is known about his childhood, but after dropping out of high school due to a drug habit, he struggled to find a job and engaged in low skilled labor for work. In January 1998, McWatters was arrested on charges of aggravated battery on a teenage boy. He pleaded no contest to the crime, for which he was convicted and served seven months in prison before being released on probation. McWatters was arrested once again in 2001, after injuring his girlfriend's father with a gun, but he only served three months for violating his probation. In February of the following year, he was arrested for assaulting his landlord's son, but the charge was dropped after a lack of evidence was put forward. In November, he was again apprehended by authorities for robbing a man and stealing his necklace, but after the alleged victim refused to cooperate and later left the country, the charge was dropped. Nine months later in August 2003, McWatters was again arrested after he was caught robbing a woman’s car, but he was later released after the victim did not cooperate with police. Murders On December 15, 2003, McWatters raped a homeless woman at a campsite in Golden Gate. The victim did not report the attack to police. On March 24, 2004 McWatters raped another woman, 43-year-old Jackie Bradley. During the attack, McWatters choked and strangled Bradley to death. He took her body and dumped in a ditch filled with shallow water, where he attempted to bury it underneath a pile of rocks. On March 31, a jogger discovered the body. During the subsequent investigation, McWatters became someone of interest, as he was identified as the man last seen with her, but police didn't seek to question him. On May 31, McWatters picked up 29-year-old Christal Wiggins, a prostitute. He subsequently strangled her to death, and later dumped her body in a pile of brush. Hours later, McWatters struck again, this time the victim was 18-year-old Carrie Ann Caughey, who McWatters proceeded to strangle and cover up her body with a pile of branches, but accidentally tripped and broke his foot. Four days later, Caughey's body was discovered by a group of passersby. By the time Caughey's body was found, she was assumed to have been killed by the same person who murdered Bradley. On June 7, the body of Wiggins was discovered, and she too was connected to the string of murders. During the investigation, detectives found out that McWatters was treated at a hospital after breaking his foot. By this time, the woman who was raped by McWatters in 2003 came forward, and she subsequently identified him in a photo-line up, and he was arrested the next day, and he confessed to all the murders, but later recanted. Trials and imprisonment The trial began in September 2006. Prosecutors claimed that McWatters was a calculating killer, who lured in his victims with promises of drugs and alcohol, and that he remembered everything. McWatters’ attorneys claimed that McWatters only confessed because he enjoyed attention, but that he didn't kill any of the victims. Ultimately he was found guilty and sentenced to death on December 4, 2006. For the next eight years, McWatters remained on Florida's death row awaiting execution. In 2014, a judge awarded McWatters a new trial, on the grounds that his original defense team did a poor job. In the new trial, McWatters pleaded no contest, and was sentenced to life imprisonment in 2015. See also List of serial killers in the United States References External links Florida Department of Corrections Information 1978 births Living people 20th-century American criminals Male serial killers American serial killers American people convicted of murder Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Florida Prisoners sentenced to death by Florida Prisoners and detainees of Florida Criminals from Florida

69545724

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedding%20of%20Princess%20Beatrix%20of%20the%20Netherlands%20and%20Claus%20van%20Amsberg

Wedding of Princess Beatrix of the Netherlands and Claus van Amsberg

The wedding of Princess Beatrix of the Netherlands and Claus van Amsberg took place on Thursday, 10 March 1966, in Amsterdam, Netherlands. They were married first in a civil ceremony at the Prinsenhof, after which the marriage was religiously blessed in the Westerkerk. The bride was the eldest daughter of Queen Juliana and heiress presumptive to the Dutch throne. The groom was an untitled German nobleman. The engagement of the future queen to a German caused an uproar among some Dutch people and the wedding was marred by protests. Beatrix later reigned as Queen of the Netherlands from 1980 until her abdication in 2013. Engagement Princess Beatrix, heiress presumptive to Queen Juliana of the Netherlands, first met Klaus von Amsberg, an untitled German nobleman, at a New Year's Eve party in Bad Driburg in 1962. They met again later at the wedding of Moritz, Hereditary Prince of Hesse, and Princess Tatiana of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg in Giessen in the summer of 1964. The couple began dating, often using Richard, 6th Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg, as a decoy for the press. Later, on a skiing holiday in Gstaad, Beatrix and Claus were spotted together while Prince Richard was spotted skiing alone. The engagement was announced by Queen Juliana and her husband, Prince Bernhard, on 28 June 1965. After the announcement, the couple met the press in the gardens of Soestdijk Palace and granted an interview to Herman Felderhof. Queen Juliana and the States General granted their consent to the engagement. Amsberg was granted Dutch citizenship and changed the spelling of his name from the German "Klaus von Amsberg" to the Dutch "Claus van Amsberg". Pre-wedding celebrations A number of pre-wedding balls, dinners, receptions and concerts were held in the weeks leading up to the wedding. These began on 5 March, when the Dutch Government hosted a gala dinner at the Museum Het Prinsenhof in Delft, the last residence of William the Silent. Princess Beatrix wore a lavender gown and Queen Emma's small diamond tiara. On 8 March, Queen Juliana and Prince Bernhard hosted a white tie pre-wedding dinner at the Hilton Amsterdam followed by a ball at the Royal Palace of Amsterdam attended by the foreign royal guests. Princess Beatrix wore a white and blue embroidered gown with the antique pearl tiara. The next night, on the eve of the wedding, they hosted a smaller more informal black tie party for 300 guests at the Amstel Hotel. Many of the foreign royal guests were in attendance that evening as well. Wedding Civil ceremony Per Dutch law, a civil marriage ceremony was required before a religious ceremony. This took place at Amsterdam's city hall, the Prinsenhof. The ceremony was performed by Gijsbert van Hall, Mayor of Amsterdam. Witnesses included the bride's paternal uncle, Prince Aschwin of Lippe-Biesterfeld, Britain's Princess Alexandra, and former Prime Minister, Willem Drees. Religious ceremony Following the civil ceremony, the couple travelled in the Golden Coach to the Westerkerk for the religious blessing. The blessing was performed by Rev. Hendrik Jan Kater, with a sermon by Rev. Johannes Hendrik Sillevis Smitt. Music Dutch composer Jurriaan Andriessen, composed a piece for organ, Entrata Festiva, for the occasion. Other music at the religious ceremony included the original French version of the hymn À toi la gloire O Ressuscité with words by Edmond Louis Budry and music by George Frideric Handel, Attire Princess Beatrix wore a white silk duchesse gown by Caroline Bergé-Farwick of Maison Linette. Beatrix was involved in the design of the gown. Her large waist-length tulle veil was secured by the Württemberg ornate pearl tiara, a Dutch royal heirloom often thought to have been among the wedding gifts of Princess Sophie of Württemberg when she married the future William III of the Netherlands in 1839 though actually made for Queen Wilhelmina in 1897. She also wore a pearl and diamond strawberry leaf brooch from Queen Sophie. Attendants Princess Beatrix had six adult bridesmaids: Princess Christina of the Netherlands Christina von Amsberg Princess Christina of Sweden Lady Elizabeth Anson Joanna Roëll Eugénie Loudon The junior bridesmaids were Daphne Stewart-Clark and Carolijn Alting von Geusau, with page boys Joachim Jencquel and Markus von Oeynhausen-Sierstorpf. Controversy After news of the couple became public, there was intense backlash from some Dutch citizens, politicians and religious leaders due to Amsberg's German roots and membership in the Hitler Youth and the Wehrmacht during the Nazi Regime in World War II. Dutch historian Loe de Jong, then of the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, led a committee to look into Claus's involvement in the war. The committee cleared him and the engagement was announced. 300,000 people signed a petition against the marriage. There were protests during the wedding procession and a smoke bomb was thrown at the Golden Coach by Provos, resulting in a street battle with police. Protests included slogans like "Claus 'raus!" (Claus out!) and "Mijn fiets terug" ("Return my bicycle" – a reference to German soldiers confiscating Dutch bicycles during World War II). In protest, half of the Amsterdam Municipal Council and three of the invited rabbis boycotted the ceremony. Guests Relatives of the bride The Queen and The Prince Consort, the bride's parents Princess Irene and Prince Carlos Hugo of Bourbon-Parma, the bride's sister and brother-in-law Princess Margriet of the Netherlands and Mr. Pieter van Vollenhoven, the bride's sister and her fiancé Princess Christina of the Netherlands, the bride's sister Princess Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld, the bride's paternal grandmother Prince and Princess Aschwin of Lippe-Biesterfeld, the bride's paternal uncle and aunt Relatives of the groom Baroness Gösta von Amsberg, the groom's mother Christina von Amsberg, the groom's sister Foreign royal guests The King and Queen of the Belgians The Prince and Princess of Liège The King and Queen of the Hellenes Princess Irene of Greece and Denmark The Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of Luxembourg Prince Charles of Luxembourg The Crown Prince of Norway (representing the King of Norway) Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent (representing the Queen of the United Kingdom) Princess Alexandra, The Hon. Mrs. Angus Ogilvy, and The Hon. Angus Ogilvy Prince Michael of Kent Princess Benedikte of Denmark (representing the King of Denmark) Princess Margaretha, Mrs. John Ambler, and Mr. John Ambler (representing the King of Sweden) Princess Christina of Sweden The Prince and Princess of Asturias Infanta Pilar of Spain The Aga Khan IV Aftermath The couple honeymooned in Mexico. Eventually, the Dutch people accepted Claus and he became a beloved prince consort. They had three sons: Willem-Alexander (born 1967), Friso (1968–2013) and Constantijn (born 1969). Prince Claus died of complications of pneumonia and Parkinson's disease at the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam on 6 October 2002 after a long illness, aged 76. See also Wedding of Willem-Alexander, Prince of Orange, and Máxima Zorreguieta Cerruti References Dutch monarchy Royal weddings in the 20th century European royal weddings Events in Amsterdam 1966 in the Netherlands 1960s in Amsterdam March 1966 events in Europe

69547036

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurbandha

Gurbandha

Gurbandha (also written as Gurbanda) is a village in the Gurbandha CD block in the Ghatshila subdivision of the Purbi Singhum district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Geography Location Gurbandha is located at . Area overview The area shown in the map “forms a part of the Chota Nagpur Plateau and is a hilly upland tract”. The main rivers draining the district are the Subarnarekha and the Kharkai.The area lying between Jamshedpur and Ghatshila is the main industrial mining zone. The rest of the district is primarily agricultural. In the district, as of 2011, 56.9% of the population lives in the rural areas and a high 43.1% lives in the urban areas. Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the district. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map. Civic administration There is a police station at Gurabanda The headquarters of Gurabandha CD block is located at Gurabandha village. Demographics According to the 2011 Census of India, Gurbandha had a total population of 1,312, of which 658 (50%) were males and 654 (50%) were females. Population in the age range 0-6 years was 158. The total number of literate persons in Gurbandha was 771 (66.81% of the population over 6 years). (*For language details see Gurbandha block#Language and religion) Education Government High School Gurabanda is a Hindi-medium coeducational institution established in 1973. It has facilities for teaching from class I to class X. The school has a library with 621 books. References Villages in East Singhbhum district

69547557

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RentAHitman.com

RentAHitman.com

RentAHitman.com is a satirical website purporting to offer contract killers for hire. The site's URL was bought by Bob Innes in 2005 as a potential site for an information technology company to be set up with his friends (playing on the use of the word "hit" as a check on a website's security or the count of web traffic). The company was never started but Innes retained the site. Upon checking the site's email inbox in 2008 he found hundreds of messages requesting contract killing services, but he considered none were serious. When checking again in 2010 he found a serious request from a woman in Canada. He passed her details to the police and she was convicted for soliciting murder. Innes afterwards established RentAHitman.com as a supposed front for a contract killing agency, though he included numerous jokes in its content. He checks messages sent to him and refers any serious requests to law enforcement agencies. Innes' site has resulted in several further convictions for those attempting to employ the supposed services. Origin RentAHitman.com was bought and registered by Bob Innes of North California on 5 February 2005 for $9.20. Innes had graduated from the Napa Valley police academy in 1999 but had failed to find employment and instead turned to a career in information technology (IT). He established the website with a group of friends on an IT training program. The URL was the possible location for a website for a company the friends would set-up for a service either testing company's online security measures (by carrying out "hits" on them) or for a service optimising web traffic (ie. increasing the number of hits). At the time Innes was also collecting domain names in the hope of selling them later for a profit. Innes and his friends graduated in June 2005 and went their separate ways, without forming a company. Innes retained ownership of the domain name and put it up for auction but received no offers. He continued to maintain the url in the hope of selling it in the future. Creation of site Innes checked the email inbox he had associated with the website in 2008 and found he had 250–300 messages requesting the services of contract killers (ie. hitmen) or asking for employment in the field. Many were jokey in nature and he did not find any of them alarming. When he checked again in 2010 he found a message from a woman in Canada named Helen. She requested that he carry out the murders of three of her family members in the United Kingdom, claiming they had cheated her out of an inheritance. Innes considered this request the first serious one he had received, as it gave the names and addresses of the targets. He passed the details onto a friend who was a California police sergeant. The case was passed to the Canadian police who arrested Helen. She served four months in prison for soliciting murder before being extradited to the United Kingdom where she was wanted on other serious charges. After this case Innes decided to continue to run the website and to rebrand it as a fake contract killing agency. He filled the site with jokes and clues that it was not legitimate. These included fake testimonials from satisfied customers and a claim that he is regulated by the "Hitman Information Privacy Protection Act", a play on the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act with which he was familiar through his work in medical IT. The site claims the agency has "17,985 field operatives", which is actually the approximate number of American law enforcement agencies and offers "group and senior discounts". In 2014 Innes added a "service request form" which requires a user's names, email address and phone number. Innes uses the nom de plume "Guido Fanelli" on the site and for responses to enquiries. Innes received around 8–10 requests a month, for a total of around 700 by November 2021, including 400 via his service request form. He removes obvious joke entries but replies to any enquiries that he considers to be serious. He allows clients a 24 hour cooling off period after which he asks two questions: "Do you still require our services? And would you like me to place you in contact with a field operative for a free consultation?". If they reply in the affirmative he passes their details onto law enforcement. Innes passes all requests involving minors to the police immediately. Innes considers the site "a magnet for low-hanging fruit that are out there trying to harm other people" and said "I really didn’t think that people were gonna be that stupid. Boy, did they show me". He covers all costs to keep the site running, though he accepts donations. Prosecutions Innes thinks around 10% of enquiries to the site result in a police investigation and considers that he has saved around 150 lives through the site. For a time Innes received a lot of enquiries from Indonesia as a result of his site being mentioned in an Indonesian YouTube video about the dark web. Innes thinks that around a dozen people have been arrested as a result of the website. Notable cases include the 2018 case of Devon Fauber, who wanted to hire a hitman to kill his ex-girlfriend and her parents before kidnapping his three-year-old daughter. Some 10 days after initial contact Fauber got back in touch with Innes to ask "How come the job’s not done yet?". Fauber was found guilty of two counts of solicitation to commit murder and sentenced to 10 years imprisonment in 2019. In July 2020 Wendy Wein was arrested for using the site to try to arrange the killing of her ex-husband. She was found guilty of solicitation of murder and using a computer to commit a crime. References American satirical websites Internet properties established in 2005 2005 establishments in California

69547813

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recognition%20of%20same-sex%20unions%20by%20country

Recognition of same-sex unions by country

The recognition of same-sex unions varies by country. Same-sex marriage Argentina On 15 July 2010, the Argentine Senate approved a bill extending marriage rights to same-sex couples. The law came into effect on 22 July 2010 upon promulgation by the Argentine President. Argentina thus became the first country in Latin America and the tenth in the world to legally recognize same-sex marriage. Polls showed that nearly 70% of Argentines supported giving gay people the same marital rights as heterosexuals. Australia Australia became the second nation in Oceania to legally recognize same-sex marriage when the Australian Parliament passed a bill on 7 December 2017. The bill received royal assent on 8 December, and took effect on 9 December 2017. The law removed the ban on same-sex marriage that previously existed and followed a voluntary postal survey held from 12 September to 7 November 2017, which returned a 61.6% Yes vote for same-sex marriage. The same legislation provided for same-sex marriage in all of Australia's external territories. Austria Since 1 January 2010, same-sex couples have been allowed to enter registered partnerships (Eingetragene Partnerschaft). In December 2015, the Vienna Administrative Court dismissed a case challenging the same-sex marriage ban. The plaintiffs appealed to the Constitutional Court, which struck down the ban on same-sex marriage as unconstitutional on 5 December 2017, with effect from 1 January 2019. The Court also decided that civil unions will be open for both same-sex and different-sex couples from that date onwards. Belgium Belgium became the second country in the world to legally recognize same-sex marriages when a bill passed by the Belgian Federal Parliament took effect on 1 June 2003. Originally, Belgium allowed the marriages of foreign same-sex couples only if their country of origin also allowed these unions, however legislation enacted in October 2004 permits any couple to marry if at least one of the spouses has lived in the country for a minimum of three months. A 2006 statute legalized adoption by same-sex spouses. Brazil On 14 May 2013, the Justice's National Council of Brazil legally recognized same-sex marriage in the entire country in a 14–1 vote by issuing a ruling that orders all civil registers of the country to perform same-sex marriages and convert any existing civil union into a marriage, if the couple wish so. The ruling was published on 15 May and took effect on 16 May 2013. Brazil's Supreme Court ruled in May 2011 that same-sex couples are legally entitled to legal recognition of stable unions (known as ), one of the two possible family entities in Brazilian legislation. It includes almost all of the rights available to married couples in Brazil. Between mid-2011 and May 2013, same-sex couples had their cohabitation issues converted into marriages in several Brazil states with the approval of a state judge. All legal Brazilian marriages were always recognized all over Brazil. This decision paved the way for future legislation on same-sex matrimonial rights. Before the nationwide legislation, the states of Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, the Federal District, Mato Grosso do Sul, Paraíba, Paraná, Piauí, Rondônia, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, and Sergipe, as well as the city of Santa Rita do Sapucaí (MG), had already allowed same-sex marriages and several unions were converted into full marriages by state judges. In Rio de Janeiro, same-sex couples could also marry but only if local judges agreed with their request. Canada Legal recognition of same-sex marriage in Canada followed a series of constitutional challenges based on the equality provisions of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. In the first such case, Halpern v. Canada (Attorney General), same-sex marriage ceremonies performed in Ontario on 14 January 2001 were subsequently validated when the common law, mixed-sex definition of marriage was held to be unconstitutional. Similar rulings had already legally recognized same-sex marriage in eight provinces and one territory when the 2005 Civil Marriage Act defined marriage throughout Canada as "the lawful union of two persons to the exclusion of all others". Chile Same-sex marriage and adoption for same-sex couples will become legal in Chile on March 10, 2022, following passage of a law allowing it in December 2021. On 10 December 2014, a group of senators from various parties, joined LGBT rights group MOVILH (Homosexual Movement of Integration and Liberation) in presenting a bill to allow same-sex marriage and adoption to Congress. MOVILH had been in talks with the Chilean Government to seek an amiable solution to the pending marriage lawsuit brought against the state before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. On 17 February 2015, lawyers representing the Government and MOVILH met to discuss an amicable solution to the same-sex marriage lawsuit. The Government announced that they would drop their opposition to same-sex marriage. A formal agreement between the two parties and the Inter-American Commission of Human Rights was signed in April 2015. On 28 January 2015, the National Congress approved a bill recognizing civil unions for same-sex and opposite-sex couples offering some of the rights of marriage. President Michele Bachelet signed the bill on 14 April, and it came into effect on 22 October. In September 2016, President Bachelet stated before a United Nations General Assembly panel that the Chilean Government would submit a same-sex marriage bill to Congress in the first half of 2017. A same-sex marriage bill was submitted in September 2017. Parliament began discussing the bill on 27 November 2017, but it failed to pass before March 2018, when a new Government was inaugurated. On 16 January 2020, the bill was approved in the Senate by a 22 to 16 vote, then headed to the constitutional committee. On 21 July 2021, the Senate approved the bill recognizing gay marriage by 28 votes to 14. The bill was then approved by the Chamber of Deputies on 23 November 2021 by 101 votes to 33. The bill was examined in a joint committee of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies on 6 December 2021 to put together a compromise bill for final votes in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. On 7 December 2021, the National Congress of Chile finally approved the legislature, and it was signed into law the next day. Colombia In February 2007, a series of rulings by the Constitutional Court meant that same-sex couples could apply for all the rights that heterosexual couples have in de facto marital unions (uniones maritales de hecho). On 26 July 2011, the Constitutional Court of Colombia ordered the Congress to pass legislation giving same-sex couples similar rights to marriage by 20 June 2013. If such a law were not passed by then, same-sex couples would be granted these rights automatically. Congress failed to pass same-sex marriage legislation, but the civil registries did not begin issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples after the deadline. On 24 July 2013, a civil court judge in Bogotá declared a same-sex couple legally married, after a ruling on 11 July 2013 accepting the petition. This was the first same-sex couple married in Colombia. On 28 April 2016, the legal uncertainty around same-sex unions was resolved when the Constitutional Court ruled that same-sex couples are allowed to enter into civil marriages in the country and that judges and notaries are barred from refusing to perform same-sex weddings. Costa Rica On 10 February 2016, the Constitutional Court of Costa Rica announced it would hear a case seeking to legally recognize same-sex marriage in Costa Rica and declare the country's same-sex marriage ban unconstitutional. In January 2018, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR) issued an Advisory Opinion (AO 24/17) regarding issues related to sexual orientation and gender identity, stating that the American Convention on Human Rights includes the recognition of same-sex marriage, in a case brought by the government of Costa Rica. In the 2018 Costa Rican general election, the IACHR ruling on same-sex marriage became a prominent issue. Carlos Alvarado Quesada, who supports LGBT rights and favors the implementation of the ruling, won the election with 60.7% of the vote, defeating by wide margin Fabricio Alvarado, a vocal opponent of LGBT rights who was against the implementation of the ruling. On 8 August 2018, the Supreme Court of Costa Rica ruled that the prohibition of same-sex marriage in the Family Code is unconstitutional, giving Congress 18 months to reform the law or the prohibition will be automatically lifted. As the Congress did not act, same-sex marriage in Costa Rica became legal on 26 May 2020 in line with the court ruling. Denmark On 25 May 1989, Denmark became the first country to legally recognize registered partnerships between same-sex couples. A registered partnership was the same as a civil marriage, but was not seen as marriage in the eyes of the church. On 7 June 2012, the Folketing (Danish Parliament) approved new laws regarding same-sex civil and religious marriage. These laws permit same-sex couples to get married in the Church of Denmark. The bills received royal assent on 12 June and took effect on 15 June 2012. On 26 May 2015, Greenland, one of two other constituent countries in the Realm of Denmark, unanimously passed a law recognizing same-sex marriage. The first same-sex couple to marry in Greenland married on 1 April 2016, the day the law went into effect. On 29 April 2016, the Faroe Islands, the realm's other constituent country, passed a same-sex marriage bill. The law required ratification in the Danish Parliament, which provided it on 25 Apl17. The Faroese law allows civil marriages for same-sex couples and exempts the Church of the Faroe Islands from being required to officiate same-sex weddings. The law took effect on 1 July 2017. Ecuador In May 2018, the Ecuador Supreme Court ruled, in a lesbian parenting case, that the 2018 IACHR ruling is fully binding on Ecuador and that the country must also implement the ruling in due course. In June 2018, two family judges ruled the country's same-sex marriage ban unconstitutional. However, the Civil Registry appealed the rulings, preventing their coming into force. Same-sex marriage eventually took effect in Ecuador on 8 July 2019, following the Constitutional Court ruling which was made on 12 June 2019. Finland Same-sex Registered partnerships have been legal in Finland since 2002. In 2010, Minister of Justice Tuija Brax said her Ministry was preparing to amend the Marriage Act to allow same-sex marriage by 2012. A citizens' initiative was launched to put the issue before the Parliament of Finland. The campaign collected 166,000 signatures and the initiative was presented to the Parliament in December 2013. The bill passed the second and final vote by 101–90 on 12 December 2014. The law took effect on 1 March 2017. France Since November 1999, France has had a civil union scheme known as a civil solidarity pact that is open to both opposite-sex and same-sex couples. The French Government introduced a bill to legally recognize same-sex marriage, Bill 344, in the National Assembly on 17 November 2012. It received final approval in the National Assembly in a 331–225 vote on 23 April 2013. Law No.2013-404 grants same-sex couples living in France, including foreigners provided at least one of the partners has their domicile or residence in France, the legal right to get married. The law also allows the recognition in France of same-sex couples' marriages that occurred abroad before the bill's enactment. President François Hollande signed it into law on 18 May 2013. Germany Prior to the legalization of same-sex marriage, Germany was one of the first countries to legislate registered life partnerships (Eingetragene Lebenspartnerschaft) for same-sex couples, which provided most of the rights of marriage. The law came into effect on 1 August 2001, and the act was progressively amended on subsequent occasions to reflect court rulings expanding the rights of registered partners. Same-sex marriage has been legal in Germany since 1 October 2017. A bill recognizing marriages and adoption rights for same-sex couples passed the Bundestag on 30 June 2017 after Chancellor Angela Merkel stated that she would allow her CDU/CSU parliamentarians a conscience vote on such legislation, shortly after it was made a requirement for any future coalition by the SPD, the Greens and FDP. The co-governing SPD consequently forced a vote on the issue together with the opposition parties. The bill was signed into law by German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier on 20 July and came into effect on 1 October 2017. Iceland Same-sex marriage was introduced in Iceland through legislation establishing a gender-neutral definition of marriage introduced by the Coalition Government of the Social Democratic Alliance and Left-Green Movement. The legislation was passed unanimously by the Icelandic Althing on 11 June 2010, and took effect on 27 June 2010, replacing an earlier system of registered partnerships for same-sex couples. Prime Minister Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir and her partner were among the first married same-sex couples in the country. Ireland Prior to the legalization of same-sex marriage, the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010 allowed same sex couples to enter civil partnerships. The Act came into force on 1 January 2011 and gave same-sex couples rights and responsibilities similar to, but not equal to, those of civil marriage. On 22 May 2015, Ireland held a referendum that proposed to add to the Irish Constitution: "marriage may be contracted in accordance with law by two persons without distinction as to their sex." The proposal was approved with 62% of voters supporting same-sex marriage. On 29 August 2015, Irish President Michael D. Higgins signed the result of the May referendum into law, which made Ireland the first country in the world to approve same-sex marriage at a nationwide referendum. Same-sex marriage became formally legally recognized in Ireland on 16 November 2015. Luxembourg The Parliament approved a bill to legally recognize same-sex marriage on 18 June 2014. The law was published in the official gazette on 17 July and took effect on 1 January 2015. On 15 May 2015, Prime Minister Xavier Bettel married Gauthier Destenay, with whom he had been in a civil partnership since 2010. Luxembourg thus became the first country in the European Union to have a prime minister who is in a same-sex marriage, and the second one in Europe. Malta Malta has recognized same-sex unions since April 2014, following the enactment of the Civil Unions Act, first introduced in September 2013. It established civil unions with same rights, responsibilities, and obligations as marriage, including the right of joint adoption and recognition of foreign same-sex marriage. A bill to approve same-sex marriage was approved 66–1 by Parliament on 12 July 2017. Malta became the 14th country in Europe to legally recognize same-sex marriage. Mexico Same-sex couples can marry in Mexico City and in the states of Aguascalientes, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Querétaro, Puebla, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tlaxcala and Zacatecas as well as in some municipalities in Guerrero. It is also due to be legalized in Yucatan, following a state constitutional amendment allowing it in September 2021. In individual cases, same-sex couples have been given judicial approval to marry in all other states. Since August 2010, same-sex marriages performed within Mexico are recognized by the 31 states without exception. On 18 December 2019, the ruling party, Morena, introduced a constitutional amendment that would legally recognize marriage at the federal level and require all states to adjust their laws correspondingly. On 21 December 2009, the Legislative Assembly of Mexico City (formerly the Federal District of Mexico City) legally recognized same-sex marriages and adoption by same-sex couples. The law was enacted eight days later and became effective in early March 2010. On 10 August 2010, the Mexican Supreme Court ruled that while not every state must grant same-sex marriages, they must all recognize those performed where they are legal. On 28 November 2011, the first two same-sex marriages occurred in Quintana Roo after it was discovered that Quintana Roo's Civil Code did not explicitly prohibit same-sex marriage, but these marriages were later annulled by the Governor of Quintana Roo in April 2012. In May 2012, the Secretary of State of Quintana Roo reversed the annulments and allowed for future same-sex marriages to be performed in the state. On 11 February 2014, the Congress of Coahuila approved adoptions by same-sex couples. A bill recognizing same-sex marriages passed on 1 September 2014, making Coahuila the first state (and second jurisdiction after Mexico City) to reform its Civil Code to allow for legal same-sex marriages. It took effect on 17 September, and the first couple married on 20 September. On 12 June 2015, the Governor of Chihuahua announced that his administration would no longer oppose same-sex marriages in the state. The order was effective immediately, thus making Chihuahua the third state to legally recognize such unions. On 3 June 2015, the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation released a "jurisprudential thesis" that found state-laws defining marriage as a union between a man and a woman unconstitutional. The ruling standardized court procedures across Mexico to authorize same-sex marriages. However, the process is still lengthy and more expensive than that for an opposite-sex marriage, as the ruling did not invalidate any state laws, meaning same-sex couples will be denied the right to wed and will have to turn to the courts for individual injunctions (). However, given the nature of the ruling, judges and courts throughout Mexico must approve any application for a same-sex marriage. The official release of the thesis was on 19 June 2015, which took effect on 22 June 2015. Since this ruling, a majority of states have begun allowing same-sex marriage, either through legislative change, administrative decisions, or under court orders. Netherlands The Netherlands was the first country to extend marriage laws to include same-sex couples, following the recommendation of a special commission appointed to investigate the issue in 1995. A same-sex marriage bill passed the House of Representatives and the Senate in 2000, taking effect on 1 April 2001. In the Dutch Caribbean special municipalities of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, marriage is open to same-sex couples. A law enabling same-sex couples to marry in these municipalities passed and came into effect on 10 October 2012. The Caribbean countries Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten, forming the remainder of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, do not perform same-sex marriages, but must recognize those performed in the Netherlands proper. Registered partnerships have been available in Aruba since September 2021. A same-sex marriage bill is under consideration in the Parliament of Curaçao. New Zealand On 14 May 2012, Labour Party MP Louisa Wall stated that she would introduce a member's bill, the Marriage (Definition of Marriage) Amendment Bill, allowing same-sex couples to marry. The bill was drawn from the ballot and passed the first and second readings on 29 August 2012 and 13 March 2013, respectively. The bill received royal assent from the Governor-General on 19 April and took effect on 19 August 2013. New Zealand marriage law only applies to New Zealand proper and the Ross Dependency in Antarctica. New Zealand's dependent territory, Tokelau, and associated states, Cook Islands and Niue, have their own marriage laws and do not perform or recognize same-sex marriage. Norway Same-sex marriage became legal in Norway on 1 January 2009 when a gender-neutral marriage bill came into effect after being passed by the Norwegian legislature, the Storting, in June 2008. Norway became the first Scandinavian country and the sixth country in the world to legally recognize same-sex marriage. Portugal Portugal created de facto unions similar to common-law marriage for cohabiting opposite-sex partners in 1999, and extended these unions to same-sex couples in 2001. However, the 2001 extension did not allow for same-sex adoption, either jointly or of stepchildren. On 11 February 2010, Parliament approved a bill recognizing same-sex marriage. The Portuguese President promulgated the law on 8 April 2010 and the law was effective on 5 June 2010, making Portugal the eighth country to legally recognize nationwide same-sex marriage; however, adoption was still denied for same-sex couples. In December 2015, the Portuguese Parliament approved a bill to allow adoption rights for same-sex couples. South Africa Legal recognition of same-sex marriages in South Africa came about as a result of the Constitutional Court's decision in the case of Minister of Home Affairs v Fourie. The court ruled on 1 December 2005 that the existing marriage laws violated the equality clause of the Bill of Rights because they discriminated on the basis of sexual orientation. The court gave Parliament one year to rectify the inequality. The Civil Union Act was passed by the National Assembly on 14 November 2006, by a vote of 230 to 41. It became law on 30 November 2006. South Africa became the fifth country, the first in Africa, and the second outside Europe, to legally recognize same-sex marriage. Spain Spain was the third country in the world to legally recognize same-sex marriage on 3 July 2005. In 2004, the nation's newly elected Socialist Government, led by President José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, began a campaign for its legalization, including the right of adoption by same-sex couples. After much debate, the law permitting same-sex marriage was passed by the Cortes Generales (Spain's bicameral Parliament) on 30 June 2005. King Juan Carlos signed it on 1 July 2005. Sweden Same-sex marriage in Sweden has been legal since 1 May 2009, following the adoption of a new gender-neutral law on marriage by the Swedish Parliament on 1 April 2009, making Sweden the seventh country in the world to open marriage to same-sex couples nationwide. Marriage replaced Sweden's registered partnerships for same-sex couples. Existing registered partnerships between same-sex couples remained in force with an option to convert them into marriages. Same-sex marriages have been performed by the Church of Sweden since 2009. Switzerland Switzerland has allowed registered partnerships for same-sex couples since 1 January 2007, after a 2005 referendum. Legislation to allow same-sex marriage was introduced in 2013, passed on 18 December 2020 by the Swiss Parliament, and was adopted in a referendum on 26 September 2021. 64.1% of voters supported an amendment to the civil code that allowed same-sex marriage, adoption by same-sex couples and assisted reproductive technology for female same-sex couples. Switzerland voted and approved the amendment in September 2021, legally recognizing same-sex marriage. It will come into effect on 1 July 2022. Taiwan Taiwan is the first country in Asia where same-sex marriage is legal. On 24 May 2017, the Constitutional Court ruled that same-sex couples have the right to marry, and gave the Taiwanese Government two years to amend the law to that effect. It was also ruled that if the law was not amended after two years, same-sex couples would automatically be able to register valid marriage applications in Taiwan. On 17 May 2019, lawmakers in Taiwan approved a bill legally recognizing same-sex marriage. The bill was signed by the President Tsai Ing-Wen on 22 May and came into effect on 24 May 2019. United Kingdom Same-sex marriage is legal in all parts of the United Kingdom. As marriage is a devolved legislative matter, different parts of the UK enacted same-sex marriage at different times: Legislation to allow same-sex marriage in England and Wales was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in July 2013 and took effect on 13 March 2014. The first same-sex marriages took place on 29 March 2014. Legislation to allow same-sex marriage in Scotland was passed by the Scottish Parliament in February 2014 and took effect on 16 December 2014. The first same-sex marriage ceremonies for same-sex couples previously in civil partnerships occurred on 16 December. The first same-sex marriage ceremonies for couples not in civil partnerships occurred on 31 December 2014. Legislation to allow same-sex marriage in Northern Ireland was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom (as the Northern Ireland Assembly was suspended) in July 2019 and took effect on 13 January 2020. The first same-sex marriage ceremony took place on 11 February 2020. Same-sex marriage is legal in nine of the fourteen British Overseas Territories. It has been recognized in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands since 2014, Akrotiri and Dhekelia and the British Indian Ocean Territory (for UK military personnel only) since 3 June 2014, the Pitcairn Islands since 14 May 2015, the British Antarctic Territory since 13 October 2016, Gibraltar since 15 December 2016, the Falkland Islands since 29 April 2017, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha since 20 December 2017, and Bermuda since 23 November 2018. Civil partnerships were enacted in the Cayman Islands on 4 September 2020. An appeal by the government of Bermuda of a lower court's ruling for same-sex marriage is pending as of October 2021. Same-sex marriage is legal in the Crown dependencies. It has been recognized and performed in the Isle of Man since 22 July 2016, in Jersey since 1 July 2018, and in the Bailiwick of Guernsey at different times: in the jurisdiction of Guernsey since 2 May 2017, in Alderney since 14 June 2018, and in Sark since 23 April 2020. United States Same-sex marriage in the United States expanded from one state in 2004 to all fifty states in 2015 through various state court rulings, state legislation, direct popular votes, and federal court rulings. The fifty states each have separate marriage laws, which must adhere to rulings by the Supreme Court of the United States that recognize marriage as a fundamental right that is guaranteed by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, as first established in the 1967 landmark civil rights case of Loving v. Virginia. Civil rights campaigning in support of marriage without distinction as to sex or sexual orientation began in the 1970s. In 1972, the now overturned Baker v. Nelson saw the Supreme Court of the United States decline to become involved. The issue became prominent from around 1993, when the Supreme Court of Hawaii ruled in Baehr v. Lewin that it was unconstitutional under the state constitution for the state to abridge marriage on the basis of sex. That ruling led to federal and state actions to explicitly abridge marriage on the basis of sex in order to prevent the marriages of same-sex couples from being recognized by law, the most prominent of which was the 1996 federal DOMA. In 2003, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health that it was unconstitutional under the state constitution for the state to abridge marriage on the basis of sex. From 2004 through to 2015, as the tide of public opinion continued to move towards support of same-sex marriage, various state court rulings, state legislation, direct popular votes (referendums and initiatives), and federal court rulings established same-sex marriage in thirty-six of the fifty states. In May 2011, national public support for same-sex marriage rose above 50% for the first time. In June 2013, the Supreme Court of the United States struck down DOMA for violating the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution in the landmark civil rights case of United States v. Windsor, leading to federal recognition of same-sex marriage, with federal benefits for married couples connected to either the state of residence or the state in which the marriage was solemnized. In June 2015, the Supreme Court ruled in the landmark civil rights case of Obergefell v. Hodges that the fundamental right of same-sex couples to marry on the same terms and conditions as opposite-sex couples, with all the accompanying rights and responsibilities, is guaranteed by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Same-sex marriage is also legal in four of the United States territories: Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands. It is not legal in American Samoa, amid legal uncertainty over whether the US Constitution applies there in full. Native American Tribal Nations also have their own same-sex marriage legislation. The United States of America is the most populous country in the world to have established same-sex marriage nationwide. Uruguay Uruguay's Chamber of Deputies passed a bill on 12 December 2012, to extend marriage rights to same-sex couples. The Senate passed the bill on 2 April 2013, but with minor amendments. On 10 April 2013, the Chamber of Deputies passed the amended bill by a two-thirds majority (71–22). The president promulgated the law on 3 May 2013 and it took effect on 5 August. Other countries Cuba The Cuban Constitution prohibited same-sex marriage until February 2019. In May 2019, the Government announced that the Union of Jurists of Cuba is working on a new family code, which would address same-sex marriage. In September 2018, following some public concerns and conservative opposition against the possibility of paving the way to legalisation of same-sex marriage in Cuba, President Miguel Díaz-Canel announced his support for same-sex marriage after he told TV Telesur that he supports "marriage between people without any restrictions". A proposal for a new Family Code including same-sex marriage and adoption was presented in September 2021. Czech Republic Before the October 2017 election, LGBT activists started a public campaign with the aim of achieving same-sex marriage within the next four years. Prime Minister Andrej Babiš supports the legalization of same-sex marriage. A bill to legally recognize same-sex marriage was introduced to the Czech Parliament in June 2018. Recent opinion polls have shown that the bill is quite popular in the Czech Republic; a 2018 poll found that 75% of Czechs favored legal recognition of same-sex marriage. El Salvador In August 2016, a lawyer in El Salvador filed a lawsuit before the country's Supreme Court asking for the nullification of Article 11 of the Family Code, which defines marriage as a heterosexual union. Labeling the law as discriminatory and explaining the lack of gendered terms used in Article 34 of the Constitution's summary of marriage, the lawsuit sought to allow same-sex couples the right to wed. On 20 December, the Salvadoran Supreme Court rejected the lawsuit on a legal technicality. A second lawsuit against the same-sex marriage ban was filed on 11 November 2016. On 17 January 2019, the Supreme Court dismissed the case on procedural grounds. The 2018 Inter-American Court of Human Rights ruling regarding the legalization of same-sex marriage in countries that have ratified the American Convention on Human Rights applies to El Salvador. Georgia In 2016, a man filed a challenge against Georgia's same-sex marriage ban, arguing that while the Civil Code of Georgia states that marriage is explicitly between a man and a woman; the Constitution does not reference gender in its section on marriage. In September 2017, the Georgian Parliament approved a constitutional amendment establishing marriage as "a union between a woman and a man for the purpose of creating a family". President Giorgi Margvelashvili vetoed the constitutional amendment on 9 October. Parliament overrode his veto on 13 October. India As of 2017, a draft of a Uniform Civil Code that would legally recognize same-sex marriage has been proposed. Although same-sex couples are not legally recognized currently by any form, performing a symbolic same-sex marriage is not prohibited under Indian law either. On 6 September 2018, the Supreme Court of India decriminalized homosexuality by declaring Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code unconstitutional. In 2020, several court cases were filed seeking a right to same-sex marriage under India's various denominational and non-denominational marriage laws. Israel In 2006, Israel's High Court of Justice ruled to recognize foreign same-sex marriages for the limited purpose of registration with the Administration of Border Crossings, Population and Immigration; however, this is merely for statistical purposes and grants no state-level rights. Israel does not recognize civil marriages performed under its own jurisdiction. A bill was raised in the Knesset (Israeli Parliament) to rescind the High Court's ruling, but the Knesset did not advance the bill. A bill to legally recognize same-sex and interfaith civil marriages was defeated in the Knesset, 39–11, on 16 May 2012. In November 2015, the National LGBT Taskforce of Israel petitioned the Supreme Court of Israel to allow same-sex marriage in the country, arguing that the refusal of the rabbinical court to recognize same-sex marriage should not prevent civil courts from performing same-sex marriages. The court handed down a ruling on 31 August 2017, determining the issue was the responsibility of the Knesset, and not the judiciary. Opinion polls have shown that Israelis overwhelmingly support recognizing same-sex unions. A 2017 opinion poll showed that 79% of the Israeli public were in favor of legal recognition of same-sex unions (either marriage or civil unions). A 2018 poll showed that 58% of Israelis were specifically in favor of same-sex marriage. Italy The cities of Bologna, Naples and Fano began recognizing same-sex marriages from other jurisdictions in July 2014, followed by Empoli, Pordenone, Udine and Trieste in September, and Florence, Piombino, Milan and Rome in October, and by Bagheria in November. The Italian Council of State annulled these marriages in October 2015. A January 2013 Datamonitor poll found that 54.1% of respondents were in favor of same-sex marriage. A May 2013 Ipsos poll found that 42% of Italians supported allowing same-sex couples to marry and adopt children. An October 2014 Demos poll found that 55% of respondents were in favor of same-sex marriage, with 42% against. A Pew Research Center survey showed that 59% of Italians were in favor of legal recognition of same-sex marriage. On 25 February 2016, the Italian Senate passed a bill allowing civil unions with 173 senators in favor and 73 against. That same bill was approved by the Chamber of Deputies on 11 May 2016 with 372 deputies in favor and 51 against. The President of Italy signed the bill into law on 22 May 2016 and the law went into effect on 5 June 2016. On 31 January 2017, the Italian Supreme Court of Cassation ruled that same-sex marriages performed abroad can be fully recognized by court order, when at least one of the two spouses is a citizen of a European Union country where same-sex marriage is legal. Japan Same-sex marriage is not legal in Japan. Article 24 of the Japanese Constitution states that "Marriage shall be based only on the mutual consent of both sexes and it shall be maintained through mutual cooperation with the equal rights of husband and wife as a basis." Article 24 was created to establish the equality of both sexes in marriage, in opposition to the pre-war legal situation whereby the husband/father was legally defined as the head of household and marriage require permission from the male head of the family. In 2021, the district court in Sapporo ruled that this wording requires recognition of same-sex marriage, with similar suits pending in other district courts. The Tokyo Metropolitan government will start a system that effectively allows same-sex marriage in Japan's capital from April 2022. Since 2015, three prefectures and dozens of municipalities and have begun issuing partnership certificates to same-sex couples that offer limited rights when accessing civil services. According to a 2021 opinion poll, 65% of Japanese people support same-sex marriage, with 22% opposing. Nepal In November 2008, the Supreme Court of Nepal issued final judgment on matters related to LGBT rights, which included permitting same-sex couples to marry. Same-sex marriage and protection for sexual minorities were to be included in the new Nepalese Constitution required to be completed by 31 May 2012. However, the Legislature was unable to agree on the Constitution before the deadline and was dissolved after the Supreme Court ruled that the term could not be extended. The Nepali Constitution was enacted in September 2015, but does not address same-sex marriage. In October 2016, the Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare constituted a committee for the purpose of preparing a draft bill to legally recognize same-sex marriage. Panama On 17 October 2016, a married same-sex couple filed an action of unconstitutionality seeking to recognize same-sex marriages performed abroad. In early November, the case was admitted to the Supreme Court. A challenge seeking to fully legally recognize same-sex marriage in Panama was introduced before the Supreme Court in March 2017. The Supreme Court heard arguments on both cases in summer 2017. As the Supreme Court was deliberating on the two cases, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights ruled on 9 January 2018 that countries signatory to the American Convention on Human Rights must provide for same-sex marriage. On 16 January, the Panamanian Government welcomed the decision. Then Vice President Isabel Saint Malo, speaking on behalf of the Government, announced that the country would fully abide by the ruling. Official notices, requiring compliance with the ruling, were sent out to various governmental departments that same day. A decision in this case is still pending. However under the presidency of the more socially conservative Laurentino Cortizo a constitutional reform was approved by the National Assembly of Panama to ban same-sex marriage by establishing in the Constitution that marriage is between a man and a woman. The reform had to be voted again in 2020 and then submitted to referendum. Peru In a ruling published on 9 January 2017, the 7th Constitutional Court of Lima ordered the RENIEC to recognize and register the marriage of a same-sex couple who had previously wed in Mexico City. RENIEC subsequently appealed the ruling. On 14 February 2017, a bill legally recognizing same-sex marriage was introduced in the Peruvian Congress. The bill never reached Congress for debate in plenary session. The 2018 Inter-American Court of Human Rights ruling regarding the legalization of same-sex marriage in countries that have ratified the American Convention on Human Rights applies to Peru. On 11 January, the president of the Supreme Court of Peru stated that the Peruvian Government should abide by the IACHR ruling. After the 2021 general elections, deputies of the newly-elected Congress from Together for Peru and We are Peru introduced a new bill to Congress legalizing same-sex marriages on 22 October 2021. Philippines Same-sex marriages and civil unions are currently not recognized by the state, the illegal insurgent Communist Party of the Philippines performs same-sex marriages in territories under its control since 2005. In October 2016, Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines Pantaleon Alvarez announced he will file a civil union bill in Congress. The bill was introduced to Congress in October of the following year under the wing of the House Speaker and three other congresspersons, including Geraldine Roman, the country's first duly-elected transgender lawmaker. President Rodrigo Duterte supports the legalization of same-sex marriage. On 19 June 2018, the Supreme Court of the Philippines heard oral arguments in a case seeking to legally recognize same-sex marriage in the Philippines. The court dismissed the case on 3 September 2019 due to "lack of standing" and "failing to raise an actual, justiciable controversy", additionally finding the plaintiff's legal team liable for indirect contempt of court for "using constitutional litigation for propaganda purposes". Slovenia Slovenia recognizes registered partnerships for same-sex couples. In December 2014, the eco-socialist United Left party introduced a bill amending the definition of marriage in the 1976 Marriage and Family Relations Act to include same-sex couples. In January 2015, the Government expressed no opposition to the bill. In February 2015, the bill was passed with 11 votes to 2. In March, the Assembly passed the final bill in a 51–28 vote. On 10 March 2015, the National Council rejected a motion to require the Assembly to vote on the bill again, in a 14–23 vote. Opponents of the bill launched a petition for a referendum and managed to collect 40,000 signatures. The Parliament then voted to block the referendum with a clarification that it would be against the Slovenian Constitution to vote on matters concerning human rights. Finally, the Constitutional Court ruled against the banning of the referendum (5–4) and the referendum was held on 20 December 2015. In the referendum, 63.4% of the voters voted against the law, rendering Parliament's same-sex marriage act invalid. South Korea In July 2015, Kim Jho Kwang-soo and his partner, Kim Seung-Hwan, filed a lawsuit seeking legal status for their marriage after their marriage registration form was rejected by the local authorities in Seoul. On 25 May 2016, a South Korean district court ruled against the couple and argued that without clear legislation a same-sex union can not be recognized as a marriage. The couple quickly filed an appeal against the district court ruling. Their lawyer, Ryu Min-Hee, announced that two more same-sex couples had filed separate lawsuits in order to be allowed to wed. In December 2016, a South Korean appeals court upheld the district court ruling. The couple vowed to bring the case to the Supreme Court of South Korea. In May 2019, Kim Gyu-Jin married her wife in a Manhattan marriage bureau, New York City to obtain a marriage registration. Then they had a factory wedding in Seoul in November. In May 2020, to celebrate the 1st wedding anniversary, Kim Gyu-Jin and her spouse filed a marriage registration with the Jongno-Gu Office but received the notice of non-repair. She shared her same-sex marriage experiences on her blog 'Living as an openly queer in Korea'. After this, she interviewed her experiences including KBS, a Korean national broadcaster on prime time. Another is on the main news page of KakaoTalk, South Korea's leading messaging app. The article received about 10,000 comments, 80 percent of which were negative, she said. Some people told the couple to “Get out of Korea.” Some replies were intensely malicious and threatening. After consulting a lawyer, and pushing the police to talk to portal sites, she sued the 100 most malicious commentators. A 2017 poll found that 41% of South Koreans supported same-sex marriage, while 52% were opposed. Support is significantly higher among younger people, however, with a 2014 opinion poll showing that 60% of South Koreans in their 20s supported same-sex marriage, about double that of 2010 (30.5%). Venezuela In April 2016, the Supreme Court announced it would hear a lawsuit that seeks to declare Article 44 of the Civil Code unconstitutional for outlawing same-sex marriage. President Nicolás Maduro supports same-sex marriage, and has suggested that the National Assembly agree to legally recognize it in 2021. Vietnam In Vietnam, currently only a marriage between a man and a woman is recognized. Vietnam's Ministry of Justice began seeking advice on legalizing same-sex marriage from other governmental and non-governmental organizations in April and May 2012, and planned to further discuss the issue at the National Assembly in Spring 2013. However, in February 2013, the Ministry of Justice requested that the National Assembly avoid action until 2014. The Vietnamese Government abolished an administrative fine imposed on same-sex weddings in 2013. In June 2013, the National Assembly began formal debate on a proposal to establish legal recognition for same-sex marriage. On 27 May 2014, the National Assembly's Committee for Social Affairs removed the provision giving legal status and some rights to cohabiting same-sex couples from the Government's bill to amend the Law on Marriage and Family. The bill was approved by the National Assembly on 19 June 2014. On 1 January 2015, the 2014 Law on Marriage and Family officially went into effect. It states that while Vietnam allows same-sex weddings, it will not offer legal recognition or protection to unions between people of the same sex. References Recognition of same-sex relationships by country

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth%20Granviel

Kenneth Granviel

Kenneth Granviel (August 4, 1950 – February 27, 1996) was an American serial killer, mass murderer and rapist who was responsible for the sexually-motivated murders of seven people in Fort Worth, Texas from 1974 to 1975, most notably the brutal killings of three women and two children. After willingly admitting to the crimes, he was convicted, sentenced to death and executed in 1996, after several delays and challenges to his sentence. Early life Kenneth Granviel was born on August 4, 1950, in Fort Worth. He, along with his half-brother Anthony Jones, were raised solely by his mother Willie Mae Jones in a small house on Charlotte Street. From an early age, Granviel was considered an odd, reclusive child who was often by himself, had few friends and almost never interacted with girls. On March 22, 1967, Granviel entered his mother's bedroom, where he grabbed her by the throat and attempted to rape her. During their scuffle, he managed to come back to his senses, before Granviel stumbled to the front porch and collapsed onto the yard. Soon after the incident, his mother called the police who took the 16-year-old into custody. Due to his odd behavior, he was temporarily interned at the John Peter Smith Hospital, where he remained for ten days. After being temporarily released, Granviel attempted to sexually assault his brother. As a result, he was sent to the Gatesville State School, where he spent the next two and a half years. Murders After his release, Granviel found a job at a letter manufacturing company, where he was described as a reliable and kind employee. His neighbors considered him friendly towards children and active in church activities, and was overall well-regarded by his friends and acquaintances. At one point, he was drafted to serve as a machine gunner in Vietnam, but was dishonorably discharged after being accused of beating up fellow soldiers. At the time, he was dating Everlene Gould, the oldest of three sisters belonging to the McClendon family, who would later claim that he was occasionally violent towards her in arguments. Riverside Village On October 8, 1974, Granviel was driving around the Riverside Village apartment complex when he got the sudden urge to have sex with one of the McClendon sisters, 21-year-old Laura. He drove to the apartment, knocked on the front door and was let in to have a glass of water. At the time, the apartment was occupied by Laura, her 19-year-old sister Linda, 24-year-old cousin Martha, and two children, Steven and Natasha, both 2-year-olds. He went to the kitchen, where Laura and Steven were, grabbed a steak knife and ordered the pair into the bedroom, where he told Laura to tie up her son with a telephone cord. After the other family members came in to investigate, they were all tied up and gagged. He then led Laura to another room, where he began to rape her. At that time, Natasha started crying, prompting Granviel to start stabbing her, before tossing the body onto the floor and stabbed it some more. Next came Linda, who he strangled to death with a piece of cloth, before moving onto Steven, who was shoved into a closet and stabbed so many times that the knife's handle broke. After acquiring another knife from the kitchen, he continued to rape Laura before fatally stabbing her to death. After this, he and the only surviving member, Martha, talked for some time in the same room he had just killed her sister, before he proceeded to stab her to death as well. Granviel then emptied out their purses of all the money and valuables he could find, and left the apartment. They were all later found when the family's stepfather arrived to take the two women to their job at a furniture store. Despite his personal connections with the family, Granviel was never considered a suspect, and two Mexican nationals were arrested for the brutal crime instead. According to later testimonies from friends and co-workers, he occasionally discussed the murders, saying that the man who did it "ought to be hung." South Side On February 8, 1975, feeling the urge to kill again, Granviel lured a friend of his, 24-year-old Betty Williams, into his apartment on the pretense of giving her a package of cigarettes. While she was browsing through the drawers in his bedroom, Granviel crept up behind her and turned her upside down, temporarily dizzying her. He then took off her clothes and began raping her, but he was interrupted by his friend, 21-year-old Vera Hill, who had come to ask him about some income tax. Before she could enter the apartment, Granviel managed to get to the kitchen and grab a knife, then lunged at her, stabbing the woman in the chest. He then continued to stab her in the chest, stomach and back until she fell to the ground, before going back to the bedroom, where he continued his assault on Williams, whom he also beat and stabbed. While she was still breathing, Granviel left the apartment and drove around town, before deciding to stop at a friend's house, where he asked to be let in to use the phone. Once he was let inside, he raped his friend's mother and kept the other family members under watch, before finally kidnapping one of the daughters and fleeing back to his apartment. There, he raped her, but suddenly ceased when he heard a commotion coming from the bedroom. When he checked in, he found that Williams was still alive and attempting to stop the bleeding cause from her wounds, only for Granviel to tell her to stop it, which she did, succumbing to her injuries. Surrender, arrest and investigation Out of an apparent feeling of guilt, Granviel forced his rape victim into the car, where they drove to the local Pilgrim's Galilee Baptist Church and picked up the presiding pastor, Rev. Roy Lee Spearman. On the way to the police station, Granviel said that he "wanted to be taken out of society" and he did not want to harm any more innocent people. Once they arrived at the station, Granviel and Spearman asked for a homicide detective, to which Detective F. D. Raulston responded and brought Granviel to an office. In there, Granviel took out a pistol and a butcher knife, placed them on the table and asked for Lt. Oliver Ball, the lead detective investigating the Riverside Village murders. Ball, along with district attorney Rufus Adcock, were called into the office, and in front of all three of them, Granviel readily confessed to all seven murders. Following his confession, Granviel was immediately detained. On the next day, he led officers to his apartment, where they discovered Williams and Hill's bodies. As a result, he was subsequently charged with seven counts of capital murder and one count of aggravated rape, which made him eligible for the death penalty. As part of a routine investigation, Granviel was investigated as a potential suspect in other killings committed in the Texas area, including the then-unsolved murder of Carla Walker. While he was ruled out in several, he was considered a credible suspect in two: the 1967 murder of 18-year-old Mildred May, whose nude and battered body was found along the I-35W near Fort Worth, since he had already been questioned in the death at the time. The other was the 1974 murder of 18-year-old Cheryl Callaway, who was stabbed 47 times with an ice pick at a parking lot in Arlington. However, he was never charged in either murder, both of which remain unsolved. Trial and sentence In Granviel's subsequent trial, numerous witnesses came forward to testify regarding his odd behavior before and after the murders, including Gould, who was the first witness brought forward. Just days after the trial, Justice Tom Cave allowed the prosecutors to admit Granviel's four-page long confession as evidence, over the objections of his attorneys. During the proceedings, conflicting testimony was given regarding Granviel's sanity, as psychiatrists on the defense claimed that he was a paranoid schizophrenic driven by uncontrollable sexual impulses, while the prosecuting side claimed that he was well aware of what did. Granviel himself, who had pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity, said before the jury that while he acknowledged he was solely responsible for the killings, he was unable to control himself in the moment. In the end, he was unanimously convicted by jury verdict, who recommended that he be given the death penalty. His sentence was automatically appealed, but subsequently upheld by the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals the following year. With his initial execution date set for September 14, 1977, Granviel was scheduled to be the first inmate to be executed under Texas' new lethal injection protocol. This motion was challenged by his attorneys, who argued that this was unconstitutional, as they considered it "even more cruel" than the previous method of electrocution. Eventually, they succeeded in granting him a stay of execution, allowing him to remain on death row for more than 20 years. Execution After several delays and stays of executions, Granviel was executed via lethal injection at the Huntsville Unit on February 27, 1996. He declined to make a final statement. See also Capital punishment in Texas List of people executed in Texas, 1990–1999 List of people executed by lethal injection List of serial killers in the United States External links FindAGrave Granviel v. State (1976) Granviel v. State (1986) References 1950 births 1996 deaths 20th-century American criminals American male criminals Male serial killers American serial killers American murderers of children American mass murderers American rapists American people convicted of murder People convicted of murder by Texas American people convicted of rape 20th-century executions by Texas Executed American serial killers Executed mass murderers People executed by Texas by lethal injection People executed for murder Executed people from Texas Violence against women in the United States Violence against children Criminals from Texas People from Fort Worth, Texas

69549003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grigory%20Spiridov%20%281758%29

Grigory Spiridov (1758)

Grigory Grigorievich Spiridov (1758–1822) was the Moscow chief of police, the actual state councilor. In 1813–15 – Moscow Civil Governor. Representative of the noble family of the Spiridovs. The youngest of the four sons of Catherine's naval commander Grigory Spiridov from his marriage to Anna Nesterova. He began his service as a page, for a long time was an officer in the Semyonovsky Guards Regiment, with the rank of captain he took part in the Swedish War under Catherine II, and at the end of this campaign he retired with the rank of brigadier. Moscow Chief of Police Spiridov was appointed in 1798 under Emperor Paul and held this position for three years until 1800, when his disordered health forced him to retire. But the Napoleonic Wars once again awakened a warlike spirit in him, and he, already a relatively old man, entered in 1805 and in 1812 as a volunteer in the Pereslavl Militia and in its ranks during the Patriotic War participates in numerous skirmishes with units of the French Army. After the expulsion of the French, Spiridov, at the request of his friend Count Fyodor Rostopchin, was first appointed commandant and then civil governor of Moscow. As the latter, he contributed a lot to the restoration of the city, destroyed by the French and the Russians themselves. According to a contemporary, Spiridov in the new post: Along with the resignation of Count Rostopchin, the Actual State Councillor Spiridov also left the service. He died on May 4, 1822 at the age of 64. References Sources Spiridov, Grigory Grigorievich // Russian Biographical Dictionary: in 25 Volumes – Saint Petersburg, 1902 – Volume 12: Obesyaninov – Ochkin – Page 251 1758 births 1822 deaths Moscow Governorate Russian nobility

69549048

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death%20at%20Dyke%27s%20Corner

Death at Dyke's Corner

Death at Dyke's Corner is a 1940 detective novel by E.C.R. Lorac, the pen name of the British writer Edith Caroline Rivett. It is the nineteenth in her long-running series featuring Chief Inspector MacDonald of Scotland Yard, a Golden Age detective who relies on standard police procedure to solve his cases. Synopsis When a stationary car is struck by an oncoming lorry at a very dangerous hairpin bend known as Dyke's Corner and the driver killed it seems an obvious accident. However, MacDonald's methodical investigations reveal it was in fact a cleverly contrived murder. References Bibliography Cooper, John & Pike, B.A. Artists in Crime: An Illustrated Survey of Crime Fiction First Edition Dustwrappers, 1920-1970. Scolar Press, 1995. Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980: A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland Publishing, 1984. Nichols, Victoria & Thompson, Susan. Silk Stalkings: More Women Write of Murder. Scarecrow Press, 1998. Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015. 1940 British novels British mystery novels Novels by E.C.R. Lorac Novels set in England British detective novels Collins Crime Club books

69549211

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Sixteenth%20Stair

The Sixteenth Stair

The Sixteenth Stair is a 1942 detective novel by E.C.R. Lorac, the pen name of the British writer Edith Caroline Rivett. It is the twenty second in her long-running series featuring Chief Inspector MacDonald of Scotland Yard, a Golden Age detective who relies on standard police procedure to solve his cases. Synopsis A nineteenth century villa in St John's Wood has been owned by the Hazely family since it was built, but it now lies abandoned and empty. When an American cousin pays an unexpected visit to the old house, he discovers a body lying at the foot of a staircase with its neck broken. As MacDonald investigates it soon transpires that the house has not been as abandoned as widely thought. References Bibliography Cooper, John & Pike, B.A. Artists in Crime: An Illustrated Survey of Crime Fiction First Edition Dustwrappers, 1920-1970. Scolar Press, 1995. Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980: A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland Publishing, 1984. Nichols, Victoria & Thompson, Susan. Silk Stalkings: More Women Write of Murder. Scarecrow Press, 1998. Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015. 1942 British novels British mystery novels Novels by E.C.R. Lorac Novels set in London British detective novels Collins Crime Club books

69549254

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rope%27s%20End%2C%20Rogue%27s%20End

Rope's End, Rogue's End

Rope's End, Rogue's End is a 1942 detective novel by E.C.R. Lorac, the pen name of the British writer Edith Caroline Rivett. It is the twenty first in her long-running series featuring Chief Inspector MacDonald of Scotland Yard, a Golden Age detective who relies on standard police procedure to solve his cases. It takes the form of the country house mystery, popular during the era. Synopsis Veronica Mallowood summons her various relatives to Wulfstane Manor to discuss the future of the family property, the first time they have all gathered there together since the death of her father. The following day her brother is shot in an apparent suicide, which turns out to be murder. References Bibliography Cooper, John & Pike, B.A. Artists in Crime: An Illustrated Survey of Crime Fiction First Edition Dustwrappers, 1920-1970. Scolar Press, 1995. Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980: A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland Publishing, 1984. Nichols, Victoria & Thompson, Susan. Silk Stalkings: More Women Write of Murder. Scarecrow Press, 1998. Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015. 1942 British novels British mystery novels Novels by E.C.R. Lorac Novels set in England British detective novels Collins Crime Club books

69549388

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Case%20in%20the%20Clinic

Case in the Clinic

Case in the Clinic is a 1941 detective novel by E.C.R. Lorac, the pen name of the British writer Edith Caroline Rivett. It is the twentieth in her long-running series featuring Chief Inspector MacDonald of Scotland Yard, a Golden Age detective who relies on standard police procedure to solve his cases. Synopsis In a small market town the death of the Reverend Anderby in his garden is followed swiftly afterwards by another sudden death leading to local suspicions and the call in of Scotland Yard to investigate. References Bibliography Cooper, John & Pike, B.A. Artists in Crime: An Illustrated Survey of Crime Fiction First Edition Dustwrappers, 1920-1970. Scolar Press, 1995. Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980: A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland Publishing, 1984. Nichols, Victoria & Thompson, Susan. Silk Stalkings: More Women Write of Murder. Scarecrow Press, 1998. Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015. 1941 British novels British mystery novels Novels by E.C.R. Lorac Novels set in England British detective novels Collins Crime Club books

69552330

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death%20of%20an%20Author

Death of an Author

Death of an Author is a 1935 detective novel by E.C.R. Lorac, the pen name of the British writer Edith Caroline Rivett. It is a rare standalone book by Lorac, not featuring Chief Inspector MacDonald of Scotland Yard who appeared in a lengthy series of novels during the Golden Age of Detective Fiction. It was her final novel published by Sampson Low before she switched to the more prestigious Collins Crime Club with whom she remained for the rest of her career. Synopsis Vivian Lestrange, a successful but reclusive crime fiction writer, is reported missing by his secretary Eleanor Clarke. Soon afterwards Lestrange's housekeeper also disappears. Inspector Bond of the local police and War of Scotland Yard join forces to try and solve the mystery, including the possibility that Clarke is herself Lestrange trying to drum up publicity. Before long it becomes clear that this is a case of murder. References Bibliography Cooper, John & Pike, B.A. Artists in Crime: An Illustrated Survey of Crime Fiction First Edition Dustwrappers, 1920-1970. Scolar Press, 1995. Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980: A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland Publishing, 1984. Nichols, Victoria & Thompson, Susan. Silk Stalkings: More Women Write of Murder. Scarecrow Press, 1998. Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015. 1935 British novels British mystery novels Novels by E.C.R. Lorac Novels set in London British detective novels

69552371

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town%20Hall%20%28Orneta%29

Town Hall (Orneta)

The Town Hall (Ratusz) is a Gothic building in Orneta in Warmia. The building is renowned as a prime example of secular North German brick Gothic architecture. History The Town Hall was built in 1384 at the time of the German settlement of the area under the Teutonic Order on the site of a previous building. As in other places, the Dortmund Old Town Hall was the model. From the 15th century, brick merchants' stalls were added to the town hall. After the collapse of the eastern facade in the 17th century, the arcade was omitted during reconstruction, and the building was provided with a riding tower. In 1777, a guardroom for the city police was added to the northern side. At times, the entrance to the town hall was privately owned, so the city government could legally enter the town hall only with private permission. In 1907-1908 the gables, roof and windows of the building were renovated, in 1920 the interior was rebuilt and a new entrance with stairs to the east side was created. During the Second World War, the building was severely damaged. After Polish annexation of the area, demolition of some of the surrounding buildings began in 1955. Architecture The brick building on a rectangular ground plan has a length of 40 meters and two floors. The cellars were covered with vaults and divided into a series of chambers with their own loading openings. In the basement there was a large one-room market hall with meat stalls and bread benches. The building is covered with a gable roof, supported on its shorter sides by Gothic stepped gables, which dominates the image of the building. References Tourist attractions in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship City and town halls in Poland

69552647

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaturun%20Siripongs

Jaturun Siripongs

Jaturun Siripongs (, October 19, 1951 – February 9, 1999) was a Thai national who was executed by the state of California for the December 1981 murders of two people during a robbery in Garden Grove, California. Siripongs maintained that he was involved in the robbery but was not the actual killer. Ultimately, he was convicted and sentenced to death in 1983 and was subsequently executed in 1999 at San Quentin State Prison by lethal injection. Early life Siripongs was born on October 19, 1951, in Thailand. He was born into poverty and was raised in a brothel after his parents separated. He was physically abused and grew up in a rat-infested compound without running water or electricity. At age 20, he was shot in the head while robbing a department store in Thailand. He was convicted for participating in the robbery and served time in a Thai prison. Following his release from prison for good behavior, he trained as a monk at a Buddhist monastery and then got a job as a cook on a cargo ship. He later aided the U.S. drug authorities in a sting operation and acquired money that allowed him to buy passage to the United States. Murders On December 15, 1981, the bodies of 36-year-old Packovan “Pat” Wattanaporn and 52-year-old Quach Nguyen were found in the storeroom of a retail store in Garden Grove, California. Wattanaporn, who managed the store, had been strangled to death, while Nguyen, who worked as an employee, had suffered multiple stab wounds to the head and neck. Arrest and trial Two days later, on December 17, Siripongs attempted to make purchases using credit cards that belonged to Wattanaporn. Because of this, police arrested him and took him in for questioning. Bloodstains found at the crime scene matched Siripong's blood type, and he had multiple cuts on his fingers. It was then learned that Siripongs occasionally worked at the same retail store. A search of his car and home revealed he owned a knife that was similar to the weapon that had been used to kill Nguyen. Several pieces of Wattanaporn's jewelry were also discovered, and dried blood was found inside his car. Siripongs was convicted of burglary, robbery, and two counts of first-degree murder. On April 22, 1983, an Orange County jury sentenced him to death. Siripongs admitted that he took part in the robbery but always claimed the murders were committed by an accomplice he refused to name. His defense attorneys said his accomplice was the 17-year-old sister of his girlfriend, who was a key witness at his trial. She had since returned to Thailand, however. In December 1995, a federal judge conducted an eight-day hearing and found no evidence that supported the idea of Siripongs having an accomplice. Execution Siripongs was initially scheduled for execution in November 1998, but the execution was blocked by a federal judge. On December 14, 1998, an Orange County Superior Court Judge signed a new execution order for Siripongs, setting an execution date for February 9, 1999. Multiple groups of people tried to appeal the execution, including Pope John Paul II, the husband of Wattanaporn who was a Buddhist, two of the jurors at his trial, and the former warden of San Quentin State Prison, who, despite attempting to spare Siripongs life, was a supporter of capital punishment. The government of Thailand also asked that Siripongs life be spared and that he return to his native country to serve a life sentence. Governor Gray Davis rejected the offer and denied Siripongs clemency. He stated "Model behavior cannot bring back the lives of the two innocent murder victims." Although many opposed the execution, some supported it, including Wattanaporn's son. At Siripongs' clemency hearing, he stated, "What he did, he should pay for." On February 9, 1999, Siripongs was executed at San Quentin State Prison by lethal injection. His last meal consisted of two cans of Lucky Arctic iced tea and two cups of Mission Pride canned peaches. He had no last words, and was pronounced dead at 12:19 a.m. Outside San Quentin State Prison on the night of his execution, anti death penalty advocates clashed with death penalty supporters. Punches were thrown, causing Marin County police to separate the two groups. Throughout his time on death row, Siripongs was described as a model inmate, who believed he would be reincarnated following his execution. He wished to be cremated and have his ashes scattered at sea. See also Capital punishment in California Capital punishment in the United States List of people executed in California References 1951 births 1999 deaths 20th-century executions by California Jaturun Siripongs People convicted of murder by California People executed by California by lethal injection People executed for murder Jaturun Siripongs

69552648

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith%20Daniel%20Williams

Keith Daniel Williams

Keith Daniel Williams (June 6, 1947 – May 3, 1996) was an American triple murderer who was executed by the state of California for the October 1978 murders of three people in Merced, California. He was convicted and sentenced to death in 1979 and was subsequently executed in 1996 at San Quentin State Prison by lethal injection. Early life Williams was born on June 6, 1947, in Pittsburg, California. He was born prematurely to a single mother who drank during his pregnancy and miscarried his twin brother. As a child, he was described as sickly, and had trouble sleeping, eating, and holding down food. Williams' mother married another man in 1948, who treated Williams poorly. His mother would later testify that the family dog was treated better than he was. The family moved frequently and lived in houses, motels, tents, and even a converted chicken coop. As a teenager, he had multiple accidents, including being struck in the head by an irrigation pipe during a traffic accident and a motorcycle crash that caused him to lapse into a coma. Family members say the accidents altered his memory, in addition to giving him headaches, blackouts, and seizures. Williams dropped out of high school to work as a ranch hand and began taking drugs and drinking heavily. In the early 1960s, he was convicted of several burglaries, auto theft, and attempted forgery. He spent time in the California Youth Authority for juvenile offenders, which supposedly increased his mental problems due to the violence around him. In 1976, Williams stabbed his best friend and attempted suicide. According to doctors and defense lawyers, Williams suffered from bipolar disorder, which came on during his 20s. After he tried to commit suicide, he checked into the Clairmont Community Hospital in San Diego, but his reckless behavior continued. By 1977, Williams had been arrested eleven times and had spent nearly a third of his life in prison for various offenses. He was a father who had been married twice; however, both marriages ended in divorce. He resided in Corning near his family. Murders In September 1978, Williams met 26-year-old Robert Leslie Tyson while working on a remodeling job. The two men worked odd jobs and committed several offenses together, including stealing from their employer. Amongst the stolen items was a gun, which Williams kept for himself. On September 30, Williams, accompanied by his ex-wife, ex-wife's cousin, Tyson, and Tyson's wife, drove to Modesto. On the way, the car broke down, and the five were stranded. Nearby was a camper, which Williams and Tyson decided to rob. The pair ordered the couple out of the vehicle at gunpoint, stole the vehicle, and drove off, with Williams firing off several rounds over their heads into the air. The pair pawned some of the stolen goods but kept several items back for a yard sale organized by Tyson's wife. On October 6, 31-year-old Miguel Vargas, accompanied by his girlfriend, 25-year-old Lourdes Meza, met Williams and Tyson at the yard sale. Williams expressed interest in purchasing Vargas' car, a 1973 Plymouth Road Runner. Vargas said he would sell the car to Williams for US$1,500. On October 7, Williams agreed to the deal and handed Vargas a check for $1,500. Vargas said he would not turn over the pink slip for the vehicle until the check cleared the bank. The check, however, had been stolen from the camper, and Williams knew it would not clear. He had also noticed Vargas carried around with him cash which Williams wanted for himself. He came up with a plan to rob and kill Vargas and take his property, speaking of how easy it would be to carry out the crime. On October 8, Williams and Tyson headed to Vargas' home in Merced, arriving at around 7:00 p.m. that evening. Vargas and Meza were at the house along with several others, including 41-year-old Salvador Macias. Everyone sat around downstairs discussing the sale of the car as well as the sale of a gun Williams owned, which Vargas was interested in buying. By 9:30 p.m. everyone had left, and Williams and Tyson headed outside. They took out guns from the car and returned to the house, with Williams pointing a gun at Vargas and holding it to his neck. Tyson turned the situation into a joke, and they both left. Fifteen minutes later, they returned, this time both armed and serious. Tyson held Vargas at gunpoint downstairs while Williams headed upstairs to deal with Macias and Meza, who were the only people left in the house. He then ordered Tyson to take care of Meza downstairs while he handled Macias and Vargas upstairs. After asking Vargas where the check was, he shot both Macias and Vargas twice each, killing them. He then stole two guns, Meza's purse, and the check. Tyson, however, could not kill Meza, so Williams prepared to and began shooting her, causing Tyson to freak out. Instead, they took Meza with them and drove away in the car. Williams had sex with Meza in the back of the car during the drive. After driving for over an hour, they stopped in a remote area near Tuolumne City. Williams then took Meza from the car and fatally shot her four times, leaving her naked body abandoned in a field. Capture and trial The following day, a relative went to the home of Vargas and found the bodies of both Vargas and Macias. They were found lying face down on the floor and had both been shot in the back of the head. Five days later, Tyson surrendered to the police and gave himself up. He then led police to Meza's naked body, which was still located in the field where Williams had shot her to death. She had been raped and shot four times, although Williams would later claim the sex was consensual. On November 24, 1978, Williams was captured by police in Kingman, Arizona. He later admitted to all three murders in a videotaped confession. On December 22, 1978, Williams was charged with three counts of murder. On January 2, 1979, he pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity. On March 23, 1979, the trial for Williams began, with Tyson being the main witness for the prosecution. On April 6, the jury found Williams guilty on all three counts of murder. He was acquitted of the rape of Meza because the body was too decomposed for it to be proven that Williams had raped her. On April 10, the jury found Williams was sane when he committed the murders. On April 13, trial judge Donald Fretz sentenced Williams to death. For his role in the murders, Tyson was sentenced to three concurrent 25-year-to-life sentences. Appeals On May 16, 1983, Williams filed the first of a series of appeals in federal and state courts claiming there were problems with his case and that his trial lawyer had been incompetent. On March 14, 1988, the Supreme Court of California issued an opinion affirming the conviction of Williams. On August 18, Williams appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States. On October 11, the court denied the petition. On February 21, 1989, Williams filed a new petition and requested a stay of execution in a United States district court. On March 8, the court issued a stay of execution. On February 9, 1993, a United States district court denied Williams' petition and removed the stay of execution. On April 22, Williams filed a notice of appeal in the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. On April 7, 1995, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed the district court's judgment. On December 8, Williams filed a petition in the United States Supreme Court. On February 20, 1996, the Supreme Court of the United States denied Williams' petition. On March 11, 1996, a Merced County Superior Court Judge set an execution date for Williams for May 3, 1996. On April 17, Williams' lawyer filed a clemency request. Five days later, on April 22, friends and relatives of Williams spoke at the clemency hearing while lawyers filed new appeals in federal and state court. On April 24, Governor Pete Wilson denied clemency to Williams, allowing the execution to proceed. Execution On May 3, 1996, in the execution chamber at San Quentin State Prison, at 12:03 a.m., the prison warden gave the order to begin the execution. Williams was executed via lethal injection and was pronounced dead at 12:08 a.m. His last meal consisted of fried pork chops, a baked potato with real butter, asparagus, salad with bleu cheese dressing, apple pie, and whole milk. He spent his final day with his attorneys and a spiritual advisor. He had no last words. Some of the family members of the victims supported the execution, while others opposed it. The daughter of Macias opposed the execution. The son of Vargas, however, described him as a cold, brutal murderer who deserved his punishment. He was quoted as saying, "He should have been dead a long time ago." See also Capital punishment in California Capital punishment in the United States List of people executed in California References 1947 births 1996 deaths 20th-century executions by California 20th-century executions of American people American people convicted of murder Criminals from California Executed people from California People convicted of murder by California People executed by California by lethal injection People executed for murder People from Pittsburg, California

69554155

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy%20O%27Dea%20%28activist%29

Jimmy O'Dea (activist)

James O'Dea (19 October 1935 – 27 November 2021) was a New Zealand trade unionist and activist. Biography O'Dea was born in Newcastle West, County Limerick, Ireland, on 19 October 1935 to an unwed mother, and placed in a Catholic orphanage. His mother later reclaimed him from the orphanage and brought him up on her own. When he was 17 years old, O'Dea moved to England to work. He subsequently moved to Australia, working in the mining industry around Alice Springs and witnessing discrimination against Aboriginal Australians. O'Dea settled in New Zealand in 1956, and worked on the construction of the Meremere Power Station, where he became active in trade unions. In 1958, he married Katherine Cummings, and the couple went on to have three children. After divorcing in the 1970s, he remarried in the 1980s and had two more sons. After Māori psychiatrist Henry Bennett was refused service in the lounge bar of the Papakura Hotel in 1959, O'Dea became involved in anti-racism and Māori land rights activities. He participated in the 1975 land march as a volunteer bus driver, resigning from his job to do so, and went on to take part in other significant land protests including the occupations of the Raglan Golf Course and Bastion Point in the 1970s, and at Ihumātao in the late 2010s. O'Dea took part in protests against the 1981 Springbok tour, suffering a beating by police officers near Eden Park on the day of the final match of the tour. He was involved in on-the-water protests against visiting American warships in the 1970s and 1980s, campaigned for a united Ireland, and resisted the removal and redevelopment of state houses in the Auckland suburb of Glen Innes in 2012. A member of the Communist Party and a life-long unionist, O'Dea believed that class-based politics were the only means of achieving freedom and justice for working people. John Minto has described O'Dea as a "genuine champion of the working class". O'Dea died in hospital in Auckland on 27 November 2021, aged 86. References 1935 births 2021 deaths People from Newcastle West Irish emigrants to Australia Irish emigrants to New Zealand Naturalised citizens of New Zealand New Zealand activists New Zealand trade unionists New Zealand anti-nuclear activists New Zealand human rights activists New Zealand left-wing activists

69554797

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archiphylax

Archiphylax

The Archiphylax was an official of the Lycian League who was charged with collecting the taxes that the Lycians were required to pay to Rome. The Lycian League guaranteed Rome that their taxes would be paid in full and on time and so the Archiphylax was entrusted with this responsibility. He may choose to pay out of his own pocket as an advance and collect the taxes from the individual cities as a reimbursement. If a city did not pay him the full amount owed it resulted in a financial loss to the Archiphylax which made the job a large financial burden. He was expected to collect the taxes peacefully. The post of Archiphylax was often held by young men from aristocratic families and was often considered the first step in a political career. There are some recorded cases of a father holding this position on behalf of his young son. the Archiphylax was also charged with maintaining “Peace and order” which suggests that his office saw him as the head of a police force as well as being given certain tasks by the governor. He may also have a subordinate federal official known as a Hypophylax who assisted him in his role as keeper of the peace. References History of the Roman Empire Lycians

69555023

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Jackal%20of%20Pupunahue

The Jackal of Pupunahue

José Misael Roldán Concha better known as The Jackal of Pupunahue () was a Chilean man known for the brutal murder of a woman and five of her seven children. José Misael came from a poor family and had numerous siblings. He dropped out from school at 13 years of age and began working in agriculture and coal mining. During his work in coal mining, he killed a foreman, was subsequently fired and attempted to escape to Argentina. He did eventually surrender to the police and was sentenced to four years of prison to be done at Victoria. Because of good behaviour in prison José Misael was sat on probation after his second year in prison. Hours before the murder José Misael had been at the police station of Antilhue to sign, as this was a condition of the probation. In the night of June 7, 1957 José Misael, who was in a state of heavy inebriation, had dinner with his elderly parents and some of his brothers. He then went to buy fruit at the shop of Laura Díaz Díaz, a neighbour of his family. On the way he grabbed an iron. According to his later declarations José Misael had gone to Laura's shop to buy fruit because he was thirsty. Laura's husband was by then working at a night shift in the coal mine at the time. Once Laura got back with the oranges José Misael had ordered he begun an unprovoked and indiscriminate attack with the iron. The murders occurred in the locality of Pupunahue in the commune of Máfil, southern Chile. At the time of the murder, José Misael was 27 years old. Reportedly the murders were followed by acts of necrophilia and an arson attempt to erase evidence. The murder became known when 11-year old Nora Gómez Díaz, whom José Misael believed dead, woke up following the attack and warned the police. He was condemned to execution by the second court of Valdivia () a verdict that was upheld by the Supreme Court of Chile. President Carlos Ibáñez del Campo eventually got involved in the case granting clemency to José Misael whose sentence was changed to life imprisonment. José Misael died in prison. See also The Jackal of Nahueltoro References La Cuarta (December 20, 2006) – Chacal de Pupunahue masacró a fierrazos a humilde mujer y cinco de sus hijos , La Cuarta</ref> Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Chile Chilean prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment Chilean people convicted of murder Chilean mass murderers People from Valdivia Province

69555614

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gehraiyaan%20%28film%29

Gehraiyaan (film)

Gehraiyaan () is a 2022 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film directed by Shakun Batra who also wrote the script with Ayesha Devitre, Sumit Roy and Yash Sahai. Jointly produced by Dharma Productions, Viacom18 Studios and Jouska Films, the film stars Deepika Padukone, Siddhant Chaturvedi, Ananya Panday, Dhairya Karwa with Naseeruddin Shah and Rajat Kapoor in supporting roles. The film premiered on 11 February 2022 on Amazon Prime Video. Plot Alisha, a 30-year-old yoga instructor, is working on an app and is struggling to find investors while providing for her unemployed writer boyfriend, Karan with whom she feels suffocated. She also suffers from anxiety after dealing with her mother's suicide as a child, and is estranged from her father. Alisha's paternal cousin, Tia, is newly engaged to Zain and invites the couple to their Alibaug beach house. Zain and Alisha quickly bond due to their traumatic past and begin to flirt with each other. After the trip Alisha kisses him, regretting it after. Alisha learns that Karan has allowed Tia to read his draft and feels hurt as she had been asking to read his draft for a long time. She allows Zain back in and they begin an affair. Zain gets his business to invest in Alisha's app. He reveals to Alisha that his father was violent toward him and his mother, which encouraged his move to America. During Alisha's birthday party, Karan proposes to her, and she accepts. She decides to end things with Zain to focus on her new life. After finding out Karan failed to tell her that his book has been rejected, Alisha ends their engagement. Zain tells her he will end things with Tia after he returns Tia's investment and they continue their affair. Zain's company again invests in Alisha's app and provides her with a new yoga studio. At Zain and Tia's anniversary party, Alisha reveals to Zain that she is pregnant. Zain's company is placed under investigation when one of his investors is caught for money laundering. After Tia finds Alisha's anxiety pills in Zain's jacket, he appeases her by saying he is stressed from work. Alisha's yoga studio is sealed by officers and she confronts Zain. Zain's business partner Jitesh deduces the truth about Zain and Alisha. Tia agrees to mortgage the Alibaug Beach House to save the company but Zain sells it instead, convinced he can buy it back in a year. At Alibaug, Tia accuses him of having an affair and asks to see his phone. When he shows her, she feels guilty and signs the papers. Karan tells Alisha that Tia is helping Zain with his company and both are in Alibaug. An angry Alisha gives Zain an ultimatum to reveal the truth to Tia or she will. Zain calls Alisha to his yacht and lies that he ended things with Tia. Alisha sees him mixing pills in her drink. Horrified, she tells Zain she wants to get back to land. Zain sees Tia's incoming call on Alisha's phone and asks her to decline; when she refuses, he attempts to push her overboard but slips and drowns to sea and dies. A frightened Alisha rushes back home, where she has a miscarriage. Tia calls the police and they find Zain's body. Jitesh who knew about Zain's plan threatens Alisha to get him the signed papers or he will tell everyone the truth. Alisha does so and Jitesh covers up Zain's death as a suicide. Tia reveals to Alisha that her father had an affair with Alisha's mother and has left the Alibaug Beach House in Alisha's name. Depressed, Alisha attempts to commit suicide but is interrupted by her father. In not wanting to feel suffocated like her mother, Alisha realises she has ended up exactly like her. She questions why he never told her the truth about her mother but he says he did not want her mother's life to be defined by one mistake. Two years later, Alisha now has a better relationship with her father and attends Karan's engagement party, where she meets Tia. Tia wonders if revealing the truth was right but Alisha reassures her it was. Tia, who is still unaware of everything that happened between Zain and Alisha, agrees to mend their relationship. Karan introduces them to his fiancée's grandmother who recognises Alisha instantly after she and Zain had helped her and her husband from a stranded boat. Alisha stares blankly at the woman, realising that she can't escape the past without confronting it. Cast Deepika Padukone as Alisha "Al" Khanna Ananya Anand as Young Alisha Khanna Siddhant Chaturvedi as Zain Oberoi Ananya Panday as Tia Khanna Arzoo as Young Tia Khanna Dhairya Karwa as Karan Arora Naseeruddin Shah as Vinod Khanna Imran Chappar as Young Vinod Khanna Rajat Kapoor as Jitesh Vihaan Chaudhary as Bejoy Sen (Banker) Pavleen Gujral as Sonali Khanna Deepak Kripalani as Raman Arora Kanika Dang as Neetu Arora Natasha Rastogi as Mrs. Khanna, Tia's mother Anup Sharma as Mr. Khanna, Tia's father Shataf Figar as Ranjeet Yamini Joshi as Sejal Production Development In April 2019, Shakun Batra was reported to direct the biopic on Osho, which was shelved. During the 21st edition of the MAMI film festival in October 2019, Batra was reported to direct Deepika Padukone in the lead, labelling the film's genre as domestic noir. In December 2019, Padukone went to the office of Dharma Productions and met Batra, where a script discussion about the film was held for a few minutes. Impressed by the narration, Padukone confirmed that she had a part in the film. In mid-December 2019, it was further reported that Vicky Kaushal and Siddhant Chaturvedi were reported to be playing the male leads, and another actress was reported to be on-board for the project. The latter was finalized and, in the very same month, Ananya Panday was finalized as the second female lead. Dhairya Karwa was cast in a leading role in March 2020. Filming Pre-production of the film began in March 2020. Initially, filming was to proceed in Sri Lanka, however, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown, the shoot was delayed by six months and moved to Goa, owing to its similar landscapes. The first schedule began in September 2020 and lasted approximately one month. The team returned to Mumbai in November 2020, where filming resumed for another month. Shooting for the next schedule commenced in Mumbai at the end of March 2021. Filming was wrapped up in August 2021. After being known as Production No. 70 for two years, a teaser was released on 20 December 2021, revealing the title of the film as Gehraiyaan. Music The film's music and original score is composed by independent musical duo Kabeer Kathpalia (OAFF) and Savera Mehta, in their mainstream film debut. Kausar Munir and Ankur Tewari wrote the lyrics for the songs. The track featured in the announcement teaser of the film is the Hindi version of "Frontline" sung by Lothika Jha and the Hindi lyrics were written by Tewari. Release The film released globally on 11 February 2022, through Amazon Prime Video. Reception The film received mixed reviews, with critics praising the performances of the cast, visuals, music and tone but criticizing the pace, story, direction and predictability. Sanjana Jadhav of Pinkvilla gave the film a rating of 4 out of 5 and wrote "Shakun Batra's Gehraiyaan is a deep dive into individual and family's past choices, relationships and why we do, what we do. The director has successfully struck a balance of intimacy, shock, grief and above all love". Renuka Vyavahare of The Times Of India gave the film 3.5 out of 5 and wrote "Shakun Batra tries to decode complex human behaviour and its consequences, through a story that's tough to narrate". Phuong Le of The Guardian rated the film 3 out of 5 and said "While the lurid twists and turns are enjoyable in a 90s erotic thriller kind of way, the sudden shift towards suspense hampers Padukone's performance. And what a performance it is!" Shubhra Gupta of The Indian Express gave the film 2 out of 5 and wrote "The foursome of Deepika Padukone, Ananya Panday, Siddhant Chaturvedi and Dhairya Karwa should have been a throbbing hot mess, but the film doesn't go deep enough". Saibal Chatterjee of NDTV gave the film 2 out of 5 and wrote "The film is about youthful, adventurous love, but it is utterly devoid of humour and zing. When it tries to lighten up, it falls flat". Shantanu Ray Chaudhari of The Free Press Journal gave the film 1 out of 5 and wrote "The writing veers between the trite and the ridiculous." References External links Films postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic Indian films Hindi-language films Amazon Prime Video original films Films shot in Mumbai

69555762

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022%20Malaysian%20floods

2021–2022 Malaysian floods

On 16 December 2021, a tropical depression made landfall on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia, bringing torrential downpours throughout the peninsula for three days. The resulting floods, affecting eight states across the country, have left at least 54 dead and 2 missing. During its furthest extent, it caused the concurrent displacement of more than 71,000 residents, and have affected over 125,000 people on the overall. Declared by government officials as a "once in a century" disaster, it is the worst flood in the country in terms of displaced residents since the 2014–2015 Malaysia floods. It has also been historically compared with the 1971 Kuala Lumpur floods. It is the deadliest tropical cyclone-related disaster to hit Malaysia since Tropical Storm Greg of 1996, which killed 238 people and left 102 more missing. Record-high precipitations were measured at weather stations at Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. Widespread damages were reported at the states of Selangor and Pahang, especially the district of Hulu Langat and the city of Shah Alam. The Malaysian government has suffered criticism over its delayed response and apathy towards the disaster. Scientists, climate activists, and the media have largely made connections of this disaster as an example of extreme weather attributed to climate change. Weather events On 14 December 2021, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) upgraded a westward-moving low-pressure area to a tropical depression. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) began monitoring the system by the next day, noting the presence of a consolidated low-level circulation within the system. The system's chances of developing into a tropical cyclone slowly increased, and on 16 December at 17:30 UTC, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) for the system despite the outflow of Typhoon Rai partially exposing the system's low-level circulation. By 21:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation 29W as it continued over marginally favorable developmental conditions. Shortly after, at 23:00 UTC, the depression made landfall north of the city of Kuantan at the state of Pahang, and began to weaken afterwards, prompting the JTWC to issue its final advisory on the system by the next day. The JMA stopped monitoring the system on 17 December at 12:00 UTC. Preparations Prior to the floods, the Kelantan Welfare Department prepared RM1.3 million (US$309,500) for relief efforts. The National Disaster Command Centre (NDCC or NADMA) had planned 5,731 temporary shelters (known locally by its Malay abbreviation, PPS) that could accommodate over 1.6 million victims across the nation for emergency purposes. On 16 December, the Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMA or MetMalaysia) issued an orange alert for all districts of Kelantan and Terengganu and yellow alerts for Pahang, Perak, Kedah and Penang until 17 December. On the same day, flood warnings were issued by the National Flood Forecasting and Warning Centre (PRABN) to two districts at Kelantan (Kuala Krai District and Jeli District). The NDCC advised on the activation of state- and district-level disaster management committees following the alert. MetMalaysia subsequently issued an amber alert for persisted rainfalls across the Klang Valley. This alert was later raised to a red alert (the maximum level), and was expanded to neighbouring states, including Pahang. The Klang Gates Dam released 25 percent of its reservoir in stages after water levels exceeded acceptable ranges. By 18 December, flood operation centres were activated in all districts of Kelantan. Later that night, Tuan Ibrahim, the Minister of Environment and Water, released an emergency statement requesting immediate preparations at Kuala Lumpur from floods after the breaching of four main rivers across the city. The SMART Tunnel was activated amidst the increasing precipitation, and achieved record-high diversion volumes of approximately five-million cubic meters of flood water. Staff and displaced residents of relief centres were regularly screened for COVID-19 to prevent outbreaks from occurring. Impact Tropical Depression 29W's crossing of central Malaysia brought long periods of sustained downpours. Several meteorological records were broken during the process. A weather station at Sentul recorded a peak daily rainfall of , equivalent to a month's worth of rainfall at the region. It was followed by measurements of at Sungai Bonus Tun Abdul Razak, at Jinjang, and at Gombak. Amirudin Shari, the Menteri Besar of Selangor, was notified by the Selangor Department of Irrigation and Drainage that the state had received of rainfall. Previously, the state's highest rainfall measurements were at . During its furthest extent, 71,000 people from eight states were evacuated to emergency shelters. The NDCC announced a refined figure of 69,134 people displaced on 21 December. On 23 December, Inspector-General of Police Acryl Sani Abdullah Sani announced the displacement figures at 68,341 people. Some portions of the Federal Highway, New Klang Valley Expressway (NKVE), and the Karak Highway were exposed to landslides and flooding, which made them entirely impassable. At the Karak Highway, 450 motorists were stranded for two days before they were rescued. 226 people were rescued from the NKVE. The Kemuning-Shah Alam Highway (LKSA), which faced minor flooding, was closed for two days. NDCC estimated that 224 roads (126 state, 98 federal) were disrupted by circumstances related to the floods. 333 electrical substations from six states were closed down for safety reasons, leading to power cuts. At least 181 COVID-19 cases were detected among evacuees. Health Minister Khairy Jamaluddin warned on 20 December that the disaster could lead to an increase in infections in the country. Kelantan Kelantan was among the first states to receive heavy rainfall from Tropical Depression 29W. Five rivers in Kelantan recorded rises in water levels on 16 December, of which three achieved dangerous levels for the next two days. On 17 December, multiple districts of Kelantan were flooded, leading to the evacuation of 548 inhabitants from four districts, housed in eight temporary shelters. Two patients infected with COVID-19 had to be evacuated to Gua Musang Hospital to prevent the spread of infection among other evacuees. By 18 December, the floods reached Pasir Mas. The first death was reported that day, after the body of a factory operator—who had fallen off a motorcycle while riding through a flooded road—was discovered at 2:22pm near a Chinese cemetery at Gambang. The number of evacuated victims rose to 1,084, with 17 shelters set up statewide in five districts. Police have been deployed to the Sultan's Pier at Kota Bharu "to prevent crowds from going there to watch the rising river". The displaced victims peaked at 2,632 later that day, but has dropped constantly since then. The figure dropped during the subsequent week to within a thousand people, and by 24 December, the figure was 974 in five different temporary shelters. The Menteri Besar of Kelantan, Ahmad Yakob, drew comparisons between these floods in his state and the 2014-15 floods, which faced similar issues. Terengganu Minor flooding prior to the landfall of 29W on 3 December left 140 people displaced at Setiu and Besut for several days. On 16 December, when 29W crossed Kelantan, two rivers were reported to have exceeded their respective danger levels (Dungun River and Tebak River). The first temporary shelter was opened at an elementary school at Setiu. It was followed by another temporary shelter at the town hall of Dungun. There were 21 displaced victims. By 18 December, the figure rose slightly to 63, and peaked at 285 by the end of the day. However, as the extent of the floods at the state were minor, only 9 evacuees remain three days later. The last temporary shelter, at Kemaman, was closed on 21 December. On 30 December, continuous rainfall was again observed in the state. At 4 pm, Dungun became the first to receive flooding, when 69 people were evacuated to a temporary shelter at the district. By late night, the Terengganu state Disaster Management Secretariat was informed that major rivers at Besut, Dungun, and Hulu Terengganu had breached their respective danger levels. By 31 December, the number of evacuees rose to 388. They were housed in two temporary shelters at Dungun. Selangor and Kuala Lumpur Selangor and Kuala Lumpur suffered the most rainfall throughout the event. MetMalaysia issued the severest alert for 8 districts at the state for continuous rainfall since 17 December for 4 days. However, floods had already been present at Sepang, Hulu Langat and Klang a day before the warning was issued. 16 rivers had breached the danger level by then. On 18 December, 3,086 victims were displaced in 30 temporary shelters, the majority being at Klang. An extra 11 shelters were set up later that day. 93 water pumps were deployed to remove the floodwaters at the scene, while 134 floodgates were closed to prevent overflows from high tides. Residents of Kajang and Salak Tinggi were advised to evacuate. The main electrical substation at Glenmarie exploded during the night, causing a blackout across some parts of Shah Alam. Two water treatment plants were shut down from the floods, leading to water cuts at 472 areas across Klang Valley. Another plant was forced to limit water outputs due to water quality issues. Water supply trucks could not reach the affected regions as most roads were closed down or cut off from the floods. The Shah Alam City Council (MBSA) published an announcement on the evening refraining people from entering Shah Alam and Klang. At Kuala Lumpur, large tracts of Dataran Merdeka, Jalan Masjid India and Kampung Kasipillay were flooded. Flood waters between the main roads connecting the town of Meru and Bukit Raja were measured with a depth of . Dozens of residents, who failed to return to their homes in time, were forced to sleep in their cars. The number of flood victims doubled overnight. On 19 December, 6,242 victims were displaced. In a tweet, the Menteri Besar of Selangor welcomed boat owners to assist in relief efforts, which were coordinated by the state government via the Smart Selangor Operations Centre (SSOC). The severity of the situation has caused the state government to approach the Prime Minister, Ismail Sabri Yaakob, and Minister of Defence, Hishamuddin Hussein, for federal intervention and assistance on the evacuation and humanitarian aid for flood victims. The federal government, although not expecting the situation at Selangor, mobilised federal resources shortly after. Tenaga Nasional, the only electric utility company in Malaysia, announced power disruptions at 82 areas at Klang. The number of displaced victims surpassed 15,000 during the day. The number of temporary shelters meanwhile had increased to 108. The first death at the state was reported the same day, when a body was discovered way from an apartment at Section 22 of Shah Alam. Videos and images of the discovery went viral across social media networks. Flood waters began to recede on 20 December. On 4 am, the Selangor State Contingent Police Headquarters informed that 73 roads were closed in the state. The number of displaced victims increased to 32,044 in 162 temporary shelters, the peak figure of the state. Three COVID-19 assessment centres (CAC) in Petaling and Hulu Langat was closed due to the floods. The Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) had identified at least 40 different locations that were cleared of fallen trees. On 8am of 21 December, there were 30,632 displaced victims, by 4.30 pm, the figure had dropped to 26,647. Fifteen people were confirmed to have died from the flood. The death toll rose to 24 the next day. An anonymous source had reported to Free Malaysia Today that members of the Armed Forces had involved themselves in rescue efforts without any orders from the NDCC, and that the Selangor state government were reluctant to call for the help from the Armed Forces in rescue operations. The reports have since been denied by the state government. An apartment in Shah Alam was declared unsafe after concerns over the structural integrity of the complex following the floods. Residents were evacuated to relief shelters under the accordance by local authorities. Taman Sri Muda (Shah Alam) The township of Taman Sri Muda, located at Shah Alam, recorded 14 deaths. The township was entirely flooded and suffered catastrophic damage. 16 pumps were used to expedite the pumping process at Sri Muda. There was a lack of food for two days at the township, leading to looting at several inundated convenience stores and supermarkets during the afternoon of 20 December. Baharudin Mat Taib, Assistant Commissioner of the Shah Alam police chief confirmed the reports. 31 looters were arrested during a break-in. Eight police teams were deployed on 23 December at the area to prevent break-ins. The managing director of Mydin, Ameer Ali Mydin, whose stores were involved among the looting, released a statement forgiving all victims who looted his store "out of desperation and hunger". Pahang Floods in Pahang were initially reported in three villages at Kuantan during the late hours 16 December, although the extent was minor. Flood waters at the villages receded the following morning. However, Maran and Raub suffered floods the same day after 48 hours of continuous rain, and by 8 pm almost 200 people were evacuated. In Jerantut, three temporary shelters were created when 128 people were evacuated. Roads linking to Kuala Tembeling, Felda Padang Piol, and several other villages were entirely cut off where floodwaters were measured to be deep. On 19 December, flooding was present in seven districts with 5,189 displaced victims in 116 temporary shelters. 19 rivers had exceeded their danger levels. By 22 December, 38,086 people were displaced. Storm surges were reported at the state. Pahang reported its first death on 17 December, when a factory operator drowned near a Chinese cemetery at Gambang. Bentong mudslide During the late-night of December 18, a mudslide at Bentong destroyed a series of chalets. Ten were swept away by the strong currents, and five were killed during the incident. Malacca Heavy rain persisted over Alor Gajah, Melaka Tengah and Jasin since 17 December. The first temporary shelter was opened the following day when 40 people were evacuated amidst floods across several villages. The rising water levels at Rembau River caused the collapse of the riverbanks near the Berembang River, resulting in floods at Lubok Cina that were deep. It was reported to be the worst floods to hit the region in 50 years. At Kuala Linggi, the local tilapia farming industry, situated near the Linggi River, was severely damaged when over 70,000 tilapia newborns were killed as a result from contamination from flood waters. There were 465 displaced victims on 21 December. On 23 December, the figure dropped to only 136, and 26 on 27 December. Difficulties on pumping flood waters from affection areas persist due to high water levels still present in nearby rivers. Floods in Malacca remained unimproved since 26 December and worsened from the 31st. By 1 January, the figure rose from 96 to 507 in a single day. Eight temporary shelters were set up for the 500 victims. The number surpassed 1,000 on 2 January. The Malacca Drainage and Irrigation Department had reported rainfall levels of on 1 January at the Malacca River, causing overflows during high tides. This phenomenon has caused the flooding of Morten Village, a popular historical tourist attraction in the city. By 3 January, the floods had expanded to 32 areas in the state. The number of evacuees had risen to 2,537. The federal government had channeled RM400,000 (US$95,900) of aid through the NDCC which were distributed by the Malacca state government to 390 households as compassionate aids (known locally as BWI) on 29 December. Negeri Sembilan Negeri Sembilan was hit by floods on 18 December. Two hundred seventy-four people were evacuated from 29 different areas in the initial displacement. They were sheltered at five relief centres. A government clinic at Jelebu could not operate due to floods. The NDCC accounted 68 severely damaged telecommunications towers throughout the state. Operations in two water treatment plants in Seremban and Jelebu were paralysed after receiving structural damages. The Negeri Sembilan State Forestry Department had closed down all recreational forests temporarily on 20 December. Landslides were reported in several areas, notably at Kampung Amar Penghulu and Taman Eko Rimba Jeram Toi. According to Maryani Chembeng, the village chief of Kampung Amar Penghulu, it was the worst flood the village has encountered since 1971. The amount of displaced victims increased to 765 people on 21 December in eight temporary shelters. The number of victims had risen to 787 people on 24 December. The number of displaced people dropped to 82 (27 December) and 43 (28 December). Heavy continuous rains resumed over the state between 31 December to 1 January, which had drastically worsened the flooding. On 1 January, the amount of displaced victims stood at 1,363 people. The number of evacuees rose to 1,767 on 2 January. The Negeri Sembilan Solid Waste Management and Public Cleansing Corporation (SWCorp) collected over 1,151 tonnes of waste over a period of 8 days. The Negeri Sembilan state government had allocated RM39.6 million (US$9.46 million) to repair local infrastructure. Sabah Many parts of Sabah started evacuations as rains continue to pour in areas such as Kudat (2 January 2022), the number of evacuees increased approximately 1,161 people (From Kota Marudu, Kudat, Paitan, Beluran, Telupid and Sandakan) According from the report, Kota Belud, Tuaran and Telupid was hit by Scattered rainfall. Responses Domestic – The Malaysian government directed 66,015 personnel from the Royal Malaysia Police (RMP or PDRM), Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF or ATM), Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia (JBPA), Malaysia Civil Defence Force (MCDF or APM), Malaysian Public Works Department (JKR), Department of Social Welfare (JKM) and state agencies to aid the rescue efforts in the affected regions. Five hundred volunteers from the Skuad Keluarga Malaysia (SKM) programme were involved in duties related to temporary shelters. 453 vehicles manned by 2,817 staffs from seven agencies were deployed to aid the rescue effort. A special task force has since been formed by the government to tackle issues post-flooding and to prepare for a second wave of floods. Utility companies have announced rebates and discounts to assist those affected by the floods. Examples include Tenaga Nasional Berhad's 100-percent rebate, repairs by car companies, and an increase in aid for the repair of houses. On 6 January 2022, the Penang state government announced the formation of its natural disaster management unit. International – On 21 December 2021, the Singapore Red Cross Society (SRC) pledged humanitarian aid of US$50,000 each for the Malaysian Red Crescent Society (MRCS) and the Philippine Red Cross (PRC) in response to the floods in Malaysia and the aftermath of Typhoon Rai at the Philippines. A day later, the Singaporean government announced their decision to contribute a further US$60,000 to support the SRC's public fundraiser, supplementing their donation of US$50,000 to a total of US$90,000. - The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed its condolences to the victims of the disaster in a statement on 22 December 2021. The Emirates government and the Emirates Red Crescent (ERC) co-directed operations to send humanitarian aid in the form of food and medical supplies to Malaysia, and sent a team of volunteers to review the situation. - The Iranian Red Crescent Society (IRCS) offered search and rescue teams and other assistance towards the relief efforts for the recent floods. In a letter to the MRCS on 24 December 2021, the President of the IRCS, Dr. Pir Hossein Kolivand conveyed his condolences towards the victims affected by the disaster. - Hassanal Bolkiah, the sultan of Brunei, expressed his condolences on 24 December 2021 to the Malaysian government and the Malaysian people over the floods at the region. He also made similar messages to the Philippine government over the destruction caused by Typhoon Rai in the country. - Minister of Defence, Hishamuddin Hussein, has revealed on 26 December 2021 that Turki bin Faisal Al Saud, a Saudi Arabian cabinet minister, has expressed intentions from the Saudi Arabian government to contribute to the relief efforts at Malaysia. - In a statement, the American embassy in Malaysia has announced on 30 December 2021 that they have pledged US$100,000 to the MRCS. - In a letter to Abdullah of Pahang and Ismail Sabri on 31 December 2021, Egyptian president Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi has expressed his condolences towards the families and victims in the floods. Non-governmental organisations Apple Inc. – Tim Cook, the CEO of Apple Inc., announced the company intends to contribute to the disaster relief efforts at the Philippines and Malaysia, although the details of the contribution are not specified. Criticism of the government The Malaysian government was criticised over its lack of immediate response towards relief efforts. There were complaints on social media that the authorities were slow in providing aid, with many victims relying on volunteers for food and basic necessities. Puan Sri Shariffa Sabrina Syed Akil, the president of a local conservation group, cited the slow response as a consequence of ineffective bureaucracy. The Prime Minister of Malaysia, Ismail Sabri Yaakob, publicly acknowledged certain "weaknesses" over the government's response towards the disaster. A decision involving Azhar Azizan Harun, Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat's refusal to permit members of parliament from the opposition party to discuss recent events related to the floods in the Parliament sparked widespread debate and controversy. The move by Azhar was criticised by politicians from both the ruling and opposition parties, with some calling for his resignation. Connection to climate change Prior to the floods, scientists and organizations including Renard Siew, climate change advisor to the Centre for Governance and Political Studies, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change had warned that extreme weather events would become more common as a consequence of climate change, including heavy rainfall. In an interview with CNA, Renard said that due to climate change, it would be harder for climatologists to predict the weather accurately, citing that the northeast monsoon which usually causes floods on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia has also affected the west coast this time. He also disagreed with the government's claims regarding the 100-year flood, citing that in recent years, the devastating flooding caused by climate change had recently occurred in other regions including Europe, China and the United States. His statement was later echoed by environment lecturer at Universiti Putra Malaysia, Haliza Abdul Rahman, where she added that this flood and the recent floods in Turkey were caused by climate change. She also similarly disagreed that the flood was labelled as a "100-year flood", as similar events could also happen in the future. In order to mitigate this issue, aside from improving weather monitoring systems, experts and activists have urged action to be taken to reduce the effects of climate change. This includes reducing carbon emissions, encouraging public transport and carpooling as a means of transportation, ending deforestation, and encouraging global cooperation to tackle climate change. Moreover, this could involve reviewing the construction of infrastructure that will be affected by storms, flooding and rising sea levels, and granting international aid to help countries cope with climate change. Notes See also Weather of 2021 Tropical cyclones in 2021 Weather of 2022 Tropical cyclones in 2022 Floods in Malaysia List of deadliest floods Tropical cyclones in Malaysia References External links December floods 2022 disasters in Malaysia 2021 floods 2021 meteorology 2022 meteorology 2020s floods in Asia December 2021 floods December 2021 events in Asia December 2021 January 2021 events Looting December 2021 floods 2022 floods

69555864

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Pall%20for%20a%20Painter

A Pall for a Painter

A Pall for a Painter is a 1936 detective novel by E.C.R. Lorac, the pen name of the British writer Edith Caroline Rivett. It is the tenth in her long-running series featuring Chief Inspector MacDonald of Scotland Yard, a Golden Age detective who relies on standard police procedure to solve his cases. Synopsis MacDonald is called in to solve a murder that took place in an art school in Central London. References Bibliography Cooper, John & Pike, B.A. Artists in Crime: An Illustrated Survey of Crime Fiction First Edition Dustwrappers, 1920-1970. Scolar Press, 1995. Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980: A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland Publishing, 1984. Nichols, Victoria & Thompson, Susan. Silk Stalkings: More Women Write of Murder. Scarecrow Press, 1998. Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015. 1936 British novels British mystery novels Novels by E.C.R. Lorac Novels set in London British detective novels Collins Crime Club books

69555924

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontario%20Biker%20War

Ontario Biker War

The Ontario Biker War in Canada saw the Hells Angels engage their long-term rivals the Outlaws Motorcycle Club for control of the province of Ontario. The war occurred between 1999 and 2002 and is also known as the London Biker conflict as a large majority of the events occurred there. The Quebec Biker War, the largest motorcycle conflict in history was occurring during the same period in the province of Quebec. Prelude to conflict From 1977-1984, the event known in Canada as the First Biker War was raging in Quebec and Ontario. On 17 July 1983, while riding through northern Ontario, Mario Parente happened to see two Hells Angels from Montreal, Michel "Jinx" Genest and Jean-Marc Nadeau, on the bus to Vancouver to attend a funeral ceremony. Enraged, Parente and the other Outlaws proceeded to shoot up the bus when it stopped at the Mr. Mugs coffee and doughnut shop in Wawa in an attempt to kill the two Hells Angels. Though no one was killed, the Wawa incident showed how strongly Parente felt about Hells Angels moving into Ontario, which had been considered Outlaws territory since 1977. During the 1990s, Hells Angels from Quebec would frequently visit the Ontario based Loners Motorcycle Club. In June 1993, the Hells Angels, led by their National President Walter Stadnick, hosted a party in Wasaga Beach that was attended by all of the Ontario biker clubs except the Outlaws and Satan's Choice. Frank Lenti and the Loners were guests of honor at the party. Stadnick tried to persuade Lenti to have the Loners "patch over" to the Hells Angels, an offer that Lenti refused. However, a working relationship was established after the Loners agreed to buy their drugs from the Angels. On April 7, 1998, Jeffrey Labrash, acting President of the Outlaws London chapter, and fellow Full-Patch Outlaw Jody Hart, were victims of a drive-by shooting in the parking lot of the Beef Baron, a strip club on York Street in London, Ontario. Also in April 1998, on the same day as the funerals, T. J. Baxter's Tap & Grill, a popular restaurant in London, was bombed, injuring five and causing an estimated $1,000,000 in damages. Two associates of the Hell's Angels were arrested and charged for the shootings. The Outlaws placed a $50,000 bounty on both. 1999 In 1999, the Hells Angels became seriously involved in trying to patch over the Loners Motorcycle Club which had been a dominant club in the province for decades. In June 1999, the Annihilators Motorcycle Club was "Patched-over" by the Loners. One of the members of the Chatham chapter of the Loners, Jimmy Coates, had a brother, John Coates, who was a member of the Hells Angels Sherbrooke chapter. John Coates was 6'7" tall, weighing 300 pounds, while younger brother Jimmy was not as large, but still intimidating. Through his brother, Jimmy Coates opened a secret pipeline for buying drugs from Sherbrooke. The president of the London/Chatham chapter, Wayne Kellestine, was adamantly against having the Loners join the Hells Angels, and when the breakaway Loners began making visits to the Sherbrooke clubhouse, Kellestine stripped them of their colours. One Loner was also pistol-whipped and robbed for making further comments . Together, the Coates brothers worked to encourage a mutiny against Kellestine with the promise of joining the Angels as the reward. On 22 October 1999, an assassination attempt was made against Kellestine as he stopped in his truck for a red light in his hometown of Iona Station. A car drove up alongside, driven by Philippe "Philbilly" Gastonguay of the Angels' Sherbrooke chapter, and a pro-Angel Loner, David "Dirty" McLeish. One of the two men opened fire, spraying Kellestine's truck with bullets. Both men would be arrested and Kellestine would survive unharmed. Both shooters and the two Coates brothers were charged with "conspiracy to commit murder". They eventually pleaded guilty to "conspiracy to commit bodily harm", and were jailed. When the brothers got out, they would be running the club's Hells Angels London chapter. The Hells Angels were determined to gain influence in Southern Ontario especially. In other areas of Ontario, clubs had been quite welcoming of the Angels; but here they faced stiff resistance, their main opposition being their old time rival the Outlaws Motorcycle Club (at the time, the largest motorcycle club in the province). As the club's Quebec chapters planned their expansion eastward in late 1999, London was solidly in Outlaws territory, but it would create a vital link between Windsor and Kitchener. The Outlaws' London clubhouse on Egerton Street, near the Western Fairgrounds, was a local landmark. Their leader, Mario Parente, was not a man to be shoved around. By the end of 1999, the Hells Angels Ontario Nomad chapter and the Outlaws began to engage each other in both London and Hamilton, with several brawls and scuffles occurring between the clubs. A Biker Enforcement Unit representative stated: "They used to drive by and taunt each other, For the H.A., their priority is to absorb other gangs and gain territorial control. In order to do that, they either have to befriend or fight their rivals." 2000 The Quebec Biker War began in 1994 and saw the Hells Angels face the Canadian based Rock Machine for control of the narcotics trade in the province. By 2000, the war had intensified. The Rock Machine began expanding into Ontario with three chapters (Toronto, Kingston and Niagara Falls). Not wanting to fall behind the Hells Angels, it established its first Ontario chapter in Toronto in late 2000. This infuriated the Outlaws, and the Hells Angels sought to gain the upper hand, so they gave a limited time offer to Outlaw motorcycle clubs in Ontario (especially Satan's Choice and Para-dice Riders). There would be no probationary period for Hells Angels club membership, and all members would receive Full-Patch. This resulted in 168 members of the Para-dice Riders, Satan's Choice, Lobos and Last Chance "patching" to the Angels. Overnight, the Hells Angels went from one chapter in Ontario to 13, giving them a massive increase in both manpower and area of operation. Throughout 2000, brawls were common between the two groups across the province, with multiple injuries on both sides. 2001 By early 2001, the Hells Angels had established a prospective chapter in London, Ontario. They began investing in the city's clubs, strip clubs, tattoo parlours and a half-dozen exotic-massage joints (called "rub 'n' tugs" by the locals). They were also involved in the automotive trade, but most specifically in the city's narcotics market. In addition to their own operations, the Hells Angels now supplied a network of up to 30 street gang members who cooked cocaine powder into crack, and peddled it on London street corners, sources claim. A Hells Angels clubhouse was opened at 732 York Street, just up the road from the Outlaws' clubhouse, home to eight to ten full-patch members. The choice of location seemed to be a deliberate provocation. On 12 April 2001, the Hells Angels promptly informed the Loners that they did not have the right to use "Ontario" on their patch, as the Loners were only a "regional" club. Unable to stand on their own, the Chatham/London Loners joined the Bandidos on 22 May 2001, as probationary members becoming full members on 1 December 2001.They also began aggressively attempting to recruit Outlaws to the London chapter. The London chapter of the Outlaws countered by exerting intense pressure on members not to defect. Some Outlaws switched sides and suffered violent retaliation. More exchanges occurred during this period after three Outlaws in London defected to Hell's Angels. Exchanges saw at least 15 people injured in 2001. During this period, both Coates brothers and their friends were released from prison. John Coates would become President of the London probationary chapter, and Jimmy would begin prospecting. In June 2001, the Outlaws' Woodstock clubhouse was burnt to the ground in an act of arson. The Hells Angels were suspected to be involved. In August of the same year, a member of the Outlaws was pulled over by police en route to the York Street clubhouse of the Hells Angels, and authorities confiscated body armor, various firearms, and a pipe bomb. In July 2001, three members of the Hells Angels were charged with extortion when they attempted to get a $70,000 payment from a business owner. The three men pled guilty to lesser charges. In December 2001, the Hells Angels patched over a dozen more Outlaws in Ontario. Other Outlaws were faced with an ultimatum: switch sides or retire. 2002 On January 7, 2002, the trial for the three Hells Angels members facing extortion began. On the same day, the tensions between the two groups in the city would escalate again, culminating in a exchange in gunfire that night between Hells Angels support clubs and Outlaws at 434 Egerton Street, next door to the Outlaws clubhouse. Also in January 2002, Former Outlaws London chapter President Thomas Hughes refused to agree to terms from the Angels. After midnight, he was attacked at his home by four members of a Hells Angels support club, the Jackals MC. A shootout ensued in which one member of the jackals was shot and injured severely. A nearby resident who witnessed the event told reporters: "I was just going to bed when I heard this 'pop, pop!' Then I heard tires squealing, then 'bang, bang, bang!" Hughes was charged with several counts of attempted murder. He also faced nearly two dozen additional charges relating to firearms, ammunition, this included semi-auto rifles and explosives in his residence. Eventually the attempted-murder charges were dropped as self defense, he was sentenced to only 30 months incarceration. By now, London City council and London Police Service were under intense public pressure to do something about the situation. Then in late January 2002, tensions in the conflict reached their height. Outlaws from locations all over Canada began to travel to London to assist the London chapter, along with some American Bandidos and other long-time Hells Angels rivals. The 2002 London Motorcycle Show, organized on the grounds of the Western Fair, was promoted by the Hells Angels, who had run London's annual motorcycle-trade show for the last two years in a row. It was one of the "top five events of its kind in Canada." This venue would be the target of retaliation by the Outlaws and Bandidos. The 2002 London Motorcycle Show In February, 2002, the expo was on a Saturday and was open to the public. Around mid-afternoon, 120 Outlaws and Bandidos arrived at the Western Fair district in London. Also in attendance were 110 Hells Angels and their support club, the Jackals, as well as hundreds of civilians. Some of the Outlaws arriving wore body armour. Some brandished large knives on their belts. The Bandidos, who had taken Highway 401 from Detroit, arrived in a large group. They made a public show of respect for the Outlaws, then positioned themselves with their allies, surrounded on three sides by Hells Angels, surprised spectators fled to safe distances. Before hostilities could begin, a team of over 40 police officers from the London Police Service intervened and physically separated the two groups, demanding that the Bandidos and their supporters depart. Police Chief Murray Faulkner said: "If the police weren't there, we were in for trouble. Big-time. I was guessing a multiple shooting or stabbing." Either way, the Western Fair board barred the Hells Angels who organized the event from future use of the venue. London's then-mayor Anne Marie De Cicco started a successful campaign to ban the London Motorcycle Show from the city as long as was directed by the Hells Angels. The Coates brothers' attempts to replicate the brutality of the Quebec club brought unnecessary complications. That did not sit well with the club's leadership, who quickly realized that these actions were damaging for the club business and image. In early July 2002, John Coates and his Hells Angels sponsor, George Beaulieu of the Sherbrooke chapter, attended a meeting with Gerald Ward, President of the Niagara chapter, and William Miller, head of the North Toronto chapter. Coates was told "you're done" as far as London was concerned. The Coates brothers and some of their close associates were transferred to the Niagara Falls chapter under Ward. The London chapter was temporarily put under direct administration by the North Toronto chapter, led by Miller. A relatively peaceful period would follow these events, at least to the public eye. With the recent pressure, the unfinished conflict with the Outlaws was to go on hold and it would never end up resuming. Police had started infiltrating the Outlaws MC in the late 1990s, when they were still the largest club in the province. The Biker Enforcement Unit inadvertently handed victory to the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club when raids launched in the early morning of September 25, 2002, crippled Outlaws networks in 11 Ontario municipalities. The Ontario Provincial Police had launched Operation Retire, a concurrent investigation with Operation Amigo and Operation Summertime, targeting the Bandidos(operation was originally created for the Rock Machine until they merged into the Bandidos in 2001) and Hells Angels in Canada. Project Retire was intended to cripple the Outlaws Motorcycle Club in Ontario. The Police seized six stolen vehicles, 44 firearms, narcotics worth about $1.6 million, and five properties owned by the Outlaws. The operation resulted in all 58 full-patch Outlaws in Ontario being arrested, including most of the Outlaws Ontario leadership. The club has never recovered. As a result, since the fall of 2002, the Hells Angels, despite periodic run-ins with authorities, controlled London's motorcycle scene, and had begun solidifying their hold on the province, a hold they have maintained ever since. Parente, now in prison, called James Wheeler, the President of the American Outlaws, who in turn contacted Sonny Barger, the leader of the American Hells Angels. Barger ordered Stadnick to stop trying to recruit Outlaws in exchange for a promise that there would be no biker war in Ontario. This saw an official end to the conflict. Continued tensions and incidents London Conflict In early 2012, tensions between the two groups erupted again in London, Ontario. After years of remaining out of the headlines for the most part, the city's street gangs began to gain notoriety in the 2010s when a war broke out between the London chapter of the Hells Angels MC and the FU Crew, a local street gang backed by the London chapter of the Outlaws Motorcycle Club. This resulted in the deaths of several individuals, and the arson of several biker and gang-owned businesses and vehicles, with some of the bikers fleeing town temporarily. The dispute first flared up when a tattoo parlor associated with the Outlaws motorcycle club was set ablaze on the morning of January 7th. During this period, the Hells Angels had begun to lean on the FU Crew to operate for them in London. When this was refused, a vehicle belonging to the leader of the street gang (who had connections with the Outlaws) was burned. Tensions continued with two separate fires at a massage parlour and a strip club, and then the shooting on January 11 of two people associated with the Hells Angels. On the same day, a massage parlor in St. Thomas, Ontario was burned down. Two more tattoo parlors were also threatened, and some Hells Angels pulled back to regain their footing. The conflict would eventually deescalate with a presumed peace being declared. See also List of outlaw motorcycle club conflicts References Outlaw motorcycle club conflicts Organized crime conflicts in Canada 1999 in Canada 2000 in Canada 2001 in Canada 2002 in Canada Conflicts in 1999 Conflicts in 2000 Conflicts in 2001 Conflicts in 2002 Hells Angels

69556761

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jahor%20Marcinovi%C4%8D

Jahor Marcinovič

Jahor Aljaksandravič Marcinovič (; born 3 September 1988) is a Belarusian journalist who is currently serving as chief editor of Nasha Niva since 2017. In July 2021 he was arrested for alleged debts of the newspaper to the electric company, and has remained in prison since. Human rights activists in Belarus have recognised him as a political prisoner. Biography Family and Career Jahor is a son of Belarusian writer and poet . His brother is a historian and journalist. Jahor graduated from the BSU Journalism faculty in 2011. He started working at Nasha Niva in 2009 and became an author of many important interviews, reports and investigations. In 2017 he replaced Andrej Skurko on the post of chief editor. In 2015, 2016 and 2017 he was awarded with BAJ prize 'Volnaye Slova'. Marcinovič has experienced pressure from the authorities for his journalistic activity many times. On September 23, 2020, he was detained for three days for alleged defamation of the MVD vice minister , his apartment was searched. Marcinovič as the NN chief editor was taken responsible for alleged defamation in the published interview, where a former prisoner of a detention centre claimed to be beaten by Barsukou. In March 2021 he was arrested while covering the meeting in Minsk square and sentenced to a fine for participation in an unauthorized demonstration, even though he denied participating in the meeting. After the president election of 2020 he was arrested on August 11, 2020, and released with a travel ban. 2021 Arrests Together with the head of marketing Andrej Skurko and journalist, head of NN publications ‘Nasha Historyja’ and ‘Arche’ Andrej Dyńko, Jahor was arrested on July 8, 2021. He was beaten by the police and received head injury. For 24 hours was kept at the Okrestina detention center without food, mattress or bedding. Later Marcinovič was charged under part 2 of Art.216 of the Belarusian Criminal Code for alleged NN debts to the "Minenergo" company. According to the police, the NN failed to pay utility bills for 4 years and damaged the company by 3500 thousand Belarusian roubles. Marcinovič should have been released on July 16, 2021, but he was charged under another article of Criminal Code for alleged causing of mass disorders. As of November 2021, he stays detained and faces years imprisonment. His last message from November was that he was kept with 19 persons in a basement cell and that he was suffocating. The Viasna Human Rights Centre, the Belarusian Helsinki Committee, and other human rights organisations recognized him as a political prisoner. References Living people 1988 births People from Brest, Belarus Belarusian journalists Belarusian media executives

69556899

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%20Lynchings%20for%20sacrilege%20in%20Punjab

2021 Lynchings for sacrilege in Punjab

The 2021 Lynchings for sacrilege in Punjab refers to the widely reported lynching incidents that occurred between December 18-19, 2021, at two Sikh temples in Punjab, India in which enraged mobs killed 2 men in response to alleged acts of sacrilege. Lynching incidents First Incident (18 December) The first incident took place on December 18, 2021 at the Amritsar Golden Temple, the holiest shrine for Sikhs, when a man allegedly barged into the inner sanctum, where Sikhism's holy book, the Guru Granth Sahib, is kept. The man grabbed a ceremonial sword placed next to the holy book; but was overpowered by Sikh guards and worshippers, and then beaten to death before the Police arrived at the scene. Second Incident (19 December) The second lynching incident took place in the early hours of December 19, 2021, when another man was accused of sacrilege after he allegedly tried to remove the Sikh flag, Nishan Sahib, from a Sikh temple in Kapurthala, Punjab. The Kapurthala police claimed as per preliminary investigations, it seemed to be a case of theft and there was no evidence of sacrilege. However, the Sikh granthi, Amarjit Singh claimed that the youth had attempted sacrilege as the man fiddled with the holy Nishan Sahib flag; and therefore, the local sewadars caught hold of the suspect and tied him up in the store room, where he was beaten up to death. Response The Punjab Police reported that the victims remained unidentified as the Police did not find any Identity Card with them, but attempts were on to identify them by reviewing the security footage of the shrines. Meanwhile, the Akal Takht Jathedar Giani Harpreet Singh condemned the “sacrilege” attempt at the Golden Temple and sought a thorough investigation. Further, some intellectuals have noted that the silence of most political leaders on the lynching of the alleged culprits at the holy shrines of the Sikhs, was disturbing. See also 2021 Singhu border lynching Attack on Harnek Singh References 2021 murders in Asia Attacks in 2021 Lynching deaths in India December 2021 events in India December 2021 crimes in Asia 2021 crimes in India Sikhism-related controversies

69557243

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writer%20%28film%29

Writer (film)

Writer is a 2021 Indian Tamil-language crime thriller film written and directed by debutant Franklin Jacob and produced by Neelam Productions in association with Golden Ratio Films, Little Red Car Films and Jetty Productions. The film stars Samuthirakani and Hari Krishnan, and the music is composed by Govind Vasantha. The film was released in theatres on 24 December 2021 and received positive reviews from critics. Synopsis A writer at a police station gets trapped in an illegal custody case involving an innocent Ph.D. student. With his guilt and regret looming large, can he save the young man? Plot The movie opens with a new recruit police constable Arivazhagan (Dileepan) reporting for duty at Tiruverumbur police station, in Tiruchirappalli. He is taken under wing by Head constable Thangaraj (Samuthirakani), who works as a writer at the station. Thangaraj is shown to be a bigamist, and it is later revealed that he was forced into the second marriage with a much younger girl, to bear an offspring. Thangaraj had initiated and is still continuing to fight a case, for the establishment of a police union, for voicing the opinions of lower rank police officers. This does not go well with the Inspector of the police (Bose Venkat), who has him transferred to Thiruvallikeni police station in Chennai, as a punishment. Once there, Thangaraj is assigned menial duties within the station and befriends an ex-convict, Raja, whom Thangaraj had known from a previous case. Raja does odd jobs and is shown to stay within the station premises. On his first day, Thangaraj is assigned to watch over a PhD student Devakumar (Hari Krishnan), held in illegal custody in a marriage hall nearby. Devakumar tries to escape initially, but gets caught by Thangaraj and the manager of the marriage hall. The police personnel in the station don't seem to take any interest in revealing the details of the case. The police inspector Perumal and another head constable Manickam, force Devakumar to sign some documents. Devakumar is constantly shifted to various lodges, and the Deputy Commissioner is also shown to be involved in the case. Raja and Thangaraj go to watch over Devakumar, and he sobbingly shares his story to Raja. Devakumar belongs to a backward community, living with his elder brother Xavier (Subramaniam Siva), his sister-in-law and their son, in Thirukkattupalli town, near Trichy. After a spat in the house, he heads back to Chennai. Pretty soon, he is shown to be detained by the police, who also take his cellphone away. A senior journalist in Trichy, whom Thangaraj has been pursuing to write about the police union case, publishes this illegal detention as a scoop, after Thangaraj unintentionally reveals it to him. Trivedi Sharma becomes livid, and has Thangaraj write a crime scene to implicate Devakumar, not knowing it was Thangaraj who leaked the story. It also shown that Thangaraj was previously acquainted with him. Devakumar gets implicated as a Naxalite and is arrested. Thangaraj feels guilty for having caused this. Xavier comes to Chennai to meet his brother. Thangaraj explains to him the seriousness of the situation and asks him to approach a lawyer Marudhamuthu (G. M. Sundar), to help out in the case. Marudhamuthu learns the police are being very secretive about the case and is not allowed an audience with Devakumar. Trivedi Sharma, Inspector Perumal and head constable Manickam ask Devakumar why he wanted 'those details' and beat him up. Marudhamuthu learns of this and rushes back to the police station with Xavier and manages to convince Perumal to allow Xavier to meet his brother. Thangaraj reveals to Marudhamuthu about his role in Devakumar's arrest. He secretly smuggles a phone into Devakumar's cell to allow him to speak with Marudhamuthu. It is then shown that Devakumar is doing PhD in Sociology, from Madras University. He was researching about mental health of police officers and increasing numbers of death by suicide, in the police force. He had contacted a lawyer Anwar, in Saidapet court, who filed an RTI to get him the information for his thesis. In a flashback, it is revealed that Trivedi Sharma had rejected three applications for the joining the horse riding team of Tamil Nadu Police force, one of which belongs to Saranya (Ineya). She is told by an officer that she was rejected because of her caste certificate. When Saranya questions this, she is forced to do stable maintenance duty by Sharma. One day, when Sharma visits the stables, she adamantly rides a horse in front of him, which angers him and he beats her up badly, and she commits suicide soon after. Thangaraj becomes remorseful after hearing this and plots along with Arivazhagan to help Devakumar escape and surrender in a court, under a different case, thus escaping the police officers who want him silenced. After facing many hurdles, Thangaraj helps Devakumar run away. A few months later, Thangaraj is shown to be in jail. In a letter to Arivazhagan, he reveals what happened after he helped Devakumar run away. Thangaraj is hit on the head by one of his pursuers and is hospitalized, Sharma, Perumal and Manickam trace and abduct Devakumar. A guilt-ridden Thangaraj is forced to shoot him dead. Later, when Sharma, Perumal and Manickam try and convince Thangaraj to finish the case, writing it off as an encounter of a criminal trying to escape, Thangaraj refuses to cooperate and says he will reveal the truth, thereby leading to the implication of the other three. When Sharma threatens to shoot him, Thangaraj snatches the gun and shoots Sharma dead, in front of a shocked Perumal and Manickam. Thangaraj asks forgiveness from Xavier for causing his brother's death. After reading the letter, Arivazhagan is shown to continue fighting the police union case, heeding Thangaraj's request. Cast Samuthirakani as Head Constable Thangaraj Hari Krishnan as Devakumar Kavin Jay Babu as the Deputy commissioner(Trivedi sharma) Subramaniam Siva as Xavier, Deva's brother Ineya as Saranya Dileepan as Arivazhagan Anthony as the ex-convict G. M. Sundar as advocate Marudhamuthu Kumareson Maheshwari Lizzie Antony as Amudha, Thangaraj's first wife Bose Venkat as Tiruverumbur Inspector Kavitha Bharathy as Perumal, Triplicane Inspector Soundtrack The soundtrack and score is composed by Govind Vasantha and the album featured two songs. The audio rights were acquired by Think Music. Release The film was released in theatres on 24 December 2021 and opened to positive reviews. Home Media The post-theatrical streaming rights of the film were bought by Aha Tamil and will be premiered on 11 February 2022. Reception Ashameera Aiyappan of Firstpost rated the film with 3.5/5 stars, stating that, "Writer depicts an honest policeman’s mental health struggle like no other film- the introspection is real and honest." Behindwoods rated the film with 3/5 stars, stating that "Writer is a solid political film, that shows the weaker side of police deparment." Logesh Balachandran of The Times of India gave a rating of 3 out on 5 and wrote, "Writer definitely has honest intentions and is watchable for the subject it has dealt with." Sudhir Srinivasan of Cinema Express gave a rating of 3 out on 5 and wrote, "the film has many interesting ideas, but not quite a riveting film." Sify rated the film with 3/5 stars, stating that "Writer sends a much-needed message to the Government and the superior officers in the Police Force. Will they listen?" and gave the verdict as "A honest take on the corrupt police department." Haricharan Pudipeddi of Hindustan Times stated that, "Writer is the kind of film that goes beyond the meaning of entertainment, and it leaves you enlightened. It makes you question the very department that’s meant to protect us and be at our service." Srinivasa Ramanujam of The Hindu wrote, "With the drama-thriller, debutant director Franklin Jacob joins the long list of exciting Tamil filmmakers to watch out for." Bharathy Singaravel of The News Minute stated that, "Releasing in mainstream venues, in the same theatres that run big budget cop films to full houses, this film helps spread a political language tuned to the systemic failures in this country. Writer is a film you don’t want to miss." References External links Indian films 2021 drama films

69557773

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigurd%20M%C3%BCller

Sigurd Müller

Sigurd Müller may refer to: Sigurd Müller (writer) (1844–1918), Danish writer Sigurd Müller (police chief) (1924–2011), Norwegian police chief Sigurd Müller (wine trader) (1904–1997), Danish wine trader

69557812

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigurd%20M%C3%BCller%20%28police%20chief%29

Sigurd Müller (police chief)

Sigurd Müller (5 May 1924 – 28 May 2011) was a Norwegian chief of police and judge. He was born in Fredrikstad. During the German occupation of Norway he had to flee the country, enrolling in the Norwegian police troops in Sweden. Joining the regular police force after the war's end, he was stationed in Fredrikstad until 1953. During this time he also graduated from the Police Academy in 1948, and took the cand.jur. degree at the University of Oslo in 1951. After a period as deputy judge in Sarpsborg, he rose through the police ranks in Haugesund from 1956, Vest-Finnmark from 1957 and Sarpsborg from 1962. Müller then served as police inspector in Oslo from 1963 to 1975, chief of police of Bergen from 1976 to 1982 and chief justice of Moss District Court from 1982 to 1994. References 1924 births 2011 deaths People from Fredrikstad Police officers from Bergen Norwegian expatriates in Sweden University of Oslo alumni Norwegian police chiefs Norwegian judges

69558379

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammar%20Ali%20Jan

Ammar Ali Jan

Ammar Ali Jan (Urdu: عمار علی جان, born December 15, 1986) is a Pakistani historian, activist, youth leader and academic. He is founder and president of Haqooq-e-Khalq Movement, also a member of Progressive International. Early life and Education Jan completed his school from Salamat International Campus for Advanced Studies in 2005, masters in social sciences from University of Chicago in 2011 and got his doctorate (Thesis title: "A study of Communist Thought in Colonial India, 1919-1951") in history from University of Cambridge in 2018. Career Jan has taught as assistant professor of history in University of the Punjab., Government College University, Lahore and Forman Christian College, Lahore. Political struggle The first political party Jan joined was Labour Party Pakistan (LPP). He was also part of Progressive Youth Front (PYF). In 2010, Jan, as general secretary Labour Party Pakistan, Lahore, got arrested for leading a demonstration against the power cuts and demanding a new transformer on urgent basis for provision of electricity to whole area. As member of PYF and LPP, Jan helped to form Labour Relief Campaign against foreign debt and to help flood affectees. Jan is strong believer of revolutionary politics for which he had to face state oppression many times. Jan was fired from University of the Punjab in April, 2018 for his progressive political views and actions on the campus. In 2018, Jan was barred from speaking at 4th Faiz International Festival along with three other speakers including Taimur Rahman (LUMS professor), Ali Wazir (MNA) and Rashed Rahman (former Daily Times editor). In Feb, 2019 FIR against Jan was registered for participating in a protest against the killing of teacher and poet Arman Loni. As an activist, Jan has been raising voice on fascism, students unions, anti-war policies, budget cuts in the health and education, political prisoners economy, free vaccine for all etc. In March, 2018 he helped in formation of Lahore Left Front (LLF) with alliance of seventeen like-minded left-wing parties. The purpose of LLF was to fight against growing religious fundamentalism and terrorism in the country. Haqooq-e-Khalq Movement As member of the People’s Solidarity Forum, Jan launched Haqooq-e-Khalq Movement (HKM) on May 19, 2018 in Lahore to open up new possibilities for social and political imagination. He is president of HKM. He also helped in formation of Progressive Research Collective to organize a series of study circles. HKM along with Progressive Students' Collective, a student organization, formed in 2016, organized many events like Faiz Aman Mela, 2018, Shehri Tahafuzz March, 2019 to demand justice for Sahiwal killings, protests against mob lynching and human rights violation, Labour Relief Campaign, Climate Justice March, theatre and seminars, Students Solidarity March of 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021. Youth organiser Jan was nominated in FIRs for organizing Students Solidarity March 2019 along with Iqbal Lala (father of Mashal Khan Shaheed) and Alamgir Wazir (cousin of Ali Wazir who is member national assembly). In 2020, police again tried to arrest Jan for organizing the students solidarity march. Articles Jan has published and continues to publish regular articles on progressive politics in newspapers like The News International, Al Jazeera, The Friday Times, Herald (Pakistan) and few others. He is author of the book ‘Rule by Fear: Eight Theses on Authoritarianism in Pakistan’, Folio Books (November 2021). Citations/Sources References Living people Pakistani Marxists 1986 births

69558598

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make-up%20%282002%20film%29

Make-up (2002 film)

Make-up is a 2002 Indian Kannada-language comedy film directed by Singeetam Srinivasa Rao and starring Jaggesh in dual getups and Laila Patel. It was released on 3 October 2002. Plot Cast Jaggesh as K.D. Roy and Doddamma Laila Khan as Pooja Bank Janardhan as a police commissioner Mimicry Dayanand as Bobby Tennis Krishna as Saridon Komal as a karate master Pavitra Lokesh Shakti Kapoor Yatiraj Jaggesh Master Raghavendra Jayaram Production The make up for Jaggesh's grandmother getup in the film took four hours to apply. Newcomer Laila Patel from Mumbai was cast as the heroine. The film was produced by Jaggesh and his wife, Parimala, and was written by his son Gururaj. Shakti Kapoor and Jaggesh's son, Yathiraj, play supporting roles. Soundtrack Debutante John composed the music. Release Chitraloka gave a favourable review and opined that "Director Singeetham Srinivasarao has shown his diligence and proves that comedy is his hot favorite" and stated that "Jaggesh's effort and his dialogue delivery is a treat to watch". Viggy opined that "Jaggesh as Doddamma has done an excellent job" and called the film "A sheer pleasure for Jaggesh fans". Box office Despite the positive reviews and a good run at the box office, the film was a box office failure and lost seventy five lakhs due to the film's high budget. Jaggesh had to sell his house to compensate for the loss. Jaggesh cites the reason for the film's failure is that the film released at the "wrong time". Despite the film's failure, Jaggesh garnered appreciation for his role. References External links 2000s Kannada-language films 2002 comedy films Films directed by Singeetam Srinivasa Rao Indian comedy films

69558926

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis%20Doedel

Louis Doedel

Louis Alfred Gerardus Doedel (26 July 1905 – 10 January 1980) was a Surinamese trade unionist. On 29 May 1937, he was involuntarily committed at the psychiatric hospital by Governor Johannes Kielstra. Doedel was forgotten by the public and often presumed dead. He was not released until late 1979, and died shortly after release. Biography Louis Doedel was born on 26 July 1905 in Paramaribo as an illegitimate child. In 1928, he went to Curaçao hoping to get a job at the Shell oil refinery. He found a job at the taxation office, however, his revolutionary ideas drew the attention of the police. On 28 February 1931, he was deported back to Suriname. On 25 May 1931, Doedel founded a committee for the unemployed which was later renamed Surinaamse Volksbond. On 28 October 1931, a protest organised by Doedel turned into a two-day riot resulting in one death, two wounded, and 56 arrests. In 1932, he founded , a trade union, which was officially recognized. On 28 May 1937, he demanded to speak with Governor Kielstra, who refused to see him. The next day, Doedel returned covered in white clay, because white people were allowed in, and dropped his pants. Kielstra used this incident to have Doedel involuntarily committed at the psychiatric hospital. Officially, it was an observation for 28 days. On 18 March 1938, Doedel wrote a letter to Kielstra apologising for the incident, and asked to be allowed to work on a piece of land in Saramacca. His plea was ignored. During his stay at Wolfenbüttel, he received electroconvulsive therapy. To the outside world, Doedel was forgotten and often presumed dead. After 43 years of commitment, he was finally released in late 1979. At his release, he was no longer able to walk or talk. Doedel died several days later on 10 January 1980, at the age of 74. The government paid for his burial. Aftermath In 1998, Emile Wijntuin, former chairperson of parliament, wrote Louis Doedel, martelaar voor het Surinaamse volk (Louis Doedel, martyr for the Surinamese people), a biography about Doedel. Wijntuin also founded Comité Eerherstel Louis Doedel which aims to rehabilitate his name. In 1999, created a documentary about Nina Jurna, his niece, trying to piece together the story of her great-uncle. On 10 January 2010, a bust was revealed in his honour on the terrain of SIVIS. On 18 February 2021, the medical files of Doedel were released to his family. See also Political abuse of psychiatry References 1905 births 1980 deaths People from Paramaribo Political abuses of psychiatry Human rights abuses in Suriname Surinamese trade unionists

69559031

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime%20Counter%20Crime

Crime Counter Crime

Crime Counter Crime is a 1936 detective novel by E.C.R. Lorac, the pen name of the British writer Edith Caroline Rivett. It is the ninth in her long-running series featuring Chief Inspector MacDonald of Scotland Yard, a Golden Age detective who relies on standard police procedure to solve his cases. It was her first novel published by Collins Crime Club after switching from Sampson Low, partly on the success of the previous entry in the series The Organ Speaks. Collins then published the remainder the series. Synopsis In a Lancashire mining town during the 1935 General Election, a communist agitator is found murdered while on his way to disrupt a speaking engagement by the Conservative Party candidate. Tensions are further raised when a hardline nationalist politician sets his own party followers to investigate the murder. References Bibliography Cooper, John & Pike, B.A. Artists in Crime: An Illustrated Survey of Crime Fiction First Edition Dustwrappers, 1920-1970. Scolar Press, 1995. Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980: A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland Publishing, 1984. Nichols, Victoria & Thompson, Susan. Silk Stalkings: More Women Write of Murder. Scarecrow Press, 1998. Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015. 1936 British novels British mystery novels Novels by E.C.R. Lorac Novels set in England British detective novels Collins Crime Club books

69559540

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lation%20Scott

Lation Scott

Lation (Ligon) Scott (December 25, 1893 – December 2, 1917) was an African American lynching victim suspected of raping a white woman in Dyer County, Tennessee. Scott was tortured, mutilated and burned alive by a mob on Sunday, December 2, 1917. Early life Scott was born in Holly Springs, Mississippi on December 25, 1893. He was married and had a 3-year-old child but lived apart from his wife. Scott registered for the World War I draft on June 5, 1917, and described his occupation as farming. He was described on the form as tall and slender. Background In 1917 Scott was a farmworker who worked for a white farmer who had rented a small landholding. The farmer had a 24-year-old wife and two small children. It was reported that Scott occasionally lived in the house with the farmer and his family. Some reports have said that Scott was "half-witted" and when signing his selective service application he did not sign his name with a signature: on the form there is an X and the words "made his mark". Scott passed his physical examination and was likely to be called to service. It was also said that Scott was a preacher and there were varying reports stating that he was either a Baptist or a Holy Roller. During the day of November 22, 1917, the farmer had gone to work in town. The farmer's wife claimed that Scott locked the farmer's older child in the barn. Next she stated that he came in the house from behind her and tied and gagged her; and then raped her. The woman claimed that Scott did not kill her because she begged for her life. Once freed she ran into the road and told passers-by what had happened. News spread quickly and anger grew. Latian went on the run and evaded capture for ten days. A reward of 200 dollars was offered for his capture ($4,356.28 in 2021 dollars). Rumors about Scott were circulated which inflamed the white searchers: one rumor said that Scott had syphilis. Later the physician who examined Scott at the examining board said that Scott did not have syphilis because he passed his draft examination. Lynching Capture On December 1, ten days after the accusation, he was found. Scott was seeking work in Oakfield, Tennessee, and the foreman at the job recognized him. The foreman held Scott and sent for Sheriff Perry of Madison County, Tennessee. Sheriff Perry notified Sheriff Bryant of Dyer County and Bryant immediately came and moved Scott to the jail in Union City. The police held Scott overnight and word of his arrest quickly spread to the neighboring counties. During the night Bryant found out that many people knew where Scott was being held, so he sent a deputy and a night watchman to get Scott. It was reported that they also traveled with an undertaker and Bryant's brother-in-law. The men did not take a secret or alternate route to Dyersburg. While transporting Scott the car was surrounded by men who blocked the road. The deputies gave up Scott and phone calls were made, while Scott was transported to Dyer. Once in Dyer, the mob quickly obtained a confession from Scott. The leaders in the mob decided to hold a kangaroo court to determine guilt. Scott was ushered into the nearby courtroom and a jury was selected and seated. David Moss, manager of the local Phoenix Cotton Oil Mill, acted as judge and told Scott to stand up. Scott stood up. Moss asked, "Are you guilty or are you not guilty?" Scott replied that he was guilty and the jury then found him guilty. Moss then addressed the mob and asked if they wanted Scott burned or hanged. He also told them "to remember that it was Sunday." and he asked them to think of the town's reputation. It was later revealed that the farmer and his wife both wanted Scott burned. Torture and murder Next Scott was tortured for over three hours and burned alive before a crowd estimated at 7,000–8,000 people. Nobody in the mob wore masks to hide their faces. The Memphis Press-Scimitar reported that long before the mob reached the city the town was "choked with humanity". People waited patiently and women stood by making their babies comfortable. A reporter for the Nashville Tennessean said that every housetop and awning in the vicinity of the pyre was covered with spectators. One eleven-year-old boy said that he was waiting for a train when he heard that the train was transporting people to a lynching. It was a 25-cent roundtrip and he decided to go and paid his fare. He said when he arrived people all "rushed uptown" where they watched. Reports of the torture and burning have said Scott was taken to an empty lot and chained to a buggy axle which was pounded into the ground. He was then tortured for three and a half hours. The mutilation and lynching of Scott are said to have taken place immediately after church let out on Sunday, December 2, 1917. Scott was chained and watching while men heated hot pokers in a fire. When the irons were hot enough someone asked if Scott had anything to say. He made some statement that most people did not listen to. A man took one of the hot pokers and drove it into one of Scott's eye sockets. Scott was said to have been moaning and the smell of his burning flesh was immediately apparent. Then someone drove another hot poker into Scott's other eye. Next they laid him out on the ground and used red-hot smoothing irons to burn the skin off of his back and sides. They used the red-hot irons on his feet. Many people remarked that they could smell the burning flesh. He was then castrated. A hot poker was then put down his throat. Someone else drove a red hot poker into his ribs. Finally the crowd gathered up items to fuel a fire and someone lit the fire. The fire burned but reports say that Scott lived for some time longer while the mob continued to add firewood and rubbish to the burn pile. Legacy An NAACP investigation found that the identity of the people who led the mob were well known throughout Dyer County but nobody was ever punished for the lynching of Scott. Some residents felt that they were doing their civic duty by lynching Scott. One man compared said of the lynching, "t was the biggest thing since the Ringling Brothers Circus came to town." Some people felt that the mob leaders were, "no better than the negro". Scott was the last person lynched in Dyer County Tennessee. In Margaret Vandiver's 2005 book, Lethal Punishment: Lynchings and Legal Executions in the South, she states, "The lynching of Lation Scott, was the most ghastly of all those I researched." In 2020 while people were observing the Black Lives Matter movement in Dyersburg, protestors came to downtown Dyersburg, and one person gave a speech about Scott. See also List of lynching victims in the United States References Notes 1893 births 1917 deaths People from Holly Springs, Mississippi Farmworkers 1917 in Tennessee 1917 murders in the United States December 1917 events Lynching deaths in Tennessee African-American history of Tennessee

69561782

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beate%20Ulbricht

Beate Ulbricht

Beate Ulbricht (also known as Beate Matteoli; 6 May 1944 – 5/6 December 1991) was the adopted daughter of First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of the GDR Walter Ulbricht and his wife Lotte. Biography Parentage and adoption Ulbricht was born Mariya Pestunova in 1944 in Leipzig in what was then the Greater German Reich. Her birth mother was a Ukrainian forced laborer; the identity of her father was unknown. In summer 1944, shortly after Ulbricht's birth, her mother died in an air raid bombing. Ulbricht was sent to an orphanage, whereupon she was adopted for a short time before her foster mother decided to return her. In January 1946, she was adopted a second time by Walter Ulbricht, then a member of the Landtag of Saxony, and his partner Lotte. It was the second attempt at adoption for the couple, who wanted children, but were unable to have them on their own because prior illnesses left Lotte Ulbricht unable to conceive. Beate Ulbricht's birth parentage was kept secret from the public until after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Because of Soviet laws which prevented children born to Soviet citizens from being adopted by foreign parents, Ulbricht's adoption was not formally approved until 26 August 1950, with the caveat that she could not renounce Soviet citizenship in favor of East German citizenship. Education At age 2, Ulbricht suffered from health problems, but she managed to overcome them and continue her primary school education in Berlin. In 1954, she enrolled at the Russian school on Kissingenstraße in Pankow, where her status made her a target of bullying from her fellow students. When she was 15 years old, her adoptive parents, now legally married, sent her to Leningrad for high school. There she studied history and Russian at the Leningrad State Pedagogical Institute. In 1962, she began a romantic relationship with Ivanko Matteoli, the son of an Italian Communist Party functionary. The two married over her parents' objections in Pankow in October 1963, after which Ulbricht dropped out of her studies. Relationships and marriage After the birth of Ulbricht's daughter in February 1965, she expressed her desire to return to Leningrad in order to avoid continued rejection and hostility from her parents. After her husband left for the Soviet Union to prepare the move, their plans were thwarted when the East German government confiscated her passport. In 1967, Ulbricht consented to her parents' wishes and divorced her husband, whereupon her passport was returned the following day. She flew to Leningrad to find her ex-husband, but was unsuccessful in locating him. While in the Soviet Union, she met a former classmate, Yuri Polkovnikov, whom she married in March 1968. In January 1969 she gave birth to a son and resumed her studies. Ulbricht was subjected to violence from her husband and became an alcoholic as a result. After the death of Ulbricht's father in 1973, she divorced Polkovnikov and returned to East Germany. There she lived with her two children in social circumstances made difficult by her estrangement from her parents. At the end of the 1970s, the authorities removed her children from her custody. Later life and death Between 27 August and 7 September 1991, Ulbricht gave an 11-part interview to the tabloid Super!, wherein she discussed personal details about life with her family. On the night of December 3, neighbors of her apartment in the Lichtenberg borough of eastern Berlin reported loud arguments, barking dogs and many men coming and going to police. When they arrived they found Ulbricht's body, with facial injuries and showing signs of prolonged alcohol abuse. She had either fallen or been beaten; the manner of death, whether an accident or homicide, has never been determined. If she was murdered, her death has been linked to that of a man, said to have once been her lover, found stabbed in his burnt apartment almost two years later. Lotte Ulbricht was apparently unsurprised, saying "Fancy that ...", when a reporter visited her to inform her of her daughter's death. Relationship with adoptive parents Upon Ulbricht's adoption, she was expected to play her part as a member of the model East German socialist family. Lotte Ulbricht wrote to adoption authorities that she aspired to raise her daughter into a "valuable member of the new Germany." According to her housekeeper, "[she] wanted above all for [Beate Ulbricht] to be the best." Public and private pressures became increasingly burdensome to her as she got older. When in her teenage years she began to rebel against her parents, she was punished by being sent to study in the Soviet Union. After Ulbricht wed her first husband, she was subjected to a campaign of harassment by East German authorities. Her parents revoked her privileges, cut off further contact, and forced her to work as a solderer at the VEB Stern-Radio plant in Berlin. She learned after her father's death that she had been disinherited from his will. Ulbricht spoke warmly about her adoptive father, who had treated her well and doted upon her. But she referred to her mother as "the hag," calling her "cold-hearted and egotistic." According to her, Walter Ulbricht married Lotte on the orders of Stalin. See also List of unsolved deaths References 1944 births 1991 deaths German adoptees People from Leipzig Political families of Germany Unsolved deaths

69562172

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guevara%20al-Budayri

Guevara al-Budayri

Guevara Al-Budayri Isaac Ahmad Al-Budayri (Arabic: جيفارا البديري) (born in Jerusalem year 1976) a Palestinian reporter, who reports from the west bank for Al Jazeera channel. She has a bachelor's degree in Journalism and Media from Yarmouk University in Jordan. She was arrested by the Israeli forces in June 5,2021 while covering a sit-in in Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood, Jerusalem. She was violently assaulted and arrested alongside with the photographer Nabil Mazzawi, who worked with her, she got released on the same day by the Israeli police, with the prevention from entering the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood for 15 days. Personal life Daughter of the Jerulastic lawyer and journalist Isaaq Ahmed Al-Budayri, director of the orient house, and her mother Mrs. Hedaya Al-Kazemi, president of the Arab Women's Union Association in Jerusalem, and her siblings the journalist and media figure Ahmed Al-Budayri and lawyer Oruba Al-Budayri. Married to the dentist Fouad Al-Muthaffar,and have two daughters, one of them is called Raya. References 1976 births Palestinian journalists Living people

69562499

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epitaph%20for%20a%20Spy

Epitaph for a Spy

Epitaph for a Spy is a 1938 spy novel by Eric Ambler. Plot Josef Vadassy is a Hungarian refugee of uncertain statehood. Born in Szabadka, as a result of the Treaty of Trianon he is no longer a citizen of Yugoslavia but a persona non grata. While on holiday in the south of France, he sends a roll of camera film for development, however it turns out to contain pictures which are not his, of nearby naval defences. He is arrested on suspicion of spying. The police realise that Vadassy did not take the pictures, but that someone else at his hotel must have an identical camera, a Zeiss Ikon Contax. Vadassy is told to return to the hotel to find the real spy, with the threat that should he fail to do so, he will be deported, which could mean death. Context The novel was published and is set just before World War II. Vadassy is a typical Ambler protagonist, sympathetic but out of his depth. The plight of stateless individuals is a recurring theme in Ambler's novels. The hotel setting makes the novel similar to a country house whodunit. The book contained early descriptions of German concentration camps, based on Ambler's conversations with refugees and reading of left-wing newspapers. The book was serialised in the Daily Express and made Ambler a household name. Adaptations The novel was filmed as Hotel Reserve in 1944, staring James Mason. It was adapted for television in 1953, with Peter Cushing as Josef Vadassy, and again in 1963 with Colin Jeavons as Vadassy. References British spy novels Novels by Eric Ambler 1938 British novels

69562751

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Hittle

Daniel Hittle

Daniel Joe Hittle (March 1, 1950 – December 6, 2000) was an American serial killer and mass murderer who shot five people, including a police officer, during a rampage in Dallas and Garland, Texas, in 1989. At the time, he was on parole for the 1973 murders of his adoptive parents in Motley, Minnesota. For his latter crimes, Hittle was sentenced to death and subsequently executed in 2000. Early life and parricide Daniel Joe Hittle was born on March 1, 1950, in Perry County, Indiana, but was adopted at an early age by Henry and Margaret Hittle, a couple who later moved to a small farm in Motley, Minnesota. While little is known about his upbringing, friends and acquaintances of Hittle described him as a quiet, polite man who could not stand being teased and became violent when drunk. His best friend from high school, Gary Wentworth, later revealed in a press interview that Hittle developed a festering hatred for his religious stepmother, as he considered her an overbearing and overly strict person, which was not aided by the fact that Hittle had developed an addiction to hard drugs. Behind closed doors, his ex-wives and girlfriends said that he was often physically and verbally abusive to both them and their children, and would often torture and kill stray animals. In one incident, one of his wives said that he shot a neighbor's dog for barking at him. In another case, he decided to kill the family dog because he thought it was killing other farm animals. To do so, he tied it to a tree and shot it with his shotgun, and then left the corpse tied to the tree. On April 4, 1973, Hittle, angry that his adoptive parents' dog had supposedly scratched his truck, started arguing with his stepmother, Margaret. During the scuffle, she allegedly said that he did not have the courage to shoot her, only for Hittle to retrieve his shotgun and immediately do so. While attempting to reach for his own firearm, Henry was also shot and killed on the spot. The incident was immediately reported to the police by alarmed neighbors, with authorities quickly arriving on the scene and arresting Hittle on the spot. His adoptive parents' bodies were found lying just inside the front door of the house. Hittle was subsequently charged with two counts of first degree murder, and a $15,000 bond was placed. He pleaded guilty to two counts of second degree murder and received two concurrent 30-year sentences, to be served at the Minnesota Correctional Facility – Stillwater. Parole, move to Texas, and killing spree In the same month as Hittle's trial was taking place, a bill proposed and sponsored by State Representative James E. Ulland was passed which mandated that convicts serving at least a 20-year sentence may be eligible for parole without needing to serve the minimum sentence, provided that they were model inmates. As he qualified for early release under the provisions of this bill, Hittle was paroled in 1984 and was allowed to move to Garland, Texas, where he was kept under surveillance by authorities. Hittle continued to habitually use drugs, supplied by his drug dealer, 39-year-old Mary Goss. Hittle and Goss sometimes got into arguments over debts, and she had him arrested for slashing her tires. On November 15, 1989, after being thrown out of a party and getting into an argument with his wife, an enraged Hittle grabbed his 20-gauge shotgun and stormed out of the house, got in his truck and began driving towards Goss' house. On the way, he was stopped by 48-year-old police officer Gerald Ray Walker, who pulled him over for driving over the speed limit. Fearful that Walker would notice his loaded gun in the back, Hittle pulled it out and shot the officer in the chest before speeding away, leaving Walker to slowly succumb to his injuries. After he arrived at Goss' house, he burst through the door and opened fire, killing Goss and two of her friends: 36-year-old Richard Joseph Cook and 19-year-old Raymong Scott Gregg. He then noticed Goss' 4-year-old daughter, Christy Condon, and after reloading his shotgun with new ammunition, he proceeded to shoot her in the face. Arrest, trial, and imprisonment Unbeknownst to Hittle, an off-duty firefighter, who was at the traffic stop where Walker had been, had called for help using the officer's mobile radio. Hittle attempted to escape, but crashed his truck and then started a gunfight with authorities, only to surrender when he ran out of ammunition. Upon inspecting the Goss house, authorities noticed that Condon was still alive and drove her to the Baylor University Medical Center. Despite surviving her initial injuries, the girl was soon declared brain dead. Her surviving family members agreed to have the life-support system turned off, and consented to her organs being donated for science. After being treated for minor injuries suffered during the shootout, Hittle was interned at the Garland County Jail on $250,000 bail, where he was charged with capital murder and three counts of attempted murder with the police-related shootings. After a several-months long trial, Hittle was convicted by jury verdict on all counts in August 1990, and subsequently sentenced to death. Due to his death sentence, it was decided that he would not be tried for the other deaths. Throughout the proceedings, Hittle was noted for his carefree and seemingly happy demeanor, with some witnesses testifying that he had bragged about his parents' murders and had spoken of killing police officers in the past. Over the following years, Hittle unsuccessfully attempted to appeal his sentence to both the state and federal courts, only for his death sentence to be upheld at each venue. On January 10, 1994, his final appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States was denied, effectively cementing his death sentence. Execution On December 6, 2000, Hittle was executed via lethal injection at the Huntsville Unit. His last statement was "Sant Ajaib Singh. That's it", referencing the Indian guru Ajaib Singh. His execution was attended by several witnesses, including Gerald Walker's widow and another police officer, with the former releasing a statement thanking the state of Texas for carrying out the procedure. See also Capital punishment in Texas List of people executed in Texas, 2000–2009 List of people executed by lethal injection List of serial killers in the United States References External links FindAGrave 1950 births 2000 deaths 20th-century American criminals American male criminals Male serial killers American serial killers American mass murderers American murderers of children American people convicted of murder American people convicted of murdering police officers People convicted of murder by Minnesota People convicted of murder by Texas Parricides 20th-century executions by Texas Executed American serial killers Executed mass murderers People executed by Texas by lethal injection People executed for murder People executed for murdering police officers Executed people from Indiana Criminals from Indiana People from Perry County, Indiana

69563387

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fireflies%20in%20the%20Sun

Fireflies in the Sun

Fireflies in the Sun () is a 2021 Chinese crime thriller film produced by Chen Sicheng, directed by Dai Mo, and starring Xiao Yang, Janice Man, and Simon Yam. It is a remake of the 2002 American thriller drama film John Q., which was directed by Nick Cassavetes and starring Denzel Washington. It is a sequel to Sheep Without a Shepherd. It follows the story of Lin Rilang, a father and husband whose son is diagnosed with an enlarged heart and gives all his efforts to collect money for his son's operation. The film premiered in China on 17 December 2021. Cast Xiao Yang as Lin Rilang, a screenwriter Janice Man as Ah Ling, Lin Rilang's wife Simon Yam as Zhang Zhengyi, police Wang Haoze as Xiaochong, son Chen Yusi as Li Anqi, journalist Song Yang as Dama, Xiaochong's attending doctor Aarif Rahman sa Sading, mayor's secretary Tan Zhuo Production The producers originally decided to go to Thailand again for the view. However, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, they built a street view of Thailand in Jiangmen, Guangdong, and the indoor play was completed in the studio of Xiangshan Global Studios. Release Fireflies in the Sun was released in China on 17 December 2021. Box office Fireflies in the Sun earned a total of 300 million yuan in its first three days of release. References External links 2021 films Mandarin-language films Chinese crime thriller films Chinese films Films set in Thailand Films shot in Guangdong Films shot in Zhejiang

69564089

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galudih

Galudih

Galudih is a village in the Ghatshila CD block in the Ghatshila subdivision of the East Singhbhum district, Jharkhand, India. Geography Location Galudih is located at . Galudih Barrage The Galudih barrage across the Subarnarekha is a part of the Subarnarekha Multipurpose Project, which is a joint venture of the states of Bihar (later Jharkhand), West Bengal and Odisha. The barrage diverts water into canals on both sides of the river. Chandil Dam is also a part pf this project. Burudi Lake is about 4 km away. Area overview The area shown in the map “forms a part of the Chota Nagpur Plateau and is a hilly upland tract”. The main rivers draining the district are the Subarnarekha and the Kharkai.The area lying between Jamshedpur and Ghatshila is the main industrial mining zone. The rest of the district is primarily agricultural. In the district, as of 2011, 56.9% of the population lives in the rural areas and a high 43.1% lives in the urban areas. Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the district. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map. Civic administration There is a police station at Galudih. Demographics According to the 2011 Census of India, Galudi had a total population of 311, of which 163 (52%) were males and 148 (48%) were females. Population in the age range 0-6 years was 46. The total number of literate persons in Galudi was 158 (59.62% of the population over 6 years). (*For language details see Ghatshila block#Language and religion) Transport Galudih railway station is on the Kharagpur-Tatanagar line. References Villages in East Singhbhum district

69564436

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciudad%20Bugambilias

Ciudad Bugambilias

Ciudad Bugambilias (Guadalajara, Mexico) Spanish pronunciation: [sjuˈðað βuɣãmˈbiljas] is an exclusive residential gated neighborhood, located in the municipality of Zapopan, part of the metropolitan zone of Guadalajara in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. Established in 1975. It was one of the first neighborhoods developed towards the south of the city focusing on green communal areas, enclosed by the polygon forestal protected area Cerro del Tajo and part of the Primavera Forest. It is known to be home to many high-net-worth individuals and affluent established families of the country. Its main entrance is located via Avenida López Mateos. The area is currently monitored by a new system of surveillance C5 introduced in partnership with the state and private police. Geography Divided into two sections, the first located at the bottom of the forest plateau and the second on the hill directly next to the forest and overseeing the city. The second panoramic section has the best air quality compared to the rest of the city due to its proximity to the forest. Green areas are currently protected restricting construction due to their ecological importance and biodiversity since 2018 by the INAH (National Institute of Archaeology and History), SEMARNAT (Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources), SCT (Secretaríat de Communications and Transport), and government of the state of Jalisco. Education Private schools include Cumbres International School Guadalajara (Legionaries of Christ) Instituto Alpes Bugambilias (Legionaries of Christ) Instituto DaVinci Talentos (Preschool) Economy Shopping malls Plaza Bugambilias Plaza Panorámica Bugambilias Private Clubs Bugambilias Club See also Zapopan Guadalajara Guadalajara Metropolitan Area References Zapopan Luxury real estate Architecture of Mexico Edge cities in Mexico Guadalajara metropolitan area Guadalajara, Jalisco Gated communities Protected areas of Jalisco

69564546

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Fanone

Michael Fanone

Michael Fanone is an American law enforcement analyst and former police officer. He is a CNN on-air contributor. Fanone worked for the Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia from 2001 to 2021. He was injured during the 2021 United States Capitol attack. Fanone had joined the United States Capitol Police after the September 11 attacks. Early life Fanone was born in Washington, D.C. and raised in Alexandria, Virginia. His mother, Terry Fanone, is a social worker and his father is a lawyer at a large law firm. They divorced when he was eight years old. His mother came from a working-class family in rural Maryland. Fanone attended Georgetown Preparatory School for a year. He then attended boarding school in Maine. He left to work in construction and graduated from Ballou High School. Career Fanone joined the United States Capitol Police after the September 11 attacks. A few years later, he joined the Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia, remaining a member for approximately 20 years. He was injured during the 2021 United States Capitol attack and had a heart attack. Fanone testified before the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack. In June 2021, Fanone asked Kevin McCarthy and other Republicans in Congress to denounce the January 6 conspiracies. Due to physical and emotional injuries, he returned to limited duty in September 2021, working in the technical and analytical services bureau. In October 2021, one of the men charged with assaulting Fanone was released from jail and put under house arrest. After submitting his resignation, his last day on duty was December 31, 2021. Fanone joined CNN in January 2022 as an on-air contributor and law enforcement analyst. Personal life Fanone is divorced and has four daughters. He lives in Virginia with his mother. Fanone was formerly a supporter of Donald Trump and voted for him in the 2016 United States presidential election. References External links Living people Year of birth missing (living people) Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia officers People from Alexandria, Virginia United States Capitol Police officers 2021 United States Capitol attack CNN people

69566376

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihadist%20insurgency%20in%20Burkina%20Faso

Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso

The Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso () is an ongoing war and civil conflict between the Government of Burkina Faso and Islamist rebels. The war has been interpreted as being the Burkinabè theatre of the insurgency in the Maghreb. Background Blaise Compaoré, president of Burkina Faso from 1987 to 2014, treated Islamists somewhat better than French colonial officials did. Compaore's Mauritanian advisor, Moustapha Ould Limam Chafi and General Gilbert Diendéré both contacted several Islamist leaders in order to free hostages held by these groups. Burkina Faso acted as a mediator during the Mali War between rebels and the government. Burkina Faso led an intervention into the country in 2013. However, in November 2014, Compaoré was overthrown, marking the end of his rule and creating a scenario of instability. Timeline 2015–2016 On 23 August 2015, the insurgency in the Maghreb spread to Burkina Faso, beginning with a attack on a gendarmerie by alleged Boko Haram members. Between August 2015 and October 2016, seven different posts were attacked across the country, slaying 15 and injuring 11. On 9 October, three gendarmes, one rebel, and one civilian were slain during a battle in Samorougan, Hauts-Bassins. On 31 May 2016, three police officers were shot dead in Intangom. On 1 September 2016, a team of two to four jihadists murdered a customs officer and a civilian in Markoye, injuring three others. Two days later, Sahrawi terrorist Adnane Abou Walid Al-Sahraoui accepted responsibility for the attack. On 15 January 2016, terrorists attacked the capital city of Ouagadougou, killing 30 people. Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb and Al-Mourabitoune both took responsibility. 2017 In 2016, the amount of attacks spiked after a new group was founded : Ansarul Islam, led by imam Ibrahim Malam Dicko. The group is particularly active at the border territories of Mali and Burkina Faso. A large proportion of attacks have been focused on Soum province. On 16 December, Ansarul Islam killed dozens of people in the attack on Nassoumbou. On the first of January 2017, an Imam and defect from Asarul Islam was assassinated in Tongomayel. Two months later, a teacher was murdered in the village of Kourfayel, Soum province. On 22 March, the leader of Ansarul Islam, Harouna Dicko, was shot dead in Pétéga by security forces. By this point, a total of 70 people, the majority of them soldiers, gendarmes and police officers, had been killed in a series of 20 attacks. Between 27 March – 10 April 2017, the governments of Mali, France, and Burkina Faso launched a joint operation name "Operation Panga," composed of 1,300 soldiers from the three countries, in Fhero forest, near the Burkina Faso-Mali border, considered a sanctuary for Ansarul Islam. On 5 April, Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin detonated an improvised explosive device on a French military vehicle, injuring two people. An allied detachment found them during a searching operation, but were attacked by the armed Islamist group again, slaying a soldier. During the ensuing twelve days of searching, two jihadists were killed, 8 taken prisoner, and up to 200 suspects arrested. The French forces quickly returned to the offensive, leading several successful raids against military targets. On 27 May, in Pétéga, a retired policeman was assassinated by a group of armed men, but one of them was killed during the operation. On the night between 2 and 3 June, at least five people, including a couple and their child, were murdered in targeted attacks across Soum province. On 9 June, military forces rounded up 74 villagers in the town of Djibo accused of collaborating with Ansarul Islam. Several of the villagers were tortured, two fatally. On 12 July, a shootout between authorities and jihadists took place, with no casualties. The head of Ansarul Islam, Ibrahim Malam Dicko was killed in June 2017. The group announced a new leader, Jafar Dicko. On the night of 24 to 25 July, five members of Ansarul Islam were assassinated in the villages of Ndidja, Sibé and Neyba, Soum province, possibly by the new leadership. On 14 August 2017, a pair of armed men entered a restaurant in Ouagadougou, murdering 18 people before they were shot dead by Burkinabè authorities. On 17 August, a Burkinabè army vehicle rolled over an explosive in Touronata, killing three people and injuring two more. This is the first such incident in the country's history. On 15 September, three men, including an imam and the local village chief, were slain by armed men in Soum province. On 23 September, seven soldiers were killed in a mine explosion. Three days later, two gendarmes were killed in an ambush by jihadists. On 9 November, the Burkina Faso Armed Forces successfully neutralized 12 jihadists in the village of Ariel. 2018 On 2 March 2018, Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin attacked the French embassy in Ouagadougou as well as the general staff of the Burkinabè army. Eight soldiers and eight attackers were killed, and a further 61 soldiers and 24 civilians were injured . In 2018, the insurgency expanded to the east of the country. The jihadists launched three attacks on 13 June : in Tindangou, against a police checkpoint, and on the police station and gendarmerie brigade of Comin-Yanga. During the last attack security forces managed to shoot an assailant. On 12 August, six people were killed by rebels in a bomb attack in Boungou, near Fada N'Gourma. On the night of 27–28 August, eight soldiers died after an explosive device detonated near Pama. On the night of 14–15 September, Jihadists murdered nine people in the villages of Diabiga and Kompiembiga including a religious leader. A few weeks later, rebels kidnapped three employees in a gold mine – an Indian, a South-African and a Burkinabé, slaying three gendarmes in the process. On 4 October, six soldiers died after their military convoy ran over an explosive device. That night, an army of forty Islamists launched an attack against local gendarmes in Inata. The following day, six policemen died in a mine bombing near Sollé. In early October, the Armed Forces of Burkina Faso unrolled a major military operation in the country's East, supported by French forces. On 3 December, gendarmes successfully repelled an ambush at Bougui, ten kilometres from Fada N'Gourma, killing six assailants and injuring another. 2019 On 1 January 2019, armed men murdered six people in the village of Yirgou, Barsalogho department. The villagers, mostly ethnic Mossis, (who form 52% of Burkina Faso's population) responded by massacring the Fulani members of the town, in what is now known as the . 72 people died and over 6,000 were displaced during the incident. On 10 January, a group of 36 jihadists slew twelve civilians in Gasseliki. 17 days later, ten more civilians were killed in Sikiré, near Arbinda. On 28 January, four Burkinabé soldiers were killed and five others wounded in Nassoumbou. From 3–4 February, jihadists are reported to have massacred 14 civilians in Kaïn, 80 kilometres from Ouahigouya. On 4 February, the army reportedly neutralized 146 jihadists in the departments of Kaïn, Banh and Bomborokuy. Human Rights Watch alleged that the military had carried out several summary executions in the process. The Burkinabé Movement for Human and Peoples' Rights reported that no evidence was found of an attack carried out by terrorists in Kain on that date, and that about sixty civilians were executed without trial by the soldiers. On 15 February, the Centre-Est region experienced its first attack. Four Burkinabés and a Spanish priest were killed at a customs post in Nohao, close to the border with Togo. According to Human Rights Watch, between mid-2018 to February 2019, at least 42 people were murdered by jihadists and a minimum of 116 mostly Fulani civilians were killed by military forces without trial. From 31 March to 2 April, ethnic clashes between Fulani, Kurumbas, and Mossis killed 62 people in Arbinda. In 2019, Jihadist groups began to start a persecution campaign against Christians. The campaign began on 28 April 2019, when six people, including a pastor, were killed by a group of 10 to 20 people inside a Protestant church in Silgadji. On 12 May, six more people, including one priest, died in a Catholic church in Dablo after it was raided by Islamists. The next day, a Catholic procession was targeted near Kayon and Singa-Rimaïbé, in Zimtanga department. Four people were murdered and a statue of the Virgin Mary was destroyed. On the night of 9–10 May, French forces attacked a jihadist encampment near Gorom-Gorom, freeing four hostages — two French, one South-Korean and one American. Four jihadists and two French soldiers died. Despite this success, massacres have continued to grow more common. On 9 June 19 civilians died in an attack on Arbinda. On 18 June, armed men murdered 17–18 people in the village of Béléhédé. On 22 June 15 villagers in Sagho and Toekédogo, Barsalogho department, were killed, and on the night of 25–26 July, 22 other villagers died in a massacre in Dibilou, nearby the city of Kaya. According to the NGO, Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project, armed violence in Burkina Faso jumped by 174 % in 2019, with nearly 1,300 civilians dead and 860,000 deplaced. 2020 On 4 January 2020, a bus carrying mainly middle school students blew up after it ran over an explosive device between Toéni and Tougan, resulting in fourteen deaths. On 20 January, jihadists attacked the villages of Nagraogo and Alamou, inside Barsalogho, Sanmatenga, and massacred 36 civilians. The day later, the Parliament of Burkina Faso adopted a law permitting the recruitment of civilian militias called Koglweogo to fight the jihadists. The idea was initially proposed by president Roch Marc Christian Kaboré in November 2019. On 25 January, the village of Silgadji was attacked again, this time with a death toll of 39 civilians. Three days after, six soldiers were killed between Madjoari and Pama, in Kompienga province. On 12 February, two civilians were killed by jihadists in Tanwalbougou. On Sunday, 16 February, a Protestant church in Pansi was attacked by armed jihadists, who murdered 24 people (including the pastor) and wounding 20 more. This was a week before five people (also including a pastor) were slain in a church in the neighbouring town of Sebba. On 29 February, Sebba was attacked again, leaving ten policemen dead. On 8 March, the Fulani villages of Barga-Peulh and Dinguila-Peulh, Barga department, were raided by pro-government militias, leaving forty civilians dead. In October, around fifty refugees who had fled elsewhere tried to return to their home region, thinking that the violence had decreased. Their convoy was ambushed in the middle of the night, ten kilometers from Pissila. 25 male refugees, approximately half of the convoy, were murdered by the attackers. All women and children were spared. 2021 From 4–5 June, unknown militants massacred over 170 people in the villages of Solhan and Tadaryat. On 20 August, jihadists killed 80 people in Gorgadji, including 59 civilians. November became one of the year's bloodiest months for Burkina Faso. On 14 November, the Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin attacked a gendarmerie in Soum province, killing 53 soldiers. On 21 November, an attack in Foubé resulted in nine soldiers dead and ten civilians killed. In December, a group of civilians stopped a French convoy in Kaya Department, alleging that France was secretly working with the jihadists. In a separate incident during that month, Islamists killed 41 people in an ambush, including the popular vigilante leader Ladji Yoro. Yoro was a central figure in the Volunteers for the Defense of the Homeland, or VDP for short, a pro-government militia that has taken a leading role in the country's struggle against Islamists. 2022 On 15 January, at least 10 civilians were killed in an attack blamed on jihadists in northern Burkina Faso, in the village of Namssiguian in Bam province. On 23 January, military officials overthrew Kabore's ruling government. Government failures to quell the Islamist insurgency has been described as a possible motive for the coup, which received unusual popularity. The junta's leader, Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba, is well-known for his widely popular military operations against Islamists. Damiba has also replaced government ministers (such as Gilbert Noël Ouédraogo) perceived to have handled the insurgency poorly with more popular figures. Allegations have arisen in the aftermath of the coup that the Patriotic Movement for Safeguard and Restoration may hire mercenaries from the Wagner Group in the future. Damiba had called earlier to hire Russian mercenaries against the Islamists, but was forbidden to do so by Kabore. On 27 January, France confirmed that from 15 to 23 January 2022, more than sixty recorded jihadists had been "neutralized" in four separate incidents by Burkinabé soldiers working together with French units. Ten members of Ansarul Islam died during a battle with French forces on February 10 near Ouahigouya in return for the killing of five officers in the previous year. Four civilians died in the crossfire. French authorities expressed regret for the civilian casualties, which they assured was accidental. On February 8-9, insurgents attacked the W National Park in Benin, killing nine people. On February 12, French forces retaliated by launching a major airstrike on an Islamist camp in Burkina Faso, killing forty rebels. Humanitarian situation A humanitarian crisis has erupted in the aftermath of the conflict, with thousands of people killed by both sides. The UNHCR estimates that six in ten displaced people in the Sahel are from Burkina Faso. Government forces have summarily executed countless of civilians, disproportionately targeting ethnic Fulani. In October 2019, 14 men had their turbans ripped off by government forces, then forced into a truck and executed. Fulanis have also been subject to violence by pro-government civilians, such as during the 2019 Yirgou massacre, in which hundreds of civilians were murdered by ethnic Mossis. In 2020, a mass grave of over 180 civilians was found near Djibo, killed by government forces. Summary executions and war crimes by the military have become an ordinary incident in the town. In one separate incident, 10 civilians were killed in a market place in Petagoli, three of them Dogon foreigners from Mali. Jihadists have also been guilty of human rights abuses. Villagers have been terrorized during their everyday lives, often prohibited from holding baptisms or marriages; the assassination of local elders has become a common occurrence. From April 2019 to January 2020, Human Rights Watch recorded the killing of at least 256 civilians in a series of 20 different attacks. Islamists have also targeted schools, the most famous example happening on 12 November 2018, when six Islamists broke into a primary school, mugged the principal, and attacked several students. This was one of the few local cases in which the people responsible for such an attack were arrested. Rebels have justified attacks on schools by painting them as French and Western-style indoctrination programs. Numerous schools have been shut down, leading to an estimated 300,000 children without access to education. References Wars involving Burkina Faso Civil wars involving the states and peoples of Africa Islamism in Burkina Faso Persecution of Christians Ongoing conflicts Conflicts in 2022 Mali War Islamic terrorism in Burkina Faso Human rights in Burkina Faso Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso Ongoing insurgencies

69567987

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davidkhanian%20family

Davidkhanian family

The Davidkhanian family is one of the oldest and most prominent families of Iran, tracing their lineage back to the Safavid empire in early 18th century Iran. Many members of the family served the country as generals, diplomats, politicians, cabinet ministers, and advisors to the Shah. The Davidkhanian mansion, one of the estates owned by the family, is located on Sepah Street, the oldest street in Iran. It now serves as government offices. In January of 2022, H.D. Wright, a member of the family, published an essay in The Armenian Weekly on the Iran nuclear deal, arguing that "until the U.S. sees Iran as a partner, rather than an adversary to be manipulated and exploited, true progress will remain elusive." Prominent members of the family Prominent members of the family include, among many others This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. Markar Khan Davidkhanian, Minister of Finance of Iran and Chief Financial Advisor to Fath-ali Shah David Khan Davidkhanian, Diplomat and Chief Physician to the Shah of Iran (1795-1851) Martiros Khan Davidkhanian, General, Philanthropist, Professor, and Chief of Staff of the Cossack Brigade (1843-1905) Eskandar Khan Davidkhanian, General, Professor, and Deputy Commander of the Cossack Brigade Sarkis Khan Davidkhanian, General and Founder of the modern Iranian Postal System (1846-) Soleiman Khan Davidkhanian, General (1852-1895) Meguertitch Khan Davidkhanian, Governor of Dezful and ruler of Khorramshahr (1902-1983) Prominent marriages into the family include, among many others This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. Set Khan, military advisor to Naser al-Din Shah and the Persian ambassador to Great Britain (1780-1842) Tsatur Khan, General, Diplomat, and Chief Deputy for Foreign Dignitaries (1820-1905) Alexander Khan Setkhanian (1865-1953), husband of Maryam Davidkhanian Karolina Hoeltzer (1879-1957), daughter of Ernst Hoeltzer, wife of Eskandar Khan Davidkhanian Hakob Hakobian (1923-2013), husband of Mary Davidkhanian Marin Hopper, daughter of Dennis Hopper and Brooke Hayward, wife of John Tigran Connected families The Setkhanian family was an Iranian political family whose members included numerous diplomats, generals, and military advisors to the Shah. The progeny of a mid-18th century Armenian immigrant to Iran, many members of the family became prominent in Iranian foreign affairs, politics, and business. General Alexander Khan Setkhanian, grandson of the progenitor Set Khan, married Maryam Davidkhanian, the daughter of Martiros Khan Davidkhanian, linking the families in 1894. The Hayward and Hopper families, first made prominent by Senator Monroe Hayward and actor Dennis Hopper, were linked to the Davidkhanian family in 2004, when Marin Hopper, the granddaughter of Leland Hayward and daughter of Dennis Hopper, married John Tigran, the grandson of Siran Davidkhanian. Origins The progenitor of the family, known as 'Gharabeg,' was the brother of revolutionary Davit Bek. Davit Bek (1669-1728) was an Armenian military commander and the leader of an Armenian rebellion against invading Ottoman forces and Muslim tribes. Bek and his family was of noble lineage, descending from princes of Chavndour (district of Kovsakan in southeastern Syunik), and had served the vali, the king of Kartli, Vakhtang VI. In 1722, after the Safavid state collapsed, numerous Muslim tribes began to compete in the area for influence, as Persia could no longer sanction the rule of the meliks. To maintain order, the meliks requested aid from Vakhtang, the King of Iberia, who sent Davit Bek, reportedly one of his most capable officers, together with some 2,000 Armenian soldiers. With the help of the local peasants and the meliks, Davit successfully defended the Armenian-inhabited areas from the tribes. To halt the subsequent Ottoman encroachments upon the area, King Tahmasp ll appointed Davit as the governor of the area. Emboldened by his successes, many Armenians revolted against the Ottomans and joined Davit's ranks. Following Bek's campaigns, Gharabeg was brought to Isfahan by the Shah, who recognized the Armenian talent for commerce. Contributions The Davidkhanian family has contributed to the economic, military, and political development of Iran since the Safavid era, while playing a role in Iranian foreign affairs, most prominently in Iran-Russia and Iran-United Kingdom relations during the Great Game. Economics While serving as the Minister of Finance of Iran and Chief Financial Supervisor to Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, Markar Khan Davidkhanian played a leading role in shaping the monetary and foreign policy of Iran during the early 19th century, one of the most tumultuous periods in Iranian economic history. Davidkhanian was appointed Chief Financial Advisor in 1804, a year after the Russo-Persian War had begun, which was a struggle for supremacy in Transcaucasia dating back to the time of Peter the Great and Nader Shah. Both Tsar Alexander and Fath-Ali Shah hoped to consolidate disputed territory in Georgia. Although Persia had the numerical advantage on the battlefield, Russia had superior technology, training, and strategy. Despite the Persian alliance with Napoleon, France could provide little concrete help, and in early 1813 Persia signed the Treaty of Gulistan, ceding what is modern-day Dagestan, Georgia, and large parts of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Russia also gained trade rights within Persia. Although peace reigned for thirteen years after the war, the Persian economy was in shambles, forcing Davidkhanian to rely on foreign subsidies. In July 1826, Russia occupied Mirak, violating the Treaty of Gulistan and reigniting war between the two powers. Persia signed the Treaty of Turkmenchay to end the war in February 1828, which forced Davidkhanian to pay 20 million rubles in silver. As Russia increased its sphere of influence in Iran, Davidkhanian attempted to stem the flow of the Shah's dwindling finances, organized foreign loans, and managed domestic economic instability. Military Following defeats against the Russian empire, another relative by marriage, Ambassador Set Khan, began a campaign with his friend Crown Prince Abbas Mirza to modernize the Persian military and address tactical disparities between the Russia empire and Persian state. After traveling to London to acquire a team of English mining experts and Greek miners, Set Khan began to mine sites that produced copper, silver, and coal. As copper was in high demand in Iran, Set Khan concentrated his team's efforts on cannon smelting, which was considered a breakthrough in Iranian military development. The Persian court hoped that the imperial powers threatening Iran—Russia in the North and the British to the South—could be held at bay by the adoption of European military technology. Given the geopolitical context, Set Khan's exploitation of the copper mines of Azerbaijan were a major advancement for the Persian military reform effort because previously all significant quantities of copper for canon smelting had been purchased from the Ottoman Empire. The transformation of the Persian military was evident during the Ottoman-Persian War, most prominently at the Battle of Erzurum, during which a Persian force of 30,000, led by Abbas Mirza, scored a crushing defeat against an Ottoman army of 50,000 in Eastern Anatolia, leading to the Treaty of Erzurum, despite the numerical disadvantage and prevalence of Cholera in the Persian army. In the same period, by a proposal of the Shah with the backing of the Tsar, the Russians formed the Persian Cossack Brigade, which would play a crucial role in the next few decades of Iranian history and Iran-Russian relations. In 1879, Martiros Khan Davidkhanian began working for the Brigade as a translator. He quickly rose through the ranks until attaining the rank of Raiss-e` Arkan-e Harb, which loosely means the Head of Battle Columns. It was with this rank that he was appointed Chief of Staff of the Persian Cossack Brigade, a position he held for twenty-six years. During this period, he was the highest ranking soldier in the Brigade. In 1879, while Martiros was serving as Chief of Staff, Nasir-ed-Din Shah was assassinated, causing chaos to break out in the streets of Iran. Neither the police nor the regular Iranian army could control the rampaging mobs, so the Brigade was given free rein by the Prime Minister Amin os-Soltan to restore order. The Brigade quickly occupied Tehran, and with the support of the Russians and the British, escorted Mozaffar ad-Din Shah into Tehran, effectively establishing themselves as kingmakers. Following this event, the Brigade was able to exert significant control in internal Persian politics. During the 1906 Constitutional Revolution, Eskandar Khan Davidkhanian, the son of Martiros Khan Davidkhanian, served as Deputy Commander of the Brigade, ranking higher than the future Shah, Reza Pahlavi. During the revolution, Eskandar, second in command to Vladimir Liakhov, shelled the Majlis. Another relative, Alexander Khan Setkhanian, also participated in the containment of the revolution, and later rose to fill his father-in-law Martiros Khan Davidkhanian's former position of Chief of Staff of the Brigade. When asked why he participated in the event, one of the most infamous in Iranian history, Alexander responded, "I am a soldier, not a politician; my loyalty is to the Brigade and to the Shah. Over a decade later, after Reza Shah had visited the Davidkhanian mansion to seek the loyalty of Alexander Khan, the husband of Maryman Davidkhanian, Meguertitch Khan Davidkhanian assisted in the process of centralizing power. Sheikh Khazal, who was supported by the British who had sent him some 3,000 arms and additional ammunition, was demanded by the government to surrender. Reza Shah asked Meguertitch Khan Davidkhanian and Fazlollah Zahedi to meet Sheikh Khazal and convince him to journey to Tehran. Both met with Khazal and spent an evening with him on board his yacht, anchored in the Shatt al-Arab river by his palace in the village of Fallahiyah near the city of Mohammerah. That very evening, Reza Shah sent a gunboat of fifty troops, led by Meguertitch Khan Davidkhanian, to board the yacht. Meguertitch and his men arrested Khazal, marking the end of the rebellion. He was awarded the Order of Sepah by Reza Khan for his efforts. Politics Circa 1927, Meguertitch Khan Davidkhanian was appointed Governor of Khorramshahr, a territory ceded by the Ottomans in the Treaty of Erzurum, signed when Markar Khan Davidkhanian was Finance Minister. The territory was later targeted during the Iran-Iraq War at the Battle of Khorramshahr. Khorramshahr was eventually recaptured by the Iranians during Operation Beit-ol-Moqaddas in 1982, a year before Meguertitch Khan Davidkhanian's death. Davidkhanian also served as the military Governor of Dezful, one of the oldest cities in the Khuzestan province, during the Iran-Iraq War. Academia Martiros Khan Davidkhanian and Eskandar Khan Davidkhanian were among the first professors at Dar ul-Funun, the first modern university and modern institution of higher learning in Iran. Martiros Khan Davidkhanian taught French and Russian for thirty-two years. His son, Eskandar, followed in his footsteps, teaching French and Russian as well. While serving as the Chief of Staff of the Persian Cossack Brigade, Martiros later taught Russian to Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, the King of Iran. Modern Exhibits In the Armenian Ethnographic Museum of New Julfa, located in the Vank Cathedral, one of the oldest of Iran's Armenian churches, there are portraits of Markar Khan Davidkhanian, Martiros Khan Davidkhanian, David Khan Davidkhanian, and Soleiman Khan Davidkhanian on display. In addition, there is a painting of Sarkis Khan Davidkhanian by Sumbat der Kiureghian hanging in the museum. Government Portraits See also Network Abbas Mirza Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia Mozaffar-ad-Din Qajar Mkrtich Khrimian Reza Shah Associated Families Qajar dynasty Pahlavi dynasty Romanov dynasty Related pages History of Iran Military history of Iran Foreign relations of Iran Economic history of Iran Iran–United Kingdom relations Iran-Russia relations The Persian Cossack Brigade Davidkhanian Mansion References Political families of Iran People of Qajar Iran People of Pahlavi Iran Iranian people of Armenian descent

69568950

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serge%20Gell%C3%A9

Serge Gellé

Serge Gellé (born 1964) is a Malagasy politician. He has served as Police Minister in the Madagascar Government since August 2021, succeeding General Richard Ravalomanana. Prior to this he served with the police force for three decades. Helicopter crash On 21 December 2021, Gellé, two military officers and a pilot were involved in a helicopter crash while searching for survivors of the previous day shipwreck, which killed at least 85 people. He survived by swimming for 12 hours before being rescued. One officer also survived, while the pilot and the second officer are still missing. References 1964 births Living people Government ministers of Madagascar 21st-century politicians Survivors of aviation accidents or incidents Police officers Malagasy police officers

69570394

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd%20al-Rahman%20ibn%20Samura

Abd al-Rahman ibn Samura

Abd al-Rahman ibn Samura (, died in Basra) was a general of the Rashidun caliphate and the succeeding Umayyad Caliphate, and caliphal governor of Sijistan in the 7th century CE. Biography According to Ibn Manzur, Ibn Samura was a Qurayshite. His father was Samura ibn Habib ibn Rabi'a ibn Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusayy ibn Kilab. Ibn Samura participated in the Battle of Mu'tah in 629. After Khalid ibn al-Walid managed to organize the safe retreat from the abortive battle, Khalid sent Ibn Samura in advance as a messenger to Medina, capital of the nascent Muslim state, to report the battle result to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. By 652, he replaced Rabi ibn Ziyad al-Harithi as the governor of Sistan. During the Muslim conquest of Sistan, Ibn Samura was sent by governor of Basra, Abdallah ibn Amir to Sistan, and then initiated the Muslim conquest of Khorasan, where he first secured peace in a place named "land of al-Dawar". Capture of Zamindawar (653 CE) In 653-4 CE, an army of around 6,000 Arabs was led by Abd al-Rahman ibn Samura, and seized Rukhkhaj and Zamindawar. In the shrine of Zoon in Zamindawar, it is reported that Samura "broke off a hand of the idol and plucked out the rubies which were its eyes in order to persuade the marzbān of Sīstān of the god's worthlessness." Samura explained to the marzbān: "my intention was to show you that this idol can do neither any harm nor good." Bost and Zabul submitted to the Arab invader by treaty in 656 CE. It is then recorded by Abu Labid that when the army was trying to get their hands on the spoils of war, Ibn Samura stood up and warned them by narrating a hadith he heard from Muhammad that the Prophet forbade the seizing of spoils of war before it is distributed first according to the rule of Sharia. Then those who took the booty returned what they had taken, he then distributed it among them. Then Ibn Samura sent the spoils of war to Abdullah ibn Amir. Bost (Sīstān) and Zabulistan submitted by a treaty of capitulation, also signed with the marzban of Kerman before the death of Caliph Uthman in 656. The Muslims soon lost these territories during the First Civil War (656-661). Upon the caliph's death, he returned to Basra, where its governor Abdallah ibn Amir was dismissed by the new Caliph Ali. He joined Muawiyah I after the Battle of the Camel, and was sent as one of the envoys to Hasan ibn Ali in 661. Abdallah ibn Amir was reappointed as governor in Basra by Muawiyah, and Samura was sent along with Abd Allah ibn Khazim al-Sulami to restore Arab rule in eastern Khurasan and Sīstān. He introduced the office of ṣāḥeb al-šorṭa (chief of police) to Sīstān and built a mosque in Zaranj. Capture of Kabul (665 CE) The territories he had conquered had to be reclaimed by force or by treaty. He launched an expedition to Arachosia and Zabulistan, recovering Bust and other cities. Kabul was occupied in 665 CE after a siege of a few months. Kabul soon revolted but was reoccupied after a month-long siege. He managed to convert 12,000 inhabitants of Kabul to Islam before leaving the city according to Firishta. Muawiyah personally confirmed him as governor dependent on the caliph. Abd al-Rahman's capture and plunder of Kabul put an end to the rule of the Nezak Hun king Ghar-ilchi. The Nezak ruler was succeeded by the powerful Turk dynasty of the Turk Shahis: Barha Tegin, the first Turk Shahi ruler took the throne in 665-666 CE and soon recaptured the territory as far as Kandahar and Bost. After Muawiyah deposed Samura from Sīstān in 665, he retired to Basra where the slaves he had brought from Kabul built a mosque in his house in the building style of Kabul. He died in Basra in 670. References Sources 7th-century military personnel Generals of the Abbasid Caliphate 7th-century Arabs Year of birth missing Year of death missing 7th-century men

69570722

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendy%20Appleby

Wendy Appleby

Wendy Appleby (born April 30, 1952) is an American former professional tennis player. Appleby, a Los Angeles native, was active on the professional tour in the 1970s. She reached the mixed doubles quarter-finals of the 1971 Wimbledon Championships, as a qualifying pairing with Larry Collins. Following her tennis career she served as a police officer in Oakland for 27 years. References External links 1952 births Living people American female tennis players Tennis players from Los Angeles

69570743

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%20a%20Child%27s%20Name

In a Child's Name

In a Child's Name is a four-hour mini-series televised on CBS in 1991. Baby Andrew's mother was murdered by his father and a custody battle ensues between the father's parents and the dead mother's sister played by Valerie Bertinelli. Plot Ken Taylor (Michael Ontkean) lives in New Jersey and is a dentist in Staten Island, NY. He marries Teresa Silvano. On their honeymoon, Teresa is mysteriously beaten within an inch of her life. At the hospital, she tells her sister that she cannot remember what happened and that Ken did not beat her. Ken's partners kick him out of his dental office partnership for stealing money from the vault. Teresa gives birth to their boy named Andrew. Ken murders Teresa and puts her body in the trunk of his car. He drives Andrew and the dead body to Indiana to give physical custody of Andrew to his parents. On the way back to New Jersey, Ken abandons the body in Pennsylvania. He calls Teresa's sister Angela Cimarelli (Valerie Bertinelli) and tells her that Teresa is a drug addict and that she is in a drug rehab center. The police eventually finds the dead body and arrests Ken, who is found guilty of murder. His parents and Angela share custody of Andrew for a while. Ken's parents tried to legally adopt Andrew, but the state of Indiana declares the adoption void. Angela and her husband Jerry Cimarelli (Christopher Meloni) gain full parental custody of Andrew. The movie was based on a true story. Cast Valerie Bertinelli as Angela Silvano-Cimarelli Christopher Meloni as Jerry Cimarelli Michael Ontkean as Ken Taylor Timothy Carhart as Lieutenant Robert Fausak David Huddleston as Zach Taylor Louise Fletcher as Jean Taylor John Karlen as Joe Silvano Joanna Merlin as Frances Silvano Karla Tamburrelli as Teresa Silvano-Taylor Andy Hirsch as Andrew Silvano Eric Tilley as Tom Taylor Nancy McLoughlin as Marilyn Taylor Vincent Guastaferro as Malinouski Mitchell Ryan as Peter Chappell Caroline Kava as Janice Miller Randal Patrick as Ray Engler Jeff Allin as Edward Lindsay Dennis Cockrum as Gregg Reid Lou Criscuolo as Peter Maas Amy Lord as Karen Oliveria Rick Warner as Carl Stampler Caroline Dollar as Astrid Frank Hoyt Taylor as Reverend John Hickman Sam Vlahos as Dr. Vargas C.K. Bibby as Dr. Longwell Robert C. Treveiler as Dr. Kingston Bob Tyson as Dr. Hill Mark Joy as Lawyer Norton Tom Mason as Judge Shipp Mert Hatfield as Judge Pendleton Terry Loughlin as Judge Neuwirth Linda Pierce as Judge Skinner John Bennes as Judge Myrick Susan Rohrer as Judge Langdon Randell Haynes as Judge Kittleston Alma Martinez as Sorayda (uncredited) James Cromwell as Official (uncredited) References External links 1991 television films films set in New Jersey films set in New York City films set in Indiana

69571709

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%20Madagascar%20shipwreck

2021 Madagascar shipwreck

On 20 December 2021, a cargo ship illegally carrying 130 passengers sank off the northeast coast of Madagascar. A hole in the hull caused the engine room to flood, leaving the vessel vulnerable to wave action. At least 85 people died during the accident. Wreck The Francia is a wooden vessel that was not authorized to carry passengers. The ship had illegally taken on 130 passengers for a journey from Antanambe (which is not registered as an official port) to Soanierana Ivongo, a journey of around . Including crew, 138 people were on board. The vessel sank late on 20 December 2021 after its engine room was flooded, leaving it exposed to the action of waves. The flooding was caused by a hole in the ship's hull. Aftermath Helicopter crash Malagasy police minister Serge Gellé was flown to the site of the shipwreck on 21 December. His helicopter crashed and he was one of two surviving passengers (the other was Chief Warrant Officer Jimmy Laitsara). The survivors separately reached land at Mahambo. Gellé used a seat from the helicopter as a flotation device during his twelve-hour overnight swim to safety. Gellé swam to within of the shore, but the waves prevented him from reaching land. He was spotted by a fisherman, whose canoe was too small to accommodate them both. The fisherman returned two hours later with a larger canoe and brought Gellé to dry land. The body of one of the helicopter's occupants, a police colonel, was later recovered; the pilot remains missing. A separate helicopter carried the prime minister, Christian Ntsay, and minister of national defence, General Léon Richard Rakotonirina, to the site of the shipwreck. Responses A force of Malagasy gendarmes was sent to the site and an investigation into the sinking was started by the Malagasy government. Three vessels from the Madagascar Navy and maritime agency assisted in the search for survivors. By 22 December, 64 bodies had been recovered, with around 24 people missing and around 50 survivors rescued. The following day the Madagascan Maritime and Port Agency announced that the confirmed death toll had increased to 85, with three persons missing. President Andry Rajoelina paid tribute to those who died in the shipwreck and helicopter crash. The graveyard of Soanierana-Ivongo was too small to accommodate all the bodies recovered, so some were sent to nearby villages for burial. References 2021 crimes in Africa 2021 disasters in Africa Shipwreck December 2021 crimes in Africa Maritime incidents in 2021 Shipwrecks in the Indian Ocean 2021 shipwreck

69572103

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bats%20in%20the%20Belfry%20%28novel%29

Bats in the Belfry (novel)

Bats in the Belfry is a 1937 detective novel by E.C.R. Lorac, the pen name of the British writer Edith Caroline Rivett. It is the thirteenth in her long-running series featuring Chief Inspector MacDonald of Scotland Yard, a Golden Age detective who relies on standard police procedure to solve his cases. Lorac wrote it in the summer of 1936 while staying with her mother at Westward Ho! in North Devon. Originally published by Collins Crime Club, it was reissued in 2018 by the British Library Publishing as part of a group of crime novels from the Golden Age of Detective Fiction. Reviewing it for the Times Literary Supplement, John Everard Gurdon noted "The plot is intricate and the characterisation sure, with one exception. To identify that exception would be to anticipate the solution." while a later review in A Catalogue of Crime described it as "An early Lorac and a disappointment". Synopsis After Bruce Attleton a once successful now struggling novelist, disappears after apparently being blackmailed his friends investigate. Their enquiries take them to Notting Hill and a strange, semi-derelict building with a tower known as The Belfry, now used as an art studio. The police are called in after they discover a suitcase belonging to the missing man and the blackmailer, an Alsatian sculptor named Debrette has himself vanished. MacDonald is convinced this is a murder case and begins a tortuous search of the rambling building, eventually finding a headless and handless corpse ingenuously hidden in a wall. But does it belong to Attleton or Debrette? A further series of accidents and incidents to various other figures involved in the case throws doubt on the stories and motives of various suspects, particularly Attleton's actress wife Sybilla and her stockbroker lover. However, MacDonald becomes increasingly convinced that the whole business revolves around a potentially very large inheritance that someway may inherit with Attleton out of the way. References Bibliography Cooper, John & Pike, B.A. Artists in Crime: An Illustrated Survey of Crime Fiction First Edition Dustwrappers, 1920-1970. Scolar Press, 1995. Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980: A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland Publishing, 1984. Nichols, Victoria & Thompson, Susan. Silk Stalkings: More Women Write of Murder. Scarecrow Press, 1998. Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015. 1937 British novels British mystery novels Novels by E.C.R. Lorac Novels set in London British detective novels Collins Crime Club books

69572903

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve%20Turner%20%28police%20commissioner%29

Steve Turner (police commissioner)

Stephen Mark Turner (born October 1971) is the Cleveland Police and Crime Commissioner (PCC). He was elected on 13 May 2021, for the Conservative Party. Background Prior to being elected as PCC for Cleveland, Steve Turner was the chief of staff for two MPs. He earlier worked for Safeway as a manager, but resigned in the early 1990s after accepting a police caution for handling stolen goods. Turner was elected as a UKIP Councillor for the Longbeck Ward of Redcar & Cleveland Borough Council on 7 May 2015 after receiving 19.8% of the vote. Councillor at Redcar and Cleveland Borough Council before he defected to the Conservative Party in 2017. Police and crime commissioner In May 2021, Turner stood as the Conservative Party candidate in the Cleveland PCC election and was elected after winning 54% of votes in the first round. Turner assumed the role on 13 May, replacing the acting PCC, Lisa Oldroyd. In September 2021, Labour MP Andy McDonald named Turner in parliament using Parliamentary privilege alleging Turner was sacked from a previous employer for "systematic theft". Turner later admitted that he received a police caution in the 1990s for handling £15 of stolen goods, and voluntarily resigned from his position of store manager at Safeway in Norton. In November 2021, it was reported that Turner is being investigated over a historical sexual assault claim. The investigation is being managed by the Independent Office for Police Conduct and conducted by a force external to Cleveland Police. Turner has rejected calls to resign over the claim, and has not been suspended from the Conservative Party despite calls from the Labour Shadow Home Secretary Nick Thomas-Symonds. Personal life Turner is married to Redcar & Cleveland Borough Councillor Andrea Turner and has three adult sons. He is also a grandfather. References Living people Police and crime commissioners in England Conservative Party (UK) councillors Conservative Party police and crime commissioners 1971 births

69572911

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesbians%20in%20Nazi%20Germany

Lesbians in Nazi Germany

Lesbians in Nazi Germany, unlike homosexual men, were not systematically persecuted. Female homosexuality was criminalized in Austria, but not other parts of Nazi Germany. Because of the relative disinterest of the Nazi state in female homosexuality compared to male homosexuality, there are fewer sources to document the situations of lesbians in Nazi Germany. Background In Berlin, lesbian bars and night clubs opened up in the aftermath of the First World War. Notable amongst them was the Mali und Igel, run by entrepreneur Elsa Conrad. Inside the bar, was a club called Monbijou des Westens. The club was exclusive and catered for Berlin's lesbian, intellectual elite; one famous guest was the actress Marlene Dietrich. Each year the club hosted balls with up to 600 women in attendance. A campaign to close all homosexual bars, including lesbian ones, began in March 1933. Historiography Historians investigating individual cases have come to varying conclusions. Women in Nazi Germany accused of a lesbian relationship faced a different fate depending on their characteristics. Those who were Jewish, black, or politically opposed to the regime faced imprisonment in a concentration camp or death—sentences that in some cases were likely made more harsh by the victims' lesbian identity. In contrast, historian Samuel Clowes Huneke concludes that lesbians accused of non-political crimes were not treated differently based on being lesbian, and simply being denounced as lesbian typically led to a police investigation but no punishment. Therefore, he suggests "heterogenous persecution" as one way that lesbian experiences in Nazi Germany might be described. Historian Laurie Marhoefer argues that "Though not the subjects of an official state persecution, gender-nonconforming women, transvestites, and women who drew negative attention because of their lesbianism ran a clear, pronounced risk of provoking anxiety in neighbors, acquaintances, and state officials, and that anxiety could, ultimately, inspire the kind of state violence that [Ilse] Totzke suffered"—imprisonment in Ravensbrück concentration camp. Memorials In 2008, there was a controversy over the Memorial to Homosexuals Persecuted Under Nazism in Tiergarten, Berlin about the initial non-inclusion of lesbians in the memorial. Critics argued that, while lesbians did not face systematic persecution to the same extent as gay men, it was appropriate to memorialize those women who had been sent to concentration camps. A plan to replace the initial video with one that included women faced a backlash from opposing historians, activists, and memorial directors who argued that it would be "falsification" to include lesbians. Despite efforts by some lesbian activists to commemorate lesbians imprisoned and murdered at Ravensbrück, there has not been agreement on the establishment of a lesbian memorial at the camp. Huneke argues that even though lesbians were not systematically persecuted, it may be appropriate to erect memorials because some lesbians in Nazi Germany faced violence and discrimination. See also Margot Heuman Henny Schermann Ovida Delect Elsa Conrad Mary Pünjer Margarete Rosenberg (Holocaust survivor) Elli Smula References Sources Further reading External links History of women in Germany Lesbian history LGBT history in Germany Women in Nazi Germany

69574157

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%20L%20Kampani

M L Kampani

Manohar Lal Kampani was the first lieutenant governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. He served from 12 November 1982 to 3 December 1985. Early life He was born in town named Gujarat of pre-partition Punjab to Nathuram Kampani and Vidyawanti Kampani. Career He started his career as Commissioned Army officer where he was mentioned in despatches and also attended the Defence Services Staff College, Wellington. Later he joined the Administrative services. As an officer of Administrative service he served as Deputy Commissioner in Kohima and Imphal, Development Commissioner of Sikkim, Chief Commissioner of Manipur and Chief Secretary of Arunachal Pradesh in a distinguished career. In the Central assignments , he served as Joint Secretary and then as Additional Secretary in Home Ministry of India. He was the home Ministry expert in affairs of the North-East India. He played significant role in various Accords and talks in North-East including Nagaland, Mizoram and Assam during his tenure. Shillong Accord 1975 As Joint Secretary in Home Ministry he was instrumental in drafting the Shillong Accord of 1975 with Nagaland Peace Council and Nagaland underground. The Indian government was represented by Lallan Prasad Singh, Governor of Nagaland. The governor was assisted by M L Kampani , who as Joint Secretary in the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), was the Home ministry's point man for North -East and by two advisors for Nagaland— M. Ramunny and H. Zopianga. This historic agreement was signed at Shillong, Meghalaya, on 11 November 1975. Mizo Accord 1976 He played a key role in signing of Mizo Accord in February 1976. The Mizo leader Mr Laldenga and his team of Mizo National Front (MNF)held discussions with Home Secretary Mr Sundar Lal Khurana, Lt Governor of Mizoram Mr S K Chibber and Mr M L Kampani, Joint Secretary in Ministry of Home representing Government of India in February 1976. The main terms of the Accord were signed on 18 Feb 1976. Lieutenant governor In 1982 he became the first Lieutenant Governor succeeding S. L. Sharma who was last Chief Commissioner of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. He was instrumental in many early developmental projects in Andaman and Nicobar Islands including Andaman Trunk Road. Other He was part of the Home Ministry team which was with the then Prime Minister Morarji Desai when the aircraft was involved in a mishap at Jorhat on 4 November 1977. Later life He was active with Charitable trusts and corporate entities in later life. A keen sportsman he played tennis well into his 80s. He shared his experience with many writers and journalists on his time in North-East India. He died on 22 April 2021, in New Delhi, at age of 96. See also Shillong Accord of 1975 List of lieutenant governors of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands References https://www.rakshaknews.in/en/special-en/eye-opening-experience-for-police-chief-at-bompuka-island-of-nicobar/ https://www.andamanchronicle.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4721:first-lt-governor-of-ani-ml-kampani-visits-islands&catid=37&Itemid=142 https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft8r29p2r8;chunk.id=d0e36;doc.view=print https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/IN_751111_Shillong%20Agreement_0.pdf http://cdpsindia.org/shillong-accord/ https://imphalwest.nic.in/history-of-deputy-commissioner/ https://www.andamansheekha.com/93334/ http://www.andamansheekha.com/24153/ https://kohima.nagaland.gov.in/DC%20KOHIMA.htm https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=L/B7tyYtYP3nOgi9xpNBhA==&ParentID=QnkbcH1Im60j1dfj/8aU/A== https://rcportblair.rotaryindia.org/AboutUs.aspx https://easternmirrornagaland.com/solution-without-integration/ https://www.arunachalpradesh.gov.in/chief-secretary https://nagalandpage.com/who-convened-naga-people-convention/ Encyclopaedia of North-East India: Mizoram by Hamlet Bareh Mizoram The Dagger Brigade by Nirmal Nibedon Sikkim Herald – Volume 13 Lok Sabha Debates – Page 175 India. Parliament. Lok Sabha · 1979 Challenge to India's Unity: Assam Students' Agitation and ... – Page 139books.google.co.uk › books D.P Kumar 1925 births 2021 deaths Indian Administrative Service officers Lieutenant governors of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands People from New Delhi Indian civil servants Punjabi people Indian Army officers

69574832

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1963%20Indiana%20State%20Fairgrounds%20Coliseum%20gas%20explosion

1963 Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum gas explosion

A gas explosion at the Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum in Indianapolis on October 31, 1963, killed up to 81 people and injured about 400 others. It was one of the worst disasters in the history of both the city and the U.S. state of Indiana. On that night, over 4,000 people were in the arena to watch a Holiday on Ice performance. While this was happening, liquefied petroleum gas was leaking from a tank that was stored with several others in a supply room underneath a part of the grandstands. Shortly after 11 p.m. ET, the gas came into contact with an electrical heating element from the concessions area, causing a major explosion that killed many seated above the room and caused significant damage to the stands. After the initial blast, while people were evacuating, a second blast caused by the remaining, unexploded tanks caused further destruction. Firefighters and other emergency responders were at the site within minutes and survivors were transported via ambulance to various hospitals in the area. The gas tanks were discovered by firefighters during cleanup operations and later testing revealed that they were the cause of the explosion. Following the disaster, a grand jury indicted seven people in total, including employees of the gas provider and the company that operated the arena, as well as the state fire marshal and the city fire chief. However, at a later date all of the individuals either had their charges dropped or their convictions overturned. Victims of the explosion were eventually awarded $4.6 million in settlements. Several city and state agencies investigated the explosion, and it was one of the first events studied by the Disaster Research Center, a research group organized earlier that year to study large-scale disasters. The arena reopened about six weeks after the incident and still stands on the Indiana State Fairgrounds. Background The Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum is a multi-use arena with a seating capacity of about 7,800 located on the Indiana State Fairgrounds in Indianapolis. On the night of October 31, 1963, 4,327 spectators were present at the arena to see the opening-night performance of Holiday on Ice. This was the first performance of the ice show's scheduled 11-day run in Indianapolis, and the coliseum promoted it as part of its "Shriners Night". It had been raining throughout the night and, because it was Halloween, the Indianapolis Police Department (IPD) had activated more police officers than usual. The show had been scheduled to begin at 8:30 p.m. EST, but it had started about fifteen minutes behind schedule, and around 11 p.m., the finale was about to begin. Explosion The explosion occurred at 11:06 p.m., during the show's finale. The explosion was centered on the southeastern end of the arena, just underneath the box seats of Aisle 13. The initial blast lifted approximately of floor and launched debris and spectators towards the ice rink. Shortly thereafter, a load-bearing wall underneath the stands gave way and caused an additional cave-in of about of floor. A few minutes after the initial blast, a smaller explosion occurred that produced a fireball that rose high. Both before and after this second blast, evacuations of the arena were underway, with the spectators mostly leaving in an orderly fashion. During the evacuation, the Holiday on Ice orchestra continued to play and reports of the evacuation make note that there was no significant mass panic, with many of the evacuees experiencing shock. The location of the explosions had left a crater measuring approximately across that contained a great deal of rubble and a small fire. Emergency response Within a minute of the first explosion, an off-duty firefighter who was in the audience telephoned the headquarters of the Indianapolis Fire Department (IFD) and informed them of the situation, immediately identifying the incident as a gas explosion. This call also alerted the Indianapolis Police Department (IPD), as the dispatchers for the IFD and the IPD regularly monitored each other's calls. Very shortly after this call, another off-duty firefighter at the coliseum called the IFD and requested that ambulances be sent to the scene. As a result, in the first notification that any hospital received of the disaster, the dispatcher called a local hospital and requested all three of their ambulances to the arena. At 11:11 p.m., the IFD contacted the IPD directly to ensure that they were aware of the situation. A police car first arrived on the scene at 11:15 p.m., and additional cars were dispatched to the scene shortly thereafter. This initial police car radioed that an estimated 10 to 15 people had died. Around this same time, additional crisis organizations in the area, such as The Salvation Army and the American Red Cross, were alerted to the situation and began to mobilize, sending some of their personnel to the coliseum to assist. Within nine minutes of the explosion, a photographer for local television station WFBM-TV was at the scene, and news of the event would be broadcast on the late-night news. The Indianapolis Star would have over 40 employees work to have the story quickly added to the next morning's paper before the press deadline of 1:30 a.m. At 11:23 p.m., a police car at the scene radioed a request for cranes and tow trucks to be sent to the arena. While the dispatcher notified them that all available tow trucks would be sent to the site, no further mention was made of sending cranes, and as much of the rubble in the arena needed to be lifted and not dragged, the trucks saw only minimal use. Around this same time, the first fire engine, which had been stationed near the entrance to the fairgrounds, arrived and began to put out the fire, with a firefighter on board giving an estimate that between 50 and 100 people had been injured. IFD dispatchers radioed the Indianapolis Fire Chief Arnold W. Phillips and called for an additional engine and rescue squad to go to the coliseum. The fire chief ordered that heavy equipment be brought in to help free some of the injured spectators from the rubble, as the firefighters' electric hacksaws had proved ineffective. Because the fairgrounds were state property, local police notified the Indiana State Police, who had been mobilized by Indiana Governor Matthew E. Welsh. The state police immediately sent three officers to the site. While initial estimates from the state police put the death toll at 12 to 15, that number continued to rise and more state police troopers were called in through the night. The District Chief from the Office of Civil Defense's 5th District also arrived on the scene shortly after being notified by the IFD and requested both additional manpower and that all hospitals in the area be contacted and informed of the situation. In total, about 250 volunteers participated in the direct emergency response. Meanwhile, the Civil Defense officials began sending their own emergency equipment, primarily focusing on tools that could remove the debris. Around 11:35 p.m., they contacted the police department of nearby Speedway, Indiana, and requested that they borrow a mobile crane from the a local heavy equipment company. Speedway police responded shortly afterwards that the mobile crane was on its way via a police escort and that it arrived at around 12:50 a.m. As the response efforts increased, traffic quickly became a problem as more vehicles arrived to bring emergency equipment, with ambulances being hindered in their ability to remove injured people from the site. As a result, Civil Defense officials began directing ambulances to enter the fairgrounds on the north side and exit to the west. As more injured people were removed from the coliseum, the west field of the fairgrounds became a makeshift triage center. Civil Defense officials began directing some ambulances to take their injured to a nearby military base to avoid possibly overcrowding local hospitals. U.S. Army ambulances from this facility were also deployed. By 11:30 p.m., only 10 injured people remained in the arena. The Marion County Coroner arrived at the scene at 11:45 p.m. and was one of the first physicians present. Due to the large number of victims, the coroner established a temporary morgue on a sectioned-off part of the ice. About five minutes after the coroner arrived, the Indianapolis chief of police arrived and set about establishing a command post in a building near the fairgrounds. This post was in place by midnight and was led by five individuals: the Marion County sheriff, the police chief, the county coroner, the director of civil defense, and a representative from the state police. By midnight, almost all of the injured people who were not trapped under rubble had been taken outside of the coliseum. Shortly after midnight, the superintendent of the Indiana State Police, as well as the Salvation Army's canteen truck and nurses from the American Red Cross Motor Corps, arrived at the fairgrounds. As cleanup efforts continued into the early morning of November 1, five liquefied petroleum gas (LP gas) tanks were discovered in the wreckage and were moved to the Fire Headquarters for inspection. By 1 a.m., all wounded individuals had been removed from the site and were being treated in hospitals around the area. At 1:47 a.m., the police chief, attempting to reduce traffic congestion around the arena, barred any additional vehicles from entering the fairgrounds. About 15 minutes later, at 2:00 a.m., the police chief called a meeting of the command post to outline the process for body identification. At the time, only 21 bodies had been identified from the wreckage, and the police had a team of four ministers and priests to contact the deceased's next of kin. Around the same time, it was decided that the command of the situation would be slowly handed over from the chief of police to the Indiana State Police, as the fairgrounds were state property. At about 3:00 a.m., some relatives of those thought to be dead from the explosion began to arrive to identify their bodies, and half an hour later, a press conference was held wherein the command post gave updates about the state of the response and answered some questions regarding the cause of the incident. At 6:30 a.m., the IPD handed over control of the site to the State Police and, save for those who were assisting the coroner, most IPD officers left the site. At this point, most of the emergency tasks at the site had been completed. By 3 p.m., all but two of the deceased had been identified, and shortly thereafter, the coroner ordered that the remaining two be moved to a nearby hospital and that the coliseum be closed. By 4:00 p.m., the coliseum was almost entirely vacated, except for State Police officers who were stationed at the entrances. Aftermath Severity of the disaster The explosion was one of the worst disasters in both Indianapolis and Indiana history. Approximately 54 people died in the initial explosion, and others later succumbed to their injuries, raising the number of fatalities to approximately 81. Among the dead was a former mayor of nearby Lafayette, Indiana. The 1963 coliseum explosion became the deadliest in Indianapolis's history, passing an 1869 boiler explosion that had killed 30 people. Coincidentally, this previous explosion had also occurred at the Indiana State Fairgrounds. According to a 1968 case study, the explosion was also "the highest single death toll ever to occur in an Indiana disaster". In addition to the fatalities, approximately 400 people were injured. A later statement from the Marion County Sheriff's Department projected that had the performance begun on time, there would not have been as many casualties. It took until October 30, 1964, for the last person who had been injured in the explosion to be released from the hospital. A memorial service was held the following day for the victims of the explosion on the event's one-year anniversary. Cause of the explosion The investigation into the cause of the explosion began shortly after the injured people were removed from the coliseum and was headed by Indiana Fire Marshal Ira J. Anderson, the Indianapolis Fire Prevention Chief, and the State Police. The cause of the explosion was identified as the five LP gas tanks, weighing each, that had been recovered and moved to the Fire Headquarters. This was confirmed in a technical report issued by engineers from Purdue University on December 4, 1963, that said that LP gas that had leaked from the tanks was the most probable cause of the explosion. These tanks had been stored in an unventilated concessions area storeroom, which was located directly beneath the southeastern section of bleachers. The culprit tank had rusted, and it had a faulty valve from which LP gas had leaked. At some point while it was leaking, this tank had fallen over. The gas collected inside the unventilated storeroom, and it eventually roused the suspicion of a manager who opened the door to the room to discover a thick mist of gas in the air. The manager notified several employees in the area and began evacuating them, though one employee entered the room to attempt to stop the leak. Ultimately, this gas came into contact with a heating element on an electric popcorn warming machine and ignited, causing the initial blast. The second explosion that happened a few minutes later was caused by the remaining propane tanks that had not erupted in the first blast. Investigation and legal issues Following the explosion, a grand jury was convened by Marion County Prosecutor Noble R. Pearcy, and they took five weeks to announce their findings. In total, eight state and local agencies were involved in the investigation, during which time the jurors heard testimony from 32 people involved in the incident. Overall, jurors noted a constant blame shifting from those interviewed, with many trying to clear themselves or their organizations of responsibility for the incident. Over the course of the inquiry, the sports promoter who operated the coliseum stated that, while he did not have permits to legally store the LP gas tanks inside the building, they had been in use for about ten years, during which time he was never made aware of the need for a permit. Additionally, while it was customary to have firefighters inspect venues before large public gatherings (as they had done prior to the 1961 Holiday on Ice show at the coliseum), the promoter had not reached out to the fire department prior to the 1963 show. It was revealed that, despite hosting several large gatherings throughout the year, the coliseum was only inspected by firefighters once per year, during the annual state fair. News reports showed that the fire department was aware of the LP gas tanks being used at the coliseum during this time, as they had been called to the venue several times in 1959 to investigate reports of a gas leak but had taken no precautions to stop the venue operator's practices. The state fire marshal and city fire chief argued that they had been hindered in their inspection and fire safety abilities due to a shortage of manpower, issues with legislation concerning fire safety and prevention, and a reduction in their budgets. On December 9, 1963, the grand jury released its findings. They determined that the tanks, which lacked recommended safety caps, should not have been used indoors and should not have been stored in the arena. They also concluded that the explosion might have been prevented if an investigation by authorities had been conducted prior to the show. In total, the grand jury indicted seven people. Involuntary manslaughter charges were pressed against three individuals from the company that had supplied the LP gas tanks, the Discount Gas Corporation, and two employees of the arena's operators, the Indiana Coliseum Corporation (the general manager and the concessions manager), while misdemeanor charges were pressed against Fire Marshal Anderson and Fire Chief Phillips, the latter of whom was indicted for failure to inspect the coliseum. The grand jury placed much of the fault for the explosion on the LP gas supplier, stating that, instead of warning their customers of the dangers of an improperly installed LP gas tank, the company was "impelled by the profit from the sale ... without any regard for the safety of persons". The grand jury also criticized the Indiana Coliseum Corporation for its "steady build-up of indifference and carelessness in the unlawful handling and use" of the gas. Despite the indictments, no one served any jail time for the disaster. Phillips's charges were overturned when it was determined that he could not be held liable for state-owned property. Additionally, despite evidence that showed that the coliseum operators had been warned about gas problems in the past, the others that had been indicted had their charges dropped because they were found not to have had a direct role in the explosion. In the end, only one person, Discount Gas Corporation's President Edward J. Franger, was found guilty by a jury, in this case of the lesser charge of assault and battery. However, this conviction was later overturned by the Indiana Supreme Court. Survivors of the explosion and the families of those killed were awarded approximately $4.6 million in settlements. Of this, approximately $1.1 million had been paid out by the LP gas provider's insurance firm to 379 of the victims, while the company paid an additional $3.5 million in an out of court settlement. In total, more than 413 lawsuits had been filed against insurance companies and the state of Indiana for damages from the explosion, with the cumulative amounts totaling $70 million. The explosion was analyzed in-depth by the Disaster Research Center (DRC), a group formed in 1963 at the Ohio State University to investigate and study large-scale disasters. In total, the DRC conducted three visits to the location, including one the day after the explosion had occurred. The explosion was one of the first studied by the group, and in 1968, the group published its first ever case study on the disaster. The coliseum Following the explosion, the coliseum remained closed for 41 days while inspections were made that showed that the building was structurally sound. While there had been some concerns regarding the reopening of the coliseum, and while permanent repairs would not be completed until several months later, the Indiana State Fair Board wanted to have the venue hosting public events as soon as possible, so in early December they gave the contracted operator of the venue a vote of confidence to operate until May 1, 1964. On December 12, about six weeks after the accident, the coliseum hosted its first post-accident event, a two-day Polled Hereford cattle show. In September 1964, the coliseum served as a venue for The Beatles during their 1964 North American tour. This show was the first time since the accident that the coliseum was at full crowd capacity. On November 9, 1964, Holiday on Ice returned to the coliseum and performed before a crowd of about 5,000, exceeding the crowd that had been there the previous year. Following the explosion, the Indianapolis Capitals of the Central Professional Hockey League, which played their home games in the coliseum, terminated their lease and relocated to Cincinnati, where they became the Cincinnati Wings. The team had begun playing earlier in October and had only played eight games in the coliseum before the incident. In 1991, the naming rights for the arena were sold and it was renamed the Pepsi Coliseum. This sponsorship ended in 2012, and the arena is now known as the Indiana Farmers Coliseum. On November 14, 2002, a memorial plaque was installed at the coliseum that bears the names of those who died in the disaster. The dedication ceremony was attended by about 100 people. Another memorial was held at the coliseum in 2013 on the fiftieth anniversary of the disaster. In 2014, the arena underwent a $63 million renovation. However, the arena looks much like it did prior to the accident. See also Gas explosion#List of gas explosions Indiana State Fair stage collapse List of disasters in the United States by death toll List of explosions Notes References Sources Further reading 1963 disasters in the United States 1963 in Indiana 20th century in Indianapolis Disasters in Indiana Disasters in sports venues Explosions in 1963 Gas explosions in the United States Indiana State Fair October 1963 events in the United States

69575135

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashoka%20%282006%20film%29

Ashoka (2006 film)

Ashoka is a 2006 Indian Kannada-language action film directed by Shivamani. The film stars Shiva Rajkumar, Sunitha Varma, and Tejashree. It was released on 17 March 2006. Plot Cast Shiva Rajkumar as Ashoka Sunitha Varma Tejashree Srinivasa Murthy as the father Vinaya Prasad as a cop Shivamani as an undercover police investigator Sathya Prakash Sathyajit Ashok Govinda Rao Kishore Production Ashoka is director Shivamani's first film with producer Ramesh Yadav, who also wrote the story. The film is the 14th one produced by Yadav. Soundtrack Music by Sadhu Kokila. Lyrics written by K. Kalyan. Release and reception Ashoka was released on 17 March 2006 after being delayed. K.N. Venkatasubba Rao of The Hindu opined that "Borrowing its plot straight from published sensational news stories, in a cut and paste format, Ashoka attempts to trace the nexus between the police and underworld in a despicable but undeniable fashion". R G Vijayasarathy of Rediff.com said that "Overall, Ashoka is good if you want to see another side of Shivaraj Kumar". The film was commercially unsuccessful. References External links Indian action films 2006 action films

69576900

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%20Chalet

China Chalet

China Chalet was a Chinese restaurant located in the Financial District of New York City. Opened in 1975, the restaurant operated as a luxury dim sum banquet hall catering to a business clientele. Beginning in the 2000s, China Chalet contemporaneously operated as a rental space for nightlife events, alternately serving as an event space, nightclub, and concert venue. China Chalet permanently closed in 2020. History China Chalet opened in 1975 in the Financial District of Manhattan in New York City, located on Broadway near Exchange Place. The restaurant served American Chinese cuisine in a luxury dim sum banquet hall-style setting, with a seating capacity of over 800 across three divided sections, and full bar service at two bars. Its design was typical of Chinese banquet halls in commercial Manhattan that catered to businesspersons: "sumptuously carpeted, with swagged curtains at the windows, and waiters formally clad in vests and ties." The restaurant maintained this style of service and design until its 2020 closure, and was one of the longest-operating Chinese banquet halls in the Wall Street area. Beginning in the mid-2000s, China Chalet began to rent out its space for use as a concert venue and club for nighttime popup events, while continuing to operate as a restaurant during daytime hours. New York reported that the first such party, an after-party for an exhibition of works by photographer Glynnis McDaris, was held in 2005; McDaris and her partner Gemma Ingalls subsequently began to host regular parties at the restaurant. These and similar events attracted an "artsy crowd" to China Chalet that starkly contrasted the restaurant's traditional daytime clientele; by 2011, The New York Times reported that China Chalet had "been a favorite hideaway of the fashion and art crowd for about five years." The low cost to rent the space led China Chalet to develop a reputation for hosting parties catering to a "broad spectrum of sexual identities, ethnicities and economic means". China Chalet permanently closed in 2020. Though no reason for the closure was given, the economic downturn prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic was speculated as a probable cause by multiple outlets. Two additional China Chalet locations operated, on the Upper East Side and in Eltingville, Staten Island, respectively. The Eltingville location opened in 2006 and closed in 2020, while the Upper East Side location closed by 2021. Reception and legacy The New York Times described parties at China Chalet "as if New York's art world had been transported to a Holiday Inn in the Midwest", while Women's Wear Daily called it the "Studio 54 of the Instagram era". Writing for Eater, restaurant critic Robert Sietsema described China Chalet as "a specter of timeworn elegance" evoking the "waning era of the three-martini lunch." Vice noted that China Chalet's popularity as a party venue came at "an inflection point" for New York City nightlife, as "stalwarts like Beatrice Inn and Bungalow 8 began to fade in 2009 amid the backdrop of the financial crisis" and "the city’s cool kids decamped to various new stomping grounds." Multiple figures in New York politics and finance dined at China Chalet, including former mayor Rudy Giuliani and former NYPD police commissioner William Bratton. Parties at China Chalet were held or attended by Cardi B, Timothée Chalamet, Carol Lim, Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen, Ari Marcopoulos, Aurel Schmidt, and Rita Ackermann. Fashion brands such as Calvin Klein and Prada held shows at China Chalet during New York Fashion Week, while Vogue regularly rented the space for photo shoots. Notable artists to have performed at China Chalet include King Krule, Danny Brown, Megan Thee Stallion, and DJ Cassidy. References External links Official website (defunct, link via the Internet Archive) 1975 establishments in New York City 2020 disestablishments in New York (state) Chinese restaurants in the United States Chinese-American culture in New York City Cultural history of New York City Financial District, Manhattan Former music venues in New York City Nightclubs in Manhattan Restaurants disestablished in 2020 Restaurants established in 1975 Restaurants in Manhattan

69578910

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanny%20Schoonheyt

Fanny Schoonheyt

Fernanda Wilhelmina Maria Albertina "Fanny" Schoonheyt (15 June 1912 – 23 December 1961), was a Dutch journalist, photographer and Communist foreign volunteer who fought in the Spanish Civil War. Biography Early life Schoonheyt was born on 15 June 1912 in Rotterdam, Netherlands. Her parents were Jules Alphonse Schoonheijt and Johanna Maria Luise Gehring. She came from a wealthy family, but later became estranged from them due to her Socialist and Communist beliefs. Time in Spain In the early 1930s Schoonheyt, who wanted to become a foreign correspondent, left the Netherlands to live in Barcelona, Spain, and lived with Surinamese-Dutch writer Albert Helman. She had left the Netherlands because she felt that newspapers there only wanted her to write about music and culture rather than about politics. She helped with the preparations for the Olimpiada Popular in Barcelona, an alternative for the Olympic Games which was in Nazi-Germany in 1936; however, the Barcelona Olympiad never took place due to the outbreak of the war. She joined a militia in 1936 and was sent to fight on the Aragon front and at Tardienta, and learned to fire machine guns from German communists. In September 1936 she was injured, or possibly shell shocked, and was hospitalized. In the summer of 1938 she went to Paris to train to become a pilot but was not able to return to Spain before the Fascist victory. Subsequently Schoonheyt was stripped of her nationality by the Francoist regime and subsequently emigrated to the Dominican Republic in February 1940. Dominican Republic & Later Life After getting in trouble with Dominican police in 1947 she got permission from the Dutch Consulate for a temporary stay on the then Dutch colony of Curaçao where she worked as a photographer under the name Fanny Lopez. Around 1955 she returned to the Netherlands with her daughter, who had been conceived in 1938, and lived with her mother in Rotterdam. She died of a heart attack in Rotterdam on 23 December 1961. References 1912 births 1961 deaths Women in the Spanish Civil War 20th-century Dutch women writers Dutch communists Dutch women journalists Foreign volunteers in the Spanish Civil War People from Rotterdam

69579945

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazgul%20Kenzhetay

Nazgul Kenzhetay

Nazgul Kenzhetay, (Cyrillic: Назгуль Кенжетай) is a Kazakh journalist, editor, and Kazakhstan's first war correspondent, active in Turkey. She worked as a journalist on the Turkish-Syrian border in cooperation with the United Nations and UNICEF. She became one of the new names of Kazakhstan in the program called 100 New Names of Kazakhstan held on October 16, 2018. She is actively producing Turkish content at GZT. On December 16, 2021, she was illegally arrested by the Russian police while shooting a documentary in Turkish about the Turkic peoples in Russia. It was widely covered in the Turkish press. Their volunteer lawyer said that the European Convention on Human Rights and the Russian Constitution were violated. The videos they took were unlawfully deleted and they were not given a lawyer. The Abakan City Court ordered their deportation 10 days later. The Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs stepped in and demanded the release of Nazgul and cameraman Emin. Nazgul and Emin were released by the court on 24 December 2021. References 1995 births Living people

69580175

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RADICAAL

RADICAAL

RADICAAL () is the political youth organisation affiliated with Dutch political party BIJ1. The party was founded in January 2018 before its mother party had any parliamentary representation. RADICAAL promotes "intersectionality, radical equality and decolonization." The youth wing came into national news media in 2020 after a group of police officers pressed charges following a satirical post by the organization criticizing the police. References 2018 establishments in the Netherlands Anti-racism in the Netherlands BIJ1 Multiculturalism in Europe Youth wings of political parties in the Netherlands

69580241

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serhiy%20Kemsky

Serhiy Kemsky

Serhiy Oleksandrovich Kemsky (November 15, 1981, Kerch - February 20, 2014, Kyiv) was a Ukrainian anarchist and an activist during the Euromaidan. Biography Kemsky was born on November 15, 1981, in the city of Kerch. His mother was Tamara Kemskaya. After graduating from high school in Kerch, he entered the University of Lviv, majoring in political science. After university he worked at the Kyiv Institute of Political and Economic Risks and Prospects. He founded and was the administrator of the site "Cooperative Movement", collaborated with the newspapers The Day and Gazeta.ua, and was published in the newspaper FrAza. He became one of the translators of the song Imagine by John Lennon into the Ukrainian language. Euromaidan He spent the last years of his life in Korosten, Zhytomyr region. He was a supporter of anarchism, non-violent resistance, and was an activist of the Ukrainian Anarchist Union. At the end of 2013, he was one of the organizers of the Euromaidan rallies in Korosten. He visited the Euromaidan in Kyiv several times, where he took part in the creation of the anarchist "Black Hundred". On December 1, 2013, he took part in a mass rally in Kyiv, where, in a column of leftists, trade unionists and human rights activists, he protested against police violence. On December 19, 2013, the newspaper Ukrainian Truth published his article "Do you hear, Maidan?" (), where he called for the development of direct democracy and local self-government. In this article, he also proposed the principles of uniting Euromaidan and shared his thoughts on ways of public pressure on the authorities. During the events of February 20, 2014 in Kyiv, he was killed by a sniper shot on Institutskaya Street, not far from the October Palace, during a clash between supporters of Euromaidan and law enforcement agencies. His body was found in the courtyard near the St. Michael's Golden-Domed Monastery. On February 22, a farewell ceremony took place on the central square of Korosten. Serhiy Kemsky was buried in the village of Velikiy Yablonets, Zhytomyr region, in the homeland of his parents. That same day, in Kerch, during a Euromaidan rally, the organizers honored the memory of Kemsky with a minute of silence. The Prime Minister of Crimea Anatolii Mohyliov sent a telegram of condolences to the relatives of the deceased. In July 2014, the mayor of Korosten, Vladimir Moskalenko, supported the idea to rename one of the city streets in honor of Serhiy Kemsky. In November 2014, a memorial plaque was erected on the house where his parents live in Korosten. Awards On November 21, 2014, the title of Hero of Ukraine was awarded to Kemsky posthumously for "civil courage, patriotism, heroic defense of the constitutional principles of democracy, human rights and freedoms, selfless service to the Ukrainian people, shown during the Revolution of Dignity". References 1981 births 2014 deaths People of the Euromaidan Recipients of the Order of Gold Star (Ukraine) Ukrainian anarchists University of Lviv alumni

69580664

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/400%20Days%20%28novel%29

400 Days (novel)

400 Days is the tenth novel and the thirteenth book overall written by the Indian author Chetan Bhagat. It is the third installment of the author's popular Keshav-Saurabh mystery series after The Girl in Room 105(2018) and One Arranged Murder(2020). Plot After the incidents of One Arranged Murder, Keshav and Saurabh are living with Keshav's parents in their new apartment in a gated community called Icon. Keshav has quit his job at Cybersafe and prepares for IPS while Saurabh continues to work and is determined to get fit as he is upset with is physical appearance. One day Keshav is approached by a woman Alia, with her child Suhana, a neighbor in the adjacent building and asks for his help to find her missing daughter Siya, who had disappeared 9 months ago. Though reluctant at first, Keshav is encouraged by his parents to take up the case as Alia had promised huge payments irrespective of the result. Keshav agrees and begins his investigations. The Story then moves to Alia's point of view where she narrates the incidents of the past 9 months and her marriage. Alia is married to Manish, a rich businessman, whose family is into Jewelry business and is one of the richest in the area. Manish's mother is not much fond of Alia, as she married Manish without her approval. The entire family always listens to their Priest Shastri ji, who has been associated with them for decades and is like a Godman to them. With his support, Manish convinces his mother to get married to Alia. However, Manish's mother constantly harasses and bully Alia, Because of which Alia had moved out of the joint family and lives in Icon. On the day of the incident, Alia, Manish, the Kids and Manish's brother Timmy's family all gather at their parents host for a get together. The Kids go to sleep and Siya goes missing in the morning. Suhana says that she saw a 'Bad Man' threated to kill her sister and abduct Siya in the night and recalls a few identities of him. Despite police efforts and media coverage, Siya is not found. After 2 months, Alia receives a package of Siya's bloodstained clothes, making everyone believe that Siya is dead. The police closes the case as a cold case and the family is ok with it as their reputation and business is no longer affected by this incident. However, Alia does not give up and believes that she can somehow find Siya and asks Keshav for help. Keshav and Saurabh access Siya's phone data and unravel many shocking stories. Meanwhile, Alia goes to her hometown Kochi to get some rest and Keshav travels with her to get some details from Suhana, as she is the only witness of the incident. As Keshav gains the trust of Suhana, Alia develops feelings for him as she is neglected by Manish and feels that she is happy with Keshav. Keshav too reciprocates her feelings and they end up making love multiple times, growing closer. Alia is on the verge of divorcing Manish and she plans to marry Keshav once the legal issues are over. Keshav manages to get more identities of the Abductor from Suhana, who says he wore many friendship bands and had a tattoo in the forearm, and also he smelled like kitchen, while his hair glowed in the dark. Keshav and Saurabh find that Siya was chatting with someone named 'Roy' in Telegram and used to send him obscene pics. They create Fake IDs in Instagram and track Roy. But he escapes in the last moment. Almost one year has passed since Siya disappeared and the family arranges a Puja to mark her Birthday celebrations. During the Puja, Keshav finds out that the priest Shastri ji had worn many threads in his hands and he had a tattoo in the forearm. He also applied mustard oil in his head, which is a common cooking ingredient, thus matching the details given by Suhana. Keshav plants GPS in Shastri Ji's car and tracks his movements. He observes that the car makes regular trips in the night to an abandoned sugar factory in the suburbs of the city, covered by Sugarcane fields. Keshav enlists the help of Inspector Viren and Saurabh to follow Shastri. Shastri finds this out and tries to kill Keshav but is saved by Viren. It is then revealed that Shastri had abducted and hidden Siya all these days, as he believed that it was the call of Gods. Planned this for a long time since he first met Alia and his plan was to marry Alia but when he realized it is not possible, he moved his plans towards her daughter and forcefully marries and rapes her. A weak Siya is rescued by Keshav and his team. Alia is shocked to find her daughter back and Keshav is gifted a huge amount by the family as a gift. One day Keshav receives a call from Siya and thanks him for rescuing her. She says that the only thing she needs now is her family and realizing that it would be selfish of him to marry Alia, he decides to move on, letting Alia and Manish stay together, for Siya and Suhana. Keshav gives up his IPS dreams and plans about developing a software for Child security along with Saurabh. Reception Sankalpita from Book Geeks gave it mediocre ratings stating its plot as not so unique but easy and beginner level English. Sahana Hegde from Scroll.in giving it mixed review said that - " Despite its clichéd ingredients, Chetan Bhagat’s new novel is his most readable yet " References External links Novels by Chetan Bhagat Indian English-language novels Novels set in India Novels set in Delhi Thriller novels Mystery novels

69580680

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20of%20Iljo%20Filipovski

House of Iljo Filipovski

The House of Iljo Filipovski is a historical house in Galičnik that is listed as Cultural heritage of North Macedonia. It is in ownership of one branch of the family of Filipovski. History of the family The family of Filipovci shares ancestral roots with the families of Golčevci, Sarievski, Drenkovci, Eftovci, Boškovci, Sekulovci and Bimbaškovci. Notable members of the family Slavko ― progenitor of the family. Filip 'Glava' ― one of the richest sheep and cattle owners in the late 19th century. Jovan Filiposki ― son of Gjorgji. Kire Filipovski ― grandson of Filip 'Glava'. Rade Filiposki ― member of the League of Communist Youth of Yugoslavia. He was secretary of the third local LCYY group. Dokse Filiposki ― partisan during the People Lberation war of Macedonia. He was kidnaped by a corrupted Albanian police officer in 1943 during the Italian protectorate of Albania. Niko Filiposki ― local activist in the mid 20th century. Pavle Filiposki ― local sports activist in the mid 20th century. Kosto Filiposki ― local activist in the mid 20th century. Dragan Filiposki ― local activist in the mid 20th century. The brothers Ilija, Blagoja, Filip and Vase Filipovski who gave endowment for renovation of the local and old Saint Paraskeva of the Balkans Church, as a commemoration of their parents Kire and Evgena. Milica Filiposka ― member of the Board for organizing the Galičnik Wedding Festival. History of the house The house was built around 1910 by the Filipovski family, i.e. it was built at the time when two of the four brothers, Arse and Ilija, decided to build houses on that place. References External links National Register of objects that are cultural heritage (List updated to December 31, 2012) (In Macedonian) Office for Protection of Cultural Heritage (In Macedonian) Galičnik Cultural heritage of North Macedonia Historic houses

69580685

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret%20Anderson%20Watts

Margaret Anderson Watts

Margaret Anderson Watts (September 3, 1832 – April 30, 1905) was an American social reformer in the temperance movement, writer, and clubwoman. She was a deep thinker on the most advanced social and religious topics of her day, and occasionally published her views on woman in her political and civil relations. She was the first Kentucky woman who wrote and advocated the equal rights of woman before the law, and who argued for the higher education of woman. She served as president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) of Kentucky, and as the National WCTU's Superintendent of police matrons. Early life and education Margaret Mills Anderson was born in a country place near Danville, Kentucky, September 3, 1832. She was the daughter and sixth child of Hon. Simeon H. Anderson, a lawyer and orator, who died while he was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives in Washington, D.C. Her brother, William Clayton Anderson, also served as a U.S. Representative from Kentucky. Albert G. Talbott was her uncle. On the maternal side, she is a granddaughter of Judge William Owsley, who was the fourteenth Governor of Kentucky. William was a first cousin to U.S. Representative Bryan Owsley. Her ancestors went back to the Rev. John Owsley (1635-1687), who in 1660 was made rector of the Established Church in Glouston, England, in which place he served sixty years. His son, Thomas Owsley, came to the Colony of Virginia, in America, in 1694, and settled in Fairfax County, Virginia. From his line came Amelia G. Owsley, the mother of Mrs. Watts. Both the Owsleys and Andersons were talented, educated people. Ample means gave her fine educational advantages, her studies including classical learning and all the events of the era. Career During the revision of the constitution of Kentucky towards the end of the 19th-century, she was chosen one of six women to visit the capital and secure a hearing before the committees on education and municipalities, and on the Woman's Property Rights Bill, which was under discussion. She was a successful adult Bible-class teacher. She said that she regarded the Bible as "the Magna Carta of a true Republic". She felt a strong interest in the Chautauqua movement instituted by Rev. John H. Vincent. In the second year of that movement, she became a student of the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle. She understood the Chautauqua idea and formed several successful circles in her own State. When the Women's Crusade movement was initiated, Watts was living in Colorado, where business affairs called her husband for several years, but her sympathies were with the women of Ohio and with those who formed the WCTU, which she joined as soon as she returned to Louisville, Kentucky. She worked actively in various departments of that organization, but her special work was given to scientific temperance instruction in the public schools. Her work attracted a lot of attention and resulted in extensive positive good. She served as the WCTU's national superintendent of police matrons. She represented the National WCTU as one of its delegates to the National Council of Women of the United States meeting in Nashville, Tennessee, October 1897. In the autumn of 1875 she, in connection with other women of the Woman's Christian Association of Louisville, established a Home for Friendless Women. She was the first secretary of the board of managers and its president for eight years. The work was begun with a few thousand dollars and was sustained and carried on by gratuitous contributions from the people of the city. Hundreds of women slept beneath its roof after its doors were opened. A new and spacious building was erected in the early 1890s. In the fall of 1887, Watts gave a course of lectures, treating woman from a standpoint of culture, affection, industry and philanthropy, before the Woman's Ethical Symposium of Louisville. Watts was a member of National Society of the Colonial Dames of America. An elected officer of the John Marshall Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, she served as its historian in 1902. Personal life Watts made her home in Louisville. She married Robert Augustine Watts (1823–1896) in 1851. Three children grew to maturity. The oldest daughter, Julia, was the wife of Commander William W. Mead, of the United States Navy; the second daughter was the wife of a Florida orange-grower; and the son, Robert, was a successful engineer. She was a life-long member of the Presbyterian church. In her later years, she studied metaphysics and scientific subjects, and she was a member of the Massachusetts Metaphysical College of Boston, Massachusetts. Her Christian Science professional card, styled "Margaret Anderson Watts, C.S.B.", was inserted in The Christian Science Journal, 1889. Margaret Anderson Watts died April 30, 1905, at the home of her daughter, Julia Mead, in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Burial was at Bellevue cemetery, Danville, Kentucky. Notes References External links 1832 births 1905 deaths 19th-century American non-fiction writers 19th-century American women writers People from Danville, Kentucky People from Louisville, Kentucky Woman's Christian Temperance Union people Social reformers Writers from Kentucky Daughters of the American Revolution people National Society of the Colonial Dames of America Presbyterians American Christian Scientists Wikipedia articles incorporating text from A Woman of the Century

69580704

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Dawson%20%28businessman%29

George Dawson (businessman)

George John Frederick Dawson (1907–1985) was a British businessman and convicted fraudster who became one of the country's first post-war millionaires by dealing in army surplus vehicles and scrap metal. His wealth and lavish lifestyle resulted in him being dubbed the "Cockney millionaire" by the press. Dawson first went into business as a motor vehicle agent, dealing in second-hand vehicles. In 1938 he was convicted on fraud charges relating to his business and sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment. Dawson made his first major deal in army surplus in 1946, buying 12,000 British army vehicles from the Ministry of Supply for £360,000. A journalist later reported that the amount paid for the vehicles was only 10% of their true value. In addition, the civil servant who had negotiated the sale became a director of another of Dawson's companies while still working at the Ministry. Dawson made his largest surplus deal in 1950: the purchase of U.S. Army material in Germany comprising 18,000 vehicles and trailers and 6,500 tons of scrap metal for $3,200,000 (£1,143,000). In 1953 during a dispute between the British and Icelandic governments over fisheries limits, Dawson reached an agreement with Icelandic trawler owners to land and sell their fish in Britain. Although seven landings were made, Dawson's venture was ultimately unsuccessful and he later said it had cost him £100,000. Dawson was involved in various business deals from 1954 until 1957, at which point he was declared bankrupt. In 1959 he was convicted on fraud charges relating to these deals and received a six-year jail sentence, later reduced to four years on appeal. Dawson was married twice and had six children. His second wife was Olga Mallet, née Mironoff, mother of Tania Mallet and aunt of Helen Mirren. Early career and first prison sentence In the 1930s Dawson worked as a motor vehicle agent, dealing mostly in second-hand vehicles. His company, Dawson (Clapham) Ltd, was incorporated in 1934. On 4 November 1938, at the end of a trial at the Old Bailey lasting 17 days and hearing evidence from more than 160 witnesses, Dawson and three other men were found guilty of conspiracy to defraud Assurance Financial Trust Ltd. The Trust had advanced money on hire purchase agreements submitted by Dawson's company for the sale of motor vehicles. However, many of the agreements were fraudulent as the hirers identified in the agreements never actually received the vehicles. Two of the men were sentenced to three years' penal servitude, Dawson was sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment, and the other man was sentenced to 12 months' imprisonment. On sentencing, the judge told Dawson: "I have some reason to think that you were largely used by older and more experienced men. I think that the happy-go-lucky way in which you lived, led you to close your eyes to what was going on around you." According to Dawson, his sentence was later reduced and he was released after serving months in HM Prison Wormwood Scrubs. Army surplus After World War II, Dawson traded army surplus vehicles and scrap metal. By his own account he made his first deal in 1945, buying German army surplus in the Channel Islands and making a profit of £60,000. Dawson's largest deals were purchases of British army surplus in 1946 and American army surplus in Germany in 1950. He was also involved in other army surplus deals in Norway, the United States, North Africa, Bermuda and France. Britain Dawson traded British army surplus through Ernest Reid & Company with his business partner, Christopher Allingham. In 1946 Ernest Reid & Co bought 12,000 British army vehicles from the Ministry of Supply for £360,000. The deal was investigated in 1952–1953 by crime reporter Duncan Webb who wrote that "according to experts" the amount paid was only 10% of the vehicles' true value. Webb also reported that the civil servant who had negotiated the sale, Norman Henry Teakle, became a director of another of Dawson's companies while still working at the Ministry. Teakle was the subject of an internal investigation and resigned from the Ministry in 1947. Webb also found that when Ernest Reid & Co sold the surplus vehicles on, the sale proceeds recorded in its books were fractions of the true amounts. In one case a customer had bought vehicles for a total of £157,000 but only £15,000 was recorded in Ernest Reid & Co's books, and the remaining £142,000 was paid directly to Dawson. Ernest Reid & Co went into liquidation in 1950 with debts of £19,827, including £11,008 in unpaid taxes and £6,700 still owed to the Ministry. Germany In 1948 the U.S. Army had more than 56,000 surplus vehicles and trailers, many of which were in need of repair, kept in open storage areas in Germany. The Americans made a bulk sale of this material to the German Bizonal Economic Council, and legal ownership was then transferred to the STEG Corporation (State Collection Company for Public Goods). STEG had been created in 1946 by the U.S. Army and the German states within the American Zone of Occupation to collect and utilise army equipment for civilian purposes. Over the next two years, STEG was able to recondition and sell most of the vehicles that were in good condition. In order to dispose of the remaining material, STEG entered into a contract with Dawson on 28 February 1950, agreeing to sell him 18,000 vehicles and trailers and 6,500 tons of spare parts and scrap metal for $3,200,000 (£1,143,000). The purchase price was to be paid in instalments, and Dawson was also required to pay monthly costs for maintaining and guarding the depots. Dawson experienced difficulties executing his contract due to currency regulations and his non-resident status in Germany, so he had it replaced with a contract between STEG and a newly formed German sales company called Trucks & Spares. The new contract took effect on 14 September 1950 and had the same terms as the original, except the payments were to be made in Deutschmarks rather than U.S. dollars. Trucks & Spares had been created at Dawson's suggestion by three former STEG employees and then sold to Continental Motor Trust, a Liechtenstein-based company owned by Dawson. The creation of Trucks & Spares and the new contract overcame the main obstacles encountered by Dawson. In addition, the outbreak of the Korean War in the summer of 1950 meant the demand for army surplus was now greater than it had been when Dawson signed his original contract with STEG. Less than a month after the new contract had taken effect, the West German government instructed STEG to freeze its sales of American surplus following a request from the United States to reacquire equipment needed by its army in Europe. The freeze remained in effect from 10 October 1950 until 1 December 1950, and about 8,000 of the best vehicles were taken. A second freeze was imposed from 17 March 1951 until 19 April 1951 to allow the Americans to reacquire material that could be used in the Korean War. Trucks & Spares made a claim for compensation against STEG for the losses incurred due to the two freezes, and an amount was deducted from the purchase price in autumn 1952. However, during his bankruptcy hearings in 1957, Dawson said that the compensation amount had not covered his maintenance and storage costs or his loss of profit, and he intended to make an additional claim against the Americans. United States Congress investigation In 1950 the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments initiated an investigation into the disposals of U.S. Army surplus overseas, which resulted in Dawson's activities coming under scrutiny. In March 1951 a subcommittee chaired by Herbert C. Bonner heard evidence that American firms had purchased U.S. Army vehicles from Trucks & Spares and reimported them into the United States. Some of these vehicles were then sold to U.S. government agencies. Subcommittee member Thomas B. Curtis said their preliminary information was that Dawson had made a profit of $100 million (£35,700,000) from his deals in Germany. Dawson disputed this figure when interviewed by the British press, and STEG chairman Kurt Magnus later wrote that Dawson had only taken delivery of $1 million worth of vehicles at that point, so could not have made such a profit. On 28 November 1951 Dawson was interviewed in Paris by subcommittee staff members. Dawson provided details of his army surplus deals in Germany and other countries, and denied telling an American journalist that he had bribed officials in STEG and the U.S. Army in order to secure his contract with STEG. He also said he would be willing to travel to the United States at his own expense to testify before the subcommittee. Icelandic fish In 1952 the Icelandic government extended its fisheries limits, leading to a dispute with the United Kingdom that would later develop into the Cod Wars. In retaliation, the British Trawlers' Federation announced that it would deny access to its facilities at the ports of Grimsby and Hull to Icelandic trawlers. In March 1953 it was reported that Dawson was negotiating with Icelandic trawler owners for the sole rights to sell their fish in Britain. Dawson's involvement in the dispute was raised in the House of Commons by Sir Herbert Williams who asked the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Hector Hughes: "Would the honourable and learned gentleman be good enough to advise the Icelandic government to be careful before they come to any arrangement with Mr George Dawson?" However, the Icelandic government did not take part in the negotiations and instead left it to the trawler owners to decide if they wanted to work with Dawson. On 18 March Dawson announced that he had reached an agreement with the Icelandic Trawler Owners' Federation to buy fish landed at British ports, though a formal agreement was not signed until 10 May. Dawson bought fish processing facilities in Grimsby and had a factory staffed and ready by the autumn. On 14 October 1953 the Icelandic trawler Ingolfur Arnarson docked at Grimsby, and Dawson was present to meet the ship's captain and address reporters. The event was captured in the Pathé newsreel film Dawson V The Rest. One lorry load of fish was transported to Billingsgate Fish Market in London and sold early on 15 October. Another load was offered for auction at the Grimsby wholesale market. The Grimsby Fish Merchants' Association had previously decided by a majority vote not to handle Icelandic fish until the dispute between the British and Icelandic governments was resolved, and only one firm, Wright Brothers, defied the ban and made a purchase. As a result of buying from Dawson, Wright Brothers had its supplies of ice stopped and was banned from buying British-caught fish. The same sanctions were imposed on the Standard Cold Storage company for handling Dawson's fish. Six more landings of Icelandic fish were made at Grimsby by trawlers operating on Dawson's behalf. However, without the option of selling at the Grimsby wholesale market, Dawson struggled to sell and distribute the fish effectively, and he defaulted on his payments to the Icelanders. On 11 December 1953 employment termination notices were handed to the 80 employees at Dawson's fish processing factory. Dawson made some further efforts to remain in the fishing industry, including attempts to buy out a fish wholesaler and to market fish in Britain caught by Belgian trawlers, but these were unsuccessful. Dawson later said he had lost about £100,000 in his Icelandic fish venture. Bankruptcy On 2 August 1957 a receiving order in bankruptcy was made against Dawson. He was adjudged bankrupt on 24 September 1957, having provided a statement showing gross liabilities of £569,449. He disputed liability for £495,776 of this sum, including a claim for over £200,000 by the Inland Revenue and a claim for £189,000 by the French courts for tax due in France. A public examination into Dawson's bankruptcy began on 9 October 1957. The official receiver told the court the way in which Dawson conducted his business, including the use of nominees and keeping little or no record of his transactions, would make discovering the true circumstances unusually difficult, if not impossible. The registrar adjourned the public examination indefinitely on 21 May 1958, leaving Dawson as an undischarged bankrupt. He said his decision was based on Dawson's failure to provide a proper explanation of his business dealings. Second prison sentence Arrest and charges On 28 August 1958 Dawson was remanded in custody after being arrested on charges of conspiracy to defraud. Dawson and five other men appeared in court for preliminary hearings which ran from 12 September until 4 December. All six men were charged with conspiring, between 1954 and 1957, to cheat and defraud such persons as might be induced to part with moneys in connection with transactions relating to the sale and purchase of orange juice concentrate and other articles by false pretences and fraudulent conversion. Dawson alone was also charged with intent to defraud, causing an individual to execute a cheque for £25,000 by false pretences. Dawson and one other man were further charged with obtaining £8,740 credit by fraud. In November 1954 the Ministry of Food had 448,000 gallons of orange juice concentrate up for sale. Although the Ministry would not provide a certificate stating that the orange juice concentrate was fit for human consumption, Dawson agreed to buy it for £12,800. It was alleged that Dawson then obtained money from investors by telling them contracts were in place to sell the orange juice concentrate at a profit in Germany and France when, in reality, no such contracts existed. In addition, the companies created by Dawson for trading the orange juice concentrate were never solvent, and their main purpose was to enable him to obtain cash by drawing and discounting bills of exchange. In January 1956 Dawson obtained £25,000 from his friend Winifred Paterson to buy army surplus landing vehicles (LVTs). Dawson had said he could buy 61 LVTs for £40,000 and sell them at a profit in the Middle East. Dawson later told Paterson that the export licence had been stopped, but he hoped to arrange another deal. However, the LVTs were eventually sold for scrap and Paterson only received about £1,200. In April 1956 Veritas Investments Finance Ltd made a loan of £8,740 to Bulk Containers Ltd, another of Dawson's companies, for purchases of railway locomotives, diesel engines and accessories. Seven locomotives were to be reconditioned, fitted with the diesel engines, and sold in Spain for £7,500 each. The profits were to be shared between Veritas and Bulk Containers. It was alleged that, in order to secure the loan from Veritas, Dawson had stated that Bulk Containers had assets of £60,000. However, the deal in Spain was not completed and Bulk Containers failed to repay the loan. Trial The case went to trial at the Old Bailey on 2 February 1959. The prosecution described Dawson as the "evil genius" at the centre of a conspiracy to cheat and defraud, in which large profits were promised from various schemes and eight individuals were defrauded of a total of £118,148. Dawson represented himself in court and cross-examined witnesses for the prosecution. During his defence statement, which lasted a total of eight hours and 35 minutes, Dawson said he had been persecuted by the police for 10 years and a superintendent in the Fraud Squad had tried to extort £50,000 from him. On 26 March 1959 Dawson and two of the other five defendants were found guilty of conspiring to cheat and defraud. Dawson was also convicted on nine further counts of obtaining credit by fraud, false pretences and fraudulent conversion. The two other men were also convicted on further counts of fraud. Dawson was sentenced to six years' imprisonment, and the two other men were sentenced to two years' imprisonment. Appeal and reduction of sentence Dawson launched an appeal and, on 2 February 1960, the Court of Criminal Appeal quashed the convictions of Dawson and one other man on the charge of conspiracy. The court also quashed Dawson's convictions on six of the other nine counts, and his sentence was reduced from six to four years' imprisonment. Dawson was released from HM Prison Leyhill on 6 October 1961, having earned 16 months' remission due to good conduct. Marriage and children First marriage Dawson married Florence Redford in Bermondsey in 1926. The couple had three children: George, born in 1927; Florence, born in 1929 and known as Bubbles; and Robert, born in 1943. Second marriage In 1949 Dawson married former chorus girl Olga Mallet, née Mironoff, mother of Tania Mallet and aunt of Helen Mirren. Dawson and Olga had three sons: Francis, born in 1944 and known as Francois; Anthony, born in 1954; and Daniel, born in 1955. Dawson and Olga lived at Villa La Saugette, a 13-bedroomed property on Avenue Fiesole in Cannes, and their lavish lifestyle was the subject of newspaper articles. In November 1953 the couple returned to Britain and moved into Riviera Villa, Bowling Green Close, Putney Heath. Olga moved out of the couple's home in March 1954 and legal proceedings involving Dawson's former secretary, Jasper Addis, followed. Addis was charged with fraud on 21 April after Dawson alleged that he had fraudulently converted a cheque. While being cross-examined in court, Dawson denied telling Olga he was going to frame Addis. On 28 April Dawson was charged with threatening behaviour after Addis claimed that Dawson, accompanied by three men of "rough appearance", had threatened to kill him. On 30 April Olga was granted an interim injunction restraining Dawson from molesting or communicating with her or her mother. Dawson filed a petition for divorce against Olga, alleging adultery with Addis. Olga filed for divorce against Dawson, charging him with cruelty and adultery. On 6 May Olga's mother, Mary Mironoff, gave evidence in the case of threatening behaviour by Dawson towards Addis. She told the court that Dawson had telephoned her and said: "I will not go to jail. I will blow my brains out, but before I will murder two people: your daughter and Jasper Addis." However, Dawson and Olga attended court together on 17 May and stated through joint legal counsel that they were terminating all outstanding litigation between them and there was no foundation to the charges that had been made. On the charge of threatening behaviour by Dawson towards Addis, both men were bound over to keep the peace. Additional fraud charges involving other parties were brought against Addis, and he was convicted and sentenced to two years' imprisonment on 6 October. In 1955 Dawson and Olga moved into Garden Court, a 20-roomed house with 10 acres of garden in Oxshott. In January 1958 Dawson's mortgage lender was granted a possession order for Garden Court and the couple moved into a rented flat in Putney. On 1 April 1963 Olga was granted a decree nisi of divorce against Dawson on the grounds of adultery and given custody of their three children. See also Cod Wars References 1907 births 1985 deaths 20th-century British businesspeople Businesspeople from London British people convicted of fraud

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20of%20Gjorgji%20and%20Despot%20Filipovski

House of Gjorgji and Despot Filipovski

The House of Gjorgji and Despot Filipovski is a historical house in Galičnik that is listed as Cultural heritage of North Macedonia. It is in ownership of one branch of the family of Filipovski. History of the family The family of Filipovci shares ancestral roots with the families of Golčevci, Sarievski, Drenkovci, Eftovci, Boškovci, Sekulovci and Bimbaškovci. Notable members of the family Slavko ― progenitor of the family. Filip 'Glava' ― one of the richest sheep and cattle owners in the late 19th century. Jovan Filiposki ― son of Gjorgji. Kire Filipovski ― grandson of Filip 'Glava' Rade Filiposki ― member of the League of Communist Youth of Yugoslavia. He was secretary of the third local LCYY group. Dokse Filiposki ― partisan during the People Lberation war of Macedonia. He was kidnaped by a corrupted Albanian police officer in 1943 during the Italian protectorate of Albania. Niko Filiposki ― local activist in the mid 20th century. Pavle Filiposki ― local sports activist in the mid 20th century. Kosto Filiposki ― local activist in the mid 20th century. Dragan Filiposki ― local activist in the mid 20th century. The brothers Ilija, Blagoja, Filip and Vase Filipovski who gave endowment for renovation of the local and old Saint Paraskeva of the Balkans Church, as a commemoration of their parents Kire and Evgena. Milica Filiposka ― member of the Board for organizing the Galičnik Wedding Festival. References External links National Register of objects that are cultural heritage (List updated to December 31, 2012) (In Macedonian) Office for Protection of Cultural Heritage (In Macedonian) Galičnik Cultural heritage of North Macedonia Historic houses

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20of%20Boris%20and%20Traj%C4%8De%20Filipovski

House of Boris and Trajče Filipovski

The House of Boris and Trajče Filipovski is a historical house in Galičnik that is listed as Cultural heritage of North Macedonia. It is in ownership of one branch of the family of Filipovski. History of the family The family of Filipovci shares ancestral roots with the families of Golčevci, Sarievski, Drenkovci, Eftovci, Boškovci, Sekulovci and Bimbaškovci. Notable members of the family Slavko ― progenitor of the family. Filip 'Glava' ― one of the richest sheep and cattle owners in the late 19th century. Jovan Filiposki ― son of Gjorgji. Kire Filipovski ― grandson of Fili 'Glava' Rade Filiposki ― member of the League of Communist Youth of Yugoslavia. He was secretary of the third local LCYY group. Dokse Filiposki ― partisan during the People Lberation war of Macedonia. He was kidnaped by a corrupted Albanian police officer in 1943 during the Italian protectorate of Albania. Niko Filiposki ― local activist in the mid 20th century. Pavle Filiposki ― local sports activist in the mid 20th century. Kosto Filiposki ― local activist in the mid 20th century. Dragan Filiposki ― local activist in the mid 20th century. The brothers Ilija, Blagoja, Filip and Vase Filipovski who gave endowment for renovation of the local and old Saint Paraskeva of the Balkans Church, as a commemoration of their parents Kire and Egvena. Milica Filiposka ― member of the Board for organizing the Galičnik Wedding Festival. References External links National Register of objects that are cultural heritage (List updated to December 31, 2012) (In Macedonian) Office for Protection of Cultural Heritage (In Macedonian) Galičnik Cultural heritage of North Macedonia Historic houses

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haridwar%20hate%20speeches

Haridwar hate speeches

In December 2021, a dharma sansad (religious assembly) of Hindu ascetics was held at Haridwar in Uttarakhand, India, where hate speeches were delivered in which the speakers called for a genocide against Muslims and other minorities in the name of protecting Hinduism. The government's apathy in the face of the hate event has been condemned by a wide cross section of Indian society, including retired military leaders, civil society activists, students, academics, and retired judges. Event The Haridwar dharma sansad (religious assembly) was organised by Yati Narasighanand, the priest of the Dasna Devi temple in Ghaziabad and the chief of the Juna Akhara. The gathering was held over three days during 17–19 December 2021. The theme of the conference was Islamic Bharat mein Sanatan ka Bhavishya ("The Future of the Sanatan (Dharma) in Islamic India"). It was described as a "strange topic" by The Wire, because nobody other than this gathering believed that India was "Islamic". Almost all of the speakers were saffron-robed Hindu ascetics (called sadhu if they are male, and sadhvi if they are female). Many of them were also heads of akharas (physical training institutions which are usually run by members of ascetic orders). Since at least the seventh century, militant ascetics have been a fixture of Hindu civilisation. They were brought under control by the British in the 18–19th centuries. The Hindu nationalist organisation Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and its religious wing Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP) started building links with the ascetic orders in the 1960s. In the 1980s a hundred members of the VHP got initiated into ascetic orders in Haridwar in the name of "protecting culture". Speeches At the assembly, numerous speakers called for the killing of minorities and they also called for attacks against their religious spaces. Prabodhanand Giri, a former RSS pracharak who turned ascetic and runs an organisation called Hindu Raksha Sena in Haridwar, asked Hindus to emulate what was done in Myanmar, referring to the violence against Rohingya Muslims. He called it safai abhiyan ("cleanliness drive"), apparently implying ethnic cleansing. Prabodhanand Giri associates himself with the Uttar Pradesh chief minister Yogi Adityanath, whose picture is featured on his Facebook page. Speaking to the NDTV News the following day, he said that he stood by what he said, and asserted that he was not afraid of the police. Sadhvi Annapurna, formerly Pooja Shakun Pandey, the head of the Niranjani Akhara and a general secretary of the Hindu Mahasabha, openly called for the killing of Muslims. "If 100 of us are ready to kill two million of them, then we will win and make India a Hindu nation," she said, asking Hindus to be ready to kill and be willing to go to jail. Talking to NDTV News, she also said that she was not afraid of the police. Another speaker named Swami Anandswaroop, who heads the Sambhavi Dhaam, told people not to celebrate Christmas in Haridwar. He also called for the banning of Muslim vendors from Haridwar. He stated that the government would have to comply with the ruling of the Dharm Sansad because it was the "word of God." Otherwise, it would wage a war like the one which was waged in 1857, a reference to the Indian Rebellion of 1857 against the British Indian government. Oath-taking Around the same time as the Haridwar meeting, members of Hindu Yuva Vahini, an organisation which was founded by Yogi Adityanath, met in Delhi in order to take an oath. Raising their hands in a Nazi-style salute, the hundreds of members who were in attendance chanted, "We make a resolution until our last breath: We will make India a Hindu nation, and keep it a Hindu-only nation. We will fight and die if required, we will kill as well." The oath was administered by Suresh Chavhanke, the editor-in-chief of the right-wing news channel, Sudarshan News. He then tweeted a video of the oath to his half a million followers. Reactions Domestic Video clips of the speeches which were made at the Dharma Sansad meeting went viral on social media. Admiral Arun Prakash, the former Chief of Naval Staff, described it as a clear threat to India's national security; former Army chief General Ved Prakash Malik agreed and urged urgent action. Trinamool Congress spokesperson Saket Gokhale lodged a police complaint; Indian National Congress spokesperson Shama Mohammed followed a similar course. Members of BJP and its supporters shared a clipped video of Muslim leader Asaduddin Owaisi to allege that he called for a genocide of Hindus, in an effort to divert attention from the Haridwar hate speeches. A group of 183 students and academics at the Indian Institutes of Management, Ahmedabad and Bangalore, wrote to the Prime Minister urging action. "Your silence, Honourable Prime Minister, emboldens the hate-filled voices and threatens the unity and integrity of our country," they wrote. More than 100 veterans, bureaucrats and other prominent citizens including five former chiefs of staff of the Armed Forces wrote an open letter to the President, the Prime Minister, The Chief Justice of India and others, seeking immediate action against those who made open calls for genocide of Indian muslims in Haridwar and New Delhi. The letter also mentioned targeting of other minorities of India like Christians, Dalits and Sikhs. Former Chief Justice of India Fali Nariman has cricised the ruling party for keeping silent and almost endorsing the hate speeches. International Indian diaspora from around the world created a 'twitter storm' on 8 January with the hashtag #StopIndianMuslimGenocide. A press statement issued by global Indian diaspora said, "[they] will not merely stand and watch the denial of the humanity of our fellow Indians". As many as 28 diaspora groups from across the globe have participated in the protest. The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation which has 57 Muslim majority nations as its member states called upon the international community including the United Nations to take necessary measures and asked India to ensure the safety of Muslims in response to Haridwar hate speech and hijab controversy in India. India condemned OIC for its remarks saying it has communal mindset and is hijacked by vested interests to further their nefarious propaganda against India. Gregory Stanton, founder of Genocide Watch; who predicted Rwandan Genocide 5 years before it happened in 1994, condemned the hate speech and said that a genocide against muslims is impending in India. He also asked the US Congress to pass a resolution to warn India against a possible Muslim genocide. Law and order On 23 December, the Uttarakhand Police have registered an FIR against Jitendra Narayan Tyagi and unnamed "others" for "promoting hatred between religious groups". Tyagi, formerly Wasim Rizvi, is a recent convert to Hinduism initiated by Yati Narsinghanand. People on social media have questioned why the police did not register case against any of the speakers but named only Tyagi. Ten days later, on 2 January 2022, a second FIR was filed naming ten organisers of the Dharma Sansad, including Yati Narasinganand. In Delhi, a complaint was filed on 27 December against Suresh Chavhanke of Sudarshan News for his hate speech at the Hindu Yuva Vahini gathering. Seventy-six top lawyers and judges wrote to the Chief Justice of India requesting him to take a suo moto notice and urgent judicial intervention. They noted that it was a "grave threat not just to the unity and integrity of our country but also endanger the lives of millions of Muslim citizens". Yati Narsinganand was seen to be defiant in videos circulated on social media. He predicted that the police would be "on our side". On 10 January 2022, the Supreme Court has agreed to hear a public interest litigation (PIL) petition from senior advocate Kapil Sibal on behalf of journalist Qurban Ali and former judge of Patna High Court Anjana Prakash. Sibal noted that, despite the registration of FIRs, no arrests have been made, and said that, "without the attention of your lordships, no action will be taken". The Supreme Court issued notices to the Uttarakhand Police and the hDelhi Police, seeking their response to the petition. On 14 January, the Uttarakhand Police arrested Waseem Rizvi alias Jitendra Narayan Tyagi. Yati Narsinganand condemned the arrest and defied the police, saying he himself was with Tyagi during the events. In a video circulated on social media, the police were seen being apologetic. Narsinganand was later arrested on 16 January 2022, initially for a fomer case of misogyny pending from September 2021 (insulting the modesty of a woman). The next day, they said the arrest would cover the Haridwar dharma sansad case as well. The police said Narsinganand was served notice to join investigations at police request. As he did not honour the notice, he was arrested and taken into judicial custody for 14 days. After his arrest, Narsinganand delivered further hate speech extending to the Supreme Court, the constitution and "the system", including the police, politians and the Army. "Those who believe in [the constitution] will be killed", he declared. Notes References Bibliography Further reading Krishnadas Rajagopal, Hate speech attacks individual dignity, threatens national unity: Supreme Court judgments, The Hindu, 16 January 2022. Hindutva Hindu nationalism Violence against Muslims Hate speech Islamophobia Hinduism-related controversies Anti-Islam sentiment in Asia

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich%20Fiechtner

Heinrich Fiechtner

Heinrich Ekkehard Fiechtner (born 29. September 1960 in Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt) is a German hematologist and internal oncologist, palliative medicine specialist and politician (non-party, formerly AfD, CDU and FDP). From 2016 to 2021 he was a member of the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg for Alternative for Germany (AfD). He resigned from the party and parliamentary group at the end of November 2017. Fiechtner and AfD-MOP Wolfgang Gedeon, both doctors, exchanged certificates for exemption from the mask requirement in a video in 2020. Fiechtner is a radical COVID-denier and member of the international pressure group "World Doctors Alliance" that spread false and conspiratorial claims about COVID-19. Fiechtner was expelled from the Stuttgart State Parliament in 2021 by the police after claiming that COVID-19 is a hoax. References Living people Politicians from Stuttgart Alternative for Germany politicians 21st-century German politicians Members of the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg German hematologists 1960 births

69582121

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sally%20Wheeler

Sally Wheeler

Sally Wheeler Maier (born May 19, 1970) is an American stage and television actress. She is known for playing the role of "Carrie Moore" in the American sitcom television series Two of a Kind. Life and career Wheeler was born in Winter Haven, Florida, the daughter of Irving, a lawyer, and Carolyn Wheeler, a singer, and has four brothers. She first acted on stage at age nine. She graduated from Winter Haven High School, and later attended Queens University of Charlotte, North Carolina. She also attended the University of Florida at Gainesville, where she earned a master's degree in drama and English, as well as earning a doctorate from Florida State University at Tallahassee. Wheeler began her career in New York, appearing in three commercials and an Off-Broadway play, and in a stage production play, titled, Gypsy. She took violin lessons. In 1998, Wheeler starred in the new ABC sitcom television series Two of a Kind, in which she co-starred with Christopher Sieber. She played the role of "Carrie Moore", in which her character was an employee of Professor Burke. Her character was also a college student and babysitter of Mary-Kate and Ashley (Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen). After the series ended, Wheeler guest-starred in the television series Spin City. She appeared in three soap operas, such as, Another World, As the World Turns (as "Wendy") and Guiding Light. Wheeler also appeared in the stage plays, Detective Story and Fiddler on the Roof, with also appearing in the play As You Like It. She also performed at the Worth Street Theater Company, where she co-starred in the play In the Forest of Arden, playing the role of "Rosalind". In 2008, Wheeler guest-starred in the comedy-drama television series Lipstick Jungle, in which she also guest-starred in the police procedural television series Blue Bloods, where Wheeler played the role of the "Doctor", in 2013. References External links Rotten Tomatoes profile 1970 births 20th-century American actresses 21st-century American actresses Living people People from Winter Haven, Florida Actresses from Florida American stage actresses American television actresses American soap opera actresses Queens University of Charlotte alumni University of Florida alumni Florida State University alumni American violinists

69582365

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love%20in%20Albania

Love in Albania

Love in Albania is a comedy play by the British writer Eric Linklater, which was originally performed in 1949. After appearing at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith it transferred to St James's Theatre in the West End. Directed by and starring Peter Ustinov the cast also included Brenda Bruce, Molly Urquhart, Peter Jones and Robin Bailey. It was staged with the support of the Arts Council of Great Britain. Ustinov played a buffoonish American military policeman searching for his long-lost daughter in wartime London. References Bibliography Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015. Tanitch, Robert . London Stage in the 20th Century. Haus Publishing, 2007. Willians, Geoffrey. Peter Ustinov. Peter Owen, 1957. 1949 plays Comedy plays West End plays Plays by Eric Linklater

69582772

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Husel

William Husel

William Scott Husel is an American physician and accused serial killer who is alleged to have murdered a minimum of 27 people from February 11, 2015, to November 20, 2018, by fentanyl overdosage at the Mount Carmel West and St. Ann's Hospitals in Columbus, Ohio. Turning himself in on June 5, 2019, he is on trial in which he faces 14 counts of murder. Background Early life William Scott Husel was born on November 11, 1975. Raised in Cleveland, Ohio, Husel attended St. Ignatius High School where he excelled in basketball as a captain for his senior year. Graduating in 1994, he attended Wheeling Jesuit College where he crafted a pipe-bomb, storing it until he had used it to explode a trash can near a health and recreation center on the college's campus on November 9, 1994. Husel attempted to frame another student by planting bomb-making material in his car. Another man was also charged in connection with the incident; Husel was charged with malicious damage by means of explosive device, possession of an unregistered explosive device and unlawful making of an explosive device, and was sentenced to six months to serve in a community confinement center, along with one year of supervision. Adulthood In the mid-1990s, Husel continued his education at Ohio State University, graduating with a degree in microbiology in 2000. Husel then attended and graduated from Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine in 2008. Soon after graduation, Husel became an intern at the Cleveland Clinic where he developed a reputation as being "cool, muscled," and attractive by nurses and co-workers. Completing his required medical training in 2013, Husel found work as an intensive-care doctor at the Mount Carmel West Hospital in Columbus, Ohio, where he was described as highly intelligent. In February 2015, Husel began to prescribe extremely high doses of fentanyl to his patients, which allegedly resulted in their deaths. In October 2017, he married wife Mariah Baird, a nurse who is suspected of helping administer excessive fentanyl doses. Alleged murders From February 2015 to November 2018, Husel was alleged to have prescribed excessive amounts of fentanyl to his patients. The first murder was alleged to have begun on February 10, 2015, when a patient was administered 400 micrograms of fentanyl. Over the course of two and a half years, 34 deaths of patients occurred, the vast majority of whom had been prescribed an inordinate dosage of fentanyl before their deaths. Mount Carmel Health System accused Husel of all 34, though 6 of the deaths were not believed to be a result of Husel's prescribing by authorities. Investigation and criminal proceedings On October 25, 2018, Mount Carmel received their first formal report of Husel's conduct. It was not investigated seriously until November 19, 2018, when they broadened their investigation, noting the death of victim Rebecca Walls and an abnormally high dosage of fentanyl. One day later, another patient of Husel's named Melissa Penix had been declared deceased after a lethal dosage; Husel was immediately removed from patient-care duties on November 21, 2018, before being fired on December 5, 2018, after he had been held under suspicion for poisoning patients. Mount Carmel then contacted the State Medical Board of Ohio, meeting with the Franklin County prosecutor on the same day. Informing the State of Ohio Board of Nursing, Ohio state police became involved with the case not long thereafter on January 15, 2019. After having his license suspended and being charged with 25 counts of murder, Husel turned himself in to authorities on June 5, 2019. A judge later agreed to dismiss 11 of the murder counts. Husel's trial began February 22, 2022. In her opening statement, Assistant Franklin County Prosecutor Janet Grubb told the jury that Husel prescribed "unwarranted and unprecedented" dosages of fentanyl, more than was medically necessary to ease pain, and that his actions caused the patients' deaths. Husel's defense attorney Jose Baez said in his opening statement that Husel prescribed the fentanyl in an effort to relieve his patients from pain and that he did not commit murder. Baez also showed the jury part of a media playbook Mount Carmel Health System had created for handling the scandal, including a page discussing who the "villain" would be. After opening statements, prosecutors called their first witness, Columbus police detective Bill Gillette. The State's second witness, pharmacist Talon Schroyer--who had previously worked the night shift at Mount Carmel--testified on February 23 that he thought Dr. Husel’s fentanyl orders were “unusual” but was unsure if they might be a result of possible drug diversion. During cross-examination of Schroyer, defense attorney Diane Menashe argued that Husel had saved the lives of some of the alleged murder victims by providing lifesaving interventions (such as CPR and medications like vasopressors). . On February 28, jurors heard from Dr. E. Wesley Ely, a physician and Vanderbilt University professor. Dr. Ely, who specializes in pulmonary and critical care medicine, testified about each of the 14 patients Husel is accused of murdering. According to Dr. Ely, each of those patients died as a direct result of the medication Husel ordered for them and not (directly) from their underlying health conditions. Dr. Ely further stated that Dr. Husel's dosing was "astounding," "mind-boggling" and "out of the norm." See also List of serial killers in the United States Kermit Gosnell Michael Swango References Living people 1975 births Suspected serial killers People charged with murder Physicians from Ohio People from Cleveland

69583047

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rochambeau%20bomb%20plot

Rochambeau bomb plot

The Rochambeau bomb plot was an attempt by four Germans, Frank Helon (aka Hans Hellar), George Summers, George Brinkman and Peter Langlaan to bomb an Allied ship while it was steaming across the Atlantic. The plot was foiled when Peter Langlaan changed his mind after thinking about the innocent passengers who might be hurt in the attack. This was a lone wolf attack, with no known contact with Imperial Germany's expansive spy network in America. Background World War I had broken out in the summer of 1914. While the United States was initially neutral in the conflict one of its biggest immigrant groups was German-speaking parts of Imperial Germany and Austro-Hungarian Empire. Some of these German immigrants were angered by American trade to Germany's enemies the Allies or Entente Powers. One of the plotters said he was inspired by the McNamara brother's 1910 Los Angeles Times bombing terrorist attack and that he wanted “to do something to help the fatherland.” Plot Frank Helon (aka Hans Hellar) built the bomb, a package containing of dynamite connected with wires set to explode six and one-half days after it was started. The other plotters were to help him express to ship the bomb from New Orleans to New York City and on to the targeted ship, SS Rochambeau. George Brinkman, the proprietor of New Orleans' Faust hotel, was to use his contacts via the hotel to ship the package. The timer was to be started in New Orleans and it was hoped that in six and one-half days that it would reach New York, be placed aboard SS Rochambeau and detonate when the ship was far from land. Arrest One of the plotters Peter Langlaan broke down near the time the package was to be shipped. While he liked the idea of destroying the ships he couldn't get past killing the innocent passengers and crew. Overcome with dread he went to the police. It was then that the other plotters were arrested. Bibliography Notes References Improvised explosive devices World War I spies for Germany Terrorist incidents in the 1910s Bombs

69584101

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladies%20Beware

Ladies Beware

Ladies Beware is a 1927 American silent crime film directed by Charles Giblyn and starring George O'Hara, Nola Luxford and Kathleen Myers. Synopsis Jack, a jewel thief, is advised to leave town by the police. Before he does so he heads to the house party hosted by Georgette Ring, knowing that she has a very valuable ruby. His former associate Jeannie, now working as secretary to Mrs. Ring attempts to prevent him from taking it. In the event it is stolen by another of the guests Count Bodevsky. Cast George O'Hara as Jack O'Diamonds Nola Luxford as Jeannie Florence Wix as Mrs. Ring Kathleen Myers as Georgette Mario Carillo as Count Bodevsky Alan Brooks as Renwick Clarke Byron Douglas as Deputy Commissioner Croswell Bud Jamison as Tubbs Jimmy Aubrey as Handy References Bibliography Connelly, Robert B. The Silents: Silent Feature Films, 1910-36, Volume 40, Issue 2. December Press, 1998. Munden, Kenneth White. The American Film Institute Catalog of Motion Pictures Produced in the United States, Part 1. University of California Press, 1997. External links 1927 films 1927 crime films English-language films American films American silent feature films American crime films American black-and-white films Films directed by Charles Giblyn Film Booking Offices of America films

69584727

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roter%20Ochse

Roter Ochse

Roter Ochse ("The Red Ox", today JVA Halle I) is a prison in Halle (Saale). The name can be traced to the end of the nineteenth century, but its origin is unclear. It is said to be related to the colour of the masonry. Since 1996 it has also been used as a memorial. History Prussia After six years of construction, the prison went into operation as "The Royal Russian Penal, Learning, and Correctional Institution" (Königlich-Preußische Straf-, Lern- und Besserungsanstalt). On February 7, 1885, the anarchists August Reinsdorf and were executed in the courtyard. They had attempted to assassinate Kaiser Wilhelm I at the Niederwalddenkmal on September 28, 1883. In the First World War, from February to August 1917, Werner Scholem, a soldier and later member of the Reichstag in the KPD, was interned in Halle, having been sentenced to ten months in prison for joining an anti-war demonstration in uniform in January 1917. He served the last months of his sentence in Spandau Prison. The prison held many left-wing political prisoners who had been involved in uprisings after the war, but Ernst Werner Techow, a right-wing extremist who had been implicated in the murder of Walther Rathenau in 1922, was also interned there. Germany under National Socialism In the early years of the Nazi regime, from 1933 to 1935, the prison was used for "protective custody". From 1935 it was mainly used as a penitentiary for political prisoners. Following a March 19, 1939 directive from the Ministry of Justice, it was used as a . By the end of the war, 549 prisoners had been killed by guillotine or hanging. The bodies of executed prisoners may have been used for scientific research. At the request of physiologist , at least 35 prisoners' eyes were removed immediately after their death for research into night vision. Soviet Occupation Zone and the German Democratic Republic The prison was liberated by the 104th Infantry Division in April 1945. The US Army withdrew from Halle a few weeks after the war. From July 1945, the Soviet occupation forces used the prison as a detention and internment camp for the NKVD. Until 1950, soviet military trials against thousands of prisoners from across Saxony-Anhalt were held at Roter Ochse. After that, use of the facility was shared by the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry for State Security (Stasi) of East Germany. In addition to its use as a corrections facility with space for 470 female prisoners, Roter Ochse was used by the Stasi from 1952 onward as a pre-trial detention facility. During the uprising of 1953, doctoral student was shot dead by the police in front of the prison. Roter Ochse was the office of Stasi departments VIII (observation and investigation), IX (investigations), and XIV (pre-trial and penal detention), and working-group XXII (counter-terrorism), for the district of Halle. Almost 10,000 people were interned by the Stasi at Roter Ochse. Federal Republic of Germany Roter Ochse is now a correctional facility (JVA Halle I). Memorial Since February 15, 1996, there has been a memorial for victims of political persecution from 1933 to 1945 and 1945–1989 in Roter Ochse, in the former Nazi execution building, which had been converted into an interrogation facility by the Stasi. The memorial is intended as a place for education and research as well as a place of mourning, remembrance, and commemoration. Since February 15, 2006, there has been a three-floor, permanent exhibition on display. There is also space for temporary exhibits. Sources Fricke, Kurt. 1997. Die Justizvollzugsanstalt „Roter Ochse“ Halle/Saale 1933–1945. Eine Dokumentation. Magdeburg: Ministerium des Innern des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt, Magdeburg (Gedenkstätten und Gedenkstättenarbeit im Land Sachsen-Anhalt 3). Viebig, Michael. 1998. Das Zuchthaus Halle/Saale als Richtstätte der nationalsozialistischen Justiz (1942 bis 1945). Magdeburg: Ministerium des Innern des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt. Sperk, Alexander. 1998. Die MfS-Untersuchungshaftanstalt „Roter Ochse“ Halle/Saale von 1950 bis 1989. Eine Dokumentation. Magdeburg: Ministerium des Innern des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt. Fricke, Kurt. 2006. "Die Strafanstalt Roter Ochse in Halle 1933 bis 1989". In: Werner Freitag, Katrin Minner, Andreas Ranft (eds.), Geschichte der Stadt Halle. Volume 2: Halle im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert. Halle: Mitteldeutscher Verlag. pp. 415–431. ISBN 3-89812-383-9 Bohse, Daniel, and Alexander Sperk (eds.). 2008. Der Rote Ochse Halle (Saale). Politische Justiz 1933–1945, 1945–1989. Berlin: Christoph Links Verlag. ISBN 978-3-86153-480-8 (Schriftenreihe der Stiftung Gedenkstätten Sachsen-Anhalt 1). External links Gedenkstätte Roter Ochse References Prisons in Germany 1840s architecture Buildings and structures in Halle (Saale)

69585540

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken%20Seiling

Ken Seiling

Ken Seiling is a retired Canadian politician, most notable for serving as Regional Chair of the Regional Municipality of Waterloo from 1985 to 2018. He served as mayor of the lower-tier municipality of Woolwich in the 1970s. Notable policy legacies of Seiling include the controversial "countryside line", a municipally managed greenbelt and the development of Waterloo's light rail transit system, which was a defining topic in the 2014 election. He also helped spearhead action in the late 1990s and early 2000s to ban smoking indoors in Waterloo businesses. After 2014, Seiling was selected to co-lead a provincial report into efficiency and reform in municipal regional government. Biography and Electoral History Ken Seiling was born between 1946 and 1948. In the 1970s, he entered municipal politics as a councillor in the municipality of Woolwich. He later served as mayor of Woolwich, as his grandfather had at some time before him. Seiling received post-secondary education at Wilfrid Laurier University, McMaster University and the University of Toronto, before serving as a teacher in Waterloo Region and then becoming a museum director at Wellington County Museum and Archives. As of 2021, he has five children and eleven grandchildren. Seiling served two years as a councillor and then nine years as Mayor of Woolwich. He was first elected by council as Regional Chair in 1985, followed by elections in 1988, 1991 and 1994, and following reorganizaiton of Waterloo County into a two-tier municipality, served as its regional chair after winning direct elections in 1997, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2010 and 2014. Before serving as Regional Chair, Seiling also served as head of the Waterloo Regional Police Commission. In his 1985 race to replace retiring chair James Gray, many other municipal politicians were considered as possible contenders, but he was elected, likely by a coalition of rural councillors. Career as Chair Seiling served as the chair of the Mayors and Regional Chairs of Ontario. During Seiling's time as chair, the Region grew from approximately 330,000 residents to over 500,000. In 1990, the Regional Council approved the construction of a new regional headquarters, which resulted in Seiling being named as a respondent in a 1992 lawsuit by a company that answered the request for proposals that did not receive the contract. In 2000, Seiling urged the regional council to reject amalgamation into a single-tier municipality, citing the length of the amalgamation period could be better spent on finding reforms within the two-tier system. Seiling was not willing to commit regional staff resources to analysis of reform, creating internal controversy with other municipal politicians. In 2001, Waterloo created one of Canada's strictest municipal smoking bans. In 2002, in the aftermath of the Walkerton water crisis, Seiling endorsed regional/county control of water services, causing controversies within Waterloo Region as lower-tier politicians argued in favour of more local control. In 2007, Seiling disputed an assertion by some Six Nations leaders that approval of traditional chiefs (via a development authority) of the Six Nations were required before construction could occur within the area in Waterloo that coincide with the Haldimand Tract. In 2007, Seiling promoted intensification through transit policy, proposing rapid transit funding and alternatives to car-based travel. These remarks, given to then-leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, John Tory at a Progressive Conservative youth event. In the 2010 regional plan, the Region continued a relatively uncommon 2003 policy of limiting the amount of land available for greenfield development through "countryside lines" creating limits on countryside development, essentially a greenbelt. This lead to an appeal by developers to the Ontario Municipal Board, which sided with the developers against the Region, which then sued, challenging the government agency's decision as unreasonable. In 2015, a compromise between the original 90 hectare Regional greenfield allocation and developer 1,053 hectare request was reached, with 450 hectares being made available. In 2013, after failure to comply with regional recommendations, the Region seized Sand Hills Housing Co-op, placing it under regional control, following authority granted by the Ontario Housing Act to do so to protect co-op members against mismanagement. In 2013, Seiling opposed Woolwich's municipal government's decision to permit construction of a casino within the municipality, citing costs to regional police services and social services. The casino plans were ultimately shelved after the gaming commission stipulated that construction would have to occur specifically at an already existing horse racetrack. In 2014, Seiling helped lead a local consortium that lobbied the Government of Ontario to increase frequency of GO Train service to the region to 15-minute service. The Ontario government responded with a commitment to rail electrification which would facilitate moving toward a level of service termed "all-day, two-way GO", without committing to a specific timeframe for completion. In 2015, after advocacy on the part of Seiling among others, the provincial government committed to being construction on expansion of Highway 7 between Waterloo and Guelph, which had been planned since 1989. Post-retirement After retirement, the Waterloo Region Museum was named after Ken Seiling as a tribute to his service. Seiling was selected alongside former Ontario Deputy Minister Michael Fenn to lead a report on the efficiency of regional government in Ontario, commonly understood to be about exploring converting some two-tier municipalities into single-tier municipalities. The province ultimately decided not to assert amalgamation on regional governments, keeping the report confidential, and Seiling expressed disappointment more recommendations were not adopted. References People from Woolwich, Ontario 1940s births Year of birth uncertain Living people Wilfrid Laurier University alumni McMaster University alumni Mayors of places in Ontario University of Toronto alumni 21st-century Canadian politicians 20th-century Canadian politicians Directors of museums in Canada Canadian schoolteachers 20th-century Canadian educators

69586200

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%20Bangladesh%20ferry%20fire

2021 Bangladesh ferry fire

On 24 December 2021, the passenger ferry MV Avijan-10 caught fire on the Sugandha River, near the town of Jhalokati, Bangladesh. The incident has resulted in at least 40 deaths and more than 100 injuries. Several others were reported missing. Background Close to 30 percent of Bangladeshis commute on rivers, especially the lower class. Ferry accidents are common in the country, which are "often blamed on overcrowding or lax safety rules". Accident The three-decked ferry, MV Avijan-10, was traveling from Dhaka to Barguna, a trip of . The ferry had a capacity of 310 but was carrying 800 passengers, many of whom were returning home for the weekend. The fire broke out around 03:00, when many of the passengers were asleep, off the coast of Jhalokati on the Sugandha River. According to the deputy director of the Fire Service and Civil Defence at Brishal, Kamal Uddin Bhuiyan, the blaze started in the engine room and quickly spread to other parts of the ferry. One of the passengers stated the ferry appeared to have engine problems before the fire. The engine was later filled with smoke. Some passengers jumped into the river and swam to the shore to escape the fire. The Daily Star reported that 15 firefighting units arrived at the scene within 50 minutes of the fire, and the situation was brought under control at 05:20 A dense fog hampered the rescue operations. According to a local official, the boat had to be anchored on a riverbank of the nearby village of Diakul. Zohar Ali, the chief administrator of the district, stated that 4–5 hours passed before the fire was extinguished. It took another 8 hours for the vessel to cool down. Victims Local police chief Moinul Islam stated that 37 bodies were recovered. Most of the victims either died from the fire or drowned during their escape. In addition, 70 injured passengers were hospitalized, seven of whom had severe burns and were in critical condition. The death toll rose to 40 the following day. By 25 December, authorities buried at least twenty-three unclaimed bodies. A government official told reporters that there was a list of 17 people that were unaccounted for, but that others may not have been reported as missing. Investigation Following the incident, a special committee was set up by the government to investigate the fire and report the findings within three days. According to The Daily Star, the boatmaster failed to properly moor the launch after the engines died, and abandoned the vessel without dropping an anchor. The launch then drifted downstream for over 30 minutes before stopping near Diakul. The main gate of the launch was also locked, preventing people from escaping. Additionally, officials at Barishal office of the Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority said the launch was supposed to have a first class master, but had two second class masters instead. An engine fault was postulated to have been the cause of the fire. The previous two engines on the vessel were replaced by one of the vessel's owners, Hanjalal Sheikh, in November for a lack of fuel efficiency without permission being granted or informing the Shipping Department of the changes. The owner stated he was not aware permission was required. The engine fault was thought to have begun as a minor issue, which then progressed after no one fixed it. Sheikh was arrested on 27 December by the Rapid Action Battalion. See also List of maritime disasters in Bangladesh List of shipwrecks of Asia References 2021 fires in Asia Ferry fire 2021 ferry fire December 2021 events in Asia 2021 fire 2021 ferry Jhalakati District Maritime incidents in 2021 Ship fires Vehicle fires in Asia

69586208

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthan%20Lokayukta

Rajasthan Lokayukta

Rajasthan Lokayukta is the Parliamentary Ombudsman for the state of Rajasthan (India). It is a high level statutory functionary,  created to address grievances of the public against ministers, legislators, administration and public servants in issues related to misuse of power, mal-administration and corruption. It was first formed under the Rajasthan Lokayukta and Deputy Lokayukta Act, and approved by the president of India. The passage of Lokpal and Lokayukta's Act,2013 in Parliament had become law from January 16,2014 and requires each state to appoint its Lokayukta within a year. A bench of Lokayukta should consist of judicial and non-judicial members. An Upa-Lokayukta is a deputy to Lokayukta and assists him in his work and acts in-charge Lokayukta in case the position fells vacant before time. A Lokayukta of the state is appointed to office by the state Governor after consulting the committee consisting of State Chief Minister, Speaker of Legislative Assembly, Leader of Opposition, Chairman of Legislative Council and Leader of Opposition of Legislative Council and cannot be removed from office except for reasons specified in the Act and will serve the period of five years. History and administration Rajasthan Lokayukta Act was passed in 1973 making it one of the first state's to pass the law before the Central Government passed the Bill, and got President's approval in January 2015. The Act was passed for the formation of anti-corruption panel to look into allegation of corruption and other abuse of power by Chief Minister, ex-Chief Ministers, other ministers under him and public functionaries and influential officials as per the Act. The act replaces the Odisha Lokpal and Lokayukta Act, 1995. As per the Indian Penal code all the proceedings before Lokayukta are considered as judicial proceedings. Rajasthan Lokayukta Act prohibits disclosure of the identity of the complainant and the functionary against whom the complaint is filed during proceedings before it. The Act lays down for the electronically filed complaint to be filed in hard copy within 15 days of the date of complaint filed by the complainant. As per the Act protection is given for the integrity of the investigation process and to the complainant but not be liable in case the person discloses himself. According to the Act the complaint will be made void in case it is not related to public functionary or the content has ambiguity or fraud or is not related to the purpose mentioned therein. However the Lokayukta can continue with enquiry or investigation if he finds purpose in the complaint and the same is mentioned in the Act. Additionally if after commencement of investigation he finds the grounds are insufficient, he can discontinue the investigation. The office of Lokayukta has the facility of filing complaints online. Oath or affirmation Powers Rajasthan Lokayukta has complete and exclusive authority for enquiring into allegations or complaints against the State Chief Minister, State Deputy Chief Minister, Ministers of the state Government, Leader of Opposition and Government officials. Appointment and tenure Justice Pratap Krishna Lohra, former Rajasthan High Court judge was appointed as Lokayukta for the office of Rajasthan Lokayukta. Rajasthan Lokayukta tenure is five years. Notable cases Rajasthan Lokayukta resolved 28,524 cases out of 28,581 between years 2013 and 2019. Rajasthan Lokayukta got 885,860,814, and 755 complaints against the revenue , urban development and housing, police department and rural development departments respectively in year 2017-18. See also Lokpal and Lokayukta Act,2013 West Bengal Lokayukta Tamilnadu Lokayukta Jharkhand Lokayukta Chhattisgarh Lokayog References External links official website Lokayuktas

69586377

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvey%20Collins

Harvey Collins

Harvey John Collins (October 5, 1925 – December 3, 1957) was an American serial killer who was responsible for three murders committed in Kentucky and Washington between 1953 and 1955, one of them committed while he was serving in the United States Army. Convicted and sentenced to death for one of the murders, he was subsequently executed in 1957. Early life and first murder Harvey John Collins was born on October 5, 1925, in Portland, Oregon, one of several children born to Alfred and Mable Collins (née Tessier). Early on in his life, the entire family moved to Spokane, Washington, where Collins would grow up. According to one of his sisters, they all grew up in a stable, loving home, in which Collins was considered a mama's boy who would get along with everyone. When he became an adult, he enlisted in the Marine Corps, where he served with distinction in the Pacific Theatre and fought during the Battle of Iwo Jima, from which he brought home a katana taken from a Japanese soldier he had killed in battle. For his fighting merits, he was promoted to the rank of Captain, and was generally regarded as an upstanding member of society. However, after the war ended, Collins began to exhibit signs of psychological distress, possibly brought on either from PTSD or from the death of his father in a workplace accident years prior. In 1953, he was transferred to Fort Knox, Kentucky as part of his Army artillery training. On May 15, 1953, he was dining at a roadhouse where he got into a fight with the escort for one of the waitresses, a 37-year-old divorcee named Edna Iona Hall, of nearby Vine Grove. In what appeared to be a friendly gesture, Collins offered to drive her home, but while driving back to Fort Knox, Collins stopped the car on an isolated road and attempted to make sexual advances towards Hall. She rejected him outright, causing the enraged Collins to kick her out of the car, then beat and finally stab her in the head with a screwdriver. After doing this, Collins picked up the still-breathing woman and put her in the back of his car, even flagging down a passing automobile to help him move his vehicle, as it was stuck in the sand. Once the car was freed, Collins drove further along the road, where he dragged Hall off to the nearby woodlands and buried her alive in a foxhole, covering the burial site with dirt and sheet metal. He then returned to his quarters at Fort Knox, where he subsequently burned his clothes in the furnace. Some time later, he was questioned by FBI agents in regards to Hall's disappearance, but was cleared when several of her friends claimed that they had supposedly seen her alive on that particular night. Thusly, Collins was let go, and even after Hall's body was discovered eight months later, her murder would remain unsolved for the time being. Attempted suicide, discharge and move to Washington As part of his tactics aviation course, Collins was transferred to Fort Sill, Oklahoma, with his family residing in nearby Walters. On January 6, 1954, he left behind a suicide letter and then went to the base's air field, where he stole a Cessna O-1 Bird Dog and lifted off. For the next few hours, he flew aimlessly around the area until he eventually crashed the plane near some train tracks in Temple. While the wreckage was quickly located by other officers, there was no immediate sign of Collins himself. Two days later, he surrendered himself at a police station in Dallas, Texas, and shortly after was detained at the Carswell Air Force Base. An investigation revealed that Collins had been picked up by a Walters resident and driven to Wichita Falls, who was told by Collins that he intended to travel to Galveston. After a medical examination concluded that he was sane and unharmed, Collins was transferred back to Fort Sill. When questioned about the incident, he reiterated that he initially wanted to commit suicide, but claimed that he had no idea what happened after the crash. As a result of this incident, he was dishonorably discharged and moved in with some relatives in Puyallup, Washington, who employed him at their dairy shop. On February 7, while at a filling station in Federal Way, Collins shot and killed 25-year-old attendant Edward Morley in an apparent hold-up, using a Japanese pistol he had taken as a trophy. On March 21, he went a motel in Milton and asked the proprietress, 67-year-old Anna Stolen, how much it would cost to stay overnight. After she told him it was $4, Collins told her it was too much and left. Some time later, he came back and knocked on the door, only to attack Stolen with a paring knife when she opened it. When she attempted to flee, Collins pulled out the katana he was carrying on his back and attacked her, severing one of her fingers. Her screams awoke her 74-year-old disabled husband, Andrew, who attempted to help her, only to be slashed to death. After killing Andrew, Collins went after Anna with his car, attempting to run her over. She managed to dodge his attack, causing him to turn towards the highway and flee. After the sheriffs arrived, Mrs. Stolengave a general description of her assailant and the last two digits of his car's license plate, which eventually led to Collins' arrest about an hour later. An inspection of his car uncovered the murder weapon and bloodied clothing, the stains of which were later linked to the crime scene. Trial, imprisonment and execution Shortly after his arrest, Collins admitted to killing Morley and attacking the Stolens, but claimed that he was not responsible for the Hall murder two years prior, pointing out that he had been cleared in that crime before. Per procedure, he was ordered to undergo a mental evaluation at a nearby psychiatric hospital to determine whether he was insane at the time of the crimes. Later that same day, after he was determined to be sane and was interrogated by FBI agents, Collins confessed to the Hall murder, explaining it in details that only the killer could have known. In response to the confessions, the prosecutor in charge of the Kentucky said that he would not bring charges against Collins, so long as his colleagues in Washington would seek the death penalty against the murderer. In response, Washington state prosecutor John O'Connell said that he would indeed pursue it, with the trial date set for June 27, 1955. To strengthen their case, he brought on two psychiatrists, Dr. Myron Kass and Harlan P. McNutt, who had previously examined Collins and had determined that he was sane at the time of the killings. In response, defense attorneys Andrew L. Garnes and J. Houston Vanzant, Jr. decided that they bar their client from taking the stand at his trial. Despite their best efforts, Collins was found guilty of the Stolen murder and sentenced to death. On September 18, Collins and six other inmates escaped from jail and went on the run, with Collins finding temporary refuge in the home of his childhood friend Dean Pitsch, who had testified in his defence at the trial. Two days later, however, he surrendered himself at the sheriff's office, claiming that he had "thought the situation through" and had decided to embrace his fate. Despite his wishes, his attorneys continued to appeal his sentence, only for it to be denied by the Supreme Court two years later. As a result, Collins' execution date was set for December 3, 1957. On the aforementioned date, Collins was hanged at the Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla. His final words were: "I ask forgiveness for everything I've done." See also Capital punishment in Washington (state) List of people executed in Washington List of serial killers in the United States External links FamilySearch State v. Collins (1957) References 1925 births 1957 deaths 20th-century American criminals American male criminals Male serial killers American serial killers American people convicted of murder People convicted of murder by Washington (state) 20th-century executions by Washington (state) Executed American serial killers People executed by Washington (state) by hanging People executed for murder Executed people from Washington (state) United States Marine Corps personnel of World War II United States Army soldiers Criminals from Oregon People from Portland, Oregon United States Marine Corps officers

69590462

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka%20movie%20theatre%20fire

Osaka movie theatre fire

The Osaka movie theatre fire took place on 1 October 2008, before dawn. As a result of an act of arson, sixteen victims died and nine were injured. Incident The fire took place at a pornographic video theatre in downtown Osaka. The business, called Cats, rented out 32 small rooms, which, the New York Times reported, cost $15 a night. There were 26 customers and three employees in the store when the fire began. Some 120 firefighters fought the blaze and extinguished it in 90 minutes. The theatre rooms, each equipped with a cot, were used as a cheap hotel by customers. The rooms in the video store were located in a narrow hallway with only a single exit via the reception. There were no sprinklers or smoke ventilation, and the video's manager turned off the alarm after the fire broke out as he thought it was a false alarm. Motive, trial, sentencing The perpetrator, Kazuhiro Ogawa, told police he started the fire after deciding to kill himself. But he got scared, and ran away as smoke filled his room. Ogawa said he was depressed because he was living on welfare and that he "thought my life would be meaningless". Despite initially admitting the allegations, Ogawa pleaded innocent saying "I did not commit arson" at his trial. Ogawa was sentenced to death in 2009. Ogawa's death sentence was upheld by the Osaka High Court in 2011. In 2014, the Supreme court rejected Ogawa's appeal, judge Tomoyuki Yokota stated that Ogawa's actions caused "an extremely large number of casualties is serious, and the impact and anxiety on society is great" and that "There is no reason to consider the motives and circumstances behind the decision to commit suicide." As of 2021, Ogawa awaits execution on death row. References 2008 crimes in Japan Arson in Japan

69591522

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWW%20%28film%29

WWW (film)

WWW: Who Where Why is a 2021 Indian Telugu-language computer screen thriller film written, directed by K. V. Guhan and produced by Dr.Ravi Prasad Raju Datla under Ramantra Creations banner. It stars Adith Arun and Shivani Rajashekar while Satyam Rajesh and Priyadarshi play supporting roles. The film's scrore and soundtrack is composed by Simon K. King. WWW is markerted as the first computer screen film in Telugu cinema. The plot follows a few friends from different cities who meet on video conferencing but one of them is threatened to be murdered. The film was partially reshot in Tamil with Sathish and Rajkumar replacing Rajesh and Priyadarshi. It was released on 24 December 2021 on the streaming service SonyLIV. Plot Four friends—Vishwa, Ashraf, Sadha, and Christy—who live in different cities of India are criminals involved in cybercrime. They hack computers for money in video conferencing. Mitra, a painter, joins Christy's room as her flatmate. Vishwa then recommends a job for Mitra's brother which makes her happy and both become friends. She explains that her father lost his job because of the false blame of erasing all important data. Vishwa then feels bad as he was the one behind it. Slowly, Vishwa starts loving her and decides to propose. After his proposal, Mitra accepts his love by gifting him a painting. When they are about to meet all flights get cancelled due to the lockdown. Then after they both have decided never to hang up the video call. Things change when an unknown man attacks Mitra and Christy. He stabs Christy and ties Mitra to a chair. Vishwa who was seeing it all gets tensed and pleads to the man not to harm them. But the man threatens to kill them if Vishwa doesn't obey his words. He asks Vishwa to reveal his original identity of him to Mitra. The man then asks to reveal the identity of his friends Sadha and Ashraf but he initially refuses. The man then tries to kill Mitra. Vishwa with no other option left reveals their identity. The man then sends their identity to Khan (a cyber security officer). Vishwa also sends a secret message along with the identity. With that Khan sees that Mitra is in danger so he goes to the location sent to arrest the unknown man. The man then tells why he was doing this. He reveals that he had developed a game by selling everything he had. It is told that Vishwa hacks the game and sells the data to a big company. He says that his wife had committed suicide and he wanted Vishwa to face the pain that he was facing so he tries to kill Mitra. Soon, Khan comes to rescue Mitra and Christy and arrests the man. In the end, Vishwa and his friends start working for the police while Mitra and Vishwa get married and are expecting a baby. Cast Adith Arun as Vishwa Shivani Rajashekar as Mitra Sandeep Bhardwaj as Sandeep Riyaz Khan as Khan Satyam Rajesh as Sada (Telugu) / Sathish (Tamil) Priyadarshi as Ashraf (Telugu) / Rajkumar (Tamil) Divya Sripada as Christie Viva Harsha Vennela Ramarao Production WWW is a bilingual film produced in Telugu and Tamil by Dr. Ravi Prasad Raju Datla under the banner of RAMANTRA Creations. WWW was shot as a computer screen film in Hyderabad and Chennai. It was filmed during the COVID-19 lockdown in India and completed in January 2021. The film is presented by D. Suresh Babu of Suresh Productions. Music The soundtrack album consists of four songs, all composed by Simon K. King, and released on Aditya Music. Reception Calling it an "engaging tale," Prakash Pecheti of Telangana Today wrote: "KV Guhan, who made his mark with his debut flick 118, yet again shows his skill as a storyteller with a screenplay that is taut." Praising the performances, reviewer from Sakshi Post said: "Arun Adith steals the show with his stellar performance in the film. Shivani Rajasekhar's charm lies in her innocent appearance and her impeccable performance which makes the film an endearing watch." The Times of India critic Thadhagath Pathi rated the film 2.5/5 and wrote, "WWW tries to be fresh in its attempt but it’s a major let-down. Director KV Guhan could’ve pulled off this one better." 123telugu.com stated: "WWW is a cybercrime thriller with a decent backdrop. However, logicless scenes, slow narration, and lack of depth in emotions take the film down in no time." Aithagoni Raju of Asianet News Network appreciated the novel attempt by Guhan but opined that the screenplay and pacing could've been better. A critic writing for Eenadu opined that barring a few good sequences, the film failed to impress. On contrary, News18 Telugu Kiran Kumar Thanjavur praised the film, direction and performances, calling it a "must-watch." References External links 2020s Telugu-language films 2021 direct-to-video films 2021 thriller films Films not released in theaters due to the COVID-19 pandemic Films set in Chennai Films set in Hyderabad, India Films shot in Chennai Films shot in Hyderabad, India Indian direct-to-video films Indian thriller films

69591715

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andriy%20Maryanovych%20Levus

Andriy Maryanovych Levus

Andriy Maryanovich Levus (born August 9, 1979, Stryi, Lviv Region) is a public and political figure, head of the Maidan Self-Defense Command (2013–2014), and deputy head of the SBU (February 26 – November 24, 2014). People's Deputy of Ukraine of the VIII convocation, where he was the chairman of the subcommittee on state security of the Verkhovna Rada Committee on National Security and Defense. Chairman of the Board of the public organization "Free People". Education He graduated from Stryj Secondary School on March 3, 2002. He graduated from the Faculty of History of Lviv University. Frank. Career Since 2002 he has worked as a history and law teacher at the high school where he studied before. During the 2004 presidential election, he headed Viktor Yushchenko's headquarters in his homeland. He headed the local headquarters of the "Our Ukraine" party. He later worked for a local newspaper. He headed the Ukrainian Information Service (press service of the Ukrainian World Congress). In 2007–2012 he was an assistant to the People's Deputy of Ukraine Andriy Parubiy. In 2012 he took an active part in the parliamentary election campaign in the Ternopil region, in the Zboriv district he headed the headquarters of the candidate Valentyna Nalyvaichenko. In 2013–2014 he was an active participant in protests, head of the Maidan Self-Defense Commandant's Office. In February 2014, he was appointed Deputy Chairman of the Security Service of Ukraine Valentyn Nalyvaichenko. He was involved in personnel changes, assistance to anti-terrorist operation participants, and the release of hostages. He was responsible for the Department of Information Security, the Department of Information and Analytical Support. On November 24, Levus was dismissed by President Petro Poroshenko. Deputy activity From autumn 2014 to August 29, 2019 – People's Deputy of the 8th convocation from the "Popular Front party". Member of the Popular Front faction, chairman of the subcommittee on state security of the Committee on National Security and Defense. Member of the inter-factional anti-occupation association "Offensive". According to Levus, the main task of this association is to cleanse the "Russian world". He is the author of a number of bills on the imposition of sanctions against persons who threaten the national security of Ukraine; on restricting the use of media products of the Russian Federation and the state language; on measures to protect national interests, national security, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, countering terrorist activities; on defense capability and reserve army; on the special status of the UOC(MP) and a number of others. Persecution in Russia The Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation has opened a criminal case against Levus and other deputies, Yuri Bereza and Igor Mosiychuk, who commented on the events in Grozny on December 4, 2014, when a group of Chechens attacked a traffic police post and then hid in the Press House. According to the agency's website, "Bereza, Levus and Mosiychuk made statements justifying the crimes committed on December 4, 2014 in the city of Grozny, and with the help of the media called for similar crimes in Russia." References External link 1997 births Living people Ukrainian politicians

69592179

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jersey%20City%20Police%20Memorial

Jersey City Police Memorial

The Jersey City Police Memorial is a tribute to the fallen officers of Jersey City Police Department located on Montgomery Street near City Hall in Jersey City, New Jersey. Statue The work was created in 1936 by Archimedes Giacomantonio. The polished bronze and iron statue depicts a police office standing in uniform with his right hand on his holster and his left holding his jacket lapel. The figure is a composite of two Jersey City officers who modelled for the artist. Bayview Cemetery The work was originally installed in Bayview – New York Bay Cemetery in 1936 in a dedication ceremony led by Mayor of Jersey City Frank Hague. A granite cube 4 feet square pedestal is inscribed "IN MEMORY OF THE DECEASED MEMBERS OF THE JERSEY CITY POLICE DEPARTMENT ERECTED BY THEIR COMRADES 1936 FRANK HAGUE MAYOR THOMAS J. WOLFE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC SAFETY". In 1961 the statue was stolen and retrieved. In 1975, the memorial was again stolen. It was cut into pieces and almost sold for scrap. The pieces were found in various locations. City Hall The statue was restored by the original artist and relocated to new pedestal built at new site at the rear side of Jersey City City Hall and rededicated in 1976. On the mortared stone pedestal: "IN MEMORY OF DECEASED MEMBERS OF THE JERSEY CITY POLICE". See also List of public art in Jersey City, New Jersey References External links Photograph 1974 Blog Monuments and memorials in New Jersey Outdoor sculptures in New Jersey Public art in Jersey City, New Jersey Sculptures of men in New Jersey Statues in New Jersey

69593639

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder%20of%20Dexmon%20Chua

Murder of Dexmon Chua

Dexmon Chua Yizhi (蔡谊志 Caì Yìzhì; – 28 December 2013) was a material analyst and Singaporean who was brutally murdered in Singapore by his former girlfriend's husband Chia Kee Chen (谢其晋 Xiè Qíjìn), who craved revenge on Chua for having an affair with his wife and thus gathered two people to help him abduct and kill Chua. The manner of his death was due to a grievous assault that caused severe fatal injuries. Dexmon Chua was 37 years old when he died at Lim Chu Kang on 28 December 2013. Despite being found guilty of capital murder, Chia Kee Chen was initially sentenced to life imprisonment in 2017, before the highest court of Singapore passed the death penalty on Chia in 2018. Chia's best friend and accomplice Chua Leong Aik (蔡良益 Caì Liángyì) was jailed five years for abetting the abduction while the final accomplice, Indonesian Febri Irwansyah Djatmiko, was never arrested and charged as he fled from Singapore and hid in Indonesia. Murder and background On 28 December 2013, 53-year-old Singaporean businessman Chia Kee Chen, together with his 31-year-old Indonesian employee Febri Irwansyah Djatmiko (born 25 February 1982) and Singaporean Chua Leong Aik (Chia's best friend) kidnapped 37-year-old Dexmon Chua Yizhi from a carpark in Choa Chu Kang, and they dragged him inside their van, which they earlier borrowed from an acquaintance of Chia's. On the way, when Chua Leong Aik was driving the car, both Chia and Febri electrocuted and grievously assaulted the victim until he died. The attack was so severe that there were severe fractures to the face, jaw and eye socket, and the whole van had blood smeared all over the ceiling. Later, Chia and Febri abandoned Dexmon Chua's dead body in the SAFTI Live Firing Area at Murai Park Avenue, and they spent an hour cleaning up the whole van in Chia's fish farm before returning it. The police later received a report from Dexmon Chua's family, who reported him missing. Prior to the cold-blooded murder, in November 2012, Chia, who also owned a fish farm in Indonesia, discovered that his 47-year-old wife Serene Goh Yen Hoon was having an affair with the victim Dexmon Chua (who was Goh's colleague), and at Chia's demands, Mdm Goh ended the affair, which she first started with Dexmon Chua in July 2011 after the latter began to regularly send her back home from work. In February 2013, Chia discovered a Chinese New Year greeting mistakenly sent to his wife by Dexmon Chua over WhatsApp, which made him enraged. He subsequently made threatening calls to the murdered victim and stalked him twice throughout the year 2013 until Christmas Eve, he finally hatched a revenge plan to kill Dexmon Chua, which he planned together with Febri and Chua Leong Aik. Chia told Febri (who helped Chia run his Indonesian fish farm) that he should come to Singapore to help kill him someone who had raped his wife and that if it was successful, Chia would set up a business for him in Tanjung Pinang. After the murder, Chia went for a holiday trip to Malaysia with his wife and two daughters (then aged 18 and 22 respectively) while taking the chance to help Febri to flee the country. Due to police investigations, Chia was identified and arrested on 31 December 2013 upon his return to Singapore. The next day, after leading the police to where he disposed the dead victim's body, Chia was charged with murder and placed under remand pending his trial. 64-year-old Chua Leong Aik, who acted as the driver, was subsequently arrested on 9 January 2014 and charged with murder as well. The Singapore Police Force also placed Febri's name on the wanted list. Interpol has also issued a red notice for Febri's arrest, and Febri became one of the fugitives on the top of Interpol's wanted list. Later, Febri was located by Indonesian authorities in Bintan and he was taken into custody, but due to the fact that there was no extradition treaty between Indonesia and Singapore, Febri will not be taken back to Singapore for trial; however, his police statements will be given to the court during Chia's upcoming murder trial. Trial of Chua Leong Aik Eventually, some time after he was charged, Chua Leong Aik's murder charge was reduced to abduction and causing grievous hurt. Nearly two years later, on 8 January 2016, Chua Leong Aik pleaded guilty to helping both Chia and Febri to abduct and assault the victim. During mitigation, Chua Leong Aik's defence lawyer James Ow Yong asked for a jail term of four years, arguing that his client, who has two children aged seven and two in Indonesia after he remarried, was mostly a law-abiding citizen. He also noted that Chua Leong Aik had nothing to gain and was trying to help a friend, and thus played a minimal role in the entire incident. Deputy Public Prosecutor Tan Wen Hsien, who pressed for a five-year sentence, however rebutted that Chua Leong Aik had the knowledge that a possibly vicious attack on a stranger would be conducted, given his awareness of the weapons that were used, hence dismissing his supposed minimal role in the crime. In his judgement, Senior Judge Kan Ting Chiu admonished Chua Leong Aik for his lack of remorse and not stopping the assault. He stated that Chua was not an instigtor, but he did nothing to intervene, and he had denied his role or knowledge relating to the murder at the first moment he was arrested. Justice Kan thus ordered Chua Leong Aik to serve five years in prison, which was the exact sentence sought by the prosecution. Chua Leong Aik was released from prison latest since 2021. Trial of Chia Kee Chen High Court verdict Chia Kee Chen was brought to trial in the High Court of Singapore for murder on 25 October 2016. The charge of murder Chia faced was not of intentional murder, which is solely punishable by death. Rather, the charge of murder Chia faced dictates an offence of murder with an intention to fatally injure a person and cause death. This type of murder with no intention to kill warrants either life imprisonment or the death penalty if found guilty. In the trial, both Chia's wife and Chua Leong Aik testified against Chia. Despite the prosecution's case and incriminating evidence against him, Chia denied in his trial that he did the abduction out of revenge for the affair Dexmon Chua had with his wife, and even denied having taken part in the assault. Having cited that he have another wife and three more children in Indonesia, Chia stated that having affairs are "very common in Singapore", and he also stated he naturally felt enraged as a man if his wife have an affair. He also pushed the blame on a Malaysian man named "Ali", who did most of the harm and damage on the victim with Febri's help during the assault. He stated that he abducted Dexmon Chua for allegedly filming his wife having sex with the victim and had wanted to retrieve the tapes to protect his wife's dignity, and had never thought of revenge against Dexmon Chua. In turn, the prosecution argued that Chia was lying in his account in the court and fabricated the existence of his fourth accomplice Ali, pointing out that both Febri and Chua Leong Aik did not tell the police about the participation of Ali in their kidnapping plan, and it was puzzling that Ali could not be contacted by phone but appeared in the accused's account at convenient moments. They stated that Chia had clearly told police in his account on the manner of how he used the hammer to hit Dexmon Chua and he had clearly participated in the assault, with the inference from the unwashed blood patterns that the forensic experts discovered inside their borrowed van. They also pointed out that Chia had the motive to attack Dexmon Chua since he has ill-feelings against the 37-year-old man for the affair. The trial concluded on 3 November 2016 after it lasted for seven days in the High Court. On 17 January 2017, Chia's defences were all rejected by High Court judge Choo Han Teck, who found Chia guilty of murder under Section 300(c) of the Penal Code. In convicting Chia, Justice Choo Han Teck noted that Chia had intentionally assaulted the victim together with Febri with the common intention to cause the fatal injuries on the victim, and labelled him as an "unreliable witness", since he made many contradictions in his account which only corroborated his guilt. He also rejected that there was a fourth man named Ali who helped assault Dexmon Chua, since Chia did not make any mention of Ali in his police statements, and Chia played the most critical role in the case since he was the one with the motive and hatred for Dexmon Chua. Sentencing for Chia was postponed till a later date. The prosecution, led by DPP Tan Wen Hsien, sought the death penalty on account of the brutal and bloody nature of Dexmon Chua's murder and the cruel, savage and callous execution of Chia's fatal assault on the victim. DPP Tan even argued in her submissions that Chia had an utter lack of remorse for his actions and had acted in a calm and collected manner during the killing, which made it more appropriate for Chia to serve a death sentence. They also pointed out that he only confessed to using a hammer to hit Dexmon Chua ten days after the murder. The defence, led by defence lawyer Anand Nalachandran, argued for life imprisonment as there was no conclusive evidence that Chia planned to murder Dexmon Chua. He also argued that there was only a plan to abduct, not to kill the victim, in contrast to Febri's account (which he made to the Indonesian police) which detailed a murder plan. Anand said Febri's account was "self-serving" and should not be accepted, which is moreover so with its inconsistency to Chua Leong Aik's account of a non-fatal kidnap plot. The defence counsel also tried to claim Chia to have suffered from a mental disorder and had impaired responsibility to avoid capital punishment, which the prosecution rejected due to Chia being certified as mentally sound and normal prior to the trial. On 4 August 2017, Chia was sentenced to life imprisonment, which fell short of the maximum penalty of death the prosecution was seeking for, because Justice Choo stated in his brief oral judgement (which was not published) that there is a possibility that Febri may have inflicted the fatal blow even though Chia had the motive and intention to kill, and the murder charge which Chia faced was under Section 300(c) of the Penal Code instead of Section 300(a) (under which the death penalty is mandatory if found guilty), which was why he decided to not pass a death sentence on Chia. The sentence was backdated to 1 January 2014, the date Chia was first remanded. Prosecution's appeal and death sentence After the conclusion of the trial, the prosecution, which was now led by DPP Hri Kumar Nair, appealed for the death penalty, and hence, after hearing the appeal, the Court of Appeal unanimously allowed the appeal on 27 June 2018 and raised Chia's life sentence to death, condemning him to hang on a later date for Dexmon Chua's murder. The Court of Appeal, in sentencing Chia to death, citing the guiding principles set by the 2015 landmark appeal of the Kho Jabing case, stated that the unremorseful Chia had "exhibited such viciousness and such a blatant disregard for the life of the deceased, and are so grievous an affront to humanity and so abhorrent that the death penalty is the appropriate, indeed the only adequate sentence", given that he masterminded the abduction out of revenge for his wife's adultery, shown a high degree of premeditation and planning. They also dismissed his psychiatric report of diminished responsibility, since there is no contributory link between the offence and the alleged major depressive disorder, and it also lacked reason and only contained ambiguity. The three-judge panel, led by Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon, also cited that although it may be true that Febri could have inflicted the fatal injuries, he did so under Chia's directions and Chia himself not only do not tell Febri to stop the assault, but joined in the attack. Before his arrest, Chia even calmly went for a holiday trip to Malaysia with his wife and two daughters while taking the chance to help Febri to flee the country. Also, they pointed out that in his first statements to the police, Chia voiced to the police interrogators that his only regret in this case was not giving Dexmon Chua more suffering before his unfortunate death, showing that he was not remorseful at all for killing Dexmon Chua. CJ Menon, who read out the judgement he made together with two other judges Judith Prakash and Tay Yong Kwang, said in his own words regarding Chia's role, "One who hires an assassin to kill another or who otherwise controls a killer, cannot be less culpable than the one who does the killing." Additionally, Chia's appeal against his conviction was dismissed by the same three judges. Aftermath When her daughter informed her that her son's killer was sentenced to death, Dexmon Chua's elderly mother made a comment in Chinese, "Justice is finally served for my son, but my beloved son will never come back to life anymore." She described her son, who was the second of her three children, as a filial and dutiful son who cared about his parents and always buy his parents' favourite snacks for them to eat. She described her son's death as a huge blow for her, and she took it very badly when she heard that Chia was sentenced to life imprisonment instead of death. Dexmon Chua's mother had earlier begged for the prosecution to argue for the death penalty in their appeal against Chia's life term. The family of Dexmon Chua also earlier told the press that they were not aware of Dexmon Chua's relationship with Chia's wife. The case of Chia Kee Chen's death sentence would be a landmark appeal that influenced other murder cases', as it gave way to more sentencing guidelines relating to murder under the death penalty laws of Singapore. Notably, in the case of Leslie Khoo Kwee Hock, who allegedly killed his girlfriend Cui Yajie, the High Court's judge Audrey Lim compared the case of Khoo with Chia's case, stating that Khoo did not premeditate the murder and his conduct, at the court's most anxious consideration, did not show any viciousness or blatant disregard for human life and hence, Khoo was sentenced to life imprisonment and escaped the gallows on 19 August 2019. Since then, it is possible that Chia Kee Chen was hanged sometime since 2018. Febri remained on the run as of today. See also Capital punishment in Singapore List of major crimes in Singapore (before 2000) List of major crimes in Singapore (2000–present) List of cases affected by the Kho Jabing case Kho Jabing References Capital punishment in Singapore Murder in Singapore 2010s murders in Singapore 2013 crimes in Singapore

69594194

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razarudin%20Husain

Razarudin Husain

Dato' Razarudin bin Husain (Jawi: رزارالدين ابن حسين; born 15 March 1963) is Malaysian police officer who has served as Deputy Inspector-General of Police since December 2021. Career Razarudin Husain joined the Police Force on 1982. During his service, he had served Deputy Commander of Special Task Force On Organised Crime (STAFOC), Sabah Deputy Police Commissioner, Perak Deputy Police Chief, Perak Police Chief and Director of Bukit Aman Narcotics Crime Investigation Department. On 22 Dec 2021, he was appointed as Deputy Inspector-General of Police, replacing Mazlan Lazim who retired 25 December 2021. Honours : Knight Companion of the Order of the Crown of Pahang (DIMP) – Dato' (2013) : Knight Commander of the Order of Taming Sari (DPTS) – Dato' Pahlawan (2020) Commander of the Order of Kinabalu (PGDK) - Datuk (2021) Royal Malaysia Police : Courageous Commander of the Most Gallant Police Order (PGPP) (2021) References 1963 births Living people Malaysian people of Malay descent Malaysian Muslims Malaysian police officers People from Selangor Commanders of the Order of Kinabalu National University of Malaysia alumni

69594632

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1985%20Thai%20coup%20d%27%C3%A9tat%20attempt

1985 Thai coup d'état attempt

The 1985 Thai military coup attempt was a military coup attempt against the government of Prem Tinsulanonda, by former Thai military leaders on 9 September 1985, but a counter-coup by Prem government in the morning led to surrender of the coup forces. Background On 1 April 1981, military leaders of Class 7 led by San Jitpathima, deputy commander-in-chief of the army, staged a coup and calling themself 'Revolutional Council', to consolidate power the government of Prem Tinsulanonda. Prem went to army base outside of Bangkok with Thai Royal Family, included King Bhumibol Adulyadej and setup counter-coup with an assistance from Arthit Kamlang-ek. The influence of Royal Family helped Prem to get support from the second, third and forth regional armies, the Royal Thai Navy, and the Royal Thai Air Force. The 21st Infantry Regiment, the Queen guards, secretly entered Bangkok on 3 April and arrested coup attempt leaders. The attempt of Arthit made him a prominent player in Thai politics. In 1982, Arthit became commander-in-chief of the army, and in 1983, chief of Royal Thai Armed Forces, highest position in Thai military, as Arthit had supported Prem since 1970s. Arthit led military Class 5 replaced Class 7 as the most powerful supporter of Prem, however discord between Arthit and Prem started in 1983. Thai military factions were in disharmony involving Chavalit Yongchaiyudh of Class 1 and Pichit Kullawanit of Class 2. On 19 March 1983, amid coup rumor, The army forced Prem to dissolve the parliament. Prelude Prem reinstated his premier on 18 April 1983, after Kukrit Pramoj of Social Action Party won the 1983 Thai general election. Prem was still backed by Arthit, whom also backed by Royal Elephant group, included Chavalit, Pichit, and Phiraphon Sanphakphisut of Class 1, Class 2, and Class 17. Class 5 leaders got a promotion in order to nullify Class 7 leaders that acted on the 1981 Thai military rebellion. Amid an internal friction because the relation between Arthit and Prem had been worsen. There had been a race to get the promotion to the chief of forces as Arthit successor. The candidates were Chavalit and Pichit. Under Chavalit lead of Communist insurgency war, the Royal Thai Police arrested former 22 Communist Party members in July 1984, and Sulak Sivaraksa on lèse-majesté charge. Chavalit was blamed for the arrest, not following the communist amnesty law, the Order 66/2523. These movements were intend to discredit Chavalit by Pichit and Phiraphon side. On 3 September 1984, King Bhumibol Adulyadej sanctioned on a military promotion, in which Pichit lost the commander position of 1st Division army, Sunthorn Kongsompong of Class 1 was promoted to commander of Royal Thai Army Special Warfare Command to hold the balance of power against Pichit, and Class 5 group who close to Chavalit, such as Suchinda Kraprayoon was promoted to 1st Division army instead to check against Pichit. On 15 September 1984, the police arrested Manoonkrit Roopkachorn, coup attempted leader, and Bunlasak Phojaroen of Class 7 on charges of attempted assassination of Queen Sirikit, Prem, and Arthit in 1982. Later with the assist from Phichit and Phiraphon, they were released with the help from Queen Sirikit and Crowd Prince Vajiralongkorn. Prajak Sawangjit of Class 7 condemned the conflict between Prem-Chavalit and Arthit-Pichit, claimed the arrest were staged by Class 5 against Class 7. On 6 November 1984, Arthit made a televised condemnation of Prem government's currency devaluation policy. Arthit faction planned a coup but later was subdued by Prem. Before that, Prem showed he got a support from the palace, by spending ten days with Thai Royal Family, included King Bhumibol Adulyadej in a palace in Sakon Nakhon province from 16 to 25 November. Prem announced on 15 April 1985 that Arthit would be extended his position to 1986. Coup On 9 September 1985, Class 7 leaders led by Manoonkrit Roopkachorn and Manus Roopkachorn staged a coup and calling themself 'Revolutionary Council'. Manoonkrit and Manus led 500 of 4th cavalry battalion and the ground forces of the air force to hold strategic locations. They captured chief of the Royal Thai Air Force at his home and took custody of three deputy of the Royal Thai Armed Forces, who came in the headquarter early. Serm Na Nakhorn, a former supreme commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces and a former army chief, headed the Revolutionary Council broadcast on TV that they had seized the government. Later Kriangsak Chamanan, a former prime minister, and Yot Thephatsadin, a former deputy army chief, joined the group. The reasons of the coup were weak leadership of Prem and a failure of economic policy. The government prepared an anti-coup at 6:00 am, even King Bhumibol Adulyadej was at a palace in the southern Thailand, Prem was in Indonesia, and Arthit was in Sweden. Thienchai Sirisamphan, a deputy army chief, led the government side, urged the coup forces to surrender through radio station which left unoccupied by the coup forces. Leaders of the coup eventually surrender by negotiating to allow Manoonkrit and Manus fleeing the country. See also 1981 Thai military rebellion 1991 Thai coup d'état References Citations Sources Rebellion Rebellion Attempted coups in Thailand Thailand Thai rebellion rebellion Thai

69594834

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardo%20Oreja%20El%C3%B3segui

Ricardo Oreja Elósegui

Ricardo Oreja Elósegui (1890-1974) was a Spanish Traditionalist politician. Initially in the Carlist ranks, he then joined the breakaway Mellistas, briefly engaged in Partido Social Popular, joined the primoderiverista state party Unión Patriótica, returned to Carlism within Comunión Tradicionalista and eventually settled in Francoist structures. He served in the Cortes during two terms between 1920 and 1923, and then during 5 terms between 1952 and 1965. In 1924-1927 he was the civil governor of the Santander province. In 1938 he formed part of the Gipuzkoan Comisión Gestora. In 1948-1954 he served one term in the Madrid city council, during some time as teniente de alcalde. In 1951-1965 he was sub-secretary in the Ministry of Justice. In 1934-1955 he presided over a large Gipuzkoan metalworking company, Unión Cerrajera. Family and youth According to one source the Oreja family originated from Orexa, a mountainous hamlet in the province of Gipuzkoa; according to another they were related to Arribe-Atallu, a neighboring small municipality in Navarre. None of the sources consulted provides information on Ricardo's distant ancestors. His paternal grandfather Martin Oreja Arzadun served as a rural physician; in the mid-19th century he was recorded in the Gipuzkoan branch of Sociedad Mutua General de Socorros Mutuos but was noted also as related to Amoroto (Biscay) and Lanciego (Álava). His son and the father of Ricardo, Basilio Oreja Echániz (1851-1914), was also a doctor; at least since the late 1870s he settled in the Biscay town of Ibarrangelu and in the early 20th century he served as its mayor. At unspecified time but prior to 1878 he married Cecilia Elósegui Ayala (born 1853), a girl from Villafranca de Ordizia and descendant to a much branched Gipuzkoan family. The couple had 6 children, born between 1878 and 1891, but 2 siblings perished in early infancy. Ricardo was born as the second youngest child. It is not clear where the young Ricardo received his school education. In 1908 latest he enrolled in law at the University of Valladolid, but in 1910 he was noted as resident in Madrid. He was an excellent student and in 1912 he obtained Premio Montalbán. He graduated at Universidad Central in 1912. The same year he was admitted to the civil service entrance examination leading to the title of Abogado del Estado, but there was no follow up during the next few years. In 1916 he again entered the examination process, passed to successive stages and was eventually nominated the state lawyer; he ranked 18th on the list, topped by José Calvo Sotelo. He assumed an unspecified law position in Madrid, and in 1919 moved to another unspecified legal job, possibly in Direccion General de Prisiones. In 1920 he was admitted to Colegio de Abogados of San Sebastián and in 1921 he was admitted to Colegio de Abogados of Madrid. In 1919 Oreja married María del Carmen Aspiunza García (died 1938), descendant to a Madrid bourgeoisie family originated from Amurrio. The couple settled in the capital. They had one child, Fernando Oreja Aspiunza (born 1925); he made his name as a surgeon, holding high positions in orthopedic association SECOT. None of 4 grandchildren from the Oreja Igartúa family became a public figure; most landed jobs in business. Oreja's older brother Benigno Oreja Elósegui emerged as the Spanish urology pioneer and served many years in the Francoist Cortes. The younger brother Marcelino Oreja Elósegui was active as a businessman; killed by revolted workers he became one of the best-known victims of the 1934 revolution. His son and Ricardo's nephew, Marcelino Oreja Aguirre, was foreign minister in the late 1970s, secretary of Council of Europe in the 1980s and EU commissioner in the 1990s. Ricardo's grand-nephews, Marcelino Oreja Arburúa and Jaime Mayor Oreja, are also recognized PP politicians. Late Restoration Political preferences of Oreja's ancestors are not clear, though all 3 brothers engaged in Carlism. Already during his academic years in Valladolid and in Madrid the young Ricardo was active in the movement, e.g. delivering lectures in local círculos or speaking during rallies like Fiesta de los Martires de la Tradición. In the 1910s the party was increasingly divided between supporters of the claimant Don Jaime and followers of the key theorist, Juan Vázquez de Mella; the points of contention were the question of broad right-wing alliances and Spanish stand during the First World War. All Oreja brothers tended to side with de Mella; when in 1919 the conflict erupted into an open confrontation they decided to abandon the dynastic Jaimista discipline and followed de Mella to build an own organisation. Before any de Mella party materialized, in 1920 Oreja fielded his candidature to the Cortes. He stood in the Gipuzkoan district of Tolosa and initially was referred to as a Basque nationalist; only later he was identified as a traditionalist of the Mellista breed. The grouping enjoyed much influence in the province and there was no counter-candidate standing; Oreja was declared victorious according to notorious Article 29 and entered the legislative as one of two Mellistas. His known activity in the chamber was mostly about the Gipuzkoan paper industry; he advanced its interests with the Diputación and ministerial offices. In 1921 he remained enthusiastic about de Mella and prospects of the party; Oreja accompanied his leader in Madrid and on tours in Catalonia. However, at the time the Mellista structures remained feeble and the movement was influenced by Víctor Pradera, who advocated an alternative, minimalist alliance strategy. Oreja was increasingly bewildered. It is not clear whether he took part in the grand Asamblea de Zaragoza of 1922, already controlled by the Praderistas; representatives of “mellismo ortodoxo” accused him of “imprudencia política tradicionalista”. At the time Oreja was leaning towards another initiative, formatted as an attempt to launch a Christian-democratic party. Having obtained Pradera's authorization in early 1923 Oreja co-founded Partido Social Popular; together with Salvador Minguijón, Angel Ossorio Gallardo and Manuel Simó he entered its Directorio. In 1923 he renewed his bid for the Cortes mandate; he again stood in Tolosa and again emerged victorious, running on a broad traditionalist ticket; in the chamber he was one of two deputies still associated with increasingly shadowy Mellismo. With other PSP leaders he launched a campaign for fundamental change of the regime, which amounted to doing away with the allegedly obsolete restauración system; in a series of manifestos they advocated proportional electoral system, reform of municipal self-government, and a Catalan autonomy statute. Confronting large sections of the public, they also voiced against the protracted military campaign in Morocco and demanded Spanish withdrawal from the war-engulfed region. Dictatorship During first weeks following the Primo de Rivera coup Oreja and the PSP leaders remained cautiously supportive of the new military regime. Their manifesto welcomed the dismantling of inefficient, corrupted liberal regime and repeated all earlier reform proposals, accompanied by some new points like institutional support for small property, both urban and rural. In December 1923 the general PSP assembly openly declared full co-operation with directorio militar and proclaimed that support for Primo was a measure of patriotism. However, the dictatorship introduced legislation which rendered regular party activity impossible and PSP operations came to a halt. In mid-1924 Oreja was already noted speaking at rallies of the emergent state quasi-party, Unión Patriótica. He went on with his abogado job, e.g. representing mining companies; he might have been also involved in setup of emerging telecommunications services. In late 1924 Oreja was first admitted by Alfonso XIII and then nominated civil governor of the Santander province. He served at this role for 26 months, until early 1927. Little is known of his tenure; in historiography it did not attract attention, while contemporary press reported mostly routine duties. Apart from usual admin tasks he was noted as engaged in primoderiverista propaganda and remained busy building the Union Patriótica structures in Cantabria; by virtue of his governor role he presided over the provincial Caridad de Santander. Newspapers hailed him as the administrator who enforced high moral standards and fought pornography. Oreja enjoyed excelled relations with the court and was twice admitted by the ruler in 1926. His photos were published in numerous magazines when in 1926 Alfonso XIII inaugurated the automated Telefónica Nacional phone switchboard by placing a call to Oreja's office in Santander. When in 1927 Oreja was released from the governor post the press speculated that he would assume some prestigious position in Asamblea Nacional Consultiva, sort of primoderiverista quasi-parliament; however, nothing is known of his appointment. The same year he tried to set up Reformatorio de Menores, a corrective institution for the youth, and started gathering funds, yet it is not clear whether the project bore any fruit. In 1928 he entered executive board of a construction company Agróman, co-founded by his brother Marcelino and specialized in governmental contracts. Some sources claim he was engaged in Sociedad de Estudios Vascos, the institution which promoted Basque culture. Politically he cultivated the Mellista link and approached the circle of Pemán. Following the fall of Primo in 1930 Oreja engaged in Unión Monárquica Nacional, formed part of its secretariado and spoke at some UMN rallies, e.g. in Bilbao. The dictablanda regime initially intended to organize general elections; in early 1931 Oreja was rumored to stand in Tolosa and to compete against a Jaimista candidate, Roman Oyarzun. Republic Following the fall of the monarchy and emergence of the republic Oreja initially remained on the sidelines of national politics. Unión Monárquica Nacional disintegrated and some of its leaders went on exile; there is no information either on further Oreja engagements in UMN or on his standing in the general elections of June 1931. His only known public role was the leading position in Asociación de Padres de Familia, a lay Catholic pressure group. He presided over numerous meetings, also beyond Madrid, and delivered lectures on dangers of secularization, advanced by the republican government. In practice this campaign boiled down to defense of Catholic schools, incompatible with the new constitution and supposed to disappear. In 1932 Oreja was together with his brother Marcelino – at the time the Cortes deputy - ridiculed by the progressist press as a die-hard reactionary. After the 1934 assassination of Marcelino Oreja Ricardo provided the account of the event to the press; his communications were very matter-of-fact and he refrained from an emotional, vengeful tone. Ricardo replaced the late Marcelino as business executive in Agróman, though also in Unión Cerrajera, one of the largest Gipuzkoan companies, based in Mondragón; Marcelino had earlier married a daughter of its manager and in the early 1930s he had assumed top administrative duties in Unión himself. The company specialized in metalworking; in 1934 Ricardo assumed presidency of its Consejo de Administración, though daily management of the company was with his brother-in-law José María Agirre Isasi. First confirmed information on Oreja's return to Carlist engagements is from 1935; early that year he took part in a mass in Madrid, which was about dedication of Secretariado de los Diputados Tradicionalistas to the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Few months later he was noted as far as on Balearic Islands on a Carlist propaganda tour, speaking along such party activists like Luis Arellano, José Lamamie de Clairac and Tomas Quint Zaforteza, and in October numerous traditionalists accompanied him during a mass on a first anniversary of Marcelino's death. In early 1936 Oreja was already regularly engaged in Comunión Tradicionalista events. During general elections of February he appeared as a CT candidate within a joint monarchist alliance of Candidatura Contrarrevolucionaria in Gipuzkoa. The list did well, with slightly less votes than the leading PNV one; with 44,769 votes Oreja was the third most-voted candidate in the province. Due to electoral stalemate between PNV, CCR and Frente Popular no list was declared victorious and the second round was needed. However, for reasons which are not clear the monarchists withdrew from the race. Civil War None of the sources consulted provides information whether Oreja was engaged in the Carlist conspiracy against the republic or whether he was active during the July coup. It is neither clear whether at the outbreak of the Civil War he resided in Vascongadas or in Madrid; it is known that his wife was trapped in the capital. Gipuzkoa was seized by the Nationalists in the late summer of 1936, but there is no data on Oreja until the spring of 1937. In late May of that year the Popular Tribunal of Bilbao, still held by the Republicans, tried him and some other personalities in absentia; they were charged with subversive activities against established legal authorities. Oreja was declared guilty of preparing a military rebellion and sentenced to 20 years imprisonment. While Oreja's trial was in course in Republican Bilbao, he resided some 40 km away but across the frontline, in the Nationalist-held Gipuzkoan Mondragón. Unión Cerrajera as a large metalworking company which employed some 900 people turned vital for the Nationalist arms industry, and Oreja as president of its board remained heavily engaged in the task of re-shaping the production to suit military needs of the army. His role at the helm of UC translated into important position within the nascent provincial Francoist regime; he remained in touch with Jefé Provincial of the emergent state party Falange Española Tradicionalista and took part in some official acts, like granting the status of tenientes honoriarios to all Carlist veterans from the Third Carlist War. Until mid-war Oreja did not assume any position within the Nationalist administration and maintained low public profile. It is not clear whether this strategy was related to his wife having been first imprisoned and then held under police surveillance in Madrid. Released from prison in early 1937 she remained in very poor health and was under intense medical care. Officials of the Basque government, including secretariat of the prime minister José Aguirre and the Republican minister of justice Manuel Irujo, were engaged in efforts to issue Carmen Aspiunza a passport and to secure her exit from the Republican zone; it is not identified what backstage mechanism triggered this intervention. However, the minister of interior Julián Zugazagoitia opposed the plan and suggested that Oreja's wife be held in Madrid awaiting a would-be exchange for a Republican figure in Nationalists’ captivity. Eventually, Aspiunza passed away in Madrid in the spring of 1938. In May 1938 latest Oreja was nominated to the Gipuzkoan Comisión Gestora, a provincial body appointed by the regime and supposed to temporarily replace the dissolved elected self-governmental structure, Diputación Provincial. It is not clear how long Oreja remained within the Comisión; local press provided the related information scarcely and not later than in 1938. He was rather routinely reported as president of Consejo de Administración of Unión Cerrajera; in 1939 he set up Escuela de Aprendices de la Unión Cerrajera, a vocational school operated by the company. Early Francoism During the early post-war period Oreja did not engage in politics. None of the sources consulted notes his activity within the Carlist ranks, be it in the mainstream Javierista current or in the carloctavista and juanista factions. He remained fully aligned with the regime and supported some of its initiatives, e.g. by donating money to División Azul in 1941. In the mid-1940s he was active in Consejo of Confederación de Padres de Familia, nominated to the executive by the Madrid archbishop. At least until the end of the decade he remained engaged also in Junta Madrileña of Patronato de Protección a la Mujer and in Patronato de Formación Profesional y Obrera. The latter later evolved into Acción Social Patronal, a Catholic organisation in-between a trade union, a think-tank, a lobbying group, a charity organisation, an educational institution and a mutual help association; Oreja held a seat in its Comisión Nacional. Though he returned to Madrid Oreja kept serving as president of Unión Cerrajera, which posed some problems in practical terms. In 1948 Oreja decided to take part in the first municipal elections under Francoism and to run for the Madrid ayuntamiento. He fielded his candidature in a curia named tercio familiar and formed a list of technocratic professionals, headed by Luis Calvo Sotelo; with 107,835 votes he was comfortably elected. At unspecified time but prior to 1951 he was nominated the deputy mayor; in the council he was responsible for so-called Cuarta Zona and headed Comisión de Hacienda. Following 3 years of service with great fanfare he received homage from other members of the city council. At the time he was employed in Tribunal Económico Administrativo Central, a regulatory body within the ministry of economy. In 1951 Oreja was admitted at a personal audience by Franco; the subject of their meeting has not been disclosed. It might have been related to Oreja's ascendance to a high governmental job; the same year he was nominated sub-secretario, effectively the deputy minister, in Ministerio de Justicia, just assumed by another fellow ex-Carlist Antonio Iturmendi. However, he stayed clear of independent Carlist politics and remained firmly within the limits of loyalty to caudillo; the only Traditionalist feature he permitted himself was cultivating of the Vázquez de Mella memory. In 1952 he was again admitted by Franco and received Gran Cruz del Mérito Civil. Also in 1952 he received his Cortes mandate from the pool of Franco's personal appointees; In the chamber Ricardo joined his brother Benigno, who had served three earlier terms since 1943. In 1954 Oreja's term in the Madrid ayuntamiento came to an end. Mid- and late Francoism In the mid-1950s Oreja reached the regular retirement age. One source claims that in 1955 he ceased as president of Consejo de Administración of Unión Cerrajera, though another one suggests that he performed some roles in the company, possibly as an honorary president, during the following 20 years. At the time the company employed 1,700 people and was the largest industrial enterprise in Gipuzkoa. Some authors claim that the year of 1956, the first one after his resignation, was the turning point for the company and the moment it entered the downward path. In 1955 the primate nominated him vice-president of Consejo de Confederación Católica Nacional de Padres de Familia. Oreja was also active as vice-president in a conservative think-tank Instituto Histórico-Jurídico Francisco Suarez, in the late 1950s renamed to Asociación International Francisco Suarez; as such he at times delivered lectures at various ateneos. Círculo Cultural Juan Vázquez de Mella, a quasi-political Traditionalism-flavored chain freshly permitted by the regime, declared him an honorary member in 1959. Oreja was repeatedly re-appointed to the Cortes, always from the pool of personal Franco's appointees, in 1955, 1958, 1961 and 1964. Little is known about his labors in the chamber except some role in a commission working on Ley de Principios del Movimiento Nacional, the law which thwarted the last Falangist attempt to convert the regime into a totalitarian system. His term commenced in 1964 was to expire in 1967, but in 1965 and aged 75 Oreja resigned the mandate. The same year he terminated his 14-year-long service as subsecretario de justicia. Little is known of his role in the ministry. The press reported of his routine official duties, like homage to civil war combatants, openings of new institutions or giving lectures. Historiographic works suggest at various points he supervised religious issues, prisons, and juvenile crime. He received a number of orders, the most prestigious one having been Gran Cruz de San Raimundo de Peñafort. His traditionalist penchant was demonstrated only when fully integrated within the Francoist ideology, e.g. when meeting ex-requetés, lecturing about Vázquez de Mella or taking part in the official version of the Martires de la Tradición feast. During late Francoism Oreja mostly withdrew into privacy and was barely active in public, e.g. in 1967 he was noted as the former Ministry of Justice official present during opening of a new ministerial building, the construction of which he reportedly had initiated. He was well established within the regime top strata and within the Basque industrial oligarchy alike; the list of guests at various family events he attended reads like a report from an official or industry ceremony. The last moment he appeared in politics occurred in 1969; as the regime expulsed a progressist carlohuguista pretendent prince Carlos Hugo, the administration was eager to demonstrate that caudillo enjoyed unlimited Carlist support. Oreja headed a group of former Carlist deputies admitted by the dictator who declared their full loyalty to Franco and to the regime; the event received wide public coverage. See also Carlism Carlo-francoism Traditionalism (Spain) Marcelino Oreja Elósegui Footnotes Further reading Juan Ramón de Andrés Martín, El cisma mellista: historia de una ambición política, Madrid 2000, Sharryn Kasmir, The Myth of Mondragon. Cooperatives, Politics and Working-Class Life in a Basque Town, New York 1996, Josemari Velez de Mendizabal, José Ángel Barrutiabengoa, Juan Ramón Garai, “Ama” Cerrajera, Donostia 2007 External links Oreja at Aunamendi Eusko Entziklopedia website* * Oreja at official Cortes service Oreja at Colegio de Abogados de Madrid website Por Dios y por España; contemporary Carlist propaganda Businesspeople from the Basque Country (autonomous community) Carlists Complutense University of Madrid alumni Corporatism Education activists Far-right politicians in Spain Madrid city councillors Members of the Congress of Deputies of the Spanish Restoration Members of the Cortes Españolas People from Busturialdea People from Madrid Politicians from Cantabria Politicians from Madrid Politicians from the Basque Country (autonomous community) Regionalism (politics) Roman Catholic activists Spanish anti-communists Spanish civil servants Spanish jurists Spanish monarchists Spanish municipal councillors Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (National faction) Spanish Roman Catholics University of Valladolid alumni 20th-century Spanish businesspeople

69594835

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie%20Khoo%20Kwee%20Hock

Leslie Khoo Kwee Hock

Leslie Khoo Kwee Hock (邱贵福 Qiū Guìfú; born ) is a criminal from Singapore who was convicted for the murder of his Chinese girlfriend Cui Yajie (崔雅洁 Cuī Yǎjié), with whom he had a relationship despite the fact that he was already married with a son. Khoo, who had previous past convictions for cheating and forgery, was said to have argued with his girlfriend in a car on 12 July 2016, and the argument turned violent and Khoo strangled Cui in a moment of anger. Later, Khoo took Cui's corpse to a forest in Lim Chu Kang where he burnt the body for three days before he was arrested on 20 July 2016. Khoo was found guilty of murder three years after his arrest and sentenced to life imprisonment. His case was the second murder conviction without a body after the high-profile Sunny Ang trial in 1965. The murder of Cui Yajie, which took place nearby Gardens by the Bay, became known as the Gardens by the Bay murder to the public. Personal life Leslie Khoo Kwee Hock was born in Singapore in 1968. After reaching his adult years and finishing his education, he became married to an unnamed woman and fathered a son in 2004. However, he was unfaithful towards his wife and committed adultery before. He had also smoked, drank and gambled. Khoo was first convicted in 2004 of criminal breach of trust and sentenced to six months in jail, and he had been caught for forgery. Seven years later, he was found guilty of a similar offence and served a longer 16-month jail term. He also twice committed offences related to misuse of computers in 2001 and 2016 respectively. In prison for his latest offence, Khoo turned to Christianity, and after his release, he became a volunteer of a welfare group which provide help to the former criminals and their families. He also found a job as a retail manager of a laundry business despite his criminal record, and had helped his former fellow prisoners and other convicts to find jobs in the same laundry business. Gardens by the Bay murder Background Despite having turned to religion, Leslie Khoo continued to have affairs with other women outside his marriage, and continued to cheat them of money. Of all the lovers, one of them was 31-year-old Chinese national Cui Yajie. Cui Yajie, an only child in her family, was an engineer born in Tianjin, China. Cui, who graduated from University of Southampton, first came to work in Singapore since 2012, and had gained permanent residence status during her next three years in Singapore. When both Khoo and Cui first met in 2015 outside the home of her former boyfriend (with whom she just broke up with), Khoo comforted Cui and helped her out. Later, they began a relationship after he lied that he was single and was an owner of a laundry business when he himself was actually married with a son and was a retail manager of that same laundry business he claimed was his. Later, when Cui became suspicious, Khoo told her that he was divorced. Khoo's wife later got wind of her husband's relationship with Cui after Cui sent her a message on Facebook to demand that Khoo's wife leave Khoo alone. The relationship would later on be riddled with quarrels over Khoo spending less time with Cui and a debt of $20,000 which he owed her for making investment with that same amount of money in gold (half of that amount was eventually paid back by Khoo asking a former lover to remit the money in Cui's father's bank account). Murder It was on that fateful day of 12 July 2016, in an unexpected turn of events, when Cui Yajie wanted to go to Khoo's workplace, supposedly to expose Khoo's lies, but Khoo intercepted her, and he offered to drive her to his workplace but he subsequently took her to a secluded place near Gardens by the Bay, where he intended to calm her down and dissuade her from meeting his supervisor. It was then during a heated quarrel, Khoo lost control of his temper and strangled 31-year-old Cui Yajie to death, and after he drove aimlessly around Singapore, he went back home at night with Cui's corpse, which was covered in laundry bags, still hidden in the car. The next day, Khoo took the body to a forest in Lim Chu Kang after buying some charcoal and kerosene, where he burnt it for three consecutive days. On 17 July 2016, after the police investigated into the disappearance of Cui, Khoo, who was the last person to see her before her death, was arrested as a suspect. Khoo later confessed to the killing and he led the police to the place where he burned the body. By the time the police got there, there were only a few clumps of hair, a bra hook and partially burnt pieces of Cui's dress left at the site where Khoo burnt Cui's body. 48-year-old Leslie Khoo Kwee Hock was thus charged with murder and remanded in the case of Cui's death; he potentially faced the death penalty or life imprisonment if the courts found guilty of murder. This murder case became known as the "Gardens by the Bay murder" in media reports. Leslie Khoo also faced charges of cheating and embezzling a total of S$88,600 from his company and his four other lovers prior to his killing of Cui. Trial and life imprisonment When his trial started in the High Court of Singapore in March 2019, 50-year-old Leslie Khoo Kwee Hock, who denied having an affair with Cui or intended to kill Cui, tried to put up a defence of diminished responsibility against the murder charge by citing his intermittent explosive disorder (IED), which his lawyers argued that it made him suffering from an abnormality of mind, unable to take control of himself and thus impulsively strangled Cui to death. The defence also included both sudden and grave provocation and sudden fight, as Khoo pinpointed the blame on Cui for assaulting him and insulting him during the argument prior to her death. However, the prosecution did not accept the defences, and they called upon a psychiatrist who confirmed that Khoo was not suffering from diminished responsibility and still capable of self-control at the time of the strangulation, as well as citing the numerous lies and discrepancies in his account. After an 11-day trial that lasted from March to July 2019, on 18 July 2019, Leslie Khoo was convicted of murder under Section 300(b) of the Penal Code. The trial judge Audrey Lim of the High Court did not accept that he was suffering from diminished responsibility, and also dismissed his other defences as well. The judge also stated that based on the claim of sudden fight and Cui's smaller body size, it is more likely that Khoo acted in a cruel and unusual manner and Cui never physically abuse Khoo at all; it would have been clear to Khoo that pressing Cui's neck with great force would likely lead to her death. Justice Lim additionally rejected Khoo's claim that he cremated Cui's body to allow her to rest in peace, and further affirmed that Khoo indeed have an affair with Cui despite his repeated denials. Due to the guilty verdict of murder, Khoo would either be sentenced to death or life imprisonment. The prosecutors, led by Hri Kumar Nair, sought a life sentence for Khoo in their final submissions on sentence while the defence asked for the sentence to be backdated to Khoo's date of remand. After adjourning sentencing for a month, on 19 August 2019, Justice Lim decided in her sentencing verdict that Khoo did not show any blatant disregard for human life or viciousness from the manner of killing, for which his case would not warrant the death penalty, in comparison to past cases of Chia Kee Chen and indirectly, Kho Jabing. She also accept that there is no premeditation of killing Cui Yajie on Khoo's part, as his intention all along was just to calm her down and dissuade her from confronting his supervisors, before the tragic incident. Justice Lim also noted that while Khoo had gone to great lengths to dispose the body to cover up his crime and never called for help when Cui went motionless, it was not an relevant factor to be considered during sentencing. Besides, due to the cremation of the body, it was hard to ascertain the true extent of the injuries to observe the degree of viciousness exhibited in the manner of the killing. Hence, she decided to sentence 51-year-old Leslie Khoo Kwee Hock to life imprisonment and backdate Khoo's life term to the date of his remand, as what Khoo's lawyers requested for (and the prosecution did not object to it). Not only did he evade the death penalty, Khoo was also spared the cane as he was above 50 years old at the time of sentencing. Khoo initially appealed against his conviction and sentence, but he later withdrew it. Khoo's case was the second case in Singapore's legal history where a person was convicted of murder in the absence of a body, after the case of Sunny Ang Soo Suan, a law student who was sentenced to death on 18 May 1965 for the 1963 murder of his barmaid girlfriend Jenny Cheok Cheng Kid during a scuba diving trip, solely based on circumstantial evidence and without the body. Ang was hanged on 6 February 1967 after he lost his appeals against the sentence. The case was re-enacted in the year 2020's season of Crimewatch, and it aired as the fifth episode of the show's year 2020 season on 20 September 2020. A few details of the case were altered in the re-enactment for dramatic purposes (e.g. the victim Cui Yajie's name was changed to Chen Peipei; while Khoo still keeps his name in the re-enactment). See also List of major crimes in Singapore (before 2000) List of major crimes in Singapore (2000–present) Capital punishment in Singapore List of murder convictions without a body List of cases affected by the Kho Jabing case References 1968 births Living people Murder in Singapore Singaporean prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Singapore Prisoners and detainees of Singapore Murder convictions without a body

69594953

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nalini%20Bagchi

Nalini Bagchi

Nalinikanta Bagchi (1896 - 16 June 1918) was a revolutionary who participated in the Indian Independence Movement.Bagchi's original home was in Shikarpur in Nadia district. Early life Born at Kanchanatala in Murshidabad, his father's name is Bhubanmohan Bagchi. He studied at Krishnath College, Bahrampur. Later, he studied at Bankipur College and Bhagalpur College in Patna. While studying at Krishnath College, Berhampore, he joined the revolutionary party of Jugantar. He went to Bankipur College and Bhagalpur College in Patna to avoid getting arrested by the police. He tried to provoke the ideas of freedom struggle among the soldiers of Danapur. He took shelter at Athgaon in Guwahati under the direction of the party. Here, on January 12, 1918, after an armed battle with the police, he and Satish Chandra Pakrashi crossed the police cordon and moved to the forest. He also repulsed another attack on Navagraha hill. Disguised as a Muslim, he reached Lumding station on foot, after seven days of starvation and insomnia. Later he came to Calcutta in a state of smallpox. One of his comrades, saw him lying on the ground and took care of him. Encounter and death He then went to Dhaka and but he was again surrounded by the police at Kaltabazar, Dhaka on June 15, 1917. An armed battle began between Nalini and the police. He was severely wounded in the exchange of fire and was arrested. His companion Tariniprasanna Majumdar, who was along with him, was shot dead. Nalini died at Mitford hospital, Dhaka on the same day. Despite police torture before his death, he did not mention his name. One policeman was killed and several others were injured in the fighting. His patron Chaitanya Dey was sentenced to ten years in prison. A road in the town of Berhampore in Murshidabad and a bridge over the Berhampore-Jalangi state road are named in his memory. References Indian independence activists from Bengal Indian independence movement 1896 births 1918 deaths Anushilan Samiti History of Bengal

69595799

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonid%20Karnov

Leonid Karnov

Leonid Vladimirovich Karnov (, known as The Petersburg Othello (), is a Russian serial killer who killed five people, including a pregnant woman, during robberies in Saint Petersburg from 2005 and 2008. For his crimes, he was sentenced to life imprisonment. Biography Little is known about Karnov's life. A native of Saint Petersburg born in 1976, Karnov showed an affinity for cycling at an early age and demonstrated athletic prowess during his school years, so much so that he was considered as a candidate for a "Sportsmaster" award. However, this fell through he started drinking heavily, eventually leading to multiple convictions for theft during the 1990s. He was released in 2000, was unable to find a job and made a living through stealing and reselling bicycles. On October 28, 2005, while riding on a train on the Saint Petersburg-Lyuban line, Karnov stabbed another passenger with a knife under unclear circumstances. The victim subsequently died from blood loss, but his killer went unapprehended. For the next three years, Karnov is not known to have committed any violent crimes until March 2008. At that time, he was drinking at the Serafimovskoe Cemetery, where he had originally gone to clean the gravestones of his family members, when he was approached by another homeless man. The pair drank together until a quarrel arose between them, during which Karnov strangled the man with his own T-shirt before stealing his bike and mobile phone. While the police were investigating the first murder, Karnov committed a similar one a month later, again strangling a drinking companion before stealing his bike and mobile phone. Sometime that same month, Karnov was drinking with 23-year-old Nikita Gorbunov, a drinking companion who acted as his accomplice during some of his robberies, when they came across a 37-year-old acquaintance of his, Svetlana Boytsova, on Narodnaya Street. Boytsova, who had recently been divorced and had issues at her workplace, decided to invite the two men to drink at her apartment. After some time, a drunken Karnov strangled his new drinking buddy with a belt and then stole her items, while a terrified Gorbunov watched, unable to do anything due to his own drunkenness and newfound fear of his friend. On a cold night in July of that year, Karnov was in the rented apartment he shared with his 41-year-old pregnant girlfriend, Kristina Styazhkina, who had allegedly been pestering him to stop drinking and stealing. In the ensuing argument, Karnov grabbed a knife and stabbed her nine times, leaving the weapon jammed in one of her arteries. After washing himself, changing his clothes and going out for a walk, he wound up at the apartment of a female acquaintance, to whom he confessed that he had just killed his girlfriend. Alarmed, she notified police, who arrested him not long after. During the subsequent interrogations, police extensively questioned the accused killer in relation to the others homicides, after finding mobile phones and other physical evidence that linked them to him. Eventually, Karnov confessed, but struggled to provide a good reason for the crimes, claiming that he was drunk during each attack. After a psychiatric examination determined that he was sane to stand trial, he was charged with the four murders and several robberies he had been linked to at that point. In October 2009, he was convicted on all counts and sentenced to life imprisonment. His accomplice, Gorbunov, was only charged with one count of robbing a cyclist, for which he was convicted and sentenced a year and a half in prison. In 2010, Karnov was linked to the 2005 cold case by Saint Petersburg authorities, and was subsequently charged with murder. Karnov was convicted for it in December 2010, and was given another life term. He later attempted to appeal the second sentence to the Supreme Court, but his appeal was rejected. See also List of Russian serial killers External links Appeal (2011) (in Russian) References 1976 births Living people 21st-century Russian criminals Russian male criminals Male serial killers Russian serial killers Russian people convicted of murder People convicted of murder by Russia People convicted of theft Russian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Russia Russian prisoners and detainees Prisoners and detainees of Russia People from Saint Petersburg

69597383

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isom%20%28surname%29

Isom (surname)

Isom is a surname. Notable people with the name include: Anne Williams-Isom (born 1967), American government official, academic, lawyer, and nonprofit executive Cedric Isom (born 1984), American-Rwandan basketball player Daniel Isom (born 1967), American academic and police officer Harriet Winsar Isom (born 1936), American foreign service officer Lori L. Isom, American pharmacologist Mary Frances Isom (1865–1920), American librarian Mike Isom (born 1948), American football coach Mo Isom (born 1989), American soccer player Ray Isom (born 1965), American football player Rickey Isom (born 1963), American football player Sarah McGehee Isom (1854–1905), American orator

69597932

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004%20Dublin%20May%20Day%20protests

2004 Dublin May Day protests

On 1 May 2004 there was a physical confrontation in the Dublin suburb of Ashtown between riot police and alter-globalisation activists. On that day there was a summit of EU leaders taking place at Farmleigh House in the Phoenix Park. Protestors affiliated with the Dublin Grassroots Network and other left-wing groups attempted to march to Farmleigh but were blocked by Gardaí at the Ashtown roundabout. A small number of protestors broke off from the main group and clashed with Gardaí at the roundabout. The Gardaí used water cannons against the protestors, eventually dispersing them. This was the first time that police had used water cannons in the Republic of Ireland. Background In 2004 Ireland assumed the Presidency of the Council of the European Union. On Saturday 1 May a summit was held in Farmleigh House in the Phoenix Park with twenty-five European prime ministers to celebrate the accession of ten states to the EU on that date. In addition to this a “European Fair” was organised for that date in Merrion Square along with events in ten other towns and cities in Ireland. A weekend of protest against the summit, called the "No Borders" weekend, was organised by the Dublin Grassroots Network (DGN). The group was a “broad-based network including anarchists, environmentalists, anti-war activists.” The two defining characteristics of DGN were the advocacy of non-hierarchical organisation and an insistence on the importance of direct action. Many of those involved were veterans of the alter-globalisation movement. They had organised the 2002 and 2003 Mayday Reclaim the Streets parties in Dublin which had “established Mayday in the public mind as, at least partially, a day of libertarian protest”. Amongst the events planned by DGN for the weekend were street theatre performances and a bicycle rally. For the time of the Farmleigh summit itself, a "Bring the Noise" march from the city centre to Farmleigh was planned. The organisers urged marchers to bring "saucepan lids and spoons, pots and pans, whistles and kazoos, sound systems and foghorns, musical instruments, drums and any other noise-making instruments you can get your hands on”. The organisers were aware that there was no chance that any march was going to be allowed get within sight of the EU leaders, but hoped that this approach they “might get close enough to at least be heard”. DGN media spokespeople stressed that they planned the march to be non-confrontational and that they didn't intend to try to break through police lines or damage property. It was known that some of those who intended on going on the protest, particularly some international visitors, opposed this approach. It was agreed that anyone who wanted to go beyond the guidelines drawn up by the organisers should do so away from the main march. Prior to the day of the summit it was alleged by figures in the government and in the media that the reason for the protest was opposition to the enlargement of the European Union. DGN spokespeople responded that they were not against EU expansion. Rather, they were against ‘Fortress Europe’ policies, the increased militarization of the EU, unfair taxation and the privatisation of basic public services. Prior to the protest, the organisers made contact with refugee groups, the anti-bin tax campaign, other groups and campaigns as well as international left-libertarian groups such as the WOMBLES. Media reporting pre-protest There was extensive media coverage of the planned protest for several months prior to the event. Much of this was sensationalist in nature, playing up the threat of violence from anarchists, particularly those coming from abroad. There were claims that over 15,000 protestors would arrive from abroad for the demonstration, including many ‘veterans’ of the Genoa G8 riots. Irish journalist Harry Brown wrote that the run up to May Day 2004 saw ‘some of the most atrocious journalism in living memory’. Aisling Reidy of the Irish Council for Civil Liberties expressed her concern that the Gardaí were trying to ‘soften up’ public opinion for a confrontation that weekend through stories fed to the media. Newspaper headlines from the time include ‘Anarchist army plans bloodbath in Ireland’ or ‘Anarchists to gas 10,000 people’. Ireland on Sunday claimed that anarchists had stockpiled weapons at secret locations throughout the country. The Sunday Business Post carried a warning on 25 April from a police source that there was a plan to attack the Blanchardstown Shopping Centre. Another paper claimed there was a plan to assassinate the then Taoiseach Bertie Ahern. In one notorious incident Darren Boyle of the Irish Daily Star claimed to have “infiltrated” a secret meeting of anarchists. In fact, the meeting that he attended was open and publicly advertised. Security preparation In response to the planned protests, the Gardaí “mounted one of the biggest security operations ever seen in the State”. Immigration checks were strengthened at airports and ports. The owners of student hostels and other accommodation popular with backpackers were warned to be on the lookout for visitors acting suspiciously. A wing of a Dublin prison was emptied in readiness. Senior Gardaí claimed that they would not have room to room to detain all those arrested and would have to take over schools and universities. Hospitals were told to have their emergency contingents ready in cases of serious civil unrest. Space was cleared at the city morgue. Police visited city centre businesses and encouraged them to close for the weekend, warning of serious violence.The summit's location was marked off by a four-mile exclusion zone.Between 4,000 and 6,000 officers were deployed on summit-related duties for that weekend, with 1,000 in riots squads. Over 2,500 soldiers were also deployed, with the army's chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear unit put on stand-by. All Garda leave for the weekend was cancelled. Two water cannons were borrowed from the PSNI for the occasion. Two days before the protest a squat that was to serve as an accommodation centre for the protestors was shut down by police. Three English anarchists were also arrested. On the same day, police announced that the riot squad would be deployed at the march's starting point and would break up any attempts at assembling. DGN chose a new starting point but one writer has said that the city was essentially under martial law by that point. Ealáir ní Dhorchaigh and Laurence Cox writing in 2011 in the book Riotous Assemblies: Rebels, Riots and Revolts in Ireland, said that the effect of this massive security operation was to produce a “frightened, silent and militarised city”. March The ‘No Borders’ protest weekend began on the morning of Friday 30 April with a demonstration outside Mountjoy Prison in support of the English arrestees. This was followed by a Critical Mass event that evening. On Saturday morning there was a series of street theatre pieces against Fortress Europe, followed by a break-in into the privately owned Fitzwilliam Park. The Bring the Noise march began on O’Connell Street at 6pm on Saturday evening. Far more people arrived than the organisers expected. Assembling under the Jim Larkin a statue a proposal was put to the crowd about whether they should march to Farmleigh, despite the Garda ban. This was assented to and the march out of the city centre began. The front banner of the march read ‘No border, no nations; Against a Europe of capital’. A couple of minor scuffles broke out early in the march between journalists and more militant marchers. The van of RTÉ, the state broadcaster, was spray painted with the word ‘liars’. Despite this the mood was generally good. DGN activists Andrew Flood and Dec McCarthy, writing about the events afterwards, spoke of a carnival atmosphere. After walking for about 9km, the group made it to the Ashtown roundabout at about 8pm, where police had blocked the way to the Ashtown Gate into the Phoenix Park. There between 2,000 – 5,000 demonstrators present at this point. The march stopped on the Navan Road, about 100 metres from the roundabout. At this point a ‘pushing bloc’ broke away from the main march and advanced up to police lines, along with some others. At this point, the uniformed police retreated and were replaced by riot squads. The pushing bloc attempted to break through police lines but this was only a token effort. They also threw missiles such as beer cans, sticks and placards at the gardaí. Baton charges were deployed against the protestors to force them back. After a number of charges the water cannons were deployed. The prompted a sit-down protest but the protestors were soon driven back. The gardaí continued the advance with further baton charges and the protestors started to retreat back to the city centre. Overall 29 demonstrators were arrested. Several people were injured in the clashes, including one police officer who was taken to hospital with a head injury. The summit in Farmleigh went ahead as planned. Aftermath The ‘No Borders’ weekend did not end with the clashes in Ashtown. Early on Sunday about dozen people held a demonstration outside an accommodation centre for asylum seekers in protest against the government's recently announced ‘direct provision’ policy. On Monday there was another demonstration outside Mountjoy, followed by a Reclaim the Streets party that passed without incident. The government defended the actions of the gardaí following the incident. Speaking in Dáil Éireann on May 5 leader of the opposition Enda Kenny praised the government saying that they “had an obligation to ensure the security and safety of our citizens and visitors from Europe.” Joe Higgins of the Socialist Party was more critical. Speaking in the same Dáil session he criticised the police for heavy-handedness during the protest and for their treatment of those arrested. He accused the media of fearmongering and criticised the government for ordering the water cannons. DGN blamed policing decisions for the outbreak of violence. In a statement released on May 7 they accused the government of trying to “criminalise protest and prevent the exercise of democratic rights”. In the statement they alleged that this was done to prevent embarrassment to the government and to intimidate potential protestors ahead of US President George W Bush's upcoming visit. They criticised both the arrests and the treatment of those arrested, who were denied bail. Writing in 2010 DGN activist Mark Malone called the No Borders weekend “the biggest anti-authoritarian event in the history of the State”. Reflecting on the weekend in a 2021 interview DGN media spokesperson Aileen O'Carroll said that it more of a "moment of exuberance" than something that had a long-term impact. Involvement of Mark Kennedy Amongst those involved in the attempt to push through police lines was Mark Kennedy. Kennedy is a former London Metropolitan Police officer who first came to public attention in 2010 when it was revealed that he had entered into intimate relationships with environmental activists while working infiltrating them under the alias ‘Mark Stone’. It has been alleged that he acted as an agent provocateur during numerous campaigns. Witnesses at the May Day confrontation have said that Kennedy acted aggressively and encouraged other activists to attack gardaí. In 2011 Garda officers confirmed that they had been alerted by British police in advance that Kennedy had sought to come over for the protest. The officers said that this was accepted this provided that Kennedy did not break any laws. They further said that he did not work for gardaí while based in Ireland and did not have any communication with the force about his activities. Following the revelations Labour Party TD, and future President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins demanded an explanation from the British government as to why one of its undercover police officers was operating in Ireland. See also Anarchism in Ireland List of demonstrations against corporate globalization References External links Footage of the Ashtown confrontation Video of the 'No Borders' weekend sympathetic to the demonstrators Leaflet For “May Day Dublin 2004 - For An Alternative Europe” - Dublin Grassroots Network Anarchism in Ireland History of Dublin (city) Riots and civil disorder in Ireland 2004 in the Republic of Ireland Dublin riots 2000s in Dublin (city) May 2004 events in Europe Anti-globalization protests History of mass media in the Republic of Ireland

69598452

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piparpur%2C%20Bhadar

Piparpur, Bhadar

Piparpur is a village in Bhadar block of Amethi district, Uttar Pradesh, India. The historical capital of the pargana of Asal, Piparpur is located on the road from Amethi to Chanda, just west of the intersection with the main Allahabad-Faizabad road. Running through the village is a stream that originates in the Bhujwa jhil and flows into neighbouring Prataphgarh district where it joins with the Chamraura. The banks of this stream are well-wooded; they used to be more so, but a lot of it was cut down around the turn of the 20th century to provide materials for the railway. There is also some significant usar land, especially in the north of the village. Piparpur has a train station on the Faizabad-Sultanpur-Allahabad branch of the Northern Railway zone; it is located 13 km from the previous station at Sultanpur Junction and 11 km from the next station at Khundaur. The station is located to the east of the village. As of 2011, Piparpur has a population of 6,825 people, in 1,022 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities and hosts both a permanent market and a weekly haat. Besides Piparpur proper, there are also 15 dependent hamlets that are included in the village lands. Piparpur serves as the seat of a nyaya panchayat which also includes 18 other villages. History Piparpur was the capital and main settlement in the historical pargana of Asal. The Piparpur railway station was built in 1901; before this, its main claim to importance was as the seat of a police thana. It also held a market. At the turn of the 20th century, Piparpur was held in bhaiyachara tenure by a huge group of over 200 Bachgoti Rajputs along with a few Kayasths and Banias. Due to conflict among the landowners, a process of partition was begun in 1902. Its population as of 1901 was 1,806 people, mostly Rajputs; in addition to the Hindu population there was also a small Muslim minority of 101. The 1951 census recorded Piparpur (as "Piperpur") as comprising 16 hamlets, with a total population of 2,167 people (1,084 male and 1,083 female), in 449 households and 381 physical houses. 145 residents were literate, all male. The village was listed as belonging to the pargana of Asal and the thana of Piparpur. Either it or the Piparpur in Bhetua block had a district board-run primary school with 120 students in attendance as of 1 January 1951. The 1961 census recorded Piparpur as comprising 16 hamlets, with a total population of 2,366 people (1,194 male and 1,172 female), in 465 households and 422 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 2,519 acres. The 1981 census recorded Piparpur as having a population of 3,078 people, in 624 households, and having an area of 1,019.44 hectares. The main staple foods were listed as wheat and rice. The 1991 census recorded Piparpur (as "Piper Pur") as having a total population of 4,717 people (2,391 male and 2,326 female), in 735 households and 730 physical houses. The area of the village was listed as 1,017.00 hectares. Members of the 0-6 age group numbered 1,008, or 21% of the total; this group was 50% male (504) and 50% female (504). Members of scheduled castes numbered 508, or 21% of the village's total population, while no members of scheduled tribes were recorded. The literacy rate of the village was 34% (1,023 men and 396 women, counting only people age 7 and up). 1,463 people were classified as main workers (1,184 men and 279 women), while 97 people were classified as marginal workers (2 men and 95 women); the remaining 3,157 residents were non-workers. The breakdown of main workers by employment category was as follows: 717 cultivators (i.e. people who owned or leased their own land); 374 agricultural labourers (i.e. people who worked someone else's land in return for payment); 3 workers in livestock, forestry, fishing, hunting, plantations, orchards, etc.; 0 in mining and quarrying; 28 household industry workers; 142 workers employed in other manufacturing, processing, service, and repair roles; 18 construction workers; 36 employed in trade and commerce; 19 employed in transport, storage, and communications; and 126 in other services. References Villages in Amethi district

69598953

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingpin%20%28Matt%20Murdock%29

Kingpin (Matt Murdock)

The Kingpin (Matthew Michael "Matt" Murdock; colloquial: "Western Sun of the Hand" or "Matt Murderdock") is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He was created by Jason Latour and Robbi Rodriguez. The character debuted in Edge of Spider-Verse issue #2 as part of the 2014–15 "Spider-Verse" comic book storyline as the archenemy of Gwen Stacy / Spider-Woman, continuing into the ongoing series Spider-Gwen that began in 2015. The "Kingpin" name is a reference to the crime lord title in Mafia slang nomenclature. Murdock is a variant of Kingpin and an alternate-universe version of Matt Murdock / Daredevil. He lives on Earth-65, where Murdock's origin is the same as his Earth-616 counterpart, being blinded as a child before being trained by the similarly blinded Stick to hone his consequentially acquired physical abilities and superhuman senses following his father Jack's murder, diverting when Stick is also killed by ninjas working for the Hand, who Murdock then kills. Impressed by his abilities, the Hand recruits Murdock to become an assassin in Japan, rising through their ranks before being sent back to New York City, receiving a law degree and rising to become the head of organized crime. After his designated patsy and best friend Wilson Fisk is falsely arrested by George Stacy as the Kingpin, Murdock has a midlife crisis and considers suicide before sensing a kindred spirit in passing superhero (and wanted murderer) Spider-Woman, and electing to attempt to mold her into his apprentice, personal enforcer, and eventual successor. Murdock also becomes romantically involved with S.I.L.K. CEO Cindy Moon, the billionaire responsible for Spider-Woman's powers. A young version of the character makes a silent cameo appearance in the 2018 animated feature film Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse. Publication history In the primary continuity of the comic books constituting the Marvel Universe, blind lawyer Matt Murdock is the superhero Daredevil, whose archenemy is the crime lord Kingpin. This primary version of Matt Murdock was introduced in Daredevil #1 (April 1964). The concept of an alternate-universe, supervillain Matt Murdock-incarnation of Kingpin was first conceptualised by Jason Latour, after he was approached by Spider-Man editor Nick Lowe on request of writer Dan Slott to write a stand-alone issue for the 2014–15 "Spider-Verse" event, following a similarly alternate-universe superhero "spider-powered Gwen Stacy", conceiving of Murdock as their nemesis, with Robbi Rodriguez approached to design Murdock and the title character. The character debuted in Edge of Spider-Verse #2 on September 17, 2014. In October 2014, Nick Lowe announced at New York Comic Con 2014 that a Spider-Gwen ongoing series would be released, retaining Murdock as its main antagonist. Murdock was then featured as the joint main antagonist (along with billionaire S.I.L.K. CEO Cindy Moon) of the multi-part crossover Spider-Women, commencing with Spider-Women Alpha #1 and ending with Spider-Women Omega #1, with certain issues of Spider-Woman, Silk and Spider-Gwen partially depicting the storyline in between. Fictional character biography Early life and rise to power Born to workman Jack Murdock and paralegal/actress Maggie Murdock, young Matt Murdock is accompanying his mother home from rehearsals for her new play when the two are involved in a truck accident, leaving Maggie comatose and blinding Matt, who finds that his remaining senses have been enhanced to superhuman levels by the chemicals which blinded him. To pay their medical bills, Jack becomes a professional boxer, working up his way through their ranks until discovering that his fights had been rigged by the crime boss Silvermane. While initially agreeing to lose the championship match in exchange for a payoff, driven by pride and frustration, Jack instead knocks out his opponent, winning. While Jack out celebrating with Matt, Silverman sends his men to kill them in revenge, killing Jack in front of Matt before Matt is saved by the vigilante Stick. Recognizing his abilities, Stick takes Matt under his wing to take on New York's criminal syndicates. After Stick is killed by ninja employed by Silvermane on loan from the Hand, Matt kills those personally responsible before submitting in defeat to their brethren. Impressed by his skill, the Hand decides to recruit Matt, bringing him to Japan to train him as an assassin, where he becomes a citizen. After many years rising through the ranks of the Hand a feared assassin, dubbed a "daredevil" for his red suit and mask, Matt returns to New York on the orders, completing a law degree at Empire State University, before entering the employ of local crime boss Wilson Fisk, killing international burglar Le Chat Noir, who had stolen Fisk's first dollar. Upon graduation from university, Matt becomes Fisk's official chief advisor and personal counsel, forming a successful law firm and simultaneously taking over the criminal underworld as the Kingpin of Crime, with Fisk serving as a puppet ruler on Matt's behalf. Edge of Spider-Verse After Fisk is arrested as the Kingpin by NYPD Captain George Stacy as Matt's designated patsy, Matt continues running the syndicate and his law firm himself. Suffering from a midlife crisis as a result of growing bored with his absolute power and personal moral corruption, Matt decides to commit suicide. However, upon seeing the vigilante Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy) pass by, Matt senses with his enhanced senses that she is a "kindred spirit" to himself, and decides to delay killing himself until he can earn her favour, and mold her into his new apprentice, personal enforcer, and eventual successor as Kingpin. Obligated to avenge Fisk's imprisonment and help out Spider-Woman, Matt decides to order Captain Stacy (who had been hunting Spider-Woman for the murder of Peter Parker) to be assassinated by the Rhino, only to be surprised when she rescues him instead, both unaware that Spider-Woman is Stacy's daughter Gwen, revealing her identity to her father upon rescuing him. Spider-Gwen Suspecting a connection between Spider-Woman and Captain Stacy due to both of their apparently contradictory actions: Spider-Woman saving Stacy and subsequently reversing his public stance on her actions, eventually leading to his arrest, Matt's orders the Vulture captured after fighting Spider-Woman, before sending him to verify her true identity. After Spider-Woman defeats the Vulture, Matt's law firm represents him to ensure that he does not reveal her identity. Recruiting Spider-Woman Sometime later, Le Chat Noir's daughter and "Black Cats" lead singer Felicia Hardy steals Fisk's first dollar from Matt again, luring him into a public confrontation at Madison Square Garden to avenge her father's death, having her men confront Matt's men while she personally fights Matt, almost killing him before an intervening Spider-Woman punches her in the face, saving Matt's life. Impressed, Matt formally introduces himself as the Kingpin and offers Spider-Woman a place in his organisation. Rebuking his offer, Spider-Woman flees the scene ahead of the arriving police, as Matt promises to see her again. Confronting the recently arrested Captain Stacy with his knowledge of his daughter being Spider-Woman, Matt asks for his blessing to take her in as his new pupil, in exchange both for offering him his law firm's assistance in his defence, and having his NYPD successor Captain Frank Castle assassinated, a rogue police officer on the verge of killing Spider-Woman. After Stacy refuses Matt's deal, Matt flippantly calls off his assassins, who were already attacking Castle, before contacting Spider-Woman directly and offering to work to free her father in exchange for her agreeing to work from him whenever he needs her to, with Spider-Woman taking the deal, offering Matt her services. After Stacy had been arrested for false charges, Murdock approached Gwen and offered her a deal: He would work to free George if she promised that she would work for him. Gwen took the deal, and Murdock offered his service, along with Spider-Woman offering hers to him. After Spider-Woman subsequently retires from crime-fighting and returned to her civilian identity of Gwen Stacy, purportedly to avoid having to following Matt's commands, but in actuality due to having lost her powers (simulating them with "power-ups" and her web-shooters) and not wanting Matt to know about it, Matt breaks into a secret S.H.I.E.L.D. prison to visit his girlfriend Cindy Moon, the billionaire CEO of S.I.L.K. After prompting Gwen to be led into an ambush, injuring her and destroying her power-ups and web-shooters, Matt reveals his presence and his knowledge of her lost powers, having been informed by Cindy, who had designed the spider which had given her superpowers. Offering her a surplus of "radioactive spider isotopes" in exchange for her servitude, which would allow Gwen to become Spider-Woman again, Matt convinces her to join him. Creating Venom In order to prove her loyalty to him, Matt orders Spider-Woman to kill rogue S.I.L.K. agent and crime boss Jefferson "Scorpion" Davis and bring him his head, an order which she refuses. Disappointed that Spider-Woman had not honored their deal, Matt nonetheless has her come with him to Oscorp to give her an alternate order: capture her former friend and Spider-Woman-hunter Harry Osborn / The Lizard in Madripoor, in order to transform the Lizard formula in his blood into the Venom symbiote using Moon's isotopes, which will only allow Gwen to become Spider-Woman again when combined, which Matt hopes to use to corrupt her to his thinking. After Spider-Woman refuses to hand Marry over to Matt upon finding him, he has the Rhino beat her father to near-death in his prison cell, rending him comatose, before confronting her himself in Madripoor. As the symbiote envelops Gwen, Matt mocks her for not accepting his help, before being left incredulous by her being able to resist its bloodlust, which she explains to be due to her music, Matt having earlier mentioned the symbiote to be weak to sound. As Spider-Woman grabs him by the throat, an impressed Matt reveals he had stolen her portal-watch, allowing him access to the Spider-Verse, which he uses to open a portal to her father's hospital room and reveal him in his comatose state. Explaining his condition as a consequence of her actions, Matt convinces Spider-Woman to let him go, and she flees. Later, as the Rhino attempt to blackmail Matt to protect him with threats of revealing he is the real Kingpin of Crime unless he pays him hush money, Matt laughs and tells him that his days are numbered due to his assault of Stacy, and there is nothing even the Kingpin can do to protect him from her wrath, and that his own fall is also imminent. Annoyed by his blackmail attempt, Matt has Rhino's location (in Jack's Pub) leaked to Spider-Woman and the NYPD, buying Rhino and a drunk drinks before leaving via a portal as Spider-Woman enters the scene to enact her revenge. In order to tie up further loose ends following the Rhino's death, Matt has the police officer who allowed Stacy's beating captured and tortured for his role in allowing the Rhino to attack Captain Stacy. Keeping him pinned to a chair with a katana, slowly dying in his apartment, Matt explains his understanding of "the burden of knowledge and the inner war between the artiste and the entertainer", informing him that he will serve as a "priest" he must confess to, elaborating upon his personal origins and obsession with Spider-Woman, wishing to teach her the lesson that "absolute power corrupts absolutely". Slitting the officer's throat, Matt thanks him for listening before cleaning his blade and turning to look out across the night sky, contemplating his portal-watch. Hearing screams outside, Matt learns that a rogue Frank Castle has been murdering his minions, and readies his ninja for war. Matt decides to face Castle himself, and reveal himself as the Kingpin (against the wishes of Hand representative Otomo) only to be intercepted by Spider-Woman, who tells him she will not allow him an "easy death" at Castle's hands, and wants to kill him herself. With a response of "Attagirl", Matt draws his katana and cuts through her webs, dropping back down to the roof and informing her that an "easy death" is the last thing he wants. As the pair battle, Captain America (Samantha T. Wilson) suddenly shows up and punches (and kicks) Matt in the face, telling Spider-Woman that she is aware of his crimes and will arrest him. However, Spider-Woman instead breaks Captain America's arm and knocks her out, before picking up Matt by the throat and telling him to "shut up and die." Satisfied that he has finally taught her the meaning of "true power" and that he can die knowing he is not alone, Spider-Woman decides to keep him alive to spite him, tossing Matt aside. Sometime later, Matt is confronted by Captain America while moving out of his penthouse suite, professing ignorance of his supposed position as Kingpin, and calling her bluff as to S.H.I.E.L.D. having no evidence of his membership with the Hand, before "pondering" where Spider-Woman could have gone. War with the Hand Sometime later, on conference call with the leaders of the Hand, Matt openly defies them after they berate him for putting them at risk of exposure through his public conflicts, before preparing to face the ninja they will send to assassinate him. Sometime later still, Matt, covered in cuts and stabbed in the gut by a katana, slowly bleeding out, cuts down such a squad of ninja sent to assassinate him. As Spider-Woman arrives on the scene, mocking the fall of his criminal empire, with each commenting on each other's obsessions with the other, Matt pulls the sword from his abdomen and points out that he could have left at any point in time with the portal-watch, but stayed to teach her how power corrupts; Spider-Woman instead mocks Gwen mocks Matt for lying to himself and secretly wanting to be stopped, for being so bored and empty that only other people's misery is interesting, and for thinking himself caged when he's the freest person in the world. Enraged, Murdock attacks her in another attempt to have him kill her, before activating music loud enough to incapacitate Matt and remove her symbiote from her body. Noting his perceived terror at being so overwhelmed and drowned out, Spider-Woman tells Matt that knowing sound was the symbiote's weakness also displayed it at is own, and that on some level he wanted her to figure that out and stop him. Turning off the music, Gwen states that the world now knows the truth about the both of them, and that her love for her friends was what helped her truly tame the symbiote, transforming it into a replica of her original costume. Asking Matt for a reason not to kill him, brandishing her arm as a claw, Matt informs him that he will never surrender to either her or the Hand, telling her to kill him or he will never stop tormenting her. Unceremoniously taking back her portal-watch, Gwen tells Matt that he has picked his fate before leaving him to wait for ninja to arrive and end his life. Years later, Gwen references Matt having killed all the assassins the Hand had sent, before surrendering himself to S.H.I.E.L.D. custody. In other media Film In the climax of the 2018 film Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse, a young Matt Murdock from Gwen Stacy's home dimension appears in an "Easter egg" cameo during Miles Morales' final train fight scene with Kingpin, as an alternate universe adopted son of Kingpin, seen among several alternate reality versions of his deceased family. An older Matt also appears walking behind Gwen on a street during her "one last time" introductory origin montage earlier in the film, while the Matt native to Miles' dimension appears in a cameo during the first act as Kingpin's lawyer, being berated by him in a hallway after the collider explosion. Murdock will also appear in a female-centered spin-off of Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse. Reception Screen Rant praised Kingpin Matt Murdock as "one of the most fascinating" variants of the character in Marvel Comics, while Escapist Magazine lauded them as "easily the most unsettling remix of the cast [of Spider-Gwen], standing as the new Kingpin of Crime while displaying an inherent atheistic nihilism to the world that merges with his traditional origins to present a chilling figure brimming with malice", with Comic Book Resources additionally expressing further interest in the character being included in the upcoming films Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse (Part One) and (Part Two) following the character's cameo appearances in Into the Spider-Verse. References External links Kingpin (Matt Murdock) at Marvel Wiki Comics characters introduced in 2014 Daredevil (Marvel Comics) characters Fictional American lawyers Fictional blind characters Fictional boxers Fictional characters from New York City Fictional characters from parallel universes Fictional characters with superhuman senses Fictional crime bosses Fictional defense attorneys Fictional hapkido practitioners Fictional judoka Fictional jujutsuka Fictional murderers Fictional Ninjutsu practitioners Fictional stick-fighters Fictional torturers and interrogators Marvel Comics film characters Marvel Comics male supervillains Marvel Comics martial artists Marvel Comics mutates Marvel Comics orphans Spider-Man characters Spider-Woman

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manley%20report

Manley report

The {{safesubst:SUBPAGENAME}}, also known as the report of the Independent Panel on Canada's Future Role in Afghanistan, is a parliamentary report on status of Canada in the War in Afghanistan. The report was transmitted in January 2008 to the Federal government of Canada by The Independent Panel on Canada's Future Role in Afghanistan. The chair of the panel was John Manley, who was joined by Derek Burney, Jake Epp, Paul Tellier, and Pamela Wallin. History Approaching the upcoming expiry of Canada's NATO commitment in Afghanistan in February 2009, on October 12, 2007, Prime Minister Stephen Harper announced the creation of a non-partisan five-person panel that would advise the federal government on the upcoming strategy of the Canadian government in terms of Canada's involvement in Afghanistan. He announced the five-members would be: Derek Burney, former ambassador to the United States and Chief of Staff for Brian Mulroney; Jake Epp, former conservative cabinet minister; Paul Tellier, former CEO of Bombardier Inc. and Canadian National Railway and former clerk of the Privy Council; Pamela Wallin, former television journalist and Canada's consul general in New York City; and John Manley, former Deputy Prime Minister and Liberal Member of Parliament. Manley would serve as the chair of the panel. The goal of the panel was to analyze four main options for Canada's future involvement in Afghanistan: Focus on military and police training in Kandahar with the goal of creating sustainable Afghan security forces allowing for Canadian withdrawal in February 2009; Focus on rebuilding the infrastructure of Kandahar, transitioning away from a security-focused role; Leave Kandahar and move to another Afghan region; Completely withdraw security forces after February 2009 excluding security for Canadian diplomats and aid workers. Harper tasked the panel with considering all available options, but expressed that Parliament would inevitably make the decision. The report was published in January 2008, and it recommended that Canada should extend their security presence in Afghanistan until "the Afghan National Army is ready to provide security in Kandahar province." However, it stressed a desire for Canada to shift to an approach that focused more on training, infrastructure-reconstruction, and diplomacy, and expressed hope for other NATO-members to provide combat relief to enable Canada to do so. References Canadian commissions and inquiries Afghanistan–Canada relations

69599144

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloria%20Liz%C3%A1rraga%20de%20Capriles

Gloria Lizárraga de Capriles

Gloria Lizárraga de Capriles (2 May 1944 – 31 March 2021) was a Venezuelan politician who was the first mayor of the Baruta municipality elected by direct vote, as well as the first woman elected to the position. She has been described as one of the pioneering women in Venezuelan politics. Career Involved in politics from a young age, Lizárraga de Capriles became a leader of the Copei political party from the age of 14. Baruta was the first region to declare its autonomy from the Sucre district on 22 September 1987, which was later ratified by the Organic Law of Municipal Regime of 1989. This allowed the new municipality to participate in the regional elections later in the same year. Copei opted for the female leadership of Lizárraga, who was already known for her work in the communities. She was elected mayor of the municipality for the period 1989–1992 in the 1989 regional elections, the first to directly elect regional and local governors in Venezuela. Lizárraga's victory established a precedent in Caracas politics. When Chacao and El Hatillo achieved their autonomy as municipalities in 1992, they also elected women as mayors, Irene Sáez and Mercedes Hernández de Silva respectively. Lizárraga had to build up the municipality's institutions from scratch since the former Sucre District had concentrated its powers in Petare, during a period of economic crisis and political instability after the Caracazo (a wave of protests, riots and looting). She recounted that the Office of the Mayor of Baruta initially operated on the third floor of the Plaza Las Americas shopping mall, with rented chairs and boxes instead of desks and file cabinets; that due to the lack of resources, she had to ask local businesses to pre-pay their taxes in order to fund the salaries of her employees; and that none of the administrative officials (including herself) were paid until a stable revenue stream was achieved. Lizárraga created the first municipal police force in Venezuela on 2 May 1990. Her administration worked on integrating the populous areas of the municipality—El Rosario, Las Minas and Santa Cruz del Este—by adding public services, and constructing sports fields and public spaces. Lizárraga has been described as one of the trailblazing women in Venezuelan politics. References 1944 births 2021 deaths Copei politicians Women mayors of places in Venezuela People from Miranda (state) 20th-century Venezuelan women politicians